22 U.S.C. § 4021 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VII: CAREER DEVELOPMENT, TRAINING, AND ORIENTATION / Section 4021: Institution for training
Institution for training
Status: in_force

(a) Institution or center for training

The Secretary of State shall maintain and operate an institution or center for training (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the "institution"), originally established under section 701 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, in order to promote career development within the Service and to provide necessary training and instruction in the field of foreign relations to members of the Service and to employees of the Department and of other agencies. The institution shall be headed by a Director, who shall be appointed by the Secretary of State. The institution shall be designated the "George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center" 1

(b) Provision of training

To the extent practicable, the Secretary of State shall provide training under this subchapter which meets the needs of all agencies, and other agencies shall avoid duplicating the facilities and training provided by the Secretary of State through the institution and otherwise.

(c) Training and instruction to citizens of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

Training and instruction may be provided at the Institute 2 for not to exceed sixty citizens of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in order to prepare them to serve as members of the foreign services of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau. The authority of this subsection shall expire when the Compact of Free Association is approved by the Congress.

(d) Training and instruction of employees of foreign governments

(1) The Secretary of State is authorized to provide for special professional foreign affairs training and instruction of employees of foreign governments through the institution.

(2) Training and instruction under paragraph (1) shall be on a reimbursable or advance-of-funds basis. Such reimbursements or advances to the Department of State may be provided by an agency of the United States Government or by a foreign government and shall be credited to the currently available applicable appropriation account.

(3) In making such training available to employees of foreign governments, priority consideration should be given to officials of newly emerging democratic nations and then to such other countries as the Secretary determines to be in the national interest of the United States.

(e) Training or services for United States person

(1) The Secretary may provide appropriate training or related services, except foreign language training, through the institution to any United States person (or any employee or family member thereof) that is engaged in business abroad.

(2) The Secretary may provide job-related training or related services, including foreign language training, through the institution to a United States person under contract to provide services to the United States Government or to any employee thereof that is performing such services.

(3) Training under this subsection may be provided only to the extent that space is available and only on a reimbursable or advance-of-funds basis. Reimbursements and advances shall be credited to the currently available applicable appropriation account.

(4) Training and related services under this subsection is authorized only to the extent that it will not interfere with the institution's primary mission of training employees of the Department and of other agencies in the field of foreign relations.

(5) In this subsection, the term "United States person" means—

(A) any individual who is a citizen or national of the United States; or

(B) any corporation, company, partnership, association, or other legal entity that is 50 percent or more beneficially owned by citizens or nationals of the United States.

(f) Programs for Members of Congress or the Judiciary

(1) The Secretary is authorized to provide, on a reimbursable basis, training programs to Members of Congress or the Judiciary.

(2) Employees of the legislative branch and employees of the judicial branch may participate, on a reimbursable basis, in training programs offered by the institution.

(3) Reimbursements collected under this subsection shall be credited to the currently available applicable appropriation account.

(4) Training under this subsection is authorized only to the extent that it will not interfere with the institution's primary mission of training employees of the Department and of other agencies in the field of foreign relations.

(g) Applicability of section 4024 of this title

The authorities of section 4024 of this title shall apply to training and instruction provided under this section.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §701, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2099; Pub. L. 98–164, title I, §126, Nov. 22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1026; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §126(2), (3), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 393, 394; Pub. L. 103–415, §1(y), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4302; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2205(a)(1), (3), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–808, 2681–809; Pub. L. 107–132, §1(a), Jan. 16, 2002, 115 Stat. 2412; Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title III, §318(2), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1379.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 701 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (a), which was classified to section 1041 of this title, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159.

Amendments

2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–132 inserted at end "The institution shall be designated the 'George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center' ".

Subsecs. (d)(4) to (g). Pub. L. 107–228 repealed Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(3). See 1998 Amendment notes below.

1998—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(3)(B), which directed the redesignation of subsec. (g) as (d)(4), effective Oct. 1, 2002, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–228, effective Sept. 30, 2002.

Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(1)(A), redesignated subsec. (d)(4) as (g).

Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(3)(A), which directed the striking out of subsecs. (e) and (f), effective Oct. 1, 2002, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–228, effective Sept. 30, 2002.

Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(1)(B), added subsecs. (e) and (f).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(3)(B), which directed the redesignation of subsec. (g) as (d)(4), effective Oct. 1, 2002, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–228, effective Sept. 30, 2002.

Pub. L. 105–277, §2205(a)(1)(A), redesignated subsec. (d)(4) as (g).

1994—Pub. L. 103–415 made technical amendment relating to style of section catchline.

Pub. L. 103–236, §126(2)(A), substituted "Institution for training" for "Foreign Service Institute" as section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–236, §126(2)(B), inserted heading, substituted "an institution or center for training (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the 'institution')" for "the Foreign Service Institute (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the 'Institute'),", and substituted "institution shall" for "Institute shall".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–236, §126(3), substituted "institution" for "Institute".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–236, §126(2)(C), added subsec. (d).

1983—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–164 added subsec. (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Pub. L. 107–132, §1(b), Jan. 16, 2002, 115 Stat. 2412, provided that: "Any reference in any provision of law to the National Foreign Affairs Training Center or the Foreign Service Institute shall be considered to be a reference to the 'George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center'."

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2205(a)(2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–809, provided that: "The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1998."

Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2205(a)(3), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–809, which provided that the amendment made by section 2205(a)(3) was effective Oct. 1, 2002, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title III, §318(2), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1379.

Designation of Foreign Language Resources Coordinator

Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §192, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 419, provided that:

"(a) Policy.—It is the sense of the Congress that—

"(1) the Department of State, by virtue of the Secretary's overall responsibility under section 701(a) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4011(a) [22 U.S.C. 4021(a)]) for training and instruction in the field of foreign relations to meet the needs of all Federal agencies, should take the lead in this interagency effort; and

"(2) in order to promote efficiency and quality in the training provided by the Secretary of State and other Federal agencies, the Secretary should call upon other agencies to share in the joint management and coordination of Federal foreign language resources.

"(b) Foreign Language Resources Coordinator.—

"(1) The Secretary of State should appoint a Foreign Language Resources Coordinator (in this subsection referred to as the 'Coordinator') who shall be responsible—

"(A) for coordinating the efforts of the appropriate agencies of Government—

"(i) to strengthen mechanisms for sharing of foreign language resources; and

"(ii) to identify Federal foreign language resource requirements in the areas of diplomacy, military preparedness, international security, and other foreign policy objectives; and

"(B) for making recommendations to the Secretary of State as to which Federal foreign language assets, if any, should be made available to the private sector in support of national global economic competitiveness goals.

"(2) All appropriate United States Government agencies maintaining and utilizing Federal foreign language training and related resources shall cooperate fully with any Coordinator."

Foreign Service Institute Facilities

Pub. L. 99–93, title I, §123, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 413, as amended by Pub. L. 100–204, title I, §135, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1345; Pub. L. 102–138, title I, §124, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 659; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2219(a)(3), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–817, provided that:

"(a) Purpose.—The purpose of this section is to promote comprehensive training to meet the foreign relations and national security objectives of the United States and to provide facilities designed for that purpose to assure cost efficient training.

"(b) Construction of Training Facilities.—The Administrator of General Services may construct a consolidated training facility for the Foreign Service Institute on a site made available by the Secretary of State or acquired by the Administrator of General Services. Such site shall be located outside the District of Columbia but within reasonable proximity to the Department of State. The Administrator of General Services may carry out this subsection only to the extent that funds are provided in advance in appropriation Acts to the Department of State and are transferred to the Administrator of General Services for carrying out this section.

"(c) Use of Funds.—(1)(A) Of amounts authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State for fiscal years 1986 and 1987 for 'Administration of Foreign Affairs' by section 101(1) [Pub. L. 99–93, §101(1), which is not classified to the Code], a total of not to exceed $11,000,000 may be transferred by the Secretary of State to the Administrator of General Services for carrying out feasibility studies, site acquisition, and design, architectural, and engineering planning under subsection (b) of this section.

"(B) Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1987, the Secretary of State may transfer a total not to exceed $11,000,000 for 'Administration of Foreign Affairs' to the Administrator of General Services for carrying out feasibility studies, site preparation, and design, architectural, and engineering planning under subsection (b).

"(2) Of amounts authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1987, for 'Administration of Foreign Affairs', a total not to exceed $70,000,000 may be transferred by the Secretary of State to the Administrator of General Services for carrying out construction under subsection (b) of this section.

"(3) Funds may not be obligated for construction of a facility under this section before the end of the period of 30 days of continuous session of Congress beginning on the date on which plans and estimates developed to carry out this section are submitted to the Committees on Foreign Affairs and Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Foreign Relations and Environment and Public Works of the Senate. In determining days of continuous session of Congress for purposes of this paragraph—

"(A) continuity of session is broken only by an adjournment of Congress sine die; and

"(B) the days on which either House is not in session because of an adjournment of more than 3 days to a day certain are excluded in the determination.

If both Houses of Congress are not in session on the day any plans and estimates are submitted to such committees, such submittal shall be deemed to have been submitted on the first succeeding day on which both Houses are in session. If all such committees do not receive a submittal on the same day, such period shall not begin until the date on which all such committees have received it.

"(d) Jurisdiction and Custody.—The facility constructed under this section and the site of such facility shall be under jurisdiction and in the custody of the Administrator of General Services.

"(e) Operation, Maintenance, Security, Alteration, and Repair.—(1) The Administrator of General Services shall delegate, in accordance with section 205 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 486) [see 40 U.S.C. 121 and Historical and Revision notes thereunder] and section 15 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959 (40 U.S.C. 614) [now 40 U.S.C. 3315], to the Secretary of State responsibility for the operation, maintenance, and security of and alterations and repairs to the facility constructed pursuant to this section, provided the facility is used by the Secretary for the purposes authorized by this section.

"[(2) Repealed. Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2219(a)(3), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–817.]

"(f) Exemption From Payment of Charges.—(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Department of State shall be exempt from the charges required by section 210(j) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 490(j)) [now 40 U.S.C. 586(a), (b)] for the use of the facility constructed under this section for the Foreign Service Institute.

"(2) The Administrator of General Services shall charge the Department of State under such section 210(j) for the costs of any operation, maintenance, repairs, or alterations of such facility carried out by the Administrator of General Services."

Language Training for Family Members of Foreign Service Personnel

Pub. L. 95–105, title IV, §414, Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 857, as amended by Pub. L. 97–241, title V, §505(a)(3), (b)(1), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 299, provided that: "It is the sense of Congress that, in order to increase the effectiveness of United States diplomatic representation abroad, the Secretary of State should make greater use of his authority under section 701 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 [former section 1041 of this title] in order to increase the language training opportunities available to the family members of Foreign Service personnel."

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a period.

2 So in original. Probably should be "institution".
22 U.S.C. § 5304 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 62: INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL POLICY / Subchapter I: EXCHANGE RATES AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY COORDINATION / Section 5304: International negotiations on exchange rate and economic policies
International negotiations on exchange rate and economic policies
Status: in_force

(a) Multilateral negotiations

The President shall seek to confer and negotiate with other countries—

(1) to achieve—

(A) better coordination of macroeconomic policies of the major industrialized nations; and

(B) more appropriate and sustainable levels of trade and current account balances, and exchange rates of the dollar and other currencies consistent with such balances; and

(2) to develop a program for improving existing mechanisms for coordination and improving the functioning of the exchange rate system to provide for long-term exchange rate stability consistent with more appropriate and sustainable current account balances.

(b) Bilateral negotiations

The Secretary of the Treasury shall analyze on an annual basis the exchange rate policies of foreign countries, in consultation with the International Monetary Fund, and consider whether countries manipulate the rate of exchange between their currency and the United States dollar for purposes of preventing effective balance of payments adjustments or gaining unfair competitive advantage in international trade. If the Secretary considers that such manipulation is occurring with respect to countries that (1) have material global current account surpluses; and (2) have significant bilateral trade surpluses with the United States, the Secretary of the Treasury shall take action to initiate negotiations with such foreign countries on an expedited basis, in the International Monetary Fund or bilaterally, for the purpose of ensuring that such countries regularly and promptly adjust the rate of exchange between their currencies and the United States dollar to permit effective balance of payments adjustments and to eliminate the unfair advantage. The Secretary shall not be required to initiate negotiations in cases where such negotiations would have a serious detrimental impact on vital national economic and security interests; in such cases, the Secretary shall inform the chairman and the ranking minority member of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and of the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives of his determination.

(Pub. L. 100–418, title III, §3004, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1373.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of House of Representatives treated as referring to Committee on Banking and Financial Services of House of Representatives by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 104–14, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 2, The Congress. Committee on Banking and Financial Services of House of Representatives abolished and replaced by Committee on Financial Services of House of Representatives, and jurisdiction over matters relating to securities and exchanges and insurance generally transferred from Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Seventh Congress, Jan. 3, 2001.

Negotiations on Currency Exchange Rates

Pub. L. 100–418, title I, §1124, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1146, provided that:

"(a) Findings.—The Congress finds that—

"(1) the benefit of trade concessions can be adversely affected by misalignments in currency, and

"(2) misalignments in currency caused by government policies intended to maintain an unfair trade advantage tend to nullify and impair trade concessions.

"(b) Negotiations.—Whenever, in the course of negotiating a trade agreement under this subtitle [subtitle A (§§1101 to 1125) of title I of Pub. L. 100–418, see Tables for classification], the President is advised by the Secretary of the Treasury that a foreign country that is a party to the negotiations satisfies the criteria for initiating bilateral currency negotiations listed in section 3004(b) of this Act [22 U.S.C. 5304(b)], the Secretary of the Treasury shall take action to initiate bilateral currency negotiations on an expedited basis with such foreign country."
22 U.S.C. § 289d (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIX: INTERNATIONAL REFUGEE ORGANIZATION / Section 289d: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act July 1, 1947, ch. 185, §5, 61 Stat. 216, authorized appropriations in the form of advance contributions to the Preparatory Commission of the Organization during the interim period between July 1, 1947 and the coming into force of the constitution of the Organization.
22 U.S.C. § 252 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 6: FOREIGN DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR OFFICERS / Section 252: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-393, §3(a)(1), Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 808
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-393, §3(a)(1), Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 808
Status: repealed

Section 252, R.S. §4063, related to the immunity of any ambassador or public minister of any foreign prince or State, or any domestic or domestic servant of any such minister against arrest, imprisonment, or seizure of his goods or chattels.

Section 253, R.S. §4064, related to imprisonment for not more than three years of anyone suing out a writ or process in violation of the provisions of former section 252 of this title, granting diplomatic immunity to certain persons.

Section 254, R.S. §§4065, 4066, related to suits against persons in the service of an ambassador or public minister founded upon a debt contracted before entering such service, and registration of the names of persons serving as domestic servants of an ambassador or a public minister with the State Department.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective at end of ninety-day period beginning on Sept. 30, 1978, see section 9 of Pub. L. 95–393, set out as an Effective Date note under section 254a of this title.

Insurance Coverage of Diplomatic Missions to United States; Reports to Speaker of House of Representatives and President of Senate

Pub. L. 95–148, title V, §510(1), (2), Oct. 31, 1977, 91 Stat. 1240, provided that it was the sense of the Congress that the Secretary of State should prepare and submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the President of the Senate: (1) not later than six months after Oct. 31, 1977, a report on the adequacy of insurance provided by the accredited diplomatic missions to the United States to cover loss or injury arising from the wrongful acts or omissions of the employees of such missions in the United States; and (2) not later than one year after Oct. 31, 1977, a report on what efforts the President and the Secretary of State had made to encourage the provision of such coverage.
22 U.S.C. § 2455 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 33: MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAM / Section 2455: Appropriations
Appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) Availability

Amounts appropriated to carry out the purposes of this chapter are authorized to be made available until expended.

(b) Acquisition of foreign currencies

Funds appropriated for programs under this chapter may, without regard to section 3651 1 of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 543), be used for the acquisition from any source of foreign currencies in such amounts as may be necessary for current expenditures and for grants, including grants to foundations and commissions in accordance with international agreements providing for the accomplishment of the purposes of this chapter.

(c) Transfer of funds

Moneys appropriated to any department or agency of the Government in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter for research, technical aid, and educational and cultural programs, may be transferred by the President to any other appropriation available for like purposes, but no appropriation authorized by this chapter shall be increased or decreased by more than 10 per centum by reason of transfers pursuant to this subsection.

(d) Reserve and use of certain funds

The President is authorized—

(1) to reserve in such amounts and for such periods as he shall determine to be necessary to provide for the programs authorized by subsections (a)(1), (2)(i) of section 2452 of this title, and

(2) notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, to use in such amounts as may from time to time be specified in appropriation Acts, to the extent that such use is not restricted by agreement with the foreign nations concerned, for any programs authorized by this chapter,

any currencies of foreign nations received or to be received by the United States or any agency thereof—

(i) under agreements disposing of surplus property or settling lend-lease and other war accounts concluded after World War II;

(ii) as the proceeds of sales or loan repayments, including interest, for transactions heretofore or hereafter effected under the Food for Peace Act, as amended [7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.];

(iii) in repayment of principal or interest on any other credit extended or loan heretofore or hereafter made by the United States or any agency thereof; or

(iv) as deposits to the account of the United States pursuant to section 1513(b)(6) 1 or section 1513(h) 1 of this title, or any similar provision of any other law.

(e) Reservation and use of sums due or paid by the Republic of Finland

The Director of the United States Information Agency is further authorized to reserve and use for educational and cultural exchange programs and other activities authorized in subsections (a) and (b) of section 2452 of this title, in relation to Finland and the people of Finland, all sums due or paid on and after August 24, 1949, by the Republic of Finland to the United States as interest on or in retirement of the principal of the debt incurred under the Act of February 25, 1919, as refunded by the agreement dated May 1, 1923, pursuant to the authority contained in the Act of February 9, 1922, or of any other indebtedness incurred by that Republic and owing to the United States as a result of World War I.

(f) Contribution of funds, property, and services by foreign governments, international organizations, and private individuals, firms, associations, and agencies

Foreign governments, international organizations and private individuals, firms, associations, agencies, and other groups shall be encouraged to participate to the maximum extent feasible in carrying out this chapter and to make contributions of funds, property, and services which the President is authorized to accept, to be utilized to carry out the purposes of this chapter. Funds made available for the purposes of this chapter may be used to contribute toward meeting the expenses of activities carried out through normal private channels, by private means, and through foreign governments and international organizations.

(g) Currency exchanges

Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, there are authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of making currency exchanges under section 2452(b)(10) of this title, not to exceed $10,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, and not to exceed $15,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1969.

(Pub. L. 87–256, §105, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 531; Pub. L. 89–698, title II, §203(c), Oct. 29, 1966, 80 Stat. 1072; 1977 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §7(a)(2), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637; Pub. L. 97–241, title III, §303(b), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 291; Pub. L. 103–236, title II, §227, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 423; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(S), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820, 1821.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) to (d), (f), and (g), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–256, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 527, known as the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2451 of this title and Tables.

Section 3651 of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 543), referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, §5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068, the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

The Food for Peace Act, as amended, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(ii), is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified principally to chapter 41 (§1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables.

Sections 1513(b)(6) and 1513(h) of this title, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(iv), were repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a), 68 Stat. 861.

The acts of February 25, 1919, and February 9, 1922, referred to in subsec. (e), are not classified to the Code.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (d)(2)(ii). Pub. L. 110–246 substituted "Food for Peace Act" for "Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954".

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–236 amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: "Appropriations to carry out the purposes of this chapter, to remain available until expended, are authorized, and this authorization includes the authority to grant, in any appropriation Act, the authority to enter into contracts, within the amounts so authorized, creating obligations in advance of appropriations."

1966—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 89–698 added subsec. (g).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.

Transfer of Functions

United States Information Agency (other than Broadcasting Board of Governors and International Broadcasting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title. "Director of the United States Information Agency" substituted for "Director of the International Communication Agency" in subsec. (e), pursuant to section 303(b) of Pub. L. 97–241, title III, Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 291, set out as a note under section 1461 of this title. Previously, "Director of the International Communication Agency" substituted for "President" in subsec. (e), pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1977, §7(a)(2), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637, set out under section 1461 of this title, effective on or before July 1, 1978, at such time as specified by President, which transferred functions vested in President, Secretary of State, Department of State, United States Information Agency or Director thereof, under this chapter, to Director of International Communication Agency, except (A) for such functions as are vested by subsecs. (a), (b), and (c) of this section, sections 2452(b)(6), (10), 2454(a), (e)(1), (2), (f), (g), 2456(a) and 2458 of this title, (B) for such functions as are vested by subsecs. (d)(2) and (f) of this section, sections 2454(b) and 2456(d), (f) of this title, to the extent that such functions were assigned to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare [now Secretary of Education] immediately prior to effective date of Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1977, and (C) for such functions as are vested by section 2456(b), (c) of this title to the extent that any such function therein is vested in President or Secretary of State.

Increase in Grants for Exchange-of-Persons Activities; Funds for Specific Programs, Reductions, Other Use of Funds, Report to Congressional Committees

Pub. L. 97–241, title III, §305(c), (d), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 294, provided that the amount obligated by United States Information Agency each fiscal year for grants for exchange-of-persons activities should be increased, through regular annual increases, so that by fiscal year 1986 the amount obligated for such grants would at least double (in terms of constant dollars) the amount obligated for such grants for fiscal year 1982 and in furtherance of this purpose provided for appropriations for the United States Information Agency for fiscal year 1983.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions of President under this section delegated to Secretary of State, Director of United States Information Agency, Secretary of Commerce, and Secretary of Education, see Ex. Ord. No. 11034, June 25, 1962, 27 F.R. 6071, set out as a note under section 2454 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 2023 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 28: INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PARTICIPATION / Section 2023: Actions and votes of representatives
Actions and votes of representatives
Status: in_force

The representatives provided for in section 2021 of this title, when representing the United States in the organs of the Agency, shall, at all times, act in accordance with the instructions of the President, and such representatives shall, in accordance with such instructions, cast any and all votes under the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

(Pub. L. 85–177, §4, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 454.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Authority Under This Section

Authority under this section to terminate if Senate refuses its advice and consent by a formal vote to an amendment to the Statute of the Agency, see section 2026 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 285y (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIV: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 285y: Additional contribution to special funds; authorization of appropriations
Additional contribution to special funds; authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a)(1) The United States Governor of the Bank is authorized to contribute on behalf of the United States $520,000,000 to the Asian Development Fund, a special fund of the Bank.

(2) Any commitment to make the contribution authorized in paragraph (1) shall be made subject to obtaining the necessary appropriations.

(b) In order to pay for the United States contribution to the Asian Development Fund provided for in this section, there are authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, $520,000,000 for payment by the Secretary of the Treasury.

(Pub. L. 89–369, §28, as added Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title X, §1002], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1286.)
22 U.S.C. § 6417 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 73: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM / Subchapter I: DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTIVITIES / Section 6417: Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom concerns
Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom concerns
Status: in_force

(a) Sense of Congress

To encourage involvement with religious freedom concerns at every possible opportunity and by all appropriate representatives of the United States Government, it is the sense of the Congress that officials of the executive branch of Government should promote increased advocacy on such issues during meetings between foreign dignitaries and executive branch officials or Members of Congress.

(b) Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom concerns

The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Ambassador at Large, the Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, United States chiefs of mission abroad, regional experts, and nongovernmental human rights and religious groups, shall prepare and maintain issue briefs on religious freedom, on a country-by-country basis, consisting of lists of persons believed to be imprisoned, detained, or placed under house arrest for their religious activities, religious freedom advocacy, or efforts to protect and advance the universally recognized right to the freedom of religion, together with brief evaluations and critiques of the policies of the respective country restricting religious freedom. In considering the inclusion of names of prisoners on such lists, the Secretary of State shall exercise appropriate discretion, including concerns regarding the safety, security, and benefit to such prisoners.

(c) Availability of information

The Secretary shall make available religious freedom issue briefs under subsection (b) to executive branch officials and Members of Congress in anticipation of bilateral contacts with foreign leaders, both in the United States and abroad.

(d) Victims list maintained by the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

(1) In general

The Commission shall make publicly available, to the extent practicable, online and in official publications, lists of persons it determines are imprisoned or detained, have disappeared, been placed under house arrest, been tortured, or subjected to forced renunciations of faith for their religious activity or religious freedom advocacy by the government of a foreign country that the Commission recommends for designation as a country of particular concern for religious freedom under section 6442(b)(1)(A)(ii) of this title or by a non-state actor that the Commission recommends for designation as an entity of particular concern for religious freedom under section 6442a of this title and include as much publicly available information as practicable on the conditions and circumstances of such persons.

(2) Discretion

In compiling lists under paragraph (1), the Commission shall exercise all appropriate discretion, including consideration of the safety and security of, and benefit to, the persons who may be included on the lists and the families of such persons.

(Pub. L. 105–292, title I, §108, Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2796; Pub. L. 114–281, title I, §104, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1432.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2016—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–281, §104(1), substituted "activities, religious freedom advocacy, or efforts to protect and advance the universally recognized right to the freedom of religion," for "faith,".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–281, §104(2), substituted "make available" for ", as appropriate, provide".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–281, §104(3), added subsec. (d).
22 U.S.C. § 2198 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2198: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-254, div. F, title VI, §1464(2), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3513
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-254, div. F, title VI, §1464(2), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3513
Status: repealed

Section 2198, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §238, as added Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 815; amended Pub. L. 92–226, pt. I, §104(a), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 97–65, §7, Oct. 16, 1981, 95 Stat. 1024; Pub. L. 99–204, §17(a), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1676; Pub. L. 102–549, title I, §106, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3653; Pub. L. 108–158, §§4(b), 5(b), Dec. 3, 2003, 117 Stat. 1950, defined terms as used in this subpart.

Section 2199, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §239, as added Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 816; amended Pub. L. 92–226, pt. I, §104(b), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 92–310, title II, §227(d), June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 207; Pub. L. 93–390, §2(5), Aug. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 768; Pub. L. 95–268, §§7, 8, Apr. 24, 1978, 92 Stat. 215, 216; Pub. L. 95–598, title III, §318, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2678; Pub. L. 96–327, Aug. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1026; Pub. L. 97–65, §8, Oct. 16, 1981, 95 Stat. 1024; Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, §705(b)(2), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1545; Pub. L. 99–204, §§4(c), 11–13, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1670, 1673, 1674; Pub. L. 100–461, title V, §555, Oct. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2268–36; Pub. L. 101–167, title V, §597(a), Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1257; Pub. L. 101–179, title III, §302(a), Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1311; Pub. L. 101–513, title V, §576(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2044; Pub. L. 102–549, title I, §107, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3654; Pub. L. 105–118, title V, §579(a), Nov. 26, 1997, 111 Stat. 2435; Pub. L. 108–271, §8(b), July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 814, related to general provisions and powers.

Section 2200, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §240, as added Pub. L. 95–268, §9, Apr. 24, 1978, 92 Stat. 216; amended Pub. L. 99–204, §9(b)(3), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1673; Pub. L. 108–158, §6(a), Dec. 3, 2003, 117 Stat. 1950, related to small business development in less developed friendly countries or areas; encouragement by other Federal departments, etc., of broadened participation by United States small business cooperatives and investors; project funding.

A prior section 2200, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §240, as added Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 817; amended Pub. L. 92–226, pt. I, §104(c), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 93–189, §6(2), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 93–390, §2(6), Aug. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 768, provided for agricultural credit and self-help community development projects in Latin America, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 93–559, §8(b), Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1797. See section 2182a of this title.

Section 2200a, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §240A, as added Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 818; amended Pub. L. 93–390, §2(7), Aug. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 768; Pub. L. 95–268, §10, Apr. 24, 1978, 92 Stat. 216; Pub. L. 97–65, §9, formerly §9(a), Oct. 16, 1981, 95 Stat. 1024, renumbered §9, Pub. L. 99–204, §17(c)(1), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1677; Pub. L. 99–204, §14(a), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1674; Pub. L. 100–461, title V, §555, Oct. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2268–36; Pub. L. 102–549, title I, §108, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3654, required report to Congress after the end of each fiscal year.

Section 2200b, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §240B, as added Pub. L. 102–549, title I, §109, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3654, related to prohibition on noncompetitive awarding of insurance contracts on OPIC supported exports.

A prior section 2200b, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §240B, as added Pub. L. 97–65, §10, Oct. 16, 1981, 95 Stat. 1024, related to return of appropriated funds, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–204, §15, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1676.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective at the end of the transition period, as defined in section 9681 of this title, see section 9684 of this title.

Report to Congress Not Later Than June 30, 1982, on Methods for Estimating the Impact on Investments if Insurance or Other Support is Not Provided

Pub. L. 97–65, §9(b), Oct. 16, 1981, 95 Stat. 1024, which provided for a report to Congress by the Overseas Private Investment Corporation on the effect on investments of lack of insurance, was repealed by Pub. L. 99–204, §17(c)(2), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1677.
22 U.S.C. § 2319 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2319: Repealed. Pub. L. 93-189, §12(b)(5), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 722
Repealed. Pub. L. 93-189, §12(b)(5), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 722
Status: repealed

Section 2319, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §507, formerly §§505(b), 511, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 436, 438; amended Pub. L. 88–205, pt. II, §202(d), Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 384; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. II, §201(c), (h), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 656, 658; renumbered §507 and amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. II §201(k), (l), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 457; Pub. L. 90–554, pt. II, §201(c), Oct. 8, 1968, 82 Stat. 963; Pub. L. 92–226, pt. II, §201(e), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 25, placed certain restrictions on military aid to Latin America.

Section 2320, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §508, formerly §512, as added Pub. L. 88–205, pt. II, §202(e), Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 384; amended Pub. L. 86–633, pt. II, §201(f), Oct. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1012; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. II, §201(i), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 658; Pub. L. 89–583, pt. II, §201(e), Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 803; renumbered §508 and amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. II, §201(m), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 457; Pub. L. 90–554, pt. II, §201(d), Oct. 8, 1968, 82 Stat. 963, placed certain restrictions on military aid to African countries.

Section 2321, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §509, formerly §513, as added Pub. L. 88–633, pt. II, §201(g), Oct. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1012; renumbered §509 and amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. II, §201(n), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 457, provided for the giving of certification of recipients' capabilities to utilize defense articles effectively and for the making of a report to the Speaker of the House and the Senate's Foreign Relations and Appropriations Committees whenever articles are furnished without such certification.
22 U.S.C. § 4042 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY / Section 4042: Maintenance of Fund
Maintenance of Fund
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury shall maintain the special fund known as the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund (hereinafter in this part referred to as the "Fund"), originally created by section 18 of the Act of May 24, 1924 (43 Stat. 144).

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §802, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2102; Pub. L. 99–335, title IV, §402(a)(2), June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 609.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 18 of the Act of May 24, 1924 (43 Stat. 144), referred to in text, which was classified to section 21 of this title, was repealed by act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, §1131(44), 60 Stat. 1038.

Amendments

1986—Pub. L. 99–335 substituted "part" for "subchapter".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–335 effective Jan. 1, 1987, see section 702(a) of Pub. L. 99–335, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8401 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 283x (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XII: INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 283x: Subscription to additional shares; authorization of appropriations
Subscription to additional shares; authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) The United States Governor of the Bank is hereby authorized to vote for an additional increase of one hundred and eight thousand shares of $10,000 par value in the authorized callable capital stock of the Bank as recommended in the resolution of the Board of Governors entitled "Increase of US$4 Billion in the Authorized Capital Stock and Subscriptions Thereto." Upon adoption of a Board of Governors resolution increasing the authorized capital stock of the Bank by such amount, the United States Governor is authorized to agree on behalf of the United States to subscribe to thirty-seven thousand three hundred and three shares of $10,000 par value of such additional increase in callable capital in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions of such resolution.

(b) In order to pay for the increase in the United States subscription to the Bank provided for in this section, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, $450,002,218 for payment by the Secretary of the Treasury.

(Pub. L. 86–147, §27, as added Pub. L. 94–302, title I, §101, May 31, 1976, 90 Stat. 591.)
22 U.S.C. § 10003 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 107: SUDAN DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND FISCAL TRANSPARENCY / Section 10003: Support for democratic governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms
Support for democratic governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms
Status: in_force

(a) Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that the political transition in Sudan, following several months of popular protests against the regime of Omar al-Bashir, represents an opportunity for the United States to support democracy, good governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms in Sudan.

(b) In general

Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. and 2346 et seq.)—

(1) to provide for democracy and governance programs that strengthen and build the capacity of representative civilian government institutions, political parties, and civil society in Sudan;

(2) to support the organization of free, fair, and credible elections in Sudan;

(3) to provide technical support for legal and policy reforms that improve transparency and accountability and protect human rights, including religious freedom, and civil liberties in Sudan;

(4) to support human rights and fundamental freedoms in Sudan, including the freedoms of—

(A) religion or belief;

(B) expression, including for members of the press;

(C) assembly; and

(D) association;

(5) to support measures to improve and increase women's participation in the political, economic, and social sectors of Sudan; and

(6) to support other related democracy, good governance, rule of law, and fundamental freedom programs and activities.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. and 2346 et seq.) for fiscal years 2021 and 2022, $20,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for each such fiscal year to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, §1264, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3969.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (b), is div. A of Pub. L. 106–386, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1466, which is classified principally to chapter 78 (§7101 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7101 of this title and Tables.

The Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (b), is title IV of Pub. L. 110–457, Dec. 23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5087, which is classified principally to sections 2370c to 2370c–2 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2008 Amendment note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424. Part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Act are classified generally to part I (§2151 et seq.) of subchapter I and part IV (§2346 et seq.) of subchapter II, respectively, of chapter 32 of this title. For provisions deeming references to part I of subchapter I to include a reference to section 2293 of this title, see section 2293(d)(1) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 866 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IV: PERSONNEL CATEGORIES AND SALARIES / Section 866: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section 866, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IV, §411, 60 Stat. 1002; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §2, 70 Stat. 704; Aug. 14, 1964, Pub. L. 88–426, title III, §306(b), 78 Stat. 428, related to chiefs of missions.

Section 867, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IV, §412, 60 Stat. 1003; July 6, 1949, ch. 300, §1(a), 63 Stat. 407; Aug. 5, 1955, ch. 576, §4, 69 Stat. 537; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §3, 70 Stat. 704; June 20, 1958, Pub. L. 85–462, §6(a)(1), (2), 72 Stat. 211; July 1, 1960, Pub. L. 86–568, title I, §113(a), (b), 74 Stat. 299; Oct. 11, 1962, Pub. L. 87–793, §902, 76 Stat. 861; Aug. 14, 1964, Pub. L. 88–426, title I, §119, 78 Stat. 411; Oct. 29, 1965, Pub. L. 89–301, §8(a), 79 Stat. 1118; July 18, 1966, Pub. L. 89–504, title I, §106(a), 80 Stat. 292; Dec. 16, 1967, Pub. L. 90–206, title II, §209(a), 81 Stat. 632; Ex. Ord. No. 11413, June 11, 1968, 33 F.R. 8641; Ex. Ord. No. 11474, June 16, 1969, 34 F.R. 9605; Ex. Ord. No. 11524, Apr. 15, 1970, 35 F.R. 6547; Ex. Ord. No. 11576, Jan. 8, 1971, 36 F.R. 347; Ex. Ord. No. 11637, Dec. 22, 1971, 36 F.R. 24911; Ex. Ord. No. 11691, Dec. 15, 1972, 37 F.R. 27607; Ex. Ord. No. 11739, Oct. 3, 1973, 38 F.R. 27581; Ex. Ord. No. 11811, Oct. 7, 1974, 39 F.R. 3602; Ex. Ord. No. 11883, Oct. 6, 1975, 40 F.R. 47091; Ex. Ord. No. 11941, Oct. 1, 1976, 41 F.R. 43889; Ex. Ord. No. 12010, Sept. 28, 1977, 42 F.R. 52365; Ex. Ord. No. 12087, Oct. 7, 1978, 43 F.R. 46823; Ex. Ord. No. 12165, Oct. 9, 1979, 44 F.R. 58671; Ex. Ord. No. 12200, Mar. 12, 1980, 45 F.R. 16443; Ex. Ord. No. 12248, Oct. 16, 1980, 45 F.R. 69199, related to classes of officers and table respecting per annum salary.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.

Increase in Rate of Per Annum Salary of Foreign Service Officers

Pub. L. 95–105, title IV, §412(b), Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 856, increasing the amount of each rate of per annum salary in classes 5 through 8 of Foreign Service Officers, in the table contained in section 867, by $250, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–426, title IV, §410, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 980.
22 U.S.C. § 8927 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 96A: UKRAINE FREEDOM SUPPORT / Section 8927: Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet Union
Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet Union
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than 90 days after December 18, 2014, the Chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall submit to Congress a plan, including a cost estimate, for immediately and substantially increasing, and maintaining through fiscal year 2017, the quantity of Russian-language broadcasting into the countries of the former Soviet Union funded by the United States in order to counter Russian Federation propaganda.

(b) Prioritization of broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova

The plan required by subsection (a) shall prioritize broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova by the Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.

(c) Additional priorities

In developing the plan required by subsection (a), the Chairman shall consider—

(1) near-term increases in Russian-language broadcasting for countries of the former Soviet Union (other than the countries specified in subsection (b)), including Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia; and

(2) increases in broadcasting in other critical languages, including Ukrainian and Romanian languages.

(d) Broadcasting defined

In this section, the term "broadcasting" means the distribution of media content via radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, and Internet-based platforms, among other platforms.

(e) Authorization of appropriations

(1) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Broadcasting Board of Governors $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2018 to carry out activities under this section.

(2) Supplement not supplant

Amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) shall supplement and not supplant other amounts made available for activities described in this section.

(Pub. L. 113–272, §8, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2964.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(21) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
22 U.S.C. § 5464 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 63: SUPPORT FOR EAST EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY (SEED) / Subchapter V: ADDITIONAL SEED PROGRAM ACTIONS / Section 5464: Economic and commercial officers at United States embassies and missions in Poland and Hungary
Economic and commercial officers at United States embassies and missions in Poland and Hungary
Status: in_force

It is the sense of the Congress that, to the extent practicable—

(1) the United States Embassy in Budapest, Hungary, should be assigned one additional economic and commercial officer;

(2) the United States Embassy in Warsaw, Poland, should be assigned one additional economic officer and one additional commercial officer;

(3) the United States Trade Center in Warsaw, Poland, should be assigned one additional economic and commercial officer; and

(4) the United States mission in Krakow, Poland, should be assigned one additional economic and commercial officer.

(Pub. L. 101–179, title VI, §604, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1320.)
22 U.S.C. § 3963 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IV: COMPENSATION / Section 3963: Foreign Service Schedule
Foreign Service Schedule
Status: in_force

The President shall establish a Foreign Service Schedule which shall consist of 9 salary classes and which shall apply to members of the Service who are citizens of the United States and for whom salary rates are not otherwise provided for by this subchapter. The maximum salary rate for the highest class established under this section, which shall be designated class 1, may not exceed the maximum rate of basic pay prescribed for GS–15 of the General Schedule under section 5332 of title 5. Salary rates established under this section shall be adjusted in accordance with section 5303 of title 5.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §403, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2088; Pub. L. 101–509, title V, §529 [title I, §101(b)(1)], Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1427, 1439.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1990—Pub. L. 101–509 substituted "section 5303" for "subchapter I of chapter 53".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–509 effective on such date as the President shall determine, but not earlier than 90 days, and not later than 180 days, after Nov. 5, 1990, see section 529 [title I, §305] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out as a note under section 5301 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Effective Date

Section effective Feb. 15, 1981, except that for purposes of implementing section 4151 of this title it is effective Oct. 17, 1980, see section 2403(a) and (d)(2) of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.

Executive Documents

Executive Order No. 12249

Ex. Ord. No. 12249, Oct. 25, 1980, 45 F.R. 71347, which provided for a Foreign Service Schedule, was superseded by Ex. Ord. No. 12330, Oct. 15, 1981, 46 F.R. 50921, formerly set out as a note under section 5332 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Adjustment of Foreign Service Schedule

For adjustment of Foreign Service Schedule pay rates under this section, see the executive order detailing the adjustment of certain rates of pay set out as a note under section 5332 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 8573 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 92: COMPREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND DIVESTMENT / Subchapter VI: STOP HARBORING IRANIAN PETROLEUM / Section 8573: Report on Iranian petroleum and petroleum products exports
Report on Iranian petroleum and petroleum products exports
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than 120 days after April 24, 2024, and annually thereafter until the date described in subsection (d), the Administrator of the Energy Information Administration shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report describing Iran's growing exports of petroleum and petroleum products, that includes the following:

(1) An analysis of Iran's exports and sale of petroleum and petroleum products, including—

(A) an estimate of Iran's petroleum export and sale revenue per year since 2018;

(B) an estimate of Iran's petroleum export and sale revenue to China per year since 2018;

(C) the amount of petroleum and crude oil barrels exported per year since 2018;

(D) the amount of petroleum and crude oil barrels exported to China per year since 2018;

(E) the amount of petroleum and crude oil barrels exported to countries other than China per year since 2018;

(F) the average price per petroleum and crude oil barrel exported per year since 2018; and

(G) the average price per petroleum and crude oil barrel exported to China per year since 2018.

(2) An analysis of Iran's labeling practices of exported petroleum and petroleum products.

(3) A description of companies involved in the exporting and sale of Iranian petroleum and petroleum products.

(4) A description of ships involved in the exporting and sale of Iranian petroleum and petroleum products.

(5) A description of ports involved in the exporting and sale of Iranian petroleum and petroleum products.

(b) Form

The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

(c) Publication

The unclassified portion of the report required by subsection (a) shall be posted on a publicly available website of the Energy Information Administration.

(d) Termination

The requirement to submit reports under this section shall be terminated on the date on which the President makes the certification described in section 8572(i) of this title.

(Pub. L. 118–50, div. J, §4, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 967.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum Act, also known as the SHIP Act, and not as part of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 which comprises this chapter.
22 U.S.C. § 2303 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2303: Repealed. Pub. L. 104-164, title I, §104(b)(2)(A), July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1426
Repealed. Pub. L. 104-164, title I, §104(b)(2)(A), July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1426
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §502A, as added Pub. L. 93–189, §12(a), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 720, directed that excess defense articles be provided whenever possible rather than new items.
22 U.S.C. § 3791 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3791: Prescription of measurement rules and rates of tolls
Prescription of measurement rules and rates of tolls
Status: in_force

The Commission may, subject to the provisions of this chapter, prescribe and from time to time change—

(1) the rules for the measurement of vessels for the Panama Canal; and

(2) the tolls that shall be levied for use of the Panama Canal.

(Pub. L. 96–70, title I, §1601, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 489; Pub. L. 104–106, div. C, title XXXV, §3527, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 641.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 96–70, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 452, known as the Panama Canal Act of 1979, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3601 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1996—Pub. L. 104–106 reenacted section catchline without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:

"(a) The President is authorized, subject to the provisions of this part, to prescribe and from time to time change—

"(1) the rules for the measurement of vessels for the Panama Canal; and

"(2) the tolls that shall be levied for the use of the Canal.

"(b) Such rules of measurement and tolls prevailing on October 1, 1979, shall continue in effect until changed as provided in this part."
22 U.S.C. § 2507e (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 34: THE PEACE CORPS / Section 2507e: Volunteer feedback and Peace Corps review
Volunteer feedback and Peace Corps review
Status: in_force

(a) Monitoring and evaluation

Not later than 1 year after November 21, 2011, the President shall establish goals, metrics, and monitoring and evaluation plans for all Peace Corps programs. Monitoring and evaluation plans shall incorporate best practices from monitoring and evaluation studies and analyses.

(b) Performance plans and elements

The President shall establish performance plans with performance elements and standards for Peace Corps representatives, ensure that each such plan includes a consideration of the results, with respect to each such representative and the country of service of each such representative, of each survey conducted under subsection (c),,1 and review the performance of Peace Corps representatives not less than annually to determine whether they have met these performance elements and standards. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as limiting the discretion of the President to remove a Peace Corps representative.

(c) Annual volunteer surveys

Annually through September 30, 2023, the President shall conduct a confidential survey of volunteers regarding the effectiveness of Peace Corps programs and staff and the safety of volunteers. The results shall be provided in aggregate form without identifying information to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. Results from the annual volunteer survey shall be considered in reviewing the performance of Peace Corps representatives under subsection (b). The President shall publish, on a publicly available website of the Peace Corps, a report summarizing the results of each survey related to volunteer satisfaction in each country in which volunteers serve, and the early termination rate of volunteers serving in each such country. The information published shall be posted in an easily accessible place near the description of the appropriate country and shall be written in an easily understood manner.

(d) Peace Corps Inspector General

The Inspector General of the Peace Corps shall—

(1) submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives—

(A) a report, not later than one year after November 21, 2011, and biennially through September 30, 2018, on reports received from volunteers relating to misconduct, mismanagement, or policy violations of Peace Corps staff, any breaches of the confidentiality of volunteers, and any actions taken to assure the safety of volunteers who provide such reports;

(B) a report, not later than two years and five years after November 21, 2011, evaluating the effectiveness and implementation of the sexual assault risk-reduction and response training developed under section 2507a of this title and the sexual assault policy developed under section 2507b of this title, including a case review of a statistically significant number of cases; and

(C) a report, not later than two years after November 21, 2011, describing how Peace Corps representatives are hired, how Peace Corps representatives are terminated, and how Peace Corps representatives hire staff, including an assessment of the implementation of the performance plans described in subsection (b); and

(2) when conducting audits or evaluations of Peace Corps programs overseas, notify the Director of the Peace Corps about the results of such evaluations, including concerns the Inspector General has noted, if any, about the performance of Peace Corps representatives, for appropriate action.

(e) Portfolio reviews

(1) In general

The President shall, at least once every 3 years, perform a review to evaluate the allocation and delivery of resources across the countries the Peace Corps serves or is considering for service. Such portfolio reviews shall at a minimum include the following with respect to each such country:

(A) An evaluation of the country's commitment to the Peace Corps program.

(B) An analysis of the safety and security of volunteers.

(C) An evaluation of the country's need for assistance.

(D) An analysis of country program costs.

(E) An evaluation of the effectiveness of management of each post within a country.

(F) An evaluation of the country's congruence with the Peace Corp's 2 mission and strategic priorities.

(2) Briefing

Upon request of the Chairman and Ranking Member of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate or the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the President shall brief such committees on each portfolio review required under paragraph (1). If requested, each such briefing shall discuss performance measures and sources of data used (such as project status reports, volunteer surveys, impact studies, reports of Inspector General of the Peace Corps, and any relevant external sources) in making the findings and conclusions in such review.

(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, §8E, as added Pub. L. 112–57, §2, Nov. 21, 2011, 125 Stat. 740; amended Pub. L. 115–256, title II, §202, Oct. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 3654.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–256, §202(1), inserted ", ensure that each such plan includes a consideration of the results, with respect to each such representative and the country of service of each such representative, of each survey conducted under subsection (c)," after "standards for Peace Corps representatives" and substituted ", and review" for "and shall review".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–256, §202(2), substituted "2023" for "2018" and "subsection (b)" for "subsection (a)" and inserted at end "The President shall publish, on a publicly available website of the Peace Corps, a report summarizing the results of each survey related to volunteer satisfaction in each country in which volunteers serve, and the early termination rate of volunteers serving in each such country. The information published shall be posted in an easily accessible place near the description of the appropriate country and shall be written in an easily understood manner."

1 So in original.

2 So in original. Probably should be "Corps' ".
22 U.S.C. § 2871 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 43: INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING / Section 2871: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-236, title III, §310(e), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 442
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-236, title III, §310(e), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 442
Status: repealed

Section 2871, Pub. L. 93–129, §2, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 457; Pub. L. 95–105, title III, §302(a), Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 851; Pub. L. 99–93, title III, §303(a), Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 434; Pub. L. 101–246, title III, §304, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 64, provided congressional findings and declaration of purpose.

Section 2872, Pub. L. 93–129, §3, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 457; Pub. L. 94–350, title III, §302(a), (b), July 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 832; Pub. L. 95–105, title III, §302(b), Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 851; Pub. L. 95–426, title III, §303, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 976; Pub. L. 97–241, title IV, §403(b), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 296, established Board for International Broadcasting.

Section 2873, Pub. L. 93–129, §4, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 458; Pub. L. 94–350, title III, §302(c), July 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 833; Pub. L. 95–105, title III, §302(c), Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 851; Pub. L. 95–426, title III, §304(a), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 976; Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §315(c), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 445, provided for functions of Board.

Section 2874, Pub. L. 93–129, §5, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 459; Pub. L. 95–105, title III, §302(d), Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 852; Pub. L. 95–426, title III, §305, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 976, set forth recordkeeping requirements for RFE/RL, Incorporated.

Section 2875, Pub. L. 93–129, §6, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 459; Pub. L. 99–93, title III, §305(a), Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 436, related to duties of Secretary of State to assist Board.

Section 2876, Pub. L. 93–129, §7, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 459; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, authorized Board to receive and use contributions from public.

Section 2877, Pub. L. 93–129, §8, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 460; Pub. L. 93–392, Aug. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 781; Pub. L. 94–104, §1, Oct. 6, 1975, 89 Stat. 508; Pub. L. 94–350, title III, §301, July 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 832; Pub. L. 95–105, title III, §301, Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 851; Pub. L. 95–426, title III, §§301(a), 302, 306, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 975, 976; Pub. L. 96–60, title III, §302, Aug. 15, 1979, 93 Stat. 402; Pub. L. 97–241, title I, §112(c), title IV, §402, Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 278, 296; Pub. L. 98–164, title III, §§302, 303, Nov. 22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1036; Pub. L. 99–93, title III, §§301(a), 302, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 434; Pub. L. 100–204, title V, §§501(a), 502, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1383; Pub. L. 101–246, title III, §301(a), Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 63; Pub. L. 102–138, title II, §§241, 242, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 704, authorized appropriations to carry out this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Aug. 11, 1995, see former section 6209(e) of this title as enacted by Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §310, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 442, and Cong. Rec., vol. 141, pt. 16, p. 23371, Aug. 11, 1995.

Short Title

Pub. L. 93–129, §1, Oct. 19, 1973, 87 Stat. 456, provided that Pub. L. 93–129 (enacting this chapter) could be cited as the "Board for International Broadcasting Act of 1973", prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §310(e), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 442.
22 U.S.C. § 7602 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Section 7602: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1) AIDS

The term "AIDS" means the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

(2) Appropriate congressional committees

The term "appropriate congressional committees" means the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

(3) Global AIDS Coordinator

The term "Global AIDS Coordinator" means the Coordinator of United States Government Activities to Combat HIV/AIDS Globally.

(4) Global Fund

The term "Global Fund" means the public-private partnership known as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria established pursuant to Article 80 of the Swiss Civil Code.

(5) HIV

The term "HIV" means the human immunodeficiency virus, the pathogen that causes AIDS.

(6) HIV/AIDS

The term "HIV/AIDS" means, with respect to an individual, an individual who is infected with HIV or living with AIDS.

(7) Impact evaluation research

The term "impact evaluation research" means the application of research methods and statistical analysis to measure the extent to which change in a population-based outcome can be attributed to program intervention instead of other environmental factors.

(8) Operations research

The term "operations research" means the application of social science research methods, statistical analysis, and other appropriate scientific methods to judge, compare, and improve policies and program outcomes, from the earliest stages of defining and designing programs through their development and implementation, with the objective of the rapid dissemination of conclusions and concrete impact on programming.

(9) Paraprofessional

The term "paraprofessional" means an individual who is trained and employed as a health agent for the provision of basic assistance in the identification, prevention, or treatment of illness or disability.

(10) Partner government

The term "partner government" means a government with which the United States is working to provide assistance to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, or malaria on behalf of people living within the jurisdiction of such government.

(11) Program monitoring

The term "program monitoring" means the collection, analysis, and use of routine program data to determine—

(A) how well a program is carried out; and

(B) how much the program costs.

(12) Relevant executive branch agencies

The term "relevant executive branch agencies" means the Department of State, the United States Agency for International Development, and any other department or agency of the United States that participates in international HIV/AIDS activities pursuant to the authorities of such department or agency or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.].

(Pub. L. 108–25, §3, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 110–293, §3, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2921.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 108–25, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 711, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7601 of this title and Tables.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in par. (12), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–293 substituted "Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, and the Committee on Appropriations" for "Committee on International Relations" in par. (2), added pars. (3) and (7) to (11), and redesignated former pars. (3) to (5) and (6) as (4) to (6) and (12), respectively.
22 U.S.C. § 1156 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IX: ALLOWANCES AND BENEFITS / Section 1156: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section 1156, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §941, 60 Stat. 1029; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §13, 70 Stat. 706, related to payment of expenses of medical treatment.

Section 1157, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §942, 60 Stat. 1029; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §14, 70 Stat. 706; Sept. 4, 1961, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. IV, §708(5), 75 Stat. 464; Oct. 7, 1978, Pub. L. 95–426, title I, §113(a)(1), 92 Stat. 968, related to payment of expenses for travel for medical purposes.

Section 1158, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §943, 60 Stat. 1029; Apr. 5, 1955, ch. 23, §12, 69 Stat. 27; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §15, 70 Stat. 707, related to physical examinations and inoculations.

Section 1159, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §944, as added Dec. 23, 1967, Pub. L. 90–221, §2, 81 Stat. 671, related to authority to provide medical services beyond date of death or separation of officer or employee.

Section 1160, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §945, as added Oct. 7, 1978, Pub. L. 95–426, title I, §113(a)(2), 92 Stat. 968, related to establishment and provision of medical treatment and health care facilities.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7634 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Subchapter III: BILATERAL EFFORTS / Section 7634: Malaria response Coordinator
Malaria response Coordinator
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There is established within the United States Agency for International Development a Coordinator of United States Government Activities to Combat Malaria Globally (referred to in this section as the "Malaria Coordinator"), who shall be appointed by the President.

(b) Authorities

The Malaria Coordinator, acting through nongovernmental organizations (including faith-based and community-based organizations), partner country finance, health, and other relevant ministries, and relevant executive branch agencies as may be necessary and appropriate to carry out this section, is authorized to—

(1) operate internationally to carry out prevention, care, treatment, support, capacity development, and other activities to reduce the prevalence, mortality, and incidence of malaria;

(2) provide grants to, and enter into contracts and cooperative agreements with, nongovernmental organizations (including faith-based organizations) to carry out this section; and

(3) transfer and allocate executive branch agency funds that have been appropriated for the purposes described in paragraphs (1) and (2).

(c) Duties

(1) In general

The Malaria Coordinator has primary responsibility for the oversight and coordination of all resources and international activities of the United States Government relating to efforts to combat malaria.

(2) Specific duties

The Malaria Coordinator shall—

(A) facilitate program and policy coordination of antimalarial efforts among relevant executive branch agencies and nongovernmental organizations by auditing, monitoring, and evaluating such programs;

(B) ensure that each relevant executive branch agency undertakes antimalarial programs primarily in those areas in which the agency has the greatest expertise, technical capability, and potential for success;

(C) coordinate relevant executive branch agency activities in the field of malaria prevention and treatment;

(D) coordinate planning, implementation, and evaluation with the Global AIDS Coordinator in countries in which both programs have a significant presence;

(E) coordinate with national governments, international agencies, civil society, and the private sector; and

(F) establish due diligence criteria for all recipients of funds appropriated by the Federal Government for malaria assistance.

(d) Assistance for the World Health Organization

In carrying out this section, the President may provide financial assistance to the Roll Back Malaria Partnership of the World Health Organization to improve the capacity of countries with high rates of malaria and other affected countries to implement comprehensive malaria control programs.

(e) Coordination of assistance efforts

In carrying out this section and in accordance with section 2151b–4 of this title, the Malaria Coordinator shall coordinate the provision of assistance by working with—

(1) relevant executive branch agencies, including—

(A) the Department of State (including the Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator);

(B) the Department of Health and Human Services;

(C) the Department of Defense; and

(D) the Office of the United States Trade Representative;

(2) relevant multilateral institutions, including—

(A) the World Health Organization;

(B) the United Nations Children's Fund;

(C) the United Nations Development Programme;

(D) the Global Fund;

(E) the World Bank; and

(F) the Roll Back Malaria Partnership;

(3) program delivery and efforts to lift barriers that would impede effective and comprehensive malaria control programs; and

(4) partner or recipient country governments and national entities including universities and civil society organizations (including faith- and community-based organizations).

(f) Research

To carry out this section, the Malaria Coordinator, in accordance with section 2151b–4 of this title, shall ensure that operations and implementation research conducted under this chapter will closely complement the clinical and program research being undertaken by the National Institutes of Health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention should advise the Malaria Coordinator on priorities for operations and implementation research and should be a key implementer of this research.

(g) Monitoring

To ensure that adequate malaria controls are established and implemented, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention should advise the Malaria Coordinator on monitoring, surveillance, and evaluation activities and be a key implementer of such activities under this chapter. Such activities shall complement, rather than duplicate, the work of the World Health Organization.

(h) Annual report

(1) Submission

Not later than 1 year after July 30, 2008, and annually thereafter, the President shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that describes United States assistance for the prevention, treatment, control, and elimination of malaria.

(2) Contents

The report required under paragraph (1) shall describe—

(A) the countries and activities to which malaria resources have been allocated;

(B) the number of people reached through malaria assistance programs, including data on children and pregnant women;

(C) research efforts to develop new tools to combat malaria, including drugs and vaccines;

(D) the collaboration and coordination of United States antimalarial efforts with the World Health Organization, the Global Fund, the World Bank, other donor governments, major private efforts, and relevant executive agencies;

(E) the coordination of United States antimalarial efforts with the national malarial strategies of other donor or partner governments and major private initiatives;

(F) the estimated impact of United States assistance on childhood mortality and morbidity from malaria;

(G) the coordination of antimalarial efforts with broader health and development programs; and

(H) the constraints on implementation of programs posed by health workforce shortages or capacities; and

(I) the number of personnel trained as health workers and the training levels achieved.

(Pub. L. 108–25, title III, §304, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 737; Pub. L. 110–293, title III, §304, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2961.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (f) and (g), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 108–25, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 711, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7601 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–293 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section consisted of subsecs. (a) to (h) relating to a pilot program for the placement of health care professionals in overseas areas severely affected by HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 269e (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Section 269e: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, acts July 10, 1952, ch. 651, title I, 66 Stat. 551; Aug. 5, 1953, ch. 328, title I, 67 Stat. 368; July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title I, 68 Stat. 415; July 7, 1955, ch. 279, title I, 69 Stat. 266; June 20, 1956, ch. 414, title I, 70 Stat. 301, related to availability of funds for United States participation in the International Civil Aviation Organization, and was from annual Department of State Appropriation Acts. Similar provisions which are permanent are classified to section 2673 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2363 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2363: Accounting, valuation, reporting, and administration of foreign currencies
Accounting, valuation, reporting, and administration of foreign currencies
Status: in_force

(a) Responsibility of Secretary of the Treasury; regulations

Under the direction of the President, the Secretary of the Treasury shall have responsibility for valuation and central accounting with respect to foreign credits (including currencies) owed to or owned by the United States. In order to carry out such responsibility the Secretary shall issue regulations binding upon all agencies of the Government.

(b) Establishment of exchange rates

The Secretary of the Treasury shall have sole authority to establish for all foreign currencies or credits the exchange rates at which such currencies are to be reported by all agencies of the Government.

(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, §734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560

(d) Interest income on foreign currency proceeds; regulations; waiver; report to Congress

In cases where assistance is to be furnished to any recipient country in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter or any other Act on a basis which will result in the accrual of foreign currency proceeds to the United States, the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue regulations requiring that agreements, in respect of such assistance, include provisions for the receipt of interest income on the foreign currency proceeds deposited in authorized depositaries: Provided, That whenever the Secretary of State determines it not to be in the national interest to conclude arrangements for the receipt of interest income he may waive the requirement thereof: Provided further, That the Secretary of State, or his delegate, shall promptly make a complete report to the Congress on each such determination and the reasons therefor.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, §613, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 443; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. III, §301(c), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 659; Pub. L. 94–273, §46, Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 382; Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, §734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1981—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–113 struck out subsec. (c) which provided for semi-annual reports on foreign currencies acquired without payment of dollars by the United States. See section 2394(a)(8) of this title.

1976—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–273 inserted provision relating to reports after Dec. 31, 1975.

1965—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 89–171 added subsec. (d).

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2656i (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2656i: Counterdrug and anticrime activities of Department of State
Counterdrug and anticrime activities of Department of State
Status: in_force

(a) Counterdrug and law enforcement strategy

(1) Requirement

Not later than 180 days after October 21, 1998, the Secretary of State shall establish, implement, and submit to Congress a comprehensive, long-term strategy to carry out the counterdrug responsibilities of the Department of State in a manner consistent with the National Drug Control Strategy. The strategy shall involve all elements of the Department in the United States and abroad.

(2) Objectives

In establishing the strategy, the Secretary shall—

(A) coordinate with the Office of National Drug Control Policy in the development of clear, specific, and measurable counterdrug objectives for the Department that support the goals and objectives of the National Drug Control Strategy;

(B) develop specific and, to the maximum extent practicable, quantifiable measures of performance relating to the objectives, including annual and long-term measures of performance, for purposes of assessing the success of the Department in meeting the objectives;

(C) assign responsibilities for meeting the objectives to appropriate elements of the Department;

(D) develop an operational structure within the Department that minimizes impediments to meeting the objectives;

(E) ensure that every United States ambassador or chief of mission is fully briefed on the strategy, and works to achieve the objectives; and

(F) ensure that—

(i) all budgetary requests and transfers of equipment (including the financing of foreign military sales and the transfer of excess defense articles) relating to international counterdrug efforts conforms with the objectives; and

(ii) the recommendations of the Department regarding certification determinations made by the President on March 1 as to the counterdrug cooperation, or adequate steps on its own, of each major illicit drug producing and drug trafficking country to achieve full compliance with the goals and objectives established by the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances also conform to meet such objectives.

(3) Reports

Not later than February 15 of each year subsequent to the submission of the strategy described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to Congress an update of the strategy. The update shall include—

(A) an outline of the proposed activities with respect to the strategy during the succeeding year, including the manner in which such activities will meet the objectives set forth in paragraph (2); and

(B) detailed information on how certification determinations described in paragraph (2)(F) made the previous year affected achievement of the objectives set forth in paragraph (2) for the previous calendar year.

(4) Limitation on delegation

The Secretary shall designate an official in the Department who reports directly to the Secretary to oversee the implementation of the strategy throughout the Department.

(b) Information on international criminals

(1) Information system

The Secretary shall, in consultation with the heads of appropriate United States law enforcement agencies, including the Attorney General and the Secretary of the Treasury, take appropriate actions to establish an information system or improve existing information systems containing comprehensive information on serious crimes committed by foreign nationals. The information system shall be available to United States embassies and missions abroad for use in consideration of applications for visas for entry into the United States.

(2) Report

Not later than 180 days after October 21, 1998, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the actions taken under paragraph (1).

(c) Overseas coordination of counterdrug and anticrime programs, policy, and assistance

(1) Strengthening coordination

The responsibilities of every diplomatic mission of the United States shall include the strengthening of cooperation between and among the United States and foreign governmental entities and multilateral entities with respect to activities relating to international narcotics and crime.

(2) Designation of officers

(A) In general

Consistent with existing memoranda of understanding between the Department of State and other departments and agencies of the United States, including the Department of Justice, the chief of mission of every diplomatic mission of the United States shall designate an officer or officers within the mission to carry out the responsibility of the mission under paragraph (1), including the coordination of counterdrug, law enforcement, rule of law, and administration of justice programs, policy, and assistance. Such officer or officers shall report to the chief of mission, or the designee of the chief of mission, on a regular basis regarding activities undertaken in carrying out such responsibility.

(B) Reports

The chief of mission of every diplomatic mission of the United States shall submit to the Secretary on a regular basis a report on the actions undertaken by the mission to carry out such responsibility.

(3) Report to Congress

Not later than 180 days after October 21, 1998, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives a report on the status of any proposals for action or on action undertaken to improve staffing and personnel management at diplomatic missions of the United States in order to carry out the responsibility set forth in paragraph (1).

(Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2214, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–812.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
22 U.S.C. § 2740 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2740: Career intermission program adjustment to enhance retention
Career intermission program adjustment to enhance retention
Status: in_force

(a) Authority to extend Federal Employee Health Benefit coverage

The Secretary and Administrator are authorized to offer employees the option of extending Federal Employee Health Benefit coverage during pre-approved leave without pay for up to 3 years.

(b) Responsibility for premium payments

If an employee elects to continue coverage pursuant to subsection (a) for longer than 365 days, the employee shall be responsible for 100 percent of the premium (employee share and government share) during such longer period.

(Pub. L. 118–159, div. G, title LXXI, §7106, Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2524.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

For definitions of "Secretary" and "Administrator" as used in this section, see section 7002 of Pub. L. 118–159, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7433 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 81: INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT / Subchapter II: AMERICAN SERVICEMEMBERS' PROTECTION / Section 7433: Assistance to international efforts
Assistance to international efforts
Status: in_force

(a) Assistance

Nothing in this subchapter shall prohibit the United States from rendering assistance to international efforts to bring to justice Saddam Hussein, Slobodan Milosovic, Osama bin Laden, other members of Al Queda,1 leaders of Islamic Jihad, and other foreign nationals accused of genocide, war crimes or crimes against humanity, or from rendering assistance to the International Criminal Court to assist with investigations and prosecutions of foreign nationals related to the Situation in Ukraine, including to support victims and witnesses.

(b) Authority

Assistance made available pursuant to subsection (a) of this section may be made available notwithstanding section 7401 of this title, except that none of the funds made available pursuant to this subsection may be made available for the purpose of supporting investigations or prosecutions of U.S. servicemembers or other covered United States persons or covered allied persons as such terms are defined in section 7432 of this title.

(c) Notification

The Secretary of State shall notify the Committees on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, of any amounts obligated pursuant to subsection (b) not later than 15 days before such obligation is made.

(Pub. L. 107–206, title II, §2015, Aug. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 909; Pub. L. 117–328, div. K, title VII, §7073(b), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5092.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–328 substituted subsecs. (a) to (c) for "Nothing in this subchapter shall prohibit the United States from rendering assistance to international efforts to bring to justice Saddam Hussein, Slobodan Milosovic, Osama bin Laden, other members of Al Queda, leaders of Islamic Jihad, and other foreign nationals accused of genocide, war crimes or crimes against humanity."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Rule of Construction

Nothing in amendment by Pub. L. 117–328 to be construed to modify the existing roles or authorities of any Federal agency or official, see section 7073(c) of Pub. L. 117–328, set out as a note under section 7423 of this title.

1 So in original.
22 U.S.C. § 7672 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Subchapter IV: AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS / Section 7672: Sense of Congress
Sense of Congress
Status: in_force

(a) Increase in HIV/AIDS antiretroviral treatment

It is a sense of the Congress that an urgent priority of United States assistance programs to fight HIV/AIDS should be the rapid increase in distribution of antiretroviral treatment so that—

(1) by the end of fiscal year 2004, at least 500,000 individuals with HIV/AIDS are receiving antiretroviral treatment through United States assistance programs;

(2) by the end of fiscal year 2005, at least 1,000,000 such individuals are receiving such treatment; and

(3) by the end of fiscal year 2006, at least 2,000,000 such individuals are receiving such treatment.

(b) Effective distribution of HIV/AIDS funds

It is the sense of Congress that, of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations under section 7671 of this title for HIV/AIDS assistance, 10 percent should be used for orphans and vulnerable children.

(Pub. L. 108–25, title IV, §402, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 110–293, title IV, §402, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2966.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–293 substituted "10 percent should be used" for "an effective distribution of such amounts would be—

"(1) 55 percent of such amounts for treatment of individuals with HIV/AIDS;

"(2) 15 percent of such amounts for palliative care of individuals with HIV/AIDS;

"(3) 20 percent of such amounts for HIV/AIDS prevention consistent with section 2151b–2(d) of this title, of which such amount at least 33 percent should be expended for abstinence-until-marriage programs; and

"(4) 10 percent of such amounts".
22 U.S.C. § 1631m (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter II: VESTING AND LIQUIDATION OF BULGARIAN, HUNGARIAN, AND RUMANIAN PROPERTY / Section 1631m: Lien, attachment, garnishment, etc., of transferred property
Lien, attachment, garnishment, etc., of transferred property
Status: in_force

No property conveyed, transferred, assigned, delivered, or paid to the designee of the President under this subchapter, or the net proceeds thereof, shall be liable to lien, attachment, garnishment, trustee process, or execution, or subject to any order or decree of any court, except as provided in this subchapter.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title II, §214, as added Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, §3, 69 Stat. 570.)
22 U.S.C. § 2708a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2708a: Award of Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service
Award of Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service
Status: in_force

(a) Authority to award

The President, upon the recommendation of the Secretary, may award a Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service to any member of the Foreign Service or any other civilian employee of the Government of the United States who, while employed at, or assigned permanently or temporarily to, an official mission overseas or while traveling abroad on official business, incurred a wound or other injury or an illness (whether or not the wound, other injury, or illness resulted in death)—

(1) as the person was performing official duties;

(2) as the person was on the premises of a United States mission abroad; or

(3) by reason of the person's status as a United States Government employee.

(b) Selection criteria

The Secretary shall prescribe the procedures for identifying and considering persons eligible for award of a Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service and for selecting the persons to be recommended for the award.

(c) Award in the event of death

If a person selected for award of a Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service dies before being presented the award, the award may be made and the star presented to the person's family or to the person's representative, as designated by the President.

(d) Form of award

The Secretary shall prescribe the design of the Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service. The award may not include a stipend or any other cash payment.

(e) Funding

Any expenses incurred in awarding a person a Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service may be paid out of appropriations available at the time of the award for personnel of the department or agency of the United States Government in which the person was employed when the person incurred the wound, injury, or illness upon which the award is based.

(Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841, title I, §36A, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(7) [div. A, title III, §321], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–436; amended Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title III, §311, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1377.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2002—Pub. L. 107–228 substituted "Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service" for "Foreign Service star" in section catchline and wherever appearing in text.
22 U.S.C. § 5473 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 63: SUPPORT FOR EAST EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY (SEED) / Subchapter VI: REPORTS TO CONGRESS / Section 5473: Report on environmental problems in Poland and Hungary
Report on environmental problems in Poland and Hungary
Status: in_force

The first report submitted pursuant to section 5474 of this title shall include the following:

(1) Assessment of problems

An overall assessment of the environmental problems facing Poland and Hungary, including—

(A) a relative ranking of the severity of the problems and their effects on both human health and the general environment;

(B) a listing of the geographical areas of each country that have suffered the heaviest environmental damage, and a description of the source and scope of the damage; and

(C) an assessment of the environmental performance of leading industrial polluters in those countries and the expected effect on pollution levels of industrial modernization.

(2) Priorities and costs for action

An analysis of the priorities that Poland and Hungary should each assign in addressing its environmental problems, and an estimate of the capital and human resources required to undertake a comprehensive program of environmental protection in that country.

(3) Role of United States and multilateral assistance

A statement of strategy for United States assistance for the next 5 years to address environmental problems in Poland and Hungary, including—

(A) recommendations for appropriate levels and forms of bilateral financial and technical assistance;

(B) recommendations concerning United States participation in cooperative multilateral undertakings;

(C) an assessment of the feasibility of debt-for-nature swaps as a technique of environmental protection in each country; and

(D) recommendations for minimizing further environmental damage to Krakow, and for the protection and restoration of historic sites in that city.

(Pub. L. 101–179, title VII, §703, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1321.)
22 U.S.C. § 276f (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter I: CANADA-UNITED STATES INTERPARLIAMENTARY GROUP / Section 276f: Report to Congress
Report to Congress
Status: in_force

The United States group of the Canada-United States Interparliamentary group shall submit to the Congress a report for each fiscal year for which an appropriation is made including its expenditures under such appropriation.

(Pub. L. 86–42, §3, June 11, 1959, 73 Stat. 73.)
22 U.S.C. § 286l (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XV: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND AND BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT / Section 286l: British loan; authorization to Secretary of the Treasury to carry out agreement
British loan; authorization to Secretary of the Treasury to carry out agreement
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems, is authorized to carry out the agreement dated December 6, 1945, between the United States and the United Kingdom which was transmitted by the President to the Congress on January 30, 1946, and the action of the Secretary of the Treasury in signing the agreement dated March 6, 1957, amending said agreement is approved.

(July 15, 1946, ch. 577, §1, 60 Stat. 535; Pub. L. 85–21, Apr. 20, 1957, 71 Stat. 17.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Agreement dated December 6, 1945, between the United States and the United Kingdom, referred to in text, is set out as a note below.

Codification

Section was not enacted as a part of act July 31, 1945, ch. 339, 59 Stat. 512, known as the Bretton Woods Agreements Act, which comprises this subchapter.

Amendments

1957—Pub. L. 85–21 inserted ", and the action of the Secretary of the Treasury in signing the agreement dated March 6, 1957, amending said agreement is approved".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Purposes

Act July 15, 1946, ch. 577, 60 Stat. 535, provided that:

"Whereas in the Bretton Woods Agreements Act [this subchapter] the Congress has declared it to be the policy of the United States 'to seek to bring about further agreement and cooperation among nations and international bodies, as soon as possible, on ways and means which will best reduce obstacles to and restrictions upon international trade, eliminate unfair trade practices, promote mutually advantageous commercial relations, and otherwise facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade and promote the stability of international economic relations'; and

"Whereas in further implementation of the purposes of the Bretton Woods Agreements, the Governments of the United States and the United Kingdom have negotiated an agreement dated December 6, 1945, designed to expedite the achievement of stable and orderly exchange arrangements, the prompt elimination of exchange restrictions and discriminations, and other objectives of the above-mentioned policy declared by the Congress."

Executive Documents and International Agreements

Delegation of Functions

Functions of National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems delegated to National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies, see section 2(a) of Ex. Ord. No. 11269, Feb. 14, 1966, 31 F.R. 2813, set out as a note under section 286b of this title.

Financial Agreement Between the Governments of the United States and the United Kingdom

It is hereby agreed between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as follows:

1. Effective date of the agreement: The effective date of this Agreement shall be the date on which the Government of the United States notifies the Government of the United Kingdom that the Congress of the United States has made available the funds necessary to extend to the Government of the United Kingdom the line of credit in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

2. Line of credit: The Government of the United States will extend to the Government of the United Kingdom a line of credit of $3,750,000,000 which may be drawn upon at any time between the effective date of this Agreement and December 31, 1951, inclusive.

3. Purpose of the line of credit: The purpose of the line of credit is to facilitate purchases by the United Kingdom of goods and services in the United States, to assist the United Kingdom to meet transitional post-war deficits in its current balance of payments, to help the United Kingdom to maintain adequate reserves of gold and dollars, and to assist the Government of the United Kingdom to assume the obligations of multilateral trade, as defined in this and other agreements.

4. Amortization and interest:

(i) The amount of the line of credit drawn by December 31, 1951, shall be repaid in 50 annual installments beginning on December 31, 1951, with interest at the rate of 2 percent per annum. Interest for the year 1951 shall be computed on the amount outstanding on December 31, 1951, and for each year thereafter, interest shall be computed on the amount outstanding on January 1 of each such year.

Forty-nine annual installments of principal repayments and interest shall be equal, calculated at the rate of $31,823,000 for each $1,000,000,000 of the line of credit drawn by December 31, 1951, and the fiftieth installment shall be at the rate of $31,840,736.65 for each such $1,000,000,000. Each installment shall consist of the full amount of the interest due and the remainder of the installment shall be the principal to be repaid in that year. Payments required by this section are subject to the provisions of section 5.

(ii) The Government of the United Kingdom may accelerate repayment of the amount drawn under this line of credit.

5. Deferment of annual installments.

(i) In any calendar year after December 31, 1956, in which the Government of the United Kingdom advises the Government of the United States that it finds that a deferment is necessary in view of the present and prospective conditions of international exchange and the level of its gold and foreign exchange reserves, the Government of the United Kingdom may defer the payment of the annual installment for that year of principal repayment and interest specified under Section 4. Not more than seven (7) annual installments may be so deferred. The first of any such deferred installments shall be paid on December 31, 2001, and the others shall be paid annually thereafter, in order.

(ii) In addition, the installment of interest in respect of the year 1956 is hereby deferred, in lieu of any right of waiver hitherto existing. This installment shall be paid on December 31 of the year following that in which the last of all other installments, including installments deferred under the preceding paragraph, is due.

(iii) Deferred installments shall bear interest at the rate of 2 percent per annum, payable annually on December 31 of each year following that in which deferment occurs.

(iv) Payment of deferred installments may be accelerated, in whole or in part, at the option of the Government of the United Kingdom. [Amended Mar. 6, 1957, eff. Apr. 25, 1957.]

6. Relation of this line of credit to other obligations. The Government of the United Kingdom undertakes not to defer an installment under Section 5 of this Agreement in any year, unless it also defers the installment due in that year under the Financial Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United Kingdom, dated March 6, 1946. [Amended Mar. 6, 1957, eff. Apr. 25, 1957.]

7. Sterling area exchange arrangements: The Government of the United Kingdom will complete arrangements as early as practicable and in any case not later than one year after the effective date of this Agreement, unless in exceptional cases a later date is agreed upon after consultation, under which immediately after the completion of such arrangements the sterling receipts from current transactions of all sterling area countries (apart from any receipts arising out of military expenditure by the Government of the United Kingdom prior to December 31, 1948, to the extent to which they are treated by agreement with the countries concerned on the same basis as the balances accumulated during the war) will be freely available for current transactions in any currency area without discrimination; with the result that any discrimination arising from the so-called sterling area dollar pool will be entirely removed and that each member of the sterling area will have its current sterling and dollar receipts at its free disposition for current transactions anywhere.

8. Other exchange arrangements:

(i) Government of the United Kingdom agrees that after the effective date of this Agreement it will not apply exchange controls in such a manner as to restrict (a) payments or transfers in respect of products of the United States permitted to be imported into the United Kingdom or other current transactions between the two countries or (b) the use of sterling balances to the credit of residents of the United States arising out of current transactions. Nothing in this paragraph (i) shall affect the provisions of Article VII of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund when those Articles have come into force.

(ii) The Governments of the United States and the United Kingdom agree that not later than one year after the effective date of this Agreement, unless in exceptional cases a later date is agreed upon after consultation, they will impose no restrictions on payments and transfers for current transactions. The obligations of this paragraph (ii) shall not apply:

(a) to balances of third countries and their nationals accumulated before this paragraph (ii) becomes effective; or

(b) to restrictions imposed in conformity with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, provided that the Governments of the United Kingdom and the United States will not continue to invoke the provisions of Article XIV, Section 2 of those Articles after this paragraph (ii) becomes effective, unless in exceptional cases after consultation they agree otherwise; or

(c) to restrictions imposed in connection with measures designed to uncover and dispose of assets of Germany and Japan.

(iii) This section and section 9, which are in anticipation of more comprehensive arrangements by multilateral agreement, shall operate until December 31, 1951.

9. Import arrangements: If either the Government of the United States or the Government of the United Kingdom imposes or maintains quantitative import restrictions, such restrictions shall be administered on a basis which does not discriminate against imports from the other country in respect of any product; provided that this undertaking shall not apply in cases in which (a) its application would have the effect of preventing the country imposing such restrictions from utilizing, for the purchase of needed imports, inconvertible currencies accumulated up to December 31, 1946, or (b) there may be special necessity for the country imposing such restrictions to assist, by measures not involving a substantial departure from the general rule of non-discrimination, a country whose economy has been disrupted by war, or (c) either government imposes quantitative restrictions having equivalent effect to any exchange restrictions which that government is authorized to impose in conformity with Article VII of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund. The provisions of this section shall become effective as soon as practicable but not later than December 31, 1946.

10. Accumulated sterling balances:

(i) The Government of the United Kingdom intends to make agreements with the countries concerned, varying according to the circumstances of each case, for an early settlement covering the sterling balances accumulated by sterling area and other countries prior to such settlement (together with any future receipts arising out of military expenditure by the Government of the United Kingdom to the extent to which they are treated on the same basis by agreement with the countries concerned). The settlements with the sterling area countries will be on the basis of dividing these accumulated balances into three categories (a) balances to be released at once and convertible into any currency for current transactions, (b) balances to be similarly released by installments over a period of years beginning in 1951, and (c) balances to be adjusted as a contribution to the settlement of war and postwar indebtedness and in recognition of the benefits which the countries concerned might be expected to gain from such a settlement. The Government of the United Kingdom will make every endeavor to secure the early completion of these arrangements.

(ii) In consideration of the fact that an important purpose of the present line of credit is to promote the development of multilateral trade and facilitate its early resumption on a non-discriminatory basis, the Government of the United Kingdom agrees that any sterling balances released or otherwise available for current payments will, not later than one year after the effective date of this Agreement unless in special cases a later date is agreed upon after consultation, be freely available for current transactions in any currency area without discrimination.

11. Definitions:

For the purposes of this Agreement:

(i) The term "current transactions" shall have the meaning prescribed in Article XIX (i) of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund.

(ii) The term "sterling area" means the United Kingdom and the other territories declared by the Defence (Finance) Definition of the Sterling Area) (No. 2) Order, 1944, to be included in the sterling area, namely "the following territories excluding Canada and Newfoundland, that is to say—

(a) any Dominion,

(b) any other part of His Majesty's dominions,

(c) any territory in respect of which a mandate on behalf of the League of Nations has been accepted by His Majesty and is being exercised by His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom or in any Dominion,

(d) any British protectorate or protected State,

(e) Egypt, the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and Iraq.

(f) Iceland and the Faroe Islands."

12. Consultation on Agreement: Either government shall be entitled to approach the other for a reconsideration of any of the provisions of this Agreement, if in its opinion the prevailing conditions of international exchange justify such reconsideration, with a view to agreeing upon modifications for presentation to their respective legislatures.

Signed in duplicate at Washington, District of Columbia this 6th day of December, 1945.

For the Government of the United States of America:

Fred M. Vinson,         

Secretary of the Treasury        

of the United States of America.      

For the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:

Halifax.
22 U.S.C. § 283r (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XII: INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 283r: Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions
Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions
Status: in_force

The President shall instruct the United States Executive Director of the Bank to vote against any loan or other utilization of the funds of the Bank for the benefit of any country which has—

(1) nationalized or expropriated or seized ownership or control of property owned by any United States citizen or by any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50 per centum of which is beneficially owned by United States citizens;

(2) taken steps to repudiate or nullify existing contracts or agreements with any United States citizen or any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50 per centum of which is beneficially owned by United States citizens; or

(3) imposed or enforced discriminatory taxes or other exactions, or restrictive maintenance or operational conditions, or has taken other actions, which have the effect of nationalizing, expropriating, or otherwise seizing ownership or control of property so owned;

unless the President determines that (A) an arrangement for prompt, adequate, and effective compensation has been made, (B) the parties have submitted the dispute to arbitration under the rules of the Convention for the Settlement of Investment Disputes, or (C) good faith negotiations are in progress aimed at providing prompt, adequate, and effective compensation under the applicable principles of international law.

(Pub. L. 86–147, §21, as added Pub. L. 92–246, §1, Mar. 10, 1972, 86 Stat. 59.)
22 U.S.C. § 1622c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1622c: Membership of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States
Membership of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States
Status: in_force

(a) Composition of Commission; appointment and compensation of Chairman

The Commission shall be composed of a Chairman and two members. The Chairman shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve on a full-time basis for a term of three years, and compensated at the rate provided for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5.

(b) Appointment and compensation of members other than Chairman

The other members of the Commission shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and serve on a part-time basis, and be compensated on a per diem basis at a rate of compensation equivalent to the daily rate for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5 for each day that such member is employed in the actual performance of official business of the Commission as may be directed by the Chairman. Each member shall be reimbursed for travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5 for persons in Government service employed intermittently.

(c) Terms of office

The terms of Office of the Chairman and members of the Commission shall be for three years, except the Chairman and members first appointed after the enactment of this subsection shall be appointed to terms ending respectively September 30, 1982, September 30, 1981, and September 30, 1980. The incumbent of any such office may continue to serve until a successor takes office.

(d) Continuation in office of existing members

Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section, members of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission who are serving on March 14, 1980, shall continue to serve in their same capacities until the expiration of the terms to which they were appointed.

(Pub. L. 96–209, title I, §103, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 96.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96–209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1841 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE / Section 1841: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Status: repealed

Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §131, 68 Stat. 838; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, §4, 69 Stat. 284; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §4, 70 Stat. 556; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §4(a), 71 Stat. 356; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, §201, ch. V, §501(3), (4), 72 Stat. 262, 270; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §201, 73 Stat. 248; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, §201(a), (b), 74 Stat. 134, authorized economic assistance to sustain and increase the military effort and provided for executive authority to furnish assistance, appropriations, marine insurance and assistance for Korea. See section 2354(d) of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2214a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2214a: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this subpart:

(1) Administrator

The term "Administrator" means the Administrator of the Agency.

(2) Agency

The term "Agency" means the United States Agency for International Development.

(3) Appropriate congressional committees

The term "appropriate congressional committees" means the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

(4) Business development services

The term "business development services" means support for the growth of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises through training, technical assistance, marketing assistance, improved production technologies, and other related services.

(5) Director

The term "Director" means the Director of the office.

(6) Implementing partner organization

The term "implementing partner organization" means an entity eligible to receive assistance under this subpart which is—

(A) a United States or an indigenous private voluntary organization;

(B) a United States or an indigenous credit union;

(C) a United States or an indigenous cooperative organization;

(D) an indigenous governmental or nongovernmental organization;

(E) a micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise institution;

(F) a financial intermediary; or

(G) a practitioner institution.

(7) Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise institution

The term "micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise institution" means an entity that provides services, including finance, training, or business development services, for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in foreign countries.

(8) Financial intermediary

The term "financial intermediary" means the entity that acts as the intermediary between parties in a financial transaction, such as a bank, credit union, investment fund, a village savings and loan group, or an institution that provides financial services to a micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise.

(9) Office

The term "office" means the office established under section 2211a(b)(1) of this title.

(10) Practitioner institution

The term "practitioner institution" means a not-for-profit entity, a financial intermediary, an information and communications technology firm with a mobile money platform, a village and savings loan group, or any other entity that provides financial or business development services authorized under section 252 that benefits micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise clients.

(11) Private voluntary organization

The term "private voluntary organization" means a not-for-profit entity that—

(A) engages in and supports activities of an economic or social development or humanitarian nature for citizens in foreign countries; and

(B) is incorporated as such under the laws of the United States, including any of its states, territories or the District of Columbia, or of a foreign country.

(12) United States-supported financial intermediary

The term "United States-supported financial intermediary" means a financial intermediary that has received funds made available under subchapter I of this chapter for fiscal year 1980 or any subsequent fiscal year.

(13) Very poor

The term "very poor" means those individuals—

(A) living in the bottom 50 percent below the poverty line established by the national government of the country in which those individuals live; or

(B) living below the international poverty line (as defined by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association (collectively referred to as the 'World Bank')).

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §259, as added Pub. L. 108–484, §6, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3929; amended Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i), Jan. 9, 2019, 132 Stat. 5515.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2019—Par. (3). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(1), substituted "Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives" for "Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives".

Par. (4). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(2), substituted "micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises" for "microenterprises".

Par. (6)(E). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(3)(A), substituted "micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise institution" for "microenterprise institution".

Par. (6)(F). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(3)(B), substituted "financial intermediary" for "microfinance institution".

Pars. (7), (8). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(4), added pars. (7) and (8) and struck out former pars. (7) and (8) which defined the terms "microenterprise institution" and "microfinance institution", respectively.

Par. (9). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(5)–(7), redesignated par. (10) as (9), struck out "of microenterprise development" before "established", and struck out former par. (9) which defined the term "microfinance network".

Par. (10). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(6), (8), redesignated par. (11) as (10) and amended par. (10) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (10) defined the term "practitioner institution". Former par. (10) redesignated (9).

Par. (11). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(6), redesignated par. (12) as (11). Former par. (11) redesignated (10).

Par. (12). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(6), (9), redesignated par. (13) as (12) and substituted "United states-supported financial intermediary" for "United States-supported microfinance institution" in heading and text. Former par. (12) redesignated (11).

Pars. (13), (14). Pub. L. 115–428, §4(i)(6), (10), redesignated par. (14) as (13) and amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: "living on less than the equivalent of $1 per day (as calculated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rate method)." Former par. (13) redesignated (12).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter II

References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include parts IV (§2346 et seq.), VI (§2348 et seq.), and VIII (§2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.

Change of Name

Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
22 U.S.C. § 1001 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VI: PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION / Section 1001: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §631, 60 Stat. 1015; Aug. 5, 1955, ch. 576, §8, 69 Stat. 537; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §20, 74 Stat. 835; July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §518, 90 Stat. 845, related to separation from service of career ambassadors.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 17, 1980, see section 2403(d)(1) of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7671 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Subchapter IV: AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS / Section 7671: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out this chapter and the amendments made by this chapter $48,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 2008.

(b) Availability

Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in subsection (a) are authorized to remain available until expended.

(c) Availability of authorizations

Authorizations of appropriations under subsection (a) shall remain available until the appropriations are made.

(Pub. L. 108–25, title IV, §401, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 110–293, title IV, §401(a), July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2966.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 108–25, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 711, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7601 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–293 substituted "$48,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 2008" for "$3,000,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2004 through 2008".
22 U.S.C. § 2321k (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2321k: Designation of major non-NATO allies
Designation of major non-NATO allies
Status: in_force

(a) Notice to Congress

The President shall notify the Congress in writing at least 30 days before—

(1) designating a country as a major non-NATO ally for purposes of this chapter and the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.); or

(2) terminating such a designation.

(b) Initial designations

Australia, Egypt, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and New Zealand shall be deemed to have been so designated by the President as of the effective date of this section, and the President is not required to notify the Congress of such designation of those countries.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §517, as added Pub. L. 104–164, title I, §147(a)(1), July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1434.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

The effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (b), is July 21, 1996, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 104–164, which enacted this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2321k, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §517, as added Pub. L. 101–231, §5, Dec. 13, 1989, 103 Stat. 1957; amended Pub. L. 101–623, §15, Nov. 21, 1990, 104 Stat. 3357; Pub. L. 102–583, §9(a), Nov. 2, 1992, 106 Stat. 4934; Pub. L. 103–236, title VII, §731(b), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 502, related to modernization of counternarcotics capabilities of certain Latin America and Caribbean countries, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–164, title I, §104(b)(2)(B), July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1427.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Treatment of Taiwan Relating to Transfers of Defense Articles and Defense Services

Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XII, §1206, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1428, provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for purposes of the transfer or possible transfer of defense articles or defense services under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), or any other provision of law, Taiwan shall be treated as though it were designated a major non-NATO ally (as defined in section 644(q) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2403(q))[)]."

[For definitions of "defense article" and "defense service" as used in section 1206 of Pub. L. 107–228, set out above, see section 1002 of Pub. L. 107–228, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.]

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.

Presidential Determinations Relating to Designations of Countries as Major Non-NATO Allies

The following Presidential Determinations related to the designation or termination of the countries listed as major non-NATO allies of the United States for purposes of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) and the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.):

Afghanistan.—Determination No. 2012–11, dated July 6, 2012, released July 7, 2012, not published in Federal Register. Terminated by Determination No. 2022–24, Sept. 23, 2022, 87 F.R. 60057.

Argentina.—Determination No. 98–9, Jan. 6, 1998, 63 F.R. 3635.

Bahrain.—Determination No. 2002–10, Mar. 14, 2002, 67 F.R. 13247.

Brazil.—Determination No. 2019–21, July 31, 2019, 84 F.R. 43035.

Colombia.—Determination No. 2022–14, May 23, 2022, 87 F.R. 32943.

Jordan.—Determination No. 97–4, Nov. 12, 1996, 61 F.R. 59809.

Kenya.—Determination No. 2024–05, June 24, 2024, 89 F.R. 57055.

Kuwait.—Determination No. 2004–21, Jan. 15, 2004, 69 F.R. 4843.

Morocco.—Determination No. 2004–35, June 3, 2004, 69 F.R. 34049.

Pakistan.—Determination No. 2004–37, June 16, 2004, 69 F.R. 38797.

Philippines.—Determination No. 2004–02, Oct. 6, 2003, 68 F.R. 59855.

Qatar.—Determination No. 2022–10, Mar. 10, 2022, 87 F.R. 15025.

Thailand.—Determination No. 2004–16, Dec. 30, 2003, 69 F.R. 2053.

Tunisia.—Determination No. 2015–09, July 10, 2015, 80 F.R. 43613.
22 U.S.C. § 4007 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VI: PROMOTION AND RETENTION / Section 4007: Retirement for expiration of time in class
Retirement for expiration of time in class
Status: in_force

(a) Maximum time

(1) The Secretary shall, by regulation, establish maximum time in class limitations for—

(A) career members of the Senior Foreign Service,

(B) Foreign Service officers, and

(C) other career members of the Service who are in such occupational categories as may be designated by the Secretary and who are assigned to salary classes in the Foreign Service Schedule to which Foreign Service officers may also be assigned.

(2) Maximum time in class limitations under this subsection (which may not be less than 3 years for career members of the Senior Foreign Service) may apply with respect to the time a member may remain in a single salary class or in a combination of salary classes.

(3) The Secretary may, by regulation, increase or decrease any maximum time in class established under this subsection as the needs of the Service may require. If maximum time in class is decreased, the Secretary shall provide any member of the Service who is in a category and salary class subject to the new time in class limitation an opportunity to remain in class (notwithstanding the new limitation) for a period which is at least as long as the shorter of—

(A) the period which the member would have been permitted to remain in class but for the decrease in maximum time in class, or

(B) such minimum period as the Secretary determines is necessary to provide members of the Service who are in the same category and salary class as that member a reasonable opportunity to be promoted into the next higher class or combination of classes, as the case may be.

(b) Limited career extension

Members of the Service whose maximum time in class under subsection (a) expires—

(1) after they have attained the highest salary class for their respective occupational categories, or

(2) in the case of members of the Senior Foreign Service, while they are in salary classes designated by the Secretary,

may continue to serve only under limited extentions of their career appointments. Such limited extensions may not exceed 5 years in duration and may be granted and renewed by the Secretary in accordance with the recommendations of selection boards established under section 4002 of this title. Members of the Service serving under such limited career extensions shall continue to be career members of the Service.

(c) Members subject to retirement; reception of retirement benefits

Any member of the Service—

(1) whose maximum time in class under subsection (a) expires and who is not promoted to a higher class or combination of classes, as the case may be, or

(2) whose limited career extension under subsection (b) expires and is not renewed,

shall be retired from the Service and receive benefits in accordance with section 4009 of this title, subject to any career extension under subsection (d) of this section.

(d) Extensions

Notwithstanding any other provision of this section—

(1) the career appointment of a member of the Service whose maximum time in class under subsection (a) expires, or whose limited career extension under subsection (b) expires, while that member is occupying a position to which he or she was appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall be extended until the appointment to that position is terminated; and

(2) if the Secretary determines it to be in the public interest, the Secretary may extend temporarily the career appointment of a career member of the Service whose maximum time in class or limited career extension expires, but in no case may any extension under this paragraph exceed one year and such extensions may be granted only in special circumstances.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §607, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2096.)
22 U.S.C. § 1644k (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter VI: CLAIMS AGAINST GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC / Section 1644k: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to enable the Commission and the Treasury Department of 1 pay their respective administrative expenses incurred in carrying out their functions under this subchapter.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VI, §611, as added Pub. L. 94–542, Oct. 18, 1976, 90 Stat. 2512.)

1 So in original. Probably should be "to".
22 U.S.C. § 2396b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2396b: USAID Buying Power Maintenance Account
USAID Buying Power Maintenance Account
Status: in_force

(1) Consistent with paragraph (2), there is hereby established in the Treasury of the United States the "USAID Buying Power Maintenance Account".

(2) Up to $50,000,000 of expired or unexpired discretionary unobligated balances appropriated for this and for any succeeding fiscal year under the heading "Operating Expenses" may be transferred to, and merged with, the account established pursuant to paragraph (1) not later than the end of the fifth fiscal year after the last fiscal year for which such funds are available for the purposes for which appropriated: Provided, That amounts deposited in such account shall be available until expended for the purposes of offsetting adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or overseas wage and price changes to maintain overseas operations, in addition to such other funds as may be available for such purposes: Provided further, That amounts from such account may be transferred to, and merged with, funds appropriated under titles II and III of this Act or subsequent Acts making appropriations for the Department of State, foreign operations, and related programs for such purposes: Provided further, That any specific designation or restriction contained in this Act or any other provision of law limiting the amounts available that may be obligated or expended shall be deemed to be adjusted to the extent necessary to offset the net effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or overseas wage and price changes in order to maintain approved levels: Provided further, That transfers pursuant to this section shall be subject to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.

(Pub. L. 118–47, div. F, title VII, §7069(a), Mar. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 849.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Titles II and III of this Act, referred to in par. (2), means titles II and III of div. F of Pub. L. 118–47, Mar. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 739, 740. See section 3 of Pub. L. 118–47, set out as a References in Pub. L. 118–47 note under section 1 of Title 1, General Provisions.

This section, referred to in par. (2), was in the original "this subsection", meaning subsec. (a) of section 7069 of title VII of div. F of Pub. L. 118–47. Subsec. (b) of section 7069 was not classified to the Code.

Codification

Section was added as part of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024, and also as part of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.
22 U.S.C. § 4203 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter XIV: POWERS, DUTIES AND LIABILITIES OF CONSULAR OFFICERS GENERALLY / Section 4203: Destruction of old invoices
Destruction of old invoices
Status: in_force

The Secretary of State is authorized to cause, from time to time, the destruction of invoices that have been filed in the consular offices for a period of more than five years.

(Feb. 24, 1903, ch. 753, 32 Stat. 854.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 which comprises this chapter.

Section was formerly classified to section 1183 of this title, and prior thereto to section 86 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 3402 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 49: SUPPORT OF PEACE TREATY BETWEEN EGYPT AND ISRAEL / Subchapter I: POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, AND TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT / Section 3402: Supplemental authorization of foreign military sales loan guaranties for Egypt and Israel
Supplemental authorization of foreign military sales loan guaranties for Egypt and Israel
Status: in_force

(a) Congressional findings; use of Arms Export Control Act procedures

The Congress finds that the legitimate defense interests of Israel and Egypt require a one time extraordinary assistance package due to Israel's phased withdrawal from the Sinai and Egypt's shift from reliance on Soviet weaponry. The authorizations contained in this section do not, however, constitute Congressional approval of the sale of any particular weapons system to either country. These sales will be reviewed under the normal procedures set forth in section 36(b) of the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2776(b)].

(b) Authorization of appropriation

In addition to amounts authorized to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1979 by section 31(a) of the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2771(a)], there is authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out that Act [22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.] $370,000,000 for the fiscal year 1979.

(c) Principal amounts of guaranteed loans

Funds made available pursuant to subsection (b) of this section may be used only for guaranties for Egypt and Israel pursuant to section 24(a) of the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2764(a)]. The principal amount of loans guaranteed with such funds may not exceed $3,700,000,000 of which $2,200,000,000 shall be available only for Israel and $1,500,000,000 shall be available only for Egypt. The principal amount of such guaranteed loans shall be in addition to the aggregate ceiling authorized for the fiscal year 1979 by section 31(b) of the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2771(b)].

(d) Repayment schedule

Loans guaranteed with funds made available pursuant to subsection (b) of this section shall be on terms calling for repayment within a period of not less than thirty years, including an initial grace period of ten years on repayment of principal.

(e) Modification of terms of guaranteed loans

(1) The Congress finds that the Governments of Israel and Egypt each have an enormous external debt burden which may be made more difficult by virtue of the financing authorized by this section. The Congress further finds that, as a consequence of the impact of the debt burdens incurred by Israel and Egypt under such financing, it may become necessary in future years to modify the terms of the loans guaranteed with funds made available pursuant to this section.

(2) Repealed. Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, §734(a)(4), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560.

(Pub. L. 96–35, §4, July 20, 1979, 93 Stat. 90; Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, §734(a)(4), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

That Act, referred to in subsec. (b), means the Arms Export Control Act, Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1981—Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 97–113 struck out par. (2) which required annual reports respecting economic conditions in Israel and Egypt and their external debt burdens, covered in provisions respecting external debt burdens of Egypt, Israel, and Turkey in section 723 of Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1552, not classified to the Code.
22 U.S.C. § 9212 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 99: NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS AND POLICY ENHANCEMENT / Subchapter I: INVESTIGATIONS, PROHIBITED CONDUCT, AND PENALTIES / Section 9212: Investigations
Investigations
Status: in_force

(a) Initiation

The President shall initiate an investigation into the possible designation of a person under section 9214(a) or (g) of this title upon receipt by the President of credible information indicating that such person has engaged in conduct described in section 9214(a) or (g) of this title.

(b) Personnel

The President may direct the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies as may be necessary to assign sufficient experienced and qualified investigators, attorneys, and technical personnel—

(1) to investigate the conduct described in subsections (a), (b), and (g) of section 9214 of this title; and

(2) to coordinate and ensure the effective enforcement of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 114–122, title I, §102, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 98; Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXI, §7122(b)(2), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2248.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 114–122, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 93, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9201 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–92, §7122(b)(2)(A), inserted "or (g)" after "section 9214(a)" in two places.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 116–92, §7122(b)(2)(B), substituted "(a), (b), and (g)" for "(a) and (b)".

Executive Documents

Delegation of Certain Functions and Authorities Under the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016

Memorandum of President of the United States, May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 37479, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State[,] the Secretary of the Treasury[,] the Director of National Intelligence[, and] the Secretary of Commerce

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby order as follows:

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, functions and authorities vested in the President by section 103(a) of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (Public Law 114–122, 22 U.S.C. 9201 note [22 U.S.C. 9201 et seq.]) (the "Act").

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 208(b), 208(c), 401(a), 401(b), and 402. These functions and authorities shall be executed in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury when affecting actions undertaken by the Department of the Treasury pursuant to authorities delegated herein or pursuant to authorities conferred by the Act.

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 301 of the Act and direct the Secretary of State to develop, in coordination with other executive departments and agencies, as appropriate, the strategy described in section 202(c) of the Act.

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 104(a), 104(b), 104(d), 209(b), and 304(b) of the Act.

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 102(a), 104(c), 104(e), and 208(d) of the Act.

I hereby delegate to the Director of National Intelligence, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 205(a) of the Act.

I hereby delegate the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 209(a) as follows:

The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Director of National Intelligence, shall have the responsibility for submitting the report described in subsection 209(a)(1) and for providing the information described in subsections 209(a)(2)(A) and (B).

The Director of National Intelligence, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of State, shall have the responsibility for providing the description of significant activities described by subsection 209(a)(1) and the assessment described in subsection 209(a)(2)(C).

The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of National Intelligence, shall have the responsibility for providing the strategy described in subsection 209(a)(2)(D).

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Director of National Intelligence the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 404(a) of the Act as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of the Act, including the foregoing delegations.

Any reference herein to provisions of any act related to the subject of this memorandum shall be deemed to include references to any hereafter-enacted provisions of law that are the same or substantially the same as such provisions.

The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

Barack Obama.
22 U.S.C. § 9621 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 103: BETTER UTILIZATION OF INVESTMENTS LEADING TO DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter II: AUTHORITIES / Section 9621: Authorities relating to provision of support
Authorities relating to provision of support
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The authorities in this subchapter shall only be exercised to—

(1) carry out of 1 the policy of the United States in section 9611 of this title and the purpose of the Corporation in section 9612 of this title;

(2) mitigate risks to United States taxpayers by sharing risks with the private sector and qualifying sovereign entities through co-financing and structuring of tools; and

(3) ensure that support provided under this subchapter is additional to private sector resources by mobilizing private capital that would otherwise not be deployed without such support.

(b) Lending and guaranties

(1) In general

The Corporation may make loans or guaranties upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation may determine.

(2) Denomination

Loans and guaranties issued under paragraph (1) may be denominated and repayable in United States dollars or foreign currencies. Foreign currency denominated loans and guaranties should only be provided if the Board determines there is a substantive policy rationale for such loans and guaranties.

(3) Applicability of Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990

Loans and guaranties issued under paragraph (1) shall be subject to the requirements of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661 et seq.).

(c) Equity investments

(1) In general

The Corporation may, as a minority investor, support projects with funds or use other mechanisms for the purpose of purchasing, and may make and fund commitments to purchase, invest in, make pledges in respect of, or otherwise acquire, equity or quasi-equity securities or shares or financial interests of any entity, including as a limited partner or other investor in investment funds, upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation may determine.

(2) Denomination

Support provided under paragraph (1) may be denominated and repayable in United States dollars or foreign currency. Foreign currency denominated support provided by paragraph (1) should only be provided if the Board determines there is a substantive policy rationale for such support.

(3) Guidelines and criteria

The Corporation shall develop guidelines and criteria to require that the use of the authority provided by paragraph (1) with respect to a project has a clearly defined development and foreign policy purpose, taking into account the following objectives:

(A) The support for the project would be more likely than not to substantially reduce or overcome the effect of an identified market failure in the country in which the project is carried out.

(B) The project would not have proceeded or would have been substantially delayed without the support.

(C) The support would meaningfully contribute to transforming local conditions to promote the development of markets.

(D) The support can be shown to be aligned with commercial partner incentives.

(E) The support can be shown to have significant developmental impact and will contribute to long-term commercial sustainability.

(F) The support furthers the policy of the United States described in section 9611 of this title.

(4) Limitations on equity investments

(A) Per project limit

The aggregate amount of support provided under this subsection with respect to any project shall not exceed 30 percent of the aggregate amount of all equity investment made to the project at the time that the Corporation approves support of the project.

(B) Total limit

Support provided pursuant to this subsection shall be limited to not more than 35 percent of the Corporation's aggregate exposure on the date that such support is provided.

(5) Sales and liquidation of position

The Corporation shall seek to sell and liquidate any support for a project provided under this subsection as soon as commercially feasible, commensurate with other similar investors in the project and taking into consideration the national security interests of the United States.

(6) Timetable

The Corporation shall create a project-specific timetable for support provided under paragraph (1).

(d) Insurance and reinsurance

The Corporation may issue insurance or reinsurance, upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation may determine, to private sector entities and qualifying sovereign entities assuring protection of their investments in whole or in part against any or all political risks such as currency inconvertibility and transfer restrictions, expropriation, war, terrorism, civil disturbance, breach of contract, or nonhonoring of financial obligations.

(e) Promotion of and support for private investment opportunities

(1) In general

In order to carry out the purpose of the Corporation described in section 9612(b) of this title, the Corporation may initiate and support, through financial participation, incentive grant, or otherwise, and on such terms and conditions as the Corporation may determine, feasibility studies for the planning, development, and management of, and procurement for, potential bilateral and multilateral development projects eligible for support under this subchapter, including training activities undertaken in connection with such projects, for the purpose of promoting investment in such projects and the identification, assessment, surveying, and promotion of private investment opportunities, utilizing wherever feasible and effective, the facilities of private investors.

(2) Contributions to costs

The Corporation shall, to the maximum extent practicable, require any person receiving funds under the authorities of this subsection to—

(A) share the costs of feasibility studies and other project planning services funded under this subsection; and

(B) reimburse the Corporation those funds provided under this section, if the person succeeds in project implementation.

(f) Special projects and programs

The Corporation may administer and manage special projects and programs in support of specific transactions undertaken by the Corporation, including programs of financial and advisory support that provide private technical, professional, or managerial assistance in the development of human resources, skills, technology, capital savings, or intermediate financial and investment institutions or cooperatives, and including the initiation of incentives, grants, or studies for energy, women's economic empowerment, microenterprise households, or other small business activities.

(g) Enterprise funds

(1) In general

The Corporation may, following consultation with the Secretary of State, the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, and the heads of other relevant departments or agencies, establish and operate enterprise funds in accordance with this subsection.

(2) Private character of funds

Nothing in this section shall be construed to make an enterprise fund an agency or establishment of the United States Government, or to make the officers, employees, or members of the Board of Directors of an enterprise fund officers or employees of the United States for purposes of title 5.

(3) Purposes for which support may be provided

The Corporation, subject to the approval of the Board, may designate private, nonprofit organizations as eligible to receive support under this subchapter for the following purposes:

(A) To promote development of economic freedom and private sectors, including small- and medium-sized enterprises and joint ventures with the United States and host country participants.

(B) To facilitate access to credit to small- and medium-sized enterprises with sound business plans in countries where there is limited means of accessing credit on market terms.

(C) To promote policies and practices conducive to economic freedom and private sector development.

(D) To attract foreign direct investment capital to further promote private sector development and economic freedom.

(E) To complement the work of the United States Agency for International Development and other donors to improve the overall business-enabling environment, financing the creation and expansion of the private business sector.

(F) To make financially sustainable investments designed to generate measurable social benefits and build technical capacity in addition to financial returns.

(4) Operation of funds

(A) Expenditures

Funds made available to an enterprise fund shall be expended at the minimum rate necessary to make timely payments for projects and activities carried out under this subsection.

(B) Administrative expenses

Not more than 3 percent per annum of the funds made available to an enterprise fund may be obligated or expended for the administrative expenses of the enterprise fund.

(5) Board of Directors

Each enterprise fund established under this subsection should be governed by a Board of Directors comprised of private citizens of the United States or the host country, who—

(A) shall be appointed by the President after consultation with the chairmen and ranking members of the appropriate congressional committees; and

(B) have pursued careers in international business and have demonstrated expertise in international and emerging market investment activities.

(6) Majority member requirement

The majority of the members of the Board of Directors shall be United States citizens who shall have relevant experience relating to the purposes described in paragraph (3).

(7) Reports

Not later than one year after the date of the establishment of an enterprise fund under this subsection, and annually thereafter until the enterprise fund terminates in accordance with paragraph (10), the Board of Directors of the enterprise fund shall—

(A) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report—

(i) detailing the administrative expenses of the enterprise fund during the year preceding the submission of the report;

(ii) describing the operations, activities, engagement with civil society and relevant local private sector entities, development objectives and outcomes, financial condition, and accomplishments of the enterprise fund during that year;

(iii) describing the results of any audit conducted under paragraph (8); and

(iv) describing how audits conducted under paragraph (8) are informing the operations and activities of the enterprise fund; and

(B) publish, on a publicly available internet website of the enterprise fund, each report required by subparagraph (A).

(8) Oversight

(A) Inspector general performance audits

(i) In general

The Inspector General of the Corporation shall conduct periodic audits of the activities of each enterprise fund established under this subsection.

(ii) Consideration

In conducting an audit under clause (i), the Inspector General shall assess whether the activities of the enterprise fund—

(I) support the purposes described in paragraph (3);

(II) result in profitable private sector investing; and

(III) generate measurable social benefits.

(B) Recordkeeping requirements

The Corporation shall ensure that each enterprise fund receiving support under this subsection—

(i) keeps separate accounts with respect to such support; and

(ii) maintains such records as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate effective audits under this paragraph.

(9) Return of funds to Treasury

Any funds resulting from any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of an enterprise fund, in whole or in part, shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States.

(10) Termination

The authority of an enterprise fund to provide support under this subsection shall terminate on the earlier of—

(A) the date that is 10 years after the date of the first expenditure of amounts from the enterprise fund; or

(B) the date on which the enterprise fund is liquidated.

(h) Supervision of support

Support provided under this subchapter shall be subject to section 2382(c) of this title.

(i) Small business development

(1) In general

The Corporation shall undertake, in cooperation with appropriate departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States as well as private entities and others, to broaden the participation of United States small businesses and cooperatives and other small United States investors in the development of small private enterprise in less developed friendly countries or areas.

(2) Outreach to minority-owned and women-owned businesses

(A) In general

The Corporation shall collect data on the involvement of minority- and women-owned businesses in projects supported by the Corporation, including—

(i) the amount of insurance and financing provided by the Corporation to such businesses in connection with projects supported by the Corporation; and

(ii) to the extent such information is available, the involvement of such businesses in procurement activities conducted or supported by the Corporation.

(B) Inclusion in annual report

The Corporation shall include, in its annual report submitted to Congress under section 9653 of this title, the aggregate data collected under this paragraph, in such form as to quantify the effectiveness of the Corporation's outreach activities to minority- and women-owned businesses.

(Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title II, §1421, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3492.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section 7 years after Oct. 5, 2018, see section 9624 of this title.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is title V of Pub. L. 93–344 as added by Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII, §13201(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–609, which is classified generally to subchapter III (§661 et seq.) of chapter 17A of Title 2, The Congress. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 621 of Title 2 and Tables.

1 So in original. The word "of" probably should not appear.
22 U.S.C. § 1645 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter VII: CLAIMS AGAINST VIETNAM / Section 1645: Congressional declaration of purpose
Congressional declaration of purpose
Status: in_force

It is the purpose of this subchapter to provide for the determination of the validity and amounts of outstanding claims against Vietnam which arose out of the nationalization, expropriation, or other taking of (or special measures directed against) property of nationals of the United States. This subchapter shall not be construed as authorizing or as any intention to authorize an appropriation by the United States for the purpose of paying such claims.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VII, §701, as added Pub. L. 96–606, Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3534.)
22 U.S.C. § 7682 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Subchapter V: INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS / Section 7682: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated to the President such sums as may be necessary for the fiscal year 2004 and each fiscal year thereafter to carry out section 262p–8 of this title.

(b) Availability of funds

Amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) are authorized to remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 108–25, title V, §503, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 749.)
22 U.S.C. § 2706a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2706a: Rewards payments
Rewards payments
Status: in_force

The Secretary may transfer to and merge with "Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service" for rewards payments and for expenses of rewards programs unobligated balances of funds appropriated under "Diplomatic and Consular Programs" for this fiscal year and for each fiscal year on and after December 26, 2007, at no later than the end of the fifth fiscal year after the fiscal year for which any such funds were appropriated or otherwise made available.

(Pub. L. 110–161, div. J, title I (part), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2278; Pub. L. 117–328, div. K, title I, par. (6)(F), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4975.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Secretary, referred to in text, means the Secretary of State.

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–328 inserted "and for expenses of rewards programs" after "for rewards payments".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Diplomatic and Consular Programs Account

References to the Diplomatic and Consular Programs account to be construed to include the Diplomatic Programs account in fiscal year 2020 and each fiscal year thereafter, see par. (7) of title I of div. G of Pub. L. 116–94, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 4010a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VI: PROMOTION AND RETENTION / Section 4010a: Reductions in force
Reductions in force
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization and regulations

The Secretary may conduct reductions in force and shall prescribe regulations for the separation of members of the Service holding a career or career candidate appointment under subchapter III of this chapter, under such reductions in force which give due effect to the following:

(1) Organizational changes.

(2) Documented employee knowledge, skills, or competencies.

(3) Tenure of employment.

(4) Documented employee performance.

(5) Military preference, subject to section 3501(a)(3) of title 5.

(b) Applicability of retirement benefits

The provisions of section 4009 of this title shall be applicable to any member of the Service holding a career or career candidate appointment under subchapter III of this chapter, who is separated under the provisions of this section.

(c) Grievance procedure

An employee against whom action is taken under this section may elect either to file a grievance under subchapter XI or to appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board under procedures prescribed by the Board. Grievances under subchapter XI shall be limited to cases of reprisal, interference in the conduct of an employee's official duties, or similarly inappropriate use of the authority of this section.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §611, as added Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §181(a)(2), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 417; amended Pub. L. 103–415, §1(ii), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4303.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 611 of Pub. L. 96–465 was renumbered section 612 and is classified to section 4011 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–415 made technical amendment relating to style of section catchline.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Employment Assistance Referral System for Certain Members of Foreign Service

Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §179, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 415, as amended by Pub. L. 103–415, §1(g), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4300, provided that:

"(a) Referral System.—Certain members of the Foreign Service (as described in subsection (b)), may participate in the Office of Personnel Management's Interagency Placement programs or any successor program. Such members of the Foreign Service shall be treated in the same manner as employees participating in such a program as of the effective date of this Act [Apr. 30, 1994].

"(b) Certain Members of the Foreign Service.—For purposes of this section, the term 'members of the Foreign Service' means any individuals holding career or career candidate appointments under chapter 3 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3941 et seq.]."

Consultation With Director of Office of Personnel Management Prior to Prescribing Regulations for Reductions in Force

Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §181(c), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 418, as amended by Pub. L. 103–415, §1(i), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4301, provided that: "The Secretary of State (or in the case of any other agency authorized by law to utilize the Foreign Service personnel system, the head of that agency) shall consult with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management before prescribing regulations for reductions in force under section 611 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 4010a] (as added by subsection (a) of this section), and shall publish such regulations."
22 U.S.C. § 9905 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 106: CHAMPIONING AMERICAN BUSINESS THROUGH DIPLOMACY / Section 9905: Private sector consultation and coordination
Private sector consultation and coordination
Status: in_force

(a) Consultation with private sector by embassy

In developing the priorities for trade expansion initiatives described in section 9904(d) of this title, embassy mission teams shall convene local representatives of the United States private sector and the private sector of host countries to consult on issues affecting trade at the borders of such countries and take into account the private sector's operational expertise and experience confronting the trade barriers in such countries as well as its recommendations for reform and best practices.

(b) Inclusion of private-sector comments in mission plans

Written comments from local United States private sector representatives shall be included in the trade expansion component of mission plans submitted by the chief of mission to the Secretary of State, with recommendations and comments from the mission team, for the purpose of informing the development of the joint strategic plan on trade expansion priorities required pursuant to section 9904(c)(4) of this title and recommended funding for the implementation of such plan.

(c) Designated embassy point of contact for private sector consultation

Each chief of mission shall designate an appropriate point of contact within the embassy who shall receive recommendations from appropriate private sector representatives regarding the implementation of the strategic plan required under section 9904(c)(4) of this title and ongoing trade barriers negatively impacting priority trade expansion. The chief of mission shall ensure that the designated point of contact shall be reasonably available for consultations with appropriate private sector representatives and to receive recommendations with respect to country-specific issues that may arise that will foreseeably disrupt trade.

(d) Requirement to protect business confidential information

(1) In general

The Secretary of State, Secretary of Commerce, and United States Trade Representative as well as the heads of all other agencies involved in the Economic Diplomacy Action Group established under section 9904(c) of this title shall protect from disclosure any proprietary information submitted by any private sector representative and marked as "business confidential information", unless the party submitting the confidential business information had notice, at the time of submission, that such information would be released by the head of any such department or agency, or such party subsequently consents to the release of the information. To the extent business confidential information is provided, a non-confidential version of the information shall also be provided, in which the business confidential information is summarized or, if necessary, deleted.

(2) Treatment as trade secrets

Proprietary information submitted by a private party in accordance with this chapter shall be considered to be a matter falling within the meaning of trade secrets and commercial or financial information exemption under section 552(b)(4) of title 5 and shall be exempt from disclosure without the express approval of the private party.

(Pub. L. 116–94, div. J, title VII, §709, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3074.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was in the original "this Act" and was translated as reading "this title", meaning title VII of div. J of Pub. L. 116–94, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3069, known as the Championing American Business Through Diplomacy Act of 2019, to reflect the probable intent of Congress, notwithstanding section 3 of Pub. L. 116–94, set out as a note under section 1 of Title 1, General Provisions. Title VII is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9901 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2386 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2386: Experts, consultants, and retired officers
Experts, consultants, and retired officers
Status: in_force

(a) Employment; compensation; renewal of contracts of employment

Experts and consultants or organizations thereof may as authorized by section 3109 of title 5 be employed for the performance of functions under this chapter, and individuals so employed may be compensated at rates not in excess of the daily equivalent of the highest rate which may be paid to an employee under the General Schedule established by section 5332 of title 5, and while away from their homes or regular places of business, they may be paid actual travel expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence at the applicable rate prescribed in the standardized Government travel regulations, as amended from time to time. Contracts for such employment with such organizations, employment of personnel as experts and consultants, not to exceed ten in number, contracts for such employment of retired military personnel with specialized research and development experience, not to exceed ten in number, and contracts for such employment of retired military personnel with specialized experience of a broad politico-military nature, not to exceed five in number, may be renewed annually.

(b) Exemption from certain Federal laws

Service of an individual as an expert or consultant under subsection (a) of this section shall not be considered as employment or holding of office or position bringing such individual within the provisions of section 3323(a) of title 5.

(c) Employment without compensation of persons of outstanding experience and ability

Persons of outstanding experience and ability may be employed without compensation by any agency of the United States Government for the performance of functions under this chapter in accordance with the provisions of section 4560(b) of title 50, and regulations issued thereunder.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, §626, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 451; Pub. L. 88–205, pt. III, §302(c), Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 389; Pub. L. 88–448, title IV, §§401(e), 402(a)(35), Aug. 19, 1964, 78 Stat. 490, 495; Pub. L. 88–633, pt. III, §302(b), Oct. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1014; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. III, §302(d), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 660; Pub. L. 90–137, pt. III, §302(e), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 460; Pub. L. 94–329, title VI, §603, June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 766; Pub. L. 95–88, title I, §126, Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 542.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1977—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–88 struck out provisions under which service of an individual as an expert or consultant under subsec. (a) would not be considered employment as would bring a person under section 8344 of title 5, section 1112 of this title, and any other law limiting the reemployment of retired officers or employees or governing the simultaneous receipt of compensation and retired pay or annuities subject to section 5532 of title 5.

1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–329 substituted "the daily equivalent of the highest rate which may be paid to an employee under the General Schedule established by section 5332 of title 5" for "$100 per diem".

1967—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 90–137, §302(e)(1), substituted reference to section 3109 for former section 55a of title 5.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 90–137, §302(e)(2), substituted references to sections 3323(a) and 8344 of title 5 for former section 2263 of title 5 and to section 5532 of title 5 for former section 3102 of title 5.

1965—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 89–171 redesignated subsec. (d) as (c). Former subsec. (c) was repealed by Pub. L. 88–448, title IV, §402(a)(35), Aug. 19, 1964, 78 Stat. 495.

1964—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 88–633, §302(b)(1), increased compensation limits from $75 to $100 per diem.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–448, §401(e), struck out provisions which stated that service as an expert or consultant under subsection (a) of this section shall not be considered as employment or holding of office or position bringing such individual within the provisions of section 59a of title 5, and inserted ", subject to section 3102 of title 5".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88–448, §402(a)(35), repealed subsec. (c) which related to compensation of retired officers.

Pub. L. 88–633, §302(b)(2), substituted "section 101(3) of Title 37" for "Career Compensation Act of 1949, as amended," in subsec. (c) subsequent to the repeal of such subsection by Pub. L. 88–448.

1963—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–205 substituted "Service of an individual as an expert or consultant under subsection (a) of this section shall not" for "Nor shall such service", and struck out provisions exempting individuals serving under subsec. (a) of this section from coverage of sections 281, 283, or 284 of title 18, section 99 of title 5, or any Federal law imposing restrictions, requirements, or penalties in connection with claims or matters involving the U.S. Government, except insofar as such provisions prohibited such individuals from receiving compensation in respect of any matter in which such individual was directly involved in the performance of such service.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1964 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 88–448 effective on first day of first month which begins later than the ninetieth day following Aug. 19, 1964, see Pub. L. 88–448, title IV, §403(a), Aug. 19, 1964, 78 Stat. 496.

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.