7 U.S.C. § 75 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 3: GRAIN STANDARDS / Section 75: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

When used in this chapter, except where the context requires otherwise—

(a) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States or delegates of the Secretary;

(b) the term "Department of Agriculture" means the United States Department of Agriculture;

(c) the term "person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other business entity;

(d) the term "United States" means the States (including Puerto Rico) and the territories and possessions of the United States (including the District of Columbia);

(e) the term "State" means any one of the States (including Puerto Rico) or territories or possessions of the United States (including the District of Columbia);

(f) the term "interstate or foreign commerce" means commerce from any State to or through any other State, or to or through any foreign country;

(g) the term "grain" means corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, flaxseed, sorghum, soybeans, mixed grain, and any other food grains, feed grains, and oilseeds for which standards are established under section 76 of this title;

(h) the term "export grain" means grain for shipment from the United States to any place outside thereof;

(i) the term "official inspection" means the determination (by original inspection, and when requested, reinspection and appeal inspection) and the certification, by official inspection personnel of the kind, class, quality, or condition of grain, under standards provided for in this chapter, or the condition of vessels and other carriers or receptacles for the transportation of grain insofar as it may affect the quality or condition of such grain; or other facts relating to grain under other criteria approved by the Secretary under this chapter (the term "officially inspected" shall be construed accordingly);

(j) the term "official inspection personnel" means persons licensed or otherwise authorized by the Secretary pursuant to section 84 of this title to perform all or specified functions involved in official inspection, official weighing, or supervision of weighing, or in the supervision of official inspection, official weighing or supervision of weighing;

(k) the term "official mark" means any symbol prescribed by regulations of the Secretary to show the official determination of official inspection or official weighing;

(l) the term "official grade designation" means a numerical or sample grade designation, specified in the standards relating to kind, class, quality, and condition of grain, provided for in this chapter;

(m) the term "official agency" means any State or local governmental agency, or any person, designated by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (f) of section 79 of this title for the conduct of official inspection (other than appeal inspection), or subsection (c) of section 79a of this title for the conduct of official weighing or supervision of weighing (other than appeal weighing);

(n) the terms "official certificate" and "official form" mean, respectively, a certificate or other form prescribed by regulations of the Secretary under this chapter;

(o) the term "official sample" means a sample obtained from a lot of grain by, and submitted for official inspection by, official inspection personnel (the term "official sampling" shall be construed accordingly);

(p) the term "submitted sample" means a sample submitted by or for an interested person for official inspection, other than an official sample;

(q) the term "lot" means a specific quantity of grain identified as such;

(r) the term "interested person" means any person having a contract or other financial interest in grain as the owner, seller, purchaser, warehouseman, or carrier, or otherwise;

(s) the verb "ship" with respect to grain means transfer physical possession of the grain to another person for the purpose of transportation by any means of conveyance, or transport one's own grain by any means of conveyance;

(t) the terms "false", "incorrect", and "misleading" mean, respectively, false, incorrect, and misleading in any particular;

(u) the term "deceptive loading, handling, weighing, or sampling" means any manner of loading, handling, weighing, or sampling that deceives or tends to deceive official inspection personnel, as specified by regulations of the Secretary under this chapter;

(v) the term "export elevator" means any grain elevator, warehouse, or other storage or handling facility in the United States as determined by the Secretary, from which grain is shipped from the United States to an area outside thereof;

(w) the term "export port location" means a commonly recognized port of export in the United States or Canada, as determined by the Secretary, from which grain produced in the United States is shipped to any place outside the United States;

(x) the term "official weighing" means the determination and certification by official inspection personnel of the quantity of a lot of grain under standards provided for in this chapter, based on the actual performance of weighing or the physical supervision thereof, including the physical inspection and testing for accuracy of the weights and scales and the physical inspection of the premises at which the weighing is performed and the monitoring of the discharge of grain into the elevator or conveyance (the terms "officially weigh" and "officially weighed" shall be construed accordingly);

(y) the term "supervision of weighing" means such supervision by official inspection personnel of the grain-weighing process as is determined by the Secretary to be adequate to reasonably assure the integrity and accuracy of the weighing and of certificates which set forth the weight of the grain and such physical inspection by such personnel of the premises at which the grain weighing is performed as will reasonably assure that all the grain intended to be weighed has been weighed and discharged into the elevator or conveyance; and

(z) the term "intracompany shipment" means the shipment, within the United States, of grain lots between facilities owned or controlled by the person owning the grain. The shipment of grain owned by a cooperative, from a facility owned by that cooperative, to an export facility which it jointly owns with other cooperatives, qualifies as an intracompany shipment.

(Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, pt. B, §3, 39 Stat. 483; Pub. L. 90–487, §1, Aug. 15, 1968, 82 Stat. 761; Pub. L. 94–582, §3, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2867; Pub. L. 95–113, title XVI, §§1604(a), 1606(a), Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1026, 1030; Pub. L. 96–437, §1, Oct. 13, 1980, 94 Stat. 1870; Pub. L. 102–237, title X, §1007(1), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1897; Pub. L. 103–156, §12(a), Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1528; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §293(a)(1), (7), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3237.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator" wherever appearing in subsecs. (i) to (k), (m), (n), (u) to (w), and (y), redesignated subsec. (bb) as (z), and struck out former subsecs. (z) and (aa) which read as follows:

"(z) the term 'Administrator' means the Administrator of the Federal Grain Inspection Service or delegates of the Administrator;

"(aa) the term 'Service' means the Federal Grain Inspection Service; and".

1993—Pub. L. 103–156, §12(a), which directed amendment of "Section 3", without specifying the name of the Act being amended, was executed to this section, which is section 3 of the United States Grain Standards Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–156, §12(a)(1), substituted "delegates of the Secretary" for "his delegates".

Subsec. (z). Pub. L. 103–156, §12(a)(2), substituted "delegates of the Administrator" for "his delegates".

1991—Subsecs. (i) to (k), (u) to (x), (z), (aa). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted "the" for "The" before "term".

1980—Subsec. (bb). Pub. L. 96–437 added subsec. (bb).

1977—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 95–113, §1604(a)(1), substituted "sorghum" for "grain sorghum".

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 95–113, §1606(a), struck out reference to the determination of the quantity of sacks of grain upon the request of the interested party applying for inspection.

Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 95–113, §1604(a)(2), substituted "or subsection (c) of section 79a of this title for the conduct of official weighing or supervision of weighing (other than appeal weighing)" for "or subsection (b) of section 79a of this title for the conduct of supervision of weighing".

Subsec. (x). Pub. L. 95–113, §1604(a)(3), substituted "under standards provided for in this chapter" for "under standards provided in this chapter".

Subsec. (y). Pub. L. 95–113, §1604(a)(4), substituted "such supervision by official inspection personnel of the grain-weighing process as is determined by the Administrator to be adequate to reasonably assure the integrity and accuracy of the weighing and of certificates which set forth the weight of the grain and such physical inspection by such personnel of the premises at which the grain weighing is performed as will reasonably assure that all the grain intended to be weighed has been weighed and discharged into the elevator or conveyance" for "the supervision of the weighing process and of the certification of the weight of grain, and the physical inspection of the premises at which the weighing is performed to assure that all the grain intended to be weighed has been weighed and discharged into the elevator or conveyance represented on the weight certificate or other document".

1976—Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(a), substituted "Administrator" for "Secretary", and expanded definition of "official inspection" to include determination "(by original inspection, and when requested, reinspection and appeal inspection)" and determination and certification of the condition of vessels and other carriers or receptacles for the transportation of grain insofar as it may affect the quality or condition of the grain.

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(b), in redefining "official inspection personnel", substituted provision declaring term to mean "persons licensed or otherwise authorized by the Administrator pursuant to section 84 of this title to perform all or specified functions involved in official inspection, official weighing, or supervision of weighing, or in the supervision of official inspection, official weighing or supervision of weighing" for "employees of State or other governmental agencies or commercial agencies or other persons who are licensed to perform all or specified functions involved in official inspection under this chapter; employees of the Department of Agriculture who are authorized to supervise official inspection and to conduct appeal inspection or initial inspection of United States grain in Canadian ports".

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(c), substituted "Administrator" for "Secretary" and "official inspection or official weighing" for "an official inspection".

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(d), substituted "standards relating to kind, class, quality, and condition of grain," for "standards".

Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(e), substituted definition of "official agency" meaning "any State or local governmental agency, or any person, designated by the Administrator pursuant to subsection (f) of section 79 of this title for the conduct of official inspection (other than appeal inspection), or subsection (b) of section 79a of this title for the conduct of supervision of weighing" for definition of "official inspection agency" meaning "the agency or person located at an inspection point designated by the Secretary for the conduct of official inspection under this chapter".

Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(f), substituted "Administrator" for "Secretary".

Subsec. (u). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(g), included within term defined and its definition the concept of "weighing" and substituted "Administrator" for "Secretary".

Subsecs. (v) to (aa). Pub. L. 94–582, §3(h), added subsecs. (v) to (aa).

1968—Pub. L. 90–487 substituted provisions defining terms used in the chapter for provisions that the standards fixed and established by the Secretary of Agriculture be known as the official grain standards of the United States.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–156, §16, Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1530, provided that:

"(a) In General.—Except as provided in subsection (b), the amendments made by this Act [amending this section and sections 75a to 77, 79 to 79b, 79d, 84 to 87e, 87f, 87f–1, 87h, 87j, and 87k of this title and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 79 of this title] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 24, 1993].

"(b) Special Effective Date for Certain Provisions.—The amendments made by sections 2, 3, and 13(a) [amending sections 79d and 87h of this title and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 79 of this title] shall take effect as of September 30, 1993."

Effective Date of 1977 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–113 effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as a note under section 1307 of this title.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 94–582 effective 30 days after Oct. 21, 1976, see section 27 of Pub. L. 94–582, as amended, set out as a note under section 74 of this title.

Effective Date of 1968 Amendment

For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 90–487, see section 2 of Pub. L. 90–487, set out as a note under section 78 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2143 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 54: TRANSPORTATION, SALE, AND HANDLING OF CERTAIN ANIMALS / Section 2143: Standards and certification process for humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals
Standards and certification process for humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals
Status: in_force

(a) Promulgation of standards, rules, regulations, and orders; requirements; research facilities; State authority

(1) The Secretary shall promulgate standards to govern the humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals by dealers, research facilities, and exhibitors.

(2) The standards described in paragraph (1) shall include minimum requirements—

(A) for handling, housing, feeding, watering, sanitation, ventilation, shelter from extremes of weather and temperatures, adequate veterinary care, and separation by species where the Secretary finds necessary for humane handling, care, or treatment of animals; and

(B) for exercise of dogs, as determined by an attending veterinarian in accordance with general standards promulgated by the Secretary, and for a physical environment adequate to promote the psychological well-being of primates.

(3) In addition to the requirements under paragraph (2), the standards described in paragraph (1) shall, with respect to animals in research facilities, include requirements—

(A) for animal care, treatment, and practices in experimental procedures to ensure that animal pain and distress are minimized, including adequate veterinary care with the appropriate use of anesthetic, analgesic, tranquilizing drugs, or euthanasia;

(B) that the principal investigator considers alternatives to any procedure likely to produce pain to or distress in an experimental animal;

(C) in any practice which could cause pain to animals—

(i) that a doctor of veterinary medicine is consulted in the planning of such procedures;

(ii) for the use of tranquilizers, analgesics, and anesthetics;

(iii) for pre-surgical and post-surgical care by laboratory workers, in accordance with established veterinary medical and nursing procedures;

(iv) against the use of paralytics without anesthesia; and

(v) that the withholding of tranquilizers, anesthesia, analgesia, or euthanasia when scientifically necessary shall continue for only the necessary period of time;

(D) that no animal is used in more than one major operative experiment from which it is allowed to recover except in cases of—

(i) scientific necessity; or

(ii) other special circumstances as determined by the Secretary; and

(E) that exceptions to such standards may be made only when specified by research protocol and that any such exception shall be detailed and explained in a report outlined under paragraph (7) and filed with the Institutional Animal Committee.

(4) The Secretary shall also promulgate standards to govern the transportation in commerce, and the handling, care, and treatment in connection therewith, by intermediate handlers, air carriers, or other carriers, of animals consigned by any dealer, research facility, exhibitor, operator of an auction sale, or other person, or any department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States or of any State or local government, for transportation in commerce. The Secretary shall have authority to promulgate such rules and regulations as he determines necessary to assure humane treatment of animals in the course of their transportation in commerce including requirements such as those with respect to containers, feed, water, rest, ventilation, temperature, and handling.

(5) In promulgating and enforcing standards established pursuant to this section, the Secretary is authorized and directed to consult experts, including outside consultants where indicated.

(6)(A) Nothing in this chapter—

(i) except as provided in paragraphs 1 (7) of this subsection, shall be construed as authorizing the Secretary to promulgate rules, regulations, or orders with regard to the design, outlines, or guidelines of actual research or experimentation by a research facility as determined by such research facility;

(ii) except as provided 2 subparagraphs (A) and (C)(ii) through (v) of paragraph (3) and paragraph (7) of this subsection, shall be construed as authorizing the Secretary to promulgate rules, regulations, or orders with regard to the performance of actual research or experimentation by a research facility as determined by such research facility; and

(iii) shall authorize the Secretary, during inspection, to interrupt the conduct of actual research or experimentation.

(B) No rule, regulation, order, or part of this chapter shall be construed to require a research facility to disclose publicly or to the Institutional Animal Committee during its inspection, trade secrets or commercial or financial information which is privileged or confidential.

(7)(A) The Secretary shall require each research facility to show upon inspection, and to report at least annually, that the provisions of this chapter are being followed and that professionally acceptable standards governing the care, treatment, and use of animals are being followed by the research facility during actual research or experimentation.

(B) In complying with subparagraph (A), such research facilities shall provide—

(i) information on procedures likely to produce pain or distress in any animal and assurances demonstrating that the principal investigator considered alternatives to those procedures;

(ii) assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that such facility is adhering to the standards described in this section; and

(iii) an explanation for any deviation from the standards promulgated under this section.

(8) Paragraph (1) shall not prohibit any State (or a political subdivision of such State) from promulgating standards in addition to those standards promulgated by the Secretary under paragraph (1).

(b) Research facility Committee; establishment, membership, functions, etc.

(1) The Secretary shall require that each research facility establish at least one Committee. Each Committee shall be appointed by the chief executive officer of each such research facility and shall be composed of not fewer than three members. Such members shall possess sufficient ability to assess animal care, treatment, and practices in experimental research as determined by the needs of the research facility and shall represent society's concerns regarding the welfare of animal subjects used at such facility. Of the members of the Committee—

(A) at least one member shall be a doctor of veterinary medicine;

(B) at least one member—

(i) shall not be affiliated in any way with such facility other than as a member of the Committee;

(ii) shall not be a member of the immediate family of a person who is affiliated with such facility; and

(iii) is intended to provide representation for general community interests in the proper care and treatment of animals; and

(C) in those cases where the Committee consists of more than three members, not more than three members shall be from the same administrative unit of such facility.

(2) A quorum shall be required for all formal actions of the Committee, including inspections under paragraph (3).

(3) The Committee shall inspect at least semiannually all animal study areas and animal facilities of such research facility and review as part of the inspection—

(A) practices involving pain to animals, and

(B) the condition of animals,

to ensure compliance with the provisions of this chapter to minimize pain and distress to animals. Exceptions to the requirement of inspection of such study areas may be made by the Secretary if animals are studied in their natural environment and the study area is prohibitive to easy access.

(4)(A) The Committee shall file an inspection certification report of each inspection at the research facility. Such report shall—

(i) be signed by a majority of the Committee members involved in the inspection;

(ii) include reports of any violation of the standards promulgated, or assurances required, by the Secretary, including any deficient conditions of animal care or treatment, any deviations of research practices from originally approved proposals that adversely affect animal welfare, any notification to the facility regarding such conditions, and any corrections made thereafter;

(iii) include any minority views of the Committee; and

(iv) include any other information pertinent to the activities of the Committee.

(B) Such report shall remain on file for at least three years at the research facility and shall be available for inspection by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and any funding Federal agency.

(C) In order to give the research facility an opportunity to correct any deficiencies or deviations discovered by reason of paragraph (3), the Committee shall notify the administrative representative of the research facility of any deficiencies or deviations from the provisions of this chapter. If, after notification and an opportunity for correction, such deficiencies or deviations remain uncorrected, the Committee shall notify (in writing) the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and the funding Federal agency of such deficiencies or deviations.

(5) The inspection results shall be available to Department of Agriculture inspectors for review during inspections. Department of Agriculture inspectors shall forward any Committee inspection records which include reports of uncorrected deficiencies or deviations to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and any funding Federal agency of the project with respect to which such uncorrected deficiencies and deviations occurred.

(c) Federal research facilities; establishment, composition, and responsibilities of Federal Committee

In the case of Federal research facilities, a Federal Committee shall be established and shall have the same composition and responsibilities provided in subsection (b), except that the Federal Committee shall report deficiencies or deviations to the head of the Federal agency conducting the research rather than to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. The head of the Federal agency conducting the research shall be responsible for—

(1) all corrective action to be taken at the facility; and

(2) the granting of all exceptions to inspection protocol.

(d) Training of scientists, animal technicians, and other personnel involved with animal care and treatment at research facilities

Each research facility shall provide for the training of scientists, animal technicians, and other personnel involved with animal care and treatment in such facility as required by the Secretary. Such training shall include instruction on—

(1) the humane practice of animal maintenance and experimentation;

(2) research or testing methods that minimize or eliminate the use of animals or limit animal pain or distress;

(3) utilization of the information service at the National Agricultural Library, established under subsection (e); and

(4) methods whereby deficiencies in animal care and treatment should be reported.

(e) Establishment of information service at National Agricultural Library; service functions

The Secretary shall establish an information service at the National Agricultural Library. Such service shall, in cooperation with the National Library of Medicine, provide information—

(1) pertinent to employee training;

(2) which could prevent unintended duplication of animal experimentation as determined by the needs of the research facility; and

(3) on improved methods of animal experimentation, including methods which could—

(A) reduce or replace animal use; and

(B) minimize pain and distress to animals, such as anesthetic and analgesic procedures.

(f) 3 Suspension or revocation of Federal support for research projects; prerequisites; appeal procedure

In any case in which a Federal agency funding a research project determines that conditions of animal care, treatment, or practice in a particular project have not been in compliance with standards promulgated under this chapter, despite notification by the Secretary or such Federal agency to the research facility and an opportunity for correction, such agency shall suspend or revoke Federal support for the project. Any research facility losing Federal support as a result of actions taken under the preceding sentence shall have the right of appeal as provided in sections 701 through 706 of title 5.

(f) 3 Veterinary certificate; contents; exceptions

No dogs or cats, or additional kinds or classes of animals designated by regulation of the Secretary, shall be delivered by any dealer, research facility, exhibitor, operator of an auction sale, or department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States or of any State or local government, to any intermediate handler or carrier for transportation in commerce, or received by any such handler or carrier for such transportation from any such person, department, agency, or instrumentality, unless the animal is accompanied by a certificate issued by a veterinarian licensed to practice veterinary medicine, certifying that he inspected the animal on a specified date, which shall not be more than ten days before such delivery, and, when so inspected, the animal appeared free of any infectious disease or physical abnormality which would endanger the animal or animals or other animals or endanger public health: Provided, however, That the Secretary may by regulation provide exceptions to this certification requirement, under such conditions as he may prescribe in the regulations, for animals shipped to research facilities for purposes of research, testing or experimentation requiring animals not eligible for such certification. Such certificates received by the intermediate handlers and the carriers shall be retained by them, as provided by regulations of the Secretary, in accordance with section 2140 of this title.

(g) Age of animals delivered to registered research facilities; power of Secretary to designate additional classes of animals and age limits

No dogs or cats, or additional kinds or classes of animals designated by regulation of the Secretary, shall be delivered by any person to any intermediate handler or carrier for transportation in commerce except to registered research facilities if they are less than such age as the Secretary may by regulation prescribe. The Secretary shall designate additional kinds and classes of animals and may prescribe different ages for particular kinds or classes of dogs, cats, or designated animals, for the purposes of this section, when he determines that such action is necessary or adequate to assure their humane treatment in connection with their transportation in commerce.

(h) Prohibition of C.O.D. arrangements for transportation of animals in commerce; exceptions

No intermediate handler or carrier involved in the transportation of any animal in commerce shall participate in any arrangement or engage in any practice under which the cost of such animal or the cost of the transportation of such animal is to be paid and collected upon delivery of the animal to the consignee, unless the consignor guarantees in writing the payment of transportation charges for any animal not claimed within a period of 48 hours after notice to the consignee of arrival of the animal, including, where necessary, both the return transportation charges and an amount sufficient to reimburse the carrier for all out-of-pocket expenses incurred for the care, feeding, and storage of such animals.

(Pub. L. 89–544, §13, Aug. 24, 1966, 80 Stat. 352; Pub. L. 91–579, §14, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1562; Pub. L. 94–279, §§9, 10, Apr. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 418, 419; Pub. L. 99–198, title XVII, §1752, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1645.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1985—Subsec. (a)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 99–198, §1752(a)(2), substituted pars. (1) to (3) for first two sentences of subsec. (a) which read as follows: "The Secretary shall promulgate standards to govern the humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals by dealers, research facilities, and exhibitors. Such standards shall include minimum requirements with respect to handling, housing, feeding, watering, sanitation, ventilation, shelter from extremes of weather and temperatures, adequate veterinary care, including the appropriate use of anesthetic, analgesic or tranquilizing drugs, when such use would be proper in the opinion of the attending veterinarian of such research facilities, and separation by species when the Secretary finds such separation necessary for the humane handling, care, or treatment of animals."

Subsec. (a)(4) to (8). Pub. L. 99–198, §1752(b), designated third and fourth sentences of subsec. (a) as par. (4), designated fifth sentence of subsec. (a) as par. (5), and substituted pars. (6) to (8) for last sentence of subsec. (a) which read as follows: "Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as authorizing the Secretary to promulgate rules, regulations, or orders with regard to design, outlines, guidelines, or performance of actual research or experimentation by a research facility as determined by such research facility: Provided, That the Secretary shall require, at least annually, every research facility to show that professionally acceptable standards governing the care, treatment, and use of animals, including appropriate use of anesthetic, analgesic, and tranquilizing drugs, during experimentation are being followed by the research facility during actual research or experimentation."

Subsecs. (b) to (h). Pub. L. 99–198, §1752(a)(1), (c), added subsecs. (b) to (f) and redesignated existing subsecs. (b) to (d) as (f) to (h), respectively.

1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–279, §9, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and inserted provisions authorizing Secretary to promulgate standards, rules and regulations relating to the transportation in commerce, handling, care, and treatment of animals covered under this chapter.

Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 94–279, §10, added subsecs. (b) to (d).

1970—Pub. L. 91–579 added exhibitors to the enumeration of persons to be governed by promulgated standards, added handling to the enumeration of activities covered, expanded existing standard for adequate veterinary care to include the appropriate use of anesthetic, analgesic, or tranquilizing drugs by research facilities when the use of such drugs is considered proper in the opinion of the attending veterinarian at such research facility, directed the Secretary to consult outside consultants and experts in promulgating standards, and inserted requirement of an annual report.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–198 effective one year after Dec. 23, 1985, see section 1759 of Pub. L. 99–198, set out as a note under section 2131 of this title.

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 91–579 effective one year after Dec. 24, 1970, see section 23 of Pub. L. 91–579, set out as a note under section 2131 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "paragraph".

2 So in original. Probably should be followed by "in".

3 So in original. Two subsecs. (f) have been enacted.
7 U.S.C. § 1925 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter I: REAL ESTATE LOANS / Section 1925: Limitations on amount of farm ownership loans
Limitations on amount of farm ownership loans
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall make or insure no loan under sections 1922, 1923, 1924, 1934, and 1935 of this title that would cause the unpaid indebtedness under such sections of any one borrower to exceed the smaller of (1) the value of the farm or other security, or (2) in the case of a loan other than a loan guaranteed by the Secretary, $600,000, or, in the case of a loan guaranteed by the Secretary, $1,750,000 (increased, beginning with fiscal year 2019, by the inflation percentage applicable to the fiscal year in which the loan is guaranteed and reduced by the amount of any unpaid indebtedness of the borrower on loans under subchapter II that are guaranteed by the Secretary).

(b) Determination of value

In determining the value of the farm, the Secretary shall consider appraisals made by competent appraisers under rules established by the Secretary.

(c) Inflation percentage

For purposes of this section, the inflation percentage applicable to a fiscal year is the percentage (if any) by which—

(1) the average of the Prices Paid By Farmers Index (as compiled by the National Agricultural Statistics Service of the Department of Agriculture) for the 12-month period ending on July 31 of the immediately preceding fiscal year; exceeds

(2) the average of such index (as so defined) for the 12-month period that immediately precedes the 12-month period described in paragraph (1).

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §305, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 308; Pub. L. 91–620, §1, Dec. 31, 1970, 84 Stat. 1862; Pub. L. 92–419, title I, §103, Aug. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 658; Pub. L. 91–524, title VIII, §807, as added Pub. L. 93–86, §1(27)(B), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 237; Pub. L. 95–334, title I, §103, Aug. 4, 1978, 92 Stat. 421; Pub. L. 102–554, §3, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4142; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, §101(a) [title VIII, §806(a)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681, 2681–39; Pub. L. 110–234, title V, §5003, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1144; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title V, §5003, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1905; Pub. L. 115–334, title V, §5103, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4669.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, §5103(1), substituted "$600,000" for "$300,000", "$1,750,000" for "$700,000", and "2019" for "2000".

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, §5103(2)(A), substituted "July" for "August".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, §5103(2)(B), substituted "that immediately precedes the 12-month period described in paragraph (1)" for "ending on August 31, 1996".

2008—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 110–246, §5003, substituted "$300,000" for "$200,000".

1998—Pub. L. 105–277 inserted section catchline, designated first sentence as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and substituted "$700,000 (increased, beginning with fiscal year 2000, by the inflation percentage applicable to the fiscal year in which the loan is guaranteed and reduced by the amount of any unpaid indebtedness of the borrower on loans under subchapter II that are guaranteed by the Secretary)" for "$300,000", designated second sentence as subsec. (b) and inserted heading, and added subsec. (c).

1992—Pub. L. 102–554 inserted reference to section 1935 of this title.

1978—Pub. L. 95–334 substituted provisions setting forth requirements for loans under sections 1922, 1923, 1924, and 1934 of this title for provisions setting forth requirements for loans under sections 1922, 1923, and 1924 of this title.

1973—Pub. L. 91–524, §807, as added by Pub. L. 93–86, substituted "$225,000" for "$100,000" in cl. (a), added cl. (b), and redesignated former cl. (b) as (c).

1972—Pub. L. 92–419 struck out "normal" before "value" in first and second sentences and before "market value" in last sentence.

1970—Pub. L. 91–620 substituted "$100,000" for "$60,000".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1378 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1378: Transfer of acreage allotments ensuing from agency acquisition of farmlands
Transfer of acreage allotments ensuing from agency acquisition of farmlands
Status: in_force

(a) Allotment pool

Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the allotment determined for any commodity for any land from which the owner is displaced because of acquisition of the land for any purpose, other than for the continued production of allotted crops, by any Federal, State, or other agency having the right of eminent domain shall be placed in an allotment pool and shall be available only for use in providing allotments for other farms owned by the owner so displaced. Upon application to the county committee, within three years after the date of such displacement, any owner so displaced shall be entitled to have allotments established for other farms owned by him, taking into consideration the land, labor, and equipment available on such other farms for the production of the commodity, crop-rotation practices, and the soil and other physical factors affecting the production of the commodity: Provided, That the acreage used to establish or increase the allotments for such farms shall be transferred from the pool and shall not exceed the allotment most recently established for the farm acquired from the applicant and placed in the pool. During the period of eligibility for the making of allotments under this section for a displaced owner, acreage allotments for the farm from which the owner was so displaced shall be established in accordance with the procedure applicable to other farms, and such allotments shall be considered to have been fully planted. After such allotment is made under this section, the proportionate part, or all, as the case may be, of the past acreage used in establishing the allotment most recently placed in the pool for the farm from which the owner was so displaced shall be transferred to and considered for the purposes of future State, county, and farm acreage allotments to have been planted on the farm to which allotment is made under this section. Except where paragraph (c) 1 requires the transfer of allotment to another portion of the same farm, for the purpose of this section (1) that part of any farm from which the owner is so displaced and that part from which he is not so displaced shall be considered as separate farms; and (2) an owner who voluntarily relinquishes possession of the land subsequent to its acquisition by an agency having the right of eminent domain shall be considered as having been displaced because of such acquisition. The former owner of land acquired as described in this subsection shall not be considered for the purposes hereof to have been displaced from such land during any period for which such land is leased to such former owner: Provided, That the occupancy of the former owner under the lease follows immediately after his occupancy as owner: And provided further, That if a former owner has been displaced prior to April 9, 1960, and no allotment from the land owned by such former owner has been transferred from the allotment pool and such former owner leases the land formerly owned by him prior to two years from April 9, 1960, such allotment shall be retransferred from the pool to such land and the occupancy of such former owner under the lease for the purposes of this subsection shall be deemed to have begun immediately after his displacement as owner. During any year of the 3–year period the allotment from a farm may remain in the allotment pool, the displaced owner may, in accordance with regulations of the Secretary, release for one year at a time any part or all of such farm allotment to the county committee for reapportionment to other farms in the county having allotments for such commodity on the basis of the past acreage of the commodity, land, labor, equipment available for the production of the commodity, crop rotation practices, and soil and other physical facilities affecting the production of the commodity; and the allotment reapportioned shall, for purposes of establishing future farm allotments, not be regarded as planted on the farm to which the allotment was transferred.

(b) Circumstances precluding application of provisions

The provisions of this section shall not be applicable if (1) there is any marketing quota penalty due with respect to the marketing of the commodity from the farm acquired by the Federal, State, or other agency or by the owner of the farm; (2) any of the commodity produced on such farm has not been accounted for as required by the Secretary; or (3) the allotment next established for the farm acquired by the Federal, State, or other agency would have been reduced because of false or improper identification of the commodity produced on or marketed from such farm or due to a false acreage report.

(c) Time of displacement determining application of provisions

This section shall not be applicable, in the case of and 2 cotton, to any farm from which the owner was displaced prior to 1950, in the case of wheat and corn, to any farm from which the owner was displaced prior to 1954, and in the case of rice, to any farm from which the owner was displaced prior to 1955. In any case where the cropland acquired for nonfarming purposes from an owner by an agency having the right of eminent domain represents less than 15 per centum of the total cropland on the farm, the allotment attributable to that portion of the farm so acquired shall be transferred to that portion of the farm not so acquired.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §378, as added Pub. L. 85–835, title V, §501, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 995; amended Pub. L. 86–423, §1, Apr. 9, 1960, 74 Stat. 41; Pub. L. 87–33, May 16, 1961, 75 Stat. 78; Pub. L. 91–524, title IV, §404(3), title VI, §605(1), Nov. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1366, 1378; Pub. L. 92–10, §2, Apr. 14, 1971, 85 Stat. 27; Pub. L. 92–354, July 26, 1972, 86 Stat. 499; Pub. L. 107–171, title I, §1309(h)(4), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 182; Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, §611(l), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1523.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Part of subsec. (d) of section 378 of act Feb. 16, 1938, is set out as a Savings Provision note below. The remainder of such subsec. (d) repealed sections 1313(h), 1334(d), 1344(h), 1353(f), and 1358(h) of this title.

Amendments

2004—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–357, §611(l)(1), which directed amendment of subsec. (c) by substituting "and cotton" for "cotton, and tobacco", was executed by making the substitution for "cotton and tobacco", to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 108–357, §611(l)(2), directed the repeal of subsecs. (d) and (e), added by Pub. L. 91–524, which had temporarily included farm base acreage allotment for upland cotton and domestic allotment for wheat within the term "allotment" as used in this section. See Codification note above and 1970 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 108–357, §611(l)(2), struck out subsec. (f), which provided that the terms "allotment" and "acreage" would be construed to mean "marketing quota" and "poundage", respectively, in applying provisions to a farm for which a quota had been determined under section 1314e of this title.

2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted "cotton and tobacco," for "cotton, tobacco, and peanuts,".

1972—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 92–354 struck out the alternative time limitation for filing applications to the county committee and substituted provisions describing allotments for provisions requiring the allotments to be comparable with allotments determined for other farms in the same area which are similar except for the past acreage of the commodity.

1971—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 92–10 added subsec. (f).

1970—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 91–524, §605(1), temporarily added subsec. (d). See Effective and Termination Dates of 1970 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 91–524, §404(3), temporarily added subsec. (e). See Effective and Termination Dates of 1970 Amendment note below.

1961—Pub. L. 87–33 substituted provisions permitting displaced owners to release part or all of any allotment remaining in the allotment pool for reapportionment to other farms in the county having allotments for such commodity, for provisions making sections 1344(m)(2), 1353(e), and 1358(g) of this title inapplicable to allotments held under the lease by a displaced owner.

1960—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–423 inserted sentences providing that the former owner of land shall not be considered to have been displaced during any period for which such land is leased to him if his occupancy under the lease immediately follows after his occupancy as owner, authorizing retransfer of allotments in cases where a former owner leases land formerly owned by him prior to two years from April 9, 1960, and making sections 1344(m)(2), 1353(e), and 1358(g) of this title inapplicable to allotments on lands held under the lease by a displaced owner which are subject to the provisions of this amendment.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–357 applicable to the 2005 and subsequent crops of tobacco, see section 643 of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as an Effective Date note under section 518 of this title.

Effective and Termination Dates of 1970 Amendment

Pub. L. 91–524, title IV, §404, title VI, §605, Nov. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1366, 1378, as amended by Pub. L. 93–86, §1(11), (22), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 229, 235, provided that the amendments made by sections 404 and 605 are effective only with respect to the 1971 through 1977 crops.

Savings Provision

Amendment by sections 611 to 614 of Pub. L. 108–357 not to affect the liability of any person under any provision of law so amended with respect to the 2004 or an earlier crop of tobacco, see section 614 of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as a note under section 515 of this title.

Act Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §378(d), as added by Pub. L. 85–835, title V, §501, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 995, provided in part that: "any transfer or reassignment of allotment heretofore made under the provisions of these sections [former sections 1313(h), 1334(d), 1344(h), 1353(f), and 1358(h) of this title] shall remain in effect, and any displaced farm owner for whom an allotment has been established under such repealed sections [such sections] shall not be eligible for additional allotment under subsection (a) of this section [7 U.S.C. 1378(a)] because of such displacement."

1 So in original. Probably should read "subsection (c)".

2 So in original. The word "and" probably should not appear.
7 U.S.C. § 2031 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 51: SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM / Section 2031: Minnesota Family Investment Project
Minnesota Family Investment Project
Status: in_force

(a) In general

(1) Subject to paragraph (2), upon written application of the State of Minnesota that complies with this section and sections 6 to 11, 13, 130, and 132 of article 5 of 282 of the 1989 Laws of Minnesota, and after approval of such application by the Secretary in accordance with subsections (b) and (d), the State may implement a family investment demonstration project (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Project") in parts of the State to determine whether the Project more effectively helps families to become self-supporting and enhances their ability to care for their children than do the supplemental nutrition assistance program and programs under parts A and F 1 of title IV of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.]. The State may provide cash payments under the Project, subject to paragraph (2), that replace assistance otherwise available under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act.

(2) The Project may be implemented only in accordance with this section and only if the Secretary of Health and Human Services approves an application submitted by the State permitting the State to include in the Project families who are eligible to receive benefits under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act.

(b) Required terms and conditions of Project

The application submitted by the State under subsection (a) shall provide an assurance that the Project shall satisfy all of the following requirements:

(1) Only families may be eligible to receive assistance and services through the Project.

(2) Participating families, families eligible for or participating in the program authorized under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.] or the supplemental nutrition assistance program that are assigned to and found eligible for the Project, and families required to submit an application for the Project that are found eligible for the Project shall be ineligible to receive benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(3)(A) Subject to the provisions of this paragraph and any reduction imposed under subsection (c)(3) of this section, the value of assistance provided to participating families shall not be less than the aggregate value of the assistance such families could receive under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and part A of title IV of the Social Security Act if such families did not participate in the Project.

(B) For purposes of satisfying the requirement specified in subparagraph (A)—

(i) payments for child care expenses under the Project shall be considered part of the value of assistance provided to participating families with earnings;

(ii) payments for child care expenses for families without earnings shall not be considered part of the value of assistance provided to participating families or the aggregate value of assistance that such families could have received under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and part A of title IV of the Social Security Act; and

(iii) any child support payments not assigned to the State under the provisions of part A of title IV of the Social Security Act, less $50 per month, shall be considered part of the aggregate value of assistance participating families would receive if such families did not participate in the Project;

(C) For purposes of satisfying the requirement specified in subparagraph (A), the State shall—

(i) identify the sets of characteristics indicative of families that might receive less assistance under the Project;

(ii) establish a mechanism to determine, for each participating family that has a set of characteristics identified under clause (i) whether such family could receive more assistance, in the aggregate, under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and part A of title IV of the Social Security Act if such family did not participate in the project;

(iii) increase the amount of assistance provided under the Project to any family that could receive more assistance, in the aggregate, under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and part A of title IV of the Social Security Act if such family did not participate in the Project, so that the assistance provided under the Project to such family is not less than the aggregate amount of assistance such family could receive under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and part A of title IV of the Social Security Act if such family did not participate in the Project; and

(iv) increase the amount of assistance paid to participating families, if the State or locality imposes a sales tax on food, by the amount needed to compensate for the tax.

This subparagraph shall not be construed to require the State to make the determination under clause (ii) for families that do not have a set of characteristics identified under clause (i).

(D)(i) The State shall designate standardized amounts of assistance provided as food assistance under the Project and notify monthly each participating family of such designated amount.

(ii) The amount of food assistance so designated shall be at least the value of benefits such family could have received under the supplemental nutrition assistance program if the Project had not been implemented. The provisions of this subparagraph shall not require that the State make individual determinations as to the amount of assistance under the Project designated as food assistance.

(iii) The State shall periodically allow participating families the option to receive such food assistance in the form of benefits.

(E)(i) Individuals ineligible for the Project who are members of a household including a participating family shall have their eligibility for the supplemental nutrition assistance program determined and have their benefits calculated and issued following the standards established under the supplemental nutrition assistance program, except as provided differently in this subparagraph.

(ii) The State agency shall determine such individuals' eligibility for benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and the amount of such benefits without regard to the participating family.

(iii) In computing such individuals' income for purposes of determining eligibility (under section 2014(c)(1) of this title) and benefits, the State agency shall apply the maximum excess shelter expense deduction specified under section 2014(e) of this title.

(iv) Such individuals' monthly allotment shall be the higher of $10 or 75 percent of the amount calculated following the standards of the supplemental nutrition assistance program and the foregoing requirements of this subparagraph, rounded to the nearest lower whole dollar.

(4) The Project shall include education, employment, and training services equivalent to those offered under the employment and training program described in section 2015(d)(4) of this title to families similar to participating families elsewhere in the State.

(5) The State may select families for participation in the Project through submission and approval of an application for participation in the Project or by assigning to the Project families that are determined eligible for or are participating in the program authorized by part A of title IV of the Social Security Act or the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(6) Whenever selection for participation in the Project is accomplished through submission and approval of an application for the Project—

(A) the State shall promptly determine eligibility for the Project, and issue assistance to eligible families, retroactive to the date of application, not later than thirty days following the family's filing of an application;

(B) in the case of families determined ineligible for the Project upon application, the application for the Project shall be deemed an application for the supplemental nutrition assistance program, and benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program shall be issued to those found eligible following the standards established under the supplemental nutrition assistance program;

(C) expedited benefits shall be provided under terms no more restrictive than under paragraph (9) of section 2020(e) of this title and the laws of Minnesota and shall include expedited issuance of designated food assistance provided through the Project or expedited benefits through the supplemental nutrition assistance program;

(D) each individual who contacts the State in person during office hours to make what may reasonably be interpreted as an oral or written request to receive financial assistance shall receive and shall be permitted to file an application form on the same day such contact is first made;

(E) provision shall be made for telephone contact by, mail delivery of forms to and mail return of forms by, and subsequent home or telephone interview with, elderly individuals, physically or mentally handicapped individuals, and individuals otherwise unable to appear in person solely because of transportation difficulties and similar hardships;

(F) a family may be represented by another person if the other person has clearly been designated as the representative of such family for that purpose and the representative is an adult who is sufficiently aware of relevant circumstances, except that the State may—

(i) restrict the number of families who may be represented by such person; and

(ii) otherwise establish criteria and verification standards for representation under this subparagraph; and

(G) the State shall provide a method for reviewing applications to participate in the Project submitted by, and distributing assistance under the Project to, families that do not reside in permanent dwellings or who have no fixed mailing address.

(7) Whenever selection for participation in the Project is accomplished by assigning families that are determined eligible for or participating in the program authorized by part A of title IV of the Social Security Act or the supplemental nutrition assistance program—

(A) the State shall provide eligible families assistance under the Project no later than benefits would have been provided following the standards established under the supplemental nutrition assistance program; and

(B) the State shall ensure that assistance under the Project is provided so that there is no interruption in benefits for families participating in the program under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act or the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(8) Paragraphs (1)(B) and (8) of section 2020(e) of this title shall apply with respect to applicants and participating families in the same manner as such paragraphs apply with respect to applicants and participants in the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(9) Assistance provided under the Project shall be reduced to reflect the pro rata value of any benefits received under the supplemental nutrition assistance program for the same period.

(10)(A) The State shall provide each family or family member whose participation in the Project ends and each family whose participation is terminated with notice of the existence of the supplemental nutrition assistance program and the person or agency to contact for more information.

(B)(i) Following the standards specified in subparagraph (C), the State shall ensure that benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program are provided to participating families in case the Project is terminated or to participating families or family members that are determined ineligible for the Project because of income, resources, or change in household composition, if such families or individuals are determined eligible for the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Benefits shall be issued to eligible families and individuals described in this clause retroactive to the date of termination from the Project; and

(ii) If sections 256.031 through 256.036 of the Minnesota Statutes, 1989 Supplement, or Minnesota Laws 1989, chapter 282, article 5, section 130, are amended to reduce or eliminate benefits provided under those sections or restrict the rights of Project applicants or participating families, the State shall exclude from the Project applicants or participating families or individuals affected by such amendments and follow the standards specified in subparagraph (C), except that the State shall continue to pay from State funds an amount equal to the food assistance portion to such families and individuals until the State determines eligibility or ineligibility for the supplemental nutrition assistance program or the family or individual has failed to supply the needed additional information within ten days. Food benefits shall be provided to families and individuals excluded from the Project under this clause who are determined eligible for the supplemental nutrition assistance program retroactive to the date of the determination of eligibility. The Secretary shall pay to the State the value of the benefits for which such families and individuals would have been eligible in the absence of food assistance payments under this clause from the date of termination from the Project to the date benefits are provided.

(C) Each family whose Project participation is terminated shall be screened for potential eligibility for the supplemental nutrition assistance program and if the screening indicates potential eligibility, the family or family member shall be given a specific request to supply all additional information needed to determine such eligibility and assistance in completing a signed supplemental nutrition assistance program application including provision of any relevant information obtained by the State for purpose of the Project. If the family or family member supplies such additional information within ten days after receiving the request, the State shall, within five days after the State receives such information, determine whether the family or family member is eligible for the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Each family or family member who is determined through the screening or otherwise to be ineligible for the supplemental nutrition assistance program shall be notified of that determination.

(11) Section 2020(e)(10) of this title shall apply with respect to applicant and participating families in the same manner as such paragraph applies with respect to applicants and participants in the supplemental nutrition assistance program, except that families shall be given notice of any action for which a hearing is available in a manner consistent with the notice requirements of the regulations implementing sections 402(a)(4) and 482(h) 1 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 602(a)(4)].

(12) For each fiscal year, the Secretary shall not be liable for any costs related to carrying out the Project in excess of those that the Secretary would have been liable for had the Project not been implemented, except for costs for evaluating the Project, but shall adjust for the full amount of the federal share of increases or decreases in costs that result from changes in economic, demographic, and other conditions in the State based on data specific to the State, changes in eligibility or benefit levels authorized by this chapter, or changes in amounts of Federal funds available to States and localities under the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(13) The State shall carry out the supplemental nutrition assistance program throughout the State while the State carries out the Project.

(14)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the State will carry out the Project during a five-year period beginning on the date the first family receives assistance under the Project.

(B) The Project may be terminated—

(i) by the State one hundred and eighty days after the State gives notice to the Secretary that it intends to terminate the Project;

(ii) by the Secretary one hundred and eighty days after the Secretary, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, determines that the State materially failed to comply with this section; or

(iii) whenever the State and the Secretary jointly agree to terminate the Project.

(15) Not more than six thousand families may participate in the Project simultaneously.

(c) Additional terms and conditions of Project

The Project shall be subject to the following additional terms and conditions:

(1) The State may require any parent in a participating family to participate in education, employment, or training requirements unless the individual is a parent in a family with one parent who—

(A) is ill, incapacitated, or sixty years of age or older;

(B) is needed in the home because of the illness or incapacity of another family member;

(C) is the parent of a child under one year of age and is personally providing care for the child;

(D) is the parent of a child under six years of age and is employed or participating in education or employment and training services for twenty or more hours a week;

(E) works thirty or more hours a week or, if the number of hours worked cannot be verified, earns at least the Federal minimum hourly wage rate multiplied by thirty per week; or

(F) is in the second or third trimester of pregnancy.

(2) The State shall not require any parent of a child under six years of age in a participating family with only one parent to be employed or participate in education or employment and training services for more than twenty hours a week.

(3) For any period during which an individual required to participate in education, employment, or training requirements fails to comply without good cause with a requirement imposed by the State under paragraph (1), the amount of assistance to the family under the Project may be reduced by an amount not more than 10 percent of the assistance the family would be eligible for with no income other than that from the Project.

(d) Funding

(1) If an application submitted under subsection (a) complies with the requirements specified in subsection (b), then the Secretary shall—

(A) approve such application; and

(B) subject to subsection (b)(12) from the funds appropriated under this chapter provide grant awards and pay the State each calendar quarter for—

(i) the cost of food assistance provided under the Project equal to the amount that would have otherwise been issued in the form of benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program had the Project not been implemented, as estimated under a methodology satisfactory to the Secretary after negotiations with the State; and

(ii) the administrative costs incurred by the State to provide food assistance under the Project that are authorized under subsections (a), (g), (h)(2), and (h)(3) of section 2025 of this title equal to the amount that otherwise would have been paid under such subsections had the Project not been implemented, as estimated under a methodology satisfactory to the Secretary after negotiations with the State: Provided, That payments made under subsection (g) of section 2025 of this title shall equal payments that would have been made if the Project had not been implemented.

(2) The Secretary shall periodically adjust payments made to the State under paragraph (1) to reflect—

(A) the cost of benefits issued to individuals ineligible for the Project specified in subsection (b)(3)(E) in excess of the amount that would have been issued to such individuals had the Project not been implemented, as estimated under a methodology satisfactory to the Secretary after negotiations with the State; and

(B) the cost of benefits issued to families exercising the option specified in subsection (b)(3)(D)(iii) in excess of the amount that would have been issued to such individuals had the Project not been implemented, as estimated under a methodology satisfactory to the Secretary after negotiations with the State.

(3) Payments under paragraph (1)(B) shall include adjustments, as estimated under a methodology satisfactory to the Secretary after negotiations with the State, for increases or decreases in the costs of providing food assistance and associated administrative costs that result from changes in economic, demographic, or other conditions in the State based on data specific to the State, changes in eligibility or benefit levels authorized by this chapter, and changes in or additional amounts of Federal funds available to States and localities under the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(e) Waiver

With respect to the Project, the Secretary shall waive compliance with any requirement contained in this chapter (other than this section) that, if applied, would prevent the State from carrying out the Project or effectively achieving its purpose.

(f) Project audits

The Comptroller General of the United States shall—

(1) conduct periodic audits of the operation of the Project to verify the amounts payable to the State from time to time under subsection (d); and

(2) submit to the Secretary, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the results of each such audit.

(g) Construction

(1) For purposes of any Federal, State, or local law other than part A of title IV of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.] or this chapter—

(A) cash assistance provided under the Project that is designated as food assistance by the State shall be treated in the same manner as benefits allotments under the supplemental nutrition assistance program are treated; and

(B) participating families shall be treated in the same manner as participants in the supplemental nutrition assistance program are treated.

(2) Nothing in this section shall—

(A) allow payments made to the State under the Project to be less than the amounts the State and eligible households within the State would have received if the Project had not been implemented; or

(B) require the Secretary to incur costs as a result of the Project in excess of costs that would have been incurred if the Project had not been implemented, except for costs for evaluation.

(h) Quality control

Participating families shall be excluded from any sample taken for purposes of making any determination under section 2025(c) of this title. For purposes of establishing the total value of allotments under section 2025(c)(1) of this title, benefits and the amount of federal liability for food assistance provided under the Project as limited by subsection (b)(12) of this section shall be treated as allotments issued under the supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(i) Evaluation

(1) The State shall develop and implement a plan for an independent evaluation designed to provide reliable information on Project impacts and implementation. The evaluation will include treatment and control groups and will include random assignment of families to treatment and control groups in an urban setting. The evaluation plan shall satisfy the evaluation concerns of the Secretary of Agriculture such as effects on benefits to participants, costs of the Project, payment accuracy, administrative consequences, any reduction in welfare dependency, any reduction in total assistance payments, and the consequences of cash payments on household expenditures, and food consumption. The evaluation plan shall take into consideration the evaluation requirements and administrative obligations of the State. The evaluation will measure the effects of the Project in regard to goals of increasing family income, prevention of long-term dependency, movement toward self-support, and simplification of the welfare system.

(2) The State shall pay 50 percent of the cost of developing and implementing such plan and the Federal Government shall pay the remainder.

(j) Definitions

For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:

(1) The term "family" means the following individuals who live together: a minor child or a group of minor children related to each other as siblings, half siblings, stepsiblings, or adopted siblings, together with their natural or adoptive parents, or their caregiver. Family also includes a pregnant woman in the third trimester of pregnancy with no children.

(2) The term "contract" means a plan to help a family pursue self-sufficiency, based on the State's assessment of the family's needs and abilities and developed with a parental caregiver.

(3) The term "caregiver" means a minor child's natural or adoptive parent or parents who live in the home with the minor child. For purposes of determining eligibility for the Project, "caregiver" also means any of the following individuals who live with and provide care and support to a minor child when the minor child's natural or adoptive parent or parents do not reside in the same home: grandfather, grandmother, brother, sister, stepfather, stepmother, stepbrother, stepsister, uncle, aunt, first cousin, nephew, niece, persons of preceding generations as denoted by prefixes of "great" or "great-great" or a spouse of any person named in the above groups even after the marriage ends by death or divorce.

(4) The term "State" means the State of Minnesota.

(Pub. L. 88–525, §22, as added Pub. L. 101–202, Dec. 6, 1989, 103 Stat. 1796; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title IX, §941(11), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1893; Pub. L. 107–171, title IV, §4118(d), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 321; Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, §§4001(b), 4002(a)(11), 4115(b)(15), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1092, 1095, 1108; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title IV, §§4001(b), 4002(a)(11), 4115(b)(15), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1853, 1856, 1870; Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, §4030(k), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 814.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b)(2), (3)(A), (B)(ii), (iii), (C)(ii), (iii), (5), (7), and (g)(1), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620. Part A of title IV of the Act is classified generally to part A (§601 et seq.) of subchapter IV of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Part F of title IV of the Act was classified generally to part F (§681 et seq.) of subchapter IV of chapter 7 of Title 42, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–193, title I, §108(e), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2167. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.

Section 482 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(11), was classified to section 682 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–193, title I, §108(e), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2167.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (b)(10)(B)(i). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "Benefits shall" for "Food benefits shall".

2008—Pub. L. 110–246, §4002(a)(11)(A), substituted "Minnesota Family Investment Project" for "Food stamp portion of Minnesota Family Investment Plan" in section catchline.

Pub. L. 110–246, §4001(b), substituted "supplemental nutrition assistance program" for "food stamp program" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (b)(3)(D). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(B), substituted "benefits" for "coupons" in two places.

Subsec. (b)(9). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(B), substituted "benefits" for "coupons".

Subsec. (b)(10)(B)(i). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(B), substituted "benefits shall be issued" for "coupons shall be issued".

Subsec. (b)(10)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(A), (B), substituted "benefits shall be provided" for "coupons shall be provided", "value of the benefits" for "value of the food coupons", and "the date benefits" for "the date food coupons".

Subsec. (b)(12). Pub. L. 110–246, §4002(a)(11)(B), made technical amendment to reference in original Act which appears in text as reference to this chapter.

Subsec. (d)(1), (2). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(B), substituted "benefits" for "coupons" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 110–246, §4002(a)(11)(B), made technical amendment to reference in original Act which appears in text as reference to this chapter.

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, §4002(a)(11)(C), made technical amendment to reference in original Act which appears in introductory provisions as reference to this chapter.

Subsec. (g)(1)(A). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(C), substituted "benefits" for "coupon".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(15)(A), substituted "benefits" for "food coupons".

2002—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted "section 2025(c)(1) of this title" for "section 2025(c)(1)(C) of this title" and struck out "Payments for administrative costs incurred by the State shall be included for purposes of establishing the adjustment under section 2025(c)(1)(A) of this title." at end.

1991—Pub. L. 102–237, §941(11)(A), inserted section catchline.

Subsec. (d)(2)(B). Pub. L. 102–237, §941(11)(B), substituted "subsection (b)(3)(D)(iii)" for "paragraph (b)(3)(D)(iii)".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 102–237, §941(11)(C), substituted "subsection (b)(12)" for "subsection b(12)".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Amendment by sections 4001(b), 4002(a)(11), and 4115(b)(15) of Pub. L. 110–246 effective Oct. 1, 2008, see section 4407 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 1161 of Title 2, The Congress.

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–171 not applicable with respect to any sanction, appeal, new investment agreement, or other action by the Secretary of Agriculture or a State agency that is based on a payment error rate calculated for any fiscal year before fiscal year 2003, see section 4118(e) of Pub. L. 107–171, set out as a note under section 2022 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–171 effective Oct. 1, 2002, except as otherwise provided, see section 4405 of Pub. L. 107–171, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1161 of Title 2, The Congress.

Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–237 effective and to be implemented no later than Feb. 1, 1992, see section 1101(d)(1) of Pub. L. 102–237, set out as a note under section 1421 of this title.

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions in subsec. (f)(2) of this section relating to submitting reports on periodic audits to certain committees of Congress, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and page 2 of House Document No. 103–7.

1 See References in Text note below.
7 U.S.C. § 8307 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 109: ANIMAL HEALTH PROTECTION / Section 8307: Inspections, seizures, and warrants
Inspections, seizures, and warrants
Status: in_force

(a) Guidelines

The activities authorized by this section shall be carried out consistent with guidelines approved by the Attorney General.

(b) Warrantless inspections

The Secretary may stop and inspect, without a warrant, any person or means of conveyance moving—

(1) into the United States, to determine whether the person or means of conveyance is carrying any animal or article regulated under this chapter;

(2) in interstate commerce, on probable cause to believe that the person or means of conveyance is carrying any animal or article regulated under this chapter; or

(3) in intrastate commerce from any State, or any portion of a State, quarantined under section 8306(b) of this title, on probable cause to believe that the person or means of conveyance is carrying any animal or article quarantined under section 8306(b) of this title.

(c) Inspections with warrants

(1) In general

The Secretary may enter, with a warrant, any premises in the United States for the purpose of making inspections and seizures under this chapter.

(2) Application and issuance of warrants

(A) In general

On proper oath or affirmation showing probable cause to believe that there is on certain premises any animal, article, facility, or means of conveyance regulated under this chapter, a United States judge, a judge of a court of record in the United States, or a United States magistrate judge may issue a warrant for the entry on premises within the jurisdiction of the judge or magistrate to make any inspection or seizure under this chapter.

(B) Execution

The warrant may be applied for and executed by the Secretary or any United States marshal.

(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10408, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 500.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), was in the original "this subtitle", meaning subtitle E (§§10401–10418) of title X of Pub. L. 107–171, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 494, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of subtitle E to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8301 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of the Secretary of Agriculture relating to agricultural import and entry inspection activities under this chapter to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 231, 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.

Preclearance Quarantine Inspections

Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10811, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 531, provided that:

"(a) Preclearance Inspections Required.—The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, shall conduct preclearance quarantine inspections of persons, baggage, cargo, and any other articles destined for movement from the State of Hawaii to any of the following—

"(1) The continental United States.

"(2) Guam.

"(3) Puerto Rico.

"(4) The United States Virgin Islands.

"(b) Inspection Locations.—The preclearance quarantine inspections required by subsection (a) shall be conducted at all direct departure and interline airports in the State of Hawaii.

"(c) Limitation.—The Secretary shall not implement this section unless appropriations for necessary expenses of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service for inspection, quarantine, and regulatory activities are increased by an amount not less than $3,000,000 in an Act making appropriations for fiscal year 2003."
7 U.S.C. § 1926d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter I: REAL ESTATE LOANS / Section 1926d: Water systems for rural and Native villages in Alaska
Water systems for rural and Native villages in Alaska
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary may make grants to the State of Alaska, a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 105–83; 111 Stat. 1597), and Native villages (as defined in section 1602 of title 43) for the benefit of rural or Native villages in Alaska to provide for the development and construction of water and wastewater systems to improve the health and sanitation conditions in those villages.

(b) Matching funds

To be eligible to receive a grant under subsection (a), the State of Alaska shall provide 25 percent in matching funds from non-Federal sources for any grant awarded under subsection (a).

(c) Consultation with State of Alaska

The Secretary shall consult with the State of Alaska on a method of prioritizing the allocation of grants under subsection (a) according to the needs of, and relative health and sanitation conditions in, each village.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

(1) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2023.

(2) Training and technical assistance

Not more than 2 percent of the amount made available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year may be used by the State of Alaska, and not more than 2 percent of the amount made available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year may be used by a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 105–83; 111 Stat. 1597), for training and technical assistance programs relating to the operation and management of water and waste disposal services in rural and Native villages.

(3) Availability

Funds appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1) shall be available until expended.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §306D, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §757, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1131; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, §101(a) [title VII, §745], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681, 2681–32; Pub. L. 106–224, title II, §256, June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 424; Pub. L. 107–171, title VI, §6011, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 357; Pub. L. 110–234, title VI, §6009(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VI, §6009(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1924; Pub. L. 113–79, title VI, §6008, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 843; Pub. L. 115–334, title VI, §6408, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4761.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d)(2), is section 325 of Pub. L. 105–83, title III, Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1597, which is not classified to the Code.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–334, §6408(1), substituted "Alaska, a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 105–83; 111 Stat. 1597), and Native villages (as defined in section 1602 of title 43) for" for "Alaska for".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–334, §6408(2), inserted "for any grant awarded under subsection (a)" before period at end.

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, §6408(3)(A), substituted "2023" for "2018".

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, §6408(3)(B), substituted "Alaska, and not more than 2 percent of the amount made available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year may be used by a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 105–83; 111 Stat. 1597)," for "Alaska".

2014—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "2018" for "2012".

2008—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, §6009(a), substituted "2008 through 2012" for "2001 through 2007".

2002—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted "through 2007" for "and 2002".

2000—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–224 added subsec. (d) and struck out heading and text of former subsec. (d). Text read as follows: "There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1996 through 2002."

1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted "25 percent in matching" for "equal matching".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted "$20,000,000" for "$15,000,000".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1517 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 36: CROP INSURANCE / Subchapter I: FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE / Section 1517: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

The sections of this subchapter and subdivisions of sections are declared to be separable, and in the event any one or more sections or parts of the same of this subchapter be held to be unconstitutional, the same shall not affect the validity of other sections or parts of sections of this subchapter.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title V, §517, 52 Stat. 77; Pub. L. 110–234, title XII, §12033(c)(2)(B), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1405; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XII, §12033(c)(2)(B), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2167.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–246, §12033(c)(2)(B), substituted "this subchapter" for "this chapter" wherever appearing.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 165 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 8: NURSERY STOCK AND OTHER PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS / Section 165: Repealed. Pub. L. 88-448, title IV, §402(a)(13), Aug. 19, 1964, 78 Stat. 493
Repealed. Pub. L. 88-448, title IV, §402(a)(13), Aug. 19, 1964, 78 Stat. 493
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 20, 1912, ch. 308, §12, 37 Stat. 319, related to appointment of members of a Federal Horticultural Board from among employees of Department of Agriculture.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective on first day of first month which begins later than ninetieth day following Aug. 19, 1964, see section 403 of Pub. L. 88–448.
7 U.S.C. § 1635e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 38: DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS / Subchapter II: LIVESTOCK MANDATORY REPORTING / Section 1635e: Mandatory reporting for live cattle
Mandatory reporting for live cattle
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Secretary shall establish a program of live cattle price information reporting that will—

(1) provide timely, accurate, and reliable market information;

(2) facilitate more informed marketing decisions; and

(3) promote competition in the cattle slaughtering industry.

(b) General reporting provisions applicable to packers and the Secretary

(1) In general

Whenever the prices or quantities of cattle are required to be reported or published under this section, the prices or quantities shall be categorized so as to clearly delineate—

(A) the prices or quantities, as applicable, of the cattle purchased in the domestic market; and

(B) the prices or quantities, as applicable, of imported cattle.

(2) Packer-owned cattle

Information required under this section for packer-owned cattle shall include quantity and carcass characteristics, but not price.

(c) Daily reporting

(1) In general

The corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant shall report to the Secretary at least twice each reporting day (including once not later than 10:00 a.m. Central Time and once not later than 2:00 p.m. Central Time) the following information for each cattle type:

(A) The prices for cattle (per hundredweight) established on that day, categorized by—

(i) type of purchase;

(ii) the quantity of cattle purchased on a live weight basis;

(iii) the quantity of cattle purchased on a dressed weight basis;

(iv) a range of the estimated live weights of the cattle purchased;

(v) an estimate of the percentage of the cattle purchased that were of a quality grade of choice or better; and

(vi) any premiums or discounts associated with—

(I) weight, grade, or yield; or

(II) any type of purchase.

(B) The quantity of cattle delivered to the packer (quoted in numbers of head) on that day, categorized by—

(i) type of purchase;

(ii) the quantity of cattle delivered on a live weight basis; and

(iii) the quantity of cattle delivered on a dressed weight basis.

(C) The quantity of cattle committed to the packer (quoted in numbers of head) as of that day, categorized by—

(i) type of purchase;

(ii) the quantity of cattle committed on a live weight basis; and

(iii) the quantity of cattle committed on a dressed weight basis.

(D) The terms of trade regarding the cattle, as applicable.

(2) Publication

The Secretary shall make the information available to the public not less frequently than three times each reporting day.

(d) Weekly reporting

(1) In general

The corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant shall report to the Secretary, on the first reporting day of each week, not later than 9:00 a.m. Central Time, the following information applicable to the prior slaughter week:

(A) The quantity of cattle purchased through a forward contract that were slaughtered.

(B) The quantity of cattle delivered under a formula marketing arrangement that were slaughtered.

(C) The quantity and carcass characteristics of packer-owned cattle that were slaughtered.

(D) The quantity, basis level, and delivery month for all cattle purchased through forward contracts that were agreed to by the parties.

(E) The range and average of intended premiums and discounts that are expected to be in effect for the current slaughter week.

(2) Formula purchases

The corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant shall report to the Secretary, on the first reporting day of each week, not later than 9:00 a.m. Central Time, the following information for cattle purchased through a formula marketing arrangement and slaughtered during the prior slaughter week:

(A) The quantity (quoted in both numbers of head and hundredweights) of cattle.

(B) The weighted average price paid for a carcass, including applicable premiums and discounts.

(C) The range of premiums and discounts paid.

(D) The weighted average of premiums and discounts paid.

(E) The range of prices paid.

(F) The aggregate weighted average price paid for a carcass.

(G) The terms of trade regarding the cattle, as applicable.

(3) Publication

The Secretary shall make available to the public the information obtained under paragraphs (1) and (2) on the first reporting day of the current slaughter week, not later than 10:00 a.m. Central Time.

(e) Regional reporting of cattle types

(1) In general

The Secretary shall determine whether adequate data can be obtained on a regional basis for fed Holsteins and other fed dairy steers and heifers, cows, and bulls based on the number of packers required to report under this section.

(2) Report

Not later than 2 years after October 22, 1999, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on the determination of the Secretary under paragraph (1).

(Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 966, title II, §222, as added Pub. L. 106–78, title IX, §911(2), Oct. 22, 1999, 113 Stat. 1191.)
7 U.S.C. § 6712 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 96: GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE / Section 6712: Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program
Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Advisory Council

The term "Advisory Council" means the Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program Advisory Council established under subsection (f)(1).

(2) Agriculture or forestry credit

The term "agriculture or forestry credit" means a credit representing an amount of greenhouse gas emissions from an agricultural or forestry activity that are prevented, reduced, or mitigated (including through the sequestration of carbon) as a result of an agricultural or forestry activity.

(3) Beginning, socially disadvantaged, limited resource, or veteran farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner

The term "beginning, socially disadvantaged, limited resource, or veteran farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner" means a farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner who is—

(A) a beginning farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2279(a) of this title);

(B) a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2003(e) of this title);

(C) a limited resource farmer or rancher (as defined in section 1470.3 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations)); or

(D) a veteran farmer (as defined in section 2279 of this title).

(4) Covered entity

The term "covered entity" means a person or entity, including a private business, non-profit organization, or public agency, that either—

(A) is a provider of technical assistance to farmers, ranchers, or private forest landowners in carrying out sustainable land use management practices that prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (including through the sequestration of carbon); or

(B) is a third-party verifier entity that conducts the verification of the processes described in protocols for voluntary environmental credit markets.

(5) Greenhouse gas

The term "greenhouse gas" means—

(A) carbon dioxide;

(B) methane;

(C) nitrous oxide; and

(D) any other gas that the Secretary, in consultation with the Advisory Council, determines has been identified to have heat trapping qualities.

(6) Program

The term "Program" means the Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program established under subsection (b).

(7) Protocol

The term "protocol" means a systematic approach for generating an agriculture or forestry credit, which follows a transparent and thorough science-based methodology (including 1 or more baseline scenarios)—

(A) for the development of projects to prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (including projects to sequester carbon); and

(B) for demonstrating how to quantify, monitor, report, and verify the prevention, reduction, or mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions by projects described in subparagraph (A).

(8) Socially disadvantaged group

The term "socially disadvantaged group" has the meaning given that term in section 2003(e) of this title.

(9) Technical assistance

The term "technical assistance" means technical expertise, information, and tools to assist a farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner, who is engaged in or wants to engage in a project to prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (including a project to sequester carbon), as necessary to meet a protocol.

(10) Voluntary environmental credit market

The term "voluntary environmental credit market" means a voluntary market through which agriculture or forestry credits may be bought or sold.

(b) Establishment of program

(1) Determination

(A) In general

Not later than 270 days after December 29, 2022, the Secretary shall make a determination of whether establishing a voluntary program to register covered entities that carry out activities described in subsection (c)(2) will further each of the following purposes:

(i) Facilitating the participation of farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners in voluntary environmental credit markets.

(ii) Facilitating the provision of technical assistance, through covered entities, to farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners to help overcome barriers to entry into voluntary environmental credit markets.

(iii) Ensuring that participating farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners receive fair distribution of revenues derived from the sale of an agriculture or forestry credit.

(iv) Increasing access for farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners to resources relating to existing voluntary environmental credit markets, including information relating to the basic market structure and the various roles and qualifications of different parties.

(B) Considerations

In making the determination under this paragraph, the Secretary shall consider the results of the assessment conducted under subsection (g)(2)(A) and any other relevant information.

(2) Establishment

If the Secretary determines under paragraph (1) that establishing such a program will further such purposes, the Secretary shall establish a voluntary program, to be known as the "Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program", to register covered entities that carry out activities described in subsection (c).

(3) Report

Not later than 90 days after making the determination under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall publish a report describing the reasons for such determination, including how establishing a program under this subsection would or would not further each of the purposes described in paragraph (1)(A).

(c) Protocols, qualifications, and activities

(1) Widely accepted protocols and qualifications

After providing public notice and at least a 60-day period for public comment, but not later than 90 days after the date on which the Program is established, the Secretary shall publish—

(A) a list of, and documents relating to, widely accepted protocols that are designed to ensure consistency, reliability, effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency of voluntary environmental credit markets, including protocol documents and details relating to—

(i) calculations;

(ii) sampling methodologies;

(iii) voluntary environmental credit accounting principles;

(iv) systems for verification, monitoring, measurement, and reporting; and

(v) methods to account for additionality, permanence, leakage, and, where appropriate, avoidance of double counting; and

(B) descriptions of widely accepted qualifications possessed by covered entities that provide technical assistance to farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners.

(2) Activities

A covered entity may register under the Program with respect to technical assistance or process verification the covered entity carries out for activities that prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, including—

(A) land or soil carbon sequestration;

(B) emissions reductions derived from fuel choice or reduced fuel use;

(C) livestock emissions reductions, including emissions reductions achieved through—

(i) feeds, feed additives, and the use of byproducts as feed sources; or

(ii) manure management practices;

(D) on-farm energy generation;

(E) energy feedstock production;

(F) fertilizer or nutrient use emissions reductions;

(G) reforestation;

(H) forest management, including improving harvesting practices and thinning diseased trees;

(I) prevention of the conversion of forests, grasslands, and wetlands;

(J) restoration of wetlands or grasslands;

(K) grassland management, including prescribed grazing;

(L) current practices associated with private land conservation programs administered by the Secretary; and

(M) such other activities, or combinations of activities, that the Secretary, in consultation with the Advisory Council, determines to be appropriate.

(3) Inclusions

In publishing the list of widely accepted protocols and the descriptions of widely accepted qualifications under paragraph (1), the Secretary, in consultation with the Advisory Council, shall include all relevant information relating to market-based protocols, as appropriate, with regard to—

(A) quantification;

(B) verification;

(C) additionality;

(D) permanence;

(E) reporting; and

(F) other expertise, as determined by the Secretary.

(4) Periodic review

As appropriate, the Secretary shall periodically review and revise the list and descriptions published under paragraph (1) to include any additional protocols or qualifications described in paragraph (3).

(d) Registration, website, and publication of lists

(1) Registration list

(A) In general

Not later than 1 year after establishing the Program, the Secretary shall publish, through a website maintained by the Secretary, a registration list consisting of a list of covered entities that have submitted information to the Secretary, which list the Secretary shall regularly update.

(B) Registration

A covered entity may register under the Program to be included on the registration list by submitting to the Secretary, through a website maintained by the Secretary, information that—

(i) shall include—

(I) the region in which the covered entity provides its services;

(II) whether the covered entity is a technical assistance provider or a verifier; and

(III) the protocols in which the covered entity has proficiency; and

(ii) may include additional information that—

(I) has been identified by the Advisory Council in its initial assessment under subsection (g)(1) to ensure certainty for producers in the marketplace for agriculture or forestry credits; and

(II) the Secretary determines is appropriate for inclusion.

(2) Website and solicitation

During the 180-day period beginning on the date on which the Program is established, the Secretary shall publish, through an existing website maintained by the Secretary—

(A) information describing how covered entities may register under the Program in accordance with paragraph (1);

(B) a list of the widely accepted protocols and qualifications published by the Secretary under subsection (c)(1); and

(C) instructions and suggestions to assist farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners in facilitating the development of agriculture or forestry credits and accessing voluntary environmental credit markets, including—

(i) through working with covered entities registered under the Program; and

(ii) by providing information relating to programs, registries, and protocols of programs and registries that provide market-based participation opportunities for working and conservation agricultural and forestry lands.

(3) Programmatic integrity

The Secretary shall ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that covered entities registered under the Program—

(A) act in good faith to provide realistic estimates of costs and revenues relating to activities and verification of processes described in subsection (c)(2), as applicable to the covered entity; and

(B) demonstrate expertise in, and are able to perform in accordance with, best management practices for agricultural and forestry activities that prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (including through the sequestration of carbon).

(4) Removal from registration list

(A) In general

(i) Removal

The Secretary shall remove a covered entity from the registration list under the Program if the Secretary determines that the covered entity has not acted in accordance with—

(I) the information provided by the entity under paragraph (1)(B); or

(II) best management practices for agricultural and forestry activities that prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (including through the sequestration of carbon).

(ii) Determination

The Secretary may make a determination under clause (i)—

(I) based on a periodic review of a representative sample of covered entities, which shall occur not less frequently than once each year; or

(II) as necessary.

(B) Appeal of removal

(i) In general

A covered entity that has been removed from the registration list pursuant to subparagraph (A) may appeal the determination to the Secretary.

(ii) Re-registration

A covered entity that appeals a determination under clause (i) may re-register under the Program if the covered entity successfully proves, as determined by the Secretary, that the covered entity has acted in accordance with, as applicable—

(I) the information provided by the entity under paragraph (1)(B); and

(II) best management practices for agricultural and forestry activities that prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (including through the sequestration of carbon).

(C) Notification

If the Secretary removes a covered entity from the registration list pursuant to subparagraph (A), to the extent practicable, the Secretary shall—

(i) request from that covered entity contact information for all farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners to which the covered entity provided technical assistance or the verification of the processes described in protocols of voluntary environmental credit markets; and

(ii) notify those farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners of the removal.

(5) Savings clause

Nothing in this section authorizes the Secretary to compel a farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner to participate in a transaction or project facilitated by a covered entity certified under paragraph (1).

(e) Submission of fraudulent information or claims

(1) In general

A person or entity, regardless of whether the person or entity is registered under the Program, shall not make a fraudulent submission under subsection (d) or make a fraudulent claim regarding the presence of that person or entity on the registration list published under such subsection.

(2) Penalty

Any person or entity that violates paragraph (1) shall be—

(A) subject to a civil penalty equal to such amount as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, not to exceed $1,000 per violation; and

(B) ineligible to register under the Program for the 5-year period beginning on the date of the violation.

(f) Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program Advisory Council

(1) In general

During the 90-day period beginning on the date on which the Program is established, the Secretary shall establish an advisory council, to be known as the "Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program Advisory Council".

(2) Membership

(A) In general

The Advisory Council shall be composed of members appointed by the Secretary in accordance with this paragraph.

(B) General representation

The Advisory Council shall—

(i) be broadly representative of the agriculture and private forest sectors;

(ii) include beginning, socially disadvantaged, limited resource, and veteran farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners; and

(iii) be composed of not less than 51 percent farmers, ranchers, or private forest landowners.

(C) Members

Members appointed under subparagraph (A) shall include—

(i) not more than 2 representatives of the Department of Agriculture, as determined by the Secretary;

(ii) not more than 1 representative of the Environmental Protection Agency, as determined by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency;

(iii) not more than 1 representative of the National Institute of Standards and Technology;

(iv) not fewer than 12 representatives of the agriculture industry, appointed in a manner that is broadly representative of the agriculture sector, including not fewer than 6 active farmers and ranchers;

(v) not fewer than 4 representatives of private forest landowners or the forestry and forest products industry appointed in a manner that is broadly representative of the private forest sector;

(vi) not more than 4 representatives of the relevant scientific research community, including not fewer than 2 representatives from land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 3103 of this title), of which 1 shall be a representative of a college or university eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (commonly known as the "Second Morrill Act") (26 Stat. 417, chapter 841; 7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.), including Tuskegee University;

(vii) not more than 2 experts or professionals familiar with voluntary environmental credit markets and the verification requirements in those markets;

(viii) not more than 3 members of nongovernmental or civil society organizations with relevant expertise, of which not fewer than 1 shall represent the interests of socially disadvantaged groups;

(ix) not more than 3 members of private sector entities or organizations that participate in voluntary environmental credit markets; and

(x) any other individual whom the Secretary determines to be necessary to ensure that the Advisory Council is composed of a diverse group of representatives of industry, academia, independent researchers, and public and private entities.

(D) Chair

The Secretary shall designate a member of the Advisory Council to serve as the Chair.

(E) Terms

(i) In general

The term of a member of the Advisory Council shall be 2 years, except that, of the members first appointed—

(I) not fewer than 8 members shall serve for a term of 1 year;

(II) not fewer than 12 members shall serve for a term of 2 years; and

(III) not fewer than 12 members shall serve for a term of 3 years.

(ii) Additional terms

After the initial term of a member of the Advisory Council, including the members first appointed, the member may serve not more than 4 additional 2-year terms.

(3) Meetings

(A) Frequency

The Advisory Council shall meet not less frequently than annually, at the call of the Chair.

(B) Initial meeting

During the 90-day period beginning on the date on which the members are appointed under paragraph (2)(A), the Advisory Council shall hold an initial meeting.

(4) General duties

The Advisory Council shall—

(A) periodically review and recommend any appropriate changes to—

(i) the list of protocols and description of qualifications published by the Secretary under subsection (c)(1); and

(ii) the activities described in subsection (c)(1)(B);

(B) make recommendations to the Secretary regarding the best practices that should be included in the protocols, description of qualifications, and activities described in subparagraph (A); and

(C) advise the Secretary regarding—

(i) the current methods used by voluntary environmental credit markets to quantify and verify the prevention, reduction, or mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions (including the sequestration of carbon);

(ii) means to reduce barriers to entry in the business of providing technical assistance or the verification of the processes described in protocols of voluntary environmental credit markets for covered entities, including by improving technical assistance provided by the Secretary;

(iii) means to reduce compliance and verification costs for farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners in entering voluntary environmental credit markets, including through mechanisms and processes to aggregate the value of activities across land ownership;

(iv) issues relating to land and asset ownership in light of evolving voluntary environmental credit markets; and

(v) additional means to reduce barriers to entry in voluntary environmental credit markets for farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners, particularly for beginning, socially disadvantaged, limited resource, and veteran farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners.

(5) Compensation

The members of the Advisory Council shall serve without compensation.

(6) Conflict of interest

The Secretary shall prohibit any member of the Advisory Council from—

(A) engaging in any determinations or activities of the Advisory Council that may result in the favoring of, or a direct and predictable effect on—

(i) the member or a family member, as determined by the Secretary;

(ii) stock owned by the member or a family member, as determined by the Secretary; or

(iii) the employer of, or a business owned in whole or in part by, the member or a family member, as determined by the Secretary; or

(B) providing advice or recommendations regarding, or otherwise participating in, matters of the Advisory Council that—

(i) constitute a conflict of interest under section 208 of title 18; or

(ii) may call into question the integrity of the Advisory Council, the Program, or the technical assistance or verification activities described under subsection (c)(2).

(7) FACA applicability

The Advisory Council shall be subject to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.),1 except that section 14(a)(2) of that Act shall not apply.

(g) Assessment

(1) Initial assessment

Not later than 90 days after the Advisory Council holds an initial meeting, the Advisory Council shall submit to the Secretary, the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an initial assessment that examines ways to ensure certainty for farmers, ranchers, or private forest landowners in the marketplace for agriculture or forestry credits, including identification of any information that may be appropriate for entities to provide when registering under subsection (d)(1)(B).

(2) General assessment

Not later than 240 days after December 29, 2022, the Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, shall—

(A) conduct an assessment, which incorporates information from existing publications and reports of the Department of Agriculture and other entities with relevant expertise, regarding—

(i) the number and categories of non-Federal actors in the nonprofit and for-profit sectors involved in development, generation, or sale of agriculture or forestry credits in voluntary environmental credit markets;

(ii) the estimated overall domestic market demand for agriculture or forestry credits at the end of the preceding 4-calendar year period, and historically, in voluntary environmental credit markets;

(iii) the total number of agriculture or forestry credits (measured in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent) that were estimated to be in development, generated, or sold in market transactions during the preceding 4-calendar year period, and historically, in voluntary environmental credit markets;

(iv) the estimated supply and demand of metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent of offsets in the global marketplace for the next 4 years;

(v) the barriers to entry due to compliance and verification costs described in subsection (f)(4)(C)(iii);

(vi) the state of monitoring and measurement technologies needed to quantify long-term carbon sequestration in soils and from other activities to prevent, reduce, or mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in the agriculture and forestry sectors;

(vii) means to reduce barriers to entry into voluntary environmental credit markets for beginning, socially disadvantaged, limited resource, and veteran farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners, and the extent to which existing protocols of voluntary environmental credit markets allow for aggregation of projects among farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners;

(viii) the extent to which the existing regimes for generating and selling agriculture or forestry credits (as the regimes exist at the end of the preceding 4-calendar year period, and historically), and existing voluntary environmental credit markets, may be impeded or constricted, or achieve greater scale and reach, if the Department of Agriculture were involved, including involvement in education described in clause (ix);

(ix) the extent to which Department of Agriculture education of stakeholders about voluntary environmental credit markets would benefit those stakeholders, including whether that education would reduce barriers to entry identified under clause (v);

(x) the extent to which existing protocols of voluntary environmental credit markets, including verification, additionality, permanence, and reporting, adequately take into consideration and account for factors encountered by the agriculture and private forest sectors in preventing, reducing, or mitigating greenhouse gas emissions (including by sequestering carbon) through agriculture and forestry practices, considering variances across regions, topography, soil types, crop or species varieties, and business models;

(xi) the extent to which existing protocols of voluntary environmental credit markets consider options to ensure the continued valuation, through discounting or other means, of agriculture and forestry credits in the case of the practices underlying those credits being disrupted due to unavoidable events, including production challenges and natural disasters; and

(xii) opportunities for other voluntary markets outside of voluntary environmental credit markets to foster the trading, buying, or selling of credits that are derived from activities that provide other ecosystem service benefits, including activities that improve water quality, water quantity, wildlife habitat enhancement, and other ecosystem services, as the Secretary determines appropriate;

(B) publish the assessment; and

(C) submit the assessment to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives.

(3) Quadriennial assessment

The Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Advisory Council, shall conduct the assessment described in paragraph (2)(A) and publish and submit such assessment in accordance with subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (2) every 4 years after the publication and submission of the first assessment under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (2).

(h) Confidentiality

(1) Prohibition

(A) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary, any other officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture or any agency of the Department of Agriculture, or any other person may not disclose to the public the information held by the Secretary described in subparagraph (B).

(B) Information

(i) In general

Except as provided in clause (ii), the information prohibited from disclosure under subparagraph (A) is—

(I) personally identifiable information, including in a contract or service agreement, of a farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner, obtained by the Secretary under subsection (d)(4)(C)(i); and

(II) confidential business information in a contract or service agreement of a farmer, rancher, or private forest landowner obtained by the Secretary under subsection (d)(4)(C)(i).

(ii) Aggregated release

Information described in clause (i) may be released to the public if the information has been transformed into a statistical or aggregate form that does not allow the identification of the person who supplied or is the subject of the particular information.

(2) Exception

Paragraph (1) shall not prohibit the disclosure by an officer or employee of the Federal Government of information described in paragraph (1)(B) as otherwise directed by the Secretary or the Attorney General for enforcement purposes.

(i) Funding

(1) Authorization of appropriations

In addition to the amount made available under paragraph (2), there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

(2) Direct funding

(A) Rescission

There is rescinded $4,100,000 of the unobligated balance of amounts made available by section 1003 of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117–2).

(B) Appropriation

If such unobligated amounts are available to execute the rescission under subparagraph (A), on the day after the execution of the rescission, there is appropriated to the Secretary, out of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $4,100,000 to carry out this section to remain available for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

(3) Prohibition

None of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation shall be used to carry out this section.

(j) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section shall be construed to provide authority to the Secretary for the establishment or operation of a Federal market through which agriculture or forestry credits may be bought or sold.

(Pub. L. 117–328, div. HH, title I, §201, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5971.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Act of August 30, 1890, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(C)(vi), is act Aug. 30, 1890, ch. 841, 26 Stat. 417, popularly known as the Agricultural College Act of 1890 and also as the Second Morrill Act, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§321 et seq.) of chapter 13 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 321 of this title and Tables.

The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(7), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was substantially repealed and restated in chapter 10 (§1001 et seq.) of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286, §§3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4197, 4361. Section 14 of the Act was repealed and restated as section 1013 of Title 5. For disposition of sections of the Act into chapter 10 of Title 5, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 5.

Section 1003 of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, referred to in subsec. (i)(2)(A), is section 1003 of Pub. L. 117–2, title I, Mar. 11, 2021, 135 Stat. 12, which is not classified to the Code.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, and not as part of the Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition of "Secretary"

"Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 101 of div. HH of Pub. L. 117–328, set out as a note under section 2016a of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
7 U.S.C. § 217a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter III: STOCKYARDS AND STOCKYARD DEALERS / Section 217a: Fees for inspection of brands or marks
Fees for inspection of brands or marks
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization by Secretary; registration as market agency

The Secretary may, upon written application made to him, and if he deems it necessary, authorize the charging and collection, at any stockyard subject to the provisions of this chapter, by any department or agency of any State in which branding or marking or both branding and marking livestock as a means of establishing ownership prevails by custom or statute, or by a duly organized livestock association of any such State, of a reasonable and nondiscriminatory fee for the inspection of brands, marks, and other identifying characteristics of livestock originating in or shipped from such State, for the purpose of determining the ownership of such livestock. No charge shall be made under any such authorization until the authorized department, agency, or association has registered as a market agency. No more than one such authorization shall be issued with respect to such inspection of livestock originating in or shipped from any one State. If more than one such application is filed with respect to such inspection of livestock originating in or shipped from any one State, the Secretary shall issue such authorization to the applicant deemed by him best qualified to perform the proposed service, on the basis of (1) experience, (2) financial responsibility, (3) extent and efficiency of organization, (4) possession of necessary records, and (5) any other factor relating to the ability of the applicant to perform the proposed service. The Secretary may receive and consider the recommendations of the commissioner, secretary, or director of agriculture, or other appropriate officer or agency of a State as to the qualifications of any applicant in such State. The decision of the Secretary as to the applicant best qualified shall be final.

(b) Applicability of section

The provisions of this subchapter, relating to the filing, publication, approval, modification, and suspension of any rate or charge for any stockyard service shall apply with respect to charges authorized to be made under this section.

(c) Collection and payment of charges

Charges authorized to be made under this section shall be collected by the market agency or other person receiving and disbursing the funds received from the sale of livestock with respect to the inspection of which such charge is made, and paid by it to the department, agency, or association performing such service.

(d) Revocation of authorization or registration

The Secretary may, if he deems it to be in the public interest, suspend, and after hearing, revoke any authorization and registration issued under the provisions of this section or any similar authorization and registration issued under any other provision of law. The order of the Secretary suspending or revoking any such authorization and registration shall not be subject to review.

(Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title III, §317, as added June 19, 1942, ch. 421, 56 Stat. 372.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Former provisions relating to fees for inspection of brands appearing upon livestock were contained in section 231 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Administrative Orders Review Act

Court of appeals exclusive jurisdiction respecting final orders of Secretary of Agriculture under this chapter, except orders issued under section 210(e) of this title and this section, see section 2342 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
7 U.S.C. § 9c (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 1: COMMODITY EXCHANGES / Section 9c: Notice of investigations and enforcement actions
Notice of investigations and enforcement actions
Status: in_force

The Commission shall provide the Securities and Exchange Commission with notice of the commencement of any proceeding and a copy of any order entered by the Commission pursuant to section 9 and 13b of this title against any futures commission merchant or introducing broker registered pursuant to section 6f(a)(2) of this title, any floor broker or floor trader exempt from registration pursuant to section 6f(a)(3) of this title, any associated person exempt from registration pursuant to section 6k(6) of this title, or any board of trade designated as a contract market pursuant to section 7b–1 of this title.

(Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 369, §6(g), as added Pub. L. 106–554, §1(a)(5) [title II, §253(b)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–449.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of subsec. (g) of section 6 of act Sept. 21, 1922. Subsecs. (a) and (b) of section 6 are classified to section 8 of this title. Subsec. (c) of section 6 is classified to section 9 of this title. Subsecs. (d), (e), and (f) of section 6 are classified to sections 13b, 9a, and 9b of this title, respectively.
7 U.S.C. § 608d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 26: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT / Subchapter III: COMMODITY BENEFITS / Section 608d: Books and records
Books and records
Status: in_force

(1) All parties to any marketing agreement, and all handlers subject to an order, shall severally, from time to time, upon the request of the Secretary, furnish him with such information as he finds to be necessary to enable him to ascertain and determine the extent to which such agreement or order has been carried out or has effectuated the declared policy of this chapter and with such information as he finds to be necessary to determine whether or not there has been any abuse of the privilege of exemptions from the antitrust laws. Such information shall be furnished in accordance with forms of reports to be prescribed by the Secretary. For the purpose of ascertaining the correctness of any report made to the Secretary pursuant to this subsection, or for the purpose of obtaining the information required in any such report, where it has been requested and has not been furnished, the Secretary is authorized to examine such books, papers, records, copies of income-tax reports, accounts, correspondence, contracts, documents, or memoranda, as he deems relevant and which are within the control (1) of any such party to such marketing agreement, or any such handler, from whom such report was requested or (2) of any person having, either directly or indirectly, actual or legal control of or over such party or such handler or (3) of any subsidiary of any such party, handler, or person.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 607 of this title, all information furnished to or acquired by the Secretary of Agriculture pursuant to this section, as well as information for marketing order programs that is categorized as trade secrets and commercial or financial information exempt under section 552(b)(4) of title 5 from disclosure under section 552 of such title, shall be kept confidential by all officers and employees of the Department of Agriculture and only such information so furnished or acquired as the Secretary deems relevant shall be disclosed by them, and then only in a suit or administrative hearing brought at the direction, or upon the request, of the Secretary of Agriculture, or to which he or any officer of the United States is a party, and involving the marketing agreement or order with reference to which the information so to be disclosed was furnished or acquired. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any such information relating to a marketing agreement or order applicable to milk may be released upon the authorization of any regulated milk handler to whom such information pertains. The Secretary shall notify the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives not later than 10 legislative days before the contemplated release under law, of the names and addresses of producers participating in such marketing agreements and orders, and shall include in such notice a statement of reasons relied upon by the Secretary in making the determination to release such names and addresses. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to prohibit (A) the issuance of general statements based upon the reports of a number of parties to a marketing agreement or of handlers subject to an order, which statements do not identify the information furnished by any person, or (B) the publication by direction of the Secretary, of the name of any person violating any marketing agreement or any order, together with a statement of the particular provisions of the marketing agreement or order violated by such person. Any such officer or employee violating the provisions of this section shall upon conviction be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or to imprisonment for not more than one year, or to both, and shall be removed from office.

(3) Collection of cranberry inventory data.—

(A) In general.—If an order is in effect with respect to cranberries, the Secretary of Agriculture may require persons engaged in the handling or importation of cranberries or cranberry products (including producer-handlers, second handlers, processors, brokers, and importers) to provide such information as the Secretary considers necessary to effectuate the declared policy of this chapter, including information on acquisitions, inventories, and dispositions of cranberries and cranberry products.

(B) Delegation to committee.—The Secretary may delegate the authority to carry out subparagraph (A) to any committee that is responsible for administering an order covering cranberries.

(C) Confidentiality.—Paragraph (2) shall apply to information provided under this paragraph.

(D) Violations.—Any person who violates this paragraph shall be subject to the penalties provided under section 608c(14) of this title.

(May 12, 1933, ch. 25, title I, §8d, as added Aug. 24, 1935, ch. 641, §6, 49 Stat. 761; amended June 3, 1937, ch. 296, §1, 50 Stat. 246; Pub. L. 99–198, title XVI, §1663, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1631; Pub. L. 106–78, title VII, §757(b), Oct. 22, 1999, 113 Stat. 1171.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Act Aug. 24, 1935, struck out provisions of section 8(4) of act May 12, 1933, formerly appearing in section 608(4) of this title and added a new section 8d containing provisions appearing in text.

Amendments

1999—Subsec. (3). Pub. L. 106–78 added subsec. (3).

1985—Subsec. (2). Pub. L. 99–198, §1663(1), extended confidentiality requirement to include information for marketing order programs that is categorized as trade secrets and commercial or financial information that is exempt from disclosure under section 552 of title 5.

Pub. L. 99–198, §1663(2), inserted provisions directing that confidential information relating to a marketing agreement or order applicable to milk may be released upon the authorization of any regulated milk handler to whom such information pertains and that the Secretary notify the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives not later than 10 legislative days before the contemplated release under law, of the names and addresses of producers participating in such marketing agreements and orders, and include in such notice a statement of reasons relied upon by the Secretary in making the determination to release such names and addresses.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Release of Information

Pub. L. 103–111, title VII, §715, Oct. 21, 1993, 107 Stat. 1079, provided that: "Hereafter, none of the funds available to the Department of Agriculture may be expended to release information acquired from any handler under the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as amended [see section 674 of this title]: Provided, That this provision shall not prohibit the release of information to other Federal agencies for enforcement purposes: Provided further, That this provision shall not prohibit the release of aggregate statistical data used in formulating regulations pursuant to the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as amended: Provided further, That this provision shall not prohibit the release of information submitted by milk handlers."

Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:

Pub. L. 102–341, title VII, §721, Aug. 14, 1992, 106 Stat. 908.

Pub. L. 102–142, title VII, §728, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 914.

Pub. L. 101–506, title VI, §630, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1349.

Pub. L. 101–161, title VI, §630, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 985.

Pub. L. 100–460, title VI, §630, Oct. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2262.

Validity of Section Affirmed

Act June 3, 1937, affirmed and validated, and reenacted without change the provisions of this section. See note set out under section 601 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 6931 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter II: FARM PRODUCTION AND CONSERVATION / Section 6931: Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation
Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization

The Secretary is authorized to establish in the Department the position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation.

(b) Confirmation required

If the Secretary establishes the position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation authorized under subsection (a), the Under Secretary shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

(c) Functions of Undersecretary 1

The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation shall perform such functions and duties as the Secretary shall prescribe.

(d) Succession

Any official who is serving as Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services on March 23, 2018, and who was appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall not be required to be reappointed under subsection (b) to the successor position authorized under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §225, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3213; Pub. L. 115–141, div. A, title VII, §772(a)(2), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 397.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of section 225 of Pub. L. 103–354. Subsec. (e) of section 225 of Pub. L. 103–354 amended section 5314 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and repealed section 5691 of this title.

Another section 225 of Pub. L. 103–354 is classified to section 6925 of this title.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–141 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services.

1 So in original. Probably should be "Under Secretary".
7 U.S.C. § 1727 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter III: EMERGENCY AND PRIVATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS / Section 1727: Bilateral grant program
Bilateral grant program
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The President shall establish a program under which agricultural commodities are donated in accordance with this subchapter to least developed countries. The revenue generated by the sale of such commodities in the recipient country may be utilized for economic development activities. Such program shall be implemented by the Administrator.

(b) General authority

To carry out the policies and accomplish the objectives described in section 1691 of this title, the Administrator may negotiate and execute agreements with least developed countries to provide commodities to such countries on a grant basis.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title III, §301, as added Pub. L. 95–88, title II, §211(a)(2), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 548; amended Pub. L. 96–53, title II, §204(a), Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 369; Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1112(a)(3), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1478; Pub. L. 100–576, §4(a)(1), Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2898; Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3641.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 301 of act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title III, 68 Stat. 458, which amended section 1427 of this title, was renumbered section 308 by Pub. L. 95–88, title II, §211(a)(1), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 548.

Amendments

1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions outlining Congressional purpose with regard to Food for Development Program, establishment of program, goal of assistance under program, range of assistance and emphasized activities, and use of funds for disaster assistance.

1988—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–576 added subsec. (c).

1985—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–198 inserted "(including immunization of children)" after "health services".

1979—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–53 inserted ", or the dollar sales value of the commodities themselves," after "the local sale of such commodities", and substituted "in the participating country of funds from the sale of such commodities or of the commodities themselves" for "of funds from the sale of such commodities in the participating country".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–53 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Pub. L. 96–53, set out as a note under section 2151 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 215 of Pub. L. 95–88, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1702 of this title.

Amendment of Food for Development Agreements; Disaster Assistance for Bangladesh

Pub. L. 100–576, §4(a)(2), (3), Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2898, provided that:

"(2) Food for Development agreements entered into under title III of that Act [this subchapter] before the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 31, 1988] may be amended in order to implement the amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section].

"(3) Pending amendment pursuant to paragraph (2) of Food for Development agreements with the Government of Bangladesh, the use of funds accruing under those agreements, with the approval of the United States Government, for flood-related disaster assistance authorized by the amendment made by paragraph (1) shall be deemed to be consistent with the applicable agreement."

Increased Immunizations of Children; Reporting Requirement

Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1112(b), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1478, as amended by Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3001(c), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1821, provided that: "In the implementation of health programs undertaken in relation to assistance provided under the Food for Peace Act [this chapter], it shall be the goal of the organizations and agencies involved to provide as many additional immunizations of children as possible. Such increased immunization activities should be taken in coordination with similar efforts of other organizations and in keeping with any national plans for expanded programs of immunization. The President shall include information concerning such immunization activities in the annual reports required by section 634 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2394], including a report on the estimated number of immunizations provided each year pursuant to this subsection."

Executive Documents

Implementation of Program

Program under this subchapter to provide for donation of agricultural commodities to least developed countries to be implemented by Administrator of the Agency for International Development, see Ex. Ord. No. 12752, §1(c), Feb. 25, 1991, 56 F.R. 8255, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 904 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 31: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND TELEPHONE SERVICE / Subchapter I: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION / Section 904: Loans for electrical plants and transmission lines
Loans for electrical plants and transmission lines
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary is authorized and empowered, from the sums hereinbefore authorized, to make loans for rural electrification to persons, corporations, States, Territories, and subdivisions and agencies thereof, municipalities, peoples' utility districts and cooperative, nonprofit, or limited-dividend associations, organized under the laws of any State or Territory of the United States, for the purpose of financing the construction and operation of generating plants, electric transmission and distribution lines or systems for the furnishing and improving of electric service to persons in rural areas, including by assisting electric borrowers to implement demand side management, energy efficiency and conservation programs, and on-grid and off-grid renewable energy systems, and loans, from funds available under section 903 of this title, to cooperative associations and municipalities for the purpose of enabling said cooperative associations, and municipalities to the extent that such indebtedness was incurred with respect to electric transmission and distribution lines or systems or portions thereof serving persons in rural areas, to discharge or refinance long-term debts owed by them to the Tennessee Valley Authority on account of loans made or credit extended under the terms of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as amended [16 U.S.C. 831 et seq.]: Provided, That the Secretary, in making such loans, shall give preference to States, Territories, and subdivisions and agencies thereof, municipalities, peoples' utility districts, and cooperative, nonprofit, or limited-dividend associations, the projects of which comply with the requirements of this chapter.

(b) Terms and conditions

Such loans shall be on such terms and conditions relating to the expenditure of the moneys loaned and the security therefor as the Secretary shall determine and may be made payable in whole or in part out of the income, except that no loan for the construction, operation, or enlargement of any generating plant shall be made unless the consent of the State authority having jurisdiction in the premises is first obtained.

(c) Direct loans

(1) Direct hardship loans

Direct hardship loans under this section shall be for the same purposes and on the same terms and conditions as hardship loans made under section 935(c)(1) of this title.

(2) Other direct loans

All other direct loans under this section shall bear interest at a rate equal to the then current cost of money to the Government of the United States for loans of similar maturity, plus 1/8 of 1 percent.

(d) Certification

Loans under this section shall not be made unless the Secretary finds and certifies that in his judgment the security therefor is reasonably adequate and such loan will be repaid within the time agreed.

(May 20, 1936, ch. 432, title I, §4, 49 Stat. 1365; Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title V, §§502(a), 503, 58 Stat. 739, 740; Dec. 23, 1944, ch. 725, 58 Stat. 925; June 29, 1948, ch. 703, 62 Stat. 1070; Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 776, §§2, 4(e), 63 Stat. 948; June 15, 1955, ch. 139, §2, 69 Stat. 132; Pub. L. 103–129, §2(c)(2), Nov. 1, 1993, 107 Stat. 1363; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §235(a)(13), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3221; Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §773, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1149; Pub. L. 110–234, title VI, §§6101, 6102(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1195; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VI, §§6101, 6102(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1956.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, referred to in subsec. (a), is act May 18, 1933. ch. 32. 48 Stat. 58, which is classified generally to chapter 12A (§831 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 831 of Title 16 and Tables.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–246, §6102(a), designated first, second, and third sentences as subsecs. (a), (b), and (d), respectively, and added subsec. (c).

Pub. L. 110–246, §6101, inserted "efficiency and" before "conservation" in first sentence.

1996—Pub. L. 104–127, in first sentence, struck out "for the furnishing of electric energy to persons in rural areas who are not receiving central station service and" after "transmission and distribution lines or systems" and substituted "section 903 of this title," for "the provisions of sections 903(d) and 903(e) of this title but without regard to the 25 per centum limitation therein contained,", in second sentence, substituted ", except that" for ": Provided, further, That all such loans shall be self-liquidating within a period of not to exceed thirty-five years, and shall bear interest at the rate of 2 per centum per annum; interest rates on the unmatured and unpaid balance of any loans made pursuant to this section prior to September 21, 1944, shall be adjusted to 2 per centum per annum, and the maturity date of any such loans may be readjusted to occur at a date not beyond thirty-five years from the date of such loan: And provided further, That", and in third sentence, struck out "and section 905 of this title" before "shall not be made".

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator".

1993—Pub. L. 103–129 inserted "and for the furnishing and improving of electric service to persons in rural areas, including by assisting electric borrowers to implement demand side management, energy conservation programs, and on-grid and off-grid renewable energy systems" after "central station service".

1955—Act June 15, 1955, substituted "25 per centum" for "10 per centum".

1949—Act Oct. 28, 1949, inserted "for rural electrification" after "to make loans" in first sentence, and inserted "title I," in credit of act May 20, 1936.

1948—Act June 29, 1948, permitted certain municipalities to refinance with R.E.A. their indebtedness with T.V.A.

1944—Act Dec. 23, 1944, inserted provision authorizing loans to cooperative associations to enable them to discharge or refinance debts owed to the Tennessee Valley Authority.

Act Sept. 21, 1944, extended limit of self-liquidating period from 25 to 35 years and changing the rate of interest.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1375 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1375: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary shall provide by regulations for the identification, wherever necessary, of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, or peanuts so as to afford aid in discovering and identifying such amounts of the commodities as are subject to and such amounts thereof as are not subject to marketing restrictions in effect under this subchapter.

(b) The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as are necessary for the enforcement of this subchapter.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §375, 52 Stat. 66; Apr. 3, 1941, ch. 39, §9, 55 Stat. 92; Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, §611(k), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1523.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–357, §611(k)(1), substituted "or peanuts" for "peanuts, or tobacco".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–357, §611(k)(2), which directed amendment of this section by striking out subsec. (c), could not be executed because this section does not contain a subsec. (c).

1941—Subsec. (a). Act Apr. 3, 1941, inserted "peanuts," after "rice,".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–357 applicable to the 2005 and subsequent crops of tobacco, see section 643 of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as an Effective Date note under section 518 of this title.

Savings Provision

Amendment by sections 611 to 614 of Pub. L. 108–357 not to affect the liability of any person under any provision of law so amended with respect to the 2004 or an earlier crop of tobacco, see section 614 of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as a note under section 515 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2019 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 51: SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM / Section 2019: Redemption of program benefits
Redemption of program benefits
Status: in_force

Regulations issued pursuant to this chapter shall provide for the redemption of benefits accepted by retail food stores through approved wholesale food concerns or through financial institutions which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or which are insured under the Federal Credit Union Act [12 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.] and have retail food stores or wholesale food concerns in their field of membership, with the cooperation of the Treasury Department, except that retail food stores defined in section 2012(o)(4) of this title shall be authorized to redeem their members' food benefits prior to receipt by the members of the food so purchased, retail food stores authorized to accept and redeem benefits through on-line transactions shall be authorized to accept benefits prior to the delivery of food if the delivery occurs within a reasonable time of the purchase, as determined by the Secretary, and publicly operated community mental health centers or private nonprofit organizations or institutions which serve meals to narcotics addicts or alcoholics in drug addiction or alcoholic treatment and rehabilitation programs, public and private nonprofit shelters that prepare and serve meals for battered women and children, and public or private nonprofit group living arrangements that serve meals to disabled or blind residents, shall not be authorized to redeem benefits through financial institutions which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Federal Credit Union Act. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, a center, organization, institution, shelter, group living arrangement, or establishment described in that sentence may be authorized to redeem benefits through a financial institution described in that sentence if the center, organization, institution, shelter, group living arrangement, or establishment is equipped with 1 or more point-of-sale devices and is operating in an area in which an electronic benefit transfer system described in section 2016(h) of this title has been implemented. No financial institution may impose on or collect from a retail food store a fee or other charge for the redemption of benefits that are submitted to the financial institution in a manner consistent with the requirements, other than any requirements relating to cancellation of benefits, for the presentation of benefits by financial institutions to the Federal Reserve banks.

(Pub. L. 88–525, §10, Aug. 31, 1964, 78 Stat. 706; Pub. L. 91–671, §6, Jan. 11, 1971, 84 Stat. 2051; Pub. L. 92–603, title IV, §411(c)–(e), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1491; Pub. L. 93–86, §3(f), (i), (k), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 247, 248; Pub. L. 93–125, §1(j), Oct. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 450; Pub. L. 95–113, title XIII, §1301, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 969; Pub. L. 96–58, §8, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 392; Pub. L. 96–249, title I, §101(b), May 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 357; Pub. L. 97–98, title XIII, §1315, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1285; Pub. L. 99–198, title XV, §§1501(b), 1522, 1523(a), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1566, 1580; Pub. L. 99–570, title XI, §11002(e), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–168; Pub. L. 107–171, title IV, §4113(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 313; Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, §4115(b)(7), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1107; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title IV, §4115(b)(7), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1868; Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, §4011(b)(2)(B), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 793; Pub. L. 115–334, title IV, §4022(4), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4653.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Credit Union Act, referred to in text, is act June 26, 1934, ch. 750, 48 Stat. 1216, which is classified generally to chapter 14 (§1751 et seq.) of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1751 of Title 12 and Tables.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–334, in first sentence, struck out "or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation" after "the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation" in two places and substituted "2012(o)(4)" for "2012(p)(4)".

2014—Pub. L. 113–79 inserted "retail food stores authorized to accept and redeem benefits through on-line transactions shall be authorized to accept benefits prior to the delivery of food if the delivery occurs within a reasonable time of the purchase, as determined by the Secretary," after "food so purchased,".

2008—Pub. L. 110–246, §4115(b)(7), in section catchline, substituted "program benefits" for "coupons" and, in text, substituted "section 2012(p)(4)" for "section 2012(k)(4)" and "section 2016(h)" for "section 2016(i)" and substituted "benefits" for "coupons" wherever appearing.

2002—Pub. L. 107–171 inserted after first sentence "Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, a center, organization, institution, shelter, group living arrangement, or establishment described in that sentence may be authorized to redeem coupons through a financial institution described in that sentence if the center, organization, institution, shelter, group living arrangement, or establishment is equipped with 1 or more point-of-sale devices and is operating in an area in which an electronic benefit transfer system described in section 2016(i) of this title has been implemented."

1986—Pub. L. 99–570, §11002(e), (f), temporarily struck out "and" after "battered women and children," and inserted ", and public or private nonprofit establishments, or public or private nonprofit shelters that feed individuals who do not reside in permanent dwellings and individuals who have no fixed mailing addresses". See Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 Amendment note below.

1985—Pub. L. 99–198, §1501(b), inserted reference to publicly operated community mental health centers.

Pub. L. 99–198, §1522, inserted ", or which are insured under the Federal Credit Union Act and have retail food stores or wholesale food concerns in their field of membership" and "or the Federal Credit Union Act".

Pub. L. 99–198, §1523(a), inserted sentence providing that no financial institution may impose on or collect from a retail food store a fee or other charge for the redemption of coupons that are submitted to the financial institution in a manner consistent with the requirements, other than any requirements relating to cancellation of coupons, for the presentation of coupons by financial institutions to the Federal Reserve banks.

1981—Pub. L. 97–98 substituted "financial institutions which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation" for "banks" wherever appearing.

1980—Pub. L. 96–249 substituted "purchased," for "purchased" and "residents" for "residents," and inserted ", public and private nonprofit shelters that prepare and serve meals for battered women and children" after "programs".

1979—Pub. L. 96–58 inserted provisions relating to public and private nonprofit group living arrangements that serve meals to disabled or blind residents.

1977—Pub. L. 95–113 substituted revised provisions covering redemption of coupons for provisions relating to administration of program which are now covered by section 2020 of this title.

1973—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 93–86, §3(i), inserted cls. (6) and (7), designated former cl. (6) as (8), and inserted provision relating to time for submission of plan of operation to Secretary for approval and time for Secretary to make a determination of approval or disapproval of such plan.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 93–125 inserted "members of" after "the Secretary shall permit".

Pub. L. 93–86, §3(k), inserted provisions authorizing meal purchases from senior citizens' centers, apartment buildings occupied primarily by elderly persons, any public or nonprofit private school which prepares meals especially for elderly persons, any public or nonprofit private eating establishment which prepares meals especially for elderly persons during special hours, and any other public or nonprofit private establishment approved for such purpose by the Secretary.

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 93–86, §3(f), added subsec. (i).

1972—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 92–603, §411(c), struck out provisions relating to filing of an affidavit by household for certification of eligibility for public assistance.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 92–603, §411(d), (e), substituted "prescribed by the Secretary in the regulations issued pursuant to this chapter" for "used by them in the certification of applicants for benefits under the federally aided public assistance programs" in cl. (2), and struck out provisions requiring the State agency to institute procedures under which any household participating in the food stamp program shall be entitled to have the charges for its coupon allotment deducted from grants or payments such household is entitled to receive and have its coupon allotment distributed to it with such grant or payment.

1971—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–671, §6(a), inserted provisions respecting certification of eligibility for benefits by execution of an affidavit and duration of validity of a certification upon removal of a household from one political subdivision to another.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 91–671, §6(b), substituted "regulations" for "regulation" in second sentence preceding cl. (1) and "from time to time may" for "may from time to time", and added cls. (5) and (6) and provision for withholding in the State plan.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 91–671, §6(c), added subsec. (h).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Amendment by section 4115(b)(7) of Pub. L. 110–246 effective Oct. 1, 2008, see section 4407 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 1161 of Title 2, The Congress.

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–171, title IV, §4113(b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 314, provided that: "The amendment made by this section [amending this section] takes effect on the date of enactment of this Act [May 13, 2002]."

Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–570 effective, and to be implemented by issuance of final regulations, not later than Apr. 1, 1987, and cease to be effective after Sept. 30, 1990, see section 11002(f)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 99–570, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective on earlier of Sept. 8, 1982, or date such amendment became effective pursuant to section 1338 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title, see section 192(b) of Pub. L. 97–253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective upon such date as Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe, taking into account need for orderly implementation, see section 1338 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–58 to be implemented in all States by July 1, 1980, but not to affect the rights or liabilities of Secretary, States, and applicant or participant households under provisions of this chapter as in effect on July 1, 1979, until implemented, see section 10(c) of Pub. L. 96–58, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Effective Date of 1977 Amendment

Pub. L. 95–113, title XIII, §1301, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 958, provided that the amendment made by section 1301 is effective Oct. 1, 1977.

Effective Date of 1972 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 92–603 effective Jan. 1, 1973, see section 411(h) of Pub. L. 92–603, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Regulations

Pub. L. 99–198, title XV, §1523(b), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1580, provided that: "The Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, shall issue regulations implementing the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section]."

Publicly Operated Community Health Centers

Provisions of this section concerning private, nonprofit drug addiction or alcoholic treatment and rehabilitation programs to be applicable to publicly operated community health centers, see section 101(b) of Pub. L. 98–107, set out in part as a note under section 2012 of this title.

Extension Until October 1, 1976, of Final Date for Compliance With Regulations Governing Use of Food Stamps by AFDC Families

Pub. L. 94–182, title II, §201, Dec. 31, 1975, 89 Stat. 1056, permitted the final date for compliance with regulations implementing former subsec. (e)(7) of this section to be extended until Oct. 1, 1976.
7 U.S.C. § 367 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 14: AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 367: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was from act July 28, 1953, ch. 251, title I, 67 Stat. 207, the Department of Agriculture Appropriation Act, 1954, and authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to prescribe the form of the annual financial statement required from the agricultural experiment stations. See section 361e of this title. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:

July 5, 1952, ch. 574, title I, 66 Stat. 337.

Aug. 31, 1951, ch. 374, title I, 65 Stat. 228.

Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, ch. VI, title I, 64 Stat. 660.

June 29, 1949, ch. 280, title I, 63 Stat. 330.

June 19, 1948, ch. 543, title I, 62 Stat. 514.

July 30, 1947, ch. 356, title I, 61 Stat. 530.

June 22, 1946, ch. 445, 60 Stat. 277.

May 5, 1945, ch. 109, 59 Stat. 143.

June 28, 1944, ch. 296, 58 Stat. 432.

July 12, 1943, ch. 215, 57 Stat. 400.

July 22, 1942, ch. 516, 56 Stat. 670.

July 1, 1941, ch. 267, 55 Stat. 412.

June 25, 1940, ch. 421, 54 Stat. 536.

June 30, 1939, ch. 253, title I, 53 Stat. 944.

June 16, 1938, ch. 464, title I, 52 Stat. 715.

June 29, 1937, ch. 404, 50 Stat. 399.

June 4, 1936, ch. 489, 49 Stat. 1425.

May 17, 1935, ch. 131, title I, 49 Stat. 251.

Mar. 26, 1934, ch. 89, 48 Stat. 471.

Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 203, 47 Stat. 1435.

July 7, 1932, ch. 443, 47 Stat. 613.

Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 278, 46 Stat. 1246.

May 27, 1930, ch. 341, 46 Stat. 396.

Feb. 16, 1929, ch. 227, 45 Stat. 1192.

May 16, 1928, ch. 572, 45 Stat. 542.

Jan. 18, 1927, ch. 39, 44 Stat. 979.

May 11, 1926, ch. 286, 44 Stat. 502.

Feb. 10, 1925, ch. 200, 43 Stat. 824.
7 U.S.C. § 518d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 21C: TOBACCO REFORM / Subchapter I: TRANSITIONAL PAYMENTS TO TOBACCO QUOTA HOLDERS AND PRODUCERS OF TOBACCO / Section 518d: Use of assessments as source of funds for payments
Use of assessments as source of funds for payments
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Base period

The term "base period' 1 means the one-year period ending the June 30 before the beginning of a fiscal year.

(2) Gross domestic volume

The term "gross domestic volume" means the volume of tobacco products—

(A) removed (as defined by section 5702 of title 26); and

(B) not exempt from tax under chapter 52 of title 26 at the time of their removal under that chapter or the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States.

(3) Market share

The term "market share" means the share of each manufacturer or importer of a class of tobacco product (expressed as a decimal to the fourth place) of the total volume of domestic sales of the class of tobacco product during the base period for a fiscal year for an assessment under this section.

(b) Quarterly assessments

(1) Imposition of assessment

The Secretary, acting through the Commodity Credit Corporation, shall impose quarterly assessments during each of fiscal years 2005 through 2014, calculated in accordance with this section, on each tobacco product manufacturer and tobacco product importer that sells tobacco products in domestic commerce in the United States during that fiscal year.

(2) Amounts

Beginning with the calendar quarter ending on December 31 of each of fiscal years 2005 through 2014, the assessment payments over each four-calendar quarter period shall be sufficient to cover—

(A) the contract payments made under sections 518a and 518b of this title during that period; and

(B) other expenditures from the Tobacco Trust Fund made during the base quarter periods corresponding to the four calendar quarters of that period.

(3) Deposit

Assessments collected under this section shall be deposited in the Tobacco Trust Fund.

(c) Assessments for classes of tobacco products

(1) Initial allocation

The percentage of the total amount required by subsection (b) to be assessed against, and paid by, the manufacturers and importers of each class of tobacco product in fiscal year 2005 shall be as follows:

(A) For cigarette manufacturers and importers, 96.331 percent.

(B) For cigar manufacturers and importers, 2.783 percent.

(C) For snuff manufacturers and importers, 0.539 percent.

(D) For roll-your-own tobacco manufacturers and importers, 0.171 percent.

(E) For chewing tobacco manufacturers and importers, 0.111 percent.

(F) For pipe tobacco manufacturers and importers, 0.066 percent.

(2) Subsequent allocations

For subsequent fiscal years, the Secretary shall periodically adjust the percentage of the total amount required under subsection (b) to be assessed against, and paid by, the manufacturers and importers of each class of tobacco product specified in paragraph (1) to reflect changes in the share of gross domestic volume held by that class of tobacco product.

(3) Effect of insufficient amounts

If the Secretary determines that the assessment imposed under subsection (b) will result in insufficient amounts to carry out this subchapter during a fiscal year, the Secretary shall assess such additional amounts as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this subchapter during that fiscal year. The additional amount shall be allocated to manufacturers and importers of each class of tobacco product specified in paragraph (1) in the same manner and based on the same percentages applicable under paragraph (1) or (2) for that fiscal year.

(d) Notification and timing of assessments

(1) Notification of assessments

The Secretary shall provide each manufacturer or importer subject to an assessment under subsection (b) with written notice setting forth the amount to be assessed against the manufacturer or importer for each quarterly payment period. The notice for a quarterly period shall be provided not later than 30 days before the date payment is due under paragraph (3).

(2) Content

The notice shall include the following information with respect to the quarterly period used by the Secretary in calculating the amount:

(A) The total combined assessment for all manufacturers and importers of tobacco products.

(B) The total assessment with respect to the class of tobacco products manufactured or imported by the manufacturer or importer.

(C) Any adjustments to the percentage allocations among the classes of tobacco products made pursuant to paragraph (2) or (3) of subsection (c).

(D) The volume of gross sales of the applicable class of tobacco product treated as made by the manufacturer or importer for purposes of calculating the manufacturer's or importer's market share under subsection (f).

(E) The total volume of gross sales of the applicable class of tobacco product that the Secretary treated as made by all manufacturers and importers for purposes of calculating the manufacturer's or importer's market share under subsection (f).

(F) The manufacturer's or importer's market share of the applicable class of tobacco product, as determined by the Secretary under subsection (f).

(G) The market share, as determined by the Secretary under subsection (f), of each other manufacturer and importer, for each applicable class of tobacco product.

(3) Timing of assessment payments

(A) Collection date

Assessments shall be collected at the end of each calendar year quarter, except that the Secretary shall ensure that the final assessment due under this section is collected not later than September 30, 2014.

(B) Base period quarter

The assessment for a calendar year quarter shall correspond to the base period quarter that ended at the end of the preceding calendar year quarter.

(e) Allocation of assessment within each class of tobacco product

(1) Pro rata basis

The assessment for each class of tobacco product specified in subsection (c)(1) shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among manufacturers and importers based on each manufacturer's or importer's share of gross domestic volume.

(2) Limitation

No manufacturer or importer shall be required to pay an assessment that is based on a share that is in excess of the manufacturer's or importer's share of domestic volume.

(f) Allocation of total assessments by market share

The amount of the assessment for each class of tobacco product specified in subsection (c)(1) to be paid by each manufacturer or importer of that class of tobacco product shall be determined for each quarterly payment period by multiplying—

(1) the market share of the manufacturer or importer, as calculated with respect to that payment period, of the class of tobacco product; by

(2) the total amount of the assessment for that quarterly payment period under subsection (c), for the class of tobacco product.

(g) Determination of volume of domestic sales

(1) In general

The calculation of the volume of domestic sales of a class of tobacco product by a manufacturer or importer, and by all manufacturers and importers as a group, shall be made by the Secretary based on information provided by the manufacturers and importers pursuant to subsection (h), as well as any other relevant information provided to or obtained by the Secretary.

(2) Gross domestic volume

The volume of domestic sales shall be calculated based on gross domestic volume.

(3) Measurement

For purposes of the calculations under this subsection and the certifications under subsection (h) by the Secretary, the volumes of domestic sales shall be measured by—

(A) in the case of cigarettes and cigars, the number of cigarettes and cigars; and

(B) in the case of the other classes of tobacco products specified in subsection (c)(1), in terms of number of pounds, or fraction thereof, of those products.

(h) Measurement of volume of domestic sales

(1) Submission of information

Each manufacturer and importer of tobacco products shall submit to the Secretary a certified copy of each of the returns or forms described by paragraph (2) that are required to be filed with a Federal agency on the same date that those returns or forms are filed, or required to be filed, with the agency.

(2) Returns and forms

The returns and forms described by this paragraph are those returns and forms that relate to—

(A) the removal of tobacco products into domestic commerce (as defined by section 5702 of title 26); and

(B) the payment of the taxes imposed under charter 2 52 of title 26, including AFT Form 5000.24 and United States Customs Form 7501 under currently applicable regulations.

(3) Effect of failure to provide required information

Any person that knowingly fails to provide information required under this subsection or that provides false information under this subsection shall be subject to the penalties described in section 1003 of title 18. The Secretary may also assess against the person a civil penalty in an amount not to exceed two percent of the value of the kind of tobacco products manufactured or imported by the person during the fiscal year in which the violation occurred, as determined by the Secretary.

(i) Challenge to assessment

(1) Appeal to Secretary

A manufacturer or importer subject to this section may contest an assessment imposed on the manufacturer or importer under this section by notifying the Secretary, not later than 30 business days after receiving the assessment notification required by subsection (d), that the manufacturer or importer intends to contest the assessment.

(2) Information

Not later than 180 days after October 22, 2004, the Secretary shall establish by regulation a procedure under which a manufacturer or importer contesting an assessment under this subsection may present information to the Secretary to demonstrate that the assessment applicable to the manufacturer or importer is incorrect. In challenging the assessment, the manufacturer or importer may use any information that is available, including third party data on industry or individual company sales volumes.

(3) Revision

If a manufacturer or importer establishes that the initial determination of the amount of an assessment is incorrect, the Secretary shall revise the amount of the assessment so that the manufacturer or importer is required to pay only the amount correctly determined.

(4) Time for review

Not later than 30 days after receiving notice from a manufacturer or importer under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall—

(A) decide whether the information provided to the Secretary under paragraph (2), and any other information that the Secretary determines is appropriate, is sufficient to establish that the original assessment was incorrect; and

(B) make any revisions necessary to ensure that each manufacturer and importer pays only its correct pro rata share of total gross domestic volume from all sources.

(5) Immediate payment of undisputed amounts

The regulations promulgated by the Secretary under paragraph (2) shall provide for the immediate payment by a manufacturer or importer challenging an assessment of that portion of the assessment that is not in dispute. The manufacturer and importer may place into escrow, in accordance with such regulations, only the portion of the assessment being challenged in good faith pending final determination of the claim.

(j) Judicial review

(1) In general

Any manufacturer or importer aggrieved by a determination of the Secretary with respect to the amount of any assessment may seek review of the determination in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or for the district in which the manufacturer or importer resides or has its principal place of business at any time following exhaustion of the administrative remedies available under subsection (i).

(2) Time limits

Administrative remedies shall be deemed exhausted if no decision by the Secretary is made within the time limits established under subsection (i)(4).

(3) Excessive assessments

The court shall restrain collection of the excessive portion of any assessment or order a refund of excessive assessments already paid, along with interest calculated at the rate prescribed in section 3717 of title 31, if it finds that the Secretary's determination is not supported by a preponderance of the information available to the Secretary.

(k) Termination date

The authority provided by this section to impose assessments terminates on September 30, 2014.

(Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, §625, Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1529.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), is not set out in the Code. See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of Title 19, Customs Duties.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section applicable to the 2005 and subsequent crops of tobacco, see section 643 of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as a note under section 518 of this title.

1 So in original.

2 So in original. Probably should be "chapter".
7 U.S.C. § 473 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 19: COTTON STATISTICS AND ESTIMATES / Section 473: Persons required to furnish information; request; failure to furnish; false information
Persons required to furnish information; request; failure to furnish; false information
Status: in_force

It shall be the duty of every owner, president, treasurer, secretary, director, or other officer or agent of any cotton warehouse, cotton ginnery, cotton mill, or other place or establishment where cotton is stored, whether conducted as a corporation, firm, limited partnership, or individual, and of any owner or holder of any cotton and of the agents and representatives of any such owner or holder, when requested by the Secretary of Agriculture or by any special agent or other employee of the Department of Agriculture acting under the instructions of said Secretary to furnish completely and correctly, to the best of his knowledge, all of the information concerning the grades and staple length of cotton on hand, and when requested to permit such agent or employee of the Department of Agriculture to examine and classify samples of all such cotton on hand. The request of the Secretary of Agriculture for such information may be made in writing or by a visiting representative, and if made in writing shall be forwarded by registered mail, or by certified mail and the registry receipt or receipt for certified mail of the United States Postal Service shall be accepted as evidence of such demand. Any owner, president, treasurer, secretary, director, or other officer or agent of any cotton warehouse, cotton ginnery, cotton mill, or other place or establishment where cotton is stored, or any owner or holder of any cotton or the agent or representative of any such owner or holder, who, under the conditions hereinbefore stated, shall refuse or willfully neglect to furnish any information herein provided for or shall willfully give answers that are false or shall refuse to allow agents or employees of the Department of Agriculture to examine or classify any cotton in store in any such establishment, or in the hands of any owner or holder or of the agent or representative of any such owner or holder, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than $300 or more than $1,000.

(Mar. 3, 1927, ch. 337, §3, 44 Stat. 1373; Pub. L. 86–507, §1(3), June 11, 1960, 74 Stat. 200; Pub. L. 91–375, §§4(a), 6(o), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773, 783.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1960—Pub. L. 86–507 inserted "or by certified mail" after "registered mail", and "or receipt for certified mail" after "registry receipt."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

"United States Postal Service" substituted in text for "Post Office Department" pursuant to Pub. L. 91–375, §§4(a), 6(o), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773, 783, which are set out as notes preceding section 101 of Title 39, Postal Service, and under section 201 of Title 39, respectively, which abolished Post Office Department, transferred its functions to United States Postal Service, and provided that references in other laws to Post Office Department shall be considered a reference to United States Postal Service.