50 U.S.C. § 3126 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 44: NATIONAL SECURITY / Subchapter IV: PROTECTION OF CERTAIN NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION / Section 3126: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this subchapter:

(1) The term "classified information" means information or material designated and clearly marked or clearly represented, pursuant to the provisions of a statute or Executive order (or a regulation or order issued pursuant to a statute or Executive order), as requiring a specific degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national security.

(2) The term "authorized", when used with respect to access to classified information, means having authority, right, or permission pursuant to the provisions of a statute, Executive order, directive of the head of any department or agency engaged in foreign intelligence or counterintelligence activities, order of any United States court, or provisions of any Rule of the House of Representatives or resolution of the Senate which assigns responsibility within the respective House of Congress for the oversight of intelligence activities.

(3) The term "disclose" means to communicate, provide, impart, transmit, transfer, convey, publish, or otherwise make available.

(4) The term "covert agent" means—

(A) a present or retired officer or employee of an intelligence agency or a present or retired member of the Armed Forces assigned to duty with an intelligence agency whose identity as such an officer, employee, or member is classified information; or

(B) a United States citizen whose intelligence relationship to the United States is classified information, and—

(i) who acts as an agent of, or informant or source of operational assistance to, an intelligence agency, or

(ii) who is at the time of the disclosure acting as an agent of, or informant to, the foreign counterintelligence or foreign counterterrorism components of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; or

(C) an individual, other than a United States citizen, whose past or present intelligence relationship to the United States is classified information and who is a present or former agent of, or a present or former informant or source of operational assistance to, an intelligence agency.

(5) The term "intelligence agency" means the elements of the intelligence community, as that term is defined in section 3003(4) of this title.

(6) The term "informant" means any individual who furnishes information to an intelligence agency in the course of a confidential relationship protecting the identity of such individual from public disclosure.

(7) The terms "officer" and "employee" have the meanings given such terms by section 2104 and 2105, respectively, of title 5.

(8) The term "Armed Forces" means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.

(9) The term "United States", when used in a geographic sense, means all areas under the territorial sovereignty of the United States and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.

(10) The term "pattern of activities" requires a series of acts with a common purpose or objective.

(July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title VI, §605, formerly §606, as added Pub. L. 97–200, §2(a), June 23, 1982, 96 Stat. 123; amended Pub. L. 106–120, title III, §304(a), Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1611; renumbered §605 and amended Pub. L. 112–277, title III, §310(a)(4)(B), title V, §506, Jan. 14, 2013, 126 Stat. 2475, 2478; Pub. L. 113–126, title VII, §703(a), July 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 1422; Pub. L. 116–92, div. E, title LIII, §5303, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2119.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 426 of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 605 of act July 26, 1947, was renumbered section 604 and is classified to section 3125 of this title.

Amendments

2019—Par. (4)(A). Pub. L. 116–92, §5303(1), struck out cl. (i) designation before "whose identity", substituted "agency" for "agency—" and "; or" for ", and", and struck out cl. (ii) which read as follows: "who is serving outside the United States or has within the last five years served outside the United States; or".

Par. (4)(B)(i). Pub. L. 116–92, §5303(2), substituted "acts" for "resides and acts outside the United States".

2014—Pub. L. 113–126, §703(a), made technical amendments to directory language of Pub. L. 112–277, §506. See 2013 Amendment note below.

2013—Par. (5). Pub. L. 112–277, §506, as amended by Pub. L. 113–126, §703(a), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "The term 'intelligence agency' means the Central Intelligence Agency, a foreign intelligence component of the Department of Defense, or the foreign counterintelligence or foreign counterterrorism components of the Federal Bureau of Investigation."

1999—Par. (4)(A). Pub. L. 106–120 substituted "a present or retired officer or employee" for "an officer or employee" and "a present or retired member" for "a member".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2014 Amendment

Pub. L. 113–126, title VII, §703(b), July 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 1423, provided that: "The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect as if included in the enactment of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 112–277)."

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
50 U.S.C. § 4312 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 53: TRADING WITH THE ENEMY / Section 4312: Property transferred to Alien Property Custodian
Property transferred to Alien Property Custodian
Status: in_force

All moneys (including checks and drafts payable on demand) paid to or received by the alien property custodian pursuant to this chapter shall be deposited forthwith in the Treasury of the United States, and may be invested and reinvested by the Secretary of the Treasury in United States bonds or United States certificates of indebtedness, under such rules and regulations as the President shall prescribe for such deposit, investment, and sale of securities; and as soon after the end of the war as the President shall deem practicable, such securities shall be sold and the proceeds deposited in the Treasury.

All other property of an enemy, or ally of enemy, conveyed, transferred, assigned, delivered, or paid to the alien property custodian hereunder shall be safely held and administered by him except as hereinafter provided; and the President is authorized to designate as a depositary, or depositaries, of property of an enemy or ally of enemy, any bank, or banks, or trust company, or trust companies, or other suitable depositary or depositaries, located and doing business in the United States. The alien property custodian may deposit with such designated depositary or depositaries, or with the Secretary of the Treasury, any stocks, bonds, notes, time drafts, time bills of exchange, or other securities, or property (except money or checks or drafts payable on demand which are required to be deposited with the Secretary of the Treasury) and such depositary or depositaries shall be authorized and empowered to collect any dividends or interest or income that may become due and any maturing obligations held for the account of such custodian. Any moneys collected on said account shall be paid and deposited forthwith by said depositary or by the alien property custodian into the Treasury of the United States as hereinbefore provided.

The President shall require all such designated depositaries to execute and file bonds sufficient in his judgment to protect property on deposit, such bonds to be conditioned as he may direct.

The alien property custodian shall be vested with all of the powers of a common-law trustee in respect of all property, other than money, which has been or shall be, or which has been or shall be required to be, conveyed, transferred, assigned, delivered, or paid over to him in pursuance of the provisions of this chapter, and, in addition thereto, acting under the supervision and direction of the President, and under such rules and regulations as the President shall prescribe, shall have power to manage such property and do any act or things in respect thereof or make any disposition thereof or of any part thereof, by sale or otherwise, and exercise any rights or powers which may be or become appurtenant thereto or to the ownership thereof in like manner as though he were the absolute owner thereof: Provided, That any property sold under this chapter except when sold to the United States, shall be sold only to American citizens, at public sale to the highest bidder, after public advertisement of time and place of sale which shall be where the property or a major portion thereof is situated, unless the President stating the reasons therefor, in the public interest shall otherwise determine: Provided further, That when sold at public sale, the alien property custodian upon the order of the President stating the reasons therefor, shall have the right to reject all bids and resell such property at public sale or otherwise as the President may direct. Any person purchasing property from the alien property custodian for an undisclosed principal, or for re-sale to a person not a citizen of the United States, or for the benefit of a person not a citizen of the United States, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall be subject to a fine of not more than $10,000, or imprisonment for not more than ten years, or both, and the property shall be forfeited to the United States. It shall be the duty of every corporation incorporated within the United States and every unincorporated association, or company, or trustee, or trustees within the United States issuing shares or certificates representing beneficial interests to transfer such shares or certificates upon its, his, or their books into the name of the alien property custodian upon demand, accompanied by the presentation of the certificates which represent such shares or beneficial interests. The alien property custodian shall forthwith deposit in the Treasury of the United States, as hereinbefore provided, the proceeds of any such property or rights so sold by him.

Any money or property required or authorized by the provisions of this chapter to be paid, conveyed, transferred, assigned, or delivered to the alien property custodian shall, if said custodian shall so direct by written order, be paid, conveyed, transferred, assigned, or delivered to the Treasurer of the United States with the same effect as if to the alien property custodian.

After the end of the war any claim of any enemy or of an ally of enemy to any money or other property received and held by the alien property custodian or deposited in the United States Treasury, shall be settled as Congress shall direct: Provided, however, That on order of the President as set forth in section 4309 of this title, or of the court, as set forth in sections 4309 and 4310 of this title, the alien property custodian or the Treasurer of the United States, as the case may be, shall forthwith convey, transfer, assign, and pay to the person to whom the President shall so order, or in whose behalf the court shall enter final judgment or decree, any property of an enemy or ally of enemy held by said custodian or by said Treasurer, so far as may be necessary to comply with said order of the President or said final judgment or decree of the court: And provided further, That the Treasurer of the United States, on order of the alien property custodian shall, as provided in section 4310 of this title, repay to the licensee any funds deposited by said licensee.

(Oct. 6, 1917, ch. 106, §12, 40 Stat. 423; Mar. 28, 1918, ch. 28, §1, 40 Stat. 460.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning act Oct. 6, 1917, ch. 106, 40 Stat. 411, known as the Trading with the enemy Act, also known as the Trading with the Enemy Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 4301 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 12 of the former Appendix to this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

1918—Act Mar. 28, 1918, required that property sold be sold at public sale to American citizens, gave Custodian right to reject bids, and made violations of sale regulations subject to fine or imprisonment as misdemeanors.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by law in Alien Property Custodian and Office of Alien Property Custodian transferred to Attorney General by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1947, §101, eff. July 1, 1947, 12 F.R. 4534, 61 Stat. 951, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
50 U.S.C. § 3512 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 46: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY / Section 3512: Gifts, devises, and bequests
Gifts, devises, and bequests
Status: in_force

(a) Use for operational purposes prohibited

(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the Director may accept, hold, administer, and use gifts of money, securities, or other property whenever the Director determines it would be in the interest of the United States to do so.

(2) Any gift accepted by the Director as a gift to the Agency under this subsection (and any income produced by any such gift)—

(A) may be used only for—

(i) artistic display;

(ii) purposes relating to the general welfare, education, or recreation of employees or dependents of employees of the Agency or for similar purposes; or

(iii) purposes relating to the welfare, education, or recreation of an individual described in paragraph (3); and

(B) under no circumstances may such a gift (or any income produced by any such gift) be used for operational purposes.

(3) An individual described in this paragraph is an individual who—

(A) is an employee or a former employee of the Agency who suffered injury or illness while employed by the Agency that—

(i) resulted from hostile or terrorist activities;

(ii) occurred in connection with an intelligence activity having a significant element of risk; or

(iii) occurred under other circumstances determined by the Director to be analogous to the circumstances described in clause (i) or (ii);

(B) is a family member of such an employee or former employee; or

(C) is a surviving family member of an employee of the Agency who died in circumstances described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of subparagraph (A).

(4) The Director may not accept any gift under this section that is expressly conditioned upon any expenditure not to be met from the gift itself or from income produced by the gift unless such expenditure has been authorized by law.

(5) The Director may, in the Director's discretion, determine that an individual described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (3) may accept a gift for the purposes described in paragraph (2)(A)(iii).

(b) Sale, exchange and investment of gifts

Unless otherwise restricted by the terms of the gift, the Director may sell or exchange, or invest or reinvest, any property which is accepted under subsection (a), but any such investment may only be in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States.

(c) Deposit of gifts into special fund

There is hereby created on the books of the Treasury of the United States a fund into which gifts of money, securities, and other intangible property accepted under the authority of subsection (a), and the earnings and proceeds thereof, shall be deposited. The assets of such fund shall be disbursed upon the order of the Director for the purposes specified in subsection (a) or (b).

(d) Taxation of gifts

For purposes of Federal income, estate, and gift taxes, gifts accepted by the Director under subsection (a) shall be considered to be to or for the use of the United States.

(e) "Gift" defined

For the purposes of this section, the term "gift" includes a bequest or devise.

(f) Fundraising

(1) The Director may engage in fundraising in an official capacity for the benefit of nonprofit organizations that provide support to surviving family members of deceased Agency employees or that otherwise provide support for the welfare, education, or recreation of Agency employees, former Agency employees, or their family members.

(2) In this subsection, the term "fundraising" means the raising of funds through the active participation in the promotion, production, or presentation of an event designed to raise funds and does not include the direct solicitation of money by any other means.

(3) Not later than the date that is 7 days after the date the Director engages in fundraising authorized by this subsection or at the time the decision is made to participate in such fundraising, the Director shall notify the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives of the fundraising.

(g) Regulations

The Director, in consultation with the Director of the Office of Government Ethics, shall issue regulations to carry out the authority provided in this section. Such regulations shall ensure that such authority is exercised consistent with all relevant ethical constraints and principles, including—

(1) the avoidance of any prohibited conflict of interest or appearance of impropriety; and

(2) a prohibition against the acceptance of a gift from a foreign government or an agent of a foreign government.

(June 20, 1949, ch. 227, §12, as added Pub. L. 96–450, title IV, §404, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1979; amended Pub. L. 112–87, title IV, §411, Jan. 3, 2012, 125 Stat. 1889; Pub. L. 113–126, title IV, §421, July 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 1410; Pub. L. 115–31, div. N, title III, §303(b), May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 810; Pub. L. 118–31, div. G, title IX, §7901(g)(3), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1107.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 403l of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2023—Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 118–31 struck out closing quotation marks after "used only for—" in introductory provisions.

2017—Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 115–31 added par. (3).

2014—Pub. L. 113–126, §421(1), substituted "Gifts, devises, and bequests" for "Authority to accept gifts, devises, and bequests" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 113–126, §421(2), in introductory provisions, inserted "by the Director as a gift to the Agency" after "accepted" and substituted "this subsection" for "this section".

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 113–126, §421(3), (4), substituted "subsection (a)," for "this section,".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–126, §421(5), substituted "subsection (a)" for "this section".

Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 113–126, §421(6), (7), added subsec. (f) and redesignated former subsec. (f) as (g).

2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–87, §411(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1), struck out "Any gift accepted under this section (and any income produced by any such gift) may be used only for artistic display or for purposes relating to the general welfare, education, or recreation of employees or dependents of employees of the Agency or for similar purposes, and under no circumstances may such a gift (or any income produced by any such gift) be used for operational purposes. The Director may not accept any gift under this section which is expressly conditioned upon any expenditure not to be met from the gift itself or from income produced by the gift unless such expenditure has been authorized by law." at end, and added pars. (2) to (5).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 112–87, §411(2), added subsec. (f).
50 U.S.C. § 2782a (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 42: ATOMIC ENERGY DEFENSE PROVISIONS / Subchapter VIII: ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS / Section 2782a: Assessments of emergency preparedness of defense nuclear facilities
Assessments of emergency preparedness of defense nuclear facilities
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Energy shall include, in each award-fee evaluation conducted under section 16.401 of title 48, Code of Federal Regulations, of a management and operating contract for a Department of Energy defense nuclear facility in 2016 or any even-numbered year thereafter, an assessment of the adequacy of the emergency preparedness of that facility, including an assessment of the seniority level of management and operating contractor employees that participate in emergency preparedness exercises at that facility.

(Pub. L. 107–314, div. D, title XLVIII, §4802A, as added Pub. L. 114–92, div. C, title XXXI, §3134(a), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 1207.)
50 U.S.C. § 4826 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 58: EXPORT CONTROL REFORM / Subchapter I: AUTHORITY AND ADMINISTRATION OF CONTROLS / Section 4826: Transition provisions
Transition provisions
Status: in_force

(a) In general

All delegations, rules, regulations, orders, determinations, licenses, or other forms of administrative action that have been made, issued, conducted, or allowed to become effective under the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. 4601 et seq.) (as in effect on the day before August 13, 2018, and as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)), or the Export Administration Regulations, and are in effect as of August 13, 2018, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, superseded, set aside, or revoked under the authority of this subchapter.

(b) Administrative and judicial proceedings

This subchapter shall not affect any administrative or judicial proceedings commenced, or any applications for licenses made, under the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as in effect on the day before August 13, 2018, and as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act [50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.]), or the Export Administration Regulations.

(c) Certain determinations and references

(1) State sponsors of terrorism

Any determination that was made under section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as in effect on the day before August 13, 2018, and as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act [50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.]) shall continue in effect as if the determination had been made under section 4813(c) of this title.

(2) Reference

Any reference in any other provision of law to a country the government of which the Secretary of State has determined, for purposes of section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as in effect on the day before August 13, 2018, and as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act [50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.]), is a government that has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism shall be deemed to refer to a country the government of which the Secretary of State has determined, for purposes of section 4813(c) of this title, is a government that has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism.

(Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, §1768, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2233.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–72, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 503, which was classified principally to chapter 56 (§4601 et seq.) of this title and was substantially repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, §1766(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2232. Section 6(j) of the Act was classified to section 4605(j) of this title prior to repeal. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in text, is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1701 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of this title and Tables.

This subchapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original "this part", meaning part I (§§1751–1768) of subtitle B of title XVII of div. A of Pub. L. 115–232, known as the Export Controls Act of 2018, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of part I to the Code, see section 1751 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a Short Title note under section 4801 of this title and Tables.
50 U.S.C. § 2444 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 41: NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter III: MATTERS RELATING TO PERSONNEL / Section 2444: Nonproliferation and national security scholarship and fellowship program
Nonproliferation and national security scholarship and fellowship program
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Administrator for Nuclear Security shall carry out a program to provide scholarships and fellowships for the purpose of enabling individuals to qualify for employment in the nonproliferation and national security programs of the National Nuclear Security Administration.

(b) Eligible individuals

An individual shall be eligible for a scholarship or fellowship under the program established under this section if the individual—

(1) is a citizen or national of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence;

(2) has been accepted for enrollment or is currently enrolled as a full-time student at an institution of higher education (as defined in section 102(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002(a)));

(3) is pursuing a program of education that leads to an appropriate higher education degree in a qualifying field of study, as determined by the Administrator;

(4) enters into an agreement described in subsection (c); and

(5) meets such other requirements as the Administrator prescribes.

(c) Agreement

An individual seeking a scholarship or fellowship under the program established under this section shall enter into an agreement, in writing, with the Administrator that includes the following:

(1) The agreement of the Administrator to provide such individual with a scholarship or fellowship in the form of educational assistance for a specified number of school years (not to exceed five school years) during which such individual is pursuing a program of education in a qualifying field of study, which educational assistance may include payment of tuition, fees, books, laboratory expenses, and a stipend.

(2) The agreement of such individual—

(A) to accept such educational assistance;

(B) to maintain enrollment and attendance in a program of education described in subsection (b)(2) until such individual completes such program;

(C) while enrolled in such program, to maintain satisfactory academic progress in such program, as determined by the institution of higher education in which such individual is enrolled; and

(D) after completion of such program, to serve as a full-time employee in a nonproliferation or national security position in the National Nuclear Security Administration or at a laboratory of the Administration for a period of not less than 12 months for each school year or part of a school year for which such individual receives a scholarship or fellowship under the program established under this section.

(3) The agreement of such individual with respect to the repayment requirements specified in subsection (d).

(d) Repayment

(1) In general

An individual receiving a scholarship or fellowship under the program established under this section shall agree to pay to the United States the total amount of educational assistance provided to such individual under such program, plus interest at the rate prescribed by paragraph (4), if such individual—

(A) does not complete the program of education agreed to pursuant to subsection (c)(2)(B);

(B) completes such program of education but declines to serve in a position in the National Nuclear Security Administration or at a laboratory of the Administration as agreed to pursuant to subsection (c)(2)(D); or

(C) is voluntarily separated from service or involuntarily separated for cause from the National Nuclear Security Administration or a laboratory of the Administration before the end of the period for which such individual agreed to continue in the service of the Administration pursuant to subsection (c)(2)(D).

(2) Failure to repay

If an individual who received a scholarship or fellowship under the program established under this section is required to repay, pursuant to an agreement under paragraph (1), the total amount of educational assistance provided to such individual under such program, plus interest at the rate prescribed by paragraph (4), and fails to repay such amount, a sum equal to such amount (plus such interest) is recoverable by the United States Government from such individual or the estate of such individual by—

(A) in the case of an individual who is an employee of the United States Government, setoff against accrued pay, compensation, amount of retirement credit, or other amount due the employee from the Government; or

(B) such other method as is provided by law for the recovery of amounts owed to the Government.

(3) Waiver of repayment

The Administrator may waive, in whole or in part, repayment by an individual under this subsection if the Administrator determines that seeking recovery under paragraph (2) would be against equity and good conscience or would be contrary to the best interests of the United States.

(4) Rate of interest

For purposes of repayment under this subsection, the total amount of educational assistance provided to an individual under the program established under this section shall bear interest at the applicable rate of interest under section 427A(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1077a(c)).

(e) Preference for cooperative education students

In evaluating individuals for the award of a scholarship or fellowship under the program established under this section, the Administrator may give a preference to an individual who is enrolled in, or accepted for enrollment in, an institution of higher education that has a cooperative education program with the National Nuclear Security Administration.

(f) Coordination of benefits

A scholarship or fellowship awarded under the program established under this section shall be taken into account in determining the eligibility of an individual receiving such scholarship or fellowship for Federal student financial assistance provided under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.).

(g) Report to Congress

Not later than January 1, 2010, the Administrator shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report on the activities carried out under the program established under this section, including any recommendations for future activities under such program.

(h) Funding

Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated by section 3101(a)(2) 1 for defense nuclear nonproliferation activities, $3,000,000 shall be available to carry out the program established under this section.

(Pub. L. 110–417, div. C, title XXXI, §3113, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4754; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, §1075(e)(19), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4375; Pub. L. 118–159, div. C, title XXXI, §3111(b), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2293.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 89–329, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1219. Title IV of the Act is classified generally to subchapter IV (§1070 et seq.) of chapter 28 of Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of Title 20 and Tables.

Section 3101(a)(2), referred to in subsec. (h), is section 3101(a)(2) of Pub. L. 110–417, div. C, title XXXI, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4752, which is not classified to the Code.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009, and not as part of the National Nuclear Security Administration Act which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2024—Pub. L. 118–159 substituted "National Nuclear Security Administration" for "Department of Energy" and "of the Administration" for "of the Department" wherever appearing.

2011—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 111–383, §1075(e)(19)(A), inserted closing parenthesis before semicolon.

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 111–383, §1075(e)(19)(B), substituted "fails to repay" for "fails repay".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

"Congressional Defense Committees" Defined

Congressional defense committees has the meaning given that term in section 101(a)(16) of Title 10, Armed Forces, see section 3 of Pub. L. 110–417, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4372. See note under section 101 of Title 10.

1 See References in Text note below.
50 U.S.C. § 98f (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 5: ARSENALS, ARMORIES, ARMS, AND WAR MATERIAL GENERALLY / Subchapter III: ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC RAW MATERIALS / Section 98f: Special Presidential disposal authority
Special Presidential disposal authority
Status: in_force

(a) Materials in the stockpile may be released for use, sale, or other disposition—

(1) on the order of the President, at any time the President determines the release of such materials is required for purposes of the national defense;

(2) in time of war declared by the Congress or during a national emergency, on the order of any officer or employee of the United States designated by the President to have authority to issue disposal orders under this subsection, if such officer or employee determines that the release of such materials is required for purposes of the national defense; and

(3) on the order of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, if the President has designated the Under Secretary to have authority to issue release orders under this subsection and, in the case of any such order, if the Under Secretary determines that the release of such materials is required for use, manufacture, or production for purposes of national defense.

(b) Any order issued under subsection (a) shall be promptly reported by the President, or by the officer or employee issuing such order, in writing, to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives.

(June 7, 1939, ch. 190, §7, as added Pub. L. 96–41, §2(a), July 30, 1979, 93 Stat. 322; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, §1502(e)(2), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 509; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, §1067(13), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 775; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title XIV, §1413(a), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2048; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title IX, §902(90), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1554.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 98f, acts June 7, 1939, ch. 190, §7, 53 Stat. 812; July 23, 1946, ch. 590, 60 Stat. 599, related to investigations of domestic ores, minerals, and agriculture resources for purposes of development, etc., prior to repeal by section 2(a) of Pub. L. 96–41.

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in former section 98d of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 96–41.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 116–92 substituted "Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment" for "Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics".

2013—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 112–239 added par. (3).

1999—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–65 substituted "and the Committee on Armed Services" for "and the Committee on National Security".

1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–106 substituted "Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on National Security of the House of Representatives" for "Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives".
50 U.S.C. § 4532 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 55: DEFENSE PRODUCTION / Subchapter II: EXPANSION OF PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY AND SUPPLY / Section 4532: Loans to private business enterprises
Loans to private business enterprises
Status: in_force

(a) Loan authority

To reduce current or projected shortfalls of industrial resources, critical technology items, or materials essential for the national defense, the President may make provision for loans to private business enterprises (including nonprofit research corporations and providers of critical infrastructure) for the creation, maintenance, expansion, protection, or restoration of capacity, the development of technological processes, or the production of essential materials, including the exploration, development, and mining of strategic and critical metals and minerals.

(b) Conditions of loans

Loans may be made under this section on such terms and conditions as the President deems necessary, except that—

(1) financial assistance may be extended only to the extent that it is not otherwise available from private sources on reasonable terms; and

(2) during periods of national emergency declared by the Congress or the President, no such loan may be made unless the President determines that—

(A) the loan is for an activity that supports the production or supply of an industrial resource, critical technology item, or material that is essential to the national defense;

(B) without the loan, United States industry cannot reasonably be expected to provide the needed capacity, technological processes, or materials in a timely manner;

(C) the loan is the most cost-effective, expedient, and practical alternative method for meeting the need;

(D) the prospective earning power of the loan applicant and the character and value of the security pledged provide a reasonable assurance of repayment of the loan in accordance with the terms of the loan, as determined by the President; and

(E) the loan bears interest at a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury to be reasonable, taking into account the then-current average yield on outstanding obligations of the United States with remaining periods of maturity comparable to the maturity of the loan.

(c) Limitations on loans

Loans under this section may be—

(1) made or guaranteed under the authority of this section only to the extent that an appropriations Act—

(A) provides, in advance, budget authority for the cost of such guarantees, as defined in section 661a of title 2; and

(B) establishes a limitation on the total loan principal that may be guaranteed; and

(2) made without regard to the limitations of existing law, other than section 1341 of title 31.

(d) Aggregate loan amounts

(1) In general

If the making of any loan under this section to correct a shortfall would cause the aggregate outstanding amount of all obligations of the Federal Government under this subchapter relating to such shortfall to exceed $50,000,000, such loan may be made only—

(A) if the President has notified the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives, in writing, of the proposed loan; and

(B) after the 30-day period following the date on which notice under subparagraph (A) is provided.

(2) Waivers authorized

The requirements of paragraph (1) may be waived—

(A) during a period of national emergency declared by the Congress or the President; and

(B) upon a determination by the President, on a nondelegable basis, that a specific loan is necessary to avert an industrial resource or critical technology shortfall that would severely impair national defense capability.

(Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title III, §302, as added Pub. L. 111–67, §7, Sept. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 2012.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 4564(a) of this title.

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 2092 of the former Appendix to this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 302 of act Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title III, 64 Stat. 801; June 30, 1952, ch. 530, title I, §104, 66 Stat. 298; Pub. L. 93–155, title VIII, §807(b), Nov. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 615; Pub. L. 96–294, title I, §104(c), June 30, 1980, 94 Stat. 618; Pub. L. 98–265, §§3(b), 4(b), Apr. 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 149, 151; Pub. L. 102–558, title I, §121(b), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4204, related to loans to private business enterprises, prior to the general amendment of title III of this Act by Pub. L. 111–67.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Increasing Access to Materials Necessary for National Security and Pandemic Recovery

Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title IV, §4017, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 482, provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law—

"(1) during the 2-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act [Mar. 27, 2020], the requirements described in sections 303(a)(6)(C) and 304(e) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4533(a)(6)(C), 4534(e)) shall not apply; and

"(2) during the 1-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the requirements described in sections 302(d)(1) and 303(a)(6)(B) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4532(d)(1), 4533(a)(6)(B)) shall not apply."

Legislative Waiver of Loan Limitations

Requirement described in subsec. (c)(1) of this section waived for the two-year period beginning with Mar. 27, 2020, see provision of title III of div. B of Pub. L. 116–136, set out as a note under section 4531 of this title.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Authority of President under this section with respect to responding to the spread of COVID–19 within the United States delegated to Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Homeland Security, see section 2 of Ex. Ord. No. 13911, Mar. 27, 2020, 85 F.R. 18403, set out as a note under section 4511 of this title.

Functions of President under this chapter relating to production, conservation, use, control, distribution, and allocation of energy, delegated to Secretary of Energy, see section 4 of Ex. Ord. No. 11790, June 25, 1974, 39 F.R. 23185, set out as a note under section 761 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

For delegation of certain authority of President under this section, see sections 302 and 305(a) of Ex. Ord. No. 13603, Mar. 16, 2012, 77 F.R. 16654, set out as a note under section 4553 of this title.

Ex. Ord. No. 13922. Delegating Authority Under the Defense Production Act to the Chief Executive Officer of the United States International Development Finance Corporation To Respond to the COVID–19 Outbreak

Ex. Ord. No. 13922, May 14, 2020, 85 F.R. 30583, provided:

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.) (the "Act"), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, it is hereby ordered as follows:

Section 1. Policy. In Proclamation 9994 of March 13, 2020 (Declaring a National Emergency Concerning the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID–19) Outbreak) [50 U.S.C. 1621 note], I declared a national emergency recognizing the threat that the novel (new) coronavirus known as SARS–CoV–2 poses to our Nation's healthcare systems. In recognizing the public health risk, I noted that on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that the outbreak of COVID–19 (the disease caused by SARS–CoV–2) can be characterized as a pandemic.

To ensure that our country has the capacity, capability, and strong and resilient domestic industrial base necessary to respond to the COVID–19 outbreak, it is the policy of the United States to further expand domestic production of strategic resources needed to respond to the COVID–19 outbreak, including strengthening relevant supply chains within the United States and its territories. It is important to use all resources available to the United States, including executive departments and agencies (agencies) with expertise in loan support for private institutions. Accordingly, I am delegating authority under title III of the Act [50 U.S.C. 4531 et seq.] to make loans, make provision for purchases and commitments to purchase, and take additional actions to create, maintain, protect, expand, and restore the domestic industrial base capabilities, including supply chains within the United States and its territories ("domestic supply chains"), needed to respond to the COVID–19 outbreak.

Sec. 2. Delegation of Authority Under Title III of the Act. (a) Notwithstanding Executive Order 13603 of March 16, 2012 (National Defense Resources Preparedness) [50 U.S.C. 4553 note], and in addition to the delegation of authority in Executive Order 13911 of March 27, 2020 (Delegating Additional Authority Under the Defense Production Act With Respect to Health and Medical Resources to Respond to the Spread of COVID–19) [50 U.S.C. 4511 note], the Chief Executive Officer of the United States International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) is delegated the authority of the President conferred by sections 302 and 303 of the Act (50 U.S.C. 4532 and 4533), and the authority to implement the Act in subchapter III of chapter 55 of title 50, United States Code (50 U.S.C. 4554, 4555, 4556, and 4560).

(b) The Chief Executive Officer of the DFC may use the authority under sections 302 and 303 of the Act, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the heads of other agencies as he deems appropriate, for the domestic production of strategic resources needed to respond to the COVID–19 outbreak, or to strengthen any relevant domestic supply chains.

(c) The loan authority delegated by this order is limited to loans that create, maintain, protect, expand, or restore domestic industrial base capabilities supporting:

(i) the national response and recovery to the COVID–19 outbreak; or

(ii) the resiliency of any relevant domestic supply chains.

(d) Loans extended using the authority delegated by this order shall be made in accordance with the principles and guidelines outlined in OMB Circular A–11, OMB Circular A–129, and the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, as amended (2 U.S.C. 661 et seq.).

(e) The Chief Executive Officer of the DFC shall adopt appropriate rules and regulations as may be necessary to implement this order.

Sec. 3. Termination. The delegation of authority in this order shall expire upon termination of the 2-year period during which the requirements described in section 302(c)(1) of the Act (50 U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)) are waived pursuant to title III of division B of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (Public Law 116–136) [see Legislative Waiver of Loan Limitations note set out under section 4531 of this title].

Sec. 4. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

Donald J. Trump.
50 U.S.C. § 2741 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 42: ATOMIC ENERGY DEFENSE PROVISIONS / Subchapter VII: BUDGET AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT MATTERS / Section 2741: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this part:

(1) The term "DOE national security authorization" means an authorization of appropriations for activities of the Department of Energy in carrying out programs necessary for national security.

(2)(A) Except as provided by subparagraph (B), the term "minor construction threshold" means $30,000,000.

(B) The Administrator may calculate the amount specified in subparagraph (A) based on fiscal year 2022 constant dollars if the Administrator—

(i) submits to the congressional defense committees a report on the method used by the Administrator to calculate the adjustment;

(ii) a period of 30 days elapses following the date of such submission; and

(iii) publishes the adjusted amount in the Federal Register.

(Pub. L. 107–314, div. D, title XLVII, §4701, formerly div. C, title XXXVI, §3620, Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2756; renumbered div. D, title XLVII, §4701, by Pub. L. 108–136, div. C, title XXXI, §3141(j)(2)(A)–(C), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1781; Pub. L. 111–84, div. C, title XXXI, §3118(a), (b), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2709; Pub. L. 111–383, div. C, title XXXI, §3121(a), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4514; Pub. L. 113–66, div. C, title XXXI, §3146(a)(2)(I), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1073; Pub. L. 115–91, div. C, title XXXI, §3119, Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1892; Pub. L. 117–81, div. C, title XXXI, §3115(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2226; Pub. L. 117–263, div. C, title XXXI, §3113(a), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3052; Pub. L. 118–31, div. C, title XXXI, §3120, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 791.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 7386 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 108–136.

Amendments

2023—Par. (2)(A). Pub. L. 118–31, §3120(1), substituted "subparagraph (B)" for "subparagraphs (B) and (C)".

Par. (2)(B). Pub. L. 118–31, §3120(2), substituted "The" for "During the period beginning on December 23, 2022, and ending on November 30, 2025, the" in introductory provisions.

Par. (2)(C). Pub. L. 118–31, §3120(3), struck out subpar. (C) which read as follows: "Beginning on December 1, 2025, the term 'minor construction threshold' means—

"(i) $30,000,000; or

"(ii) if the Administrator calculated a different amount pursuant to subparagraph (B), the last such calculated amount as published in the Federal Register under clause (iii) of such subparagraph."

2022—Par. (2). Pub. L. 117–263 amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: "The term 'minor construction threshold' means $25,000,000."

2021—Par. (2). Pub. L. 117–81 substituted "$25,000,000" for "$20,000,000".

2017—Par. (2). Pub. L. 115–91 substituted "$20,000,000" for "$10,000,000".

2013—Pars. (2), (3). Pub. L. 113–66 redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which defined "congressional defense committees".

2011—Par. (3). Pub. L. 111–383 substituted "$10,000,000" for "$5,000,000".

2009—Par. (3). Pub. L. 111–84, §3118(b), substituted "$5,000,000" for "$10,000,000".

Pub. L. 111–84, §3118(a), substituted "$10,000,000" for "$5,000,000".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–84, div. C, title XXXI, §3118(b), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2709, provided that the amendment made by section 3118(b) is effective Sept. 30, 2010.
50 U.S.C. § 3316b (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 45: MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AUTHORITIES / Subchapter I: BUDGET AND OVERSIGHT / Section 3316b: Continuity of operations plans for certain elements of the intelligence community in the case of a national emergency
Continuity of operations plans for certain elements of the intelligence community in the case of a national emergency
Status: in_force

(a) Definition of covered national emergency

In this section, the term "covered national emergency" means the following:

(1) A major disaster declared by the President under section 5170 of title 42.

(2) An emergency declared by the President under section 5191 of title 42.

(3) A national emergency declared by the President under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.).

(4) A public health emergency declared under section 247d of title 42.

(b) In general

The Director of National Intelligence, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office, the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Director of the National Security Agency, and the Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency shall each establish continuity of operations plans for use in the case of covered national emergencies for the element of the intelligence community concerned.

(c) Submission to Congress

(1) Director of National Intelligence and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency

Not later than 7 days after the date on which a covered national emergency is declared, the Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency shall each submit to the congressional intelligence committees the plan established under subsection (b) for that emergency for the element of the intelligence community concerned.

(2) Director of National Reconnaissance Office, Director of Defense Intelligence Agency, Director of National Security Agency, and Director of National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency

Not later than 7 days after the date on which a covered national emergency is declared, the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office, the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Director of the National Security Agency, and the Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency shall each submit the plan established under subsection (b) for that emergency for the element of the intelligence community concerned to the following:

(A) The congressional intelligence committees.

(B) The Committee on Armed Services of the Senate.

(C) The Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives.

(d) Updates

During a covered national emergency, the Director of National Intelligence, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office, the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Director of the National Security Agency, and the Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency shall each submit any updates to the plans submitted under subsection (c)—

(1) in accordance with that subsection; and

(2) in a timely manner consistent with section 3091 of this title.

(Pub. L. 116–260, div. W, title III, §303, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2364.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The National Emergencies Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is Pub. L. 94–412, Sept. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1255, which is classified principally to chapter 34 (§1601 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

For definitions of "congressional intelligence committees" and "intelligence community" as used in this section, see section 2 of div. W of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 3003 of this title.
50 U.S.C. § 3372 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 45: MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AUTHORITIES / Subchapter IV: COLLECTION, ANALYSIS, AND SHARING OF INTELLIGENCE / Section 3372: Monitoring mineral investments under Belt and Road Initiative of People's Republic of China
Monitoring mineral investments under Belt and Road Initiative of People's Republic of China
Status: in_force

(a) Report required

Not later than 1 year after December 27, 2020, the Director of National Intelligence (referred to in this section as the "Director"), in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, and the United States Trade Representative, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on investments in minerals under the Belt and Road Initiative of the People's Republic of China that includes an assessment of—

(1) notable past mineral investments;

(2) whether and how such investments have increased the extent of control of minerals by the People's Republic of China;

(3) any efforts by the People's Republic of China to counter or interfere with the goals of the Energy Resource Governance Initiative of the Department of State; and

(4) the strategy of the People's Republic of China with respect to mineral investments.

(b) Monitoring mechanism

In conjunction with each report required by subsection (a), the Director shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of any minerals with respect to which—

(1) the People's Republic of China, directly or through the Belt and Road Initiative—

(A) is increasing its concentration of extraction and processing;

(B) is acquiring significant mining and processing facilities;

(C) is maintaining or increasing export restrictions; or

(D) has achieved substantial control of the supply of minerals used within an industry or related minerals;

(2) there is a significant difference between domestic prices in the People's Republic of China as compared to prices on international markets; or

(3) there is a significant increase or volatility in price as a result of the Belt and Road Initiative of the People's Republic of China.

(c) Critical mineral evaluation

For any mineral included on the list required by subsection (b) that is not already designated as critical by the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to section 1606(c) of title 30, the Director shall—

(1) determine, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, and the United States Trade Representative, whether the mineral is strategic and critical to the defense or national security of the United States; and

(2) make a recommendation to the Secretary of the Interior regarding the designation of the mineral under section 1606(c) of title 30.

(d) Annual updates

The Director shall update the report required by subsection (a) and list required by subsection (b) not less frequently than annually.

(e) Form

Each report or list required by this section shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

(f) Appropriate congressional committees defined

In this section, the term "appropriate congressional committees" means—

(1) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Finance, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and

(2) the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

(Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title VII, §7003, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2577.)
50 U.S.C. § 2582 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 42: ATOMIC ENERGY DEFENSE PROVISIONS / Subchapter IV: DEFENSE ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP MATTERS / Section 2582: Requirement to develop future use plans for defense environmental cleanup
Requirement to develop future use plans for defense environmental cleanup
Status: in_force

(a) Authority to develop future use plans

The Secretary of Energy may develop future use plans for any defense nuclear facility at which defense environmental cleanup activities are occurring.

(b) Requirement to develop future use plans

The Secretary shall develop a future use plan for each of the following defense nuclear facilities:

(1) Hanford Site, Richland, Washington.

(2) Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina.

(3) Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho.

(c) Citizen advisory board

(1) At each defense nuclear facility for which the Secretary of Energy intends or is required to develop a future use plan under this section and for which no citizen advisory board has been established, the Secretary shall establish a citizen advisory board.

(2) The Secretary may authorize the manager of a defense nuclear facility for which a future use plan is developed under this section (or, if there is no such manager, an appropriate official of the Department of Energy designated by the Secretary) to pay routine administrative expenses of a citizen advisory board established for that facility. Such payments shall be made from funds available to the Secretary for defense environmental cleanup activities necessary for national security programs.

(d) Requirement to consult with citizen advisory board

In developing a future use plan under this section with respect to a defense nuclear facility, the Secretary of Energy shall consult with a citizen advisory board established pursuant to subsection (c) or a similar advisory board already in existence as of September 23, 1996, for such facility, affected local governments (including any local future use redevelopment authorities), and other appropriate State agencies.

(e) 50-year planning period

A future use plan developed under this section shall cover a period of at least 50 years.

(f) Report

Not later than 60 days after completing development of a final plan for a site listed in subsection (b), the Secretary of Energy shall submit to Congress a report on the plan. The report shall describe the plan and contain such findings and recommendations with respect to the site as the Secretary considers appropriate.

(g) Savings provisions

(1) Nothing in this section, or in a future use plan developed under this section with respect to a defense nuclear facility, shall be construed as requiring any modification to a future use plan with respect to a defense nuclear facility that was developed before September 23, 1996.

(2) Nothing in this section may be construed to affect statutory requirements for a defense environmental cleanup activity or project or to modify or otherwise affect applicable statutory or regulatory defense environmental cleanup requirements, including substantive standards intended to protect public health and the environment, nor shall anything in this section be construed to preempt or impair any local land use planning or zoning authority or State authority.

(Pub. L. 107–314, div. D, title XLIV, §4402, formerly Pub. L. 104–201, div. C, title XXXI, §3153, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2839; renumbered Pub. L. 107–314, div. D, title XLIV, §4402, and amended Pub. L. 108–136, div. C, title XXXI, §3141(g)(3), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1764; Pub. L. 113–66, div. C, title XXXI, §3146(e)(2), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1076.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly set out as a note under section 7274k of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 108–136.

Amendments

2013—Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(A), substituted "defense environmental cleanup" for "environmental management program" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(B), substituted "defense environmental cleanup" for "environmental restoration and waste management".

Subsec. (b)(2) to (4). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(C), redesignated pars. (3) and (4) as (2) and (3), respectively, and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: "Rocky Flats Plant, Golden, Colorado."

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(D), substituted "for defense environmental cleanup" for "for program direction in carrying out environmental restoration and waste management".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(E), (F), redesignated subsec. (g) as (f) and struck out former subsec. (f). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "For each facility listed in subsection (b), the Secretary of Energy shall develop a draft future use plan by October 1, 1997, and a final future use plan by March 15, 1998."

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(F), redesignated subsec. (h) as (g). Former subsec. (g) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(G), substituted "a defense environmental cleanup" for "an environmental restoration or waste management" and "defense environmental cleanup" for "environmental restoration and waste management".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 113–66, §3146(e)(2)(F), redesignated subsec. (h) as (g).

2003—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–136, §3141(g)(3)(D)(i), substituted "September 23, 1996," for "the date of the enactment of this Act".

Subsec. (h)(1). Pub. L. 108–136, §3141(g)(3)(D)(ii), substituted "September 23, 1996" for "the date of the enactment of this Act".
50 U.S.C. § 2522 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 42: ATOMIC ENERGY DEFENSE PROVISIONS / Subchapter II: NUCLEAR WEAPONS STOCKPILE MATTERS / Section 2522: Stockpile stewardship criteria
Stockpile stewardship criteria
Status: in_force

(a) Requirement for criteria

The Secretary of Energy shall develop clear and specific criteria for judging whether the science-based tools being used by the Department of Energy for determining the safety and reliability of the nuclear weapons stockpile are performing in a manner that will provide an adequate degree of certainty that the stockpile is safe and reliable.

(b) Coordination with Secretary of Defense

The Secretary of Energy, in developing the criteria required by subsection (a), shall coordinate with the Secretary of Defense.

(Pub. L. 107–314, div. D, title XLII, §4202, formerly Pub. L. 105–261, div. C, title XXXI, §3158, Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2257; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, §1067(3), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 774; renumbered Pub. L. 107–314, div. D, title XLII, §4202, by Pub. L. 108–136, div. C, title XXXI, §3141(e)(3), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1758; Pub. L. 111–84, div. C, title XXXI, §3112, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2703; Pub. L. 112–239, div. C, title XXXI, §3133(b)(1), (2), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2192.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly set out as a note under section 2121 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 108–136.

Amendments

2013—Pub. L. 112–239, §3133(b)(2), substituted "Stockpile stewardship criteria" for "Report on stockpile stewardship criteria" in section catchline.

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 112–239, §3133(b)(1), struck out subsecs. (c) and (d), which related, respectively, to report and definitions.

2009—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–84, §3112(a), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (c) required submission of report not later than Mar. 1, 2000, to Congressional committees on Department of Energy efforts to develop subsec. (a) criteria.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–84, §3112(b), added subsec. (d).

1999—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–65 substituted "Committee on Armed Services" for "Committee on National Security" before "of the House of Representatives".
50 U.S.C. § 1431 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 29: NATIONAL DEFENSE CONTRACTS / Section 1431: Authorization; official approval; Congressional action: notification of committees of certain proposed obligations, resolution of disapproval, continuity of session, computation of period
Authorization; official approval; Congressional action: notification of committees of certain proposed obligations, resolution of disapproval, continuity of session, computation of period
Status: in_force

(a) The President may authorize any department or agency of the Government which exercises functions in connection with the national defense, acting in accordance with regulations prescribed by the President for the protection of the Government, to enter into contracts or into amendments or modifications of contracts heretofore or hereafter made and to make advance payments thereon, without regard to other provisions of law relating to the making, performance, amendment, or modification of contracts, whenever he deems that such action would facilitate the national defense. The authority conferred by this section shall not be utilized to obligate the United States in an amount in excess of $500,000 without approval by an official at or above the level of an Assistant Secretary or his Deputy, or an assistant head or his deputy, of such department or agency, or by a Contract Adjustment Board established therein. The authority conferred by this section may not be utilized to obligate the United States in an amount in excess of $150,000,000 unless the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives and in addition, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate with respect to contracts, or modifications or amendments to contracts, or advance payments proposed to be made under this section by the Secretary of the Department in which the Coast Guard is operating with respect to the acquisition of Coast Guard cutters or aircraft, have been notified in writing of such proposed obligation and 60 days of continuous session of Congress have expired following the date on which such notice was transmitted to such Committees. For purposes of this section, the continuity of a session of Congress is broken only by an adjournment of the Congress sine die at the end of a Congress, and the days on which either House is not in session because of an adjournment of more than 3 days to a day certain, or because of an adjournment sine die other than at the end of a Congress, are excluded in the computation of such 60-day period.

(b) Temporary Authority to Modify Certain Contracts and Options Based on the Impacts of Inflation.—Only amounts specifically provided by an appropriations Act for the purposes detailed in subsections (c) and (d) of this section may be used by the Secretary of Defense to carry out such subsections. If any such amounts are so specifically provided, the Secretary may use them for such purposes.

(c)(1) The Secretary of Defense, acting pursuant to a Presidential authorization under subsection (a) and in accordance with subsection (b)—

(A) may, notwithstanding subsection (e) of section 1432 of this title, make an amendment or modification to an eligible contract when, due solely to economic inflation, the cost to a prime contractor of performing such eligible contract is greater than the price of such eligible contract; and

(B) may not request consideration from such prime contractor for such amendment or modification.

(2) A prime contractor may submit to the Secretary of Defense a request for an amendment or modification to an eligible contract pursuant to subsection (a) when, due solely to economic inflation, the cost to a covered subcontractor of performing an eligible subcontract is greater than the price of such eligible subcontract. Such request shall include a certification that the prime contractor—

(A) will remit to such covered subcontractor the difference, if any, between the original price of such eligible contract and the price of such eligible contract if the Secretary of Defense makes an amendment or modification pursuant to subsection (a); and

(B) will not require such covered subcontractor to pay additional consideration or fees related to such amendment or modification.

(3) If a prime contractor does not make the request described in paragraph (2), a covered subcontractor may submit to a contracting officer of the Department of Defense a request for an amendment or modification to an eligible subcontract when, due solely to economic inflation, the cost to such covered subcontractor of performing such eligible subcontract is greater than the price of such eligible subcontract.

(d) Any adjustment or modification made pursuant to subsection (c) to an eligible contract or an eligible subcontract shall—

(1) be contingent upon the continued performance, as applicable, of such eligible contract or such eligible subcontract; and

(2) account only for the actual cost of performing such eligible contract or such eligible subcontract, but may account for indirect costs of performance, as the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate.

(e) The authority under subsections (c) and (d) shall be effective during the period beginning on December 23, 2022, and ending on December 31, 2025.

(f) In this section:

(1) The term "covered subcontractor" means a subcontractor who has entered into an eligible subcontract with a prime contractor.

(2) The term "eligible contract" means a contract awarded to a prime contractor by the Secretary of Defense pursuant to subsection (a).

(3) The term "eligible subcontract" means a subcontract made under an eligible contract to a covered subcontractor.

(Pub. L. 85–804, §1, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 972; Pub. L. 93–155, title VIII, §807(a), Nov. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 615; Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title XIII, §1313, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1670; Pub. L. 102–25, title VII, §705(f), Apr. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 120; Pub. L. 116–92, div. C, title XXXV, §3507(c), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1976; Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title VIII, §822(a), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 2709; Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title VIII, §824, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 332; Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title VIII, §824, Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1984.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 118–159 substituted "December 31, 2025" for "December 31, 2024".

2023—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 118–31, §824(1), inserted at end "If any such amounts are so specifically provided, the Secretary may use them for such purposes."

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 118–31, §824(2), substituted "December 31, 2024" for "December 31, 2023".

2022—Pub. L. 117–263, §822(a)(1), (4), inserted section 1 designation in original Act, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), and added subsecs. (b) to (f).

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–263, §822(a)(2), (3), substituted "an amount in excess of $500,000" for "an amount in excess of $50,000" and "an amount in excess of $150,000,000" for "any amount in excess of $25,000,000".

2019—Pub. L. 116–92, in third sentence, inserted "and in addition, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate with respect to contracts, or modifications or amendments to contracts, or advance payments proposed to be made under this section by the Secretary of the Department in which the Coast Guard is operating with respect to the acquisition of Coast Guard cutters or aircraft," after "House of Representatives".

1991—Pub. L. 102–25, §705(f)(1), inserted before period at end of third sentence "and 60 days of continuous session of Congress have expired following the date on which such notice was transmitted to such Committees".

Pub. L. 102–25, §705(f)(2), in fourth sentence, inserted "at the end of a Congress" after "sine die" and ", or because of an adjournment sine die other than at the end of a Congress," after "to a day certain".

1990—Pub. L. 101–510 struck out before period at end of third sentence "and 60 days of continuous session of Congress have expired following the date on which such notice was transmitted to such Committees and neither House of Congress has adopted, within such 60-day period, a resolution disapproving such obligation".

1973—Pub. L. 93–155 provided for notification of Congressional Committees with respect to certain proposed obligations, Congressional resolution of disapproval, continuity of Congressional session, and computation of period.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

Pub. L. 102–25, title VII, §705(f)(1), Apr. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 120, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective as of Nov. 6, 1990.

Nonapplicability of National Emergencies Act

The provisions of the National Emergencies Act [see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of this title] shall not apply to the powers and authorities conferred by this section and actions taken hereunder, see section 1651(a)(4) of this title.

Guidance

Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title VIII, §822(b), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 2711, provided that: "Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of an Act providing appropriations to carry out section 1 of Public Law 85–804 (50 U.S.C. 1431) (as added by subsection (a)), the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall issue guidance implementing the authority under subsections (b) through (d) of section 1 of Public Law 85–804 (50 U.S.C. 1431) (as added by subsection (a))."

Obligations Entered Into Before November 16, 1973

Pub. L. 93–155, title VIII, §807(e), Nov. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 616, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section, sections 3816 and 4532 of this title, and section 2307 of Title 10, Armed Forces] shall not affect the carrying out of any contract, loan, guarantee, commitment, or other obligation entered into prior to the date of enactment of this section [Nov. 16, 1973]."

Executive Documents

Ex. Ord. No. 10789. Contracting Authority of Government Agencies in Connection With National Defense Functions

Ex. Ord. No. 10789, Nov. 14, 1958, 23 F.R. 8897, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 11051, Sept. 27, 1962, 27 F.R. 9683; Ex. Ord. No. 11382, Nov. 28, 1967, 32 F.R. 16247; Ex. Ord. No. 11610, July 22, 1971, 36 F.R. 13755; Ex. Ord. No. 12148, July 20, 1979, 44 F.R. 43239; Ex. Ord. No. 12919, §904(b), June 3, 1994, 59 F.R. 29534; Ex. Ord. No. 13232, Oct. 20, 2001, 66 F.R. 53941; Ex. Ord. No. 13286, §73, Feb. 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 10630, provided:

By virtue of the authority vested in me by the act of August 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 972, hereinafter called the act [this chapter], and as President of the United States, and deeming that such action will facilitate the national defense, it is hereby ordered as follows:

Part I—Department of Defense

Under such regulations, which shall be uniform to the extent practicable, as may be prescribed or approved by the Secretary of Defense:

1. The Department of Defense is authorized, within the limits of the amounts appropriated and the contract authorization provided therefor, to enter into contracts and into amendments or modifications of contracts heretofore or hereafter made, and to make advance payments thereon, without regard to the provisions of law relating to the making, performance, amendment, or modification of contracts, whenever, in the judgment of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, or the Secretary of the Air Force, or the duly authorized representative of any such Secretary, the national defense will be facilitated thereby.

1A. (a) The limitation in paragraph 1 to amounts appropriated and the contract authorization provided therefor shall not apply to contractual provisions which provide that the United States will hold harmless and indemnify the contractor against any of the claims or losses set forth in subparagraph (b), whether resulting from the negligence or wrongful act or omission of the contractor or otherwise (except as provided in subparagraph (b)(2)). This exception from the limitations of paragraph 1 shall apply only to claims or losses arising out of or resulting from risks that the contract defines as unusually hazardous or nuclear in nature. Such a contractual provision shall be approved in advance by an official at a level not below that of the Secretary of a military department and may require each contractor so indemnified to provide and maintain financial protection of such type and in such amounts as is determined by the approving official to be appropriate under the circumstances. In deciding whether to approve the use of an indemnification provision and in determining the amount of financial protection to be provided and maintained by the indemnified contractor, the appropriate official shall take into account such factors as the availability, cost and terms of private insurance, self-insurance, other proof of financial responsibility and workmen's compensation insurance. Such approval and determination, as required by the preceding two sentences, shall be final.

(b)(1) Subparagraph (a) shall apply to claims (including reasonable expenses of litigation and settlement) or losses, not compensated by insurance or otherwise, of the following types:

(A) Claims by third persons, including employees of the contractor, for death, personal injury, or loss of, damage to, or loss of use of property;

(B) Loss of, damage to, or loss of use of property of the contractor;

(C) Loss of, damage to, or loss of use of property of the Government;

(D) Claims arising (i) from indemnification agreements between the contractor and a subcontractor or subcontractors, or (ii) from such arrangements and further indemnification arrangements between subcontractors at any tier; provided that all such arrangements were entered into pursuant to regulations prescribed or approved by the Secretaries of Defense, the Army, the Navy, or the Air Force.

(2) Indemnification and hold harmless agreements entered into pursuant to this subsection, whether between the United States and a contractor, or between a contractor and a subcontractor, or between two subcontractors, shall not cover claims or losses caused by the willful misconduct or lack of good faith on the part of any of the contractor's or subcontractor's directors or officers or principal officials which are (i) claims by the United States (other than those arising through subrogation) against the contractor or subcontractor, or (ii) losses affecting the property of such contractor or subcontractor. Regulations to be prescribed or approved by the Secretaries of Defense, the Army, the Navy or the Air Force shall define the scope of the term principal officials.

(3) The United States may discharge its obligation under a provision authorized by subparagraph (a) by making payments directly to subcontractors or to third persons to whom a contractor or subcontractor may be liable.

(c) A contractual provision made under subparagraph (a) that provides for indemnification must also provide for—

(1) notice to the United States of any claim or action against, or of any loss by, the contractor or subcontractor which is covered by such contractual provision; and

(2) control or assistance by the United States, at its election, in the settlement or defense of any such claim or action.

2. The Secretaries of Defense, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force, respectively, may exercise the authority herein conferred and, in their discretion and by their direction, may delegate such authority to any other military or civilian officers or officials of their respective departments, and may confer upon any such military or civilian officers or officials the power to make further delegations of such authority within their respective commands or organizations: Provided, That the authority herein conferred shall not be utilized to obligate the United States in an amount in excess of $50,000 without approval by an official at or above the level of an Assistant Secretary or his Deputy, or by a departmental Contract Adjustment Board.

3. The contracts hereby authorized to be made shall include agreements of all kinds (whether in the form of letters of intent, purchase orders, or otherwise) for all types and kinds of property or services necessary, appropriate, or convenient for the national defense, or for the invention, development, or production of, or research concerning, any such property or services, including, but not limited to, aircraft, missiles, buildings, vessels, arms, armament, equipment or supplies of any kind, or any portion thereof, including plans, spare parts and equipment therefor, materials, supplies, facilities, utilities, machinery, machine tools, and any other equipment without any restriction of any kind as to type, character, location, or form.

4. The Department of Defense may by agreement modify or amend or settle claims under contracts heretofore or hereafter made, may make advance payments upon such contracts of any portion of the contract price, and may enter into agreements with contractors or obligors modifying or releasing accrued obligations of any sort, including accrued liquidated damages or liability under surety or other bonds. Amendments or modifications of contracts may be with or without consideration and may be utilized to accomplish the same things as any original contract could have accomplished hereunder, irrespective of the time or circumstances of the making, or the form, of the contract amended or modified, or of the amending or modifying contract, and irrespective of rights which may have accrued under the contract or the amendments or modifications thereof.

5. Proper records of all actions taken under the authority of the act shall be maintained within the Department of Defense. The Secretaries of Defense, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force shall make such records available for public inspection except to the extent that they, or their duly authorized representatives, may respectively deem the disclosure of information therein to be detrimental to the national security.

6. The Department of Defense shall, by March 15 of each year, report to the Congress all actions taken within that department under the authority of the act during the preceding calendar year. With respect to actions which involve actual or potential cost to the United States in excess of $50,000, the report shall (except as the disclosure of such information may be deemed to be detrimental to the national security)—

(a) name the contractor;

(b) state the actual cost or estimated potential cost involved;

(c) describe the property or services involved; and

(d) state further the circumstances justifying the action taken.

7. There shall be no discrimination in any act performed hereunder against any person on the ground of race, religion, color, or national origin, and all contracts entered into, amended, or modified hereunder shall contain such nondiscrimination provision as otherwise may be required by statute or Executive order.

8. No claim against the United States arising under any purchase or contract made under the authority of the act and this order shall be assigned except in accordance with the Assignment of Claims Act of 1940 (54 Stat. 1029), as amended [section 3727 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and section 6305 of Title 41, Public Contracts].

9. Advance payments shall be made hereunder only upon obtaining adequate security.

10. Every contract entered into, amended, or modified pursuant to this order shall contain a warranty by the contractor in substantially the following terms:

"The Contractor warrants that no person or selling agency has been employed or retained to solicit or secure this contract upon an agreement or understanding for a commission, percentage, brokerage, or contingent fee, except bonafide employees or bonafide established commercial or selling agencies maintained by the Contractor for the purpose of securing business. For breach or violation of this warranty the Government shall have the right to annul this contract without liability or, in its discretion, to deduct from the contract price or consideration, or otherwise recover, the full amount of such commission, percentage, brokerage, or contingent fee."

11. Except as provided in the Act of September 27, 1966, 80 Stat. 850 [which amended section 1433 of this title, former sections 2310 (now 10 U.S.C. 4751) and 2313 (see 10 U.S.C. 3841) of Title 10, Armed Forces, and section 254 of former Title 41, Public Contracts] contracts entered into, amended, or modified pursuant to authority of this order shall include a clause to the effect that the Comptroller General of the United States or any of his duly authorized representatives shall, until the expiration of three years after final payment, have access to and the right to examine any directly pertinent books, documents, papers, and records of the contractor or any of his subcontractors engaged in the performance of, and involving transactions related to, such contracts or subcontracts. Before exercising the authority provided in the Act of September 27, 1966, 80 Stat. 850 the Secretaries of Defense, the Army, the Navy, or the Air Force, or their designees, shall first determine that all reasonable efforts have been made to include the clause prescribed above and that alternate sources of supply are not reasonably available.

12. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to constitute authorization hereunder for—

(a) the use of the cost-plus-a-percentage-of-cost system of contracting;

(b) any contract in violation of existing law relating to limitation of profits or fees;

(c) the negotiation of purchases of or contracts for property or services required by law to be procured by formal advertising and competitive bidding;

(d) the waiver of any bid, payment, performance, or other bond required by law;

(e) the amendment of a contract negotiated under [former] section 2304(a)(15) of Title 10 of the United States Code to increase the contract price to an amount higher than the lowest rejected bid of any responsible bidder; or

(f) the formalization of an informal commitment, unless the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, or the Secretary of the Air Force, or the duly authorized representative of any such Secretary, finds that at the time the commitment was made it was impracticable to use normal procurement procedures.

13. The provisions of the Walsh-Healey Act (49 Stat. 2036), as amended [now chapter 65 of Title 41, Public Contracts], the Davis-Bacon Act (49 Stat. 1011), as amended [now sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works], the Copeland Act (48 Stat. 948), as amended, and the Eight-Hour Law (37 Stat. 137), as amended [sections 321 to 323 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works], if otherwise applicable, shall apply to contracts made and performed under the authority of this order.

14. Nothing herein contained shall prejudice anything heretofore done under Executive Order No. 9001 of December 27, 1941, or Executive Order No. 10210 of February 2, 1951, or any amendments or extensions thereof, or the continuance in force of an action heretofore taken under those orders or any amendments or extensions thereof.

15. Nothing herein contained shall prejudice any other authority which the Department of Defense may have to enter into, amend, or modify contracts, and to make advance payments.

Part II—Extension of Provisions of Paragraphs 1 to 14

21. Subject to the limitations and regulations contained in paragraphs 1 to 14, inclusive, hereof, and under any regulations prescribed by him in pursuance of the provisions of paragraph 22 hereof, the head of each of the following-named agencies is authorized to perform or exercise as to his agency, independently of any Secretary referred to in the said paragraphs 1 to 14, all the functions and authority vested by those paragraphs in the Secretaries mentioned therein:

Department of the Treasury.

Department of the Interior.

Department of Agriculture.

Department of Commerce.

Department of Health and Human Services[.]

Department of Transportation.

Atomic Energy Commission.

General Services Administration.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Tennessee Valley Authority.

Government Printing Office [now Government Publishing Office].

Department of Homeland Security.

22. The head of each agency named in paragraph 21 hereof is authorized to prescribe regulations governing the carrying out of the functions and authority vested with respect to his agency by the provisions of paragraph 21 hereof. Such regulations shall, to the extent practicable, be uniform with the regulations prescribed or approved by the Secretary of Defense under the provisions of Part I of this order.

23. Nothing contained herein shall prejudice any other authority which any agency named in paragraph 21 hereof may have to enter into, amend, or modify contracts and to make advance payments.

24. Nothing contained in this Part shall constitute authorization thereunder for the amendment of a contract negotiated under [former] section 322(c)(14) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (63 Stat. 394), as amended by section 2(b) of the act of August 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 966, to increase the contract price to an amount higher than the lowest rejected bid of any responsible bidder.

Part III—Coordination with Other Authorities

25. After March 1, 2003, no executive department or agency shall exercise authority granted under paragraph 1A of this order with respect to any matter that has been, or could be, designated by the Secretary of Homeland Security as a qualified anti-terrorism technology as defined in section 865 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 [6 U.S.C. 444], unless—

(a) in the case of the Department of Defense, the Secretary of Defense has, after consideration of the authority provided under subtitle G of title VIII of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 [6 U.S.C. 441 et seq.], determined that the exercise of authority under this order is necessary for the timely and effective conduct of United States military or intelligence activities; and

(b) in the case of any other executive department or agency that has authority under this order, (i) the Secretary of Homeland Security has advised whether the use of the authority provided under subtitle G of title VIII of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 would be appropriate, and (ii) the Director of the Office and [sic] Management and Budget has approved the exercise of authority under this order.

Authorizing the Exercise of Authority Under Public Law 85–804

Memorandum of President of the United States, Apr. 10, 2020, 85 F.R. 21735, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of Veterans Affairs

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, I hereby direct the following:

Section 1. On March 13, 2020, I declared a national emergency recognizing the threat that the ongoing outbreak of COVID–19, the disease caused by the novel (new) coronavirus known as SARS–CoV–2 ("the virus"), poses to the Nation's healthcare systems. I also determined on the same day that the COVID–19 outbreak constitutes an emergency, of nationwide scope, pursuant to section 501(b) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5191(b)). On March 18, 2020, I declared that health and medical resources needed to respond to the spread of COVID–19 meet the criteria specified in section 101(b) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4511(b)), including that they are essential to the national defense.

Sec. 2. The Secretary of Veterans Affairs is authorized to exercise authority under Public Law 85–804, as amended (50 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.), to the same extent and subject to the same conditions and limitations as the head of an executive department or agency listed in section 21 of Executive Order 10789 of November 14, 1958 (Authorizing Agencies of the Government to Exercise Certain Contracting Authority in Connection with National-Defense Functions and Prescribing Regulations Governing the Exercise of Such Authority) [50 U.S.C. 1431 note], as amended, with respect to contracts performed in support of efforts by the Department of Veterans Affairs to combat the virus. This authority may only be exercised with regard to transactions directly responsive to the COVID–19 national emergency.

Sec. 3. The Department of Veterans Affairs is exercising functions in connection with the national defense in the course of contributing to the Nation's response to the ongoing outbreak of COVID–19. I deem that the authorization provided in this memorandum and actions taken pursuant to that authorization would facilitate the national defense.

Sec. 4. This memorandum shall terminate on September 30, 2020.

Sec. 5. (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b) This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c) This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

Sec. 6. You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

Donald J. Trump.
50 U.S.C. § 3370 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 45: MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AUTHORITIES / Subchapter IV: COLLECTION, ANALYSIS, AND SHARING OF INTELLIGENCE / Section 3370: Supply Chain and Counterintelligence Risk Management Task Force
Supply Chain and Counterintelligence Risk Management Task Force
Status: in_force

(a) Appropriate congressional committees defined

In this section, the term "appropriate congressional committees" means the following:

(1) The congressional intelligence committees.

(2) The Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate.

(3) The Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives.

(b) Requirement to establish

The Director of National Intelligence shall establish a Supply Chain and Counterintelligence Risk Management Task Force to standardize information sharing between the intelligence community and the acquisition community of the United States Government with respect to the supply chain and counterintelligence risks.

(c) Members

The Supply Chain and Counterintelligence Risk Management Task Force established under subsection (b) shall be composed of—

(1) a representative of the Defense Security Service of the Department of Defense;

(2) a representative of the General Services Administration;

(3) a representative of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy of the Office of Management and Budget;

(4) a representative of the Department of Homeland Security;

(5) a representative of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;

(6) the Director of the National Counterintelligence and Security Center; and

(7) any other members the Director of National Intelligence determines appropriate.

(d) Security clearances

Each member of the Supply Chain and Counterintelligence Risk Management Task Force established under subsection (b) shall have a security clearance at the top secret level and be able to access sensitive compartmented information.

(e) Annual report

The Supply Chain and Counterintelligence Risk Management Task Force established under subsection (b) shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an annual report that describes the activities of the Task Force during the previous year, including identification of the supply chain, cybersecurity, and counterintelligence risks shared with the acquisition community of the United States Government by the intelligence community.

(Pub. L. 116–92, div. E, title LXIII, §6306, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2188.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Oversight and Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Accountability of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2023.

Definitions

For definitions of "congressional intelligence committees" and "intelligence community" as used in this section, see section 5003 of div. E of Pub. L. 116–92, set out as a note under section 3003 of this title.
50 U.S.C. § 3334m (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 45: MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AUTHORITIES / Subchapter II: PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES / Section 3334m: Additional responsibilities of Director of National Intelligence for artificial intelligence policies, standards, and guidance for the intelligence community
Additional responsibilities of Director of National Intelligence for artificial intelligence policies, standards, and guidance for the intelligence community
Status: in_force

(a) Responsibilities of Director of National Intelligence

The Director of National Intelligence, in consultation with the heads of the elements of the intelligence community or the officials designated under subsection (c), shall—

(1) establish, and periodically conduct reviews of, policies, standards, and procedures relating to the acquisition, adoption, development, use, coordination, and maintenance of artificial intelligence capabilities and associated data, frameworks, computing environments, and other enablers by the intelligence community (including by incorporating and updating such policies based on emerging technology capabilities), to accelerate and increase the adoption of artificial intelligence capabilities within the intelligence community;

(2) ensure policies established or updated pursuant to paragraph (1) are consistent with—

(A) the principles outlined in the guidance of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence titled "Principles of Artificial Intelligence Ethics for the Intelligence Community and its Artificial Intelligence Ethics Framework for the Intelligence Community", or any successor guidance; and

(B) any other principles developed by the Director relating to the governance, documentation, auditability, or evaluation of artificial intelligence systems or the accurate, secure, ethical, and reliable adoption or use of artificial intelligence; and

(3) provide to the heads of the elements of the intelligence community guidance for developing the National Intelligence Program budget pertaining to such elements to facilitate the acquisition, adoption, development, use, and maintenance of element-specific artificial intelligence capabilities, and to ensure the associated data, frameworks, computing environments, and other enablers are appropriately prioritized.

(b) Policies

(1) In general

In carrying out subsection (a)(1), not later than 1 year after December 22, 2023, the Director of National Intelligence, in consultation with the heads of the elements of the intelligence community, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and such other officials as the Director of National Intelligence determines appropriate, shall establish the policies described in paragraph (2).

(2) Policies described

The policies described in this paragraph are policies for the acquisition, adoption, development, use, coordination, and maintenance of artificial intelligence capabilities that—

(A) establish a lexicon relating to the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence developed or acquired by elements of the intelligence community;

(B) establish minimum guidelines for evaluating the performance of models developed or acquired by elements of the intelligence community, such as by—

(i) specifying conditions for the continuous monitoring of artificial intelligence capabilities for performance, including the conditions for retraining or retiring models based on performance;

(ii) documenting performance objectives, including specifying how performance objectives shall be developed and contractually enforced for capabilities procured from third parties;

(iii) specifying the manner in which models should be audited, as necessary, including the types of documentation that should be provided to any auditor; and

(iv) specifying conditions under which models used by elements of the intelligence community should be subject to testing and evaluation for vulnerabilities to techniques meant to undermine the availability, integrity, or privacy of an artificial intelligence capability;

(C) establish minimum guidelines for tracking dependencies in adjacent systems, capabilities, or processes impacted by the retraining or sunsetting of any model described in subparagraph (B);

(D) establish minimum documentation requirements for capabilities procured from third parties, aligning such requirements, as necessary, with existing documentation requirements applicable to capabilities developed by elements of the intelligence community;

(E) establish minimum standards for the documentation of imputed, augmented, or synthetic data used to train any model developed, procured, or used by an element of the intelligence community; and

(F) provide guidance on the acquisition and usage of models that have previously been trained by a third party for subsequent modification and usage by such an element.

(3) Policy review and revision

The Director of National Intelligence shall annually review or revise each policy established under paragraph (1).

(c) Designated leads within each element of the intelligence community

Each head of an element of the intelligence community, in coordination with the Director of National Intelligence, shall identify a senior official within the element to serve as the designated element lead responsible for overseeing and coordinating efforts relating to artificial intelligence, including through the integration of the acquisition, technology, human capital, and financial management aspects necessary for the adoption of artificial intelligence solutions. Such designated element leads shall meet regularly to consult and coordinate with the Director of National Intelligence regarding the implementation of this section and this title.1

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. F, title LXVII, §6702, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3561; Pub. L. 118–31, div. G, title V, §7513(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1095.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in subsec. (c), means title LXVII of div. F of Pub. L. 117–263, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3560, which enacted this section and sections 3034b, 3334n, and 3334o of this title, amended sections 3024 and 3030 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 3024 and 3030 of this title. For complete classification of title LXVII to the Code, see Tables.

Amendments

2023—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–31, §7513(a)(1), substituted "subsection (c)" for "subsection (b)" in introductory provisions.

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 118–31, §7513(a)(2), (3), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

For definition of "intelligence community" as used in this section, see section 6002 of Pub. L. 117–263, set out as a note under section 3003 of this title.

For definitions of "artificial intelligence" and "emerging technology" as used in this section, see section 6701 of Pub. L. 117–263, set out as a note under section 3024 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
50 U.S.C. § 3517 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 46: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY / Section 3517: Inspector General for Agency
Inspector General for Agency
Status: in_force

(a) Purpose; establishment

In order to—

(1) create an objective and effective office, appropriately accountable to Congress, to initiate and conduct independently inspections, investigations, and audits relating to programs and operations of the Agency;

(2) provide leadership and recommend policies designed to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness in the administration of such programs and operations, and detect fraud and abuse in such programs and operations;

(3) provide a means for keeping the Director fully and currently informed about problems and deficiencies relating to the administration of such programs and operations, and the necessity for and the progress of corrective actions; and

(4) in the manner prescribed by this section, ensure that the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence and the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (hereafter in this section referred to collectively as the "intelligence committees") are kept similarly informed of significant problems and deficiencies as well as the necessity for and the progress of corrective actions,

there is hereby established in the Agency an Office of Inspector General (hereafter in this section referred to as the "Office").

(b) Appointment; supervision; removal

(1) There shall be at the head of the Office an Inspector General who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. This appointment shall be made without regard to political affiliation and shall be on the basis of integrity and demonstrated ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or investigation. Such appointment shall also be made on the basis of compliance with the security standards of the Agency and prior experience in the field of foreign intelligence.

(2) The Inspector General shall report directly to and be under the general supervision of the Director.

(3) The Director may prohibit the Inspector General from initiating, carrying out, or completing any audit, inspection, or investigation, or from issuing any subpoena, after the Inspector General has decided to initiate, carry out, or complete such audit, inspection, or investigation or to issue such subpoena, if the Director determines that such prohibition is necessary to protect vital national security interests of the United States.

(4) If the Director exercises any power under paragraph (3), he shall submit an appropriately classified statement of the reasons for the exercise of such power within seven days to the intelligence committees. The Director shall advise the Inspector General at the time such report is submitted, and, to the extent consistent with the protection of intelligence sources and methods, provide the Inspector General with a copy of any such report. In such cases, the Inspector General may submit such comments to the intelligence committees that he considers appropriate.

(5) In accordance with section 535 of title 28, the Inspector General shall report to the Attorney General any information, allegation, or complaint received by the Inspector General relating to violations of Federal criminal law that involve a program or operation of the Agency, consistent with such guidelines as may be issued by the Attorney General pursuant to subsection (b)(2) of such section. A copy of all such reports shall be furnished to the Director.

(6)(A) The Inspector General may be removed from office only by the President. The President shall communicate in writing to the intelligence committees the substantive rationale, including detailed and case-specific reasons, for any such removal not later than 30 days prior to the effective date of such removal. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prohibit a personnel action otherwise authorized by law, other than transfer or removal.

(B) If there is an open or completed inquiry into the Inspector General that relates to the removal or transfer of the Inspector General under subparagraph (A), the written communication required under that subparagraph shall—

(i) identify each entity that is conducting, or that conducted, the inquiry; and

(ii) in the case of a completed inquiry, contain the findings made during the inquiry.

(7)(A) Subject to the other provisions of this paragraph, only the President may place the Inspector General on nonduty status.

(B) If the President places the Inspector General on nonduty status, the President shall communicate in writing the substantive rationale, including detailed and case-specific reasons, for the change in status to the congressional intelligence committees not later than 15 days before the date on which the change in status takes effect, except that the President may submit that communication not later than the date on which the change in status takes effect if—

(i) the President has made a determination that the continued presence of the Inspector General in the workplace poses a threat described in any of clauses (i) through (iv) of section 6329b(b)(2)(A) of title 5; and

(ii) in the communication, the President includes a report on the determination described in clause (i), which shall include—

(I) a specification of which clause of section 6329b(b)(2)(A) of title 5 the President has determined applies under clause (i);

(II) the substantive rationale, including detailed and case-specific reasons, for the determination made under clause (i);

(III) an identification of each entity that is conducting, or that conducted, any inquiry upon which the determination under clause (i) was made; and

(IV) in the case of an inquiry described in subclause (III) that is completed, the findings made during that inquiry.

(C) The President may not place the Inspector General on non-duty 1 status during the 30-day period preceding the date on which the Inspector General is removed or transferred under paragraph (6)(A) unless the President—

(i) has made a determination that the continued presence of the Inspector General in the workplace poses a threat described in any of clauses (i) through (iv) of section 6329b(b)(2)(A) of title 5; and

(ii) not later than the date on which the change in status takes effect, submits to the congressional intelligence committees a written communication that contains the information required under subparagraph (B), including the report required under clause (ii) of that subparagraph.

(8)(A) In this subsection, the term "first assistant to the position of Inspector General" has the meaning given in section 3 of the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).2

(B) If the Inspector General dies, resigns, or is otherwise unable to perform the functions and duties of the position—

(i) section 3345(a) of title 5 shall not apply;

(ii) subject to subparagraph (D), the first assistant to the position of Inspector General shall perform the functions and duties of the Inspector General temporarily in an acting capacity subject to the time limitations of section 3346 of title 5; and

(iii) notwithstanding clause (ii), and subject to subparagraphs (D) and (E), the President (and only the President) may direct an officer or employee of any Office of an Inspector General to perform the functions and duties of the Inspector General temporarily in an acting capacity subject to the time limitations of section 3346 of title 5, only if—

(I) during the 365-day period preceding the date of death, resignation, or beginning of inability to serve of the Inspector General, the officer or employee served in a position in an Office of an Inspector General for not less than 90 days, except that—

(aa) the requirement under this subclause shall not apply if the officer is an Inspector General; and

(bb) for the purposes of this clause, performing the functions and duties of an Inspector General temporarily in an acting capacity does not qualify as service in a position in an Office of an Inspector General;

(II) the rate of pay for the position of the officer or employee described in subclause (I) is equal to or greater than the minimum rate of pay payable for a position at GS–15 of the General Schedule;

(III) the officer or employee has demonstrated ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or investigations; and

(IV) not later than 30 days before the date on which the direction takes effect, the President communicates in writing to the congressional intelligence committees the substantive rationale, including the detailed and case-specific reasons, for such direction, including the reason for the direction that someone other than the individual who is performing the functions and duties of the Inspector General temporarily in an acting capacity (as of the date on which the President issues that direction) perform those functions and duties temporarily in an acting capacity.

(C) Notwithstanding section 3345(a) of title 5 and clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (B), and subject to subparagraph (D), during any period in which the Inspector General is on nonduty status—

(i) the first assistant to the position of Inspector General shall perform the functions and duties of the position temporarily in an acting capacity subject to the time limitations of section 3346 of title 5; and

(ii) if the first assistant described in clause (i) dies, resigns, or becomes otherwise unable to perform those functions and duties, the President (and only the President) may direct an officer or employee in the Office of Inspector General to perform those functions and duties temporarily in an acting capacity, subject to the time limitations of section 3346 of title 5, if—

(I) that direction satisfies the requirements under subclauses (II), (III), and (IV) of subparagraph (B)(iii); and

(II) that officer or employee served in a position in that Office of Inspector General for not fewer than 90 of the 365 days preceding the date on which the President makes that direction.

(D) An individual may perform the functions and duties of the Inspector General temporarily and in an acting capacity under clause (ii) or (iii) of subparagraph (B), or under subparagraph (C), with respect to only 1 Inspector General position at any given time.

(E) If the President makes a direction under subparagraph (B)(iii), during the 30-day period preceding the date on which the direction of the President takes effect, the functions and duties of the position of the Inspector General shall be performed by—

(i) the first assistant to the position of Inspector General; or

(ii) the individual performing those functions and duties temporarily in an acting capacity, as of the date on which the President issues that direction, if that individual is an individual other than the first assistant to the position of Inspector General.

(c) Duties and responsibilities

It shall be the duty and responsibility of the Inspector General appointed under this section—

(1) to provide policy direction for, and to plan, conduct, supervise, and coordinate independently, the inspections, investigations, and audits relating to the programs and operations of the Agency to ensure they are conducted efficiently and in accordance with applicable law and regulations;

(2) to keep the Director fully and currently informed concerning violations of law and regulations, fraud and other serious problems, abuses and deficiencies that may occur in such programs and operations, and to report the progress made in implementing corrective action;

(3) to take due regard for the protection of intelligence sources and methods in the preparation of all reports issued by the Office, and, to the extent consistent with the purpose and objective of such reports, take such measures as may be appropriate to minimize the disclosure of intelligence sources and methods described in such reports; and

(4) in the execution of his responsibilities, to comply with generally accepted government auditing standards.

(d) Semiannual reports; immediate reports of serious or flagrant problems; reports of functional problems; reports to Congress on urgent concerns

(1) The Inspector General shall, not later than October 31 and April 30 of each year, prepare and submit to the Director a classified semiannual report summarizing the activities of the Office during the immediately preceding six-month periods ending September 30 and March 31, respectively. Not later than 30 days after the date of the receipt of such reports, the Director shall transmit such reports to the intelligence committees with any comments he may deem appropriate. Such reports shall, at a minimum, include a list of the title or subject of each inspection, investigation, review, or audit conducted during the reporting period and—

(A) a description of significant problems, abuses, and deficiencies relating to the administration of programs and operations of the Agency identified by the Office during the reporting period;

(B) a description of the recommendations for corrective action made by the Office during the reporting period with respect to significant problems, abuses, or deficiencies identified in subparagraph (A);

(C) a statement of whether corrective action has been completed on each significant recommendation described in previous semiannual reports, and, in a case where corrective action has been completed, a description of such corrective action;

(D) a certification that the Inspector General has had full and direct access to all information relevant to the performance of his functions;

(E) a description of the exercise of the subpoena authority under subsection (e)(5) by the Inspector General during the reporting period; and

(F) such recommendations as the Inspector General may wish to make concerning legislation to promote economy and efficiency in the administration of programs and operations undertaken by the Agency, and to detect and eliminate fraud and abuse in such programs and operations.

(2) The Inspector General shall report immediately to the Director whenever he becomes aware of particularly serious or flagrant problems, abuses, or deficiencies relating to the administration of programs or operations. The Director shall transmit such report to the intelligence committees within seven calendar days, together with any comments he considers appropriate.

(3) In the event that—

(A) the Inspector General is unable to resolve any differences with the Director affecting the execution of the Inspector General's duties or responsibilities;

(B) an investigation, inspection, or audit carried out by the Inspector General should focus on any current or former Agency official who—

(i) holds or held a position in the Agency that is subject to appointment by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, including such a position held on an acting basis; or

(ii) holds or held the position in the Agency, including such a position held on an acting basis, of—

(I) Deputy Director;

(II) Associate Deputy Director;

(III) Director of the National Clandestine Service;

(IV) Director of Intelligence;

(V) Director of Support; or

(VI) Director of Science and Technology.

(C) a matter requires a report by the Inspector General to the Department of Justice on possible criminal conduct by a current or former Agency official described or referred to in subparagraph (B);

(D) the Inspector General receives notice from the Department of Justice declining or approving prosecution of possible criminal conduct of any of the officials described in subparagraph (B); or

(E) the Inspector General, after exhausting all possible alternatives, is unable to obtain significant documentary information in the course of an investigation, inspection, or audit,

the Inspector General shall immediately notify and submit a report on such matter to the intelligence committees.

(4) Pursuant to Title V of the National Security Act of 1947 [50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.], the Director shall submit to the intelligence committees any report or findings and recommendations of an inspection, investigation, or audit conducted by the office which has been requested by the Chairman or Ranking Minority Member of either committee.

(5)(A)(i) An employee of the Agency, or of a contractor to the Agency, who intends to report to Congress a complaint or information with respect to an urgent concern may report such complaint or information in writing to the Inspector General.

(ii) The Inspector General shall—

(I) provide reasonable support necessary to ensure that an employee can report a complaint or information under this subparagraph in writing; and

(II) if such submission is not feasible, create a written record of the employee's verbal complaint or information and treat such written record as a written submission.

(B)(i) In accordance with clause (ii), the Inspector General shall determine whether a complaint or information reported under subparagraph (A) appears credible. Upon making such a determination, the Inspector General shall transmit to the Director a notice of that determination, together with the complaint or information.

(ii) The Inspector General shall make the determination under clause (i) with respect to a complaint or information under subparagraph (A) by not later than the end of the 14-calendar-day period beginning on the date on which the employee who reported the complaint or information confirms to the Inspector General the intent of the employee to report to Congress that complaint or information.

(iii) If the Director determines that a complaint or information transmitted under subparagraph (A) would create a conflict of interest for the Director, the Director shall return the complaint or information to the Inspector General with that determination and the Inspector General shall make the transmission to the Director of National Intelligence. In such a case, the requirements of this subsection for the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency apply to the Director of National Intelligence.

(C) Upon receipt of a transmittal from the Inspector General under subparagraph (B), the Director shall, within 7 calendar days of such receipt, forward such transmittal to the intelligence committees, together with any comments the Director considers appropriate.

(D)(i) If the Inspector General does not find credible under subparagraph (B) a complaint or information submitted under subparagraph (A), or does not transmit the complaint or information to the Director in accurate form under subparagraph (B), the employee (subject to clause (ii)) may submit the complaint or information to Congress by contacting either or both of the intelligence committees directly.

(ii) The employee may contact the intelligence committees directly as described in clause (i) only if the employee—

(I) before making such a contact, furnishes to the Director, through the Inspector General, a statement of the employee's complaint or information and notice of the employee's intent to contact the intelligence committees directly; and

(II) obtains and follows from the Director, through the Inspector General, direction on how to contact the intelligence committees in accordance with appropriate security practices.

(iii) A member or employee of one of the intelligence committees who receives a complaint or information under clause (i) does so in that member or employee's official capacity as a member or employee of that committee.

(E) The Inspector General shall notify an employee who reports a complaint or information to the Inspector General under this paragraph of each action taken under this paragraph with respect to the complaint or information. Such notice shall be provided not later than 3 days after any such action is taken.

(F) An action taken by the Director or the Inspector General under this paragraph shall not be subject to judicial review.

(G)(i) In this paragraph:

(I) The term "urgent concern" means any of the following:

(aa) A serious or flagrant problem, abuse, violation of law or Executive order, or deficiency relating to the funding, administration, or operations of an intelligence activity of the Federal Government that is—

(AA) a matter of national security; and

(BB) not a difference of opinion concerning public policy matters.

(bb) A false statement to Congress, or a willful withholding from Congress, on an issue of material fact relating to the funding, administration, or operation of an intelligence activity.

(cc) An action, including a personnel action described in section 2302(a)(2)(A) of title 5, constituting reprisal or threat of reprisal prohibited under subsection (e)(3)(B) in response to an employee's reporting an urgent concern in accordance with this paragraph.

(II) The term "intelligence committees" means the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.

(III) The term "employee" includes a former employee or former contractor, if the complaint or information reported under subparagraph (A) arises from or relates to the period during which the former employee or former contractor was an employee or contractor, as the case may be.

(ii) Within the executive branch, the Inspector General shall have sole authority to determine whether any complaint or information reported to the Inspector General is a matter of urgent concern under this paragraph.

(H) An individual who has submitted a complaint or information to the Inspector General under this section may notify any member of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives or the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate, or a staff member of either such Committee, of the fact that such individual has made a submission to the Inspector General, and of the date on which such submission was made.

(e) Authorities of Inspector General

(1) The Inspector General shall have direct and prompt access to the Director when necessary for any purpose pertaining to the performance of his duties.

(2) The Inspector General shall have access to any employee or any employee of a contractor of the Agency whose testimony is needed for the performance of his duties. In addition, he shall have direct access to all records, reports, audits, reviews, documents, papers, recommendations, or other material which relate to the programs and operations with respect to which the Inspector General has responsibilities under this section. Failure on the part of any employee or contractor to cooperate with the Inspector General shall be grounds for appropriate administrative actions by the Director, to include loss of employment or the termination of an existing contractual relationship.

(3)(A) The Inspector General is authorized to receive and investigate complaints or information from any person concerning the existence of an activity constituting a violation of laws, rules, or regulations, or mismanagement, gross waste of funds, abuse of authority, or a substantial and specific danger to the public health and safety. Once such complaint or information has been received from an employee of the Agency—

(i) the Inspector General shall not disclose the identity of the employee without the consent of the employee, unless the Inspector General determines that such disclosure is unavoidable during the course of the investigation or the disclosure is made to an official of the Department of Justice responsible for determining whether a prosecution should be undertaken; and

(ii) no action constituting a reprisal, or threat of reprisal, for making such complaint or providing such information may be taken by any employee of the Agency in a position to take such actions, unless the complaint was made or the information was disclosed with the knowledge that it was false or with willful disregard for its truth or falsity.

(B)(i) An individual may disclose classified information to the Inspector General in accordance with the applicable security standards and procedures established under section 3024 or 3162a of this title, chapter 12 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2161 et seq.), Executive Order 13526 (50 U.S.C. 3161 note; relating to Classified National Security Information), or any applicable provision of law.

(ii) A disclosure under clause (i) of classified information made by an individual without appropriate clearance or authority to access such classified information at the time of the disclosure, but that is otherwise made in accordance with applicable security standards and procedures, shall be treated as an authorized disclosure that does not violate a covered provision.

(iii) Nothing in clause (ii) may be construed to limit or modify the obligation of an individual to appropriately store, handle, or disseminate classified information in accordance with applicable security guidance and procedures, including with respect to the removal or retention of classified information.

(iv) In this subparagraph, the term "covered provision" means—

(I) any otherwise applicable nondisclosure agreement;

(II) any otherwise applicable regulation or order issued under the authority of chapter 18 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2271 et seq.) or Executive Order 13526;

(III) section 798 of title 18; or

(IV) any other provision of law with respect to the unauthorized disclosure of national security information.

(4) The Inspector General shall have authority to administer to or take from any person an oath, affirmation, or affidavit, whenever necessary in the performance of his duties, which oath, affirmation, or affidavit when administered or taken by or before an employee of the Office designated by the Inspector General shall have the same force and effect as if administered or taken by or before an officer having a seal.

(5)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Inspector General is authorized to require by subpoena the production of all information, documents, reports, answers, records, accounts, papers, and other data in any medium (including electronically stored information or any tangible thing) and documentary evidence necessary in the performance of the duties and responsibilities of the Inspector General.

(B) In the case of Government agencies, the Inspector General shall obtain information, documents, reports, answers, records, accounts, papers, and other data and evidence for the purpose specified in subparagraph (A) using procedures other than by subpoenas.

(C) The Inspector General may not issue a subpoena for or on behalf of any other element or component of the Agency.

(D) In the case of contumacy or refusal to obey a subpoena issued under this paragraph, the subpoena shall be enforceable by order of any appropriate district court of the United States.

(6) The Inspector General shall be provided with appropriate and adequate office space at central and field office locations, together with such equipment, office supplies, maintenance services, and communications facilities and services as may be necessary for the operation of such offices.

(7)(A) Subject to applicable law and the policies of the Director, the Inspector General shall select, appoint and employ such officers and employees as may be necessary to carry out his functions. In making such selections, the Inspector General shall ensure that such officers and employees have the requisite training and experience to enable him to carry out his duties effectively. In this regard, the Inspector General shall create within his organization a career cadre of sufficient size to provide appropriate continuity and objectivity needed for the effective performance of his duties.

(B) Consistent with budgetary and personnel resources allocated by the Director, the Inspector General has final approval of—

(i) the selection of internal and external candidates for employment with the Office of Inspector General; and

(ii) all other personnel decisions concerning personnel permanently assigned to the Office of Inspector General, including selection and appointment to the Senior Intelligence Service, but excluding all security-based determinations that are not within the authority of a head of other Central Intelligence Agency offices.

(C)(i) The Inspector General may designate an officer or employee appointed in accordance with subparagraph (A) as a law enforcement officer solely for purposes of subchapter III of chapter 83 or chapter 84 of title 5 if such officer or employee is appointed to a position with responsibility for investigating suspected offenses against the criminal laws of the United States.

(ii) In carrying out clause (i), the Inspector General shall ensure that any authority under such clause is exercised in a manner consistent with section 3307 of title 5 as it relates to law enforcement officers.

(iii) For purposes of applying sections 3307(d), 8335(b), and 8425(b) of title 5, the Inspector General may exercise the functions, powers, and duties of an agency head or appointing authority with respect to the Office.

(8)(A) The Inspector General shall—

(i) appoint a Counsel to the Inspector General who shall report to the Inspector General; or

(ii) obtain the services of a counsel appointed by and directly reporting to another Inspector General or the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency on a reimbursable basis.

(B) The counsel appointed or obtained under subparagraph (A) shall perform such functions as the Inspector General may prescribe.

(9)(A) The Inspector General may request such information or assistance as may be necessary for carrying out the duties and responsibilities of the Inspector General provided by this section from any Federal, State, or local governmental agency or unit thereof.

(B) Upon request of the Inspector General for information or assistance from a department or agency of the Federal Government, the head of the department or agency involved, insofar as practicable and not in contravention of any existing statutory restriction or regulation of such department or agency, shall furnish to the Inspector General, or to an authorized designee, such information or assistance.

(C) Nothing in this paragraph may be construed to provide any new authority to the Central Intelligence Agency to conduct intelligence activity in the United States.

(D) In this paragraph, the term "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any territory or possession of the United States.

(f) Separate budget account

(1) Beginning with fiscal year 1991, and in accordance with procedures to be issued by the Director of National Intelligence in consultation with the intelligence committees, the Director of National Intelligence shall include in the National Intelligence Program budget a separate account for the Office of Inspector General established pursuant to this section.

(2) For each fiscal year, the Inspector General shall transmit a budget estimate and request through the Director to the Director of National Intelligence that specifies for such fiscal year—

(A) the aggregate amount requested for the operations of the Inspector General;

(B) the amount requested for all training requirements of the Inspector General, including a certification from the Inspector General that the amount requested is sufficient to fund all training requirements for the Office; and

(C) the amount requested to support the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, including a justification for such amount.

(3) In transmitting a proposed budget to the President for a fiscal year, the Director of National Intelligence shall include for such fiscal year—

(A) the aggregate amount requested for the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency;

(B) the amount requested for Inspector General training;

(C) the amount requested to support the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency; and

(D) the comments of the Inspector General, if any, with respect to such proposed budget.

(4) The Director of National Intelligence shall submit to the Committee on Appropriations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives for each fiscal year—

(A) a separate statement of the budget estimate transmitted pursuant to paragraph (2);

(B) the amount requested by the Director of National Intelligence for the Inspector General pursuant to paragraph (3)(A);

(C) the amount requested by the Director of National Intelligence for training of personnel of the Office of the Inspector General pursuant to paragraph (3)(B);

(D) the amount requested by the Director of National Intelligence for support for the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency pursuant to paragraph (3)(C); and

(E) the comments of the Inspector General under paragraph (3)(D), if any, on the amounts requested pursuant to paragraph (3), including whether such amounts would substantially inhibit the Inspector General from performing the duties of the Office.

(g) Transfer

There shall be transferred to the Office the office of the Agency referred to as the "Office of Inspector General." The personnel, assets, liabilities, contracts, property, records, and unexpended balances of appropriations, authorizations, allocations, and other funds employed, held, used, arising from, or available to such "Office of Inspector General" are hereby transferred to the Office established pursuant to this section.

(h) Information on website

(1) The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency shall establish and maintain on the homepage of the Agency's publicly accessible website information relating to the Office of the Inspector General including methods to contact the Inspector General.

(2) The information referred to in paragraph (1) shall be obvious and facilitate accessibility to the information related to the Office of the Inspector General.

(June 20, 1949, ch. 227, §17, as added Pub. L. 100–453, title V, §504, Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1910; amended Pub. L. 101–193, title VIII, §801, Nov. 30, 1989, 103 Stat. 1711; Pub. L. 102–496, title VI, §601, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3187; Pub. L. 103–359, title IV, §402, Oct. 14, 1994, 108 Stat. 3427; Pub. L. 104–93, title IV, §403, Jan. 6, 1996, 109 Stat. 969; Pub. L. 105–107, title IV, §402, Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2257; Pub. L. 105–272, title VII, §702(a), Oct. 20, 1998, 112 Stat. 2414; Pub. L. 106–567, title IV, §§402, 403, Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 2847, 2848; Pub. L. 107–108, title III, §309(a), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1399; Pub. L. 107–306, title VIII, §811(b)(2), Nov. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 2422; Pub. L. 108–458, title I, §§1071(b)(1)(B), (2)(C), 1074(b)(2), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3690, 3694; Pub. L. 111–259, title IV, §§425(a)–(f)(1), 426, title VIII, §802(2), Oct. 7, 2010, 124 Stat. 2728–2730, 2746; Pub. L. 112–87, title IV, §413, Jan. 3, 2012, 125 Stat. 1891; Pub. L. 112–277, title III, §309(b)(1), Jan. 14, 2013, 126 Stat. 2474; Pub. L. 113–126, title VI, §603(b), July 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 1420; Pub. L. 114–113, div. M, title IV, §411, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2922; Pub. L. 115–31, div. N, title IV, §412(a), May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 821; Pub. L. 117–103, div. X, title V, §502(c), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 986; Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LII, §§5202(a)(4), 5203(c), div. F, title LXVI, §6609(c), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3226, 3231, 3560; Pub. L. 118–31, div. G, title IX, §7901(g)(4), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1107; Pub. L. 118–159, div. F, title LXVII, §§6701(b), 6702(b), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2512, 2514.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 3 of the Inspector General Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (b)(8)(A), is section 3 of Pub. L. 95–452, which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 403 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286, §§3(b), 7, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4208, 4361. For definition of "first assistant to the position of Inspector General", see Amendments Not Shown in Text note set out under section 403 of Title 5.

The National Security Act of 1947, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, 61 Stat. 495. Title V of the Act is classified generally to subchapter III (§3091 et seq.) of chapter 44 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(B)(i), (iv)(II), is act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, as added by act Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, §1, 68 Stat. 919. Chapters 12 and 18 of the Act are classified generally to subchapters XI (§2161 et seq.) and XVII (§2271 et seq.), respectively, of division A of chapter 23 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2011 of Title 42 and Tables.

Executive Order 13526, referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(B)(i), (iv)(II), is Ex. Ord. No. 13526, Dec. 29, 2009, 75 F.R. 707, 1013, which is set out as a note under section 3161 of this title.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 403q of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (d)(5)(A). Pub. L. 118–159, §6701(b)(1), designated existing provisions as cl. (i), inserted "in writing" before "to the Inspector General", and added cl. (ii).

Subsec. (d)(5)(B). Pub. L. 118–159, §6701(b)(2), added cls. (i) and (ii), redesignated former cl. (ii) as (iii), substituted "subparagraph (A)" for "paragraph (1)" in cl. (iii), and struck out former cl. (i) which read as follows: "Not later than the end of the 14-calendar day period beginning on the date of receipt from an employee of a complaint or information under subparagraph (A), the Inspector General shall determine whether the complaint or information appears credible. Upon making such a determination, the Inspector General shall transmit to the Director notice of that determination, together with the complaint or information."

Subsec. (d)(5)(G)(i)(III). Pub. L. 118–159, §6701(b)(3), added subcl. (III).

Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 118–159, §6702(b), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), redesignated former subpars. (A) and (B) as cls. (i) and (ii), respectively, of subpar. (A), and added subpar. (B).

2023—Subsec. (d)(5)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 118–31, §7901(g)(4)(A), inserted period at end.

Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 118–31, §7901(g)(4)(B), substituted "which oath, affirmation, or affidavit" for "which oath affirmation, or affidavit".

2022—Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 117–263, §5202(a)(4)(A), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted "substantive rationale, including detailed and case-specific reasons," for "reasons", and added subpar. (B).

Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 117–263, §5202(a)(4)(B), added par. (7).

Subsec. (b)(8). Pub. L. 117–263, §5203(c), added par. (8).

Subsec. (d)(5)(G). Pub. L. 117–103 inserted cl. (i) designation before "In this" in introductory provisions, redesignated former cls. (i) and (ii) as subcls. (I) and (II), respectively, of cl. (i) and former subcls. (I) to (III) as items (aa) to (cc), respectively, of subcl. (I), and added cl. (ii).

Subsec. (d)(5)(G)(i)(I)(aa). Pub. L. 117–263, §6609(c), substituted "of the Federal Government that is—" and subitems (AA) and (BB) for "involving classified information, but does not include differences of opinions concerning public policy matters."

2017—Subsec. (e)(7)(C). Pub. L. 115–31 added subpar. (C).

2015—Subsec. (e)(7). Pub. L. 114–113, §411(b), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).

Subsec. (e)(9). Pub. L. 114–113, §411(a), amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) related to authority of Inspector General to request from any Government agency information or assistance necessary for carrying out his duties and responsibilities.

2014—Subsec. (d)(5)(B). Pub. L. 113–126, §603(b)(1), designated existing provisions as cl. (i) and added cl. (ii).

Subsec. (d)(5)(H). Pub. L. 113–126, §603(b)(2), added subpar. (H).

2013—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 112–277, in introductory provisions, substituted "October 31 and April 30" for "January 31 and July 31", "September 30 and March 31," for "December 31 (of the preceding year) and June 30,", and "Not later than 30 days after the date of the receipt of such reports," for "Not later than the dates each year provided for the transmittal of such reports in section 507 of the National Security Act of 1947,".

2012—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 112–87 added subsec. (h).

2010—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(a), substituted "This appointment shall be made without regard to political affiliation and shall be on the basis of integrity and demonstrated ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or investigation. Such appointment shall also be made on the basis of compliance with the security standards of the Agency and prior experience in the field of foreign intelligence." for "This appointment shall be made without regard to political affiliation and shall be solely on the basis of integrity, compliance with the security standards of the Agency, and prior experience in the field of foreign intelligence. Such appointment shall also be made on the basis of demonstrated ability in accounting, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or auditing."

Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(b), struck out "immediately" after "President shall" and substituted "not later than 30 days prior to the effective date of such removal. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prohibit a personnel action otherwise authorized by law, other than transfer or removal." for period at end.

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(c), inserted "review," after "investigation," in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (d)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 111–259, §802(2)(A), substituted "advice" for "advise".

Subsec. (d)(3)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 111–259, §802(2)(B), amended cl. (ii) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (ii) read as follows: "holds or held the position in the Agency, including such a position held on an acting basis, of—

"(I) Executive Director;

"(II) Deputy Director for Operations;

"(III) Deputy Director for Intelligence;

"(IV) Deputy Director for Administration; or

"(V) Deputy Director for Science and Technology;".

Subsec. (e)(3)(B). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(d), inserted "or providing such information" after "making such complaint".

Subsec. (e)(5)(A). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(e), inserted "in any medium (including electronically stored information or any tangible thing)" after "other data".

Subsec. (e)(8). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(f)(1)(C), added par. (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (9).

Subsec. (e)(9). Pub. L. 111–259, §425(f)(1)(A), (B), redesignated par. (8) as (9), substituted "The" for "Subject to the concurrence of the Director, the" and inserted at end "Consistent with budgetary and personnel resources allocated by the Director, the Inspector General has final approval of—

"(A) the selection of internal and external candidates for employment with the Office of Inspector General; and

"(B) all other personnel decisions concerning personnel permanently assigned to the Office of Inspector General, including selection and appointment to the Senior Intelligence Service, but excluding all security-based determinations that are not within the authority of a head of other Central Intelligence Agency offices."

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 111–259, §426, designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added pars. (2) to (4).

2004—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 108–458, §1071(b)(2)(C), struck out "of Central Intelligence" after "to the Director" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 108–458, §§1071(b)(1)(B), 1074(b)(2), substituted "Director of National Intelligence" for "Director of Central Intelligence" in two places and "National Intelligence Program" for "National Foreign Intelligence Program".

2002—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 107–306 substituted "Not later than the dates each year provided for the transmittal of such reports in section 507 of the National Security Act of 1947," for "Within thirty days of receipt of such reports," in introductory provisions.

2001—Subsec. (d)(5)(B). Pub. L. 107–108, §309(a)(1), substituted "Upon making such a determination, the Inspector General shall transmit to the Director notice of that determination, together with the complaint or information." for "If the Inspector General determines that the complaint or information appears credible, the Inspector General shall, before the end of such period, transmit the complaint or information to the Director."

Subsec. (d)(5)(D)(i). Pub. L. 107–108, §309(a)(2), substituted "does not find credible under subparagraph (B) a complaint or information submitted under subparagraph (A), or does not transmit the complaint or information to the Director in accurate form under subparagraph (B)," for "does not transmit, or does not transmit in an accurate form, the complaint or information described in subparagraph (B),".

2000—Subsec. (d)(1)(E). Pub. L. 106–567, §402(a)(1), added subpar. (E) and struck out former subpar. (E) which read as follows: "a description of all cases occurring during the reporting period where the Inspector General could not obtain documentary evidence relevant to any inspection, audit, or investigation due to his lack of authority to subpoena such information; and".

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 106–567, §403, added subpars. (B) to (E) and concluding provisions and struck out former subpars. (B) and (C) which read as follows:

"(B) an investigation, inspection, or audit carried out by the Inspector General should focus upon the Director or Acting Director; or

"(C) the Inspector General, after exhausting all possible alternatives, is unable to obtain significant documentary information in the course of an investigation, inspection, or audit, the Inspector General shall immediately report such matter to the intelligence committees."

Subsec. (e)(5)(E). Pub. L. 106–567, §402(a)(2), struck out subpar. (E) which read as follows: "Not later than January 31 and July 31 of each year, the Inspector General shall submit to the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives a report of the Inspector General's exercise of authority under this paragraph during the preceding six months."

Subsec. (e)(8). Pub. L. 106–567, §402(b), substituted "Government" for "Federal" wherever appearing.

1998—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–272 inserted "; reports to Congress on urgent concerns" after "functional problems" in heading and added par. (5).

1997—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 105–107, §402(b), inserted ", or from issuing any subpoena, after the Inspector General has decided to initiate, carry out, or complete such audit, inspection, or investigation or to issue such subpoena," after "or investigation".

Subsec. (e)(5) to (8). Pub. L. 105–107, §402(a), added par. (5) and redesignated former pars. (5) to (7) as (6) to (8), respectively.

1996—Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 104–93, §403(a), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "In accordance with section 535 of title 28, the Director shall report to the Attorney General any information, allegation, or complaint received from the Inspector General, relating to violations of Federal criminal law involving any officer or employee of the Agency, consistent with such guidelines as may be issued by the Attorney General pursuant to subsection (b)(2) of such section. A copy of all such reports shall be furnished to the Inspector General."

Subsec. (e)(3)(A). Pub. L. 104–93, §403(b), inserted "or the disclosure is made to an official of the Department of Justice responsible for determining whether a prosecution should be undertaken" after "investigation".

1994—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–359, §402(1), substituted "analysis, public administration, or auditing" for "analysis, or public administration".

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 103–359, §402(2), substituted "to plan, conduct" for "to conduct".

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 103–359, §402(3), in introductory provisions, substituted "January 31 and July 31" for "June 30 and December 31" and "periods ending December 31 (of the preceding year) and June 30, respectively" for "period" and inserted "of receipt of such reports" after "thirty days".

Subsec. (d)(3)(C). Pub. L. 103–359, §402(4), substituted "investigation, inspection, or audit," for "investigation,".

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 103–359, §402(5), inserted "or findings and recommendations" after "report".

Subsec. (e)(6). Pub. L. 103–359, §402(6), substituted "the Inspector General shall" for "it is the sense of Congress that the Inspector General should".

1992—Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 102–496, in introductory provisions, substituted "any person" for "an employee of the Agency" and inserted "from an employee of the Agency" after "received".

1989—Pub. L. 101–193 amended section generally, substituting subsecs. (a) to (g) relating to establishment of the Office of Inspector General and appointment, duties, and authority of Inspector General for introductory par. and subsecs. (a) to (e) relating to various reports to be filed with the intelligence committees by Director of Central Intelligence concerning selection and activities of Inspector General.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2022 Amendment

Amendment by section 5203(c) of Pub. L. 117–263 effective Dec. 23, 2022, except that such amendment to take effect 30 days after Dec. 23, 2022, with respect to an individual performing the functions and duties of an Inspector General temporarily in an acting capacity, see section 5203(e) of Pub. L. 117–263, set out as a note under section 403 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

For Determination by President that amendment by Pub. L. 108–458 take effect on Apr. 21, 2005, see Memorandum of President of the United States, Apr. 21, 2005, 70 F.R. 23925, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–458 effective not later than six months after Dec. 17, 2004, except as otherwise expressly provided, see section 1097(a) of Pub. L. 108–458, set out in an Effective Date of 2004 Amendment; Transition Provisions note under section 3001 of this title.

Construction of 2017 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–31, div. N, title IV, §412(b), May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 821, provided that: "Subparagraph (C) of section 17(e)(7) of the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949 (50 U.S.C. 3517(e)(7)), as added by subsection (a), may not be construed to confer on the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency, or any other officer or employee of the Agency, any police or law enforcement or internal security functions or authorities."

Construction of 2010 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–259, title IV, §425(f)(2), Oct. 7, 2010, 124 Stat. 2729, provided that: "Nothing in the amendment made by paragraph (1)(C) [amending this section] shall be construed to alter the duties and responsibilities of the General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency."

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions of law requiring submittal to Congress of any annual, semiannual, or other regular periodic report listed in House Document No. 103–7 (in which the 4th item on page 156, relating to the transmittal of semiannual reports to the intelligence committees, identifies a reporting provision which, as subsequently amended, is contained in subsec. (d)(1) of this section), see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

1 So in original. Probably should be "nonduty".

2 See References in Text note below.
50 U.S.C. § 1843 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 36: FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE / Subchapter III: PEN REGISTERS AND TRAP AND TRACE DEVICES FOR FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE PURPOSES / Section 1843: Authorization during emergencies
Authorization during emergencies
Status: in_force

(a) Requirements for authorization

Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, when the Attorney General makes a determination described in subsection (b), the Attorney General may authorize the installation and use of a pen register or trap and trace device on an emergency basis to gather foreign intelligence information not concerning a United States person or information to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution if—

(1) a judge referred to in section 1842(b) of this title is informed by the Attorney General or his designee at the time of such authorization that the decision has been made to install and use the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, on an emergency basis; and

(2) an application in accordance with section 1842 of this title is made to such judge as soon as practicable, but not more than 7 days, after the Attorney General authorizes the installation and use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, under this section.

(b) Determination of emergency and factual basis

A determination under this subsection is a reasonable determination by the Attorney General that—

(1) an emergency requires the installation and use of a pen register or trap and trace device to obtain foreign intelligence information not concerning a United States person or information to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution before an order authorizing the installation and use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, can with due diligence be obtained under section 1842 of this title; and

(2) the factual basis for issuance of an order under such section 1842 of this title to approve the installation and use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, exists.

(c) Effect of absence of order

(1) In the absence of an order applied for under subsection (a)(2) approving the installation and use of a pen register or trap and trace device authorized under this section, the installation and use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, shall terminate at the earlier of—

(A) when the information sought is obtained;

(B) when the application for the order is denied under section 1842 of this title; or

(C) 7 days after the time of the authorization by the Attorney General.

(2) In the event that an application for an order applied for under subsection (a)(2) is denied, or in any other case where the installation and use of a pen register or trap and trace device under this section is terminated and no order under section 1842 of this title is issued approving the installation and use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, no information obtained or evidence derived from the use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, shall be received in evidence or otherwise disclosed in any trial, hearing, or other proceeding in or before any court, grand jury, department, office, agency, regulatory body, legislative committee, or other authority of the United States, a State, or political subdivision thereof, and no information concerning any United States person acquired from the use of the pen register or trap and trace device, as the case may be, shall subsequently be used or disclosed in any other manner by Federal officers or employees without the consent of such person, except with the approval of the Attorney General if the information indicates a threat of death or serious bodily harm to any person.

(3) A denial of the application made under subsection (a)(2) may be reviewed as provided in section 1803 of this title.

(d) Privacy procedures

Information collected through the use of a pen register or trap and trace device installed under this section shall be subject to the policies and procedures required under section 1842(h) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–511, title IV, §403, as added Pub. L. 105–272, title VI, §601(2), Oct. 20, 1998, 112 Stat. 2407; amended Pub. L. 107–56, title II, §214(b), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 287; Pub. L. 110–261, title I, §108, July 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 2464; Pub. L. 114–23, title II, §202(b), June 2, 2015, 129 Stat. 278; Pub. L. 115–118, title II, §205(b)(5), Jan. 19, 2018, 132 Stat. 22.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 115–118 added par. (3).

2015—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–23 added subsec. (d).

2008—Subsecs. (a)(2), (c)(1)(C). Pub. L. 110–261 substituted "7 days" for "48 hours".

2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–56, §214(b)(1), substituted "foreign intelligence information not concerning a United States person or information to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution" for "foreign intelligence information or information concerning international terrorism" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–56, §214(b)(2), substituted "foreign intelligence information not concerning a United States person or information to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution" for "foreign intelligence information or information concerning international terrorism".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–261 effective July 10, 2008, except as provided in section 404 of Pub. L. 110–261, set out as a Transition Procedures note under section 1801 of this title, see section 402 of Pub. L. 110–261, set out as an Effective Date of 2008 Amendment note under section 1801 of this title.
50 U.S.C. § 156 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 9: AIRCRAFT / Section 156: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 156, acts Apr. 18, 1940, ch. 107, §1, 54 Stat. 134; Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782, title XI, §1106(a), 63 Stat. 972, authorized National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics to pay compensation of a retired officer of the Army or Navy performing service for Committee. See note set out under sections 151 to 151f of this title.

Section 157, which related to transfer of aircraft, supplies, and equipment by Army and Navy to National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, was from appropriation acts July 30, 1947, ch. 359, title I, §101, 61 Stat. 599; Apr. 20, 1948, ch. 219, title I, §101, 62 Stat. 188; Aug. 24, 1949, ch. 506, title I, §101, 63 Stat. 646; Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, ch. VIII, title I, §101, 64 Stat. 711, and was not repeated in the Independent Offices Appropriation Act, 1952, act Aug. 31, 1951, ch. 376, 65 Stat. 268. Section was formerly classified to section 246 of former Title 49, Transportation.
50 U.S.C. § 3146 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 44: NATIONAL SECURITY / Subchapter V: PROTECTION OF OPERATIONAL FILES / Section 3146: Protection of certain files of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence
Protection of certain files of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence
Status: in_force

(a) Inapplicability of FOIA to exempted operational files provided to ODNI

(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the provisions of section 552 of title 5 that require search, review, publication, or disclosure of a record shall not apply to a record provided to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence by an element of the intelligence community from the exempted operational files of such element.

(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a record of the Office that—

(A) contains information derived or disseminated from an exempted operational file, unless such record is created by the Office for the sole purpose of organizing such exempted operational file for use by the Office;

(B) is disseminated by the Office to a person other than an officer, employee, or contractor of the Office; or

(C) is no longer designated as an exempted operational file in accordance with this subchapter.

(b) Effect of providing files to ODNI

Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, an exempted operational file that is provided to the Office by an element of the intelligence community shall not be subject to the provisions of section 552 of title 5 that require search, review, publication, or disclosure of a record solely because such element provides such exempted operational file to the Office.

(c) Search and review for certain purposes

Notwithstanding subsection (a) or (b), an exempted operational file shall continue to be subject to search and review for information concerning any of the following:

(1) United States citizens or aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence who have requested information on themselves pursuant to the provisions of section 552 or 552a of title 5.

(2) Any special activity the existence of which is not exempt from disclosure under the provisions of section 552 of title 5.

(3) The specific subject matter of an investigation for any impropriety or violation of law, Executive order, or Presidential directive, in the conduct of an intelligence activity by any of the following:

(A) The Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.

(B) The Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

(C) The Intelligence Oversight Board.

(D) The Department of Justice.

(E) The Office of the Director of National Intelligence.

(F) The Office of the Inspector General of the Intelligence Community.

(d) Decennial review of exempted operational files

(1) Not less than once every 10 years, the Director of National Intelligence shall review the exemptions in force under subsection (a) to determine whether such exemptions may be removed from any category of exempted files or any portion thereof.

(2) The review required by paragraph (1) shall include consideration of the historical value or other public interest in the subject matter of the particular category of files or portions thereof and the potential for declassifying a significant part of the information contained therein.

(3) A complainant that alleges that the Director of National Intelligence has improperly withheld records because of failure to comply with this subsection may seek judicial review in the district court of the United States of the district in which any of the parties reside, or in the District of Columbia. In such a proceeding, the court's review shall be limited to determining the following:

(A) Whether the Director has conducted the review required by paragraph (1) before the expiration of the 10-year period beginning on October 7, 2010, or before the expiration of the 10-year period beginning on the date of the most recent review.

(B) Whether the Director of National Intelligence, in fact, considered the criteria set forth in paragraph (2) in conducting the required review.

(e) Supersedure of other laws

The provisions of this section may not be superseded except by a provision of law that is enacted after October 7, 2010, and that specifically cites and repeals or modifies such provisions.

(f) Allegation; improper withholding of records; judicial review

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), whenever any person who has requested agency records under section 552 of title 5 alleges that the Office has withheld records improperly because of failure to comply with any provision of this section, judicial review shall be available under the terms set forth in section 552(a)(4)(B) of title 5.

(2) Judicial review shall not be available in the manner provided for under paragraph (1) as follows:

(A) In any case in which information specifically authorized under criteria established by an Executive order to be kept secret in the interests of national defense or foreign relations is filed with, or produced for, the court by the Office, such information shall be examined ex parte, in camera by the court.

(B) The court shall determine, to the fullest extent practicable, the issues of fact based on sworn written submissions of the parties.

(C)(i) When a complainant alleges that requested records were improperly withheld because of improper exemption of operational files, the Office may meet the burden of the Office under section 552(a)(4)(B) of title 5 by demonstrating to the court by sworn written submission that exempted files likely to contain responsive records are records provided to the Office by an element of the intelligence community from the exempted operational files of such element.

(ii) The court may not order the Office to review the content of any exempted file in order to make the demonstration required under clause (i), unless the complainant disputes the Office's showing with a sworn written submission based on personal knowledge or otherwise admissible evidence.

(D) In proceedings under subparagraph (C), a party may not obtain discovery pursuant to rules 26 through 36 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, except that requests for admissions may be made pursuant to rules 26 and 36 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

(E) If the court finds under this subsection that the Office has improperly withheld requested records because of failure to comply with any provision of this section, the court shall order the Office to search and review each appropriate exempted file for the requested records and make such records, or portions thereof, available in accordance with the provisions of section 552 of title 5 (commonly referred to as the Freedom of Information Act), and such order shall be the exclusive remedy for failure to comply with this section.

(F) If at any time following the filing of a complaint pursuant to this paragraph the Office agrees to search each appropriate exempted file for the requested records, the court shall dismiss the claim based upon such complaint.

(g) Definitions

In this section:

(1) The term "exempted operational file" means a file of an element of the intelligence community that, in accordance with this subchapter, is exempted from the provisions of section 552 of title 5 that require search, review, publication, or disclosure of such file.

(2) Except as otherwise specifically provided, the term "Office" means the Office of the Director of National Intelligence.

(July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title VII, §706, as added Pub. L. 111–259, title IV, §408(a), Oct. 7, 2010, 124 Stat. 2722.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(D), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 432d of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
50 U.S.C. § 4336 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 53: TRADING WITH THE ENEMY / Section 4336: Retention of properties or interests of Germany and Japan and their nationals; proceeds covered into Treasury; ex gratia payment to Switzerland
Retention of properties or interests of Germany and Japan and their nationals; proceeds covered into Treasury; ex gratia payment to Switzerland
Status: in_force

(a) Retention of properties or interests of Germany and Japan and their nationals

No property or interest therein of Germany, Japan, or any national of either such country vested in or transferred to any officer or agency of the Government at any time after December 17, 1941, pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, shall be returned to former owners thereof or their successors in interest, and the United States shall not pay compensation for any such property or interest therein. The net proceeds remaining upon the completion of administration, liquidation, and disposition pursuant to the provisions of this chapter of any such property or interest therein shall be covered into the Treasury at the earliest practicable date. Nothing in this section shall be construed to repeal or otherwise affect the operation of the provisions of section 4329, 4337, 4338, 4339 or 4340 of this title or of the Philippine Property Act of 1946 [22 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.].

(b) Cover into Treasury of sums received by Attorney General

The Attorney General shall cover into the Treasury, to the credit of miscellaneous receipts, all sums from property vested in or transferred to the Attorney General under this chapter—

(1) which the Attorney General receives after August 23, 1988, or

(2) which the Attorney General received before that date and which, as of that date, the Attorney General had not covered into the Treasury for deposit in the War Claims Fund, other than any such sums which the Attorney General determines in his or her discretion are the subject matter of any judicial action or proceeding.

(c) Ex gratia payment to Government of Switzerland

Notwithstanding any of the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) of this section, the Attorney General is authorized to pay from property vested in or transferred to the Attorney General under this chapter, the sum of $20,000 as an ex gratia payment to the Government of Switzerland in accordance with the terms of the agreement entered into by that Government and the Government of the United States on March 12, 1980.

(Oct. 6, 1917, ch. 106, §39, as added July 3, 1948, ch. 826, §12, 62 Stat. 1246; amended Aug. 7, 1953, ch. 344, 67 Stat. 461; Pub. L. 85–884, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1708; Pub. L. 87–846, title II, §§202, 204(c), Oct. 22, 1962, 76 Stat. 1113, 1115; Pub. L. 87–861, §1, Oct. 23, 1962, 76 Stat. 1139; Pub. L. 89–619, Oct. 4, 1966, 80 Stat. 871; Pub. L. 99–93, title VIII, §803, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 449; Pub. L. 100–418, title II, §2501(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1370.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning act Oct. 6, 1917, ch. 106, 40 Stat. 411, known as the Trading with the enemy Act, also known as the Trading with the Enemy Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 4301 of this title and Tables.

The Philippine Property Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (a), is act July 3, 1946, ch. 536, 60 Stat. 418, which is classified generally to subchapter V (§1381 et seq.) of chapter 15 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1381 of Title 22 and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 39 of the former Appendix to this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

1988—Subsecs. (b) to (f). Pub. L. 100–418 added subsec. (b), redesignated subsec. (f) as (c) and substituted "and (b)" for "through (d)", and struck out former subsecs. (b) to (e) which related to authorizations for certain transfers of funds into the Treasury by the Attorney General for deposit into the War Claims Fund and transfer of certain paintings to the Federal Republic of Germany.

1985—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 99–93 added subsec. (f).

1966—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 89–619 added subsec. (e).

1962—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 87–861 provided that nothing in this section shall be construed to repeal or otherwise affect the operation of section 4337, 4338, 4339, or 4340 of this title.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 87–846, §204(c), required Attorney General to cover $500,000 into Treasury for deposit into War Claims Fund for payments to successor organizations receiving heirless property.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 87–846, §202, added subsec. (d).

1958—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 85–884 added subsec. (c).

1953—Act Aug. 7, 1953, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).
50 U.S.C. § 2056 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 38: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY / Subchapter II: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY SYSTEM / Section 2056: Eligibility for annuity
Eligibility for annuity
Status: in_force

(a) One-out-of-two requirement

A participant must complete, within the last two years before any separation from service (except a separation because of death or disability) at least one year of creditable civilian service during which the participant is subject to this subchapter and in a pay status before the participant or the participant's survivors are eligible for an annuity under this subchapter based on that separation.

(b) Refund of contributions for time not allowed for credit

If a participant (other than a participant separated from the service because of death or disability) fails to meet the service and pay status requirement of subsection (a), any amounts deducted from the participant's pay during the period for which no eligibility is established based on the separation shall be returned to the participant on the separation.

(c) Exception

Failure to meet the service and pay status requirement of subsection (a) shall not deprive the participant or the participant's survivors of any annuity to which they may be entitled under this subchapter based on a previous separation.

(Pub. L. 88–643, title II, §236, as added Pub. L. 102–496, title VIII, §802, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3226.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 236 of Pub. L. 88–643, as added Pub. L. 101–193, title III, §302(2), Nov. 30, 1989, 103 Stat. 1703, related to eligibility for annuity and was set out as a note under section 403 of this title prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 88–643 by section 802 of Pub. L. 102–496.

A prior section 237 of Pub. L. 88–643, title II, formerly §236, Oct. 13, 1964, 78 Stat. 1049; Pub. L. 91–626, §4, Dec. 31, 1970, 84 Stat. 1873; Pub. L. 93–31, May 8, 1973, 87 Stat. 65; Pub. L. 99–335, title V, §501(2), June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 622, renumbered §237, Pub. L. 101–193, title III, §302(1), Nov. 30, 1989, 103 Stat. 1703, related to limitation on number of retirements and was set out as a note under section 403 of this title prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 88–643 by section 802 of Pub. L. 102–496.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on first day of fourth month beginning after Oct. 24, 1992, see section 805 of Pub. L. 102–496, set out as a note under section 2001 of this title.
50 U.S.C. § 2352 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 40: DEFENSE AGAINST WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION / Subchapter IV: COORDINATION OF POLICY AND COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST PROLIFERATION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION / Section 2352: National Security Council Committee on Nonproliferation
National Security Council Committee on Nonproliferation
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Committee on Nonproliferation (in this section referred to as the "Committee") is established as a committee of the National Security Council.

(b) Membership

(1) The Committee shall be composed of representatives of the following:

(A) The Secretary of State.

(B) The Secretary of Defense.

(C) The Director of Central Intelligence.

(D) The Attorney General.

(E) The Secretary of Energy.

(F) The Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

(G) The Secretary of the Treasury.

(H) The Secretary of Commerce.

(I) Such other members as the President may designate.

(2) The National Coordinator for Nonproliferation Matters shall chair the Committee on Nonproliferation.

(c) Responsibilities

The Committee has the following responsibilities:

(1) To review and coordinate Federal programs, policies, and directives relating to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and related materials and technologies, including matters relating to terrorism and international organized crime.

(2) To make recommendations through the National Security Council to the President regarding the following:

(A) Integrated national policies for countering the threats posed by weapons of mass destruction.

(B) Options for integrating Federal agency budgets for countering such threats.

(C) Means to ensure that Federal, State, and local governments have adequate capabilities to manage crises involving nuclear, radiological, biological, or chemical weapons or related materials or technologies, and to manage the consequences of a use of such weapon or related materials or technologies, and that use of those capabilities is coordinated.

(D) Means to ensure appropriate cooperation on, and coordination of, the following:

(i) Preventing the smuggling of weapons of mass destruction and related materials and technologies.

(ii) Promoting domestic and international law enforcement efforts against proliferation-related efforts.

(iii) Countering the involvement of organized crime groups in proliferation-related activities.

(iv) Safeguarding weapons of mass destruction materials and related technologies.

(v) Improving coordination and cooperation among intelligence activities, law enforcement, and the Departments of Defense, State, Commerce, and Energy in support of nonproliferation and counterproliferation efforts.

(vi) Improving export controls over materials and technologies that can contribute to the acquisition of weapons of mass destruction.

(vii) Reducing proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and related materials and technologies.

(Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XIV, §1442, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2727.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Director's capacity as the head of the intelligence community deemed to be a reference to the Director of National Intelligence. Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Director's capacity as the head of the Central Intelligence Agency deemed to be a reference to the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. See section 1081(a), (b) of Pub. L. 108–458, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of all functions, personnel, assets, components, authorities, grant programs, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Under Secretary for Federal Emergency Management relating thereto, to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, see section 315(a)(1) of Title 6, Domestic Security.

For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see former section 313(1) and sections 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
50 U.S.C. § 3516 (2024) — Title 50: WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE / Chapter 46: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY / Section 3516: Health benefits for certain former spouses of Central Intelligence Agency employees
Health benefits for certain former spouses of Central Intelligence Agency employees
Status: in_force

(a) Persons eligible

Except as provided in subsection (e), any individual—

(1) formerly married to an employee or former employee of the Agency, whose marriage was dissolved by divorce or annulment before May 7, 1985;

(2) who, at any time during the eighteen-month period before the divorce or annulment became final, was covered under a health benefits plan as a member of the family of such employee or former employee; and

(3) who was married to such employee for not less than ten years during periods of service by such employee with the Agency, at least five years of which were spent outside the United States by both the employee and the former spouse,

is eligible for coverage under a health benefits plan in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(b) Enrollment for health benefits

(1) Any individual eligible for coverage under subsection (a) may enroll in a health benefits plan for self alone or for self and family if, before the expiration of the six-month period beginning on October 1, 1986, and in accordance with such procedures as the Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall by regulation prescribe, such individual—

(A) files an election for such enrollment; and

(B) arranges to pay currently into the Employees Health Benefits Fund under section 8909 of title 5 an amount equal to the sum of the employee and agency contributions payable in the case of an employee enrolled under chapter 89 of such title in the same health benefits plan and with the same level of benefits.

(2) The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency shall, as soon as possible, take all steps practicable—

(A) to determine the identity and current address of each former spouse eligible for coverage under subsection (a); and

(B) to notify each such former spouse of that individual's rights under this section.

(3) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management, upon notification by the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, shall waive the six-month limitation set forth in paragraph (1) in any case in which the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency determines that the circumstances so warrant.

(c) Eligibility of former wives or husbands

(1) Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b) and except as provided in subsections (d), (e), and (f), an individual—

(A) who was divorced on or before December 4, 1991, from a participant or retired participant in the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System or the Federal Employees Retirement System Special Category;

(B) who was married to such participant for not less than ten years during the participant's creditable service, at least five years of which were spent by the participant during the participant's service as an employee of the Agency outside the United States, or otherwise in a position the duties of which qualified the participant for designation by the Director as a participant under section 2013 of this title; and

(C) who was enrolled in a health benefits plan as a family member at any time during the 18-month period before the date of dissolution of the marriage to such participant;

is eligible for coverage under a health benefits plan.

(2) A former spouse eligible for coverage under paragraph (1) may enroll in a health benefits plan in accordance with subsection (b)(1), except that the election for such enrollment must be submitted within 60 days after the date on which the Director notifies the former spouse of such individual's eligibility for health insurance coverage under this subsection.

(d) Continuation of eligibility

Notwithstanding subsections (a), (b), and (c) and except as provided in subsections (e) and (f), an individual divorced on or before December 4, 1991, from a participant or retired participant in the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System or Federal Employees' Retirement System Special Category who enrolled in a health benefits plan following the dissolution of the marriage to such participant may continue enrollment following the death of such participant notwithstanding the termination of the retirement annuity of such individual.

(e) Remarriage before age fifty-five; continued enrollment; restored eligibility

(1) Any former spouse who remarries before age fifty-five is not eligible to make an election under subsection (b)(1).

(2) Any former spouse enrolled in a health benefits plan pursuant to an election under subsection (b)(1) or to subsection (d) may continue the enrollment under the conditions of eligibility which the Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall by regulation prescribe, except that any former spouse who remarries before age fifty-five shall not be eligible for continued enrollment under this section after the end of the thirty-one-day period beginning on the date of remarriage.

(3)(A) A former spouse who is not eligible to enroll or to continue enrollment in a health benefits plan under this section solely because of remarriage before age fifty-five shall be restored to such eligibility on the date such remarriage is dissolved by death, annulment, or divorce.

(B) A former spouse whose eligibility is restored under subparagraph (A) may, under regulations which the Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall prescribe, enroll in a health benefits plan if such former spouse—

(i) was an individual referred to in paragraph (1) and was an individual covered under a benefits plan as a family member at any time during the 18-month period before the date of dissolution of the marriage to the Agency employee or annuitant; or

(ii) was an individual referred to in paragraph (2) and was an individual covered under a benefits plan immediately before the remarriage ended the enrollment.

(f) Enrollment in health benefits plan under other authority

No individual may be covered by a health benefits plan under this section during any period in which such individual is enrolled in a health benefits plan under any other authority, nor may any individual be covered under more than one enrollment under this section.

(g) "Health benefits plan" defined

For purposes of this section the term "health benefits plan" means an approved health benefits plan under chapter 89 of title 5.

(June 20, 1949, ch. 227, §16, as added Pub. L. 99–569, title III, §303(a), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3194; amended Pub. L. 102–88, title III, §307(c), Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 103–178, title II, §203(c), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2031; Pub. L. 108–458, title I, §1071(b)(2)(B), (b)(3)(B), (C), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3690, 3691.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 403p of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2004—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 108–458, §1071(b)(3)(B), substituted "Director of the Central Intelligence Agency" for "Director of Central Intelligence" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 108–458, §1071(b)(3)(C), substituted "Director of the Central Intelligence Agency" for "Director of Central Intelligence" in two places.

Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Pub. L. 108–458, §1071(b)(2)(B), struck out "of Central Intelligence" after "Director".

1993—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–178, §203(c)(2)(A), substituted "subsection (e)" for "subsection (c)(1)" in introductory provisions.

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 103–178, §203(c)(1), added subsecs. (c) and (d). Former subsecs. (c) and (d) redesignated (e) and (f), respectively.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–178, §203(c)(2)(B), inserted "or to subsection (d)" after "subsection (b)(1)" in par. (2).

Pub. L. 103–178, §203(c)(1)(A), redesignated subsec. (c) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (g).

Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 103–178, §203(c)(1)(A), redesignated subsecs. (d) and (e) as (f) and (g), respectively.

1991—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 102–88 added par. (3).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

For Determination by President that amendment by Pub. L. 108–458 take effect on Apr. 21, 2005, see Memorandum of President of the United States, Apr. 21, 2005, 70 F.R. 23925, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–458 effective not later than six months after Dec. 17, 2004, except as otherwise expressly provided, see section 1097(a) of Pub. L. 108–458, set out in an Effective Date of 2004 Amendment; Transition Provisions note under section 3001 of this title.

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Amendment by section 203(c) of Pub. L. 103–178 applicable to individuals on and after Oct. 1, 1994, with no benefits provided pursuant to section 203(c) payable with respect to any period before Oct. 1, 1994, except that subsec. (d) of this section applicable to individuals beginning Dec. 3, 1993, see section 203(e) of Pub. L. 103–178, set out as a Survivor Annuity, Retirement Annuity, and Health Benefits for Certain Ex-Spouses of Central Intelligence Agency Employees; Effective Date note under section 2032 of this title.

Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

Pub. L. 102–88, title III, §307(d), Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 433, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and provisions formerly set out as a note under section 403 of this title] shall take effect as of October 1, 1990. No benefits provided pursuant to the amendments made by this section shall be payable with respect to any period before such date."

Effective Date

Pub. L. 99–569, title III, §303(b), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3195, provided that: "The amendment made by this section [enacting this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1986."

Compliance With Budget Act

Pub. L. 102–88, title III, §307(e), Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 433, provided that: "Any new spending authority (within the meaning of section 401(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 651(c)]) provided pursuant to the amendments made by this section [amending this section and provisions formerly set out as a note under section 403 of this title] shall be effective for any fiscal year only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation Acts."