42 U.S.C. § 12898a (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 130: NATIONAL AFFORDABLE HOUSING / Subchapter IV: HOPE FOR HOMEOWNERSHIP OF MULTIFAMILY AND SINGLE FAMILY HOMES / Section 12898a: Enterprise zone homeownership opportunity grants
Enterprise zone homeownership opportunity grants
Status: in_force

(a) Statement of purpose

It is the purpose of this section—

(1) to encourage homeownership by families in the United States who are not otherwise able to afford homeownership;

(2) to encourage the redevelopment of economically depressed areas; and

(3) to provide better housing opportunities in federally approved and equivalent State-approved enterprise zones.

(b) Definitions

For purposes of this section the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Home

The term "home" means any 1- to 4-family dwelling. Such term includes any dwelling unit in a condominium project or cooperative project consisting of not more than 4 dwelling units, any town house, and any manufactured home.

(2) Metropolitan statistical area

The term "metropolitan statistical area" means a metropolitan statistical area as established by the Office of Management and Budget.

(3) Nonprofit organization

The term "nonprofit organization" means a private nonprofit corporation, or other private nonprofit legal entity, that is approved by the Secretary as to financial responsibility.

(4) Secretary

The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

(5) State

The term "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States.

(6) Unit of general local government

The term "unit of general local government" means any borough, city, county, parish, town, township, village, or other general purpose political subdivision of a State.

(c) Assistance to nonprofit organizations

(1) In general

The Secretary may provide assistance to nonprofit organizations to carry out enterprise zone homeownership opportunity programs to promote homeownership in federally approved and equivalent State-approved enterprise zones in accordance with the provisions of this section. Such assistance shall be made in the form of grants.

(2) Applications

Applications for assistance under this section shall be made in such form, and in accordance with such procedures, as the Secretary may prescribe.

(d) Eligible uses of assistance

(1) In general

Any nonprofit organization receiving assistance under this section shall use such assistance to provide loans to families purchasing homes constructed or rehabilitated in accordance with an enterprise zone homeownership opportunity program approved under this section.

(2) Specific requirements

Each loan made to a family under this subsection shall—

(A) be secured by a second mortgage held by the Secretary on the property involved;

(B) be in an amount not exceeding $15,000;

(C) bear no interest; and

(D) be repayable to the Secretary upon the sales, lease, or other transfer of such property.

(e) Program requirements

(1) In general

Assistance provided under this section may be used only in connection with an enterprise zone homeownership opportunity program of construction or rehabilitation of homes.

(2) Family need

Each family purchasing a home under this section shall—

(A) have a family income on the date of such purchase that is not more than the median income for a family of 4 persons (adjusted for family size) in the metropolitan statistical area in which a federally approved or equivalent State-approved enterprise zone is located; and

(B) not have owned a home during the 3-year period preceding such purchase.

(3) Downpayment

Each family purchasing a home under this section shall make a downpayment of not less than 5 percent of the sale price of such home.

(4) Leasing prohibition

No family purchasing a home under this section may lease such home.

(f) Terms and conditions of assistance

(1) Local consultation

No proposed enterprise zone homeownership opportunity program may be approved by the Secretary under this section unless the applicant involved demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that—

(A) it has consulted with and received the support of residents of the neighborhood in which such program is to be located; and

(B) it has the approval of each unit of general local government in which such program is to be located.

(2) Program schedule

Each applicant for assistance under this section shall submit to the Secretary an estimated schedule for completion of its proposed enterprise zone homeownership opportunity program, which schedule shall have been agreed to by each unit of general local government in which such program is to be located.

(3) Location

All homes constructed or rehabilitated under such program will be located in federally approved or equivalent State-approved enterprise zones.

(4) Sales contracts

Sales contracts entered into under such program will contain provisions requiring repayment of any loan made under this section upon the sale or other transfer of the home involved, unless the Secretary approves a transfer of such home without repayment (in which case the second mortgage held by the Secretary on such home shall remain in force until such loan is fully repaid).

(g) Program selection criteria

(1) In general

In selecting enterprise zone homeownership opportunity programs for assistance under this section from among eligible programs, the Secretary shall make such selection on the basis of the extent to which—

(A) non-Federal public or private entities will contribute land necessary to make each program feasible;

(B) non-Federal public and private financial or other contributions (including tax abatements, waivers of fees related to development, waivers of construction, development, or zoning requirements, and direct financial contributions) will reduce the cost of home 1 constructed or rehabilitated under each program;

(C) each program will produce the greatest number of units for the least amount of assistance provided under this section, taking into consideration the cost differences among different market areas; and

(D) each program provides for the involvement of local residents in the planning, and construction or rehabilitation, of homes.

(2) Exception

To the extent that non-Federal public entities are prohibited by the law of any State from making any form of contribution described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1), the Secretary shall not consider such form of contribution in evaluating such program.

(h) Regulations

Not later than 180 days after October 28, 1992, the Secretary shall issue final regulations to carry out the provisions of this title.2 Any such regulations shall be issued in accordance with section 553 of title 5, notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a)(2) of such section.

(i) Funding

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 in each of fiscal years 1993 and 1994.

(Pub. L. 102–550, title I, §186, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3748.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992, and not as part of subtitle C (§§441–448) of title IV of Pub. L. 101–625 which comprises this part.

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.

1 So in original. Probably should be "homes".

2 So in original. Probably should be "this section."
42 U.S.C. § 3543 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 44: DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT / Section 3543: Preventing fraud and abuse in Department of Housing and Urban Development programs
Preventing fraud and abuse in Department of Housing and Urban Development programs
Status: in_force

(a) Disclosure of social security account number

As a condition of initial or continuing eligibility for participation in any program of the Department of Housing and Urban Development involving loans, grants, interest or rental assistance of any kind, or mortgage or loan insurance, and to ensure that the level of benefits provided under such programs is proper, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may require that an applicant or participant (including members of the household of an applicant or participant) disclose his or her social security account number or employer identification number to the Secretary.

(b) Definitions

For purposes of this section, the terms "applicant" and "participant" shall have such meanings as the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development by regulation shall prescribe. Such terms shall not include persons whose involvement is only in their official capacity, such as State or local government officials or officers of lending institutions.

(Pub. L. 100–242, title I, §165, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1864.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987, and not as part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Act which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 7263 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 84: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY / Subchapter VI: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 7263: Capital fund
Capital fund
Status: in_force

The Secretary is authorized to establish a working capital fund, to be available without fiscal year limitation, for expenses necessary for the maintenance and operation of such common administrative services as he shall find to be desirable in the interests of economy and efficiency, including such services as a central supply service for stationery and other supplies and equipment for which adequate stocks may be maintained to meet in whole or in part the requirements of the Department and its agencies; central messenger, mail, telephone, and other communications services; office space, central services for document reproduction, and for graphics and visual aids; and a central library service. The capital of the fund shall consist of any appropriations made for the purpose of providing capital (which appropriations are hereby authorized) and the fair and reasonable value of such stocks of supplies, equipment, and other assets and inventories on order as the Secretary may transfer to the fund, less the related liabilities and unpaid obligations. Such funds shall be reimbursed in advance from available funds of agencies and offices in the Department, or from other sources, for supplies and services at rates which will approximate the expense of operation, including the accrual of annual leave and the depreciation of equipment. The fund shall also be credited with receipts from sale or exchange of property and receipts in payment for loss or damage to property owned by the fund. There shall be covered into the United States Treasury as miscellaneous receipts any surplus found in the fund (all assets, liabilities, and prior losses considered) above the amounts transferred or appropriated to establish and maintain said fund. There shall be transferred to the fund the stocks of supplies, equipment, other assets, liabilities, and unpaid obligations relating to the services which he determines will be performed through the fund. Appropriations to the fund, in such amounts as may be necessary to provide additional working capital, are authorized.

(Pub. L. 95–91, title VI, §653, Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 601.)
42 U.S.C. § 6322 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 77: ENERGY CONSERVATION / Subchapter III: IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY / Section 6322: State energy conservation plans
State energy conservation plans
Status: in_force

(a) Feasibility reports

The Secretary shall, by rule, within 60 days after December 22, 1975, prescribe guidelines for the preparation of a State energy conservation feasibility report. The Secretary shall invite the Governor of each State to submit, within 3 months after the effective date of such guidelines, such a report. Such report shall include—

(1) an assessment of the feasibility of establishing a State energy conservation goal, which goal shall consist of a reduction, as a result of the implementation of the State energy conservation plan described in this section, of 5 percent or more in the total amount of energy consumed in such State in the year 1980 from the projected energy consumption for such State in the year 1980, and

(2) a proposal by such State for the development of a State energy conservation plan to achieve such goal.

(b) Guidelines

The Secretary shall, by rule, within 6 months after December 22, 1975, prescribe guidelines with respect to measures required to be included in, and guidelines for the development, modification, and funding of, State energy conservation plans. The Secretary shall invite the Governor of each State to submit, within 5 months after the effective date of such guidelines, a report. Such report shall include—

(1) a proposed State energy conservation plan designed to result in scheduled progress toward, and achievement of, the State energy conservation goal of such State; and

(2) a detailed description of the requirements, including the estimated cost of implementation and the estimated energy savings, associated with each functional category of energy conservation included in the State energy conservation plan.

(c) Mandatory features of plans

Each proposed State energy conservation plan to be eligible for Federal assistance under this part shall include—

(1) mandatory lighting efficiency standards for public buildings (except public buildings owned or leased by the United States);

(2) programs to promote the availability and use of carpools, vanpools, and public transportation (except that no Federal funds provided under this part shall be used for subsidizing fares for public transportation);

(3) mandatory standards and policies relating to energy efficiency to govern the procurement practices of such State and its political subdivisions;

(4) mandatory thermal efficiency standards and insulation requirements for new and renovated buildings (except buildings owned or leased by the United States);

(5) a traffic law or regulation which, to the maximum extent practicable consistent with safety, permits the operator of a motor vehicle to turn such vehicle right at a red stop light after stopping and to turn such vehicle left from a one-way street onto a one-way street at a red light after stopping;

(6) procedures for ensuring effective coordination among various local, State, and Federal energy conservation programs within the State, including any program administered within the Office of Technical and Financial Assistance of the Department of Energy and the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program administered by the Department of Health and Human Services; and

(7) the mandatory conduct of activities to support transmission and distribution planning, including—

(A) support for local governments and Indian Tribes;

(B) feasibility studies for transmission line routes and alternatives;

(C) preparation of necessary project design and permits; and

(D) outreach to affected stakeholders.

(d) Optional features of plans

Each proposed State energy conservation plan may include—

(1) restrictions governing the hours and conditions of operation of public buildings (except buildings owned or leased by the United States);

(2) restrictions on the use of decorative or nonessential lighting;

(3) programs to increase transportation energy efficiency, including programs to help reduce carbon emissions in the transportation sector by 2050 and accelerate the use of alternative transportation fuels for, and the electrification of, State government vehicles, fleet vehicles, taxis and ridesharing services, mass transit, school buses, ferries, and privately owned passenger and medium- and heavy-duty vehicles;

(4) programs of public education to promote energy conservation;

(5) programs for financing energy efficiency and renewable energy capital investments, projects, and programs—

(A) which may include loan programs and performance contracting programs for leveraging of additional public and private sector funds, and programs which allow rebates, grants, or other incentives for the purchase and installation of energy efficiency and renewable energy measures; or

(B) in addition to or in lieu of programs described in subparagraph (A), which may be used in connection with public or nonprofit buildings owned and operated by a State, a political subdivision of a State or an agency or instrumentality of a State, or an organization exempt from taxation under section 501(c)(3) of title 26;

(6) programs for encouraging and for carrying out energy audits with respect to buildings and industrial facilities (including industrial processes) within the State;

(7) programs to promote the adoption of integrated energy plans which provide for—

(A) periodic evaluation of a State's energy needs, available energy resources (including greater energy efficiency), and energy costs; and

(B) utilization of adequate and reliable energy supplies, including greater energy efficiency, that meet applicable safety, environmental, and policy requirements at the lowest cost;

(8) programs to promote energy efficiency in residential housing, such as—

(A) programs for development and promotion of energy efficiency rating systems for newly constructed housing and existing housing so that consumers can compare the energy efficiency of different housing; and

(B) programs for the adoption of incentives for builders, utilities, and mortgage lenders to build, service, or finance energy efficient housing;

(9) programs to identify unfair or deceptive acts or practices which relate to the implementation of energy efficiency measures and renewable resource energy measures and to educate consumers concerning such acts or practices;

(10) programs to modify patterns of energy consumption so as to reduce peak demands for energy and improve the efficiency of energy supply systems, including electricity supply systems;

(11) programs to promote energy efficiency as an integral component of economic development planning conducted by State, local, or other governmental entities or by energy utilities;

(12) in accordance with subsection (f)(2), programs to implement the Energy Technology Commercialization Services Program;

(13) programs (enlisting appropriate trade and professional organizations in the development and financing of such programs) to provide training and education (including, if appropriate, training workshops, practice manuals, and testing for each area of energy efficiency technology) to building designers and contractors involved in building design and construction or in the sale, installation, and maintenance of energy systems and equipment to promote building energy efficiency improvements;

(14) programs for the development of building retrofit standards and regulations, including retrofit ordinances enforced at the time of the sale of a building;

(15) support for prefeasibility and feasibility studies for projects that utilize renewable energy and energy efficiency resource technologies in order to facilitate access to capital and credit for such projects;

(16) programs to facilitate and encourage the voluntary use of renewable energy technologies for eligible participants in Federal agency programs, including the Rural Electrification Administration and the Farmers Home Administration;

(17) programs that promote the installation and use of demand-response technology and demand-response practices; and

(18) any other appropriate method or programs to conserve and to promote efficiency in the use of energy.

(e) Standby plans

The Governor of any State may submit to the Secretary a State energy conservation plan which is a standby energy conservation plan to significantly reduce energy demand by regulating the public and private consumption of energy during a severe energy supply interruption, which plan may be separately eligible for Federal assistance under this part without regard to subsections (c) and (d) of this section.

(f) Energy Technology Commercialization Services Program

(1) The purposes of this subsection are to—

(A) strengthen State outreach programs to aid small and start-up businesses;

(B) foster a broader application of engineering principles and techniques to energy technology products, manufacturing, and commercial production by small and start-up businesses; and

(C) foster greater assistance to small and start-up businesses in dealing with the Federal Government on energy technology related matters.

(2) The programs to implement the functions of the Energy Technology Commercialization Services Program, as provided for by subsection (d)(12), shall—

(A) aid small and start-up businesses in discovering useful and practical information relating to manufacturing and commercial production techniques and costs associated with new energy technologies;

(B) encourage the application of such information in order to solve energy technology product development and manufacturing problems;

(C) establish an Energy Technology Commercialization Services Program affiliated with an existing entity in each State;

(D) coordinate engineers and manufacturers to aid small and start-up businesses in solving specific technical problems and improving the cost effectiveness of methods for manufacturing new energy technologies;

(E) assist small and start-up businesses in preparing the technical portions of proposals seeking financial assistance for new energy technology commercialization; and

(F) facilitate contract research between university faculty and students and small start-up businesses, in order to improve energy technology product development and independent quality control testing.

(3) Each State energy technology commercialization services program shall develop and maintain a data base of engineering and scientific experts in energy technologies and product commercialization interested in participating in the service. Such data base shall, at a minimum, include faculty of institutions of higher education, retired manufacturing experts, and national laboratory personnel.

(4) The services provided by the energy technology commercialization services programs established under this subsection shall be available to any small or start-up business. Such service programs shall charge fees which are affordable to a party eligible for assistance, which shall be determined by examining factors, including the following: (A) the costs of the services received; (B) the need of the recipient for the services; and (C) the ability of the recipient to pay for the services.

(5) For the purposes of this subsection, the term—

(A) "institution of higher education" has the same meaning as such term is defined in section 1001 of title 20;

(B) "small business" means a private firm that does not exceed the numerical size standard promulgated by the Small Business Administration under section 632(a) of title 15 for the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes designated by the Secretary of Energy; and

(C) "start-up business" means a small business which has been in existence for 5 years or less.

(g) Review of plans

The Secretary shall, at least once every 3 years, invite the Governor of each State to review and, if necessary, revise the energy conservation plan of such State submitted under subsection (b) or (e). Such reviews should consider the energy conservation plans of other States within the region, and identify opportunities and actions carried out in pursuit of common energy conservation goals.

(Pub. L. 94–163, title III, §362, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 933; Pub. L. 95–619, title VI, §691(b)(2), Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3288; Pub. L. 101–440, §§3(a), 4(a), (b), Oct. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 1006–1008; Pub. L. 102–486, title I, §141(b), (c)(1), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2841; Pub. L. 105–244, title I, §102(a)(13)(E), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1620; Pub. L. 105–388, §5(a)(8), Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3478; Pub. L. 109–58, title I, §123(a), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 616; Pub. L. 117–58, div. D, title I, §§40104(b), 40109(a), (b), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 932, 944.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (c)(7). Pub. L. 117–58, §40109(a), added par. (7).

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 117–58, §40109(b), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: "programs to increase transportation energy efficiency, including programs to accelerate the use of alternative transportation fuels for State government vehicles, fleet vehicles, taxies, mass transit, and privately owned vehicles;".

Subsec. (d)(17), (18). Pub. L. 117–58, §40104(b), added par. (17) and redesignated former par. (17) as (18).

2005—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 109–58 added subsec. (g).

1998—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–388, §5(a)(8)(A), inserted "of" after "of the implementation".

Subsec. (d)(12). Pub. L. 105–388, §5(a)(8)(B), substituted "subsection (f)(2)" for "subsection (g)".

Subsec. (f)(5)(A). Pub. L. 105–244 substituted "section 1001" for "section 1141(a)".

1992—Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 102–486, §141(c)(1), substituted "and to turn such vehicle left from a one-way street onto a one-way street at a red light after stopping; and" for "; and".

Subsec. (d)(13) to (17). Pub. L. 102–486, §141(b), added pars. (13) to (16) and redesignated former par. (13) as (17).

1990—Subsec. (c)(6). Pub. L. 101–440, §3(a), added par. (6).

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 101–440, §4(a)(1), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: "transportation controls;".

Subsec. (d)(5) to (13). Pub. L. 101–440, §4(a)(3), added pars. (5) to (13) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "any other appropriate method or programs to conserve and to improve efficiency in the use of energy."

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–440, §4(b), added subsec. (f).

1978—Subsecs. (a), (b), (e). Pub. L. 95–619 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator", meaning Administrator of the Federal Energy Administration, wherever appearing.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of Title 20, Education.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Pub. L. 102–486, title I, §141(c)(2), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2841, provided that: "The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall take effect January 1, 1995."

Wage Rate Requirements

For provisions relating to rates of wages to be paid to laborers and mechanics on projects for construction, alteration, or repair work funded under div. D or an amendment by div. D of Pub. L. 117–58, including authority of Secretary of Labor, see section 18851 of this title.

Study Regarding Impact of Permitting Right and Left Turns on Red Lights

Pub. L. 102–486, title I, §141(d), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2841, required the Administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in consultation with State agencies with jurisdiction over traffic safety issues, to conduct a study on the safety impact of the requirement specified in subsec. (c)(5) of this section, particularly with respect to the impact on pedestrian safety, and to report the findings of the study to Congress and the Secretary by not later than 2 years after Oct. 24, 1992.
42 U.S.C. § 1584 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 9: HOUSING OF PERSONS ENGAGED IN NATIONAL DEFENSE / Subchapter VII: DISPOSAL OF WAR AND VETERANS' HOUSING / Section 1584: Removal of all dwelling structures on land under Secretary's control; temporary housing exempted; preference in fulfilling vacancies
Removal of all dwelling structures on land under Secretary's control; temporary housing exempted; preference in fulfilling vacancies
Status: in_force

With respect to temporary housing remaining under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development on land under his control, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall (1) permit vacancies, occurring or continuing after July 1, 1953, to be filled only by transfer of tenants of other accommodations in the same locality being removed as required by subchapters II to VII of this chapter; (2) notify, on or before March 31, 1954, all tenants to vacate the premises prior to July 1, 1954; (3) promptly after July 1, 1954, cause actions to be instituted to evict any tenants still remaining; and (4) remove (by demolition or otherwise) all dwelling structures as soon as practicable after they become vacant: Provided, That in any case where a request for relinquishment or transfer has been filed pursuant to section 1581 of this title and where under the provisions of section 1581(c) of this title the date for compliance with all conditions to the relinquishment or transfer shall have been extended, each of the foregoing dates shall be extended for a period of time equal to the period of the extension under section 1581(c) of this title: And provided further, That nothing heretofore in this section shall apply (1) to any temporary housing in any municipality in which the total number of persons, who on December 31, 1948, were living in temporary family accommodations provided by the United States or any agency thereof since September 8, 1939, exceeds 30 per centum of the total population of such municipality as shown by the 1940 census, nor (2) to any temporary housing as to which the local governing body has adopted a resolution as provided in section 1582(c) of this title, nor (3) to any temporary housing for which a request has been submitted in accordance with section 1581(b) of this title, but which has not been relinquished or transferred solely because the applicant has been unable to obtain from the landowner the right to possession of the land on reasonable terms as determined by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development: Provided, That, in filling vacancies in such housing, the preferences set forth in section 1581(d)(1) of this title shall be applicable and that families within such preference classes shall be eligible for admission to such housing, nor (4) to any temporary housing in which accommodations have been reserved, prior to the enactment of this section, for veterans attending an educational institution if (i) such institution certifies that the accommodations are urgently needed for such veterans and submits facts showing, to the satisfaction of the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, that all reasonable efforts have been made by the institution to find other accommodations for them and (ii) such institution agrees to reimburse the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development for any financial loss to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in the operation of the accommodations after June 30, 1951.

(Oct. 14, 1940, ch. 862, title VI, §604, as added June 28, 1948, ch. 688, §7, as added Apr. 20, 1950, ch. 94, title II, §201, 64 Stat. 59; amended June 30, 1951, ch. 197, 65 Stat. 110; Sept. 1, 1951, ch. 378, title VI, §603(a), 65 Stat. 314; Ex. Ord. No. 10284, §§3–5, eff. Sept. 4, 1951, 16 F.R. 8971; Ex. Ord. No. 10339, eff. Apr. 7, 1952, 17 F.R. 3012; Pub. L. 89–174, §5(a), Sept. 9, 1965, 79 Stat. 669.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Subchapters III and VI of this chapter, referred to in text, were comprised of sections 1531 to 1536 and 1571 to 1576, respectively, of this title and have been omitted from the Code. For further details, see note set out under section 1522 of this title.

Amendments

1951—Act Sept. 1, 1951, repealed former fourth and fifth provisos which related to adjustments in rentals that might be set for Government-owned temporary housing.

Act June 30, 1951, substituted "August 15, 1951" for "July 1, 1951".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions to Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see note set out under section 1581 of this title.

Executive Documents

Executive Order No. 10284

Ex. Ord. No. 10284, Sept. 4, 1951, extended time for filling vacancies from Aug. 15, 1951, to July 1, 1952, for notices to vacate premises from Mar. 31, 1952, to Mar. 31, 1953, for time of vacating from July 1, 1952, to July 1, 1953, and for eviction from July 1, 1952, to July 1, 1953. See note set out under section 1589a of this title.

Executive Order No. 10339

Ex. Ord. No. 10339, Apr. 7, 1952, set out as a note under section 1589a of this title, extended time for filling vacancies from July 1, 1952, to July 1, 1953, for notices to vacate premises from Mar. 31, 1953, to Mar. 31, 1954, for time of vacating from July 1, 1953, to July 1, 1954, and for eviction from July 1, 1953, to July 1, 1954.
42 U.S.C. § 12204 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 126: EQUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES / Subchapter IV: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 12204: Regulations by Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board
Regulations by Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board
Status: in_force

(a) Issuance of guidelines

Not later than 9 months after July 26, 1990, the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board shall issue minimum guidelines that shall supplement the existing Minimum Guidelines and Requirements for Accessible Design for purposes of subchapters II and III of this chapter.

(b) Contents of guidelines

The supplemental guidelines issued under subsection (a) shall establish additional requirements, consistent with this chapter, to ensure that buildings, facilities, rail passenger cars, and vehicles are accessible, in terms of architecture and design, transportation, and communication, to individuals with disabilities.

(c) Qualified historic properties

(1) In general

The supplemental guidelines issued under subsection (a) shall include procedures and requirements for alterations that will threaten or destroy the historic significance of qualified historic buildings and facilities as defined in 4.1.7(1)(a) of the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards.

(2) Sites eligible for listing in National Register

With respect to alterations of buildings or facilities that are eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places under division A of subtitle III of title 54, the guidelines described in paragraph (1) shall, at a minimum, maintain the procedures and requirements established in 4.1.7(1) and (2) of the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards.

(3) Other sites

With respect to alterations of buildings or facilities designated as historic under State or local law, the guidelines described in paragraph (1) shall establish procedures equivalent to those established by 4.1.7(1)(b) and (c) of the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards, and shall require, at a minimum, compliance with the requirements established in 4.1.7(2) of such standards.

(Pub. L. 101–336, title V, §504, July 26, 1990, 104 Stat. 370; Pub. L. 113–287, §5(k)(5), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3270.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 101–336, July 26, 1990, 104 Stat. 327, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 12101 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 113–287 substituted "division A of subtitle III of title 54" for "the National Historic Preservation Act (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.)".
42 U.S.C. § 6041 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 75: PROGRAMS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES / Subchapter III: PROTECTION AND ADVOCACY OF INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS / Section 6041: Repealed. Pub. L. 106-402, title IV, §401(a), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1737
Repealed. Pub. L. 106-402, title IV, §401(a), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1737
Status: repealed

Section 6041, Pub. L. 88–164, title I, §141, as added Pub. L. 98–527, §2, Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2679; amended Pub. L. 103–230, title III, §302, Apr. 6, 1994, 108 Stat. 314, stated the purpose of this subchapter.

A prior section 6041, Pub. L. 88–164, title I, §125, as added Pub. L. 94–103, title I, §105, Oct. 4, 1975, 89 Stat. 488, authorized construction, renovation, or modernization of buildings to be used by university-affiliated facilities, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter II of this chapter by Pub. L. 95–602, title V, §509, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 3008.

Section 6042, Pub. L. 88–164, title I, §142, as added Pub. L. 98–527, §2, Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2679; amended Pub. L. 100–146, title III, §301, Oct. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 851; Pub. L. 101–496, §15, Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1198; Pub. L. 103–230, title III, §303, Apr. 6, 1994, 108 Stat. 314; Pub. L. 105–12, §9(l)(2), Apr. 30, 1997, 111 Stat. 28, related to State systems to protect and advocate the rights of individuals with developmental disabilities.

A prior section 6042, Pub. L. 88–164, title I, §126, as added Pub. L. 94–103, title I, §105, Oct. 4, 1975, 89 Stat. 488, related to grants for projects and to application requirements, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter II of this chapter by Pub. L. 95–602, title V, §509, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 3008.

Section 6043, Pub. L. 88–164, title I, §143, as added Pub. L. 98–527, §2, Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2680; amended Pub. L. 100–146, title III, §302, Oct. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 853; Pub. L. 101–496, §16, Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1200; Pub. L. 103–230, title III, §304, Apr. 6, 1994, 108 Stat. 319; Pub. L. 104–183, §3, Aug. 6, 1996, 110 Stat. 1694, authorized appropriations.

A prior section 6043, Pub. L. 88–164, title I, §127, as added Pub. L. 94–103, title I, §105, Oct. 4, 1975, 89 Stat. 488, authorized appropriations for making payments for construction, renovation, or modernization of buildings, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter II of this chapter by Pub. L. 95–602, title V, §509, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 3008.
42 U.S.C. § 8262g (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 91: NATIONAL ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICY / Subchapter III: FEDERAL ENERGY INITIATIVE / Section 8262g: Procurement and identification of energy efficient products
Procurement and identification of energy efficient products
Status: in_force

(a) Procurement

The Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, each shall undertake a program to include energy efficient products in carrying out their procurement and supply functions.

(b) Identification program

The Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, each shall implement, in conjunction with carrying out their procurement and supply functions, a program to identify and designate those energy efficient products that offer significant potential savings, using, to the extent practicable, the life cycle cost methods and procedures developed under section 8254 of this title. The Secretary of Energy shall, to the extent necessary to carry out this section and after consultation with the aforementioned agency heads, provide estimates of the degree of relative energy efficiency of products.

(c) Guidelines

The Administrator for Federal Procurement Policy, in consultation with the Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, shall issue guidelines to encourage the acquisition and use by all Federal agencies of products identified pursuant to this section. The Secretary of Defense and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency shall consider, and place emphasis on, the acquisition of such products as part of the Agency's ongoing review of military specifications.

(d) Report to Congress

Not later than December 31 of 1993 and thereafter as part of the report required under section 8258(b) of this title, the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Administrator for Federal Procurement Policy, the Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, shall report on the progress, status, activities, and results of the programs under subsections (a), (b), and (c). The report shall include—

(1) the types and functions of each product identified under subsection (b), and efforts undertaken by the Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency to encourage the acquisition and use of such products;

(2) the actions taken by the Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency to identify products under subsection (b), the barriers which inhibit implementation of identification of such products, and recommendations for legislative action, if necessary;

(3) progress on the development and issuance of guidelines under subsection (c);

(4) an indication of whether energy cost savings technologies identified by the Advanced Building Technology Council, under section 1701j–2(h) of title 12, have been used in the identification of products under subsection (b);

(5) an estimate of the potential cost savings to the Federal Government from acquiring products identified under subsection (b) with respect to which energy is a significant component of life cycle cost, based on the quantities of such products that could be utilized throughout the Government; and

(6) the actual quantities acquired of products described in paragraph (5).

(Pub. L. 102–486, title I, §161, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2858; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, §1052(c), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 718.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and not as part of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1995—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–66 substituted "thereafter as part of the report required under section 8258(b) of this title," for "of each year thereafter," in introductory provisions.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions of law requiring submittal to Congress of any annual, semiannual, or other regular periodic report listed in House Document No. 103–7 (in which the 12th item on page 85 identifies a reporting provision which, as subsequently amended, is contained in subsec. (d) of this section), see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

Executive Documents

Executive Order No. 12845

Ex. Ord. No. 12845, Apr. 21, 1993, 58 F.R. 21887, which required Federal agencies to procure computer equipment that met EPA Energy Star requirements for energy efficiency, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13123, §604, June 3, 1999, 64 F.R. 30859, formerly set out as a note under section 8251 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 6602 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 79: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY, ORGANIZATION AND PRIORITIES / Subchapter I: NATIONAL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY AND PRIORITIES / Section 6602: Congressional declaration of policy
Congressional declaration of policy
Status: in_force

(a) Principles

In view of the foregoing, the Congress declares that the United States shall adhere to a national policy for science and technology which includes the following principles:

(1) The continuing development and implementation of strategies for determining and achieving the appropriate scope, level, direction, and extent of scientific and technological efforts based upon a continuous appraisal of the role of science and technology in achieving goals and formulating policies of the United States, and reflecting the views of State and local governments and representative public groups.

(2) The enlistment of science and technology to foster a healthy economy in which the directions of growth and innovation are compatible with the prudent and frugal use of resources and with the preservation of a benign environment.

(3) The conduct of science and technology operations so as to serve domestic needs while promoting foreign policy objectives.

(4) The recruitment, education, training, retraining, and beneficial use of adequate numbers of scientists, engineers, and technologists, and the promotion by the Federal Government of the effective and efficient utilization in the national interest of the Nation's human resources in science, engineering, and technology.

(5) The development and maintenance of a solid base for science and technology in the United States, including: (A) strong participation of and cooperative relationships with State and local governments and the private sector; (B) the maintenance and strengthening of diversified scientific and technological capabilities in government, industry, and the universities, and the encouragement of independent initiatives based on such capabilities, together with elimination of needless barriers to scientific and technological innovation; (C) effective management and dissemination of scientific and technological information; (D) establishment of essential scientific, technical and industrial standards and measurement and test methods; and (E) promotion of increased public understanding of science and technology.

(6) The recognition that, as changing circumstances require periodic revision and adaptation of this subchapter, the Federal Government is responsible for identifying and interpreting the changes in those circumstances as they occur, and for effecting subsequent changes in this subchapter as appropriate.

(b) Implementation

To implement the policy enunciated in subsection (a) of this section, the Congress declares that:

(1) The Federal Government should maintain central policy planning elements in the executive branch which assist Federal agencies in (A) identifying public problems and objectives, (B) mobilizing scientific and technological resources for essential national programs, (C) securing appropriate funding for programs so identified, (D) anticipating future concerns to which science and technology can contribute and devising strategies for the conduct of science and technology for such purposes, (E) reviewing systematically Federal science policy and programs and recommending legislative amendment thereof when needed. Such elements should include an advisory mechanism within the Executive Office of the President so that the Chief Executive may have available independent, expert judgment and assistance on policy matters which require accurate assessments of the complex scientific and technological features involved.

(2) It is a responsibility of the Federal Government to promote prompt, effective, reliable, and systematic transfer of scientific and technological information by such appropriate methods as programs conducted by nongovernmental organizations, including industrial groups and technical societies. In particular, it is recognized as a responsibility of the Federal Government not only to coordinate and unify its own science and technology information systems, but to facilitate the close coupling of institutional scientific research with commercial application of the useful findings of science.

(3) It is further an appropriate Federal function to support scientific and technological efforts which are expected to provide results beneficial to the public but which the private sector may be unwilling or unable to support.

(4) Scientific and technological activities which may be properly supported exclusively by the Federal Government should be distinguished from those in which interests are shared with State and local governments and the private sector. Among these entities, cooperative relationships should be established which encourage the appropriate sharing of science and technology decisionmaking, funding support, and program planning and execution.

(5) The Federal Government should support and utilize engineering and its various disciplines and make maximum use of the engineering community, whenever appropriate, as an essential element in the Federal policymaking process.

(6) Comprehensive legislative support for the national science and technology effort requires that the Congress be regularly informed of the condition, health and vitality, and funding requirements of science and technology, the relation of science and technology to changing national goals, and the need for legislative modification of the Federal endeavor and structure at all levels as it relates to science and technology.

(c) Procedures

The Congress declares that, in order to expedite and facilitate the implementation of the policy enunciated in subsection (a) of this section, the following coordinate procedures are of paramount importance:

(1) Federal procurement policy should encourage the use of science and technology to foster frugal use of materials, energy, and appropriated funds; to assure quality environment; and to enhance product performance.

(2) Explicit criteria, including cost-benefit principles where practicable, should be developed to identify the kinds of applied research and technology programs that are appropriate for Federal funding support and to determine the extent of such support. Particular attention should be given to scientific and technological problems and opportunities offering promise of social advantage that are so long range, geographically widespread, or economically diffused that the Federal Government constitutes the appropriate source for undertaking their support.

(3) Federal promotion of science and technology should emphasize quality of research, recognize the singular importance of stability in scientific and technological institutions, and for urgent tasks, seek to assure timeliness of results. With particular reference to Federal support for basic research, funds should be allocated to encourage education in needed disciplines, to provide a base of scientific knowledge from which future essential technological development can be launched, and to add to the cultural heritage of the Nation.

(4) Federal patent policies should be developed, based on uniform principles, which have as their objective the preservation of incentives for technological innovation and the application of procedures which will continue to assure the full use of beneficial technology to serve the public.

(5) Closer relationships should be encouraged among practitioners of different scientific and technological disciplines, including the physical, social, and biomedical fields.

(6) Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities should assure efficient management of laboratory facilities and equipment in their custody, including acquisition of effective equipment, disposal of inferior and obsolete properties, and cross-servicing to maximize the productivity of costly property of all kinds. Disposal policies should include attention to possibilities for further productive use.

(7) The full use of the contributions of science and technology to support State and local government goals should be encouraged.

(8) Formal recognition should be accorded those persons whose scientific and technological achievements have contributed significantly to the national welfare.

(9) The Federal Government should support applied scientific research, when appropriate, in proportion to the probability of its usefulness, insofar as this probability can be determined; but while maximizing the beneficial consequences of technology, the Government should act to minimize foreseeable injurious consequences.

(10) Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities should establish procedures to insure among them the systematic interchange of scientific data and technological findings developed under their programs.

(Pub. L. 94–282, title I, §102, May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 460.)
42 U.S.C. § 432 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 7: SOCIAL SECURITY / Subchapter II: FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS, AND DISABILITY INSURANCE BENEFITS / Section 432: Processing of tax data
Processing of tax data
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury shall make available information returns filed pursuant to part III of subchapter A of chapter 61 of subtitle F of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, to the Commissioner of Social Security for the purposes of this subchapter and subchapter XI. The Commissioner of Social Security and the Secretary of the Treasury are authorized to enter into an agreement for the processing by the Commissioner of Social Security of information contained in returns filed pursuant to part III of subchapter A of chapter 61 of subtitle F of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 6103(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the Secretary of the Treasury shall make available to the Commissioner of Social Security such documents as may be agreed upon as being necessary for purposes of such processing. For purposes of carrying out the return processing program described in the preceding sentence, the Commissioner of Social Security shall request, not less than annually, such information described in section 7529(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as may be necessary to ensure the accuracy of the records maintained by the Commissioner of Social Security related to the amounts of wages paid to, and the amounts of self-employment income derived by, individuals. The Commissioner of Social Security shall process any withholding tax statements or other documents made available to the Commissioner by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to this section. Any agreement made pursuant to this section shall remain in full force and effect until modified or otherwise changed by mutual agreement of the Commissioner of Social Security and the Secretary of the Treasury.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title II, §232, as added Pub. L. 94–202, §8(b), Jan. 2, 1976, 89 Stat. 1137; amended Pub. L. 103–296, title I, §107(a)(4), title III, §321(c)(6)(L), Aug. 15, 1994, 108 Stat. 1478, 1538; Pub. L. 116–25, title II, §2007(b)(2), July 1, 2019, 133 Stat. 1006.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in text, is classified generally to Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Part III of subchapter A of chapter 61 of subtitle F of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is classified to section 6031 et seq. of Title 26.

Amendments

2019—Pub. L. 116–25 inserted "For purposes of carrying out the return processing program described in the preceding sentence, the Commissioner of Social Security shall request, not less than annually, such information described in section 7529(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as may be necessary to ensure the accuracy of the records maintained by the Commissioner of Social Security related to the amounts of wages paid to, and the amounts of self-employment income derived by, individuals." after "such processing."

1994—Pub. L. 103–296, §321(c)(6)(L), substituted "1986" for "1954" after "Code of" wherever appearing.

Pub. L. 103–296, §107(a)(4), substituted "Commissioner of Social Security" for "Secretary" wherever appearing, except where appearing before "of the Treasury" and substituted "available to the Commissioner" for "available to him".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2019 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 116–25 applicable to determinations made after the date that is 6 months after July 1, 2019, see section 2007(d) of Pub. L. 116–25, set out as a note under section 7529 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by section 107(a)(4) of Pub. L. 103–296 effective Mar. 31, 1995, see section 110(a) of Pub. L. 103–296, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Effective Date

Pub. L. 94–202, §8(c), Jan. 2, 1976, 89 Stat. 1137, provided that: "Section 232 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 432], as added by subsection (b) of this section, shall be effective with respect to statements reporting income received after 1977."
42 U.S.C. § 10606 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 112: VICTIM COMPENSATION AND ASSISTANCE / Section 10606: Repealed. Pub. L. 108-405, title I, §102(c), Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2264
Repealed. Pub. L. 108-405, title I, §102(c), Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2264
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 101–647, title V, §502, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4820, related to rights of crime victims. See section 3771 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
42 U.S.C. § 18751 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 162: ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE / Subchapter III: FUELS AND TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS / Section 18751: Infrastructure planning for micro and small modular nuclear reactors
Infrastructure planning for micro and small modular nuclear reactors
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Advanced nuclear reactor

 The term "advanced nuclear reactor" has the meaning given the term in section 16271(b) of this title.

(2) Isolated community

The term "isolated community" has the meaning given the term in section 17392(a) of this title.

(3) Micro-reactor

The term "micro-reactor" means an advanced nuclear reactor that has an electric power production capacity that is not greater than 50 megawatts.

(4) National Laboratory

The term "National Laboratory" has the meaning given the term in section 15801 of this title.

(5) Small modular reactor

The term "small modular reactor" means an advanced nuclear reactor—

(A) with a rated capacity of less than 300 electrical megawatts; and

(B) that can be constructed and operated in combination with similar reactors at a single site.

(b) Report

Not later than 180 days after November 15, 2021, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committees on Energy and Commerce and Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report that describes how the Department could enhance energy resilience and reduce carbon emissions with the use of micro-reactors and small modular reactors.

(c) Elements

The report required by subsection (b) shall address the following:

(1) An evaluation by the Department of current resilience and carbon reduction requirements for energy for facilities of the Department to determine whether changes are needed to address—

(A) the need to provide uninterrupted power to facilities of the Department for at least 3 days during power grid failures;

(B) the need for protection against cyber threats and electromagnetic pulses; and

(C) resilience to extreme natural events, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, tornados, hurricanes, floods, tsunamis, lahars, landslides, seiches, a large quantity of snowfall, and very low or high temperatures.

(2) A strategy of the Department for using nuclear energy to meet resilience and carbon reduction goals of facilities of the Department.

(3) A strategy to partner with private industry to develop and deploy micro-reactors and small modular reactors to remote communities in order to replace diesel generation and other fossil fuels.

(4) An assessment by the Department of the value associated with enhancing the resilience of a facility of the Department by transitioning to power from micro-reactors and small modular reactors and to co-located nuclear facilities with the capability to provide dedicated power to the facility of the Department during a grid outage or failure.

(5) The plans of the Department—

(A) for deploying a micro-reactor and a small modular reactor to produce energy for use by a facility of the Department in the United States by 2026;

(B) for deploying a small modular reactor to produce energy for use by a facility of the Department in the United States by 2029; and

(C) to include micro-reactors and small modular reactors in the planning for meeting future facility energy needs.

(d) Financial and technical assistance for siting micro-reactors, small modular reactors, and advanced nuclear reactors

(1) In general

The Secretary shall offer financial and technical assistance to entities to conduct feasibility studies for the purpose of identifying suitable locations for the deployment of micro-reactors, small modular reactors, and advanced nuclear reactors in isolated communities.

(2) Requirement

Prior to providing financial and technical assistance under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct robust community engagement and outreach for the purpose of identifying levels of interest in isolated communities.

(3) Limitation

The Secretary shall not disburse more than 50 percent of the amounts available for financial assistance under this subsection to the National Laboratories.

(Pub. L. 117–58, div. D, title III, §40321, Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 1016.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Wage Rate Requirements

For provisions relating to rates of wages to be paid to laborers and mechanics on projects for construction, alteration, or repair work funded under div. D or an amendment by div. D of Pub. L. 117–58, including authority of Secretary of Labor, see section 18851 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 137 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 3A: CANCER / Section 137: Repealed. July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XIII, §1313, 58 Stat. 714
Repealed. July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XIII, §1313, 58 Stat. 714
Status: repealed

Section 137, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §1, 50 Stat. 559, provided for establishment of National Cancer Institute. See section 281 of this title.

Section 137a, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §2, 50 Stat. 559, provided for powers and duties of Surgeon General. See section 282 of this title.

Section 137b, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §3, 50 Stat. 560, provided for establishment of National Advisory Cancer Council. See section 218 of this title.

Section 137c, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §4, 50 Stat. 560, provided for powers and functions of Council. See section 284 of this title.

Section 137d, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §5, 50 Stat. 561, provided for administration of powers by Surgeon General. See section 283 of this title.

Section 137e, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §6, 50 Stat. 561, provided for acceptance of gifts. See section 283 of this title.

Section 137f, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §7, 50 Stat. 561, provided for appropriations. See section 285 of this title.

Section 137g, act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 565, §8, 50 Stat. 562, related to appointment of officers, functions under other provisions, regulations, reports, effective date, and citation. See sections 209, 216, 229, and 286 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Renumbering and Repeal of Repealing Act

Title XIII, §1313, formerly title VI, §611, of act July 1, 1944, which repealed these sections, was renumbered title VII, §711, by act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 958, §5, 60 Stat. 1049; §713, by act Feb. 28, 1948, ch. 83, §9(b), 62 Stat. 47; title VIII, §813, by act July 30, 1956, ch. 779, §3(b), 70 Stat. 721; title IX, §913, by Pub. L. 88–581, §4(b), Sept. 4, 1964, 78 Stat. 919; title X, §1013, by Pub. L. 89–239, §3(b), Oct. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 931; title XI, §1113, by Pub. L. 91–572, §6(b), Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1506; title XII, §1213, by Pub. L. 92–294, §3(b), May 16, 1972, 86 Stat. 137; title XIII, §1313, by Pub. L. 93–154, §2(b)(2), Nov. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 604, and was repealed by Pub. L. 93–222, §7(b), Dec. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 936.
42 U.S.C. § 161 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 5: MATERNITY AND INFANCY WELFARE AND HYGIENE / Section 161: Repealed. Jan. 22, 1927, ch. 53, §2, 44 Stat. 1024, eff. June 30, 1929
Repealed. Jan. 22, 1927, ch. 53, §2, 44 Stat. 1024, eff. June 30, 1929
Status: repealed

Section 161, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §3, 42 Stat. 224, related to creation of Board of Maternity and Infant Hygiene and administration of this chapter by Children's Bureau.

Section 162, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §1, 42 Stat. 224, related to authorization of appropriations.

Section 163, acts Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §2, 42 Stat. 224; Jan. 22, 1927, ch. 53, §1, 44 Stat. 1024, related to amount and apportionment of appropriations.

Section 164, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §4, 42 Stat. 225, related to acceptance of provisions of this chapter by the States.

Section 165, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §5, 42 Stat. 225, related to deduction of administrative expenses from appropriation.

Section 166, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §6, 42 Stat. 225, related to clerical assistants for Children's Bureau.

Section 167, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §7, 42 Stat. 225, related to apportionment of appropriation to States.

Section 168, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §8, 42 Stat. 225, related to submission and approval of plans by States.

Section 169, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §9, 42 Stat. 225, related to power of representatives of Children's Bureau to enter homes and to take charge of children.

Section 170, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §10, 42 Stat. 225, related to certification of amounts apportioned to States.

Section 171, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §11, 42 Stat. 226, related to reports by States.

Section 172, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §12, 42 Stat. 226, related to limitation on expenditure of amounts apportioned to States.

Section 173, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §13, 42 Stat. 226, related to requirement that Children's Bureau perform duties assigned to it by this chapter.

Section 174, act Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 135, §14, 42 Stat. 226, related to construction of this chapter.

Section 175, act Mar. 10, 1924, ch. 46, §3, 43 Stat. 17, related to extension of this chapter to Hawaii.
42 U.S.C. § 10103 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 108: NUCLEAR WASTE POLICY / Section 10103: Territories and possessions
Territories and possessions
Status: in_force

Nothing in this chapter shall be deemed to repeal, modify, or amend the provisions of section 1491 of title 48.

(Pub. L. 97–425, §4, Jan. 7, 1983, 96 Stat. 2205.)
42 U.S.C. § 2465f (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 26: NATIONAL SPACE PROGRAM / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 2465f: Repealed. Pub. L. 111-314, §6, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3444
Repealed. Pub. L. 111-314, §6, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3444
Status: repealed

Section 2465f, Pub. L. 101–611, title II, §206, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3207; Pub. L. 105–303, title II, §203(4), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2855, related to conditions for launching commercial payloads on the space shuttle. See section 70103(b) of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

Section 2466, Pub. L. 99–170, title II, §201, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 Stat. 1017, related to shuttle pricing policy and congressional findings and declaration of purpose.

Section 2466a, Pub. L. 99–170, title II, §202, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 Stat. 1017, related to goals of the reimbursement pricing policy for the Space Transportation System.

Section 2466b, Pub. L. 99–170, title II, §203, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 Stat. 1017, defined "Administrator" and "additive cost".

Section 2466c, Pub. L. 99–170, title II, §204, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 Stat. 1017; Pub. L. 103–437, §15(c)(5), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592, related to duties of Administrator.

Section 2467, Pub. L. 100–404, title II, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1028; Pub. L. 103–327, title III, Sept. 28, 1994, 108 Stat. 2328, related to Science, Space, and Technology Education Trust Fund and Administrator's annual report to Congress. See section 40901 of Title 51.

Section 2467a, Pub. L. 102–195, §20, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1615, related to National Aeronautics and Space Administration Endeavor Teacher Fellowship Trust Fund. See section 40902 of Title 51.

Section 2467b, Pub. L. 102–588, title III, §304, Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5120, related to requirements for merit grant competition. See section 40903(a) to (c) of Title 51.
42 U.S.C. § 3041 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 35: PROGRAMS FOR OLDER AMERICANS / Subchapter V: MULTIPURPOSE SENIOR CENTERS / Section 3041: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-478, title V, §501(a), Oct. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 1558
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-478, title V, §501(a), Oct. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 1558
Status: repealed

Section 3041, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §501, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 50, related to provisions for grants or contracts. See sections 3028 and 3030d(b)(1) of this title.

A prior section 3041, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §501, July 14, 1965, 79 Stat. 224; Pub. L. 91–69, §8, Sept. 17, 1969, 83 Stat. 111, which related to training project grants and contracts, training programs, studies, preparation and dissemination of materials, and conferences, was repealed by Pub. L. 93–29, title IV, §401, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 45.

Section 3041a, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §502, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 50, related to requirements for approval of applications, preferred areas, and agency cooperation.

Section 3041b, Pub. L. 89–73, title V §503, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 51, provided for payments, reservation from appropriations amount of grant or contract, amendments, advances, reimbursement, and installments.

Section 3041c, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §504, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 51, provided for recapture of payments. See section 3030b of this title.

Section 3041d, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §505, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 51; amended Pub. L. 94–135, title I, §112(e), Nov. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 720, provided for authorization of appropriations. See section 3023 of this title.

Section 3041e, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §506, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 51, related to mortgage insurance for Multipurpose Senior Centers.

Section 3041f, Pub. L. 89–73, title V, §507, as added Pub. L. 93–29, title V, §501, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 54; amended Pub. L. 94–135, title I, §114(g), Nov. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 725, related to annual interest grants.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Pub. L. 95–478, title V, §501(a), Oct. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 1558, provided that the repeal by that section is effective at the close of Sept. 30, 1978.
42 U.S.C. § 17014 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 152: ENERGY INDEPENDENCE AND SECURITY / Subchapter I: IMPROVED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY / Section 17014: Research and development into integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid
Research and development into integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall establish a research, development, and demonstration program to advance the integration of electric vehicles, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, onto the electric grid.

(b) Vehicles-to-grid integration assessment report

Not later than 1 year after December 27, 2020, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the results of a study that examines the research, development, and demonstration opportunities, challenges, and standards needed for integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid.

(1) Report requirements

The report shall include—

(A) an evaluation of the use of electric vehicles to maintain the reliability of the electric grid, including—

(i) the use of electric vehicles for demand response, load shaping, emergency power, and frequency regulation; and

(ii) the potential for the reuse of spent electric vehicle batteries for stationary grid storage;

(B) the impact of grid integration on electric vehicles, including—

(i) the impact of bi-directional electricity flow on battery degradation; and

(ii) the implications of the use of electric vehicles for grid services on original equipment manufacturer warranties;

(C) the impacts to the electric grid of increased penetration of electric vehicles, including—

(i) the distribution grid infrastructure needed to support an increase in charging capacity;

(ii) strategies for integrating electric vehicles onto the distribution grid while limiting infrastructure upgrades;

(iii) the changes in electricity demand over a 24-hour cycle due to electric vehicle charging behavior;

(iv) the load increases expected from electrifying the transportation sector;

(v) the potential for customer incentives and other managed charging stations strategies to shift charging off-peak;

(vi) the technology needed to achieve bi-directional power flow on the distribution grid; and

(vii) the implementation of smart charging techniques;

(D) research on the standards needed to integrate electric vehicles with the grid, including communications systems, protocols, and charging stations, in collaboration with the National Institute for Standards and Technology;

(E) the cybersecurity challenges and needs associated with electrifying the transportation sector; and

(F) an assessment of the feasibility of adopting technologies developed under the program established under subsection (a) at Department facilities.

(2) Recommendations

As part of the Vehicles-to-Grid Integration Assessment Report, the Secretary shall develop a 10-year roadmap to guide the research, development, and demonstration program to integrate electric vehicles onto the electric grid.

(3) Consultation

In developing this report, the Secretary shall consult with relevant stakeholders, including—

(A) electric vehicle manufacturers;

(B) electric utilities;

(C) public utility commissions;

(D) vehicle battery manufacturers;

(E) electric vehicle supply equipment manufacturers;

(F) charging infrastructure manufacturers;

(G) the National Laboratories; and

(H) other Federal agencies, as the Secretary determines appropriate.

(4) Updates

The Secretary shall update the report required under this section every 3 years for the duration of the program under section 1 (a) and shall submit the updated report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate.

(c) Program implementation

In carrying out the research, development, demonstration, and commercial application aims of section,2 the Secretary shall—

(1) implement the recommendations set forth in the report in subsection (b); and

(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices at the Department to achieve the goals established in this section, including the Office of Electricity.

(d) Testing capabilities

The Secretary shall coordinate with the National Laboratories to develop testing capabilities for the evaluation, rapid prototyping, and optimization of technologies enabling integration of electric vehicles onto the electric grid.

(Pub. L. 110–140, title I, §137, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title VIII, §8004(c), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2584.)

1 So in original. Probably should be "subsection".

2 So in original. Probably should be "of this section,".
42 U.S.C. § 19182 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 163: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, COMPETITION, AND INNOVATION / Subchapter V: BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE / Section 19182: Research at the National Science Foundation
Research at the National Science Foundation
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to—

(1) conduct research described in subsection (b) with respect to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and

(2) identify and broadly disseminate effective models for programs and practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that promote the education and workforce preparation of minority students pursuing STEM studies and careers in which such students are underrepresented.

(b) Research

Research described in this subsection is research on the contribution of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to the education and training of underrepresented minority students in STEM fields and to the meeting of national STEM workforce needs, including relating to the following:

(1) The diversity with respect to local context, cultural differences, and institutional structure among HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and any associated impact on education and research endeavors.

(2) Effective practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and associated outcomes on student recruitment, retention, and advancement in STEM fields, including the ability for students to compete for fellowships, employment, and advancement in the workforce.

(3) Contributions made by HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to local, regional, and national workforces.

(4) The challenges and opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in attaining the resources needed for integrating effective practices in STEM education, including providing research experiences for underrepresented minority students.

(5) The access of students at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to STEM infrastructure and any associated outcomes for STEM competency.

(6) Models of STEM curriculum, learning, and teaching successful at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs for increasing participation, retention, and success of underrepresented minority students.

(7) Successful or promising partnerships between HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and other institutions of higher education, private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and international research institutions.

(c) Research experiences

Awards under this section may fund the development or expansion of opportunities for the exchange of students and faculty to conduct research, facilitate professional development, and provide mentorship, including through partnerships with institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs, private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and international research institutions.

(Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title V, §10523, Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1622.)
42 U.S.C. § 12870 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 130: NATIONAL AFFORDABLE HOUSING / Subchapter IV: HOPE FOR HOMEOWNERSHIP OF MULTIFAMILY AND SINGLE FAMILY HOMES / Section 12870: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) Fiscal year 1993

There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this title 1 $855,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, of which—

(1) $285,000,000 shall be available for activities authorized under title III of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437aaa et seq.], of which up to $4,500,000 of any amounts appropriated may be made available for technical assistance to potential applicants, applicants and recipients of assistance under this 2 title;

(2) $285,000,000 shall be available for activities authorized under part A, of which up to $3,250,000 of any amounts appropriated may be made available for technical assistance to potential applicants, applicants and recipients of assistance under this 2 part; and

(3) $285,000,000 shall be available for activities under part B, of which up to $2,250,000 of any amounts appropriated may be made available for technical assistance to potential applicants, applicants and recipients of assistance under this 2 part.

Any amount appropriated pursuant to this subsection shall remain available until expended.

(b) Fiscal year 1994

There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this title 1 $883,641,000 for fiscal year 1994, of which—

(1) $294,547,000 shall be available for activities authorized under title III of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437aaa et seq.], up to $4,500,000 of which may be made available for technical assistance to potential applicants, applicants and recipients of assistance under this 2 title;

(2) $294,547,000 shall be available for activities authorized under part A, up to $3,250,000 of which may be made available for technical assistance to potential applicants, applicants and recipients of assistance under this 2 part; and

(3) $294,547,000 shall be available for activities under part B, up to $2,250,000 of which may be made available for technical assistance to potential applicants, applicants and recipients of assistance under this 2 part.

Any amount appropriated pursuant to this subsection shall remain available until expended.

(c) Technical assistance

Technical assistance made available under title III of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437aaa et seq.] or part A or part B of this subchapter may include, but shall not be limited to, training, clearinghouse services, the collection, processing and dissemination of program information useful for local and national program management, and provision of seed money. Such technical assistance may be made available directly, or indirectly under contracts and grants, as appropriate. In any fiscal year, no single applicant, potential applicant, or recipient under title III of the United States Housing Act of 1937, or part A or part B of this subchapter may receive technical assistance in an amount exceeding 20 percent of the total amount made available for technical assistance under such title or part for the fiscal year.

(Pub. L. 101–625, title IV, §402, as added Pub. L. 102–550, title I, §181(a)(1), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3734; amended Pub. L. 109–281, §2(d)(3), Sept. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 1181.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in introductory provisions of subsecs. (a) and (b), is title IV of Pub. L. 101–625, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4148, known as the Homeownership and Opportunity Through HOPE Act, which enacted this subchapter and subchapter II–A (§1437aaa et seq.) of chapter 8 of this title, amended sections 1437c, 1437f, 1437l, 1437p, 1437r, and 1437s of this title and section 1709 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 1437c, 1437aa, and 1437aaa of this title. For complete classification of title IV to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1437aaa of this title and Tables.

The United States Housing Act of 1937, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (b)(1), and (c), is act Sept. 1, 1937, ch. 896, as revised generally by Pub. L. 93–383, title II, §201(a), Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 653. Title III of the Act is classified generally to subchapter II–A (§1437aaa et seq.) of chapter 8 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1437 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–281 struck out the second sentence, which read as follows: "Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to this subsection, up to $40,000,000, but not less than 5 percent, shall be available for activities authorized under part C of this subchapter."

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–281 struck out the second sentence, which read as follows: "Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to this subsection, up to $41,680,000, but not less than 5 percent, shall be available for activities authorized under part C of this subchapter."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

GAO Audit of Technical Assistance Contracts

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, §181(a)(3), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3735, provided that: "The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an audit of all of the technical assistance contracts awarded for fiscal years 1993 and 1994 pursuant to section 402 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act [42 U.S.C. 12870]. The Comptroller General shall submit a report to the Congress describing the results of such audit not later than September 30, 1994."

1 See References in Text note below.

2 So in original. Probably should be "such".
42 U.S.C. § 6250b (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 77: ENERGY CONSERVATION / Subchapter I: DOMESTIC SUPPLY AVAILABILITY / Section 6250b: Conditions for release; plan
Conditions for release; plan
Status: in_force

(a) Finding

The Secretary may sell products from the Reserve only upon a finding by the President that there is a severe energy supply interruption. Such a finding may be made only if he determines that—

(1) a dislocation in the heating oil market has resulted from such interruption; or

(2) a circumstance, other than that described in paragraph (1), exists that constitutes a regional supply shortage of significant scope and duration and that action taken under this section would assist directly and significantly in reducing the adverse impact of such shortage.

(b) Definition

For purposes of this section a "dislocation in the heating oil market" shall be deemed to occur only when—

(1) The price differential between crude oil, as reflected in an industry daily publication such as "Platt's Oilgram Price Report" or "Oil Daily" and No. 2 heating oil, as reported in the Energy Information Administration's retail price data for the Northeast, increases by more than 60 percent over its 5-year rolling average for the months of mid-October through March (considered as a heating season average), and continues for 7 consecutive days; and

(2) The price differential continues to increase during the most recent week for which price information is available.

(c) Continuing evaluation

The Secretary shall conduct a continuing evaluation of the residential price data supplied by the Energy Information Administration for the Northeast and data on crude oil prices from published sources.

(d) Release of petroleum distillate

After consultation with the heating oil industry, the Secretary shall determine procedures governing the release of petroleum distillate from the Reserve. The procedures shall provide that—

(1) the Secretary may—

(A) sell petroleum distillate from the Reserve through a competitive process, or

(B) enter into exchange agreements for the petroleum distillate that results 1 in the Secretary receiving a greater volume of petroleum distillate as repayment than the volume provided to the acquirer;

(2) in all such sales or exchanges, the Secretary shall receive revenue or its equivalent in petroleum distillate that provides the Department with fair market value. At no time may the oil be sold or exchanged resulting in a loss of revenue or value to the United States; and

(3) the Secretary shall only sell or dispose of the oil in the Reserve to entities customarily engaged in the sale and distribution of petroleum distillate.

(e) Plan

Within 45 days of November 9, 2000, the Secretary shall transmit to the President and, if the President approves, to the Congress a plan describing—

(1) the acquisition of storage and related facilities or storage services for the Reserve, including the potential use of storage facilities not currently in use;

(2) the acquisition of petroleum distillate for storage in the Reserve;

(3) the anticipated methods of disposition of petroleum distillate from the Reserve;

(4) the estimated costs of establishment, maintenance, and operation of the Reserve;

(5) efforts the Department will take to minimize any potential need for future drawdowns and ensure that distributors and importers are not discouraged from maintaining and increasing supplies to the Northeast; and

(6) actions to ensure quality of the petroleum distillate in the Reserve.

(Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §183, as added Pub. L. 106–469, title II, §201(a)(3), Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2035; amended Pub. L. 109–58, title III, §301(d), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 684.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2005—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 109–58 substituted "by more than 60 percent over its 5-year rolling average for the months of mid-October through March (considered as a heating season average)" for "by more tan 60 percent over its 5 year rolling average for the months of mid-October through March".

1 So in original. Probably should be "result".
42 U.S.C. § 209d (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 6A: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 209d: Appointment of osteopaths as commissioned officers
Appointment of osteopaths as commissioned officers
Status: in_force

Graduates of colleges of osteopathy whose graduates are eligible for licensure to practice medicine or osteopathy in a majority of the States of the United States, or approved by a body or bodies acceptable to the Secretary, shall be eligible, subject to the other provisions of this Act, for appointment as commissioned medical officers in the Public Health Service.

(Feb. 28, 1948, ch. 83, §5(b), 62 Stat. 40; 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§5, 8, eff. Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.R. 2053, 67 Stat. 631.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is act Feb. 28, 1948, ch. 83, 62 Stat. 38. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

Section was not enacted as a part of the Public Health Service Act which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

"Secretary of Health and Human Services" substituted in text for "Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare" pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L. 96–88, which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20, Education.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions of Public Health Service, Surgeon General of Public Health Service, and all other officers and employees of Public Health Service, and functions of all agencies of or in Public Health Service transferred to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare by Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1966, eff. June 25, 1966, 31 F.R. 8855, 80 Stat. 1610, set out as a note under section 202 of this title.

Functions of Federal Security Administrator transferred to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare and all agencies of Federal Security Agency transferred to Department of Health, Education, and Welfare by section 5 of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1953, set out as a note under section 3501 of this title. Federal Security Agency and office of Administrator abolished by section 8 of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1953.
42 U.S.C. § 15833 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 149: NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY AND PROGRAMS / Subchapter I: ENERGY EFFICIENCY / Section 15833: Energy efficiency pilot program
Energy efficiency pilot program
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall establish a pilot program under which the Secretary provides financial assistance to at least 3, but not more than 7, States to carry out pilot projects in the States for—

(1) planning and adopting statewide programs that encourage, for each year in which the pilot project is carried out—

(A) energy efficiency; and

(B) reduction of consumption of electricity or natural gas in the State by at least 0.75 percent, as compared to a baseline determined by the Secretary for the period preceding the implementation of the program; or

(2) for any State that has adopted a statewide program as of August 8, 2005, activities that reduce energy consumption in the State by expanding and improving the program.

(b) Verification

A State that receives financial assistance under subsection (a)(1) shall submit to the Secretary independent verification of any energy savings achieved through the statewide program.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010, to remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title I, §140, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 647.)
42 U.S.C. § 291f (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 6A: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE / Subchapter IV: CONSTRUCTION AND MODERNIZATION OF HOSPITALS AND OTHER MEDICAL FACILITIES / Section 291f: Payments for construction or modernization
Payments for construction or modernization
Status: in_force

(a) Certification of work by Surgeon General; conditions affecting payments

Upon certification to the Surgeon General by the State agency, based upon inspection by it, that work has been performed upon a project, or purchases have been made, in accordance with the approved plans and specifications, and that payment of an installment is due to the applicant, such installment shall be paid to the State, from the applicable allotment of such State, except that (1) if the State is not authorized by law to make payments to the applicant, or if the State so requests, the payment shall be made directly to the applicant, (2) if the Surgeon General, after investigation or otherwise, has reason to believe that any act (or failure to act) has occurred requiring action pursuant to section 291g of this title, payment may, after he has given the State agency notice of opportunity for hearing pursuant to such section, be withheld, in whole or in part, pending corrective action or action based on such hearing, and (3) the total of payments under this subsection with respect to such project may not exceed an amount equal to the Federal share of the cost of construction of such project.

(b) Additional payments in cases of amended applications

In case an amendment to an approved application is approved as provided in section 291e of this title or the estimated cost of a project is revised upward, any additional payment with respect thereto may be made from the applicable allotment of the State for the fiscal year in which such amendment or revision is approved.

(c) Administration expenses; use of portion of allotments to defray; manner of payment

(1) At the request of any State, a portion of any allotment or allotments of such State under this part shall be available to pay one-half (or such smaller share as the State may request) of the expenditures found necessary by the Surgeon General for the proper and efficient administration during such year of the State plan approved under this part; except that not more than 4 per centum of the total of the allotments of such State for a year, or $100,000, whichever is less, shall be available for such purpose for such year. Payments of amounts due under this paragraph may be made in advance or by way of reimbursement, and in such installments, as the Surgeon General may determine.

(2) Any amount paid under paragraph (1) of this subsection to any State for any fiscal year shall be paid on condition that there shall be expended from State sources for such year for administration of the State plan approved under this part not less than the total amount expended for such purposes from such sources during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1970.

(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title VI, §606, as added Pub. L. 88–443, §3(a), Aug. 18, 1964, 78 Stat. 454; amended Pub. L. 91–296, title I, §112, June 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 340.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 291f, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title VI, §623, as added Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 958, §2, 60 Stat. 1041; amended June 19, 1948, ch. 554, 62 Stat. 536; Oct. 25, 1949, ch. 722, §3(a), 63 Stat. 899, related to State plans, their submission, and their requirements, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 88–443. See section 291d of this title.

Provisions similar to those comprising subsec. (a) of this section were contained in former section 291h(b), acts July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title VI, §625, as added Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 958, §2, 60 Stat. 1041; amended Oct. 25, 1949, ch. 722, §3(b), 63 Stat. 899, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 88–443.

Amendments

1970—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 91–296, §112(1), substituted "4 per centum" for "2 per centum" and "$100,000 for $50,000".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 91–296, §112(2), substituted "June 30, 1970" for "June 30, 1964".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

"Secretary of Health and Human Services" substituted for "Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare" pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L. 96–88, which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20, Education.

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Pub. L. 91–296, title I, §112, June 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 340, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to expenditures under a State plan approved under this subchapter which are made for administration of such plan during any fiscal year beginning after June 30, 1970.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Office of Surgeon General abolished by section 3 of Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1966, eff. June 25, 1966, 31 F.R. 8855, 80 Stat. 1610, and functions thereof transferred to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare by section 1 of Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1966, set out as a note under section 202 of this title. Office of Surgeon General reestablished within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, see Notice of Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, Mar. 30, 1987, 52 F.R. 11754.
42 U.S.C. § 6728 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 80: PUBLIC WORKS EMPLOYMENT / Subchapter II: ANTIRECESSION PROVISIONS / Section 6728: Wage standards for laborers and mechanics; enforcement
Wage standards for laborers and mechanics; enforcement
Status: in_force

All laborers and mechanics employed by contractors on all construction projects funded in whole or in part by payments under this subchapter shall be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar projects in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40. The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this section, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 and section 3145 of title 40.

(Pub. L. 94–369, title II, §208, July 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 1008.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950, referred to in text, is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Codification

In text, "sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40" substituted for "the Davis-Bacon Act (40 U.S.C. 276a to 276a–5)" and "section 3145 of title 40" substituted for "section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c)", on authority of Pub. L. 107–217, §5(c), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1303, the first section of which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works.
42 U.S.C. § 299a (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 6A: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE / Subchapter VII: AGENCY FOR HEALTHCARE RESEARCH AND QUALITY / Section 299a: General authorities
General authorities
Status: in_force

(a) In general

In carrying out section 299(b) of this title, the Director shall conduct and support research, evaluations, and training, support demonstration projects, research networks, and multidisciplinary centers, provide technical assistance, and disseminate information on health care and on systems for the delivery of such care, including activities with respect to—

(1) the quality, effectiveness, efficiency, appropriateness and value of health care services;

(2) quality measurement and improvement;

(3) the outcomes, cost, cost-effectiveness, and use of health care services and access to such services;

(4) clinical practice, including primary care and practice-oriented research;

(5) health care technologies, facilities, and equipment;

(6) health care costs, productivity, organization, and market forces;

(7) health promotion and disease prevention, including clinical preventive services;

(8) health statistics, surveys, database development, and epidemiology; and

(9) medical liability.

(b) Health services training grants

(1) In general

The Director may provide training grants in the field of health services research related to activities authorized under subsection (a), to include pre- and post-doctoral fellowships and training programs, young investigator awards, and other programs and activities as appropriate. In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall make use of funds made available under section 288(d)(3) 1 of this title as well as other appropriated funds.

(2) Requirements

In developing priorities for the allocation of training funds under this subsection, the Director shall take into consideration shortages in the number of trained researchers who are addressing health care issues for the priority populations identified in section 299(c)(1)(B) of this title and in addition, shall take into consideration indications of long-term commitment, amongst applicants for training funds, to addressing health care needs of the priority populations.

(c) Multidisciplinary centers

The Director may provide financial assistance to assist in meeting the costs of planning and establishing new centers, and operating existing and new centers, for multidisciplinary health services research, demonstration projects, evaluations, training, and policy analysis with respect to the matters referred to in subsection (a).

(d) Relation to certain authorities regarding social security

Activities authorized in this section shall be appropriately coordinated with experiments, demonstration projects, and other related activities authorized by the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 301 et seq.] and the Social Security Amendments of 1967. Activities under subsection (a)(2) of this section that affect the programs under titles XVIII, XIX and XXI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq., 1396 et seq., 1397aa et seq.] shall be carried out consistent with section 1142 of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1320b–12].

(e) Disclaimer

The Agency shall not mandate national standards of clinical practice or quality health care standards. Recommendations resulting from projects funded and published by the Agency shall include a corresponding disclaimer.

(f) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section shall be construed to imply that the Agency's role is to mandate a national standard or specific approach to quality measurement and reporting. In research and quality improvement activities, the Agency shall consider a wide range of choices, providers, health care delivery systems, and individual preferences.

(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IX, §902, as added Pub. L. 106–129, §2(a), Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1654; amended Pub. L. 106–525, title II, §201(a)(1), Nov. 22, 2000, 114 Stat. 2505.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 288(d)(3) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–482, title I, §103(b)(47), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688.

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, which is classified generally to chapter 7 (§301 et seq.) of this title. Titles XVIII, XIX, and XXI of the Act are classified generally to subchapters XVIII (§1395 et seq.), XIX (§1396 et seq.), and XXI (§1397aa et seq.), respectively, of chapter 7 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of this title and Tables.

The Social Security Amendments of 1967, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 90–248, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 821. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1968 Amendment note set out under section 1305 of this title and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 299a, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IX, §902, as added Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, §6103(a), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2189; amended Pub. L. 101–639, §3(d), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4603; Pub. L. 102–410, §2(b), Oct. 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 2094, required Administrator to conduct and support research, demonstration projects, evaluations, training, guideline development, and dissemination of information on health care services and on systems for delivery of such services, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 106–129.

Another prior section 299a, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IX, §901, as added Oct. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–239, §2, 79 Stat. 926; amended Oct. 15, 1968, Pub. L. 90–574, title I, §§101, 102, 107, 82 Stat. 1005, 1006; June 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–296, title IV, §401(b)(1)(F), 84 Stat. 352; Oct. 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–515, title I, §103, 84 Stat. 1298; June 18, 1973, Pub. L. 93–45, title I, §110, 87 Stat. 93, authorized appropriations for grants and contracts to carry out purposes of this subchapter and set forth extent of and limitations on grants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–117, §12(d), Oct. 7, 1985, 99 Stat. 495.

A prior section 902 of act July 1, 1944, was classified to section 299b of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–117.

Amendments

2000—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 106–525 struck out heading and text of subsec. (g). Text read as follows: "Beginning with fiscal year 2003, the Director shall annually submit to the Congress a report regarding prevailing disparities in health care delivery as it relates to racial factors and socioeconomic factors in priority populations."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Reducing Administrative Health Care Costs

Pub. L. 103–43, title XIX, §1909, June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 205, as amended by Pub. L. 106–129, §2(b)(2), Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1670; Pub. L. 108–173, title IX, §900(e)(6)(F), Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2374, provided that: "The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and, to the extent possible, in consultation with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, may fund research to develop a text-based standardized billing process, through the utilization of text-based information retrieval and natural language processing techniques applied to automatic coding and analysis of textual patient discharge summaries and other text-based electronic medical records, within a parallel general purpose (shared memory) high performance computing environment. The Secretary shall determine whether such a standardized approach to medical billing, through the utilization of the text-based hospital discharge summary as well as electronic patient records can reduce the administrative billing costs of health care delivery."

Executive Documents

Demonstration Grants for the Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of Alternatives to the Current Medical Liability System

Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 17, 2009, 74 F.R. 48133, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of Health And Human Services

As part of my Administration's ongoing effort to reform our health care system, we have reached out to members of both political parties and listened to the concerns many have raised about the need to improve patient safety and to reform our medical liability system. Between 44,000 and 98,000 patients die each year from medical errors. Many physicians continue to struggle to pay their medical malpractice premiums, which vary tremendously by specialty and by State. The cost of insurance continues to be one of the highest practice expenses for some specialties. And although malpractice premiums do not account for a large percentage of total medical costs, many physicians report that fear of lawsuits leads them to practice defensive medicine, which may contribute to higher costs.

We should explore medical liability reform as one way to improve the quality of care and patient-safety practices and to reduce defensive medicine. But whatever steps we pursue, medical liability reform must be just one part of broader health insurance reform—reform that offers more security and stability to Americans who have insurance, offers insurance to Americans who lack coverage, and slows the growth of health care costs for families, businesses, and government.

In recent years, there have been calls from organizations like The Joint Commission and the Institute of Medicine to begin funding demonstration projects that can test a variety of medical liability models and determine which reforms work. These groups and others have identified several important goals and core commitments of malpractice reform that should serve as a starting point for such projects. We must put patient safety first and work to reduce preventable injuries. We must foster better communication between doctors and their patients. We must ensure that patients are compensated in a fair and timely manner for medical injuries, while also reducing the incidence of frivolous lawsuits. And we must work to reduce liability premiums.

In 1999, the Congress authorized the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, which is located within the Department of Health and Human Services, to support demonstration projects and to evaluate the effectiveness of projects regarding all aspects of health care, including medical liability. I hereby request that you announce, within 30 days of this memorandum, that the Department will make available demonstration grants to States, localities, and health systems for the development, implementation, and evaluation of alternatives to our current medical liability system, consistent with the goals and core commitments outlined above.

This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

Barack Obama.      

1 See References in Text note below.
42 U.S.C. § 6308 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 77: ENERGY CONSERVATION / Subchapter III: IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY / Section 6308: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall report to the Congress and the President either (1) as part of his annual report, or (2) in a separate report submitted annually, on the progress of the program undertaken pursuant to this part and on the energy savings impact of this part. Each such report shall specify the actions undertaken by the Secretary in carrying out this part during the period covered by such report, and those actions which the Secretary was required to take under this part during such period but which were not taken, together with the reasons therefor. Nothing in this section provides a defense or justification for a failure by the Secretary to comply with a nondiscretionary duty as provided for in this part.

(Pub. L. 94–163, title III, §338, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 932; Pub. L. 95–619, title IV, §425(h), title VI, §691(b)(2), Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3266, 3288; Pub. L. 100–12, §10, Mar. 17, 1987, 101 Stat. 124.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1987—Pub. L. 100–12 inserted at end "Nothing in this section provides a defense or justification for a failure by the Secretary to comply with a nondiscretionary duty as provided for in this part."

1978—Pub. L. 95–619 inserted requirement that each report under this section should account for actions taken by the Secretary, as well as actions not taken, during the covered period in carrying out this part and substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator", meaning Administrator of the Federal Energy Administration.
42 U.S.C. § 679b (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 7: SOCIAL SECURITY / Subchapter IV: GRANTS TO STATES FOR AID AND SERVICES TO NEEDY FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN AND FOR CHILD-WELFARE SERVICES / Section 679b: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary, in consultation with Governors, State legislatures, State and local public officials responsible for administering child welfare programs, and child welfare advocates, shall—

(1) develop a set of outcome measures (including length of stay in foster care, number of foster care placements, and number of adoptions) that can be used to assess the performance of States in operating child protection and child welfare programs pursuant to part B and this part to ensure the safety of children;

(2) to the maximum extent possible, the outcome measures should be developed from data available from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System;

(3) develop a system for rating the performance of States with respect to the outcome measures, and provide to the States an explanation of the rating system and how scores are determined under the rating system;

(4) prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to ensure that States provide to the Secretary the data necessary to determine State performance with respect to each outcome measure, as a condition of the State receiving funds under this part;

(5) on May 1, 1999, and annually thereafter, prepare and submit to the Congress a report on the performance of each State on each outcome measure, which shall examine the reasons for high performance and low performance and, where possible, make recommendations as to how State performance could be improved;

(6) include in the report submitted pursuant to paragraph (5) for fiscal year 2007 or any succeeding fiscal year, State-by-State data on—

(A) the percentage of children in foster care under the responsibility of the State who were visited on a monthly basis by the caseworker handling the case of the child;

(B) the total number of visits made by caseworkers on a monthly basis to children in foster care under the responsibility of the State during a fiscal year as a percentage of the total number of the visits that would occur during the fiscal year if each child were so visited once every month while in such care; and

(C) the percentage of the visits that occurred in the residence of the child; and

(7) include in the report submitted pursuant to paragraph (5) for fiscal year 2016 or any succeeding fiscal year, State-by-State data on—

(A) children in foster care who have been placed in a child care institution or other setting that is not a foster family home, including—

(i) with respect to each such placement—

(I) the type of the placement setting, including whether the placement is shelter care, a group home and if so, the range of the child population in the home, a residential treatment facility, a hospital or institution providing medical, rehabilitative, or psychiatric care, a setting specializing in providing prenatal, post-partum, or parenting supports, or some other kind of child-care institution and if so, what kind;

(II) the number of children in the placement setting and the age, race, ethnicity, and gender of each of the children;

(III) for each child in the placement setting, the length of the placement of the child in the setting, whether the placement of the child in the setting is the first placement of the child and if not, the number and type of previous placements of the child, and whether the child has special needs or another diagnosed mental or physical illness or condition; and

(IV) the extent of any specialized education, treatment, counseling, or other services provided in the setting; and

(ii) separately, the number and ages of children in the placements who have a permanency plan of another planned permanent living arrangement; and

(B) children in foster care who are pregnant or parenting.

(b) Consultation on other issues

The Secretary shall consult with States and organizations with an interest in child welfare, including organizations that provide adoption and foster care services, and shall take into account requests from Members of Congress, in selecting other issues to be analyzed and reported on under this section using data available to the Secretary, including data reported by States through the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System and to the National Youth in Transition Database.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IV, §479A, as added Pub. L. 105–89, title II, §203(a), Nov. 19, 1997, 111 Stat. 2126; amended Pub. L. 109–288, §7(c)(2), Sept. 28, 2006, 120 Stat. 1249; Pub. L. 112–34, title I, §106(d), Sept. 30, 2011, 125 Stat. 377; Pub. L. 113–183, title I, §115, Sept. 29, 2014, 128 Stat. 1930; Pub. L. 115–123, div. E, title VII, §50744, Feb. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 260.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(7)(A). Pub. L. 115–123 added cls. (i) and (ii) and struck out former cls. (i) to (vi) which read as follows:

"(i) the number of children in the placements and their ages, including separately, the number and ages of children who have a permanency plan of another planned permanent living arrangement;

"(ii) the duration of the placement in the settings (including for children who have a permanency plan of another planned permanent living arrangement);

"(iii) the types of child care institutions used (including group homes, residential treatment, shelters, or other congregate care settings);

"(iv) with respect to each child care institution or other setting that is not a foster family home, the number of children in foster care residing in each such institution or non-foster family home;

"(v) any clinically diagnosed special need of such children; and

"(vi) the extent of any specialized education, treatment, counseling, or other services provided in the settings; and".

2014—Pub. L. 113–183 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added par. (7) and subsec. (b).

2011—Par. (6)(B), (C). Pub. L. 112–34 added subpar. (B) and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (C).

2006—Par. (6). Pub. L. 109–288 added par. (6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–123 effective as if enacted on Jan. 1, 2018, subject to transition rule and State waiver provisions, see section 50746 of Pub. L. 115–123, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

Effective Date of 2011 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 112–34 effective Oct. 1, 2011, and applicable to payments under this part and part B of this subchapter for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, without regard to whether implementing regulations have been promulgated, and with delay permitted if State legislation is required to meet additional requirements, see section 107 of Pub. L. 112–34, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–288 effective Oct. 1, 2006, and applicable to payments under this part and part B of this subchapter for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, without regard to whether implementing regulations have been promulgated, and with delay permitted if State legislation is required to meet additional requirements, see section 12(a), (b) of Pub. L. 109–288, set out as a note under section 621 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Nov. 19, 1997, except as otherwise provided, with delay permitted if State legislation is required, see section 501 of Pub. L. 105–89, set out as an Effective Date of 1997 Amendments note under section 622 of this title.

Development of Performance-Based Incentive System

Pub. L. 105–89, title II, §203(b), Nov. 19, 1997, 111 Stat. 2127, provided that: "The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with State and local public officials responsible for administering child welfare programs and child welfare advocates, shall study, develop, and recommend to Congress an incentive system to provide payments under parts B and E of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 620 et seq., 670 et seq.) to any State based on the State's performance under such a system. Such a system shall, to the extent the Secretary determines feasible and appropriate, be based on the annual report required by section 479A of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 679b] (as added by subsection (a) of this section) or on any proposed modifications of the annual report. Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 19, 1997], the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate a progress report on the feasibility, timetable, and consultation process for conducting such a study. Not later than 15 months after such date of enactment, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate the final report on a performance-based incentive system. The report may include other recommendations for restructuring the program and payments under parts B and E of title IV of the Social Security Act."
42 U.S.C. § 1397h (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 7: SOCIAL SECURITY / Subchapter XX: BLOCK GRANTS AND PROGRAMS FOR SOCIAL SERVICES AND ELDER JUSTICE / Section 1397h: Program for early detection of certain medical conditions related to environmental health hazards
Program for early detection of certain medical conditions related to environmental health hazards
Status: in_force

(a) Program establishment

The Secretary shall establish a program in accordance with this section to make competitive grants to eligible entities specified in subsection (b) for the purpose of—

(1) screening at-risk individuals (as defined in subsection (c)(1)) for environmental health conditions (as defined in subsection (c)(3)); and

(2) developing and disseminating public information and education concerning—

(A) the availability of screening under the program under this section;

(B) the detection, prevention, and treatment of environmental health conditions; and

(C) the availability of Medicare benefits for certain individuals diagnosed with environmental health conditions under section 1395rr–1 of this title.

(b) Eligible entities

(1) In general

For purposes of this section, an eligible entity is an entity described in paragraph (2) which submits an application to the Secretary in such form and manner, and containing such information and assurances, as the Secretary determines appropriate.

(2) Types of eligible entities

The entities described in this paragraph are the following:

(A) A hospital or community health center.

(B) A Federally qualified health center.

(C) A facility of the Indian Health Service.

(D) A National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center.

(E) An agency of any State or local government.

(F) A nonprofit organization.

(G) Any other entity the Secretary determines appropriate.

(c) Definitions

In this section:

(1) At-risk individual

The term "at-risk individual" means an individual who—

(A)(i) as demonstrated in such manner as the Secretary determines appropriate, has been present for an aggregate total of 6 months in the geographic area subject to an emergency declaration specified under paragraph (2), during a period ending—

(I) not less than 10 years prior to the date of such individual's application under subparagraph (B); and

(II) prior to the implementation of all the remedial and removal actions specified in the Record of Decision for Operating Unit 4 and the Record of Decision for Operating Unit 7; or

(ii) meets such other criteria as the Secretary determines appropriate considering the type of environmental health condition at issue; and

(B) has submitted an application (or has an application submitted on the individual's behalf), to an eligible entity receiving a grant under this section, for screening under the program under this section.

(2) Emergency declaration

The term "emergency declaration" means a declaration of a public health emergency under section 9604(a) of this title.

(3) Environmental health condition

The term "environmental health condition" means—

(A) asbestosis, pleural thickening, or pleural plaques, as established by—

(i) interpretation by a "B Reader" qualified physician of a plain chest x-ray or interpretation of a computed tomographic radiograph of the chest by a qualified physician, as determined by the Secretary; or

(ii) such other diagnostic standards as the Secretary specifies;

(B) mesothelioma, or malignancies of the lung, colon, rectum, larynx, stomach, esophagus, pharynx, or ovary, as established by—

(i) pathologic examination of biopsy tissue;

(ii) cytology from bronchioalveolar lavage; or

(iii) such other diagnostic standards as the Secretary specifies; and

(C) any other medical condition which the Secretary determines is caused by exposure to a hazardous substance or pollutant or contaminant at a Superfund site to which an emergency declaration applies, based on such criteria and as established by such diagnostic standards as the Secretary specifies.

(4) Hazardous substance; pollutant; contaminant

The terms "hazardous substance", "pollutant", and "contaminant" have the meanings given those terms in section 9601 of this title.

(5) Superfund site

The term "Superfund site" means a site included on the National Priorities List developed by the President in accordance with section 9605(a)(8)(B) of this title.

(d) Health coverage unaffected

Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect any coverage obligation of a governmental or private health plan or program relating to an at-risk individual.

(e) Funding

(1) In general

Out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, there are appropriated to the Secretary, to carry out the program under this section—

(A) $23,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2010 through 2014; and

(B) $20,000,000 for each 5-fiscal year period thereafter.

(2) Availability

Funds appropriated under paragraph (1) shall remain available until expended.

(f) Nonapplication

(1) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (2), the preceding sections of this subchapter shall not apply to grants awarded under this section.

(2) Limitations on use of grants

Section 1397d(a) of this title shall apply to a grant awarded under this section to the same extent and in the same manner as such section applies to payments to States under this subchapter, except that paragraph (4) of such section shall not be construed to prohibit grantees from conducting screening for environmental health conditions as authorized under this section.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title XX, §2009, as added Pub. L. 111–148, title X, §10323(b), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 957.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 111–148, title X, §10323(b), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 957, which directed amendment of title XX of act Aug. 14, 1935, by adding this section at the end, was executed by adding this section at the end of subtitle A of title XX of that Act, which is this division, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 7278a (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 84: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY / Subchapter VI: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 7278a: Availability of funds for energy and water development for multiyear contracts, grants, or cooperative agreements of $1,000,000 or less
Availability of funds for energy and water development for multiyear contracts, grants, or cooperative agreements of $1,000,000 or less
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding section 301(c) of this Act, none of the funds made available under the heading "Department of Energy—Energy Programs—Science" in this or any subsequent Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies appropriations Act for any fiscal year may be used for a multiyear contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or Other Transaction Agreement of $1,000,000 or less unless the contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or Other Transaction Agreement is funded for the full period of performance as anticipated at the time of award.

(Pub. L. 114–113, div. D, title III, §306, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2418.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 301(c) of this Act, referred to in text, means section 301(c) of Pub. L. 114–113, div. D, title III, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2416, which is not classified to the Code.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2016, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016, and not as part of the Department of Energy Organization Act which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 3939 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 49: NATIONAL HOUSING PARTNERSHIPS / Section 3939: Applicability of antitrust laws
Applicability of antitrust laws
Status: in_force

Nothing contained herein shall affect the applicability of the Federal antitrust laws to the activities of the corporation and the partnership created under this chapter and of the persons participating therein or in partnerships, limited partnerships, or joint ventures with either of them.

(Pub. L. 90–448, title IX, §909, Aug. 1, 1968, 82 Stat. 550.)
42 U.S.C. § 280n (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 6A: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE / Subchapter II: GENERAL POWERS AND DUTIES / Section 280n: National Parkinson's Project
National Parkinson's Project
Status: in_force

(a) Definition of Parkinson's

In this section, the term "Parkinson's" means—

(1) Parkinson's disease; and

(2) all other neurodegenerative Parkinsonisms, including multiple system atrophy, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Parkinson's-related dementia.

(b) Establishment

The Secretary shall carry out a national project, to be known as the National Parkinson's Project (referred to in this section as the "Project"), to prevent, diagnose, treat, and cure Parkinson's.

(c) Activities carried out through Project

In carrying out the Project, the Secretary shall—

(1) create, maintain, and periodically update an integrated national plan to prevent, diagnose, treat, and cure Parkinson's, ameliorate symptoms, and slow or stop progression;

(2) carry out the annual assessment under subsection (d);

(3) provide information, including—

(A) an estimate of the level of current Federal investment in preventing, diagnosing, treating, and curing Parkinson's, ameliorating symptoms, and slowing or stopping progression; and

(B) if applicable, an estimate of the investment necessary to prevent, diagnose, treat, and cure Parkinson's, ameliorate symptoms, and slow or stop progression;

(4) coordinate research and services across all Federal agencies related to Parkinson's;

(5) encourage the development of safe and effective treatments, strategies, and other approaches to prevent, diagnose, treat, and cure Parkinson's, ameliorate symptoms, and slow or stop progression;

(6) improve the—

(A) early diagnosis of Parkinson's; and

(B) coordination of the care and treatment of individuals with Parkinson's;

(7) review the impact of Parkinson's on the physical, mental, and social health of individuals living with Parkinson's and their caregivers and families;

(8) coordinate with international bodies, to the extent possible, to integrate and inform the mission to prevent, diagnose, treat, and cure Parkinson's, ameliorate symptoms, and slow or stop progression globally; and

(9) to the extent practicable, collaborate with other entities to prevent duplication of existing research activities for related disorders.

(d) Annual assessment

Not later than 24 months after July 2, 2024, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall carry out an assessment of the Nation's progress in preparing for, and responding to, the escalating burden of Parkinson's, including—

(1) recommendations for priority actions based on the assessment;

(2) a description of any steps that are planned or have already been taken to implement such recommendations, including whether such recommendations can be implemented under existing law; and

(3) such other items as the Secretary determines appropriate.

(e) Advisory Council

(1) In general

The Secretary shall establish and maintain an Advisory Council on Parkinson's Research, Care, and Services (referred to in this section as the "Advisory Council") to advise the Secretary on Parkinson's-related issues.

(2) Membership

(A) Federal members

The Advisory Council shall be comprised of experts, to be appointed by the Secretary, who collectively are from various backgrounds and perspectives, including at least one member from each of—

(i) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;

(ii) the Administration on Community Living;

(iii) the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services;

(iv) the National Institutes of Health;

(v) the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality;

(vi) the Department of Veterans Affairs;

(vii) the Food and Drug Administration;

(viii) the National Science Foundation;

(ix) the Department of Defense;

(x) the Environmental Protection Agency;

(xi) the Office of Minority Health;

(xii) the Indian Health Service;

(xiii) the Office of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service; and

(xiv) other relevant Federal departments and agencies as determined by the Secretary.

(B) Non-federal members

In addition to the members listed in subparagraph (A), the Advisory Council shall include 10 expert members, to be appointed by the Secretary, who shall include representatives of minority communities, communities disproportionately affected by Parkinson's, and communities underrepresented in Parkinson's research, who shall each be from outside the Federal Government, and who shall include—

(i) 2 Parkinson's patient advocates, at least 1 of whom is living with young-onset Parkinson's;

(ii) 1 Parkinson's family caregiver;

(iii) 1 health care provider;

(iv) 2 biomedical researchers with Parkinson's-related expertise in basic, translational, clinical, or drug development science;

(v) 1 movement disorder specialist who treats Parkinson's patients;

(vi) 1 dementia specialist who treats Parkinson's patients; and

(vii) 2 representatives from nonprofit organizations that have demonstrated experience in Parkinson's-related research or Parkinson's-related patient care and other services.

(C) Representation

The Secretary shall ensure that the members of the Advisory Council are collectively representative of agencies, professions, individuals, and entities concerned with, or affected by, activities under this section.

(3) Meetings

(A) Frequency

The Advisory Council shall meet—

(i) at least once each quarter during the 2-year period beginning on the date on which the Advisory Council is established; and

(ii) at the Secretary's discretion after such period.

(B) Annual research meeting

Not later than 24 months after July 2, 2024, and every year thereafter, the Advisory Council shall convene a meeting of Federal and non-Federal organizations to discuss Parkinson's research.

(C) Open meetings

The meetings under subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall be open to the public.

(4) Annual report

Not later than 18 months after July 2, 2024, and every year thereafter, the Advisory Council shall provide to the Secretary and Congress a report containing—

(A) a list of all federally-funded efforts in Parkinson's research, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, clinical care, and institutional-, home-, and community-based programs and the outcomes of such efforts;

(B) recommendations for priority actions to expand, eliminate, coordinate, refocus, streamline, or condense Federal programs based on each program's performance, mission, scope, and purpose;

(C) recommendations to—

(i) reduce the financial impact of Parkinson's on families living with Parkinson's;

(ii) improve health outcomes for, and the quality of life of, individuals living with Parkinson's;

(iii) prevent Parkinson's, ameliorate symptoms, and slow or stop progression;

(iv) improve the quality of care provided to beneficiaries with Parkinson's who receive coverage through a federally-funded health care program, such as the Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.] or the Medicaid program under title XIX of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.];

(v) research the association between environmental triggers and Parkinson's to help reduce exposure to potential triggers; and

(vi) research and better understand the underlying factors contributing to Parkinson's;

(D) priority actions to improve all federally-funded efforts in Parkinson's research, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, clinical care, and institutional-, home-, and community-based programs;

(E) an evaluation of the implementation, including outcomes, of the national plan under subsection (c)(1); and

(F) implementation steps to address the recommendations and priority actions under subparagraphs (B), (C), and (D), based in part on the evaluation under subparagraph (E).

(5) Termination

The Advisory Council shall terminate at the end of calendar year 2035.

(f) Information sharing

Each Federal department and agency that has information relating to Parkinson's shall share such information with the Secretary consistent with the statutory obligations of such department or agency regarding disclosure of information, as necessary to enable the Secretary to complete a report under subsection (e)(4).

(g) Sunset

The section shall cease to be effective at the end of calendar year 2035.

(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, §399OO, as added Pub. L. 118–66, §2, July 2, 2024, 138 Stat. 1443.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(C)(iv), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620. Titles XVIII and XIX of the Act are classified generally to subchapters XVIII (§1395 et seq.) and XIX (§1396 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 7 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 8262 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 91: NATIONAL ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICY / Subchapter III: FEDERAL ENERGY INITIATIVE / Section 8262: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subtitle— 1

(1) the term "agency" means 2 has the meaning given such term in section 551(1) of title 5, except that such term does not include the United States Postal Service;

(2) the term "facility energy supervisor" means the employee with responsibility for the daily operations of a Federal facility, including the management, installation, operation, and maintenance of energy systems in Federal facilities which may include more than one building;

(3) the term "trained energy manager" means a person who has demonstrated proficiency, or who has completed a course of study in the areas of fundamentals of building energy systems, building energy codes and applicable professional standards, energy accounting and analysis, life-cycle cost methodology, fuel supply and pricing, and instrumentation for energy surveys and audits;

(4) the term "Task Force" means the Interagency Energy Management Task Force established under section 8257 of this title; and

(5) the term "energy conservation measures" has the meaning given such term in section 8259(4) of this title.

(Pub. L. 102–486, title I, §151, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2843.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subtitle, referred to in text, is subtitle F (§§151–168) of title I of Pub. L. 102–486, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2843, which enacted this section and sections 8258a, 8258b, 8262a to 8262k of this title, amended sections 8252 to 8256, 8258, 8259, 8287, and 8287c of this title and section 490 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, enacted provisions set out as notes under section 8262h of this title and former section 1815 of Title 2, The Congress, and repealed provisions set out as a note under section 8253 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle F to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and not as part of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act which comprises this chapter.

1 See References in Text note below.

2 So in original. The word "means" probably should not appear.
42 U.S.C. § 6623 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 79: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY, ORGANIZATION AND PRIORITIES / Subchapter II: OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY / Section 6623: Interagency public access committee
Interagency public access committee
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Director shall establish a working group under the National Science and Technology Council with the responsibility to coordinate Federal science agency research and policies related to the dissemination and long-term stewardship of the results of unclassified research, including digital data and peer-reviewed scholarly publications, supported wholly, or in part, by funding from the Federal science agencies.

(b) Responsibilities

The working group shall—

(1) identify the specific objectives and public interests that need to be addressed by any policies coordinated under (a);

(2) take into account inherent variability among Federal science agencies and scientific disciplines in the nature of research, types of data, and dissemination models;

(3) coordinate the development or designation of standards for research data, the structure of full text and metadata, navigation tools, and other applications to maximize interoperability across Federal science agencies, across science and engineering disciplines, and between research data and scholarly publications, taking into account existing consensus standards, including international standards;

(4) coordinate Federal science agency programs and activities that support research and education on tools and systems required to ensure preservation and stewardship of all forms of digital research data, including scholarly publications;

(5) work with international science and technology counterparts to maximize interoperability between United States based unclassified research databases and international databases and repositories;

(6) solicit input and recommendations from, and collaborate with, non-Federal stakeholders, including the public, universities, nonprofit and for-profit publishers, libraries, federally funded and non federally 1 funded research scientists, and other organizations and institutions with a stake in long term preservation and access to the results of federally funded research;

(7) establish priorities for coordinating the development of any Federal science agency policies related to public access to the results of federally funded research to maximize the benefits of such policies with respect to their potential economic or other impact on the science and engineering enterprise and the stakeholders thereof;

(8) take into consideration the distinction between scholarly publications and digital data;

(9) take into consideration the role that scientific publishers play in the peer review process in ensuring the integrity of the record of scientific research, including the investments and added value that they make; and

(10) examine Federal agency practices and procedures for providing research reports to the agencies charged with locating and preserving unclassified research.

(c) Patent or copyright law

Nothing in this section shall be construed to undermine any right under the provisions of title 17 or 35.

(d) Application with existing law

Nothing defined in section (b) shall be construed to affect existing law with respect to Federal science agencies' policies related to public access.

(e) Report to Congress

Not later than 1 year after January 4, 2011, the Director shall transmit a report to Congress describing—

(1) the specific objectives and public interest identified under (b)(1);

(2) any priorities established under subsection (b)(7);

(3) the impact the policies described under (a) have had on the science and engineering enterprise and the stakeholders, including the financial impact on research budgets;

(4) the status of any Federal science agency policies related to public access to the results of federally funded research; and

(5) how any policies developed or being developed by Federal science agencies, as described in subsection (a), incorporate input from the non-Federal stakeholders described in subsection (b)(6).

(f) Federal science agency defined

For the purposes of this section, the term "Federal science agency" means any Federal agency with an annual extramural research expenditure of over $100,000,000.

(Pub. L. 111–358, title I, §103, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3986.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, also known as the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Reauthorization Act of 2010, and not as part of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition

For definition of "Director" as used in this section, see section 2 of Pub. L. 111–358, set out as a note under section 6621 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "non-federally".
42 U.S.C. § 284r (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 6A: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE / Subchapter III: NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES / Section 284r: Basic research
Basic research
Status: in_force

(1) Developing policies

Not later than 2 years after December 13, 2016, the Director of the National Institutes of Health (referred to in this section as the "Director of the National Institutes of Health"), taking into consideration the recommendations developed under section 2039,1 shall develop policies for projects of basic research funded by National Institutes of Health to assess—

(A) relevant biological variables including sex, as appropriate; and

(B) how differences between male and female cells, tissues, or animals may be examined and analyzed.

(2) Revising policies

The Director of the National Institutes of Health may update or revise the policies developed under paragraph (1) as appropriate.

(3) Consultation and outreach

In developing, updating, or revising the policies under this section, the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall—

(A) consult with—

(i) the Office of Research on Women's Health;

(ii) the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare; and

(iii) appropriate members of the scientific and academic communities; and

(B) conduct outreach to solicit feedback from members of the scientific and academic communities on the influence of sex as a variable in basic research, including feedback on when it is appropriate for projects of basic research involving cells, tissues, or animals to include both male and female cells, tissues, or animals.

(4) Additional requirements

The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall—

(A) ensure that projects of basic research funded by the National Institutes of Health are conducted in accordance with the policies developed, updated, or revised under this section, as applicable; and

(B) encourage that the results of such research, when published or reported, be disaggregated as appropriate with respect to the analysis of any sex differences.

(Pub. L. 114–255, div. A, title II, §2038(g), Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1066.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 2039, referred to in par. (1), is section 2039 of Pub. L. 114–255, which is set out as a note under section 282 of this title.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the 21st Century Cures Act, and not as part of the Public Health Service Act which comprises this chapter.

1 See References in Text note below.
42 U.S.C. § 2139 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 23: DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL OF ATOMIC ENERGY / Subchapter IX / Section 2139: Component and other parts of facilities
Component and other parts of facilities
Status: in_force

(a) Licenses for domestic activities

With respect to those utilization and production facilities which are so determined by the Commission pursuant to section 2014(v)(2) or 2014(cc)(2) of this title the Commission may issue general licenses for domestic activities required to be licensed under section 2131 of this title, if the Commission determines in writing that such general licensing will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security.

(b) Export licenses

After consulting with the Secretaries of State, Energy, and Commerce, the Commission is authorized and directed to determine which component parts as defined in section 2014(v)(2) or 2014(cc)(2) of this title and which other items or substances are especially relevant from the standpoint of export control because of their significance for nuclear explosive purposes. Except as provided in section 2155(b)(2) of this title, no such component, substance, or item which is so determined by the Commission shall be exported unless the Commission issues a general or specific license for its export after finding, based on a reasonable judgment of the assurances provided and other information available to the Federal Government, including the Commission, that the following criteria or their equivalent are met: (1) IAEA safeguards as required by Article III (2) of the Treaty will be applied with respect to such component, substance, or item; (2) no such component, substance, or item will be used for any nuclear explosive device or for research on or development of any nuclear explosive device; and (3) no such component, substance, or item will be retransferred to the jurisdiction of any other nation or group of nations unless the prior consent of the United States is obtained for such retransfer; and after determining in writing that the issuance of each such general or specific license or category of licenses will not be inimical to the common defense and security: Provided, That a specific license shall not be required for an export pursuant to this section if the component, item or substance is covered by a facility license issued pursuant to section 2155 of this title.

(c) Exports inimical to common defense and security of United States

The Commission shall not issue an export license under the authority of subsection (b) if it is advised by the executive branch, in accordance with the procedures established under section 2155(a) of this title, that the export would be inimical to the common defense and security of the United States.

(Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, title I, §109, as added Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, §1, 68 Stat. 939; amended Pub. L. 87–615, §9, Aug. 29, 1962, 76 Stat. 411; Pub. L. 89–645, §1(b), Oct. 13, 1966, 80 Stat. 891; Pub. L. 95–242, title III, §309(a), Mar. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 141; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 102–486, title IX, §902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2944; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, title XII, §1225(d)(2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–774.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–277 struck out "and the Director" after "Energy, and Commerce".

1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–242 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and substituted "the Commission may issue general licenses for domestic activities required to be licensed under section 2131 of this title, if the Commission determines in writing that such general licensing will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security" for "the Commission may (a) issue general licenses for activities required to be licensed under section 2131 of this title, if the Commission determines in writing that such general licensing will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security, and (b) issue licenses for the export of such facilities, if the Commission determines in writing that each export will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security".

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 95–242 added subsecs. (b) and (c).

1966—Pub. L. 89–645 substituted "section 2014(v)(2) or 2014 (cc)(2)" for "section 2014(t)(2) or 2014(aa)(2)".

1962—Pub. L. 87–615 substituted "section 2014(t)(2) or 2014(aa)(2)" for "section 2014(p)(2) or 2014(v)(2)".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective on earlier of Apr. 1, 1999, or date of abolition of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency pursuant to reorganization plan described in section 6601 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, see section 1201 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6511 of Title 22.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–242 effective Mar. 10, 1978, except as otherwise provided and regardless of any requirement for the promulgation of implementing regulations, see section 603(c) of Pub. L. 95–242, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3201 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Exports Contracted for Prior to Nov. 1, 1977, Made Within One Year of Mar. 10, 1978; Savings Provision

Pub. L. 95–242, title III, §309(d), Mar. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 142, provided that: "The amendments to section 109 of the 1954 Act [42 U.S.C. 2139] made by this section shall not affect the approval of exports contracted for prior to November 1, 1977, which are made within one year of the date of enactment of such amendments [Mar. 10, 1978]."

Executive Documents

Performance of Functions Pending Development of Procedures

The performance of functions under this chapter, as amended by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95–242, Mar. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 120, not to be delayed pending development of procedures even though as many as 120 days [after Mar. 10, 1978] are allowed for establishing those procedures, see section 5(b) of Ex. Ord. No. 12058, May 11, 1978, 43 F.R. 20947, set out under section 3201 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
42 U.S.C. § 15873 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 149: NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY AND PROGRAMS / Subchapter II: RENEWABLE ENERGY / Section 15873: Deposit and use of geothermal lease revenues for 5 fiscal years
Deposit and use of geothermal lease revenues for 5 fiscal years
Status: in_force

(a) Deposit of geothermal resources leases

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, amounts received by the United States in the first 5 fiscal years beginning after August 8, 2005, as rentals, royalties, and other payments required under leases under the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 [30 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.], excluding funds required to be paid to State and county governments, shall be deposited into a separate account in the Treasury.

(b) Use of deposits

Amounts deposited under subsection (a) shall be available to the Secretary of the Interior for expenditure, without further appropriation and without fiscal year limitation, to implement the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 [30 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.] and this Act.

(c) Transfer of funds

For the purposes of coordination and processing of geothermal leases and geothermal use authorizations on Federal land the Secretary of the Interior may authorize the expenditure or transfer of such funds as are necessary to the Forest Service.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title II, §234, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 671.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Geothermal Steam Act of 1970, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is Pub. L. 91–581, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1566, which is classified principally to chapter 23 (§1001 et seq.) of Title 30, Mineral Lands and Mining. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of Title 30 and Tables.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 109–58, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 594, known as the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which enacted this chapter and enacted, amended, and repealed numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 15801 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 10411 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 110: FAMILY VIOLENCE PREVENTION AND SERVICES / Section 10411: Grants to State Domestic Violence Coalitions
Grants to State Domestic Violence Coalitions
Status: in_force

(a) Grants

The Secretary shall award grants for the funding of State Domestic Violence Coalitions.

(b) Allotment of funds

(1) In general

From the amount appropriated under section 10403(a)(2)(D) of this title for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and each of the covered territories an amount equal to 1/56 of the amount so appropriated for such fiscal year.

(2) Definition

For purposes of this subsection, the term "covered territories" means Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

(c) Application

Each State Domestic Violence Coalition desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary determines to be essential to carry out the objectives of this section. The application submitted by the coalition for the grant shall provide documentation of the coalition's work, satisfactory to the Secretary, demonstrating that the coalition—

(1) meets all of the applicable requirements set forth in this chapter; and

(2) demonstrates the ability to conduct appropriately all activities described in this section, as indicated by—

(A) documented experience in administering Federal grants to conduct the activities described in subsection (d); or

(B) a documented history of active participation in the activities described in paragraphs (1), (3), (4), and (5) of subsection (d) and a demonstrated capacity to conduct the activities described in subsection (d)(2).

(d) Use of funds

A coalition that receives a grant under this section shall use the grant funds for administration and operations to further the purposes of family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence intervention and prevention, through activities that shall include—

(1) working with local family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence service programs and providers of direct services to encourage appropriate and comprehensive responses to family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence against adults or youth within the State involved, including providing training and technical assistance and conducting State needs assessments;

(2) participating in planning and monitoring the distribution of subgrants and subgrant funds within the State under section 10408(a) of this title;

(3) working in collaboration with service providers and community-based organizations to address the needs of family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence victims, and their dependents, who are members of racial and ethnic minority populations and underserved populations;

(4) collaborating with and providing information to entities in such fields as housing, health care, mental health, social welfare, or business to support the development and implementation of effective policies, protocols, and programs that address the safety and support needs of adult and youth victims of family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence;

(5) encouraging appropriate responses to cases of family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence against adults or youth, including by working with judicial and law enforcement agencies;

(6) working with family law judges, criminal court judges, child protective service agencies, and children's advocates to develop appropriate responses to child custody and visitation issues in cases of child exposure to family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence and in cases in which—

(A) family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence is present; and

(B) child abuse is present;

(7) providing information to the public about prevention of family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence, including information targeted to underserved populations; and

(8) collaborating with Indian tribes and tribal organizations (and corresponding Native Hawaiian groups or communities) to address the needs of Indian (including Alaska Native) and Native Hawaiian victims of family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence, as applicable in the State.

(e) Limitation on use of funds

A coalition that receives a grant under this section shall not be required to use funds received under this chapter for the purposes described in paragraph (5) or (6) of subsection (d) if the coalition provides an annual assurance to the Secretary that the coalition is—

(1) using funds received under section 2001(c)(1) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(c)(1)) 1 for such purposes; and

(2) coordinating the activities carried out by the coalition under subsection (d) with the State's activities under part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg et seq.) 1 that address those purposes.

(f) Prohibition on lobbying

No funds made available to entities under this section shall be used, directly or indirectly, to influence the issuance, amendment, or revocation of any executive order or similar promulgation by any Federal, State, or local agency, or to undertake to influence the passage or defeat of any legislation by Congress, or by any State or local legislative body, or State proposals by initiative petition, except that the representatives of the entity may testify or make other appropriate communication—

(1) when formally requested to do so by a legislative body, a committee, or a member of the body or committee; or

(2) in connection with legislation or appropriations directly affecting the activities of the entity.

(g) Reports and evaluation

Each entity receiving a grant under this section shall submit a performance report to the Secretary at such time as shall be reasonably required by the Secretary. Such performance report shall describe the activities that have been carried out with such grant funds, contain an evaluation of the effectiveness of such activities, and provide such additional information as the Secretary may reasonably require.

(h) Indian representatives

For purposes of this section, a State Domestic Violence Coalition may include representatives of Indian tribes and tribal organizations.

(Pub. L. 98–457, title III, §311, as added Pub. L. 111–320, title II, §201, Dec. 20, 2010, 124 Stat. 3501.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in subsec. (e), is Pub. L. 90–351, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 197. Section 2001 of the Act was classified to section 3796gg of this title, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 10441 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement. Part T of title I of the Act was classified generally to subchapter XII–H (§3796gg et seq.) of chapter 46 of this title, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as subchapter XIX (§10441 et seq.) of chapter 101 of Title 34. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1968 Act note set out under section 10101 of Title 34 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 10411, Pub. L. 98–457, title III, §312, Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1763, related to authority of Secretary to carry out provisions of this chapter, competitive awarding of grants and contracts, and delegation of authority and transfer of funds to Attorney General, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–294, title III, §303(a), Apr. 25, 1988, 102 Stat. 124.

A prior section 311 of Pub. L. 98–457 was classified to section 10410 of this title prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 111–320.

1 See References in Text note below.
42 U.S.C. § 7871 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 87: WATER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 7871: Repealed. Pub. L. 98-242, title I, §110(a), Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101
Repealed. Pub. L. 98-242, title I, §110(a), Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101
Status: repealed

Section 7871, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §400, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1313, enumerated powers of Secretary of the Interior in carrying out this chapter.

Section 7872, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §401, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1313; Pub. L. 96–457, §§1, 2(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2032, authorized appropriation of funds for programs under sections 7811(a) and (c), 7815(a) and (b), and 7819 of this title.

Section 7873, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §402, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1314; Pub. L. 96–457, §2(b)(1), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2032, authorized appropriation of funds for research, development, and demonstration plants.

Section 7874, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §403, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1314; Pub. L. 96–457, §2(b)(2), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2032, authorized appropriation of funds for programs conducted under this chapter for which there were no specific appropriations.

Section 7875, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §404, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1314, related to grant applications, approval of applications by the Secretary, and the basis of approvals.

Section 7876, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §405, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1315, related to payments to institutes and accounting for such payments.

Section 7877, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §406, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1315, related to cooperation in research programs between Federal agencies, State and local governments, private institutions, and individuals.

Section 7878, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §407, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1316, authorized conveyance of property acquired by the Secretary to a cooperating institute, educational institution, or cooperating nonprofit organization, and empowered the Secretary to dispose of water and byproducts resulting from operations under this chapter.

Section 7879, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §408, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1316, set out policy under this chapter with regard to patents.

Section 7880, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §409, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1316, provided for annual reports to the Secretary by various water research institutes.

Section 7881, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §410, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1316, provided that the chapter was not intended to repeal, supersede, or diminish existing authorities of agencies concerning water resources, or to be construed to alter existing law with respect to ownership and control of water.

Section 7882, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §411, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1317, Pub. L. 96–457, §2(b)(3), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2032, provided for transmittal of rules, regulations, etc., to the Speaker of the House and President of the Senate.

Section 7883, Pub. L. 95–467, title IV, §412, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1317, provided that authority to enter into contracts or cooperative agreements and to make payments under this chapter was effective only to the extent or in such amounts as were provided in advance in appropriations acts.

For prior provisions, see section 10301 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Limitations on Authorization of Appropriations for Fiscal Years 1982 to 1984

Pub. L. 97–35, title XVIII, §1807(b), Aug. 13, 1979, 95 Stat. 765, provided that no funds were authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior for the purposes of water resources research and development, saline water research, development, and demonstration, and associated activities in excess of $23,650,000 per fiscal year for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1982, September 30, 1983, and September 30, 1984.
42 U.S.C. § 15910 (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 149: NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY AND PROGRAMS / Subchapter III: OIL AND GAS / Section 15910: Enhanced oil and natural gas production through carbon dioxide injection
Enhanced oil and natural gas production through carbon dioxide injection
Status: in_force

(a) Production incentive

(1) Findings

Congress finds the following:

(A) Approximately two-thirds of the original oil in place in the United States remains unproduced.

(B) Enhanced oil and natural gas production from the sequestering of carbon dioxide and other appropriate gases has the potential to increase oil and natural gas production.

(C) Capturing and productively using carbon dioxide would help reduce the carbon intensity of the economy.

(2) Purpose

The purpose of this section is—

(A) to promote the capturing, transportation, and injection of produced carbon dioxide, natural carbon dioxide, and other appropriate gases or other matter for sequestration into oil and gas fields; and

(B) to promote oil and natural gas production from the outer Continental Shelf and onshore Federal lands under lease by providing royalty incentives to use enhanced recovery techniques using injection of the substances referred to in subparagraph (A).

(b) Suspension of royalties

(1) In general

If the Secretary determines that reduction of the royalty under a Federal oil and gas lease that is an eligible lease is in the public interest and promotes the purposes of this section, the Secretary shall undertake a rulemaking to provide for such reduction for an eligible lease.

(2) Rulemakings

The Secretary shall publish the advanced notice of proposed rulemaking within 180 days after August 8, 2005, and complete the rulemaking implementing this section within 365 days after August 8, 2005.

(3) Eligible leases

A lease shall be an eligible lease for purposes of this section if—

(A) it is a lease for production of oil and gas from the outer Continental Shelf or Federal onshore lands;

(B) the injection of the substances referred to in subsection (a)(2)(A) will be used as an enhanced recovery technique on such lease; and

(C) the Secretary determines that the lease contains oil or gas that would not likely be produced without the royalty reduction provided under this section.

(4) Amount of relief

The rulemaking shall provide for a suspension volume, which shall not exceed 5,000,000 barrels of oil equivalent for each eligible lease. Such suspension volume shall be applied to any production from an eligible lease occurring on or after the date of publication of any advanced notice of proposed rulemaking under this subsection.

(5) Limitation

The Secretary may place limitations on the royalty reduction granted under this section based on market price.

(6) Application

This section shall apply to any eligible lease issued before, on, or after August 8, 2005.

(c) Demonstration program

(1) Establishment

(A) In general

The Secretary of Energy shall establish a competitive grant program to provide grants to producers of oil and gas to carry out projects to inject carbon dioxide for the purpose of enhancing recovery of oil or natural gas while increasing the sequestration of carbon dioxide.

(B) Projects

The demonstration program shall provide for—

(i) not more than 10 projects in the Willistin Basin in North Dakota and Montana; and

(ii) 1 project in the Cook Inlet Basin in Alaska.

(2) Requirements

(A) In general

The Secretary of Energy shall issue requirements relating to applications for grants under paragraph (1).

(B) Rulemaking

The issuance of requirements under subparagraph (A) shall not require a rulemaking.

(C) Minimum requirements

At a minimum, the Secretary shall require under subparagraph (A) that an application for a grant include—

(i) a description of the project proposed in the application;

(ii) an estimate of the production increase and the duration of the production increase from the project, as compared to conventional recovery techniques, including water flooding;

(iii) an estimate of the carbon dioxide sequestered by project, over the life of the project;

(iv) a plan to collect and disseminate data relating to each project to be funded by the grant;

(v) a description of the means by which the project will be sustainable without Federal assistance after the completion of the term of the grant;

(vi) a complete description of the costs of the project, including acquisition, construction, operation, and maintenance costs over the expected life of the project;

(vii) a description of which costs of the project will be supported by Federal assistance under this section; and

(viii) a description of any secondary or tertiary recovery efforts in the field and the efficacy of water flood recovery techniques used.

(3) Partners

An applicant for a grant under paragraph (1) may carry out a project under a pilot program in partnership with 1 or more other public or private entities.

(4) Selection criteria

In evaluating applications under this subsection, the Secretary of Energy shall—

(A) consider the previous experience with similar projects of each applicant; and

(B) give priority consideration to applications that—

(i) are most likely to maximize production of oil and gas in a cost-effective manner;

(ii) sequester significant quantities of carbon dioxide from anthropogenic sources;

(iii) demonstrate the greatest commitment on the part of the applicant to ensure funding for the proposed project and the greatest likelihood that the project will be maintained or expanded after Federal assistance under this section is completed; and

(iv) minimize any adverse environmental effects from the project.

(5) Demonstration program requirements

(A) Maximum amount

The Secretary of Energy shall not provide more than $3,000,000 in Federal assistance under this subsection to any applicant.

(B) Cost sharing

The Secretary of Energy shall require cost-sharing under this subsection in accordance with section 16352 of this title.

(C) Period of grants

(i) In general

A project funded by a grant under this subsection shall begin construction not later than 2 years after the date of provision of the grant, but in any case not later than December 31, 2010.

(ii) Term

The Secretary shall not provide grant funds to any applicant under this subsection for a period of more than 5 years.

(6) Transfer of information and knowledge

The Secretary of Energy shall establish mechanisms to ensure that the information and knowledge gained by participants in the program under this subsection are transferred among other participants and interested persons, including other applicants that submitted applications for a grant under this subsection.

(7) Schedule

(A) Publication

Not later than 180 days after August 8, 2005, the Secretary of Energy shall publish in the Federal Register, and elsewhere, as appropriate, a request for applications to carry out projects under this subsection.

(B) Date for applications

An application for a grant under this subsection shall be submitted not later than 180 days after the date of publication of the request under subparagraph (A).

(C) Selection

After the date by which applications for grants are required to be submitted under subparagraph (B), the Secretary of Energy, in a timely manner, shall select, after peer review and based on the criteria under paragraph (4), those projects to be awarded a grant under this subsection.

(d) Records and inventory

The Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Bureau of Land Management, shall maintain records on, and an inventory of, the quantity of carbon dioxide stored within Federal mineral leaseholds.

(e) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title III, §354, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 715; Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, §713, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1715.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2007—Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 110–140 added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2007 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–140 effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 300t (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 6A: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE / Subchapter XIV: HEALTH RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT / Section 300t: Development grants for health systems agencies
Development grants for health systems agencies
Status: in_force

(a) Eligible recipients; purpose of grants

The Secretary shall make in each fiscal year a grant to each health system agency—

(1) with which there is in effect a designation agreement under section 300l–4(c) 1 of this title,

(2) which has in effect an HSP and AIP reviewed by the Statewide Health Coordinating Council, and

(3) which, as determined under the review made under section 300n–4(c) 1 of this title, is organized and operated in the manner prescribed by section 300l–1(b) 1 of this title and is performing its functions under section 300l–2 1 of this title in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary,

to enable the agency to establish and maintain an Area Health Service Development Fund from which it may make grants and enter into contracts in accordance with section 300l–2(c)(3) 1 of this title.

(b) Determination of amounts; maximum amounts

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amount of any grant under subsection (a) shall be determined by the Secretary after taking into consideration the population of the health service area for which the health systems agency is designated, the average family income of the area, and the supply of health services in the area.

(2) The amount of any grant under subsection (a) to a health systems agency for any fiscal year may not exceed the product of $1 and the population of the health service area for which such agency is designated.

(c) Applications; submission and approval as prerequisite; form and contents

No grant may be made under subsection (a) unless an application therefor has been submitted to, and approved by, the Secretary. Such an application shall be submitted in such form and manner and contain such information as the Secretary may require.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

For the purpose of making payments pursuant to grants under subsection (a), there are authorized to be appropriated $25,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975, $75,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1976, $120,000,000 each for the fiscal years ending September 30, 1977, and September 30, 1978, $20,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981, and $30,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1982.

(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XVI, §1640, as added Pub. L. 93–641, §4, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2273; amended Pub. L. 95–83, title I, §103(c), Aug. 1, 1977, 91 Stat. 383; Pub. L. 96–79, title I, §127(e), Oct. 4, 1979, 93 Stat. 629.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Sections 300l–2, 300l–4, and 300n–4 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), were repealed effective Jan. 1, 1987, by Pub. L. 99–660, title VII, §701(a), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3799.

Section 300l–1 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was in the original a reference to section 1512 of act July 1, 1944, which was repealed effective Jan. 1, 1987, by Pub. L. 99–660, title VII, §701(a), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3799. Pub. L. 102–531, title III, §307, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3495, enacted section 1502A of act July 1, 1944, which is classified to section 300l–1 of this title.

Amendments

1979—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–79 authorized appropriations of $20,000,000 for fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1981, and $30,000,000 for fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1982.

1977—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–83 substituted "each for the fiscal years ending September 30, 1977, and September 30, 1978" for "for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1977".

1 See References in Text note below.
42 U.S.C. § 9843a (2024) — Title 42: THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE / Chapter 105: COMMUNITY SERVICES PROGRAMS / Subchapter II: HEAD START PROGRAMS / Section 9843a: Staff qualifications and development
Staff qualifications and development
Status: in_force

(a) Classroom teachers

(1) Professional requirements

The Secretary shall ensure that each Head Start classroom in a center-based program is assigned 1 teacher who has demonstrated competency to perform functions that include—

(A) planning and implementing learning experiences that advance the intellectual and physical development of children, including improving the readiness of children for school by developing their literacy, phonemic, and print awareness, their understanding and use of language, their understanding and use of increasingly complex and varied vocabulary, their appreciation of books, their understanding of early math and early science, their problem-solving abilities, and their approaches to learning;

(B) establishing and maintaining a safe, healthy learning environment;

(C) supporting the social and emotional development of children; and

(D) encouraging the involvement of the families of the children in a Head Start program and supporting the development of relationships between children and their families.

(2) Degree requirements

(A) Head Start teachers

The Secretary shall ensure that not later than September 30, 2013, at least 50 percent of Head Start teachers nationwide in center-based programs have—

(i) a baccalaureate or advanced degree in early childhood education; or

(ii) a baccalaureate or advanced degree and coursework equivalent to a major relating to early childhood education, with experience teaching preschool-age children.

(B) Additional staff

The Secretary shall ensure that, not later than September 30, 2013, all—

(i) Head Start education coordinators, including those that serve as curriculum specialists, nationwide in center-based programs—

(I) have the capacity to offer assistance to other teachers in the implementation and adaptation of curricula to the group and individual needs of children in a Head Start classroom; and

(II) have—

(aa) a baccalaureate or advanced degree in early childhood education; or

(bb) a baccalaureate or advanced degree and coursework equivalent to a major relating to early childhood education, with experience teaching preschool-age children; and

(ii) Head Start teaching assistants nationwide in center-based programs have—

(I) at least a child development associate credential;

(II) enrolled in a program leading to an associate or baccalaureate degree; or

(III) enrolled in a child development associate credential program to be completed within 2 years.

(C) Progress

(i) Implementation

The Secretary shall—

(I) require Head Start agencies to—

(aa) describe continuing progress each year toward achieving the goals described in subparagraphs (A) and (B); and

(bb) annually submit to the Secretary a report indicating the number and percentage of classroom personnel described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) in center-based programs with child development associate credentials or associate, baccalaureate, or advanced degrees;

(II) compile and submit a summary of all program reports described in subclause (I)(bb) to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; and

(III) not impose any penalties or sanctions on any individual Head Start agency, program, or staff in the monitoring of local agencies and programs under this subchapter not meeting the requirements of subparagraph (A) or (B).

(D) Construction

In this paragraph a reference to a Head Start agency, or its program, services, facility, or personnel, shall not be considered to be a reference to an Early Head Start agency, or its program, services, facility, or personnel.

(3) Alternative credentialing and degree requirements

The Secretary shall ensure that, for center-based programs, each Head Start classroom that does not have a teacher who meets the qualifications described in clause (i) or (ii) of paragraph (2)(A) is assigned one teacher who has the following during the period specified:

(A) Through September 30, 2011—

(i) a child development associate credential that is appropriate to the age of children being served in center-based programs;

(ii) a State-awarded certificate for preschool teachers that meets or exceeds the requirements for a child development associate credential;

(iii) an associate degree in early childhood education;

(iv) an associate degree in a related field and coursework equivalent to a major relating to early childhood education, with experience teaching preschool-age children; or

(v) a baccalaureate degree and has been admitted into the Teach For America program, passed a rigorous early childhood content exam, such as the Praxis II, participated in a Teach For America summer training institute that includes teaching preschool children, and is receiving ongoing professional development and support from Teach For America's professional staff.

(B) As of October 1, 2011—

(i) an associate degree in early childhood education;

(ii) an associate degree in a related field and coursework equivalent to a major relating to early childhood education, with experience teaching preschool-age children; or

(iii) a baccalaureate degree and has been admitted into the Teach For America program, passed a rigorous early childhood content exam, such as the Praxis II, participated in a Teach For America summer training institute that includes teaching preschool children, and is receiving ongoing professional development and support from Teach For America's professional staff.

(4) Waiver

On request, the Secretary shall grant—

(A) through September 30, 2011, a 180-day waiver ending on or before September 30, 2011, of the requirements of paragraph (3)(A) for a Head Start agency that can demonstrate that the agency has attempted unsuccessfully to recruit an individual who has the qualifications described in any of clauses (i) through (iv) of paragraph (3)(A) with respect to an individual who—

(i) is enrolled in a program that grants a credential, certificate, or degree described in clauses (i) through (iv) of paragraph (3)(A); and

(ii) will receive such credential, certificate, or degree under the terms of such program not later than 180 days after beginning employment as a teacher with such agency; and

(B) as of October 1, 2011, a 3-year waiver of the requirements of paragraph (3)(B) for a Head Start agency that can demonstrate that—

(i) the agency has attempted unsuccessfully to recruit an individual who has the qualifications described in clause (i) or (ii) of such paragraph, with respect to an individual who is enrolled in a program that grants a degree described in clause (i) or (ii) of such paragraph and will receive such degree in a reasonable time; and

(ii) each Head Start classroom has a teacher who has, at a minimum—

(I) a child development associate credential that is appropriate to the age of children being served in center-based programs; or

(II) a State-awarded certificate for preschool teachers that meets or exceeds the requirements for a child development associate credential.

(5) Teacher in-service requirement

Each Head Start teacher shall attend not less than 15 clock hours of professional development per year. Such professional development shall be high-quality, sustained, intensive, and classroom-focused in order to have a positive and lasting impact on classroom instruction and the teacher's performance in the classroom, and regularly evaluated by the program for effectiveness.

(6) Service requirements

The Secretary shall establish requirements to ensure that, in order to enable Head Start agencies to comply with the requirements of paragraph (2)(A), individuals who receive financial assistance under this subchapter to pursue a degree described in paragraph (2)(A) shall—

(A) teach or work in a Head Start program for a minimum of 3 years after receiving the degree; or

(B) repay the total or a prorated amount of the financial assistance received based on the length of service completed after receiving the degree.

(7) Use of funds

The Secretary shall require that any Federal funds provided directly or indirectly to comply with paragraph (2)(A) shall be used toward degrees awarded by an institution of higher education, as defined by section 1001 or 1002 of title 20.

(b) Mentor teachers

(1) "Mentor teacher" defined; function

For purposes of this subsection, the term "mentor teacher" means an individual responsible for observing and assessing the classroom activities of a Head Start program and providing on-the-job guidance and training to the Head Start program staff and volunteers, in order to improve the qualifications and training of classroom staff, to maintain high quality education services, and to promote career development, in Head Start programs.

(2) Requirement

In order to assist Head Start agencies in establishing positions for mentor teachers, the Secretary shall—

(A) provide technical assistance and training to enable Head Start agencies to establish such positions;

(B) give priority consideration, in providing assistance pursuant to subparagraph (A), to Head Start programs that have substantial numbers of new classroom staff or that are experiencing difficulty in meeting applicable education standards;

(C) encourage Head Start programs to give priority consideration for such positions to Head Start teachers at the appropriate level of career advancement in such programs; and

(D) promote the development of model curricula, designed to ensure the attainment of appropriate competencies of mentor teachers in Head Start programs.

(c) Family service workers

To improve the quality and effectiveness of staff providing in-home and other services (including needs assessment, development of service plans, family advocacy, and coordination of service delivery) to families of children participating in Head Start programs, the Secretary, in coordination with concerned public and private agencies and organizations examining the issues of standards and training for family service workers, shall—

(1) review, and, as necessary, revise or develop new qualification standards for Head Start staff providing such services;

(2) review, and as necessary, revise or develop maximum caseload requirements, as suggested by best practices;

(3) promote the development of model curricula (on subjects including parenting training and family literacy) designed to ensure the attainment of appropriate competencies by individuals working or planning to work in the field of early childhood and family services;

(4) promote the establishment of a credential that indicates attainment of the competencies and that is accepted nationwide; and

(5) promote the use of appropriate strategies to meet the needs of special populations (including populations of limited English proficient children).

(d) Head Start Fellowships

(1) Authority

The Secretary may establish a program of fellowships, to be known as "Head Start Fellowships", in accordance with this subsection. The Secretary may award the fellowships to individuals, to be known as "Head Start Fellows", who are staff in local Head Start programs or other individuals working in the field of child development and family services.

(2) Purpose

The fellowship program established under this subsection shall be designed to enhance the ability of Head Start Fellows to make significant contributions to programs authorized under this subchapter, by providing opportunities to expand their knowledge and experience through exposure to activities, issues, resources, and new approaches, in the field of child development and family services.

(3) Assignments of Fellows

(A) Placement sites

Fellowship positions under the fellowship program may be located (subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C))—

(i) in agencies of the Department of Health and Human Services administering programs authorized under this subchapter (in national or regional offices of such agencies);

(ii) in local Head Start agencies and programs;

(iii) in institutions of higher education;

(iv) in public or private entities and organizations concerned with services to children and families; and

(v) in other appropriate settings.

(B) Limitation for Fellows other than Head Start employees

A Head Start Fellow who is not an employee of a local Head Start agency or program may be placed only in a fellowship position located in an agency or program specified in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A).

(C) No placement in lobbying organizations

Head Start Fellowship positions may not be located in any agency (including a center) whose primary purpose, or one of whose major purposes, is to influence Federal, State, or local legislation.

(4) Selection of Fellows

Head Start Fellowships shall be awarded on a competitive basis to individuals (other than Federal employees) selected from among applicants who are working, on the date of application, in local Head Start programs or otherwise working in the field of child development and children and family services.

(5) Duration

Head Start Fellowships shall be for terms of 1 year, and may be renewed for a term of 1 additional year.

(6) Authorized expenditures

From amounts made available under section 9835(a)(2)(E) of this title, the Secretary is authorized to make expenditures of not to exceed $1,000,000 for any fiscal year, for stipends and other reasonable expenses of the fellowship program.

(7) Status of Fellows

Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, Head Start Fellows shall not be considered to be employees or otherwise in the service or employment of the Federal Government. Head Start Fellows shall be considered to be employees for purposes of compensation for injuries under chapter 81 of title 5. Head Start Fellows assigned to positions located in agencies specified in paragraph (3)(A)(i) shall be considered employees in the executive branch of the Federal Government for the purposes of chapter 11 of title 18 and for purposes of any administrative standards of conduct applicable to the employees of the agency to which they are assigned.

(8) Regulations

The Secretary shall promulgate regulations to carry out this subsection.

(e) Model staffing plans

Not later than 1 year after May 18, 1994, the Secretary, in consultation with appropriate public agencies, private agencies, and organizations and with individuals with expertise in the field of children and family services, shall develop model staffing plans to provide guidance to local Head Start agencies and programs on the numbers, types, responsibilities, and qualifications of staff required to operate a Head Start program.

(f) Professional development plans

Each Head Start agency and program shall create, in consultation with an employee, a professional development plan for all full-time Head Start employees who provide direct services to children and shall ensure that such plans are regularly evaluated for their impact on teacher and staff effectiveness. The agency and the employee shall implement the plan to the extent feasible and practicable.

(g) Staff recruitment and selection procedures

Before a Head Start agency employs an individual, such agency shall—

(1) conduct an interview of such individual;

(2) verify the personal and employment references provided by such individual; and

(3) obtain—

(A) a State, tribal, or Federal criminal record check covering all jurisdictions where the grantee provides Head Start services to children;

(B) a State, tribal, or Federal criminal record check as required by the law of the jurisdiction where the grantee provides Head Start services; or

(C) a criminal record check as otherwise required by Federal law.

(Pub. L. 97–35, title VI, §648A, as added Pub. L. 103–252, title I, §115, May 18, 1994, 108 Stat. 643; amended Pub. L. 105–285, title I, §115, Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2722; Pub. L. 110–134, §19, Dec. 12, 2007, 121 Stat. 1430.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2007—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–134, §19(1), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) related to qualification and development requirements for Head Start teachers in center-based programs and gave Secretary limited authority to waive alternative credentialing requirements.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–134, §19(2), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text of subsec. (c) read as follows: "In order to improve the quality and effectiveness of staff providing in-home and other services (including needs assessment, development of service plans, family advocacy, and coordination of service delivery) to families of children participating in Head Start programs, the Secretary, in coordination with concerned public and private agencies and organizations examining the issues of standards and training for family service workers, shall—

"(1) review and, as necessary, revise or develop new qualification standards for Head Start staff providing such services;

"(2) promote the development of model curricula (on subjects including parenting training and family literacy) designed to ensure the attainment of appropriate competencies by individuals working or planning to work in the field of early childhood and family services; and

"(3) promote the establishment of a credential that indicates attainment of the competencies and that is accepted nationwide."

Subsec. (d)(3)(C). Pub. L. 110–134, §19(3)(A), inserted "(including a center)" after "agency".

Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 110–134, §19(3)(B), substituted "amounts made available under section 9835(a)(2)(E) of this title" for "amounts appropriated under this subchapter and allotted under section 9835(a)(2)(D) of this title".

Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 110–134, §19(4), added subsecs. (f) and (g).

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–285, §115(1), amended heading and text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) required Secretary to ensure that not later than Sept. 30, 1996, each Head Start classroom in a center-based program was assigned a teacher with certain specified credentials and gave Secretary limited authority to waive that requirement.

Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 105–285, §115(2), substituted "staff or that are" for "staff, that are" and struck out ", or that lack staff of a similar cultural background to that of the participating children and their families" before semicolon.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Education and Labor of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Education and the Workforce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2023.

Effective Date

Section effective May 18, 1994, but not applicable to Head Start agencies and other recipients of financial assistance under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.) until Oct. 1, 1994, see section 127 of Pub. L. 103–252, set out as an Effective Date of 1994 Amendment note under section 9832 of this title.