22 U.S.C. § 285b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIV: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 285b: Coordination of policies and operations
Coordination of policies and operations
Status: in_force

The policies and operations of the representatives of the United States on the Bank shall be coordinated with other United States policies in such manner as the President shall direct.

(Pub. L. 89–369, §4, Mar. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 71; Pub. L. 101–240, title V, §541(d)(2), (f)(3), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2518, 2519.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1989—Pub. L. 101–240 struck out subsec. (a) designation and struck out subsec. (b) which read as follows: "An annual report with respect to United States participation in the Bank shall be submitted to the Congress by such agency or officer as the President shall designate."
22 U.S.C. § 280i (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter VIII: CARIBBEAN COMMISSION / Section 280i: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated—

(a) Not more than $142,000 annually for the payment by the United States of its proportionate share of the expenses of the Commission and its auxiliary and subsidiary bodies, pursuant to article XV of the "agreement for the Establishment of the Caribbean Commission"; and

(b) Such additional sums as may be needed for the payment of all necessary expenses incident to participation by the United States in the activities of the Commission, including salaries of the United States Commissioners, their alternates, appropriate staff, without regard to the civil-service laws, and chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5; personal services in the District of Columbia; services as authorized by section 3109 of title 5; hire of passenger motor vehicles and other local transportation; printing and binding without regard to section 501 of title 44 and section 6101 of title 41; and such other expenses as the Secretary of State finds necessary to participation by the United States in the activities of the Commission: Provided, That the provisions of section 287r of this title, and regulations thereunder, applicable to expenses incurred pursuant to subchapter XVII of this chapter shall be applicable to any expenses incurred pursuant to this paragraph.

(Mar. 4, 1948, ch. 97, §2, 62 Stat. 66; Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782, title II, §202(2), title XI, §1106(a), 63 Stat. 954, 972.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Subchapter XVII [§287m et seq.] of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original a reference to the Act of July 30, 1946 (Public Law 565, Seventy-ninth Congress).

Codification

In subsec. (b), "chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5" and "section 3109 of title 5" substituted for "the Classification Act of 1949" and "section 15 of Public Law 600, Seventy-ninth Congress [5 U.S.C. 55a], respectively, on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, §7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, which Act enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

In subsec. (b), "section 501 of title 44" substituted for "section 11 of the Act of March 1, 1919 (44 U.S.C. 111)," on authority of Pub. L. 90–620, §2(b), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, which Act enacted Title 44, Public Printing and Documents.

In subsec. (b), "section 6101 of title 41" substituted for "section 3709 of the Revised Statutes, as amended" on authority of Pub. L. 111–350, §6(c), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3854, which Act enacted Title 41, Public Contracts.

Amendments

1949—Subsec. (b). Act Oct. 28, 1949, substituted "Classification Act of 1949" for "Classification Act of 1923".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Repeals

Act Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782, cited as a credit to this section, was repealed (subject to a savings clause) by Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, §8, 80 Stat. 632, 655.

Annual Appropriations

Annual appropriations to meet the obligations of membership in various international organizations were contained in acts listed in a note set out under section 269a of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 3372 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 48A: TAIWAN ENHANCED RESILIENCE / Subchapter III: INCLUSION OF TAIWAN IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS / Section 3372: Strategy to support Taiwan's meaningful participation in international organizations
Strategy to support Taiwan's meaningful participation in international organizations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than 180 days after December 23, 2022, the Secretary of State, in consultation with other Federal departments and agencies as appropriate, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy—

(1) to advance Taiwan"s 1 meaningful participation in a prioritized set of international organizations (IOs); and

(2) that responds to growing pressure from the PRC on foreign governments, IOs, commercial actors, and civil society organizations to comply with its "One-China Principle", with respect to Taiwan.

(b) Matters to be included

The strategy required under subsection (a) should include the following elements:

(1) An assessment of the methods the PRC uses to coerce actors to into adhering to its "One-China Principle." The methods should include those employed against governments, IOs, and civil society organizations. The assessment should also include pressure on commercial actors, to the extent it is relevant in the context of Taiwan's meaningful participation in IOs.

(2) An assessment of the policies of foreign governments toward the PRC and Taiwan, to identify likeminded allies and partners who might become public or private partners in the strategy.

(3) A systematic analysis of all IOs, as practicable, to identify IOs that best lend themselves to advancing Taiwan's participation.

(4) A plan to expand economic, security, and diplomatic engagement with nations that have demonstrably strengthened, enhanced, or upgraded relations with Taiwan, in accordance with United States interests.

(5) A survey of IOs that have allowed Taiwan's meaningful participation, including an assessment of whether any erosion in Taiwan's engagement has occurred within those organizations and how Taiwan's participation has positively strengthened the capacity and activity of these organizations, thereby providing positive models for Taiwan's inclusion in other similar forums.

(6) A list of no more than 20 IOs at which the United States Government will prioritize for using its voice, vote, and influence to advance Taiwan's meaningful participation over the three-year period following December 23, 2022. The list should be derived from the IOs identified in paragraph (3).

(7) A description of the diplomatic strategies and the coalitions the United States Government plans to develop to implement paragraph (6).

(c) Form of report

The strategy required in subsection (a) shall be classified, but it may include an unclassified summary.

(d) Support for meaningful participation

The Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Nations and other relevant United States officials shall actively support Taiwan's meaningful participation in all appropriate international organizations.

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5518, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3318.)

1 So in original. Probably should be "Taiwan's".
22 U.S.C. § 9741 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 104: VENEZUELA ASSISTANCE / Subchapter V: SUPPORTING THE RECONSTRUCTION OF VENEZUELA / Section 9741: Recovering assets stolen from the Venezuelan people
Recovering assets stolen from the Venezuelan people
Status: in_force

(a) Recovering assets

The President, acting through the Secretary of State and in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall advance a coordinated international effort—

(1) to work with foreign governments—

(A) to share financial investigations intelligence, as appropriate;

(B) to block the assets identified pursuant to paragraph (2); and

(C) to provide technical assistance to help governments establish the necessary legal framework to carry out asset forfeitures; and

(2) to carry out special financial investigations to identify and track assets taken from the people and institutions of Venezuela through theft, corruption, money laundering, or other illicit means.

(b) Strategy requirement

(1) In general

Not later than 180 days after December 20, 2019, the President, acting through the Secretary of State and in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit a strategy for carrying out the activities described in subsection (a) to Congress.

(2) Additional elements

The strategy required under paragraph (1) shall—

(A) assess whether the United States or another member of the international community should establish a managed fund to hold the assets identified pursuant to subsection (a)(2) that could be returned to a future democratic government in Venezuela; and

(B) include such recommendations as the President and the Secretary of State consider appropriate for legislative or administrative action in the United States that would be needed to establish and manage the fund described in subparagraph (A).

(Pub. L. 116–94, div. J, title I, §151, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3039.)
22 U.S.C. § 4611 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 56: UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE / Section 4611: Biennial reports to President and Congress; comments, findings, and recommendations; Congressional Committee hearings
Biennial reports to President and Congress; comments, findings, and recommendations; Congressional Committee hearings
Status: in_force

Beginning two years after October 19, 1984, and at intervals of two years thereafter, the Chairman of the Board shall prepare and transmit to the Congress and the President a report detailing the progress the Institute has made in carrying out the purposes of this chapter during the preceding two-year period. The President may prepare and transmit to the Congress within a reasonable time after the receipt of such report the written comments and recommendations of the appropriate agencies of the United States with respect to the contents of such report and their recommendations with respect to any legislation which may be required concerning the Institute. After receipt of such report by the Congress, the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate may hold hearings to review the findings and recommendations of such report and the written comments received from the President.

(Pub. L. 98–525, title XVII, §1712, Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2659; Pub. L. 105–244, title IX, §931(3), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1834.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Pub. L. 105–244 substituted "President may prepare" for "President shall prepare" and "may hold hearings" for "shall hold hearings".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Education and Labor of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Education and the Workforce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2023.

Committee on Labor and Human Resources of Senate changed to Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of Senate by Senate Resolution No. 20, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 19, 1999.

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of Title 20, Education.

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions in this section relating to the requirement that every two years the Chairman of the Board transmit to Congress a report detailing the progress the Institute has made in carrying out the purposes of this chapter, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and page 207 of House Document No. 103–7.
22 U.S.C. § 9653 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 103: BETTER UTILIZATION OF INVESTMENTS LEADING TO DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter IV: MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND REPORTING / Section 9653: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

(a) In general

After the end of each fiscal year, the Corporation shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a complete and detailed report of its operations during that fiscal year, including an assessment of—

(1) the economic and social development impact, including with respect to matters described in subsections (d), (e), and (f) of section 9651 of this title, of projects supported by the Corporation under subchapter II of this chapter;

(2) the extent to which the operations of the Corporation complement or are compatible with the development assistance programs of the United States and qualifying sovereign entities;

(3) the Corporation's institutional linkages with other relevant United States Government department 1 and agencies, including efforts to strengthen such linkages; and

(4) the compliance of projects supported by the Corporation under subchapter II of this chapter with human rights, environmental, labor, and social policies, or other such related policies that govern the Corporation's support for projects, promulgated or otherwise administered by the Corporation.

(b) Elements

Each annual report required by subsection (a) shall include analyses of the effects of projects supported by the Corporation under subchapter II of this chapter, including—

(1) reviews and analyses of—

(A) the desired development outcomes for projects and whether or not the Corporation is meeting the associated metrics, goals, and development objectives, including, to the extent practicable, in the years after conclusion of projects; and

(B) the effect of the Corporation's support on access to capital and ways in which the Corporation is addressing identifiable market gaps or inefficiencies and what impact, if any, such support has on access to credit for a specific project, country, or sector;

(2) an explanation of any partnership arrangement or cooperation with a qualifying sovereign entity in support of each project;

(3) projections of—

(A) development outcomes, and whether or not support for projects are meeting the associated performance measures, both during the start-up phase and over the duration of the support, and to the extent practicable, measures of such development outcomes should be on a gender-disaggregated basis, such as changes in employment, access to financial services, enterprise development and growth, and composition of executive boards and senior leadership of enterprises receiving support under subchapter II of this chapter; and

(B) the value of private sector assets brought to bear relative to the amount of support provided by the Corporation and the value of any other public sector support; and

(4) an assessment of the extent to which lessons learned from the monitoring and evaluation activities of the Corporation, and from annual reports from previous years compiled by the Corporation, have been applied to projects.

(Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title IV, §1443, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3505.)

1 So in original. Probably should be "departments".
22 U.S.C. § 926 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter V: APPOINTMENTS AND ASSIGNMENTS / Section 926: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section 926, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title V, §526, 60 Stat. 1010, related to benefits of Reserve officers.

Section 927, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title V, §527, 60 Stat. 1010, related to reappointment or reassignment of Reserve officers.

Section 928, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title V, §528, 60 Stat. 1010; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §11, 74 Stat. 833, related to reinstatement of Reserve officers.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2792 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 39: ARMS EXPORT CONTROL / Subchapter IV: GENERAL, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 2792: Administrative expenses
Administrative expenses
Status: in_force

(a) Availability of funds

Funds made available under other law for the operations of United States Government agencies carrying out functions under this chapter shall be available for the administrative expenses incurred by such agencies under this chapter.

(b) Charges for administrative expenses and official reception and representation expenses

Charges for administrative services calculated under section 2761(e)(1)(A) of this title shall include recovery of administrative expenses and official reception and representation expenses incurred by any department or agency of the United States Government, including any mission or group thereof, in carrying out functions under this chapter when—

(1) such functions are primarily for the benefit of any foreign country;

(2) such expenses are not directly and fully charged to, and reimbursed from amounts received for, sale of defense services under section 2761(a) of this title; and

(3) such expenses are neither salaries of the Armed Forces of the United States nor represent unfunded estimated costs of civilian retirement and other benefits.

(c) Limitations on funds used for official reception and representation expenses

Not more than $86,500 of the funds derived from charges for administrative services pursuant to section 2761(e)(1)(A) of this title may be used each fiscal year for official reception and representation expenses.

(Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 4, §43, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1327; Pub. L. 94–329, title II, §214, June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 746; Pub. L. 95–92, §7(d), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 617; Pub. L. 96–92, §19(b), Oct. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 709; Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, §734(a)(10), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560; Pub. L. 99–83, title I, §120, Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 204; Pub. L. 101–165, title IX, §9104(b)(1), Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1152; Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XII, §1203, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1427.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1321, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–228 substituted "$86,500" for "$72,500".

1989—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 101–165 added par. (3).

1985—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–83, §120(1), inserted "and official reception and representation expenses".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–83, §120(2), added subsec. (c).

1981—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–113 struck out subsec. (c) which required a Presidential report to Congress no later than Jan. 15 of each year containing analysis and description of Federal personnel arms export control services performed previous fiscal year. See section 2765(a)(6) of this title.

1979—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–92 added subsec. (c).

1977—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–92 substituted provisions relating to criteria for recovery of charges for administrative expenses calculated under section 2761(e)(1)(A) of this title, for provisions relating to reimbursement from amounts received for sales under sections 2761 and 2762 of this title of administrative expenses incurred by a United States government department or agency in carrying out functions under this chapter for the benefit of any foreign country.

1976—Pub. L. 94–329 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as a note under section 2151–1 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective July 1, 1968, see section 41 of Pub. L. 90–629, set out as a note under section 2751 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 4862 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 58: DIPLOMATIC SECURITY / Subchapter IV: DIPLOMATIC SECURITY PROGRAM / Section 4862: Prohibition on use of funds for facilities in Israel, Jerusalem, or West Bank
Prohibition on use of funds for facilities in Israel, Jerusalem, or West Bank
Status: in_force

None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act may be obligated or expended for site acquisition, development, or construction of any facility in Israel, Jerusalem, or the West Bank.

(Pub. L. 99–399, title IV, §414, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 868.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–399, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 853, known as the Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4801 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 7624 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Subchapter II: SUPPORT FOR MULTILATERAL FUNDS, PROGRAMS, AND PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS / Section 7624: Facilitating vaccine development
Facilitating vaccine development
Status: in_force

(a) Technical assistance for developing countries

The Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, utilizing public-private partners, as appropriate, and working in coordination with other international development agencies, is authorized to strengthen the capacity of developing countries' governmental institutions to—

(1) collect evidence for informed decision-making and introduction of new vaccines, including potential HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria vaccines, if such vaccines are determined to be safe and effective;

(2) review protocols for clinical trials and impact studies and improve the implementation of clinical trials; and

(3) ensure adequate supply chain and delivery systems.

(b) Advanced market commitments

(1) Purpose

The purpose of this subsection is to improve global health by requiring the United States to participate in negotiations for advance market commitments for the development of future vaccines, including potential vaccines for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.

(2) Negotiation requirement

The Secretary of the Treasury shall enter into negotiations with the appropriate officials of the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) and the GAVI Alliance, the member nations of such entities, and other interested parties to establish advanced market commitments to purchase vaccines to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other related infectious diseases.

(3) Requirements

In negotiating the United States participation in programs for advanced market commitments, the Secretary of the Treasury shall take into account whether programs for advance market commitments include—

(A) legally binding contracts for product purchase that include a fair market price for up to a maximum number of treatments, creating a strong market incentive;

(B) clearly defined and transparent rules of program participation for qualified developers and suppliers of the product;

(C) clearly defined requirements for eligible vaccines to ensure that they are safe and effective and can be delivered in developing country contexts;

(D) dispute settlement mechanisms; and

(E) sufficient flexibility to enable the contracts to be adjusted in accord with new information related to projected market size and other factors while still maintaining the purchase commitment at a fair price.

(4) Report

Not later than 1 year after July 30, 2008—

(A) the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees on the status of the United States negotiations to participate in programs for the advanced market commitments under this subsection; and

(B) the President shall produce a comprehensive report, written by a study group of qualified professionals from relevant Federal agencies and initiatives, nongovernmental organizations, and industry representatives, that sets forth a coordinated strategy to accelerate development of vaccines for infectious diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis, which includes—

(i) initiatives to create economic incentives for the research, development, and manufacturing of vaccines for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other infectious diseases;

(ii) an expansion of public-private partnerships and the leveraging of resources from other countries and the private sector; and

(iii) efforts to maximize United States capabilities to support clinical trials of vaccines in developing countries and to address the challenges of delivering vaccines in developing countries to minimize delays in access once vaccines are available.

(Pub. L. 110–293, title II, §206, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2944.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Tom Lantos and Henry J. Hyde United States Global Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Reauthorization Act of 2008, and not as part of the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 which comprises this chapter.
22 U.S.C. § 2661b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2661b: Services provided to the press
Services provided to the press
Status: in_force

In fiscal year 2001 and thereafter reimbursements for services provided to the press in connection with the travel of senior-level officials may be collected and credited to this appropriation and shall remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 106–553, §1(a)(2) [title IV], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2762, 2762A–90.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This appropriation, referred to in text, probably means appropriations under the headings "DEPARTMENT OF STATE", "Administration of Foreign Affairs", and "diplomatic and consular programs" of the annual Department of State and Related Agency Appropriations Act.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Diplomatic and Consular Programs Account

References to the Diplomatic and Consular Programs account to be construed to include the Diplomatic Programs account in fiscal year 2020 and each fiscal year thereafter, see par. (7) of title I of div. G of Pub. L. 116–94, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7201 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 79: TRADE SANCTIONS REFORM AND EXPORT ENHANCEMENT / Section 7201: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1) Agricultural commodity

The term "agricultural commodity" has the meaning given the term in section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).

(2) Agricultural program

The term "agricultural program" means—

(A) any program administered under the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.);

(B) any program administered under section 1431 of title 7;

(C) any program administered under the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.);

(D) any commercial export sale of agricultural commodities; or

(E) any export financing (including credits or credit guarantees) provided by the United States Government for agricultural commodities.

(3) Joint resolution

The term "joint resolution" means—

(A) in the case of section 7202(a)(1) of this title, only a joint resolution introduced within 10 session days of Congress after the date on which the report of the President under section 7202(a)(1) of this title is received by Congress, the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: "That Congress approves the report of the President pursuant to section 903(a)(1) of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, transmitted on ______________.", with the blank completed with the appropriate date; and

(B) in the case of section 7205(1) 1 of this title, only a joint resolution introduced within 10 session days of Congress after the date on which the report of the President under section 7205(2) 1 of this title is received by Congress, the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: "That Congress approves the report of the President pursuant to section 906(1) of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, transmitted on ______________.", with the blank completed with the appropriate date.

(4) Medical device

The term "medical device" has the meaning given the term "device" in section 321 of title 21.

(5) Medicine

The term "medicine" has the meaning given the term "drug" in section 321 of title 21.

(6) Unilateral agricultural sanction

The term "unilateral agricultural sanction" means any prohibition, restriction, or condition on carrying out an agricultural program with respect to a foreign country or foreign entity that is imposed by the United States for reasons of foreign policy or national security, except in a case in which the United States imposes the measure pursuant to—

(A) a multilateral regime and the other member countries of that regime have agreed to impose substantially equivalent measures; or

(B) a mandatory decision of the United Nations Security Council.

(7) Unilateral medical sanction

The term "unilateral medical sanction" means any prohibition, restriction, or condition on exports of, or the provision of assistance consisting of, medicine or a medical device with respect to a foreign country or foreign entity that is imposed by the United States for reasons of foreign policy or national security, except in a case in which the United States imposes the measure pursuant to—

(A) a multilateral regime and the other member countries of that regime have agreed to impose substantially equivalent measures; or

(B) a mandatory decision of the United Nations Security Council.

(Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title IX, §902], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–67; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(X), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820, 1821; Pub. L. 113–79, title I, §1423(b), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 695.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Food for Peace Act, referred to in par. (2)(A), is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified principally to chapter 41 (§1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables.

The Agricultural Trade Act of 1978, referred to in par. (2)(C), is Pub. L. 95–501, Oct. 21, 1978, 92 Stat. 1685, as amended generally by Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1531, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3668, which is classified generally to chapter 87 (§5601 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5601 of Title 7 and Tables.

Section 903(a)(1) of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, referred to in par. (3)(A), is section 1(a) [title IX, §903(a)(1)] of Pub. L. 106–387, which is classified to section 7202(a)(1) of this title.

Section 906 of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, referred to in par. (3)(B), is section 1(a) [title IX, §906] of Pub. L. 106–387, which is classified to section 7205 of this title. Provisions relating to report of the President and enactment into law of a joint resolution are contained in section 905 of the Act, which is classified to section 7204 of this title.

Amendments

2014—Par. (2)(D)–(F). Pub. L. 113–79 redesignated subpars. (E) and (F) as (D) and (E), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: "the dairy export incentive program administered under section 713a–14 of title 15;".

2008—Par. (2)(A). Pub. L. 110–246 substituted "Food for Peace Act" for "Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.

Effective Date

Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title IX, §911], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–72, provided that:

"(a) In General.—Except as provided in subsection (b), this title [enacting this chapter] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 28, 2000], and shall apply thereafter in any fiscal year.

"(b) Existing Sanctions.—In the case of any unilateral agricultural sanction or unilateral medical sanction that is in effect as of the date of enactment of this Act, this title shall take effect 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, and shall apply thereafter in any fiscal year."

Short Title

Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title IX, §901], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–67, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000'."

Definitions

Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title VII, §775], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–45, provided that: "For purposes of administering title IX of this Act [enacting this chapter], the term 'agricultural commodity' shall also include fertilizer and organic fertilizer, except to the extent provided pursuant to section 904 of that title [22 U.S.C. 7203]."

1 So in original. Probably should be section "7204".
22 U.S.C. § 285n (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIV: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 285n: Authorization of appropriations to provide United States Special Resources
Authorization of appropriations to provide United States Special Resources
Status: in_force

For the purpose of providing United States Special Resources to the Bank there is hereby authorized to be appropriated $100,000,000, all of which shall remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 89–369, §17, as added Pub. L. 92–245, §1, Mar. 10, 1972, 86 Stat. 58; amended Pub. L. 93–189, §28, Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 732.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1973—Pub. L. 93–189 substituted "$100,000,000" for "$60,000,000 for the fiscal year 1972 and $40,000,000 for the fiscal year 1973".
22 U.S.C. § 280j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter IX: PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY CONGRESS / Section 280j: Representation in Congress; appointment of delegates and alternates
Representation in Congress; appointment of delegates and alternates
Status: in_force

The President is hereby authorized to accept membership for the Government of the United States in, and to appoint the United States delegates and their alternates to, the Pan American Railway Congress, the constitution and bylaws of which were approved in Montevideo, Uruguay, April 1946, and deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union in Washington.

(June 28, 1948, ch. 686, §1, 62 Stat. 1060.)
22 U.S.C. § 2664 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2664: Distribution of duties of officers, clerks, and employees
Distribution of duties of officers, clerks, and employees
Status: in_force

The Secretary of State may prescribe duties for the Assistant Secretaries and the clerks of bureaus, as well as for all the other employees in the department, and may make changes and transfers therein when, in his judgment, it becomes necessary.

(June 20, 1874, ch. 328, 18 Stat. 90; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, §30, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, §7, 46 Stat. 1214.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 154 of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.

Provisions of this section which related to the Solicitor of the Department were omitted in view of act May 24, 1924, which abolished the office.
22 U.S.C. § 9221b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 99: NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS AND POLICY ENHANCEMENT / Subchapter II: SANCTIONS AGAINST NORTH KOREAN PROLIFERATION, HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES, AND ILLICIT ACTIVITIES / Section 9221b: Sanctions with respect to foreign financial institutions that provide financial services to certain sanctioned persons
Sanctions with respect to foreign financial institutions that provide financial services to certain sanctioned persons
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of the Treasury shall impose one or more of the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to a foreign financial institution that the Secretary determines, in consultation with the Secretary of State, knowingly, on or after the date that is 120 days after December 20, 2019, provides significant financial services to any person designated for the imposition of sanctions with respect to North Korea under—

(1) subsection (a), (b), or (g) of section 9214 of this title;

(2) an applicable Executive order; or

(3) an applicable United Nations Security Council resolution.

(b) Sanctions described

The sanctions that may be imposed with respect to a foreign financial institution subject to subsection (a) are the following:

(1) Asset blocking

The Secretary may block and prohibit, pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), all transactions in all property and interests in property of the foreign financial institution if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.

(2) Restrictions on correspondent and payable-through accounts

The Secretary may prohibit, or impose strict conditions on, the opening or maintaining in the United States of a correspondent account or a payable-through account by the foreign financial institution.

(c) Implementation; penalties

(1) Implementation

The President may exercise all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this section.

(2) Penalties

A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this section or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out this section shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.

(d) Regulations

Not later than 120 days after December 20, 2019, the President shall, as appropriate, prescribe regulations to carry out this section.

(e) Exception relating to importation of goods

(1) In general

Notwithstanding section 9254(b) of this title or any provision of this section, the authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this section shall not include the authority or a requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.

(2) Good defined

In this subsection, the term "good" means any article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.

(f) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Account; correspondent account; payable-through account

The terms "account", "correspondent account", and "payable-through account" have the meanings given those terms in section 5318A of title 31.

(2) Foreign financial institution

The term "foreign financial institution" has the meaning given that term in section 510.309 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or ruling).

(3) Knowingly

The term "knowingly", with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result.

(Pub. L. 114–122, title II, §201B, as added Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXI, §7121(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2245.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions and authorities under section 7121 of Pub. L. 116–92 with respect to this section delegated to Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, by section 1(b)(iii) of Memorandum of President of the United States, Feb. 21, 2020, 85 F.R. 13717, set out as a note under section 286yy of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 5352 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 62: INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL POLICY / Subchapter IV: FINANCIAL REPORTS / Section 5352: Quadrennial reports on foreign treatment of United States financial institutions
Quadrennial reports on foreign treatment of United States financial institutions
Status: in_force

Not less frequently than every 4 years, beginning December 1, 1990, the Secretary of the Treasury, in conjunction with the Secretary of State, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the Department of Commerce, shall report to the Congress on (1) the foreign countries from which foreign financial services institutions have entered into the business of providing financial services in the United States, (2) the kinds of financial services which are being offered, (3) the extent to which foreign countries deny national treatment to United States banking organizations and securities companies, and (4) the efforts undertaken by the United States to eliminate such discrimination. The report shall focus on those countries in which there are significant denials of national treatment which impact United States financial firms. The report shall also describe the progress of discussions pursuant to section 5353 of this title.

(Pub. L. 100–418, title III, §3602, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1387.)
22 U.S.C. § 4114 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter X: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Section 4114: Resolution of implementation disputes
Resolution of implementation disputes
Status: in_force

(a) Grievance procedure

Any dispute between the Department and the exclusive representative concerning the effect, interpretation, or a claim of breach of a collective bargaining agreement shall be resolved through procedures negotiated by the Department and the exclusive representative. Any procedures negotiated under this section shall—

(1) be fair and simple,

(2) provide for expeditious processing, and

(3) include provision for appeal to the Foreign Service Grievance Board by either party of any dispute not satisfactorily settled.

(b) Review by Foreign Service Labor Relations Board

Either party to an appeal under subsection (a)(3) may file with the Board an exception to the action of the Foreign Service Grievance Board in resolving the implementation dispute. If, upon review, the Board finds that the action is deficient—

(1) because it is contrary to any law, rule, or regulation; or

(2) on other grounds similar to those applied by Federal courts in private sector labor-management relations;

the Board may take such action and make such recommendations concerning the Foreign Service Grievance Board action as it considers necessary, consistent with applicable laws, rules, and regulations.

(c) Time of filing exceptions; finality and binding nature of action

If no exception to a Foreign Service Grievance Board action is filed under subsection (b) within 30 days after such action is communicated to the parties, such action shall become final and binding and shall be implemented by the parties.

(d) Judicial review

Resolutions of disputes under this section shall not be subject to judicial review.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §1014, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2137.)
22 U.S.C. § 3871 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter III: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 3871: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

Until the termination of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, the President shall report annually on the status of the exercise of the rights and responsibilities of the United States under that Treaty. Such report shall include a discussion of the following:

(1) The actions taken by the Government of the Republic of Panama with respect to the living conditions of persons who resided in the Canal Zone before October 1, 1979, and who continue to reside in those areas made available to the United States under the Agreement in Implementation of Article III of the Panama Canal Treaty.

(2) The terms, conditions, and charges for land-use licenses within the canal operating areas specified in the Agreement in Implementation of Article III of the Panama Canal Treaty.

(3) The condition of former employees (and their dependents) of the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government who reside in the Republic of Panama on or after October 1, 1979.

(Pub. L. 96–70, title III, §3301, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 497.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Report to Congress on Condition of Panama Canal and Canal Operations

Pub. L. 100–203, title V, §5418, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–271, provided that out of the funds authorized to be appropriated by part 1 (§§5411 to 5418) of subtitle E of title V of Pub. L. 100–203, the Panama Canal Commission was to prepare and submit to Congress a report on the condition of the Panama Canal and potential adverse effects on United States shipping and commerce and report on the effect on canal operations of certain Panamanian Government and military actions.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions vested in President by this section delegated to Secretary of State who shall perform such function in coordination with Secretary of Defense pursuant to section 1–401 of Ex. Ord. No. 12215, May 27, 1980, 45 F.R. 36044, set out as a note under section 3601 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 8802 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 95: IRAN FREEDOM AND COUNTERPROLIFERATION / Section 8802: Sense of Congress relating to violations of human rights by Iran
Sense of Congress relating to violations of human rights by Iran
Status: in_force

(a) Finding

Congress finds that the interests of the United States and international peace are threatened by the ongoing and destabilizing actions of the Government of Iran, including its massive, systematic, and extraordinary violations of the human rights of its own citizens.

(b) Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that the United States should—

(1) deny the Government of Iran the ability to continue to oppress the people of Iran and to use violence and executions against pro-democracy protestors and regime opponents;

(2) fully and publicly support efforts made by the people of Iran to promote the establishment of basic freedoms that build the foundation for the emergence of a freely elected, open, and democratic political system;

(3) help the people of Iran produce, access, and share information freely and safely via the Internet and through other media; and

(4) defeat all attempts by the Government of Iran to jam or otherwise obstruct international satellite broadcast signals.

(Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title XII, §1243, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2005.)
22 U.S.C. § 4501 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 55: RESEARCH AND TRAINING FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND INDEPENDENT STATES OF FORMER SOVIET UNION / Section 4501: Findings and declarations
Findings and declarations
Status: in_force

The Congress finds and declares that—

(1) factual knowledge, independently verified, about the countries of Eastern Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet Union is of the utmost importance for the national security of the United States, for the furtherance of our national interests in the conduct of foreign relations, and for the prudent management of our domestic affairs;

(2) the development and maintenance of knowledge about the countries of Eastern Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet Union depends upon the national capability for advanced research by highly trained and experienced specialists, available for service in and out of Government;

(3) certain essential functions are necessary to ensure the existence of that knowledge and the capability to sustain it, including—

(A) graduate training;

(B) advanced research;

(C) public dissemination of research data, methods, and findings;

(D) contact and collaboration among Government and private specialists; and

(E) firsthand experience of the countries of Eastern Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet Union by American specialists, including on site conduct of advanced training and research to the extent practicable; and

(4) it is in the national interest for the United States Government to provide a stable source of financial support for the functions described in this section and to supplement the financial support for those functions which is currently being furnished by Federal, State, local, regional, and private agencies, organizations, and individuals, and thereby to stabilize the conduct of these functions on a national scale, consistently, and on a long range unclassified basis.

(Pub. L. 98–164, title VIII, §802, Nov. 22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1047; Pub. L. 103–199, title III, §302(3), Dec. 17, 1993, 107 Stat. 2322.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1993—Pars. (1), (2), (3)(E). Pub. L. 103–199 substituted "countries of Eastern Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet Union" for "Soviet Union and Eastern European countries".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 98–164, title VIII, §801, Nov. 22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1047, as amended by Pub. L. 103–199, title III, §302(2), Dec. 17, 1993, 107 Stat. 2322, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Research and Training for Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union Act of 1983'."

Definitions

In pars. (1), (2), and (3)(E), independent states of the former Soviet Union has the meaning given in section 5801 of this title, see section 3 of Pub. L. 103–199, set out as a note under section 5801 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 3973 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IV: COMPENSATION / Section 3973: Death gratuities
Death gratuities
Status: in_force

(a) Criteria; amount; payment deemed gift

The Secretary may provide for payment of a gratuity to the surviving dependents of any Foreign Service employee, who dies as a result of injuries sustained in the performance of duty abroad, in an amount equal to one year's salary at level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5 at the time of death, except that for employees compensated under local compensation plans established under section 3968 of this title the amount shall be equal to the greater of either one year's salary at the time of death, or one year's basic salary at the highest step of the highest grade on the local compensation plan from which the employee was being paid at the time of death. Any death gratuity payment made under this section shall be held to have been a gift and shall be in addition to any other benefit payable from any source.

(b) Other executive agencies

The head of an executive agency shall, pursuant to guidance issued under subsection (c), make a death gratuity payment authorized by this section to the survivors of any employee of that agency or of an individual in a special category serving in an uncompensated capacity for that agency, as identified in guidance issued under subsection (c), who dies as a result of injuries sustained in the performance of duty abroad while subject to the authority of the chief of mission pursuant to section 3927 of this title.

(c) Guidance

Not later than 60 days after January 17, 2014, the Secretary shall, in consultation with the heads of other relevant executive agencies, issue guidance with criteria for determining eligibility for, and order of payments to, survivors and beneficiaries of any employee or of an individual in a special category serving in an uncompensated capacity for that agency who dies as a result of injuries sustained in the performance of duty while subject to the authority of the chief of mission pursuant to section 3927 of this title.

(d) Eligibility to elect monthly compensation as condition to payment

A death gratuity payment shall be made under this section only if the survivor entitled to payment under subsection (c) is entitled to elect monthly compensation under section 8133 of title 5, because the death resulted from an injury (excluding a disease proximately caused by the employment) sustained in the performance of duty, without regard to whether such survivor elects to waive compensation under such section 8133.

(e) Definitions

As used in this section—

(1) the term "Foreign Service employee" means any member of the Service or United States representative to an international organization or commission; and

(2) each of the terms "widow", "widower", "child", and "parent" shall have the same meaning given each such term by section 8101 of title 5.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §413, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2092; Pub. L. 113–76, div. K, title VII, §7082(a), Jan. 17, 2014, 128 Stat. 565.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–76, §7082(a)(1), substituted "at level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5, United States Code, at the time of death, except that for employees compensated under local compensation plans established under section 3968 of this title the amount shall be equal to the greater of either one year's salary at the time of death, or one year's basic salary at the highest step of the highest grade on the local compensation plan from which the employee was being paid at the time of death" for "at the time of death".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113–76, §7082(a)(2), (3), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–76, §7082(a)(4), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "A death gratuity payment under this section shall be made as follows:

"(1) First, to the widow or widower.

"(2) Second, to the child, or children in equal shares, if there is no widow or widower.

"(3) Third, to the dependent parent, or dependent parents in equal shares, if there is no widow, widower, or child.

"If there is no survivor entitled to payment under this subsection, no payment shall be made."

Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 113–76, §7082(a)(2), redesignated subsecs. (b) and (d) as (d) and (e), respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2014 Amendment

Pub. L. 113–76, div. K, title VII, §7082(c), Jan. 17, 2014, 128 Stat. 567, provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, sections 413, 415, and 416 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3973, 3975, 3976], as amended or added by this section, shall apply in the case of a Foreign Service employee or executive branch employee subject to the authority of the chief of mission pursuant to section 207 of the Foreign Service Act (22 U.S.C. 3927), serving at a United States diplomatic or consular mission abroad, who died on or after April 18, 1983, as a result of injuries sustained in an act of terrorism, as defined in section 140(d) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999 [probably means "1988 and 1989"] (22 U.S.C. 2656f(d))."
22 U.S.C. § 276h (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter II: MEXICO-UNITED STATES INTERPARLIAMENTARY GROUP / Section 276h: United States group; appointment; term; meetings
United States group; appointment; term; meetings
Status: in_force

Not to exceed twenty-four Members of Congress shall be appointed to meet jointly and at least annually with representatives of the Chamber of Deputies and Chamber of Senators of the Mexican Congress for discussion of common problems in the interests of relations between the United States and Mexico. Of the Members of the Congress to be appointed for the purposes of this subchapter (hereinafter designated as the United States group) half shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House from Members of the House (not less than four of whom shall be from the Foreign Affairs Committee), and half shall be appointed by the President of the Senate upon recommendations of the majority and minority leaders of the Senate from Members of the Senate (not less than four of whom shall be from the Foreign Relations Committee). Such appointments shall be for the period of each meeting of the Mexico-United States Interparliamentary group except for the four members of the Foreign Affairs Committee, and the four members of the Foreign Relations Committee, whose appointments shall be for the duration of each Congress. The Chairman or Vice Chairman of the House delegation shall be a Member from the Foreign Affairs Committee, and, unless the President of the Senate, upon the recommendation of the Majority Leader, determines otherwise, the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Senate delegation shall be a Member from the Foreign Relations Committee.

(Pub. L. 86–420, §1, Apr. 9, 1960, 74 Stat. 40; Pub. L. 95–45, §4(b), June 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 222; Pub. L. 103–437, §9(a)(4), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–437 substituted "Foreign Affairs" for "International Relations" wherever appearing.

1977—Pub. L. 95–45 substituted "International Relations Committee" for "Foreign Affairs Committee" as the name of the House Committee from which not less than four of the House appointees must be drawn, inserted requirement that the appointment of the Senate appointees by the President of the Senate be made upon the recommendations of the majority and minority leaders of the Senate, and inserted provision that the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the House delegation be a Member from the International Relations Committee, and, unless the President of the Senate, upon the recommendation of the Majority Leader, determines otherwise, the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Senate delegation be a Member from the Foreign Relations Committee.
22 U.S.C. § 2151t (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2151t: Development assistance authority
Development assistance authority
Status: in_force

(a) Authority of President to furnish assistance

In order to carry out the purposes of this part, the President is authorized to furnish assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, to countries and areas through programs of grant and loan assistance, bilaterally or through regional, multilateral, or private entities.

(b) Authority of President to make loans; terms and conditions

The President is authorized to make loans payable as to principal and interest in United States dollars on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to promote the economic development of countries and areas, with emphasis upon assisting long-range plans and programs designed to develop economic resources and increase productive capacities. The President shall determine the interest payable on any loan. In making loans under this part, the President shall consider the economic circumstances of the borrower and other relevant factors, including the capacity of the recipient country to repay the loan at a reasonable rate of interest, except that loans may not be made at a rate of interest of less than 3 per centum per annum commencing not later than ten years following the date on which the funds are initially made available under the loan, during which ten-year period the rate of interest shall not be lower than 2 per centum per annum, nor higher than the applicable legal rate of interest of the country in which the loan is made.

(c) Dollar receipts from loans to be paid into Treasury

Dollar receipts paid during any fiscal year from loans made under subchapter I of this chapter or from loans made under predecessor foreign assistance legislation shall be deposited in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.

(d) Assistance to research and educational institutions in United States; limitation on amounts

Not to exceed $10,000,000 of the funds made available each fiscal year for the purposes of this part may be used for assistance, on such terms and conditions as the President may determine, to research and educational institutions in the United States for the purpose of strengthening their capacity to develop and carry out programs concerned with the economic and social development of developing countries.

(e) Development Loan Committee; establishment; duties; appointment of officers

The President shall establish an interagency Development Loan Committee, consisting of such officers from such agencies of the United States Government as he may determine, which shall, under the direction of the President, establish standards and criteria for lending operations under this part in accordance with the foreign and financial policies of the United States. Except in the case of officers serving in positions to which they were appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, officers assigned to the Committee shall be so assigned by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §122, as added Pub. L. 95–424, title I, §102(a), (b)(1), (c)(1), (d), Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 940, 941.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Subsec. (b) of this section consists of provisions formerly contained in subsections (b), (c), and (d) of section 2161 of this title. Subsec. (e) of this section consists of provisions formerly contained in section 2164 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter II

References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include parts IV (§2346 et seq.), VI (§2348 et seq.), and VIII (§2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 2151 of this title.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1935 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE / Section 1935: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Status: repealed

Section 1935, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §415, 68 Stat. 849; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §8(l), 70 Stat. 559, related to stockpiling of supplies.

Section 1936, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §416, 68 Stat. 849; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §8(m), 71 Stat. 362, provided for facilitation and encouragement of travel.
22 U.S.C. § 283e (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XII: INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 283e: Payment of subscription to Bank and Fund by United States
Payment of subscription to Bank and Fund by United States
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization of appropriations

There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, for the purchase of thirty-five thousand shares of capital stock in the Bank, $350 million. In addition, there is authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, for payment of the subscription of the United States to the Fund for Special Operations, $100 million.

(b) Issuance of special notes

For the purpose of keeping to a minimum the cost to the United States of participation in the Bank, the Secretary of the Treasury, after paying the requisite part of the subscription and quota of the United States in the Bank required to be made under article II, section 4, and article IV, section 3, respectively, of the agreement, is authorized and directed to issue special notes of the United States from time to time, at par, and to deliver such notes to the Bank in exchange for dollars to the extent permitted by the agreement. The special notes provided for in this subsection shall be issued under the authority and subject to the provisions of chapter 31 of title 31, and the purposes for which securities may be issued under that chapter are extended to include the purposes for which special notes are authorized and directed to be issued under this subsection, but such notes shall bear no interest, shall be nonnegotiable, and shall be payable on demand of the Bank. The face amount of special notes issued to the Bank under the authority of this subsection and outstanding at any one time shall not exceed, in the aggregate, the amount of the subscription and quota of the United States actually paid to the Bank under article II, section 4, and article IV, section 3, respectively, of the agreement.

(c) Income covered into Treasury

Any payment made to the United States by the Bank as a distribution of net income shall be covered into the Treasury as a miscellaneous receipt.

(Pub. L. 86–147, §7, Aug. 7, 1959, 73 Stat. 300.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

In subsec. (b), "chapter 31 of title 31" and "that chapter" substituted for "the Second Liberty Bond Act, as amended" and "that Act", respectively, on authority of Pub. L. 97–258, §4(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.
22 U.S.C. § 9201 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 99: NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS AND POLICY ENHANCEMENT / Section 9201: Findings; purposes
Findings; purposes
Status: in_force

(a) Findings

Congress finds the following:

(1) The Government of North Korea—

(A) has repeatedly violated its commitments to the complete, verifiable, and irreversible dismantlement of its nuclear weapons programs; and

(B) has willfully violated multiple United Nations Security Council resolutions calling for North Korea to cease development, testing, and production of weapons of mass destruction.

(2) Based on its past actions, including the transfer of sensitive nuclear and missile technology to state sponsors of terrorism, North Korea poses a grave risk for the proliferation of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction.

(3) The Government of North Korea has been implicated repeatedly in money laundering and other illicit activities, including—

(A) prohibited arms sales;

(B) narcotics trafficking;

(C) the counterfeiting of United States currency;

(D) significant activities undermining cybersecurity; and

(E) the counterfeiting of intellectual property of United States persons.

(4) North Korea has—

(A) unilaterally withdrawn from the Agreement Concerning a Military Armistice in Korea, signed at Panmunjom July 27, 1953 (commonly referred to as the "Korean War Armistice Agreement"); and

(B) committed provocations against South Korea—

(i) by sinking the warship Cheonan and killing 46 of her crew on March 26, 2010;

(ii) by shelling Yeonpyeong Island and killing 4 South Korean civilians on November 23, 2010;

(iii) by its involvement in the "DarkSeoul" cyberattacks against the financial and communications interests of South Korea on March 20, 2013; and

(iv) by planting land mines near a guard post in the South Korean portion of the demilitarized zone that maimed 2 South Korean soldiers on August 4, 2015.

(5) North Korea maintains a system of brutal political prison camps that contain as many as 200,000 men, women, and children, who are—

(A) kept in atrocious living conditions with insufficient food, clothing, and medical care; and

(B) under constant fear of torture or arbitrary execution.

(6) North Korea has prioritized weapons programs and the procurement of luxury goods—

(A) in defiance of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009), 2087 (2013), and 2094 (2013); and

(B) in gross disregard of the needs of the people of North Korea.

(7) Persons, including financial institutions, who engage in transactions with, or provide financial services to, the Government of North Korea and its financial institutions without establishing sufficient financial safeguards against North Korea's use of such transactions to promote proliferation, weapons trafficking, human rights violations, illicit activity, and the purchase of luxury goods—

(A) aid and abet North Korea's misuse of the international financial system; and

(B) violate the intent of the United Nations Security Council resolutions referred to in paragraph (6)(A).

(8) The Government of North Korea has provided technical support and conducted destructive and coercive cyberattacks, including against Sony Pictures Entertainment and other United States persons.

(9) The conduct of the Government of North Korea poses an imminent threat to—

(A) the security of the United States and its allies;

(B) the global economy;

(C) the safety of members of the United States Armed Forces;

(D) the integrity of the global financial system;

(E) the integrity of global nonproliferation programs; and

(F) the people of North Korea.

(10) The Government of North Korea has sponsored acts of international terrorism, including—

(A) attempts to assassinate defectors and human rights activists; and

(B) the shipment of weapons to terrorists and state sponsors of terrorism.

(b) Purposes

The purposes of this chapter are—

(1) to use nonmilitary means to address the crisis described in subsection (a);

(2) to provide diplomatic leverage to negotiate necessary changes in the conduct of the Government of North Korea;

(3) to ease the suffering of the people of North Korea; and

(4) to reaffirm the purposes set forth in section 7802 of this title.

(Pub. L. 114–122, §2, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 94.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 114–122, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 93, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note below and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 114–122, title IV, §406, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 116, provided that: "Except as otherwise provided in this Act, this Act [see Short Title note below] and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 18, 2016]."

Short Title of 2019 Amendment

Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXI, §7101, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2244, provided that: "This title [enacting subchapter V of this chapter and sections 262p–13, 286yy, 9221b, and 9221c of this title, amending sections 7103, 9202, 9212, 9214, 9223, 9224, 9228, 9241, and 9251 of this title and section 312 of Title 31, Money and Finance, repealing sections 262p–13 and 286yy of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 262p–13, 286yy, and 7101 of this title and section 3305 of Title 12, Banks and Banking] may be cited as the 'Otto Warmbier North Korea Nuclear Sanctions and Enforcement Act of 2019'."

Short Title of 2017 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–44, title III, §301, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 940, provided that: "This title [enacting sections 9221a, 9225, 9241a, 9241b of this title and section 1232c of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters, amending sections 2708, 9202, 9214, 9223, 9228, and 9241 of this title and sections 1223 and 1232 of Title 33, repealing section 9225 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 9202, 9214, and 9241 of this title] may be cited as the 'Korean Interdiction and Modernization of Sanctions Act'."

Short Title

Pub. L. 114–122, §1(a), Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 93, provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter and amending section 7814 of this title and sections 981, 983, and 1956 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] may be cited as the 'North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016'."

Rule of Construction for Pub. L. 115–232

Nothing in Pub. L. 115–232 [see Tables for classification] to be construed to authorize the use of force against North Korea, see section 1295 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note under section 8784 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1831 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE / Section 1831: Repealed. Pub. L. 85-141, §3, Aug. 14, 1957, 71 Stat. 356
Repealed. Pub. L. 85-141, §3, Aug. 14, 1957, 71 Stat. 356
Status: repealed

Section 1831, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title 1, §121, 68 Stat. 837; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, §3(a), 69 Stat. 284, authorized appropriations for assistance for Southeast Asia and Western Pacific for the fiscal year 1955.

Sections 1832, 1833, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title I, §§122, 123, 68 Stat. 837, 838, authorized appropriations for fiscal year 1955 for manufacture in United Kingdom of military aircraft, and for provision of any common-use equipment, materials, commodities, or services which are to be used by military forces of nations receiving assistance.

Section 1834, act Aug. 20, 1954, ch. 937, title I, §124, as added July 8, 1955, ch. 301, §3(b), 69 Stat. 284, authorized appropriations for fiscal year 1956 to provide assistance in form of direct forces support to be delivered or rendered directly to military forces of nations eligible for military assistance.
22 U.S.C. § 8518 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 92: COMPREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND DIVESTMENT / Subchapter I: SANCTIONS / Section 8518: Reports on investments in the energy sector of Iran
Reports on investments in the energy sector of Iran
Status: in_force

(a) Initial report

(1) In general

Not later than 90 days after July 1, 2010, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report—

(A) on investments in the energy sector of Iran that were made during the period described in paragraph (2); and

(B) that contains—

(i) an estimate of the volume of energy-related resources (other than refined petroleum), including ethanol, that Iran imported during the period described in paragraph (2); and

(ii) a list of all significant known energy-related joint ventures, investments, and partnerships located outside Iran that involve Iranian entities in partnership with entities from other countries, including an identification of the entities from other countries; and

(iii) an estimate of—

(I) the total value of each such joint venture, investment, and partnership; and

(II) the percentage of each such joint venture, investment, and partnership owned by an Iranian entity.

(2) Period described

The period described in this paragraph is the period beginning on January 1, 2006, and ending on the date that is 60 days after July 1, 2010.

(b) Updated reports

Not later than 180 days after submitting the report required by subsection (a), and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report, covering the 180-day period beginning on the date that is 30 days before the date on which the preceding report was required to be submitted by this section, that—

(1) contains the matters required in the report under subsection (a)(1); and

(2) identifies—

(A) the volume of crude oil and refined petroleum products imported to and exported from Iran (including through swaps and similar arrangements);

(B) the persons selling and transporting crude oil and refined petroleum products described in subparagraph (A), the countries with primary jurisdiction over those persons, and the countries in which those products were refined;

(C) the sources of financing for imports to Iran of crude oil and refined petroleum products described in subparagraph (A); and

(D) the involvement of foreign persons in efforts to assist Iran in—

(i) developing upstream oil and gas production capacity;

(ii) importing advanced technology to upgrade existing Iranian refineries;

(iii) converting existing chemical plants to petroleum refineries; or

(iv) maintaining, upgrading, or expanding existing refineries or constructing new refineries.

(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, §110, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1338; Pub. L. 112–158, title II, §224, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1240.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 8551(a) of this title.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2012—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–158 substituted "a report, covering the 180-day period beginning on the date that is 30 days before the date on which the preceding report was required to be submitted by this section, that—" for "a report containing the matters required in the report under subsection (a)(1) for the 180-day period beginning on the date that is 30 days before the date on which the preceding report was required to be submitted by this section." and added pars. (1) and (2).

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions of President under this section delegated to Secretary of State, see Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 23, 2010, 75 F.R. 67025, set out as a note under section 8501 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2652c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2652c: Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance
Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance
Status: in_force

(a) Designation of position

The Secretary of State shall designate one of the Assistant Secretaries of State authorized by section 2651a(c)(1) of this title as the Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance. The Assistant Secretary shall report to the Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security.

(b) Directive governing the Assistant Secretary of State

(1) In general

Not later than 30 days after November 29, 1999, the Secretary of State shall issue a directive governing the position of the Assistant Secretary.

(2) Elements of the directive

The directive issued under paragraph (1) shall set forth, consistent with this section—

(A) the duties of the Assistant Secretary;

(B) the relationships between the Assistant Secretary and other officials of the Department of State;

(C) any delegation of authority from the Secretary of State to the Assistant Secretary; and

(D) such matters as the Secretary considers appropriate.

(c) Duties

(1) In general

The Assistant Secretary shall have as his principal responsibility the overall supervision (including oversight of policy and resources) within the Department of State of all matters relating to verification and compliance with international arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements or commitments.

(2) Participation of the Assistant Secretary

(A) Primary role

Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the Assistant Secretary, or his designee, shall participate in all interagency groups or organizations within the executive branch of Government that assess, analyze, or review United States planned or ongoing policies, programs, or actions that have a direct bearing on verification or compliance matters, including interagency intelligence committees concerned with the development or exploitation of measurement or signals intelligence or other national technical means of verification.

(B) Requirement for designation

Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to groups or organizations on which the Secretary of State or the Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security sits, unless such official designates the Assistant Secretary to attend in his stead.

(C) National security limitation

(i) Waiver by President

The President may waive the provisions of subparagraph (A) if inclusion of the Assistant Secretary would not be in the national security interests of the United States.

(ii) Waiver by others

With respect to an interagency group or organization, or meeting thereof, working with exceptionally sensitive information contained in compartments under the control of the Director of Central Intelligence, the Secretary of Defense, or the Secretary of Energy, such Director or Secretary, as the case may be, may waive the provision of subparagraph (A) if inclusion of the Assistant Secretary would not be in the national security interests of the United States.

(iii) Transmission of waiver to Congress

Any waiver of participation under clause (i) or (ii) shall be transmitted in writing to the appropriate committees of Congress.

(3) Relationship to the intelligence community

The Assistant Secretary shall be the principal policy community representative to the intelligence community on verification and compliance matters.

(4) Reporting responsibilities

The Assistant Secretary shall have responsibility within the Department of State for—

(A) all reports required pursuant to section 2577 of this title;

(B) so much of the report required under paragraphs (4) through (6) of section 2593a(a) of this title as relates to verification or compliance matters;

(C) so much of the reports required under section 8003 of this title as relates to verification or compliance matters; and

(D) other reports being prepared by the Department of State as of November 29, 1999, relating to arms control, nonproliferation, or disarmament verification or compliance matters.

(Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(7) [div. B, title XI, §1112], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–486; Pub. L. 109–401, title I, §108, Dec. 18, 2006, 120 Stat. 2738.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (c)(4)(C), (D). Pub. L. 109–401 added subpar. (C) and redesignated former subpar. (C) as (D).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Director's capacity as the head of the intelligence community deemed to be a reference to the Director of National Intelligence. Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Director's capacity as the head of the Central Intelligence Agency deemed to be a reference to the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. See section 1081(a), (b) of Pub. L. 108–458, set out as a note under section 3001 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

Definitions

Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(7) [div. B, title XI, §1102], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–485, provided that: "In this title [see Short Title of 1999 Amendment note set out under section 2551 of this title]:

"(1) Appropriate committees of congress.—The term 'appropriate committees of Congress' means the Committee on International Relations [now Committee on Foreign Affairs] and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.

"(2) Assistant secretary.—The term 'Assistant Secretary' means the position of Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance designated under section 1112 [22 U.S.C. 2652c].

"(3) Executive agency.—The term 'Executive agency' has the meaning given the term in section 105 of title 5, United States Code.

"(4) Intelligence community.—The term 'intelligence community' has the meaning given the term in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 401a(4)) [now 50 U.S.C. 3003(4)].

"(5) START treaty or treaty.—The term 'START Treaty' or 'Treaty' means the Treaty With the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, including all agreed statements, annexes, protocols, and memoranda, signed at Moscow on July 31, 1991.

"(6) START ii treaty.—The term 'START II Treaty' means the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, and related protocols and memorandum of understanding, signed at Moscow on January 3, 1993."
22 U.S.C. § 2431f (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: DEBT REDUCTION FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH TROPICAL FORESTS / Section 2431f: Authority to engage in debt-for-nature swaps and debt buybacks
Authority to engage in debt-for-nature swaps and debt buybacks
Status: in_force

(a) Loans and credits eligible for sale, reduction, or cancellation

(1) Debt-for-nature swaps

(A) In general

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President may, in accordance with this section, sell to any eligible purchaser described in subparagraph (B) any concessional loans described in section 2431d(a)(1) of this title or any credits described in section 2431e(a)(1) of this title, or on receipt of payment from an eligible purchaser described in subparagraph (B), reduce or cancel such loans (or credits) or portion thereof, only for the purpose of facilitating a debt-for-nature swap to support eligible activities described in section 2431g(d) of this title.

(B) Eligible purchaser described

A loan or credit may be sold, reduced, or canceled under subparagraph (A) only to a purchaser who presents plans satisfactory to the President for using the loan or credit for the purpose of engaging in debt-for-nature swaps to support eligible activities described in section 2431g(d) of this title.

(C) Consultation requirement

Before the sale under subparagraph (A) to any eligible purchaser described in subparagraph (B), or any reduction or cancellation under such subparagraph (A), of any loan or credit made to an eligible country, the President shall consult with the country concerning the amount of loans or credits to be sold, reduced, or canceled and their uses for debt-for-nature swaps to support eligible activities described in section 2431g(d) of this title.

(D) Authorization of appropriations

For the cost (as defined in section 661a(5) of title 2) for the reduction of any debt pursuant to subparagraph (A), amounts authorized to be appropriated under sections 2431d(a)(2), 2431e(a)(2), and 2431d(d) of this title shall be made available for such reduction of debt pursuant to subparagraph (A).

(2) Debt buybacks

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President may, in accordance with this section, sell to any eligible country any concessional loans described in section 2431d(a)(1) of this title or any credits described in section 2431e(a)(1) of this title, or on receipt of payment from an eligible country, reduce or cancel such loans (or credits) or portion thereof, only for the purpose of facilitating a debt buyback by an eligible country of its own qualified debt, only if the eligible country uses an additional amount of the local currency of the eligible country, equal to not less than the lessor of 40 percent of the price paid for such debt by such eligible country, or the difference between the price paid for such debt and the face value of such debt, to support eligible activities described in section 2431g(d) of this title.

(3) Limitation

The authority provided by paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be available only to the extent that appropriations for the cost (as defined in section 661a(5) of title 2) of the modification of any debt pursuant to such paragraphs are made in advance.

(4) Terms and conditions

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President shall, in accordance with this section, establish the terms and conditions under which loans and credits may be sold, reduced, or canceled pursuant to this section.

(5) Administration

(A) In general

The Facility shall notify the administrator of the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter or the Commodity Credit Corporation, as the case may be, of eligible purchasers described in paragraph (1)(B) that the President has determined to be eligible under paragraph (1), and shall direct such agency or Corporation, as the case may be, to carry out the sale, reduction, or cancellation of a loan pursuant to such paragraph.

(B) Additional requirement

Such agency or Corporation, as the case may be, shall make an adjustment in its accounts to reflect the sale, reduction, or cancellation.

(C) United States Government representation on the administering body

One or more individuals appointed by the United States Government shall serve in an official capacity on the administering body that oversees the implementation of grants arising from a debt-for-nature swap or debt buyback regardless of whether the United States is a party to any agreement between the eligible purchaser and the government of the beneficiary country.

(b) Deposit of proceeds

The proceeds from the sale, reduction, or cancellation of any loan sold, reduced, or canceled pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the United States Government account or accounts established for the repayment of such loan.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. V, §808, as added Pub. L. 105–214, §1, July 29, 1998, 112 Stat. 889; amended Pub. L. 107–26, §2(b), Aug. 17, 2001, 115 Stat. 206; Pub. L. 115–440, §7, Jan. 14, 2019, 132 Stat. 5582.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (a)(5)(C). Pub. L. 115–440 added subpar. (C).

2001—Subsec. (a)(1)(D). Pub. L. 107–26 substituted "to be appropriated under sections 2431d(a)(2), 2431e(a)(2), and 2431d(d) of this title" for "to appropriated under sections 2431d(a)(2) and 2431e(a)(2) of this title".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter II

References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include parts IV (§2346 et seq.), VI (§2348 et seq.), and VIII (§2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.

For delegation of functions of President under subsec. (a) of this section, see section 1 of Ex. Ord. No. 13345, July 8, 2004, 69 F.R. 41901, set out as a note under section 1738 of Title 7, Agriculture.
22 U.S.C. § 135 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 1: DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR SERVICE GENERALLY / Section 135: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 135, act June 10, 1933, ch. 57, 48 Stat. 122, which related to protection of diplomatic codes, was transferred to section 815 of this title, and was subsequently repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, §21, 62 Stat. 862.

Section 136, act July 5, 1946, ch. 541, title I, 60 Stat. 452, which related to temporary assignment of American citizens in Foreign Service to Department of State during national emergencies, was transferred and set out as a note under section 909 of this title and subsequently omitted from the Code.
22 U.S.C. § 501 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 10: HEMISPHERAL RELATIONS / Subchapter I: GENERALLY / Section 501: Utilization of services of Government agencies to promote inter-American relations
Utilization of services of Government agencies to promote inter-American relations
Status: in_force

In order to render closer and more effective the relationship between the American republics the President of the United States is authorized, subject to such appropriations as are made available for the purpose, to utilize the services of the departments, agencies, and independent establishments of the Government in carrying out the reciprocal undertakings and cooperative purposes enunciated in the treaties, resolutions, declarations, and recommendations signed by all of the twenty-one American republics at the Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace held at Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1936, and at the Eighth International Conference of American States held at Lima, Peru, in 1938.

(Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 616, §1, 53 Stat. 1290.)
22 U.S.C. § 288a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVIII: PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS / Section 288a: Privileges, exemptions, and immunities of international organizations
Privileges, exemptions, and immunities of international organizations
Status: in_force

International organizations shall enjoy the status, immunities, exemptions, and privileges set forth in this section, as follows:

(a) International organizations shall, to the extent consistent with the instrument creating them, possess the capacity—

(i) to contract;

(ii) to acquire and dispose of real and personal property;

(iii) to institute legal proceedings.

(b) International organizations, their property and their assets, wherever located, and by whomsoever held, shall enjoy the same immunity from suit and every form of judicial process as is enjoyed by foreign governments, except to the extent that such organizations may expressly waive their immunity for the purpose of any proceedings or by the terms of any contract.

(c) Property and assets of international organizations, wherever located and by whomsoever held, shall be immune from search, unless such immunity be expressly waived, and from confiscation. The archives of international organizations shall be inviolable.

(d) Insofar as concerns customs duties and internal-revenue taxes imposed upon or by reason of importation, and the procedures in connection therewith; the registration of foreign agents; and the treatment of official communications, the privileges, exemptions, and immunities to which international organizations shall be entitled shall be those accorded under similar circumstances to foreign governments.

(Dec. 29, 1945, ch. 652, title I, §2, 59 Stat. 669.)
22 U.S.C. § 2152d (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2152d: Assistance to foreign countries to meet minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking
Assistance to foreign countries to meet minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization

The President is authorized to provide assistance to foreign countries directly, or through nongovernmental and multilateral organizations, for programs, projects, and activities designed to meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking (as defined in section 7102 of this title), including—

(1) the drafting of laws to prohibit and punish acts of trafficking;

(2) the investigation and prosecution of traffickers, including investigation of individuals and entities that may be involved in trafficking in persons involving sexual exploitation;

(3) the creation and maintenance of facilities, programs, projects, and activities for the protection of victims; and

(4) the expansion of exchange programs and international visitor programs for governmental and nongovernmental personnel to combat trafficking.

(b) Funding

Amounts made available to carry out the other provisions of subchapter I of this chapter (including part IV of subchapter II of this chapter) and the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 [22 U.S.C. 5401 et seq.] shall be made available to carry out this section. Assistance may be provided under this section notwithstanding section 2420 of this title.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §134, as added Pub. L. 106–386, div. A, §109, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1481; amended Pub. L. 108–193, §6(f), Dec. 19, 2003, 117 Stat. 2883; Pub. L. 110–457, title I, §103(b), Dec. 23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5046.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 101–179, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1298, which is classified principally to chapter 63 (§5401 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5401 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 110–457 inserted ", including investigation of individuals and entities that may be involved in trafficking in persons involving sexual exploitation" before semicolon at end.

2003—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–193 inserted at end "Assistance may be provided under this section notwithstanding section 2420 of this title."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter II

References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include parts IV (§2346 et seq.), VI (§2348 et seq.), and VIII (§2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 3371 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 48A: TAIWAN ENHANCED RESILIENCE / Subchapter III: INCLUSION OF TAIWAN IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS / Section 3371: Findings
Findings
Status: in_force

Congress makes the following findings:

(1) Since 2016, the Gambia, Sao Tome and Principe, Panama, the Dominican Republic, Burkina Faso, El Salvador, the Solomon Islands, and Kiribati have severed diplomatic relations with Taiwan in favor of diplomatic relations with China.

(2) Taiwan was invited to participate in the World Health Assembly (WHA), the decision-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO), as an observer annually between 2009 and 2016. Since the 2016 election of President Tsai, the PRC has increasingly resisted Taiwan's participation in the WHA. Taiwan was not invited to attend the WHA in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, or 2021.

(3) The Taipei Flight Information Region reportedly served 1,750,000 flights and 68,900,000 passengers in 2018, and is home to Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, the eleventh busiest airport in the world. Taiwan has been excluded from participating at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) since 2013.

(4) United Nations (UN) General Assembly Resolution 2758 does not address the issue of representation of Taiwan and its people at the United Nations, nor does it give the PRC the right to represent the people of Taiwan.

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5516, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3317.)
22 U.S.C. § 1645d (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter VII: CLAIMS AGAINST VIETNAM / Section 1645d: Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities
Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities
Status: in_force

(a) Nationals of United States; charge on property

A claim under section 1645b of this title based upon an ownership interest in any corporation, association, or other entity which is a national of the United States may not be considered. A claim under section 1645b of this title based upon a debt or other obligation owing by any corporation, association, or other entity organized under the laws of the United States, or of any State, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico may be considered only if such debt or other obligation is a charge on property which has been nationalized, expropriated, or otherwise taken by Vietnam.

(b) Direct ownership

A claim under section 1645b of this title based upon a direct ownership interest in a corporation, association, or other entity may be considered, subject to the other provisions of this subchapter, if such corporation, association, or other entity on the date of the loss was not a national of the United States, without regard to the per centum of ownership vested in the claimant.

(c) Indirect ownership

A claim under section 1645b of this title based upon an indirect ownership interest in a corporation, association, or other entity may be considered, subject to the other provisions of this subchapter, only if at least 25 per centum of the entire ownership interest thereof, at the time of such loss, was vested in nationals of the United States or if, at the time of the loss, nationals of the United States in fact controlled the corporation, association, or entity, as determined by the Commission.

(d) Computation of award

The amount of any claim covered by subsection (b) or (c) of this section shall be calculated on the basis of the total loss suffered by the corporation, association, or other entity, with respect to which the claim is made, and shall bear the same proportion to such loss as the ownership interest of the claimant at the time of loss bears to the entire ownership interest thereof.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VII, §705, as added Pub. L. 96–606, Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3535.)
22 U.S.C. § 4805 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 58: DIPLOMATIC SECURITY / Subchapter I: GENERALLY / Section 4805: Cooperation of other Federal agencies
Cooperation of other Federal agencies
Status: in_force

(a) Assistance

In order to facilitate fulfillment of the responsibilities described in section 4802(a) of this title, other Federal agencies shall cooperate (through agreements) to the maximum extent possible with the Secretary of State. Such agencies may, with or without reimbursement, provide assistance to the Secretary, perform security inspections, provide logistical support relating to the differing missions and facilities of other Federal agencies, and perform other overseas security functions as may be authorized by the Secretary. Specifically, the Secretary may agree to delegate operational control of overseas security functions of other Federal agencies to the heads of such agencies, subject to the Secretary's authority as set forth in section 4802(a) of this title. The agency head receiving such delegated authority shall be responsible to the Secretary in the exercise of the delegated operational control.

(b) Other agencies

Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to limit or impair the authority or responsibility of any other Federal, State, or local agency with respect to law enforcement, domestic security operations, or intelligence activities as defined in Executive Order 12333.

(c) Certain lease arrangements

The Administrator of General Services is authorized to lease (to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in appropriation Acts) such amount of space in the United States as may be necessary for the Department of State to accommodate the personnel required to carry out this subchapter. The Department of State shall pay for such space at the rate established by the Administrator of General Services for space and related services.

(Pub. L. 99–399, title I, §106, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 857.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "titles I through IV", meaning titles I through IV of Pub. L. 99–399, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 855, known as the Diplomatic Security Act, which are classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of titles I through IV of Pub. L. 99–399 to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4801 of this title and Tables.

Executive Order 12333, referred to in subsec. (b), is Ex. Ord. No. 12333, Dec. 4, 1981, 46 F.R. 59941, which is set out as a note under section 3001 of Title 50, War and National Defense.
22 U.S.C. § 5425 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 63: SUPPORT FOR EAST EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY (SEED) / Subchapter II: PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT / Section 5425: Use of Polish currency generated by agricultural assistance
Use of Polish currency generated by agricultural assistance
Status: in_force

(a) Additional assistance for Poland

A portion of the agricultural commodities described in subsection (c) may be made available and sold or bartered in Poland to generate local currencies to be used—

(1) to complement the assistance for Poland authorized by sections 5413(b), 5421, and 5423 of this title, and

(2) to support the activities of the joint commission established pursuant to section 2226 of the American Aid to Poland Act of 1988 (7 U.S.C. 1431 note),

notwithstanding section 1431(b)(7) of title 7 or any other provision of law.

(b) Emphasis on agricultural development

The uses of local currencies generated under this section should emphasize the development of agricultural infrastructure, agriculture-related training, and other aspects of agricultural development in Poland.

(c) Commodities subject to requirements

Subsection (a) applies with respect to agricultural commodities made available for Poland for fiscal years 1990, 1991, and 1992 under section 1431(b) of title 7, the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1691 and following), and section 1736o of title 7.

(d) Other uses not precluded

The uses of agricultural commodities and local currencies specified in subsection (a) are in addition to other uses authorized by law.

(Pub. L. 101–179, title II, §205, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1310; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(U), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820, 1821.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 2226 of the American Aid to Poland Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 2226 of Pub. L. 100–418, which is set out as a note under section 1431 of Title 7, Agriculture.

The Food for Peace Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified generally to chapter 41 (§1691 et seq.) of Title 7. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246 substituted "Food for Peace Act" for "Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
22 U.S.C. § 1898 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE / Section 1898: Repealed. Pub. L. 86-472, ch. II, §203(d), May 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 136
Repealed. Pub. L. 86-472, ch. II, §203(d), May 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 136
Status: repealed

Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §308, 68 Stat. 842; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, §7(c), 69 Stat. 286; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §204(c), 73 Stat, 249, created an advisory board and provided for its duties, membership, allowances, and expenses.
22 U.S.C. § 3507 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 50: INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION / Section 3507: Council on International Scientific and Technological Cooperation
Council on International Scientific and Technological Cooperation
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

In order to further the purposes of the Institute, the President is authorized to establish a Council on International Scientific and Technological Cooperation (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Council").

(b) Functions

(1) The Council shall—

(A) advise the Director with respect to the policies, programs, planning, and procedures of the Institute;

(B) make recommendations to the Director on the use of the resources available to the Institute; and

(C) advise the Director on matters involving the activities of the Institute overseas and appropriate relationships with the private sector, within and outside the United States.

(2) The Council shall prepare an annual report setting forth the major recommendations made and advice given pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(c) Advice to Director concerning selection, termination, or change in activities, and transfer of government programs and projects to Institute; review and recommendations respecting new programs and initiatives

The Director shall seek the advice of the Council before making any decision with respect to the selection or termination of, or any significant change in, the areas and issues in which the Institute conducts its activities, and with respect to the transfer of specific programs and projects from any other Government agency to the Institute. The Council shall have the authority to review all new programs and initiatives before their implementation and to make recommendations with regard to the approval or disapproval of new programs and initiatives having a cost in excess of $500,000 or a duration greater than two years.

(d) Composition; Chairman; appointment, terms, etc., of members

The Council shall consist of up to twenty-five members appointed by the President, one of whom the President shall designate as Chairman. The members of the Council shall be appointed for terms of four years, except that the members first appointed shall be appointed for terms of one, two, three, or four years, as designated by the President at the time of their appointment, so that the terms of approximately one-fourth of the members of the Council expire in any year. The members of the Council shall be selected from among—

(1) citizens of the United States who are widely recognized for their broad knowledge of, or expertise in, science and technology, or their interest in the scientific and technological problems of developing countries;

(2) citizens of foreign countries who by their knowledge and expertise are capable of providing advice and guidance to the Institute on the application of science and technology to the problems of developing countries, except that not more than one-third of the membership of the Council shall consist of members who are citizens of foreign countries; and

(3) officials of the United States Government, except that not to exceed five members of the Council may be appointed under this paragraph, one of whom shall be the Secretary of State or his designee.

(e) Compensation, reimbursement, status, etc., of nongovernmental members

Members of the Council who are not officials of the United States Government shall be entitled to compensation, not to exceed the daily equivalent of the highest rate which may be paid to an employee under the General Schedule established by section 5332 of title 5, while in the performance of their duties under this chapter, and to reimbursement for expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence while away from their homes or regular places of business in the same manner as persons employed intermittently in Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703 of title 5. Members of the Council who are not officials of the United States Government shall not be deemed officers, employees, or otherwise in the service or employment of the United States Government for any purpose, except that members of the Council who are United States citizens shall be deemed Government employees for the purposes of sections 202, 203, 205, 207, 208, and 209 of title 18.

(f) Executive and additional committees; membership, powers, etc., of Executive Committee

The Council may appoint from among its members an Executive Committee, and such other committees it deems necessary, to assist it in exercising its powers and functions. The Executive Committee shall consist of seven members, one of whom shall be the Chairman of the Council and not more than three of whom shall be employees of the United States Government. The Executive Committee shall exercise such powers and functions as are delegated to it by the Council.

(Pub. L. 96–53, title IV, §407, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 374.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (e), was in the original "this title", meaning title IV of Pub. L. 96–53, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 371, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title IV to the Code, see Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Pub. L. 96–53, set out as an Effective Date of 1979 Amendment note under section 2151 of this title.

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.
22 U.S.C. § 821 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter II: GOVERNING BODIES OF THE SERVICES / Section 821: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title II, §201, 60 Stat. 1000, set forth provisions relating to appointment and duties of Director General.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 8724 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 94: IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS / Subchapter II: ADDITIONAL MEASURES RELATING TO SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN / Section 8724: Continuation in effect of sanctions with respect to the Government of Iran, the Central Bank of Iran, and sanctions evaders
Continuation in effect of sanctions with respect to the Government of Iran, the Central Bank of Iran, and sanctions evaders
Status: in_force

(a) Sanctions relating to blocking of property of the Government of Iran and Iranian financial institutions

United States sanctions with respect to Iran provided for in Executive Order No. 13599 (77 Fed. Reg. 6659), as in effect on the day before August 10, 2012, shall remain in effect until the date that is 90 days after the date on which the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees the certification described in subsection (d).

(b) Sanctions relating to foreign sanctions evaders

United States sanctions with respect to Iran provided for in Executive Order No. 13608 (77 Fed. Reg. 26409), as in effect on the day before August 10, 2012, shall remain in effect until the date that is 30 days after the date on which the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees the certification described in section 401(a) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8551(a)).

(c) Continuation of sanctions with respect to the Central Bank of Iran

In addition to the sanctions referred to in subsection (a), the President shall continue to apply to the Central Bank of Iran sanctions pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), including blocking of property and restrictions or prohibitions on financial transactions and the exportation of property, until the date that is 90 days after the date on which the President submits to Congress the certification described in subsection (d).

(d) Certification described

(1) In general

The certification described in this subsection is the certification of the President to Congress that the Central Bank of Iran is not—

(A) providing financial services in support of, or otherwise facilitating, the ability of Iran to—

(i) acquire or develop chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons, or related technologies;

(ii) construct, equip, operate, or maintain nuclear facilities that could aid Iran's effort to acquire a nuclear capability; or

(iii) acquire or develop ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, or destabilizing types and amounts of conventional weapons; or

(B) facilitating transactions or providing financial services for—

(i) Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps; or

(ii) financial institutions the property or interests in property of which are blocked pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) in connection with—

(I) Iran's proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or delivery systems for weapons of mass destruction; or

(II) Iran's support for international terrorism.

(2) Submission to Congress

(A) In general

The President shall submit the certification described in paragraph (1) to the appropriate congressional committees in writing and shall include a justification for the certification.

(B) Form of certification

The certification described in paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex.

(e) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the authority of the President pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) or the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8501 et seq.).

(Pub. L. 112–158, title II, §217, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1233.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Executive Order No. 13599, referred to in subsec. (a), is Ex. Ord. No. 13599, Feb. 5, 2012, 77 F.R. 6659, which is listed in a table under section 1701 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

Executive Order No. 13608, referred to in subsec. (b), is Ex. Ord. No. 13608, May 1, 2012, 77 F.R. 26409, which is listed in tables under section 1701 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsecs. (c), (d)(1)(B)(ii), and (e), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.

The Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010, referred to in subsec. (e), is Pub. L. 111–195, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1312, which is classified principally to chapter 92 (§8501 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8501 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 4024 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VII: CAREER DEVELOPMENT, TRAINING, AND ORIENTATION / Section 4024: Functions of Secretary
Functions of Secretary
Status: in_force

(a) Nature and correlation of training and instruction; encouragement of complementary programs; employment of personnel; acquisition of property and equipment

In the exercise of functions under this subchapter, the Secretary of State may—

(1) provide for the general nature of the training and instruction to be furnished by the institution, including functional and geographic area specializations;

(2) correlate training and instruction furnished by the institution with courses given at other Government institutions and at private institutions which furnish training and instruction useful in the field of foreign affairs;

(3) encourage and foster programs complementary to those furnished by the institution, including through grants and other gratuitous assistance to nonprofit institutions cooperating in any of the programs under this subchapter;

(4)(A) employ in accordance with the civil service laws such personnel as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this subchapter, and

(B) if and to the extent determined to be necessary by the Secretary of State, obtain without regard to the provisions of law governing appointments in the competitive service, by appointment or contract (subject to the availability of appropriations), the services of individuals to serve as education and training specialists, including language instructors and linguists, and other specialists who perform work directly relating to the design, delivery, oversight, or coordination of training delivered by the institution (including, in the absence of suitably qualified United States citizens, qualified individuals who are not citizens of the United States); and

(5) acquire such real and personal property and equipment as may be necessary for the establishment, maintenance, and operation of the facilities necessary to carry out the provisions of this subchapter without regard to sections 3101(a) and (c), 3104, 3106, 3301(b)(2), and 6101 of title 41.

(b) Payment of salary, tuition, and other expenses; special monetary or other incentives

In furtherance of the objectives of this chapter, the Secretary may—

(1) pay the tuition and other expenses of members of the Service and employees of the Department who are assigned or detailed in accordance with law for special instruction or training, including orientation, language, and career development training;

(2) pay the salary (excluding premium pay or any special differential under section 3972 of this title) of members of the Service selected and assigned for training; and

(3) provide special monetary or other incentives to encourage members of the Service to acquire or retain proficiency in foreign languages or special abilities needed in the Service.

(c) Orientation and training for family members

The Secretary may provide to family members of members of the Service or of employees of the Department or other agencies, in anticipation of their assignment abroad or while abroad—

(1) appropriate orientation and language training; and

(2) functional training for anticipated prospective employment under section 3951 of this title.

(d) Training and certification for employees performing consular functions

(1) Before a United States citizen employee (other than a diplomatic or consular officer of the United States) may be designated by the Secretary of State, pursuant to regulation, to perform a consular function abroad, the United States citizen employee shall—

(A) be required to complete successfully a program of training essentially equivalent to the training that a consular officer who is a member of the Foreign Service would receive for purposes of performing such function; and

(B) be certified by an appropriate official of the Department of State to be qualified by knowledge and experience to perform such function.

(2) As used in this subsection, the term "consular function" includes the issuance of visas, the performance of notarial and other legalization functions, the adjudication of passport applications, the adjudication of nationality, and the issuance of citizenship documentation.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §704, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2100; Pub. L. 97–241, title I, §125(1), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 281; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §126(3), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 394; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, §2222(f), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–819; Pub. L. 114–323, title IV, §407, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1930.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 96–465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071, known as the Foreign Service Act of 1980, which is classified principally to this chapter (§3901 et seq.). For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3901 of this title and Tables.

Codification

In subsec. (a)(5), "sections 3101(a) and (c), 3104, 3106, 3301(b)(2), and 6101 of title 41" substituted for "section 3709 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (41 U.S.C. 5) and section 302 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (41 U.S.C. 252)" on authority of Pub. L. 111–350, §6(c), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3854, which Act enacted Title 41, Public Contracts.

Amendments

2016—Subsec. (a)(4)(B). Pub. L. 114–323 substituted "education and training specialists, including language instructors and linguists, and other specialists who perform work directly relating to the design, delivery, oversight, or coordination of training delivered by the institution" for "language instructors, linguists, and other academic and training specialists".

1998—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–277 added subsec. (d).

1994—Subsec. (a)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 103–236 substituted "institution" for "Institute".

1982—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 97–241 substituted "section 3972 of this title" for "section 3971 of this title".
22 U.S.C. § 9682 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 103: BETTER UTILIZATION OF INVESTMENTS LEADING TO DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter VI: TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS / Section 9682: Reorganization plan
Reorganization plan
Status: in_force

(a) Submission of plan

(1) In general

Not later than 120 days after October 5, 2018, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a reorganization plan regarding the following:

(A) The transfer of agencies, personnel, assets, and obligations to the Corporation pursuant to this subchapter.

(B) Any consolidation, reorganization, or streamlining of agencies transferred to the Corporation pursuant to this subchapter.

(C) Any efficiencies or cost savings achieved or additional costs incurred as a result of the transfer of agencies, personnel, assets, and obligations to the Corporation pursuant to this subchapter, including reductions in unnecessary or duplicative operations, assets, and personnel.

(2) Consultation

Not later than 15 days before the date on which the plan is transmitted pursuant to this subsection, the President shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees on such plan.

(b) Plan elements

The plan transmitted under subsection (a) shall contain, consistent with this chapter, such elements as the President deems appropriate, including the following:

(1) Identification of any functions of agencies transferred to the Corporation pursuant to this subchapter that will not be transferred to the Corporation under the plan.

(2) Specification of the steps to be taken to organize the Corporation, including the delegation or assignment of functions transferred to the Corporation.

(3) Specification of the funds available to each agency that will be transferred to the Corporation as a result of transfers under the plan.

(4) Specification of the proposed allocations within the Corporation of unexpended funds transferred in connection with transfers under the plan.

(5) Specification of any proposed disposition of property, facilities, contracts, records, and other assets and obligations of agencies transferred under the plan.

(6) Specification of the number of authorized positions and personnel employed before the end of the transition period that will be transferred to the Corporation, including plans to mitigate the impact of such transfers on the United States Agency for International Development.

(c) Report on coordination

(1) In general

The transfer of functions authorized by this section may occur only after the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development jointly submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and Committee on Foreign Relations and Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a report in writing that contains the information required by paragraph (2).

(2) Information required

The information required by this paragraph includes a description in detail of the procedures to be followed after the transfer of functions authorized by this section have occurred to coordinate between the Corporation and the United States Agency for International Development in carrying out the functions so transferred.

(d) Modification of plan

The President shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees before making any material modification or revision to the plan before the plan becomes effective in accordance with subsection (e).

(e) Effective date

(1) In general

The reorganization plan described in this section, including any modifications or revisions of the plan under subsection (c), shall become effective for an agency on the date specified in the plan (or the plan as modified pursuant to subsection (d)), except that such date may not be earlier than 90 days after the date the President has transmitted the reorganization plan to the appropriate congressional committees pursuant to subsection (a).

(2) Statutory construction

Nothing in this subsection may be construed to require the transfer of functions, personnel, records, balances of appropriations, or other assets of an agency on a single date.

(Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, §1462, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3511.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(1), was in the original "this title", meaning title VI (§§1461–1470) of div. F of Pub. L. 115–254, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3510, which is classified principally to this subchapter. Section 1464(2) of title VI of div. F of Pub. L. 115–254 repealed title IV of chapter 2 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2191 et seq.), other than subsections (g), (l), (m), and (n) of section 237 thereof (22 U.S.C. 2197(g), (l), (m), (n)), effective at the end of the transition period, as defined in section 9681 of this title. The reorganization plan described in this section was submitted on Mar. 8, 2019, with a proposed effective date of Oct. 1, 2019, and funding authorized on Dec. 20, 2019. For complete classification of title VI to the Code, see Tables.

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "this division", meaning division F of Pub. L. 115–254, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3485, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of division F to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9601 of this title and Tables.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions and Authorities Under the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development Act of 2018

Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 24, 2019, 84 F.R. 52353, provided:

Memorandum for the President of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation [and] the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 1462 of title VI of division F of Public Law 115–254 (section 9682 of title 22, United States Code) (the "Act"), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby delegate to the President of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, the functions and authorities vested in the President by the Act to submit a reorganization plan, including any modifications or revisions thereto, and to consult with the appropriate congressional committees on such plan, including any modifications and revisions thereto.

The President of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

Donald J. Trump.
22 U.S.C. § 3505 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 50: INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION / Section 3505: Director
Director
Status: in_force

(a) Appointment; compensation

There shall be a Director of the Institute (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Director") who shall be the chief executive officer of the Institute. The Director shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and shall receive compensation at the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5.

(b) Exercise of Presidential authority; delegation of authority

The President may exercise any authorities conferred upon him by this chapter through the Director or any other agency or officer of the United States Government as he shall direct. The Director or head of any such agency or any such officer may delegate to any of his subordinates authority to perform any of such functions.

(Pub. L. 96–53, title IV, §405, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 373.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title IV of Pub. L. 96–53, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 371, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title IV to the Code, see Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Pub. L. 96–53, set out as an Effective Date of 1979 Amendment note under section 2151 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 287p (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVII: UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION / Section 287p: Citizenship of members
Citizenship of members
Status: in_force

Each such member of the National Commission must be an American citizen.

(July 30, 1946, ch. 700, §4, 60 Stat. 713.)
22 U.S.C. § 3922c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter II: MANAGEMENT OF SERVICE / Section 3922c: Integration of foreign economic policy
Integration of foreign economic policy
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary, in conjunction with the Under Secretary of Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, shall establish—

(1) foreign economic policy priorities for each regional bureau, including for individual countries, as appropriate; and

(2) policies and guidance for integrating such foreign economic policy priorities throughout the Department.

(b) Deputy Assistant Secretary

Within each regional bureau of the Department, the Secretary shall task an existing Deputy Assistant Secretary with appropriate training and background in economic and commercial affairs with the responsibility for economic matters and interests within the responsibilities of each such regional bureau, including the integration of the foreign economic policy priorities established pursuant to subsection (a).

(c) Training

The Secretary shall establish curriculum at the George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center to develop the practical foreign economic policy expertise and skill sets of Foreign Service officers, including by making available distance-learning courses in commercial, economic, and business affairs, including in the following:

(1) The global business environment.

(2) The economics of development.

(3) Development and infrastructure finance.

(4) Current trade and investment agreements negotiations.

(5) Implementing existing multilateral and World Trade Organization agreements, and United States trade and investment agreements.

(6) Best practices for customs and export procedures.

(7) Market analysis and global supply chain management.

(Pub. L. 114–323, title IV, §406, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1929.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Department of State Authorities Act, Fiscal Year 2017, and not as part of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

For definitions of "Secretary", "Department", and "Foreign Service" as used in this section, see section 2 of Pub. L. 114–323, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 8141 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 88: NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY-UNITED STATES ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION / Subchapter IV: ENFORCEMENT / Section 8141: Recordkeeping violations
Recordkeeping violations
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any person willfully to fail or refuse—

(1) to establish or maintain any record required by any regulation prescribed under this chapter;

(2) to submit any report, notice, or other information to the United States Government in accordance with any regulation prescribed under this chapter; or

(3) to permit access to or copying of any record by the United States Government in accordance with any regulation prescribed under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 109–401, title II, §241, Dec. 18, 2006, 120 Stat. 2747.)
22 U.S.C. § 3922a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter II: MANAGEMENT OF SERVICE / Section 3922a: Representation of minorities and women in Foreign Service
Representation of minorities and women in Foreign Service
Status: in_force

(a) Development of program

The head of each agency utilizing the Foreign Service personnel system shall develop, consistent with section 7201 of title 5, a plan designed to increase significantly the number of members of minority groups and women in the Foreign Service in that agency.

(b) Emphasis on mid-levels

Each plan developed pursuant to this section shall, consistent with section 7201 of title 5, place particular emphasis on achieving significant increases in the numbers of minority group members and women who are in the mid-levels of the Foreign Service.

(Pub. L. 99–93, title I, §152, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 428; Pub. L. 100–204, title I, §185(c)(3), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1366.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987, and not as part of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1987—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–204 struck out subsec. (c) which read as follows: "The head of each agency utilizing the Foreign Service personnel system shall report annually to the Congress on the plan developed pursuant to this section as part of the report required to be submitted pursuant to section 3905(d)(2) of this title. Subsequent reports pursuant to that section shall include reports on the implementation of these plans, giving particular attention to the progress being made in increasing, through advancement and promotion, the numbers of members of minority groups and women in the mid-levels of the Foreign Service."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Report Concerning Minorities and the Foreign Service

Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXIII, §2318, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–829, required the Secretary of State to submit, in calendar years 1998 and 1999, a report to Congress concerning minorities and the Foreign Service officer corps, with relevant information and specified data.

Mid-Level Women and Minority Placement Program

Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §178, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 414, provided that:

"(a) Purpose.—It is the purpose of this section to promote the acquisition and retention of highly qualified, trained, and experienced women and minority personnel within the Foreign Service, to provide the maximum opportunity for the Foreign Service to meet staffing needs and to acquire the services of experienced and talented women and minority personnel, and to help alleviate the impact of downsizing, reduction-in-force, and budget restrictions occurring in the defense and national security-related agencies of the United States.

"(b) Establishment.—For each of the fiscal years 1994 and 1995, the Secretary of State shall to the maximum extent practicable appoint to the Foreign Service qualified women and minority applicants who are participants in the priority placement program of the Department of Defense, the Department of Defense out-placement referral program, the Office of Personnel Management Automated Applicant Referral System, or the Office of Personnel Management Interagency Placement Program. The Secretary shall make such appointments through the mid-level entry program of the Department of State under section 306 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3946].

"(c) Report.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 30, 1994], the Secretary of State shall prepare and submit a report concerning the implementation of subsection (a) to the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Such report shall include recommendations on methods to improve implementation of the purpose of this section."

Women and Minorities in Foreign Service

Pub. L. 100–204, title I, §183, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1364, provided that:

"(a) Findings.—The Congress finds that the Department of State and other Foreign Service agencies have not been successful in their efforts—

"(1) to recruit and retain members of minority groups in order to increase significantly the number of members of minority groups in the Foreign Service; and

"(2) to provide adequate career advancement for women and members of minority groups in order to increase significantly the numbers of women and members of minority groups in the senior levels of the Foreign Service.

"(b) A More Representative Foreign Service.—The Secretary of State and the head of each of the other agencies utilizing the Foreign Service personnel system—

"(1) shall substantially increase their efforts to implement effectively the plans required by section 152(a) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 [22 U.S.C. 3922a(a)], so that the Foreign Service becomes truly representative of the American people throughout all levels of the Foreign Service; and

"(2) shall ensure that those plans effectively address the need to promote increased numbers of qualified women and members of minority groups into the senior levels of the Foreign Service.

"(c) Department of State Hiring Practices of Minorities and Women.—The Secretary of State shall include annually as part of the report required to be submitted pursuant to section 105(d)(2) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [former 22 U.S.C. 3905(d)(2)]—

"(1) a report on the progress made at the Assistant Secretary and Bureau level of the Department of State in increasing the presence of minorities and women at all levels in the Foreign Service and Civil Service workforces of the Department of State, and

"(2) the specific actions taken to address the lack of Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in the Senior Executive Service and Senior Foreign Service of the Department of State."
22 U.S.C. § 272 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Section 272: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act June 19, 1934, ch. 676, §2, 48 Stat. 1183, provided that the President, in accepting membership in the International Labor Organization, was to assume no obligation under the covenant of the League of Nations.
22 U.S.C. § 3951 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter III: APPOINTMENTS / Section 3951: United States citizens hired abroad
United States citizens hired abroad
Status: in_force

(a) Appointment of family members

The Secretary, under section 3943 of this title, may appoint United States citizens, who are family members of government employees assigned abroad or are hired for service at their post of residence, for employment in positions customarily filled by Foreign Service officers, Foreign Service personnel, and foreign national employees.

(b) Family nexus as affirmative hiring factor

The fact that an applicant for employment in a position referred to in subsection (a) is a family member of a Government employee assigned abroad shall be considered an affirmative factor in employing such person.

(c) Compensation of family and non-family member employees

(1) Non-family members employed under this section for service at their post of residence shall be paid in accordance with local compensation plans established under section 3968 of this title.

(2) Family members employed under this section shall be paid in accordance with the Foreign Service Schedule or the salary rates established under section 3967 of this title.

(3) In exceptional circumstances, non-family members may be paid in accordance with the Foreign Service Schedule or the salary rates established under section 3967 of this title, if the Secretary determines that the national interest would be served by such payments.

(d) Non-family member employees ineligible for certain benefits

Nonfamily member United States citizens employed under this section shall not be eligible by reason of such employment for benefits under subchapter VIII of this chapter, or under chapters 1 83 or 84 of title 5.

(e) Employment standards

The Secretary shall hold a family member of a government employee described in subsection (a) seeking employment in a position described in that subsection to the same employment standards as those applicable to Foreign Service officers, Foreign Service personnel, or foreign national employees seeking the same or a substantially similar position.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §311, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2087; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §180(a)(2), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 415; Pub. L. 103–415, §1(h)(1), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4300; Pub. L. 117–81, div. F, title LXII, §6205, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2391.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 117–81 added subsec. (e).

1994—Pub. L. 103–415 substituted "United States citizens hired abroad" for "Employment of family members of Government employees" as section catchline and inserted "by reason of such employment" after "eligible" in subsec. (d).

Pub. L. 103–236 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows:

"(a) The Secretary, when employing individuals abroad in positions to which career members of the Service are not customarily assigned (including, when continuity over a long term is not a significant consideration, vacant positions normally filled by foreign national employees), shall give equal consideration to employing available qualified family members of members of the Service or of other Government employees assigned abroad. Family members so employed shall serve under renewable limited appointments in the Service and may be paid either in accordance with the Foreign Service Schedule or a local compensation plan established under section 3968 of this title.

"(b) Employment of family members in accordance with this section may not be used to avoid fulfilling the need for full-time career positions."

1 So in original. Probably should be "chapter".
22 U.S.C. § 283z (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XII: INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 283z: Proposal of light-capital or intermediate technologies as part of Bank's development strategy
Proposal of light-capital or intermediate technologies as part of Bank's development strategy
Status: in_force

(a) Contents of proposed resolution

The United States Executive Director of the Bank shall propose to the Board of Executive Directors of the Bank the adoption of a resolution providing (1) that the development and utilization of light-capital or intermediate technologies should be accepted as major facets of the Bank's development strategy, and (2) that such light-capital or intermediate technologies should be developed and utilized as soon as possible in all Bank activities. Such resolution shall further provide that, by the close of the calendar year 1977, some projects that employ primarily such light-capital or intermediate technologies shall be designed and approved.

(b) Progress report to Congress

The United States Governor of the Bank shall report to the Congress no later than six months after May 31, 1976, on the proposal made under subsection (a), and no later than twelve months after such date on the progress that has been made with respect to such proposal.

(Pub. L. 86–147, §28, formerly §29, as added Pub. L. 94–302, title I, §104, May 31, 1976, 90 Stat. 593; renumbered §28, Pub. L. 96–259, title I, §101(1), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 429.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 28 of Pub. L. 86–147, as added by section 103(a)(1) of Pub. L. 94–302, was classified to section 283y of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 95–118, title VII, §702, Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1070.
22 U.S.C. § 2347c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2347c: Exchange training; reciprocity agreement
Exchange training; reciprocity agreement
Status: in_force

(a) Attendance of foreign military personnel at professional military education institutions

In carrying out this part, the President is authorized to provide for attendance of foreign military personnel at professional military education institutions in the United States (other than service academies) without charge, and without charge to funds available to carry out this part (notwithstanding section 2392(d) of this title), if such attendance is pursuant to an agreement providing for the exchange of students on a one-for-one, reciprocal basis each fiscal year between those United States professional military education institutions and comparable institutions of foreign countries and international organizations.

(b) Attendance of foreign military and civilian defense personnel at flight training schools and programs

The President may provide for the attendance of foreign military and civilian defense personnel at flight training schools and programs (including test pilot schools) in the United States without charge, and without charge to funds available to carry out this part (notwithstanding section 2392(d) of this title), if such attendance is pursuant to an agreement providing for the exchange of students on a one-for-one basis each fiscal year between those United States flight training schools and programs (including test pilot schools) and comparable flight training schools and programs of foreign countries.

(c) Post-undergraduate flying training and tactical leadership programs at training locations in Southwest Asia

(1) The President is authorized to enter into cooperative arrangements providing for the participation of foreign and United States military and civilian defense personnel in post-undergraduate flying training and tactical leadership programs and integrated air and missile defense programs at training locations in Southwest Asia without charge to participating foreign countries, and without charge to funds available to carry out this part (notwithstanding section 2392(d) of this title). Such training must satisfy common requirements with the United States for post-undergraduate flying and tactical leadership training and integrated air and missile defense training.

(2) Cooperative arrangements under this subsection shall require an equitable contribution of support and services from each participating country. The President may waive the requirement for an equitable contribution of a participating foreign country if he determines that to do so is important to the national security interests of the United States.

(3) Costs incurred by the United States shall be charged to the current applicable appropriations accounts or funds of the participating United States Government agencies.

(4) The President shall report to the appropriate congressional committees (as defined in section 2416(e) of this title) annually on the activities undertaken in the programs authorized under this subsection.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §544, as added Pub. L. 99–83, title I, §126, Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 205; amended Pub. L. 104–164, title I, §112(b), July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1427; Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XII, §1213, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1429; Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title XII, §1233, Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 920; Pub. L. 113–276, title II, §203, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2990.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 113–276 added par. (4).

2013—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 113–66 inserted "and integrated air and missile defense programs" after "tactical leadership programs" and "and integrated air and missile defense training" after "tactical leadership training".

2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–228 added subsec. (c).

1996—Pub. L. 104–164 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as an Effective Date of 1985 Amendment note under section 2151–1 of this title.

Authority for Exchange Training Through Specified Professional Military Education Institution Outside United States

Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title IX, §935, Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1538, provided that:

"(a) Authority.—The United States Army Russian Institute in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Federal Republic of Germany, shall be treated for purposes of section 544 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2347c) as if it were located in the United States.

"(b) Expiration of Authority.—Subsection (a) shall cease to be in effect upon the enactment in foreign assistance authorizing legislation of an amendment to section 544 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 that provides the same authority as is provided by subsection (a)."

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 886 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IV: PERSONNEL CATEGORIES AND SALARIES / Section 886: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IV, §441, 60 Stat. 1005; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §5, 74 Stat. 831, related to classification of positions in Service and in Department.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.

Rules Governing Salary Determinations for Initial Classification

Act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, §1105, 60 Stat. 1034, which related to applicability of rules for salary determinations for initial classification, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159.
22 U.S.C. § 9308 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 100: GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY / Section 9308: Rule of construction
Rule of construction
Status: in_force

(a) Effect on other programs

Nothing in the Global Food Security Strategy or this chapter or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to supersede or otherwise affect the authority of the relevant Federal departments and agencies to carry out programs specified in subsection (b), in the manner provided, and subject to the terms and conditions, of those programs, including, but not limited to, the terms, conditions, and requirements relating to the procurement and transportation of food assistance furnished pursuant to such programs.

(b) Programs described

The programs referred to in subsection (a) are the following:

(1) The Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.).

(2) The Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o).

(3) Section 416(b) of the Agriculture 1 Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1431).2

(4) McGovern-Dole Food for Education Program (7 U.S.C. 1736o–1).

(5) Local and Regional Procurement Program (7 U.S.C. 1726c).

(6) Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act (7 U.S.C. 1736f–1).

(7) Any other food and nutrition security and emergency and non-emergency food assistance program of the Department of Agriculture.

(Pub. L. 114–195, §9, July 20, 2016, 130 Stat. 684.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The amendments made by this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), are the amendments made by Pub. L. 114–195, section 7(c) of which amended sections 2292 and 2292a of this title.

The Food for Peace Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified generally to chapter 41 (§1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables.

The Food for Progress Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1110, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1472, which is classified to section 1736o of Title 7, Agriculture.

The Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), is title III of Pub. L. 96–494, as added by Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §225(a), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 959, which is classified to section 1736f–1 of Title 7, Agriculture.

1 So in original. Probably should be "Agricultural".

2 So in original. Probably should be "1431(b))."
22 U.S.C. § 8785 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 94: IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS / Subchapter VI: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 8785: Termination
Termination
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The provisions of sections 8721, 8722, 8723, 8725, 8726, 8727, and 8771 of this title, subchapter I, and subchapter III shall terminate on the date that is 30 days after the date on which the President makes the certification described in section 8551(a) of this title.

(b) Omitted

(Pub. L. 112–158, title VI, §605, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1265.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of section 605 of Pub. L. 112–158. Subsec. (b) of section 605 of Pub. L. 112–158 amended section 8551 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2777 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 39: ARMS EXPORT CONTROL / Subchapter III: MILITARY EXPORT CONTROLS / Section 2777: Fiscal provisions relating to foreign military sales credits
Fiscal provisions relating to foreign military sales credits
Status: in_force

(a) Permissible uses of cash payments under sections 2761, 2762, 2763, and 2769

Cash payments received under sections 2761, 2762, and 2769 of this title and advances received under section 2763 of this title shall be available solely for payments to suppliers (including the military departments) and refunds to purchasers and shall not be available for financing credits and guaranties.

(b) Transfer of funds to miscellaneous receipts of Treasury

Amounts received from foreign governments and international organizations as repayments for credits extended pursuant to section 2763 of this title, amounts received from the disposition of instruments evidencing indebtedness under section 2764(b) of this title (excluding such portion of the sales proceeds as may be required at the time of disposition to be obligated as a reserve for payment of claims under guaranties issued pursuant to section 2764(b) of this title, which sums are made available for such obligations), and other collections (including fees and interest) shall be transferred to the miscellaneous receipts of the Treasury.

(c) Credit of funds to reserve under section 2764(c)

Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b), to the extent that any of the funds constituting the reserve under section 2764(c) of this title are paid out for a claim arising out of a loan guaranteed under section 2764 of this title, amounts received from a foreign government or international organization after the date of such payment, with respect to such claim, shall be credited to such reserve, shall be merged with the funds in such reserve, and shall be available for any purpose for which funds in such reserve are available.

(Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 3, §37, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1326; Pub. L. 93–189, §25(11), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 731; Pub. L. 96–533, title I, §§104(b), 105(e)(1), Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3133, 3135.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–533, §105(e)(1), inserted reference to section 2769 of this title.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–533, §104(b), added subsec. (c).

1973—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–189 inserted provisions relating to indebtedness under section 2764(b) of this title and exclusions of portions of the sales proceeds required at the time of disposition as a reserve for payment of claims under guaranties issued under section 2764(b) of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective July 1, 1968, see section 41 of Pub. L. 90–629, set out as a note under section 2751 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1641 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter III: CLAIMS AGAINST BULGARIA, HUNGARY, RUMANIA, ITALY, AND THE SOVIET UNION / Section 1641: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter the term—

(1) "Person" means a natural person, partnership, association, other unincorporated body, corporation, or body politic.

(2) "National of the United States" means (A) a natural person who is a citizen of the United States, or who owes permanent allegiance to the United States, and (B) a corporation or other legal entity which is organized under the laws of the United States, any State or Territory thereof, or the District of Columbia, if natural persons who are nationals of the United States own, directly or indirectly, more than 50 per centum of the outstanding capital stock or other beneficial interest in such legal entity. It does not include aliens.

(3) "Treaty of peace", with respect to a country, means the treaty of peace with that country signed at Paris, France, February 10, 1947, which came into force between that country and the United States on September 15, 1947.

(4) "Memorandum of Understanding" means the Memorandum of Understanding between the United States and Italy regarding Italian assets in the United States and certain claims of nationals of the United States, signed at Washington, District of Columbia, August 14, 1947 (61 Stat. 3962).

(5) "Soviet Government" means the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, including any of its present or former constituent republics, other political subdivisions, and any territories thereof, as constituted on or prior to November 16, 1933.

(6) "Litvinov Assignment" means (A) the communication dated November 16, 1933, from Maxim Litvinov to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, wherein the Soviet Government assigned to the Government of the United States amounts admitted or found to be due it as the successor of prior governments of Russia, or otherwise, preparatory to a final settlement of the claims outstanding between the two Governments and the claims of their nationals; (B) the communication dated November 16, 1933, from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Maxim Litvinov, accepting such assignment; and (C) the assignments executed by Serge Ughet on August 25, 1933, and November 15, 1933, assigning certain assets to the Government of the United States.

(7) "Russian national" includes any corporation or business association organized under the laws, decrees, ordinances, or acts of the former Empire of Russia or of any government successor thereto, and subsequently nationalized or dissolved or whose assets were taken over by the Soviet Government or which was merged with any other corporation or organization by the Soviet Government.

(8) "Commission" means the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States, established pursuant to Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954 (68 Stat. 1279).

(9) "Property" means any property, right, or interest.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title III, §301, as added Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, §3, 69 Stat. 570.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954, referred to in par. (8), is Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, which is set out as a note under section 1622 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as Separate Agency Within Department of Justice

For provisions transferring Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as a separate agency within the Department of Justice, see section 1622a et seq. of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1465cc (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 18: UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS / Subchapter V: DISSEMINATION ABROAD OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE UNITED STATES / Section 1465cc: Television Marti Service
Television Marti Service
Status: in_force

(a) Television Marti Service

There is within the Voice of America a Television Marti Service. The Service shall be responsible for all television broadcasts to Cuba authorized by this subchapter. The Broadcasting Board of Governors shall appoint a head of the Service who shall report directly to the International Broadcasting Bureau. The head of the Service shall employ such staff as the head of the Service may need to carry out the duties of the Service.

(b) Use of existing facilities of Board

To assure consistency of presentation and efficiency of operations in conducting the activities authorized under this subchapter, the Television Marti Service shall make maximum feasible utilization of Board facilities and management support, including Voice of America: Cuba Service, Voice of America, and the United States International Television Service.

(c) Authority

The Board may carry out the purposes of this subchapter by means of grants, leases, or contracts (subject to the availability of appropriations), or such other means as the Board determines will be most effective.

(Pub. L. 101–246, title II, §244, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 61; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, §1325(3), (4), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–781.)

Repeal of Section

Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1998—Pub. L. 105–277, §1325(4)(A), struck out "of the United States Information Agency" after "Service" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–277, §1325(4)(B)(ii), which directed amendment of subsec. (a) in second sentence by substituting "Broadcasting Board of Governors" for "Director of the United States Information Agency" and "the International Broadcasting Bureau" for "the Director of the Voice of America", was executed by making the substitutions in third sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 105–277, §1325(4)(B)(i), substituted "There is" for "The Director of the United States Information Agency shall establish" in first sentence.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–277, §1325(4)(C), substituted "Board facilities" for "Agency facilities" and "International" for "Information Agency".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–277, §1325(3), (4)(D), in heading struck out "USIA" before "Authority", and in text substituted "Board" for "Agency" in two places.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(21) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6531 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 5471 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 63: SUPPORT FOR EAST EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY (SEED) / Subchapter VI: REPORTS TO CONGRESS / Section 5471: Report on initial steps taken by United States and on Poland's requirement for agricultural assistance
Report on initial steps taken by United States and on Poland's requirement for agricultural assistance
Status: in_force

(a) Initial report

Not later than 60 days after November 28, 1989, the President shall submit a report to the Congress—

(1) describing the steps taken by the United States Government pursuant to subchapter I, in particular sections 1 5412(a) and (b) of this title;

(2) assessing Poland's requirements for additional agricultural assistance during fiscal year 1990 and its requirements for agricultural assistance during fiscal years 1991 and 1992; and

(3) specifying how much agricultural assistance the President proposes be provided by the United States to meet those requirements.

(b) Updating assessments

As additional information becomes available, the President shall provide to the Congress revised assessments of Poland's requirements for agricultural assistance during fiscal years 1991 and 1992, specifying how much agricultural assistance the President proposes be provided by the United States to meet those requirements.

(Pub. L. 101–179, title VII, §701, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1320.)

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions of President under this subchapter relating to reports to Congress delegated to Coordinator of the SEED Program by section 1 of Ex. Ord. No. 12703, Feb. 20, 1990, 55 F.R. 6351, set out as a note under section 5401 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "section".
22 U.S.C. § 8743 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 94: IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS / Subchapter III: SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO IRAN'S REVOLUTIONARY GUARD CORPS / Section 8743: Identification of, and imposition of measures with respect to, foreign government agencies carrying out activities or transactions with certain Iran-affiliated persons
Identification of, and imposition of measures with respect to, foreign government agencies carrying out activities or transactions with certain Iran-affiliated persons
Status: in_force

(a) Identification

(1) In general

Not later than 120 days after August 10, 2012, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that identifies each agency of the government of a foreign country (other than Iran) that the President determines knowingly and materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services in support of, or knowingly and materially engaged in a significant transaction with, any person described in paragraph (2).

(2) Person described

A person described in this paragraph is—

(A) a foreign person that is an official, agent, or affiliate of Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps that is designated for the imposition of sanctions pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.);

(B) a foreign person that is designated and subject to financial sanctions pursuant to—

(i) the Annex of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1737 (2006);

(ii) Annex I of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747 (2007);

(iii) Annex I, II, or III of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1803 (2008);

(iv) Annex I, II, or III of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1929 (2010); or

(v) any subsequent and related United Nations Security Council resolution, or any annex thereto, that imposes new sanctions with respect to Iran or modifies existing sanctions with respect to Iran; or

(C) a foreign person that the agency knows is acting on behalf of or at the direction of, or owned or controlled by, a person described in subparagraph (A) or (B).

(3) Form of report

Each report submitted under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex.

(b) Imposition of measures

(1) In general

The President may impose any of the following measures with respect to an agency identified pursuant to subsection (a) if the President determines that the assistance, exports, or other support to be prohibited by reason of the imposition of the measures have contributed and would otherwise directly or indirectly contribute to the agency's capability to continue the activities or transactions for which the agency has been identified pursuant to subsection (a):

(A) No assistance may be provided to the agency under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) or the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) other than humanitarian assistance or the provision of food or other agricultural commodities.

(B) No sales of any defense articles, defense services, or design and construction services under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) may be made to the agency.

(C) No licenses for export of any item on the United States Munitions List that include the agency as a party to the license may be granted.

(D) No exports may be permitted to the agency of any goods or technologies controlled for national security reasons under the Export Administration Regulations, except that such prohibition shall not apply to any transaction subject to the reporting requirements of title V of the National Security Act of 1947 ([50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.]; relating to congressional oversight of intelligence activities).

(E) The United States shall oppose any loan or financial or technical assistance to the agency by international financial institutions in accordance with section 262d of this title.

(F) The United States shall deny to the agency any credit or financial assistance by any department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government, except that this paragraph shall not apply—

(i) to any transaction subject to the reporting requirements of title V of the National Security Act of 1947 ([50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.]; relating to congressional oversight of intelligence activities);

(ii) to the provision of medicines, medical equipment, and humanitarian assistance; or

(iii) to any credit, credit guarantee, or financial assistance provided by the Department of Agriculture to support the purchase of food or other agricultural commodities.

(G) Additional restrictions as may be imposed pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).

(2) Rule of construction

Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to impose measures with respect to programs under section 1501 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (50 U.S.C. 2632 1 note) and programs under the Atomic Energy Defense Act (50 U.S.C. 2501 et seq.).

(c) Termination

The President may terminate any measures imposed with respect to an agency pursuant to subsection (b) if the President determines and notifies the appropriate congressional committees that—

(1)(A) a person described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2) with respect to which the agency is carrying out activities or transactions is no longer designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2); or

(B) any person described in subparagraph (C) of subsection (a)(2) with respect to which the agency is carrying out activities or transactions is no longer acting on behalf of or at the direction of, or owned or controlled by, any person described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2);

(2) the agency is no longer carrying out activities or transactions for which the measures were imposed and has provided assurances to the United States Government that the agency will not carry out the activities or transactions in the future; or

(3) it is essential to the national security interest of the United States to terminate such measures.

(d) Waiver

If the President does not impose one or more measures described in subsection (b) with respect to an agency identified in the report required by subsection (a), the President shall include in the subsequent report an explanation as to why the President did not impose such measures.

(e) Definition

In this section, the term "appropriate congressional committees" means—

(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and

(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

(f) Effective date

This section shall take effect on August 10, 2012, and apply with respect to activities and transactions described in subsection (a) that are carried out on or after the later of—

(1) the date that is 45 days after August 10, 2012; or

(2) the date that is 45 days after a person is designated as described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2).

(Pub. L. 112–158, title III, §303, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1245.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 8785(a) of this title.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A) and (b)(1)(G), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), (B), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

The National Security Act of 1947, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(D), (F)(i), is act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, 61 Stat. 495, which was formerly classified principally to chapter 15 (§401 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification in chapter 44 (§3001 et seq.) of Title 50. Title V of the Act is now classified generally to subchapter III (§3091 et seq.) of chapter 44 of Title 50. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Section 1501 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 1501 of Pub. L. 104–201, which was formerly set out as a note under section 2362 of Title 50, War and National Defense, and was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, §1351(5), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3607.

The Atomic Energy Defense Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is div. D of Pub. L. 107–314, as added Pub. L. 108–136, div. C, title XXXI, §3141(b), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1753, which is classified generally to chapter 42 (§2501 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2501 of Title 50 and Tables.

1 So in original. Probably should be "2362".
22 U.S.C. § 7423 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 81: INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT / Subchapter II: AMERICAN SERVICEMEMBERS' PROTECTION / Section 7423: Prohibition on cooperation with the International Criminal Court
Prohibition on cooperation with the International Criminal Court
Status: in_force

(a) Application

The provisions of this section—

(1) apply only to cooperation with the International Criminal Court and shall not apply to cooperation with an ad hoc international criminal tribunal established by the United Nations Security Council before or after August 2, 2002, to investigate and prosecute war crimes committed in a specific country or during a specific conflict; and

(2) shall not prohibit—

(A) any action permitted under section 7427 of this title; or

(B) communication by the United States of its policy with respect to a matter.

(b) Prohibition on responding to requests for cooperation

Notwithstanding section 1782 of title 28 or any other provision of law, no United States Court, and no agency or entity of any State or local government, including any court, may cooperate with the International Criminal Court in response to a request for cooperation submitted by the International Criminal Court pursuant to the Rome Statute.

(c) Prohibition on transmittal of letters rogatory from the International Criminal Court

Notwithstanding section 1781 of title 28 or any other provision of law, no agency of the United States Government may transmit for execution any letter rogatory issued, or other request for cooperation made, by the International Criminal Court to the tribunal, officer, or agency in the United States to whom it is addressed.

(d) Prohibition on extradition to the International Criminal Court

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no agency or entity of the United States Government or of any State or local government may extradite any person from the United States to the International Criminal Court, nor support the transfer of any United States citizen or permanent resident alien to the International Criminal Court.

(e) Prohibition on provision of support to the International Criminal Court

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no agency or entity of the United States Government or of any State or local government, including any court, may provide support to the International Criminal Court.

(f) Prohibition on use of appropriated funds to assist the International Criminal Court

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no funds appropriated under any provision of law may be used for the purpose of assisting the investigation, arrest, detention, extradition, or prosecution of any United States citizen or permanent resident alien by the International Criminal Court.

(g) Restriction on assistance pursuant to mutual legal assistance treaties

The United States shall exercise its rights to limit the use of assistance provided under all treaties and executive agreements for mutual legal assistance in criminal matters, multilateral conventions with legal assistance provisions, and extradition treaties, to which the United States is a party, and in connection with the execution or issuance of any letter rogatory, to prevent the transfer to, or other use by, the International Criminal Court of any assistance provided by the United States under such treaties and letters rogatory.

(h) Prohibition on investigative activities of agents

(1) In general

No agent of the International Criminal Court may conduct, in the United States or any territory subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, any investigative activity relating to a preliminary inquiry, investigation, prosecution, or other proceeding at the International Criminal Court.

(2) Exception

The prohibition under paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to investigative activities that—

(A) relate solely to investigations and prosecutions of foreign persons for crimes within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court related to the Situation in Ukraine; and

(B) are undertaken in concurrence with the Attorney General.

(Pub. L. 107–206, title II, §2004, Aug. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 902; Pub. L. 117–328, div. K, title VII, §7073(a), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5092.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 117–328 designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, and added par. (2).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Rule of Construction

Pub. L. 117–328, div. K, title VII, §7073(c), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5092, provided that: "Nothing in this section [amending this section and section 7433 of this title] may be construed to modify the existing roles or authorities of any Federal agency or official."
22 U.S.C. § 2405 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2405: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this chapter or the application of any provision to any circumstances or persons shall be held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this chapter, and of the applicability of such provision to other circumstances or persons shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, §646, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 462.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2370a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2370a: Expropriation of United States property
Expropriation of United States property
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition

None of the funds made available to carry out this Act, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.], or the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.] may be provided to a government or any agency or instrumentality thereof, if the government of such country (other than a country described if 1 subsection (d))—

(1) has on or after January 1, 1956—

(A) nationalized or expropriated the property of any United States person,

(B) repudiated or nullified any contract with any United States person, or

(C) taken any other action (such as the imposition of discriminatory taxes or other exactions) which has the effect of seizing ownership or control of the property of any United States person, and

(2) has not, within the period specified in subsection (c), either—

(A) returned the property,

(B) provided adequate and effective compensation for such property in convertible foreign exchange or other mutually acceptable compensation equivalent to the full value thereof, as required by international law,

(C) offered a domestic procedure providing prompt, adequate and effective compensation in accordance with international law, or

(D) submitted the dispute to arbitration under the rules of the Convention for the Settlement of Investment Disputes or other mutually agreeable binding international arbitration procedure.

(b) Other actions

The President shall instruct the United States Executive Directors of each multilateral development bank and international financial institution to vote against any loan or other utilization of the funds of such bank or institution for the benefit of any country to which assistance is prohibited under subsection (a), unless such assistance is directed specifically to programs which serve the basic human needs of the citizens of that country.

(c) Period for settlement of claims

The period of time described in subsection (a)(2) is the latest of the following—

(1) 3 years after the date on which a claim was filed,

(2) in the case of a country that has a totalitarian or authoritarian government at the time of the action described in subsection (a)(1), 3 years after the date of installation of a democratically elected government, or

(3) 90 days after April 30, 1994.

(d) Excepted countries and territories

This section shall not apply to any country established by international mandate through the United Nations or to any territory recognized by the United States Government to be in dispute.

(e) Resumption of assistance

A prohibition or termination of assistance under subsection (a) and an instruction to vote against loans under subsection (b) shall cease to be effective when the President certifies in writing to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate that such government has taken one of the steps described in subsection (a)(2).

(f) Reporting requirement

Not later than 90 days after April 30, 1994, and at the beginning of each fiscal year thereafter, the Secretary of State shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, a report containing the following:

(1) A list of every country in which the United States Government is aware that a United States person has an outstanding expropriation claim.

(2) The total number of such outstanding expropriation claims made by United States persons against each such country.

(3) The period of time in which each such claim has been outstanding.

(4) The status of each case and efforts made by the United States Government and the government of the country in which such claim has been made, to take one or more of the steps described in subsection (a)(2).

(5) Each project a United States Executive Director voted against as a result of the action described in subsection (b).

(g) Waiver

The President may waive the prohibitions in subsections (a) and (b) for a country, on an annual basis, if the President determines and so notifies Congress that it is in the national interest to do so.

(h) "United States person" defined

For the purpose of this section, the term "United States person" means a United States citizen or corporation, partnership, or association at least 50 percent beneficially owned by United States citizens.

(i) Certain claims for expropriation by the Government of Nicaragua

(1) Any action of the types set forth in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of subsection (a)(1) that was taken by the Government of Nicaragua during the period beginning on January 1, 1956, and ending on January 9, 2002, shall not be considered in implementing the prohibition under subsection (a) unless the action has been presented in accordance with the procedure set forth in paragraph (2).

(2) An action shall be deemed presented for purposes of paragraph (1) if it is—

(A) in writing; and

(B) received by the United States Department of State on or before 120 days after the date specified in paragraph (3) at—

(i) the headquarters of the United States Department of State in Washington, D.C.; or

(ii) the Embassy of the United States of America to Nicaragua.

(3) The date to which paragraph (2) refers is a date after December 8, 2004, that is specified by the Secretary of State, in the Secretary's discretion, in a notice published in the Federal Register.

(Pub. L. 103–236, title V, §527, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 475; Pub. L. 108–447, div. D, title V, §584(c), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3032.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 103–236, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 382, known as the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note set out under section 2651 of this title and Tables.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to this chapter (§2151 et seq.). For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2004—Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 108–447 added subsec. (i).

Executive Documents

Delegation of Responsibilities Under Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995

Memorandum of President of the United States, July 26, 1994, 59 F.R. 40205, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State

By the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions vested in the President by the following provisions of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103–236) (the "Act"): sections 102(g) [22 U.S.C. 287e note], 161(c) [22 U.S.C. 2651a note], 401(b) [108 Stat. 446], 407(a) [22 U.S.C. 287b note], 409 [22 U.S.C. 287e note], 431(b) [108 Stat. 459], 514(b) [22 U.S.C. 1928 note], 523 [108 Stat. 473], 527(e) and (g) [22 U.S.C. 2370a(e), (g)], 528 [108 Stat. 477], 532(a) [108 Stat. 480], 574 [22 U.S.C. 2656 note], 583(b)(1) and (b)(6) [108 Stat. 489, 490], 733 [22 U.S.C. 2779a] and 735(d) [22 U.S.C. 2797b–1].

The functions under section 407(a) of the Act [22 U.S.C. 287b note] shall be exercised in coordination with the Secretary of Defense.

The functions under section 527(e) and (g) of the Act [22 U.S.C. 2370a(e), (g)] shall be exercised in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the heads of other departments and agencies, as appropriate.

Any reference in this memorandum to any act, order, determination, or delegation of authority shall be deemed to be a reference to such act, order, determination, or delegation of authority as amended from time to time.

The functions delegated by this memorandum may be redelegated within the Department of State.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

William J. Clinton.      

Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 4, 1995, 60 F.R. 3335, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of the Treasury

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury the functions under section 527(b) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103–236) [22 U.S.C. 2370a(b)].

Any reference in this memorandum to any Act, order, determination, or delegation of authority shall be deemed to be a reference to such Act, order, determination, or delegation of authority as amended.

The functions delegated by this memorandum may be redelegated within the Department of the Treasury.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

William J. Clinton.      

1 So in original. Probably should be "in".
22 U.S.C. § 8930 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 96A: UKRAINE FREEDOM SUPPORT / Section 8930: Rule of construction
Rule of construction
Status: in_force

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as an authorization for the use of military force.

(Pub. L. 113–272, §11, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2966.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act or an amendment made by this Act", meaning Pub. L. 113–272, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2952, which enacted this chapter and provisions set out as a note under section 8921 of this title. Pub. L. 113–272 did not make any amendments.