12 U.S.C. § 3421 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 35: RIGHT TO FINANCIAL PRIVACY / Section 3421: Repealed. Pub. L. 104-66, title III, §3001(d), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 734
Repealed. Pub. L. 104-66, title III, §3001(d), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 734
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 95–630, title XI, §1121, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3710, related to reporting requirements.
12 U.S.C. § 466 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter XIV: BANK RESERVES / Section 466: Reserves of banks in dependencies or insular possessions
Reserves of banks in dependencies or insular possessions
Status: in_force

National banks, or banks organized under local laws, located in a dependency or insular possession or any part of the United States outside the continental United States, may remain nonmember banks, and shall in that event maintain reserves and comply with all the conditions now provided by law regulating them; or said banks may with the consent of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, become member banks of any one of the reserve districts, and shall in that event take stock, maintain reserves, and be subject to all the other provisions of this chapter.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §19(h), formerly §19 (par. 11), 38 Stat. 270; Aug. 15, 1914, ch. 252, 38 Stat. 692; June 21, 1917, ch. 32, §10, 40 Stat. 240; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, §203(a), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 86–70, §8(b), June 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 142; renumbered §19(h), Pub. L. 89–597, §2(b), Sept. 21, 1966, 80 Stat. 824.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, 38 Stat. 251, known as the Federal Reserve Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 226 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section is comprised of subsec. (h), formerly eleventh par., of section 19 of act Dec. 23, 1913, as redesignated by Pub. L. 89–597.

Amendments

1959—Pub. L. 86–70 struck out "in Alaska or" before "in a dependency".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935, changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
12 U.S.C. § 2272 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 23: FARM CREDIT SYSTEM / Subchapter V: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION / Section 2272: Notice of service
Notice of service
Status: in_force

Any service required or authorized to be made by the Farm Credit Administration under this section may be made by registered mail, or in such other manner reasonably calculated to give actual notice as the Farm Credit Administration may by regulation or otherwise provide. Any such service by mail is complete upon mailing. Copies of any notice or order served by the Farm Credit Administration on any association or any director or officer thereof or other person participating in the conduct of its affairs, under the provisions of this part, shall also be sent to the supervisory bank.

(Pub. L. 92–181, title V, §5.36, as added Pub. L. 99–205, title II, §204, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1702.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective thirty days after Dec. 23, 1985, see section 401 of Pub. L. 99–205, set out as an Effective Date of 1985 Amendment note under section 2001 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 2902 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 30: COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT / Section 2902: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this chapter—

(1) the term "appropriate Federal financial supervisory agency" means—

(A) the Comptroller of the Currency with respect to national banks and Federal savings associations (the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation);

(B) the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System with respect to State chartered banks which are members of the Federal Reserve System, bank holding companies, and savings and loan holding companies;

(C) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation with respect to State chartered banks and savings banks which are not members of the Federal Reserve System and the deposits of which are insured by the Corporation, and State savings associations (the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation).1

(2) the term "regulated financial institution" means an insured depository institution (as defined in section 1813 of this title); and

(3) the term "application for a deposit facility" means an application to the appropriate Federal financial supervisory agency otherwise required under Federal law or regulations thereunder for—

(A) a charter for a national bank or Federal savings and loan association;

(B) deposit insurance in connection with a newly chartered State bank, savings bank, savings and loan association or similar institution;

(C) the establishment of a domestic branch or other facility with the ability to accept deposits of a regulated financial institution;

(D) the relocation of the home office or a branch office of a regulated financial institution;

(E) the merger or consolidation with, or the acquisition of the assets, or the assumption of the liabilities of a regulated financial institution requiring approval under section 1828(c) of this title or under regulations issued under the authority of title IV 2 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1724 et seq.]; or

(F) the acquisition of shares in, or the assets of, a regulated financial institution requiring approval under section 1842 of this title or section 408(e) 2 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1730a(e)].

(4) A financial institution whose business predominately consists of serving the needs of military personnel who are not located within a defined geographic area may define its "entire community" to include its entire deposit customer base without regard to geographic proximity.

(Pub. L. 95–128, title VIII, §803, Oct. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 1147; Pub. L. 95–630, title XV, §1502, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3713; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, §744(q), title XII, §1212(a), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 440, 526; Pub. L. 111–203, title III, §358(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1548.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The National Housing Act, referred to in par. (3)(E), (F), is act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, 48 Stat. 1246. Title IV of the National Housing Act which was classified generally to subchapter IV (§1724 et seq.) of chapter 13 of this title, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, §407, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 363. Section 408 of the National Housing Act, which was classified to section 1730a of this title, was also repealed by section 407 of Pub. L. 101–73. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1701 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 111–203, §358(1)(A)(i), inserted "and Federal savings associations (the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)" after "banks".

Par. (1)(B). Pub. L. 111–203, §358(1)(A)(ii), substituted ", bank holding companies, and savings and loan holding companies" for "and bank holding companies".

Par. (1)(C). Pub. L. 111–203, §358(1)(A)(iii), substituted ", and State savings associations (the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)." for "; and".

Par. (2). Pub. L. 111–203, §358(1)(B), struck out par. (2) relating to the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision which read as follows: "section 1818 of this title, by the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision, in the case of a savings association (the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) and a savings and loan holding company;".

1989—Par. (1)(D). Pub. L. 101–73, §744(q), directed the general amendment of par. (1)(D) but then set out "(2)" followed by the text of the new provisions. Prior to amendment, par. (1)(D) read as follows: "the Federal Home Loan Bank Board with respect to institutions the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation and to savings and loan holding companies;".

Par. (2). Pub. L. 101–73, §1212(a), substituted "insured depository institution (as defined in section 1813 of this title)" for "insured bank as defined in section 1813 of this title or an insured institution as defined in section 401 of the National Housing Act".

1978—Par. (4). Pub. L. 95–630 added par. (4).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the transfer date, see section 351 of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 906 of Title 2, The Congress.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–630 effective Nov. 10, 1978, see section 1505 of Pub. L. 95–630, set out as a note under section 27 of this title.

1 So in original. The period probably should be a semicolon.

2 See References in Text note below.
12 U.S.C. § 5611 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 53: WALL STREET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION / Subchapter VI: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM PROVISIONS / Section 5611: Liquidity event determination
Liquidity event determination
Status: in_force

(a) Determination and written recommendation

(1) Determination request

The Secretary may request the Corporation and the Board of Governors to determine whether a liquidity event exists that warrants use of the guarantee program authorized under section 5612 of this title.

(2) Requirements of determination

Any determination pursuant to paragraph (1) shall—

(A) be written; and

(B) contain an evaluation of the evidence that—

(i) a liquidity event exists;

(ii) failure to take action would have serious adverse effects on financial stability or economic conditions in the United States; and

(iii) actions authorized under section 5612 of this title are needed to avoid or mitigate potential adverse effects on the United States financial system or economic conditions.

(b) Procedures

Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal or State law, upon the determination of both the Corporation (upon a vote of not fewer than 2/3 of the members of the Corporation then serving) and the Board of Governors (upon a vote of not fewer than 2/3 of the members of the Board of Governors then serving) under subsection (a) that a liquidity event exists that warrants use of the guarantee program authorized under section 5612 of this title, and with the written consent of the Secretary—

(1) the Corporation shall take action in accordance with section 5612(a) of this title; and

(2) the Secretary (in consultation with the President) shall take action in accordance with section 5612(c) of this title.

(c) Documentation and review

(1) Documentation

The Secretary shall—

(A) maintain the written documentation of each determination of the Corporation and the Board of Governors under this section; and

(B) provide the documentation for review under paragraph (2).

(2) GAO review

The Comptroller General of the United States shall review and report to Congress on any determination of the Corporation and the Board of Governors under subsection (a), including—

(A) the basis for the determination; and

(B) the likely effect of the actions taken.

(d) Report to Congress

On the earlier of the date of a submission made to Congress under section 5612(c) of this title, or within 30 days of the date of a determination under subsection (a), the Secretary shall provide written notice of the determination of the Corporation and the Board of Governors to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives, including a description of the basis for the determination.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title XI, §1104, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2120.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Subchapter effective 1 day after July 21, 2010, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 5301 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 5229 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 52: EMERGENCY ECONOMIC STABILIZATION / Subchapter I: TROUBLED ASSETS RELIEF PROGRAM / Section 5229: Judicial review and related matters
Judicial review and related matters
Status: in_force

(a) Judicial review

(1) Standard

Actions by the Secretary pursuant to the authority of this chapter shall be subject to chapter 7 of title 5, including that such final actions shall be held unlawful and set aside if found to be arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or not in accordance with law.

(2) Limitations on equitable relief

(A) Injunction

No injunction or other form of equitable relief shall be issued against the Secretary for actions pursuant to section 1 5211, 5212, 5216, and 5219 of this title, other than to remedy a violation of the Constitution.

(B) Temporary restraining order

Any request for a temporary restraining order against the Secretary for actions pursuant to this chapter shall be considered and granted or denied by the court within 3 days of the date of the request.

(C) Preliminary injunction

Any request for a preliminary injunction against the Secretary for actions pursuant to this chapter shall be considered and granted or denied by the court on an expedited basis consistent with the provisions of rule 65(b)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, or any successor thereto.

(D) Permanent injunction

Any request for a permanent injunction against the Secretary for actions pursuant to this chapter shall be considered and granted or denied by the court on an expedited basis. Whenever possible, the court shall consolidate trial on the merits with any hearing on a request for a preliminary injunction, consistent with the provisions of rule 65(a)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, or any successor thereto.

(3) Limitation on actions by participating companies

No action or claims may be brought against the Secretary by any person that divests its assets with respect to its participation in a program under this chapter, except as provided in paragraph (1), other than as expressly provided in a written contract with the Secretary.

(4) Stays

Any injunction or other form of equitable relief issued against the Secretary for actions pursuant to section 1 5211, 5212, 5216, and 5219 of this title, shall be automatically stayed. The stay shall be lifted unless the Secretary seeks a stay from a higher court within 3 calendar days after the date on which the relief is issued.

(b) Related matters

(1) Treatment of homeowners' rights

The terms of any residential mortgage loan that is part of any purchase by the Secretary under this chapter shall remain subject to all claims and defenses that would otherwise apply, notwithstanding the exercise of authority by the Secretary under this chapter.

(2) Savings clause

Any exercise of the authority of the Secretary pursuant to this chapter shall not impair the claims or defenses that would otherwise apply with respect to persons other than the Secretary. Except as established in any contract, a servicer of pooled residential mortgages owes any 2 duty to determine whether the net present value of the payments on the loan, as modified, is likely to be greater than the anticipated net recovery that would result from foreclosure to all investors and holders of beneficial interests in such investment, but not to any individual or groups of investors or beneficial interest holders, and shall be deemed to act in the best interests of all such investors or holders of beneficial interests if the servicer agrees to or implements a modification or workout plan when the servicer takes reasonable loss mitigation actions, including partial payments.

(Pub. L. 110–343, div. A, title I, §119, Oct. 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 3787.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act" and was translated as reading "this division", meaning div. A of Pub. L. 110–343, Oct. 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 3765, known as the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. For complete classification of division A to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5201 of this title and Tables.

The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(C), (D), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

1 So in original. Probably should be "sections".

2 So in original. Probably should be "a".
12 U.S.C. § 5587 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 53: WALL STREET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION / Subchapter V: BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION / Section 5587: Transition oversight
Transition oversight
Status: in_force

(a) Purpose

The purpose of this section is to ensure that the Bureau—

(1) has an orderly and organized startup;

(2) attracts and retains a qualified workforce; and

(3) establishes comprehensive employee training and benefits programs.

(b) Reporting requirement

(1) In general

The Bureau shall submit an annual report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives that includes the plans described in paragraph (2).

(2) Plans

The plans described in this paragraph are as follows:

(A) Training and workforce development plan

The Bureau shall submit a training and workforce development plan that includes, to the extent practicable—

(i) identification of skill and technical expertise needs and actions taken to meet those requirements;

(ii) steps taken to foster innovation and creativity;

(iii) leadership development and succession planning; and

(iv) effective use of technology by employees.

(B) Workplace flexibilities plan

The Bureau shall submit a workforce flexibility plan that includes, to the extent practicable—

(i) telework;

(ii) flexible work schedules;

(iii) phased retirement;

(iv) reemployed annuitants;

(v) part-time work;

(vi) job sharing;

(vii) parental leave benefits and childcare assistance;

(viii) domestic partner benefits;

(ix) other workplace flexibilities; or

(x) any combination of the items described in clauses (i) through (ix).

(C) Recruitment and retention plan

The Bureau shall submit a recruitment and retention plan that includes, to the extent practicable, provisions relating to—

(i) the steps necessary to target highly qualified applicant pools with diverse backgrounds;

(ii) streamlined employment application processes;

(iii) the provision of timely notification of the status of employment applications to applicants; and

(iv) the collection of information to measure indicators of hiring effectiveness.

(c) Expiration

The reporting requirement under subsection (b) shall terminate 5 years after July 21, 2010.

(d) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section may be construed to affect—

(1) a collective bargaining agreement, as that term is defined in section 7103(a)(8) of title 5, that is in effect on July 21, 2010; or

(2) the rights of employees under chapter 71 of title 5.

(e) Participation in examinations

In order to prepare the Bureau to conduct examinations under section 5515 of this title upon the designated transfer date, the Bureau and the applicable prudential regulator may agree to include, on a sampling basis, examiners on examinations of the compliance with Federal consumer financial law of institutions described in section 5515(a) of this title conducted by the prudential regulators prior to the designated transfer date.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1067, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2055.)
12 U.S.C. § 196 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter XIII: RECEIVERSHIP / Section 196: Expenses
Expenses
Status: in_force

All expenses of any preliminary or other examinations into the condition of any association shall be paid by such association. All expenses of any receivership shall be paid out of the assets of such association before distribution of the proceeds thereof.

(R.S. §5238; Pub. L. 103–325, title VI, §602(g)(13), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2294.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §5238 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §51, 13 Stat. 115, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–325 struck out at beginning "All fees for protesting the notes issued by any national banking association shall be paid by the person procuring the protest to be made, and such association shall be liable therefor; but no part of the bonds deposited by such association shall be applied to the payment of such fees."
12 U.S.C. § 5628 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 53: WALL STREET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION / Subchapter VII: IMPROVING ACCESS TO MAINSTREAM FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS / Section 5628: Evaluation and reports to Congress
Evaluation and reports to Congress
Status: in_force

For each fiscal year in which a program or project is carried out under this subchapter, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives containing a description of the activities funded, amounts distributed, and measurable results, as appropriate and available.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title XII, §1210, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2133.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title XII of Pub. L. 111–203, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2129, known as the Improving Access to Mainstream Financial Institutions Act of 2010, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of title XII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.
12 U.S.C. § 660 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 7: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter I: FEDERAL LAND BANKS, JOINT-STOCK LAND BANKS, AND FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATIONS / Section 660: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Status: repealed

Section 660, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §3, 39 Stat. 361; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, provided for submission of statements covering salaries paid by land banks.

Section 661, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §3, 39 Stat. 361; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, required filing of an annual report to Congress by Farm Credit Administration. See section 2221 et seq. of this title.

Section 662, acts July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §3, 39 Stat. 361; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §101(d), 73 Stat. 384, provided for examinations and reports. See section 2254 of this title.

Section 663, acts July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §3, 39 Stat. 361; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 785, title III, §301(a), 69 Stat. 664; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §104(h), 73 Stat. 387, provided for statements of condition of land bank associations and land banks. See section 2254 of this title.

Section 664, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §3, 39 Stat. 361; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, authorized preparation of bulletins and circulars by Farm Credit Administration. See section 2252 of this title.

Section 665, acts Jan. 23, 1932, ch. 9, §6, 47 Stat. 14; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 785, title I, §110(d), 69 Stat. 662, authorized Farm Credit Administration to make rules and regulations. See section 2252 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 4715 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 47: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BANKING / Subchapter I: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS / Section 4715: Special provisions with respect to institutions that are supervised by Federal banking agencies
Special provisions with respect to institutions that are supervised by Federal banking agencies
Status: in_force

(a) Consultation with appropriate agencies

The Fund shall consult with and consider the views of the appropriate Federal banking agency prior to providing assistance under this subchapter to—

(1) an insured community development financial institution;

(2) any community development financial institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency; or

(3) any community development financial institution that has as its community partner an institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency.

(b) Requests for information, reports, or records

(1) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (4), notwithstanding any other provisions of this subchapter, prior to directly requesting information from or imposing reporting or recordkeeping requirements on an insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency, the Fund shall consult with the appropriate Federal banking agency to determine if the information requested is available from or may be obtained by such agency in the form, format, or detail required by the Fund.

(2) Timing of response from appropriate Federal banking agency

If the information, reports, or records requested by the Fund pursuant to paragraph (1) are not provided by the appropriate Federal banking agency in less than 15 calendar days after the date on which the material is requested, the Fund may request the information from or impose the recordkeeping or reporting requirements directly on such institutions with notice to the appropriate Federal banking agency.

(3) Elimination of duplicative information and reporting requirements

The Fund shall use any information provided the appropriate Federal banking agency under this section to the extent practicable to eliminate duplicative requests for information and reports from, and recordkeeping by an insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency.

(4) Exception

Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), the Fund may require an insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency to provide information with respect to the institution's implementation of its strategic plan or compliance with the terms of its assistance agreement under this subchapter, after providing notice to the appropriate Federal banking agency.

(c) Exclusion for examination reports

Nothing in this section shall be construed to permit the Fund to require an insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency, to obtain, maintain, or furnish an examination report of any appropriate Federal banking agency or records contained in or related to such a report.

(d) Sharing of information

The Fund and the appropriate Federal banking agency shall promptly notify each other of material concerns about an insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency, and share appropriate information relating to such concerns.

(e) Disclosure prohibited

Neither the Fund nor the appropriate Federal banking agency shall disclose confidential information obtained pursuant to this section from any party without the written consent of that party.

(f) Privilege maintained

The Fund, the appropriate Federal banking agency, and any other party providing information under this section shall not be deemed to have waived any privilege applicable to any information or data, or any portion thereof, by providing such information or data to the other party or by permitting such data or information, or any copies or portions thereof, to be used by the other party.

(g) Exceptions

Nothing in this section shall authorize the Fund or the appropriate Federal banking agency to withhold information from the Congress or prevent it from complying with a request for information from a Federal department or agency in compliance with applicable law.

(h) Sanctions

(1) Notification

The Fund shall notify the appropriate Federal banking agency before imposing any sanction pursuant to the authority in section 4707(f)(2)(C) of this title on an insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of that agency.

(2) Exceptions

The Fund shall not impose a sanction referred to in paragraph (1) if the appropriate Federal banking agency, in writing, not later than 30 calendar days after receiving notice from the Fund—

(A) objects to the proposed sanction;

(B) determines that the sanction would—

(i) have a material adverse effect on the safety and soundness of the institution; or

(ii) impede or interfere with an enforcement action against that institution by that agency;

(C) proposes a comparable alternative action; and

(D) specifically explains—

(i) the basis for the determination under subparagraph (B) and, if appropriate, provides documentation to support the determination; and

(ii) how the alternative action suggested pursuant to subparagraph (C) would be as effective as the sanction proposed by the Fund in securing compliance with this subchapter and deterring future noncompliance.

(i) Safety and soundness considerations

The Fund and each appropriate Federal banking agency shall cooperate and respond to requests from each other and from other appropriate Federal banking agencies in a manner that ensures the safety and soundness of the insured community development financial institution or other institution that is examined by or subject to the reporting requirements of an appropriate Federal banking agency.

(Pub. L. 103–325, title I, §116, Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2185.)
12 U.S.C. § 1848 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 17: BANK HOLDING COMPANIES / Section 1848: Judicial review
Judicial review
Status: in_force

Any party aggrieved by an order of the Board under this chapter may obtain a review of such order in the United States Court of Appeals within any circuit wherein such party has its principal place of business or in the Court of Appeals in the District of Columbia, by filing in the court, within thirty days after the entry of the Board's order, a petition praying that the order of the Board be set aside. A copy of such petition shall be forthwith transmitted to the Board by the clerk of the court, and thereupon the Board shall file in the court the record made before the Board, as provided in section 2112 of title 28. Upon the filing of such petition the court shall have the jurisdiction to affirm, set aside, or modify the order of the Board and to require the Board to take such action with regard to the matter under review as the court deems proper. The findings of the Board as to the facts, if supported by substantial evidence, shall be conclusive.

(May 9, 1956, ch. 240, §9, 70 Stat. 138; Pub. L. 85–791, §34, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 951; Pub. L. 89–485, §10, July 1, 1966, 80 Stat. 240.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1966—Pub. L. 89–485 reduced from 60 to 30 days the period allowed for the filing of a petition to obtain judicial review of a Board order.

1958—Pub. L. 85–791 substituted, in second sentence, "transmitted to the Board by the clerk of the court, and thereupon the Board shall file in the court the record made before the Board, as provided in section 2112 of title 28" for "served upon the Board, and thereupon the Board shall certify and file in the court a transcript of the record made before the Board", and in third sentence, "such petition" for "the transcript".
12 U.S.C. § 3768 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 38A: SINGLE FAMILY MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE / Section 3768: Deficiency judgment
Deficiency judgment
Status: in_force

(a) In general

(1) Referral to Attorney General

If after deducting the payments provided for in section 3762 of this title, the price at which the security property is sold at a foreclosure sale is less than the unpaid balance of the debt secured by the security property, resulting in a deficiency, the Secretary may refer the matter to the Attorney General who may commence an action or actions against any or all debtors to recover the deficiency, unless such an action is specifically prohibited by the mortgage.

(2) Other recoveries

In any action instituted pursuant to this section the United States may recover—

(A) any amount authorized by section 3011 of title 28; and

(B) the costs of the action.

(b) Limitation

Any action commenced to recover a deficiency under this section must be brought not later than 6 years after the date of the last sale of the security property.

(Pub. L. 103–327, title II, Sept. 28, 1994, 108 Stat. 2316.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is based on section 819 of title VIII of S. 2281, One Hundred Third Congress, as reported July 13, 1994, which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 103–327.
12 U.S.C. § 1735a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Subchapter V: MISCELLANEOUS / Section 1735a: Prepayment of mortgages by nonprofit educational institutions; refunds
Prepayment of mortgages by nonprofit educational institutions; refunds
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, no adjusted premium charge shall be collected in connection with the payment in full, prior to maturity, of any mortgage insured under this chapter, if the mortgagor certifies to the Secretary that the loan was paid in full by or on behalf of a nonprofit educational institution which intends to use the property for educational purposes.

(b) The Secretary shall refund any adjusted premium charge collected subsequent to July 1, 1962, and prior to September 2, 1964, in connection with the payment in full, prior to maturity, of any mortgage insured under this chapter, if the mortgagor under such mortgage makes the certification prescribed by subsection (a).

(June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title V, §517, as added Pub. L. 88–560, title I, §120, Sept. 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 782; amended Pub. L. 90–19, §1(a)(3), May 25, 1967, 81 Stat. 17.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1967—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 90–19 substituted "Secretary" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing.
12 U.S.C. § 2243 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 23: FARM CREDIT SYSTEM / Subchapter V: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION / Section 2243: Powers of Board
Powers of Board
Status: in_force

The Board shall manage and administer, and establish policies for, the Farm Credit Administration. It—

(1) shall approve the rules and regulations for the implementation of this chapter not inconsistent with its provisions;

(2) shall provide for the examination of the condition of, and general regulation of the performance of the powers, functions, and duties vested in, each institution of the Farm Credit System;

(3) shall provide for the performance of all the powers and duties vested in the Farm Credit Administration; and

(4) may require such reports as it deems necessary from the institutions of the Farm Credit System.

(Pub. L. 92–181, title V, §5.9, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 619; Pub. L. 99–205, title II, §201(1), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1689; Pub. L. 100–233, title VIII, §805(w), Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1716.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–233 struck out "; civil proceedings" in section catchline.

1985—Pub. L. 99–205 substituted requirement that the Board manage and administer, and establish policies for, the Farm Credit Administration for former requirement that the Federal Farm Credit Board establish the general policy for the guidance of the Farm Credit Administration, including matters of broad and general supervisory, advisory, or policy nature; incorporated existing text in provisions designated cls. (1) to (4); substituted in cl. (2) "general regulation" for "general supervision"; and struck out last sentence which read as follows: "The Board shall function as a unit without delegating any of its functions to individual members, but may appoint committees and subcommittees for studies and reports for consideration by the Board. It shall not operate in an administrative capacity."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–205 effective thirty days after Dec. 23, 1985, see section 401 of Pub. L. 99–205, set out as a note under section 2001 of this title.

Interim Implementation of 1985 Amendment

For provisions authorizing interim implementation by Governor of Farm Credit Administration of amendments to this section by Pub. L. 99–205, see section 402 of Pub. L. 99–205, set out as a note under section 2241 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 3909 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 40: INTERNATIONAL LENDING SUPERVISION / Section 3909: General authorities
General authorities
Status: in_force

(a) Rules and regulations

(1) The appropriate Federal banking agencies are authorized to interpret and define the terms used in this chapter, and each appropriate Federal banking agency shall prescribe rules or regulations or issue orders as necessary to effectuate the purposes of this chapter and to prevent evasions thereof.

(2) The appropriate Federal banking agency is authorized to apply the provisions of this chapter to any affiliate of an insured depository institution, but only to affiliates for which it is the appropriate Federal banking agency, in order to promote uniform application of this chapter or to prevent evasions thereof.

(3) For purposes of this section, the term "affiliate" shall have the same meaning as in section 371c of this title, except that the term "member bank" in such section shall be deemed to refer to an "insured depository institution", as such term is defined in section 1813(c)(2) of this title.

(b) Systems uniformity

The appropriate Federal banking agencies shall establish uniform systems to implement the authorities provided under this chapter.

(c) Existing authorities

(1) The powers and authorities granted in this chapter shall be supplemental to and shall not be deemed in any manner to derogate from or restrict the authority of each appropriate Federal banking agency under section 1818 of this title or any other law including the authority to require additional capital or reserves.

(2) Any such authority may be used by any appropriate Federal banking agency to ensure compliance by a banking institution with the provisions of this chapter and all rules, regulations, or orders issued pursuant thereto.

(d) Civil penalties; assessment and collection

(1) Any banking institution which violates, or any officer, director, employee, agent, or other person participating in the conduct of the affairs of such banking institution, who violates any provision of this chapter, or any rule, regulation, or order, issued under this chapter, shall forfeit and pay a civil penalty of not more than $1,000 per day for each day during which such violation continues.

(2) Such violations shall be deemed to be a violation of a final order under section 1818(i)(2) of this title and the penalty shall be assessed and collected by the appropriate Federal banking agency under the procedures established by, and subject to the rights afforded to parties in, such section.

(Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IX, §910], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1282; Pub. L. 109–351, title VII, §713(b), Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 1995.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–351, §713(b)(1), substituted "insured depository institution" for "insured bank".

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 109–351, §713(b)(2), substituted "an 'insured depository institution', as such term is defined in section 1813(c)(2)" for "an 'insured bank', as such term is used in section 1813(h)".
12 U.S.C. § 1711 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Subchapter II: MORTGAGE INSURANCE / Section 1711: General Surplus and Participating Reserve Accounts
General Surplus and Participating Reserve Accounts
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment; abolishment of General Reinsurance Account

The Secretary shall establish as of July 1, 1954, in the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund a General Surplus Account and a Participating Reserve Account. All of the assets of the General Reinsurance Account shall be transferred to the General Surplus Account whereupon the General Reinsurance Account shall be abolished. There shall be transferred from the various group accounts to the Participating Reserve Account as of July 1, 1954, an amount equal to the aggregate amount which would have been distributed under the provisions of this section in effect on June 30, 1954, if all outstanding mortgages in such group accounts had been paid in full on said date. All of the remaining balances of said group accounts shall as of said date be transferred to the General Surplus Account whereupon all of said group accounts shall be abolished.

(b) Credits and charges

The aggregate net income thereafter received or any net loss thereafter sustained by the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund in any semiannual period shall be credited or charged to the General Surplus Account and/or the Participating Reserve Account in such manner and amounts as the Secretary may determine to be in accord with sound actuarial and accounting practice.

(c) Distribution of funds to terminating mortgagors

Upon termination of the insurance obligation of the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund by payment of any mortgage insured thereunder, the Secretary is authorized to distribute to the mortgagor a share of the Participating Reserve Account in such manner and amount as the Secretary shall determine to be equitable and in accordance with sound actuarial and accounting practice: Provided, That, in no event, shall any such distributable share exceed the aggregate scheduled annual premiums of the mortgagor to the year of termination of the insurance. The Secretary shall not distribute any share to an eligible mortgagor under this subsection beginning on the date which is 6 years after the date the Secretary first transmitted written notification of eligibility to the last known address of the mortgagor, unless the mortgagor has applied in accordance with procedures prescribed by the Secretary for payment of the share within the 6-year period. The Secretary shall transfer any amounts no longer eligible for distribution under the previous sentence from the Participating Reserve Account to the General Surplus Account.

(d) Rights and liabilities

No mortgagor or mortgagee of any mortgage insured under section 1709 of this title shall have any vested right in a credit balance in any such account or be subject to any liability arising out of the mutuality of the Fund and the determination of the Secretary as to the amount to be paid by him to any mortgagor shall be final and conclusive.

(e) Actuarial status of entire Fund

In determining whether there is a surplus for distribution to mortgagors under this section, the Secretary shall take into account the actuarial status of the entire Fund.

(f) Capital ratio for Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund

(1) The Secretary shall ensure that the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund attains a capital ratio of not less than 1.25 percent within 24 months after November 5, 1990, and maintains such ratio thereafter, subject to paragraph (2).

(2) The Secretary shall endeavor to ensure that the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund attains a capital ratio of not less than 2.0 percent within 10 years after November 5, 1990, and shall ensure that the Fund maintains at least such capital ratio at all times thereafter.

(3) Upon the expiration of the 24-month period beginning on November 5, 1990, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report describing the actions the Secretary will take to ensure that the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund attains the capital ratio required under paragraph (2).

(4) For purposes of this subsection:

(A) The term "capital" means the economic net worth of the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund, as determined by the Secretary under the annual audit required under section 1735f–16 of this title.

(B) The term "capital ratio" means the ratio of capital to unamortized insurance-in-force.

(C) The term "economic net worth" means the current cash available to the Fund, plus the net present value of all future cash inflows and outflows expected to result from the outstanding mortgages in the Fund.

(D) The term "unamortized insurance-in-force" means the remaining obligation on outstanding mortgages which are obligations of the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund, as estimated by the Secretary.

(June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title II, §205, 48 Stat. 1250; May 28, 1935, ch. 150, §29(b), 49 Stat. 300; Feb. 3, 1938, ch. 13, §3, 52 Stat. 15; June 3, 1939, ch. 175, §11, 53 Stat. 807; Apr. 20, 1950, ch. 94, title I, §122, 64 Stat. 59; June 30, 1953, ch. 170, §4, 67 Stat. 122; Aug. 2, 1954, ch. 649, title I, §114, 68 Stat. 594; Pub. L. 90–19, §1(a)(3), May 25, 1967, 81 Stat. 17; Pub. L. 101–508, title II, §§2104, 2105, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–19; Pub. L. 102–550, title V, §508(a), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3782; Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, §2118(c)(1), July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2835.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008—Subsecs. (g), (h). Pub. L. 110–289 struck out subsecs. (g) and (h) which related to annual independent audit of Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund and adjustment of premiums, respectively.

1992—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–550 inserted at end "The Secretary shall not distribute any share to an eligible mortgagor under this subsection beginning on the date which is 6 years after the date the Secretary first transmitted written notification of eligibility to the last known address of the mortgagor, unless the mortgagor has applied in accordance with procedures prescribed by the Secretary for payment of the share within the 6-year period. The Secretary shall transfer any amounts no longer eligible for distribution under the previous sentence from the Participating Reserve Account to the General Surplus Account."

1990—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–508, §2104, added subsec. (e).

Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 101–508, §2105, added subsecs. (f) to (h).

1967—Pub. L. 90–19 substituted "Secretary" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing in subsecs. (a) to (d) of this section.

1954—Act Aug. 2, 1954, amended section generally to eliminate the former group accounts and substitute therefor a general surplus account and participating reserve account.

1953—Subsec. (c). Act June 30, 1953, inserted sentence relating to semi-annual transfer of group accounts, and, in remainder of section, changed the provisions relating to settlement of accounts.

1950—Act Apr. 20, 1950, substituted "Commissioner" for "Administrator" wherever appearing.

1939—Subsec. (b). Act June 3, 1939, inserted "prior to July 1, 1939".

1938—Subsecs. (a) to (f). Act Feb. 3, 1938, amended provisions generally, and among other changes, struck out subsec. (f).

1935—Subsec. (f). Act May 28, 1935, substituted "annual premium charge" for "premium charge" in first sentence.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Exception to Statute of Limitations

Pub. L. 102–550, title V, §508(b), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3782, provided that: "Notwithstanding the 6-year limitation on distribution of shares of the Participating Reserve Account under section 205(c) of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1711(c)], the Secretary shall distribute a share to an otherwise eligible mortgagor in accordance with section 205(c), if the mortgagor applies for payment of the share within 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 28, 1992] in accordance with procedures in effect on such date."
12 U.S.C. § 1816 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 16: FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION / Section 1816: Factors to be considered
Factors to be considered
Status: in_force

The factors that are required, under section 1814 of this title, to be considered in connection with, and enumerated in, any certificate issued pursuant to section 1814 of this title and that are required, under section 1815 of this title, to be considered by the Board of Directors in connection with any determination by such Board pursuant to section 1815 of this title are the following:

(1) The financial history and condition of the depository institution.

(2) The adequacy of the depository institution's capital structure.

(3) The future earnings prospects of the depository institution.

(4) The general character and fitness of the management of the depository institution.

(5) The risk presented by such depository institution to the Deposit Insurance Fund.

(6) The convenience and needs of the community to be served by such depository institution.

(7) Whether the depository institution's corporate powers are consistent with the purposes of this chapter.

(Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 967, §2[6], 64 Stat. 876; Pub. L. 101–73, title II, §207, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 206; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, §2704(d)(14)(F), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–491; Pub. L. 109–171, title II, §2102(b), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 109–173, §8(a)(7), Feb. 15, 2006, 119 Stat. 3611.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Section is derived from subsec. (g) of former section 264 of this title. See Codification note set out under section 1811 of this title.

Amendments

2006—Par. (5). Pub. L. 109–173 substituted "Deposit Insurance Fund" for "Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund".

Pub. L. 109–171 repealed Pub. L. 104–208, §2704(d)(14)(F). See 1996 Amendment note below.

1996—Par. (5). Pub. L. 104–208, §2704(d)(14)(F), which directed substitution of "Deposit Insurance Fund" for "Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund", was repealed by Pub. L. 109–171. See Effective Date of 1996 Amendment note below and 2006 Amendment note above.

1989—Pub. L. 101–73 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: "The factors to be enumerated in the certificate required under section 1814 of this title and to be considered by the Board of Directors under section 1815 of this title shall be the following: The financial history and condition of the bank, the adequacy of its capital structure, its future earnings prospects, the general character of its management, the convenience and needs of the community to be served by the bank, and whether or not its corporate powers are consistent with the purposes of this chapter."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–173 effective Mar. 31, 2006, see section 8(b) of Pub. L. 109–173, set out as a note under section 1813 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–171 effective no later than the first day of the first calendar quarter that begins after the end of the 90-day period beginning Feb. 8, 2006, see section 2102(c) of Pub. L. 109–171, set out as a Merger of BIF and SAIF note under section 1821 of this title.

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 104–208 effective Jan. 1, 1999, if no insured depository institution is a savings association on that date, see section 2704(c) of Pub. L. 104–208, formerly set out as a note under section 1821 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 62 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter II: CAPITAL, STOCK, AND STOCKHOLDERS / Section 62: List of shareholders
List of shareholders
Status: in_force

The president and cashier of every national banking association shall cause to be kept at all times a full and correct list of the names and residences of all the shareholders in the association, and the number of shares held by each, in the office where its business is transacted. Such list shall be subject to the inspection of all the shareholders and creditors of the association, and the officers authorized to assess taxes under State authority, during business hours of each day in which business may be legally transacted. A copy of such list, verified by the oath of such president or cashier, shall be transmitted to the Comptroller of the Currency within ten days of any demand therefor made by him.

(R.S. §5210; May 18, 1953, ch. 59, §1, 67 Stat. 27.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §5210 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §40, 13 Stat. 111, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

Amendments

1953—Act May 18, 1953, changed the requirement for annual transmission of a copy of the shareholders list to the Comptroller of the Currency by authorizing the Comptroller to acquire such copy at any time on 10 days' notice.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Application to District of Columbia

Provisions of this section were made applicable to banks, etc., in the District of Columbia by act Mar. 4, 1933, ch. 274, §4, 47 Stat. 1567.

Executive Documents

Exception as to Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by any provision of law in Comptroller of the Currency, referred to in this section, not included in transfer of functions to Secretary of the Treasury, see note set out under section 1 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 3352 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 34A: APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS EXAMINATION COUNCIL / Section 3352: Emergency exceptions for disaster areas
Emergency exceptions for disaster areas
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Each Federal financial institutions regulatory agency may, by regulation or order, make exceptions to this chapter, and to standards prescribed pursuant to this chapter, for transactions involving institutions for which the agency is the primary Federal regulator with respect to real property located within a disaster area if the agency—

(1) makes the exception not later than 30 months after the date on which the President determines, pursuant to section 5170 of title 42, that a major disaster exists in the area; and

(2) determines that the exception—

(A) would facilitate recovery from the major disaster; and

(B) is consistent with safety and soundness.

(b) 3-year limit on exceptions

Any exception made under this section shall expire not later than 3 years after the date of the determination referred to in subsection (a)(1).

(c) Publication required

Any Federal financial institutions regulatory agency shall publish in the Federal Register a statement that—

(1) describes any exception made under this section; and

(2) explains how the exception—

(A) would facilitate recovery from the major disaster; and

(B) is consistent with safety and soundness.

(d) "Disaster area" defined

For purposes of this section, the term "disaster area" means an area in which the President, pursuant to section 5170 of title 42, has determined that a major disaster exists.

(Pub. L. 101–73, title XI, §1123, as added Pub. L. 102–485, §2, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2771.)
12 U.S.C. § 73 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter III: DIRECTORS / Section 73: Oath
Oath
Status: in_force

Each director, when appointed or elected, shall take an oath that he will, so far as the duty devolves on him, diligently and honestly administer the affairs of such association, and will not knowingly violate or willingly permit to be violated any of the provisions of title 62 of the Revised Statutes, and that he is the owner in good faith, and in his own right, of the number of shares of stock required by title 62 of the Revised Statutes, subscribed by him, or standing in his name on the books of the association, and that the same is not hypothecated, or in any way pledged, as security for any loan or debt. The oath shall be taken before a notary public, properly authorized and commissioned by the State in which he resides, or before any other officer having an official seal and authorized by the State to administer oaths, except that the oath shall not be taken before any such notary public or other officer who is an officer of the director's bank. The oath, subscribed by the director making it, and certified by the notary public or other officer before whom it is taken, shall be immediately transmitted to the Comptroller of the Currency and shall be filed and preserved in his office for a period of ten years.

(R.S. §5147; Feb. 20, 1925, ch. 274, 43 Stat. 955.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original "this Title" meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72, 74 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

R.S. §5147 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §9, 13 Stat. 102, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

Executive Documents

Exception as to Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by any provision of law in Comptroller of the Currency, referred to in this section, not included in transfer of functions to Secretary of the Treasury, see note set out under section 1 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 1772c (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 14: FEDERAL CREDIT UNIONS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1772c: Trust fund
Trust fund
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, all moneys of the Board shall be treated as trust funds for the purpose of section 906(a)(2) 1 of title 2. This section is effective for fiscal year 1986 and every fiscal year thereafter.

(June 26, 1934, ch. 750, title I, §129, as added Pub. L. 100–86, title VII, §708, Aug. 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 653.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 906(a) of title 2, referred to in text, was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII, §13101(d)(1), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–589, and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I, §10(a), Feb. 12, 2010, 124 Stat. 21. Provisions similar to those formerly appearing in section 906(a)(2) are now contained in section 906(k)(6) of Title 2, The Congress.

1 See References in Text note below.
12 U.S.C. § 285 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter VI: CAPITAL AND STOCK OF FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS; DIVIDENDS AND EARNINGS / Section 285: Nonvoting stock
Nonvoting stock
Status: in_force

Stock not held by member banks shall not be entitled to voting power.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §2 (par.), 38 Stat. 253.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of the eleventh par. of section 2 of act Dec. 23, 1913. For classification of other pars. of section 2 of this Act, see Codification note set out under section 222 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 3903 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 40: INTERNATIONAL LENDING SUPERVISION / Section 3903: Strengthened supervision of international lending
Strengthened supervision of international lending
Status: in_force

(a) Each appropriate Federal banking agency shall evaluate banking institution foreign country exposure and transfer risk for use in banking institution examination and supervision.

(b) Each such agency shall establish examination and supervisory procedures to assure that factors such as foreign country exposure and transfer risk are taken into account in evaluating the adequacy of the capital of banking institutions.

(Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IX, §904], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1279.)
12 U.S.C. § 4111 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 42: LOW-INCOME HOUSING PRESERVATION AND RESIDENT HOMEOWNERSHIP / Subchapter I: PREPAYMENT OF MORTGAGES INSURED UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT / Section 4111: Mandatory sale for housing exceeding Federal cost limits
Mandatory sale for housing exceeding Federal cost limits
Status: in_force

(a) In general

With respect to any eligible low-income housing for which the aggregate preservation rents determined under section 4104(b) of this title exceed the Federal cost limit, the owner shall offer the housing for sale to qualified purchasers as provided in this section.

(b) Right of first refusal to priority purchasers

(1) Duration and required sale

For the 12-month period beginning upon the receipt by the Secretary of the second notice of intent under section 4106(d) of this title with respect to such housing, the owner of the housing may offer to sell and may sell the housing only to priority purchasers. If, during such period, a priority purchaser makes a bona fide offer to purchase the housing for a sale price not less than the preservation value of the housing determined under section 4103(b)(2) of this title, the Secretary shall require the owner to sell the housing pursuant to such offer.

(2) Expression of interest

During the period under paragraph (1), priority purchasers shall have the opportunity to submit written notice to the owner and the Secretary stating their interest in acquiring the housing. Such written notice shall be in such form and include such information as the Secretary may prescribe.

(3) Information from Secretary

Not later than 30 days after receipt of any notice under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide such purchaser with information on the assistance available from the Federal Government to facilitate a transfer and the owner shall provide such purchaser with appropriate information on the housing, as determined by the Secretary.

(c) Right of refusal for other qualified purchasers

If no bona fide offer to purchase any eligible low-income housing subject to this section that meets the requirements of subsection (b) is made during the period under such subsection, during the 3-month period beginning upon the expiration of the 12-month period under subsection (b)(1), the owner of the housing may offer to sell and may sell the housing only to qualified purchasers. If, during such period, a qualified purchaser makes a bona fide offer to purchase the housing for a sale price not less than the preservation value of the housing determined under section 4103(b)(2) of this title, the Secretary shall require the owner to sell the housing pursuant to such offer.

(d) Assistance

(1) Federal cost limit

Subject to the availability of amounts approved in appropriations Acts, the Secretary shall, for approvable plans of action, provide to qualified purchasers assistance under section 1437f of title 42 sufficient to produce a gross income potential equal to the amount determined by multiplying 120 percent of the prevailing rents in the relevant local market area in which the housing is located by the number of units in the project (according to appropriate unit sizes), and any other incentives authorized under section 4109(b) of this title that would have been provided to a qualified purchaser under section 4110 of this title.

(2) Additional assistance

From amounts made available under section 4124(b) of this title, the Secretary may make grants to assist in the completion of sales and transfers under this section to any qualified purchasers. Any grant under this paragraph shall be in an amount not exceeding the difference between the preservation value for the housing (determined under section 4103(b)(2) of this title) and the level of assistance under paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(3) Securing State and local funding

The Secretary shall assist any qualified purchaser of such housing in securing funding and other assistance (including tax and assessment reductions) from State and local governments to facilitate a sale under this section.

(Pub. L. 100–242, title II, §221, as added Pub. L. 101–625, title VI, §601(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4259; amended Pub. L. 102–550, title III, §317(a)(3), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3772.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1992—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–550 substituted "than" for "that" before "the preservation".
12 U.S.C. § 1750d (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Subchapter X: NATIONAL DEFENSE HOUSING INSURANCE / Section 1750d: Repealed. Pub. L. 89-117, title XI, §1108(aa), Aug. 10, 1965, 79 Stat. 507
Repealed. Pub. L. 89-117, title XI, §1108(aa), Aug. 10, 1965, 79 Stat. 507
Status: repealed

Section, act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title IX, §905, as added Sept. 1, 1951, ch. 378, title II, §201, 65 Stat. 301, provided for management of National Defense Housing Insurance Fund, issue and cancellation of debentures, and receipt and payment of charges and fees.
12 U.S.C. § 1021 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 7: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter III: FEDERAL INTERMEDIATE CREDIT BANKS / Section 1021: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Status: repealed

Section 1021, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title II, §201(a), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title I, §2, 42 Stat. 1454; amended Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, authorized the Farm Credit Administration to grant charters for 12 intermediate credit banks. See section 2071 of this title.

Section 1022, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title II, §201 (b), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title I, §2, 42 Stat. 1454; amended June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VII, §76(a), 48 Stat. 271; Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §10, 50 Stat. 707; July 26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, §104(a), 70 Stat. 663, covered the location, directors, officers, employees, and by-laws of intermediate credit banks. See section 2072 of this title.

Section 1023, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title II, §201(c), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title I, §2, 42 Stat. 1454; amended Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §26, 50 Stat. 715, set out the corporate powers of intermediate credit banks. See section 2072 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 32 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter I: ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 32: Liabilities and suits as affected by change of name or location
Liabilities and suits as affected by change of name or location
Status: in_force

Nothing contained in sections 30 and 31 of this title shall be so construed as in any manner to release any national banking association under its old name or at its old location from any liability, or affect any action or proceeding in law in which said association may be or become a party or interested.

(May 1, 1886, ch. 73, §4, 24 Stat. 19.)
12 U.S.C. § 329a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter VIII: STATE BANKS AS MEMBERS OF SYSTEM / Section 329a: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §9 (par.), as added Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, §202, 49 Stat. 704, related to waiver of the requirements of sections 321 to 338 of this title for admission to membership in the case of a bank which was required to become a member of the Federal Reserve System under a former provision of subsection (y) of former section 264 of this title, which provision was repealed by act June 20, 1939, ch. 214, §2, 53 Stat. 842.

This section was based on the twelfth par. of section 9 of act Dec. 23, 1913, as amended. The twelfth par. constituted the eleventh par. of section 9 when added in 1935, and became the twelfth par. in 1950 (64 Stat. 458). For further details, see Codification note set out under section 321 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 5511 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 53: WALL STREET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION / Subchapter V: BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION / Section 5511: Purpose, objectives, and functions
Purpose, objectives, and functions
Status: in_force

(a) Purpose

The Bureau shall seek to implement and, where applicable, enforce Federal consumer financial law consistently for the purpose of ensuring that all consumers have access to markets for consumer financial products and services and that markets for consumer financial products and services are fair, transparent, and competitive.

(b) Objectives

The Bureau is authorized to exercise its authorities under Federal consumer financial law for the purposes of ensuring that, with respect to consumer financial products and services—

(1) consumers are provided with timely and understandable information to make responsible decisions about financial transactions;

(2) consumers are protected from unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts and practices and from discrimination;

(3) outdated, unnecessary, or unduly burdensome regulations are regularly identified and addressed in order to reduce unwarranted regulatory burdens;

(4) Federal consumer financial law is enforced consistently, without regard to the status of a person as a depository institution, in order to promote fair competition; and

(5) markets for consumer financial products and services operate transparently and efficiently to facilitate access and innovation.

(c) Functions

The primary functions of the Bureau are—

(1) conducting financial education programs;

(2) collecting, investigating, and responding to consumer complaints;

(3) collecting, researching, monitoring, and publishing information relevant to the functioning of markets for consumer financial products and services to identify risks to consumers and the proper functioning of such markets;

(4) subject to sections 5514 through 5516 of this title, supervising covered persons for compliance with Federal consumer financial law, and taking appropriate enforcement action to address violations of Federal consumer financial law;

(5) issuing rules, orders, and guidance implementing Federal consumer financial law; and

(6) performing such support activities as may be necessary or useful to facilitate the other functions of the Bureau.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1021, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1979.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1029A, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2005, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle B (§§1021–1029A), enacting this part] shall become effective on the designated transfer date, except that sections 1022, 1024, and 1025(e) [12 U.S.C. 5512, 5514, and 5515(e)] shall become effective on the date of enactment of this Act [July 21, 2010]."

[The term "designated transfer date" is defined in section 5481(9) of this title as the date established under section 5582 of this title.]
12 U.S.C. § 2209 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 23: FARM CREDIT SYSTEM / Subchapter IV: PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO TWO OR MORE CLASSES OF INSTITUTIONS OF THE SYSTEM / Section 2209: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title V, §5403, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4675
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title V, §5403, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4675
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 92–181, title IV, §4.21, as added Pub. L. 100–399, title IV, §414, Aug. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 1004; amended Pub. L. 102–552, title V, §509, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4132, related to maximum amount of compensation of bank directors.
12 U.S.C. § 43 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter I: ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 43: Interpretations concerning preemption of certain State laws
Interpretations concerning preemption of certain State laws
Status: in_force

(a) Notice and opportunity for comment required

Before issuing any opinion letter or interpretive rule, in response to a request or upon the agency's own motion, that concludes that Federal law preempts the application to a national bank of any State law regarding community reinvestment, consumer protection, fair lending, or the establishment of intrastate branches, or before making a determination under section 36(f)(1)(A)(ii) of this title, the appropriate Federal banking agency (as defined in section 1813 of this title) shall—

(1) publish in the Federal Register notice of the preemption or discrimination issue that the agency is considering (including a description of each State law at issue);

(2) give interested parties not less than 30 days in which to submit written comments; and

(3) in developing the final opinion letter or interpretive rule issued by the agency, or making any determination under section 36(f)(1)(A)(ii) of this title, consider any comments received.

(b) Publication required

The appropriate Federal banking agency shall publish in the Federal Register—

(1) any final opinion letter or interpretive rule concluding that Federal law preempts the application of any State law regarding community reinvestment, consumer protection, fair lending, or establishment of intrastate branches to a national bank; and

(2) any determination under section 36(f)(1)(A)(ii) of this title.

(c) Exceptions

(1) No new issue or significant basis

This section shall not apply with respect to any opinion letter or interpretive rule that—

(A) raises issues of Federal preemption of State law that are essentially identical to those previously resolved by the courts or on which the agency has previously issued an opinion letter or interpretive rule; or

(B) responds to a request that contains no significant legal basis on which to make a preemption determination.

(2) Judicial, legislative, or intragovernmental materials

This section shall not apply with respect to materials prepared for use in judicial proceedings or submission to Congress or a Member of Congress, or for intragovernmental use.

(3) Emergency

The appropriate Federal banking agency may make exceptions to subsection (a) if—

(A) the agency determines in writing that the exception is necessary to avoid a serious and imminent threat to the safety and soundness of any national bank; or

(B) the opinion letter or interpretive rule is issued in connection with—

(i) an acquisition of 1 or more banks in default or in danger of default (as such terms are defined in section 1813 of this title); or

(ii) an acquisition with respect to which the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation provides assistance under section 1823(c) of this title.

(R.S. §5244, as added Pub. L. 103–328, title I, §114, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2366.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Another R.S. §5244 is classified to section 8 of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters.
12 U.S.C. § 8 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 1: THE COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY / Section 8: Clerks
Clerks
Status: in_force

The Comptroller of the Currency shall employ, from time to time, the necessary clerks, to be appointed and classified by the Secretary of the Treasury, to discharge such duties as the comptroller shall direct.

(R.S. §328.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §328 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §1, 13 Stat. 100, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

Executive Documents

Exception as to Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by any provision of law in Comptroller of the Currency, referred to in this section, not included in transfer of functions to Secretary of the Treasury, see note set out under section 1 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 1735 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Subchapter V: MISCELLANEOUS / Section 1735: Payment of certain funds to Treasury
Payment of certain funds to Treasury
Status: in_force

The following funds shall be deemed an indebtedness to the United States of the particular insurance fund involved, and the Secretary is authorized and directed to pay the amount of such indebtedness to the Secretary of the Treasury, with simple interest thereon from the date the funds were advanced to the date of final payment at a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the average rate on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States from the date the funds were advanced until the date of final payment—

(1) funds made available to the Secretary pursuant to the provisions of sections 1705 and 1708 of this title, exclusive of amounts heretofore refunded, (a) for carrying out this subchapter and section 484d of title 48 with respect to mortgages insured under section 1709 of this title where such funds were credited to the general reinsurance account in the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund, and (b) for the payment of salaries and expenses with respect to mortgage insurance under sections 1713 and 1715a of this title where such funds were credited to the Housing Insurance Fund;

(2) funds made available to the Secretary pursuant to sections 1737 and 1748a 1 of this title; and

(3) funds made available to the Secretary by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to section 1747i 1 of this title.

Payments to the Secretary of the Treasury under this section shall be made in such amounts and at such times as the Secretary determines, after consultations with the Secretary of the Treasury, that funds are available for that purpose, taking into consideration the continued solvency of the funds involved. All payments made pursuant to this section shall be covered into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.

(June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title V, §516, as added June 30, 1953, ch. 170, §9, 67 Stat. 123; amended Pub. L. 90–19, §1(a)(3), May 25, 1967, 81 Stat. 17; Pub. L. 98–479, title II, §204(a)(21), Oct. 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 2232.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1715a of this title, referred to in par. (1), in the original was a reference to section 210 of the National Housing Act (June 27, 1934, ch. 847, §210, as added Feb. 3, 1938, ch. 13, §3, 52 Stat. 22), which was repealed by act June 3, 1939, ch. 175, §13, 53 Stat. 807. See note set out under section 1715a.

Section 484d of title 48, referred to in text, which authorized the Federal Housing Commissioner to prescribe a higher maximum for the principal obligation of mortgages, was omitted from the Code.

Sections 1737, 1747i, and 1748a of this title, referred to in text, were repealed by Pub. L. 89–117, title II, §1108(aa), Aug. 10, 1965, 79 Stat. 507.

Amendments

1984—Pub. L. 98–479 inserted "Payment of certain funds to Treasury" as section catchline.

1967—Pub. L. 90–19 substituted "Secretary" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing.

1 See References in Text note below.
12 U.S.C. § 4208 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 43: ACTIONS AGAINST PERSONS COMMITTING BANK FRAUD CRIMES / Subchapter I: DECLARATIONS PROVIDING NEW CLAIMS TO UNITED STATES / Section 4208: Nonreviewability of action by Attorney General
Nonreviewability of action by Attorney General
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other law, no court shall have jurisdiction over any claim based on any action taken by the Attorney General or any refusal to take action under this subchapter, except for failure to provide notification under section 4206 of this title.

(Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, §2568, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4898.)
12 U.S.C. § 871 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 7: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter I: FEDERAL LAND BANKS, JOINT-STOCK LAND BANKS, AND FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATIONS / Section 871: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Status: repealed

Section 871, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21, 39 Stat. 377; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, provided that land banks be bound by the acts of officers and Farm Credit Administration in issue of bonds.

Section 872, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21, 39 Stat. 377; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, covered liability of each land bank for bonds issued by it and by other land banks.

Section 873, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21, 39 Stat. 377, directed that board of directors of each land bank obligate each such bank to become liable on farm loan bonds.

Section 874, acts July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21, 39 Stat. 377; Apr. 20, 1920, ch. 154, §6, 41 Stat. 571; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VII, §75(b), title VIII, §80(a), 48 Stat. 271, 273; June 30, 1945, ch. 204, §10(a), 59 Stat. 268, provided for signing and attesting of bonds and certificate of Land Bank Commissioner.

Section 875, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476, authorized consolidation of bonds and their sale through a common selling agency.

Section 876, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VIII, §§80(a), 81, 48 Stat. 273, provided for signature and attestation of bonds, joint and several obligations, and recitals.

Section 877, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476, directed that consolidated bonds be made payable at any land bank and authorized provisions making them payable at Federal reserve banks or other designated banks as well.

Section 878, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended Mar. 4, 1925, ch. 524, §6, 43 Stat. 1264; June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VIII, §§80(a), 81, 48 Stat. 273, directed that land banks on whose behalf consolidated bonds are issued be bound by acts of Land Bank Commissioner and any deputy land bank commissioner.

Section 879, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VIII, §§80(a), 81, 48 Stat. 273, directed that boards of directors of land banks, before participating in a consolidated issue, obligate such banks to be liable on farm loan bonds and to be bound by action of Land Bank Commissioner and any deputy land bank commissioner.

Section 880, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VII, §75(b), title VIII, §80(a), 48 Stat. 271, 273; June 30, 1945, ch. 204 §10(b), 59 Stat. 269, covered certificate of Land Bank Commissioner appearing on face of every farm loan bond issued.

Section 881, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21, 39 Stat. 377; Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title VIII, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; Mar. 4, 1933, ch. 270, §7, 47 Stat. 1550; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, covered special provisions of farm loan bonds, consolidated bonds, the participation of land banks in their issuance, and collateral.

Section 882, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933, covered action to be taken upon failure of a participating bank to pay interest or principal.

Section 883, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §18, 50 Stat. 709, covered bond committee of Federal land banks and acts of such committee in conducting its business.

Section 884, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476; amended Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; June 16, 1933, ch. 98, title VIII, §§80(a), 81, 48 Stat. 273, set out duties of bond committee on contemplation of an issue of consolidated bonds.

Section 885, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476, covered proper charging of expenses of bond committee and of sale of bonds.

Section 886, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §21 (par.), as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title III, §308, 42 Stat. 1476, provided for compensation of members of bond committee.
12 U.S.C. § 626 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 6: FOREIGN BANKING / Subchapter II: ORGANIZATION OF CORPORATIONS TO DO FOREIGN BANKING / Section 626: Dividends; surplus fund
Dividends; surplus fund
Status: in_force

The directors of any corporation organized under the provisions of this subchapter may, semiannually, declare a dividend of so much of the net profits of the corporation as they shall judge expedient; but each corporation shall, before the declaration of a dividend, carry one-tenth of its net profits of the preceding half year to its surplus fund until the same shall amount to 20 per centum of its capital stock.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §25A (par.), formerly §25(a), as added Dec. 24, 1919, ch. 18, 41 Stat. 378; renumbered §25A, Pub. L. 102–242, title I, §142(e)(2), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2281.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this section", meaning section 25A of act Dec. 23, 1913, which is classified to this subchapter (§611 et seq.).

Codification

Section is comprised of par. 18 (undesignated) of section 25A of act Dec. 23, 1913, which comprises this subchapter. For complete classification of section 25A of this Act, see Codification note set out under section 611 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 5239 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 52: EMERGENCY ECONOMIC STABILIZATION / Subchapter I: TROUBLED ASSETS RELIEF PROGRAM / Section 5239: Recoupment
Recoupment
Status: in_force

Upon the expiration of the 5-year period beginning upon October 3, 2008, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in consultation with the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, shall submit a report to the Congress on the net amount within the Troubled Asset Relief Program under this chapter. In any case where there is a shortfall, the President shall submit a legislative proposal that recoups from the financial industry an amount equal to the shortfall in order to ensure that the Troubled Asset Relief Program does not add to the deficit or national debt.

(Pub. L. 110–343, div. A, title I, §134, Oct. 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 3798.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act" and was translated as reading "this division", meaning div. A of Pub. L. 110–343, Oct. 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 3765, known as the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. For complete classification of division A to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5201 of this title and Tables.
12 U.S.C. § 1465 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 12: SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS / Section 1465: State law preemption standards for Federal savings associations clarified
State law preemption standards for Federal savings associations clarified
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Any determination by a court or by the Director or any successor officer or agency regarding the relation of State law to a provision of this chapter or any regulation or order prescribed under this chapter shall be made in accordance with the laws and legal standards applicable to national banks regarding the preemption of State law.

(b) Principles of conflict preemption applicable

Notwithstanding the authorities granted under sections 1463 and 1464 of this title, this chapter does not occupy the field in any area of State law.

(c) Visitorial powers

The provisions of sections 1 25b(i) of this title shall apply to Federal savings associations, and any subsidiary thereof, to the same extent and in the same manner as if such savings associations, or subsidiaries thereof, were national banks or subsidiaries of national banks, respectively.

(d) Enforcement actions

The ability of the Comptroller of the Currency to bring an enforcement action under this chapter or section 45 of title 15 does not preclude any private party from enforcing rights granted under Federal or State law in the courts.

(June 13, 1933, ch. 64, §6, as added and amended Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §§1046(a), 1047(b), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2017, 2018.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1465, acts June 13, 1933, ch. 64, §6, 48 Stat. 134; Apr. 27, 1934, ch. 168, §11, 48 Stat. 647; May 28, 1935, ch. 150, §19, 49 Stat. 297; Pub. L. 101–73, title III, §301, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 313, which related to liquid asset requirements, was repealed by Pub. L. 106–569, title XII, §1201(a), Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 3032.

Amendments

2010—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 111–203, §1047(b), added subsecs. (c) and (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment and amendment of section by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1048 of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 5551 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "section".
12 U.S.C. § 26 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter I: ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 26: Comptroller to determine if association can commence business
Comptroller to determine if association can commence business
Status: in_force

Whenever a certificate is transmitted to the Comptroller of the Currency, as provided in title 62 of the Revised Statutes, and the association transmitting the same notifies the Comptroller that all of its capital stock has been duly paid in, and that such association has complied with all the provisions of title 62 of the Revised Statutes required to be complied with before an association shall be authorized to commence the business of banking, the Comptroller shall examine into the condition of such association, ascertain especially the amount of money paid in on account of its capital, the name and place of residence of each of its directors, and the amount of the capital stock of which each is the owner in good faith, and generally whether such association has complied with all the provisions of title 62 of the Revised Statutes required to entitle it to engage in the business of banking; and shall cause to be made and attested by the oaths of a majority of the directors, and by the president or cashier of the association, a statement of all the facts necessary to enable the Comptroller to determine whether the association is lawfully entitled to commence the business of banking.

(R.S. §5168; Pub. L. 86–230, §2, Sept. 8, 1959, 73 Stat. 457.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original "this Title" meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§5133 to 5244, which are classified this section and to sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

R.S. §5168 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §17, 13 Stat. 104, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

Amendments

1959—Pub. L. 86–230 substituted "all" for "at least 50 per centum" before "of its capital stock".

Executive Documents

Exception as to Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by any provision of law in Comptroller of the Currency, referred to in this section, not included in transfer of functions to Secretary of the Treasury, see note set out under section 1 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 4145 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 42: LOW-INCOME HOUSING PRESERVATION AND RESIDENT HOMEOWNERSHIP / Subchapter II: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND CAPACITY BUILDING / Section 4145: Delivery of assistance through intermediaries
Delivery of assistance through intermediaries
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall approve and disburse assistance under section 4143 of this title through eligible intermediaries selected by the Secretary under subsection (b). If the Secretary does not receive an acceptable proposal from an intermediary offering to administer assistance under this section in a given State, the Secretary shall administer the program in such State directly.

(b) Selection of eligible intermediaries

(1) In general

The Secretary shall develop criteria to select eligible intermediaries, through a competitive process, to administer assistance under this subchapter. The process shall include provision for a reasonable administrative fee.

(2) Priority

With respect to all forms of grants available under section 4143 of this title, such criteria shall give priority to applications from eligible intermediaries with demonstrated expertise or experience with the program established under this title 1 or under the Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987.

(3) Criteria

The criteria developed under this subsection shall—

(A) not assign any preference or priority to applications from eligible intermediaries based on their previous participation in administering or receiving Federal grants or loans (but may exclude applicants who have failed to perform under prior contracts of a similar nature);

(B) require an applicant to prepare a proposal that demonstrates adequate staffing, qualifications, prior experience, and a plan for participation; and

(C) permit an applicant to serve as the administrator of assistance made available under section 4143(d) or (e) of this title, based on the applicant's suitability and interest.

(4) Geographic coverage

The Secretary may select more than 1 State or regional intermediary for a single State or region. The number of intermediaries chosen for each State or region may be based on the number of eligible low-income housing projects in the State or region, provided there is no duplication of geographic coverage by intermediaries in the administration of the direct assistance grant program.

(5) National nonprofit intermediaries

National nonprofit intermediaries shall be selected to administer the assistance made available under section 4143 of this title only with respect to States or regions for which no other eligible intermediary, acceptable to the Secretary, has submitted a proposal to participate.

(6) Preference

With respect to assistance made available under section 4144 of this title, preference shall be given to eligible regional, State, and local intermediaries, over national nonprofit organizations.

(c) Conflicts of interest

Eligible intermediaries selected under subsection (b) to disburse assistance under section 4143 of this title shall certify that they will serve only as delegated program administrators, charged with the responsibility for reviewing and approving grant applications on behalf of the Secretary. Selected intermediaries shall—

(1) establish appropriate procedures for grant administration and fiscal management, pursuant to standards established by the Secretary; and

(2) receive a reasonable administrative fee, except that they may not provide other services to grant recipients with respect to projects that are the subject of the grant application and may not receive payment, directly or indirectly, from the proceeds of grants they have approved.

(d) "Eligible intermediary" defined

For purposes of this section, the term "eligible intermediary" means a State, regional, or national organization (including a quasi-public organization) or a State or local housing agency that—

(1) has as a central purpose the preservation of existing affordable housing and the prevention of displacement;

(2) does not receive direct Federal appropriations for operating support;

(3) in the case of a national nonprofit organization, has been in existence for at least 5 years prior to the date of application and has been classified by the Internal Revenue Service as an exempt organization under section 501(c)(3) of title 26;

(4) in the case of a regional or State nonprofit organization, has been in existence for at least 3 years prior to the date of application and has been classified by the Internal Revenue Service as an exempt organization under section 501(c)(3) of title 26 or is otherwise a tax-exempt entity;

(5) has a record of service to low-income individuals or community-based nonprofit housing developers in multiple communities and, with respect to intermediaries administering assistance under section 4143 of this title, has experience with the allocation or administration of grant or loan funds; and

(6) meets standards of fiscal responsibility established by the Secretary.

(Pub. L. 100–242, title II, §255, as added Pub. L. 102–550, title III, §312, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3767.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), means title II of Pub. L. 100–242, as amended by Pub. L. 101–625, title VI, §601(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4249, known as the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4101 of this title and Tables.

The Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is title II of Pub. L. 100–242, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1877, which was classified principally as a note under section 1715l of this title. Title II of Pub. L. 100–242 was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–625, title VI, §601(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4249, and is now known as the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4101 of this title and Tables.

1 See References in Text note below.
12 U.S.C. § 4202 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 43: ACTIONS AGAINST PERSONS COMMITTING BANK FRAUD CRIMES / Subchapter I: DECLARATIONS PROVIDING NEW CLAIMS TO UNITED STATES / Section 4202: Contents of declarations
Contents of declarations
Status: in_force

A declaration filed pursuant to section 4201 of this title shall—

(1) set forth the name and address of the declarant and the basis for the declarant's knowledge of the facts alleged;

(2) allege under oath or affirmation specific facts, relating to a particular transaction or transactions, which constitute a prima facie case of a violation giving rise to an action for civil penalties under section 1833a of this title affecting a depository institution insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other agency or entity of the United States;

(3) contain at least 1 new factual element necessary to establish a prima facie case that was unknown to the Government at the time of filing; and

(4) set forth all facts supporting the allegation of a violation described in paragraph (2) known to the declarant, along with the names of material witnesses and the nature and location of documentary evidence known to the declarant.

(Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, §2562, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4894.)
12 U.S.C. § 59 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter II: CAPITAL, STOCK, AND STOCKHOLDERS / Section 59: Reduction of capital
Reduction of capital
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Subject to the approval of the Comptroller of the Currency, a national banking association may, by a vote of shareholders owning, in the aggregate, two-thirds of its capital stock, reduce its capital.

(b) Shareholder distributions authorized

As part of its capital reduction plan approved in accordance with subsection (a), and with the affirmative vote of shareholders owning at least two thirds of the shares of each class of its stock outstanding (each voting as a class), a national banking association may distribute cash or other assets to its shareholders.

(R.S. §5143; Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §28, 38 Stat. 274; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title III, §334, 49 Stat. 720; Pub. L. 109–351, title III, §304, Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 1970.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §5143 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §13, 13 Stat. 103, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

Amendments

2006—Pub. L. 109–351 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: "Any association formed under title 62 of the Revised Statutes may, by the vote of shareholders owning two-thirds of its capital stock, reduce its capital to any sum not below the amount required by title 62 of the Revised Statutes to authorize the formation of associations; but no such reduction shall be allowable which will reduce the capital of the association below the amount required for its outstanding circulation, nor shall any reduction be made until the amount of the proposed reduction has been reported to the Comptroller of the Currency and such reduction has been approved by said Comptroller of the Currency and no shareholder shall be entitled to any distribution of cash or other assets by reason of any reduction of the common capital of any association unless such distribution shall have been approved by the Comptroller of the Currency and by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares of each class of stock outstanding, voting as classes."

1935—Act Aug. 23, 1935, substituted "and no shareholder shall be entitled to any distribution of cash or other assets by reason of any reduction of the common capital of any association unless such distribution shall have been approved by the Comptroller of the Currency and by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares of each class of stock outstanding, voting as classes" for "and by the Federal Reserve Board or by the organization committee pending the organization of the Federal Reserve Board".
12 U.S.C. § 1702a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Subchapter I: HOUSING RENOVATION AND MODERNIZATION / Section 1702a: Repealed. June 28, 1955, ch. 189, §12(c)(14), 69 Stat. 182
Repealed. June 28, 1955, ch. 189, §12(c)(14), 69 Stat. 182
Status: repealed

Section, act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title II, §228, as added Aug. 2, 1954, ch. 649, title I, §126, 68 Stat. 809, authorized Commissioner to establish one position in GS–18, four in GS–17, and eight in GS–16 in Federal Housing Administration.
12 U.S.C. § 4304 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 44: TRUTH IN SAVINGS / Section 4304: Disclosure requirements for certain accounts
Disclosure requirements for certain accounts
Status: in_force

The Bureau shall require, in regulations which the Bureau shall prescribe, such modification in the disclosure requirements under this chapter relating to annual percentage yield as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter in the case of—

(1) accounts with respect to which determination of annual percentage yield is based on an annual rate of interest that is guaranteed for a period of less than 1 year;

(2) variable rate accounts;

(3) accounts which, pursuant to law, do not guarantee payment of a stated rate;

(4) multiple rate accounts; and

(5) accounts with respect to which determination of annual percentage yield is based on an annual rate of interest that is guaranteed for a stated term.

(Pub. L. 102–242, title II, §265, Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2336; Pub. L. 102–550, title XVI, §1604(e)(2)(A), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4084; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1100B(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2109.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Pub. L. 111–203 substituted "Bureau" for "Board" in two places in introductory provisions.

1992—Pub. L. 102–550 made technical amendment to references to "this chapter" wherever appearing to reflect correction of corresponding provision of original act.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–550 effective as if included in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991, Pub. L. 102–242, as of Dec. 19, 1991, see section 1609(a) of Pub. L. 102–550, set out as a note under section 191 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 3017a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 31: NATIONAL CONSUMER COOPERATIVE BANK / Subchapter I: ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION / Section 3017a: Class A notes as paid-in capital of the Bank
Class A notes as paid-in capital of the Bank
Status: in_force

Only for purposes of section 3017(a) of this title, class A notes shall be deemed to be paid-in capital of the Bank.

(Pub. L. 97–35, title III, §391(b)(1), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 434.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the National Consumer Cooperative Bank Act Amendments of 1981 and also as part of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981, and not as part of the National Consumer Cooperative Bank Act which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 97–35, title III, §391(b)(2), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 434, provided that: "This subsection [enacting this section] shall take effect on the day after the Final Government Equity Redemption Date [Dec. 31, 1981]." For definition of "Final Government Equity Redemption Date", see section 396(a) of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 3012 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 419 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter XII: FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES / Section 419: Delivery of notes prior to delivery to banks
Delivery of notes prior to delivery to banks
Status: in_force

When such notes have been prepared, the notes shall be delivered to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System subject to the order of the Secretary of the Treasury for the delivery of such notes in accordance with this chapter.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §16 (par.), 38 Stat. 267; May 29, 1920, ch. 214, §1, 41 Stat. 654; Pub. L. 103–325, title VI, §602(g)(4), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2293.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, 38 Stat. 251, as amended, known as the Federal Reserve Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 226 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section is comprised of the eighth par. (formerly the ninth par.) of section 16 of act Dec. 23, 1913. For classification to this title of other pars. of section 16, see Codification note set out under section 411 of this title.

On authority of act May 29, 1920, which abolished offices of Assistant Treasurers and distributed their functions, "designated depositary" substituted for "subtreasury" in 1926 ed. of the Code.

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–325, which directed general amendment of "[t]he 9th undesignated paragraph of section 16 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 419)", was executed to this section to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: "When such notes have been prepared, they shall be deposited in the Treasury, or in the designated depositary or mint of the United States nearest the place of business of each Federal reserve bank and shall be held for the use of such bank subject to the order of the Comptroller of the Currency for their delivery, as provided by this chapter."
12 U.S.C. § 215b (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter XVI: CONSOLIDATION AND MERGER / Section 215b: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter, the term—

(1) "State bank" means any bank, banking association, trust company, savings bank (other than a mutual savings bank), or other banking institution which is engaged in the business of receiving deposits and which is incorporated under the laws of any State, or which is operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia;

(2) "State" means the several States and Territories, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia;

(3) "Comptroller" means the Comptroller of the Currency; and

(4) "Receiving association" means the national banking association into which one or more national banking associations or one or more State banks, located within the same State, merge.

(Nov. 7, 1918, ch. 209, §7, formerly §3, as added Pub. L. 86–230, §20, Sept. 8, 1959, 73 Stat. 465; renumbered §5, Pub. L. 103–328, title I, §102(b)(4)(B), Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2351; renumbered §7, Pub. L. 106–569, title XII, §1204(1), Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 3033; amended Pub. L. 109–351, title VII, §725(e), Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 2002; Pub. L. 109–356, title I, §123(e), Oct. 16, 2006, 120 Stat. 2029.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Provisions similar to those comprising this section were contained in section 5 of act Nov. 7, 1918, ch. 209, as added July 14, 1952, ch. 722, §1, 66 Stat. 601 (formerly classified to section 34c of this title), prior to the complete amendment and renumbering of act Nov. 7, 1918, by Pub. L. 86–230.

Amendments

2006—Par. (1). Pub. L. 109–351 and 109–356 amended par. (1) identically, striking out "(except a national banking association located in the District of Columbia)" before semicolon at end.
12 U.S.C. § 5238 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 52: EMERGENCY ECONOMIC STABILIZATION / Subchapter I: TROUBLED ASSETS RELIEF PROGRAM / Section 5238: Study on mark-to-market accounting
Study on mark-to-market accounting
Status: in_force

(a) Study

The Securities and Exchange Commission, in consultation with the Board and the Secretary, shall conduct a study on mark-to-market accounting standards as provided in Statement Number 157 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, as such standards are applicable to financial institutions, including depository institutions. Such a study shall consider at a minimum—

(1) the effects of such accounting standards on a financial institution's balance sheet;

(2) the impacts of such accounting on bank failures in 2008;

(3) the impact of such standards on the quality of financial information available to investors;

(4) the process used by the Financial Accounting Standards Board in developing accounting standards;

(5) the advisability and feasibility of modifications to such standards; and

(6) alternative accounting standards to those provided in such Statement Number 157.

(b) Report

The Securities and Exchange Commission shall submit to Congress a report of such study before the end of the 90-day period beginning on October 3, 2008, containing the findings and determinations of the Commission, including such administrative and legislative recommendations as the Commission determines appropriate.

(Pub. L. 110–343, div. A, title I, §133, Oct. 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 3798.)
12 U.S.C. § 1767 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 14: FEDERAL CREDIT UNIONS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1767: Fiscal agents and depositories; authorization to secure deposits by governmental bodies
Fiscal agents and depositories; authorization to secure deposits by governmental bodies
Status: in_force

(a) Each Federal credit union organized under this chapter, when requested by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall act as fiscal agent of the United States and shall perform such services as the Secretary of the Treasury may require in connection with the collection of taxes and other obligations due the United States and the lending, borrowing, and repayment of money by the United States, including the issue, sale, redemption, or repurchase of bonds, notes, Treasury certificates of indebtedness, or other obligations of the United States; and to facilitate such purposes the Board shall furnish to the Secretary of the Treasury from time to time the names and addresses of all Federal credit unions with such other available information concerning them as may be requested by the Secretary of the Treasury. Any Federal credit union organized under this chapter, when designated for that purpose by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall be a depository of public money, except receipts from customs, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.

(b) Any Federal credit union, upon the deposit with it of any funds by the Federal Government, an Indian tribe, or any State or local government or political subdivision thereof as otherwise authorized by this chapter, is authorized to pledge any of its assets securing the payment of the funds so deposited.

(June 26, 1934, ch. 750, title I, §121, formerly §17, 48 Stat. 1222; 1947, Reorg. Plan No. 1, §401, eff. July 1, 1947, 12 F.R. 4534, 61 Stat. 952; June 29, 1948, ch. 711, §§1, 2, 62 Stat. 1091; renumbered §22, Pub. L. 86–354, §1, Sept. 22, 1959, 73 Stat. 637; amended Pub. L. 91–206, §2(1), Mar. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 49; renumbered title I, §121, Pub. L. 91–468, §1(2), Oct. 19, 1970, 84 Stat. 994; amended Pub. L. 95–630, title V, §502(b), Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3681; Pub. L. 100–86, title VII, §716, Aug. 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 656.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1987—Pub. L. 100–86 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

1978—Pub. L. 95–630 substituted "Board" for "Administrator".

1970—Pub. L. 91–206 substituted "Administrator" for "Director".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–630 effective on expiration of 120 days after Nov. 10, 1978, and transitional provisions, see section 509 of Pub. L. 95–630, set out as a note under section 1752 of this title.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Transfer of functions of Farm Credit Administration and Governor thereof, generally, see notes set out under section 1751 of this title.

Functions of Governor of Farm Credit Administration under this section transferred to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1947.
12 U.S.C. § 932 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 7: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter I: FEDERAL LAND BANKS, JOINT-STOCK LAND BANKS, AND FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATIONS / Section 932: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Status: repealed

Section 932, act July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §26, 39 Stat. 380, covered joint-stock land banks and limitations on state taxation of shares thereof.

Section 933, acts July 17, 1916, ch. 245, title I, §26, 39 Stat. 380; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §104(h), 73 Stat. 387, prohibited a construction of statute which might serve to render exempt real property of land banks and land bank associations from state, county, or municipal taxes.
12 U.S.C. § 1245 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 9: NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL CREDIT CORPORATIONS / Section 1245: Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 645, §21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948
Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 645, §21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948
Status: repealed

Section, act Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title II, §209(e), 42 Stat. 1468, related to loans and gratuities to examiners.
12 U.S.C. § 2255 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 23: FARM CREDIT SYSTEM / Subchapter V: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION / Section 2255: Conditions of other banks and lending institutions
Conditions of other banks and lending institutions
Status: in_force

The Comptroller of the Currency is authorized and directed, upon request of the Farm Credit Administration to furnish for confidential use of an institution of the System such reports, records, and other information as he may have available relating to the financial condition of national banks through, for, or with which such institution of the System has made or contemplates making discounts or loans and to make such further examination, as may be agreed, of organizations through, for, or with which such institution of the Farm Credit System has made or contemplates making discounts or loans.

(Pub. L. 92–181, title V, §5.20, formerly §5.21, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 623; renumbered §5.20, Pub. L. 99–205, title II, §203(b), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1694.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 5.20 of Pub. L. 92–181 was renumbered section 5.19 and is classified to section 2254 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 561 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 4: TAXATION / Subchapter IV: STATE BANK CIRCULATION / Section 561: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Repeals

Provisions of these sections were incorporated in Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, as follows:

 

This TitleTitle 26

561 
1905, I.R.C. 1939; 4882, I.R.C. 1954

562 
1900(b)(2), I.R.C. 1939; 4881, I.R.C. 1954

563 
1900(b)(2) I.R.C. 1939; 4881, I.R.C. 1954

564 
1902(b), I.R.C. 1939; 6151(a), I.R.C. 1954

565 
1901, I.R.C. 1939; 4883, I.R.C. 1954

566 
1902(a)(1)(2), I.R.C. 1939; 6011(a), 6065(a), 6071, 6091(b)(1), (2), I.R.C. 1954

567 
1903, 1904, I.R.C. 1939; 4885, I.R.C. 1954

568 
1902(a)(4), I.R.C. 1939; omitted, I.R.C. 1954

569 
1906, I.R.C. 1939; 4883, I.R.C. 1954

570 
3798, I.R.C. 1939; 7507, I.R.C. 1954

Insofar as they related exclusively to internal revenue they were repealed by section 4(a) of enacting section of 1939 Internal Revenue Code, preceding subtitle A of Title 26, I.R.C. 1939.
12 U.S.C. § 640a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 7: FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION / Section 640a: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-181, title V, §5.26(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 624
Status: repealed

Section 640a, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(a), 50 Stat. 704; Oct. 29, 1949, ch. 786, §5, 63 Stat. 986, created farm credit districts. See section 2221 of this title.

Section 640b, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(b), 50 Stat. 704; Aug. 6, 1953, ch. 335, §14, 67 Stat. 396; Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 785, title IV, §401(a), 69 Stat. 666; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §104(h), 73 Stat. 387, provided for creation of district farm credit boards. See section 2222 of this title.

Section 640c, act Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(c), 50 Stat. 704, provided for initial board of directors of each district.

Section 640d, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(d), 50 Stat. 704; Aug. 6, 1953, ch. 335, §15, 67 Stat. 397; Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 785, title IV, §401(b), 69 Stat. 666; July 26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, §106(a)(1), 70 Stat. 666; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §104(h), 73 Stat. 387, provided for replacement of district directors. See section 2221 et seq. of this title.

Section 640e, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(e), 50 Stat. 705; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §104(h), 73 Stat. 387; Aug. 2, 1966, Pub. L. 89–525, §5, 80 Stat. 334, provided for nomination of elected directors. See section 2223 of this title.

Section 640f, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(f), 50 Stat. 705; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title I, §104(h), 73 Stat. 387; Aug. 2, 1966, Pub. L. 89–525, §5, 80 Stat. 334, provided for election of elected directors. See section 2223 of this title.

Section 640g, act Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(g), 50 Stat. 705, provided for term of office and filling of vacancies. See section 2221 et seq. of this title.

Section 640h, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(h), 50 Stat. 705; July 26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, §106(a)(2), 70 Stat. 666, set out general qualifications of members of each farm credit board. See section 2222 of this title.

Section 640i, act Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(i), 50 Stat. 706, made felons and defrauders ineligible for membership. See section 2222 of this title.

Section 640j, act Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(j), 50 Stat. 706, provided for compensation of members of farm credit boards. See section 2226 of this title.

Section 640k, act Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(k), 50 Stat. 706, declared sections 640a to 640j of this title as not affecting laws making agricultural credit laws applicable to territories and possessions.

Section 640l, acts Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §6, 50 Stat. 706; July 26, 1956, ch. 741, title I, §106(b), 70 Stat. 666; Aug. 18, 1959, Pub. L. 86–168, title II, §201, 73 Stat. 387; Sept. 6, 1966, Pub. L. 89–554, §8(a), 80 Stat. 649, set out status of farm credit banks and employees. See section 2221 et seq. of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 1704 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Subchapter I: HOUSING RENOVATION AND MODERNIZATION / Section 1704: Repealed. Apr. 3, 1936, ch. 165, §2, 49 Stat. 1188
Repealed. Apr. 3, 1936, ch. 165, §2, 49 Stat. 1188
Status: repealed

Section, act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title I, §3, 48 Stat. 1247, related to loans to financial institutions.
12 U.S.C. § 4 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 1: THE COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY / Section 4: Deputy Comptrollers
Deputy Comptrollers
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury shall appoint no more than four Deputy Comptrollers of the Currency, one of whom shall be designated First Deputy Comptroller of the Currency, and shall fix their salaries. Each Deputy Comptroller shall take the oath of office and shall perform such duties as the Comptroller shall direct. During a vacancy in the office or during the absence or disability of the Comptroller, each Deputy Comptroller shall possess the power and perform the duties attached by law to the office of the Comptroller under such order of succession following the First Deputy Comptroller as the Comptroller shall direct.

(R.S. §327; Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, §209(b), 42 Stat. 1467; Pub. L. 86–251, §1(a), Sept. 9, 1959, 73 Stat. 487; Pub. L. 92–310, title II, §223(b), June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 206.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §327 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §1, 13 Stat. 99, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.

R.S. §327, contained after the word "Secretary" the following "who shall be entitled to a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars a year, and" which was omitted from this section on authority of act Mar. 4, 1923, §209(b), fourth sentence, which was classified to section 9a of this title and regulated the salaries of deputy comptrollers.

Amendments

1972—Pub. L. 92–310 struck out provisions which required each Deputy Comptroller to give a bond in the sum of $100,000.

1959—Pub. L. 86–251 provided for the appointment of four Deputy Comptrollers instead of one, the designation of one as the First Deputy, the fixing of salaries, increase in surety bond requirement from $50,000 to $100,000 and order of succession.

Executive Documents

Exception as to Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by any provision of law in Comptroller of the Currency, referred to in this section, not included in transfer of functions to Secretary of the Treasury, see note set out under section 1 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 3762 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 38A: SINGLE FAMILY MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE / Section 3762: Disposition of sale proceeds
Disposition of sale proceeds
Status: in_force

(a) Priority payments

Money realized from a foreclosure sale shall be made available for obligation and expenditure in the following order:

(1) Costs of foreclosure

To cover the costs of the foreclosure proceeding described in section 3761 of this title.

(2) Tax liens

To pay valid tax liens or assessments if required by the notice of default and foreclosure sale.

(3) Prior liens

To pay any liens recorded before the recording of the mortgage which are required to be paid in conformity with the terms of sale in the notice of default and foreclosure sale.

(4) Service charges and advances

To pay service charges and advances for taxes, assessments, and property insurance premiums.

(5) Interest

To pay any outstanding interest.

(6) Principal

To pay the principal outstanding balance secured by the mortgage (including expenditures for the necessary protection, preservation, and repair of the security property as authorized under the mortgage agreement and interest thereon if provided for in the mortgage agreement).

(7) Late charges or fees

To pay any late charges or fees.

(b) Other payments

(1) Other lienholders and the mortgagor

Any surplus of proceeds from a foreclosure sale, after payment of the items described in subsection (a) shall be paid in the following order:

(A) First, to holders of liens recorded after the mortgage in the order of priority under Federal law or the law of the State in which the security property is located.

(B) Second, to the appropriate mortgagor.

(2) Disputed claims

If the person to whom such surplus is to be paid cannot be located, or if the surplus available is insufficient to pay all claimants and the claimants cannot agree on the allocation of the surplus, or if any person claiming an interest in the mortgage proceeds does not agree that some or all of the sale proceeds should be paid to a claimant as provided in this section, that part of the sale proceeds in question may be deposited by the foreclosure commissioner with an appropriate official or court authorized under law to receive disputed funds in such circumstances. If a procedure for the deposit of disputed funds is not available, and the foreclosure commissioner files a bill of interpleader or is sued as a stakeholder to determine entitlement to such funds, the foreclosure commissioner's necessary costs incurred in taking or defending such action shall be deductible from the disputed funds.

(Pub. L. 103–327, title II, Sept. 28, 1994, 108 Stat. 2316.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is based on section 813 of title VIII of S. 2281, One Hundred Third Congress, as reported July 13, 1994, which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 103–327.
12 U.S.C. § 1428a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 11: FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANKS / Section 1428a: Repealed. Pub. L. 101-73, title VII, §718, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 422
Repealed. Pub. L. 101-73, title VII, §718, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 422
Status: repealed

Section, act July 22, 1932, ch. 522, §8a, as added May 28, 1935, ch. 150, §4, 49 Stat. 294; amended 1947 Reorg. Plan No. 3, eff. July 27, 1947, 12 F.R. 4981, 61 Stat. 954; Dec. 26, 1974, Pub. L. 93–541, §6, 88 Stat. 1739; Oct. 15, 1982, Pub. L. 97–320, title III, §354, 96 Stat. 1508, established Federal Savings and Loan Advisory Council.
12 U.S.C. § 3752 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 38A: SINGLE FAMILY MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE / Section 3752: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Bona fide purchaser

The term "bona fide purchaser" means a purchaser for value in good faith and without notice of any adverse claim, and who acquires the security property free of any adverse claim.

(2) County

The term "county" has the same meaning as in section 2 of title 1.

(3) Mortgage

The term "mortgage" means a deed of trust, mortgage, deed to secure debt, security agreement, or any other form of instrument under which any property (real, personal or mixed), or any interest in property (including leaseholds, life estates, reversionary interests, and any other estates under applicable State law), is conveyed in trust, mortgaged, encumbered, pledged, or otherwise rendered subject to a lien for the purpose of securing the payment of money or the performance of an obligation.

(4) Mortgage agreement

The term "mortgage agreement" means the note or debt instrument and the mortgage instrument, deed of trust instrument, trust deed, or instrument or instruments creating the mortgage, including any instrument incorporated by reference therein and any instrument or agreement amending or modifying any of the foregoing.

(5) Mortgagor

The term "mortgagor" means the obligor, grantor, or trustee named in the mortgage agreement and, unless the context otherwise indicates, includes the current owner of record of the security property whether or not such owner is personally liable on the mortgage debt.

(6) Owner

The term "owner" means any person who has an ownership interest in property and includes heirs, devises, executors, administrators, and other personal representatives, and trustees of testamentary trusts if the owner of record is deceased.

(7) Person

The term "person" includes any individual, group of individuals, association, partnership, corporation, or organization.

(8) Record; recorded

The terms "record" and "recorded" include "register" and "registered" in the instance of registered land.

(9) Security property

The term "security property" means the property (real, personal or mixed) or an interest in property (including leaseholds, life estates, reversionary interests, and any other estates under applicable State law), together with fixtures and other interests subject to the lien of the mortgage under applicable State law.

(10) Single family mortgage

The term "single family mortgage" means a mortgage that covers property on which there is located a 1- to 4-family residence, and that—

(A) is held by the Secretary pursuant to title I or title II of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1702 et seq., 1707 et seq.]; or

(B) secures a loan obligated by the Secretary under section 1452b of title 42, as it existed before the repeal of that section by section 12839 of title 42 (except that a mortgage securing such a loan that covers property containing nonresidential space and a 1- to 4-family dwelling shall not be subject to this chapter).

(11) State

The term "State" means—

(A) the several States;

(B) the District of Columbia;

(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;

(D) the United States Virgin Islands;

(E) Guam;

(F) American Samoa;

(G) the Northern Mariana Islands;

(H) the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands; and

(I) Indian tribes, as defined by the Secretary.

(Pub. L. 103–327, title II, Sept. 28, 1994, 108 Stat. 2316.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The National Housing Act, referred to in par. (10)(A), is act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, 48 Stat. 1246. Titles I and II of the Act are classified generally to subchapters I (§1702 et seq.) and II (§1707 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 13 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1701 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section is based on section 803 of title VIII of S. 2281, One Hundred Third Congress, as reported July 13, 1994, which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 103–327.

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
12 U.S.C. § 1148 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 7B: REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL CREDIT CORPORATIONS / Section 1148: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title V, §5411(59), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4685
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title V, §5411(59), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4685
Status: repealed

Section, act July 21, 1932, ch. 520, §201(e), 47 Stat. 713; Aug. 19, 1937, ch. 704, §5(a), 50 Stat. 704; June 30, 1947, ch. 166, title II, §206, 61 Stat. 208, authorized the creation of regional agricultural credit corporations within the farm credit districts.
12 U.S.C. § 3348 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 34A: APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS EXAMINATION COUNCIL / Section 3348: Recognition of State certified and licensed appraisers for purposes of this chapter
Recognition of State certified and licensed appraisers for purposes of this chapter
Status: in_force

(a) Effective date for use of certified or licensed appraisers only

(1) In general

Not later than December 31, 1992, all appraisals performed in connection with federally related transactions shall be performed only by individuals certified or licensed in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.

(2) Extension of effective date

Subject to the approval of the Council, the Appraisal Subcommittee may extend, until December 31, 1991, the effective date for the use of certified or licensed appraisers if it makes a written finding that a State has made substantial progress in establishing a State certification and licensing system that appears to conform to the provisions of this chapter.

(b) Temporary waiver of appraiser certification or licensing requirements for State having scarcity of qualified appraisers

Subject to the approval of the Council, the Appraisal Subcommittee may waive any requirement relating to certification or licensing of a person to perform appraisals under this chapter if the Appraisal Subcommittee or a State agency whose certifications and licenses are in compliance with this chapter, makes a written determination that there is a scarcity of certified or licensed appraisers to perform appraisals in connection with federally related transactions in a State, or in any geographical political subdivision of a State, leading to significant delays in the performance of such appraisals. The waiver terminates when the Appraisal Subcommittee determines that such significant delays have been eliminated.

(c) Reports to State certifying and licensing agencies

The Appraisal Subcommittee, any other Federal agency or instrumentality, or any federally recognized entity shall report any action of a State certified or licensed appraiser that is contrary to the purposes of this chapter, to the appropriate State agency for a disposition of the subject of the referral. The State agency shall provide the Appraisal Subcommittee or the other Federal agency or instrumentality with a report on its disposition of the matter referred. Subsequent to such disposition, the subcommittee or the agency or instrumentality may take such further action, pursuant to written procedures, it deems necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 101–73, title XI, §1119, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 516; Pub. L. 102–233, title VII, §701(b), Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1792; Pub. L. 102–242, title IV, §472(b), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2386; Pub. L. 102–550, title XVI, §1617(a), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4096; Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, §1473(t)(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2199.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 111–203 substituted "Council," for "council,".

1992—Subsecs. (a)(1), (b). Pub. L. 102–550, §1617(a), repealed Pub. L. 102–233, §701(b). See 1991 Amendment note below.

1991—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 102–242, §472(b)(1), substituted "December 31, 1992" for "July 1, 1991". Pub. L. 102–233, §701(b)(1), which made an identical amendment, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–550, §1617(a). See Construction of 1991 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–242, §472(b)(2), substituted ", or in any geographical political subdivision of a State, leading to significant delays" for "leading to inordinate delays" in first sentence and "significant" for "inordinate" in second sentence. Pub. L. 102–233, §701(b)(2), which made an identical amendment, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–550, §1617(a). See Construction of 1991 Amendment note below.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the date on which final regulations implementing that amendment take effect, or on the date that is 18 months after the designated transfer date if such regulations have not been issued by that date, see section 1400(c) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 1601 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

Construction of 1991 Amendment

No amendment to this section by section 701 of Pub. L. 102–233 to be deemed to have taken effect before Oct. 28, 1992, and provisions of law amended by such section 701 to continue in effect as if no such amendment had been made, see section 1617(b) of Pub. L. 102–550, set out as a note under section 3345 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 2403 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 25: NATIONAL COMMISSION ON ELECTRONIC FUND TRANSFERS / Section 2403: Functions of Commission
Functions of Commission
Status: in_force

(a) Study, investigation, and recommendations; considerations

The Commission shall conduct a thorough study and investigation and recommend appropriate administrative action and legislation necessary in connection with the possible development of public or private electronic fund transfer systems, taking into account, among other things—

(1) the need to preserve competition among the financial institutions and other business enterprises using such a system;

(2) the need to promote competition among financial institutions and to assure Government regulation and involvement or participation in a system competitive with the private sector be kept to a minimum;

(3) the need to prevent unfair or discriminatory practices by any financial institution or business enterprise using or desiring to use such a system;

(4) the need to afford maximum user and consumer convenience;

(5) the need to afford maximum user and consumer rights to privacy and confidentiality;

(6) the impact of such a system on economic and monetary policy;

(7) the implications of such a system on the availability of credit;

(8) the implications of such a system expanding internationally and into other forms of electronic communications; and

(9) the need to protect the legal rights of users and consumers.

(b) Interim and final reports; submission dates; transmittal of final report to President and Congress; contents; availability to public; termination date of Commission

The Commission shall make an interim report within one year of the date of the confirmation by the Senate of the Chairperson or the appointment by the President of an acting Chairperson and at such other times as it deems advisable and shall transmit to the President and to the Congress not later than two years after the date of the confirmation by the Senate of the Chairperson or the appointment by the President of an acting Chairperson, a final report of its findings and recommendations. Any such report shall include all hearing transcripts, staff studies, and other material used in preparation of the report. The interim and final reports shall be made available to the public upon transmittal. Sixty days after transmission of its final report the Commission shall cease to exist.

(c) Clearance by Federal agencies prior to transmittal of interim or final report

The Commission shall not be required to obtain the clearance of any Federal agency prior to the transmittal of any interim or final report.

(Pub. L. 93–495, title II, §203, Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1508; Pub. L. 94–200, title II, §201, Dec. 31, 1975, 89 Stat. 1124.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1975—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–200 changed the time for submission of interim and final reports from one year of the Commission's findings and recommendations and two years after Oct. 28, 1974, to one year and two years respectively after the confirmation by the Senate of the Chairperson or the appointment by the President of an acting Chairperson.
12 U.S.C. § 371b (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter X: POWERS AND DUTIES OF MEMBER BANKS / Section 371b: Rate of interest on time deposits; payment of time deposits before maturity; waiver of notice requirements for withdrawal of savings deposits
Rate of interest on time deposits; payment of time deposits before maturity; waiver of notice requirements for withdrawal of savings deposits
Status: in_force

The Board may from time to time, after consulting with the Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, prescribe rules governing the advertisement of interest on deposits by member banks on time and savings deposits. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any deposit which is payable only at an office of a member bank located outside of the States of the United States and the District of Columbia. During the period commencing on October 15, 1962, and ending on October 15, 1968, the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the rate of interest which may be paid by member banks on time deposits of foreign governments, monetary and financial authorities of foreign governments when acting as such, or international financial institutions of which the United States is a member.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §19(j), formerly §19 (par. 13), as added June 16, 1933, ch. 89, §11(b), 48 Stat. 182; amended Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title III, §324(c), 49 Stat. 714; Pub. L. 87–827, §1, Oct. 15, 1962, 76 Stat. 953; Pub. L. 89–79, §1, July 21, 1965, 79 Stat. 244; renumbered §19(j) and amended Pub. L. 89–597, §2(b), (c), Sept. 21, 1966, 80 Stat. 824; Pub. L. 90–505, §2(a), Sept. 21, 1968, 82 Stat. 856; Pub. L. 96–221, title II, §207(b)(4)–(6), Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 144.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1980—Pub. L. 96–221 struck out provisions relating to payment of interest on deposits, prescribing of different limitations by the Board for different classes of deposits, and payment of time deposits before maturity.

1968—Pub. L. 90–505 gave Board power to prescribe rules governing the payment and advertising of interest on deposits.

1966—Pub. L. 89–597, §2(c), made authority of Board to prescribe maximum permissible rates of interest that may be paid by member banks on time and savings deposits discretionary rather than mandatory, required prior consultations with the FDIC Board and the FHLB Board, authorized different rate limitations for different classes of deposits, for deposits of different amounts, or according to such other reasonable bases as the Board may deem desirable in the public interest, and struck out provision for rate limitation according to the varying discount rates of member banks in the several Federal Reserve districts.

1965—Pub. L. 89–79 extended until Oct. 15, 1968, the period during which the provisions of this paragraph do not apply to the rate of interest payable by member banks on time deposits of foreign governments, monetary and financial authorities of foreign governments when acting as such, or international financial institutions of which the United States is a member.

1962—Pub. L. 87–827 inserted sentence making this paragraph inapplicable, during the period commencing on October 15, 1962, and ending upon the expiration of three years after such date, to the rate of interest which may be paid by member banks on time deposits of foreign governments, monetary and financial authorities of foreign governments when acting as such, or international financial institutions of which the United States is a member.

1935—Act Aug. 23, 1935, among other changes, inserted "except upon such conditions and in accordance with such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the said Board" to second sentence and proviso.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Pub. L. 96–221, title II, §207(b), Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 144, provided in part that the amendment made by that section is effective 6 years after Mar. 31, 1980.

Effective and Termination Dates of 1966 Amendment

Pub. L. 89–597, §7, Sept. 21, 1966, 80 Stat. 825, as amended, formerly set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 1966 Amendment note under section 461 of this title (which provided in part that amendment of this section by section 2(c) of Pub. L. 89–597 was effective only to Dec. 15, 1980, and that on Dec. 15, 1980, this section was amended to read as it would without the amendment by section 2(c) of Pub. L. 89–597), was repealed by Pub. L. 96–221, title II, §207(a), Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 144.

Transfer of Functions

Federal Home Loan Bank Board abolished and functions transferred, see sections 401 to 406 of Pub. L. 101–73, set out as a note under section 1437 of this title.

Time Deposits; Interest Rates, Limitation

Pub. L. 93–123, Oct. 15, 1973, 87 Stat. 448, provided that in carrying out the Act of September 21, 1966 (Pub. L. 89–597) [enacting section 1425b of this title, amending sections 355, 371b, 461, and 1828 of this title and section 771 of former Title 31, repealing section 462a–1 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 461 of this title] and other provisions of law, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the Federal Home Loan Bank Board take action to limit rates of interest or dividends paid on time deposits of less than $100,000 by institutions regulated by them, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 96–221, title II, §207(b)(13), Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 144, eff. 6 years after Mar. 31, 1980.
12 U.S.C. § 1459 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 11A: FEDERAL HOME LOAN MORTGAGE CORPORATION / Section 1459: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other evidences of the intention of Congress, it is hereby declared to be the controlling intent of Congress that if any provision of this chapter, or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of this chapter, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 91–351, title III, §310, July 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 457; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, §731(l), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 435.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1989—Pub. L. 101–73 amended section catchline and struck out first sentence which read as follows: "Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, or as otherwise provided by the Corporation or by laws hereafter enacted by the Congress expressly in limitation of provisions of this chapter, the powers and functions of the Corporation and of the Board of Directors shall be exercisable, and the provisions of this chapter shall be applicable and effective, without regard to any other law."
12 U.S.C. § 4586 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 46: GOVERNMENT SPONSORED ENTERPRISES / Subchapter I: SUPERVISION AND REGULATION OF ENTERPRISES / Section 4586: Public disclosure of final orders and agreements
Public disclosure of final orders and agreements
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Director shall make available to the public—

(1) any written agreement or other written statement for which a violation may be redressed by the Director or any modification to or termination thereof, unless the Director, in the Secretary's 1 discretion, determines that public disclosure would be contrary to the public interest or determines under subsection (c) that public disclosure would seriously threaten the financial health or security of the enterprise;

(2) any order that is issued with respect to any administrative enforcement proceeding initiated by the Director under this subpart and that has become final in accordance with sections 4582 and 4583 of this title; and

(3) any modification to or termination of any final order made public pursuant to this subsection.

(b) Hearings

All hearings with respect to any notice of charges issued by the Director shall be open to the public, unless the Director, in the Secretary's 1 discretion, determines that holding an open hearing would be contrary to the public interest.

(c) Delay of public disclosure under exceptional circumstances

If the Director makes a determination in writing that the public disclosure of any final order pursuant to subsection (a) would seriously threaten the financial soundness of the enterprise, the Director may delay the public disclosure of such order for a reasonable time.

(d) Documents filed under seal in public enforcement hearings

The Director may file any document or part thereof under seal in any hearing under this subpart if the Director determines in writing that disclosure thereof would be contrary to the public interest.

(e) Retention of documents

The Director shall keep and maintain a record, for not less than 6 years, of all documents described in subsection (a) and all enforcement agreements and other supervisory actions and supporting documents issued with respect to or in connection with any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Director under this subpart.

(f) Disclosures to Congress

This section may not be construed to authorize the withholding, or to prohibit the disclosure, of any information to the Congress or any committee or subcommittee thereof.

(Pub. L. 102–550, title XIII, §1346, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3968; Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, §1130(e)(3)(C), July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2711.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008—Subsecs. (a) to (e). Pub. L. 110–289 substituted "Director" for "Secretary" wherever appearing.

1 So in original. Probably should be "Director's".
12 U.S.C. § 328 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter VIII: STATE BANKS AS MEMBERS OF SYSTEM / Section 328: Withdrawals from membership
Withdrawals from membership
Status: in_force

Any State bank or trust company desiring to withdraw from membership in a Federal Reserve bank may do so, after six months' written notice shall have been filed with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, upon the surrender and cancellation of all of its holdings of capital stock in the Federal reserve bank: Provided, That the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, in its discretion and subject to such conditions as it may prescribe, may waive such six months' notice in individual cases and may permit any such State bank or trust company to withdraw from membership in a Federal reserve bank prior to the expiration of six months from the date of the written notice of its intention to withdraw: Provided, however, That no Federal reserve bank shall, except under express authority of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, cancel within the same calendar year more than 25 per centum of its capital stock for the purpose of effecting voluntary withdrawals during that year. All such applications shall be dealt with in the order in which they are filed with the board. Whenever a member bank shall surrender its stock holdings in a Federal reserve bank, or shall be ordered to do so by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, under authority of law, all of its rights and privileges as a member bank shall thereupon cease and determine, and after due provision has been made for any indebtedness due or to become due to the Federal reserve bank it shall be entitled to a refund of its cash-paid subscription with interest at the rate of one-half of 1 per centum per month from date of last dividend, if earned, the amount refunded in no event to exceed the book value of the stock at that time, and shall likewise be entitled to repayment of deposits and of any other balance due from the Federal reserve bank.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §9 (par.), as added June 21, 1917, ch. 32, §3, 40 Stat. 233; amended Apr. 17, 1930, ch. 175, 46 Stat. 170; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, §203(a), 49 Stat. 704.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of the tenth par. of section 9 of act Dec. 23, 1913, as amended. The tenth par. constituted the eighth par. of section 9 in 1917 (40 Stat. 232), became the ninth par. in 1927 (44 Stat. 1229), and became the tenth par. in 1950 (64 Stat. 458). For further details, see Codification note set out under section 321 of this title.

Amendments

1930—Act Apr. 17, 1930, amended part of section preceding second proviso.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935, changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
12 U.S.C. § 1462 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 12: SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS / Section 1462: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this chapter—

(1) Corporation

The term "Corporation" means the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

(2) Savings association

The term "savings association" means a savings association, as defined in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [12 U.S.C. 1813], the deposits of which are insured by the Corporation.

(3) Federal savings association

The term "Federal savings association" means a Federal savings association or a Federal savings bank chartered under section 1464 of this title.

(4) National bank

The term "national bank" has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [12 U.S.C. 1813].

(5) Federal banking agencies

The term "Federal banking agencies" means the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

(6) State

The term "State" has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [12 U.S.C. 1813].

(7) Affiliate

The term "affiliate" means any person that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, a savings association, except as provided in section 1467a of this title.

(8) Board

The term "Board", other than in the context of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

(9) Comptroller

The term "Comptroller" means the Comptroller of the Currency.

(10) Appropriate Federal banking agency

The term "appropriate Federal banking agency" has the same meaning as in section 3(q) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(q)).

(11) Functionally regulated subsidiary

The term "functionally regulated subsidiary" has the same meaning as in section 5(c)(5) of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1844(c)(5)).

(June 13, 1933, ch. 64, §2, 48 Stat. 128; June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title V, §508(a), 48 Stat. 1264; May 28, 1935, ch. 150, §10, 49 Stat. 296; 1947 Reorg. Plan No. 3, eff. July 27, 1947, 12 F.R. 4981, 61 Stat. 954; Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 783, title I, §109(a)(3), 69 Stat. 640; Pub. L. 95–630, title XII, §1201, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3710; Pub. L. 97–320, title I, §114(a), Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1475; Pub. L. 101–73, title III, §301, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 277; Pub. L. 111–203, title III, §369(2), title VI, §604(h)(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1557, 1602.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Pars. (1) to (9). Pub. L. 111–203, §369(2), redesignated pars. (2) and (4) to (9) as (1) and (2) to (7), respectively, added pars. (8) and (9), and struck out former pars. (1) and (3) which read as follows:

"(1) Director.—The term 'Director' means the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision.

"(3) Office.—The term 'Office' means the Office of Thrift Supervision."

Pars. (10), (11). Pub. L. 111–203, §604(h)(1), added pars. (10) and (11).

1989—Pub. L. 101–73 amended section generally, substituting definition of "Director", "Corporation", "Office", "savings association", "Federal savings association", "national bank", "Federal banking agencies", "State", and "affiliate", designated as pars. (1) to (9), for definition of "Board", "Corporation", "home mortgage", "first mortgage", and "association", designated as subsecs. (a) to (d).

1982—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 97–320 substituted reference to Federal savings bank or Federal savings banks for reference to Federal mutual savings bank wherever appearing.

1978—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–630 included a Federal mutual savings bank chartered by the Board within definition of "association", and inserted provisions that a reference to a Federal savings and loan association shall be deemed also a reference to a Federal mutual savings bank.

1935—Subsec. (c). Act May 28, 1935, inserted "or dwellings" and "in whole or in part" in cl. (2).

1934—Subsec. (c). Act June 27, 1934, substituted "(1) under a lease for not less than ninety-nine years which is renewable, or (2) under a lease having a period of not less than fifty years to run from the date the mortgage was executed" for "under a lease renewable for not less than ninety nine years".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

"Home Loan Bank Board" changed to "Federal Home Loan Bank Board" by act Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 783, §109(a)(3), which was classified to section 1437(b) of this title prior to the repeal of section 1437 by Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, §703(a), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 415.

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by section 369(2) of Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the transfer date, see section 351 of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 906 of Title 2, The Congress.

Pub. L. 111–203, title VI, §604(j), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1604, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1467a, 1828, and 1842 to 1844 of this title and repealing section 1848a of this title] shall take effect on the transfer date."

[For definition of "transfer date" as used in section 604(j) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out above, see section 5411 of this title.]

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment effective upon expiration of 120 days after Nov. 10, 1978, see section 2101 of Pub. L. 95–630 set out as an Effective Date note under section 375b of this title.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1947, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, abolished Federal Home Loan Bank Board and transferred its functions to Home Loan Bank Board created by the Plan.
12 U.S.C. § 1761c (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 14: FEDERAL CREDIT UNIONS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1761c: Credit committee
Credit committee
Status: in_force

(a) Members; meetings; lines of credit and approval of loans; delegation to loan officers

If the bylaws provide for a credit committee, then pursuant to the provisions of the bylaws, the board of directors may appoint or the members may elect a credit committee which shall consist of an odd number of members of the credit union, but which shall not include more than one loan officer. The method used shall be set forth in the bylaws. The credit committee shall hold such meetings as the business of the Federal credit union may require, not less frequently than once a month, to consider applications for loans or lines of credit. Reasonable notice of such meetings shall be given to all members of the committee. Except for those loans or lines of credit required to be approved by the board of directors in section 1757(5) of this title, approval of an application shall be by majority of the committee who are present at the meeting at which it is considered provided that a majority of the full committee is present. The credit committee may appoint and delegate to loan officers the authority to approve applications.

(b) Review and reversal of loan refusals; review by board in lieu of committee; limitation on disbursements by loan officers

If the bylaws provide for a credit committee, all applications not approved by the loan officer shall be reviewed by the credit committee, and the approval of a majority of the members who are present at the meeting when such review is undertaken shall be required to reverse the loan officer's decision provided a majority of the full committee is present. If there is not a credit committee, a member shall have the right upon written request of review by the board of directors of a loan application which has been denied. No individual shall have authority to disburse funds of the Federal credit union with respect to any loan or line of credit for which the application has been approved by him in his capacity as a loan officer.

(June 26, 1934, ch. 750, title I, §114, formerly §15, as added Pub. L. 86–354, §1, Sept. 22, 1959, 73 Stat. 633; amended Pub. L. 88–353, §4, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 269; Pub. L. 90–188, §1, Dec. 13, 1967, 81 Stat. 567; Pub. L. 90–375, §1(5), July 5, 1968, 82 Stat. 284; Pub. L. 91–206, §2(1), Mar. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 49; renumbered title I, §114, Pub. L. 91–468, §1(2), Oct. 19, 1970, 84 Stat. 994; amended Pub. L. 95–22, title III, §304, Apr. 19, 1977, 91 Stat. 51; Pub. L. 95–630, title V, §502(b), Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3681; Pub. L. 97–320, title V, §523, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1533.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those comprising this section were contained in section 11(d) of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750, 48 Stat. 1219 (formerly classified to section 1761(d) of this title), prior to the amendment and renumbering of act June 26, 1934 by Pub. L. 86–354.

Amendments

1982—Pub. L. 97–320 designated existing provisions as subsecs. (a) and (b), in subsec. (a) as so designated, inserted provisions relating to the membership of the committee and provisions requiring the majority of the full committee to be present for votes on lines of credit, struck out provision requiring each loan officer to report his action on an application in seven days of its filing, in subsec. (b) as so designated, inserted provisions relating to the number of members needed to reverse a loan officer's decision and provision for the case where there is no credit committee, and thereafter struck out provisions that not more than one member of the committee might be appointed as a loan officer, that applications for loans and lines of credit be made on forms prepared by such committee which set forth the security, if any, and such other data as required, that no loan may be made to any member if, upon the making of that loan, the member would have been indebted to the Federal credit union upon loans made to him in an aggregate amount which would exceed 10 per centum of the credit union's unimpaired capital and surplus, and that for the purposes of this section an assignment of shares or the endorsement of a note would be deemed security and, subject to such regulations as the Board prescribed, insurance obtained under title I of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1702 et seq.] would be deemed adequate security.

1978—Pub. L. 95–630 substituted "Board" for "Administrator".

1977—Pub. L. 95–22 substituted "loans and lines of credit" for "loans" in three places, "Except for those loans or lines of credit required to be approved by the board of directors in section 1757(5) of this title, approval of an application shall be" for "No loan shall be made unless it is approved", "application approved" for "loan approved", "applications not approved" for "loans not approved", and "with respect to any loan or line of credit for which the application" for "for any loan which" and struck out "the purpose for which the loan is desired" after "which shall set forth", "$200 or" after "amount which would exceed", "whichever is greater" after "capital and surplus", and provision relating to requirement that no unsecured loan be made to a member which would make the member indebted to the Federal credit union in excess of a specified amount.

1970—Pub. L. 91–206 substituted "Administrator" for "Director".

1968—Pub. L. 90–375 substituted provisions which increased the unsecured loan limit, in the case of a credit union whose unimpaired capital and surplus is less than $8,000 to $200, and, in the case of any other credit union to $2,500 or 2½% of the unimpaired capital and surplus, whichever is less, for provisions which authorized credit unions to make unsecured loans of $750 or 10% of their unimpaired capital and surplus, whichever is smaller.

1967—Pub. L. 90–188 struck out "up to the unsecured limit, or in excess of such limit if such excess is fully secured by unpledged shares" from end of provision that credit committees may appoint one or more loan officers, and delegate to him or them the power to approve loans.

1964—Pub. L. 88–353 inserted "and, subject to such regulations as the Director may prescribe, insurance obtained under title I of the National Housing Act shall be deemed adequate security".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–630 effective on expiration of 120 days after Nov. 10, 1978, and transitional provisions, see section 509 of Pub. L. 95–630 set out as a note under section 1752 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 1753 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 14: FEDERAL CREDIT UNIONS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1753: Federal credit union organization
Federal credit union organization
Status: in_force

Any seven or more natural persons who desire to form a Federal credit union shall each subscribe either individually or collectively before some officer competent to administer oaths an organization certificate in duplicate which shall specifically state:

(1) the name of the association;

(2) the location of the proposed Federal credit union and the territory in which it will operate;

(3) the names and addresses of the subscribers to the certificate and the number of shares subscribed by each;

(4) the initial par value of the shares;

(5) the proposed field of membership, specified in detail;

(6) the term of the existence of the corporation, which may be perpetual; and

(7) the fact that the certificate is made to enable such persons to avail themselves of the advantages of this chapter.

Such organization certificate may also contain any provisions approved by the Board for the management of the business of the association and for the conduct of its affairs and relative to the powers of its directors, officers, or stockholders.

(June 26, 1934, ch. 750, title I, §103, formerly §3, 48 Stat. 1217; 1947 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §401, eff. July 1, 1947, 12 F.R. 4534, 61 Stat. 952; June 29, 1948, ch. 711, §§1, 2, 62 Stat. 1091; renumbered §4 and amended Pub. L. 86–354, §1, Sept. 22, 1959, 73 Stat. 628; Pub. L. 91–206, §2(1), Mar. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 49; renumbered title I, §103, Pub. L. 91–468, §1(2), Oct. 19, 1970, 84 Stat. 994; amended Pub. L. 95–630, title V, §502(b), Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3681; Pub. L. 97–320, title V, §§503, 504, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1528.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1982—Pub. L. 97–320, §503, substituted "each subscribe either individually or collectively" for "subscribe".

Par. (4). Pub. L. 97–320, §504, substituted "the initial par value of the shares" for "the par value of the shares, which shall be $5 each".

1978—Pub. L. 95–630 substituted "Board" for "Administrator".

1970—Pub. L. 91–206 substituted "Administrator" for "Director".

1959—Pub. L. 86–354 changed "The" to "the" in subsecs. (1) to (7) and the period to a semicolon in subsecs. (1) to (6) and inserted "and" at end of subsec. (6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–630 effective on expiration of 120 days after Nov. 10, 1978, and transitional provisions, see section 509 of Pub. L. 95–630, set out as a note under section 1752 of this title.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Transfer of functions of Farm Credit Administration and Governor thereof, generally, see notes set out under section 1751 of this title.

Functions of Governor of Farm Credit Administration under this section transferred to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1947.
12 U.S.C. § 221 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter I: DEFINITIONS, ORGANIZATION, AND GENERAL PROVISIONS AFFECTING SYSTEM / Section 221: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

Wherever the word "bank" is used in this chapter, the word shall be held to include State bank, banking association, and trust company, except where national banks or Federal reserve banks are specifically referred to. For purposes of this chapter, a State bank includes any bank which is operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia.

The terms "national bank" and "national banking association" used in this chapter shall be held to be synonymous and interchangeable. The term "member bank" shall be held to mean any national bank, State bank, or bank or trust company which has become a member of one of the Federal reserve banks. The term "board" shall be held to mean Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; the term "district" shall be held to mean Federal reserve district; the term "reserve bank" shall be held to mean Federal reserve bank; the term "the continental United States" means the States of the United States and the District of Columbia.

The terms "bonds and notes of the United States", "bonds and notes of the Government of the United States", and "bonds or notes of the United States" used in this chapter shall be held to include certificates of indebtedness and Treasury bills issued under section 3104 of title 31.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §1 (pars.), 38 Stat. 251; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, §203(a), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 86–70, §8(a), June 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 142; Pub. L. 97–258, §2(c), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1058; Pub. L. 109–351, title VII, §725(a)(1), Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 2001; Pub. L. 109–356, title I, §123(a)(1), Oct. 16, 2006, 120 Stat. 2028.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, 38 Stat. 251, known as the Federal Reserve Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 226 of this title and Tables.

Codification

This section is comprised of the second to fourth pars. of section 1 of act Dec. 23, 1913. The first par. of section 1 is classified to section 226 of this title.

Amendments

2006—Pub. L. 109–351 and 109–356 amended section identically, inserting "For purposes of this chapter, a State bank includes any bank which is operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia." at end of first par.

1982—Pub. L. 97–258 inserted provisions defining "bonds and notes of the United States", "bonds and notes of the Government of the United States", and "bonds or notes of the United States". These provisions are based on acts Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, §5(c), 40 Stat. 290; Apr. 4, 1918, ch. 44, §4, 40 Stat. 504; Mar. 3, 1919, ch. 100, §3, 40 Stat. 1311; restated June 17, 1929, ch. 26, 46 Stat. 20 (former 31 U.S.C. 754(c)).

1959—Pub. L. 86–70 inserted definition of "the continental United States".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935, changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
12 U.S.C. § 1423 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 11: FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANKS / Section 1423: Federal Home Loan Bank districts; number and boundaries; establishment of Federal Home Loan Banks; names
Federal Home Loan Bank districts; number and boundaries; establishment of Federal Home Loan Banks; names
Status: in_force

(a) In general

As soon as practicable the Director shall divide the continental United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Territories of Alaska and Hawaii into not less than eight nor more than twelve districts. Such districts shall be apportioned with due regard to the convenience and customary course of business of the institutions eligible to and likely to subscribe for stock of a Federal Home Loan Bank to be formed under this chapter, but no such district shall contain a fractional part of any State. The districts thus created may be readjusted and new districts may from time to time be created by the Director, not to exceed twelve in all. Such districts shall be known as Federal Home Loan Bank districts and may be designated by number. As soon as practicable the Director shall establish, in each district, a Federal Home Loan Bank at such city as may be designated by the Director. Its title shall include the name of the city at which it is established.

(b) Authority to reduce districts

Notwithstanding subsection (a), the number of districts may be reduced to a number less than 8—

(1) pursuant to a voluntary merger between Banks, as approved pursuant to section 1446(b) of this title; or

(2) pursuant to a decision by the Director to liquidate a Bank pursuant to section 4617 of this title.

(July 22, 1932, ch. 522, §3, 47 Stat. 726; July 14, 1952, ch. 723, §10(c), 66 Stat. 604; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, §701(b)(1), (3)(A), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 412; Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title II, §§1204(8), 1210, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2786, 2790.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–289, §1210, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).

Pub. L. 110–289, §1204(8), substituted "the Director" for "the Board" wherever appearing.

1989—Pub. L. 101–73 substituted "Board" for "board" wherever appearing.

1952—Act July 14, 1952, inserted "Guam," after "Virgin Islands,".

Executive Documents

Admission of Alaska and Hawaii to Statehood

Alaska was admitted into the Union on Jan. 3, 1959, on issuance of Proc. No. 3269, Jan. 3, 1959, 24 F.R. 81, 73 Stat. c16, and Hawaii was admitted into the Union on Aug. 21, 1959, on issuance of Proc. No. 3309, Aug. 21, 1959, 24 F.R. 6868, 73 Stat. c74. For Alaska Statehood Law, see Pub. L. 85–508, July 7, 1958, 72 Stat. 339, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions. For Hawaii Statehood Law, see Pub. L. 86–3, Mar. 18, 1959, 73 Stat. 4, set out as a note preceding section 491 of Title 48.
12 U.S.C. § 4807 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 48: FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REGULATORY IMPROVEMENT / Section 4807: Time limit on agency consideration of completed applications
Time limit on agency consideration of completed applications
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Each Federal banking agency shall take final action on any application to the agency before the end of the 1-year period beginning on the date on which a completed application is received by the agency.

(b) Waiver by applicant authorized

Any person submitting an application to a Federal banking agency may waive the applicability of subsection (a) with respect to such application at any time.

(Pub. L. 103–325, title III, §343, Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2238.)
12 U.S.C. § 4711 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 47: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BANKING / Subchapter I: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS / Section 4711: Investment of receipts and proceeds
Investment of receipts and proceeds
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment of account

Any dividends on equity investments and proceeds from the disposition of investments, deposits, or credit union shares that are received by the Fund as a result of assistance provided pursuant to section 4707 or 4712 of this title, and any fees received pursuant to section 4708(f) of this title shall be deposited and accredited to an account of the Fund in the United States Treasury (hereafter in this section referred to as "the account") established to carry out the purpose of this subchapter.

(b) Investments

Upon request of the Administrator, the Secretary of the Treasury shall invest amounts deposited in the account in public debt securities with maturities suitable to the needs of the Fund, as determined by the Administrator, and bearing interest at rates determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, comparable to current market yields on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States of similar maturities.

(c) Availability

Amounts deposited into the account and interest earned on such amounts pursuant to this section shall be available to the Fund until expended.

(Pub. L. 103–325, title I, §112, Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2177.)
12 U.S.C. § 635t (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 6A: EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES / Subchapter III: TIED AID CREDIT EXPORT SUBSIDIES / Section 635t: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter—

(1) the term "tied aid credit" means credit—

(A) which is provided for development aid purposes;

(B) which is tied to the purchase of exports from the country granting the credit;

(C) which is financed either exclusively from public funds, or, as a mixed credit, partly from public and partly from private funds; and

(D) which has a grant element, as defined by the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, greater than zero percent;

(2) the term "government-mixed credits" means the combined use of credits, insurance, and guarantees offered by the Export-Import Bank of the United States with concessional financing or grants offered by the Agency for International Development to finance exports;

(3) the term "public-private cofinancing" means the combined use of either official development assistance or official export credit with private commercial credit to finance exports;

(4) the term "blending of financings" means the use of various combinations of official development assistance, official export credit, and private commercial credit, integrated into a single package with a single set of financial terms, to finance exports;

(5) the term "parallel financing" means the related use of various combinations of separate lines of official development assistance, official export credits, and private commercial credit, not combined into a single package with a single set of financial terms, to finance exports; and

(6) the term "Bank" means the Export-Import Bank of the United States.

(Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title VI, §647], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1265.)
12 U.S.C. § 3801 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 39: ALTERNATIVE MORTGAGE TRANSACTIONS / Section 3801: Findings and purpose
Findings and purpose
Status: in_force

(a) The Congress hereby finds that—

(1) increasingly volatile and dynamic changes in interest rates have seriously impared 1 the ability of housing creditors to provide consumers with fixed-term, fixed-rate credit secured by interests in real property, cooperative housing, manufactured homes, and other dwellings;

(2) alternative mortgage transactions are essential to the provision of an adequate supply of credit secured by residential property necessary to meet the demand expected during the 1980's; and

(3) the Comptroller of the Currency, the National Credit Union Administration, and the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision have recognized the importance of alternative mortgage transactions and have adopted regulations authorizing federally chartered depository institutions to engage in alternative mortgage financing.

(b) It is the purpose of this chapter to eliminate the discriminatory impact that those regulations have upon nonfederally chartered housing creditors and provide them with parity with federally chartered institutions by authorizing all housing creditors to make, purchase, and enforce alternative mortgage transactions so long as the transactions are in conformity with the regulations issued by the Federal agencies.

(Pub. L. 97–320, title VIII, §802, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1545; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, §744(c), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 438.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1989—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–73 substituted "Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision" for "Federal Home Loan Bank Board".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 97–320, title VIII, §807(a), Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1548, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] shall be effective upon enactment [Oct. 15, 1982]."

Short Title

Pub. L. 97–320, title VIII, §801, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1545, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Alternative Mortgage Transaction Parity Act of 1982'."

Identification, Description and Publication of Regulations Inapplicable To, or Conformation of Regulations for Use Of Nonfederally Chartered Housing Creditors

Pub. L. 97–320, title VIII, §807(b), Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1548, provided that: "Within sixty days of the enactment of this title [Oct. 15, 1982], the Comptroller of the Currency, the National Credit Union Administration, and the Federal Home Loan Bank Board shall identify, describe, and publish those portions or provisions of their respective regulations that are inappropriate for (and thus inapplicable to), or that need to be conformed for the use of, the nonfederally chartered housing creditors to which their respective regulations apply, including without limitation, making necessary changes in terminology to conform the regulatory and disclosure provisions to those more typically associated with various types of transactions including credit sales."

1 So in original. Probably should be "impaired".
12 U.S.C. § 2406 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 25: NATIONAL COMMISSION ON ELECTRONIC FUND TRANSFERS / Section 2406: Compensation of members of Commission
Compensation of members of Commission
Status: in_force

(a) A member of the Commission who is an officer or employee of the United States shall serve as a member of the Commission without additional compensation, but shall be entitled to reimbursement for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred in the performance of his duties as a member of the Commission.

(b) A member of the Commission who is not otherwise an officer or employee of the United States shall be compensated at a rate of $150 per day when engaged in the performance of his duties as a member of the Commission, and shall also be reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred in the performance of his duties as a member of the Commission.

(Pub. L. 93–495, title II, §206, Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1510.)
12 U.S.C. § 3343 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 34A: APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS EXAMINATION COUNCIL / Section 3343: Transactions requiring services of State licensed appraiser
Transactions requiring services of State licensed appraiser
Status: in_force

All federally related transactions not requiring the services of a State certified appraiser shall be performed by either a State certified or licensed appraiser.

(Pub. L. 101–73, title XI, §1114, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 514.)
12 U.S.C. § 351 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter IX: POWERS AND DUTIES OF FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS / Section 351: Obligations of cooperative marketing association as issued or drawn for agricultural purposes
Obligations of cooperative marketing association as issued or drawn for agricultural purposes
Status: in_force

Notes, drafts, bills of exchange, or acceptances issued or drawn by cooperative marketing associations composed of producers of agricultural products shall be deemed to have been issued or drawn for an agricultural purpose, within the meaning of sections 348 and 349 to 352 of this title, if the proceeds thereof have been or are to be advanced by such association to any members thereof for an agricultural purpose, or have been or are to be used by such association in making payments to any members thereof on account of agricultural products delivered by such members to the association, or if such proceeds have been or are to be used by such association to meet expenditures incurred or to be incurred by the association in connection with the grading, processing, packing, preparation for market, or marketing of any agricultural product handled by such association for any of its members: Provided, That the express enumeration in this section of certain classes of paper of cooperative marketing associations as eligible for rediscount shall not be construed as rendering ineligible any other class of paper of such associations which is now eligible for rediscount.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §13A (par.), formerly §13a, as added Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 252, title IV, §404, 42 Stat. 1480; renumbered §13A, Pub. L. 102–242, title I, §142(e)(1), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2281.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of fourth par. of section 13A, formerly section 13a, as added Mar. 4, 1923. Pars. 1 to 3 and 5 of section 13A are set out as sections 348, 349, 350 and 352 of this title, respectively.
12 U.S.C. § 2208 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 23: FARM CREDIT SYSTEM / Subchapter IV: PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO TWO OR MORE CLASSES OF INSTITUTIONS OF THE SYSTEM / Section 2208: Prohibition against use of signed ballots
Prohibition against use of signed ballots
Status: in_force

In any election or merger vote, or other proceeding subject to a vote of the stockholders (or subscribers to the guaranty fund of a bank for cooperatives), conducted by a lending institution of the Farm Credit System, the institution—

(1) may not use signed ballots; and

(2) shall implement measures to safeguard the voting process for the protection of the right of stockholders (or subscribers) to a secret ballot.

(Pub. L. 92–181, title IV, §4.20, as added Pub. L. 96–592, title IV, §403, Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3447; amended Pub. L. 100–233, title IV, §425, Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1657.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–233 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: "The provisions of (1) section 2074 of this title authorizing the Federal intermediate credit banks to lend to or discount paper for other financial institutions, and (2) section 2128(b) of this title authorizing the financing of certain domestic or foreign entities in connection with the import or export activities of cooperatives which are borrowers from the banks for cooperatives, shall expire on September 30, 1990, unless extended by Act of Congress prior to that date. Any contract or agreement entered into under the authority of either provision prior to its expiration shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such expiration."
12 U.S.C. § 1701a (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 13: NATIONAL HOUSING / Section 1701a: Short title of amendment of 1938
Short title of amendment of 1938
Status: in_force

The Act of February 3, 1938, ch. 13, 52 Stat. 8, may be cited as the "National Housing Act Amendments of 1938."

(Feb. 3, 1938, ch. 13, §1, 52 Stat. 8.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The National Housing Act Amendments of 1938, referred to in text, enacted sections 1715a, 1715b, and 1733 of this title and amended sections 24, 1703, 1707 to 1709, 1710 to 1715, 1716, 1717, 1718, and section 1731 [see sections 433, 493, 657, 1006, and 1008 to 1010 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] of this title.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the National Housing Act Amendments of 1938, and not as part of the National Housing Act which comprises this chapter.
12 U.S.C. § 5495 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 53: WALL STREET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION / Subchapter V: BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION / Section 5495: Coordination
Coordination
Status: in_force

The Bureau shall coordinate with the Commission, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, and other Federal agencies and State regulators, as appropriate, to promote consistent regulatory treatment of consumer financial and investment products and services.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1015, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1974.)
12 U.S.C. § 334 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 3: FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM / Subchapter VIII: STATE BANKS AS MEMBERS OF SYSTEM / Section 334: Reports from affiliates; penalty for failure to furnish
Reports from affiliates; penalty for failure to furnish
Status: in_force

Each bank admitted to membership under this subchapter shall obtain from each of its affiliates other than member banks and furnish to the Federal reserve bank of its district and to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System not less than three reports during each year. Such reports shall be in such form as the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may prescribe, shall be verified by the oath or affirmation of the president or such other officer as may be designated by the board of directors of such affiliate to verify such reports, and shall disclose the information hereinafter provided for as of dates identical with those fixed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for reports of the condition of the affiliated member bank. Each such report of an affiliate shall be transmitted as herein provided at the same time as the corresponding report of the affiliated member bank, except that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may, in its discretion, extend such time for good cause shown. Each such report shall contain such information as in the judgment of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall be necessary to disclose fully the relations between such affiliate and such bank and to enable the board to inform itself as to the effect of such relations upon the affairs of such bank. The reports of such affiliates shall be published by the bank under the same conditions as govern its own condition reports.

Any such affiliated member bank may be required to obtain from any such affiliate such additional reports as in the opinion of its Federal reserve bank or the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may be necessary in order to obtain a full and complete knowledge of the condition of the affiliated member bank. Such additional reports shall be transmitted to the Federal reserve bank and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and shall be in such form as the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may prescribe.

Any such affiliated member bank which fails to obtain from any of its affiliates and furnish any report provided for by the two preceding paragraphs of this section shall be subject to a penalty of $100 for each day during which such failure continues, which, by direction of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, may be collected, by suit or otherwise, by the Federal reserve bank of the district in which such member bank is located.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §9 (pars.), as added June 16, 1933, ch. 89, §5(c), 48 Stat. 165; amended Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, §203(a), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 89–485, §13(f), July 1, 1966, 80 Stat. 243.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this section", meaning section 9 of act Dec. 23, 1913, which is classified generally to this subchapter (§321 et seq.).

Codification

Section is comprised of the seventeenth to nineteenth pars. of act Dec. 23, 1913, as amended. These pars. constituted pars. fifteen to seventeen of section 9 in 1933 (48 Stat. 165), became pars. sixteen to eighteen in 1935 (49 Stat. 704), and became pars. seventeen to nineteen in 1950 (64 Stat. 458). For further details, see Codification notes set out under sections 321 and 329a of this title.

Amendments

1966—Pub. L. 89–485 struck out last sentence of third par. stating that term "affiliate" shall include holding company affiliates as well as other affiliates for the purposes of such par. and preceding two pars.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935, changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
12 U.S.C. § 3111 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 32: FOREIGN BANK PARTICIPATION IN DOMESTIC MARKETS / Section 3111: Criminal penalty
Criminal penalty
Status: in_force

Whoever, with the intent to deceive, to gain financially, or to cause financial gain or loss to any person, knowingly violates any provision of this chapter or any regulation or order issued by the appropriate Federal banking agency under this chapter shall be imprisoned not more than 5 years or fined not more than $1,000,000 for each day during which a violation continues, or both.

(Pub. L. 95–369, §17, as added Pub. L. 102–242, title II, §213, Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2303.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

For definition of "this chapter", referred to in text, see References in Text note set out under section 3101 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 2294 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 24: FEDERAL FINANCING BANK / Section 2294: Payments on behalf of public bodies
Payments on behalf of public bodies
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the purchase by the Bank of the obligations of any local public body or agency within the United States shall be made upon such terms and conditions as may be necessary to avoid an increase in borrowing costs to such local public body or agency as a result of the purchase by the Bank of its obligations. The head of the Federal agency guaranteeing such obligations, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall estimate the borrowing costs that would be incurred by the local public body or agency if its obligations were not sold to the Bank.

(b) The Federal agency guaranteeing obligations purchased by the Bank may contract to make periodic payments to the Bank which shall be sufficient to offset the costs to the Bank of purchasing obligations of local public bodies or agencies upon terms and conditions as prescribed in this section rather than as prescribed by section 2285 of this title. Such contracts may be made in advance of appropriations therefor, and appropriations for making payments under such contracts are hereby authorized.

(Pub. L. 93–224, §16, Dec. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 941.)
12 U.S.C. § 38 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter I: ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 38: The National Bank Act
The National Bank Act
Status: in_force

The Act entitled "An Act to provide a national currency secured by a pledge of United States bonds, and to provide for the circulation and redemption thereof," approved June 3, 1864, shall be known as "The National Bank Act."

(June 20, 1874, ch. 343, §1, 18 Stat. 123.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The National Bank Act, referred to in text, is act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, 13 Stat. 99. The act was incorporated into the Revised Statutes as R.S. §§324 to 327, 328 to 331, 333, 380, 563, 629, 736, 884, 885, 3473, 3475, 3651, 5133 to 5136, 5137 to 5154, 5156, 5158 to 5170, 5172, 5173, 5175, 5177, 5182 to 5184, 5187, 5189, 5190 to 5192, 5195 to 5204, 5206, 5209 to 5211, 5214 to 5215, 5219 to 5222, 5224 to 5239, 5240 to 5242, 5417, which are classified to sections 1 to 4, 8, 11 to 14, 21, 22 to 24, 26, 27, 29, 35, 39, 52, 53, 56, 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 84 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 165, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 481 to 485, 541, and 548 of this title, section 197 of Title 19, Customs Duties, and section 543 of former Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 471, 472, 656, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 507, 1348, 1394, and 1733 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
12 U.S.C. § 200 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 2: NATIONAL BANKS / Subchapter XIII: RECEIVERSHIP / Section 200: Payment
Payment
Status: in_force

Whenever any such request shall be allowed as hereinbefore provided, the said Comptroller of the Currency shall be, and is, empowered to draw upon and from such funds of any such trust as may be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States for the benefit of the bank in interest, to the amount as may be recommended and allowed and for the purpose for which such allowance was made: Provided, however, That all payments to be made for or on account of the purchase of any such property and under any such allowance shall be made by the Comptroller of the Currency direct, with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, for such purpose only and in such manner as he may determine and order.

(Mar. 29, 1886, ch. 28, §3, 24 Stat. 8.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Application to District of Columbia

Provisions of this section were made applicable to banks, etc., in the District of Columbia by act Mar. 4, 1933, ch. 274, §4, 47 Stat. 1567.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions to Secretary of the Treasury, see note set out under section 55 of this title.
12 U.S.C. § 3715 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 38: MULTIFAMILY MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE / Section 3715: Computation of time
Computation of time
Status: in_force

Periods of time provided for in this chapter shall be calculated in consecutive calendar days including the day or days on which the actions or events occur or are to occur for which the period of time is provided and including the day on which an event occurs or is to occur from which the period is to be calculated.

(Pub. L. 97–35, title III, §369G, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 431.)
12 U.S.C. § 3041 (2024) — Title 12: BANKS AND BANKING / Chapter 31: NATIONAL CONSUMER COOPERATIVE BANK / Subchapter II: OFFICE OF SELF-HELP DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE / Section 3041: Establishment; appointment, etc., of Director
Establishment; appointment, etc., of Director
Status: in_force

(a) There is hereby established within the Bank an Office of Self-Help Development and Technical Assistance (hereinafter the "Office").

(b) The Office shall have a Director who shall be appointed by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, and who shall not be a member of the Board. Subject to review by the Board, the Director shall promulgate and publish in the Federal Register policies and procedures governing the operation of the Office.

(Pub. L. 95–351, title II, §201, Aug. 20, 1978, 92 Stat. 511.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Abolition of Office and Performance of Functions

For abolition of the Office of Self-Help Development and Technical Assistance and performance of the functions by a nonprofit corporation upon the incorporation of the nonprofit corporation, see section 3051 of this title.