31 U.S.C. § 777 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 7 / Subchapter V / Section 777: Annuity increases
Annuity increases
Status: in_force

(a) An annuity payable under this subchapter shall be increased at the same time that, and by the same percent as the percentage by which, annuities are increased under section 8340(b) of title 5.

(b) An annuity under section 772 of this title may not be more than the basic pay of the Comptroller General. A surviving spouse's annuity may be increased under this section without regard to any limitation set forth in section 774(e) of this title.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 906; Pub. L. 100–426, title II, §207, Sept. 9, 1988, 102 Stat. 1601.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

777(a)
31:43c(a)(words before colon), (1).
June 10, 1921, ch. 18, 42 Stat. 20, §320; added Oct. 25, 1978, Pub. L. 95–512, §3, 92 Stat. 1799.

777(b)
31:43c(a)(2).

777(c)
31:43c(a)(3), (b).

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the text of 31:43c(a)(words before colon) is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "in any year" and "commencing" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "per centum" and "by the Comptroller General" are omitted as surplus. The words "Civil Service Commission" (subsequently changed to "Office of Personnel Management" because of section 101 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1978 (eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 92 Stat. 3783)) are omitted because of the restatement of section 8340(b) of title 5 by section 1702(a) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "by reason of the application of subsection (a) of this section" and "annual" are omitted as surplus. The words "basic pay" are substituted for "compensation" for consistency with other titles of the United States Code.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–426 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows:

"(a) The Comptroller General shall compute—

"(1) on January 1 of each year, or within a reasonable time after January 1, the percent change in the Consumer Price Index between June and December of the prior year; and

"(2) on July 1 of each year, or within a reasonable time after July 1, the percent change in the Index between June of the same year and December of the prior year.

"(b) If a percent change computed under subsection (a)(1) of this section indicates a rise in the Index, an annuity payable under this subchapter and beginning before March 2 shall increase on March 1 by the percent change computed under subsection (a)(1), adjusted to the nearest .1 percent. If a percent change computed under subsection (a)(2) of this section indicates a rise in the Index, an annuity payable under this subchapter and beginning before September 2 shall increase on September 1 by the percent change computed under subsection (a)(2), adjusted to the nearest .1 percent.

"(c)(1) An increase under this section may not be more than an increase prescribed under section 8340(b) of title 5.

"(2) An annuity under section 772 of this title may not be more than the basic pay of the Comptroller General."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–426 effective after end of 60-day period beginning Sept. 9, 1988, with certain exceptions, see section 208 of Pub. L. 100–426, set out as a note under section 772 of this title.
31 U.S.C. § 3529 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 35 / Subchapter III / Section 3529: Requests for decisions of the Comptroller General
Requests for decisions of the Comptroller General
Status: in_force

(a) A disbursing or certifying official or the head of an agency may request a decision from the Comptroller General on a question involving—

(1) a payment the disbursing official or head of the agency will make; or

(2) a voucher presented to a certifying official for certification.

(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Comptroller General shall issue a decision requested under this section.

(2) A decision requested under this section concerning a function transferred to or vested in the Director of the Office of Management and Budget under section 211(a) of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1996 (109 Stat. 535), as in effect immediately before the effective date of title II of the General Accounting Office Act of 1996, or under this Act, shall be issued—

(A) by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, except as provided in subparagraph (B); or

(B) in the case of a function delegated by the Director to another agency, by the head of the agency to which the function was delegated.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 967; Pub. L. 104–316, title II, §204, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3845.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3529
31:44(1st sentence).
June 10, 1921, ch. 18, §304(1st par. 1st sentence), 42 Stat. 24.

 
31:74(last par. words before 4th comma).
July 31, 1894, ch. 174, §8(6th par. words before 4th comma), 28 Stat. 208.

 
31:82d(words after semicolon).
Dec. 29, 1941, ch. 641, §§3(words after semicolon), 4(related to §3 ), 55 Stat. 876.

 
31:82e(related to 31:82d).

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the text of 31:82e(related to 82d) is omitted as unnecessary because it does not apply to 31:82d. The words "of law" in 31:82d(words after semicolon) are omitted as surplus. In clause (1), the words "or under them" in 31:74(last par. words before 4th comma) are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2), the words "a payment on" in 31:82d(words after semicolon) are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "issue" is substituted for "render" in 31:74(last par. words before 4th comma) and "obtain" in 31:82d(words after semicolon) because of the restatement.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 211(a) of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1996, as in effect immediately before the effective date of title II of the General Accounting Office Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 211(a) of Pub. L. 104–53, which is set out as a note under section 501 of this title, as in effect before Oct. 19, 1996, the date of enactment of the General Accounting Office Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104–316, section 203 of which amended section 211 of Pub. L. 104–53 generally.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), probably means Pub. L. 104–316, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3286, known as the General Accounting Office Act of 1996, which enacted subsec. (b)(2) of this section. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–316 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and substituted "Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Comptroller General" for "The Comptroller General", and added par. (2).
31 U.S.C. § 1111 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 11 / Section 1111: Improving economy and efficiency
Improving economy and efficiency
Status: in_force

To improve economy and efficiency in the United States Government, the President shall—

(1) make a study of each agency to decide, and may send Congress recommendations, on changes that should be made in—

(A) the organization, activities, and business methods of agencies;

(B) agency appropriations;

(C) the assignment of particular activities to particular services; and

(D) regrouping of services; and

(2) evaluate and develop improved plans for the organization, coordination, and management of the executive branch of the Government.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 913.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

1111
31:18.
June 10, 1921, ch. 18, §209, 42 Stat. 22; Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1939, eff. July 1, 1939, §1, 53 Stat. 1423; Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1970, eff. July 1, 1970, §102(a), 84 Stat. 2085.

 
31:18a.
Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, §104, 64 Stat. 834; Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1970, eff. July 1, 1970, §102(a), 84 Stat. 2085.

In the section, before clause (1), the words "To improve economy and efficiency in the United States Government" are substituted for "(with a view of securing greater economy and efficiency in the conduct of the public service)" in 31:18 and "with a view to efficient and economical service" in 31:18a to eliminate unnecessary words. The word "President" is substituted for "Office of Management and Budget, when directed by the President" in 31:18 and "President, through the Director of the Office of Management and Budget" in 31:18a because sections 101 and 102(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (eff. July 1, 1970, 84 Stat. 2085) designated the Bureau of the Budget as the Office of Management and Budget and transferred all functions of the Bureau to the President. In clause (1), the words "existing" and "detailed" are omitted as surplus.

Executive Documents

Regulatory Reductions

For provisions requiring executive departments and agencies to undertake to eliminate not less than 50 percent of its civilian internal management regulations not required by law, see Ex. Ord. No. 12861, Sept. 11, 1993, 58 F.R. 48255, set out as a note under section 601 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
31 U.S.C. § 3723 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 37 / Subchapter III / Section 3723: Small claims for privately owned property damage or loss
Small claims for privately owned property damage or loss
Status: in_force

(a) The head of an agency (except a military department of the Department of Defense or the Coast Guard) may settle a claim for not more than $1,000 for damage to, or loss of, privately owned property that—

(1) is caused by the negligence of an officer or employee of the United States Government acting within the scope of employment; and

(2) may not be settled under chapter 171 of title 28.

(b) A claim under this section may be allowed only if it is presented to the head of the agency within one year after it accrues.

(c) A claim under this section may be paid as provided in section 1304 of this title only if the claimant accepts the amount of the settlement in complete satisfaction of the claim against the Government.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 975.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3723(a)
31:215(1st sentence), 216.
Dec. 28, 1922, ch. 17, §§1–3, 42 Stat. 1066.

 
31:216(note).
July 3, 1943, ch. 189, §4, 57 Stat. 373.

 
31:216(note).
Dec. 28, 1945, ch. 597, §4(words before 3d comma), 59 Stat. 662.

 
31:216(note).
Dec. 28, 1945, ch. 597, 59 Stat. 662, §5(last sentence); added Mar. 20, 1946, ch. 104, 60 Stat. 56.

 

Aug. 2, 1946, ch. 753, §424(a)(last par. on p. 846), 60 Stat. 846.

3723(b)
31:215(last sentence proviso).

3723(c)
31:215(last sentence less proviso), 217.

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the text of 31:216(words before semicolon) is omitted as unnecessary because of section 102 of the revised title. The words "acting on behalf of the Government of the United States" in 31:215 are omitted as unnecessary. The word "settle" is substituted for "consider, ascertain, adjust, and determine" for consistency. The words "after April 6, 1917" are omitted as executed.

In subsection (c), the words "A claim under this section may be paid" are added for clarity. The words "as provided in section 1304 of this title" are substituted for 31:215(last sentence less proviso) because 31:215(last sentence less proviso) is superseded by section 201 of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1978 (Pub. L. 95–240, 92 Stat. 116). The words "of the settlement" are substituted for "determined under the provisions of sections 215 and 216 of this title" in 31:217 for consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words. The word "complete" is substituted for "full" for consistency. The word "satisfaction" is substituted for "settlement" for clarity.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
31 U.S.C. § 7304 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 73 / Section 7304: Availability of records
Availability of records
Status: in_force

To evaluate and review the use of block grant amounts, consolidated assistance, and other grant programs established or provided for in the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97–35, 95 Stat. 357), records related to the amounts, assistance, or programs that are in the possession, custody, or control of a State, a political subdivision of a State, or a grantee of a State or political subdivision of a State shall be made available to the Comptroller General.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1040.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

7304
31:1243(note).
Aug. 13, 1981, Pub. L. 97–35, §1744, 95 Stat. 764.

The words "records . . . shall be made available to" are substituted for "shall have access to any books, accounts, records, correspondence, or other documents" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 97–35, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 357. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
31 U.S.C. § 3334 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 33 / Subchapter II / Section 3334: Cancellation and proceeds distribution of Treasury checks
Cancellation and proceeds distribution of Treasury checks
Status: in_force

(a) In General.—(1) The Secretary shall provide monthly to each agency that authorizes the issuance of Treasury checks a list of those checks issued for such agency on or after such effective date that have not been paid and have become more than 12 months old during the preceding month, beginning with the fourteenth month following the effective date of this section.

(2) Such checks shall be canceled by the Secretary and the proceeds thereof shall be returned to the agency concerned and credited to the appropriation or fund account initially charged for the payment.

(b) Checks Issued Before Effective Date.—(1) Not later than 18 months after the effective date of this section, the Secretary shall identify and cancel all Treasury checks issued before such effective date that have not been paid in accordance with section 3328 of this title.

(2) The proceeds from checks canceled pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be applied to eliminate the balances in accounts that represent uncollectible accounts receivable and other costs associated with the payment of checks and check claims by the Department of the Treasury on behalf of all payment certifying agencies. Any remaining proceeds shall be deposited to the miscellaneous receipts of the Treasury.

(c) No Effect on Underlying Obligation.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the underlying obligation of the United States, or any agency thereof, for which a Treasury check was issued.

(Added Pub. L. 100–86, title X, §1003, Aug. 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 658.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Such effective date, and the effective date of this section, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(1), is 6 months after Aug. 10, 1987, or on such later date as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe in regulations. See Effective Date note below.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 6 months after Aug. 10, 1987, or on such later date as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe in regulations, see section 1006 of Pub. L. 100–86, set out as an Effective Date of 1987 Amendment note under section 3328 of this title.

Regulations

For provision permitting Secretary of the Treasury to prescribe rules, regulations, and procedures as necessary to implement this section, including recertification of Treasury checks which have been canceled or for which a claim has been asserted or barred, see section 1005 of Pub. L. 100–86, set out as a note under section 3328 of this title.
31 U.S.C. § 7111 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 71 / Section 7111: Report to Congress
Report to Congress
Status: in_force

By February 3, 1984, the President shall submit to Congress a report on actions taken under this chapter and make recommendations for its continuation, amendment, or termination. The report shall include a detailed evaluation of the operation of the chapter, including information on the benefits and costs of jointly financed projects that accrue to participating States, local governments, private nonprofit organizations, and the United States Government.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1039.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

7111
42:4260.
Dec. 5, 1974, Pub. L. 93–510, §11, 88 Stat. 1608.

The words "By February 3, 1984" are substituted for "at least one year prior to the expiration of this chapter" for clarity and to reflect the 5-year extension granted the joint funding simplification program by the Act of December 16, 1980 (Pub. L. 96–534, 94 Stat. 3164). The word "comprehensive" is omitted as unnecessary. The word "amendment" is substituted for "modification" for clarity. The word "include" is substituted for "provide", and the word "operation" is substituted for "functioning", for consistency in the chapter.
31 U.S.C. § 3544 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 35 / Subchapter IV / Section 3544: Rights and remedies of the United States Government reserved
Rights and remedies of the United States Government reserved
Status: in_force

This subchapter does not affect a right or remedy the United States Government has by law to recover a tax, debt, or demand.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 969.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3544
31:520.
R.S. §3638.

The words "relating to distress warrants" and "take away or" are omitted as surplus.
31 U.S.C. § 1346 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 13 / Subchapter III / Section 1346: Commissions, councils, boards, and interagency and similar groups
Commissions, councils, boards, and interagency and similar groups
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in this section—

(1) public money and appropriations are not available to pay—

(A) the pay or expenses of a commission, council, board, or similar group, or a member of that group;

(B) expenses related to the work or the results of work or action of that group; or

(C) for the detail or cost of personal services of an officer or employee from an executive agency in connection with that group; and

(2) an accounting or disbursing official, absent a special appropriation to pay the account or charge, may not allow or pay an account or charge related to that group.

(b) Appropriations of an executive agency are available for the expenses of an interagency group conducting activities of interest common to executive agencies when the group includes a representative of the agency. The representatives receive no additional pay because of membership in the group. An officer or employee of an executive agency not a representative of the group may not receive additional pay for providing services for the group.

(c) Subject to section 1347 of this title, this section does not apply to—

(1) commissions, councils, boards, or similar groups authorized by law;

(2) courts-martial or courts of inquiry of the armed forces; or

(3) the contingent fund related to foreign relations at the disposal of the President.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 925.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

1346(a)
31:672(1st sentence less words between 4th and 5th commas).
R.S. §3681.

 
31:673(less words between 11th comma and semicolon).
Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 299, §9, 35 Stat. 1027.

1346(b)
31:691.
May 3, 1945, ch. 106, §214, 59 Stat. 134.

1346(c)
31:672(1st sentence words between 4th and 5th commas), (last sentence).

 
31:673(words between 11th comma and semicolon).

In the section, the words "executive agency" are substituted for "any executive department or other Government establishment" for clarity and because of section 102 of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(1), before subclause (A), the words "made by Congress" are omitted as surplus. In subclause (C), the words "the detail or cost of personal services of an officer" are substituted for "by detail, hereafter or heretofore made, or otherwise personal services" to eliminate unnecessary words and for clarity.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "of the Government" are omitted as surplus. The words "absent a special appropriation" are substituted for "until special appropriations shall have been made by law" to eliminate unnecessary words.

In subsection (b), the words "On or after May 3, 1945" are omitted as executed. The words "interagency group" are substituted for "committees, boards, or other interagency groups" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "includes a representative of the agency" are substituted for "composed in whole or in part of representatives thereof" for clarity.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "authorized by law" are substituted for "unless the creation . . . shall be or shall have been authorized by law" to eliminate unnecessary words.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "armed forces" are substituted for "military or naval service of the United States" for consistency.

Subsection (c)(3) is substituted for the last sentence of 31:672 to eliminate unnecessary words.
31 U.S.C. § 9104 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 91 / Section 9104: Congressional action on budgets of wholly owned Government corporations
Congressional action on budgets of wholly owned Government corporations
Status: in_force

(a) Congress shall—

(1) consider budget programs for wholly owned Government corporations the President submits;

(2) make necessary appropriations authorized by law;

(3) make corporate financial resources available for operating and administrative expenses; and

(4) provide for repaying capital and the payment of dividends.

(b) This section does not—

(1) prevent a wholly owned Government corporation from carrying out or financing its activities as authorized under another law;

(2) affect section 26 of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933 (16 U.S.C. 831y); or

(3) affect the authority of a wholly owned Government corporation to make a commitment without fiscal year limitation.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1043.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

9104(a)
31:849(1st sentence).
Dec. 6, 1945, ch. 557, §104, 59 Stat. 598; restated July 30, 1947, ch. 358, §307, 61 Stat. 584.

9104(b)
31:849(2d, last sentences).

In subsection (a), the words "budget programs for wholly owned Government corporations" are substituted for "Budget programs" for clarity and consistency. The words "legislation . . . be enacted", "as may be", "for expenditure", "corporate funds or other", "or limiting the use thereof", "as the Congress may determine", and "funds" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "existing" is omitted as surplus. In clause (1), the word "another" is added for clarity. In clause (3), the words "contracts or other" and "reference to" are omitted as surplus.
31 U.S.C. § 5354 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 53 / Subchapter III / Section 5354: Grants for fighting money laundering and related financial crimes
Grants for fighting money laundering and related financial crimes
Status: in_force

(a) In General.—After the end of the 1-year period beginning on the date the first national strategy for combating money laundering and related financial crimes is submitted to the Congress in accordance with section 5341, and subject to subsection (b), the Secretary may review, select, and award grants for State or local law enforcement agencies and prosecutors to provide funding necessary to investigate and prosecute money laundering and related financial crimes in high-risk money laundering and related financial crime areas.

(b) Special Preference.—Special preference shall be given to applications submitted to the Secretary which demonstrate collaborative efforts of two or more State and local law enforcement agencies or prosecutors who have a history of Federal, State, and local cooperative law enforcement and prosecutorial efforts in responding to such criminal activity.

(Added Pub. L. 105–310, §2(a), Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 2948.)
31 U.S.C. § 6403 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 64 / Section 6403: Guidance applying data standards for grant reporting
Guidance applying data standards for grant reporting
Status: in_force

(a) In General.—Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this chapter—

(1) the Secretary and the Director shall jointly issue guidance to all agencies directing the agencies to apply the data standards established under section 6402(a) to all applicable reporting by recipients of Federal awards; and

(2) the Director shall prescribe guidance applying the data standards established under section 6402(a) to audit-related information reported under chapter 75 of this title.

(b) Guidance.—The guidance issued under subsection (a) shall—

(1) to the extent reasonable and practicable—

(A) minimize the disruption of existing reporting practices of, and not increase the reporting burden on, agencies or recipients of Federal awards; and

(B) explore opportunities to implement modern technologies in reporting relating to Federal awards;

(2) allow the Director to permit exceptions for classes of Federal awards, including exceptions for Federal awards granted to Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations consistent with the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.), if the Director publishes a list of those exceptions and submits the list to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives; and

(3) take into consideration the consultation required under section 6402(d).

(c) Updating Guidance.—

(1) In general.—Not less frequently than once every 10 years, the Director shall update the guidance issued under subsection (a).

(2) Procedures.—In updating guidance under paragraph (1), the Director shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the procedures for the development of the data standards and guidance prescribed under this section and section 6402.

(Added Pub. L. 116–103, §4(a), Dec. 30, 2019, 133 Stat. 3269.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The date of enactment of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 116–103, which was approved Dec. 30, 2019.

The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 93–638, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2203, which is classified principally to chapter 46 (§5301 et seq.) of Title 25, Indians. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1 of Pub. L. 93–638, set out as a Short Title note under section 5301 of Title 25 and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Oversight and Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Accountability of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2023.
31 U.S.C. § 9309 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 93 / Section 9309: Priority of sureties
Priority of sureties
Status: in_force

When a person required to provide a surety bond given to the United States Government is insolvent or dies having assets insufficient to pay debts, the surety, or the executor, administrator, or assignee of the surety paying the Government the amount due under the bond—

(1) has the same priority to amounts from the assets and estate of the person as are secured for the Government; and

(2) personally may bring a civil action under the bond to recover amounts paid under the bond.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1049.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

9309
31:193.
R.S. §3468.

In the section, before clause (1), the words "person required to provide a surety bond" are substituted for "principal in any bond" for clarity and consistency. The words "dies having assets insufficient to pay debts" are substituted for "whenever, such principal being deceased, his estate and effects which come to the hands of his executor, administrator, or assignee, are insufficient for the payment of his debts" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "and, in either of such cases", "on the bond", and "such surety, his executor, administrator, or assignee" are omitted as unnecessary. Clause (1) is substituted for "shall have the like priority for the recovery and receipt of the moneys out of the estate and effects of such insolvent or deceased principal as is secured to the United States" to eliminate unnecessary words and for clarity. In clause (2), the words "and maintain" are omitted as surplus. The words "civil action" are substituted for "suit" for consistency. The words "in law or equity" are omitted as surplus.
31 U.S.C. § 5304 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 53 / Subchapter I / Section 5304: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

With the approval of the President, the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe regulations—

(1) to carry out section 5301 of this title; and

(2) the Secretary considers necessary to carry out section 5302 of this title.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 994.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

5304
31:822.
May 12, 1933, ch. 25, §44, 48 Stat. 53.

 
31:822b.
Jan. 30, 1934, ch. 6, §11, 48 Stat. 342.

Before clause (1), the words "prescribe regulations" are substituted for "make and promulgate rules and regulations" in 31:822 and "issue . . . such rules and regulations" in 31:822b for consistency. In clause (1), the words "to carry out" are substituted for "covering any action taken or to be taken by the President under" in 31:822 to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (2), the words "or proper" in 31:822b and "the purposes of" are omitted as surplus. Reference to 31:821 is omitted as obsolete because silver is no longer coined. Reference to 31:824 is omitted as obsolete because 31:824 is executed and is not part of the revised title.
31 U.S.C. § 6106 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 61 / Section 6106: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

After October 1, 1983, there may be appropriated to the Administrator such sums as may be necessary to carry out the responsibilities of this chapter.

(Added Pub. L. 98–169, §5, Nov. 29, 1983, 97 Stat. 1115.)
31 U.S.C. § 7506 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 75 / Section 7506: Effective date
Effective date
Status: in_force

This chapter shall apply to any non-Federal entity with respect to any of its fiscal years which begin after June 30, 1996.

(Added Pub. L. 98–502, §2(a), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2334, §7507; amended Pub. L. 104–156, §2, July 5, 1996, 110 Stat. 1404; renumbered §7506, Pub. L. 114–301, §2(a)(1)(B), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1514.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7506, added Pub. L. 98–502, §2(a), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2333; amended Pub. L. 104–156, §2, July 5, 1996, 110 Stat. 1403, related to the monitoring responsibilities of the Comptroller General, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–301, §2(a)(1)(A), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1514.

Amendments

2016—Pub. L. 114–301 renumbered section 7507 of this title as this section.

1996—Pub. L. 104–156 struck out "; report" after "Effective date" in section catchline and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:

"(a) This chapter shall apply to any State or local government with respect to any of its fiscal years which begin after December 31, 1984.

"(b) The Director, on or before May 1, 1987, and annually thereafter, shall submit to each House of Congress a report on operations under this chapter. Each such report shall specifically identify each Federal agency or State or local government which is failing to comply with this chapter."
31 U.S.C. § 3108 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 31 / Subchapter I / Section 3108: Prohibition against circulation privilege
Prohibition against circulation privilege
Status: in_force

An obligation issued under sections 3102–3104(a)(1) and 3105–3107 of this title may not bear the circulation privilege.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 942.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3108
31:753(d)(1st sentence).
Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, 40 Stat. 288, §18(d)(1st sentence); added Mar. 3, 1919, ch. 100, §1, 40 Stat. 1310.

 
31:757c(d)(last sentence).
Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, 40 Stat. 288, §22(d)(last sentence); added Feb. 4, 1935, ch. 5, §6, 49 Stat. 21; restated Feb. 19, 1941, ch. 7, §3, 55 Stat. 8.

 
31:757c–2(c)(last sentence).
Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, 40 Stat. 288, §22A(c)(last sentence); added Nov. 8, 1966, Pub. L. 89–800, §5, 80 Stat. 1515.

 
31:758.
Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, §7(1st sentence), 40 Stat. 291.

The reference in 31:758 to certificates authorized under 31:757 is omitted because the authority under 31:757 was ended by section 2(b)(3) of the Public Debt Act of 1941 (ch. 7, 55 Stat. 7).
31 U.S.C. § 308 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 3 / Subchapter I / Section 308: United States Customs Service
United States Customs Service
Status: in_force

The United States Customs Service, established under section 1 of the Act of March 3, 1927 (19 U.S.C. 2071), is a service in the Department of the Treasury.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 880.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

308
(no source).

The section is included to provide in subchapter I of chapter 3 of the revised title a complete list of the organizational units established by law that are in the Department of the Treasury or are subject to the direction and supervision of the Secretary of the Treasury.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. For establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, treated as if included in Pub. L. 107–296 as of Nov. 25, 2002, see section 211 of Title 6, as amended generally by Pub. L. 114–125, and section 802(b) of Pub. L. 114–125, set out as a note under section 211 of Title 6.

Executive Documents

Change of Name

Bureau of Customs redesignated United States Customs Service by Treasury Department Order 165–23, Apr. 4, 1973, eff. Aug. 1, 1973, 38 F.R. 13037.
31 U.S.C. § 3714 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 37 / Subchapter II / Section 3714: Keeping money due States in default
Keeping money due States in default
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury shall keep the necessary amount of money the United States Government owes a State when the State defaults in paying principal or interest on investments in stocks or bonds the State issues or guarantees and that the Government holds in trust. The money shall be used to pay the principal or interest or reimburse, with interest, money the Government advanced for interest due on the stocks or bonds.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 972.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3714
31:207.
R.S. §3481.

The word "amount" is substituted for "whole, or so much thereof" for clarity. The word "owes" is substituted for "due on any account from the . . . to" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "or either" and "thereon" are omitted as surplus.
31 U.S.C. § 754 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 7 / Subchapter IV / Section 754: Action by the Comptroller General
Action by the Comptroller General
Status: in_force

When the Comptroller General has authority, the Comptroller General promptly shall carry out action the General Accounting Office Personnel Appeals Board 1 orders under section 753 of this title.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 902.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

754
31:52–3(i).
Feb. 15, 1980, Pub. L. 96–191, §4(i), 94 Stat. 31.

The words "to do so" and "corrective" are omitted as surplus. The words "under section 753 of this title" are added for clarity.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

General Accounting Office redesignated Government Accountability Office. See section 8 of Pub. L. 108–271, set out as a note under section 702 of this title.

1 See Change of Name note below.
31 U.S.C. § 327 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 3 / Subchapter II / Section 327: Advancements and reimbursements for services
Advancements and reimbursements for services
Status: in_force

(a) In this section, "service" includes service provided in—

(1) disbursing and receiving amounts.

(2) servicing bonds.

(3) making accounts.

(4) maintaining bank accounts.

(b) When the Secretary of the Treasury provides a service for an agency (except the Department of the Treasury) for which amounts have not been appropriated to the Department, the agency may advance for credit or reimburse the Department the amounts necessary to provide the service. Notwithstanding section 3302 of this title, amounts advanced or reimbursed may be credited to the appropriation of the Department that is current when the service is provided.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 883.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. CodeSource (Statutes at Large)

327(a)
31:157(c)(2).
Aug. 14, 1950, ch. 705, 64 Stat. 440.

327(b)
31:157(a)–(c)(1).

In the section, the word "amounts" is substituted for "funds" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

In subsection (a), the words "shall not be limited to" are omitted as surplus. The words "disbursing and receiving" are substituted for "collection and disbursement", the word "making" is substituted for "rendition of", and the word "maintaining" is substituted for "keeping", for consistency in the revised title. The word "checking" is omitted as being included in "bank".

In subsection (b), the words "When the Secretary of the Treasury provides a service" are substituted for "When any service authorized by law and directed by the Secretary of the Treasury is performed or to be performed" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "by the Fiscal Service or the Office of the Treasurer of the United States of the Department of the Treasury" are omitted because of the source provisions restated in section 321 of the revised title. The words "agency (except the Department of the Treasury)" are substituted for 31:157(c)(1) for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code. The word "reimburse" is substituted for "pay", and the words "advanced or reimbursed" are substituted for "transferred", for clarity and because of the restatement.
31 U.S.C. § 721 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 7 / Subchapter II / Section 721: Access to certain information
Access to certain information
Status: in_force

(a) No provision of the Social Security Act, including section 453(l) of that Act (42 U.S.C. 653(l)), shall be construed to limit, amend, or supersede the authority of the Comptroller General to obtain any information or to inspect any record under section 716 of this title.

(b) The specific reference to a statute in subsection (a) shall not be construed to affect access by the Government Accountability Office to information under statutes that are not so referenced.

(Added Pub. L. 115–3, §2(a), Jan. 31, 2017, 131 Stat. 7.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, which is classified generally to chapter 7 (§301 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.
31 U.S.C. § 3906 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 39 / Section 3906: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-362, title XIII, §1301(c)(1), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3293
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-362, title XIII, §1301(c)(1), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3293
Status: repealed

[§3906. Repealed. Pub. L. 105–362, title XIII, §1301(c)(1), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3293]

Section, added Pub. L. 97–452, §1(18)(A), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2476, §3905; renumbered §3906 and amended Pub. L. 100–496, §§9(a)(1), 10, Oct. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 2460, 2463, required submission of reports to Director of the Office of Management and Budget by 60th day after end of fiscal year by head of each agency concerning agency's payment practices during that fiscal year.

A prior section 3906 was renumbered section 3907 of this title.
31 U.S.C. § 3341 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 33 / Subchapter III / Section 3341: Sale of Government warrants, checks, drafts, and obligations
Sale of Government warrants, checks, drafts, and obligations
Status: in_force

(a) A disbursing official of the United States Government may sell a Government warrant, check, draft, or obligation not the property of the official at a premium, or dispose of the proceeds of the warrant, check, draft, or obligation, only if the official deposits the premium and the proceeds in the Treasury or with a depositary for the credit of the Government.

(b) A disbursing official violating subsection (a) of this section shall be dismissed immediately.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 956.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3341(a)
31:544(words before last semicolon).
R.S. §3652.

3341(b)
31:544(words after last semicolon).

In subsection (a), the words "disbursing official" are substituted for "officer" for clarity and consistency in the revised title. The words "either directly or indirectly" and "or dispose of to any person" are omitted as surplus. The words "Government warrant, check, draft, or obligation" are substituted for "Treasury note, draft, warrant, or other public security" for consistency in the revised title. The words "or sell . . . avails or . . . in his hands for disbursement" are omitted as surplus. The words "only if the official deposits the premium and the proceeds in the Treasury or with a depositary" are substituted for "without making return of such premium, and accounting therefor by charging the same in his account" for clarity and consistency in the chapter.

In subsection (b), the words "from office" are omitted as unnecessary.
31 U.S.C. § 1114 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 11 / Section 1114: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-355, title II, §2454(c)(2), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3326
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-355, title II, §2454(c)(2), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3326
Status: repealed

[§1114. Repealed. Pub. L. 103–355, title II, §2454(c)(2), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3326]

Section, Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 916, related to budget information on consulting services.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

For effective date and applicability of repeal, see section 10001 of Pub. L. 103–355, set out as an Effective Date of 1994 Amendment note under section 8752 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
31 U.S.C. § 3128 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 31 / Subchapter II / Section 3128: Proof of death to support payment
Proof of death to support payment
Status: in_force

A finding of death made by an officer or employee of the United States Government authorized by law to make the finding is sufficient proof of death to allow credit in the accounts of a Federal reserve bank or accountable official of the Department of the Treasury in a case involving the transfer, exchange, reissue, redemption, or payment of obligations of the Government, including obligations guaranteed by the Government for which the Secretary of the Treasury acts as transfer agent.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 947.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3128
31:757d.
Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, 40 Stat. 288, §23; added Apr. 3, 1945, ch. 51, §4, 59 Stat. 48.

The words "officer or employee" are substituted for "official or agency" for clarity and consistency with other titles of the United States Code. The word "Government" is added for consistency. The words "section 1005 of Appendix to title 50" are omitted because the section was repealed by section 8(a) of the Act of Sept. 6, 1966 (Pub. L. 89–554, 80 Stat. 651). The words "or by any other" are omitted as surplus. The words "or by the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the Navy" are omitted because of 10:ch. 75. The word "official" is substituted for "officer" for consistency. The words "bonds and other" are omitted as surplus. The words "Secretary of the Treasury" are substituted for "Treasury Department" for accuracy and consistency.
31 U.S.C. § 5334 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 53 / Subchapter II / Section 5334: Training regarding anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism
Training regarding anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism
Status: in_force

(a) Training Requirement.—Each Federal examiner reviewing compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act, as defined in section 6003 of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020, shall attend appropriate annual training, as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, relating to anti-money laundering activities and countering the financing of terrorism, including with respect to—

(1) potential risk profiles and warning signs that an examiner may encounter during examinations;

(2) financial crime patterns and trends;

(3) the high-level context for why anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism programs are necessary for law enforcement agencies and other national security agencies and what risks those programs seek to mitigate; and

(4) de-risking and the effect of de-risking on the provision of financial services.

(b) Training Materials and Standards.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall, in consultation with the Financial Institutions Examination Council, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, and Federal, State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies, establish appropriate training materials and standards for use in the training required under subsection (a).

(Added Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, title LXIII, §6307(a), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4590.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 6003 of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 6003 of div. F of Pub. L. 116–283, which is set out as a note under section 5311 of this title. Such section 6003 defines terms, including the Bank Secrecy Act, as used in div. F of Pub. L. 116–283.
31 U.S.C. § 5328 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 53 / Subchapter II / Section 5328: Repealed. Pub. L. 116-283, div. F, title LXIII, §6314(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4603
Repealed. Pub. L. 116-283, div. F, title LXIII, §6314(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4603
Status: repealed

[§5328. Repealed. Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, title LXIII, §6314(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4603]

Section, added Pub. L. 102–550, title XV, §1563(a), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4072; amended Pub. L. 107–56, title III, §365(c)(2)(B)(i), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 335, related to whistleblower protections. See section 5323 of this title.
31 U.S.C. § 5102 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 51 / Subchapter I / Section 5102: Standard weight
Standard weight
Status: in_force

The standard troy pound of the National Institute of Standards and Technology of the Department of Commerce shall be the standard used to ensure that the weight of United States coins conforms to specifications in section 5112 of this title.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 980; Pub. L. 100–418, title V, §5115(c), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1433.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

5102
31:364.
R.S. §3548; restated Mar. 4, 1911, ch. 268, §1, 36 Stat. 1354.

The words "National Bureau of Standards of the Department of Commerce" are substituted for "Bureau of Standards of the United States" because of 15:1511. The words "troy pound of the mint of the United States, conformably to which the coinage thereof shall be regulated" are omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement. The word "ensure" is substituted for "securing" as being more precise. The words "specifications in section 5112 of this title" are substituted for "the provisions of the laws relating to coinage" because of the restatement.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–418 substituted "National Institute of Standards and Technology" for "National Bureau of Standards".
31 U.S.C. § 1532 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 15 / Subchapter III / Section 1532: Withdrawal and credit
Withdrawal and credit
Status: in_force

An amount available under law may be withdrawn from one appropriation account and credited to another or to a working fund only when authorized by law. Except as specifically provided by law, an amount authorized to be withdrawn and credited is available for the same purpose and subject to the same limitations provided by the law appropriating the amount. A withdrawal and credit is made by check and without a warrant.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 933.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

1532
31:628–1.
Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, §1210(less last proviso), 64 Stat. 765.

The word "limitations" is substituted for "limitations, conditions, and restrictions" to eliminate unnecessary words.
31 U.S.C. § 307 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 3 / Subchapter I / Section 307: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Status: in_force

The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, established under section 324 of the Revised Statutes (12 U.S.C. 1), is an office in the Department of the Treasury.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 880.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

307
(no source).

The section is included to provide in subchapter I of chapter 3 of the revised title a complete list of the organizational units established by law that are in the Department of the Treasury or are subject to the direction and supervision of the Secretary of the Treasury. The title "Office of the Comptroller of the Currency" and the word "office" are used to reflect the name that this organizational unit of the Department of the Treasury historically has been given.
31 U.S.C. § 1123 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 11 / Section 1123: Chief Operating Officers
Chief Operating Officers
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment.—At each agency, the deputy head of agency, or equivalent, shall be the Chief Operating Officer of the agency.

(b) Function.—Each Chief Operating Officer shall be responsible for improving the management and performance of the agency, and shall—

(1) provide overall organization management to improve agency performance and achieve the mission and goals of the agency through the use of strategic and performance planning, measurement, analysis, regular assessment of progress, and use of performance information to improve the results achieved;

(2) advise and assist the head of agency in carrying out the requirements of sections 1115 through 1122 of this title and section 306 of title 5;

(3) oversee agency-specific efforts to improve management functions within the agency and across Government; and

(4) coordinate and collaborate with relevant personnel within and external to the agency who have a significant role in contributing to and achieving the mission and goals of the agency, such as the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Human Capital Officer, Chief Acquisition Officer/Senior Procurement Executive, Chief Information Officer, and other line of business chiefs at the agency.

(Added Pub. L. 111–352, §8, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3878.)
31 U.S.C. § 3326 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 33 / Subchapter II / Section 3326: Waiver of requirements for warrants and advances
Waiver of requirements for warrants and advances
Status: in_force

(a) When the Secretary of the Treasury and the Comptroller General decide that, with sufficient safeguards, existing procedures may be changed to simplify, improve, and economize the control and accounting of public money, they may prescribe joint regulations for waiving any part of the requirements in effect on September 12, 1950, that—

(1) warrants be issued and countersigned for the receipt, retention, and disbursement of public money and trust funds; and

(2) amounts be requisitioned and advanced to accountable officials.

(b) Regulations of the Secretary and the Comptroller General may provide for the payment of vouchers by authorized disbursing officials by checks drawn on the general fund of the Treasury. However, the regulations shall provide for appropriate action (including suspension or withdrawal of authority to make payments) against a delinquent disbursing official for any reason related to the official's accounts.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 951.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3326(a)
31:66c(a).
Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, §115, 64 Stat. 837.

3326(b)
31:66c(b).

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "in effect on September 12, 1950" are substituted for "existing" for clarity. In clause (2), the words "under each separate appropriation head or otherwise" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "official" is substituted for "officers" for consistency. The word "Treasury" is substituted for "Treasurer of the United States" because of the source provisions restated in section 321 of the revised title and Department of the Treasury Order 229 of January 14, 1974 (39 F.R. 2280). The words "in the rendition of their accounts or for other" and "under necessary circumstances" are omitted as surplus.
31 U.S.C. § 3561 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 35 / Subchapter VI / Section 3561: Repealed. Pub. L. 111-204, §2(h)(6)(A)(i), July 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 2231
Repealed. Pub. L. 111-204, §2(h)(6)(A)(i), July 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 2231
Status: repealed

[§3561. Repealed. Pub. L. 111–204, §2(h)(6)(A)(i), July 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 2231]

Section, added Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title VIII, §831(a)(1), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1186, related to identification of errors made by executive agencies in payments to contractors and recovery of amounts erroneously paid.
31 U.S.C. § 5115 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 51 / Subchapter II / Section 5115: United States currency notes
United States currency notes
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary of the Treasury may issue United States currency notes. The notes—

(1) are payable to bearer; and

(2) shall be in a form and in denominations of at least one dollar that the Secretary prescribes.

(b) The amount of United States currency notes outstanding and in circulation—

(1) may not be more than $300,000,000; and

(2) may not be held or used for a reserve.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 983.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

5115(a)
31:401.
R.S. §3571.

5115(b)
31:402.
June 20, 1874, ch. 343, §6, 18 Stat. 124; Jan. 14, 1875, ch. 15, §3, 18 Stat. 296.

In the section, the words "United States currency notes" are substituted for "United States notes" for clarity and consistency in the revised title.

In subsection (a), the first sentence is added for clarity and because of the restatement. The words "shall not bear interest" are omitted because of the source provisions restated in section 5118 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words "in circulation" are substituted for "to be used as a part of the circulation medium" to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (1), the words "the sum of" are omitted as surplus. The words "which said sum shall appear in each monthly statement of the public debt" are omitted because of the source provisions restated in section 5118 of the revised title. In clause (2), the words "and no part thereof shall" are omitted because of the restatement. The text of section 3(less 2d sentence) of the Act of January 14, 1875 (ch. 15, 18 Stat. 296), is omitted as executed.
31 U.S.C. § 6306 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 63 / Section 6306: Authority to vest title in tangible personal property for research
Authority to vest title in tangible personal property for research
Status: in_force

The head of an executive agency may vest title in tangible personal property in a nonprofit institution of higher education or in a nonprofit organization whose primary purpose is conducting scientific research—

(1) when the property is bought with amounts provided under a procurement contract, grant agreement, or cooperative agreement with the institution or organization to conduct basic or applied scientific research;

(2) when the head of the agency decides the vesting furthers the objectives of the agency;

(3) without further obligation to the United States Government; and

(4) under conditions the head of the agency considers appropriate.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1004.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

6306
41:506.
Feb. 3, 1978, Pub. L. 95–224, §7, 92 Stat. 5.

The text of 41:506(a) is omitted as unnecessary because it duplicates the requirements of sections 6303–6305 of the revised title. The word "equipment" is omitted as being included in "tangible personal property". The words "amounts provided under a contract, grant agreement, or cooperative agreement" are substituted for "such funds" for clarity. The words "decides the vesting" are substituted for "it is deemed" for clarity. The word "conditions" is substituted for "terms and conditions" because it is inclusive.
31 U.S.C. § 9308 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 93 / Section 9308: Civil penalty
Civil penalty
Status: in_force

A surety corporation is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of at least $500 but not more than $5,000 for violating section 9304, 9305, or 9306 of this title. A civil action under this section may be brought in a judicial district in which a civil action may be brought against the corporation under section 9307 of this title. A penalty imposed under this section does not affect the validity of a contract made by the surety corporation.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1049.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

9308
6:13.

The section is substituted for 6:13 for clarity and consistency.
31 U.S.C. § 5103 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 51 / Subchapter I / Section 5103: Legal tender
Legal tender
Status: in_force

United States coins and currency (including Federal reserve notes and circulating notes of Federal reserve banks and national banks) are legal tender for all debts, public charges, taxes, and dues. Foreign gold or silver coins are not legal tender for debts.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 980; Pub. L. 97–452, §1(19), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2477.)

Historical and Revision Notes
1982 Act

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

5103
31:392.
July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, §102, 79 Stat. 255.

 
31:456.
R.S. §3584.

The words "All . . . regardless of when coined or issued" are omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement. The word "debts" is substituted for "debts, public and private" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "public charges, taxes, duties, and dues" are omitted as included in "debts".

1983 Act

This restores to 31:5103 the reference to public charges, taxes, and dues because they are not considered to be debts. See, Hagar v. Reclamation District No. 108, 111 U.S. 701, 706 (1884).

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1983—Pub. L. 97–452 inserted ", public charges, taxes, and dues" after "all debts".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Amendment effective Sept. 13, 1982, see section 2(i) of Pub. L. 97–452, set out as a note under section 3331 of this title.
31 U.S.C. § 3514 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 35 / Subchapter II / Section 3514: Discontinuing certain accounts maintained by the Comptroller General
Discontinuing certain accounts maintained by the Comptroller General
Status: in_force

The Comptroller General may discontinue an agency appropriation, expenditure, limitation, receipt, or personal ledger account maintained by the Comptroller General when the Comptroller General believes that the accounting system and internal controls of the agency will allow the Comptroller General to carry out the functions related to the account.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 960.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

3514
31:66d.
Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, §116, 64 Stat. 837.

The words "Comptroller General" are substituted for "General Accounting Office" for consistency. The word "agency" is substituted for "executive, legislative, and judicial agencies" because of sections 101, 102, and 3501 of the revised title. The word "properly" is omitted as surplus.
31 U.S.C. § 1342 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 13 / Subchapter III / Section 1342: Limitation on voluntary services
Limitation on voluntary services
Status: in_force

An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government may not accept voluntary services for either government or employ personal services exceeding that authorized by law except for emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property. This section does not apply to a corporation getting amounts to make loans (except paid in capital amounts) without legal liability of the United States Government. As used in this section, the term "emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property" does not include ongoing, regular functions of government the suspension of which would not imminently threaten the safety of human life or the protection of property.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 923; Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII, §13213(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–621; Pub. L. 104–92, title III, §310(a), Jan. 6, 1996, 110 Stat. 20.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

1342
31:665(b).
R.S. §3679(b), (d)(2)(last sentence related to voluntary services); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), 33 Stat. 1257; Feb. 27, 1906, ch. 510, §3, 34 Stat. 48; restated Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, §1211, 64 Stat. 765.

 
31:665(d)(2)(last sentence related to voluntary services).

The words "District of Columbia government" are added because of section 47–105 of the D.C. Code.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Pub. L. 104–92 temporarily amended section by inserting "All officers and employees of the United States Government or the District of Columbia government shall be deemed to be performing services relating to emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property." after first sentence and by striking out at end "As used in this section, the term 'emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property' does not include ongoing, regular functions of government the suspension of which would not imminently threaten the safety of human life or the protection of property". See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendment note below.

1990—Pub. L. 101–508 inserted at end "As used in this section, the term 'emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property' does not include ongoing, regular functions of government the suspension of which would not imminently threaten the safety of human life or the protection of property."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendment

Pub. L. 104–92, title III, §310(a), Jan. 6, 1996, 110 Stat. 20, provided that the amendment made by that section is for the period Dec. 15, 1995, through Jan. 26, 1996.
31 U.S.C. § 101 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 1 / Section 101: Agency
Agency
Status: in_force

In this title, "agency" means a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 877.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

101
(no source).

The section is included to avoid the necessity for defining "agency" each time it is used in the revised title.
31 U.S.C. § 6303 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 63 / Section 6303: Using procurement contracts
Using procurement contracts
Status: in_force

An executive agency shall use a procurement contract as the legal instrument reflecting a relationship between the United States Government and a State, a local government, or other recipient when—

(1) the principal purpose of the instrument is to acquire (by purchase, lease, or barter) property or services for the direct benefit or use of the United States Government; or

(2) the agency decides in a specific instance that the use of a procurement contract is appropriate.

(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1004.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)

6303
41:503.
Feb. 3, 1978, Pub. L. 95–224, §4, 92 Stat. 4.

The words "type of" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "decides" is substituted for "determines" for consistency.
31 U.S.C. § 5340 (2024) — Title 31: MONEY AND FINANCE / Chapter 53 / Subchapter III / Section 5340: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Department of the treasury law enforcement organizations.—The term "Department of the Treasury law enforcement organizations" has the meaning given to such term in section 9705(o).

(2) Money laundering and related financial crime.—The term "money laundering and related financial crime"—

(A) means the movement of illicit cash or cash equivalent proceeds into, out of, or through the United States, or into, out of, or through United States financial institutions, as defined in section 5312 of title 31, United States Code; or

(B) has the meaning given that term (or the term used for an equivalent offense) under State and local criminal statutes pertaining to the movement of illicit cash or cash equivalent proceeds.

(3) Secretary.—The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Treasury.

(4) Attorney general.—The term "Attorney General" means the Attorney General of the United States.

(Added Pub. L. 105–310, §2(a), Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 2941; amended Pub. L. 114–22, title I, §105(c)(2)(A)(ii)(II), May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 237.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2015—Par. (1). Pub. L. 114–22 substituted "section 9705(o)" for "section 9703(p)(1)".