29 U.S.C. § 557 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 12: DEPARTMENT OF LABOR / Section 557: Bureaus and offices in Department
Bureaus and offices in Department
Status: in_force

The following-named offices, bureaus, divisions, and branches of the public service, and all that pertains to the same, shall be under the jurisdiction and supervision of the Department of Labor:

1. Bureau of Employees' Compensation.

2. Bureau of Labor Standards.

3. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

4. Division of Public Contracts.

5. Employees' Compensation Appeals Board.

6. United States Employment Service.

7. Wage and Hour Division.

8. Women's Bureau.

(Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §3, 37 Stat. 737; June 5, 1920, ch. 248, §1, 41 Stat. 987; June 6, 1933, ch. 49, §1, 48 Stat. 113; Ex. Ord. No. 6166, §14, June 10, 1933; June 30, 1936, ch. 881, §4, 49 Stat. 2038; June 25, 1938, ch. 676, §4, 52 Stat. 1061; 1939 Reorg. Plan No. I, §201, eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2728, 53 Stat. 1424; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. V, §1, eff. June 4, 1940, 5 F.R. 2223, 54 Stat. 1238; Ex. Ord. No. 9247, Sept. 17, 1942, 7 F.R. 7379; Ex. Ord. No. 9617, Sept. 19, 1945, 10 F.R. 11929; 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §1, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F.R. 7873, 60 Stat. 1095; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title II, §202, 61 Stat. 153; 1949 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §1, eff. Aug. 20, 1949, 14 F.R. 5225, 63 Stat. 1065; 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 19, §§1, 2, eff. May 24, 1952, 15 F.R. 3178, 64 Stat. 1271, 1272.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 616 of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 1, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.

Statutory Notes and Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of other officers, employees, and agencies of Department of Labor, with certain exceptions, to Secretary of Labor, with power to delegate, see Reorg. Plan No. 6, of 1950, §§1, 2, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Bureau of Employees' Compensation transferred to Department of Labor from Federal Security Agency by Reorg. Plan No. 19 of 1950, §1, which was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, §8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 662, the subject matter of which is covered by section 8101 et seq. of Title 5. Subsequently, Bureau of Compensation absorbed by Employment Standards Administration in Department of Labor.

Bureau of Labor Standards established in Department of Labor by departmental order in 1934, and its functions absorbed by Occupational Safety and Health Administration in May 1971.

Division of Public Contracts established in Department of Labor by virtue of act June 30, 1936, and was consolidated with Wage and Hour Division by order of Secretary of Labor on Aug. 21, 1942. Subsequently, by order of Secretary of Labor in May 1971, Division of Public Contracts absorbed by Wage and Hour Division.

Employees' Compensation Appeals Board transferred to Department of Labor from Federal Security Agency by Reorg. Plan No. 19 of 1950, §2, which was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, §8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 662, the subject matter of which is covered by section 8101 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

United States Employment Service created in Department of Labor by act June 6, 1933. Service transferred to Federal Security Agency by Reorg. Plan No. I of 1939, and its functions consolidated with unemployment compensation functions of Social Security Board in Bureau of Employment Security. Ex. Ord. No. 9247, Sept. 17, 1942, transferred United States Employment Service from Social Security Board to War Manpower Commission and became a part of Bureau of Placement. Service transferred to Department of Labor by Ex. Ord. No. 9617, Sept. 19, 1945, to be administered as an organizational entity. Act June 16, 1948, ch. 472, 62 Stat. 443, transferred Service to Federal Security Agency to function as a part of Bureau of Employment Security in Social Security Administration. Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1949, eff. Aug. 20, 1949, transferred Bureau of Employment Security, including United States Employment Service, to Department of Labor.

Wage and Hour Division established in Department of Labor by act June 25, 1938, and consolidated with Division of Public Contracts by order of Secretary of Labor on Aug. 21, 1942.

Women's Bureau established in Department of Labor by act June 5, 1920.

Bureau of Immigration and Bureau of Naturalization, placed under jurisdiction of Department of Labor upon its creation by act Mar. 4, 1913, consolidated as Immigration and Naturalization Service by Ex. Ord. No. 6166, §14. Immigration and Naturalization Service of Department of Labor, including Office of Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization, transferred to Department of Justice by Reorg. Plan No. V of 1940, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Children's Bureau transferred from Department of Labor to Federal Security Agency by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1946, set out in the Appendix to Title 5. For status of Children's Bureau, see note under section 191 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

United States Conciliation Service established in Department of Labor by virtue of act Mar. 4, 1913, §8, formerly set out as section 619 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, and section 51 of this title, but was discontinued in view of act June 23, 1947, §202, and set out as section 172 of this title, which transferred to Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, an independent agency, all powers and functions vested in Secretary of Labor by act Mar. 4, 1913, §8, formerly cited as a credit to this section.
29 U.S.C. § 1792 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 19: JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter VI: STATE HUMAN RESOURCE INVESTMENT COUNCIL / Section 1792: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Status: repealed

Section 1792, Pub. L. 97–300, title VII, §701, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title VI, §601(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1099; amended Pub. L. 104–193, title I, §110(n)(17), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2175, related to establishment and functions of State human resource investment councils.

Section 1792a, Pub. L. 97–300, title VII, §702, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title VI, §601(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1101, related to composition of Councils.

Section 1792b, Pub. L. 97–300, title VII, §703, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title VI, §601(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1102, related to administration of Councils.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 2000, see section 199(c)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 105–220, set out as a note under section 1501 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 3212 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 32: WORKFORCE INNOVATION AND OPPORTUNITY / Subchapter I: WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES / Section 3212: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part—

(1) $1,688,155,000 for fiscal year 2015;

(2) $1,818,548,000 for fiscal year 2016;

(3) $1,856,283,000 for fiscal year 2017;

(4) $1,897,455,000 for fiscal year 2018;

(5) $1,942,064,000 for fiscal year 2019; and

(6) $1,983,236,000 for fiscal year 2020.

(Pub. L. 113–128, title I, §162, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1559.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 530 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter VII: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 530: Deprivation of rights by violence; penalty
Deprivation of rights by violence; penalty
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any person through the use of force or violence, or threat of the use of force or violence, to restrain, coerce, or intimidate, or attempt to restrain, coerce, or intimidate any member of a labor organization for the purpose of interfering with or preventing the exercise of any right to which he is entitled under the provisions of this chapter. Any person who willfully violates this section shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title VI, §610, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 541.)
29 U.S.C. § 2241 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 24: TECHNOLOGY RELATED ASSISTANCE FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES / Subchapter II: PROGRAMS OF NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE / Section 2241: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-394, title IV, §401, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3661
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-394, title IV, §401, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3661
Status: repealed

Section 2241, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §211, as added Pub. L. 103–218, title II, §202, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 87, related to technology training.

A prior section 2241, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §211, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1060, related to establishment of national information and program referral network, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–218, §202.

Section 2242, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §212, as added Pub. L. 103–218, title II, §202, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 89, related to technology transfer.

A prior section 2242, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §212, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1060, related to feasibility studies undertaken by Secretary of Labor concerning the national information and program referral network, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–218, §202.

Section 2243, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §213, as added Pub. L. 103–218, title II, §202, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 89, related to device and equipment redistribution information systems and recycling centers.

A prior section 2243, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §213, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1060, prescribed contents of study conducted by Secretary of Labor concerning the national information and program referral network, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–218, §202.

Section 2244, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §214, as added Pub. L. 103–218, title II, §202, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 90, related to business opportunities for individuals with disabilities.

A prior section 2244, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §214, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1062, prescribed timetable for study conducted by Secretary of Labor concerning the national information and program referral network, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–218, §202.

Section 2245, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §215, as added Pub. L. 103–218, title II, §202, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 90, related to products of universal design.

Section 2246, Pub. L. 100–407, title II, §216, as added Pub. L. 103–218, title II, §202, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 90, related to governing standards for activities.
29 U.S.C. § 5 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 1: LABOR STATISTICS / Subchapter I: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS / Section 5: Bulletin as to labor conditions
Bulletin as to labor conditions
Status: in_force

The Commissioner of Labor Statistics is authorized to prepare and publish a bulletin of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as to the condition of labor in this and other countries, condensations of State and foreign labor reports, facts as to conditions of employment, and such other facts as may be deemed of value to the industrial interests of the country.

(Mar. 2, 1895, ch. 177, §1, 28 Stat. 805; Mar. 18, 1904, ch. 716, 33 Stat. 136; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §3, 37 Stat. 737.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Provision of act Mar. 2, 1895, as to printing of the bulletin for distribution is covered by section 1324 of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents.

Act Mar. 18, 1904, changed name of Department of Labor to Bureau of Labor.

Act Mar. 4, 1913, authorized substitution of "Commissioner of Labor Statistics" and "Bureau of Labor Statistics" for "Commissioner of Labor" and "Bureau of Labor", respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Statistics of Cities

Commissioner authorized to compile, as part of bulletin of Department, an abstract of main features of official statistics of cities having over 30,000 population, by a provision of act July 1, 1898, ch. 546, §1, 30 Stat. 648.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of other officers, employees, and agencies of Department of Labor, with certain exceptions, to Secretary of Labor, with power to delegate, see Reorg. Plan No. 6 of 1950, §§1, 2, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
29 U.S.C. § 218d (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 8: FAIR LABOR STANDARDS / Section 218d: Breastfeeding accommodations in the workplace
Breastfeeding accommodations in the workplace
Status: in_force

(a) In general

An employer shall provide—

(1) a reasonable break time for an employee to express breast milk for such employee's nursing child for 1 year after the child's birth each time such employee has need to express the milk; and

(2) a place, other than a bathroom, that is shielded from view and free from intrusion from coworkers and the public, which may be used by an employee to express breast milk.

(b) Compensation

(1) In general

Subject to paragraph (2), an employer shall not be required to compensate an employee receiving reasonable break time under subsection (a)(1) for any time spent during the workday for such purpose unless otherwise required by Federal or State law or municipal ordinance.

(2) Relief from duties

Break time provided under subsection (a)(1) shall be considered hours worked if the employee is not completely relieved from duty during the entirety of such break.

(c) Exemption for small employers

An employer that employs less than 50 employees shall not be subject to the requirements of this section, if such requirements would impose an undue hardship by causing the employer significant difficulty or expense when considered in relation to the size, financial resources, nature, or structure of the employer's business.

(d) Exemption for crewmembers of air carriers

(1) In general

An employer that is an air carrier shall not be subject to the requirements of this section with respect to an employee of such air carrier who is a crewmember 1

(2) Definitions

In this subsection:

(A) Air carrier

The term "air carrier" has the meaning given such term in section 40102 of title 49.

(B) Crewmember

The term "crewmember" has the meaning given such term in section 1.1 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations).

(e) Applicability to rail carriers

(1) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (2), an employer that is a rail carrier shall be subject to the requirements of this section.

(2) Certain employees

An employer that is a rail carrier shall be subject to the requirements of this section with respect to an employee of such rail carrier who is a member of a train crew involved in the movement of a locomotive or rolling stock or who is an employee who maintains the right of way, provided that compliance with the requirements of this section does not—

(A) require the employer to incur significant expense, such as through the addition of such a member of a train crew in response to providing a break described in subsection (a)(1) to another such member of a train crew, removal or retrofitting of seats, or the modification or retrofitting of a locomotive or rolling stock; or

(B) result in unsafe conditions for an individual who is an employee who maintains the right of way.

(3) Significant expense

For purposes of paragraph (2)(A), it shall not be considered a significant expense to modify or retrofit a locomotive or rolling stock by installing a curtain or other screening protection.

(4) Definitions

In this subsection:

(A) Employee who maintains the right of way

The term "employee who maintains the right of way" means an employee who is a safety-related railroad employee described in section 20102(4)(C) of title 49.

(B) Rail carrier

The term "rail carrier" means an employer described in section 213(b)(2) of this title.

(C) Train crew

The term "train crew" has the meaning given such term as used in chapter II of subtitle B of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations).

(f) Applicability to motorcoach services operators

(1) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (2), an employer that is a motorcoach services operator shall be subject to the requirements of this section.

(2) Employees who are involved in the movement of a motorcoach

An employer that is a motorcoach services operator shall be subject to the requirements of this section with respect to an employee of such motorcoach services operator who is involved in the movement of a motorcoach provided that compliance with the requirements of this section does not—

(A) require the employer to incur significant expense, such as through the removal or retrofitting of seats, the modification or retrofitting of a motorcoach, or unscheduled stops; or

(B) result in unsafe conditions for an employee of a motorcoach services operator or a passenger of a motorcoach.

(3) Significant expense

For purposes of paragraph (2)(A), it shall not be considered a significant expense—

(A) to modify or retrofit a motorcoach by installing a curtain or other screening protection if an employee requests such a curtain or other screening protection; or

(B) for an employee to use scheduled stop time to express breast milk.

(4) Definitions

In this subsection:

(A) Motorcoach; motorcoach services

The terms "motorcoach" and "motorcoach services" have the meanings given the terms in section 32702 of the Motorcoach Enhanced Safety Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 31136 note).

(B) Motorcoach services operator

The term "motorcoach services operator" means an entity that offers motorcoach services.

(g) Notification prior to commencement of action

(1) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (2), before commencing an action under section 216(b) of this title for a violation of subsection (a)(2), an employee shall—

(A) notify the employer of such employee of the failure to provide the place described in such subsection; and

(B) provide the employer with 10 days after such notification to come into compliance with such subsection with respect to the employee.

(2) Exceptions

Paragraph (1) shall not apply in a case in which—

(A) the employee has been discharged because the employee—

(i) has made a request for the break time or place described in subsection (a); or

(ii) has opposed any employer conduct related to this section; or

(B) the employer has indicated that the employer has no intention of providing the place described in subsection (a)(2).

(h) Interaction with State and Federal law

(1) Laws providing greater protection

Nothing in this section shall preempt a State law or municipal ordinance that provides greater protections to employees than the protections provided for under this section.

(2) No effect on title 49 preemption

This section shall have no effect on the preemption of a State law or municipal ordinance that is preempted under subtitle IV, V, or VII of title 49.

(June 25, 1938, ch. 676, §18D, as added Pub. L. 117–328, div. KK, §102(a)(2), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 6093.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Motorcoach Enhanced Safety Act of 2012, referred to in subsec. (f)(4)(A), is subtitle G of title II of div. C of Pub. L. 112–141, which is set out as a note under section 31136 of Title 49, Transportation.

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in subsecs. (a) to (c) of this section were contained in section 207(r) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 117–328, §102(a)(1).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on Dec. 29, 2022, see section 103(a) of div. KK of Pub. L. 117–328, set out as an Effective Date of 2022 Amendment note under section 207 of this title.

Delayed Application of Law to Employees of Rail Carriers

Pub. L. 117–328, div. KK, §103(d), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 6096, provided that:

"(1) In general.—Section 18D of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 218d] (as added by section 102(a)) shall not apply to employees who are members of a train crew involved in the movement of a locomotive or rolling stock or who are employees who maintain the right of way of an employer that is a rail carrier until the date that is 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 2022].

"(2) Definitions.—In this subsection:

"(A) Employee; employer.—The terms 'employee' and 'employer' have the meanings given such terms in section 3 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203).

"(B) Employees [sic] who maintains the right of way; rail carrier; train crew.—The terms 'employee who maintains the right of way', 'rail carrier', and 'train crew' have the meanings given such terms in section 18D(e)(4) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 218d(e)(4)], as added by section 102(a)."

Delayed Application of Law to Employees of Motorcoach Services Operators

Pub. L. 117–328, div. KK, §103(e), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 6097, provided that:

"(1) In general.—Section 18D of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 218d] (as added by section 102(a)) shall not apply to employees who are involved in the movement of a motorcoach of an employer that is a motorcoach services operator until the date that is 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 2022].

"(2) Definitions.—In this subsection:

"(A) Employee; employer.—The terms 'employee' and 'employer' have the meanings given such terms in section 3 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203).

"(B) Motorcoach; motorcoach services operator.—The terms 'motorcoach' and 'motorcoach services operator' have the meanings given such terms in section 18D(f)(4) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 218d(f)(4)], as added by section 102(a)."

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a period.
29 U.S.C. § 188 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter IV: LIABILITIES OF AND RESTRICTIONS ON LABOR AND MANAGEMENT / Section 188: Repealed. Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 690, §4(3), 69 Stat. 625
Repealed. Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 690, §4(3), 69 Stat. 625
Status: repealed

Section, act June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title III, §305, 61 Stat. 160, forbade striking by Government employees, required discharge of striking employee and forfeiture of his civil-service status, and made him ineligible for employment for three years. See sections 3333 and 7311 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 1918 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
29 U.S.C. § 1601 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 19: JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter II: TRAINING SERVICES FOR THE DISADVANTAGED / Section 1601: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Status: repealed

Section 1601, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §201, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §201, Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1052, stated purpose of adult training program.

A prior section 1601, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §201, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1358, related to allotment of funds under adult and youth programs, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §201, title VII, §701(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1052, 1103, effective July 1, 1993.

Section 1602, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §202, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title VII, §701(c)(1), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1104, related to allotment and allocation.

A prior section 1602, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §202, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1359; Pub. L. 99–496, §§5(a), 6, Oct. 16, 1986, 100 Stat. 1262; Pub. L. 100–628, title VII, §713(a), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3255, related to allocation within States of funds under this subchapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §201, title VII, §701(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1052, 1103, effective July 1, 1993.

Section 1603, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §203, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §203, Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1055; amended Pub. L. 104–193, title I, §110(n)(5), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2174, related to eligibility for services.

A prior section 1603, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §203, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1360; Pub. L. 97–404, §2, Dec. 31, 1982, 96 Stat. 2026; Pub. L. 99–496, §7, Oct. 16, 1986, 100 Stat. 1263; Pub. L. 99–570, title XI, §11004(b), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–169, related to eligibility for training services for the disadvantaged, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §201, title VII, §701(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1052, 1103, effective July 1, 1993.

Section 1604, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §204, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §203, Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1055; amended Pub. L. 104–193, title I, §110(n)(6), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2174, related to program design.

A prior section 1604, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §204, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1361; Pub. L. 101–392, §5(a)(2), Sept. 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 758; Pub. L. 102–235, §8, Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1809, related to use of funds for training services for the disadvantaged, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §201, title VII, §701(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1052, 1103, effective July 1, 1993.

Section 1605, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §205, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §203, Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1060; amended Pub. L. 104–193, title I, §110(n)(7), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2174, related to linkages with other Federal programs.

A prior section 1605, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §205, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1362, related to exemplary youth programs, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §201, title VII, §701(a), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1052, 1103, effective July 1, 1993.

Section 1606, Pub. L. 97–300, title II, §206, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title II, §203, Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1061, related to transfer of funds.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 2000, see section 199(c)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 105–220, set out as a note under section 1501 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 175a (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter III: CONCILIATION OF LABOR DISPUTES; NATIONAL EMERGENCIES / Section 175a: Assistance to plant, area, and industrywide labor management committees
Assistance to plant, area, and industrywide labor management committees
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment and operation of plant, area, and industrywide committees

(1) The Service is authorized and directed to provide assistance in the establishment and operation of plant, area and industrywide labor management committees which—

(A) have been organized jointly by employers and labor organizations representing employees in that plant, area, or industry; and

(B) are established for the purpose of improving labor management relationships, job security, organizational effectiveness, enhancing economic development or involving workers in decisions affecting their jobs including improving communication with respect to subjects of mutual interest and concern.

(2) The Service is authorized and directed to enter into contracts and to make grants, where necessary or appropriate, to fulfill its responsibilities under this section.

(b) Restrictions on grants, contracts, or other assistance

(1) No grant may be made, no contract may be entered into and no other assistance may be provided under the provisions of this section to a plant labor management committee unless the employees in that plant are represented by a labor organization and there is in effect at that plant a collective bargaining agreement.

(2) No grant may be made, no contract may be entered into and no other assistance may be provided under the provisions of this section to an area or industrywide labor management committee unless its participants include any labor organizations certified or recognized as the representative of the employees of an employer participating in such committee. Nothing in this clause shall prohibit participation in an area or industrywide committee by an employer whose employees are not represented by a labor organization.

(3) No grant may be made under the provisions of this section to any labor management committee which the Service finds to have as one of its purposes the discouragement of the exercise of rights contained in section 157 of this title, or the interference with collective bargaining in any plant, or industry.

(c) Establishment of office

The Service shall carry out the provisions of this section through an office established for that purpose.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the provisions of this section $10,000,000 for the fiscal year 1979, and such sums as may be necessary thereafter.

(June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title II, §205A, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §6(c)(2), Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2020.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of section 6 of Pub. L. 95–524 as the Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978, see Short Title of 1978 Amendment note set out under section 141 of this title.

Congressional Statement of Purpose

Pub. L. 95–524, §6(b), Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2020, provided that: "It is the purpose of this section [enacting this section and amending sections 173 and 186 of this title]—

"(1) to improve communication between representatives of labor and management;

"(2) to provide workers and employers with opportunities to study and explore new and innovative joint approaches to achieving organizational effectiveness;

"(3) to assist workers and employers in solving problems of mutual concern not susceptible to resolution within the collective bargaining process;

"(4) to study and explore ways of eliminating potential problems which reduce the competitiveness and inhibit the economic development of the plant, area or industry;

"(5) to enhance the involvement of workers in making decisions that affect their working lives;

"(6) to expand and improve working relationships between workers and managers; and

"(7) to encourage free collective bargaining by establishing continuing mechanisms for communication between employers and their employees through Federal assistance to the formation and operation of labor management committees."

Applicability to Collective Bargaining Agreements

Pub. L. 95–524, §6(e), Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2021, provided that: "Nothing in this section or the amendments made by this section [enacting this section, amending sections 173 and 186 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall affect the terms and conditions of any collective bargaining agreement whether in effect prior to or entered into after the date of enactment of this section [Oct. 27, 1978]."
29 U.S.C. § 529 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter VII: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 529: Prohibition on certain discipline by labor organization
Prohibition on certain discipline by labor organization
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any labor organization, or any officer, agent, shop steward, or other representative of a labor organization, or any employee thereof to fine, suspend, expel, or otherwise discipline any of its members for exercising any right to which he is entitled under the provisions of this chapter. The provisions of section 412 of this title shall be applicable in the enforcement of this section.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title VI, §609, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 541.)
29 U.S.C. § 105 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 105: Doing in concert of certain acts as constituting unlawful combination or conspiracy subjecting person to injunctive remedies
Doing in concert of certain acts as constituting unlawful combination or conspiracy subjecting person to injunctive remedies
Status: in_force

No court of the United States shall have jurisdiction to issue a restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction upon the ground that any of the persons participating or interested in a labor dispute constitute or are engaged in an unlawful combination or conspiracy because of the doing in concert of the acts enumerated in section 104 of this title.

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §5, 47 Stat. 71.)
29 U.S.C. § 625 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 14: AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT / Section 625: Administration
Administration
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall have the power—

(a) Delegation of functions; appointment of personnel; technical assistance

to make delegations, to appoint such agents and employees, and to pay for technical assistance on a fee for service basis, as he deems necessary to assist him in the performance of his functions under this chapter;

(b) Cooperation with other agencies, employers, labor organizations, and employment agencies

to cooperate with regional, State, local, and other agencies, and to cooperate with and furnish technical assistance to employers, labor organizations, and employment agencies to aid in effectuating the purposes of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 90–202, §6, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 604.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions relating to age discrimination administration and enforcement vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, §2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.
29 U.S.C. § 252 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 9: PORTAL-TO-PORTAL PAY / Section 252: Relief from certain existing claims under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, the Walsh-Healey Act, and the Bacon-Davis Act
Relief from certain existing claims under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, the Walsh-Healey Act, and the Bacon-Davis Act
Status: in_force

(a) Liability of employer

No employer shall be subject to any liability or punishment under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.] the Walsh-Healey Act, or the Bacon-Davis Act 1 (in any action or proceeding commenced prior to or on or after May 14, 1947), on account of the failure of such employer to pay an employee minimum wages, or to pay an employee overtime compensation, for or on account of any activity of an employee engaged in prior to May 14, 1947, except an activity which was compensable by either—

(1) an express provision of a written or nonwritten contract in effect, at the time of such activity, between such employee, his agent, or collective-bargaining representative and his employer; or

(2) a custom or practice in effect, at the time of such activity, at the establishment or other place where such employee was employed, covering such activity, not inconsistent with a written or nonwritten contract, in effect at the time of such activity, between such employee, his agent, or collective-bargaining representative and his employer.

(b) Compensable activity

For the purposes of subsection (a), an activity shall be considered as compensable under such contract provision or such custom or practice only when it was engaged in during the portion of the day with respect to which it was so made compensable.

(c) Time of employment

In the application of the minimum wage and overtime compensation provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], of the Walsh-Healey Act, or of the Bacon-Davis Act,1 in determining the time for which an employer employed an employee there shall be counted all that time, but only that time, during which the employee engaged in activities which were compensable within the meaning of subsections (a) and (b) of this section.

(d) Jurisdiction

No court of the United States, of any State, Territory, or possession of the United States, or of the District of Columbia, shall have jurisdiction of any action or proceeding, whether instituted prior to or on or after May 14, 1947, to enforce liability or impose punishment for or on account of the failure of the employer to pay minimum wages or overtime compensation under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], under the Walsh-Healey Act, or under the Bacon-Davis Act,1 to the extent that such action or proceeding seeks to enforce any liability or impose any punishment with respect to an activity which was not compensable under subsections (a) and (b) of this section.

(e) Assignment of actions

No cause of action based on unpaid minimum wages, unpaid overtime compensation, or liquidated damages, under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], the Walsh-Healey Act, or the Bacon-Davis Act,1 which accrued prior to May 14, 1947, or any interest in such cause of action, shall hereafter be assignable, in whole or in part, to the extent that such cause of action is based on an activity which was not compensable within the meaning of subsections (a) and (b).

(May 14, 1947, ch. 52, §2, 61 Stat. 85.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, referred to in subsecs. (a), (c) to (e), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 676, 52 Stat. 1060, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§201 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 201 of this title and Tables.

The Walsh-Healey and Bacon-Davis Acts, referred to in subsecs. (a), (c) to (e), are defined for purposes of this chapter in section 262 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
29 U.S.C. § 527 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter VII: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 527: Cooperation with other agencies and departments
Cooperation with other agencies and departments
Status: in_force

In order to avoid unnecessary expense and duplication of functions among Government agencies, the Secretary may make such arrangements or agreements for cooperation or mutual assistance in the performance of his functions under this chapter and the functions of any such agency as he may find to be practicable and consistent with law. The Secretary may utilize the facilities or services of any department, agency, or establishment of the United States or of any State or political subdivision of a State, including the services of any of its employees, with the lawful consent of such department, agency, or establishment; and each department, agency, or establishment of the United States is authorized and directed to cooperate with the Secretary and, to the extent permitted by law, to provide such information and facilities as he may request for his assistance in the performance of his functions under this chapter. The Attorney General or his representative shall receive from the Secretary for appropriate action such evidence developed in the performance of his functions under this chapter as may be found to warrant consideration for criminal prosecution under the provisions of this chapter or other Federal law.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title VI, §607, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 540.)
29 U.S.C. § 1872 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 20: MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1872: Transition provision
Transition provision
Status: in_force

The Secretary may deny a certificate of registration to any farm labor contractor, as defined in this chapter, who has a judgment outstanding against him under the Farm Labor Contractor Registration Act of 1963 (7 U.S.C. 2041 et seq.), or is subject to a final order of the Secretary under that Act assessing a civil money penalty which has not been paid. Any findings under the Farm Labor Contractor Registration Act of 1963 may also be applicable to determinations of willful and knowing violations under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 97–470, title V, §522, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2599.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Farm Labor Contractor Registration Act of 1963, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 88–582, Sept. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 920, which was classified generally to chapter 52 (§2041 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture, and was repealed by Pub. L. 97–470, title V, §523, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2600. See section 1801 et seq. of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 90 days from Jan. 14, 1983, see section 524 of Pub. L. 97–470, set out as a note under section 1801 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 3 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 1: LABOR STATISTICS / Subchapter I: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS / Section 3: Commissioner; appointment and tenure of office; compensation
Commissioner; appointment and tenure of office; compensation
Status: in_force

The Bureau of Labor Statistics shall be under the charge of a Commissioner of Labor Statistics, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; he shall hold his office for four years, unless sooner removed, and shall receive a salary.

(June 27, 1884, ch. 127, 23 Stat. 60; June 13, 1888, ch. 389, §2, 25 Stat. 182; Mar. 18, 1904, ch. 716, 33 Stat. 136; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §3, 37 Stat. 737.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Act June 13, 1888, raised salary from $3,000 to $5,000 per annum.

Act Mar. 18, 1904, changed name of Department of Labor to Bureau of Labor.

Act Mar. 4, 1913, authorized the substitution of "Commissioner of Labor Statistics" and "Bureau of Labor Statistics" for "Commissioner of Labor" and "Bureau of Labor", respectively.

Words "of five thousand dollars per annum" at end of section were omitted as superseded by the Classification Acts. See sections 5101 et seq. and 5331 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of other officers, employees, and agencies of Department of Labor, with certain exceptions, to Secretary of Labor, with power to delegate, see Reorg. Plan No. 6 of 1950, §§1, 2, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
29 U.S.C. § 677 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 15: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH / Section 677: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this chapter, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, shall be held invalid, the remainder of this chapter, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 91–596, §32, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1619.)
29 U.S.C. § 1152 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RIGHTS / Section 1152: Coordination of enforcement regarding violations of certain health care provider requirements; complaint process
Coordination of enforcement regarding violations of certain health care provider requirements; complaint process
Status: in_force

(a) Investigating violations

Upon receiving a notice from a State or the Secretary of Health and Human Services of violations of sections 300gg–131, 300gg–132, or 300gg–135 of title 42, the Secretary of Labor shall identify patterns of such violations with respect to participants or beneficiaries under a group health plan or group health insurance coverage offered by a health insurance issuer and conduct an investigation pursuant to section 1134 of this title where appropriate, as determined by the Secretary. The Secretary shall coordinate with States and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in accordance with section 1136 of this title and with section 104 of Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, where appropriate, as determined by the Secretary, to ensure that appropriate measures have been taken to correct such violations retrospectively and prospectively with respect to participants or beneficiaries under a group health plan or group health insurance coverage offered by a health insurance issuer.

(b) Complaint process

 Not later than January 1, 2022, the Secretary shall ensure a process under which the Secretary—

(1) may receive complaints from participants and beneficiaries of group health plans or group health insurance coverage offered by a health insurance issuer relating to alleged violations of the sections specified in subsection (a); and

(2) transmits such complaints to States or the Secretary of Health and Human Services (as determined appropriate by the Secretary) for potential enforcement actions.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §522, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. BB, title I, §104(b)(1), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2830.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 104 of Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 104 of Pub. L. 104–191, which is set out as a note under section 300gg–92 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
29 U.S.C. § 1908 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 21: HELEN KELLER NATIONAL CENTER FOR YOUTHS AND ADULTS WHO ARE DEAF-BLIND / Section 1908: Registry
Registry
Status: in_force

(a) In general

To assist the Center in providing services to individuals who are deaf-blind, the Center may establish and maintain registries of such individuals in each of the regional field offices of the network of the Center.

(b) Voluntary provision of information

No individual who is deaf-blind may be required to provide information to the Center for any purpose with respect to a registry established under subsection (a).

(c) Nondisclosure

The Center (including the network of the Center) may not disclose information contained in a registry established under subsection (a) to any individual or organization that is not affiliated with the Center, unless the individual to whom the information relates provides specific written authorization for the Center to disclose the information.

(d) Privacy rights

The requirements of section 552a of title 5 (commonly known as the "Privacy Act of 1974") shall apply to personally identifiable information contained in the registries established by the Center under subsection (a), in the same manner and to the same extent as such requirements apply to a record of an agency.

(e) Removal of information

On the request of an individual, the Center shall remove all information relating to the individual from any registry established under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 98–221, title II, §209, as added Pub. L. 105–220, title IV, §412(c), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1241.)
29 U.S.C. § 114 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 114: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this chapter or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, the remaining provisions of this chapter and the application of such provisions to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §14, 47 Stat. 73.)
29 U.S.C. § 109 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 109: Granting of restraining order or injunction as dependent on previous findings of fact; limitation on prohibitions included in restraining orders and injunctions
Granting of restraining order or injunction as dependent on previous findings of fact; limitation on prohibitions included in restraining orders and injunctions
Status: in_force

No restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction shall be granted in a case involving or growing out of a labor dispute, except on the basis of findings of fact made and filed by the court in the record of the case prior to the issuance of such restraining order or injunction; and every restraining order or injunction granted in a case involving or growing out of a labor dispute shall include only a prohibition of such specific act or acts as may be expressly complained of in the bill of complaint or petition filed in such case and as shall be expressly included in said findings of fact made and filed by the court as provided in this chapter.

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §9, 47 Stat. 72.)
29 U.S.C. § 166 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter II: NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS / Section 166: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this subchapter, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstances, shall be held invalid, the remainder of this subchapter, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.

(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, §16, 49 Stat. 457; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, §101, 61 Stat. 151.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1947—Act June 23, 1947, amended section generally by inserting new subject matter which was formerly covered by section 165 of this title. Section formerly referred to short title of chapter, see section 167 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1947 Amendment

For effective date of amendment by act June 23, 1947, see section 104 of act June 23, 1947, set out as a note under section 151 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 728 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 16: VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND OTHER REHABILITATION SERVICES / Subchapter I: VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION SERVICES / Section 728: Expenditure of certain amounts
Expenditure of certain amounts
Status: in_force

(a) Expenditure

Amounts described in subsection (b) may not be expended by a State for any purpose other than carrying out programs for which the State receives financial assistance under this subchapter, under subchapter VI, or under subchapter VII.

(b) Amounts

The amounts referred to in subsection (a) are amounts provided to a State under the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) as reimbursement for the expenditure of payments received by the State from allotments under section 730 of this title.

(Pub. L. 93–112, title I, §108, as added Pub. L. 105–220, title IV, §404, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1160; amended Pub. L. 113–128, title IV, §417(b), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1655.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, which is classified generally to chapter 7 (§301 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 728, Pub. L. 93–112, title I, §108, as added Pub. L. 102–569, title I, §129(a), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4389, related to expenditure of certain amounts, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–220.

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–128 substituted "under subchapter VI" for "under part B of subchapter VI".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions of Terms in Pub. L. 113–128

Except as otherwise provided, definitions in section 3 of Pub. L. 113–128, which is classified to section 3102 of this title, apply to this section.
29 U.S.C. § 796c (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 16: VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND OTHER REHABILITATION SERVICES / Subchapter VII: INDEPENDENT LIVING SERVICES AND CENTERS FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING / Section 796c: State plan
State plan
Status: in_force

(a) In general

(1) Requirement

To be eligible to receive financial assistance under this part, a State shall submit to the Administrator, and obtain approval of, a State plan developed and signed in accordance with paragraph (2), containing such provisions as the Administrator may require, including, at a minimum, the provisions required in this section.

(2) Joint development

The plan under paragraph (1) shall be jointly—

(A) developed by the chairperson of the Statewide Independent Living Council, and the directors of the centers for independent living in the State, after receiving public input from individuals with disabilities and other stakeholders throughout the State; and

(B) signed by—

(i) the chairperson of the Statewide Independent Living Council, acting on behalf of and at the direction of the Council;

(ii) the director of the designated State entity described in subsection (c); and

(iii) not less than 51 percent of the directors of the centers for independent living in the State.

(3) Periodic review and revision

The plan shall provide for the review and revision of the plan, not less than once every 3 years, to ensure the existence of appropriate planning, financial support and coordination, and other assistance to appropriately address, on a statewide and comprehensive basis, needs in the State for—

(A) the provision of independent living services in the State;

(B) the development and support of a statewide network of centers for independent living; and

(C) working relationships and collaboration between—

(i) centers for independent living; and

(ii)(I) entities carrying out programs that provide independent living services, including those serving older individuals;

(II) other community-based organizations that provide or coordinate the provision of housing, transportation, employment, information and referral assistance, services, and supports for individuals with significant disabilities; and

(III) entities carrying out other programs providing services for individuals with disabilities.

(4) Date of submission

The State shall submit the plan to the Administrator 90 days before the completion date of the preceding plan. If a State fails to submit such a plan that complies with the requirements of this section, the Administrator may withhold financial assistance under this part until such time as the State submits such a plan.

(5) Statewideness

The State plan shall describe strategies for providing independent living services on a statewide basis, to the greatest extent possible.

(b) Statewide Independent Living Council

The plan shall provide for the establishment of a Statewide Independent Living Council in accordance with section 796d of this title.

(c) Designation of State entity

The plan shall designate a State entity of such State (referred to in this subchapter as the "designated State entity") as the agency that, on behalf of the State, shall—

(1) receive, account for, and disburse funds received by the State under this part based on the plan;

(2) provide administrative support services for a program under subpart 2, and a program under subpart 3 in a case in which the program is administered by the State under section 796f–2 of this title;

(3) keep such records and afford such access to such records as the Administrator finds to be necessary with respect to the programs;

(4) submit such additional information or provide such assurances as the Administrator may require with respect to the programs; and

(5) retain not more than 5 percent of the funds received by the State for any fiscal year under subpart 2, for the performance of the services outlined in paragraphs (1) through (4).

(d) Objectives

The plan shall—

(1) specify the objectives to be achieved under the plan and establish timelines for the achievement of the objectives; and

(2) explain how such objectives are consistent with and further the purpose of this part.

(e) Independent living services

The plan shall provide that the State will provide independent living services under this part to individuals with significant disabilities, and will provide the services to such an individual in accordance with an independent living plan mutually agreed upon by an appropriate staff member of the service provider and the individual, unless the individual signs a waiver stating that such a plan is unnecessary.

(f) Scope and arrangements

The plan shall describe the extent and scope of independent living services to be provided under this part to meet such objectives. If the State makes arrangements, by grant or contract, for providing such services, such arrangements shall be described in the plan.

(g) Network

The plan shall set forth a design for the establishment of a statewide network of centers for independent living that comply with the standards and assurances set forth in section 796f–4 of this title.

(h) Centers

In States in which State funding for centers for independent living equals or exceeds the amount of funds allotted to the State under subpart 3, as provided in section 796f–2 of this title, the plan shall include policies, practices, and procedures governing the awarding of grants to centers for independent living and oversight of such centers consistent with section 796f–2 of this title.

(i) Cooperation, coordination, and working relationships among various entities

The plan shall set forth the steps that will be taken to maximize the cooperation, coordination, and working relationships among—

(1) the Statewide Independent Living Council;

(2) centers for independent living;

(3) the designated State entity; and

(4) other State agencies or entities represented on the Council, other councils that address the needs and issues of specific disability populations, and other public and private entities determined to be appropriate by the Council.

(j) Coordination of services

The plan shall describe how services funded under this part will be coordinated with, and complement, other services, in order to avoid unnecessary duplication with other Federal, State, and local programs.

(k) Coordination between Federal and State sources

The plan shall describe efforts to coordinate Federal and State funding for centers for independent living and independent living services.

(l) Outreach

With respect to services and centers funded under this part, the plan shall set forth steps to be taken regarding outreach to populations that are unserved or underserved by programs under this subchapter, including minority groups and urban and rural populations.

(m) Requirements

The plan shall provide satisfactory assurances that all recipients of financial assistance under this part will—

(1) notify all individuals seeking or receiving services under this part about the availability of the client assistance program under section 732 of this title, the purposes of the services provided under such program, and how to contact such program;

(2) take affirmative action to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities on the same terms and conditions required with respect to the employment of such individuals under the provisions of section 793 of this title;

(3) adopt such fiscal control and fund accounting procedures as may be necessary to ensure the proper disbursement of and accounting for funds paid to the State under this part;

(4)(A) maintain records that fully disclose—

(i) the amount and disposition by such recipient of the proceeds of such financial assistance;

(ii) the total cost of the project or undertaking in connection with which such financial assistance is given or used; and

(iii) the amount of that portion of the cost of the project or undertaking supplied by other sources;

(B) maintain such other records as the Administrator determines to be appropriate to facilitate an effective audit;

(C) afford such access to records maintained under subparagraphs (A) and (B) as the Administrator determines to be appropriate; and

(D) submit such reports with respect to such records as the Administrator determines to be appropriate;

(5) provide access to the Administrator and the Comptroller General or any of their duly authorized representatives, for the purpose of conducting audits and examinations, of any books, documents, papers, and records of the recipients that are pertinent to the financial assistance received under this part; and

(6) provide for public hearings regarding the contents of the plan during both the formulation and review of the plan.

(n) Evaluation

The plan shall establish a method for the periodic evaluation of the effectiveness of the plan in meeting the objectives established in subsection (d), including evaluation of satisfaction by individuals with disabilities.

(o) Promoting full access to community life

The plan shall describe how the State will provide independent living services described in section 705(18) of this title that promote full access to community life for individuals with significant disabilities.

(Pub. L. 93–112, title VII, §704, as added Pub. L. 105–220, title IV, §410, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1218; amended Pub. L. 113–128, title IV, §474, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1686.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 796c, Pub. L. 93–112, title VII, §704, as added Pub. L. 102–569, title VII, §701(2), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4444; amended Pub. L. 103–73, title I, §114(b), Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 728, related to State plans, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–220.

Another prior section 796c, Pub. L. 93–112, title VII, §704, as added Pub. L. 95–602, title III, §301, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2997; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title II, §208(c), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3314, related to payments to States from allotments to pay Federal share of expenditures, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–569, §701(1).

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(1)(A), substituted "Administrator" for "Commissioner" in two places and inserted "developed and signed in accordance with paragraph (2)," after "State plan".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(1)(B), struck out "developed and signed by" after "jointly" in introductory provisions, added subpars. (A) and (B), and struck out former subpars. (A) and (B) which read as follows:

"(A) the director of the designated State unit; and

"(B) the chairperson of the Statewide Independent Living Council, acting on behalf of and at the direction of the Council."

Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(1)(C)(i), substituted "independent living services in the State" for "State independent living services".

Subsec. (a)(3)(C). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(1)(C)(ii), added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows:

"(C) working relationships between—

"(i) programs providing independent living services and independent living centers; and

"(ii) the vocational rehabilitation program established under subchapter I of this chapter, and other programs providing services for individuals with disabilities."

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(1)(D), substituted "Administrator" for "Commissioner" in two places.

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(1)(E), added par. (5).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(2)(A), (B), substituted "entity" for "unit" in heading and "a State entity of such State (referred to in this subchapter as the 'designated State entity')" for "the designated State unit of such State" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(3), (4). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(2)(C), substituted "Administrator" for "Commissioner".

Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(2)(D)–(F), added par. (5).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(3), added pars. (1) to (4) and struck out former pars. (1) and (2) which read as follows:

"(1) the independent living rehabilitation service program, the Statewide Independent Living Council, and centers for independent living; and

"(2) the designated State unit, other State agencies represented on such Council, other councils that address the needs of specific disability populations and issues, and other public and private entities determined to be appropriate by the Council."

Subsec. (m)(4), (5). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(4), substituted "Administrator" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (o). Pub. L. 113–128, §474(5), added subsec. (o).
29 U.S.C. § 522 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter VII: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 522: Extortionate picketing; penalty for violation
Extortionate picketing; penalty for violation
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful to carry on picketing on or about the premises of any employer for the purpose of, or as part of any conspiracy or in furtherance of any plan or purpose for, the personal profit or enrichment of any individual (except a bona fide increase in wages or other employee benefits) by taking or obtaining any money or other thing of value from such employer against his will or with his consent.

(b) Any person who willfully violates this section shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title VI, §602, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 539.)
29 U.S.C. § 168 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter II: NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS / Section 168: Validation of certificates and other Board actions
Validation of certificates and other Board actions
Status: in_force

No petition entertained, no investigation made, no election held, and no certification issued by the National Labor Relations Board, under any of the provisions of section 159 of this title, shall be invalid by reason of the failure of the Congress of Industrial Organizations to have complied with the requirements of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title prior to December 22, 1949, or by reason of the failure of the American Federation of Labor to have complied with the provisions of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title prior to November 7, 1947: Provided, That no liability shall be imposed under any provision of this chapter upon any person for failure to honor any election or certificate referred to above, prior to October 22, 1951: Provided, however, That this proviso shall not have the effect of setting aside or in any way affecting judgments or decrees heretofore entered under section 160(e) or (f) of this title and which have become final.

(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, §18, as added Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 534, §1(a), 65 Stat. 601.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 86–257, title II, §201(d), 73 Stat. 525. See section 431 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1143 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RIGHTS / Section 1143: Research, studies, and reports
Research, studies, and reports
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization to undertake research and surveys

(1) The Secretary is authorized to undertake research and surveys and in connection therewith to collect, compile, analyze and publish data, information, and statistics relating to employee benefit plans, including retirement, deferred compensation, and welfare plans, and types of plans not subject to this chapter.

(2) The Secretary is authorized and directed to undertake research studies relating to pension plans, including but not limited to (A) the effects of this subchapter upon the provisions and costs of pension plans, (B) the role of private pensions in meeting the economic security needs of the Nation, and (C) the operation of private pension plans including types and levels of benefits, degree of reciprocity or portability, and financial and actuarial characteristics and practices, and methods of encouraging the growth of the private pension system.

(3) The Secretary may, as he deems appropriate or necessary, undertake other studies relating to employee benefit plans, the matters regulated by this subchapter, and the enforcement procedures provided for under this subchapter.

(4) The research, surveys, studies, and publications referred to in this subsection may be conducted directly, or indirectly through grant or contract arrangements.

(b) Omitted

(c) Cooperation with Congress

The Secretary is authorized and directed to cooperate with the Congress and its appropriate committees, subcommittees, and staff in supplying data and any other information, and personnel and services, required by the Congress in any study, examination, or report by the Congress relating to pension benefit plans established or maintained by States or their political subdivisions.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §513, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 896.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 93–406, known as the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Titles I, III, and IV of such Act are classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Subsec. (b) of this section, which required the Secretary to submit annually a report to Congress on the administration of this subchapter, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 123 of House Document No. 103–7.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Regulations

Secretary authorized, effective Sept. 2, 1974, to promulgate regulations wherever provisions of this subchapter call for the promulgation of regulations, see section 1031 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2704 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 29: WORKERS TECHNOLOGY SKILL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2704: Grants
Grants
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Labor, after consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, shall, to the extent appropriations are available, award grants to eligible entities to carry out the purposes described in section 2702 of this title.

(b) Eligibility

To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, an entity shall—

(1) be a nonprofit organization, or a partnership consortium of such organizations;

(2) prepare and submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require, including a description of the activities that the entity will carry out using amounts received under the grant; and

(3) agree to make available (directly or through donations from public or private entities) non-Federal contributions toward the costs of the activities to be conducted with grant funds, in an amount equal to the amount required under subsection (d).

(c) Use of amounts

An entity shall use amounts received under a grant awarded under this section to carry out the purposes described in section 2702 of this title through activities such as—

(1) the provision of technical assistance to workers, worker organizations, employers, State economic development agencies, State industrial extension programs, Advanced Technology Centers, and National Manufacturing Technology Centers to identify advanced workplace practices and strategies that enhance the effective evaluation, selection, and implementation of advanced workplace technologies;

(2) the researching and identification of new and advanced workplace technologies, and advanced workplace practices that promote the improvement of workers' skills, wages, working conditions, and job security, that research the link between advanced workplace practices and long-term corporate performance, and which are consistent with the needs of local communities and the need for a healthy environment; and

(3) the development and dissemination of training programs and materials to be used for and by workers, worker organizations, employers, State economic development agencies, State industrial extension programs, Advanced Technology Centers, and National Manufacturing Technology Centers relating to the activities and services provided pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2), and regarding successful practices including practices which address labor-management cooperation and the involvement of workers in the design, development, and implementation of workplace practices and technologies.

(d) Terms of grants and non-Federal shares

(1) Terms

Grants awarded under this section shall be for a term not to exceed six years.

(2) Non-Federal share

Amounts required to be contributed by an entity under subsection (b)(3) shall equal—

(A) an amount equal to 15 percent of the amount provided under the grant in the first year for which the grant is awarded;

(B) an amount equal to 20 percent of the amount provided under the grant in the second year for which the grant is awarded;

(C) an amount equal to 33 percent of the amount provided under the grant in the third year for which the grant is awarded;

(D) an amount equal to 40 percent of the amount provided under the grant in the fourth year for which the grant is awarded; and

(E) an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount provided under the grant in the fifth and sixth years for which the grant is awarded.

(e) Evaluation

The Department shall develop mechanisms for evaluating the effectiveness of the use of a grant awarded under this section in carrying out the purposes under section 2702 of this title and, not later than two years after October 20, 1994, and every two years thereafter, prepare and submit a report to Congress concerning such evaluation.

(Pub. L. 103–382, title V, §545, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4053.)
29 U.S.C. § 465 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter IV: TRUSTEESHIPS / Section 465: Report to Congress
Report to Congress
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall submit to the Congress at the expiration of three years from September 14, 1959, a report upon the operation of this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title III, §305, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 532.)
29 U.S.C. § 3301 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 32: WORKFORCE INNOVATION AND OPPORTUNITY / Subchapter II: ADULT EDUCATION AND LITERACY / Section 3301: State administration
State administration
Status: in_force

Each eligible agency shall be responsible for the State or outlying area administration of activities under this subchapter, including—

(1) the development, implementation, and monitoring of the relevant components of the unified State plan in section 3112 of this title or the combined State plan in section 3113 of this title;

(2) consultation with other appropriate agencies, groups, and individuals that are involved in, or interested in, the development and implementation of activities assisted under this subchapter; and

(3) coordination and nonduplication with other Federal and State education, training, corrections, public housing, and social service programs.

(Pub. L. 113–128, title II, §221, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1614.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1397 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: PLAN TERMINATION INSURANCE / Section 1397: Application of part in case of certain pre-1980 withdrawals; adjustment of covered plan
Application of part in case of certain pre-1980 withdrawals; adjustment of covered plan
Status: in_force

(a) For the purpose of determining the amount of unfunded vested benefits allocable to an employer for a partial or complete withdrawal from a plan which occurs after September 25, 1980, and for the purpose of determining whether there has been a partial withdrawal after such date, the amount of contributions, and the number of contribution base units, of such employer properly allocable—

(1) to work performed under a collective bargaining agreement for which there was a permanent cessation of the obligation to contribute before September 26, 1980, or

(2) to work performed at a facility at which all covered operations permanently ceased before September 26, 1980, or for which there was a permanent cessation of the obligation to contribute before that date,

shall not be taken into account.

(b) A plan may, in a manner not inconsistent with regulations, which shall be prescribed by the corporation, adjust the amount of unfunded vested benefits allocable to other employers under a plan maintained by an employer described in subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 93–406, title IV, §4217, as added Pub. L. 96–364, title I, §104(2), Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1235; amended Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title V, §558(b)(1)(A), (B), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 899.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–369, §558(b)(1)(A), (B), substituted "September 25, 1980" for "April 28, 1980" in provisions preceding par. (1) and "September 26, 1980" for "April 29, 1980" in pars. (1) and (2).
29 U.S.C. § 1591 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 19: JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter I: JOB TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE SYSTEM / Section 1591: Repealed. Pub. L. 102-367, title VII, §702(a)(10), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1112
Repealed. Pub. L. 102-367, title VII, §702(a)(10), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1112
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 97–300, title I, §181, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1354; Pub. L. 97–404, §1(i), Dec. 31, 1982, 96 Stat. 2026, related to transition between the Comprehensive Employment Training Act and this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1993, see section 701(a) of Pub. L. 102–367, formerly set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment; Transition Provisions note under section 1501 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 262 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 9: PORTAL-TO-PORTAL PAY / Section 262: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) When the terms "employer", "employee", and "wage" are used in this chapter in relation to the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], they shall have the same meaning as when used in such Act of 1938.

(b) When the term "employer" is used in this chapter in relation to the Walsh-Healey Act or Bacon-Davis Act 1 it shall mean the contractor or subcontractor covered by such Act.

(c) When the term "employee" is used in this chapter in relation to the Walsh-Healey Act or the Bacon-Davis Act 1 it shall mean any individual employed by the contractor or subcontractor covered by such Act in the performance of his contract or subcontract.

(d) The term "Wash-Healey Act" 2 means the Act entitled "An Act to provide conditions for the purchase of supplies and the making of contracts by the United States, and for other purposes", approved June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2036), as amended; 1 and the term "Bacon-Davis Act" means the Act entitled "An Act to amend the Act approved March 3, 1931, relating to the rate of wages for laborers and mechanics employed by contractors and subcontractors on public buildings", approved August 30, 1935 (49 Stat. 1011), as amended.1

(e) As used in section 255 of this title the term "State" means any State of the United States or the District of Columbia or any Territory or possession of the United States.

(May 14, 1947, ch. 52, §13, 61 Stat. 90.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, referred to in subsec. (a), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 676, 52 Stat. 1060, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§201 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 201 of this title and Tables.

The Walsh-Healey Act and the Act entitled "An Act to provide conditions for the purchase of supplies and the making of contracts by the United States, and for other purposes", approved June 30, 1936, referred to in subsecs. (b) to (d), are act June 30, 1936, ch. 881, 49 Stat. 2036, which was classified principally to sections 35 to 45 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was substantially repealed and restated as chapter 65 (§6501 et seq.) of Title 41, Public Contracts, by Pub. L. 111–350, §§3, 7(b), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3677, 3855. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1936 Act note set out under section 101 of Title 41 and Tables. For disposition of sections of former Title 41, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 41.

The "Bacon-Davis Act", as defined for purposes of this chapter in subsec. (d), is act Aug. 30, 1935, ch. 825, 49 Stat. 1011, which generally amended act Mar. 3, 1931, ch. 411, 46 Stat. 1494, popularly known as the "Davis-Bacon Act", and which was classified to sections 276a to 276a–6 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works. Sections 276a to 276a–6 of former Title 40 were repealed and reenacted as sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, by Pub. L. 107–217, §§1, 6(b), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1062, 1304.

1 See References in Text note below.

2 So in original. Probably should be "Walsh-Healey Act".
29 U.S.C. § 2705 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 29: WORKERS TECHNOLOGY SKILL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2705: Identification and dissemination of best practices
Identification and dissemination of best practices
Status: in_force

(a) In general

(1) Information

The Secretary, in cooperation and after consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, shall assist workers, worker organizations, and employers in successfully adopting advanced workplace technologies, and advanced workplace practices by identifying, collecting, and disseminating information on best workplace practices and workplace assessment tools, including—

(A) methods, techniques, and successful models of labor-management cooperation and of worker and worker organization participation in the development, evaluation, selection, and implementation of new and advanced workplace technologies, and advanced workplace practices;

(B) methods, techniques, and successful models for the design and implementation of new and advanced workplace practices;

(C) methods, techniques, and successful models for the design and implementation of advanced forms of work organization; and

(D) methods, techniques, and successful models for the assessment of worker skills and training needs relating to the effective development, evaluation, selection, and implementation of advanced workplace technologies, and advanced workplace practices.

(2) Contents

Such information on best workplace practices shall include—

(A) summaries and analyses of best practice cases;

(B) criteria for assessment of current workplace practices; and

(C) information on the best available education and training materials and services relating to the development, implementation, and operation of systems utilizing new and advanced workplace technologies, and advanced workplace practices.

(b) Distribution

The information and materials developed under this section shall be distributed through an appropriate entity designated by the Secretary of Commerce to the Regional Centers for the Transfer of Manufacturing Technology, to the Manufacturing Outreach Center, to other technology training entities, and directly to others as determined appropriate by the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Commerce.

(Pub. L. 103–382, title V, §546, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4055.)
29 U.S.C. § 521 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter VII: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 521: Investigations by Secretary; applicability of other laws
Investigations by Secretary; applicability of other laws
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary shall have power when he believes it necessary in order to determine whether any person has violated or is about to violate any provision of this chapter (except subchapter II of this chapter) to make an investigation and in connection therewith he may enter such places and inspect such records and accounts and question such persons as he may deem necessary to enable him to determine the facts relative thereto. The Secretary may report to interested persons or officials concerning the facts required to be shown in any report required by this chapter and concerning the reasons for failure or refusal to file such a report or any other matter which he deems to be appropriate as a result of such an investigation.

(b) For the purpose of any investigation provided for in this chapter, the provisions of sections 49 and 50 of title 15 (relating to the attendance of witnesses and the production of books, papers, and documents), are made applicable to the jurisdiction, powers, and duties of the Secretary or any officers designated by him.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title VI, §601, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 539.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The phrase "this chapter (except subchapter II of this chapter)", referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original "this Act (except title I or amendments made by this Act to other statutes)". "This chapter", referred to later in subsec. (a) and also in subsec. (b), was in the original "this Act". "This Act" is Pub. L. 86–257, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 519, as amended, known as the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, which enacted this chapter, amended sections 153, 158, 159, 160, 164, 186, and 187 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 153, 158, and 481 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 401 of this title and Tables.
29 U.S.C. § 440 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter III: REPORTING BY LABOR ORGANIZATIONS, OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS, AND EMPLOYERS / Section 440: Civil action for enforcement by Secretary; jurisdiction
Civil action for enforcement by Secretary; jurisdiction
Status: in_force

Whenever it shall appear that any person has violated or is about to violate any of the provisions of this subchapter, the Secretary may bring a civil action for such relief (including injunctions) as may be appropriate. Any such action may be brought in the district court of the United States where the violation occurred or, at the option of the parties, in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title II, §210, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 530.)
29 U.S.C. § 2a (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 1: LABOR STATISTICS / Subchapter I: BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS / Section 2a: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act Feb. 24, 1927, ch. 189, title IV, 44 Stat. 1222, which related to collection of statistical reports through local special agents, was from an appropriations act for the Departments of State, Justice, the Judiciary, and Departments of Commerce and Labor for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1928, and was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts.
29 U.S.C. § 879 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 17: COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAMS / Subchapter III: SPECIAL FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITIES / Section 879: Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Status: repealed

Section 879, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §311, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1968; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §508(h)(4), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 693; Pub. L. 96–583, §3(c), Dec. 23, 1980, 94 Stat. 3376, related to establishment of various employment and training research programs.

A prior section 311 of Pub. L. 93–203, title III, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 860; Pub. L. 94–444, §10, Oct. 1, 1976, 90 Stat. 1483, which related to establishment of a comprehensive program of manpower research, was classified to former section 881 of this title prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 880, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §312, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1970, provided for a labor market information and job bank program.

A prior section 312 of Pub. L. 93–203, title III, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 861, which related to development of a system of labor market information and establishment of a job bank program, was classified to former section 882 of this title prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 881, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §313, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1971, related to evaluation of all programs and activities under this chapter.

A prior section 881, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §311, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 860; Pub. L. 94–444, §10, Oct. 1, 1976, 90 Stat. 1483, related to establishment of a comprehensive program of manpower research, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

A prior section 313 of Pub. L. 93–203, title III, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 862, which related to an evaluation of the programs and activities conducted under this chapter, was classified to section 883 of this title prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 882, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §314, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1972; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §508(h)(5), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 693, provided for training and technical assistance with respect to programs under this chapter.

A prior section 882, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §312, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 861, related to development of a system of labor market information and establishment of a job bank program, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

A prior section 314 of Pub. L. 93–203, title III, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 863, which related to a continuous study with respect to the removal of artificial barriers to employment and advancement, was classified to former section 884 of this title prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Provisions similar to those comprising this section were contained in former section 885 of this title prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 883, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §315, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1972, related to National Occupational Information Coordinating Committee.

A prior section 883, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §313, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 862, related to evaluation of programs and activities conducted under this chapter, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

A prior section 315 of Pub. L. 93–203, title III, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 863, which related to training and technical assistance, was classified to former section 885 of this title prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 884, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §316, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1973, related to evaluation of a prime sponsor's employment and training services program and to the awarding of incentive grants to such sponsors.

A prior section 884, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §314, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 863, related to a continuous study with respect to the removal of artificial barriers to employment and advancement, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 885, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §317, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1973, related to voucher demonstration projects.

A prior section 885, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §315, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 863, related to training and technical assistance, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 886, Pub. L. 93–203, title III, §318, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1974, related to employment and training activities to stimulate local private economic development.
29 U.S.C. § 466 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter IV: TRUSTEESHIPS / Section 466: Additional rights and remedies; exclusive jurisdiction of district court; res judicata
Additional rights and remedies; exclusive jurisdiction of district court; res judicata
Status: in_force

The rights and remedies provided by this subchapter shall be in addition to any and all other rights and remedies at law or in equity: Provided, That upon the filing of a complaint by the Secretary the jurisdiction of the district court over such trusteeship shall be exclusive and the final judgment shall be res judicata.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title III, §306, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 532.)
29 U.S.C. § 633 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 14: AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT / Section 633: Federal-State relationship
Federal-State relationship
Status: in_force

(a) Federal action superseding State action

Nothing in this chapter shall affect the jurisdiction of any agency of any State performing like functions with regard to discriminatory employment practices on account of age except that upon commencement of action under this chapter such action shall supersede any State action.

(b) Limitation of Federal action upon commencement of State proceedings

In the case of an alleged unlawful practice occurring in a State which has a law prohibiting discrimination in employment because of age and establishing or authorizing a State authority to grant or seek relief from such discriminatory practice, no suit may be brought under section 626 of this title before the expiration of sixty days after proceedings have been commenced under the State law, unless such proceedings have been earlier terminated: Provided, That such sixty-day period shall be extended to one hundred and twenty days during the first year after the effective date of such State law. If any requirement for the commencement of such proceedings is imposed by a State authority other than a requirement of the filing of a written and signed statement of the facts upon which the proceeding is based, the proceeding shall be deemed to have been commenced for the purposes of this subsection at the time such statement is sent by registered mail to the appropriate State authority.

(Pub. L. 90–202, §14, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 607.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, §2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.
29 U.S.C. § 3303 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 32: WORKFORCE INNOVATION AND OPPORTUNITY / Subchapter II: ADULT EDUCATION AND LITERACY / Section 3303: State leadership activities
State leadership activities
Status: in_force

(a) Activities

(1) Required

Each eligible agency shall use funds made available under section 3302(a)(2) of this title for the following adult education and literacy activities to develop or enhance the adult education system of the State or outlying area:

(A) The alignment of adult education and literacy activities with other core programs and one-stop partners, including eligible providers, to implement the strategy identified in the unified State plan under section 3112 of this title or the combined State plan under section 3113 of this title, including the development of career pathways to provide access to employment and training services for individuals in adult education and literacy activities.

(B) The establishment or operation of high quality professional development programs to improve the instruction provided pursuant to local activities required under section 3321(b) of this title, including instruction incorporating the essential components of reading instruction as such components relate to adults, instruction related to the specific needs of adult learners, instruction provided by volunteers or by personnel of a State or outlying area, and dissemination of information about models and promising practices related to such programs.

(C) The provision of technical assistance to eligible providers of adult education and literacy activities receiving funds under this subchapter, including—

(i) the development and dissemination of instructional and programmatic practices based on the most rigorous or scientifically valid research available and appropriate, in reading, writing, speaking, mathematics, English language acquisition programs, distance education, and staff training;

(ii) the role of eligible providers as a one-stop partner to provide access to employment, education, and training services; and

(iii) assistance in the use of technology, including for staff training, to eligible providers, especially the use of technology to improve system efficiencies.

(D) The monitoring and evaluation of the quality of, and the improvement in, adult education and literacy activities and the dissemination of information about models and proven or promising practices within the State.

(2) Permissible activities

Each eligible agency may use funds made available under section 3302(a)(2) of this title for 1 or more of the following adult education and literacy activities:

(A) The support of State or regional networks of literacy resource centers.

(B) The development and implementation of technology applications, translation technology, or distance education, including professional development to support the use of instructional technology.

(C) Developing and disseminating curricula, including curricula incorporating the essential components of reading instruction as such components relate to adults.

(D) Developing content and models for integrated education and training and career pathways.

(E) The provision of assistance to eligible providers in developing and implementing programs that achieve the objectives of this subchapter and in measuring the progress of those programs in achieving such objectives, including meeting the State adjusted levels of performance described in section 3141(b)(3) of this title.

(F) The development and implementation of a system to assist in the transition from adult education to postsecondary education, including linkages with postsecondary educational institutions or institutions of higher education.

(G) Integration of literacy and English language instruction with occupational skill training, including promoting linkages with employers.

(H) Activities to promote workplace adult education and literacy activities.

(I) Identifying curriculum frameworks and aligning rigorous content standards that—

(i) specify what adult learners should know and be able to do in the areas of reading and language arts, mathematics, and English language acquisition; and

(ii) take into consideration the following:

(I) State adopted academic standards.

(II) The current adult skills and literacy assessments used in the State or outlying area.

(III) The primary indicators of performance described in section 3141 of this title.

(IV) Standards and academic requirements for enrollment in nonremedial, for-credit courses in postsecondary educational institutions or institutions of higher education supported by the State or outlying area.

(V) Where appropriate, the content of occupational and industry skill standards widely used by business and industry in the State or outlying area.

(J) Developing and piloting of strategies for improving teacher quality and retention.

(K) The development and implementation of programs and services to meet the needs of adult learners with learning disabilities or English language learners, which may include new and promising assessment tools and strategies that are based on scientifically valid research, where appropriate, and identify the needs and capture the gains of such students at the lowest achievement levels.

(L) Outreach to instructors, students, and employers.

(M) Other activities of statewide significance that promote the purpose of this subchapter.

(b) Collaboration

In carrying out this section, eligible agencies shall collaborate where possible, and avoid duplicating efforts, in order to maximize the impact of the activities described in subsection (a).

(c) State-imposed requirements

Whenever a State or outlying area implements any rule or policy relating to the administration or operation of a program authorized under this subchapter that has the effect of imposing a requirement that is not imposed under Federal law (including any rule or policy based on a State or outlying area interpretation of a Federal statute, regulation, or guideline), the State or outlying area shall identify, to eligible providers, the rule or policy as being imposed by the State or outlying area.

(Pub. L. 113–128, title II, §223, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1615.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1851 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 20: MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1851: Criminal sanctions
Criminal sanctions
Status: in_force

(a) Violations of chapter or regulations

Any person who willfully and knowingly violates this chapter or any regulation under this chapter shall be fined not more than $1,000 or sentenced to prison for a term not to exceed one year, or both. Upon conviction for any subsequent violation of this chapter or any regulation under this chapter, the defendant shall be fined not more than $10,000 or sentenced to prison for a term not to exceed three years, or both.

(b) Violations of section 1324a(a) of title 8

If a farm labor contractor who commits a violation of paragraph (1) or (2) of section 1324a(a) of title 8 has been refused issuance or renewal of, or has failed to obtain, a certificate of registration or is a farm labor contractor whose certificate has been suspended or revoked, the contractor shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $10,000 or sentenced to prison for a term not to exceed three years, or both.

(Pub. L. 97–470, title V, §501, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2596; Pub. L. 99–603, title I, §101(b)(1)(D), Nov. 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 3372.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–603 substituted "paragraph (1) or (2) of section 1324a(a) of title 8" for "section 1816 of this title".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–603 applicable to employment, recruitment, referral, or utilization of services of an individual occurring on or after first day of seventh month beginning after Nov. 6, 1986, see section 101(b)(2) of Pub. L. 99–603, as amended, set out as a note under section 1802 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective 90 days from Jan. 14, 1983, see section 524 of Pub. L. 97–470, set out as a note under section 1801 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1852 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 20: MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1852: Judicial enforcement
Judicial enforcement
Status: in_force

(a) Injunctive relief

The Secretary may petition any appropriate district court of the United States for temporary or permanent injunctive relief if the Secretary determines that this chapter, or any regulation under this chapter, has been violated.

(b) Control of civil litigation

Except as provided in section 518(a) of title 28, relating to litigation before the Supreme Court, the Solicitor of Labor may appear for and represent the Secretary in any civil litigation brought under this chapter, but all such litigation shall be subject to the direction and control of the Attorney General.

(Pub. L. 97–470, title V, §502, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2596.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 90 days from Jan. 14, 1983, see section 524 of Pub. L. 97–470, set out as a note under section 1801 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 180 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter III: CONCILIATION OF LABOR DISPUTES; NATIONAL EMERGENCIES / Section 180: Discharge of injunction upon certification of results of election or settlement; report to Congress
Discharge of injunction upon certification of results of election or settlement; report to Congress
Status: in_force

Upon the certification of the results of such ballot or upon a settlement being reached, whichever happens sooner, the Attorney General shall move the court to discharge the injunction, which motion shall then be granted and the injunction discharged. When such motion is granted, the President shall submit to the Congress a full and comprehensive report of the proceedings, including the findings of the board of inquiry and the ballot taken by the National Labor Relations Board, together with such recommendations as he may see fit to make for consideration and appropriate action.

(June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title II, §210, 61 Stat. 156.)
29 U.S.C. § 3051 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 31: ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES / Section 3051: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections, comprising subchapter III of this chapter, "Alternative Financing Mechanisms", were omitted in the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–364, §2, Oct. 25, 2004, 118 Stat. 1707.

Section 3051, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §301, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3657, related to the general authority of the Secretary.

Section 3052, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §302, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3657, related to the amount of grants.

Section 3053, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §303, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3658, related to grant applications and procedures.

Section 3054, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §304, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3659, related to contracts with community-based organizations.

Section 3055, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §305, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3660, related to grant administration requirements.

Section 3056, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §306, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3660, related to grant information and technical assistance.

Section 3057, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §307, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3660, related to annual reports.

Section 3058, Pub. L. 105–394, title III, §308, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3661, authorized appropriations.
29 U.S.C. § 733 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 16: VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND OTHER REHABILITATION SERVICES / Subchapter I: VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION SERVICES / Section 733: Provision of pre-employment transition services
Provision of pre-employment transition services
Status: in_force

(a) In general

From the funds reserved under section 730(d) of this title, and any funds made available from State, local, or private funding sources, each State shall ensure that the designated State unit, in collaboration with the local educational agencies involved, shall provide, or arrange for the provision of, pre-employment transition services for all students with disabilities in need of such services who are eligible or potentially eligible for services under this subchapter.

(b) Required activities

Funds available under subsection (a) shall be used to make available to students with disabilities described in subsection (a)—

(1) job exploration counseling;

(2) work-based learning experiences, which may include in-school or after school opportunities, or experience outside the traditional school setting (including internships), that is provided in an integrated environment to the maximum extent possible;

(3) counseling on opportunities for enrollment in comprehensive transition or postsecondary educational programs at institutions of higher education;

(4) workplace readiness training to develop social skills and independent living; and

(5) instruction in self-advocacy, which may include peer mentoring.

(c) Authorized activities

Funds available under subsection (a) and remaining after the provision of the required activities described in subsection (b) may be used to improve the transition of students with disabilities described in subsection (a) from school to postsecondary education or an employment outcome by—

(1) implementing effective strategies to increase the likelihood of independent living and inclusion in communities and competitive integrated workplaces;

(2) developing and improving strategies for individuals with intellectual disabilities and individuals with significant disabilities to live independently, participate in postsecondary education experiences, and obtain and retain competitive integrated employment;

(3) providing instruction to vocational rehabilitation counselors, school transition personnel, and other persons supporting students with disabilities;

(4) disseminating information about innovative, effective, and efficient approaches to achieve the goals of this section;

(5) coordinating activities with transition services provided by local educational agencies under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.);

(6) applying evidence-based findings to improve policy, procedure, practice, and the preparation of personnel, in order to better achieve the goals of this section;

(7) developing model transition demonstration projects;

(8) establishing or supporting multistate or regional partnerships involving States, local educational agencies, designated State units, developmental disability agencies, private businesses, or other participants to achieve the goals of this section; and

(9) disseminating information and strategies to improve the transition to postsecondary activities of individuals who are members of traditionally unserved populations.

(d) Pre-employment transition coordination

Each local office of a designated State unit shall carry out responsibilities consisting of—

(1) attending individualized education program meetings for students with disabilities, when invited;

(2) working with the local workforce development boards, one-stop centers, and employers to develop work opportunities for students with disabilities, including internships, summer employment and other employment opportunities available throughout the school year, and apprenticeships;

(3) work with schools, including those carrying out activities under section 614(d)(1)(A)(i)(VIII) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1414(d)(1)(A)(i)(VIII)), to coordinate and ensure the provision of pre-employment transition services under this section; and

(4) when invited, attend person-centered planning meetings for individuals receiving services under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.).

(e) National pre-employment transition coordination

The Secretary shall support designated State agencies providing services under this section, highlight best State practices, and consult with other Federal agencies to advance the goals of this section.

(f) Support

In carrying out this section, States shall address the transition needs of all students with disabilities, including such students with physical, sensory, intellectual, and mental health disabilities.

(Pub. L. 93–112, title I, §113, as added Pub. L. 113–128, title IV, §422, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1657.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(5), is title VI of Pub. L. 91–230, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 175, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1400 et seq.) of Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1400 of Title 20 and Tables.

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620. Title XIX of the Act is classified generally to subchapter XIX (§1396 et seq.) of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions of Terms in Pub. L. 113–128

Except as otherwise provided, definitions in section 3 of Pub. L. 113–128, which is classified to section 3102 of this title, apply to this section.
29 U.S.C. § 784 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 16: VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND OTHER REHABILITATION SERVICES / Subchapter IV: NATIONAL COUNCIL ON DISABILITY / Section 784: Administrative powers of National Council
Administrative powers of National Council
Status: in_force

(a) Bylaws and rules

The National Council may prescribe such bylaws and rules as may be necessary to carry out its duties under this subchapter.

(b) Hearings

The National Council may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as it deems advisable.

(c) Advisory committees

The National Council may appoint advisory committees to assist the National Council in carrying out its duties. The members thereof shall serve without compensation.

(d) Use of mails

The National Council may use the United States mails in the same manner and upon the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the United States.

(e) Use of services, personnel, information, and facilities

The National Council may use, with the consent of the agencies represented on the Interagency Disability Coordinating Council, and as authorized in subchapter V, such services, personnel, information, and facilities as may be needed to carry out its duties under this subchapter, with or without reimbursement to such agencies.

(Pub. L. 93–112, title IV, §404, as added Pub. L. 105–220, title IV, §407, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1201.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 784, Pub. L. 93–112, title IV, §404, as added Pub. L. 95–602, title I, §117, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2979; amended Pub. L. 102–569, title IV, §405, Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4423, related to administrative powers of National Council, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–220.

Another prior section 784, Pub. L. 93–112, title IV, §404, Sept. 26, 1973, 87 Stat. 387, directed Secretary to submit annual reports to the President and to Congress on activities carried out under this chapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 95–602, §117.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Advisory Committees

Advisory committees established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a committee established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. See section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
29 U.S.C. § 115 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 115: Repeal of conflicting acts
Repeal of conflicting acts
Status: in_force

All acts and parts of acts in conflict with the provisions of this chapter are repealed.

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §15, 47 Stat. 73.)
29 U.S.C. § 1029 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RIGHTS / Section 1029: Forms
Forms
Status: in_force

(a) Information required on forms

Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, the Secretary may require that any information required under this subchapter to be submitted to him, including but not limited to the information required to be filed by the administrator pursuant to section 1023(b)(3) and (c) of this title, must be submitted on such forms as he may prescribe.

(b) Information not required on forms

The financial statement and opinion required to be prepared by an independent qualified public accountant pursuant to section 1023(a)(3)(A) of this title, the actuarial statement required to be prepared by an enrolled actuary pursuant to section 1023(a)(4)(A) of this title and the summary plan description required by section 1022(a) of this title shall not be required to be submitted on forms.

(c) Format and content of summary plan description, annual report, etc., required to be furnished to plan participants and beneficiaries

The Secretary may prescribe the format and content of the summary plan description, the summary of the annual report described in section 1024(b)(3) of this title and any other report, statements or documents (other than the bargaining agreement, trust agreement, contract, or other instrument under which the plan is established or operated), which are required to be furnished or made available to plan participants and beneficiaries receiving benefits under the plan.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §109, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 850.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Regulations

Secretary authorized, effective Sept. 2, 1974, to promulgate regulations wherever provisions of this subchapter call for the promulgation of regulations, see section 1031 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1304a (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: PLAN TERMINATION INSURANCE / Section 1304a: Sponsor education and assistance
Sponsor education and assistance
Status: in_force

(a) Definition

In this section, the term "CSEC plan" has the meaning given that term in subsection (f)(1) of section 1060 of this title.

(b) Education

The Participant and Plan Sponsor Advocate established under section 1304 of this title shall make itself available to assist CSEC plan sponsors and participants as part of the duties it performs under the general supervision of the Board of Directors under section 1304(b) of this title.

(Pub. L. 113–97, title I, §105, Apr. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 1121.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Cooperative and Small Employer Charity Pension Flexibility Act, and not as part of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 2013, see section 3 of Pub. L. 113–97, set out as an Effective Date of 2014 Amendment note under section 401 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.
29 U.S.C. § 1812 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 20: MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION / Subchapter I: FARM LABOR CONTRACTORS / Section 1812: Issuance of certificate of registration
Issuance of certificate of registration
Status: in_force

The Secretary, after appropriate investigation and approval, shall issue a certificate of registration (including a certificate of registration as an employee of a farm labor contractor) to any person who has filed with the Secretary a written application containing the following:

(1) a declaration, subscribed and sworn to by the applicant, stating the applicant's permanent place of residence, the farm labor contracting activities for which the certificate is requested, and such other relevant information as the Secretary may require;

(2) a statement identifying each vehicle to be used to transport any migrant or seasonal agricultural worker and, if the vehicle is or will be owned or controlled by the applicant, documentation showing that the applicant is in compliance with the requirements of section 1841 of this title with respect to each such vehicle;

(3) a statement identifying each facility or real property to be used to house any migrant agricultural worker and, if the facility or real property is or will be owned or controlled by the applicant, documentation showing that the applicant is in compliance with section 1823 of this title with respect to each such facility or real property;

(4) a set of fingerprints of the applicant; and

(5) a declaration, subscribed and sworn to by the applicant, consenting to the designation by a court of the Secretary as an agent available to accept service of summons in any action against the applicant, if the applicant has left the jurisdiction in which the action is commenced or otherwise has become unavailable to accept service.

(Pub. L. 97–470, title I, §102, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2587.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 90 days from Jan. 14, 1983, see section 524 of Pub. L. 97–470, set out as a note under section 1801 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2636 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 28: FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE / Subchapter II: COMMISSION ON LEAVE / Section 2636: Termination
Termination
Status: in_force

The Commission shall terminate 30 days after the date of the submission of the report of the Commission to Congress.

(Pub. L. 103–3, title III, §306, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 25.)
29 U.S.C. § 951 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 17: COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAMS / Subchapter V: NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR EMPLOYMENT POLICY / Section 951: Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Status: repealed

Section 951, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §501, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2002, set out Congressional statement of purpose for establishment of a National Commission for Employment Policy.

A prior section 951, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §501, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 874, provided for Congressional findings and declaration of purpose with regard to National Commission for Manpower Policy, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 952, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §502, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2002; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §508(h)(7), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 693, related to establishment of National Commission for Employment Policy.

A prior section 952, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §502, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 874; Pub. L. 94–482, title II, §203(b)(1), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2214, related to establishment of National Commission for Manpower Policy, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 95–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 953, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §503, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2003, related to functions of National Commission for Employment Policy.

A prior section 953, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §503, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 875; Pub. L. 94–482, title II, §203(b)(2), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2214; Pub. L. 95–40, §1(28)(B), June 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 207, related to functions of National Commission for Manpower Policy, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 954, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §504, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2004, set out administrative provisions relating to powers of Chairman of the National Commission for Employment Policy.

A prior section 954, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §504, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 875, related to a study of utilization and interrelation of programs of manpower training with closely associated programs, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 955, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §505, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 2005, related to reports made by Commission to President, Congress, and Federal departments and agencies.

A prior section 955, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §505, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 875, related to reports to President and Congress, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Section 956, Pub. L. 93–203, title V, §506, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 876, related to a study by Secretary concerning the impact of energy shortages upon manpower needs, prior to the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Commission Authorized Until September 30, 1983

Commission established by former sections 951 to 955 of this title continued until Sept. 30, 1983, and on that date the personnel, property, and records of that Commission transferred by former section 1591(b) of this title to the Commission established by former section 1771 et seq. of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1814 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 20: MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION / Subchapter I: FARM LABOR CONTRACTORS / Section 1814: Transfer or assignment; expiration; renewal
Transfer or assignment; expiration; renewal
Status: in_force

(a) Transfer or assignment prohibited

A certificate of registration may not be transferred or assigned.

(b) Expiration; renewals

(1) Unless earlier suspended or revoked, a certificate shall expire twelve months from the date of issuance, except that (A) certificates issued under this chapter during the period beginning December 1, 1982, and ending November 30, 1983, may be issued for a period of up to twenty-four months for the purpose of an orderly transition to registration under this chapter, (B) a certificate may be temporarily extended by the filing of an application with the Secretary at least thirty days prior to its expiration date, and (C) the Secretary may renew a certificate for additional twelve-month periods or for periods in excess of twelve months but not in excess of twenty-four months.

(2) Eligibility for renewals for periods of more than twelve months shall be limited to farm labor contractors who have not been cited for a violation of this chapter, or any regulation under this chapter, or the Farm Labor Contractor Registration Act of 1963 [7 U.S.C. 2041 et seq.], or any regulation under such Act, during the preceding five years.

(Pub. L. 97–470, title I, §104, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2589.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Farm Labor Contractor Registration Act of 1963, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 88–582, Sept. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 920, which was classified generally to chapter 52 (§2041 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture, and was repealed by Pub. L. 97–470, title V, §523, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2600. See section 1801 et seq. of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 90 days from Jan. 14, 1983, see section 524 of Pub. L. 97–470, set out as a note under section 1801 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 108 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 108: Noncompliance with obligations involved in labor disputes or failure to settle by negotiation or arbitration as preventing injunctive relief
Noncompliance with obligations involved in labor disputes or failure to settle by negotiation or arbitration as preventing injunctive relief
Status: in_force

No restraining order or injunctive relief shall be granted to any complainant who has failed to comply with any obligation imposed by law which is involved in the labor dispute in question, or who has failed to make every reasonable effort to settle such dispute either by negotiation or with the aid of any available governmental machinery of mediation or voluntary arbitration.

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §8, 47 Stat. 72.)
29 U.S.C. § 1844 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 20: MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION / Subchapter IV: FURTHER PROTECTIONS FOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKERS / Section 1844: Compliance with written agreements
Compliance with written agreements
Status: in_force

(a) Applicability to contracting activity or worker protection

No farm labor contractor shall violate, without justification, the terms of any written agreements made with an agricultural employer or an agricultural association pertaining to any contracting activity or worker protection under this chapter.

(b) Statutory liability

Written agreements under this section do not relieve a person of any responsibility that such person would otherwise have under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 97–470, title IV, §404, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2596.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 90 days from Jan. 14, 1983, see section 524 of Pub. L. 97–470, set out as a note under section 1801 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1651 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 19: JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter III: EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ASSISTANCE FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS / Section 1651: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Status: repealed

Section 1651, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §301, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6302(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1524, defined terms.

A prior section 1651, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §301, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1364; Pub. L. 99–496, §10, Oct. 16, 1986, 100 Stat. 1264, related to allocation of funds, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 100–418.

Section 1652, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §302, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6302(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1525; amended Pub. L. 102–367, title I, §102(b), title VII, §702(a)(11), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1024, 1112, related to allotment.

A prior section 1652, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §302, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1365; Pub. L. 99–496, §11, Oct. 16, 1986, 100 Stat. 1264, related to identification of dislocated workers, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 100–418.

Section 1653, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §303, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6302(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1527, related to recapture and reallotment of unexpended funds.

Prior sections 1653 to 1658 were omitted in the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 100–418.

Section 1653, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §303, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1366, authorized activities under provisions of former subchapter.

Section 1654, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §304, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1366, related to matching requirements for funds.

Section 1655, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §305, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1367, related to program review.

Section 1656, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §306, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1367, related to consultation with labor organizations.

Section 1657, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §307, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1367, related to limitations on availability of funds.

Section 1658, Pub. L. 97–300, title III, §308, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1367; Pub. L. 97–404, §3, Dec. 31, 1982, 96 Stat. 2026, related to State plans and coordination with other programs.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 2000, see section 199(c)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 105–220, set out as a note under section 1501 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 254 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 9: PORTAL-TO-PORTAL PAY / Section 254: Relief from liability and punishment under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, the Walsh-Healey Act, and the Bacon-Davis Act for failure to pay minimum wage or overtime compensation
Relief from liability and punishment under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, the Walsh-Healey Act, and the Bacon-Davis Act for failure to pay minimum wage or overtime compensation
Status: in_force

(a) Activities not compensable

Except as provided in subsection (b), no employer shall be subject to any liability or punishment under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], the Walsh-Healey Act, or the Bacon-Davis Act,1 on account of the failure of such employer to pay an employee minimum wages, or to pay an employee overtime compensation, for or on account of any of the following activities of such employee engaged in on or after May 14, 1947—

(1) walking, riding, or traveling to and from the actual place of performance of the principal activity or activities which such employee is employed to perform, and

(2) activities which are preliminary to or postliminary to said principal activity or activities,

which occur either prior to the time on any particular workday at which such employee commences, or subsequent to the time on any particular workday at which he ceases, such principal activity or activities. For purposes of this subsection, the use of an employer's vehicle for travel by an employee and activities performed by an employee which are incidental to the use of such vehicle for commuting shall not be considered part of the employee's principal activities if the use of such vehicle for travel is within the normal commuting area for the employer's business or establishment and the use of the employer's vehicle is subject to an agreement on the part of the employer and the employee or representative of such employee.

(b) Compensability by contract or custom

Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) which relieve an employer from liability and punishment with respect to any activity, the employer shall not be so relieved if such activity is compensable by either—

(1) an express provision of a written or nonwritten contract in effect, at the time of such activity, between such employee, his agent, or collective-bargaining representative and his employer; or

(2) a custom or practice in effect, at the time of such activity, at the establishment or other place where such employee is employed, covering such activity, not inconsistent with a written or nonwritten contract, in effect at the time of such activity, between such employee, his agent, or collective-bargaining representative and his employer.

(c) Restriction on activities compensable under contract or custom

For the purposes of subsection (b), an activity shall be considered as compensable under such contract provision or such custom or practice only when it is engaged in during the portion of the day with respect to which it is so made compensable.

(d) Determination of time employed with respect to activities

In the application of the minimum wage and overtime compensation provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], of the Walsh-Healey Act, or of the Bacon-Davis Act,1 in determining the time for which an employer employs an employee with respect to walking, riding, traveling, or other preliminary or postliminary activities described in subsection (a) of this section, there shall be counted all that time, but only that time, during which the employee engages in any such activity which is compensable within the meaning of subsections (b) and (c) of this section.

(May 14, 1947, ch. 52, §4, 61 Stat. 86; Pub. L. 104–188, [title II], §2102, Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 1928.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 676, 52 Stat. 1060, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§201 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 201 of this title and Tables.

The Walsh-Healey and Bacon-Davis Acts, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d), are defined for purposes of this chapter in section 262 of this title.

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–188 in closing provisions inserted at end "For purposes of this subsection, the use of an employer's vehicle for travel by an employee and activities performed by an employee which are incidental to the use of such vehicle for commuting shall not be considered part of the employee's principal activities if the use of such vehicle for travel is within the normal commuting area for the employer's business or establishment and the use of the employer's vehicle is subject to an agreement on the part of the employer and the employee or representative of such employee."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Pub. L. 104–188, [title II], §2103, Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 1928, provided that: "The amendment made by section 2101 [probably means section 2102 of Pub. L. 104–188, amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 20, 1996] and shall apply in determining the application of section 4 of the Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947 [this section] to an employee in any civil action brought before such date of enactment but pending on such date."

1 See References in Text note below.
29 U.S.C. § 634 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 14: AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT / Section 634: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this chapter.

(Pub. L. 90–202, §17, formerly §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 608; renumbered and amended Pub. L. 93–259, §28(a)(5), (b)(1), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 74; Pub. L. 95–256, §7, Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 193.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1978—Pub. L. 95–256 struck out ", not in excess of $5,000,000 for any fiscal year," after "sums".

1974—Pub. L. 93–259, §28(a)(5), increased appropriations authorization to $5,000,000 from $3,000,000.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1974 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 93–259 effective May 1, 1974, see section 29(a) of Pub. L. 93–259, set out as a note under section 202 of this title.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions relating to age discrimination administration and enforcement vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, §2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.
29 U.S.C. § 853 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 17: COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAMS / Subchapter II: COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING SERVICES / Section 853: Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Status: repealed

Section 853, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §231, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1957, set out the Congressional statement of purpose for transitional employment opportunities for the economically disadvantaged.

Section 854, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §232, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1958, related to financial assistance to prime sponsors for transitional public service employment for economically disadvantaged persons who are unemployed.

Section 855, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §233, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1958; amended Pub. L. 96–583, §3(b), Dec. 23, 1980, 94 Stat. 3376, related to allocation of funds for carrying out of transitional employment opportunities for the economically disadvantaged.

Section 856, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §234, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1959, related to expenditure of funds by prime sponsors for purposes of transitional employment opportunities for economically disadvantaged.

Section 857, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §235, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1959, related to applicability of section 966 of this title to transitional employment opportunities for economically disadvantaged.

Section 858, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §236, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1959, related to eligibility for transitional employment opportunities for economically disadvantaged.

Section 859, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §237, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1960, related to payment of wages to economically disadvantaged individuals employed in transitional public service employment.
29 U.S.C. § 174 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter III: CONCILIATION OF LABOR DISPUTES; NATIONAL EMERGENCIES / Section 174: Co-equal obligations of employees, their representatives, and management to minimize labor disputes
Co-equal obligations of employees, their representatives, and management to minimize labor disputes
Status: in_force

(a) 1 In order to prevent or minimize interruptions of the free flow of commerce growing out of labor disputes, employers and employees and their representatives, in any industry affecting commerce, shall—

(1) exert every reasonable effort to make and maintain agreements concerning rates of pay, hours, and working conditions, including provision for adequate notice of any proposed change in the terms of such agreements;

(2) whenever a dispute arises over the terms or application of a collective-bargaining agreement and a conference is requested by a party or prospective party thereto, arrange promptly for such a conference to be held and endeavor in such conference to settle such dispute expeditiously; and

(3) in case such dispute is not settled by conference, participate fully and promptly in such meetings as may be undertaken by the Service under this chapter for the purpose of aiding in a settlement of the dispute.

(June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title II, §204, 61 Stat. 154.)

1 So in original. No subsec. (b) has been enacted.
29 U.S.C. § 3246 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 32: WORKFORCE INNOVATION AND OPPORTUNITY / Subchapter I: WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES / Section 3246: Administrative adjudication
Administrative adjudication
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Whenever any applicant for financial assistance under this subchapter is dissatisfied because the Secretary has made a determination not to award financial assistance in whole or in part to such applicant, the applicant may request a hearing before an administrative law judge of the Department of Labor. A similar hearing may also be requested by any recipient for whom a corrective action has been required or a sanction has been imposed by the Secretary under section 3244 of this title.

(b) Appeal

The decision of the administrative law judge shall constitute final action by the Secretary unless, within 20 days after receipt of the decision of the administrative law judge, a party dissatisfied with the decision or any part of the decision has filed exceptions with the Secretary specifically identifying the procedure, fact, law, or policy to which exception is taken. Any exception not specifically urged during the 20-day period shall be deemed to have been waived. After the 20-day period the decision of the administrative law judge shall become the final decision of the Secretary unless the Secretary, within 30 days after such filing, notifies the parties that the case involved has been accepted for review.

(c) Time limit

Any case accepted for review by the Secretary under subsection (b) shall be decided within 180 days after such acceptance. If the case is not decided within the 180-day period, the decision of the administrative law judge shall become the final decision of the Secretary at the end of the 180-day period.

(d) Additional requirement

The provisions of section 3247 of this title shall apply to any final action of the Secretary under this section.

(Pub. L. 113–128, title I, §186, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1596.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2651 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 28: FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE / Subchapter III: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 2651: Effect on other laws
Effect on other laws
Status: in_force

(a) Federal and State antidiscrimination laws

Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be construed to modify or affect any Federal or State law prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability.

(b) State and local laws

Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be construed to supersede any provision of any State or local law that provides greater family or medical leave rights than the rights established under this Act or any amendment made by this Act.

(Pub. L. 103–3, title IV, §401, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 26.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 103–3, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 6, known as the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, which enacted this chapter, sections 60m and 60n of Title 2, The Congress, and sections 6381 to 6387 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, amended section 2105 of Title 5, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 2601 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2601 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1242 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter II: JURISDICTION, ADMINISTRATION, ENFORCEMENT; JOINT PENSION TASK FORCE, ETC. / Section 1242: Enrollment by Board; standards and qualifications; suspension or termination of enrollment
Enrollment by Board; standards and qualifications; suspension or termination of enrollment
Status: in_force

(a) The Joint Board shall, by regulations, establish reasonable standards and qualifications for persons performing actuarial services with respect to plans in which this chapter applies and, upon application by any individual, shall enroll such individual if the Joint Board finds that such individual satisfies such standards and qualifications. With respect to individuals applying for enrollment before January 1, 1976, such standards and qualifications shall include a requirement for an appropriate period of responsible actuarial experience relating to pension plans. With respect to individuals applying for enrollment on or after January 1, 1976, such standards and qualifications shall include—

(1) education and training in actuarial mathematics and methodology, as evidenced by—

(A) a degree in actuarial mathematics or its equivalent from an accredited college or university,

(B) successful completion of an examination in actuarial mathematics and methodology to be given by the Joint Board, or

(C) successful completion of other actuarial examinations deemed adequate by the Joint Board, and

(2) an appropriate period of responsible actuarial experience.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this subsection, the Joint Board may provide for the temporary enrollment for the period ending January 1, 1976, of actuaries under such interim standards as it deems adequate.

(b) The Joint Board may, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, suspend or terminate the enrollment of an individual under this section if the Joint Board finds that such individual—

(1) has failed to discharge his duties under this chapter, or

(2) does not satisfy the requirements for enrollment as in effect at the time of his enrollment.

The Joint Board may also, after notice and opportunity for hearing, suspend or terminate the temporary enrollment of an individual who fails to discharge his duties under this chapter or who does not satisfy the interim enrollment standards.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title III, §3042, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 1002.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 93–406, known as the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Titles I, III, and IV of such Act are classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of this title and Tables.
29 U.S.C. § 1783 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 19: JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter IV: FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED PROGRAMS / Section 1783: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 97–300, title IV, §499, as added Pub. L. 102–367, title IV, §407, Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1093, authorized microenterprise grants program.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 2000, see section 199(c)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 105–220, set out as a note under section 1501 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1109 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RIGHTS / Section 1109: Liability for breach of fiduciary duty
Liability for breach of fiduciary duty
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who is a fiduciary with respect to a plan who breaches any of the responsibilities, obligations, or duties imposed upon fiduciaries by this subchapter shall be personally liable to make good to such plan any losses to the plan resulting from each such breach, and to restore to such plan any profits of such fiduciary which have been made through use of assets of the plan by the fiduciary, and shall be subject to such other equitable or remedial relief as the court may deem appropriate, including removal of such fiduciary. A fiduciary may also be removed for a violation of section 1111 of this title.

(b) No fiduciary shall be liable with respect to a breach of fiduciary duty under this subchapter if such breach was committed before he became a fiduciary or after he ceased to be a fiduciary.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §409, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 886.)
29 U.S.C. § 413 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter II: BILL OF RIGHTS OF MEMBERS OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS / Section 413: Retention of existing rights of members
Retention of existing rights of members
Status: in_force

Nothing contained in this subchapter shall limit the rights and remedies of any member of a labor organization under any State or Federal law or before any court or other tribunal, or under the constitution and bylaws of any labor organization.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title I, §103, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 523.)
29 U.S.C. § 179 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter III: CONCILIATION OF LABOR DISPUTES; NATIONAL EMERGENCIES / Section 179: Injunctions during national emergency; adjustment efforts by parties during injunction period
Injunctions during national emergency; adjustment efforts by parties during injunction period
Status: in_force

(a) Assistance of Service; acceptance of Service's proposed settlement

Whenever a district court has issued an order under section 178 of this title enjoining acts or practices which imperil or threaten to imperil the national health or safety, it shall be the duty of the parties to the labor dispute giving rise to such order to make every effort to adjust and settle their differences, with the assistance of the Service created by this chapter. Neither party shall be under any duty to accept, in whole or in part, any proposal of settlement made by the Service.

(b) Reconvening of board of inquiry; report by board; contents; secret ballot of employees by National Labor Relations Board; certification of results to Attorney General

Upon the issuance of such order, the President shall reconvene the board of inquiry which has previously reported with respect to the dispute. At the end of a sixty-day period (unless the dispute has been settled by that time), the board of inquiry shall report to the President the current position of the parties and the efforts which have been made for settlement, and shall include a statement by each party of its position and a statement of the employer's last offer of settlement. The President shall make such report available to the public. The National Labor Relations Board, within the succeeding fifteen days, shall take a secret ballot of the employees of each employer involved in the dispute on the question of whether they wish to accept the final offer of settlement made by their employer as stated by him and shall certify the results thereof to the Attorney General within five days thereafter.

(June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title II, §209, 61 Stat. 155.)
29 U.S.C. § 656 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 15: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH / Section 656: Administration
Administration
Status: in_force

(a) National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health; establishment; membership; appointment; Chairman; functions; meetings; compensation; secretarial and clerical personnel

(1) There is hereby established a National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health consisting of twelve members appointed by the Secretary, four of whom are to be designated by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, without regard to the provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, and composed of representatives of management, labor, occupational safety and occupational health professions, and of the public. The Secretary shall designate one of the public members as Chairman. The members shall be selected upon the basis of their experience and competence in the field of occupational safety and health.

(2) The Committee shall advise, consult with, and make recommendations to the Secretary and the Secretary of Health and Human Services on matters relating to the administration of this chapter. The Committee shall hold no fewer than two meetings during each calendar year. All meetings of the Committee shall be open to the public and a transcript shall be kept and made available for public inspection.

(3) The members of the Committee shall be compensated in accordance with the provisions of section 3109 of title 5.

(4) The Secretary shall furnish to the Committee an executive secretary and such secretarial, clerical, and other services as are deemed necessary to the conduct of its business.

(b) Advisory committees; appointment; duties; membership; compensation; reimbursement to member's employer; meetings; availability of records; conflict of interest

An advisory committee may be appointed by the Secretary to assist him in his standard-setting functions under section 655 of this title. Each such committee shall consist of not more than fifteen members and shall include as a member one or more designees of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and shall include among its members an equal number of persons qualified by experience and affiliation to present the viewpoint of the employers involved, and of persons similarly qualified to present the viewpoint of the workers involved, as well as one or more representatives of health and safety agencies of the States. An advisory committee may also include such other persons as the Secretary may appoint who are qualified by knowledge and experience to make a useful contribution to the work of such committee, including one or more representatives of professional organizations of technicians or professionals specializing in occupational safety or health, and one or more representatives of nationally recognized standards-producing organizations, but the number of persons so appointed to any such advisory committee shall not exceed the number appointed to such committee as representatives of Federal and State agencies. Persons appointed to advisory committees from private life shall be compensated in the same manner as consultants or experts under section 3109 of title 5. The Secretary shall pay to any State which is the employer of a member of such a committee who is a representative of the health or safety agency of that State, reimbursement sufficient to cover the actual cost to the State resulting from such representative's membership on such committee. Any meeting of such committee shall be open to the public and an accurate record shall be kept and made available to the public. No member of such committee (other than representatives of employers and employees) shall have an economic interest in any proposed rule.

(c) Use of services, facilities, and personnel of Federal, State, and local agencies; reimbursement; employment of experts and consultants or organizations; renewal of contracts; compensation; travel expenses

In carrying out his responsibilities under this chapter, the Secretary is authorized to—

(1) use, with the consent of any Federal agency, the services, facilities, and personnel of such agency, with or without reimbursement, and with the consent of any State or political subdivision thereof, accept and use the services, facilities, and personnel of any agency of such State or subdivision with reimbursement; and

(2) employ experts and consultants or organizations thereof as authorized by section 3109 of title 5, except that contracts for such employment may be renewed annually; compensate individuals so employed at rates not in excess of the rate specified at the time of service for grade GS–18 under section 5332 of title 5, including traveltime, and allow them while away from their homes or regular places of business, travel expenses (including per diem in lieu of subsistence) as authorized by section 5703 of title 5 for persons in the Government service employed intermittently, while so employed.

(d) Maritime Occupational Safety and Health Advisory Committee

There is established a Maritime Occupational Safety and Health Advisory Committee, which shall be a continuing body and shall provide advice to the Secretary in formulating maritime industry standards and regarding matters pertaining to the administration of this chapter related to the maritime industry. The composition of such advisory committee shall be consistent with the advisory committees established under subsection (b). A member of the advisory committee who is otherwise qualified may continue to serve until a successor is appointed. The Secretary may promulgate or amend regulations as necessary to implement this subsection.

(Pub. L. 91–596, §7, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1597; Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §509(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695; Pub. L. 116–92, div. C, title XXXV, §3510, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1977.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 91–596, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1590. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 651 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 116–92 added subsec. (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

"Secretary of Health and Human Services" substituted for "Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare" in subsecs. (a)(1), (2) and (b) pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L. 96–88 which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20, Education.

Termination of Advisory Committees

Advisory committees in existence on January 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following January 5, 1973, unless, in the case of a committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a committee established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.
29 U.S.C. § 218c (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 8: FAIR LABOR STANDARDS / Section 218c: Protections for employees
Protections for employees
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition

No employer shall discharge or in any manner discriminate against any employee with respect to his or her compensation, terms, conditions, or other privileges of employment because the employee (or an individual acting at the request of the employee) has—

(1) received a credit under section 36B of title 26 or a subsidy under section 18071 of title 42; 1

(2) provided, caused to be provided, or is about to provide or cause to be provided to the employer, the Federal Government, or the attorney general of a State information relating to any violation of, or any act or omission the employee reasonably believes to be a violation of, any provision of this title 1 (or an amendment made by this title); 1

(3) testified or is about to testify in a proceeding concerning such violation;

(4) assisted or participated, or is about to assist or participate, in such a proceeding; or

(5) objected to, or refused to participate in, any activity, policy, practice, or assigned task that the employee (or other such person) reasonably believed to be in violation of any provision of this title 1 (or amendment), or any order, rule, regulation, standard, or ban under this title 1 (or amendment).

(b) Complaint procedure

(1) In general

An employee who believes that he or she has been discharged or otherwise discriminated against by any employer in violation of this section may seek relief in accordance with the procedures, notifications, burdens of proof, remedies, and statutes of limitation set forth in section 2087(b) of title 15.

(2) No limitation on rights

Nothing in this section shall be deemed to diminish the rights, privileges, or remedies of any employee under any Federal or State law or under any collective bargaining agreement. The rights and remedies in this section may not be waived by any agreement, policy, form, or condition of employment.

(June 25, 1938, ch. 676, §18C, as added Pub. L. 111–148, title I, §1558, Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 261.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 18071 of title 42, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original "section 1402 of this Act", and was translated as meaning section 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which is classified to section 18071 of title 42, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

This title, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), (5), probably means title I of Pub. L. 111–148, Mar. 23, 2011, 124 Stat. 130. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.

Section 2087(b) of title 15, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was in the original "section 2807(b) of title 15", and probably should have read "section 40(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act", which is classified to section 2087(b) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

1 See References in Text note below.
29 U.S.C. § 165 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter II: NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS / Section 165: Conflict of laws
Conflict of laws
Status: in_force

Wherever the application of the provisions of section 272 of chapter 10 of the Act entitled "An Act to establish a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States", approved July 1, 1898, and Acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto (U.S.C., title 11, sec. 672), conflicts with the application of the provisions of this subchapter, this subchapter shall prevail: Provided, That in any situation where the provisions of this subchapter cannot be validly enforced, the provisions of such other Acts shall remain in full force and effect.

(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, §15, 49 Stat. 457; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, §101, 61 Stat. 151.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Act approved July 1, 1898, referred to in text, popularly known as the Bankruptcy Act, was classified generally to former Title 11, Bankruptcy, and was repealed effective Oct. 1, 1979, by Pub. L. 95–598, §§401(a), 402(a), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2682, section 101 of which enacted revised Title 11.

Amendments

1947—Act June 23, 1947, amended section generally by inserting new subject matter which was formerly covered by section 164 of this title. Section formerly referred to separability provisions, see section 166 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1947 Amendment

For effective date of amendment by act June 23, 1947, see section 104 of act June 23, 1947, set out as a note under section 151 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 439 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 11: LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE PROCEDURE / Subchapter III: REPORTING BY LABOR ORGANIZATIONS, OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS, AND EMPLOYERS / Section 439: Violations and penalties
Violations and penalties
Status: in_force

(a) Willful violations of provisions of subchapter

Any person who willfully violates this subchapter shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.

(b) False statements or representations of fact with knowledge of falsehood

Any person who makes a false statement or representation of a material fact, knowing it to be false, or who knowingly fails to disclose a material fact, in any document, report, or other information required under the provisions of this subchapter shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.

(c) False entry in or willful concealment, etc., of books and records

Any person who willfully makes a false entry in or willfully conceals, withholds, or destroys any books, records, reports, or statements required to be kept by any provision of this subchapter shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.

(d) Personal responsibility of individuals required to sign reports

Each individual required to sign reports under sections 431 and 433 of this title shall be personally responsible for the filing of such reports and for any statement contained therein which he knows to be false.

(Pub. L. 86–257, title II, §209, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 529.)
29 U.S.C. § 1404 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: PLAN TERMINATION INSURANCE / Section 1404: Alternative method of withdrawal liability payments
Alternative method of withdrawal liability payments
Status: in_force

A multiemployer plan may adopt rules providing for other terms and conditions for the satisfaction of an employer's withdrawal liability if such rules are consistent with this chapter and with such regulations as may be prescribed by the corporation.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title IV, §4224, as added Pub. L. 96–364, title I, §104(2), Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1242.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 93–406, known as the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Titles I, III, and IV of such Act are classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of this title and Tables.
29 U.S.C. § 2616 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 28: FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE / Subchapter I: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LEAVE / Section 2616: Investigative authority
Investigative authority
Status: in_force

(a) In general

To ensure compliance with the provisions of this subchapter, or any regulation or order issued under this subchapter, the Secretary shall have, subject to subsection (c), the investigative authority provided under section 211(a) of this title.

(b) Obligation to keep and preserve records

Any employer shall make, keep, and preserve records pertaining to compliance with this subchapter in accordance with section 211(c) of this title and in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary.

(c) Required submissions generally limited to annual basis

The Secretary shall not under the authority of this section require any employer or any plan, fund, or program to submit to the Secretary any books or records more than once during any 12-month period, unless the Secretary has reasonable cause to believe there may exist a violation of this subchapter or any regulation or order issued pursuant to this subchapter, or is investigating a charge pursuant to section 2617(b) of this title.

(d) Subpoena powers

For the purposes of any investigation provided for in this section, the Secretary shall have the subpoena authority provided for under section 209 of this title.

(Pub. L. 103–3, title I, §106, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 15.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, except that, in the case of collective bargaining agreements in effect on that effective date, section applicable on the earlier of (1) the date of termination of such agreement, or (2) the date that occurs 12 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 187 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter IV: LIABILITIES OF AND RESTRICTIONS ON LABOR AND MANAGEMENT / Section 187: Unlawful activities or conduct; right to sue; jurisdiction; limitations; damages
Unlawful activities or conduct; right to sue; jurisdiction; limitations; damages
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful, for the purpose of this section only, in an industry or activity affecting commerce, for any labor organization to engage in any activity or conduct defined as an unfair labor practice in section 158(b)(4) of this title.

(b) Whoever shall be injured in his business or property by reason or 1 any violation of subsection (a) may sue therefor in any district court of the United States subject to the limitations and provisions of section 185 of this title without respect to the amount in controversy, or in any other court having jurisdiction of the parties, and shall recover the damages by him sustained and the cost of the suit.

(June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title III, §303, 61 Stat. 158; Pub. L. 86–257, title VII, §704(e), Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 545.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1959—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–257 struck out provisions which specified particular practices that were unlawful, and inserted reference to practices defined in section 158(b)(4) of this title, which section defines the unfair labor practices formerly enumerated in this subsection.

1 So in original. Probably should be "of".
29 U.S.C. § 49h (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 4B: FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT SERVICE / Section 49h: Fiscal controls and accounting procedures
Fiscal controls and accounting procedures
Status: in_force

(a) Audit

(1) Each State shall establish such fiscal control and fund accounting procedures as may be necessary to assure the proper disbursal of, and accounting for, Federal funds paid to the recipient under this chapter. The Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in consultation with the Comptroller General of the United States, shall establish guidance for the proper performance of audits. Such guidance shall include a review of fiscal controls and fund accounting procedures established by States under this section.

(2) At least once every two years, the State shall prepare or have prepared an independent financial and compliance audit of funds received under this chapter.

(3) Each audit shall be conducted in accordance with applicable auditing standards set forth in the financial and compliance element of the Standards for Audit of Governmental Organizations, Programs, Activities, and Functions issued by the Comptroller General of the United States.

(b) Evaluations by Comptroller General

(1) The Comptroller General of the United States shall evaluate the expenditures by States of funds received under this chapter in order to assure that expenditures are consistent with the provisions of this chapter and to determine the effectiveness of the State in accomplishing the purposes of this chapter. The Comptroller General shall conduct evaluations whenever determined necessary and shall periodically report to the Congress on the findings of such evaluations.

(2) Nothing in this chapter shall be deemed to relieve the Inspector General of the Department of Labor of his responsibilities under chapter 4 of title 5.

(3) For the purpose of evaluating and reviewing programs established or provided for by this chapter, the Comptroller General shall have access to and the right to copy any books, accounts, records, correspondence, or other documents pertinent to such programs that are in the possession, custody, or control of the State.

(c) Repayment of funds by State

Each State shall repay to the United States amounts found not to have been expended in accordance with this chapter. No such finding shall be made except after notice and opportunity for a fair hearing. The Secretary may offset such amounts against any other amount to which the recipient is or may be entitled under this chapter.

(June 6, 1933, ch. 49, §9, 48 Stat. 116; Pub. L. 97–300, title VI, §601(e), formerly title V, §501(e), Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1396; renumbered title VI, §601(e), Pub. L. 100–628, title VII, §712(a)(1), (2), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3248; Pub. L. 117–286, §4(b)(47), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4348.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted "chapter 4 of title 5." for "the Inspector General Act."

1982—Pub. L. 97–300 amended section generally, substituting provisions requiring the States to prepare accounting procedures under Federal guidance, to submit to biennial audit with evaluation of expenditures by the Comptroller General and providing for repayment of improperly expended funds, for provisions requiring reports on expenditures to the Secretary under his regulations and giving him authority to revoke State certification.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–300 effective Oct. 1, 1983, but with Secretary authorized to use funds appropriated for fiscal 1983 to plan for orderly implementation of amendment, see section 181(i) of Pub. L. 97–300, which was formerly classified to section 1591(i) of this title.

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions of law requiring submittal to Congress of any annual, semiannual, or other regular periodic report listed in House Document No. 103–7 (in which a report required under subsec. (b)(1) of this section is listed on page 8), see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
29 U.S.C. § 205 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 8: FAIR LABOR STANDARDS / Section 205: Repealed. Pub. L. 110-28, title VIII, §8103(c)(1)(A), May 25, 2007, 121 Stat. 189
Repealed. Pub. L. 110-28, title VIII, §8103(c)(1)(A), May 25, 2007, 121 Stat. 189
Status: repealed

Section, acts June 25, 1938, ch. 676, §5, 52 Stat. 1062; June 26, 1940, ch. 432, §3(c), 54 Stat. 615; Oct. 26, 1949, ch. 736, §5, 63 Stat. 911; Aug. 12, 1955, ch. 867, §5(a), 69 Stat. 711; Pub. L. 87–30, §4, May 5, 1961, 75 Stat. 67; Pub. L. 93–259, §5(a), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 56; Pub. L. 101–157, §4(a), Nov. 17, 1989, 103 Stat. 939, related to establishment of special industry committees for American Samoa to recommend the minimum rate or rates of wages. See section 8103 of Pub. L. 110–28, set out as a note under section 206 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective 60 days after May 25, 2007, see section 8103(c)(2) of Pub. L. 110–28, set out as an Effective Date of 2007 Amendment note under section 206 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2881 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 30: WORKFORCE INVESTMENT SYSTEMS / Subchapter III: JOB CORPS / Section 2881: Repealed. Pub. L. 113-128, title V, §511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Repealed. Pub. L. 113-128, title V, §511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Status: repealed

Section 2881, Pub. L. 105–220, title I, §141, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1006, stated purposes of Job Corps program. See section 3191 of this title.

Provisions similar to those formerly contained in section 2881 were contained in section 1691 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–220.

Section 2882, Pub. L. 105–220, title I, §142, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1006, defined terms. See section 3192 of this title.

Section 2883, Pub. L. 105–220, title I, §143, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1007, established the Job Corps. See section 3193 of this title.

Provisions similar to those formerly contained in section 2883 were contained in section 1692 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–220.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3101 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1202a (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter II: JURISDICTION, ADMINISTRATION, ENFORCEMENT; JOINT PENSION TASK FORCE, ETC. / Section 1202a: Employee plans compliance resolution system
Employee plans compliance resolution system
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of the Treasury shall have full authority to establish and implement the Employee Plans Compliance Resolution System (or any successor program) and any other employee plans correction policies, including the authority to waive income, excise, or other taxes to ensure that any tax, penalty, or sanction is not excessive and bears a reasonable relationship to the nature, extent, and severity of the failure.

(b) Improvements

The Secretary of the Treasury shall continue to update and improve the Employee Plans Compliance Resolution System (or any successor program), giving special attention to—

(1) increasing the awareness and knowledge of small employers concerning the availability and use of the program;

(2) taking into account special concerns and circumstances that small employers face with respect to compliance and correction of compliance failures;

(3) extending the duration of the self-correction period under the Self-Correction Program for significant compliance failures;

(4) expanding the availability to correct insignificant compliance failures under the Self-Correction Program during audit; and

(5) assuring that any tax, penalty, or sanction that is imposed by reason of a compliance failure is not excessive and bears a reasonable relationship to the nature, extent, and severity of the failure.

(Pub. L. 109–280, title XI, §1101, Aug. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 1055.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, and not as part of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 which comprises this chapter.
29 U.S.C. § 162 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter II: NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS / Section 162: Offenses and penalties
Offenses and penalties
Status: in_force

Any person who shall willfully resist, prevent, impede, or interfere with any member of the Board or any of its agents or agencies in the performance of duties pursuant to this subchapter shall be punished by a fine of not more than $5,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, §12, 49 Stat. 456; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, §101, 61 Stat. 151.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1947—Act June 23, 1947, reenacted section without change.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1947 Amendment

For effective date of amendment by act June 23, 1947, see section 104 of act June 23, 1947, set out as a note under section 151 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1151 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RIGHTS / Section 1151: Administrative summary cease and desist orders and summary seizure orders against multiple employer welfare arrangements in financially hazardous condition
Administrative summary cease and desist orders and summary seizure orders against multiple employer welfare arrangements in financially hazardous condition
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary may issue a cease and desist (ex parte) order under this subchapter if it appears to the Secretary that the alleged conduct of a multiple employer welfare arrangement described in section 1002(40) of this title, other than a plan or arrangement described in subsection (g), is fraudulent, or creates an immediate danger to the public safety or welfare, or is causing or can be reasonably expected to cause significant, imminent, and irreparable public injury.

(b) Hearing

A person that is adversely affected by the issuance of a cease and desist order under subsection (a) may request a hearing by the Secretary regarding such order. The Secretary may require that a proceeding under this section, including all related information and evidence, be conducted in a confidential manner.

(c) Burden of proof

The burden of proof in any hearing conducted under subsection (b) shall be on the party requesting the hearing to show cause why the cease and desist order should be set aside.

(d) Determination

Based upon the evidence presented at a hearing under subsection (b), the cease and desist order involved may be affirmed, modified, or set aside by the Secretary in whole or in part.

(e) Seizure

The Secretary may issue a summary seizure order under this subchapter if it appears that a multiple employer welfare arrangement is in a financially hazardous condition.

(f) Regulations

The Secretary may promulgate such regulations or other guidance as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out this section.

(g) Exception

This section shall not apply to any plan or arrangement that does not fall within the meaning of the term "multiple employer welfare arrangement" under section 1002(40)(A) of this title.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §521, as added Pub. L. 111–148, title VI, §6605(a), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 780.)
29 U.S.C. § 1400 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: PLAN TERMINATION INSURANCE / Section 1400: Approval of amendments
Approval of amendments
Status: in_force

(a) Amendment of covered multiemployer plan; procedures applicable

Except as provided in subsection (b), if an amendment to a multiemployer plan authorized by any preceding section of this part is adopted more than 36 months after the effective date of this section, the amendment shall be effective only if the corporation approves the amendment, or, within 90 days after the corporation receives notice and a copy of the amendment from the plan sponsor, fails to disapprove the amendment.

(b) Amendment respecting methods for computing withdrawal liability

An amendment permitted by section 1391(c)(5) of this title may be adopted only in accordance with that section.

(c) Criteria for disapproval by corporation

The corporation shall disapprove an amendment referred to in subsection (a) or (b) only if the corporation determines that the amendment creates an unreasonable risk of loss to plan participants and beneficiaries or to the corporation.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title IV, §4220, as added Pub. L. 96–364, title I, §104(2), Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1239.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

For the effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (a), see 1461(e)(2) of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 852 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 17: COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAMS / Subchapter II: COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING SERVICES / Section 852: Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Repealed. Pub. L. 97-300, title I, §184(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §221, as added Pub. L. 95–524, §2, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1956, related to occupational upgrading and retraining programs.
29 U.S.C. § 110 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 110: Review by court of appeals of issuance or denial of temporary injunctions; record
Review by court of appeals of issuance or denial of temporary injunctions; record
Status: in_force

Whenever any court of the United States shall issue or deny any temporary injunction in a case involving or growing out of a labor dispute, the court shall, upon the request of any party to the proceedings and on his filing the usual bond for costs, forthwith certify as in ordinary cases the record of the case to the court of appeals for its review. Upon the filing of such record in the court of appeals, the appeal shall be heard and the temporary injunctive order affirmed, modified, or set aside expeditiously 1

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §10, 47 Stat. 72; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §32(a), 62 Stat. 991; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §127, 63 Stat. 107; Pub. L. 98–620, title IV, §402(30), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3359.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1984—Pub. L. 98–620 substituted "expeditiously" for "with the greatest possible expedition, giving the proceedings precedence over all other matters except older matters of the same character."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Act June 25, 1948, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, as amended by act May 24, 1949, substituted "court of appeals" for "circuit court of appeals".

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–620 not applicable to cases pending on Nov. 8, 1984, see section 403 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as a note under section 1657 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a period.
29 U.S.C. § 258 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 9: PORTAL-TO-PORTAL PAY / Section 258: Reliance on past administrative rulings, etc.
Reliance on past administrative rulings, etc.
Status: in_force

In any action or proceeding commenced prior to or on or after May 14, 1947 based on any act or omission prior to May 14, 1947, no employer shall be subject to any liability or punishment for or on account of the failure of the employer to pay minimum wages or overtime compensation under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], the Walsh-Healey Act, or the Bacon-Davis Act,1 if he pleads and proves that the act or omission complained of was in good faith in conformity with and in reliance on any administrative regulation, order, ruling, approval, or interpretation, of any agency of the United States, or any administrative practice or enforcement policy of any such agency with respect to the class of employers to which he belonged. Such a defense, if established, shall be a bar to the action or proceeding, notwithstanding that after such act or omission, such administrative regulation, order, ruling, approval, interpretation, practice, or enforcement policy is modified or rescinded or is determined by judicial authority to be invalid or of no legal effect.

(May 14, 1947, ch. 52, §9, 61 Stat. 88.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, referred to in text, is act June 25, 1938, ch. 676, 52 Stat. 1060, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§201 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 201 of this title and Tables.

The Walsh-Healey and Bacon-Davis Acts, referred to in text, are defined for purposes of this chapter in section 262 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
29 U.S.C. § 183 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 7: LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS / Subchapter III: CONCILIATION OF LABOR DISPUTES; NATIONAL EMERGENCIES / Section 183: Conciliation of labor disputes in the health care industry
Conciliation of labor disputes in the health care industry
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment of Boards of Inquiry; membership

If, in the opinion of the Director of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, a threatened or actual strike or lockout affecting a health care institution will, if permitted to occur or to continue, substantially interrupt the delivery of health care in the locality concerned, the Director may further assist in the resolution of the impasse by establishing within 30 days after the notice to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service under clause (A) of the last sentence of section 158(d) of this title (which is required by clause (3) of such section 158(d) of this title), or within 10 days after the notice under clause (B), an impartial Board of Inquiry to investigate the issues involved in the dispute and to make a written report thereon to the parties within fifteen (15) days after the establishment of such a Board. The written report shall contain the findings of fact together with the Board's recommendations for settling the dispute, with the objective of achieving a prompt, peaceful and just settlement of the dispute. Each such Board shall be composed of such number of individuals as the Director may deem desirable. No member appointed under this section shall have any interest or involvement in the health care institutions or the employee organizations involved in the dispute.

(b) Compensation of members of Boards of Inquiry

(1) Members of any board established under this section who are otherwise employed by the Federal Government shall serve without compensation but shall be reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in carrying out its duties under this section.

(2) Members of any board established under this section who are not subject to paragraph (1) shall receive compensation at a rate prescribed by the Director but not to exceed the daily rate prescribed for GS–18 of the General Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, including travel for each day they are engaged in the performance of their duties under this section and shall be entitled to reimbursement for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred by them in carrying out their duties under this section.

(c) Maintenance of status quo

After the establishment of a board under subsection (a) of this section and for 15 days after any such board has issued its report, no change in the status quo in effect prior to the expiration of the contract in the case of negotiations for a contract renewal, or in effect prior to the time of the impasse in the case of an initial bargaining negotiation, except by agreement, shall be made by the parties to the controversy.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

(June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title II, §213, as added Pub. L. 93–360, §2, July 26, 1974, 88 Stat. 396.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on thirtieth day after July 26, 1974, see section 4 of Pub. L. 93–360, set out as a note under section 169 of this title.

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.
29 U.S.C. § 102 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 6: JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE / Section 102: Public policy in labor matters declared
Public policy in labor matters declared
Status: in_force

In the interpretation of this chapter and in determining the jurisdiction and authority of the courts of the United States, as such jurisdiction and authority are defined and limited in this chapter, the public policy of the United States is declared as follows:

Whereas under prevailing economic conditions, developed with the aid of governmental authority for owners of property to organize in the corporate and other forms of ownership association, the individual unorganized worker is commonly helpless to exercise actual liberty of contract and to protect his freedom of labor, and thereby to obtain acceptable terms and conditions of employment, wherefore, though he should be free to decline to associate with his fellows, it is necessary that he have full freedom of association, self-organization, and designation of representatives of his own choosing, to negotiate the terms and conditions of his employment, and that he shall be free from the interference, restraint, or coercion of employers of labor, or their agents, in the designation of such representatives or in self-organization or in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection; therefore, the following definitions of, and limitations upon, the jurisdiction and authority of the courts of the United States are enacted.

(Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §2, 47 Stat. 70.)
29 U.S.C. § 1781 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 19: JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter IV: FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED PROGRAMS / Section 1781: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-220, title I, §199(b)(2), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 97–300, title IV, §481, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1390; Pub. L. 102–367, title VII, §702(a)(19), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1112, related to training to fulfill affirmative action obligations.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 2000, see section 199(c)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 105–220, set out as a note under section 1501 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 1161 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 18: EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RIGHTS / Section 1161: Plans must provide continuation coverage to certain individuals
Plans must provide continuation coverage to certain individuals
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The plan sponsor of each group health plan shall provide, in accordance with this part, that each qualified beneficiary who would lose coverage under the plan as a result of a qualifying event is entitled, under the plan, to elect, within the election period, continuation coverage under the plan.

(b) Exception for certain plans

Subsection (a) shall not apply to any group health plan for any calendar year if all employers maintaining such plan normally employed fewer than 20 employees on a typical business day during the preceding calendar year.

(Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §601, as added Pub. L. 99–272, title X, §10002(a), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 227; amended Pub. L. 101–239, title VII, §§7862(c)(1)(B), 7891(a)(1), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2432, 2445.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1989—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–239 struck out at end "Under regulations, rules similar to the rules of subsections (a) and (b) of section 52 of title 26 (relating to employers under common control) shall apply for purposes of this subsection."

Pub. L. 101–239, §7891(a)(1), substituted "Internal Revenue Code of 1986" for "Internal Revenue Code of 1954", which for purposes of codification was translated as "title 26" thus requiring no change in text.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Amendment by section 7862(c)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 101–239 applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, see section 7862(c)(1)(C) of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 106 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Amendment by section 7891(a)(1) of Pub. L. 101–239 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 7891(f) of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 1002 of this title.

Effective Date

Pub. L. 99–272, title X, §10002(d), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 231, provided that:

"(1) General rule.—The amendments made by this section [enacting this part and amending section 1132 of this title] shall apply to plan years beginning on or after July 1, 1986.

"(2) Special rule for collective bargaining agreements.—In the case of a group health plan maintained pursuant to one or more collective bargaining agreements between employee representatives and one or more employers ratified before the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 7, 1986], the amendments made by this section shall not apply to plan years beginning before the later of—

"(A) the date on which the last of the collective bargaining agreements relating to the plan terminates (determined without regard to any extension thereof agreed to after the date of the enactment of this Act), or

"(B) January 1, 1987.

For purposes of subparagraph (A), any plan amendment made pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement relating to the plan which amends the plan solely to conform to any requirement added by this section shall not be treated as a termination of such collective bargaining agreement."
29 U.S.C. § 11 (2024) — Title 29: LABOR / Chapter 2: WOMEN'S BUREAU / Section 11: Bureau established
Bureau established
Status: in_force

There shall be established in the Department of Labor a bureau to be known as the Women's Bureau.

(June 5, 1920, ch. 248, §1, 41 Stat. 987.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of other officers, employees, and agencies of Department of Labor, with certain exceptions, to Secretary of Labor, with power to delegate, see Reorg. Plan No. 6 of 1950, §§1, 2, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.