7 U.S.C. § 6999 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter VIII: NATIONAL APPEALS DIVISION / Section 6999: Judicial review
Judicial review
Status: in_force

A final determination of the Division shall be reviewable and enforceable by any United States district court of competent jurisdiction in accordance with chapter 7 of title 5.

(Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §279, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3233.)
7 U.S.C. § 6o (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 1: COMMODITY EXCHANGES / Section 6o: Fraud and misrepresentation by commodity trading advisors, commodity pool operators, and associated persons
Fraud and misrepresentation by commodity trading advisors, commodity pool operators, and associated persons
Status: in_force

(1) It shall be unlawful for a commodity trading advisor, associated person of a commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, or associated person of a commodity pool operator, by use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce, directly or indirectly—

(A) to employ any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud any client or participant or prospective client or participant; or

(B) to engage in any transaction, practice, or course of business which operates as a fraud or deceit upon any client or participant or prospective client or participant.

(2) It shall be unlawful for any commodity trading advisor, associated person of a commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, or associated person of a commodity pool operator registered under this chapter to represent or imply in any manner whatsoever that such person has been sponsored, recommended, or approved, or that such person's abilities or qualifications have in any respect been passed upon, by the United States or any agency or officer thereof. This section shall not be construed to prohibit a statement that a person is registered under this chapter as a commodity trading advisor, associated person of a commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, or associated person of a commodity pool operator, if such statement is true in fact and if the effect of such registration is not misrepresented.

(Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 369, §4o, as added Pub. L. 93–463, title II, §205(a), Oct. 23, 1974, 88 Stat. 1399; amended Pub. L. 95–405, §10, Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 870; Pub. L. 97–444, title II, §214, Jan. 11, 1983, 96 Stat. 2305.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1983—Par. (1). Pub. L. 97–444 made the antifraud prohibition applicable to an associated person of a commodity trading advisor or a commodity pool operator.

Par. (2). Pub. L. 97–444 made the misrepresentation prohibition applicable to an associated person of a commodity training advisor or a commodity pool operator, authorized registration statements of such persons, and substituted "such person" and "such person's abilities" for "he" before "has been sponsored" and "his abilities", respectively.

1978—Par. (1). Pub. L. 95–405 struck out "registered under this chapter" after "pool operator".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–444 effective Jan. 11, 1983, see section 239 of Pub. L. 97–444, set out as a note under section 2 of this title.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–405 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 28 of Pub. L. 95–405, set out as a note under section 2 of this title.

Effective Date

For effective date of section, see section 418 of Pub. L. 93–463, set out as an Effective Date of 1974 Amendment note under section 2 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 5662 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 5662: Compliance provisions
Compliance provisions
Status: in_force

(a) Records

(1) In general

In the administration of the programs established under sections 5621, 5622, and 5623(b) of this title the Secretary shall require by regulation each exporter or other participant under the program to maintain all records concerning a program transaction for a period of not to exceed 5 years after completion of the program transaction, and to permit the Secretary to have full and complete access, for such 5-year period, to such records.

(2) Confidentiality

The personally identifiable information contained in reports under subsection (a) may be withheld in accordance with section 552(b)(4) of title 5. Any officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture who knowingly discloses confidential information as defined by section 1905 of title 18 shall be subject to section 1905 of title 18. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to authorize the withholding of information from Congress.

(b) Violation

If any exporter, assignee, or other participant has engaged in fraud with respect to the programs authorized under this chapter, or has otherwise violated program requirements under this chapter, the Commodity Credit Corporation may—

(1) hold such exporter, assignee, or participant liable for any and all losses to the Corporation resulting from such fraud or violation;

(2) require a refund of any assistance provided to such exporter, assignee, or participant plus interest, as determined by the Secretary; and

(3) collect liquidated damages from such exporter, assignee, or participant in an amount determined appropriate by the Secretary.

The provisions of this subsection shall be without prejudice to any other remedy that is available under any other provision of law.

(c) Suspension and debarment

The Commodity Credit Corporation may suspend or debar for 1 or more years any exporter, assignee, or other participant from participation in one or more of the programs authorized by this chapter if the Corporation determines, after opportunity for a hearing, that such exporter, assignee, or other participant has violated the terms and conditions of the program or of this chapter and that the violation is of such a nature as to warrant suspension or debarment.

(d) False certifications

The provisions of section 1001 of title 18 shall apply to any false certifications issued under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 95–501, title IV, §402, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1531, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3681; amended Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §247, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 969; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3103(b)(5), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1833; Pub. L. 115–334, title III, §3201(b)(1)(B), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4616.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "and 5623(b)" for "and 5623".

2008—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–246 substituted "sections 5621, 5622, and 5623" for "sections 5621, 5622, 5623, and 5651".

1996—Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Pub. L. 104–127 redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out heading and text of former par. (2). Text read as follows: "The Secretary may require by regulation an exporter or other participant in the programs to make records available to the Secretary with respect to non-program transactions if such records would pertain directly to the review of program-related transactions undertaken by such exporter or participant, as determined by the Secretary."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1471f (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter V: EMERGENCY LIVESTOCK FEED ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1988 / Section 1471f: Use of Commodity Credit Corporation
Use of Commodity Credit Corporation
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall carry out this subchapter through the use of the funds, facilities, and authorities of the Commodity Credit Corporation.

(Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title VI, §608, as added Pub. L. 100–387, title I, §101(a), Aug. 11, 1988, 102 Stat. 930.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 15 days after Aug. 11, 1988, see section 101(c)(1) of Pub. L. 100–387, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 1988 Amendment note under section 1427 of this title.

Inapplicability of Section

Section inapplicable to 2014 through 2018 crops of covered commodities, cotton, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Feb. 7, 2014, through Dec. 31, 2018, see section 9092(b)(12) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2008 through 2012 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning June 18, 2008, through Dec. 31, 2012, see section 8782(b)(12) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning May 13, 2002, through Dec. 31, 2007, see section 7992(b)(12) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 1996 through 2002 crops of loan commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Apr. 4, 1996, and ending Dec. 31, 2002, see section 7301(b)(1)(L) of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3323 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter XI: AQUACULTURE / Section 3323: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-185, title III, §302(a), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 563
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-185, title III, §302(a), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 563
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1476, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1614(b)(1), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3728; amended Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §820(c), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1168, authorized grants and appropriations for acquaculture research facilities.

A prior section 3323, Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1476, as added Pub. L. 97–98, title XIV, §1440(a), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1317, related to establishment, duration, and meetings of Aquaculture Advisory Board, and appointment and compensation of Board members, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1429(b), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1556.
7 U.S.C. § 1446e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter III: NONBASIC AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 1446e: Repealed. Pub. L. 104-127, title I, §141(g), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 915
Repealed. Pub. L. 104-127, title I, §141(g), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 915
Status: repealed

Section, act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title II, §204, as added Nov. 28, 1990, Pub. L. 101–624, title I, §101(a), 104 Stat. 3374; amended Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, title I, §1105(g), 104 Stat. 1388–6; Dec. 13, 1991, Pub. L. 102–237, title I, §§113(10), 127(a), 105 Stat. 1838, 1846; Aug. 10, 1993, Pub. L. 103–66, title I, §1105(a), 107 Stat. 316; May 6, 1994, Pub. L. 103–247, §1(c), 108 Stat. 618, related to milk price support and milk inventory management program for calendar years 1991 through 1996.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Pub. L. 104–127, title I, §141(g), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 915, provided that the repeal of this section is effective on the first day of the first month beginning after Apr. 4, 1996.
7 U.S.C. § 1350a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1350a: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-470, title I, §102(e), Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2237
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-470, title I, §102(e), Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2237
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 91–524, title VI, §609, Nov. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1378, required Secretary to file annually with President for transmission to Congress a complete report of programs carried out under title VI of Pub. L. 91–524.
7 U.S.C. § 138f (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 6A: NATIONAL LABORATORY ACCREDITATION / Section 138f: Fees
Fees
Status: in_force

(a) In general

At the time that an application for accreditation is received by the Secretary and annually thereafter, a laboratory seeking accreditation by the Secretary under the authority of this chapter, the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), or the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.) shall pay to the Secretary a nonrefundable accreditation fee. All fees collected by the Secretary shall be credited to the account from which the expenses of the laboratory accreditation program are paid and, subject to subsection (e), shall be available immediately and remain available until expended to pay the expenses of the laboratory accreditation program.

(b) Amount of fee

The fee required under this section shall be established by the Secretary in an amount that will offset the cost of the laboratory accreditation programs administered by the Secretary under the statutory authorities set forth in subsection (a).

(c) Reimbursement of expenses

Each laboratory that is accredited under a statutory authority set forth in subsection (a) or that has applied for accreditation under such authority shall reimburse the Secretary for reasonable travel and other expenses necessary to perform onsite inspections of the laboratory.

(d) Adjustment of fees

The Secretary may, on an annual basis, adjust the fees imposed under this section as necessary to support the full costs of the laboratory accreditation programs carried out under the statutory authorities set forth in subsection (a).

(e) Appropriations prerequisite

No fees collected under this section may be used to offset the cost of laboratory accreditation without appropriations made under subsection (f).

(f) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary for laboratory accreditation services under this section.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIII, §1327, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3565; Pub. L. 102–237, title X, §1017, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1904.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Meat Inspection Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is titles I to V of act Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, as added Pub. L. 90–201, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 584, and Pub. L. 110–246, title XI, §11015(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 2124, which are classified generally to subchapters I to IV–A (§601 et seq.) of chapter 12 of Title 21, Food and Drugs. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 601 of Title 21 and Tables.

The Poultry Products Inspection Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 85–172, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 441, which is classified generally to chapter 10 (§451 et seq.) of Title 21. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 451 of Title 21 and Tables.

Amendments

1991—Pub. L. 102–237 amended section generally, in subsec. (a), inserting provisions relating to Federal Meat Inspection Act and Poultry Products Inspection Act and provisions relating to crediting and availability of fees, in subsec. (b), substituting provisions relating to fee under this section for provisions relating to fee under subsec. (a) of this section, and provisions relating to laboratory accreditation programs administered by Secretary under statutory authorities set forth in subsec. (a) of this section for provisions relating to program established under this chapter, in subsec. (c), substituting provisions relating to statutory authority set forth in subsec. (a) of this section for provisions relating to this chapter, in subsec. (d), substituting provisions relating to laboratory accreditation programs under statutory authority set forth in subsec. (a) of this section for provisions relating to program established under this chapter, and adding subsecs. (e) and (f).
7 U.S.C. § 387 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 14: AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS / Subchapter II: EXPERIMENT STATIONS FOR PROPAGATION OF TREES, SHRUBS, VINES, AND VEGETABLES / Section 387: Station for semi-arid or dry-land regions; establishment
Station for semi-arid or dry-land regions; establishment
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to cause such shade, ornamental, fruit, and shelter-belt trees, shrubs, vines, and vegetables as are adapted to the conditions and needs of the semi-arid or dry-land regions of the United States, to be propagated at an experiment station of the Department of Agriculture to be established at or near Cheyenne, Wyoming, and seedlings and cuttings and seeds of such trees, shrubs, vines, and vegetables to be distributed free of charge under such regulations as he may prescribe for experimental and demonstration purposes within the semi-arid or dry-land regions of the United States.

(Mar. 19, 1928, ch. 228, §1, 45 Stat. 323.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

All functions of all officers, agencies and employees of the Department of Agriculture were transferred, with certain exceptions, to the Secretary of Agriculture by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §1, eff. June 4, 1953, 18 F.R. 3219, 67 Stat. 633, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 228d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 228d: Annual assessment of cattle and hog industries
Annual assessment of cattle and hog industries
Status: in_force

Not later than March 1 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to Congress and make publicly available a report that—

(1) assesses the general economic state of the cattle and hog industries;

(2) describes changing business practices in those industries; and

(3) identifies market operations or activities in those industries that appear to raise concerns under this chapter.

(Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title IV, §415, as added Pub. L. 106–472, title III, §312(e)(2), Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2077.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 415 of act Aug. 15, 1921, was renumbered section 417 and is classified to section 229c of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 4701 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 78: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY RESEARCH / Section 4701: Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title XVI, §1620(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3734
Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title XVI, §1620(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3734
Status: repealed

Section 4701, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1461, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1562, provided definitions for chapter.

Section 4702, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1462, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1563, set forth Congressional findings.

Section 4703, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1463, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1563, set forth purposes of chapter.

Section 4704, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1464, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1564, related to information study.

Section 4705, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1465, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1564, authorized research projects to promote purposes of chapter.

Section 4706, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1466, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1565, related to coordination of projects.

Section 4707, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1467, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1565, required reports to Congress.

Section 4708, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1468, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1565, authorized agreements with other expert entities.

Section 4709, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1469, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1565, related to dissemination of data.

Section 4710, Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1470, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1566, authorized appropriations to carry out chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, subtitle C (§§1461–1471), §1471, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1566, which provided that this chapter was effective Oct. 1, 1985, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1620(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3734.
7 U.S.C. § 427i (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 427i: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 427i was editorially reclassified as section 3105 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1518 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 36: CROP INSURANCE / Subchapter I: FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE / Section 1518: "Agricultural commodity" defined
"Agricultural commodity" defined
Status: in_force

"Agricultural commodity", as used in this subchapter, means wheat, cotton, flax, corn, dry beans, oats, barley, rye, tobacco, rice, peanuts, soybeans, sugar beets, sugar cane, tomatoes, grain sorghum, sunflowers, raisins, oranges, sweet corn, dry peas, freezing and canning peas, forage, apples, grapes, potatoes, timber and forests, nursery crops, citrus, and other fruits and vegetables, nuts, tame hay, native grass, hemp, aquacultural species (including, but not limited to, any species of finfish, mollusk, crustacean, or other aquatic invertebrate, amphibian, reptile, or aquatic plant propagated or reared in a controlled or selected environment), or any other agricultural commodity, excluding stored grain, determined by the Board, or any one or more of such commodities, as the context may indicate.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title V, §518, as added June 21, 1941, ch. 214, §9, 55 Stat. 256; amended Dec. 23, 1944, ch. 713, §4, 58 Stat. 919; Aug. 25, 1949, ch. 512, §9, 63 Stat. 665; Pub. L. 96–365, title I, §111, Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1319; Pub. L. 102–237, title VI, §601(6), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1878; Pub. L. 103–354, title I, §119(f)(3), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3208; Pub. L. 106–224, title I, §132(b), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 386; Pub. L. 110–234, title XII, §12033(c)(2)(B), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1405; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XII, §12033(c)(2)(B), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2167; Pub. L. 115–334, title XI, §11119, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4926.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Prior Provisions

A former section 1518, act Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title V, §518, 52 Stat. 77, was transferred to section 1519 of this title at the time of the renumbering of such section 518 of act Feb. 16, 1938, as section 519 by act June 21, 1941, ch. 214, §9, 55 Stat. 256.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–334 inserted "hemp," before "aquacultural species".

2008—Pub. L. 110–246, §12033(c)(2)(B), substituted "this subchapter" for "this chapter".

2000—Pub. L. 106–224 struck out "livestock and" before "stored grain" and "under subsection (a) or (m) of section 1508 of this title" after "by the Board".

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "(m)" for "(k)" after "subsection (a) or".

1991—Pub. L. 102–237 substituted "subsection (a) or (k)" for "subsection (a) or (i)".

1980—Pub. L. 96–365 extended definition of "agricultural commodity" to include tomatoes, grain sorghum, sunflowers, raisins, oranges, sweet corn, dry peas, freezing and canning peas, forage, apples, grapes, nursery crops, and aquacultural species as illustrated but not limited, excluded livestock and stored grain, substituted "sugar cane" for "sugarcane", and inserted reference to subsec. (i) of section 1508 of this title.

1949—Act Aug. 25, 1949, amended section to correct a clerical error in citation of "subsection (a) of section 1508".

1944—Act Dec. 23, 1944, increased scope of definition of "agricultural commodity" from "wheat or cotton" to include all crops now set out.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–224 effective Oct. 1, 2000, see section 171(b)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 106–224, set out as a note under section 1501 of this title.

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–354 effective Oct. 13, 1994, and applicable to provision of crop insurance under Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) beginning with 1995 crop year, with such Act, as in effect on the day before Oct. 13, 1994, to continue to apply with respect to 1994 crop year, see section 120 of Pub. L. 103–354, set out as a note under section 1502 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–365 effective Sept. 26, 1980, see section 112 of Pub. L. 96–365, set out as a note under section 1504 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1622a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 38: DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1622a: Authority to assist farmers and elevator operators
Authority to assist farmers and elevator operators
Status: in_force

The Secretary may provide technical assistance (including information on such financial assistance as may be available) to grain producers and elevator operators to assist such producers and operators in installing or improving grain cleaning, drying or storage equipment.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XX, §2014, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3933.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Grain Quality Incentives Act of 1990, and also as part of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, and not as part of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 which comprises this chapter.
7 U.S.C. § 111 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 5: IMPORTATION OF ADULTERATED SEEDS / Section 111: Repealed. Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, §419, 53 Stat. 1290
Repealed. Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, §419, 53 Stat. 1290
Status: repealed

Sections, act Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 382, §§1–6, 37 Stat. 506, related to regulation of foreign commerce by prohibiting admission into United States of adulterated grain and seeds. See section 1551 et seq. of this title.

Section 111 amended by acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, 39 Stat. 453; Apr. 26, 1926, ch. 186, §1, 44 Stat. 325.

Section 113 amended by act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, 39 Stat. 453.

Sections 115 and 116 amended by act Apr. 26, 1926, ch. 186, §2, 44 Stat. 325.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal; Exceptions

Repeal effective on the one hundred and eightieth day after Aug. 9, 1939, except that notices with respect to imported alfalfa and red clover seed promulgated by the Secretary of Agriculture under authority of former sections 111 to 116 of this title, which were in effect Aug. 9, 1939, remained in full force and effect as if promulgated under sections 1551 to 1610 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3808 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 69: SWINE HEALTH PROTECTION / Section 3808: Cooperation with States
Cooperation with States
Status: in_force

In order to avoid duplication of functions, facilities, and personnel, and to attain closer coordination and greater effectiveness and economy in administration of this chapter and State laws and regulations relating to the feeding of garbage to swine, the Secretary is authorized to enter into cooperative agreements with State departments of agriculture and other State agencies charged with the administration and enforcement of such State laws and regulations and to provide that any such State agency which has adequate facilities, personnel, and procedures, as determined by the Secretary, may assist the Secretary in the administration and enforcement of this chapter and regulations hereunder. The Secretary is further authorized to coordinate the administration of this chapter and regulations with such State laws and regulations whenever feasible: Provided, That nothing herein shall affect the jurisdiction of the Secretary under any other Federal law, or any authority to cooperate with State agencies or other agencies or persons under existing provisions of law, or affect any restrictions upon such cooperation.

(Pub. L. 96–468, §9, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2232.)
7 U.S.C. § 596 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 25A: EXPORT STANDARDS FOR GRAPES AND PLUMS / Section 596: Refusal of certificates for violations of law; penalties for violations
Refusal of certificates for violations of law; penalties for violations
Status: in_force

After opportunity for hearing the Secretary is authorized to refuse the issuance of certificates under this chapter for periods not exceeding ninety days to any person who ships or offers for shipment any grapes or plums in foreign commerce in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter. Any person or any common carrier or any transportation agency violating any of the provisions of this chapter shall be fined not less than $100 nor more than $10,000 by a court of competent jurisdiction.

(Pub. L. 86–687, §6, Sept. 2, 1960, 74 Stat. 734.)
7 U.S.C. § 493 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 20: DUMPING OR DESTRUCTION OF INTERSTATE PRODUCE / Section 493: Enforcement of provisions; prosecution of cases
Enforcement of provisions; prosecution of cases
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to enforce this chapter. It is made the duty of all United States attorneys to prosecute cases arising under this chapter, subject to the supervision and control of the Department of Justice.

(Mar. 3, 1927, ch. 309, §2, 44 Stat. 1355.)
7 U.S.C. § 5213 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 83: AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS AND TRADE / Subchapter II: AGRICULTURAL TRADE INITIATIVES / Section 5213: Joint development assistance agreements with certain trading partners
Joint development assistance agreements with certain trading partners
Status: in_force

(a) Development of plan

With respect to any country that has a substantial positive trade balance with the United States, the Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the Secretary of State and (through the Secretary of State) representatives of such country, may develop an appropriate plan under which that country would purchase United States agricultural commodities or products for use in development activities in developing countries. In developing such plan, the Secretary of Agriculture shall take into consideration the agricultural economy of such country, the nature and extent of such country's programs to assist developing countries, and other relevant factors. The Secretary of Agriculture shall submit each such plan to the President as soon as practicable.

(b) Agreement

The President may enter into an agreement with any country that has a positive trade balance with the United States under which that country would purchase United States agricultural commodities or products for use in agreed-on development activities in developing countries.

(Pub. L. 100–418, title IV, §4203, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1392.)
7 U.S.C. § 171 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 8A: RUBBER AND OTHER CRITICAL AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 171: Program for development of guayule and other rubber-bearing plants
Program for development of guayule and other rubber-bearing plants
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Agriculture (hereinafter called the "Secretary") is authorized—

(1) To acquire by purchase, license, or other agreement, the right to operate under processes or patents relating to the growing and harvesting of guayule or the extraction of rubber therefrom, and such properties, processes, records, and data as are necessary to such operation, including but not limited to any such rights owned or controlled by the Intercontinental Rubber Company, or any of its subsidiaries, and all equipment, materials, structures, factories, real property, seed, seedlings, growing shrub, and other facilities, patents and processes of the Intercontinental Rubber Company, or any of its subsidiaries, located in California, and for such rights, properties, and facilities of the Intercontinental Rubber Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Secretary is authorized to pay not to exceed $2,000,000;

(2) To plant, or contract for the planting of, not in excess of five hundred thousand acres of guayule in areas in the Western Hemisphere where the best growth and yields may be expected in order to maintain a nucleus planting of guayule to serve as a domestic source of crude rubber as well as of planting material for use in further expanding guayule planting to meet emergency needs of the United States for crude rubber; to establish and maintain nurseries to provide seedlings for field plants; and to purchase necessary equipment, facilities, land for nurseries and administrative sites and water rights;

(3) To acquire by lease, or other agreement, for not exceeding ten years, rights to land for the purpose of making plantings of guayule; to acquire water rights; to erect necessary buildings on leased land where suitable land cannot be purchased; to make surveys, directly or through appropriate Government agencies, of areas in the Western Hemisphere where guayule might be grown; and to establish and maintain records indicating areas to which guayule cultivation could be extended for emergency production;

(4) To construct or operate, or to contract for the operation of, factories for the extraction of rubber from guayule, and from Chrysothamnus, commonly known as rabbit brush; to purchase guayule shrub; and to purchase, operate, and maintain equipment for the harvesting, storing, transporting, and complete processing of guayule, and Chrysothamnus, commonly known as rabbit brush, and to purchase land as sites for processing plants;

(5) To conduct studies, in which he may cooperate with any other public or private agency, designed to increase the yield of guayule by breeding or by selection, and to improve planting methods; to make surveys of areas suitable for cultivating guayule; to make experimental plantings; and to conduct agronomic tests;

(6) To conduct tests, in which he may cooperate with any other public or private agency, to determine the qualities of rubber obtained from guayule and to determine the most favorable methods of compounding and using guayule in rubber manufacturing processes;

(7) To improve methods of processing guayule shrubs and rubber and to obtain and hold patents on such new processes;

(8) To sell guayule or rubber processed from guayule and to use funds so obtained in replanting and maintaining an area not in excess of five hundred thousand acres of guayule inside the Western Hemisphere; and

(9) To exercise with respect to rubber-bearing plants other than guayule the same powers as are granted in the foregoing provisions of this section with respect to guayule.

(Mar. 5, 1942, ch. 140, §1, 56 Stat. 126; Oct. 20, 1942, ch. 617, §§1–4, 56 Stat. 796, 797.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1942—Par. (2). Act Oct. 20, 1942, §1, increased acreage from 75,000 to 500,000 and inserted reference to land for administrative sites and water rights.

Par. (3). Act Oct. 20, 1942, §2, inserted "to acquire water rights; to erect necessary buildings on leased land where suitable land cannot be purchased;".

Par. (4). Act Oct. 20, 1942, §3, inserted "to purchase guayule shrub;".

Par. (8). Act Oct. 20, 1942, §4, substituted "not in excess of five hundred" for "of seventy-five".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Additional Acreage Authorized

Act Oct. 26, 1942, ch. 629, title II, 56 Stat. 1002, provided that: "The Secretary of Agriculture, in connection with the appropriations herein and heretofore made for such project, is authorized to plant, or contract for the planting of, not to exceed twenty-five thousand acres of guayule in areas in the Western Hemisphere in addition to the acreage permitted under the provisions of paragraph (1), section 1 of the act of March 5, 1942 (Public Law 473) [par. (1) of this section]."
7 U.S.C. § 2008e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008e: Prohibition under rural development programs
Prohibition under rural development programs
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition

Assistance under any rural development program administered by the Rural Development Administration, the Farmers Home Administration, the Rural Electrification Administration, or any other agency of the Department of Agriculture shall not be conditioned on any requirement that the recipient of such assistance accept or receive electric service from any particular utility, supplier, or cooperative.

(b) Ensuring compliance

The Secretary shall establish, by regulation, adequate safeguards to ensure that assistance under such rural development programs is not subject to such a condition. Such safeguards shall include periodic certifications and audits, and appropriate measures and sanctions against any person violating, or attempting to violate, the prohibition in subsection (a).

(c) Regulations

Not later than 6 months after November 1, 1993, the Secretary shall issue interim final regulations to ensure compliance with subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §370, as added Pub. L. 103–129, §5, Nov. 1, 1993, 107 Stat. 1366.)
7 U.S.C. § 2134 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 54: TRANSPORTATION, SALE, AND HANDLING OF CERTAIN ANIMALS / Section 2134: Valid license for dealers and exhibitors required
Valid license for dealers and exhibitors required
Status: in_force

No dealer or exhibitor shall sell or offer to sell or transport or offer for transportation, in commerce, to any research facility or for exhibition or for use as a pet any animal, or buy, sell, offer to buy or sell, transport or offer for transportation, in commerce, to or from another dealer or exhibitor under this chapter any animals, unless and until such dealer or exhibitor shall have obtained a license from the Secretary and such license shall not have been suspended or revoked.

(Pub. L. 89–544, §4, Aug. 24, 1966, 80 Stat. 351; Pub. L. 91–579, §5, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1561; Pub. L. 94–279, §5, Apr. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 418.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1976—Pub. L. 94–279 substituted "in commerce" for "affecting commerce" in two places.

1970—Pub. L. 91–579 inserted references to exhibitors, offers to sell, and offers to transport, and substituted references to animals for references to dogs and cats.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 91–579 effective one year after Dec. 24, 1970, see section 23 of Pub. L. 91–579, set out as a note under section 2131 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1736e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter IV: GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS / Section 1736e: Debt forgiveness
Debt forgiveness
Status: in_force

(a) Authority

The President, taking into account the financial resources of a country, may waive payments of principal and interest that such country would otherwise be required to make to the Commodity Credit Corporation under dollar sales agreements under subchapter II if—

(1) that country is a least developed country; and

(2) either—

(A) an International Monetary Fund standby agreement is in effect with respect to that country;

(B) a structural adjustment program of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or of the International Development Association is in effect with respect to that country;

(C) a structural adjustment facility, enhanced structural adjustment facility, or similar supervised arrangement with the International Monetary Fund is in effect with respect to that country; or

(D) even though such an agreement, program, facility, or arrangement is not in effect, the country is pursuing national economic policy reforms that would promote democratic, market-oriented, and long term economic development.

(b) Request for debt relief by President

The President may provide debt relief under subsection (a) only if a notification is submitted to Congress at least 10 days prior to providing the debt relief. Such a notification shall—

(1) specify the amount of official debt the President proposes to liquidate; and

(2) identify the countries for which debt relief is proposed and the basis for their eligibility for such relief.

(c) Appropriations action required

The aggregate amount of principal and interest waived under this section may not exceed the amount approved for such purpose in an Act appropriating funds to carry out this chapter.

(d) Limitation on new credit assistance

If the authority of this section is used to waive payments otherwise required to be made by a country pursuant to this chapter, the President may not provide any new credit assistance for that country under this chapter during the 2-year period beginning on the date such waiver authority is exercised, unless the President provides to the Congress, before the assistance is provided, a written justification for the provision of such new credit assistance.

(e) Applicability

The authority of this section applies with respect to credit sales agreements entered into before November 28, 1990.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title IV, §411, as added Pub. L. 91–524, title VII, §704, Nov. 30, 1970, as added Pub. L. 93–86, §1(26), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 237; amended Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3654; Pub. L. 102–237, title III, §§322, 326, 336, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1857, 1859.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1991—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–237, §326, substituted "subchapter II" for "this subchapter" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–237, §336, inserted "at least 10 days prior to providing the debt relief" before period at end of first sentence.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–237, §322, substituted "November 28, 1990" for "the date of enactment of this Act".

1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions prohibiting assistance under subchapters II, III and III–A of this chapter to North Vietnam after July 1, 1973, unless specifically authorized by Act of Congress.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.

Renegotiation of Payment Terms of Loans for Sale of Agricultural Commodities

Pub. L. 102–27, title II, Apr. 10, 1991, 105 Stat. 147, as amended by Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3001(c), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1821, provided that: "Title I of the Public Law 480 [7 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.] program allowed for the repayment of loans for the sale of agricultural commodities in foreign or local currencies until December 31, 1971. Since that time, until the law was changed in the 1985 farm bill [probably means Pub. L. 99–198, see Tables for classification], all sales have been on dollar credit terms. In view of the present financial situation, it is impossible for many countries to repay their loans in dollars. Therefore, the President may use the authority in section 411 and section 604 of the Food for Peace Act [7 U.S.C. 1736e, 1738c] to renegotiate the payment on Public Law 480 debt in eligible countries in Latin America, the Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa."

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions of President under this section delegated to Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with Food Assistance Policy Council and Department of the Treasury, by section 4(d) of Ex. Ord. No. 12752, Feb. 25, 1991, 56 F.R. 8256, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1738h (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter VI: ENTERPRISE FOR THE AMERICAS INITIATIVE / Section 1738h: Disbursement of environmental funds
Disbursement of environmental funds
Status: in_force

Funds in an Environmental Fund shall be disbursed only pursuant to a framework agreement entered into pursuant to section 1738f of this title.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title VI, §609, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3661.)
7 U.S.C. § 940 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 31: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND TELEPHONE SERVICE / Subchapter III: RURAL ELECTRIC AND TELEPHONE DIRECT LOAN PROGRAMS / Section 940: Refinancing of rural development loans
Refinancing of rural development loans
Status: in_force

At the request of the borrower, the Secretary is authorized and directed to refinance with loans which will be insured under this chapter at the interest rates provided in section 935 of this title any loans made for rural electric and telephone facilities under any provision of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act [7 U.S.C. 1921 et seq.].

(May 20, 1936, ch. 432, title III, §310, as added Pub. L. 93–32, §2, May 11, 1973, 87 Stat. 70; amended Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §235(a)(13), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3221.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act, referred to in text, is title III of Pub. L. 87–128, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 307, which is classified principally to chapter 50 (§1921 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of the Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1921 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective May 11, 1973, see section 12 of Pub. L. 93–32, set out as a note under section 930 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2008o (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008o: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VI, §6601(a)(1)(D), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4775
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VI, §6601(a)(1)(D), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4775
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §379A, as added Pub. L. 107–171, title VI, §6023, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 370; amended Pub. L. 110–234, title VI, §6020, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1172; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VI, §6020, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1934, related to historic barn preservation.
7 U.S.C. § 6935 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter II: FARM PRODUCTION AND CONSERVATION / Section 6935: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title XII, §12414(b), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4981
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title XII, §12414(b), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4981
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 113–79, title III, §3208, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 781, related to Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs.
7 U.S.C. § 927 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 31: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND TELEPHONE SERVICE / Subchapter II: RURAL TELEPHONE SERVICE / Section 927: General duties and prohibitions
General duties and prohibitions
Status: in_force

(a) Duties

The Secretary shall—

(1) in evaluating the feasibility of a telephone loan to be made to a borrower for telephone services, use—

(A) with respect to items for which the regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the provision of such services has approved the depreciation rates used by the borrower, such approved rates; and

(B) with respect to other items, the average of the depreciation rates used by borrowers of telephone loans made under this chapter;

(2) annually determine and publish the average described in paragraph (2)(B); and

(3) make loans for all purposes for which telephone loans are authorized under section 922 of this title, to the extent of qualifying applications therefor.

(b) Prohibitions

The Secretary shall not—

(1) rescind an insured telephone loan made under this chapter without the consent of the borrower, unless all of the purposes for which telephone loans have been made to the borrower under this chapter have been accomplished with funds provided under this chapter;

(2) regulate the order or sequence of advances of funds under telephone loans made under this chapter to any borrower who has received any combination of telephone loans from the Secretary or the Federal Financing Bank; or

(3) deny a loan or advance to, or take any other adverse action against, an applicant for, or a borrower of, a telephone loan under this chapter for any reason that is not based on a rule, regulation, bulletin, or other written policy standard that has not been published pursuant to section 553 of title 5.

(May 20, 1936, ch. 432, title II, §206, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XXIII, §2357, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4040; amended Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §235(a)(7), (13), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3221; Pub. L. 115–334, title VI, §6602(b)(4), (5), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4776.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–334, §6602(b)(4)(A), struck out "and the Governor of the telephone bank" after "The Secretary" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 115–334, §602(b)(4)(B), (D), redesignated pars. (2) and (3) as (1) and (2), respectively, and struck out par. (1) which read as follows: "notwithstanding section 553(a)(2) of title 5, cause to be published in the Federal Register, in accordance with subsections (b) through (e) of section 553 of such title, all rules, regulations, bulletins, and other written policy standards governing the operations of the telephone loan and loan guarantee programs administered under this chapter other than those relating to agency management and personnel;".

Subsec. (a)(3), (4). Pub. L. 115–334, §6602(b)(4)(C), (D), redesignated par. (4) as (3) and struck out "or 948" after "section 922". Former par. (3) redesignated (2).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–334, §6602(b)(5)(A), struck out "and the Governor of the telephone bank" after "The Secretary" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, §6602(b)(5)(B), struck out ", or a Rural Telephone Bank loan," after "an insured telephone loan".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, §6602(b)(5)(C), struck out ", the Rural Telephone Bank," after "from the Secretary".

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator" in subsecs. (a) and (b) and "Secretary" for "Rural Electrification Administration" in subsec. (b)(2).
7 U.S.C. § 1432 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1432: Extension of price support on long staple cotton seeds and products
Extension of price support on long staple cotton seeds and products
Status: in_force

Any price support program in effect on cottonseed or any of its products shall be extended to the same seed and products of the cottons defined under section 1347(a) of this title.

(Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title IV, §420, as added July 17, 1952, ch. 933, §3(2), 66 Stat. 759.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1347 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 98–88, §2, Aug. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 494.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Inapplicability of Section

Section inapplicable to 2014 through 2018 crops of covered commodities, cotton, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Feb. 7, 2014, through Dec. 31, 2018, see section 9092(b)(10) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2008 through 2012 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning June 18, 2008, through Dec. 31, 2012, see section 8782(b)(10) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning May 13, 2002, through Dec. 31, 2007, see section 7992(b)(10) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 1996 through 2002 crops of loan commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Apr. 4, 1996, and ending Dec. 31, 2002, see section 7301(b)(1)(J) of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 165a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 8: NURSERY STOCK AND OTHER PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS / Section 165a: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act May 16, 1928, ch. 572, 45 Stat. 565, provided that the functions of the Federal Horticultural Board should devolve upon and be exercised by the Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. Said act also created an Advisory Federal Plant Quarantine Board which was abolished by act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 203, 47 Stat. 1463. Appropriations to enable the Secretary of Agriculture to carry into effect the provisions of this chapter, which in prior appropriation acts had been made to the Plant Quarantine and Control Administration, were made to the Bureau of Plant Quarantine by the appropriation act of July 7, 1932, ch. 443, 47 Stat. 640, and to the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine by the appropriation act of Mar. 26, 1934, ch. 89, 48 Stat. 486, and subsequent appropriation acts.
7 U.S.C. § 2008 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008: Rural development and farm loan program activities
Rural development and farm loan program activities
Status: in_force

The Secretary may not complete a study of, or enter into a contract with a private party to carry out, without specific authorization in a subsequent Act of Congress, a competitive sourcing activity of the Secretary, including support personnel of the Department of Agriculture, relating to rural development or farm loan programs.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §365, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title V, §5306, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1153, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title V, §5306, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1915.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2008, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §365, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XXIII, §2316(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4000; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title VII, §701(e), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1879, related to system for delivery of certain rural development programs, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §753(a), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1131.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2708 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 60: EGG RESEARCH AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 2708: Referendum among egg producers
Referendum among egg producers
Status: in_force

(a) Producer approval of order

The Secretary shall conduct a referendum among egg producers not exempt hereunder who, during a representative period determined by the Secretary, have been engaged in the production of commercial eggs, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the issuance of an order is approved or favored by such producers. No order issued pursuant to this chapter shall be effective unless the Secretary determines that the issuance of such order is approved or favored by not less than two-thirds of the producers voting in such referendum, or by a majority of the producers voting in such referendum if such majority produced not less than two-thirds of the commercial eggs produced during a representative period defined by the Secretary.

(b) Request by Egg Board for referendum

(1) If the Egg Board determines, based on a scientific study, marketing analysis, or other similar competent evidence, that an increase in the assessment rate is needed to ensure that assessments under the order are set at an appropriate level to effectuate the policy declared in section 2701 of this title, the Egg Board may request that the Secretary conduct a referendum, as provided in paragraph (2).

(2)(A) If the Egg Board requests the Secretary to conduct a referendum under paragraph (1) or (3), the Secretary shall conduct a referendum among egg producers not exempt from this chapter who, during a representative period determined by the Secretary, have been engaged in the production of commercial eggs, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the producers approve the change in the assessment rate proposed by the Egg Board.

(B) The change in the assessment rate shall become effective if the change is approved or favored by—

(i) not less than two-thirds of the producers voting in the referendum; or

(ii) a majority of the producers voting in the referendum, if the majority produced not less than two-thirds of all the commercial eggs produced by the producers voting during a representative period defined by the Secretary.

(3)(A) In the case of the order in effect on December 14, 1993, the Egg Board shall determine under paragraph (1), as soon as practicable after December 14, 1993, whether to request that the Secretary conduct a referendum under paragraph (2).

(B) If the Egg Board makes such a request on the basis of competent evidence, as provided in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct the referendum as soon as practicable, but not later than—

(i) 120 days after receipt of the request from the Egg Board; or

(ii) if the Director of the Office of Management and Budget determines that the change in the assessment rate is a significant action that requires review by the Director, 170 days after receipt of the request from the Egg Board.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, if an increase in the assessment rate and the authority for additional increases is approved by producers in a referendum conducted under this subsection, the Secretary shall amend the order to reflect the vote of the producers. The amendment to the order shall become effective on the date of issuance of the amendment.

(c) Nonapproval of amendments as not invalidating order

The failure of egg producers to approve an amendment to any Egg Research and Promotion Order shall not be deemed to invalidate such order.

(Pub. L. 93–428, §9, Oct. 1, 1974, 88 Stat. 1176; Pub. L. 96–276, §5, June 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 541; Pub. L. 103–188, §2(b), Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2256.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1993—Pub. L. 103–188 designated first and second sentences of existing provisions as subsec. (a), added subsec. (b), and designated last sentence of existing provisions as subsec. (c).

1980—Pub. L. 96–276 provided that failure of egg producers to approve an amendment to any Egg Research and Promotion Order shall not be deemed to invalidate the order.
7 U.S.C. § 2254a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2254a: Availability of funds appropriated for Agricultural Research Service for research related to tobacco or tobacco products
Availability of funds appropriated for Agricultural Research Service for research related to tobacco or tobacco products
Status: in_force

On and after December 26, 2007, none of the funds appropriated under this heading shall be available to carry out research related to the production, processing, or marketing of tobacco or tobacco products.

(Pub. L. 110–161, div. A, title I, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1850.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This heading, referred to in text, refers to the headings "Agricultural Research Service" and "salaries and expenses" of title I of div. A of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008, Pub. L. 110–161.
7 U.S.C. § 6708 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 96: GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE / Section 6708: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VIII, §8301(a), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4840
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VIII, §8301(a), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4840
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XXIV, §2410, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4061, related to biomass energy demonstration projects.
7 U.S.C. § 499b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 20A: PERISHABLE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 499b: Unfair conduct
Unfair conduct
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful in or in connection with any transaction in interstate or foreign commerce:

(1) For any commission merchant, dealer, or broker to engage in or use any unfair, unreasonable, discriminatory, or deceptive practice in connection with the weighing, counting, or in any way determining the quantity of any perishable agricultural commodity received, bought, sold, shipped, or handled in interstate or foreign commerce.

(2) For any dealer to reject or fail to deliver in accordance with the terms of the contract without reasonable cause any perishable agricultural commodity bought or sold or contracted to be bought, sold, or consigned in interstate or foreign commerce by such dealer.

(3) For any commission merchant to discard, dump, or destroy without reasonable cause, any perishable agricultural commodity received by such commission merchant in interstate or foreign commerce.

(4) For any commission merchant, dealer, or broker to make, for a fraudulent purpose, any false or misleading statement in connection with any transaction involving any perishable agricultural commodity which is received in interstate or foreign commerce by such commission merchant, or bought or sold, or contracted to be bought, sold, or consigned, in such commerce by such dealer, or the purchase or sale of which in such commerce is negotiated by such broker; or to fail or refuse truly and correctly to account and make full payment promptly in respect of any transaction in any such commodity to the person with whom such transaction is had; or to fail, without reasonable cause, to perform any specification or duty, express or implied, arising out of any undertaking in connection with any such transaction; or to fail to maintain the trust as required under section 499e(c) of this title. However, this paragraph shall not be considered to make the good faith offer, solicitation, payment, or receipt of collateral fees and expenses, in and of itself, unlawful under this chapter.

(5) For any commission merchant, dealer, or broker to misrepresent by word, act, mark, stencil, label, statement, or deed, the character, kind, grade, quality, quantity, size, pack, weight, condition, degree of maturity, or State, country, or region of origin of any perishable agricultural commodity received, shipped, sold, or offered to be sold in interstate or foreign commerce. However, any commission merchant, dealer, or broker who has violated—

(A) any provision of this paragraph may, with the consent of the Secretary, admit the violation or violations; or

(B) any provision of this paragraph relating to a misrepresentation by mark, stencil, or label shall be permitted by the Secretary to admit the violation or violations if such violation or violations are not repeated or flagrant;

and pay, in the case of a violation under either clause (A) or (B) of this paragraph, a monetary penalty not to exceed $2,000 in lieu of a formal proceeding for the suspension or revocation of license, any payment so made to be deposited into the Treasury of the United States as miscellaneous receipts. A person other than the first licensee handling misbranded perishable agricultural commodities shall not be held liable for a violation of this paragraph by reason of the conduct of another if the person did not have knowledge of the violation or lacked the ability to correct the violation.

(6) For any commission merchant, dealer, or broker, for a fraudulent purpose, to remove, alter, or tamper with any card, stencil, stamp, tag, or other notice placed upon any container or railroad car containing any perishable agricultural commodity, if such card, stencil, stamp, tag, or other notice contains a certificate or statement under authority of any Federal or State inspector or in compliance with any Federal or State law or regulation as to the grade or quality of the commodity contained in such container or railroad car or the State or country in which such commodity was produced.

(7) For any commission merchant, dealer or broker, without the consent of an inspector, to make, cause, or permit to be made any change by way of substitution or otherwise in the contents of a load or lot of any perishable agricultural commodity after it has been officially inspected for grading and certification, but this shall not prohibit re-sorting and discarding inferior produce.

(June 10, 1930, ch. 436, §2, 46 Stat. 532; Apr. 13, 1934, ch. 120, §§2, 3, 48 Stat. 585; June 19, 1936, ch. 602, §1, 49 Stat. 1533; Aug. 20, 1937, ch. 719, §§2–4, 50 Stat. 725, 726; June 29, 1940, ch. 456, §§3, 4, 54 Stat. 696; Apr. 6, 1942, ch. 211, 56 Stat. 200; July 30, 1956, ch. 786, §1, 70 Stat. 726; Pub. L. 93–369, Aug. 10, 1974, 88 Stat. 423; Pub. L. 97–352, §1, Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1667; Pub. L. 98–273, §2, May 7, 1984, 98 Stat. 166; Pub. L. 104–48, §§9(b), 10, Nov. 15, 1995, 109 Stat. 430.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 552 of this title.

Amendments

1995—Pub. L. 104–48, §9(b)(1), substituted "commerce:" for "commerce—" in introductory provisions.

Pars. (1) to (3). Pub. L. 104–48, §9(b)(2), substituted period for semicolon at end.

Par. (4). Pub. L. 104–48, §9(b)(2), (3), substituted period for semicolon after "section 499e(c) of this title" and inserted at end "However, this paragraph shall not be considered to make the good faith offer, solicitation, payment, or receipt of collateral fees and expenses, in and of itself, unlawful under this chapter."

Par. (5). Pub. L. 104–48, §§9(b)(2), 10, substituted "foreign commerce. However," for "foreign commerce: Provided, That", substituted period for semicolon after "miscellaneous receipts", and inserted at end "A person other than the first licensee handling misbranded perishable agricultural commodities shall not be held liable for a violation of this paragraph by reason of the conduct of another if the person did not have knowledge of the violation or lacked the ability to correct the violation."

Par. (6). Pub. L. 104–48, §9(b)(2), substituted period for semicolon at end.

1984—Par. (4). Pub. L. 98–273 inserted "or to fail to maintain the trust as required under section 499e(c) of this title;".

1982—Par. (5). Pub. L. 97–352 substituted "Provided, That any commission merchant, dealer, or broker who has violated (A) any provision of this paragraph may, with the consent of the Secretary, admit the violation or violations; or (B) any provision of this paragraph relating to a misrepresentation by mark, stencil, or label shall be permitted by the Secretary to admit the violation or violations if such violation or violations are not repeated or flagrant; and pay, in the case of a violation under either clause (A) or (B) of this paragraph," for "Provided, That any commission merchant, dealer, or broker who has violated this paragraph may, with the consent of the Secretary, admit the violation or violations and pay".

1974—Par. (5). Pub. L. 93–369 inserted proviso for consent admission of violations, payment of monetary penalty not in excess of $2,000 in lieu of formal proceedings for suspension or revocation of license, and for deposit of the payments into the Treasury of the United States as miscellaneous receipts.

1956—Par. (5). Act July 30, 1956, struck out "for a fraudulent purpose" after "broker", and included misrepresentation of region of origin.

1942—Par. (4). Act Apr. 6, 1942, inserted "and make full payment" and "or to fail, without reasonable cause, to perform any specification or duty, express or implied, arising out of any undertaking in connection with any such transaction".

1940—Par. (1). Act June 29, 1940, §3, among other changes, inserted "dealer" after "merchant".

Par. (5). Act June 29, 1940, inserted "quantity, size, pack, weight" after "quality".

1937—Par. (5). Act Aug. 20, 1937, §2, among other changes, inserted "mark, stencil, label, statement" after "act" and "the character, kind, grade, quality, condition, degree of maturity" after "or deed".

Par. (6). Act Aug. 20, 1937, §3, inserted "or in compliance with any Federal or State law or regulation" after "inspector".

Par. (7). Act Aug. 20, 1937, §4, added par. (7).

1936—Par. (4). Act June 17, 1936, struck out "or concerning the condition of the market for" after "involving".

1934—Par. (2). Act Apr. 13, 1934, §2, inserted "or consigned" after "sold".

Par. (4). Act Apr. 13, 1934, §3, substituted "in connection with any transaction involving or concerning" for "concerning the condition, quality, quantity or disposition of" and inserted "or consigned" after "contracted to be bought or sold".
7 U.S.C. § 7034 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter X: FREEDOM TO E-FILE / Section 7034: Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and Risk Management Agency
Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and Risk Management Agency
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than December 1, 2000, the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and the Risk Management Agency shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a plan, that is consistent with this subchapter, to allow agricultural producers to—

(1) obtain, over the Internet, from approved insurance providers all forms and other information concerning the program under the jurisdiction of the Corporation and Agency in which the agricultural producer is a participant; and

(2) file electronically all paperwork required for participation in the program.

(b) Administration

The plan shall—

(1) conform to sections 7031(c) and 7032(b) of this title; and

(2) prescribe—

(A) the location and type of data to be made available to agricultural producers;

(B) the location where agricultural producers can electronically file their paperwork; and

(C) the responsibilities of the applicable parties, including agricultural producers, the Risk Management Agency, the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, approved insurance providers, crop insurance agents, and brokers.

(c) Implementation

Not later than December 1, 2001, the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and the Risk Management Agency shall complete implementation of the plan submitted under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 106–222, §5, June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 355.)
7 U.S.C. § 2616 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 58: POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION / Section 2616: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

The Secretary is authorized to make such regulations with the force and effect of law, as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter and the powers vested in him by this chapter.

(Pub. L. 91–670, title III, §307, Jan. 11, 1971, 84 Stat. 2042.)
7 U.S.C. § 95 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 4: NAVAL STORES / Section 95: Prohibition of acts deemed injurious to commerce in naval stores
Prohibition of acts deemed injurious to commerce in naval stores
Status: in_force

The following acts are hereby declared injurious to commerce in naval stores and are hereby prohibited and made unlawful:

(a) The sale in commerce of any naval stores, or of anything offered as such, except under or by reference to United States standards.

(b) The sale of any naval stores under or by reference to United States standards which is other than what it is represented to be.

(c) The use in commerce of the word "turpentine" or the word "rosin," singly or with any other word or words, or of any compound, derivative, or imitation of either such word, or of any misleading word, or of any word, combination of words, letter, or combination of letters, provided herein or by the Secretary of Agriculture to be used to designate naval stores of any kind or grade, in selling, offering for sale, advertising, or shipping anything other than naval stores of the United States standards.

(d) The use in commerce of any false, misleading, or deceitful means or practice in the sale of naval stores or of anything offered as such.

(Mar. 3, 1923, ch. 217, §5, 42 Stat. 1436.)
7 U.S.C. § 1506a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 36: CROP INSURANCE / Subchapter I: FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE / Section 1506a: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 1506a, act July 30, 1947, ch. 356, title II, §202, 61 Stat. 550, which related to authority of Federal Crop Insurance Corporation to make expenditures, was from the Department of Agriculture Appropriation Act, 1948, and was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts.

Section 1506b, acts June 29, 1954, ch. 409, title II, §201, 68 Stat. 317; May 23, 1955, ch. 43, title II, §201, 69 Stat. 60; June 4, 1956, ch. 355, title II, §201, 70 Stat. 238, which provided that crop inspection costs and loss adjustments could be considered as nonadministrative or nonoperating expenses, was from the Department of Agriculture and Farm Credit Administration Appropriation Acts for fiscal years 1955–57, and was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts.
7 U.S.C. § 5607 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 5607: Exporter assistance initiative
Exporter assistance initiative
Status: in_force

To provide a comprehensive source of information to facilitate exports of United States agricultural commodities, the Secretary shall maintain on a website on the Internet information to assist exporters and potential exporters of United States agricultural commodities.

(Pub. L. 95–501, title I, §107, as added Pub. L. 107–171, title III, §3101, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 288.)
7 U.S.C. § 855 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 30: ANTI-HOG-CHOLERA SERUM AND HOG-CHOLERA VIRUS / Section 855: Applicability of other laws
Applicability of other laws
Status: in_force

Subject to the policy declared in section 851 of this title, the provisions of subsections (6) to (9) of section 608a and of subsections (14) and (15) of section 608c of this title, are made applicable in connection with orders issued pursuant to section 854 of this title, and the provisions of section 608d of this title are made applicable in connection with marketing agreements entered into pursuant to section 852 of this title and orders issued pursuant to section 854 of this title. The provisions of subsections (a), (b)(2), (c), (f), (h), and (i) of section 610 of this title, are made applicable in connection with the administration of this chapter.

(Aug. 24, 1935, ch. 641, §60, 49 Stat. 782.)
7 U.S.C. § 1736g (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter IV: GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS / Section 1736g: Coordination of foreign assistance programs
Coordination of foreign assistance programs
Status: in_force

To the maximum extent practicable, assistance for a foreign country under subchapter III–A shall be coordinated and integrated with United States development assistance objectives and programs for that country and with the overall development strategy of that country. Special emphasis should be placed on, and funds devoted to, activities that will increase the nutritional impact of programs of assistance under subchapter III–A, and child survival programs and projects, in least developed countries by improving the design and implementation of such programs and projects.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title IV, §413, as added Pub. L. 96–53, title II, §210, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 370; amended Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3656; Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §221, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 958; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3022, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1829; Pub. L. 113–79, title III, §3015, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 778.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014—Pub. L. 113–79 struck out subsec. (a) designation and heading before "To the maximum" and struck out subsec. (b) which required a report to Congress regarding efforts to improve procurement planning not later than 90 days after June 18, 2008.

2008—Pub. L. 110–246 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).

1996—Pub. L. 104–127 substituted "subchapter III–A" for "this chapter" in two places.

1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions requiring, to maximum extent practicable, availability of commodities on multiyear basis.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Pub. L. 96–53, set out as an Effective Date of 1979 Amendment note under section 2151 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
7 U.S.C. § 10a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 1: COMMODITY EXCHANGES / Section 10a: Cooperative associations and corporations, exclusion from board of trade; rules of board inapplicable to payment of compensation by association
Cooperative associations and corporations, exclusion from board of trade; rules of board inapplicable to payment of compensation by association
Status: in_force

(a) No board of trade which has been designated or registered as a contract market or a derivatives transaction execution facility exclude 1 from membership in, and all privileges on, such board of trade, any association or corporation engaged in cash commodity business having adequate financial responsibility which is organized under the cooperative laws of any State, or which has been recognized as a cooperative association of producers by the United States Government or by any agency thereof, if such association or corporation complies and agrees to comply with such terms and conditions as are or may be imposed lawfully upon other members of such board, and as are or may be imposed lawfully upon a cooperative association of producers engaged in cash commodity business, unless such board of trade is authorized by the commission to exclude such association or corporation from membership and privileges after hearing held upon at least three days' notice subsequent to the filing of complaint by the board of trade: Provided, however, That if any such association or corporation shall fail to meet its obligations with any established clearing house or clearing agency of any contract market, such association or corporation shall be ipso facto debarred from further trading on such contract market, except such trading as may be necessary to close open trades and to discharge existing contracts in accordance with the rules of such contract market applicable in such cases. Such commission may prescribe that such association or corporation shall have and retain membership and privileges, with or without imposing conditions, or it may permit such board of trade immediately to bar such association or corporation from membership and privileges. Any order of said commission entered hereunder shall be reviewable by the court of appeals for the circuit in which such association or corporation, or such board of trade, has its principal place of business, on written petition either of such association or corporation, or of such board of trade, under the procedure provided in section 8(b) of this title, but such order shall not be stayed by the court pending review.

(b) No rule of any board of trade designated or registered as a contract market or a derivatives transaction execution facility shall forbid or be construed to forbid the payment of compensation on a commodity-unit basis, or otherwise, by any federated cooperative association to its regional member-associations for services rendered or to be rendered in connection with any organization work, educational activity, or procurement of patronage, provided no part of any such compensation is returned to patrons (whether members or nonmembers) of such cooperative association, or of its regional or local member-associations, otherwise than as a dividend on capital stock or as a patronage dividend out of the net earnings or surplus of such federated cooperative association.

(Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 369, §6a, as added June 15, 1936, ch. 545, §9, 49 Stat. 1499; amended June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §32(a), 62 Stat. 991; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §127, 63 Stat. 107; Pub. L. 102–546, title II, §209(b)(4), title IV, §402(8), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3607, 3625; Pub. L. 106–554, §1(a)(5) [title I, §123(a)(13)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–409.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–554, §1(a)(5) [title I, §123(a)(13)(A)], substituted "designated or registered as a contract market or a derivatives transaction execution facility" for "designated as a 'contract market' shall".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–554, §1(a)(5) [title I, §123(a)(13)(B)], substituted "designated or registered as a contract market or a derivatives transaction execution facility" for "designated as a contract market".

1992—Pub. L. 102–546 redesignated subsecs. (1) and (2) as (a) and (b), respectively, and in subsec. (a) substituted reference to section 8(b) of this title for reference to section 8 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Act June 25, 1948, as amended by act May 24, 1949, substituted "court of appeals" for "circuit court of appeals" wherever appearing.

Effective Date

For effective date of section, see section 13 of act June 15, 1936, set out as an Effective Date of 1936 Amendment note under section 1 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should read "shall exclude".
7 U.S.C. § 5671 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 5671: Agricultural embargo protection
Agricultural embargo protection
Status: in_force

(a) Prerequisites; scope of compensation

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if—

(1) the President or other member of the executive branch of the Federal Government causes the export of any agricultural commodity to any country or area of the world to be suspended or restricted for reasons of national security or foreign policy under the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2401 et seq.) 1 or under any other provision of law;

(2) such suspension or restriction of the export of such agricultural commodity is imposed other than in connection with a suspension or restriction of all exports from the United States to such country or area of the world; and

(3) sales of such agricultural commodity for export from the United States to such country or area of the world during the year preceding the year in which the suspension or restriction is imposed exceeds 3 percent of the total sales of such commodity for export from the United States to all foreign countries during the year preceding the year in which the suspension or restriction is in effect;

the Secretary shall compensate producers of the commodity involved by making payments available to such producers, as provided in subsection (b) of this section.

(b) Amount of payments

If the Secretary makes payments available to producers under subsection (a), the amount of such payment shall be determined—

(1) in the case of an agricultural commodity for which payments are authorized to be made to producers under Title I of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1441 et seq.), by multiplying—

(A) the farm program payment yield for the producer or the yield established for the farm for the commodity involved; by

(B) the crop acreage base established for the commodity; by

(C) the amount by which the average market price per unit of such commodity received by producers during the 60-day period immediately following the date of the imposition of the suspension or restriction is less than 100 percent of the parity price for such commodity, as determined by the Secretary on the date of the imposition of the suspension or restriction; or

(2) in the case of other agricultural commodities for which price support is authorized for producers under the Agricultural Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1421 et seq.), by multiplying the amount by which the average market price per unit of such commodity received by the producers during the 60-day period immediately following the date of the imposition of the suspension or restriction is less than 100 percent of the parity price for such commodity, as determined by the Secretary on the date of the imposition of the suspension or restriction, by the quantity of such commodity sold by the producer during the period that the suspension or restriction is in effect.

(c) Time for payments

Payments under paragraph (1) of subsection (b) shall be made for each marketing year or part thereof during which the suspension or restriction is in effect and shall be made in equal amounts at 90-day intervals, beginning 90 days after the date of the imposition of the suspension or restriction.

(d) Commodity Credit Corporation

The Secretary shall use the Commodity Credit Corporation in carrying out the provisions of this section.

(e) Regulations

The Secretary may issue such regulations as are determined necessary to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 95–501, title IV, §411, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1531, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3682.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is Pub. L. 96–72, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 503, which was classified principally to section 2401 et seq. of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as chapter 56 (§4601 et seq.) of Title 50, and was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, §1766(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2232, except for sections 11A, 11B, and 11C thereof (50 U.S.C. 4611, 4612, 4613).

The Agricultural Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), (2), is act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, 63 Stat. 1051, which is classified principally to chapter 35A (§1421 et seq.) of this title. Title I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter II (§1441 et seq.) of chapter 35A of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1421 of this title and Tables.

1 See References in Text note below.
7 U.S.C. § 6206 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 91: LIME PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 6206: Petition and review
Petition and review
Status: in_force

(a) Petition

(1) In general

A person subject to an order may file with the Secretary a petition—

(A) stating that such order, a provision of such order, or an obligation imposed in connection with such order is not in accordance with law; and

(B) requesting a modification of the order or an exemption from the order.

(2) Hearings

A person submitting a petition under paragraph (1) shall be given an opportunity for a hearing on the petition, in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary.

(3) Ruling

After the hearing, the Secretary shall make a ruling on the petition which shall be final if in accordance with law.

(b) Review

(1) Commencement of action

The district courts of the United States in any district in which such person who is a petitioner under subsection (a) resides or carries on business are hereby vested with jurisdiction to review the ruling on such person's petition, if a complaint for that purpose is filed within 20 days after the date of the entry of a ruling by the Secretary under subsection (a).

(2) Process

Service of process in such proceedings shall be conducted in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

(3) Remands

If the court determines that the ruling is not in accordance with law, the court shall remand the matter to the Secretary with directions either—

(A) to make such ruling as the court shall determine to be in accordance with law; or

(B) to take such further action as, in the opinion of the court, the law requires.

(4) Enforcement

The pendency of proceedings instituted pursuant to subsection (a) shall not impede, hinder, or delay the Attorney General or the Secretary from obtaining relief pursuant to section 6207 of this title.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIX, §1957, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3876.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
7 U.S.C. § 5651 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter III: BARRIERS TO EXPORTS / Section 5651: Repealed. Pub. L. 110-246, title III, §3103(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1832
Repealed. Pub. L. 110-246, title III, §3103(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1832
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 95–501, title III, §301, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1531, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3678; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title III, §311, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1856; Pub. L. 102–511, title VII, §709(b), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3352; Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, §411(a)(3), (4), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4963; Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §245, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 968; Pub. L. 107–171, title III, §3104(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 290, related to an export enhancement program and cash bonuses to exporters, users, and processors.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 283 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 11: HONEYBEES / Section 283: Propagation of stock and release of germ plasm
Propagation of stock and release of germ plasm
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Agriculture may propagate bee-breeding stock and may release bee germ plasm to the public.

(Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title I, §103, 58 Stat. 735; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 654, §3(1), 65 Stat. 708; Pub. L. 97–98, title XI, §1120, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1273.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

This section was not enacted as part of act Aug. 31, 1922, which comprises this chapter.

Provisions similar to this section were contained in the following prior Department of Agriculture Appropriation Acts:

June 28, 1944, ch. 296, 58 Stat. 439.

July 12, 1943, ch. 215, 57 Stat. 407.

Amendments

1981—Pub. L. 97–98 inserted "and may release bee germ plasm to the public".

1951—Act Oct. 31, 1951, struck out provisions relating to sale of surplus bee-breeding stock, and the fixing of rates and disposition of proceeds in connection therewith.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective on Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3503 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 66: AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT DISCLOSURE / Section 3503: Investigative actions
Investigative actions
Status: in_force

The Secretary may take such actions as the Secretary considers necessary to monitor compliance with the provisions of this chapter and to determine whether the information contained in any report submitted under section 3501 of this title accurately and fully reveals the ownership interest of all foreign persons in any foreign person who is required to submit a report under such section.

(Pub. L. 95–460, §4, Oct. 14, 1978, 92 Stat. 1265.)
7 U.S.C. § 7420 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 101: AGRICULTURAL PROMOTION / Subchapter II: ISSUANCE OF ORDERS FOR PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES REGARDING AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 7420: Investigations and power to subpoena
Investigations and power to subpoena
Status: in_force

(a) Investigations

The Secretary may make such investigations as the Secretary considers necessary—

(1) for the effective administration of this subchapter; or

(2) to determine whether any person subject to this subchapter has engaged, or is about to engage, in any action that constitutes or will constitute a violation of this subchapter or any order or regulation issued under this subchapter.

(b) Subpoenas, oaths, and affirmations

For the purpose of any investigation under subsection (a), the Secretary may administer oaths and affirmations, subpoena witnesses, compel the attendance of witnesses, take evidence, and require the production of any records or documents that are relevant to the inquiry. The attendance of witnesses and the production of records or documents may be required from any place in the United States.

(c) Aid of courts

In the case of contumacy by, or refusal to obey a subpoena issued to, any person, the Secretary may invoke the aid of any court of the United States within the jurisdiction of which the investigation or proceeding is carried on, or where the person resides or carries on business, in order to require the attendance and testimony of the person or the production of records or documents. The court may issue an order requiring the person to appear before the Secretary to produce records or documents or to give testimony regarding the matter under investigation.

(d) Contempt

Any failure to obey the order of the court may be punished by the court as a contempt of the court.

(e) Process

Process in any case under this section may be served in the judicial district in which the person resides or carries on business or wherever the person may be found.

(Pub. L. 104–127, title V, §521, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1047.)
7 U.S.C. § 3241 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter VII: PROGRAMS FOR HISPANIC, ALASKA NATIVE, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN SERVING INSTITUTIONS / Section 3241: Education grants programs for Hispanic-serving institutions
Education grants programs for Hispanic-serving institutions
Status: in_force

(a) Grant authority

The Secretary may make competitive grants to Hispanic-serving institutions for the purpose of promoting and strengthening the ability of Hispanic-serving institutions to carry out education, applied research, and related community development programs.

(b) Use of grant funds

Grants made under this section shall be used—

(1) to support the activities of Hispanic-serving institutions to enhance educational equity for underrepresented students;

(2) to strengthen institutional educational capacities, including libraries, curriculum, faculty, scientific instrumentation, instruction delivery systems, and student recruitment and retention, in order to respond to identified State, regional, national, or international educational needs in the food and agricultural sciences;

(3) to attract and support undergraduate and graduate students from underrepresented groups in order to prepare them for careers related to the food, agricultural, and natural resource systems of the United States, beginning with the mentoring of students at the high school level and continuing with the provision of financial support for students through their attainment of a doctoral degree; and

(4) to facilitate cooperative initiatives between 2 or more Hispanic-serving institutions, or between Hispanic-serving institutions and units of State government or the private sector, to maximize the development and use of resources, such as faculty, facilities, and equipment, to improve food and agricultural sciences teaching programs.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to make grants under this section $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1997 through 2023.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1455, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §815(a), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1166; amended Pub. L. 105–185, title III, §301(a)(11), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 562; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, §7111, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, §7128, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1223; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VII, §7128, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1985; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, §7115, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 875; Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, §7121, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4792.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Prior Provisions

For prior section 3241 and prior section 1455 of Pub. L. 95–113, see note set out preceding this section.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "2023" for "2018".

2014—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "2018" for "2012".

2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–246, §7128(1), struck out "(or grants without regard to any requirement for competition)" after "competitive grants".

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, §7128(2), struck out "of consortia" after "activities".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246, §7128(3), substituted "$40,000,000" for "$20,000,000" and "2012" for "2007".

2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted "2007" for "2002".

1998—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–185 substituted "each of fiscal years 1997 through 2002" for "fiscal year 1997".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1433d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1433d: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title IV, §425, as added Dec. 19, 1989, Pub. L. 101–239, title I, §1003(a), 103 Stat. 2108, related to reduction of deficiency payments. See Effective and Termination Dates note below.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective and Termination Dates

Pub. L. 101–239, title I, §1003(a), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2108, provided that this section is effective only for the 1990 crops.
7 U.S.C. § 2008b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008b: Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; qualified beginning farmers and ranchers
Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; qualified beginning farmers and ranchers
Status: in_force

In the case of a loan guaranteed by the Secretary under subchapter I or II to a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2003(e) of this title) or a qualified beginning farmer or rancher, the Secretary may provide for a standard guarantee plan, which shall cover an amount equal to 95 percent of the outstanding principal of the loan.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §367, as added Pub. L. 115–334, title V, §5306, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4673.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2008b, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §367, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XXIII, §2317, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4008; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title VII, §701(g), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1879, related to limited transfer authority of loan amounts, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §755, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1131.
7 U.S.C. § 5605 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 5605: Independence of authorities
Independence of authorities
Status: in_force

Each authority granted under this chapter shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any authority granted to the Secretary or the Commodity Credit Corporation under any other provision of law.

(Pub. L. 95–501, title I, §105, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1531, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3672.)
7 U.S.C. § 950aa (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 31: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND TELEPHONE SERVICE / Subchapter V: RURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT / Section 950aa: Additional powers and duties
Additional powers and duties
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall—

(1) provide advice and guidance to electric borrowers under this chapter concerning the effective and prudent use by such borrowers of the investment authority under section 940b of this title to promote rural development;

(2) provide technical advice, troubleshooting, and guidance concerning the operation of programs or systems that receive assistance under this chapter;

(3) establish and administer various pilot projects through electric and telephone borrowers that the Secretary determines are useful or necessary, and recommend specific rural development projects for rural areas;

(4) act as an information clearinghouse and conduit to provide information to electric and telephone borrowers under this chapter concerning useful and effective rural development efforts that such borrowers may wish to apply in their areas of operation and concerning State, regional, or local plans for long-term rural economic development;

(5) provide information to electric and telephone borrowers under this chapter concerning the eligibility of such borrowers to apply for financial assistance, loans, or grants from other Federal agencies and non-Federal sources to enable such borrowers to expand their rural development efforts; and

(6) promote local partnerships and other coordination between borrowers under this chapter and community organizations, States, counties, or other entities, to improve rural development.

(May 20, 1936, ch. 432, title V, §501, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XXIII, §2345, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4029; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title VII, §703(c), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1881; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §235(a)(12), (13), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3221; Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §781(b), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1151.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Par. (7). Pub. L. 104–127 struck out par. (7) which read as follows: "administer a Rural Business Incubator Fund (as established under section 950aa–1 of this title) that shall provide technical assistance, advice, loans, or capital to business incubator programs or for the creation or operation of small business incubators in rural areas."

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 struck out "of REA Administrator" at end of section catchline and substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator" in introductory provisions and par. (3).

1991—Pars. (6) to (8). Pub. L. 102–237 inserted "and" at end of par. (6), redesignated par. (8) as (7), and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: "review the advice and recommendations of the Rural Educational Opportunities Board as established under section 601(f); and".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–237 effective as if included in the provision of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, Pub. L. 101–624, to which the amendment relates, see section 1101(b)(8) of Pub. L. 102–237, set out as a note under section 1421 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2221 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2221: Details of persons from or to office of Secretary
Details of persons from or to office of Secretary
Status: in_force

Details may be made from or to the office of the Secretary when necessary and the services of the person whom it is proposed to detail are not required in that office.

(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, 34 Stat. 1280.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 530 of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.
7 U.S.C. § 7760 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 104: PLANT PROTECTION / Subchapter III: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 7760: State terminal inspection; transmission of mailed packages for State inspection; nonmailable matter; punishment for violations; rules and regulations by United States Postal Service
State terminal inspection; transmission of mailed packages for State inspection; nonmailable matter; punishment for violations; rules and regulations by United States Postal Service
Status: in_force

When any State shall provide for terminal inspection of plants and plant products, and shall establish and maintain, at the sole expense of the State, such inspection at one or more places therein, the proper officials of said State may submit to the Secretary of Agriculture a list of plants and plant products and the plant pests transmitted thereby, that in the opinion of said officials should be subject to terminal inspection in order to prevent the introduction or dissemination in said State of pests injurious to agriculture. Upon his approval of said list, in whole or in part, the Secretary of Agriculture shall transmit the same to the United States Postal Service, and thereafter all packages containing any plants or plant products named in said approved lists shall, upon payment of postage therefor, be forwarded by the postmaster at the destination of said package to the proper State official at the nearest place where inspection is maintained. If the plants or plant products (including seed) are found upon inspection to be free from injurious pests and not in violation of a plant-quarantine law or plant-quarantine regulation of the United States Department of Agriculture or of the State of destination pertaining to such injurious pests, or if infected shall be disinfected by said official, they shall upon payment of postage therefor be returned to the postmaster at the place of inspection to be forward 1 to the person to whom they are addressed; but if found to be infected with injurious pests and incapable of satisfactory disinfection or in violation of a plant-quarantine law or plant-quarantine regulation of the United States Department of Agriculture or of the State of destination pertaining to such injurious pests, the State inspector shall so notify the postmaster at the place of inspection who shall promptly notify the sender of said plants or plant products that they will be returned to him upon his request and at his expense, or in default of such request that they will be turned over to the State authorities for destruction.

It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to deposit in the United States mails any package containing any plant or plant product addressed to any place within a State maintaining inspection thereof, as herein defined, without plainly marking the package so that its contents may be readily ascertained by an inspection of the outside thereof. Whoever shall fail to so mark said packages shall be punished by a fine of not more than $100.

The United States Postal Service is authorized and directed to make all needful rules and regulations for carrying out the purposes hereof.

(Mar. 4, 1915, ch. 144, 38 Stat. 1113; June 4, 1936, ch. 495, 49 Stat. 1461; Pub. L. 91–375, §4(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 166 of this title.

Section was enacted as part of the Agricultural Appropriation Act, 1916, and not as part of the Plant Protection Act which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1936—Act June 4, 1936, amended last sentence of first par. by changing introductory word "plant" to "plants", inserting "(including seed)", "and not in violation of a plant-quarantine law or plant-quarantine regulation of the United States Department of Agriculture or of the State of destination pertaining to such injurious pests", "or in violation of a plant-quarantine law or plant-quarantine regulation of the United States Department of Agriculture or of the State of destination pertaining to such injurious pests," and striking out the comma after "place of inspection".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

This section is popularly known as the "Terminal Inspection Act."

Transfer of Functions

In first and third pars., "United States Postal Service" substituted for "Postmaster General" pursuant to Pub. L. 91–375, §4(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773, set out as a note under section 201 of Title 39, Postal Service, which abolished office of Postmaster General of Post Office Department and transferred its functions to United States Postal Service.

Functions of all officers, agencies, and employees of Department of Agriculture transferred, with certain exceptions, to Secretary of Agriculture by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §1, eff. June 4, 1953, 18 F.R. 3219, 67 Stat. 633, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.

1 So in original.
7 U.S.C. § 7516 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 102: EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE / Section 7516: Settlement and adjustment of claims
Settlement and adjustment of claims
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary or a designee of the Secretary shall have the authority to—

(1) determine the amount of, settle, and adjust any claim arising under this chapter; and

(2) waive such a claim if the Secretary determines that to do so will serve the purposes of this chapter.

(b) Litigation

Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to diminish the authority of the Attorney General of the United States under section 516 of title 28 to conduct litigation on behalf of the United States.

(Pub. L. 98–8, title II, §215, as added Pub. L. 102–237, title IX, §922(b), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1888.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective and to be implemented no later than Feb. 1, 1992, see section 1101(d)(1) of Pub. L. 102–237, set out as an Effective Date of 1991 Amendment note under section 1421 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2155 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 54: TRANSPORTATION, SALE, AND HANDLING OF CERTAIN ANIMALS / Section 2155: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 89–544, §25, as added Pub. L. 91–579, §22, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1565; amended Pub. L. 94–279, §16, Apr. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 421; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, §1012(a), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 711, which required the Secretary of Agriculture to submit an annual report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives on licensing, investigation, inspection, and other activity related to carrying out this chapter, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 44 of House Document No. 103–7.
7 U.S.C. § 7111 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 99: SHEEP PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION / Section 7111: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year such sums as are necessary to carry out this chapter.

(b) Administrative expenses

Funds appropriated under subsection (a) shall not be available for payment of the expenses or expenditures of the Board in administering any provision of any order issued under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 103–407, §12, Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4226.)
7 U.S.C. § 2225a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2225a: Contracts for consulting services
Contracts for consulting services
Status: in_force

On and after October 28, 1991, the expenditure of any appropriation for the Department of Agriculture for any consulting service through procurement contract, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 3109, shall be limited to those contracts where such expenditures are a matter of public record and available for public inspection, except where otherwise provided under existing law, or under existing Executive order issued pursuant to existing law.

(Pub. L. 102–142, title VII, §701, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 911.)
7 U.S.C. § 2703 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 60: EGG RESEARCH AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 2703: Orders of Secretary to egg producers, etc.
Orders of Secretary to egg producers, etc.
Status: in_force

To effectuate the declared policy of this chapter, the Secretary shall, subject to the provisions of this chapter, issue and from time to time amend, orders applicable to persons engaged in the hatching and/or sale of egg-type baby chicks and started pullets, persons engaged in the production of commercial eggs and persons who receive or otherwise acquire eggs from such persons and who process, prepare for market, or market such eggs, including eggs of their own production, and persons engaged in the purchase, sale or processing of spent fowl. Such orders shall be applicable to all production or marketing areas, or both, in the United States.

(Pub. L. 93–428, §4, Oct. 1, 1974, 88 Stat. 1172.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Amendment of Egg Promotion and Research Order

Pub. L. 103–188, §5, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2257, provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law:

"(1) In general.—The Secretary of Agriculture shall issue amendments to the egg promotion and research order issued under the Egg Research and Consumer Information Act (7 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.) to implement the amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 2701 of this title]. The amendments shall be issued after public notice and opportunity for comment in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States Code, and without regard to sections 556 and 557 of such title. The Secretary shall issue the proposed amendments to the order not later than 80 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 14, 1993].

"(2) Effective date.—The amendments to the egg promotion and research order required by paragraph (1) shall become effective not later than—

"(A) 30 days after the proposed amendments are issued; or

"(B) if the Director of the Office of Management and Budget determines that the amendments are a significant action that requires review by the Director, 50 days after the proposed amendments are issued.

"(3) Referendum.—The amendments referred to in paragraph (2) shall not be subject to a referendum conducted under the Egg Research and Consumer Information Act."
7 U.S.C. § 51 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 2: COTTON STANDARDS / Section 51: Short title
Short title
Status: in_force

This chapter shall be known by the short title of "United States Cotton Standards Act."

(Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 288, §1, 42 Stat. 1517.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Act Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 288, §14, 42 Stat. 1520, provided: "That this Act [enacting this chapter] shall become effective on and after August 1, 1923."
7 U.S.C. § 8320 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 109: ANIMAL HEALTH PROTECTION / Section 8320: Expansion of Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service activities
Expansion of Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service activities
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the "Secretary") may utilize existing authorities to give high priority to enhancing and expanding the capacity of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service to conduct activities to—

(1) increase the inspection capacity of the Service at international points of origin;

(2) improve surveillance at ports of entry and customs;

(3) enhance methods of protecting against the introduction of plant and animal disease organisms by terrorists;

(4) develop new and improve existing strategies and technologies for dealing with intentional outbreaks of plant and animal disease arising from acts of terrorism or from unintentional introduction, including—

(A) establishing cooperative agreements among Veterinary Services of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, State animal health commissions and regulatory agencies for livestock and poultry health, and private veterinary practitioners to enhance the preparedness and ability of Veterinary Services and the commissions and agencies to respond to outbreaks of such animal diseases; and

(B) strengthening planning and coordination with State and local agencies, including—

(i) State animal health commissions and regulatory agencies for livestock and poultry health; and

(ii) State agriculture departments; and

(5) otherwise improve the capacity of the Service to protect against the threat of bioterrorism.

(b) Automated recordkeeping system

The Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service may implement a central automated recordkeeping system to provide for the reliable tracking of the status of animal and plant shipments, including those shipments on hold at ports of entry and customs. The Secretary shall ensure that such a system shall be fully accessible to or fully integrated with the Food Safety Inspection Service.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and such sums as may be necessary for each subsequent fiscal year.

(Pub. L. 107–188, title III, §331, June 12, 2002, 116 Stat. 678.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, and not as part of the Animal Health Protection Act which comprises this chapter.
7 U.S.C. § 8912 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 114: AGRICULTURAL SECURITY / Subchapter I: AGRICULTURAL SECURITY / Section 8912: Agricultural biosecurity communication center
Agricultural biosecurity communication center
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Secretary shall establish a communication center within the Department to—

(1) collect and disseminate information and prepare for an agricultural disease emergency, agroterrorist act, or other threat to agricultural biosecurity; and

(2) coordinate activities described in paragraph (1) among agencies and offices within the Department.

(b) Relation to existing DHS communication systems

(1) Consistency and coordination

The communication center established under subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable, share and coordinate the dissemination of timely information with the Department of Homeland Security and other communication systems of appropriate Federal departments and agencies.

(2) Avoiding redundancies

Paragraph (1) shall not be construed to impede, conflict with, or duplicate the communications activities performed by the Secretary of Homeland Security under any provision of law.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—

(1) such sums as are necessary for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2013; and

(2) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2023.

(Pub. L. 110–234, title XIV, §14112, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1455; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XIV, §14112, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2217; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, §7501, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 900; Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, §7401, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4817.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "2023" for "2018".

2014—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–79 amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.

Definition of "Secretary"

"Secretary" as meaning the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1704c (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter II: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE AND FOOD SECURITY / Section 1704c: Payments by Secretary of Defense in liquidation of amount due for foreign currencies
Payments by Secretary of Defense in liquidation of amount due for foreign currencies
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Defense shall pay to the Commodity Credit Corporation an amount not to exceed $6,000,000 per year until the amount due for foreign currencies used for housing constructed or acquired under title II of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1721–1726) has been liquidated.

(Pub. L. 97–214, §9(a), July 12, 1982, 96 Stat. 174; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(C), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1721–1726), referred to in text, is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 457. Title II of the Act is classified generally to subchapter III (§1721 et seq.) of chapter 41 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section consists of section 9(a) of Pub. L. 97–214. Section 9(b) of Pub. L. 97–214 is classified as a note set out under section 1594k of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Section was enacted as part of the Military Construction Codification Act, and not as part of the Food for Peace Act which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–246 substituted "Food for Peace Act" for "Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1982, and applicable to military construction projects, and to construction and acquisition of military family housing before, on or after such date, see section 12(a) of Pub. L. 97–214, set out as a note under section 2801 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
7 U.S.C. § 511e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 21A: TOBACCO INSPECTION / Section 511e: Sampling and weighing; cost; disposition of moneys received; expenses; purpose
Sampling and weighing; cost; disposition of moneys received; expenses; purpose
Status: in_force

The Secretary, independently or in cooperation with other branches of the Government, State agencies, or persons whether operating in one or more jurisdictions, is authorized to employ and/or license competent persons as samplers to take official samples of tobacco, or as weighers to weigh and certify the weight of tobacco, or as inspectors of tobacco to determine and certify, upon the request of the owner or other financially interested person, the type, grade, weight, condition, and/or such other facts as the Secretary may deem necessary.

The Secretary shall fix and collect such fees or charges in the administration of this section as will cover, as nearly as practicable, the costs of the services provided, including administrative and supervisory costs. Such fees and charges shall be credited to the account referred to in section 511d of this title. Fees or charges collected under an agreement with a State, municipality, or person, or by an individual licensed to inspect or weigh or sample tobacco under this chapter, may be disposed of in accordance with the terms of such agreement or license. Charges for expenses for travel and subsistence incurred by inspectors or weighers or samplers employed by the Secretary when required to be paid by the applicant for service, may be credited to the appropriation, or any other funds authorized in this chapter from which they were paid.

This section is intended merely to provide for the furnishing of services upon request of the owner or other person financially interested in tobacco to be sampled, inspected, or weighed and shall not be construed otherwise.

(Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 623, §6, 49 Stat. 732; Pub. L. 97–35, title I, §157(a)(2), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 375.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1981—Pub. L. 97–35 substituted provisions requiring the Secretary to fix and collect fees and charges to cover cost of services, for provisions authorizing the Secretary to fix and collect fees and charges as he deems reasonable and provisions respecting fees or charges collected under an agreement with a State, etc.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–35 effective Oct. 1, 1981, see section 157(b) of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 511d of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1027 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 33: FARM TENANCY / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1027: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-128, title III, §341(a), Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 318
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-128, title III, §341(a), Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 318
Status: repealed

Section 1027, acts July 22, 1937, ch. 517, title IV, §53, 50 Stat. 532; Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 964, §3, 60 Stat. 1064, related to fees and commissions.

Section 1028, acts July 22, 1937, ch. 517, title IV, §54, 50 Stat. 532; Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 964, §3, 60 Stat. 1064; July 26, 1947, ch. 339, §1(b), 61 Stat. 493, related to application of provisions to territories.

Section 1029, acts July 22, 1937, ch. 517, title IV, §55, 50 Stat. 533; Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 964, §3, 60 Stat. 1064, related to separability of provisions.

For subject matter of sections 1027 to 1029 of this title, see section 1921 et seq. of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective one hundred and twenty days after Aug. 8, 1961, or such earlier date as the provisions of chapter 50 of this title are made effective by regulations of Secretary of Agriculture, see section 341(a) of Pub. L. 87–128, set out as a note under section 1921 of this title.

Sections repealed effective Oct. 15, 1961, by former section 300.1 of Title 6, Code of Federal Regulations, see Effective Date note set out under section 1921 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2118 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 53: COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION / Section 2118: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such funds as are necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter. The funds so appropriated shall not be available for the payment of the expenses or expenditures of the Cotton Board in administering any provisions of any order issued pursuant to the terms of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 89–502, §19, July 13, 1966, 80 Stat. 287.)
7 U.S.C. § 8112 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 107: RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT / Section 8112: Repealed. Pub. L. 113-79, title IX, §9011, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 938
Repealed. Pub. L. 113-79, title IX, §9011, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 938
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 107–171, title IX, §9012, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title IX, §9001(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1331, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title IX, §9001(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2093; amended Pub. L. 112–240, title VII, §701(f)(11), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2366, related to a competitive research and development program to encourage use of forest biomass for energy.
7 U.S.C. § 412 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 412: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 412 was transferred to section 476 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1738i (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter VI: ENTERPRISE FOR THE AMERICAS INITIATIVE / Section 1738i: Enterprise for the Americas Board
Enterprise for the Americas Board
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established a board to be known as the "Enterprise for the Americas Board" (hereafter referred to in this subchapter as the "Board").

(b) Membership and chairperson

(1) Membership

The Board shall be composed of—

(A) six representatives from the United States Government, at least one of whom shall be a representative of the Department of Agriculture; and

(B) five representatives from private nongovernmental environmental, child survival and child development, community development, scientific, and academic organizations with experience and expertise in Latin America and the Caribbean, at least one of whom shall be a representative from a child survival and child development organization;

to be appointed by the President.

(2) Chairperson

The Board shall be headed by a chairperson who shall be appointed by the President from among the representatives appointed under paragraph (1)(A).

(c) Responsibilities

The Board shall—

(1) advise the President on the negotiations for the environmental framework agreements described in subsections (a) and (b) of section 1738f of this title;

(2) ensure, in consultation with the government of the appropriate eligible country, with nongovernmental organizations of such eligible country, and if appropriate, of the region, and with environmental, scientific, and academic leaders of such eligible country and, as appropriate, of the region, that a suitable body referred to in section 1738f(c) of this title is identified; and

(3) review the programs, operations, and fiscal audits of the bodies referred to in section 1738f(c) of this title.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title VI, §610, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3661; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title III, §339, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1861; Pub. L. 102–549, title VI, §603, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3669.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1992—Pub. L. 102–549, §603(1), substituted "Enterprise" for "Environment" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–549, §603(2), substituted "Enterprise" for "Environment".

Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 102–549, §603(3), inserted "child survival and child development," after "environmental," and ", at least one of whom shall be a representative from a child survival and child development organization".

1991—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 102–237, §339(1), substituted "six" for "five" and inserted ", at least one of whom shall be a representative of the Department of Agriculture" after "Government".

Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 102–237, §339(2), substituted "five" for "four".
7 U.S.C. § 5674 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 5674: Trade consultations concerning imports
Trade consultations concerning imports
Status: in_force

(a) Consultation between agencies

The Secretary shall require consultation between the Administrator of the Service and the heads of other appropriate agencies and offices of the Department of Agriculture, including the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, prior to relaxing or removing any restriction on the importation of any agricultural commodity into the United States.

(b) Consultation with Trade Representative

The Secretary shall consult with the United States Trade Representative prior to relaxing or removing any restriction on the importation of any agricultural commodity or a product thereof into the United States.

(c) Monitoring compliance with sanitary and phytosanitary measures

The Secretary shall monitor the compliance of World Trade Organization member countries with the sanitary and phytosanitary measures of the Agreement on Agriculture of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. If the Secretary has reason to believe that any country may have failed to meet the commitment on sanitary and phytosanitary measures under the Agreement in a manner that adversely impacts the exports of a United States agricultural commodity, the Secretary shall—

(1) provide such information to the United States Trade Representative of the circumstances surrounding the matter arising under this subsection; and

(2) with respect to any such circumstances that the Secretary considers to have a continuing adverse effect on United States agricultural exports, report to the Committee on Agriculture, and the Committee on Ways and Means, of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, and the Committee on Finance, of the Senate—

(A) that a country may have failed to meet the sanitary and phytosanitary commitments; and

(B) any notice given by the Secretary to the United States Trade Representative.

(Pub. L. 95–501, title IV, §414, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1531, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3685; amended Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §242(b), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 965.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–127 added subsec. (c).
7 U.S.C. § 7234 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 100: AGRICULTURAL MARKET TRANSITION / Subchapter III: NONRECOURSE MARKETING ASSISTANCE LOANS AND LOAN DEFICIENCY PAYMENTS / Section 7234: Repayment of loans
Repayment of loans
Status: in_force

(a) Repayment rates for wheat, feed grains, and oilseeds

The Secretary shall permit a producer to repay a marketing assistance loan under section 7231 of this title for wheat, corn, grain sorghum, barley, oats, and oilseeds at a rate that is the lesser of—

(1) the loan rate established for the commodity under section 7232 of this title, plus interest (as determined by the Secretary); or

(2) a rate that the Secretary determines will—

(A) minimize potential loan forfeitures;

(B) minimize the accumulation of stocks of the commodity by the Federal Government;

(C) minimize the cost incurred by the Federal Government in storing the commodity; and

(D) allow the commodity produced in the United States to be marketed freely and competitively, both domestically and internationally.

(b) Repayment rates for upland cotton and rice

The Secretary shall permit producers to repay a marketing assistance loan under section 7231 of this title for upland cotton and rice at a rate that is the lesser of—

(1) the loan rate established for the commodity under section 7232 of this title, plus interest (as determined by the Secretary); or

(2) the prevailing world market price for the commodity (adjusted to United States quality and location), as determined by the Secretary.

(c) Repayment rates for extra long staple cotton

Repayment of a marketing assistance loan for extra long staple cotton shall be at the loan rate established for the commodity under section 7232 of this title, plus interest (as determined by the Secretary).

(d) Prevailing world market price

For purposes of this section and section 7236 of this title, the Secretary shall prescribe by regulation—

(1) a formula to determine the prevailing world market price for each loan commodity, adjusted to United States quality and location; and

(2) a mechanism by which the Secretary shall announce periodically the prevailing world market price for each loan commodity.

(e) Adjustment of prevailing world market price for upland cotton

(1) In general

During the period ending July 31, 2003, the prevailing world market price for upland cotton (adjusted to United States quality and location) established under subsection (d) shall be further adjusted if—

(A) the adjusted prevailing world market price is less than 115 percent of the loan rate for upland cotton established under section 7232 of this title, as determined by the Secretary; and

(B) the Friday through Thursday average price quotation for the lowest-priced United States growth as quoted for Middling (M) 13/32-inch cotton delivered C.I.F. Northern Europe is greater than the Friday through Thursday average price of the 5 lowest-priced growths of upland cotton, as quoted for Middling (M) 13/32-inch cotton, delivered C.I.F. Northern Europe (referred to in this section as the "Northern Europe price").

(2) Further adjustment

Except as provided in paragraph (3), the adjusted prevailing world market price for upland cotton shall be further adjusted on the basis of some or all of the following data, as available:

(A) The United States share of world exports.

(B) The current level of cotton export sales and cotton export shipments.

(C) Other data determined by the Secretary to be relevant in establishing an accurate prevailing world market price for upland cotton (adjusted to United States quality and location).

(3) Limitation on further adjustment

The adjustment under paragraph (2) may not exceed the difference between—

(A) the Friday through Thursday average price for the lowest-priced United States growth as quoted for Middling 13/32-inch cotton delivered C.I.F. Northern Europe; and

(B) the Northern Europe price.

(Pub. L. 104–127, title I, §134, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 908.)
7 U.S.C. § 4507 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 76: DAIRY RESEARCH AND PROMOTION / Subchapter I: DAIRY PROMOTION PROGRAM / Section 4507: Suspension and termination of orders
Suspension and termination of orders
Status: in_force

(a) Determination by Secretary

After September 30, 1985, the Secretary shall, whenever the Secretary finds that any order issued under this subchapter or any provision thereof obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the declared policy of this subchapter, terminate or suspend the operation of such order or such provisions thereof.

(b) Referendum

After September 30, 1985, the Secretary may conduct a referendum at any time, and shall hold a referendum on request of a representative group comprising 10 per centum or more of the number of producers and importers subject to the order, to determine whether the producers and importers favor the termination or suspension of the order. The Secretary shall suspend or terminate collection of assessments under the order within six months after the Secretary determines that suspension or termination of the order is favored by a majority of the producers voting in the referendum who, during a representative period (as determined by the Secretary), have been engaged in the production of milk for commercial use and importers voting in the referendum (who have been engaged in the importation of dairy products during the same representative period, as determined by the Secretary) and shall terminate the order in an orderly manner as soon as practicable after such determination.

(c) Action not considered an order

The termination or suspension of any order, or any provision thereof, shall not be considered an order within the meaning of this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 98–180, title I, §116, Nov. 29, 1983, 97 Stat. 1141; Pub. L. 107–171, title I, §1505(f), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 209.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2002—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–171, which directed amendment of section 116(b) of the Dairy Promotion Stabilization Act of 1983 by inserting "and importers" after "of producers" and after "whether the producers" in first sentence and inserting "and importers voting in the referendum (who have been engaged in the importation of dairy products during the same representative period, as determined by the Secretary)" after "commercial use" in second sentence, was executed by making the insertions in subsec. (b) of this section, section 116 of the Dairy Production Stabilization Act of 1983, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
7 U.S.C. § 2274 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2274: Firearm authority of employees engaged in animal quarantine enforcement
Firearm authority of employees engaged in animal quarantine enforcement
Status: in_force

Any employee of the United States Department of Agriculture designated by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Attorney General of the United States may carry a firearm and use a firearm when necessary for self-protection, in accordance with rules and regulations issued by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Attorney General of the United States, while such employee is engaged in the performance of the employee's official duties to (1) carry out any law or regulation related to the control, eradication, or prevention of the introduction or dissemination of communicable disease of livestock or poultry into the United States or (2) perform any duty related to such disease control, eradication, or prevention, subject to the direction of the Secretary.

(Pub. L. 97–312, §1, Oct. 14, 1982, 96 Stat. 1461.)
7 U.S.C. § 1736z (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter IV: GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS / Section 1736z: Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title XV, §1572(3), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3702
Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title XV, §1572(3), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3702
Status: repealed

Section 1736z, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1162, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1499, provided for a regular assessment of certain projects and activities administered by the Secretary and Department of Agriculture.

Section 1736aa, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1167(d), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1503, provided for barter by exporters of agricultural commodities and products for foreign products needed by exporters.
7 U.S.C. § 6311 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 92: SOYBEAN PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 6311: Authorization of appropriations; regulations
Authorization of appropriations; regulations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year such funds as are necessary to carry out this chapter.

(b) Administrative expenses

Funds appropriated under subsection (a) shall not be available for payment of the expenses or expenditures of the Board or the Committee in administering any provision of any order issued under this chapter.

(c) Regulations

The Secretary may issue such regulations as are necessary to carry out this chapter, including regulations relating to the assessment of late payment charges.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIX, §1976, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3904.)
7 U.S.C. § 851 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 30: ANTI-HOG-CHOLERA SERUM AND HOG-CHOLERA VIRUS / Section 851: Declaration of policy
Declaration of policy
Status: in_force

It is declared to be the policy of Congress to insure the maintenance of an adequate supply of anti-hog-cholera serum and hog-cholera virus by regulating the marketing of such serum and virus in interstate and foreign commerce, and to prevent undue and excessive fluctuations and unfair methods of competition and unfair trade practices in such marketing.

(Aug. 24, 1935, ch. 641, §56, 49 Stat. 781.)
7 U.S.C. § 3129a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter II: COORDINATION AND PLANNING OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Section 3129a: Exemption from chapter 10 of title 5 for competitive research, extension, and education programs
Exemption from chapter 10 of title 5 for competitive research, extension, and education programs
Status: in_force

Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of this Act [7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.] shall not apply to any committee, board, commission, panel, or task force, or similar entity, created solely for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals requesting funding under any competitive research, extension, or education program carried out by the Secretary.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1413B, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §804, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1160; amended Pub. L. 117–286, §4(a)(34), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4309.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Title XVIII of this Act, referred to in text, is title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95–113, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1041, which is classified generally to chapter 55A (§2281 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

Pub. L. 117–286 substituted "Exemption from chapter 10 of title 5" for "Federal Advisory Committee Act exemption" in section catchline and "Chapter 10 of title 5" for "The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.)" in text.
7 U.S.C. § 2256 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2256: Inspections, analyses, and tests for other Government departments and agencies; reimbursement
Inspections, analyses, and tests for other Government departments and agencies; reimbursement
Status: in_force

The head of any department or independent establishment of the Government requiring inspections, analyses, and tests of food and other products, within the scope of the functions of the Department of Agriculture and which that Department is unable to perform within the limits of its appropriations, may, with the approval of the Secretary, transfer to the Department for direct expenditure such sums as may be necessary for the performance of such work.

(Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title VII, §702(a), 58 Stat. 741.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

This section was enacted as part of the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944.

Section was formerly classified to section 571 of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.
7 U.S.C. § 7005 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter VIII: NATIONAL APPEALS DIVISION / Section 7005: Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs
Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization

The Secretary is authorized to establish in the Department the position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs.

(b) Confirmation required

If the Secretary establishes the position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs authorized under subsection (a), the Under Secretary shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

(c) Functions of Under Secretary

(1) Principal functions

Upon establishment, the Secretary shall delegate to the Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs those functions and duties under the jurisdiction of the Department that are related to agricultural marketing, animal and plant health inspection, grain inspection, and packers and stockyards.

(2) Additional functions

The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs shall perform such other functions and duties as may be required by law or prescribed by the Secretary.

(d) Succession

Any official who is serving as Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs on October 21, 1998, and who was appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall not be required to be reappointed under subsection (b) to the successor position authorized under subsection (a) if the Secretary establishes the position, and the official occupies the new position, within 180 days after October 21, 1998 (or such later date set by the Secretary if litigation delays rapid succession).

(Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §285, as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, §101(a) [title X, §1001(3)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681, 2681–41.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of section 285 of Pub. L. 103–354, as added by Pub. L. 105–277. Subsec. (e) of section 285 of Pub. L. 103–354 amended section 5314 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
7 U.S.C. § 2204j (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2204j: National agriculture imagery program
National agriculture imagery program
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Administrator of the Farm Service Agency, shall carry out a national agriculture imagery program to annually acquire aerial imagery during agricultural growing seasons from the continental United States.

(b) Data

The aerial imagery acquired under this section shall—

(1) consist of high resolution processed digital imagery;

(2) be made available in a format that can be provided to Federal, State, and private sector entities;

(3) be technologically compatible with geospatial information technology; and

(4) be consistent with the standards established by the Federal Geographic Data Committee.

(c) Supplemental satellite imagery

The Secretary of Agriculture may supplement the aerial imagery collected under this section with satellite imagery.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter.

(Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, §12612, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 5013.)
7 U.S.C. § 443 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 443: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 443 was editorially reclassified as section 667f–1 of Title 16, Conservation.
7 U.S.C. § 427a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 427a: Repealed. Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 790, §2, 69 Stat. 674
Repealed. Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 790, §2, 69 Stat. 674
Status: repealed

Section, act June 29, 1935, ch. 338, title I, §2, 49 Stat. 437, authorized research by experiment stations. See section 361a of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Existing Rights and Liabilities

Any rights or liabilities existing under this section unaffected by repeal, see section 2 of act Aug. 11, 1955, set out as a note under former section 361 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 4818 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 79: PORK PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 4818: Administrative provision
Administrative provision
Status: in_force

The provisions of this chapter applicable to orders shall be applicable to amendments to orders.

(Pub. L. 99–198, title XVI, §1629, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1621.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Jan. 1, 1986, see section 1631 of Pub. L. 99–198, set out as a note under section 4801 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 6002 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 89: PECAN PROMOTION AND RESEARCH / Section 6002: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter—

(1) Board

The term "Board" means the Pecan Marketing Board established in section 6005(b) of this title.

(2) Commerce

The term "commerce" means interstate, foreign, or intrastate commerce.

(3) Conflict of interest

The term "conflict of interest" means a situation in which a member has a direct or indirect financial interest in a corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship, joint venture, or other business entity dealing directly or indirectly with the Board.

(4) Consumer information

The term "consumer information" means information and programs that will assist consumers and other persons in making evaluations and decisions regarding the purchase, preparation, and use of pecans.

(5) Department

The term "Department" means the Department of Agriculture.

(6) District

The term "district" means a geographical area of the United States, as determined by the Board and approved by the Secretary, in which there is produced approximately one-fourth of the volume of pecans produced in the United States.

(7) First handler

The term "first handler" means the first person who buys or takes possession of pecans from a grower for marketing. If a grower markets pecans directly to consumers, such grower shall be considered the first handler with respect to pecans grown by such grower.

(8) Grower

The term "grower" means any person engaged in the production and sale of pecans in the United States who owns, or who shares the ownership and risk of loss of, such pecans.

(9) Grower-sheller

The term "grower-sheller" means a person who—

(A) shells pecans, or has pecans shelled for such person, in the United States; and

(B) during the immediately previous year, grew 50 percent or more of the pecans such person shelled or had shelled for such person.

(10) Handle

The term "handle" means receipt of in-shell pecans by a sheller or first handler, including pecans produced by such sheller or first handler.

(11) Importer

The term "importer" means any person who imports pecans from outside of the United States for sale in the United States.

(12) Industry information

The term "industry information" means information and programs that will lead to the development of new markets and marketing strategies, increased efficiency, and activities to enhance the image of the pecan industry.

(13) In-shell pecan

The term "in-shell pecan" means a pecan that has a shell that has not been removed.

(14) To market

The term "to market" means to sell or offer to dispose of pecans in any channel of commerce.

(15) Member

The term "member" means a member of the Board.

(16) Pecan

The term "pecan" means the nut of the pecan tree carya illinoensis.

(17) Person

The term "person" means any individual, group of individuals, partnership, corporation, association, cooperative, or any other entity.

(18) Plan

The term "plan" means a plan issued under section 6003 of this title.

(19) Promotion

The term "promotion" means any action taken by the Board, pursuant to this chapter, to present a favorable image of pecans to the public with the express intent of improving the competitive position of pecans in the marketplace and stimulating sales of pecans, including paid advertising.

(20) Research

The term "research" means any type of test, study, or analysis designed to advance the image, desirability, usage, marketability, production, product development, or quality of pecans.

(21) Secretary

The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture.

(22) Shell

The term "shell" means to remove the shell from an in-shell pecan.

(23) Shelled pecan

The term "shelled pecan" means a pecan kernel, or portion of a kernel, after the pecan shell has been removed.

(24) Sheller

The term "sheller" means any person who—

(A) shells pecans or has pecans shelled for the account of such person; and

(B) during the immediately previous year, purchased more than 50 percent of the pecans such person shelled or had shelled for such account.

(25) State

The term "State" means any of the several States, the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

(26) United States

The term "United States" means collectively the several States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIX, §1907, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3839; Pub. L. 102–237, title VIII, §802(1), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1882.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1991—Par. (22). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted "in-shell" for "inshell".
7 U.S.C. § 2709 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 60: EGG RESEARCH AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 2709: Termination or suspension of orders
Termination or suspension of orders
Status: in_force

(a) Authority of Secretary

The Secretary shall, whenever he finds that any order issued under this chapter, or any provisions thereof, obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the declared policy of this chapter, terminate or suspend the operation of such order or such provisions thereof.

(b) Referendum to terminate or suspend; eligible voters; requirements for approval; termination or suspension date

The Secretary may conduct a referendum at any time, and shall hold a referendum on request of 10 per centum or more of the number of egg producers voting in the referendum approving the order, to determine whether such producers favor the termination or suspension of the order, and he shall suspend or terminate such order six months after he determines that suspension or termination of the order is approved or favored by a majority of the egg producers voting in such referendum who, during a representative period determined by the Secretary, have been engaged in the production of commercial eggs, and who produced more than 50 per centum of the volume of eggs produced by the egg producers voting in the referendum.

(c) Termination or suspension not to be considered as order

The termination or suspension of any order, or any provision thereof, shall not be considered an order within the meaning of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 93–428, §10, Oct. 1, 1974, 88 Stat. 1176.)
7 U.S.C. § 2008r (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008r: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VI, §6601(a)(1)(F), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4776
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VI, §6601(a)(1)(F), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4776
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §379D, as added Pub. L. 107–171, title VI, §6027(i), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 374, related to Delta region agricultural economic development.
7 U.S.C. § 1329a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1329a: Discontinuance of acreage allotments on corn
Discontinuance of acreage allotments on corn
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, acreage allotments and a commercial corn-producing area shall not be established for the 1959 and subsequent crops of corn.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §330, as added Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title I, §104(b)(1), as added Pub. L. 85–835, title II, §201, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 994.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Inapplicability of Section

Section inapplicable to 2014 through 2018 crops of covered commodities, cotton, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Feb. 7, 2014, through Dec. 31, 2018, see section 9092(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2008 through 2012 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning June 18, 2008, through Dec. 31, 2012, see section 8782(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning May 13, 2002, through Dec. 31, 2007, see section 7992(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 1996 through 2001 crops of loan commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Apr. 4, 1996, and ending Dec. 31, 2002, see section 7301(a)(1)(A) of this title.

1958 Referendum for Selection of Alternative Corn Program; Operative Status of Certain Provisions

Corn producers voted for adoption of price support program as provided in section 1444a(b) of this title (254,262) rather than alternative corn acreage allotment and price support program (102,907), the ballot making operative sections 1329a and 1444b and repeal of section 1441(d)(4) of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2427 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 57: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION / Subchapter II: PROTECTABILITY OF PLANT VARIETIES AND CERTIFICATES OF PROTECTION / Section 2427: Publication
Publication
Status: in_force

The Secretary may establish regulations for the publication of information regarding any pending application when publication is requested by the owner.

(Pub. L. 91–577, title II, §57, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1549; Pub. L. 96–574, §13, Dec. 22, 1980, 94 Stat. 3350.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1980—Pub. L. 96–574 inserted "information regarding" after "publication of".
7 U.S.C. § 2209h (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2209h: Reimbursement of Office of the General Counsel
Reimbursement of Office of the General Counsel
Status: in_force

On and after November 10, 2005, agencies and offices of the Department of Agriculture may utilize any unobligated salaries and expenses funds to reimburse the Office of the General Counsel for salaries and expenses of personnel, and for other related expenses, incurred in representing such agencies and offices in the resolution of complaints by employees or applicants for employment, and in cases and other matters pending before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, or the Merit Systems Protection Board with the prior approval of the Committees on Appropriations of both Houses of Congress.

(Pub. L. 109–97, title VII, §732, Nov. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 2154.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:

Pub. L. 108–447, div. A, title VII, §736, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 2844.

Pub. L. 108–199, div. A, title VII, §732, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 35.

Pub. L. 108–7, div. A, title VII, §739, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 43.
7 U.S.C. § 450l (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 450l: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 450l was editorially reclassified as section 4553 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 8718 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 113: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY SUPPORT PROGRAMS / Subchapter I: DIRECT PAYMENTS AND COUNTER-CYCLICAL PAYMENTS / Section 8718: Special rule for long grain and medium grain rice
Special rule for long grain and medium grain rice
Status: in_force

(a) Calculation method

Subject to subsections (b) and (c), for the purposes of determining the amount of the counter-cyclical payments to be paid to the producers on a farm for long grain rice and medium grain rice under section 8714 1 of this title, the base acres of rice on the farm shall be apportioned using the 4-year average of the percentages of acreage planted in the applicable State to long grain rice and medium grain rice during the 2003 through 2006 crop years, as determined by the Secretary.

(b) Producer election

As an alternative to the calculation method described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall provide producers on a farm the opportunity to elect to apportion rice base acres on the farm using the 4-year average of—

(1) the percentages of acreage planted on the farm to long grain rice and medium grain rice during the 2003 through 2006 crop years;

(2) the percentages of any acreage on the farm that the producers were prevented from planting to long grain rice and medium grain rice during the 2003 through 2006 crop years because of drought, flood, other natural disaster, or other condition beyond the control of the producers, as determined by the Secretary; and

(3) in the case of a crop year for which a producer on a farm elected not to plant to long grain and medium grain rice during the 2003 through 2006 crop years, the percentages of acreage planted in the applicable State to long grain rice and medium grain rice, as determined by the Secretary.

(c) Limitation

In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall use the same total base acres, payment acres, and payment yields established with respect to rice under sections 7911 and 7912 of this title, as in effect on September 30, 2007, subject to any adjustment under section 8711 of this title.

(Pub. L. 110–234, title I, §1108, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 952; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title I, §1108, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1681.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 8714 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, §1102(a), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 658.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
7 U.S.C. § 2282 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55A: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ADVISORY COMMITTEES / Section 2282: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

When used in this chapter—

(1) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States;

(2) the term "Department of Agriculture" means the United States Department of Agriculture; and

(3) the term "advisory committee" means any committee, board, commission, council, conference, panel, task force, or other similar group, or any subcommittee or other subgroup thereof that is established or utilized by the Department of Agriculture in the interest of obtaining advice or recommendations for the President or the Department of Agriculture, except that such term excludes any committee which (A) is composed wholly of full-time officers or employees of the Federal Government, (B) is established by statute or reorganization plan, or (C) is established by the President.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XVIII, §1802, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1041; Pub. L. 97–98, title XI, §1116(a), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1270.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1981—Pub. L. 97–98 reenacted section without change.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 6962a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter V: NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT / Section 6962a: Cooperative agreements
Cooperative agreements
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law (including provisions of law requiring competition), the Secretary of Agriculture may on and after October 28, 2000, enter into cooperative agreements (which may provide for the acquisition of goods or services, including personal services) with a State, political subdivision, or agency thereof, a public or private agency, organization, or any other person, if the Secretary determines that the objectives of the agreement will: (1) serve a mutual interest of the parties to the agreement in carrying out the programs administered by the Natural Resources Conservation Service; and (2) all parties will contribute resources to the accomplishment of these objectives: Provided, That Commodity Credit Corporation funds obligated for such purposes shall not exceed the level obligated by the Commodity Credit Corporation for such purposes in fiscal year 1998.

(Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title VII, §714], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–30.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, and not as part of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994, which in part comprises this chapter.
7 U.S.C. § 511q (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 21A: TOBACCO INSPECTION / Section 511q: Short title
Short title
Status: in_force

This chapter may be cited as "The Tobacco Inspection Act."

(Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 623, §18, 49 Stat. 735.)
7 U.S.C. § 1992 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 1992: Loan limitations
Loan limitations
Status: in_force

No loan (other than one to a public body or nonprofit association (including Indian tribes on Federal and State reservations or other federally recognized Indian tribal groups) for community facilities or one of a type authorized by section 1926(a)(1) of this title prior to its amendment by the Rural Development Act of 1972) shall be made by the Secretary either for sale as an insured loan or otherwise under sections 1926(a)(1), 1932, or 1942(c) of this title unless the Secretary shall have determined that no other lender is willing to make such loan and assume 10 per centum of any loss sustained thereon. No contract guaranteeing any such loan by such other lender shall require the Secretary to guarantee more than 90 per centum of the principal and interest on such loan.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §344, as added Pub. L. 92–419, title I, §129, Aug. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 666; amended Pub. L. 94–35, §2, June 16, 1975, 89 Stat. 214; Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, §661(i), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1107.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

For statutory changes to section 1926(a)(1) of this title by the Rural Development Act of 1972, referred to in text, see 1972 Amendment note for section 104 of Pub. L. 92–419, set out under section 1926 of this title. For complete classification of Rural Development Act of 1972 to the Code, see Short Title of 1972 Amendment note set out under section 1921 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1996—Pub. L. 104–127 substituted "1926(a)(1), 1932, or 1942(c) of this title" for "1924(b), 1926(a)(1), 1932, 1942(b), or 1942(c) of this title".

1975—Pub. L. 94–35 substituted "guaranteed more than 90 per centum of the principal and interest on such loan" for "participate in more than 90 per centum of any loss sustained thereon".
7 U.S.C. § 8792 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 113: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY SUPPORT PROGRAMS / Subchapter V: ADMINISTRATION / Section 8792: Geographically disadvantaged farmers and ranchers
Geographically disadvantaged farmers and ranchers
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Agricultural commodity

The term "agricultural commodity" has the meaning given the term in section 5602 of this title.

(2) Geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher

The term "geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher" has the meaning given the term in section 10906(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 2204 note; Public Law 107–171).

(b) Authorization

Subject to the availability of funds under subsection (d), the Secretary may provide geographically disadvantaged farmers or ranchers direct reimbursement payments for activities described in subsection (c).

(c) Transportation

(1) In general

Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may provide direct reimbursement payments to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher to transport an agricultural commodity, or inputs used to produce an agricultural commodity, during a fiscal year.

(2) Proof of eligibility

To be eligible to receive assistance under paragraph (1), a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher shall demonstrate to the Secretary that transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs occurred over a distance of more than 30 miles, as determined by the Secretary.

(3) Amount

(A) In general

Subject to paragraph (2), the amount of direct reimbursement payments made to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher under this section for a fiscal year shall equal the product obtained by multiplying—

(i) the amount of costs incurred by the geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher for transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs during the fiscal year; and

(ii)(I) the percentage of the allowance for that fiscal year under section 5941 of title 5 for Federal employees stationed in Alaska and Hawaii; or

(II) in the case of an insular area (as defined in section 3103 of this title), a comparable percentage of the allowance for the fiscal year, as determined by the Secretary.

(B) Limitation

The total amount of direct reimbursement payments provided by the Secretary under this section shall not exceed $15,000,000 for a fiscal year.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for fiscal year 2009 and each succeeding fiscal year.

(Pub. L. 110–234, title I, §1621, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1024; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title I, §1621, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1752; Pub. L. 113–79, title I, §1606, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 708.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2014—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "fiscal year 2009 and each succeeding fiscal year" for "each of fiscal years 2009 through 2012".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1342a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1342a: National cotton production goal
National cotton production goal
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall, not later than November 15, of the calendar years 1970 through 1976 proclaim a national cotton production goal for the 1971 and subsequent crops of upland cotton. The national cotton production goal for any year shall be the number of bales of upland cotton (standard bales of four hundred and eighty pounds net weight) equal to the estimated domestic consumption and estimated exports for the marketing year beginning in the calendar year for which such national cotton production goal is proclaimed, plus an allowance of not less than 5 per centum of such estimated consumption and estimated exports for market expansion except that the Secretary shall make such adjustments in the amount of such production goal as he determines necessary after taking into consideration the estimated stocks of upland cotton in the United States (including the qualities of such stocks) and stocks in foreign countries, which would be available for the marketing year, to assure the maintenance of adequate but not excessive carryover stocks in the United States (not less than 50 per centum of the average offtake for the three preceding marketing years) to provide a continuous and stable supply of the different qualities of upland cotton needed in the United States and in foreign cotton consuming countries and, in addition, to provide an adequate reserve for purposes of national security.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §342a, as added Pub. L. 91–524, title VI, §601(2), Nov. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1371; amended Pub. L. 93–86, §1(19)(B), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 233.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1973—Pub. L. 93–86 substituted "1970 through 1976" for "1970, 1971, and 1972".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 91–524, title VI, §601, Nov. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1371, provided that this section is effective beginning with the 1971 crop of upland cotton.

Inapplicability of Section

Section inapplicable to 2014 through 2018 crops of covered commodities, cotton, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Feb. 7, 2014, through Dec. 31, 2018, see section 9092(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2008 through 2012 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning June 18, 2008, through Dec. 31, 2012, see section 8782(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning May 13, 2002, through Dec. 31, 2007, see section 7992(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 1996 through 2001 crops of loan commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Apr. 4, 1996, and ending Dec. 31, 2002, see section 7301(a)(1)(A) of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 7714 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 104: PLANT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: PLANT PROTECTION / Section 7714: General remedial measures for new plant pests and noxious weeds
General remedial measures for new plant pests and noxious weeds
Status: in_force

(a) Authority to hold, treat, or destroy items

If the Secretary considers it necessary in order to prevent the dissemination of a plant pest or noxious weed that is new to or not known to be widely prevalent or distributed within and throughout the United States, the Secretary may hold, seize, quarantine, treat, apply other remedial measures to, destroy, or otherwise dispose of any plant, plant pest, noxious weed, biological control organism, plant product, article, or means of conveyance that—

(1) is moving into or through the United States or interstate, or has moved into or through the United States or interstate, and—

(A) the Secretary has reason to believe is a plant pest or noxious weed or is infested with a plant pest or noxious weed at the time of the movement; or

(B) is or has been otherwise in violation of this chapter;

(2) has not been maintained in compliance with a post-entry quarantine requirement; or

(3) is the progeny of any plant, biological control organism, plant product, plant pest, or noxious weed that is moving into or through the United States or interstate, or has moved into the United States or interstate, in violation of this chapter.

(b) Authority to order an owner to treat or destroy

(1) In general

The Secretary may order the owner of any plant, biological control organism, plant product, plant pest, noxious weed, article, or means of conveyance subject to action under subsection (a) to treat, apply other remedial measures to, destroy, or otherwise dispose of the plant, biological control organism, plant product, plant pest, noxious weed, article, or means of conveyance, without cost to the Federal Government and in the manner the Secretary considers appropriate.

(2) Failure to comply

If the owner fails to comply with the Secretary's order under this subsection, the Secretary may take an action authorized by subsection (a) and recover from the owner the costs of any care, handling, application of remedial measures, or disposal incurred by the Secretary in connection with actions taken under subsection (a).

(c) Classification system

(1) Development required

To facilitate control of noxious weeds, the Secretary may develop a classification system to describe the status and action levels for noxious weeds. The classification system may include the current geographic distribution, relative threat, and actions initiated to prevent introduction or distribution.

(2) Management plans

In conjunction with the classification system, the Secretary may develop integrated management plans for noxious weeds for the geographic region or ecological range where the noxious weed is found in the United States.

(d) Application of least drastic action

No plant, biological control organism, plant product, plant pest, noxious weed, article, or means of conveyance shall be destroyed, exported, or returned to the shipping point of origin, or ordered to be destroyed, exported, or returned to the shipping point of origin under this section unless, in the opinion of the Secretary, there is no less drastic action that is feasible and that would be adequate to prevent the dissemination of any plant pest or noxious weed new to or not known to be widely prevalent or distributed within and throughout the United States.

(Pub. L. 106–224, title IV, §414, June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 444; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10418(b)(1), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 508.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), (3), was in the original "this title", meaning title IV of Pub. L. 106–224, June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 438, known as the Plant Protection Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title IV to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7701 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2002—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–171, §10418(b)(1)(A), struck out ", or the owner's agent," after "subsection (a)".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107–171, §10418(b)(1)(B), struck out "or agent of the owner" after "the owner" in two places.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of the Secretary of Agriculture relating to agricultural import and entry inspection activities under this chapter to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 231, 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
7 U.S.C. § 428c (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 428c: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 428c was editorially reclassified as section 5943 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 449 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 449: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 449 was editorially reclassified as section 667g–2 of Title 16, Conservation.
7 U.S.C. § 499f (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 20A: PERISHABLE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 499f: Complaints, written notifications, and investigations
Complaints, written notifications, and investigations
Status: in_force

(a) Reparation complaints

(1) Petition; process

Any person complaining of any violation of any provision of section 499b of this title by any commission merchant, dealer, or broker may, at any time within nine months after the cause of action accrues, apply to the Secretary by petition, which shall briefly state the facts, whereupon, if, in the opinion of the Secretary, the facts therein contained warrant such action, a copy of the complaint thus made shall be forwarded by the Secretary to the commission merchant, dealer, or broker, who shall be called upon to satisfy the complaint, or to answer it in writing, within a reasonable time to be prescribed by the Secretary.

(2) Filing and handling fees

A person submitting a petition to the Secretary under paragraph (1) shall include a filing fee of $60 per petition. If the Secretary determines under paragraph (1) that the facts contained in the petition warrant further action, the person or persons submitting the petition shall submit to the Secretary a handling fee of $300. The Secretary may not forward a copy of the complaint to the commission merchant, dealer, or broker involved until after the Secretary receives the required handling fee. The Secretary shall deposit fees submitted under this paragraph into the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act Fund provided for by section 499c(b) of this title. The Secretary may alter the fees specified in this paragraph by rulemaking under section 553 of title 5.

(b) Disciplinary violations

Any officer or agency of any State or Territory having jurisdiction over commission merchants, dealers, or brokers in such State or Territory and any other interested person (other than an employee of an agency of the Department of Agriculture administering this chapter) may file, in accordance with rules prescribed by the Secretary, a written notification of any alleged violation of this chapter by any commission merchant, dealer, or broker. In addition, any official certificates of the United States Government or States or Territories of the United States and trust notices filed pursuant to section 499e of this title shall constitute written notification for the purposes of conducting an investigation under subsection (c). The identity of any person filing a written notification under this subsection shall be considered to be confidential information. The identity of such person, and any portion of the notification to the extent that it would indicate the identity of such person, are specifically exempt from disclosure under section 552 of title 5 (commonly known as the Freedom of Information Act), as provided in subsection (b)(3) of such section.

(c) Investigation of complaints and notifications

(1) Commencing or expanding an investigation

If there appears to be, in the opinion of the Secretary, reasonable grounds for investigating a complaint made under subsection (a) or a written notification made under subsection (b), the Secretary shall investigate such complaint or notification. In the course of the investigation, if the Secretary determines that violations of this chapter are indicated other than the alleged violations specified in the complaint or notification that served as the basis for the investigation, the Secretary may expand the investigation to include such additional violations.

(2) Issuance of complaint by Secretary; process

In the opinion of the Secretary, if an investigation under this subsection substantiates the existence of violations of this chapter, the Secretary may cause a complaint to be issued. The Secretary shall have the complaint served by registered mail or certified mail or otherwise on the person concerned and afford such person an opportunity for a hearing thereon before a duly authorized examiner of the Secretary in any place in which the subject of the complaint is engaged in business. However, in complaints wherein the amount claimed as damages does not exceed $30,000, a hearing need not be held and proof in support of the complaint and in support of respondent's answer may be supplied in the form of depositions or verified statements of fact.

(3) Special notification requirements for certain investigations

Whenever the Secretary initiates an investigation on the basis of a written notification made under subsection (b) or expands such an investigation, the Secretary shall promptly notify the subject of the investigation of the existence of the investigation and the nature of the alleged violations of this chapter to be investigated. Not later than 180 days after providing the initial notification, the Secretary shall provide the subject of the investigation with notice of the status of the investigation, including whether the Secretary intends to issue a complaint under paragraph (2), terminate the investigation, or continue or expand the investigation. The Secretary shall provide additional status reports at the request of the subject of the investigation and shall promptly notify the subject of the investigation whenever the Secretary terminates the investigation.

(d) Decisions on complaints

After opportunity for hearing on complaints where the damages claimed exceed the sum of $30,000 has been provided or waived and on complaints where damages claimed do not exceed the sum of $30,000 not requiring hearing as provided herein, the Secretary shall determine whether or not the commission merchant, dealer, or broker has violated any provision of section 499b of this title.

(e) Bond required for certain complaints

In case a complaint is made by a nonresident of the United States, or by a resident of the United States to whom the claim of a nonresident of the United States has been assigned, the complainant shall be required, before any formal action is taken on his complaint, to furnish a bond in double the amount of the claim conditioned upon the payment of costs, including a reasonable attorney's fee for the respondent if the respondent shall prevail, and any reparation award that may be issued by the Secretary of Agriculture against the complainant on any counter claim by respondent: Provided, That the Secretary shall have authority to waive the furnishing of a bond by a complainant who is a resident of a country which permits the filing of a complaint by a resident of the United States without the furnishing of a bond.

(June 10, 1930, ch. 436, §6, 46 Stat. 534; Apr. 13, 1934, ch. 120, §§8–10, 48 Stat. 586, 587; Aug. 20, 1937, ch. 719, §§8, 9, 50 Stat. 728; Pub. L. 86–507, §1(4), June 11, 1960, 74 Stat. 200; Pub. L. 87–725, §8, Oct. 1, 1962, 76 Stat. 675; Pub. L. 92–231, §1, Feb. 15, 1972, 86 Stat. 38; Pub. L. 97–98, title XI, §1115(c), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1270; Pub. L. 97–352, §2, Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1667; Pub. L. 102–237, title X, §1011(4), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1898; Pub. L. 104–48, §§7, 8(a), Nov. 15, 1995, 109 Stat. 428, 429.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 556 of this title.

Amendments

1995—Pub. L. 104–48, §7(d)(1), substituted "Complaints, written notifications, and investigations" for "Complaint and investigation" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–48, §8(a), inserted subsec. heading, designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted par. (1) heading, and added par. (2).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–48, §7(a), inserted heading and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Any officer or agency of any State or Territory having jurisdiction over commission merchants, dealers, or brokers in such State or Territory and any employee of the United States Department of Agriculture or any interested person may file, in accordance with rules and regulations of the Secretary, a complaint of any violation of any provision of this chapter by any commission merchant, dealer, or broker and may request an investigation of such complaint by the Secretary."

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–48, §7(b), inserted heading and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "If there appear to be, in the opinion of the Secretary, any reasonable grounds for investigating any complaint made under this section, the Secretary shall investigate such complaint and may, if in his opinion the facts warrant such action, have said complaint served by registered mail or by certified mail or otherwise on the person concerned and afford such person an opportunity for a hearing thereon before a duly authorized examiner of the Secretary in any place in which the said person is engaged in business: Provided, That in complaints wherein the amount claimed as damages does not exceed the sum of $15,000, a hearing need not be held and proof in support of the complaint and in support of respondent's answer may be supplied in the form of depositions or verified statements of fact."

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–48, §7(c), (d)(2), inserted heading and substituted "$30,000" for "$15,000" in two places in text.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–48, §7(d)(3), inserted heading.

1991—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 102–237 inserted a period at end of subsec. (c) and substituted a period for semicolon at end of subsec. (d).

1982—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–352 inserted "or by a resident of the United States to whom the claim of a nonresident of the United States has been assigned," after "In case a complaint is made by a nonresident of the United States,".

1981—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 97–98 substituted "$15,000" for "$3,000".

1972—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 92–231 substituted "$3,000" for "$1,500".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 92–231 substituted "$3,000" for "$1,500" wherever appearing.

1962—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 87–725 substituted "$1,500" for "$500".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 87–725 substituted "$1,500" for "$500" wherever appearing.

1960—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 86–507 inserted "or by certified mail" after "registered mail".

1937—Subsec. (b). Act Aug. 20, 1937, §8, substituted "section 499b of this title" for "this chapter".

Subsec. (e). Act Aug. 20, 1937, §9, inserted "and any reparation award that may be issued by the Secretary of Agriculture against the complainant on any counter claim by respondent" and proviso.

1934—Subsec. (c). Act Apr. 13, 1934, §8, inserted proviso.

Subsec. (d). Act Apr. 13, 1934, §9, substituted "complaints" for "a complaint" after "on" and inserted "where damages claimed do not exceed the sum of $500 not requiring hearing as provided herein" after "complaints".

Subsec. (e). Act Apr. 13, 1934, §10, among other changes, inserted "formal" before "action".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Pub. L. 97–352, §3, Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1667, provided that: "The amendment made by section 2 [amending this section] shall not apply with respect to complaints made under section 6(e) of the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act, 1930 [7 U.S.C. 499f(e)], before the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 18, 1982]."

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Filing and Handling Fees During Fiscal Years 1995 and 1996

Pub. L. 103–276, §1, July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1406, during fiscal years 1995 and 1996, directed Secretary of Agriculture to require filing fee of $60 per petition for petitions alleging violation of section 499b of this title and handling fee of $300 for petitions that warrant further action, which handling fee was to be included in determining amount of damages, with both fees to be deposited into the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act Fund, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–48, §8(c), Nov. 15, 1995, 109 Stat. 429. See subsec. (a)(2) of this section.
7 U.S.C. § 1981f (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 1981f: Underwriting forms and standards
Underwriting forms and standards
Status: in_force

In the administration of this chapter, the Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, use underwriting forms, standards, practices, and terminology similar to the forms, standards, practices, and terminology used by lenders in the private sector.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §331F, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XVIII, §1808(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3820.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 87–128, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 307, known as the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1921 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Regulations

Pub. L. 101–624, title XVIII, §1808(b), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3820, provided that: "The Secretary of Agriculture shall not issue final regulations providing for the use of ratios and standards for determining the degree of potential loan risk under section 331F of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act [7 U.S.C. 1981f] (as added by subsection (a) of this section), prior to the submission of the study and report on the effects of the regulations required by section 621 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (7 U.S.C. 1989 note)."
7 U.S.C. § 1472 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter V: EMERGENCY LIVESTOCK FEED ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1988 / Section 1472: Assistance for livestock producers
Assistance for livestock producers
Status: in_force

(a) Definition of livestock

In this section, the term "livestock" includes elk, reindeer, bison, horses, and deer.

(b) Availability of assistance

In such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation Acts, the Secretary of Agriculture may provide assistance to dairy and other livestock producers to cover economic losses incurred by such producers in connection with the production of livestock.

(c) Types of assistance

The assistance provided to livestock producers may be in the following forms:

(1) Indemnity payments to livestock producers who incur livestock mortality losses.

(2) Livestock feed assistance to livestock producers affected by shortages of feed.

(3) Compensation for sudden increases in production costs.

(4) Such other assistance, and for such other economic losses, as the Secretary considers appropriate.

(d) Limitations

The Secretary may not use the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation to provide assistance under this section.

(e) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10104, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 488; Pub. L. 108–447, div. A, title VII, §785(b)(2), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 2850; Pub. L. 109–97, title VII, §784(b)(3), Nov. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 2162.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, and not as part of the Emergency Livestock Feed Assistance Act of 1988 which comprises this subchapter or as part of the Agricultural Act of 1949 which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of the 1949 Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1421 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2005—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–97 substituted "bison, horses, and deer" for "and bison".

2004—Pub. L. 108–447 added subsec. (a) and redesignated former subsecs. (a) to (d) as (b) to (e), respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2005 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–97 applicable to losses resulting from a disaster that occurs on or after July 28, 2005, and inapplicable to losses resulting from a disaster that occurs before such date, see section 784(c) of Pub. L. 109–97, set out as a note under section 1471 of this title.