22 U.S.C. § 285q (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIV: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 285q: Subscription to additional shares; authorization of appropriations
Subscription to additional shares; authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) The United States Governor of the Bank is authorized to subscribe on behalf of the United States to thirty thousand additional shares of the capital stock of the Bank in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions of Resolution Numbered 46 adopted by the Bank's Board of Governors on November 30, 1971.

(b) In order to pay for the increase in the United States subscription to the Bank provided for in this section, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated without fiscal year limitation $361,904,726 for payment by the Secretary of the Treasury.

(Pub. L. 89–369, §20, as added Pub. L. 93–537, Dec. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 1735.)
22 U.S.C. § 6902 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 77: UNITED STATES-CHINA RELATIONS / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 6902: Policy
Policy
Status: in_force

It is the policy of the United States—

(1) to develop trade relations that broaden the benefits of trade, and lead to a leveling up, rather than a leveling down, of labor, environmental, commercial rule of law, market access, anticorruption, and other standards across national borders;

(2) to pursue effective enforcement of trade-related and other international commitments by foreign governments through enforcement mechanisms of international organizations and through the application of United States law as appropriate;

(3) to encourage foreign governments to conduct both commercial and noncommercial affairs according to the rule of law developed through democratic processes;

(4) to encourage the Government of the People's Republic of China to afford its workers internationally recognized worker rights;

(5) to encourage the Government of the People's Republic of China to protect the human rights of people within the territory of the People's Republic of China, and to take steps toward protecting such rights, including, but not limited to—

(A) ratifying the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights;

(B) protecting the right to liberty of movement and freedom to choose a residence within the People's Republic of China and the right to leave from and return to the People's Republic of China; and

(C) affording a criminal defendant—

(i) the right to be tried in his or her presence, and to defend himself or herself in person or through legal assistance of his or her own choosing;

(ii) the right to be informed, if he or she does not have legal assistance, of the right set forth in clause (i);

(iii) the right to have legal assistance assigned to him or her in any case in which the interests of justice so require and without payment by him or her in any such case if he or she does not have sufficient means to pay for it;

(iv) the right to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent, and impartial tribunal established by the law;

(v) the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law; and

(vi) the right to be tried without undue delay; and

(6) to highlight in the United Nations Human Rights Commission and in other appropriate fora violations of human rights by foreign governments and to seek the support of other governments in urging improvements in human rights practices.

(Pub. L. 106–286, div. B, title II, §203, Oct. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 893.)
22 U.S.C. § 7551 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 82: AFGHANISTAN FREEDOM SUPPORT / Subchapter III: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 7551: Requirement to comply with procedures relating to the prohibition on assistance to drug traffickers
Requirement to comply with procedures relating to the prohibition on assistance to drug traffickers
Status: in_force

Assistance provided under this chapter shall be subject to the same provisions as are applicable to assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] and the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.] under section 487 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to the prohibition on assistance to drug traffickers; 22 U.S.C. 2291f), and the applicable regulations issued under that section.

(Pub. L. 107–327, title III, §301, Dec. 4, 2002, 116 Stat. 2812.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 3715b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3715b: Transfers from Fund for compensation benefits
Transfers from Fund for compensation benefits
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury shall, upon request of the Secretary of Labor, transfer funds from the Fund to the Employees' Compensation Fund to reimburse the Employees' Compensation Fund for the total cost of workers' compensation benefits and other payments described in section 3715a(a) of this title that are provided on or after October 1, 1988.

(Pub. L. 100–705, §4, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4685.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Panama Canal Commission Compensation Fund Act of 1988, and not as part of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1988, see section 10 of Pub. L. 100–705, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 3612 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2683 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2683: Assumption of obligations of operation of broadcasting facilities
Assumption of obligations of operation of broadcasting facilities
Status: in_force

The Department of State shall assume all obligations of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation covering operations of said facilities, equipment, and appurtenant property outstanding at the date of transfer.

(July 9, 1949, ch. 301, §3, 63 Stat. 408.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 170c of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.

Executive Documents

Abolition of Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Section 6(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1957, eff. June 30, 1957, 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647, set out as a note under section 601 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, abolished the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
22 U.S.C. § 8904 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 96: SOVEREIGNTY, INTEGRITY, DEMOCRACY, AND ECONOMIC STABILITY OF UKRAINE / Section 8904: Recovery of assets linked to governmental corruption in Ukraine
Recovery of assets linked to governmental corruption in Ukraine
Status: in_force

(a) Asset recovery

The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Attorney General and the Secretary of the Treasury, shall assist, on an expedited basis as appropriate, the Government of Ukraine to identify, secure, and recover assets linked to acts of corruption by Viktor Yanukovych, members of his family, or other former or current officials of the Government of Ukraine or their accomplices in any jurisdiction through appropriate programs, including the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Initiative of the Department of Justice.

(b) Coordination

Any asset recovery efforts undertaken pursuant to subsection (a) shall be coordinated through the relevant bilateral or multilateral entities, including, as appropriate, the Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units, the Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative of the World Bank Group and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the Camden Asset Recovery Inter-Agency Network, and the Global Focal Point Initiative of the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL).

(c) Investigative assistance

The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Attorney General, shall assist the Government of Ukraine, the European Union, and other appropriate countries, on an expedited basis, with formal and informal investigative assistance and training, as appropriate, to support the identification, seizure, and return to the Government of Ukraine of assets linked to acts of corruption.

(d) Priority assigned

The Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure that the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury assists the Government of Ukraine, the European Union, and other appropriate countries under section 314(a) of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (31 U.S.C. 5311 note).

(Pub. L. 113–95, §5, Apr. 3, 2014, 128 Stat. 1090.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 314(a) of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 314(a) of Pub. L. 107–56, which is set out as a note under section 5311 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
22 U.S.C. § 1641d (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter III: CLAIMS AGAINST BULGARIA, HUNGARY, RUMANIA, ITALY, AND THE SOVIET UNION / Section 1641d: Claims of nationals of the United States against the Soviet Union
Claims of nationals of the United States against the Soviet Union
Status: in_force

(a) Claims prior to November 16, 1933

The Commission shall receive and determine in accordance with applicable substantive law, including international law, the validity and amounts of—

(1) claims of nationals of the United States against a Russian national originally accruing in favor of a national of the United States with respect to which a judgment was entered in, or a warrant of attachment issued from, any court of the United States or of a State of the United States in favor of a national of the United States, with which judgment or warrant of attachment a lien was obtained by a national of the United States, prior to November 16, 1933, upon any property in the United States which has been taken, collected, recovered, or liquidated by the Government of the United States pursuant to the Litvinov Assignment. Awards under this paragraph shall not exceed the proceeds of such property as may have been subject to the lien of the judgment or attachment; nor, in the event that such proceeds are less than the aggregate amount of all valid claims so related to the same property, exceed an amount equal to the proportion which each such claim bears to the total amount of such proceeds; and

(2) claims, arising prior to November 16, 1933, of nationals of the United States against the Soviet Government.

(b) Federal and State court judgments

Any judgment entered in any court of the United States or of a State of the United States shall be binding upon the Commission in its determination, under paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of this section, of any issue which was determined by the court in which the judgment was entered.

(c) Preferences

The Commission shall give preference to the disposition of the claims referred to in paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of this section, over all other claims presented to it under this subchapter.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title III, §305, as added Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, §3, 69 Stat. 572.)
22 U.S.C. § 3381 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 48A: TAIWAN ENHANCED RESILIENCE / Subchapter IV: SUPPORTING UNITED STATES EDUCATIONAL AND EXCHANGE PROGRAMS WITH TAIWAN / Section 3381: Findings
Findings
Status: in_force

Congress makes the following findings:

(1) The Taiwan Relations Act (Public Law 96–8; 22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.) affirmed United States policy "to preserve and promote extensive, close, and friendly commercial, cultural, and other relations between the people of the United States and the people on Taiwan, as well as the people on the China mainland and all other peoples of the Western Pacific area".

(2) Consistent with the Asia Reassurance Initiative Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–409), the United States has grown its strategic partnership with Taiwan's vibrant democracy of 23,000,000 people.

(3) The creation of a United States fellowship program with Taiwan would support—

(A) a key priority of expanding people-to-people exchanges, which was outlined in President Donald J. Trump's 2017 National Security Strategy;

(B) President Joseph R. Biden's commitment to Taiwan, "a leading democracy and a critical economic and security partner", as expressed in his March 2021 Interim National Security Strategic Guidance; and

(C) April 2021 guidance from the Department of State based on a review required under the Taiwan Assurance Act of 2020 (subtitle B of title III of division FF of Public Law 116–260) to "encourage U.S. government engagement with Taiwan that reflects our deepening unofficial relationship".

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5527, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3324.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Taiwan Relations Act, referred to in par. (1), is Pub. L. 96–8, Apr. 10, 1979, 93 Stat. 14, which is classified generally to chapter 48 (§3301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3301 of this title and Tables.

The Asia Reassurance Initiative Act of 2018, referred to in par. (2), is Pub. L. 115–409, Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5387. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 2651 of this title and Tables.

The Taiwan Assurance Act of 2020, referred to in par. (3)(C), is subtitle B (§§311–315) of Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title III, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3099, which enacted provisions set out as notes under section 3301 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2020 Amendment note set out under section 3301 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 6741 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 75: CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION IMPLEMENTATION / Subchapter III: REPORTS / Section 6741: Reports required by United States National Authority
Reports required by United States National Authority
Status: in_force

(a) Regulations on recordkeeping

(1) Requirements

The United States National Authority shall ensure that regulations are prescribed that require each person located in the United States who produces, processes, consumes, exports, or imports, or proposes to produce, process, consume, export, or import, a chemical substance that is subject to the Convention to—

(A) maintain and permit access to records related to that production, processing, consumption, export, or import of such substance; and

(B) submit to the Director of the United States National Authority such reports as the United States National Authority may reasonably require to provide to the Organization, pursuant to subparagraph 1(a) of the Annex on Confidentiality of the Convention, the minimum amount of information and data necessary for the timely and efficient conduct by the Organization of its responsibilities under the Convention.

(2) Rulemaking

The Director of the United States National Authority shall ensure that regulations pursuant to this section are prescribed expeditiously.

(b) Coordination

(1) Avoidance of duplication

To the extent feasible, the United States Government shall not require the submission of any report that is unnecessary or duplicative of any report required by or under any other law. The head of each Federal agency shall coordinate the actions of that agency with the heads of the other Federal agencies in order to avoid the imposition of duplicative reporting requirements under this chapter or any other law.

(2) Definition

As used in paragraph (1), the term "Federal agency" has the meaning given the term "agency" in section 551(1) of title 5.

(Pub. L. 105–277, div. I, title IV, §401, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–880.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was in the original "this Act" and was translated as reading "this division", meaning div. I of Pub. L. 105–277, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–856, known as the Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act of 1998, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. For complete classification of division I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6701 of this title and Tables.

Executive Documents

Regulations

Regulations under subsec. (a) to be issued by Department of Commerce by a date specified by Department of State as United States National Authority (USNA) and to be reviewed and approved by USNA in coordination with an interagency group, see section 3 of Ex. Ord. No. 13128, June 25, 1999, 64 F.R. 34703, set out as a note under section 6711 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 290k (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XXVI: MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY / Section 290k: Acceptance of membership
Acceptance of membership
Status: in_force

The President is hereby authorized to accept membership for the United States in the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the "Agency") provided for by the Convention Establishing the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the "Convention") deposited in the archives of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the "Bank").

(Pub. L. 100–202, §101(e) [title I], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–131, 1329–134.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is based on section 403 of title IV of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987, and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202.

Section 402 of title IV of H.R. 3750, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987, and as enacted into law by section 101(e) [title I] of Pub. L. 100–202, provided that: "This title [enacting this subchapter] shall be codified as subchapter XXVI of chapter 7 of title 22 of the United States Code."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Section 401 of title IV of H.R. 3750, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987, and as enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202, §101(e) [title I], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–131, 1329–134, provided that: "This title [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the 'Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Act'."
22 U.S.C. § 287s (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVII: UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION / Section 287s: Amendments to constitution of Organization involving new obligations
Amendments to constitution of Organization involving new obligations
Status: in_force

Unless Congress by law authorizes such action, neither the President nor any person or agency shall on behalf of the United States approve any amendment under article XIII of the constitution of the Organization involving any new obligation for the United States.

(July 30, 1946, ch. 700, §7, 60 Stat. 714.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Article XIII of the constitution of the Organization, referred to in text, is article XIII of the constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, which is set out as a note under section 287m of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1506 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 19: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE PROGRAM / Subchapter I: ASSISTANCE TO EUROPEAN COUNTRIES / Section 1506: Repealed. Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title V, §503(b)(1), as added June 20, 1952, ch. 449, §7(c), 66 Stat. 144
Repealed. Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title V, §503(b)(1), as added June 20, 1952, ch. 449, §7(c), 66 Stat. 144
Status: repealed

Section, acts Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title I, §108, 62 Stat. 141; Apr. 19, 1949, ch. 77, §4, 63 Stat. 50, related to the United States Special Representative and Deputy Representative abroad; appointment and compensation; and rank. See section 2391 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1076a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY SYSTEM / Section 1076a: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VIII, §822, as added July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §506, 90 Stat. 838, related to commencement, etc., of payment of annuity.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 4049 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY / Section 4049: Death in service
Death in service
Status: in_force

(a) Lump-sum credit

If a participant dies and no claim for annuity is payable under this part, the lump-sum credit shall be paid in accordance with section 4055 of this title.

(b) Surviving spouse

If a participant who has at least 18 months of civilian service credit toward retirement under the System dies before retirement or other separation from the Service and is survived by a spouse or former spouse qualifying for an annuity under section 4054(b) of this title, such surviving spouse shall be entitled to an annuity equal to 55 percent of the annuity computed in accordance with subsections (e) and (g) of this section and section 4046(a) of this title and any surviving former spouse shall be entitled to an annuity under section 4054(b) of this title as if the participant died after being entitled to an annuity under this part. If the participant had less than 3 years creditable civilian service at the time of death, the survivor annuity shall be computed on the basis of the average salary for the entire period of such service.

(c) Surviving spouse or former spouse, and children

If a participant who has at least 18 months of civilian service credit toward retirement under the System dies before retirement or other separation from the Service and is survived by a spouse or a former spouse who is the natural or adoptive parent of a surviving child of the annuitant, and a child or children, each surviving child shall be entitled to an annuity computed in accordance with subsections (c)(1) and (d) of section 4046 of this title.

(d) Surviving children

If a participant who has at least 18 months of civilian service credit toward retirement under the System dies before retirement or other separation from the Service and is not survived by a spouse, or a former spouse who is the natural or adoptive parent of a surviving child of the annuitant, but by a child or children, each surviving child shall be entitled to an annuity computed in accordance with subsections (c)(2) and (d) of section 4046 of this title.

(e) Service credit; presumption of qualification

If, at the time of his or her death, the participant had less than 20 years of service credit toward retirement under the System, the annuity payable in accordance with subsection (b) shall be computed in accordance with section 4046 of this title on the assumption he or she has had 20 years of service, except that the additional service credit that may accrue to a deceased participant under this subsection shall in no case exceed the difference between his or her age on the date of death and age 60. In all cases arising under this subsection or subsection (b), (c), (d), or (g), it shall be assumed that the deceased participant was qualified for retirement on the date of death.

(f) Recall service

If an annuitant entitled to a reduced annuity dies in service after being recalled under section 3948 of this title and is survived by a spouse or former spouse entitled to a survivor annuity based on the service of such annuitant, such survivor annuity shall be computed as if the recall service had otherwise terminated on the day of death and the annuity of the deceased had been resumed in accordance with section 4063 of this title. If such death occurs after the annuitant had completed sufficient recall service to attain eligibility for a supplemental annuity, a surviving spouse or surviving former spouse who was married to the participant at any time during a period of recall service shall be entitled to elect, in addition to any other benefits and in lieu of a refund of retirement contributions made during the recall service, a supplemental survivor annuity computed and paid under section 4046(i) of this title as if the recall service had otherwise terminated. If the annuitant had completed sufficient recall service to attain eligibility to have his or her annuity determined anew, a surviving spouse or such a surviving former spouse may elect, in lieu of any other survivor benefit under this subchapter, to have the rights of the annuitant redetermined and to receive a survivor annuity computed under subsection (b) on the basis of the total service of the annuitant.

(g) Limitation on surviving spouse's annuity

Notwithstanding subsection (b), if the participant or former participant had a former spouse qualifying for an annuity under section 4054(b) of this title, the annuity of the spouse under this section shall be subject to the limitation of section 4046(b)(3)(B) of this title.

(h) Commencement, termination, and resumption of annuities

Annuities that become payable under this section shall commence, terminate, and be resumed in accordance with subsection (b)(4), (e), or (h) of section 4046 of this title, as appropriate.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §809, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2111; Pub. L. 99–335, title IV, §402(a)(2), (c), June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 609; Pub. L. 100–238, title II, §§214(b), 215(b), Jan. 8, 1988, 101 Stat. 1774.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 100–238, §214(b), inserted "or a former spouse who is the natural or adoptive parent of a surviving child of the annuitant," after "spouse".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–238, §215(b), substituted "60" for "65".

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–335, §402(c), substituted "part" for "chapter".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–335, §402(a)(2), substituted "part" for "subchapter".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–238 effective 90 days after Jan. 8, 1988, see section 261(a) of Pub. L. 100–238, set out as a note under section 4054 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–335 effective Jan. 1, 1987, see section 702(a) of Pub. L. 99–335, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8401 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 4207 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter XIV: POWERS, DUTIES AND LIABILITIES OF CONSULAR OFFICERS GENERALLY / Section 4207: Profits from dealings with discharged seamen; prohibition
Profits from dealings with discharged seamen; prohibition
Status: in_force

No consular officer, nor any person under any consular officer shall make any charge or receive, directly or indirectly, any compensation, by way of commission or otherwise, for receiving or disbursing the wages or extra wages to which any seaman or mariner is entitled who is discharged in any foreign country, or for any money advanced to any such seaman or mariner who seeks relief from any consulate; nor shall any consular officer, or any person under any consular officer, be interested, directly or indirectly, in any profit derived from clothing, boarding or otherwise supplying or sending home any such seaman or mariner. Such prohibition as to profit, however, shall not be construed to relieve or prevent any such officer who is the owner of or otherwise interested in any vessel of the United States from transporting in such vessel any such seaman or mariner, or from receiving or being interested in such reasonable allowance as may be made for such transportation by law.

(R.S. §1719; Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, §3, 34 Stat. 100.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §1719 derived from act Aug. 18, 1856, ch. 127, §20, 11 Stat. 59.

Reference to "commercial agency" was omitted in view of the abolition of the grade of commercial agent by act Apr. 5, 1906.

Section was not enacted as part of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 which comprises this chapter.

Section was formerly classified to section 1187 of this title, and prior thereto to section 90 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 288j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVIII: PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS / Section 288j: International Development Law Institute
International Development Law Institute
Status: in_force

For purposes of the International Organizations Immunities Act (22 U.S.C. 288 and following), the International Development Law Institute shall be considered to be a public international organization in which the United States participates under the authority of an Act of Congress authorizing such participation.

(Pub. L. 102–511, title VIII, §805, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3353.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The International Organizations Immunities Act, referred to in text, is title I of act Dec. 29, 1945, ch. 652, 59 Stat. 669, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 288 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992, also known as the FREEDOM Support Act, and not as part of the International Organizations Immunities Act which comprises this subchapter.
22 U.S.C. § 1356 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 15: THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO TRADE RELATIONS / Section 1356: Termination of payments into Philippine treasury
Termination of payments into Philippine treasury
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 4 of the Act of March 8, 1902 (32 Stat. 54, ch. 140), or of section 19 of the Act of March 24, 1934 (48 Stat. 456, ch. 84), as added to such Act by section 6 of the Act of August 7, 1939 (53 Stat. 1232, ch. 502), or of the Act of November 8, 1945 (59 Stat. 577, ch. 454) or of any other provision of law, the proceeds of any duties or taxes, collected subsequent to July 3, 1946, which but for the enactment of this Act would be required to be paid into the general funds of the Treasury of the Philippines or would be held in separate or special funds and paid into the Treasury of the Philippines, shall be covered into the general fund of the Treasury of the United States.

(Apr. 30, 1946, ch. 244, title V, §506(a), 60 Stat. 157.)

Suspension of Provisions

Section not applicable during such time as the revised agreement between the United States and the Philippines is in effect, see section 1373 of this title.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 4 of the Act of March 8, 1902 (32 Stat. 54, ch. 140), referred to in text, was classified to section 123a of Title 19, Customs Duties, and was transferred to section 3343(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, and subsequently repealed by act Apr. 30, 1946, ch. 244, title V, §506(b), 60 Stat. 157, eff. July 4, 1946.

Section 19 of the Act of March 24, 1934 (48 Stat. 456, ch. 84), as added to such Act by section 6 of the Act of August 7, 1939 (53 Stat. 1232, ch. 502), referred to in text, was classified to section 1248 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, which was omitted from the Code.

Act of November 8, 1945 (59 Stat. 577, ch. 454), referred to in text, was classified to section 1249 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, which was omitted from the Code.

This Act, referred to in text, is act Apr. 30, 1946, ch. 244, 60 Stat. 141, known as the Philippine Trade Act of 1946, which is classified principally to subchapters I to IV of this chapter. Subchapters I, II, and III of this chapter were omitted from the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1354 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 284h (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIII: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION / Section 284h: Second replenishment; authorization of appropriations
Second replenishment; authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

The United States Governor is hereby authorized (1) to vote in favor of the second replenishment resolutions providing for an increase in the resources of the Association, and (2) to agree on behalf of the United States to contribute to the Association the sum of $480,000,000, as recommended by the Executive Directors in a report dated March 8, 1968, to the Board of Governors of the Association. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, $480,000,000 for payment by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States share of the increase in the resources of the Association.

(Pub. L. 86–565, §10, as added Pub. L. 91–14, May 23, 1969, 83 Stat. 10.)
22 U.S.C. § 4314 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 53: AUTHORITIES RELATING TO THE REGULATION OF FOREIGN MISSIONS / Section 4314: Extraordinary protective services
Extraordinary protective services
Status: in_force

(a) General authority

The Secretary may provide extraordinary protective services for foreign missions directly, by contract, or through State or local authority to the extent deemed necessary by the Secretary in carrying out this chapter, except that the Secretary may not provide under this section any protective services for which authority exists to provide such services under subsections (a)(7) and (d) of section 3056A of title 18.

(b) Requirement of extraordinary circumstances

The Secretary may provide funds to a State or local authority for protective services under this section only if the Secretary has determined that a threat of violence, or other circumstances, exists which requires extraordinary security measures which exceed those which local law enforcment 1 agencies can reasonably be expected to take.

(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §139(2), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 397

(d) Restrictions on use of funds

Of the funds made available for obligation under this section in any fiscal year—

(1) not more than 20 percent may be obligated for protective services within any single State during that year; and

(2) not less than 15 percent shall be retained as a reserve for protective services provided directly by the Secretary or for expenditures in local jurisdictions not otherwise covered by an agreement for protective services under this section.

The limitations on funds available for obligation in this subsection shall not apply to unobligated funds during the final quarter of any fiscal year.

(e) Period of agreement with State or local authority

Any agreement with a State or local authority for the provision of protective services under this section shall be for a period of not to exceed 90 days in any calendar year, but such agreements may be renewed after review by the Secretary.

(f) Requirement for appropriations

Contracts may be entered into in carrying out this section only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation Acts.

(g) Working capital fund

Amounts used to carry out this section shall not be subject to section 4308(h) of this title.

(Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841, title II, §214, as added Pub. L. 99–93, title I, §126(a), Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 417; amended Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §139(2), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 109–177, title VI, §605(d)(3), (e)(2)(C), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 255.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–177, §605(e)(2)(C), substituted "subsections (a)(7) and (d) of section 3056A of title 18" for "sections 202(7) and 208 of title 3".

Pub. L. 109–177, §605(d)(3), which directed amendment of section 214(a) of the State Department Basic Authorities Act by substituting "section 3056A(a)(7) and (d) of title 18" for "sections 202(8) and 208 of title 3", was not executed because this section, which is section 214 of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, did not contain the words "sections 202(8) and 208 of title 3" and because of the amendment by Pub. L. 109–177, §605(e)(2)(C). See note above.

1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–236 struck out subsec. (c) which read as follows: "Funds may be obligated under this section only after regulations to implement this section have been issued by the Secretary after consultation with appropriate committees of the Congress."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 99–93, title I, §126(e), Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 418, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [enacting this section and amending section 4304 of this title and section 208 of Title 3, The President] shall take effect on October 1, 1985."

1 So in original. Probably should be "enforcement".
22 U.S.C. § 8424 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 91: ENHANCED PARTNERSHIP WITH PAKISTAN / Subchapter II: SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR PAKISTAN / Section 8424: Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund
Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund
Status: in_force

(a) For fiscal year 2010

(1) In general

For fiscal year 2010, the Department of State's Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund established under the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111–32), hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Fund", shall consist of the following:

(A) Amounts appropriated to carry out this subsection (which may not include any amounts appropriated to carry out subchapter I of this chapter).

(B) Amounts otherwise available to the Secretary of State to carry out this subsection.

(2) Purposes of Fund

Amounts in the Fund made available to carry out this subsection for any fiscal year are authorized to be used by the Secretary of State, with the concurrence of the Secretary of Defense, to build and maintain the counterinsurgency capability of Pakistan under the same terms and conditions (except as otherwise provided in this subsection) that are applicable to amounts made available under the Fund for fiscal year 2009.

(3) Transfer authority

(A) In general

The Secretary of State is authorized to transfer amounts in the Fund made available to carry out this subsection for any fiscal year to the Department of Defense's Pakistan Counterinsurgency Fund established under the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111–32) and such amounts may be transferred back to the Fund if the Secretary of Defense, with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, determines that such amounts are not needed for the purposes for which initially transferred.

(B) Treatment of transferred funds

Subject to subsections (d) and (e) of section 8423 of this title, transfers from the Fund under the authority of subparagraph (A) shall be merged with and be available for the same purposes and for the same time period as amounts in the Department of Defense's Pakistan Counterinsurgency Fund.

(C) Relation to other authorities

The authority to provide assistance under this subsection is in addition to any other authority to provide assistance to foreign countries.

(D) Notification

The Secretary of State shall, not less than 15 days prior to making transfers from the Fund under subparagraph (A), notify the appropriate congressional committees in writing of the details of any such transfer.

(b) Submission of notifications

Any notification required by this section may be submitted in classified or unclassified form, as necessary.

(c) Appropriate congressional committees defined

In this section, the term "appropriate congressional committees" means—

(1) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and

(2) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

(Pub. L. 111–73, title II, §204, Oct. 15, 2009, 123 Stat. 2072.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2009, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), (3)(A), is Pub. L. 111–32, June 24, 2009, 123 Stat. 1859. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 6617 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 74: FOREIGN AFFAIRS AGENCIES CONSOLIDATION / Subchapter VI: TRANSITION / Section 6617: Final report
Final report
Status: in_force

Not later than January 1, 2001, the President, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report which provides a final accounting of the finances and operations of the agencies abolished under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XVI, §1617, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–801.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this subdivision", meaning subdiv. A of div. G of Pub. L. 105–277, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–765, known as the Foreign Affairs Agencies Consolidation Act of 1998. For complete classification of this subdivision to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6501 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2507b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 34: THE PEACE CORPS / Section 2507b: Sexual assault policy
Sexual assault policy
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The President shall develop and implement a comprehensive sexual assault policy that—

(1) includes a system for restricted and unrestricted reporting of sexual assault;

(2) mandates, for each Peace Corps country program, the designation of a Sexual Assault Response Liaison (SARL), who shall receive comprehensive training on procedures to respond to reports of sexual assault, with duties including ensuring that volunteers who are victims of sexual assault are moved to a safe environment and accompanying victims through the in-country response at the request of the victim;

(3) requires any employee of the Peace Corps to immediately contact a Victim's Advocate upon receiving a report of sexual assault in accordance with the restricted and unrestricted reporting guidelines promulgated by the Peace Corps and require the Peace Corps to designate the staff at each post who shall be responsible for providing the services described in subsection (c);

(4) to the extent practicable, conforms to best practices in the sexual assault field;

(5) is applicable to all posts at which volunteers serve;

(6) includes a guarantee that volunteers will not suffer loss of living allowances for reporting a sexual assault;

(7) maintains a record documenting the resignation of any employee or volunteer of the Peace Corps who resigns before a determination has been made regarding an alleged violation of the sexual misconduct policy or other serious policy violations;

(8) takes into account the record maintained under paragraph (7) before such employee or volunteer is hired, enrolled, or otherwise invited to work with the Peace Corps;

(9) provides orientation or information regarding the awareness and prevention of sexual assault and sexual harassment to—

(A) Peace Corps-selected host families; and

(B) a designated person of authority at the volunteer's initial workplace; and

(10) ensures, to the extent practicable and appropriate, that any assault on, or any harm or injury to, a volunteer that is committed by any member of a host family or any national of a host country that was assigned by the Peace Corps to facilitate volunteer work is—

(A) documented in an appropriate site history file and in the global tracking and recording system established pursuant to section 2507h(c) of this title; and

(B) taken into account with respect to determinations regarding placements of future volunteers at such post and the provision of any funds or other benefit by the Peace Corps.

(b) Development and consultation with experts

In developing the sexual assault policy under subsection (a), the President shall consult with and incorporate, as appropriate, the recommendations and views of experts in the sexual assault field, including experts with international experience.

(c) Elements

The sexual assault policy developed under subsection (a) shall include, at a minimum, the following services with respect to a volunteer who has been a victim of sexual assault:

(1) The option of pursuing either restricted or unrestricted reporting of an assault.

(2) Provision of a SARL and Victim's Advocate to the volunteer.

(3) At a volunteer's discretion, provision of a sexual assault forensic exam in accordance with applicable host country law.

(4) If necessary, the provision of emergency health care, including a mechanism for such volunteer to evaluate such provider.

(5) If necessary, the provision of counseling and psychiatric medication.

(6) Completion of a safety and treatment plan with the volunteer, if necessary.

(7) Evacuation of such volunteer for medical treatment, accompanied by a Peace Corps staffer at the request of such volunteer. When evacuated to the United States, such volunteer shall be provided, to the extent practicable, a choice of medical providers including a mechanism for such volunteers to evaluate the provider.

(8) An explanation to the volunteer of available law enforcement and prosecutorial options, and legal representation.

(d) Training

The President shall train all staff outside the United States regarding the sexual assault policy developed under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, §8B, as added Pub. L. 112–57, §2, Nov. 21, 2011, 125 Stat. 738; amended Pub. L. 115–256, title III, §303, Oct. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 3657.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 115–256, §303(1), substituted "any employee of the Peace Corps" for "SARLs" and "Victim's Advocate" for "Victim Advocate" and inserted "and require the Peace Corps to designate the staff at each post who shall be responsible for providing the services described in subsection (c)" before semicolon at end.

Subsec. (a)(7) to (10). Pub. L. 115–256, §303(2)–(4), added pars. (7) to (10).
22 U.S.C. § 1121 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY SYSTEM / Section 1121: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), (16), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159, 2160
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), (16), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159, 2160
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VIII, §882, as added Oct. 31, 1965, Pub. L. 89–308, §9(3), 79 Stat. 1131; amended Feb. 28, 1970, Pub. L. 91–201, title II, §205, 84 Stat. 19; July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §515, 90 Stat. 844; Oct. 1, 1976, Pub. L. 94–440, title XIII, §1306(e)(1), 90 Stat. 1463; Ex. Ord. No. 11272, §1–101, Jan. 16, 1981, 46 F.R. 5853, related to effective date, etc., of provisions authorizing cost-of-living annuity increase.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1452 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 18: UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS / Subchapter III: ASSIGNMENT OF SPECIALISTS / Section 1452: Status and allowances of assigned personnel
Status and allowances of assigned personnel
Status: in_force

Any person in the employ or service of the Government of the United States, while assigned for service to or in cooperation with another government under the authority of this chapter, shall be considered, for the purpose of preserving his rights, allowances, and privileges as such, an officer or employee of the Government of the United States and of the Government agency from which assigned and he shall continue to receive compensation from that agency. He may also receive, under such regulations as the President may prescribe, representation allowances similar to those allowed under section 4085 of this title. The authorization of such allowances and other benefits and the payment thereof out of any appropriations available therefor shall be considered as meeting all the requirements of section 5536 of title 5.

(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title III, §302, 62 Stat. 8; Pub. L. 97–241, title III, §304(a)(1)(B), (3), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 292.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1982—Pub. L. 97–241 substituted "person in the employ or service of the Government of the United States" for "citizen of the United States", "section 4085 of this title" for "section 1131(3) of this title", and "section 5536 of title 5" for "section 1765 of the Revised Statutes". Prior to the amendment by Pub. L. 97–241, "section 5536 of title 5" had been substituted for "section 1765 of the Revised Statutes" (which was formerly classified to section 70 of title 5) on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, §7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, thereby requiring no change in text.
22 U.S.C. § 2369 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2369: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-424, title VI, §604, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 961
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-424, title VI, §604, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 961
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, §619, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 444, related to assistance to newly independent countries.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 2151 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 8516 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 92: COMPREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND DIVESTMENT / Subchapter I: SANCTIONS / Section 8516: Authority to implement United Nations Security Council resolutions imposing sanctions with respect to Iran
Authority to implement United Nations Security Council resolutions imposing sanctions with respect to Iran
Status: in_force

In addition to any other authority of the President with respect to implementing resolutions of the United Nations Security Council, the President may prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to implement a resolution that is agreed to by the United Nations Security Council and imposes sanctions with respect to Iran.

(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, §108, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1337.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 8551(a) of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 5503 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 64: UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD / Section 5503: Department of State notification of families of victims
Department of State notification of families of victims
Status: in_force

(a) Department of State policy

It is the policy of the Department of State pursuant to section 2715 of this title to directly and promptly notify the families of victims of aviation disasters abroad concerning citizens of the United States directly affected by such a disaster, including timely written notice. The Secretary of State shall ensure that such notification by the Department of State is carried out notwithstanding notification by any other person.

(b) Department of State guidelines

Not later than 60 days after November 16, 1990, the Secretary of State shall issue such regulations, guidelines, and circulars as are necessary to ensure that the policy under subsection (a) is fully implemented.

(Pub. L. 101–604, title II, §204, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3083.)
22 U.S.C. § 2462 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 33: MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAM / Section 2462: Establishment of grant program for foreign study by American college students of limited financial means
Establishment of grant program for foreign study by American college students of limited financial means
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

Subject to the availability of appropriations and under the authorities of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2451 et seq.], the Secretary of State shall establish and carry out a program in each fiscal year to award grants of up to $5,000, to individuals who meet the requirements of subsection (b), toward the cost of up to one academic year of undergraduate study abroad. Grants under this Act shall be known as the "Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarships".

(b) Eligibility

An individual referred to in subsection (a) is an individual who—

(1) is a student in good standing at an institution of higher education in the United States (as defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 1001(a)]);

(2) has been accepted for up to one academic year of study on a program of study abroad approved for credit by the student's home institution;

(3) is receiving any need-based student assistance under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.]; and

(4) is a citizen or national of the United States.

(c) Application and selection

(1) Grant application and selection shall be carried out through accredited institutions of higher education in the United States or a combination of such institutions under such procedures as are established by the Secretary of State.

(2) In considering applications for grants under this section—

(A) consideration of financial need shall include the increased costs of study abroad; and

(B) priority consideration shall be given to applicants who are receiving Federal Pell Grants under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.].

(Pub. L. 106–309, title III, §303, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1095.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 87–256, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 527, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2451 of this title and Tables.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (a), probably means title III of Pub. L. 106–309, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1094, known as the International Academic Opportunity Act of 2000, which enacted this section and provisions set out as notes under this section. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

The Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsecs. (b)(3) and (c)(2)(B), is Pub. L. 89–329, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1219. Title IV of the Act is classified generally to subchapter IV (§1070 et seq.) of chapter 28 of Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of Title 20 and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the International Academic Opportunity Act of 2000, and also as part of the Microenterprise for Self-Reliance and International Anti-Corruption Act of 2000, and not as part of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

International Academic Opportunity

Pub. L. 106–309, title III, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1094, as amended by Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCVII, §9716(e), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3922, provided that:

"SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.

"This title [enacting this section and this note] may be cited as the 'International Academic Opportunity Act of 2000'.

"SEC. 302. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE.

"It is the purpose of this title to establish an undergraduate grant program for students of limited financial means from the United States to enable such students to study abroad. Such foreign study is intended to broaden the outlook and better prepare such students of demonstrated financial need to assume significant roles in the increasingly global economy.

"SEC. 303. ESTABLISHMENT OF GRANT PROGRAM FOR FOREIGN STUDY BY AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS OF LIMITED FINANCIAL MEANS.

"[Enacted this section.]

"[SEC. 304. Repealed. Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCVII, §9716(e), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3922.]

"SEC. 305. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

"There are authorized to be appropriated $1,500,000 for each fiscal year to carry out this title.

"SEC. 306. EFFECTIVE DATE.

"This title shall take effect October 1, 2000."
22 U.S.C. § 1781 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 1781: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Status: repealed

Section 1781, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, §521, 68 Stat. 855; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §10(a), 70 Stat. 560; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §10(a), 71 Stat. 363; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. V, §501(24), (25), 72 Stat. 271, empowered the President to delegate his authority and provided for the promulgation of rules and regulations. See section 2381 of this title.

Section 1782, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, §522, 68 Stat. 855; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §10(b), 70 Stat. 560; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. V, §501(26), 72 Stat. 272, related to allocation and transfer of funds among Government agencies, utilization of services and facilities, reimbursement for military assistance, commodities, services, and facilities, establishment of accounts, and to charge of expenses to appropriation. See section 2392 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 4071g (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY / Section 4071g: Cost-of-living adjustments
Cost-of-living adjustments
Status: in_force

Cost-of-living adjustments for annuitants under this System shall be granted under procedures in section 8462 of title 5 in the same manner as such adjustments are made for annuitants referred to in subsection (c)(3)(B)(ii) of such section.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §858, as added Pub. L. 99–335, title IV, §415, June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 619.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Delay in Cost-of-Living Adjustments During Fiscal Years 1994, 1995, and 1996

Any cost-of-living increase scheduled to take effect during fiscal year 1994, 1995, or 1996 under this section delayed until first day of third calendar month after date such increase would otherwise take effect, see section 11001 of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under section 8340 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 1642 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter IV: CLAIMS AGAINST CZECHOSLOVAKIA / Section 1642: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter—

(1) "National of the United States" means (A) a natural person who is a citizen of the United States, or who owes permanent allegiance to the United States, and (B) a corporation or other legal entity which is organized under the laws of the United States, any State or Territory thereof, or the District of Columbia, if natural persons who are nationals of the United States own, directly or indirectly, more than 50 per centum of the outstanding capital stock or other beneficial interest in such legal entity. It does not include aliens. (2) "Commission" means the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States, established, pursuant to Reorganization Plan Number 1 of 1954 (68 Stat. 1279). (3) "Property" means any property, right, or interest.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title IV, §401, as added Pub. L. 85–604, §1, Aug. 8, 1958, 72 Stat. 527.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Reorganization Plan Number 1 of 1954 (68 Stat. 1279), referred to in text, is Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, which is set out as a note under section 1622 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Separability

Pub. L. 85–604, §4, Aug. 8, 1958, 72 Stat. 531, provided that: "If any provision of this Act [enacting this subchapter and amending sections 1641c and 1641j of this title], or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, shall be held invalid, the remainder of the Act, or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected."

Transfer of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as Separate Agency Within Department of Justice

For provisions transferring Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as a separate agency within the Department of Justice, see section 1622a et seq. of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2347h (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2347h: Human rights report
Human rights report
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than March 1 of each year, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report describing, to the extent practicable, any involvement of a foreign military or defense ministry civilian participant in education and training activities under this part in a violation of internationally recognized human rights reported under section 2151n(d) of this title subsequent to such participation.

(b) Form

The report described in subsection (a) shall be in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §549, as added Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XII, §1212(a), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1428.)
22 U.S.C. § 8103 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 88: NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY-UNITED STATES ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION / Section 8103: Severability
Severability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this chapter, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder of this chapter, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 109–401, title II, §204, Dec. 18, 2006, 120 Stat. 2743.)
22 U.S.C. § 1071 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY SYSTEM / Section 1071: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VIII, §811, 60 Stat. 1020; Aug. 5, 1955, ch. 576, §10, 69 Stat. 537; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §33, 74 Stat. 839; Feb. 28, 1970, Pub. L. 91–201, title I, §102(a), 84 Stat. 17; July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §504, 90 Stat. 836; Aug. 17, 1977, Pub. L. 95–105, title IV, §409(a), 91 Stat. 854, Ex. Ord. No. 12145, §1–103, July 18, 1979, 44 F.R. 42653, related to rate of contributions to Fund.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 144 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 2: CONSULAR COURTS / Section 144: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, acts Mar. 2, 1909, ch. 235, 35 Stat. 679; Mar. 4, 1915, ch. 145, 38 Stat. 1122, related to exercise of judicial functions by vice consul at Shanghai.
22 U.S.C. § 9562 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 102: COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN EUROPE AND EURASIA / Subchapter III: EUROPEAN ENERGY SECURITY AND DIVERSIFICATION / Section 9562: Statement of policy
Statement of policy
Status: in_force

(a) Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that the United States has economic and national security interests in assisting European and Eurasian countries achieve energy security through diversification of their energy sources and supply routes.

(b) Statement of policy

It is the policy of the United States—

(1) to advance United States foreign policy and development goals by assisting European and Eurasian countries to reduce their dependence on energy resources from countries that use energy dependence for undue political influence, such as the Russian Federation, which has used natural gas to coerce, intimidate, and influence other countries;

(2) to promote the energy security of allies and partners of the United States by encouraging the development of accessible, transparent, and competitive energy markets that provide diversified sources, types, and routes of energy;

(3) to encourage United States public and private sector investment in European energy infrastructure projects to bridge the gap between energy security requirements and commercial demand in a way that is consistent with the region's absorptive capacity; and

(4) to help facilitate the export of United States energy resources, technology, and expertise to global markets in a way that benefits the energy security of allies and partners of the United States, including in Europe and Eurasia.

(Pub. L. 116–94, div. P, title XX, §2003, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3223.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the European Energy Security and Diversification Act of 2019, and also as part of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, and not as part of the Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 which comprises this chapter.
22 U.S.C. § 2281 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2281: "Debt-for-nature exchange" defined
"Debt-for-nature exchange" defined
Status: in_force

For purpose of this part, the term "debt-for-nature exchange" means the cancellation or redemption of the foreign debt of the government of a country in exchange for—

(1) that government's making available local currencies (including through the issuance of bonds) which are used only for eligible projects involving the conservation or protection of the environment in that country (as described in section 2283 of this title); or

(2) that government's financial resource or policy commitment to take certain specified actions to ensure the restoration, protection, or sustainable use of natural resources within that country; or

(3) a combination of assets and actions under both paragraphs (1) and (2).

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §461 [471], as added Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, §711, Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2521.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 2283 of this title, referred to in par. (1), was in the original "section 463", meaning section 463 of Pub. L. 87–195, which has been translated as meaning section 463 of Pub. L. 87–195 relating to eligible projects rather than section 463 of Pub. L. 87–195, relating to the peace process in Central America, which is classified to section 2273 of this title.

Codification

Another section 461 of Pub. L. 87–195 is classified to section 2271 of this title.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2281, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §471, as added Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, §110, Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 802, related to agreements with less developed countries for establishment of Joint Commissions on Rural Development, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 95–424, title VI, §604, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 961, effective Oct. 1, 1978.
22 U.S.C. § 9612 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 103: BETTER UTILIZATION OF INVESTMENTS LEADING TO DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter I: ESTABLISHMENT / Section 9612: United States International Development Finance Corporation
United States International Development Finance Corporation
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established in the executive branch the United States International Development Finance Corporation (in this chapter referred to as the "Corporation"), which shall be a wholly owned Government corporation for purposes of chapter 91 of title 31 under the foreign policy guidance of the Secretary of State.

(b) Purpose

The purpose of the Corporation shall be to mobilize and facilitate the participation of private sector capital and skills in the economic development of less developed countries, as described in subsection (c), and countries in transition from nonmarket to market economies, in order to complement the development assistance objectives, and advance the foreign policy interests, of the United States. In carrying out its purpose, the Corporation, utilizing broad criteria, shall take into account in its financing operations the economic and financial soundness and development objectives of projects for which it provides support under subchapter II of this chapter.

(c) Less developed country focus

(1) In general

The Corporation shall prioritize the provision of support under subchapter II of this chapter in less developed countries with a low-income economy or a lower-middle-income economy.

(2) Support in upper-middle-income countries

The Corporation shall restrict the provision of support under subchapter II of this chapter in a less developed country with an upper-middle-income economy unless—

(A) the President certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that such support furthers the national economic or foreign policy interests of the United States; and

(B) such support is designed to produce significant developmental outcomes or provide developmental benefits to the poorest population of that country.

(Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title I, §1412, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3486.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original "this division", meaning division F of Pub. L. 115–254, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3485, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of division F to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9601 of this title and Tables.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Authority Under the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development Act of 2018

Memorandum of President of the United States, July 7, 2020, 85 F.R. 45749, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the authority vested in the President by section 1412(c)(2)(A) of the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development Act of 2018 (title I of division F of Public Law 115–254) (the "Act") [22 U.S.C. 9612(c)(2)(A)] to certify to the appropriate congressional committees that the provision of support under title II of the Act [amending sections 9621 to 9624 of this title] in a less developed country with an upper-middle-income economy furthers the national economic or foreign policy interests of the United States. The delegation in this memorandum shall apply to any provision of any future public law that is the same or substantially the same as the provision referenced in this memorandum.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

Donald J. Trump.
22 U.S.C. § 6919 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 77: UNITED STATES-CHINA RELATIONS / Subchapter II: CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA / Section 6919: Printing and binding costs
Printing and binding costs
Status: in_force

For purposes of costs relating to printing and binding, including the costs of personnel detailed from the Government Publishing Office, the Commission shall be deemed to be a committee of the Congress.

(Pub. L. 106–286, div. B, title III, §309, Oct. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 900; Pub. L. 113–235, div. H, title I, §1301(b), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2537.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

"Government Publishing Office" substituted for "Government Printing Office" in text on authority of section 1301(b) of Pub. L. 113–235, set out as a note preceding section 301 of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents.
22 U.S.C. § 4224 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter XIV: POWERS, DUTIES AND LIABILITIES OF CONSULAR OFFICERS GENERALLY / Section 4224: Fees; accounting; stamps
Fees; accounting; stamps
Status: in_force

The provisions of sections 1196 1 and 4223 of this title, relative to official fees and the method of accounting therefor shall apply to diplomatic officers below the grade of minister and to consular officers.

(May 24, 1924, ch. 182, §18, formerly §11, 43 Stat. 142, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, §7, 46 Stat. 1209.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1196 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by act June 28, 1955, ch. 196, 69 Stat. 187.

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 which comprises this chapter.

Section was formerly classified to section 812 of this title, and prior thereto to section 13 of this title.

Amendments

1931—Act Feb. 23, 1931, substituted "shall apply to diplomatic officers below the grade of minister and to consular officers" for "shall include both branches of the Foreign Service".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1931 Amendment

Act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, §37, as added act Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, §7, 46 Stat. 1217, provided: "That this Act [see Tables for classification] shall take effect on July 1, 1931."

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 1401 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 16: GREEK AND TURKISH ASSISTANCE / Section 1401: Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(1), (4), 68 Stat. 861
Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(1), (4), 68 Stat. 861
Status: repealed

Section 1401, acts May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §1, 61 Stat. 103; Apr. 5, 1952, ch. 159, §1, 66 Stat. 43, authorized President to furnish assistance and prescribed type of assistance to be furnished. See sections 1451 to 1453 and 2395 of this title.

Section 1402, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §2, 61 Stat. 104, related to allocation of funds to Government agencies. See section 2392 of this title.

Section 1403, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §3, 61 Stat. 104, prescribed conditions precedent to receipt of assistance.

Section 1404, acts May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §4, 61 Stat. 105; Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, §303, 62 Stat. 158, related to advancement and reimbursement of funds by and to R.F.C. and appropriations.

Section 1405, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §5, 61 Stat. 105, related to rules and regulations and withdrawal of aid. See section 2367 of this title.

Section 1406, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §6, 61 Stat. 105, related to termination of assistance. See section 2367 of this title.

Section 1407, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §7, 61 Stat. 105, required President to submit quarterly reports to Congress. See section 2394 of this title.

Section 1408, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, §8, 61 Stat. 105, related to appointment and duties of chief of any mission to Greece and Turkey. See section 2391 of this title.

Section 1409, act Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, §302, 62 Stat. 158, related to additional appropriations.

Section 1410, act Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, §304, 62 Stat. 158, related to detail of certain personnel to missions in Greece and Turkey, and loyalty check.

See section 2151 et seq. of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2078 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 29: CULTURAL, TECHNICAL, AND EDUCATIONAL CENTERS / Subchapter V: INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR MIDDLE EASTERN-WESTERN DIALOGUE / Section 2078: International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue Trust Fund
International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue Trust Fund
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue Trust Fund. The income from the fund shall be used for operations of the International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue to promote dialogue and scholarship in the Middle East. The fund may accept contributions and gifts from public and private sources.

(b) Duties of Secretary of State; investments

It shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to invest in full amounts made available to the fund. Such investments may be made only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States. The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the fund shall be credited to and form a part of the fund and shall remain available without fiscal year limitation.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

For each fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated from the fund for the operations of the International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue the total amount of the interest and earnings credited to the fund under subsection (b).

(d) Authorization of additional appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to the International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue Trust Fund, without fiscal year limitation, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section and to provide for the permanent endowment for the International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue established under this section.

(e) Ownership of Center location

The United States, through the Department of State, shall retain ownership of the Palazzo Corpi building in Istanbul, Turkey, and the Secretary of State shall be responsible for maintaining the International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue at such location.

(Pub. L. 108–199, div. B, title VI, §633, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 100.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of section 633 of div. B of Pub. L. 108–199. Subsec. (f) of section 633 of div. B of Pub. L. 108–199 amended section 1321(a) of Title 31, Money and Finance.
22 U.S.C. § 2661a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2661a: Foreign contracts or arrangements; discrimination
Foreign contracts or arrangements; discrimination
Status: in_force

Information should not be disseminated about opportunities for, and there should be no participation or other assistance by any officer or employee of the Department of State (including the Agency for International Development) in, the negotiation of any contract or arrangement with a foreign country, individual, or entity, if—

(1) any United States person (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) is prohibited from entering into such contract or arrangement, or

(2) such contract or arrangement requires that any such person be excluded from participating in the implementation of such contract or arrangement,

on account of the race, religion, national origin, or sex of such person in the case of an individual or, in the case of a partnership, corporation, association, or other entity, any officer, employee, agent, director, or owner thereof.

(Pub. L. 94–350, title I, §121, July 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 829; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1986—Par. (1). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted "Internal Revenue Code of 1986" for "Internal Revenue Code of 1954", which for purposes of codification was translated as "title 26" thus requiring no change in text.
22 U.S.C. § 5732 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 66: UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY / Subchapter III: REPORTING PROVISIONS / Section 5732: Separate part of country reports
Separate part of country reports
Status: in_force

Whenever a report is transmitted to the Congress on a country-by-country basis there shall be included in such report, where applicable, a separate subreport on Hong Kong under the heading of the state that exercises sovereignty over Hong Kong. The reports to which this section applies include the reports transmitted under—

(1) sections 2151n(d) and 2304(b) of this title (relating to human rights);

(2) section 2241 of title 19 (relating to trade barriers); and

(3) section 4711 1 of title 15 (relating to economic policy and trade practices).

(Pub. L. 102–383, title III, §302, Oct. 5, 1992, 106 Stat. 1454.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 4711 of title 15, referred to in par. (3), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title VI, §671(1), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1407.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 3145 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 46A: FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL DATA / Section 3145: Construction of foreign direct investment and international financial data provisions
Construction of foreign direct investment and international financial data provisions
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to require any business enterprise or any of its officers, directors, shareholders, or employees, or any other person, to provide information beyond that which is required before November 7, 1990.

(b) Implementation

All departments and agencies implementing this Act and the amendments made by this Act shall, with respect to surveys or questionnaires used in such implementation—

(1) eliminate questions that are no longer necessary,

(2) cooperate with one another in order to ensure that questions asked are consistent among the departments and agencies, and

(3) develop new questions in order to obtain more refined statistics and analyses,

consistent with the purposes of the provisions of law amended by this Act and the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980.1

(Pub. L. 101–533, §9, Nov. 7, 1990, 104 Stat. 2351.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act or the amendments made by this Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 101–533, Nov. 7, 1990, 104 Stat. 2344, known as the Foreign Direct Investment and International Financial Data Improvements Act of 1990, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3141 of this title and Tables.

The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 96–511, Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2812, which was classified principally to chapter 35 (§3501 et seq.) of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents, prior to the general amendment of that chapter by Pub. L. 104–13, §2, May 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 163. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out under section 101 of Title 44 and Tables.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 524 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 10: HEMISPHERAL RELATIONS / Subchapter II: WAR MATERIALS / Section 524: Information on shipments to be given Chairman of National Munitions Control Board
Information on shipments to be given Chairman of National Munitions Control Board
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the Navy, as the case may be, shall, when any arms, ammunition, implements of war, or equipment are exported pursuant to the provisions of this subchapter, immediately inform the Secretary of State, Chairman of the National Munitions Control Board, of the quantities, character, value, terms of sale, and destination of the arms, ammunition, implements of war, or equipment so exported. Such information shall be included in the annual report of the Board.

(June 15, 1940, ch. 365, §4, 54 Stat. 397; July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, §205(a), 61 Stat. 501.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

National Munitions Control Board, referred to in text, was established under section 452 of this title, which was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(12), 68 Stat. 861. See section 2778 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Department of War designated Department of the Army and title of Secretary of War changed to Secretary of the Army by section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, 61 Stat. 501. Section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, was repealed by section 53 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 641. Section 1 of act Aug. 10, 1956, enacted "Title 10, Armed Forces" which in sections 3010 to 3013 continued Department of the Army under administrative supervision of Secretary of the Army.

Executive Documents

Secretary of the Air Force

For transfer of certain procurement and related functions and property, insofar as they pertain to Air Force, from Secretary of the Army and Department of the Army to Secretary of the Air Force and Department of the Air Force, see Secretary of Defense Transfer Order Nos. 6 [§1(a)(41)], eff. Jan. 15, 1948; 39 [§2zz], May 18, 1949.
22 U.S.C. § 1975 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 25: PROTECTION OF VESSELS ON THE HIGH SEAS AND IN TERRITORIAL WATERS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES / Section 1975: Claims for amounts expended because of seizure
Claims for amounts expended because of seizure
Status: in_force

(a) Action by Secretary

The Secretary of State shall—

(1) immediately notify a foreign country of—

(A) any reimbursement made by him under section 1973 of this title as a result of the seizure of a vessel of the United States by such country,

(B) any payment made pursuant to section 1977 of this title in connection with such seizure, and

(2) take such action as he deems appropriate to make and collect claims against such foreign country for the amounts so reimbursed and payments so made.

(b) Withholding amount of unpaid claim from foreign assistance funds

If a foreign country fails or refuses to make payment in full on any claim made under subsection (a)(2) of this section within one hundred and twenty days after the date on which such country is notified pursuant to subsection (a)(1) of this section, the Secretary of State shall transfer an amount equal to such unpaid claim or unpaid portion thereof from any funds appropriated by Congress and programed for the current fiscal year for assistance to the government of such country under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] unless the President certifies to the Congress that it is in the national interest not to do so in the particular instance (and if such funds are insufficient to cover such claim, transfer shall be made from any funds so appropriated and programed for the next and any succeeding fiscal year) to (1) the Fishermen's Protective Fund established pursuant to section 1979 of this title if the amount is transferred with respect to an unpaid claim for a reimbursement made under section 1973 of this title, or (2) the separate account established in the Treasury of the United States pursuant to section 1977(c) of this title if the amount is transferred with respect to an unpaid claim for a payment made under section 1977(a) of this title. Amounts transferred under this section shall not constitute satisfaction of any such claim of the United States against such foreign country.

(Aug. 27, 1954, ch. 1018, §5, 68 Stat. 883; Pub. L. 90–482, §3, Aug. 12, 1968, 82 Stat. 730; Pub. L. 92–569, §3, Oct. 26, 1972, 86 Stat. 1182; Pub. L. 98–364, title III, §302(b), July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 444.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 98–364 substituted "him" for "the Secretary of the Treasury".

1972—Pub. L. 92–569 substituted provisions that the Secretary of State notify the foreign country of reimbursements made under section 1973 of this title and payments made under section 1977 of this title, take appropriate action to make and collect claims against such foreign country and on failure to receive payment or on refusal to pay within 120 days after the notification, transfer an amount equal to the unpaid amount from funds programmed for assistance to that country to the Fishermen's Protective Fund or the separate account in the Treasury as the case may be, and in the case of inadequate funds programmed in the current fiscal year make the deduction from succeeding fiscal years, with exception that no such transfer be made when the President certifies to Congress that it is in the national interest not to do so, for provisions that the Secretary of State take appropriate action to collect claims against such foreign country and withhold amounts equal to the unpaid claims from the foreign assistance programmed for that fiscal year when such country fails or refuses to pay within 120 days of receipt of notice of claim.

1968—Pub. L. 90–482 inserted provisions authorizing the Secretary to act when payments are made pursuant to section 1977 of this title, and provisions authorizing the Secretary to withhold the amount of any unpaid claim against the foreign country from the foreign assistance funds programed for that country, such amounts withheld not to constitute satisfaction of any unpaid claim.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1972 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 92–569 applicable with respect to seizures of vessels of the United States occurring on or after Oct. 26, 1972, see section 6 of Pub. L. 92–569, set out as a note under section 1972 of this title.

Executive Documents

Ex. Ord. No. 11772. Delegation of Certain Authority of President to Secretary of State

Ex. Ord. No. 11772, Mar. 21, 1974, 39 F.R. 10879, provided:

By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Fishermen's Protective Act of 1967, as amended (22 U.S.C. 1971, et seq.), and Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, and as President of the United States of America, the Secretary of State is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without ratification, or other action of the President, the function conferred upon the President by Section 5(b) of the Fishermen's Protective Act of 1967, as amended [22 U.S.C. 1975(b)], of certifying to the Congress that it is in the national interest not to transfer to the Fishermen's Protective Fund or to the separate account established under the Act, pursuant to that Section, amounts appropriated by the Congress and programmed for assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.].

Richard Nixon.
22 U.S.C. § 3426 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 49: SUPPORT OF PEACE TREATY BETWEEN EGYPT AND ISRAEL / Subchapter II: MULTINATIONAL FORCE AND OBSERVERS PARTICIPATION / Section 3426: Statements of Congressional intent
Statements of Congressional intent
Status: in_force

(a) Disclaimer of Congressional approval of other agreements, understandings, or commitments

Nothing in this subchapter is intended to signify approval by the Congress of any agreement, understanding, or commitment made by the executive branch other than the agreement to participate in the Multinational Force and Observers as set forth in the exchanges of letters between the United States and Egypt and between the United States and Israel which were signed on August 3, 1981.

(b) Limitations on United States participation

The limitations contained in this subchapter with respect to United States participation in the Multinational Force and Observers apply to the exercise of the authorities provided by this subchapter or provided by any other provision of law. No funds appropriated by the Congress may be obligated or expended for any activity which is contrary to the limitations contained in this subchapter.

(c) War Powers Resolution

Nothing in this subchapter shall affect the responsibilities of the President or the Congress under the War Powers Resolution (Public Law 93–148) [50 U.S.C. 1541 et seq.].

(Pub. L. 97–132, §7, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1696.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The War Powers Resolution, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 93–148, Nov. 7, 1973, 87 Stat. 555, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1541 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1541 of Title 50 and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2431b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: DEBT REDUCTION FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH TROPICAL FORESTS / Section 2431b: Establishment of Facility
Establishment of Facility
Status: in_force

There is established in the Department of the Treasury an entity to be known as the "Conservation Facility" for the purpose of providing for the administration of debt reduction in accordance with this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. V, §804, as added Pub. L. 105–214, §1, July 29, 1998, 112 Stat. 887; amended Pub. L. 115–440, §4(a), Jan. 14, 2019, 132 Stat. 5581.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 804 of Pub. L. 87–195, pt. V, was classified to section 2434 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–329.

Amendments

2019—Pub. L. 115–440 substituted "Conservation Facility" for "Tropical Forest Facility".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Pub. L. 115–440, §4(c), Jan. 14, 2019, 132 Stat. 5582, provided that: "Any reference in any other provision of law, regulation, document, paper, or other record of the United States to the 'Tropical Forest Facility' shall be deemed to be a reference to the 'Conservation Facility'."
22 U.S.C. § 5073 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 60: ANTI-APARTHEID PROGRAM / Subchapter III: MEASURES BY UNITED STATES TO UNDERMINE APARTHEID / Section 5073: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-149, §4(a)(1), Nov. 23, 1993, 107 Stat. 1504
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-149, §4(a)(1), Nov. 23, 1993, 107 Stat. 1504
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 99–440, title III, §323(a), Oct. 2, 1986, 100 Stat. 1105, prohibited importation of South African sugar products.
22 U.S.C. § 1645j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter VII: CLAIMS AGAINST VIETNAM / Section 1645j: Settlement period
Settlement period
Status: in_force

The Commission shall complete its affairs in connection with the settlement of claims pursuant to this subchapter not later than three years after the final date for the filing of claims as provided in section 1645b of this title.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VII, §711, as added Pub. L. 96–606, Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3537.)
22 U.S.C. § 3105 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 46: INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT AND TRADE IN SERVICES SURVEY / Section 3105: Enforcement
Enforcement
Status: in_force

(a) Civil penalty for failure to furnish information

Whoever fails to furnish any information required under this chapter, whether required to be furnished in the form of a report or otherwise, or to comply with any rule, regulation, order, or instruction promulgated under this chapter, shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $2,500, and not more than $25,000, in a proceeding brought under subsection (b) of this section.

(b) Civil action for failure to furnish information

Whenever it appears that any person has failed to furnish any information required under this chapter, whether required to be furnished in the form of a report or otherwise, or has failed to comply with any rule, regulation, order, or instruction promulgated under this chapter, a civil action may be brought in an appropriate district court of the United States, or the appropriate United States court of any territory or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, and such court may enter a restraining order or a permanent or temporary injunction commanding such person to furnish such information or to comply with such rule, regulation, order, or instruction, as the case may be, or impose the civil penalty provided in subsection (a) of this section, or both.

(c) Criminal penalty for failure to submit information

Whoever willfully fails to submit any information required under this chapter, whether required to be furnished in the form of a report or otherwise, or willfully violates any rule, regulation, order, or instruction promulgated under this chapter, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than $10,000 and, if an individual, may be imprisoned for not more than one year, or both, and any officer, director, employee, or agent of any corporation who knowingly participates in such violation, upon conviction, may be punished by a like fine, imprisonment, or both.

(Pub. L. 94–472, §6, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2063; Pub. L. 101–533, §7(b), Nov. 7, 1990, 104 Stat. 2349.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–533 substituted "shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $2,500, and not more than $25,000," for "may be subject to a civil penalty not exceeding $10,000".
22 U.S.C. § 288e (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVIII: PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS / Section 288e: Personnel entitled to benefits
Personnel entitled to benefits
Status: in_force

(a) Notification to and acceptance by Secretary of State of personnel

No person shall be entitled to the benefits of this subchapter, unless he (1) shall have been duly notified to and accepted by the Secretary of State as a representative, officer, or employee; or (2) shall have been designated by the Secretary of State, prior to formal notification and acceptance, as a prospective representative, officer, or employee; or (3) is a member of the family or suite, or servant, of one of the foregoing accepted or designated representatives, officers, or employees.

(b) Deportation of undesirables

Should the Secretary of State determine that the continued presence in the United States of any person entitled to the benefits of this subchapter is not desirable, he shall so inform the foreign government or international organization concerned, as the case may be, and after such person shall have had a reasonable length of time, to be determined by the Secretary of State, to depart from the United States, he shall cease to be entitled to such benefits.

(c) Extent of diplomatic status

No person shall, by reason of the provisions of this subchapter, be considered as receiving diplomatic status or as receiving any of the privileges incident thereto other than such as are specifically set forth herein.

(Dec. 29, 1945, ch. 652, title I, §8, 59 Stat. 672.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title I of act Dec. 29, 1945, ch. 652, 59 Stat. 669, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 288 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 861 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IV: PERSONNEL CATEGORIES AND SALARIES / Section 861: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IV, §401, 60 Stat. 1002, related to categories of officers and employees.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2291l (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2291l: Prioritization of efforts of the Department of State to combat international trafficking in covered synthetic drugs
Prioritization of efforts of the Department of State to combat international trafficking in covered synthetic drugs
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of State shall prioritize efforts of the Department of State to combat international trafficking of covered synthetic drugs by carrying out programs and activities to include the following:

(1) Supporting increased data collection by the United States and foreign countries through increased drug use surveys among populations, increased use of wastewater testing where appropriate, and multilateral sharing of that data.

(2) Engaging in increased consultation and partnership with international drug agencies, including the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, regulatory agencies in foreign countries, and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

(3) Carrying out programs to provide technical assistance and equipment, as appropriate, to strengthen the capacity of foreign law enforcement agencies with respect to covered synthetic drugs, as required by section 2291m of this title.

(4) Carrying out exchange programs for governmental and nongovernmental personnel in the United States and in foreign countries to provide educational and professional development on demand reduction matters relating to the illicit use of covered synthetic drugs and other drugs, as required by section 2291n of this title.

(b) Report

(1) In general

Not later than one year after December 23, 2022, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the implementation of this section.

(2) Appropriate congressional committees defined

In this subsection, the term "appropriate congressional committees" means—

(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; and

(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5552, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3341.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Fighting Emerging Narcotics Through Additional Nations to Yield Lasting Results Act, also known as the FENTANYL Results Act, and also as part of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Rule of Construction

Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5557, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3344, provided that: "Nothing in this subtitle [subtitle C (§§5551–5558) of title LV of div. E of Pub. L. 117–263, see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 2151 of this title] or the amendments made by this subtitle shall be construed to affect the prioritization of extradition requests."

Definitions

Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5558, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3344, provided that: "In this subtitle [subtitle C (§§5551–5558) of title LV of div. E of Pub. L. 117–263, see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 2151 of this title]:

"(1) Controlled substance; controlled substance analogue.—The terms 'controlled substance' and 'controlled substance analogue' have the meanings given those terms in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802).

"(2) Covered synthetic drug.—The term 'covered synthetic drug' means—

"(A) a synthetic controlled substance or synthetic controlled substance analogue, including fentanyl or a fentanyl analogue; or

"(B) a new psychoactive substance.

"(3) New psychoactive substance.—The term 'new psychoactive substance' means a substance of abuse, or any preparation thereof, that—

"(A) is not—

"(i) included in any schedule as a controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.); or

"(ii) controlled by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, done at New York March 30, 1961, or the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, done at Vienna February 21, 1971;

"(B) is new or has reemerged on the illicit market; and

"(C) poses a threat to the public health and safety."
22 U.S.C. § 9525 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 102: COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN EUROPE AND EURASIA / Subchapter I: SANCTIONS AND OTHER MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION / Section 9525: Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons engaging in transactions with the intelligence or defense sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation
Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons engaging in transactions with the intelligence or defense sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation
Status: in_force

(a) In general

On and after the date that is 180 days after August 2, 2017, the President shall impose five or more of the sanctions described in section 9529 of this title with respect to a person the President determines knowingly, on or after August 2, 2017, engages in a significant transaction with a person that is part of, or operates for or on behalf of, the defense or intelligence sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation, including the Main Intelligence Agency of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation or the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

(b) Application of new sanctions

The President may waive the initial application of sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—

(1) a written determination that the waiver—

(A) is in the vital national security interests of the United States; or

(B) will further the enforcement of this chapter; and

(2) a certification that the Government of the Russian Federation has made significant efforts to reduce the number and intensity of cyber intrusions conducted by that Government.

(c) Delay of imposition of sanctions

The President may delay the imposition of sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person if the President certifies to the appropriate congressional committees, not less frequently than every 180 days while the delay is in effect, that the person is substantially reducing the number of significant transactions described in subsection (a) in which that person engages.

(d) Modified waiver authority for certain sanctionable transactions under this section

(1) In general

The President may use the authority under section 9530(b) of this title to waive the application of sanctions with respect to a person under this section without regard to section 9511 of this title if, not later than 30 days prior to the waiver taking effect, the President certifies in writing to the appropriate congressional committees and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives that—

(A) the waiver is in the national security interests of the United States;

(B) the significant transaction described in subsection (a) that the person engaged in with respect to which the waiver is being exercised—

(i) is not a significant transaction with—

(I) the Main Intelligence Agency of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;

(II) the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation;

(III) the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation;

(IV) Autonomous Noncommercial Professional Organization/Professional Association of Designers of Data Processing (ANO PO KSI);

(V) the Special Technology Center;

(VI) Zorsecurity; or

(VII) any person that the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, determines—

(aa) to be part of, or operating for or on behalf of, the defense or intelligence sector of the Government of the Russian Federation; and

(bb) has directly participated in or facilitated cyber intrusions by the Government of the Russian Federation; and

(ii) would not—

(I) endanger the integrity of any multilateral alliance of which the United States is a part;

(II) adversely affect ongoing operations of the Armed Forces of the United States, including coalition operations in which the Armed Forces of the United States participate;

(III) result in a significant negative impact to defense cooperation between the United States and the country whose government has primary jurisdiction over the person; and

(IV) significantly increase the risk of compromising United States defense systems and operational capabilities; and

(C) the government with primary jurisdiction over the person—

(i) is taking or will take steps to reduce its inventory of major defense equipment and advanced conventional weapons produced by the defense sector of the Russian Federation as a share of its total inventory of major defense equipment and advanced conventional weapons over a specified period; or

(ii) is cooperating with the United States Government on other security matters that are critical to United States strategic interests.

(2) Form

The certification described in paragraph (1) shall be transmitted in an unclassified form, and may contain a classified annex.

(3) Report

(A) In general

Not later than 120 days after the date on which the President submits a certification described in paragraph (1) with respect to the waiver of the application of sanctions with respect to a person under this section, and annually thereafter for two years, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense shall jointly submit to the appropriate congressional committees and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives a report on the waiver.

(B) Matters to be included

The report required by subparagraph (A) shall include—

(i) the extent to which such waiver has or has not resulted in the compromise of United States systems and operational capabilities, including through the diversion of United States sensitive technology to a person that is part of, or operates for or on behalf of, the defense or intelligence sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation; and

(ii) the extent to which the government with primary jurisdiction over the person is taking specific actions to further the enforcement of this title.

(e) Requirement to issue guidance

Not later than 60 days after August 2, 2017, the President shall issue regulations or other guidance to specify the persons that are part of, or operate for or on behalf of, the defense and intelligence sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation.

(f) Penalties

A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of subsection (a) or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out subsection (a) shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1705 of title 50 to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.

(Pub. L. 115–44, title II, §231, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 916; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XII, §1294(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2085.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B), was in the original "this title", meaning title II of Pub. L. 115–44, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 898, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see section 201 of Pub. L. 115–44, set out as a Short Title note under section 9501 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2018—Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 115–232 added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsecs. (d) and (e) as (e) and (f), respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Construction

Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XII, §1294(b), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2087, provided that: "Nothing in subsection (d) of section 231 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Public Law 115–44; 22 U.S.C. 9525), as added by subsection (a) of this section, shall be construed to modify, waive, or terminate any existing sanctions with respect to the Russian Federation, including any Russian person or entity, that are in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 2018]."

Determination and Imposition of Sanctions With Respect to Turkey's Acquisition of the S–400 Air Defense System

Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, §1241, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3944, provided that:

"(a) Sense of Congress.—It is the sense of Congress that it is in the national security interest of the United States—

"(1) to deter aggression against North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies by the Russian Federation or any other adversary;

"(2) to continue to work with NATO allies to ensure they meet their alliance defense commitments, including through adequate and efficient investments in national defense;

"(3) to work to maintain and strengthen the democratic institutions and practices of all NATO allies, in accordance with the goals of Article 2 of the North Atlantic Treaty;

"(4) to ensure that Turkey remains a critical NATO ally and important military partner for the United States, contributing to key NATO and United States missions and providing support for United States military operations and logistics needs;

"(5) to assist NATO allies in acquiring and deploying modern, NATO-interoperable military equipment and reducing their dependence on Russian or former Soviet-era defense articles;

"(6) to promote opportunities to strengthen the capacity of NATO member states to counter Russian malign influence; and

"(7) to enforce fully the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9401 et seq.), including by imposing sanctions with respect to any person that the President determines knowingly engages in a significant transaction with a person that is part of, or operates for or on behalf of, the defense or intelligence sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation, as described in section 231 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 9525).

"(b) Determination.—The acquisition by the Government of Turkey of the S–400 air defense system from the Russian Federation beginning on July 12, 2019, constitutes a significant transaction as described in section 231 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9525).

"(c) Imposition of Sanctions.—Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 1, 2021], the President shall impose five or more of the sanctions described in section 235 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9529) with respect to each person that knowingly engaged in the acquisition of the S-400 air defense system referred to in subsection (b).

"(d) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.—

"(1) In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this section shall not include the authority or a requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.

"(2) Good defined.—In this subsection, the term 'good' means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.

"(e) Termination.—On and after the date that is one year after the date on which the President imposes sanctions under subsection (c) with respect to a person, the President may terminate the application of such sanctions with respect to that person if the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a certification that—

"(1) the Government of Turkey and any person acting on its behalf no longer possesses the S–400 air defense system or a successor system;

"(2) no S-400 air defense system or successor system is operated or maintained inside Turkey by nationals of the Russian Federation or persons acting on behalf of the Government of the Russian Federation or the defense sector of the Russian Federation; and

"(3) the President has received reliable assurances from the Government of Turkey that the Government of Turkey will not knowingly engage, or allow any foreign person to engage on its behalf, in pursuing any activity subject to sanctions under section 231 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9525) to reacquire the S-400 air defense system or a successor system.

"(f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.—In this section, the term 'appropriate congressional committees' means—

"(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; and

"(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives."

Exception Relating to Importation of Goods

Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XII, §1294(d), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2088, provided that: "No provision affecting sanctions under this section [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] or an amendment made by this section shall apply to any portion of a sanction that affects the importation of goods."

Executive Documents

Delegation of Authorities Under Section 1294 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019

Memorandum of President of the United States, Oct. 26, 2018, 83 F.R. 57671, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State[,] the Secretary of the Treasury[,] the Secretary of Defense[, and] the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 1294 of the [John S. McCain] National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232) [probably means 22 U.S.C. 9525(d), as added by section 1294(a) of Pub. L. 115–232].

The delegation in this memorandum shall apply to any provision of any future public law that is the same or substantially the same as the provision referenced in this memorandum.

The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

Donald J. Trump.
22 U.S.C. § 277j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter IV: INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION / Section 277j: Management of international transboundary water pollution
Management of international transboundary water pollution
Status: in_force

In fiscal year 2023 and in each fiscal year thereafter—

(a) The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (the "Administrator") may transfer amounts made available under the heading "Environmental Protection Agency—State and Tribal Assistance Grants" in the USMCA Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2019 (title IX of Public Law 116–113) to the International Boundary and Water Commission, United States and Mexico (the "Commission"), by entering into an interagency agreement or by awarding a grant, to support the construction of treatment works (as that term is defined in section 1292(2) of title 33), that will be owned or operated by the Commission: Provided, That the Commission shall, in consultation with the Administrator and subject to the requirements of sections 1372 and 1388 of title 33, use amounts transferred pursuant to this section for general, administrative, or other costs (including construction management) related to the planning, study, design, and construction, of treatment works that, as determined by the Commissioner of the Commission, will—

(1) protect residents in the United States-Mexico border region from water pollution resulting from—

(A) transboundary flows of wastewater, stormwater, or other international transboundary water flows originating in Mexico; and

(B) any inadequacies or breakdowns of treatment works in Mexico; and

(2) provide treatment of the flows and water pollution described in subparagraph (A) in compliance with local, State, and Federal law: Provided, That the Commission may also use amounts transferred pursuant to this section to operate and maintain any new treatment work constructed, which shall be in addition to any amounts otherwise available to the Commission for such purposes.

(b) The Commission is authorized to enter into an agreement with the appropriate official or officials of the United States and Mexican States for the operation and maintenance by the Commission of any new treatment works, pursuant to subsection (a): Provided, That such agreement shall contain a provision relating to the division between the two Governments of the costs of such operation and maintenance, or of the works involved there as may be recommended by said Commission and approved by the Government of Mexico.

(c) Nothing in this section modifies, amends, repeals, or otherwise limits the authority of the Commission under—

(1) the treaty relating to the utilization of the waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers, and of the Rio Grande (Rio Bravo) from Fort Quitman, Texas, to the Gulf of Mexico, and supplementary protocol, signed at Washington February 3, 1944 (59 Stat. 1219), between the United States and Mexico; or

(2) any other applicable treaty.

(d) Funds transferred pursuant to subsection (a) shall be subject to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.

(e) Amounts repurposed pursuant to this section that were previously designated by the Congress as an emergency requirement pursuant to the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 or a concurrent resolution on the budget are designated as an emergency requirement pursuant to section 4001(a)(1) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022, and section 1(e) of H. Res. 1151 (117th Congress), as engrossed in the House of Representatives on June 8, 2022.

(Pub. L. 117–328, div. K, title VII, §7069, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5089.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The USMCA Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2019, referred to in subsec. (a), is title IX of Pub. L. 116–113, Jan. 29, 2020, 134 Stat. 98, which is not classified to the Code. The heading "Environmental Protection Agency—State and Tribal Assistance Grants" appears at 134 Stat. 100.

The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (e), is title II of Pub. L. 99–177, Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1038, which enacted chapter 20 (§900 et seq.) and sections 654 to 656 of Title 2, The Congress, amended sections 602, 622, 631 to 642, and 651 to 653 of Title 2, sections 1104 to 1106, and 1109 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and section 911 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealed section 661 of Title 2, enacted provisions set out as notes under section 900 of Title 2 and section 911 of Title 42, and amended provisions set out as a note under section 621 of Title 2. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 900 of Title 2 and Tables.

Section 4001(a)(1) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress) and section 1(e) of H. Res. 1151 (117th Congress), referred to in subsec. (e), relate to emergency requirements for new budget authority in the Senate and House of Representatives and are not classified to the Code.
22 U.S.C. § 1642n (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter IV: CLAIMS AGAINST CZECHOSLOVAKIA / Section 1642n: Transfer of records
Transfer of records
Status: in_force

The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to transfer or otherwise make available to the Commission such records and documents relating to claims authorized by this subchapter as may be required by the Commission in carrying out its functions under this subchapter.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title IV, §415, as added Pub. L. 85–604, §1, Aug. 8, 1958, 72 Stat. 530.)
22 U.S.C. § 914 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter V: APPOINTMENTS AND ASSIGNMENTS / Section 914: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section 914, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title V, §519, 60 Stat. 1008; Aug. 17, 1977, Pub. L. 95–105, title IV, §406, 91 Stat. 854, related to reassignment to Foreign Service of former ambassadors or ministers.

Section 915, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title V, §520, 60 Stat. 1009; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §10, 74 Stat. 832; Sept. 6, 1966, Pub. L. 89–554, §8(a), 80 Stat. 661; July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §517, 90 Stat. 845, related to reappointment or recall of Foreign Service officers or employees.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 4835 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 58: DIPLOMATIC SECURITY / Subchapter III: PERFORMANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY / Section 4835: Relation to other proceedings
Relation to other proceedings
Status: in_force

(a) No effect on existing remedies or defenses

Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to create administrative or judicial review remedies or rights of action not otherwise available by law, nor shall any provision of this subchapter be construed to deprive any person of any right or legal defense which would otherwise be available to that person under any law, rule, or regulation.

(b) Future inquiries

Nothing in this subchapter may be construed to preclude the Secretary of State from convening a follow-up public board of inquiry to investigate any security incident if the incident was of such magnitude or significance that an internal process is deemed insufficient to understand and investigate the incident. All materials gathered during the procedures provided under this subchapter shall be provided to any related board of inquiry convened by the Secretary.

(Pub. L. 99–399, title III, §305, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 862; Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCIII, §9302(h), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3888.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–263 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).
22 U.S.C. § 10505 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 112: COMBATING GLOBAL CORRUPTION / Section 10505: Designation of embassy anti-corruption points of contact
Designation of embassy anti-corruption points of contact
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of State shall annually designate an anti-corruption point of contact at the United States diplomatic post to each country identified pursuant to section 10502(b) of this title, or which the Secretary otherwise determines is in need of such a point of contact. The point of contact shall be the chief of mission or the chief of mission's designee.

(b) Responsibilities

Each anti-corruption point of contact designated under subsection (a) shall be responsible for enhancing coordination and promoting the implementation of a whole-of-government approach among the relevant Federal departments and agencies undertaking efforts to—

(1) promote good governance in foreign countries; and

(2) enhance the ability of such countries—

(A) to combat public corruption; and

(B) to develop and implement corruption risk assessment tools and mitigation strategies.

(c) Training

The Secretary of State shall implement appropriate training for anti-corruption points of contact designated under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 118–31, div. E, title LIV, §5406, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 947.)
22 U.S.C. § 1557m (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 19: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE PROGRAM / Subchapter VI: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 1557m: Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(6), 68 Stat. 861
Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(6), 68 Stat. 861
Status: repealed

Section 1557m, act June 5, 1950, ch. 220, title IV, §415, 64 Stat. 208, required the President to submit an annual report to Congress. See section 2394 of this title.

Section 1557n, act June 5, 1950, ch. 220, title IV, §416, 64 Stat. 208, related to authorization for appropriations; original appropriation; and express or implied commitments. See section 2404 of this title.

Section 1557o, act June 5, 1950, ch. 220, title IV, §418, 64 Stat. 209, defined the terms "technical cooperation programs," "United States Government agency" and "international organization." See section 2403 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 6206 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 71: UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING / Section 6206: Grantee corporate boards of directors
Grantee corporate boards of directors
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The corporate board of directors of each grantee under this chapter—

(1) shall be bipartisan;

(2) shall, except as otherwise provided in this Act, have the sole responsibility to operate their respective grantees within the jurisdiction of their respective States of incorporation;

(3) shall be composed of not fewer than 5 members, who shall be qualified individuals who are not employed in the public sector; and

(4) shall appoint successors in the event of vacancies on their respective boards, in accordance with applicable bylaws.

(b) Not Federal employees

No employee of any grantee under this chapter may be a Federal employee.

(Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §307, as added Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCVII, §9704, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3914.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 103–236, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 432, known as the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6201 of this title and Tables.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is Pub. L. 103–236, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 382, known as the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note set out under section 2651 of this title and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 6206, Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §307, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 436; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, §1323(k), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–780, related to the International Broadcasting Bureau, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, §1288(4), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2552.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Personal Services Contracting Pilot Program

Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title V, §504, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1393, as amended by Pub. L. 109–140, §6, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2652; Pub. L. 109–472, §9, Jan. 11, 2007, 120 Stat. 3556; Pub. L. 110–161, div. J, title VI, §634(r), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2330; Pub. L. 110–321, §5, Sept. 19, 2008, 122 Stat. 3536, authorized the Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau to establish a pilot program for the purpose of hiring United States citizens or aliens as personal services contractors for service in the United States as broadcasters and other broadcasting specialists in the International Broadcasting Bureau, and provided that such authority would terminate on Dec. 31, 2009. Subsequent laws incrementally extended the authority until Sept. 30, 2016.
22 U.S.C. § 3001 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 45: COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE / Section 3001: Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe; establishment
Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe; establishment
Status: in_force

There is established the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Commission").

(Pub. L. 94–304, §1, June 3, 1976, 90 Stat. 661.)
22 U.S.C. § 1456 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 18: UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS / Subchapter IV: PARTICIPATION BY GOVERNMENT AGENCIES / Section 1456: Utilization of facilities and personnel of other Government agencies; reimbursement to agencies; report to Congress
Utilization of facilities and personnel of other Government agencies; reimbursement to agencies; report to Congress
Status: in_force

The Secretary is authorized, in carrying on any activity under the authority of this chapter, to utilize, with the approval of the President, the services, facilities, and personnel of the other Government agencies. Whenever the Secretary shall use the services, facilities, or personnel of any Government agency for activities under authority of this chapter, the Secretary shall pay for such performance out of funds available to the Secretary under this chapter, either in advance, by reimbursement, or direct transfer. The Secretary shall include in each report submitted to the Congress under section 1439 1 of this title a statement of the services, facilities, and personnel of other Government agencies utilized in carrying on activities under the authority of this chapter, showing the names and salaries of the personnel utilized, or performing services utilized, during the period covered by such report, and the amounts paid to such other agencies under this section as payment for such performance.

(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title IV, §401, 62 Stat. 8.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1439 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–470, title I, §117, Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2240.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 286j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XV: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND AND BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT / Section 286j: Use of Fund resources
Use of Fund resources
Status: in_force

(a) Official interpretation of authority of Fund

The governor and executive director of the Fund appointed by the United States are directed to obtain promptly an official interpretation by the Fund as to whether its authority to use its resources extends beyond current monetary stabilization operations to afford temporary assistance to members in connection with seasonal, cyclical, and emergency fluctuations in the balance of payment of any member for current transactions, and whether it has authority to use its resources to provide facilities for relief, reconstruction, or armaments, or to meet a large or sustained outflow of capital on the part of any member.

(b) Proposal of amendment

If the interpretation by the Fund answers in the affirmative any of the questions stated in subsection (a), the governor of the Fund representing the United States is directed to propose promptly and support an amendment to the Articles of Agreement for the purpose of expressly negativing such interpretation. The President is authorized and directed to accept an amendment to that effect on behalf of the United States.

(July 31, 1945, ch. 339, §13, 59 Stat. 517.)
22 U.S.C. § 8793 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 94: IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS / Subchapter VII: SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SYRIA / Section 8793: Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who engage in censorship or other forms of repression in Syria
Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who engage in censorship or other forms of repression in Syria
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The President shall impose sanctions described in section 8791(c) of this title with respect to each person on the list required by subsection (b).

(b) List of persons who engage in censorship

(1) In general

Not later than 120 days after August 10, 2012, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of persons that the President determines have engaged in censorship, or activities relating to censorship, in a manner that prohibits, limits, or penalizes the legitimate exercise of freedom of expression by citizens of Syria.

(2) Updates of list

The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)—

(A) not later than 300 days after August 10, 2012, and every 180 days thereafter; and

(B) as new information becomes available.

(3) Form of report; public availability

(A) Form

The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex.

(B) Public availability

The unclassified portion of the list required by paragraph (1) shall be made available to the public and posted on the websites of the Department of the Treasury and the Department of State.

(Pub. L. 112–158, title VII, §704, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1268.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 8795 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 3971 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IV: COMPENSATION / Section 3971: Temporary service as principal officer
Temporary service as principal officer
Status: in_force

For such time (in excess of such minimum period as the Secretary of State may establish) as any member of the Service is temporarily in charge of a Foreign Service post during the absence or incapacity of the principal officer, that member shall receive, in addition to the basic salary paid to the member and notwithstanding sections 5535 and 5536 of title 5, an amount equal to that portion (which the Secretary of State may determine to be appropriate) of the difference between such salary and the basic salary provided for the principal officer, or, if there is no principal officer, for the former principal officer.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §411, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2091.)
22 U.S.C. § 8925 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 96A: UKRAINE FREEDOM SUPPORT / Section 8925: Increased military assistance for the Government of Ukraine
Increased military assistance for the Government of Ukraine
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The President is authorized to provide defense articles, defense services, and training to the Government of Ukraine for the purpose of countering offensive weapons and reestablishing the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including anti-tank and anti-armor weapons, crew weapons and ammunition, counter-artillery radars to identify and target artillery batteries, fire control, range finder, and optical and guidance and control equipment, tactical troop-operated surveillance drones, and secure command and communications equipment, pursuant to the provisions of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), and other relevant provisions of law.

(b) Report required

Not later than 60 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall submit a report detailing the anticipated defense articles, defense services, and training to be provided pursuant to this section and a timeline for the provision of such defense articles, defense services, and training, to—

(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; and

(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

(1) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2015, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2016, and $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2017 to carry out activities under this section.

(2) Availability of amounts

Amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) shall remain available for obligation and expenditure through the end of fiscal year 2018.

(d) Authority for the use of funds

The funds made available pursuant to subsection (c) for provision of defense articles, defense services, and training may be used to procure such articles, services, and training from the United States Government or other appropriate sources.

(e) Protection of civilians

It is the sense of Congress that the Government of Ukraine should take all appropriate steps to protect civilians.

(Pub. L. 113–272, §6, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2959.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec.(a), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Authority Under the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014

Memorandum of President of the United States, Feb. 19, 2015, 80 F.R. 12071, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby order as follows:

I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the authority to prepare and submit to the Congress the reports and strategies required by subsections 6(b), 7(d), 9(c), and 10(c) of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (Public Law 113–272) (the "Act").

Any reference in this memorandum to the Act shall be deemed to be a reference to any future Act that is the same or substantially the same as such provision.

Barack Obama.
22 U.S.C. § 3984 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter V: CLASSIFICATION OF POSITIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS / Section 3984: Service in United States and abroad
Service in United States and abroad
Status: in_force

(a) Obligation to serve abroad; length of stay in United States

Career members of the Service shall be obligated to serve abroad and shall be expected to serve abroad for substantial portions of their careers. The Secretary shall establish by regulation limitations upon assignments of members of the Service within the United States. A member of the Service may not be assigned to duty within the United States for any period of continuous service exceeding eight years unless the Secretary approves an extension of such period for that member because of special circumstances.

(b) Intermittent duty within United States

Consistent with the needs of the Service, the Secretary shall seek to assign each career member of the Service who is a citizen of the United States (other than those employed in accordance with section 3951 of this title) to duty within the United States at least once during each period of fifteen years that the member is in the Service.

(c) Sabbaticals

The Secretary may grant a sabbatical to a career member of the Senior Foreign Service for not to exceed eleven months in order to permit the member to engage in study or uncompensated work experience which will contribute to the development and effectiveness of the member. A sabbatical may be granted under this subsection under conditions specified by the Secretary in light of the provisions of section 3396(c) of title 5, which apply to sabbaticals granted to members of the Senior Executive Service.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §504, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2094; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §180(a)(5), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 416.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–236 inserted "(other than those employed in accordance with section 3951 of this title)" after "citizen of the United States".
22 U.S.C. § 6842 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 76: ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES WITH LARGE POPULATIONS HAVING HIV/AIDS / Subchapter II: WORLD BANK AIDS TRUST FUND / Section 6842: Certification requirement
Certification requirement
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Prior to the initial obligation or expenditure of funds appropriated pursuant to section 6841 of this title, the Secretary of the Treasury shall certify that adequate procedures and standards have been established to ensure accountability for and monitoring of the use of funds contributed to the Trust Fund, including the cost of administering the Trust Fund.

(b) Transmittal of certification

The certification required by subsection (a), and the bases for that certification, shall be submitted by the Secretary of the Treasury to Congress.

(Pub. L. 106–264, title I, §142, Aug. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 758.)
22 U.S.C. § 1870 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE / Section 1870: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), (4), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), (4), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Status: repealed

Section 1870, act July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §14, 70 Stat. 566, stated Congressional declaration of policy to promote economic development of underdeveloped countries. See section 2151 of this title.

Section 1871, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §201, as added Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §6, 71 Stat. 357; amended May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, §202(a), 74 Stat. 135, stated Congressional declaration of purpose for development loan program. See section 2151 of this title.

Section 1872, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §202, as added Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §6, 71 Stat. 357; amended June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85 477, ch. II, §203(a), ch. V, §501(10), 72 Stat. 262, 271; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §203(a), 73 Stat. 248; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, §202(b), 74 Stat. 135, created Development Loan Fund, authorized Fund to make loans, credits or guaranties, provided for repayment, administration, and reports, and restricted allocation, reservation, earmarking, commitment, or set-aside of funds.

Section 1873, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §203, as added Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §6, 71 Stat. 358; amended July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §203(b), 73 Stat. 248, authorized appropriations for capitalization of Fund.

Section 1874, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §204, as added Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §6, 71 Stat. 358; amended June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 86–477, ch. II, §203(b), 72 Stat. 263; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §203(c), 73 Stat. 249, related to fiscal provisions for Fund.

Section 1875, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §205, as added Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §6, 71 Stat. 358; amended June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, §203(c), 72 Stat. 263; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §203(d), 73 Stat. 249; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, §202(c), ch. V, §501(a), 74 Stat. 135, 140, related to management of Fund, and powers and authority of Board of Directors.

Section 1876, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §205, as added Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §6, 71 Stat. 359, provided for applicability of functions of National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems.
22 U.S.C. § 2719b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2719b: Training and professional development prioritization
Training and professional development prioritization
Status: in_force

In order to provide the Civil Service and the Foreign Service with the level of professional development and training needed to effectively advance United States interests across the world, the Secretary of State shall—

(1) increase relevant offerings provided by the Department of State—

(A) of interactive virtual instruction to make training and professional development more accessible and useful to personnel deployed throughout the world; or

(B) at partner organizations, including universities, industry entities, and nongovernmental organizations, throughout the United States to provide useful outside perspectives to Department of State personnel by providing such personnel—

(i) a more comprehensive outlook on different sectors of United States society;

(ii) practical experience dealing with commercial corporations, universities, labor unions, and other institutions critical to United States diplomatic success; and

(iii) courses specifically focused on commercial diplomacy that increase the understanding of private sector needs that arise as United States companies enter and compete in the international market;

(2) provide the opportunity to participate in courses using computer-based or computer-assisted simulations, allowing civilian officers to lead decision making in a crisis environment, and encourage officers of the Department of State, and reciprocally, officers of other Federal departments to participate in similar exercises held by the Department of State or other government organizations and the private sector;

(3) increase the duration and expand the focus of certain training and professional development courses, including by extending—

(A) the A–100 entry-level course to as long as 12 weeks, which better matches the length of entry-level training and professional development provided to the officers in other national security departments and agencies; and

(B) the Chief of Mission course to as long as 6 weeks for first time Chiefs of Mission and creating comparable courses for new Assistant Secretaries and Deputy Assistant Secretaries to more accurately reflect the significant responsibilities accompanying such roles; and

(4) ensure that Foreign Service officers who are assigned to a country experiencing significant population displacement due to the impacts of climatic and non-climatic shocks and stresses, including rising sea levels and lack of access to affordable and reliable energy and electricity, receive specific instruction on United States policy with respect to resiliency and adaptation to such climatic and non-climatic shocks and stresses.

(Pub. L. 117–81, div. E, title LI, §5108(c), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2349; Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCII, §9205(c), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3865.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–263 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to prioritization of foreign affairs training by the Department of State.
22 U.S.C. § 57 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 1: DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR SERVICE GENERALLY / Section 57: Repealed. Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, §6, 46 Stat. 1207, eff. July 1, 1931
Repealed. Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, §6, 46 Stat. 1207, eff. July 1, 1931
Status: repealed

Section, act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, §5, 34 Stat. 101, related to citizenship requirements of consular clerks.
22 U.S.C. § 4063 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY / Section 4063: Annuity adjustment for recall service
Annuity adjustment for recall service
Status: in_force

(a) Full salary in lieu of annuity; contributions to Fund; resumption of annuity with cost-of-living adjustment

Any annuitant recalled to duty in the Service under section 3948(a) of this title shall, while so serving, be entitled in lieu of annuity to the full salary of the class in which serving. During such service the recalled annuitant shall make contributions to the Fund in accordance with section 4045 of this title. On the day following termination of the recall service, the former annuity shall be resumed, adjusted by any cost-of-living increases under section 4065 of this title that became effective during the recall period.

(b) Refund of contributions to Fund; election for supplemental annuity or determination of annuity anew; prior service counted as recall service

If the recall service lasts less than one year, the contributions of the annuitant to the Fund during recall service shall be refunded in accordance with section 4055 of this title. If the recall service lasts more than one year, the annuitant may, in lieu of such refund, elect a supplemental annuity computed under section 4046 of this title on the basis of service credit and average salary earned during the recall period irrespective of the number of years of service credit previously earned. If the recall service continues for at least 5 years, the annuitant may elect to have his or her annuity determined anew under section 4046 of this title in lieu of any other benefits under this section. Any annuitant who is recalled under section 3948 of this title may upon written application count as recall service any prior service that is creditable under section 4056 of this title that was performed after the separation upon which his or her annuity is based.

(c) Annuitant subject to Foreign Service Pension System

If an annuitant becomes subject to part II of this subchapter by reason of recall service—

(1) subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply to such annuitant; and

(2) section 4064 of this title shall apply to the recall service as if such service were reemployment.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §823, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2122; Pub. L. 99–335, title IV, §409, June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 612.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–335 added subsec. (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–335 effective Jan. 1, 1987, see section 702(a) of Pub. L. 99–335, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8401 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 3811 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3811: Operating regulations
Operating regulations
Status: in_force

The Commission may prescribe, and from time to time amend, regulations governing—

(1) the operation of the Panama Canal;

(2) the navigation of the harbors and other waters of the Panama Canal and areas adjacent thereto, including the ports of Balboa and Cristobal;

(3) the passage and control of vessels through the Panama Canal or any part thereof, including the locks and approaches thereto;

(4) pilotage in the Panama Canal or the approaches thereto through the adjacent waters; and

(5) the licensing of officers or other operators of vessels navigating the waters of the Panama Canal and areas adjacent thereto, including the ports of Balboa and Cristobal.

(Pub. L. 96–70, title I, §1801, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 492; Pub. L. 104–201, div. C, title XXXV, §3545, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2867.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Pub. L. 104–201 substituted "Commission" for "President" in introductory provisions.
22 U.S.C. § 2345 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2345: Repealed. Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 4, §45(a), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1327
Repealed. Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 4, §45(a), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1327
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, §525, formerly §§503(e), 509(b), as added Pub. L. 88–633, pt. II, §201(a), (d), Oct. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1011; amended Pub. L. 89–171, pt. II, §201(f), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 657; renumbered §525 and amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. II, §201(b)(3), (i)(2), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 455, 457, provided for guaranties until June 30, 1968. See section 2764 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1968, see section 41 of Pub. L. 90–629, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2751 of this title.

Savings Provision

Determinations, authorizations, regulations, orders, contracts, agreements, and other actions issued undertaken, or entered into under authority of any provision of former section 2345 of this title as continuing in full force and effect until modified by appropriate authority, see section 46 of Pub. L. 90–629, set out as a note under former section 2341 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 6432b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 73: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM / Subchapter II: COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM / Section 6432b: Commission personnel matters
Commission personnel matters
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Commission may, without regard to the civil service laws and regulations, appoint and terminate an Executive Director and such other additional personnel as may be necessary to enable the Commission to perform its duties. The decision to employ or terminate an Executive Director shall be made by an affirmative vote of at least six of the nine members of the Commission.

(b) Compensation

The Commission may provide reasonable compensation to the Executive Director without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5 relating to classification of positions and General Schedule pay rates, except that the rate of pay for the Executive Director may not exceed the rate payable under level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of such title. The rate of pay for other personnel of the Commission may not exceed the rate payable for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of such title. All employees of the Commission shall otherwise be treated as employees whose pay is disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate, including for purposes of applying the Standing Rules of the Senate. The Commission shall be treated as an employing office of the Senate.

(c) Professional staff

The Commission and the Executive Director shall hire Commission staff on the basis of professional and nonpartisan qualifications. Commissioners may not individually hire staff of the Commission. Staff shall serve the Commission as a whole and may not be assigned to the particular service of a single Commissioner or a specified group of Commissioners. This subsection does not prohibit staff personnel from assisting individual members of the Commission with particular needs related to their duties.

(d) Staff and services of other Federal agencies

(1) Department of State

The Secretary of State shall assist the Commission by providing on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis to the Commission such staff and administrative services as may be necessary and appropriate to perform its functions.

(2) Other Federal agencies

Upon the request of the Commission, the head of any Federal department or agency may detail, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis, any of the personnel of that department or agency to the Commission to assist it in carrying out its functions under this subchapter. The detail of any such personnel shall be without interruption or loss of civil service or Foreign Service status or privilege.

(e) Security clearances

The Executive Director shall be required to obtain a security clearance. The Executive Director may request, on a needs-only basis and in order to perform the duties of the Commission, that other personnel of the Commission be required to obtain a security clearance. The level of clearance shall be the lowest necessary to appropriately perform the duties of the Commission.

(f) Cost

The Commission shall reimburse all appropriate Government agencies for the cost of obtaining clearances for members of the Commission, for the Executive Director, and for any other personnel.

(Pub. L. 105–292, title II, §204, as added Pub. L. 106–55, §1(b)(3), Aug. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 402; amended Pub. L. 112–75, §3(a), Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1273; Pub. L. 116–94, div. J, title VIII, §805(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3077.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 204 of Pub. L. 105–292 was renumbered section 206 and is classified to section 6434 of this title.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–94, §805(a)(1), substituted "provide reasonable compensation to the Executive Director" for "fix the compensation of the Executive Director and other personnel" and "may not exceed the rate payable under level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313" for "and other personnel may not exceed the rate payable for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316" and inserted at end "The rate of pay for other personnel of the Commission may not exceed the rate payable for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of such title. All employees of the Commission shall otherwise be treated as employees whose pay is disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate, including for purposes of applying the Standing Rules of the Senate. The Commission shall be treated as an employing office of the Senate."

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 116–94, §805(a)(2), substituted "the Commission, for the Executive Director" for "the commission, for the executive director".

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 116–94, §805(a)(3), struck out subsec. (g) which related to application of antidiscrimination laws.

2011—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 112–75 added subsec. (g).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Pending Claims

Pub. L. 112–75, §3(b), Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1273, provided that: "Any administrative or judicial claim or action pending on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2011] may be maintained under [former] section 204(g) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 [former 22 U.S.C. 6432b(g)], as added by subsection (a)."
22 U.S.C. § 1691 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 22: MUTUAL SECURITY ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: NEAR EAST AND AFRICA; APPROPRIATIONS / Section 1691: Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(9)-(11), 68 Stat. 861
Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(9)-(11), 68 Stat. 861
Status: repealed

Section 1691, acts Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title II, §201, 65 Stat. 374; June 20, 1952, ch. 449, §4(a), 66 Stat. 142, related to military assistance to Greece, Turkey and Iran, and authorization of amount.

Section 1692, acts Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title II, §202, 65 Stat. 375; July 16, 1953, ch. 195, ch. VII, §§701(b), 704, 67 Stat. 155, 156, related to other assistance in area of Near East and Africa and amount available.

Section 1693, acts Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title II, §203, 65 Stat. 375; June 20, 1952, ch. 449, §4(b), 66 Stat. 142, related to economic and technical assistance and authorization of amount.

Section 1694, act Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title II, §204, 65 Stat. 375, related to aid to Palestine refugees and amount available.

Section 1695, act Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title II, §205, 65 Stat. 375, related to aid to refugees coming into Israel and amount available.

Section 1696, act Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title II, §206, as added June 20, 1952, ch. 449, §4(c), 66 Stat. 142; amended July 16, 1953, ch. 195, ch. V, §501, 67 Stat. 154, related to special economic assistance.

Section 1697, act Oct. 10, 1951, ch. 479, title V, §549, as added July 16, 1953, ch. 195, ch. VII, §706(g), 67 Stat. 159, related to making of a survey of refugee situation in Near East, report and recommendations.

See section 2151 et seq. of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 254d (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 6: FOREIGN DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR OFFICERS / Section 254d: Dismissal on motion of action against individual entitled to immunity
Dismissal on motion of action against individual entitled to immunity
Status: in_force

Any action or proceeding brought against an individual who is entitled to immunity with respect to such action or proceeding under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, under section 254b or 254c of this title, or under any other laws extending diplomatic privileges and immunities, shall be dismissed. Such immunity may be established upon motion or suggestion by or on behalf of the individual, or as otherwise permitted by law or applicable rules of procedure.

(Pub. L. 95–393, §5, Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 809.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective at end of ninety-day period beginning on Sept. 30, 1978, see section 9 of Pub. L. 95–393, set out as a note under section 254a of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 269g (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Section 269g: Private International Law Conference at The Hague and Private Law International Institute in Rome; membership; appointment of delegates
Private International Law Conference at The Hague and Private Law International Institute in Rome; membership; appointment of delegates
Status: in_force

The President is hereby authorized to accept membership for the Government of the United States in (1) the Hague Conference on Private International Law and (2) the International (Rome) Institute for the Unification of Private Law, and to appoint the United States delegates and their alternates to meetings of the two organizations, and the committees and organs thereof.

(Pub. L. 88–244, §1, Dec. 30, 1963, 77 Stat. 775.)
22 U.S.C. § 211 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 4: PASSPORTS / Section 211: Repealed. July 3, 1926, ch. 772, §4, 44 Stat. 887
Repealed. July 3, 1926, ch. 772, §4, 44 Stat. 887
Status: repealed

Section, R.S. §4075; act June 14, 1902, ch. 1088, §1, 32 Stat. 386, provided for issuance of passports. See section 211a of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 256 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 6: FOREIGN DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR OFFICERS / Section 256: Jurisdiction of consular officers in disputes between seamen
Jurisdiction of consular officers in disputes between seamen
Status: in_force

Whenever it is stipulated by treaty or convention between the United States and any foreign nation that the consul general, consuls, vice consuls, or consular or commercial agents of each nation, shall have exclusive jurisdiction of controversies, difficulties, or disorders arising at sea or in the waters or ports of the other nation, between the master or officers and any of the crew, or between any of the crew themselves, of any vessel belonging to the nation represented by such consular officer, such stipulations shall be executed and enforced within the jurisdiction of the United States as declared in sections 257 and 258 of this title. But before this section shall take effect as to the vessels of any particular nation having such treaty with the United States, the President shall be satisfied that similar provisions have been made for the execution of such treaty by the other contracting party, and shall issue his proclamation to that effect, declaring this section to be in force as to such nation.

(R.S. §4079.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §4079 derived from act June 11, 1864, ch. 116, §1, 13 Stat. 121.
22 U.S.C. § 7112 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 78: TRAFFICKING VICTIMS PROTECTION / Section 7112: Additional activities to monitor and combat forced labor and child labor
Additional activities to monitor and combat forced labor and child labor
Status: in_force

(a) Activities of the Department of State

(1) Finding

Congress finds that in the report submitted to Congress by the Secretary of State in June 2005 pursuant to section 7107(b) of this title, the list of countries whose governments do not comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and are not making significant efforts to bring themselves into compliance was composed of a large number of countries in which the trafficking involved forced labor, including the trafficking of women into domestic servitude.

(2) Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that the Director of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking of the Department of State should intensify the focus of the Office on forced labor in the countries described in paragraph (1) and other countries in which forced labor continues to be a serious human rights concern.

(3) Information sharing

The Secretary of State shall, on a regular basis, provide information relating to child labor and forced labor in the production of goods in violation of international standards to the Department of Labor to be used in developing the list described in subsection (b)(2)(C).

(b) Activities of the Department of Labor

(1) In general

The Secretary of Labor, acting through the head of the Bureau of International Labor Affairs of the Department of Labor, shall carry out additional activities to monitor and combat forced labor and child labor in foreign countries as described in paragraph (2).

(2) Additional activities described

The additional activities referred to in paragraph (1) are—

(A) to monitor the use of forced labor and child labor in violation of international standards;

(B) to provide information regarding trafficking in persons for the purpose of forced labor to the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking of the Department of State for inclusion in trafficking in persons report required by section 7107(b) of this title;

(C) to develop and make available to the public a list of goods from countries that the Bureau of International Labor Affairs has reason to believe are produced by forced labor or child labor in violation of international standards, including, to the extent practicable, goods that are produced with inputs that are produced with forced labor or child labor;

(D) to work with persons who are involved in the production of goods on the list described in subparagraph (C) to create a standard set of practices that will reduce the likelihood that such persons will produce goods using the labor described in such subparagraph; and

(E) to consult with other departments and agencies of the United States Government to reduce forced and child labor internationally and ensure that products made by forced labor and child labor in violation of international standards are not imported into the United States.

(3) Submission to Congress

Not later than December 1, 2014, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary of Labor shall submit the list developed under paragraph (2)(C) to Congress.

(Pub. L. 109–164, title I, §105, Jan. 10, 2006, 119 Stat. 3566; Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, §§1232, 1233, Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 146; Pub. L. 115–425, title I, §133(a), Jan. 8, 2019, 132 Stat. 5481.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005, and not as part of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (b)(2)(C). Pub. L. 115–425 inserted ", including, to the extent practicable, goods that are produced with inputs that are produced with forced labor or child labor" after "international standards".

2013—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 113–4, §1233, added par. (3).

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 113–4, §1232, added par. (3).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Consultative Group To Eliminate the Use of Child Labor and Forced Labor in Imported Agricultural Products

Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3205, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1838, provided for the establishment of a consultative group to make recommendations to the Secretary of Agriculture relating to guidelines to reduce the likelihood that agricultural products imported into the United States were produced with the use of forced labor or child labor and for the group's authority to terminate on Dec. 31, 2012.
22 U.S.C. § 8511 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 92: COMPREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND DIVESTMENT / Subchapter I: SANCTIONS / Section 8511: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this subchapter:

(1) Agricultural commodity

The term "agricultural commodity" has the meaning given that term in section 5602 of title 7.

(2) Appropriate congressional committees

The term "appropriate congressional committees" has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note), as amended by section 102 of this Act.

(3) Executive agency

The term "executive agency" has the meaning given that term in section 133 of title 41.

(4) Family member

The term "family member" means, with respect to an individual, a spouse, child, parent, sibling, grandchild, or grandparent of the individual.

(5) Iranian diplomats and representatives of other government and military or quasi-governmental institutions of Iran

The term "Iranian diplomat or representative of another government or military or quasi-governmental institution of Iran" means any of the Iranian diplomats and representatives of other government and military or quasi-governmental institutions of Iran (as that term is defined in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note)).

(6) Knowingly

The term "knowingly", with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result.

(7) Medical device

The term "medical device" has the meaning given the term "device" in section 321 of title 21.

(8) Medicine

The term "medicine" has the meaning given the term "drug" in section 321 of title 21.

(9) State

The term "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States.

(10) United States person

The term "United States person" means—

(A) a natural person who is a citizen or resident of the United States or a national of the United States (as defined in section 1101(a) of title 8; 1 and

(B) an entity that is organized under the laws of the United States or any State.

(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, §101, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1316; Pub. L. 112–158, title III, §311(b)(2), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1248.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 8551(a) of this title.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in introductory provisions, was in the original "this title", meaning Pub. L. 111–195, title I, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1316, which enacted this subchapter, amended sections 287c, 2778, and 2780 of this title, section 310 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and section 4315 of Title 50, War and National Defense, enacted and amended provisions set out as notes under section 1701 of Title 50. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.

Section 102 of this Act, referred to in par. (2), is section 102 of Pub. L. 111–195, which enacted and amended provisions set out as notes under section 1701 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

Amendments

2012—Par. (3). Pub. L. 112–158 substituted "section 133 of title 41" for "section 4 of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act (41 U.S.C. 403)".

1 So in original. Probably should be "title 8);".
22 U.S.C. § 2151r (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2151r: Sahel development program; planning
Sahel development program; planning
Status: in_force

(a) Congressional support

The Congress reaffirms its support of the initiative of the United States Government in undertaking consultations and planning with the countries concerned, with other nations providing assistance, with the United Nations, and with other concerned international and regional organizations, toward the development and support of a comprehensive long-term African Sahel development program.

(b) Presidential authorization

The President is authorized to develop a long-term comprehensive development program for the Sahel and other drought-stricken nations in Africa.

(c) Presidential guidelines

In developing this long-term program, the President shall—

(1) consider international coordination for the planning and implementation of such program;

(2) seek greater participation and support by African countries and organizations in determining development priorities; and

(3) begin such planning immediately.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §120, formerly pt. III, §639B, as added Pub. L. 93–189, §20, Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 725; renumbered pt. I, §494B and amended Pub. L. 94–161, title I, §101(5), (7), Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 850; renumbered pt. I, §120 and amended Pub. L. 95–88, title I, §115(1), (2), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 539; Pub. L. 95–424, title V, §502(d)(1), Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 959.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to sections 2292e and 2399–1b of this title.

Amendments

1978—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–424 struck out subsec. (d) authorizing appropriations for development of a long-term African Sahel development program.

1977—Pub. L. 95–88, §115(2), substituted "Sahel" for "African" in section catchline.

1975—Pub. L. 94–161, §101(7)(A), struck out "Sahel" after "African" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–161, §101(7)(B), (C), designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and substituted "Congress reaffirms its support of" for "Congress supports".

Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 94–161, §101(7)(D), added subsecs. (b) to (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7674 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 83: UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AGAINST HIV/AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA / Subchapter IV: AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS / Section 7674: Assistance from the United States private sector to prevent and reduce HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
Assistance from the United States private sector to prevent and reduce HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
Status: in_force

It is the sense of Congress that United States businesses should be encouraged to provide assistance to sub-Saharan African countries to prevent and reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. In providing such assistance, United States businesses should be encouraged to consider the establishment of an HIV/AIDS Response Fund in order to provide for coordination among such businesses in the collection and distribution of the assistance to sub-Saharan African countries.

(Pub. L. 108–25, title IV, §404, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 746.)
22 U.S.C. § 3776 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3776: Actions on claims
Actions on claims
Status: in_force

Subject to section 3779(b) of this title, a claimant for damages pursuant to section 3771(a) or 3772 of this title who considers himself aggrieved by the findings, determination, or award of the Commission in reference to his claim may bring an action on the claim against the Commission in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana. Subject to the provisions of this part and of applicable regulations issued pursuant to section 3811 of this title relative to navigation of the Panama Canal and adjacent waters, such actions shall proceed and be heard by the court without a jury according to the principles of law and rules of practice obtaining generally in like cases between a private party and a department or agency of the United States. Any judgment obtained against the Commission in an action under this subpart may be paid only out of money allotted for the maintenance and operation of the Panama Canal. An action for damages cognizable under this section shall not otherwise lie against the United States or the Commission, nor in any other court, than as provided in this section; nor may it lie against any officer or employee of the United States or of the Commission. Any action on a claim under this section shall be barred unless the action is brought within 180 days after the date on which the Commission mails to the claimant written notification of the Commission's final determination with respect to the claim or by May 17, 1998, whichever is later. Attorneys appointed by the Commission shall represent the Commission in any action arising under this subpart.

(Pub. L. 96–70, title I, §1416, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 487; Pub. L. 99–209, §5, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1717; Pub. L. 104–106, div. C, title XXXV, §3529(6), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 642; Pub. L. 105–85, div. C, title XXXV, §3543(b), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 2072; Pub. L. 105–261, div. C, title XXXV, §§3509(a)(3), 3512(a)(5), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2270, 2271.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Pub. L. 105–261 substituted "Subject to section 3779(b) of this title, a claimant" for "A claimant" in first sentence and "by May 17, 1998" for "November 18, 1997".

1997—Pub. L. 105–85 substituted "180 days" for "one year" and "claim or November 18, 1997," for "claim, or within one year after December 23, 1985,".

1996—Pub. L. 104–106 struck out "appropriated or" after "out of money" in third sentence.

1985—Pub. L. 99–209 substituted "section 3771(a) or 3772 of this title" for "section 3771 of this title", substituted "may be paid only out out money" for "shall be paid out of any moneys", and inserted provisions that any action on a claim under this section shall be barred unless the action is brought within one year after the date on which the Commission mails to the claimant written notification of the Commission's final determination with respect to the claim, or within one year after Dec. 23, 1985, whichever is later, and that attorneys appointed by the Commission shall represent the Commission in any action arising under this subpart.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–209 applicable to any claim arising on or after Oct. 1, 1979, see section 7(a) of Pub. L. 99–209, set out as a note under section 3771 of this title.