34 U.S.C. § 20930 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter I / Section 20930: Registration of sex offenders entering the United States
Registration of sex offenders entering the United States
Status: in_force

The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall establish and maintain a system for informing the relevant jurisdictions about persons entering the United States who are required to register under this subchapter. The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide such information and carry out such functions as the Attorney General may direct in the operation of the system.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title I, §128, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 600.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title I of Pub. L. 109–248, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 590, known as the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title of 2006 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16928 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10108 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter I / Section 10108: Availability of funds
Availability of funds
Status: in_force

(a) Period for awarding grant funds

(1) In general

Unless otherwise specifically provided in an authorization, DOJ grant funds for a fiscal year shall remain available to be awarded and distributed to a grantee only in that fiscal year and the three succeeding fiscal years, subject to paragraphs (2) and (3). DOJ grant funds not so awarded and distributed shall revert to the Treasury.

(2) Treatment of reprogrammed funds

DOJ grant funds for a fiscal year that are reprogrammed in a later fiscal year shall be treated for purposes of paragraph (1) as DOJ grant funds for such later fiscal year.

(3) Treatment of deobligated funds

If DOJ grant funds were obligated and then deobligated, the period of availability that applies to those grant funds under paragraph (1) shall be extended by a number of days equal to the number of days from the date on which those grant funds were obligated to the date on which those grant funds were deobligated.

(b) Period for expending grant funds

DOJ grant funds for a fiscal year that have been awarded and distributed to a grantee may be expended by that grantee only in the period permitted under the terms of the grant. DOJ grant funds not so expended shall be deobligated.

(c) Definition

In this section, the term "DOJ grant funds" means, for a fiscal year, amounts appropriated for activities of the Department of Justice in carrying out grant programs for that fiscal year.

(d) Applicability

This section applies to DOJ grant funds for fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 2006.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §108, as added Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1161(a), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3118; amended Pub. L. 109–271, §8(g), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 767.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3712g of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–271 substituted "be deobligated" for "revert to the Treasury".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1161(b), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3118, as amended by Pub. L. 109–271, §8(n)(4)(B), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 768, provided that: "This section [enacting this section] and the amendment made by this section take effect on October 1, 2006."
34 U.S.C. § 12101 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter I / Section 12101: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

Unless otherwise provided, for purposes of this part—

(1) the term "indeterminate sentencing" means a system by which—

(A) the court may impose a sentence of a range defined by statute; and

(B) an administrative agency, generally the parole board, or the court, controls release within the statutory range;

(2) the term "part 1 violent crime" means murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault as reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation for purposes of the Uniform Crime Reports; and

(3) the term "State" means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title II, §20101, as added Pub. L. 104–134, title I, §101[(a)] [title I, §114(a)], Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321, 1321–15; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104–140, §1(a), May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13701 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 20101 of Pub. L. 103–322, title II, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1815, related to grants for correctional facilities prior to the general amendment of subtitle A of title II of Pub. L. 103–322 by Pub. L. 104–134.
34 U.S.C. § 10107 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter I / Section 10107: Division of Applied Law Enforcement Technology
Division of Applied Law Enforcement Technology
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established within the Office of Science and Technology, the Division of Applied Law Enforcement Technology, headed by an individual appointed by the Attorney General. The purpose of the Division shall be to provide leadership and focus to those grants of the Department of Justice that are made for the purpose of using or improving law enforcement computer systems.

(b) Duties

In carrying out the purpose of the Division, the head of the Division shall—

(1) establish clear minimum standards for computer systems that can be purchased using amounts awarded under such grants; and

(2) ensure that recipients of such grants use such systems to participate in crime reporting programs administered by the Department, such as Uniform Crime Reports or the National Incident-Based Reporting System.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §107, as added Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1160(a), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3117.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3712f of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1160(b), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3117, as amended by Pub. L. 109–271, §8(n)(4)(A), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 768, provided that: "This section [enacting this section] and the amendment made by this section take effect on October 1, 2006."
34 U.S.C. § 10515 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXIII / Section 10515: Restrictions on use of funds
Restrictions on use of funds
Status: in_force

(a) Federal share

The Federal share of a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement made under this subchapter may not exceed 75 percent of the total costs of the project described in the application submitted for the fiscal year for which the project receives assistance.

(b) Administrative costs

A State or unit of local government may not use more than 10 percent of the funds it receives from 1 this subchapter for administrative expenses.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2405, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title XXI, §210302(c)(1)(C), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2067.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796kk–4 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

1 So in original. Probably should be "under".
34 U.S.C. § 11172 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 111 / Subchapter II / Section 11172: Grants for technical assistance
Grants for technical assistance
Status: in_force

The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals to provide technical assistance to States, units of general local government, Indian tribal governments, local private entities or agencies, or any combination thereof, to carry out the projects for which grants are made under section 11171 of this title.

(Pub. L. 93–415, title II, §262, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, §12212, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1891.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5666 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 262 of Pub. L. 93–415 was classified to section 5665a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 107–273.

Another prior section 262 of Pub. L. 93–415 was renumbered section 299A and is classified to section 11182 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 20306 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 203 / Subchapter I / Section 20306: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out sections 20303, 20304, and 20305 of this title, $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2028.

(Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §214B, as added Pub. L. 117–354, §3(6), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6277.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 20306, Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §214B, formerly §214, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4794; renumbered §214B and amended Pub. L. 102–586, §6(b)(1), (e), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5029, 5034; Pub. L. 104–235, title II, §232, Oct. 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 3092; Pub. L. 108–21, title III, §381(b), Apr. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 667; Pub. L. 113–163, §2(a), Aug. 8, 2014, 128 Stat. 1864; Pub. L. 115–424, §2(f), Jan. 7, 2019, 132 Stat. 5469, which authorized appropriations for sections 20303, 20304, and 20305 of this title for fiscal years 2019 through 2023, was repealed by Pub. L. 117–354, §3(6), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6277.
34 U.S.C. § 12241 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter II / Section 12241: Purpose
Purpose
Status: in_force

The purpose of this part is to evaluate the effectiveness of certain demonstration projects in helping to—

(1) alleviate the harm to children and primary caretaker parents caused by separation due to the incarceration of the parents;

(2) reduce recidivism rates of prisoners by encouraging strong and supportive family relationships; and

(3) explore the cost effectiveness of community correctional facilities.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §31902, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1892.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13881 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of subtitle S of title III of Pub. L. 103–322, which is classified to this part, as the "Family Unity Demonstration Project Act", see section 31901 of Pub. L. 103–322, set out as a Short Title of 1994 Act note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10596 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXIX / Section 10596: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this subchapter:

(1) Nonviolent parent drug offender

The term "nonviolent parent drug offender" means an offender who is—

(A) pregnant or a parent of an individual under 18 years of age; and

(B) convicted of a drug (or drug-related) felony that is a nonviolent offense.

(2) Nonviolent offense

The term "nonviolent offense" means an offense that—

(A) does not have as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another; or

(B) is not a felony that by its nature involves a substantial risk that physical force against the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense.

(3) Prison-based family treatment program

The term "prison-based family treatment program" means a program for incarcerated parents or pregnant women in a correctional facility that provides a comprehensive response to offender needs, including substance abuse treatment, child early intervention services, family counseling, legal services, medical care, mental health services, nursery and preschool, parenting skills training, pediatric care, physical therapy, prenatal care, sexual abuse therapy, relapse prevention, transportation, and vocational or GED training.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2927, as added Pub. L. 110–199, title I, §113, Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 676; amended Pub. L. 114–198, title II, §201(c)(2), July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 714; Pub. L. 114–255, div. B, title XIV, §14028(b), Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1312.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797s–6 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section. Some section numbers or references in amendment notes below reflect the classification of such sections or references prior to editorial reclassification.

Amendments

2016—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 114–198, §201(c)(2)(A), inserted "pregnant or" before "a parent".

Par. (2). Pub. L. 114–255 substituted "means an offense that—" and subpars. (A) and (B) for "has the meaning given that term in section 3797aa(a) of this title."

Par. (3). Pub. L. 114–198, §201(c)(2)(B), inserted "or pregnant women" after "incarcerated parents".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Construction of 2008 Amendment

For construction of amendments by Pub. L. 110–199 and requirements for grants made under such amendments, see section 60504 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 41313 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 413 / Section 41313: GAO study on incidence of fatal and non-fatal physical and sexual assault of passengers, TNC drivers, and drivers of other for-hire vehicles
GAO study on incidence of fatal and non-fatal physical and sexual assault of passengers, TNC drivers, and drivers of other for-hire vehicles
Status: in_force

(a) GAO report

Not later than 1 year after January 5, 2023, and every 2 years thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report that includes the results of a study regarding—

(1) the incidence of fatal and non-fatal physical assault and sexual assault perpetrated in the preceding 2 calendar years (starting with calendar years 2019 and 2020 for the first study)—

(A) against TNC drivers and drivers of other for-hire vehicles (including taxicabs) by passengers and riders of for-hire vehicles; and

(B) against passengers and riders by other passengers and TNC drivers or drivers of other for-hire vehicles (including taxicabs), including the incidences that are committed by individuals who are not TNC drivers or drivers of other for-hire vehicles but who pose as TNC drivers or drivers of other for-hire vehicles;

(2) the nature and specifics of any background checks conducted on prospective TNC drivers and drivers of other for-hire vehicles (including taxicabs), including any State and local laws requiring those background checks; and

(3) the safety steps taken by transportation network companies and other for-hire vehicle services (including taxicab companies) related to rider and driver safety.

(b) Sexual assault defined

In this section, the term "sexual assault" means the occurrence of an act that constitutes any nonconsensual sexual act proscribed by Federal, Tribal, or State law, including when the victim lacks capacity to consent.

(Pub. L. 117–330, §2, Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6114.)
34 U.S.C. § 40902 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 409 / Section 40902: Findings
Findings
Status: in_force

Congress finds the following:

(1) Approximately 916,000 individuals were prohibited from purchasing a firearm for failing a background check between November 30, 1998, (the date the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) began operating) and December 31, 2004.

(2) From November 30, 1998, through December 31, 2004, nearly 49,000,000 Brady background checks were processed through NICS.

(3) Although most Brady background checks are processed through NICS in seconds, many background checks are delayed if the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) does not have automated access to complete information from the States concerning persons prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm under Federal or State law.

(4) Nearly 21,000,000 criminal records are not accessible by NICS and millions of criminal records are missing critical data, such as arrest dispositions, due to data backlogs.

(5) The primary cause of delay in NICS background checks is the lack of—

(A) updates and available State criminal disposition records; and

(B) automated access to information concerning persons prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm because of mental illness, restraining orders, or misdemeanor convictions for domestic violence.

(6) Automated access to this information can be improved by—

(A) computerizing information relating to criminal history, criminal dispositions, mental illness, restraining orders, and misdemeanor convictions for domestic violence; or

(B) making such information available to NICS in a usable format.

(7) Helping States to automate these records will reduce delays for law-abiding gun purchasers.

(8) On March 12, 2002, the senseless shooting, which took the lives of a priest and a parishioner at the Our Lady of Peace Church in Lynbrook, New York, brought attention to the need to improve information-sharing that would enable Federal and State law enforcement agencies to conduct a complete background check on a potential firearm purchaser. The man who committed this double murder had a prior disqualifying mental health commitment and a restraining order against him, but passed a Brady background check because NICS did not have the necessary information to determine that he was ineligible to purchase a firearm under Federal or State law.

(9) On April 16, 2007, a student with a history of mental illness at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University shot to death 32 students and faculty members, wounded 17 more, and then took his own life. The shooting, the deadliest campus shooting in United States history, renewed the need to improve information-sharing that would enable Federal and State law enforcement agencies to conduct complete background checks on potential firearms purchasers. In spite of a proven history of mental illness, the shooter was able to purchase the two firearms used in the shooting. Improved coordination between State and Federal authorities could have ensured that the shooter's disqualifying mental health information was available to NICS.

(Pub. L. 110–180, §2, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2559.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10234 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter VII / Section 10234: Prohibition on use of Central Intelligence Agency services
Prohibition on use of Central Intelligence Agency services
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, no use will be made of services, facilities, or personnel of the Central Intelligence Agency.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §815, formerly §822, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered §815, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §609B(f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3789k of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 815 of Pub. L. 90–351 was renumbered section 809 and is classified to section 10228 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 50321 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 503 / Subchapter II / Section 50321: Authorization of a Badge
Authorization of a Badge
Status: in_force

The Attorney General may award, and a Member of Congress or the Attorney General may present, in the name of Congress a State and Local Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery to a State or local law enforcement officer who is cited by the Attorney General, upon the recommendation of the State and Local Board, for performing an act of bravery while in the line of duty.

(Pub. L. 110–298, title II, §201, July 31, 2008, 122 Stat. 2990.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 15251 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 41311 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 413 / Section 41311: Improving Department of Justice data collection on mental illness involved in crime
Improving Department of Justice data collection on mental illness involved in crime
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, on or after the date that is 90 days after the date on which the Attorney General promulgates regulations under subsection (b), any data prepared by, or submitted to, the Attorney General or the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation with respect to the incidences of homicides, law enforcement officers killed, seriously injured, and assaulted, or individuals killed or seriously injured by law enforcement officers shall include data with respect to the involvement of mental illness in such incidences, if any.

(b) Regulations

Not later than 90 days after December 13, 2016, the Attorney General shall promulgate or revise regulations as necessary to carry out subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 114–255, div. B, title XIV, §14015, Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1306.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 20107 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 201 / Subchapter I / Section 20107: Crime victims legal assistance grants
Crime victims legal assistance grants
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Director may make grants as provided in section 20103(c)(1)(A) of this title to State, tribal, and local prosecutors' offices, law enforcement agencies, courts, jails, and correctional institutions, and to qualified public and private entities, to develop, establish, and maintain programs for the enforcement of crime victims' rights as provided in law.

(b) Prohibition

Grant amounts under this section may not be used to bring a cause of action for damages.

(c) False Claims Act

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, amounts collected pursuant to sections 3729 through 3731 of title 31 (commonly known as the "False Claims Act") may be used for grants under this section, subject to appropriation.

(Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §1404D, as added Pub. L. 108–405, title I, §103(a), Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2264.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 10603d of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12575 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter VII / Section 12575: Eligibility
Eligibility
Status: in_force

(a) Scholarships

A person shall be eligible to receive a scholarship under this part if the person has been employed in law enforcement for the 2-year period immediately preceding the date on which assistance is sought.

(b) Ineligibility for student employment

A person who has been employed as a law enforcement officer is ineligible to participate in a student employment program carried out under this part.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title XX, §200206, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2059.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14115 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 21701 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 217 / Section 21701: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter—

(1) the terms "abuse", "adult protective services", "elder", "elder justice", "exploitation", "law enforcement", and "neglect" have the meanings given those terms in section 1397j of title 42;

(2) the term "elder abuse" includes abuse, neglect, and exploitation of an elder; and

(3) the term "State" means each of the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any other territory or possession of the United States.

(Pub. L. 115–70, §2, Oct. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 1208.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 115–70, Oct. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 1208, known as the Elder Abuse Prevention and Prosecution Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2017 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.
34 U.S.C. § 30505 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 305 / Section 30505: Severability
Severability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this division, an amendment made by this division, or the application of such provision or amendment to any person or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this division, the amendments made by this division, and the application of the provisions of such to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 111–84, div. E, §4709, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2841.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This division, referred to in text, is division E of Pub. L. 111–84, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2835, known as the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act. For complete classification of division E to the Code, see Short Title of 2009 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 249 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10362 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XV / Section 10362: State applications
State applications
Status: in_force

(a) In general

(1) To request a grant under this subchapter, the chief executive of a State shall submit an application to the Director in such form and containing such information as the Director may reasonably require.

(2) An application under paragraph (1) shall include assurances that Federal funds received under this subchapter shall be used to supplement, not supplant, non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for activities funded under this subchapter.

(b) State office

The office responsible for the trust fund required by section 10158 of this title—

(1) shall prepare the application required under this section; and

(2) shall administer grant funds received under this subchapter, including, review of spending, processing, progress, financial reporting, technical assistance, grant adjustments, accounting, auditing, and fund disbursement.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1602, as added Pub. L. 102–521, §4(a)(3), Oct. 25, 1992, 106 Stat. 3404; amended Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1111(c)(2)(H), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3102.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796cc–1 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section. Some section numbers or references in amendment notes below reflect the classification of such sections or references prior to editorial reclassification.

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–162 substituted "The office responsible for the trust fund required by section 3757 of this title" for "The office designated under section 3757 of this title".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–162 applicable with respect to the first fiscal year beginning after Jan. 5, 2006, and each fiscal year thereafter, see section 1111(d) of Pub. L. 109–162, set out as a note under section 10151 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

Effective Aug. 1, 2000, all functions of Director of Bureau of Justice Assistance, other than those enumerated in section 10142(3) to (6) of this title, transferred to Assistant Attorney General for Office of Justice Programs, see section 1000(a)(1) [title I, §108(b)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 10141 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10385 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XVI / Section 10385: Performance evaluation
Performance evaluation
Status: in_force

(a) Monitoring components

Each program, project, or activity funded under this subchapter shall contain a monitoring component, developed pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney General. The monitoring required by this subsection shall include systematic identification and collection of data about activities, accomplishments, and programs throughout the life of the program, project, or activity and presentation of such data in a usable form.

(b) Evaluation components

Selected grant recipients shall be evaluated on the local level or as part of a national evaluation, pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney General. Such evaluations may include assessments of individual program implementations. In selected jurisdictions that are able to support outcome evaluations, the effectiveness of funded programs, projects, and activities may be required. Outcome measures may include crime and victimization indicators, quality of life measures, community perceptions, and police perceptions of their own work.

(c) Periodic review and reports

The Attorney General may require a grant recipient to submit to the Attorney General the results of the monitoring and evaluations required under subsections (a) and (b) and such other data and information as the Attorney General deems reasonably necessary.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1705, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, §10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–4 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 40931 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 409 / Subchapter II / Section 40931: Continuing evaluations
Continuing evaluations
Status: in_force

(a) Evaluation required

The Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (referred to in this section as the "Director") shall study and evaluate the operations of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. Such study and evaluation shall include compilations and analyses of the operations and record systems of the agencies and organizations necessary to support such System.

(b) Report on grants

Not later than January 31 of each year, the Director shall submit to Congress a report containing the estimates submitted by the States under section 40912(b) of this title.

(c) Report on best practices

Not later than January 31 of each year, the Director shall submit to Congress, and to each State participating in the National Criminal History Improvement Program, a report of the practices of the States regarding the collection, maintenance, automation, and transmittal of information relevant to determining whether a person is prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm by Federal or State law, by the State or any other agency, or any other records relevant to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, that the Director considers to be best practices.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2009 through 2013 to complete the studies, evaluations, and reports required under this section.

(Pub. L. 110–180, title II, §201, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2570.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 60533 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 605 / Subchapter II / Section 60533: Bureau of Prisons policy on mentoring contacts
Bureau of Prisons policy on mentoring contacts
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than 90 days after April 9, 2008, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall, in order to promote stability and continued assistance to offenders after release from prison, adopt and implement a policy to ensure that any person who provides mentoring services to an incarcerated offender is permitted to continue such services after that offender is released from prison. That policy shall permit the continuation of mentoring services unless the Director demonstrates that such services would be a significant security risk to the released offender, incarcerated offenders, persons who provide such services, or any other person.

(b) Report

Not later than September 30, 2009, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall submit to Congress a report on the extent to which the policy described in subsection (a) has been implemented and followed.

(Pub. L. 110–199, title II, §213, Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 683.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 17533 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 21505 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 215 / Section 21505: Implementation
Implementation
Status: in_force

In carrying out this chapter, and the amendments made by this chapter, the Attorney General may use the resources and capacities of any appropriate agencies of the Department of Justice, including the Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking, the United States Marshals Service, INTERPOL Washington-U.S. National Central Bureau, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Criminal Division, and the United States Attorneys' Offices.

(Pub. L. 114–119, §6(c), Feb. 8, 2016, 130 Stat. 23.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 114–119, Feb. 8, 2016, 130 Stat. 15, known as the International Megan's Law to Prevent Child Exploitation and Other Sexual Crimes Through Advanced Notification of Traveling Sex Offenders, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2016 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16935d of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

The amendments made by this chapter, referred to in text, mean the amendments made by Pub. L. 114–119. See Short Title of 2016 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.
34 U.S.C. § 10451 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XIX / Section 10451: Polygraph testing prohibition
Polygraph testing prohibition
Status: in_force

(a) In general

In order to be eligible for grants under this subchapter, a State, Indian tribal government, territorial government, or unit of local government shall certify that, not later than 3 years after January 5, 2006, their laws, policies, or practices will ensure that no law enforcement officer, prosecuting officer or other government official shall ask or require an adult, youth, or child victim of an alleged sex offense as defined under Federal, tribal, State, territorial, or local law to submit to a polygraph examination or other truth telling device as a condition for proceeding with the investigation of such an offense.

(b) Prosecution

The refusal of a victim to submit to an examination described in subsection (a) shall not prevent the investigation, charging, or prosecution of the offense.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2013, as added Pub. L. 109–162, title I, §101(g), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 2975.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796gg–8 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section not effective until the beginning of fiscal year 2007, see section 4 of Pub. L. 109–162, set out as an Effective Date of 2006 Amendment note under section 10261 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10707 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXXVIII / Section 10707: Evaluation of performance of Department of Justice programs
Evaluation of performance of Department of Justice programs
Status: in_force

(1) Evaluation of Justice Department Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program

Not later than 5 years after July 22, 2016, the Attorney General shall complete an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program under part LL of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 [34 U.S.C. 10701 et seq.] administered by the Department of Justice based upon the information reported under paragraph (4).

(2) Interim evaluation

Not later than 3 years after July 22, 2016, the Attorney General shall complete an interim evaluation assessing the nature and extent of the incidence of opioid abuse and illegal opioid distribution in the United States.

(3) Metrics and outcomes for evaluation

Not later than 180 days after July 22, 2016, the Attorney General shall identify outcomes that are to be achieved by activities funded by the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program and the metrics by which the achievement of such outcomes shall be determined.

(4) Metrics data collection

The Attorney General shall require grantees under the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program (and those receiving subawards under section 3021(b) of part LL of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 [34 U.S.C. 10701(b)]) to collect and annually report to the Department of Justice data based upon the metrics identified under paragraph (3).

(5) Publication of data and findings

(A) Publication of outcomes and metrics

The Attorney General shall, not later than 30 days after completion of the requirement under paragraph (3), publish the outcomes and metrics identified under that paragraph.

(B) Publication of evaluation

In the case of the interim evaluation under paragraph (2), and the final evaluation under paragraph (1), the entity conducting the evaluation shall, not later than 90 days after such an evaluation is completed, publish the results of such evaluation and issue a report on such evaluation to the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate. Such report shall also be published along with the data used to make such evaluation.

(6) Independent evaluation

For purposes of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), the Attorney General shall—

(A) enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences; or

(B) enter into a contract or cooperative agreement with an entity that is not an agency of the Federal Government, and is qualified to conduct and evaluate research pertaining to opioid use and abuse, and draw conclusions about overall opioid use and abuse on the basis of that research.

(Pub. L. 114–198, title VII, §701(b), July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 737.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in par. (1), is Pub. L. 90–351, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 197. Part LL of title I of the Act is classified generally to this subchapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1968 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016, and not as part of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 which comprises this chapter.

Section was formerly classified to section 3797ff–6 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 20943 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter I / Section 20943: Federal assistance in identification and location of sex offenders relocated as a result of a major disaster
Federal assistance in identification and location of sex offenders relocated as a result of a major disaster
Status: in_force

The Attorney General shall provide assistance to jurisdictions in the identification and location of a sex offender relocated as a result of a major disaster.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title I, §144, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 606.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16943 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 21113 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 211 / Subchapter I / Section 21113: Purpose of ICAC task forces
Purpose of ICAC task forces
Status: in_force

The ICAC Task Force Program, and each State or local ICAC task force that is part of the national program of task forces, shall be dedicated toward—

(1) increasing the investigative capabilities of State and local law enforcement officers in the detection, investigation, and apprehension of Internet crimes against children offenses or offenders, including technology-facilitated child exploitation offenses;

(2) conducting proactive and reactive Internet crimes against children investigations;

(3) providing training and technical assistance to ICAC task forces and other Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies in the areas of investigations, forensics, prosecution, community outreach, and capacity-building, using recognized experts to assist in the development and delivery of training programs;

(4) increasing the number of Internet crimes against children offenses being investigated and prosecuted in both Federal and State courts;

(5) creating a multiagency task force response to Internet crimes against children offenses within each State;

(6) participating in the Department of Justice's Project Safe Childhood initiative, the purpose of which is to combat technology-facilitated sexual exploitation crimes against children;

(7) enhancing nationwide responses to Internet crimes against children offenses, including assisting other ICAC task forces, as well as other Federal, State, and local agencies with Internet crimes against children investigations and prosecutions;

(8) developing and delivering Internet crimes against children public awareness and prevention programs; and

(9) participating in such other activities, both proactive and reactive, that will enhance investigations and prosecutions of Internet crimes against children.

(Pub. L. 110–401, title I, §103, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4234.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 17613 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10333 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XIII / Section 10333: Applications to receive grants
Applications to receive grants
Status: in_force

To request a grant under section 10332 of this title, the chief executive officer of a State or unit of local government shall submit to the Director an application at such time and in such form as the Director may require. Such application shall include—

(1) a certification that Federal funds made available under section 10332 of this title will not be used to supplant State or local funds, but will be used to increase the amounts of such funds that would, in the absence of such funds, be made available for criminal proceedings for the violation of laws relating to the abuse of children; and

(2) a certification that funds required to pay the non-Federal portion of the cost of equipment and personnel training for which such grant is made shall be in addition to funds that would otherwise be made available by the recipients of grant funds for criminal proceedings for the violation of laws relating to the abuse of children.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1403, as added Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §241(a)(2), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4810; amended Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40156(c)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1923.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796aa–2 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–322, in introductory provisions inserted "or unit of local government" after "of a State", in par. (1) inserted "and" at end, in par. (2) substituted a period for the semicolon at end, and struck out pars. (3) and (4) which read as follows:

"(3) an assurance that the State application described in this section, and any amendment to such application, has been submitted for review to the State legislature or its designated body (for purposes of this section, such application or amendment shall be deemed to be reviewed if the State legislature or such body does not review such application or amendment within the 60-day period beginning on the date such application or amendment is so submitted); and

"(4) an assurance that the State application and any amendment thereto was made public before submission to the Bureau and, to the extent provided under State law or established procedure, an opportunity to comment thereon was provided to citizens and to neighborhood and community groups."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

Effective Aug. 1, 2000, all functions of Director of Bureau of Justice Assistance, other than those enumerated in section 10142(3) to (6) of this title, transferred to Assistant Attorney General for Office of Justice Programs, see section 1000(a)(1) [title I, §108(b)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 10141 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 50502 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 505 / Section 50502: Blue Alert communications network
Blue Alert communications network
Status: in_force

The Attorney General shall establish a national Blue Alert communications network within the Department of Justice to issue Blue Alerts through the initiation, facilitation, and promotion of Blue Alert plans, in coordination with States, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other appropriate entities.

(Pub. L. 114–12, §3, May 19, 2015, 129 Stat. 193.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14165a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 20108 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 201 / Subchapter I / Section 20108: Crime victims notification grants
Crime victims notification grants
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Director may make grants as provided in section 20103(c)(1)(A) of this title to State, tribal, and local prosecutors' offices, law enforcement agencies, courts, jails, and correctional institutions, and to qualified public or private entities, to develop and implement state-of-the-art systems for notifying victims of crime of important dates and developments relating to the criminal proceedings at issue in a timely and efficient manner, provided that the jurisdiction has laws substantially equivalent to the provisions of chapter 237 of title 18.

(b) Integration of systems

Systems developed and implemented under this section may be integrated with existing case management systems operated by the recipient of the grant.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

In addition to funds made available under section 20101(d) of this title, there are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—

(1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; and

(2) $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009.

(d) False Claims Act

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, amounts collected pursuant to sections 3729 through 3731 of title 31 (commonly known as the "False Claims Act") may be used for grants under this section, subject to appropriation.

(Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §1404E, as added Pub. L. 108–405, title I, §103(c), Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2265.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 10603e of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10541 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXV / Section 10541: Continuation of rules, authorities, and proceedings
Continuation of rules, authorities, and proceedings
Status: in_force

(a) Continuing status until otherwise affected

(1) All orders, determinations, rules, regulations, and instructions of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration which are in effect on December 27, 1979, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked by the President or the Attorney General, the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics or the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, or the Administrator of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration with respect to their functions under this chapter or by operation of law.

(2) All orders, determinations, rules, regulations, and instructions issued under this chapter which are in effect on October 12, 1984, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked by the President, the Attorney General, the Assistant Attorney General, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Director of the National Institute of Justice, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, or the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance with respect to their functions under this chapter or by operation of law.

(b) Obligation by Director of National Institute of Justice of previously appropriated unused or reversionary funds for continuation of research and development projects or purposes of this chapter

The Director of the National Institute of Justice may award new grants, enter into new contracts or cooperative agreements, or otherwise obligate previously appropriated unused or reversionary funds for the continuation of research and development projects in accordance with the provisions of this chapter as in effect on the day before December 27, 1979, based upon applications received under this chapter before December 27, 1979, or for purposes consistent with provisions of this chapter.

(c) Obligation by Director of Bureau of Justice Statistics of pre-fiscal year 1980 appropriated funds for statistical projects or purposes of this chapter

The Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics may award new grants, enter into new contracts or cooperative agreements or otherwise obligate funds appropriated for fiscal years before 1980 for statistical projects to be expended in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, as in effect on the day before December 27, 1979, based upon applications received under this chapter before December 27, 1979, or for purposes consistent with provisions of this chapter.

(d) Obligation by Administrator of Law Enforcement Assistance Administration of previously appropriated unused or reversionary funds or presently appropriated funds for continuation of projects or purposes of this chapter

The Administrator of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration may award new grants, enter into new contracts or cooperative agreements, approve comprehensive plans for the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1979, and otherwise obligate previously appropriated unused or reversionary funds or funds appropriated for the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1979, for the continuation of projects in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, as in effect on the day before December 27, 1979, or for purposes consistent with provisions of this chapter.

(e) Pending suits, actions, or other proceedings unaffected

The amendments made to this chapter by the Justice System Improvement Act of 1979 shall not affect any suit, action, or other proceeding commenced by or against the Government before December 27, 1979.

(f) Appropriated funds available for audit matters and continuing programs and projects

Nothing in this chapter prevents the utilization of funds appropriated for purposes of this chapter for all activities necessary or appropriate for the review, audit, investigation, and judicial or administrative resolution of audit matters for those grants or contracts that were awarded under this chapter. The final disposition and dissemination of program and project accomplishments with respect to programs and projects approved in accordance with this chapter, as in effect before December 27, 1979, which continue in operation beyond December 27, 1979, may be carried out with funds appropriated for purposes of this chapter.

(g) Transfer of personnel pursuant to performance-of-functions standard; determination of interim positions for Administrator and Deputy Administrators by Attorney General

Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the personnel employed on December 27, 1979, by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration are transferred as appropriate to the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics, the National Institute of Justice or the Bureau of Justice Statistics, considering the function to be performed by these organizational units and the functions previously performed by the employee. Determinations as to specific positions to be filled in an acting capacity for a period of not more than ninety days by the Administrator and Deputy Administrators employed on December 27, 1979, may be made by the Attorney General notwithstanding any other provision of law.

(h) Unobligated funds of a State or unit of local government available for cost of any program or project

Any funds made available under subchapters II, III, and V 1 of this chapter, as in effect before December 27, 1979, which are not obligated by a State or unit of local government, may be used to provide up to 100 per centum of the cost of any program or project.

(i) State criminal justice council as the State planning agency for carrying out predecessor provisions

Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, all provisions of this chapter, as in effect on the day before December 27, 1979, which are necessary to carry out the provisions of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 [34 U.S.C. 11101 et seq.], remain in effect for the sole purpose of carrying out the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, and the State criminal justice council established under this chapter shall serve as the State planning agency for the purposes of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.

(j) Construction project funding for additional two years

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 404(c)(3),1 any construction projects which were funded under this chapter, as in effect before December 27, 1979, and which were budgeted in anticipation of receiving additional Federal funding for such construction may continue for two years to be funded under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2601, formerly §1301, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1221; amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §609G, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2100; renumbered §1401, Pub. L. 99–570, title I, §1552(a)(2), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–41; renumbered §1501, renumbered §1601, Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §241(a)(1)(B), title VIII, §801(a)(2), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4810, 4825; renumbered §1701, Pub. L. 102–521, §4(a)(2), Oct. 25, 1992, 106 Stat. 3404; renumbered §1801, renumbered §1901, renumbered §2001, renumbered §2101, renumbered §2201, renumbered §2301, renumbered §2401, renumbered §2501, Pub. L. 103–322, title I, §10003(a)(2), title II, §20201(a)(2), title III, §32101(a)(2), title IV, §§40121(a)(2), 40231(a)(2), title V, §50001(a)(2), title XXI, §§210201(a)(2), 210302(c)(1)(B), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1808, 1819, 1898, 1910, 1932, 1955, 2062, 2066, renumbered §2601, Pub. L. 105–181, §3(a)(2), June 16, 1998, 112 Stat. 512.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Justice System Improvement Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (e), is Pub. L. 96–157, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1167, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1979 Act note under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Subchapter V of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (h), was repealed and former subchapter VI was redesignated as V by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §§607, 608(e), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2086, 2087, which was also repealed and a new subchapter V enacted by Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, §6091(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4328.

The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (i), is Pub. L. 93–415, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1109, which is classified principally to chapter 111 (§11101 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1974 Act note under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Section 404(c)(3), referred to in subsec. (j), is a reference to section 404(c)(3) of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1188, as in effect prior to the general amendment of section 404 by Pub. L. 98–473, and subsequent repeal by Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, §6091(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4328.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–473, §609G(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).

Subsecs. (j), (k). Pub. L. 98–473, §609G(2), (3), redesignated subsec. (k) as (j) and struck out former subsec. (j) relating to State planning agency meeting representation requirement as competent to carry out functions, powers, and duties of State criminal justice council.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–473 effective Oct. 12, 1984, see section 609AA(a) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10101 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

Effective Aug. 1, 2000, all functions of Director of Bureau of Justice Assistance, other than those enumerated in section 10142(3) through (6) of this title, transferred to Assistant Attorney General for Office of Justice Programs, see section 1000(a)(1) [title I, §108(b)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 10141 of this title.

Executive Documents

Law Enforcement Assistance Administration; Closeout of Operations and Transfer of Remaining Functions

The operations of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration were closed out by the Justice Department due to lack of appropriations, and the remaining programs and staff transferred to the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics, effective Apr. 15, 1982, see Notice of Department of Justice, Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics, Apr. 19, 1982, 47 F.R. 16694.

1 See References in Text note below.
34 U.S.C. § 10464 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XX / Section 10464: Regulations or guidelines
Regulations or guidelines
Status: in_force

Not later than 120 days after September 13, 1994, the Attorney General shall publish proposed regulations or guidelines implementing this subchapter. Not later than 180 days after September 13, 1994, the Attorney General shall publish final regulations or guidelines implementing this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2105, formerly §2104, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40231(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1933; renumbered §2105, Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title XV, §1506(1), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 956.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796hh–3 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2105 of Pub. L. 90–351 was renumbered section 2106 and is classified to section 10465 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2022 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.
34 U.S.C. § 21117 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 211 / Subchapter I / Section 21117: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter—

(1) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;

(2) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;

(3) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2011;

(4) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2012;

(5) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2013 1

(6) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2014;

(7) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2015;

(8) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2016;

(9) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2017; and

(10) $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2024.

(b) Availability

Funds appropriated under subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 110–401, title I, §107, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4241; Pub. L. 112–206, §7, Dec. 7, 2012, 126 Stat. 1493; Pub. L. 115–82, §2, Nov. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 1266; Pub. L. 117–262, §2, Dec. 21, 2022, 136 Stat. 2394.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 17617 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 117–262 substituted "2024" for "2022".

2017—Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–82 substituted "each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022" for "fiscal year 2018".

2012—Subsec. (a)(6) to (10). Pub. L. 112–206 added pars. (6) to (10).

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a semicolon.
34 U.S.C. § 12521 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter IV / Section 12521: Increased penalties for drug-dealing in "drug-free" zones
Increased penalties for drug-dealing in "drug-free" zones
Status: in_force

Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, the United States Sentencing Commission shall amend its sentencing guidelines to provide an appropriate enhancement for a defendant convicted of violating section 860 of title 21.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IX, §90102, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1987.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14051 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section is comprised of section 90102 of Pub. L. 103–322 which is also listed in a table relating to sentencing guidelines set out under section 994 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
34 U.S.C. § 20130 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 201 / Subchapter II / Section 20130: Study and reports on barriers to survivors' economic security access
Study and reports on barriers to survivors' economic security access
Status: in_force

(a) Study

The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, shall conduct a study on the barriers that survivors of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking throughout the United States experience in maintaining economic security, including the impact of the COVID–19 pandemic on such victims' ability to maintain economic security, as a result of issues related to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking.

(b) Reports

Not later than 1 year after March 15, 2022, and every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, shall submit a report to Congress on the study conducted under subsection (a).

(c) Contents

The study and reports under this section shall include—

(1) identification of geographic areas in which State laws, regulations, and practices have a strong impact on the ability of survivors of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking to exercise—

(A) any rights under this title (including any amendments made by this title) without compromising personal safety or the safety of others, including family members and excluding the abuser; and

(B) other components of economic security, including financial empowerment, affordable housing, transportation, health care access, credit history, and quality education and training opportunities;

(2) identification of geographic areas with shortages in resources for such survivors, with an accompanying analysis of the extent and impact of such shortage;

(3) analysis of the unique barriers faced by such survivors living in rural communities;

(4) analysis of factors related to industries, workplace settings, employer practices, trends, and other elements that impact the ability of such survivors to exercise any rights under this Act (including any amendments made by this Act) without compromising personal safety or the safety of others, including family members;

(5) the recommendations of the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Labor with respect to resources, oversight, and enforcement tools to ensure successful implementation of the provisions of this Act in order to support the economic security and safety of survivors of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking;

(6) best practices for States, employers, health carriers, insurers, and other private entities in addressing issues related to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; and

(7) barriers that impede victims' ability to pursue legal action, including legal costs and filing fees, and complexities of the jurisdiction of law enforcement agencies.

(Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title VII, §704, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 894.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A), means title VII of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 889, which enacted this section, amended section 12501 of this title and section 602 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 12501 of this title and section 602 of Title 42. For complete classification of title VII to the Code, see Tables.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(4), (5), is div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 840, known as the Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1 of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as a Short Title of 2022 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title, and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as a note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

Definitions

For definitions of terms used in this section, see section 12291 of this title, as made applicable by section 2(b) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, which is set out as a note under section 12291 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 12133 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter II / Section 12133: "Indian tribe" defined
"Indian tribe" defined
Status: in_force

In this part, "Indian tribe" means a tribe, band, pueblo, nation, or other organized group or community of Indians, including an Alaska Native village (as defined in or established under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.),1 that is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §30103, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1838.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 92–203, §2, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13743 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

1 So in original. A closing parenthesis probably should precede the comma.
34 U.S.C. § 10591 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXIX / Section 10591: Grants authorized
Grants authorized
Status: in_force

The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local government, territories, nonprofit organizations, and Indian Tribes to—

(1) develop, implement, and expand comprehensive and clinically-appropriate family-based substance abuse treatment programs as alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent parent drug offenders; and

(2) to 1 provide prison-based family treatment programs for incarcerated parents of minor children or pregnant women.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2921, as added Pub. L. 110–199, title I, §113, Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 674; amended Pub. L. 114–198, title II, §201(c)(1), July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 714; Pub. L. 115–391, title V, §502(b)(1), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5228.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797s of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2018—Par. (1). Pub. L. 115–391 inserted "nonprofit organizations," before "and Indian" in introductory provisions.

2016—Par. (2). Pub. L. 114–198 inserted before period at end "or pregnant women".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Construction of 2008 Amendment

For construction of amendments by Pub. L. 110–199 and requirements for grants made under such amendments, see section 60504 of this title.

1 So in original. The word "to" probably should not appear.
34 U.S.C. § 11214 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 111 / Subchapter III / Section 11214: Grants to private entities; staffing
Grants to private entities; staffing
Status: in_force

Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to deny grants to private entities which are fully controlled by private boards or persons but which in other respects meet the requirements of this subchapter and agree to be legally responsible for the operation of the runaway and homeless youth center and the programs, projects, and activities they carry out under this subchapter. Nothing in this subchapter shall give the Federal Government control over the staffing and personnel decisions of facilities receiving Federal funds under this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 93–415, title III, §314, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1131; Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §654, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2123; renumbered §317 and amended Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §§7271(c)(4), 7275(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4453, 4457; renumbered §314 and amended Pub. L. 102–586, §3(e), (g)(2)(D), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5022, 5025.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5714 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 314 of Pub. L. 93–415 was classified to section 5712b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–586.

Section 315 of title III of Pub. L. 93–415, as added Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7277, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4457, related to authority of the Secretary to make grants for research, demonstration, and service projects, and was classified to section 5712c of Title 42, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–586.

Section 316 of title III of Pub. L. 93–415, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40155, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1922, related to grants for prevention of sexual abuse and exploitation, and was classified to section 5712d of Title 42, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–162.

A prior section 316 of Pub. L. 93–415 was renumbered section 313 of Pub. L. 93–415 and is classified to section 11213 of this title.

Another prior section 316 of Pub. L. 93–415 was renumbered section 372 of Pub. L. 93–415 and is classified to section 11272 of this title.

Another prior section 316 of Pub. L. 93–415 was renumbered section 382 of Pub. L. 93–415 and is classified to section 11274 of this title.

Amendments

1992—Pub. L. 102–586, §3(e), substituted "subchapter" for "part" wherever appearing and inserted "and the programs, projects, and activities they carry out under this subchapter" after "center" and "under this subchapter" before period at end.

1988—Pub. L. 100–690, §7271(c)(4), substituted "runaway and homeless youth center" for "runaway center".

1984—Pub. L. 98–473 amended section catchline and substituted "private entities" for "nonprofit private agencies" and "center" for "house" in text.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–690 effective Oct. 1, 1988, see section 7296(a) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as a note under section 11101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–473 effective Oct. 12, 1984, see section 670(a) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as a note under section 11101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10512 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXIII / Section 10512: Applications
Applications
Status: in_force

To request a grant under this subchapter, the chief executive officer of a State or unit of local government shall submit an application in such form as the Attorney General may require.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2402, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title XXI, §210302(c)(1)(C), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2066.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796kk–1 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 41103 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 411 / Section 41103: Processing of name checks and background records for noncriminal employment, licensing, and humanitarian purposes by INTERPOL
Processing of name checks and background records for noncriminal employment, licensing, and humanitarian purposes by INTERPOL
Status: in_force

For fiscal year 1990 and hereafter the Chief, United States National Central Bureau, INTERPOL, may establish and collect fees to process name checks and background records for noncriminal employment, licensing, and humanitarian purposes and, notwithstanding the provisions of section 3302 of title 31, credit such fees to this appropriation to be used for salaries and other expenses incurred in providing these services.

(Pub. L. 101–162, title II, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 995.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 509 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section is from the Department of Justice Appropriations Act, 1990, and also from the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1990.
34 U.S.C. § 60912 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 609 / Section 60912: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Each agency shall submit an annual report to the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and of the Senate describing actions taken and results achieved under this chapter during the previous year.

(b) Report described

The report described in subsection (a) shall include—

(1) the number of written applications filed with the agency pursuant to section 60901(a) of this title;

(2) the number of extensions granted, and an explanation of reasons provided under section 60901(h) of this title;

(3) the number of full reinvestigations initiated and closed pursuant to section 60903 of this title; and

(4) statistics and individualized information on topics that include identified suspects, arrests, charges, and convictions for reviews under section 60901 of this title and reinvestigations under section 60903 of this title.

(Pub. L. 117–164, §13, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1361.)
34 U.S.C. § 20918 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter I / Section 20918: Periodic in person verification
Periodic in person verification
Status: in_force

A sex offender shall appear in person, allow the jurisdiction to take a current photograph, and verify the information in each registry in which that offender is required to be registered not less frequently than—

(1) each year, if the offender is a tier I sex offender;

(2) every 6 months, if the offender is a tier II sex offender; and

(3) every 3 months, if the offender is a tier III sex offender.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title I, §116, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 595.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16916 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 21101 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 211 / Section 21101: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Child exploitation

The term "child exploitation" means any conduct, attempted conduct, or conspiracy to engage in conduct involving a minor that violates section 1591, chapter 109A, chapter 110, and chapter 117 of title 18 or any sexual activity involving a minor for which any person can be charged with a criminal offense.

(2) Child obscenity

The term "child obscenity" means any visual depiction proscribed by section 1466A of title 18.

(3) Minor

The term "minor" means any person under the age of 18 years.

(4) Sexually explicit conduct

The term "sexually explicit conduct" has the meaning given such term in section 2256 of title 18.

(Pub. L. 110–401, §2, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4229.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 110–401, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4229, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2008 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 17601 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12643 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter XII / Section 12643: Edward Byrne Memorial Formula Grant Program
Edward Byrne Memorial Formula Grant Program
Status: in_force

Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prohibit or exclude the expenditure of appropriations to grant recipients that would have been or are eligible to receive grants under subpart 1 of part E of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 [34 U.S.C. 10151 et seq.].

(Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXII, §320919, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2130.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 103–322, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1796, known as the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 90–351, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 197. The reference to subpart 1 of part E of the Act probably means subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Act which is classified generally to part A (§10151 et seq.) of subchapter V of chapter 101 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1968 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14223 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 11276 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 111 / Subchapter III / Section 11276: Consolidated review of applications
Consolidated review of applications
Status: in_force

With respect to funds available to carry out parts A, B, C, D, and E, nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit the Secretary from—

(1) announcing, in a single announcement, the availability of funds for grants under 2 or more of such parts; and

(2) reviewing applications for grants under 2 or more of such parts in a single, consolidated application review process.

(Pub. L. 93–415, title III, §385, as added Pub. L. 106–71, §3(o), Oct. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1041.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5731a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 385 of Pub. L. 93–415 was renumbered section 388 and is classified to section 11280 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10331 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XIII / Section 10331: Function of Director
Function of Director
Status: in_force

The Director shall provide funds to eligible States and units of local government pursuant to this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1401, as added Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §241(a)(2), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4810.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796aa of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Another section 1401 of Pub. L. 90–351, title IX, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 238, enacted section 3103a of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1401 of Pub. L. 90–351 was renumbered section 2601 and is classified to section 10541 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

Effective Aug. 1, 2000, all functions of Director of Bureau of Justice Assistance, other than those enumerated in section 10142(3) to (6) of this title, transferred to Assistant Attorney General for Office of Justice Programs, see section 1000(a)(1) [title I, §108(b)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 10141 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 50902 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 509 / Section 50902: Best practices and support
Best practices and support
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) First responder

The term "first responder" has the meaning given the term "public safety officer" in section 10284 of this title.

(2) First responder agency

The term "first responder agency" means a Federal, State, local, or Tribal agency that employs or otherwise engages the services of a first responder.

(3) Peer support counseling program

The term "peer support counseling program" means a program provided by a first responder agency that provides counseling services from a peer support specialist to a first responder of the first responder agency.

(4) Peer support participant

The term "peer support participant" means a first responder who receives counseling services from a peer support specialist.

(5) Peer support specialist

The term "peer support specialist" means a first responder who—

(A) has received training in—

(i) peer support counseling; and

(ii) providing emotional and moral support to first responders who have been involved in or exposed to an emotionally traumatic experience in the course of the duties of those first responders; and

(B) is designated by a first responder agency to provide the services described in subparagraph (A).

(b) Report on best practices

Not later than 2 years after November 18, 2021, the Attorney General, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall develop a report on best practices and professional standards for peer support counseling programs for first responder agencies that includes—

(1) advice on—

(A) establishing and operating peer support counseling programs; and

(B) training and certifying peer support specialists;

(2) a code of ethics for peer support specialists;

(3) recommendations for continuing education for peer support specialists;

(4) advice on disclosing to first responders any confidentiality rights of peer support participants; and

(5) information on—

(A) the different types of peer support counseling programs in use by first responder agencies;

(B) any differences in peer support counseling programs offered across categories of first responders; and

(C) the important role senior first responders play in supporting access to mental health resources.

(c) Implementation

The Attorney General shall support and encourage the implementation of peer support counseling programs in first responder agencies by—

(1) making the report developed under subsection (b) publicly available on the website of the Department of Justice; and

(2) providing a list of peer support specialist training programs on the website of the Department of Justice.

(Pub. L. 117–60, §3, Nov. 18, 2021, 135 Stat. 1472.)
34 U.S.C. § 11186 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 111 / Subchapter II / Section 11186: Confidentiality of program records
Confidentiality of program records
Status: in_force

Except as authorized by law, program records containing the identity of individual juveniles gathered for purposes pursuant to this subchapter may not be disclosed without the consent of the service recipient or legally authorized representative, or as may be necessary to carry out this subchapter. Under no circumstances may program reports or findings available for public dissemination contain the actual names of individual service recipients.

(Pub. L. 93–415, title II, §299E, formerly §296, as added Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7266(4), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4450; renumbered §299E, Pub. L. 102–586, §2(i)(1)(B), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5006.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5676 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1988, see section 7296(a) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 11101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 41102 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 411 / Section 41102: Parimutuel licensing simplification
Parimutuel licensing simplification
Status: in_force

(a) In general

An association of State officials regulating parimutuel wagering, designated for the purpose of this section by the Attorney General, may submit fingerprints to the Attorney General on behalf of any applicant for State license to participate in parimutuel wagering. In response to such a submission, the Attorney General may, to the extent provided by law, exchange, for licensing and employment purposes, identification and criminal history records with the State governmental bodies to which such applicant has applied.

(b) Definition

As used in this section, the term "State" means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any territory or possession of the United States.

(Pub. L. 100–413, §2, Aug. 22, 1988, 102 Stat. 1101.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified in a note under section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Effective Date

Pub. L. 100–413, §3, Aug. 22, 1988, 102 Stat. 1101, provided that: "This Act [enacting this section and provisions set out as a note under section 10101 of this title] shall take effect on July 1, 1989."
34 U.S.C. § 12405 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12405: Technical assistance, training, and evaluations
Technical assistance, training, and evaluations
Status: in_force

The Attorney General may provide technical assistance and training in furtherance of the purposes of this part, and may provide for the evaluation of programs that receive funds under this part, in addition to any evaluation requirements that the Attorney General may prescribe for grantees. The technical assistance, training, and evaluations authorized by this section may be carried out directly by the Attorney General, or through contracts or other arrangements with other entities.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40606, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1952.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14035 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10581 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXVIII / Section 10581: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-391, title V, §504(g)(2), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5234
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-391, title V, §504(g)(2), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5234
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2901, as added Pub. L. 114–255, div. B, title XIV, §14013, Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1298, related to mental health and drug treatment alternatives to incarceration programs.

Section was formerly classified to section 3797q of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

A prior section 2901 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, as added Pub. L. 110–199, title I, §112(a), Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 672, authorized the Attorney General to make grants for qualified drug treatment programs as alternatives to imprisonment, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–255, div. B, title XIV, §14013, Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1298.
34 U.S.C. § 20945 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter I / Section 20945: Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking
Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established within the Department of Justice, under the general authority of the Attorney General, an Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "SMART Office").

(b) Director

The SMART Office shall be headed by a Director who shall be appointed by the President. The Director shall report to the Attorney General through the Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Justice Programs and shall have final authority for all grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts awarded by the SMART Office. The Director shall not engage in any employment other than that of serving as the Director, nor shall the Director hold any office in, or act in any capacity for, any organization, agency, or institution with which the Office makes any contract or other arrangement.

(c) Duties and functions

The SMART Office is authorized to—

(1) administer the standards for the sex offender registration and notification program set forth in this chapter;

(2) administer grant programs relating to sex offender registration and notification authorized by this chapter and other grant programs authorized by this chapter as directed by the Attorney General;

(3) cooperate with and provide technical assistance to States, units of local government, tribal governments, and other public and private entities involved in activities related to sex offender registration or notification or to other measures for the protection of children or other members of the public from sexual abuse or exploitation; and

(4) perform such other functions as the Attorney General may delegate.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title I, §146, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 607.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), (2), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 109–248, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 587, known as the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2006 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16945 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10752 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XLI / Section 10752: Applications
Applications
Status: in_force

(a) In general

To request a grant under this subchapter, the chief executive of a State, Indian Tribe, unit of local government, or community-based non-profit organization shall submit an application to the Attorney General—

(1) in such form and containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require;

(2) that includes assurances that Federal funds received under this subchapter shall be used to supplement, not supplant, non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for activities funded under this subchapter; and

(3) that describes the coordination between State, Tribal, or local criminal and juvenile justice agencies, mental health agencies and community-based behavioral health providers, preliminary qualified offenders, and family and community members in—

(A) program design;

(B) program implementation; and

(C) training on crisis response, medication adherence, and continuity of recovery in the community.

(b) Eligibility for preference with community care component

(1) In general

In awarding grants under this subchapter, the Attorney General shall give preference to a State, Indian Tribe, unit of local government, or community-based nonprofit organization that ensures that individuals who participate in a program, funded by a grant under this subchapter will be provided with continuity of care, in accordance with paragraph (2), in a community care provider program upon release from a correctional facility and adopt policies that focus on programming, strategies, and educational components for reducing recidivism and probation violations.

(2) Requirements

For purposes of paragraph (1), the continuity of care shall involve the coordination of the correctional facility treatment program with qualified community behavioral health providers and other recovery supports, pre-trial release programs, parole supervision programs, half-way house programs, and participation in peer recovery group programs, which may aid in ongoing recovery after the individual is released from the correctional facility.

(3) Community care provider program defined

For purposes of this subsection, the term "community care provider program" means a community mental health center or certified community behavioral health clinic that directly provides to an individual, or assists in connecting an individual to the provision of, appropriate community-based treatment, medication management, and other recovery supports, when the individual leaves a correctional facility at the end of a sentence or on parole.

(c) Coordination of Federal assistance

Each application submitted for a grant under this subchapter shall include a description of how the funds made available under this subchapter will be coordinated with Federal assistance for behavioral health services currently provided by the Department of Health and Human Services' Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §3052, as added Pub. L. 116–281, §2(a), Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3383.)
34 U.S.C. § 20903 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter I / Section 20903: Tribal registry
Tribal registry
Status: in_force

(1) Establishment

The Attorney General shall contract with any interested Indian tribe, tribal organization, or tribal nonprofit organization to develop and maintain—

(A) a national tribal sex offender registry; and

(B) a tribal protection order registry containing civil and criminal orders of protection issued by Indian tribes and participating jurisdictions.

(2) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018, to remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 109–162, title IX, §905(b), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3080; Pub. L. 113–4, title IX, §907(b), Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 125.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of subsec. (b) of section 905 of Pub. L. 109–162. Subsec. (a) of section 905 of Pub. L. 109–162 amended section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section was enacted as part of the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005, and not as part of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act which comprises this subchapter, or as part of the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 which comprises this chapter.

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2013—Par. (2). Pub. L. 113–4 substituted "fiscal years 2014 through 2018" for "fiscal years 2007 through 2011".
34 U.S.C. § 10306 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XI / Section 10306: Special rule
Special rule
Status: in_force

(a) Retroactive eligibility

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a spouse or child of a Federal law enforcement officer killed in the line of duty on or after January 1, 1978,,1 and a spouse or child of a public safety officer killed in the line of duty on or after January 1, 1978, shall be eligible for assistance under this part, subject to the other limitations of this part.

(b) Retroactive assistance

The Attorney General shall (unless prospective assistance has been provided) provide retroactive assistance to a person eligible under this section for each month in which the person pursued a program of education at an eligible educational institution. The Attorney General shall apply the limitations contained in this part to retroactive assistance.

(c) Prospective assistance

The Attorney General may provide prospective assistance to a person eligible under this section on the same basis as assistance to a person otherwise eligible. In applying the limitations on assistance under this part, the Attorney General shall include assistance provided retroactively. A person eligible under this section may waive retroactive assistance and apply only for prospective assistance on the same basis as a person otherwise eligible.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1216, as added Pub. L. 104–238, §2(2), Oct. 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 3115; amended Pub. L. 105–390, §2(5), Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3496; Pub. L. 106–276, §1(a), Oct. 2, 2000, 114 Stat. 812; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, §1086(b)(1)(G), (J), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1968; Pub. L. 117–61, §5, Nov. 18, 2021, 135 Stat. 1479.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796d–5 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–61 substituted "shall (unless prospective assistance has been provided)" for "may".

2013—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–239, §1086(b)(1)(J)(i), substituted "a spouse or child" for "each dependent" in two places.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–239, §1086(b)(1)(G), (J)(ii), substituted "to a person" for "to dependents" and "the person" for "the dependent".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–239, §1086(b)(1)(G), (J)(ii), substituted "A person" for "A dependent" and substituted "a person" for "dependents" wherever appearing.

2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–276 substituted "January 1, 1978," for "May 1, 1992" and "January 1, 1978, shall" for "October 1, 1997, shall".

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–390 inserted "and each dependent of a public safety officer killed in the line of duty on or after October 1, 1997," after "1992,".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2021 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 117–61 effective Nov. 18, 2021, and applicable to any matter pending, before the Bureau or otherwise, on Nov. 18, 2021, or filed (consistent with pre-existing effective dates) or accruing after that date, see section 8(a) and (b)(2) of Pub. L. 117–61, set out in a note under section 10281 of this title.

Effective Date of 2013 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 112–239 effective Jan. 2, 2013, and applicable to matters pending on Jan. 2, 2013, or filed or accruing after that date, with certain exceptions, see section 1086(d) of Pub. L. 112–239, set out as a note under section 10251 of this title.

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Pub. L. 106–276, §1(b), Oct. 2, 2000, 114 Stat. 812, provided that: "The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect October 1, 1999."

1 So in original.
34 U.S.C. § 41304 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 413 / Section 41304: Family and domestic violence: data collection and reporting
Family and domestic violence: data collection and reporting
Status: in_force

(a) Family violence reporting

Under the authority of section 534 of title 28, the Attorney General shall require, and include in uniform crime reports, data that indicate—

(1) the age of the victim; and

(2) the relationship of the victim to the offender, for crimes of murder, aggravated assault, simple assault, rape, sexual offenses, and offenses against children.

(b) National Crime Survey

The Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, through the annual National Crime Survey, shall collect and publish data that more accurately measures the extent of domestic violence in America, especially the physical and sexual abuse of children and the elderly.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated in fiscal years 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992, such sums as are necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.

(Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7609, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4517.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10301 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XI / Section 10301: Purposes
Purposes
Status: in_force

The purposes of this part are—

(1) to enhance the appeal of service in public safety agencies;

(2) to extend the benefits of higher education to qualified and deserving persons who, by virtue of the death of or total disability of an eligible officer, may not be able to afford it otherwise; and

(3) to allow the family members of eligible officers to attain the vocational and educational status which they would have attained had a parent or spouse not been killed or disabled in the line of duty.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1211, as added Pub. L. 104–238, §2(2), Oct. 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 3114; amended Pub. L. 105–390, §2(2), Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3495.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796d of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

1998—Par. (1). Pub. L. 105–390 substituted "public safety" for "civilian Federal law enforcement".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of Pub. L. 104–238, which enacted this subchapter, as the "Federal Law Enforcement Dependents Assistance Act of 1996", see section 1 of Pub. L. 104–238, set out as a Short Title of 1996 Act note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 12443 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12443: Eligible entities
Eligible entities
Status: in_force

Entities eligible for grants under this part include—

(1) jurisdictions or agencies within jurisdictions having authority or responsibility for developing or maintaining public databases, registries or victim notification systems;

(2) nonprofit nongovernmental victim advocacy organizations having expertise regarding confidentiality, privacy, and information technology and how these issues are likely to impact the safety of victims;

(3) States or State agencies;

(4) local governments or agencies;

(5) Indian tribal governments or tribal organizations;

(6) territorial governments, agencies, or organizations; or

(7) nonprofit nongovernmental victim advocacy organizations, including statewide domestic violence and sexual assault coalitions.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §41103, as added Pub. L. 109–162, title I, §107, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 2983.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14043b–2 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 40721 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 407 / Subchapter II / Section 40721: Report to Congress on plans to modify CODIS system
Report to Congress on plans to modify CODIS system
Status: in_force

If the Department of Justice plans to modify or supplement the core genetic markers needed for compatibility with the CODIS system, it shall notify the Judiciary Committee of the Senate and the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives in writing not later than 180 days before any change is made and explain the reasons for such change.

(Pub. L. 108–405, title II, §203(f), Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2271.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of subsec. (f) of section 203 of Pub. L. 108–405. For complete classification of section 203, see Tables.

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 531 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 30308 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 303 / Section 30308: Requirement that accreditation organizations adopt accreditation standards
Requirement that accreditation organizations adopt accreditation standards
Status: in_force

(a) Eligibility for Federal grants

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an organization responsible for the accreditation of Federal, State, local, or private prisons, jails, or other penal facilities may not receive any new Federal grants during any period in which such organization fails to meet any of the requirements of subsection (b).

(b) Requirements

To be eligible to receive Federal grants, an accreditation organization referred to in subsection (a) must meet the following requirements:

(1) At all times after 90 days after September 4, 2003, the organization shall have in effect, for each facility that it is responsible for accrediting, accreditation standards for the detection, prevention, reduction, and punishment of prison rape.

(2) At all times after 1 year after the date of the adoption of the final rule under section 30307(a)(4) of this title, the organization shall, in addition to any other such standards that it may promulgate relevant to the detection, prevention, reduction, and punishment of prison rape, adopt accreditation standards consistent with the national standards adopted pursuant to such final rule.

(Pub. L. 108–79, §9, Sept. 4, 2003, 117 Stat. 987.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 15608 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 40726 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 407 / Subchapter II / Section 40726: DNA identification of missing persons
DNA identification of missing persons
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Attorney General shall make grants to promote the use of forensic DNA technology to identify missing persons and unidentified human remains.

(b) Requirement

Each State or unit of local government that receives funding under this section shall be required to submit the DNA profiles of such missing persons and unidentified human remains to the National Missing Persons DNA Database of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021 to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 108–405, title III, §308, Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2275; Pub. L. 114–324, §8(c), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1954.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14136d of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2016—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–324 substituted "fiscal years 2017 through 2021" for "fiscal years 2005 through 2009".
34 U.S.C. § 60911 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 609 / Section 60911: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1) The term "designated person" means an immediate family member or someone similarly situated, as defined by the Attorney General.

(2) The term "immediate family member" means a parent, parent-in-law, grandparent, grandparent-in-law, sibling, spouse, child, or step-child of a murder victim.

(3) The term "victim" means a natural person who died as a result of a cold case murder.

(4) The term "murder" means any criminal offense under section 1111(a) of title 18 or any offense the elements of which are substantially identical to such section.

(5) The term "agency" means a Federal law enforcement entity with jurisdiction to engage in the detection, investigation, or prosecution of a cold case murder.

(6) The term "cold case murder" means a murder—

(A) committed more than three years prior to the date of an application by a designated person under section 60901(a) of this title;

(B) previously investigated by a Federal law enforcement entity;

(C) for which all probative investigative leads have been exhausted; and

(D) for which no likely perpetrator has been identified.

(Pub. L. 117–164, §12, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1361.)
34 U.S.C. § 12373 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12373: Cooperation in developing programs in making grants under this part
Cooperation in developing programs in making grants under this part
Status: in_force

The State Justice Institute shall ensure that model programs carried out pursuant to grants made under this part are developed with the participation of law enforcement officials, public and private nonprofit victim advocates, including national, State, tribal, and local domestic violence and sexual assault programs and coalitions, legal experts, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and recognized experts on gender bias in the courts.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40413, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1944; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, §1406(c)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1516.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13993 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2000—Pub. L. 106–386 inserted ", including national, State, tribal, and local domestic violence and sexual assault programs and coalitions" after "victim advocates".
34 U.S.C. § 41507 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 415 / Section 41507: National Gang Intelligence Center
National Gang Intelligence Center
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Attorney General shall establish a National Gang Intelligence Center and gang information database to be housed at and administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation to collect, analyze, and disseminate gang activity information from—

(1) the Federal Bureau of Investigation;

(2) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives;

(3) the Drug Enforcement Administration;

(4) the Bureau of Prisons;

(5) the United States Marshals Service;

(6) the Directorate of Border and Transportation Security of the Department of Homeland Security;

(7) the Department of Housing and Urban Development;

(8) the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs;

(9) tribal, State, and local law enforcement;

(10) Federal, tribal, State, and local prosecutors;

(11) Federal, tribal, State, and local probation and parole offices;

(12) Federal, tribal, State, and local prisons and jails; and

(13) any other entity as appropriate.

(b) Information

The Center established under subsection (a) shall make available the information referred to in subsection (a) to—

(1) Federal, tribal, State, and local law enforcement agencies;

(2) Federal, tribal, State, and local corrections agencies and penal institutions;

(3) Federal, tribal, State, and local prosecutorial agencies; and

(4) any other entity as appropriate.

(c) Annual report

The Center established under subsection (a) shall annually submit to Congress a report on gang activity.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2006 and for each fiscal year thereafter.

(Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1107, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3093; Pub. L. 111–211, title II, §251(a), July 29, 2010, 124 Stat. 2297.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2010—Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 111–211, §251(a)(1)(A), (B), added par. (8) and redesignated former par. (8) as (9).

Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 111–211, §251(a)(1)(A), (C), redesignated par. (8) as (9) and substituted "tribal, State," for "State". Former par. (9) redesignated (10).

Subsec. (a)(10) to (12). Pub. L. 111–211, §251(a)(1)(A), (D), redesignated pars. (9) to (11) as (10) to (12), respectively, and inserted "tribal," before "State," wherever appearing. Former par. (12) redesignated (13).

Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 111–211, §251(a)(1)(A), redesignated par. (12) as (13).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–211, §251(a)(2), inserted "tribal," before "State," wherever appearing.
34 U.S.C. § 10157 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter V / Section 10157: Reserved funds
Reserved funds
Status: reserved

(a) Of the total amount made available to carry out this part for a fiscal year, the Attorney General shall reserve not more than—

(1) $20,000,000, for use by the National Institute of Justice in assisting units of local government to identify, select, develop, modernize, and purchase new technologies for use by law enforcement, of which $1,000,000 shall be for use by the Bureau of Justice Statistics to collect data necessary for carrying out this part; and

(2) $20,000,000, to be granted by the Attorney General to States and units of local government to develop and implement antiterrorism training programs.

(b) Of the total amount made available to carry out this part for a fiscal year, the Attorney General may reserve not more than 5 percent, to be granted to 1 or more States or units of local government, for 1 or more of the purposes specified in section 10152 of this title, pursuant to his determination that the same is necessary—

(1) to combat, address, or otherwise respond to precipitous or extraordinary increases in crime, or in a type or types of crime; or

(2) to prevent, compensate for, or mitigate significant programmatic harm resulting from operation of the formula established under section 10156 of this title.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §506, as added Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1111(a)(2)(C), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3100.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3756 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 506 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, as added Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, §6091(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4334; amended Pub. L. 101–162, title II, §212, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 998, 1006; Pub. L. 101–302, title III, §320(c)(1), May 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 248; Pub. L. 101–647, title XVIII, §1804, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4851; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330001(a), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2138; Pub. L. 107–273, div. A, title II, §203(a)(2), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1775, related to allocation and distribution of funds under formula grants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1111(a)(1), (d), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3094, 3102, applicable with respect to the first fiscal year beginning after Jan. 5, 2006, and each fiscal year thereafter. See section 10156(a) of this title.

Another prior section 506 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, formerly §606, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1197; renumbered §506 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §608(d), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2087, related to period for award of discretionary grants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, §6091(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4328.

Another prior section 506 of Pub. L. 90–351, title I, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 205, amended section 5316 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section applicable with respect to the first fiscal year beginning after Jan. 5, 2006, and each fiscal year thereafter, see section 1111(d) of Pub. L. 109–162, set out as an Effective Date of 2006 Amendment note under section 10151 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 50701 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 507 / Section 50701: Information on suicide in law enforcement
Information on suicide in law enforcement
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

Not later than 1 year after June 16, 2020, the Attorney General, acting through the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall establish, for the purpose of preventing future law enforcement suicides and promoting understanding of suicide in law enforcement, the Law Enforcement Officers Suicide Data Collection Program, under which law enforcement agencies may submit to the Director information on suicides and attempted suicides within such law enforcement agencies, including information on—

(1) the circumstances and events that occurred before each suicide or attempted suicide;

(2) the general location of each suicide or attempted suicide;

(3) the demographic information of each law enforcement officer who commits or attempts suicide;

(4) the occupational category, including criminal investigator, corrections officer, line of duty officer, 911 dispatch operator, of each law enforcement officer who commits or attempts suicide; and

(5) the method used in each suicide or attempted suicide.

(b) Policies

The Federal Bureau of Investigation shall work with the Confidentiality and Data Access Committee of the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology to develop publication policies to manage the risk of identity disclosure based upon the best practices identified by other Federal statistical programs.

(c) Report

Not later than 2 years after June 16, 2020, and annually thereafter, the Attorney General, acting through the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall submit to Congress and publish on the website of the Federal Bureau of Investigation a report containing the information submitted to the Director pursuant to subsection (a).

(d) Confidentiality

The report described under subsection (c) may not include any personally identifiable information of a law enforcement officer who commits or attempts suicide.

(e) Definitions

In this section—

(1) the term "law enforcement agency" means a Federal, State, Tribal, or local agency engaged in the prevention, detection, or investigation, prosecution, or adjudication of any violation of the criminal laws of the United States, a State, Tribal, or a political subdivision of a State;

(2) the term "law enforcement officer" means any current or former officer (including a correctional officer), agent, or employee of the United States, a State, Indian Tribe, or a political subdivision of a State authorized by law to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, investigation, or prosecution of any violation of the criminal laws of the United States, a State, Indian Tribe, or a political subdivision of a State; and

(3) the term "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.

(Pub. L. 116–143, §2, June 16, 2020, 134 Stat. 644.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of Pub. L. 116–143, which is classified to this chapter, as the "Law Enforcement Suicide Data Collection Act", see section 1 of Pub. L. 116–143, set out as a Short Title of 2020 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 60702 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 607 / Section 60702: Establishment
Establishment
Status: in_force

The Attorney General of the United States is authorized to establish and carry out a program, to be known as the "Project Safe Neighborhoods Block Grant Program" within the Office of Justice Programs at the Department of Justice.

(Pub. L. 115–185, §3, June 18, 2018, 132 Stat. 1485.)
34 U.S.C. § 12496 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12496: Training and technical assistance grants
Training and technical assistance grants
Status: in_force

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to be used for training and technical assistance to support the implementation of this subpart, including technical assistance agreements with entities whose primary purpose and expertise is assisting survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence or providing culturally specific services to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §41416, as added Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title VI, §605(d), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 887.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title VI, §605(d), which directed the addition of this section to chapter 2 of subtitle N of title IV of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12491 et seq.), was executed by adding this section to chapter 2 of subtitle N of title IV of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as a note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.
34 U.S.C. § 20333 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 203 / Subchapter III / Section 20333: Specialized technical assistance and training programs
Specialized technical assistance and training programs
Status: in_force

(a) Grants to develop model programs

(1) The Administrator shall make grants to national organizations to develop 1 or more model technical assistance and training programs to improve the judicial system's handling of child abuse and neglect cases.

(2) An organization to which a grant is made pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be one that has broad membership among juvenile and family court judges and has demonstrated experience in providing training and technical assistance for judges, attorneys, child welfare personnel, and lay child advocates.

(b) Grants to juvenile and family courts

(1) In order to improve the judicial system's handling of child abuse and neglect cases, the Administrator shall make grants to State courts or judicial administrators for programs that provide or contract for, the implementation of—

(A) training and technical assistance to judicial personnel and attorneys in juvenile and family courts; and

(B) administrative reform in juvenile and family courts.

(2) The criteria established for the making of grants pursuant to paragraph (1) shall give priority to programs that improve—

(A) procedures for determining whether child service agencies have made reasonable efforts to prevent placement of children in foster care;

(B) procedures for determining whether child service agencies have, after placement of children in foster care, made reasonable efforts to reunite the family;

(C) procedures for coordinating information and services among health professionals, social workers, law enforcement professionals, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and juvenile and family court personnel, consistent with subchapter I; and

(D) procedures for improving the judicial response to children who are vulnerable to human trafficking, to the extent an appropriate screening tool exists.

(c) Grant criteria

The Administrator shall make grants under subsections (a) and (b) consistent with sections 11172, 11183, and 11186 of this title.

(Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §223, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4797; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, §12221(b)(1)(D), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1894; Pub. L. 115–393, title V, §503, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5277; Pub. L. 115–424, §2(h)(5), Jan. 7, 2019, 132 Stat. 5470.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13023 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section. Some section numbers or references in amendment notes below reflect the classification of such sections or references prior to editorial reclassification.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–424 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to sections 11183 and 11186 of this title.

2018—Subsec. (b)(2)(D). Pub. L. 115–393 added subpar. (D).

2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–273 substituted "sections 5666, 5673, and 5676 of this title" for "section 5665a, 5673, and 5676 of this title".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–273 effective on the first day of the first fiscal year that begins after Nov. 2, 2002, and applicable only with respect to fiscal years beginning on or after the first day of the first fiscal year that begins after Nov. 2, 2002, see section 12223 of Pub. L. 107–273, as amended, set out as a note under section 11101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 60502 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 605 / Section 60502: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this Act—

(1) the term "exoneree" means an individual who—

(A) has been convicted of a Federal, tribal, or State offense that is punishable by a term of imprisonment of more than 1 year;

(B) has served a term of imprisonment for not less than 6 months in a Federal, tribal, or State prison or correctional facility as a result of the conviction described in subparagraph (A); and

(C) has been determined to be factually innocent of the offense described in subparagraph (A);

(2) the term "Indian tribe" has the meaning given in section 10251 of this title;

(3) the term "offender" includes an exoneree; and

(4) the term "Transitional Jobs strategy" means an employment strategy for youth and adults who are chronically unemployed or those that have barriers to employment that—

(A) is conducted by State, tribal, and local governments, State, tribal, and local workforce boards, and nonprofit organizations;

(B) provides time-limited employment using individual placements, team placements, and social enterprise placements, without displacing existing employees;

(C) pays wages in accordance with applicable law, but in no event less than the higher of the rate specified in section 206(a)(1) of title 29 or the applicable State or local minimum wage law, which are subsidized, in whole or in part, by public funds;

(D) combines time-limited employment with activities that promote skill development, remove barriers to employment, and lead to unsubsidized employment such as a thorough orientation and individual assessment, job readiness and life skills training, case management and supportive services, adult education and training, child support-related services, job retention support and incentives, and other similar activities;

(E) places participants into unsubsidized employment; and

(F) provides job retention, re-employment services, and continuing and vocational education to ensure continuing participation in unsubsidized employment and identification of opportunities for advancement.

(Pub. L. 110–199, §4, Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 660; Pub. L. 115–391, title V, §502(g)(1), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5231.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 110–199, Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 657, known as the Second Chance Act of 2007: Community Safety Through Recidivism Prevention and also as the Second Chance Act of 2007. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2008 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 17502 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–391 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "In this Act, the term 'Indian Tribe' has the meaning given that term in section 10251 of this title."
34 U.S.C. § 60904 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 609 / Section 60904: Consultation and updates
Consultation and updates
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The agency shall consult with the designated person who filed the written application pursuant to section 60901 of this title and provide him or her with periodic updates during the case file review and full reinvestigation.

(b) Explanation of conclusion

The agency shall meet with the designated person and discuss the evidence to explain to the designated person who filed the written application pursuant to section 60901 of this title its decision whether or not to engage in the full reinvestigation provided for under section 60903 of this title at the conclusion of the case file review.

(Pub. L. 117–164, §5, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1359.)
34 U.S.C. § 50112 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 501 / Section 50112: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) Assistance in form of funds

There is authorized to be appropriated $20,000,000 for each fiscal year ending after September 30, 2022, to provide under this chapter Federal law enforcement assistance in the form of funds.

(b) Assistance other than funds

There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year ending after September 30, 1984, such sums as may be necessary to provide under this chapter Federal law enforcement assistance other than funds.

(Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §609Y, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2107; Pub. L. 114–198, title II, §201(b), July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 714; Pub. L. 115–401, §3, Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5342.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 10513 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–401 substituted "September 30, 2022" for "September 30, 2021".

2016—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–198 substituted "September 30, 2021" for "September 30, 1984".
34 U.S.C. § 10561 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXVII / Section 10561: Grant authorization
Grant authorization
Status: in_force

The Attorney General shall award grants to States and units of local government in accordance with this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2801, as added Pub. L. 106–561, §2(c)(1), Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2788; amended Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title V, §5001(b)(1), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1813.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797j of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2002—Pub. L. 107–273 inserted "and units of local government" after "States".
34 U.S.C. § 10632 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXXI / Section 10632: State reentry project evaluation
State reentry project evaluation
Status: in_force

(a) Evaluation

The Attorney General shall evaluate the demonstration projects authorized by section 10631 of this title to determine their effectiveness.

(b) Report

Not later than April 30, 2005, the Attorney General shall submit a report to the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Senate containing—

(1) the findings of the evaluation required by subsection (a); and

(2) any recommendations the Attorney General has with regard to expanding, changing, or eliminating the demonstration projects.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2977, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title II, §2421(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1802.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797w–1 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 50301 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 503 / Section 50301: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1) Federal agency head

The term "Federal agency head" means the head of any executive, legislative, or judicial branch Government entity that employs Federal law enforcement officers.

(2) Federal Board

The term "Federal Board" means the Federal Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery Board established under section 50313(a) of this title.

(3) Federal Board members

The term "Federal Board members" means the members of the Federal Board appointed under section 50313(c) of this title.

(4) Federal Law Enforcement Badge

The term "Federal Law Enforcement Badge" means the Federal Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery described in section 50311 of this title.

(5) Federal law enforcement officer

The term "Federal law enforcement officer"—

(A) means a Federal employee—

(i) who has statutory authority to make arrests or apprehensions;

(ii) who is authorized by the agency of the employee to carry firearms; and

(iii) whose duties are primarily—

(I) engagement in or supervision of the prevention, detection, investigation, or prosecution of, or the incarceration of any person for, any violation of law; or

(II) the protection of Federal, State, local, or foreign government officials against threats to personal safety; and

(B) includes a law enforcement officer employed by the Amtrak Police Department or Federal Reserve.

(6) Office

The term "Office" means the Congressional Badge of Bravery Office established under section 50331(a) of this title.

(7) State and Local Board

The term "State and Local Board" means the State and Local Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery Board established under section 50323(a) of this title.

(8) State and Local Board members

The term "State and Local Board members" means the members of the State and Local Board appointed under section 50323(c) of this title.

(9) State and Local Law Enforcement Badge

The term "State and Local Law Enforcement Badge" means the State and Local Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery described in section 50321 of this title.

(10) State or local agency head

The term "State or local agency head" means the head of any executive, legislative, or judicial branch entity of a State or local government that employs State or local law enforcement officers.

(11) State or local law enforcement officer

The term "State or local law enforcement officer" means an employee of a State or local government—

(A) who has statutory authority to make arrests or apprehensions;

(B) who is authorized by the agency of the employee to carry firearms; and

(C) whose duties are primarily—

(i) engagement in or supervision of the prevention, detection, investigation, or prosecution of, or the incarceration of any person for, any violation of law; or

(ii) the protection of Federal, State, local, or foreign government officials against threats to personal safety.

(Pub. L. 110–298, §2, July 31, 2008, 122 Stat. 2985.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 15231 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of Pub. L. 110–298, which is classified to this chapter, as the "Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery Act of 2008", see section 1 of Pub. L. 110–298, set out as a Short Title of 2008 Act note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10478 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXI / Section 10478: Technical assistance, training, and evaluation
Technical assistance, training, and evaluation
Status: in_force

(a) Technical assistance and training

The Attorney General may provide technical assistance and training in furtherance of the purposes of this subchapter.

(b) Evaluations

In addition to any evaluation requirements that may be prescribed for grantees, the Attorney General may carry out or make arrangements for evaluations of programs that receive support under this subchapter.

(c) Administration

The technical assistance, training, and evaluations authorized by this section may be carried out directly by the Attorney General, in collaboration with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, or through grants, contracts, or other cooperative arrangements with other entities.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2208, as added Pub. L. 106–515, §3(a), Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2402.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796ii–7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2208 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title V, §50001(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1957, required reports by entities receiving funds, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–134, title I, §101[(a)] [title I, §114(b)(1)(A)], Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321, 1321–21; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104–140, §1(a), May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327.
34 U.S.C. § 10303 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XI / Section 10303: Applications; approval
Applications; approval
Status: in_force

(a) Application

A person seeking assistance under this part shall submit an application to the Attorney General in such form and containing such information as the Attorney General reasonably may require.

(b) Approval

The Attorney General shall approve an application for assistance under this part unless the Attorney General finds that—

(1) the person is not eligible for, is no longer eligible for, or is not entitled to the assistance for which application is made;

(2) the person's selected educational institution fails to meet a requirement under this part for eligibility;

(3) the person's enrollment in or pursuit of the educational program selected would fail to meet the criteria established in this part for programs; or

(4) the person already is qualified by previous education or training for the educational, professional, or vocational objective for which the educational program is offered.

(c) Notification

The Attorney General shall notify a person applying for assistance under this part of approval or disapproval of the application in writing.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1213, as added Pub. L. 104–238, §2(2), Oct. 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 3115; amended Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, §1086(b)(1)(G), (I), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1968.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796d–2 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2013—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–239 substituted "person" for "dependent" in pars. (1) and (4) and "person's" for "dependent's" in pars. (2) and (3).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–239, §1086(b)(1)(G), substituted "person" for "dependent".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2013 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 112–239 effective Jan. 2, 2013, and applicable to matters pending on Jan. 2, 2013, or filed or accruing after that date, with certain exceptions, see section 1086(d) of Pub. L. 112–239, set out as a note under section 10251 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 20987 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter III / Section 20987: Grants for online child safety programs
Grants for online child safety programs
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Attorney General shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, make grants to States, units of local government, and nonprofit organizations for the purposes of establishing and maintaining programs with respect to improving and educating children and parents in the best ways for children to be safe when on the Internet.

(b) Definition of State

For purposes of this section, the term "State" means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as are necessary for fiscal years 2007 through 2011.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title VI, §630, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 640.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16987 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 60705 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 607 / Section 60705: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Attorney General to carry out the Program $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2021.

(Pub. L. 115–185, §6, June 18, 2018, 132 Stat. 1486.)
34 U.S.C. § 12392 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12392: Enforcement of statutory rape laws
Enforcement of statutory rape laws
Status: in_force

(a) Sense of Senate

It is the sense of the Senate that States and local jurisdictions should aggressively enforce statutory rape laws.

(b) Justice Department program on statutory rape

Not later than January 1, 1997, the Attorney General shall establish and implement a program that—

(1) studies the linkage between statutory rape and teenage pregnancy, particularly by predatory older men committing repeat offenses; and

(2) educates State and local criminal law enforcement officials on the prevention and prosecution of statutory rape, focusing in particular on the commission of statutory rape by predatory older men committing repeat offenses, and any links to teenage pregnancy.

(c) Violence against women initiative

The Attorney General shall ensure that the Department of Justice's Violence Against Women initiative addresses the issue of statutory rape, particularly the commission of statutory rape by predatory older men committing repeat offenses.

(Pub. L. 104–193, title IX, §906, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2349.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14016 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section was enacted as part of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, and not as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 which enacted this chapter.
34 U.S.C. § 20961 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter I / Section 20961: Access to national crime information databases
Access to national crime information databases
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Attorney General shall ensure access to the national crime information databases (as defined in section 534 of title 28) by—

(1) the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, to be used only within the scope of the Center's duties and responsibilities under Federal law to assist or support law enforcement agencies in administration of criminal justice functions; and

(2) governmental social service agencies with child protection responsibilities, to be used by such agencies only in investigating or responding to reports of child abuse, neglect, or exploitation.

(b) Conditions of access

The access provided under this section, and associated rules of dissemination, shall be—

(1) defined by the Attorney General; and

(2) limited to personnel of the Center or such agencies that have met all requirements set by the Attorney General, including training, certification, and background screening.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title I, §151, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 608.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16961 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 40914 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 409 / Subchapter I / Section 40914: Penalties for noncompliance
Penalties for noncompliance
Status: in_force

(a) Attorney General report

(1) In general

Not later than January 31 of each year, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report on the progress of the States in automating the databases containing information described under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title, and in providing that information pursuant to the requirements of sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.

(2) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of Justice, such funds as may be necessary to carry out paragraph (1).

(b) Penalties

(1) Discretionary reduction

(A) During the 2-year period beginning 3 years after January 8, 2008, the Attorney General may withhold not more than 3 percent of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to a State under section 10156 of this title if the State provides less than 50 percent of the records required to be provided under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.

(B) During the 5-year period after the expiration of the period referred to in subparagraph (A), the Attorney General may withhold not more than 4 percent of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to a State under section 10156 of this title if the State provides less than 70 percent of the records required to be provided under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.

(2) Mandatory reduction

After the expiration of the periods referred to in paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall withhold 5 percent of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to a State under section 10156 of this title, if the State provides less than 90 percent of the records required to be provided under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.

(3) Waiver by Attorney General

The Attorney General may waive the applicability of paragraph (2) to a State if the State provides substantial evidence, as determined by the Attorney General, that the State is making a reasonable effort to comply with the requirements of sections 40912 and 40913 of this title, including an inability to comply due to court order or other legal restriction.

(c) Reallocation

Any funds that are not allocated to a State because of the failure of the State to comply with the requirements of this chapter shall be reallocated to States that meet such requirements.

(d) Methodology

The method established to calculate the number of records to be reported, as set forth in section 40912(b)(1)(A) of this title, and State compliance with the required level of reporting under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title shall be determined by the Attorney General. The Attorney General shall calculate the methodology based on the total number of records to be reported from all subcategories of records, as described in section 40912(b)(1)(C) of this title.

(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, §104, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2568.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10402 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XVII / Section 10402: Tribal grant program authorized
Tribal grant program authorized
Status: in_force

(a) In general

From the amount reserved under section 1810(b),1 the Attorney General shall make grants to Indian tribes for programs to strengthen tribal juvenile justice systems and to hold tribal youth accountable.

(b) Eligibility

Indian tribes, as defined by section 5130 of title 25, or a consortia of such tribes, shall submit to the Attorney General an application in such form and containing such information as the Attorney General may require. Only tribes that carry out tribal juvenile justice functions shall be eligible to receive a grant under this section.

(c) Awards

The Attorney General shall award grants under this section on a competitive basis.

(d) Guidelines

The Attorney General shall issue guidelines establishing application, use, and award criteria and processes consistent with the purposes and requirements of this Act.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1801A, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, §12102(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1861.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1810(b), referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1810(b) of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, as added by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, §12102(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1868, which was classified to section 3796ee–10 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 90–351, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 197, known as the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1968 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796ee–1 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

1 See References in Text note below.
34 U.S.C. § 12408 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12408: Inclusion in National Incident-Based Reporting System
Inclusion in National Incident-Based Reporting System
Status: in_force

Not later than 2 years after September 13, 1994, the Attorney General, in accordance with the States, shall compile data regarding domestic violence and intimidation (including stalking) as part of the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS).

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40609, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1952.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14038 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10337 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XIII / Section 10337: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter—

(1) the term "child" means an individual under the age of 18 years; and

(2) the term "abuse" means physical or mental injury, sexual abuse or exploitation, or negligent treatment of a child.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1409, as added Pub. L. 101–647, title II, §241(a)(2), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4813.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796aa–8 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10388 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XVI / Section 10388: General regulatory authority
General regulatory authority
Status: in_force

The Attorney General may promulgate regulations and guidelines to carry out this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1708, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, §10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 60303 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 603 / Section 60303: Applications
Applications
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Attorney General shall establish a process through which a State may apply for a grant under this chapter.

(b) Application

(1) In general

A State desiring a grant under this chapter shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.

(2) Contents

Each application submitted under paragraph (1) shall contain—

(A) a certification by an appropriate officer of the State that the State authorizes capital punishment under its laws and conducts, or will conduct, prosecutions in which capital punishment is sought;

(B) a description of the communities to be served by the grant, including the nature of existing capital defender services and capital prosecution programs within such communities;

(C) a long-term statewide strategy and detailed implementation plan that—

(i) reflects consultation with the judiciary, the organized bar, and State and local prosecutor and defender organizations; and

(ii) establishes as a priority improvement in the quality of trial-level representation of indigents charged with capital crimes and trial-level prosecution of capital crimes;

(D) in the case of a State that employs a statutory procedure described in section 60301(e)(1)(C) of this title, a certification by an appropriate officer of the State that the State is in substantial compliance with the requirements of the applicable State statute; and

(E) assurances that Federal funds received under this chapter shall be—

(i) used to supplement and not supplant non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for activities funded under this chapter; and

(ii) allocated in accordance with section 60306(b) of this title.

(Pub. L. 108–405, title IV, §423, Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2288.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14163b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 21304 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 213 / Section 21304: Application
Application
Status: in_force

A State seeking an increase in the amount provided to the State under the covered formula grants shall include in the application of the State for each covered formula grant such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require, including information about the law described in section 21303 of this title.

(Pub. L. 114–22, title IV, §405, May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 257.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14043h–3 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10408 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XVII / Section 10408: Administrative provisions
Administrative provisions
Status: in_force

(a) In general

A State or specially qualified unit that receives funds under this subchapter shall—

(1) establish a trust fund in which the government will deposit all payments received under this subchapter;

(2) use amounts in the trust fund (including interest) during the period specified in section 10406(b)(1) of this title and any extension of that period under section 10406(b)(2) of this title;

(3) designate an official of the State or specially qualified unit to submit reports as the Attorney General reasonably requires, in addition to the annual reports required under this subchapter; and

(4) spend the funds only for the purpose of strengthening the juvenile justice system.

(b) Chapter provisions

Except as otherwise provided, the administrative provisions of subchapter VII shall apply to this subchapter and for purposes of this section any reference in such provisions to this chapter shall be deemed to include a reference to this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1807, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, §12102(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1866.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796ee–7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 30102 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 301 / Section 30102: Development and support of cybersecurity forensic capabilities
Development and support of cybersecurity forensic capabilities
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Attorney General shall establish such regional computer forensic laboratories as the Attorney General considers appropriate, and provide support to existing computer forensic laboratories, in order that all such computer forensic laboratories have the capability—

(1) to provide forensic examinations with respect to seized or intercepted computer evidence relating to criminal activity (including cyberterrorism);

(2) to provide training and education for Federal, State, and local law enforcement personnel and prosecutors regarding investigations, forensic analyses, and prosecutions of computer-related crime (including cyberterrorism);

(3) to assist Federal, State, and local law enforcement in enforcing Federal, State, and local criminal laws relating to computer-related crime;

(4) to facilitate and promote the sharing of Federal law enforcement expertise and information about the investigation, analysis, and prosecution of computer-related crime with State and local law enforcement personnel and prosecutors, including the use of multijurisdictional task forces; and

(5) to carry out such other activities as the Attorney General considers appropriate.

(b) Authorization of appropriations

(1) Authorization

There is hereby authorized to be appropriated in each fiscal year $50,000,000 for purposes of carrying out this section.

(2) Availability

Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1) shall remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 107–56, title VIII, §816, Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 385.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 509 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10423 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XVIII / Section 10423: Review of State applications
Review of State applications
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Attorney General shall make a grant under section 10421 of this title to carry out the projects described in the application submitted under section 10422 of this title upon determining that—

(1) the application is consistent with the requirements of this subchapter; and

(2) before the approval of the application the Attorney General has made an affirmative finding in writing that the proposed project has been reviewed in accordance with this subchapter.

(b) Approval

Each application submitted under section 10422 of this title shall be considered approved, in whole or in part, by the Attorney General not later than 90 days after first received unless the Attorney General informs the applicant of specific reasons for disapproval.

(c) Restriction

Grant funds received under this subchapter shall not be used for land acquisition or construction projects.

(d) Disapproval notice and reconsideration

The Attorney General shall not disapprove any application without first affording the applicant reasonable notice and an opportunity for reconsideration.

(e) Priority for partnerships with community-based drug treatment programs

In considering an application submitted by a State under section 10422 of this title, the Attorney General shall give priority to an application that involves a partnership between the State and a community-based drug treatment program within the State.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1903, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §32101(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1899; amended Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, §1145(c), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3112.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3796ff–2 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–162 added subsec. (e).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–162 effective Oct. 1, 2006, see section 1147 of Pub. L. 109–162, set out as a note under section 10422 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10704 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXXVIII / Section 10704: Equitable distribution of funds
Equitable distribution of funds
Status: in_force

In awarding grants under this subchapter, the Attorney General shall distribute funds in a manner that—

(1) equitably addresses the needs of underserved populations, including rural and tribal communities; and

(2) focuses on communities that have been disproportionately impacted by opioid abuse as evidenced in part by—

(A) high rates of primary treatment admissions for heroin and other opioids;

(B) high rates of drug poisoning deaths from heroin and other opioids; and

(C) a lack of accessibility to treatment providers and facilities and to emergency medical services.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §3024, as added Pub. L. 114–198, title II, §201(a)(1), July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 713.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797ff–3 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12261 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter II / Section 12261: Authority of Attorney General
Authority of Attorney General
Status: in_force

(a) In general

With the funds available to carry out this part for the benefit of Federal prisoners, the Attorney General, acting through the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, shall select eligible prisoners to live in community correctional facilities with their children.

(b) General contracting authority

In implementing this part,1 the Attorney General may enter into contracts with appropriate public or private agencies to provide housing, sustenance, services, and supervision of inmates eligible for placement in community correctional facilities under this part.1

(c) Use of State facilities

At the discretion of the Attorney General, Federal participants may be placed in State projects as defined in subpart 1. For such participants, the Attorney General shall, with funds available under section 13883(b)(2) 1 of title 42, reimburse the State for all project costs related to the Federal participant's placement, including administrative costs.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §31921, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1896.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This part, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "this title" and was translated as reading "this subtitle", meaning subtitle S of title III of Pub. L. 103–322, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Section 13883 of title 42, referred to in subsec. (c), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13901 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

1 See References in Text note below.
34 U.S.C. § 60909 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 609 / Section 60909: Multiple agencies
Multiple agencies
Status: in_force

In the case that more than one agency conducted the initial investigation of a cold case murder, each agency shall coordinate their case file review or full reinvestigation such that there is only one joint case file review or full reinvestigation occurring at a time in compliance with section 60901(f) or 60903(d) of this title, as applicable.

(Pub. L. 117–164, §10, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1361.)
34 U.S.C. § 60906 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 609 / Section 60906: Data collection
Data collection
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Beginning on the date that is three years after August 3, 2022, and annually thereafter, the Director of the National Institute of Justice shall publish statistics on the number of cold case murders.

(b) Manner of publication

The statistics published pursuant to subsection (a) shall, at a minimum, be disaggregated by the circumstances of the cold case murder, including the classification of the offense, and by agency.

(Pub. L. 117–164, §7, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1360.)
34 U.S.C. § 20982 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter III / Section 20982: Assistance for prosecution of cases cleared through use of DNA backlog clearance funds
Assistance for prosecution of cases cleared through use of DNA backlog clearance funds
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Attorney General may make grants to train and employ personnel to help prosecute cases cleared through use of funds provided for DNA backlog elimination.

(b) Authorization

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2011 to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title VI, §624, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 636.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16982 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12522 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter IV / Section 12522: Enhanced penalties for illegal drug use in Federal prisons and for smuggling drugs into Federal prisons
Enhanced penalties for illegal drug use in Federal prisons and for smuggling drugs into Federal prisons
Status: in_force

(a) Declaration of policy

It is the policy of the Federal Government that the use or distribution of illegal drugs in the Nation's Federal prisons will not be tolerated and that such crimes shall be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

(b) Sentencing guidelines

Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, the United States Sentencing Commission shall amend its sentencing guidelines to appropriately enhance the penalty for a person convicted of an offense—

(1) under section 844 of title 21 involving simple possession of a controlled substance within a Federal prison or other Federal detention facility; or

(2) under section 841(b) of title 21 involving the smuggling of a controlled substance into a Federal prison or other Federal detention facility or the distribution or intended distribution of a controlled substance within a Federal prison or other Federal detention facility.

(c) No probation

Notwithstanding any other law, the court shall not sentence a person convicted of an offense described in subsection (b) to probation.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IX, §90103, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1987.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14052 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section is comprised of section 90103 of Pub. L. 103–322. Subsec. (b) of section 90103 of Pub. L. 103–322 is also listed in a table relating to sentencing guidelines set out under section 994 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
34 U.S.C. § 12144 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter II / Section 12144: Applications
Applications
Status: in_force

To request a grant under this part the chief local elected official of an area shall—

(1) prepare and submit to the Attorney General an application in such form, at such time, and in accordance with such procedures, as the Attorney General shall establish; and

(2) provide an assurance that funds received under this part shall be used to supplement, not supplant, non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for programs funded under this part.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §30304, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1845.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13774 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10273 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter X / Section 10273: Conspiracy to commit offense against United States
Conspiracy to commit offense against United States
Status: in_force

Any law enforcement or criminal justice program or project underwritten, in whole or in part, by any grant, or contract or other form of assistance pursuant to this chapter, whether received directly or indirectly from the Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National Institute of Justice, or the Bureau of Justice Statistics shall be subject to the provisions of section 371 of title 18.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1103, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1219; amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §609E(b), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2098.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3795b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to this section were contained in former section 3793 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 96–157.

Amendments

1984—Pub. L. 98–473 substituted "Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance" for "Law Enforcement Assistance Administration".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–473 effective Oct. 12, 1984, see section 609AA(a) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10643 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter XXXII / Section 10643: Statewide strategic prevention plan
Statewide strategic prevention plan
Status: in_force

(a) In general

A statewide strategic prevention plan shall be used by the rural State to assist local communities, both directly and through existing State programs and services, in building comprehensive, strategic, and innovative approaches to reducing crime, violence, and substance abuse based on local conditions and needs.

(b) Goals

The plan must contain statewide long-term goals and measurable annual objectives for reducing crime, violence, and substance abuse.

(c) Accountability

The rural State shall be required to develop and report in its plan relevant performance targets and measures for the goals and objectives to track changes in crime, violence, and substance abuse.

(d) Consultation

The rural State shall form a State crime free communities commission that includes representatives of State and local government, and community leaders who will provide advice and recommendations on relevant community goals and objectives, and performance targets and measures.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §2987, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, §11027(b), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1834.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3797y–2 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 40743 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 407 / Subchapter III / Section 40743: Expungement of profiles
Expungement of profiles
Status: in_force

The expungement requirements under section 12592(d) of this title shall apply to any DNA profile or DNA data collected pursuant to this subchapter for purposes of inclusion in the National DNA Index System.

(Pub. L. 112–253, §4, Jan. 10, 2013, 126 Stat. 2408.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 112–253, Jan. 10, 2013, 126 Stat. 2407, known as the Katie Sepich Enhanced DNA Collection Act of 2012, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2013 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14137b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12622 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter X / Section 12622: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

Not later than 2 years after March 23, 2018, and every year thereafter, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a report on the Missing Americans Alert Program, as amended by subsection (a), which shall address—

(1) the number of individuals who benefitted from the Missing Americans Alert Program, including information such as the number of individuals with reduced unsafe wandering, the number of people who were trained through the program, and the estimated number of people who were impacted by the program;

(2) the number of State, local, and tribal law enforcement or public safety agencies that applied for funding under the Missing Americans Alert Program;

(3) the number of State, local, and tribal local law enforcement or public safety agencies that received funding under the Missing Americans Alert Program, including—

(A) the number of State, local, and tribal law enforcement or public safety agencies that used such funding for training; and

(B) the number of State, local, and tribal law enforcement or public safety agencies that used such funding for designing, establishing, or operating locative tracking technology;

(4) the companies, including the location (city and State) of the headquarters and local offices of each company, for which their locative tracking technology was used by State, local, and tribal law enforcement or public safety agencies;

(5) the nonprofit organizations, including the location (city and State) of the headquarters and local offices of each organization, that State, local, and tribal law enforcement or public safety agencies partnered with and the result of each partnership;

(6) the number of missing children with autism or another developmental disability with wandering tendencies or adults with Alzheimer's being served by the program who went missing and the result of the search for each such individual; and

(7) any recommendations for improving the Missing Americans Alert Program.

(Pub. L. 115–141, div. Q, title I, §102(b), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1119.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Subsection (a), referred to in text, is subsec. (a) of section 102 of Pub. L. 115–141, which amended section 12621 of this title.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Missing Americans Alert Program Act of 2018 and also as part of Kevin and Avonte's Law of 2018 and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018, and not as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 which enacted this chapter.
34 U.S.C. § 11190 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 111 / Subchapter II / Section 11190: Issuance of rules
Issuance of rules
Status: in_force

The Administrator shall issue rules to carry out this subchapter, including rules that establish procedures and methods for making grants and contracts, and distributing funds available, to carry out this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 93–415, title II, §299I, as added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, §12219, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1893.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5680 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the first day of the first fiscal year that begins after Nov. 2, 2002, and applicable only with respect to fiscal years beginning on or after the first day of the first fiscal year that begins after Nov. 2, 2002, see section 12223 of Pub. L. 107–273, set out as an Effective Date of 2002 Amendment note under section 11101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 11274 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 111 / Subchapter III / Section 11274: Federal and non-Federal share; methods of payment
Federal and non-Federal share; methods of payment
Status: in_force

(a) The Federal share for the renovation of existing structures, the provision of counseling services, staff training, and the general costs of operations of such facility's budget for any fiscal year shall be 90 per centum. The non-Federal share may be in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated by the Secretary, including plant, equipment, or services.

(b) Payments under this section may be made in installments, in advance, or by way of reimbursement, with necessary adjustments on account of overpayments or underpayments.

(Pub. L. 93–415, title III, §383, formerly §316, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1132; renumbered §318, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §655(1), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2124; renumbered §362 and amended Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §§7271(c)(6), 7273(e)(2), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4454, 4455; renumbered §382, Pub. L. 102–586, §3(g)(1)(A)(ii), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5022; renumbered §383, Pub. L. 106–71, §3(q), Oct. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1042.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 5716 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 383 of Pub. L. 93–415 was renumbered section 384 and is classified to section 11275 of this title.

Amendments

1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–690, §7271(c)(6), struck out "acquisition and" before "renovation".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–690 effective Oct. 1, 1988, see section 7296(a) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as a note under section 11101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 12181 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter II / Section 12181: Purpose
Purpose
Status: in_force

It is the purpose of this subpart to increase private investment in distressed local communities and to build and expand the capacity of local institutions to better serve the economic needs of local residents through the provision of financial and technical assistance to community development corporations.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §31111, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1882.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13821 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of subtitle K of title III of Pub. L. 103–322, which is classified to this part, as the "National Community Economic Partnership Act of 1994", see section 31101 of Pub. L. 103–322, set out as a Short Title of 1994 Act note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 41107 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 411 / Section 41107: Access to the national crime information databases by tribes
Access to the national crime information databases by tribes
Status: in_force

(1) In general

The Attorney General shall ensure that—

(A) tribal law enforcement officials that meet applicable Federal or State requirements shall be permitted access to national crime information databases; and

(B) technical assistance and training is provided to Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal law enforcement agencies to gain access to, and the ability to use and input information into, the National Crime Information Center and other national crime information databases pursuant to section 534 of title 28.

(2) Sanctions

For purpose of sanctions for noncompliance with requirements of, or misuse of, national crime information databases and information obtained from those databases, a tribal law enforcement agency or official shall be treated as Federal law enforcement agency or official.

(3) NCIC

Each tribal justice official serving an Indian tribe shall be considered to be an authorized law enforcement official for purposes of access to the National Crime Information Center of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

(Pub. L. 111–211, title II, §233(b), July 29, 2010, 124 Stat. 2279; Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title VIII, §802(a), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 897.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified as a note under section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section is comprised of subsec. (b) of section 233 of Pub. L. 111–211. Subsec. (a) of section 233 amended section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Amendments

2022—Par. (1). Pub. L. 117–103, §802(a)(1), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The Attorney General shall ensure that tribal law enforcement officials that meet applicable Federal or State requirements be permitted access to national crime information databases."

Par. (3). Pub. L. 117–103, §802(a)(2), struck out "with criminal jurisdiction over Indian country" after "Indian tribe".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2022 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

Definitions

For definition of "Indian tribe" used in this section, see section 203(a) of Pub. L. 111–211, set out as a note under section 2801 of Title 25, Indians.
34 U.S.C. § 12186 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter II / Section 12186: Program priority for special emphasis programs
Program priority for special emphasis programs
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall give priority in providing lines of credit under this subpart to community development corporations that propose to undertake economic development activities in distressed communities that target women, Native Americans, at risk youth, farmworkers, population-losing communities, very low-income communities, single mothers, veterans, and refugees; or that expand employee ownership of private enterprises and small businesses, and to programs providing loans of not more than $35,000 to very small business enterprises.

(b) Reservation of funds

Not less than 5 percent of the amounts made available under section 31112(a)(2)(A) 1 may be reserved to carry out the activities described in subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 103–322, title III, §31116, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1885.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 31112(a)(2)(A), referred to in subsec. (b), probably should be a reference to section 31132(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–322, title III, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1888, which authorized appropriations under this part and was formerly classified to section 13852 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to being omitted from the Code as obsolete.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13826 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

1 See References in Text note below.
34 U.S.C. § 40706 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 407 / Subchapter I / Section 40706: Privacy protection standards
Privacy protection standards
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Except as provided in subsection (b), any sample collected under, or any result of any analysis carried out under, section 40701, 40702, or 40703 of this title may be used only for a purpose specified in such section.

(b) Permissive uses

A sample or result described in subsection (a) may be disclosed under the circumstances under which disclosure of information included in the Combined DNA Index System is allowed, as specified in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of section 12592(b)(3) of this title.

(c) Criminal penalty

A person who knowingly discloses a sample or result described in subsection (a) in any manner to any person not authorized to receive it, or obtains or uses, without authorization, such sample or result, shall be fined not more than $250,000, or imprisoned for a period of not more than one year. Each instance of disclosure, obtaining, or use shall constitute a separate offense under this subsection.

(Pub. L. 106–546, §10, Dec. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 2735; Pub. L. 108–405, title II, §203(e)(2), title III, §309, Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2271, 2275.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 14135e of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2004—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–405, §309, reenacted heading without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "A person who knowingly—

"(1) discloses a sample or result described in subsection (a) of this section in any manner to any person not authorized to receive it; or

"(2) obtains, without authorization, a sample or result described in subsection (a) of this section,

shall be fined not more than $250,000, or imprisoned for a period of not more than one year, or both."

Pub. L. 108–405, §203(e)(2), substituted "$250,000, or imprisoned for a period of not more than one year, or both" for "$100,000" in concluding provisions.
34 U.S.C. § 20989 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter III / Section 20989: Fugitive Safe Surrender
Fugitive Safe Surrender
Status: in_force

(a) Findings

Congress finds the following:

(1) Fugitive Safe Surrender is a program of the United States Marshals Service, in partnership with public, private, and faith-based organizations, which temporarily transforms a church into a courthouse, so fugitives can turn themselves in, in an atmosphere where they feel more comfortable to do so, and have nonviolent cases adjudicated immediately.

(2) In the 4-day pilot program in Cleveland, Ohio, over 800 fugitives turned themselves in. By contrast, a successful Fugitive Task Force sweep, conducted for 3 days after Fugitive Safe Surrender, resulted in the arrest of 65 individuals.

(3) Fugitive Safe Surrender is safer for defendants, law enforcement, and innocent bystanders than needing to conduct a sweep.

(4) Based upon the success of the pilot program, Fugitive Safe Surrender should be expanded to other cities throughout the United States.

(b) Establishment

The United States Marshals Service shall establish, direct, and coordinate a program (to be known as the "Fugitive Safe Surrender Program"), under which the United States Marshals Service shall apprehend Federal, State, and local fugitives in a safe, secure, and peaceful manner to be coordinated with law enforcement and community leaders in designated cities throughout the United States.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to the United States Marshals Service to carry out this section—

(1) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;

(2) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; and

(3) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.

(d) Other existing applicable law

Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit any existing authority under any other provision of Federal or State law for law enforcement agencies to locate or apprehend fugitives through task forces or any other means.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title VI, §632, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 641.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16989 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 20988 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 209 / Subchapter III / Section 20988: Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program
Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established the Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Program").

(b) Grants authorized

Under the Program, the Attorney General is authorized to award grants to State,1 local governments, and Indian tribal governments to assist in carrying out programs requiring an appropriate official to verify, at appropriate intervals, the residence of all or some registered sex offenders.

(c) Application

(1) In general

Each State or local government seeking a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.

(2) Contents

Each application submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall—

(A) describe the activities for which assistance under this section is sought; and

(B) provide such additional assurances as the Attorney General determines to be essential to ensure compliance with the requirements of this section.

(d) Innovation

In making grants under this section, the Attorney General shall ensure that different approaches to address verification are funded to allow an assessment of effectiveness.

(e) Authorization of appropriations

(1) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated for each of the fiscal years 2007 through 2009 such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

(2) Report

Not later than April 1, 2009, the Attorney General shall report to Congress—

(A) assessing the effectiveness and value of this section;

(B) comparing the cost effectiveness of address verification to reduce sex offenses compared to other alternatives; and

(C) making recommendations for continuing funding and the appropriate levels for such funding.

(Pub. L. 109–248, title VI, §631, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 641.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 16988 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

1 So in original. Probably should be "States,".
34 U.S.C. § 12371 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 121 / Subchapter III / Section 12371: Grants authorized
Grants authorized
Status: in_force

The State Justice Institute may award grants for the purpose of developing, testing, presenting, and disseminating model programs to be used by States (as defined in section 10701 of title 42) in training judges and court personnel in the laws of the States and by Indian tribes in training tribal judges and court personnel in the laws of the tribes on rape, sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and other crimes of violence motivated by the victim's gender. Nothing shall preclude the attendance of tribal judges and court personnel at programs funded under this section for States to train judges and court personnel on the laws of the States.

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, §40411, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1942; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, §1406(c)(2), (d)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1516.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 13991 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2000—Pub. L. 106–386 inserted "dating violence," after "domestic violence," and "Nothing shall preclude the attendance of tribal judges and court personnel at programs funded under this section for States to train judges and court personnel on the laws of the States." at end.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of subtitle D of title IV of Pub. L. 103–322, which is classified to this part, as the "Equal Justice for Women in the Courts Act of 1994", see section 40401 of Pub. L. 103–322, set out as a Short Title of 1994 Act note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 10271 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter X / Section 10271: Misuse of Federal assistance
Misuse of Federal assistance
Status: in_force

Whoever embezzles, willfully misapplies, steals, or obtains by fraud or endeavors to embezzle, willfully misapply, steal, or obtain by fraud any funds, assets, or property which are the subject of a grant or contract or other form of assistance pursuant to this chapter, whether received directly or indirectly from the Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National Institute of Justice, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, or whoever receives, conceals, or retains such funds, assets or property with intent to convert such funds, assets or property to his use or gain, knowing such funds, assets, or property has been embezzled, willfully misapplied, stolen or obtained by fraud, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §1101, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1219; amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §609E(a), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2097.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3795 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Another section 1101 of Pub. L. 90–351, title VI, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 236, is classified as a note under section 532 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Amendments

1984—Pub. L. 98–473 substituted "Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance" for "Law Enforcement Assistance Administration".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–473 effective Oct. 12, 1984, see section 609AA(a) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10101 of this title.
34 U.S.C. § 40903 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 409 / Section 40903: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Court order

The term "court order" includes a court order (as described in section 922(g)(8) of title 18).

(2) Mental health terms

The terms "adjudicated as a mental defective" and "committed to a mental institution" have the same meanings as in section 922(g)(4) of title 18.

(3) Misdemeanor crime of domestic violence

The term "misdemeanor crime of domestic violence" has the meaning given the term in section 921(a)(33) of title 18.

(Pub. L. 110–180, §3, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2560.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 10233 (2024) — Title 34: CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT / Chapter 101 / Subchapter VII / Section 10233: Prohibition on land acquisition
Prohibition on land acquisition
Status: in_force

No funds under this chapter shall be used for land acquisition.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, §814, formerly §821, as added Pub. L. 96–157, §2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered §814, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §609B(f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 3789j of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 814 of Pub. L. 90–351 was classified to section 3789c of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by section 609B(e) of Pub. L. 98–473.