20 U.S.C. § 10005 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 80: STATE FISCAL STABILIZATION FUND / Section 10005: State applications
State applications
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Governor of a State desiring to receive an allocation under section 10001(d) of this title shall submit an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.

(b) Application

In such application, the Governor shall—

(1) include the assurances described in subsection (d);

(2) provide baseline data that demonstrates the State's current status in each of the areas described in such assurances; and

(3) describe how the State intends to use its allocation, including whether the State will use such allocation to meet maintenance of effort requirements under the ESEA and IDEA and, in such cases, what amount will be used to meet such requirements.

(c) Incentive grant application

The Governor of a State seeking a grant under section 10006 of this title shall—

(1) submit an application for consideration;

(2) describe the status of the State's progress in each of the areas described in subsection (d), and the strategies the State is employing to help ensure that students in the subgroups described in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(v)(II) 1 of the ESEA (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(2)(C)(v)(II)) who have not met the State's proficiency targets continue making progress toward meeting the State's student academic achievement standards;

(3) describe the achievement and graduation rates (as described in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(vi) 1 of the ESEA (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(2)(C)(vi)) and as clarified in section 200.19(b)(1) of title 34, Code of Federal Regulations) of public elementary and secondary school students in the State, and the strategies the State is employing to help ensure that all subgroups of students identified in section 1111(b)(2) of the ESEA (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(2)) in the State continue making progress toward meeting the State's student academic achievement standards;

(4) describe how the State would use its grant funding to improve student academic achievement in the State, including how it will allocate the funds to give priority to high-need local educational agencies; and

(5) include a plan for evaluating the State's progress in closing achievement gaps.

(d) Assurances

An application under subsection (b) shall include the following assurances:

(1) Maintenance of effort

(A) Elementary and secondary education

The State will, in each of fiscal years 2009, 2010, and 2011, maintain State support for elementary and secondary education at least at the level of such support in fiscal year 2006.

(B) Higher education

The State will, in each of fiscal years 2009, 2010, and 2011, maintain State support for public institutions of higher education (not including support for capital projects or for research and development or tuition and fees paid by students) at least at the level of such support in fiscal year 2006.

(2) Achieving equity in teacher distribution

The State will take actions to improve teacher effectiveness and comply with section 1111(b)(8)(C) 1 of the ESEA (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(8)(C)) in order to address inequities in the distribution of highly qualified teachers between high- and low-poverty schools, and to ensure that low-income and minority children are not taught at higher rates than other children by inexperienced, unqualified, or out-of-field teachers.

(3) Improving collection and use of data

The State will establish a longitudinal data system that includes the elements described in section 9871(e)(2)(D) of this title.

(4) Standards and assessments

The State—

(A) will enhance the quality of the academic assessments it administers pursuant to section 1111(b)(3) of the ESEA (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(3)) through activities such as those described in section 6112(a) 1 of such Act (20 U.S.C. 7301a(a));

(B) will comply with the requirements of paragraphs (3)(C)(ix) and (6) of section 1111(b) 1 of the ESEA (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)) and section 612(a)(16) of the IDEA (20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(16)) related to the inclusion of children with disabilities and limited English proficient students in State assessments, the development of valid and reliable assessments for those students, and the provision of accommodations that enable their participation in State assessments; and

(C) will take steps to improve State academic content standards and student academic achievement standards consistent with section 9871(e)(1)(A)(ii) of this title.

(5) Supporting struggling schools

The State will ensure compliance with the requirements of section 1116(b)(7)(C)(iv) 1 and section 1116(b)(8)(B) 1 of the ESEA with respect to schools identified under such sections.

(6) Improving early childhood care and education

The State will take actions to—

(A) increase the number and percentage of low-income and disadvantaged children in each age group of infants, toddlers, and pre-schoolers who are enrolled in high-quality early learning programs;

(B) design and implement an integrated system of high-quality early learning programs and services; and

(C) ensure that any use of assessments conforms with the recommendations of the National Research Council's reports on early childhood.

(Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title XIV, §14005, Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 282; Pub. L. 111–8, div. F, title V, §523(d)–(f), Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 806; Pub. L. 112–10, div. B, title VIII, §1832(b)(1), Apr. 15, 2011, 125 Stat. 164.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

ESEA, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27, which is classified generally to chapter 70 (§6301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of this title and Tables.

IDEA, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 175, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1400 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1400 of this title and Tables.

Section 1111 of the ESEA, referred to in subsecs. (c)(2), (3) and (d)(2), (4)(A), (B), is section 1111 of Pub. L. 89–10, which is classified to section 6311 of this title. Section 1111 was amended generally by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, §1005, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1820, and as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b)(2)(C)(v), (vi), (3)(C)(ix), (6), or (8)(C).

Section 9871 of this title, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), (4)(C), was in the original "section 6401", and was translated as meaning section 6201 of Pub. L. 110–69 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 6401 of Pub. L. 110–69 as section 6201 by Pub. L. 111–358, title X, §1002(b)(3), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 4048.

Section 6112 of the ESEA, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(A), is section 6112 of Pub. L. 89–10, which was classified to section 7301a of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, §5, title V, §5001(b)(1), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 2040, effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs.

Section 1116 of the ESEA, referred to in subsec. (d)(5), is section 1116 of Pub. L. 89–10, which was classified to section 6316 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, §5, title I, §1000(1), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 1814, effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs. Section 1000(2) of Pub. L. 114–95 renumbered section 1118 of Pub. L. 89–10 as section 1116, which is classified to section 6318 of this title. Section 6318 does not contain a subsec. (b)(7) or (8).

Amendments

2011—Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 112–10 added par. (6).

2009—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–8, §523(d), substituted "10001(d)" for "10001".

Subsec. (d)(4)(C). Pub. L. 111–8, §523(e), substituted "9871(e)(1)(A)(ii)" for "9871(e)(1)(9)(A)(ii)".

Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 111–8, §523(f), substituted "1116(b)(7)(C)(iv)" for "1116(a)(7)(C)(iv)" and "1116(b)(8)(B)" for "1116(a)(8)(B)".

1 See References in Text note below.
20 U.S.C. § 2143 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 43: AMERICAN FOLKLIFE PRESERVATION / Subchapter II: VETERANS' ORAL HISTORY / Section 2143: Private support
Private support
Status: in_force

(a) Acceptance of donations

The Librarian of Congress may solicit and accept donations of funds and in-kind contributions to carry out the oral history program under section 2142 of this title.

(b) Establishment of separate gift account

There is established in the Treasury (among the accounts of the Library of Congress) a gift account for the oral history program under section 2142 of this title.

(c) Dedication of funds

Notwithstanding any other provision of law—

(1) any funds donated to the Librarian of Congress to carry out the oral history program under section 2142 of this title shall be deposited entirely into the gift account established under subsection (b);

(2) the funds contained in such account shall be used solely to carry out the oral history program under section 2142 of this title; and

(3) the Librarian of Congress may not deposit into such account any funds donated to the Librarian which are not donated for the exclusive purpose of carrying out the oral history program under section 2142 of this title.

(Pub. L. 106–380, §4, Oct. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 1448.)
20 U.S.C. § 9704 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 77: FINANCIAL LITERACY AND EDUCATION IMPROVEMENT / Section 9704: Powers of the Commission
Powers of the Commission
Status: in_force

(a) Hearings

(1) In general

The Commission shall hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission deems appropriate to carry out this chapter.

(2) Participation

In hearings held under this subsection, the Commission shall consider inviting witnesses from, among other groups—

(A) other Federal Government officials;

(B) State and local government officials;

(C) consumer and community groups;

(D) nonprofit financial literacy and education groups (such as those involved in personal finance and economic education); and

(E) the financial services industry.

(b) Information from Federal agencies

The Commission may secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the Commission considers necessary to carry out this chapter. Upon request of the Chairperson, the head of such department or agency shall furnish such information to the Commission.

(c) Periodic studies

The Commission may conduct periodic studies regarding the state of financial literacy and education in the United States, as the Commission determines appropriate.

(d) Multilingual

The Commission may take any action to develop and promote financial literacy and education materials in languages other than English, as the Commission deems appropriate, including for the website established under section 9703(b) of this title, at the toll-free number established under section 9703(c) of this title, and in the materials developed and disseminated under section 9703(d) of this title.

(Pub. L. 108–159, title V, §515, Dec. 4, 2003, 117 Stat. 2007.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section subject to joint regulations establishing effective dates as prescribed by Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission, except as otherwise provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–159, set out as an Effective Date of 2003 Amendment note under section 1681 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

Definitions

For definitions of terms used in this section, see section 2 of Pub. L. 108–159, set out as a note under section 1681 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.
20 U.S.C. § 6673 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter II: PREPARING, TRAINING, AND RECRUITING HIGH-QUALITY TEACHERS, PRINCIPALS, OR OTHER SCHOOL LEADERS / Section 6673: School leader recruitment and support
School leader recruitment and support
Status: in_force

(a) In general

From the funds reserved under section 6671(2) of this title for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities to enable such entities to improve the recruitment, preparation, placement, support, and retention of effective principals or other school leaders in high-need schools, which may include—

(1) developing or implementing leadership training programs designed to prepare and support principals or other school leaders in high-need schools, including through new or alternative pathways or school leader residency programs;

(2) developing or implementing programs or activities for recruiting, selecting, and developing aspiring or current principals or other school leaders to serve in high-need schools;

(3) developing or implementing programs for recruiting, developing, and placing school leaders to improve schools implementing comprehensive support and improvement activities and targeted support and improvement activities under section 6311(d) of this title, including through cohort-based activities that build effective instructional and school leadership teams and develop a school culture, design, instructional program, and professional development program focused on improving student learning;

(4) providing continuous professional development for principals or other school leaders in high-need schools;

(5) developing and disseminating information on best practices and strategies for effective school leadership in high-need schools, such as training and supporting principals to identify, develop, and maintain school leadership teams using various leadership models; and

(6) other evidence-based programs or activities described in section 6611(c)(4) of this title or section 6613(b)(3) of this title focused on principals or other school leaders in high-need schools.

(b) Program periods and diversity of projects

(1) In general

A grant awarded by the Secretary to an eligible entity under this section shall be for a period of not more than 5 years.

(2) Renewal

The Secretary may renew a grant awarded under this section for 1 additional 2-year period.

(3) Diversity of projects

In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall ensure that, to the extent practicable, grants are distributed among eligible entities that will serve geographically diverse areas, including urban, suburban, and rural areas.

(4) Limitation

The Secretary shall not award more than 1 grant under this section to an eligible entity during a grant competition.

(c) Cost-sharing

(1) In general

An eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall provide, from non-Federal sources, not less than 25 percent of the funds for the total cost for each year of activities carried out under this section.

(2) Acceptable contributions

An eligible entity that receives a grant under this section may meet the requirement of paragraph (1) by providing contributions in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, including plant, equipment, and services.

(3) Waivers

The Secretary may waive or modify the requirement of paragraph (1) in cases of demonstrated financial hardship.

(d) Applications

An eligible entity that desires a grant under this section shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, and in such manner, as the Secretary may require.

(e) Priority

In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to an eligible entity—

(1) with a record of preparing or developing principals who—

(A) have improved school-level student outcomes;

(B) have become principals in high-need schools; and

(C) remain principals in high-need schools for multiple years; and

(2) who will implement evidence-based activities, defined for the purpose of this paragraph as activities meeting the requirements of section 7801(21)(A)(i) of this title.

(f) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Eligible entity

The term "eligible entity" means—

(A) a local educational agency, including an educational service agency, that serves a high-need school or a consortium of such agencies;

(B) a State educational agency or a consortium of such agencies;

(C) a State educational agency in partnership with 1 or more local educational agencies, or educational service agencies, that serve a high-need school;

(D) the Bureau of Indian Education; or

(E) an entity described in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) in partnership with 1 or more nonprofit organizations or institutions of higher education.

(2) High-need school

The term "high-need school" means—

(A) an elementary school in which not less than 50 percent of the enrolled students are from families with incomes below the poverty line; or

(B) a secondary school in which not less than 40 percent of the enrolled students are from families with incomes below the poverty line.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title II, §2243, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title II, §2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1949.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 6673, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, §2303, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, §201, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1649, related to recruitment and selection of Troops-to-Teachers Program participants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title V, §541(d)(1), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1735.

Another prior section 6673, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, §2303, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3634, related to grants for the implementation of professional development programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 5981 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 68: NATIONAL EDUCATION REFORM / Subchapter VIII: MINORITY-FOCUSED CIVICS EDUCATION / Section 5981: Short title
Short title
Status: in_force

This subchapter may be cited as the "Minority-Focused Civics Education Act of 1994".

(Pub. L. 103–227, title VIII, §801, Mar. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 209.)
20 U.S.C. § 9101 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 72: MUSEUM AND LIBRARY SERVICES / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 9101: General definitions
General definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) Determined to be obscene

The term "determined to be obscene" means determined, in a final judgment of a court of record and of competent jurisdiction in the United States, to be obscene.

(2) Digital literacy skills

The term "digital literacy skills" means the skills associated with—

(A) using technology to enable users to find, evaluate, organize, create, and communicate information; and

(B) developing digital citizenship and the responsible use of technology.

(3) Director

The term "Director" means the Director of the Institute appointed under section 9103 of this title.

(4) Final judgment

The term "final judgment" means a judgment that is—

(A) not reviewed by any other court that has authority to review such judgment; or

(B) not reviewable by any other court.

(5) Indian tribe

The term "Indian tribe" means any tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community, including any Alaska native village, regional corporation, or village corporation (as defined in, or established pursuant to, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.)), which is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians.

(6) Institute

The term "Institute" means the Institute of Museum and Library Services established under section 9102 of this title.

(7) Museum and Library Services Board

The term "Museum and Library Services Board" means the National Museum and Library Services Board established under section 9105a of this title.

(8) Obscene

The term "obscene" means, with respect to a project, that—

(A) the average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that such project, when taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest;

(B) such project depicts or describes sexual conduct in a patently offensive way; and

(C) such project, when taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.

(Pub. L. 94–462, title II, §202, as added Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(e) [title VII, §702], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–294; amended Pub. L. 108–81, title I, §101, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 992; Pub. L. 111–340, title I, §101, Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3595; Pub. L. 115–410, §2, Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5412.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in par. (5), is Pub. L. 92–203, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 202 of Pub. L. 94–462 was classified to section 961 of this title prior to the general amendment of title II of Pub. L. 94–462 by Pub. L. 104–208.

Amendments

2018—Par. (2). Pub. L. 115–410, §2(1), substituted "means the skills associated with—" and subpars. (A) and (B) for "means the skills associated with using technology to enable users to find, evaluate, organize, create, and communicate information."

Par. (5). Pub. L. 115–410, §2(2), struck out "by the Secretary of the Interior" after "which is recognized".

2010—Pars. (2) to (8). Pub. L. 111–340 added par. (2) and redesignated former pars. (2) to (7) as (3) to (8), respectively.

2003—Par. (1). Pub. L. 108–81, §101(1), added par. (1) and struck out heading and text of former par. (1). Text read as follows: "The term 'Commission' means the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science established under section 1502 of this title."

Pars. (3) to (5). Pub. L. 108–81, §101(2)–(4), added pars. (3) and (4), redesignated former par. (3) as (5), and struck out heading and text of former par. (4). Text read as follows: "The term 'Museum Board' means the National Museum Services Board established under section 9175 of this title."

Pars. (6), (7). Pub. L. 108–81, §101(5), added pars. (6) and (7).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Pub. L. 108–81, title V, §506, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 1005, provided that: "The amendments made by this Act [enacting sections 9105a and 9107 to 9109 of this title, amending this section, sections 956a, 974, 1503 to 1505, 9102, 9103, 9106, 9121 to 9123, 9131, 9134, 9141, 9162, 9171 to 9173, and 9176 of this title, and section 170 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, repealing sections 9174 and 9175 of this title, enacting provisions set out as a note under this section, and repealing provisions set out as notes under sections 9102, 9103, and 9105 of this title] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 25, 2003], except that the amendments made by sections 203, 204, and 305 of this Act [amending sections 9123, 9131, and 9176 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 2003."

Short Title of 2018 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–410, §1(a), Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5412, provided that: "This Act [enacting section 9175 of this title and amending sections 9101, 9103, 9105a, 9108, 9111, 9121 to 9123, 9131, 9134, 9141, 9151, 9162, 9165, 9171 to 9173, and 9176 of this title] may be cited as the 'Museum and Library Services Act of 2018'."

Short Title of 2010 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–340, §1(a), Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3594, provided that: "This Act [enacting part 4 of subchapter II of this chapter and sections 9110 and 9111 of this title, amending this section and sections 953, 958, 9103, 9105, 9105a, 9107, 9108, 9121, 9123, 9131, 9134, 9141, 9162, 9171 to 9173, and 9176 of this title, repealing chapter 34 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 9102 of this title] may be cited as the 'Museum and Library Services Act of 2010'."

Short Title of 2003 Amendment

Pub. L. 108–81, §1, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 991, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 9105a and 9107 to 9109 of this title, amending this section, sections 956a, 974, 1503 to 1505, 9102, 9103, 9106, 9121 to 9123, 9131, 9134, 9141, 9162, 9171 to 9173, and 9176 of this title, and section 170 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, repealing sections 9174 and 9175 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 956a of this title, and repealing provisions set out as notes under sections 9102, 9103, and 9105 of this title] may be cited as the 'Museum and Library Services Act of 2003'."

Short Title of 1997 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–128, §1, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2548, provided that: "This Act [amending sections 9105, 9122, 9131, 9133, 9161, and 9162 of this title] may be cited as the 'Museum and Library Services Technical and Conforming Amendments of 1997'."

Short Title of 1996 Amendment

Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(e) [title VII, §701], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–293, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter, amending sections 1069b, 1504, 1505, 3441, 3473, 3489, 6621, 6645, 6648, 6649, 6813, 8091, 8102, and 8104 of this title, section 5315 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, section 276d–3 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, section 214 of former Title 40, Appendix, section 3338 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, section 254 of Title 47, Telecommunications, and section 1666 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, repealing sections 351 to 386g, 1021 to 1047, 1221i, and 7001 to 7005 of this title, enacting provisions set out under this section and sections 9102, 9103, and 9105 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as notes under sections 351 and 1029 of this title] may be cited as the 'Museum and Library Services Act of 1996'."

Short Title

Pub. L. 94–462, title II, §201, as added by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(e) [title VII, §702], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–293, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Museum and Library Services Act'."

Pub. L. 94–462, title II, §211, as added by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(e) [title VII, §702], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–295, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle B (§§211–263) of title II of Pub. L. 94–462, enacting subchapter II of this chapter] may be cited as the 'Library Services and Technology Act'."

Pub. L. 94–462, title II, §271, as added by Pub. L. 108–81, title III, §306(2), Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 1002, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle C (§§271–276) of title II of Pub. L. 94–462, enacting subchapter III of this chapter] may be cited as the 'Museum Services Act'."
20 U.S.C. § 9520 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 76: EDUCATION RESEARCH, STATISTICS, EVALUATION, INFORMATION, AND DISSEMINATION / Subchapter I: EDUCATION SCIENCES REFORM / Section 9520: Competitive awards
Competitive awards
Status: in_force

Activities carried out under this Act through grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements, at a minimum, shall be awarded on a competitive basis and, when practicable, through a process of peer review.

(Pub. L. 107–279, title I, §120, Nov. 5, 2002, 116 Stat. 1953.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, means Pub. L. 107–279, Nov. 5, 2002, 116 Stat. 1940, which enacted this chapter and section 3419 of this title, amended sections 1232j, 3412, 3461, 6194, 6311, 6312, 7013, 7451, 7703, 7909, 9007, 9010, 9011, 9573, 9623, and 9624 and former sections 6317, 6491, 6932, 7253c, 7283b, and 7283d of this title and section 5315 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, transferred sections 9010 and 9011 of this title to sections 9621 and 9622 of this title, respectively, repealed sections 3419, 6011, 6021, 6031, 6041, 6051, 6053 to 6053e, 6054 to 6054b, 6055 to 6055h, 6056, 6056a, 9001 to 9009, and 9012 of this title, enacted provisions set out as notes under section 7703 and 9501 of this title, and repealed provisions set out as notes under sections 1221e and 9001 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
20 U.S.C. § 5206 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 63: EISENHOWER EXCHANGE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM / Section 5206: Report to Congress
Report to Congress
Status: in_force

For any fiscal year for which Eisenhower Exchange Fellowships, Incorporated, receive funds pursuant to section 5203(a) of this title, Eisenhower Exchange Fellowships, Incorporated, shall prepare and transmit to the President and the Congress a report of its activities for such fiscal year.

(Pub. L. 101–454, §7, Oct. 24, 1990, 104 Stat. 1065.)
20 U.S.C. § 8031 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter X: PROGRAMS OF NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE / Section 8031: Repealed. Pub. L. 107-110, title X, §1011(5)(A), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1986
Repealed. Pub. L. 107-110, title X, §1011(5)(A), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1986
Status: repealed

Section 8031, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10201, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3820, set forth short title of the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act of 1994.

Section 8032, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10202, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3820, set forth findings and purposes.

Section 8033, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10203, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3822, related to construction of provisions.

Section 8034, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10204, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3822, related to authorized programs.

Section 8035, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10205, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3823, set forth program priorities.

Section 8036, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10206, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3824, set forth general provisions.

Section 8037, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10207, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3824, authorized appropriations.
20 U.S.C. § 4420 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 56: AMERICAN INDIAN, ALASKA NATIVE, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN CULTURE AND ART DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter I: AMERICAN INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES / Section 4420: Tax status; tort liability
Tax status; tort liability
Status: in_force

(a) Tax status

The Institute and the franchise, capital, reserves, income, and property of the Institute shall be exempt from all taxation now or hereafter imposed by the United States, by any Indian tribe, or by any State or political subdivision thereof.

(b) Tort liability

(1) The Institute shall be subject to liability relating to tort claims only to the extent a Federal agency is subject to such liability under chapter 171 of title 28.

(2) For purposes of chapter 171 of title 28, the Institute shall be treated as a Federal agency (within the meaning of section 2671 of such title).

(3) For purposes of chapter 171 of title 28, the President of the Institute shall be deemed the head of the Agency.

(Pub. L. 99–498, title XV, §1513, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1608; Pub. L. 100–446, title II, Sept. 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 1818.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–446 inserted "; tort liability" in section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).
20 U.S.C. § 1601 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 36: EMERGENCY SCHOOL AID / Section 1601: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-561, title VI, §601(b)(2), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2268
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-561, title VI, §601(b)(2), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2268
Status: repealed

Section 1601, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §702, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 354, related to Congressional findings and purpose with respect to this chapter.

Section 1602, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §703, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 354, related to policy of the United States with respect to application of certain provisions of Federal laws.

Section 1603, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §704, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 355; Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §§641(a), 642(a), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 587; Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §321(a)–(c)(1), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2216; Pub. L. 95–561, title VI, §601(b)(1), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2268, authorized appropriations for purpose of carrying out this chapter.

Section 1604, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §705, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 355, related to apportionment to States of sums appropriated pursuant to section 1603(a) of this title for grants and contracts.

Section 1605, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §706, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 356; Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §643(a), (b), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 587; S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977, related to eligibility for assistance.

Section 1606, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §707, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 359; Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §321(c)(2), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2217, related to authorized activities with respect to financial assistance.

Section 1607, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §708, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 360; Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §§644, 645, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 588; Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(a)(12), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2235, related to special programs and projects with respect to financial assistance.

Section 1608, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §709, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 361; Pub. L. 93–380, title II, §222, title VI, §642(b), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 519, 587; Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(i), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2237, related to availability of sums for metropolitan area projects.

Section 1609, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §710, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 362; Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §643(c), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 587; Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §323(a)(5), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2218, related to applications for assistance.

Section 1610, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §711, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 366, related to availability of funds for educational television.

Section 1611, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §712, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 366, related to payment of assistance to applicant.

Section 1612, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §713, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 367, related to evaluation of programs and projects assisted under this chapter.

Section 1613, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §714, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 368; S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977, related to reports to President and Congressional committees.

Section 1614, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §715, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 368, related to administration of joint funding with respect to programs and projects under this chapter.

Section 1615, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §716, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 368; Pub. L. 93–380, title VIII, §845(e), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 612; Pub. L. 94–43, §3, June 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 233; Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §321(d), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2217, related to establishment of National Advisory Council on Equality of Educational Opportunity.

Section 1616, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §717(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 369, related to applicability of General Education Provisions Act to this chapter.

Section 1617, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §718, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 369, related to allowance of reasonable attorney's fees respecting a final order by a court against an educational agency, a State, etc., for failure to comply with provisions of this chapter, discrimination on basis of race, etc.

Section 1618, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §719, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 369, related to effect of this chapter on method of student assignment.

Section 1619, Pub. L. 92–318, title VII, §720, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 369; Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §643(d), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 587; Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §321(c)(3), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2217, defined terms used in this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Pub. L. 95–561, title VI, §601(b)(2), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2268, provided that the repeal is effective Sept. 30, 1979.
20 U.S.C. § 3225 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 47: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter V: DRUG EDUCATION / Section 3225: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4302, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–153, which established National Trust for Drug-Free Youth, was transferred to section 7105 of this title, and subsequently omitted from the Code.
20 U.S.C. § 9542 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 76: EDUCATION RESEARCH, STATISTICS, EVALUATION, INFORMATION, AND DISSEMINATION / Subchapter I: EDUCATION SCIENCES REFORM / Section 9542: Commissioner for Education Statistics
Commissioner for Education Statistics
Status: in_force

The Statistics Center shall be headed by a Commissioner for Education Statistics (in this part referred to as the "Statistics Commissioner") who shall be highly qualified and have substantial knowledge of statistical methodologies and activities undertaken by the Statistics Center.

(Pub. L. 107–279, title I, §152, Nov. 5, 2002, 116 Stat. 1958.)
20 U.S.C. § 50a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter I: CHARTER PROVISIONS / Section 50a: Gellatly art collection; estimates of sums needed for preservation and maintenance
Gellatly art collection; estimates of sums needed for preservation and maintenance
Status: in_force

The Smithsonian Institution is authorized to include in its estimates of appropriations such sums as may be needful for the preservation and maintenance of the John Gellatly art collection.

(June 5, 1929, ch. 9, 46 Stat. 5.)
20 U.S.C. § 1102b (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter V: DEVELOPING INSTITUTIONS / Section 1102b: Authorized activities
Authorized activities
Status: in_force

Grants awarded under this part shall be used for one or more of the following activities:

(1) Purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes.

(2) Construction, maintenance, renovation, and improvement of classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and other instructional facilities, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services.

(3) Purchase of library books, periodicals, technical and other scientific journals, microfilm, microfiche, and other educational materials, including telecommunications program materials.

(4) Support for low-income postbaccalaureate students including outreach, academic support services, mentoring, scholarships, fellowships, and other financial assistance to permit the enrollment of such students in postbaccalaureate certificate and postbaccalaureate degree granting programs.

(5) Support of faculty exchanges, faculty development, faculty research, curriculum development, and academic instruction.

(6) Creating or improving facilities for Internet or other distance education technologies, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services.

(7) Collaboration with other institutions of higher education to expand postbaccalaureate certificate and postbaccalaureate degree offerings.

(8) Other activities proposed in the application submitted pursuant to section 1102c of this title that—

(A) contribute to carrying out the purposes of this part; and

(B) are approved by the Secretary as part of the review and acceptance of such application.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §513, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title V, §502(a)(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3332.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1102b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §503, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 658, related to local applications and use of funds, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

A prior section 513 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 523, and is classified to section 1103b of this title.

Another prior section 513 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1103b of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

Another prior section 513 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1103b of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325.

Another prior section 513 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1103 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 97–35.
20 U.S.C. § 1440 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 33: EDUCATION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES / Subchapter III: INFANTS AND TODDLERS WITH DISABILITIES / Section 1440: Payor of last resort
Payor of last resort
Status: in_force

(a) Nonsubstitution

Funds provided under section 1443 of this title may not be used to satisfy a financial commitment for services that would have been paid for from another public or private source, including any medical program administered by the Secretary of Defense, but for the enactment of this subchapter, except that whenever considered necessary to prevent a delay in the receipt of appropriate early intervention services by an infant, toddler, or family in a timely fashion, funds provided under section 1443 of this title may be used to pay the provider of services pending reimbursement from the agency that has ultimate responsibility for the payment.

(b) Obligations related to and methods of ensuring services

(1) Establishing financial responsibility for services

(A) In general

The Chief Executive Officer of a State or designee of the officer shall ensure that an interagency agreement or other mechanism for interagency coordination is in effect between each public agency and the designated lead agency, in order to ensure—

(i) the provision of, and financial responsibility for, services provided under this subchapter; and

(ii) such services are consistent with the requirements of section 1435 of this title and the State's application pursuant to section 1437 of this title, including the provision of such services during the pendency of any such dispute.

(B) Consistency between agreements or mechanisms under subchapter II

The Chief Executive Officer of a State or designee of the officer shall ensure that the terms and conditions of such agreement or mechanism are consistent with the terms and conditions of the State's agreement or mechanism under section 1412(a)(12) of this title, where appropriate.

(2) Reimbursement for services by public agency

(A) In general

If a public agency other than an educational agency fails to provide or pay for the services pursuant to an agreement required under paragraph (1), the local educational agency or State agency (as determined by the Chief Executive Officer or designee) shall provide or pay for the provision of such services to the child.

(B) Reimbursement

Such local educational agency or State agency is authorized to claim reimbursement for the services from the public agency that failed to provide or pay for such services and such public agency shall reimburse the local educational agency or State agency pursuant to the terms of the interagency agreement or other mechanism required under paragraph (1).

(3) Special rule

The requirements of paragraph (1) may be met through—

(A) State statute or regulation;

(B) signed agreements between respective agency officials that clearly identify the responsibilities of each agency relating to the provision of services; or

(C) other appropriate written methods as determined by the Chief Executive Officer of the State or designee of the officer and approved by the Secretary through the review and approval of the State's application pursuant to section 1437 of this title.

(c) Reduction of other benefits

Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to permit the State to reduce medical or other assistance available or to alter eligibility under title V of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 701 et seq.] (relating to maternal and child health) or title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.] (relating to medicaid for infants or toddlers with disabilities) within the State.

(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, §640, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, §101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2757.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, as amended. Titles V and XIX of the Act are classified generally to subchapters V (§701 et seq.) and XIX (§1396 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1440, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, §640, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, §101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 116, related to the payor of last resort, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
20 U.S.C. § 1124 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter VI: INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS / Section 1124: Undergraduate international studies and foreign language programs
Undergraduate international studies and foreign language programs
Status: in_force

(a) Incentives for creation of new programs and strengthening of existing programs in undergraduate international studies and foreign language programs

(1) Authority

The Secretary is authorized to make grants to institutions of higher education, consortia of such institutions, or partnerships between nonprofit educational organizations and institutions of higher education, to assist such institutions, consortia or partnerships in planning, developing, and carrying out programs to improve undergraduate instruction in international studies and foreign languages. Such grants shall be awarded to institutions, consortia or partnerships seeking to create new programs or to strengthen existing programs in foreign languages, area studies, and other international fields.

(2) Use of funds

Grants made under this section may be used for the Federal share of the cost of projects and activities which are an integral part of such a program, such as—

(A) planning for the development and expansion of undergraduate programs in international studies and foreign languages;

(B) teaching, research, curriculum development, faculty training in the United States or abroad, and other related activities, including—

(i) the expansion of library and teaching resources; and

(ii) pre-service teacher training and in-service teacher professional development;

(C) expansion of opportunities for learning foreign languages, including less commonly taught languages;

(D) programs under which foreign teachers and scholars may visit institutions as visiting faculty;

(E) programs designed to develop or enhance linkages between 2- and 4-year institutions of higher education, or baccalaureate and post-baccalaureate programs or institutions;

(F) the development of undergraduate educational programs—

(i) in locations abroad where such opportunities are not otherwise available or that serve students for whom such opportunities are not otherwise available; and

(ii) that provide courses that are closely related to on-campus foreign language and international curricula;

(G) the integration of new and continuing education abroad opportunities for undergraduate students into curricula of specific degree programs;

(H) the development of model programs to enrich or enhance the effectiveness of educational programs abroad, including predeparture and postreturn programs, and the integration of educational programs abroad into the curriculum of the home institution;

(I) the provision of grants for educational programs abroad that—

(i) are closely linked to the program's overall goals; and

(ii) have the purpose of promoting foreign language fluency and knowledge of world regions;

(J) the development of programs designed to integrate professional and technical education with foreign languages, area studies, and other international fields;

(K) the establishment of linkages overseas with institutions of higher education and organizations that contribute to the educational programs assisted under this subsection;

(L) the conduct of summer institutes in foreign area, foreign language, and other international fields to provide faculty and curriculum development, including the integration of professional and technical education with foreign area and other international studies, and to provide foreign area and other international knowledge or skills to government personnel or private sector professionals in international activities;

(M) the development of partnerships between—

(i) institutions of higher education; and

(ii) the private sector, government, or elementary and secondary education institutions,

in order to enhance international knowledge and skills; and

(N) the use of innovative technology to increase access to international education programs.

(3) Non-Federal share

The non-Federal share of the cost of the programs assisted under this subsection—

(A) may be provided in cash from the private sector corporations or foundations in an amount equal to one-third of the total cost of the programs assisted under this section; or

(B) may be provided as an in-cash or in-kind contribution from institutional and noninstitutional funds, including State and private sector corporation or foundation contributions, equal to one-half of the total cost of the programs assisted under this section.

(4) Special rule

The Secretary may waive or reduce the required non-Federal share for institutions that—

(A) are eligible to receive assistance under part A or B of subchapter III or under subchapter V; and

(B) have submitted a grant application under this section that demonstrates a need for a waiver or reduction.

(5) Priority

In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to applications from institutions of higher education, consortia or partnerships that require entering students to have successfully completed at least 2 years of secondary school foreign language instruction or that require each graduating student to earn 2 years of postsecondary credit in a foreign language (or have demonstrated equivalent competence in the foreign language) or, in the case of a 2-year degree granting institution, offer 2 years of postsecondary credit in a foreign language.

(6) Grant conditions

Grants under this subsection shall reflect the purposes of this part and be made on such conditions as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this subsection.

(7) Application

Each application for assistance under this subsection shall include—

(A) evidence that the applicant has conducted extensive planning prior to submitting the application;

(B) an assurance that the faculty and administrators of all relevant departments and programs served by the applicant are involved in ongoing collaboration with regard to achieving the stated objectives of the application;

(C) an assurance that students at the applicant institutions, as appropriate, will have equal access to, and derive benefits from, the program assisted under this subsection;

(D) an assurance that each applicant, consortium, or partnership will use the Federal assistance provided under this subsection to supplement and not supplant non-Federal funds the institution expends for programs to improve undergraduate instruction in international studies and foreign languages;

(E) a description of how the applicant will provide information to students regarding federally funded scholarship programs in related areas;

(F) an explanation of how the activities funded by the grant will reflect diverse perspectives and a wide range of views and generate debate on world regions and international affairs, where applicable; and

(G) a description of how the applicant will encourage service in areas of national need, as identified by the Secretary.

(8) Evaluation

The Secretary may establish requirements for program evaluations and require grant recipients to submit annual reports that evaluate the progress and performance of students participating in programs assisted under this subsection.

(b) Programs of national significance

The Secretary may also award grants to public and private nonprofit agencies and organizations, including professional and scholarly associations, whenever the Secretary determines such grants will make an especially significant contribution to improving undergraduate international studies and foreign language programs.

(c) Funding support

(1) In general

The Secretary may use not more than 20 percent of the total amount appropriated for this part for carrying out the purposes of this section.

(2) Grantees

Of the total amount of grant funds awarded to a grantee under this section, the grantee may use not more than ten percent of such funds for the activity described in subsection (a)(2)(I).

(Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §604, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title VI, §601, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1778; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title VI, §§604, 610(a), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3336, 3338; Pub. L. 111–39, title VI, §601(a)(1), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1953.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1124, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §604, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title VI, §601(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1466; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title VI, §604, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1516; Pub. L. 102–325, title VI, §601, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 722, authorized grants for undergraduate international studies and foreign language programs, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 105–244.

Another prior section 1124, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §604, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1263; Pub. L. 89–752, §14, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1244; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, §242(b)–(d), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1041; Pub. L. 94–482, title I, §157, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2156, provided for grants to institutions of higher education for projects, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

A prior section 1124a, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §605, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title VI, §605(2), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1517; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title VI, §601, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 725, authorized grants for intensive summer language institutes, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 105–244.

Amendments

2009—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 111–39, §601(a)(1)(A), inserted "the" before "Federal" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(7)(D). Pub. L. 111–39, §601(a)(1)(B), substituted "applicant, consortium," for "institution, combination".

2008—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(1), substituted "consortia" for "combinations" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(2)(A), amended cl. (ii) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (ii) read as follows: "preservice and inservice teacher training;".

Subsec. (a)(2)(I) to (N). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(2)(B), (C), added subpar. (I) and redesignated former subpars. (I) to (M) as (J) to (N), respectively.

Subsec. (a)(4)(B). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(3), inserted "that demonstrates a need for a waiver or reduction" before period at end.

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 110–315, §610(a), substituted "consortia" for "combinations".

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(4), inserted "reflect the purposes of this part and" after "subsection shall".

Subsec. (a)(7)(E) to (G). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(5), added subpars. (E) to (G).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–315, §604(6), designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, substituted "20 percent" for "10 percent", and added par. (2).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1140r (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter VII: GRADUATE AND POSTSECONDARY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS / Section 1140r: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subpart such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §778, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title VII, §709(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3377.)
20 U.S.C. § 55 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter I: CHARTER PROVISIONS / Section 55: Acceptance of other sums
Acceptance of other sums
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to receive into the Treasury, on the same terms as the original bequest of James Smithson, such sums as the Regents may, from time to time, see fit to deposit, not exceeding, with the original bequest, the sum of $1,000,000. This shall not operate as a limitation on the power of the Smithsonian Institution to receive money or other property by gift, bequest, or devise, and to hold and dispose of the same in promotion of the purposes thereof.

(R.S. §5591; Mar. 12, 1894, ch. 36, 28 Stat. 41.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §5591 derived from act Feb. 5, 1867, ch. 34, §1, 14 Stat. 391.

Amendments

1894—Act Mar. 12, 1894, made limitation on deposits into the Treasury inapplicable to receipt of gifts, bequests and devises and dispositions of money or other property.
20 U.S.C. § 711 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 21: HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITIES / Subchapter I: GRANTS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGRADUATE ACADEMIC FACILITIES / Section 711: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-318, title I, §161(b)(2), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 303
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-318, title I, §161(b)(2), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 303
Status: repealed

Section 711, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §101, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 364; Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §701(b), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1267; Pub. L. 89–752, §2(a), (b), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1240; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §401(a)(1), (2), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, authorized appropriations for grants for construction of undergraduate academic facilities.

Section 712, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §102, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 364; Pub. L. 89–752, §2(c), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1241 provided for allotment of funds.

Section 713, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §103, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 365; Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §702(a)(1), (2), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1267; Pub. L. 89–752, §2(d), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1241; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §§401(a)(4), 406(a), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, 1061, provided for allotments for public community colleges and technical institutes, providing in former subsec. (a) for basis of computation and minimum amount; subsec. (b) availability of funds; subsec. (c) reallotment of unreserved funds at close of fiscal year and factors considered; subsec. (d) allotment ratio, specification and promulgation thereof, and definition of high school graduate.

Section 714, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §104, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 366; Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §702(b)(1), (2), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1267; Pub. L. 89–752, §2(d), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1241; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §§401(a)(4), 406(a), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, 1061, provided for allotments for institutions of higher education other than public community colleges and technical institutes, providing in former subsec. (a) for considerations and determinations affecting allotments and minimum; subsec. (b) availability of funds; and subsec. (c) reallotment of unreserved funds at close of fiscal year and factors considered.

Section 715, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §105, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 367; Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §702(a)(3), (4), (b)(3), (c)(1), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1267, 1268; Pub. L. 89–752, §3(a), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1241; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §401(a)(3), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, provided for State commissions and plans and authorized expenditures.

Section 716, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §106, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 368; Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §701(a), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1266; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §402(a)(1), (b)(1), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, 1060, related to eligibility of institutions for grants and expansion of student enrollment capacity.

Section 717, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §107, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 368; Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §702(c)(2), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1268; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §§402(a)(2), 405(a), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, 1061, provided basic criteria for determining priorities and Federal share.

Section 718, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §108, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 369; Pub. L. 90–575, title IV, §402(a)(3), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1059, related to applications for grants, providing in former subsec. (a) for submission of applications by institutions; subsec. (b) conditions for approval; and subsec. (c) amendments of applications.

Section 719, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §109, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 370, provided for reservation and payment of grant.

Section 720, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §110, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 370, provided for disapproval of State plans, notice and hearing, findings of Commissioner, and notification of non-eligibility.

Section 721, Pub. L. 88–204, title I, §111, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 370, related to judicial review, providing in former subsec. (a) for appeal by State of Commissioner's final action to court of appeals; subsec. (b) findings of Commissioner conclusive if substantially supported, remand for taking further evidence, and new or modified findings conclusive if supported; subsec. (c) jurisdiction of court of appeals and review by Supreme Court.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1972, see section 161(b)(2) of Pub. L. 92–318.
20 U.S.C. § 1756 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 39: EQUAL EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND TRANSPORTATION OF STUDENTS / Subchapter II: ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSPORTATION OF STUDENTS / Section 1756: Remedies with respect to school district lines
Remedies with respect to school district lines
Status: in_force

In the formulation of remedies under this chapter the lines drawn by a State subdividing its territory into separate school districts, shall not be ignored or altered except where it is established that the lines were drawn, or maintained or crossed for the purpose, and had the effect of segregating children among public schools on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin, or where it is established that, as a result of discriminatory actions within the school districts, the lines have had the effect of segregating children among public schools on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin.

(Pub. L. 93–380, title II, §257, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 520.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on and after sixtieth day after Aug. 21, 1974, see section 2(c) of Pub. L. 93–380, set out as a note under section 1221–1 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1087oo (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1087oo: Student aid index for dependent students
Student aid index for dependent students
Status: in_force

(a) Computation of student aid index

(1) In general

Except as provided in paragraph (2), for each dependent student, the student aid index is equal to the sum of—

(A) the assessment of the parents' adjusted available income (determined in accordance with subsection (b));

(B) the assessment of the student's available income (determined in accordance with subsection (g)); and

(C) the student's available assets (determined in accordance with subsection (h)).

(2) Exception

If the sum determined under paragraph (1) with respect to a dependent student is less than − $1,500, the student aid index for the dependent student shall be − $1,500.

(b) Assessment of parents' adjusted available income

The assessment of parents' adjusted available income is equal to the amount determined by—

(1) computing adjusted available income by adding—

(A) the parents' available income (determined in accordance with subsection (c)); and

(B) the parents' available assets (determined in accordance with subsection (d));

(2) assessing such adjusted available income in accordance with the assessment schedule set forth in subsection (e); and

(3) considering such assessment resulting under paragraph (2) as the amount determined under this subsection.

(c) Parents' available income

(1) In general

The parents' available income is determined by subtracting from total income (as defined in section 1087vv of this title)—

(A) Federal income taxes;

(B) an allowance for payroll taxes, determined in accordance with paragraph (2);

(C) an income protection allowance, determined in accordance with paragraph (3); and

(D) an employment expense allowance, determined in accordance with paragraph (4).

(2) Allowance for payroll taxes

The allowance for payroll taxes is equal to the sum of—

(A) the total amount earned by the parents, multiplied by the rate of tax under section 3101(b) of title 26; and

(B) the amount earned by the parents that does not exceed such contribution and benefit base (twice such contribution and benefit base, in the case of a joint return) for the year of the earnings, multiplied by the rate of tax applicable to such earnings under section 3101(a) of title 26.

(3) Income protection allowance

The income protection allowance shall equal the amount determined in the following table, as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant to section 1087rr(b) of this title:

Income Protection Allowance (to be adjusted for 2023–2024 and succeeding years)

Family Size (including 
student)
Amount

2 
$23,330

3 
$29,040

4 
$35,870

5 
$42,320

6 
$49,500

For each additional add 
$5,590.

(4) Employment expense allowance

The employment expense allowance is equal to the lesser of $4,000 or 35 percent of the single parent's earned income or married parents' combined earned income (as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant to section 1087rr(g) of this title).

(d) Parents' available assets

(1) In general

(A) Determination

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the parents' available assets are equal to—

(i) the difference between the parents' assets and the asset protection allowance (determined in accordance with paragraph (2)); multiplied by

(ii) 12 percent.

(B) Not less than zero

The parents' available assets under this subsection shall not be less than zero.

(2) Asset protection allowance

The asset protection allowance is calculated based on the following table (as revised by the Secretary pursuant to section 10877rr(d) of this title):

Asset Protection Allowances for Parents of Dependent Students

If the age of the oldest parent is—And there are

two parentsone parent

 

(1)then the allowance is—

25 or less 
 $  0 
   $0

26 
 $400 
 $100

27 
 $700 
 $300

28 
 $1,100 
 $400

29 
 $1,500 
 $600

30 
 $1,800 
 $700

31 
 $2,200 
 $800

32 
 $2,600 
 $1,000

33 
 $2,900 
 $1,100

34 
 $3,300 
 $1,300

35 
 $3,700 
 $1,400

36 
 $4,000 
 $1,500

37 
 $4,400 
 $1,700

38 
 $4,800 
 $1,800

39 
 $5,100 
 $2,000

40 
 $5,500 
 $2,100

41 
 $5,600 
 $2,200

42 
 $5,700 
 $2,200

43 
 $5,900 
 $2,300

44 
 $6,000 
 $2,300

45 
 $6,200 
 $2,400

46 
 $6,300 
 $2,400

47 
 $6,500 
 $2,500

48 
 $6,600 
 $2,500

49 
 $6,800 
 $2,600

50 
 $7,000 
 $2,700

51 
 $7,100 
 $2,700

52 
 $7,300 
 $2,800

53 
 $7,500 
 $2,900

54 
 $7,700 
 $2,900

55 
 $7,900 
 $3,000

56 
 $8,100 
 $3,100

57 
 $8,400 
 $3,100

58 
 $8,600 
 $3,200

59 
 $8,800 
 $3,300

60 
 $9,100 
 $3,400

61 
 $9,300 
 $3,500

62 
 $9,600 
 $3,600

63 
 $9,900 
 $3,700

64 
$10,200 
 $3,800

65 or more 
$10,500 
 $3,900.

(e) Assessment schedule

The assessment of the parents' adjusted available income (as determined under subsection (b)(1) and hereafter in this subsection referred to as "AAI") is calculated based on the following table (as revised by the Secretary pursuant to section 1087rr(e) of this title):

Parents' Contribution From AAI

If the parents' AAI is—Then the parents' contribution from AAI is—

Less than − $6,820 
− $1,500

− $6,820 to $17,400 
22% of AAI

 $17,401 to $21,800 
$3,828 + 25% of AAI over $17,400

 $21,801 to $26,200 
$4,928 + 29% of AAI over $21,800

 $26,201 to $30,700 
$6,204 + 34% of AAI over $26,200

 $30,701 to $35,100 
$7,734 + 40% of AAI over $30,700

 $35,101 or more 
$9,494 + 47% of AAI over $35,100.

(f) Consideration of parental income

(1) Parents who live together

Parental income and assets in the case of student whose parents are married and not separated, or who are unmarried but live together, shall include the income and assets of both parents.

(2) Divorced or separated parents

Parental income and assets for a student whose parents are divorced or separated, but not remarried, is determined by including only the income and assets of the parent who provides the greater portion of the student's financial support.

(3) Death of a parent

Parental income and assets in the case of the death of any parent is determined as follows:

(A) If either of the parents has died, the surviving parent shall be considered a single parent, until that parent has remarried.

(B) If both parents have died, the student shall not report any parental income or assets.

(4) Remarried parents

If a parent whose income and assets are taken into account under paragraph (2), or if a parent who is a widow or widower and whose income is taken into account under paragraph (3), has remarried, the income of that parent's spouse shall be included in determining the parent's assessment of adjusted available income if the student's parent and the stepparent are married as of the date of application for the award year concerned.

(5) Single parent who is not divorced or separated

Parental income and assets in the case of a student whose parent is not described in paragraph (1) and is a single parent who is not divorced, separated, or remarried, shall include the income and assets of such single parent.

(g) Student's available income

(1) In general

The student's available income is equal to—

(A) the difference between the student's total income (determined in accordance with section 480) and the adjustment to student income (determined in accordance with paragraph (2)); multiplied by

(B) 50 percent,

except that the amount determined under this paragraph shall not be less than − $1,500 for award year 2024–2025 and not less than zero for award year 2025–2026 and each award year thereafter.

(2) Adjustment to student income

The adjustment to student income is equal to the sum of—

(A) Federal income taxes;

(B) an allowance for payroll taxes determined in accordance with paragraph (3);

(C) an income protection allowance that is equal to $9,410, as adjusted pursuant to section 1087rr(b) of this title; and

(D) an allowance for parents' negative available income, determined in accordance with paragraph (4).

(3) Allowance for payroll taxes

The allowance for payroll taxes is equal to the sum of—

(A) the total amount earned by the student, multiplied by the rate of tax under section 3101(b) of title 26; and

(B) the amount earned by the student that does not exceed such contribution and benefit base for the year of the earnings, multiplied by the rate of tax applicable to such earnings under section 3101(a) of title 26.

(4) Allowance for parents' negative available income

The allowance for parents' negative available income is the amount, if any, by which the sum of the amounts deducted under subsection (c)(1) exceeds the sum of the parents' total income (as defined in section 1087vv of this title) and the parents' available assets (as determined in accordance with subsection (d)).

(h) Student's assets

The student's assets are determined by calculating the assets of the student and multiplying such amount by 20 percent, except that the result shall not be less than zero.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §475, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IV, §406(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1456; amended Pub. L. 100–50, §14(1)–(12), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 349, 350; Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, §471(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 587; Pub. L. 103–208, §2(g)(2)–(5), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2472; Pub. L. 105–78, title VI, §609(g), Nov. 13, 1997, 111 Stat. 1523; Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, §473, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1729; Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, §8017(a)(1), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 173; Pub. L. 110–84, title VI, §601(a), Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 801; Pub. L. 111–39, title IV, §406(a)(2), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1948; Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title VII, §702(d), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3141; Pub. L. 118–40, div. B, §101(a), Mar. 1, 2024, 138 Stat. 18.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 118–40 amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The student's available income is equal to—

"(A) the difference between the student's total income (determined in accordance with section 1087vv of this title) and the adjustment to student income (determined in accordance with paragraph (2)); multiplied by

"(B) 50 percent."

2020—Pub. L. 116–260 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to family contribution for dependent students.

2009—Subsec. (c)(5)(B). Pub. L. 111–39 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 2 of title 26.

2007—Subsec. (g)(2)(D). Pub. L. 110–84 amended subpar. (D) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (D) read as follows: "an income protection allowance of $3,000 (or a successor amount prescribed by the Secretary under section 1087rr of this title);".

2006—Subsec. (g)(2)(D). Pub. L. 109–171, §8017(a)(1)(A), substituted "$3,000" for "$2,200".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 109–171, §8017(a)(1)(B), substituted "20" for "35".

1998—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 105–244, §473(a), which directed insertion of ", excluding the student's parents," after "number of family members", was executed by making the insertion after "number of the family members" to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (g)(2)(D). Pub. L. 105–244, §473(b)(1)(A), substituted "$2,200 (or a successor amount prescribed by the Secretary under section 1087rr of this title);" for "$1,750; and".

Subsec. (g)(2)(F). Pub. L. 105–244, §473(b)(1)(B), (C), added subpar. (F).

Subsec. (g)(6). Pub. L. 105–244, §473(b)(2), added par. (6).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 105–244, §473(c), added subsec. (j).

1997—Subsec. (c)(1)(F). Pub. L. 105–78, §609(g)(1), added subpar. (F).

Subsec. (g)(2)(E). Pub. L. 105–78, §609(g)(2), added subpar. (E).

1993—Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 103–208, §2(g)(2), substituted "$9,510" for "9,510" in table.

Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 103–208, §2(g)(3), in introductory provisions, substituted "If a parent" for "Income in the case of a parent", "(1) of this subsection, or if a parent" for "(1) of this subsection, or a parent", and "the income" for "is determined as follows: The income".

Subsec. (g)(1)(B). Pub. L. 103–208, §2(g)(4), inserted closing parenthesis after "paragraph (2)".

Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 103–208, §2(g)(5), in table added last item relating to Other.

1992—Pub. L. 102–325 amended section generally, making minor changes in subsecs. (a) to (c) and (e) to (g), in subsec. (d) substituting provisions relating to parents' contribution from assets for provisions relating to parents' income supplemental amount from assets, in subsec. (h) substituting provisions relating to student contribution from assets for provisions relating to student and spouse income supplemental amount from assets, and in subsec. (i) substituting provisions relating to adjustments to parents' contribution for enrollment periods other than 9 months for purposes other than subpart 2 of part A of this subchapter for provisions relating to adjustments for enrollment periods other than 9 months.

1987—Subsec. (c)(2), (4). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(1), substituted "section 1087rr of this title" for "section 1087ss of this title".

Subsec. (c)(7). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(2), struck out "National" before "Center".

Subsec. (d)(2)(B). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(3), substituted "displaced homemaker" for "dislocated homemaker".

Subsec. (d)(2)(C). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(1), substituted "section 1087rr of this title" for "section 1087ss of this title".

Pub. L. 100–50, §14(4), added table after subpar. (C) and struck out former table which read as follows:

"Adjusted Net Worth of a Business or Farm

If the net worth of a business or farm is—Then the adjusted net worth is:

Less than $1 
$0

$1–$65,000 
40 percent of NW

$65,001–$195,000 
$26,000 plus 50 percent of NW over $65,000

$195,001–$325,000 
$91,000 plus 60 percent of NW over $195,000

$325,001 or more 
$169,000 plus 100 percent of NW over $325,000".

Subsec. (d)(4)(B). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(5), substituted "$15,999" for "$15,000".

Subsec. (d)(4)(C). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(6), substituted "$16,000" for "$15,000" in three places.

Subsec. (d)(4)(D). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(7), substituted "income is less than zero" for "income is equal to or less than zero".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(8), inserted a minus sign before "$3,409" in two places in table.

Subsec. (g)(1)(C). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(9), substituted "paragraph (2)" for "paragraph (3)".

Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(10), inserted "(or a successor table prescribed by the Secretary under section 1087rr of this title)" after "following table".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(11), added subsec. (h) and struck out former subsec. (h) which read as follows: "The student (and spouse) supplemental income amount from assets is determined by multiplying by 35 percent the sum of—

"(1) the current balance of checking and savings accounts and cash on hand; and

"(2) the net value of investments and real estate, including the net value in the principal place of residence except in the case of a dislocated worker (certified in accordance with title III of the Job Training Partnership Act) or a dislocated homemaker (as defined in section 1087vv(e) of this title)."

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(12), added subsec. (i).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2024 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 118–40 effective and applicable as if included in title VII of div. FF of Pub. L. 116–260, see section 101(d) of div. B of Pub. L. 118–40, set out as a note under section 1070a of this title.

Effective Date of 2020 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 116–260 effective July 1, 2024, except as otherwise expressly provided, and applicable with respect to award year 2024–2025 and each subsequent award year, as determined under this chapter, see section 701(b) of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Effective Date of 2007 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–84, title VI, §601(e), Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 804, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1087pp, 1087qq, and 1087rr of this title] shall be effective on July 1, 2009."

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–171 effective July 1, 2006, except as otherwise provided, see section 8001(c) of Pub. L. 109–171, set out as a note under section 1002 of this title.

Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, §8017(a)(2), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 173, provided that: "The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to determinations of need for periods of enrollment beginning on or after July 1, 2007."

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244, effective Oct. 7, 1998, and applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for academic years beginning on or after July 1, 2000, see section 480A of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–325 applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for award years beginning on or after July 1, 1993, see section 471(b) of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 9707 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 77: FINANCIAL LITERACY AND EDUCATION IMPROVEMENT / Section 9707: The national public service multimedia campaign to enhance the state of financial literacy
The national public service multimedia campaign to enhance the state of financial literacy
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of the Treasury (in this section referred to as the "Secretary"), after review of the recommendations of the Commission, as part of the national strategy, shall develop, implement, and conduct a pilot national public service multimedia campaign to enhance the state of financial literacy and education in the United States.

(b) Program requirements

(1) Public service campaign

The Secretary, after review of the recommendations of the Commission, shall select and work with a nonprofit organization or organizations that are especially well-qualified in the distribution of public service campaigns, and have secured private sector funds to produce the pilot national public service multimedia campaign.

(2) Development of multimedia campaign

The Secretary, after review of the recommendations of the Commission, shall develop, in consultation with nonprofit, public, or private organizations, especially those that are well qualified by virtue of their experience in the field of financial literacy and education, to develop the financial literacy national public service multimedia campaign.

(3) Focus of campaign

The pilot national public service multimedia campaign shall be consistent with the national strategy, and shall promote the toll-free telephone number and the website developed under this chapter.

(c) Multilingual

The Secretary may develop the multimedia campaign in languages other than English, as the Secretary deems appropriate.

(d) Performance measures

The Secretary shall develop measures to evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot national public service multimedia campaign, as measured by improved financial decision making among individuals.

(e) Report

For each fiscal year for which there are appropriations pursuant to the authorization in subsection (e),1 the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, describing the status and implementation of the provisions of this section and the state of financial literacy and education in the United States.

(f) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, not to exceed $3,000,000 for fiscal years 2004, 2005, and 2006, for the development, production, and distribution of a pilot national public service multimedia campaign under this section.

(Pub. L. 108–159, title V, §518, Dec. 4, 2003, 117 Stat. 2009.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section subject to joint regulations establishing effective dates as prescribed by Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission, except as otherwise provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–159, set out as an Effective Date of 2003 Amendment note under section 1681 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

1 So in original. Probably should be subsection "(f),".
20 U.S.C. § 3508 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 48: DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION / Subchapter V: TRANSITIONAL, SAVINGS, AND CONFORMING PROVISIONS / Section 3508: Department of Health and Human Services
Department of Health and Human Services
Status: in_force

(a) Redesignation of Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare is hereby redesignated the Department of Health and Human Services, and the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare or any other official of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare is hereby redesignated the Secretary or official, as appropriate, of Health and Human Services.

(b) Reference to Department, Secretary, etc., of Health, Education, and Welfare deemed reference to Department, Secretary, etc., of Health and Human Services

Any reference to the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, or any other official of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in any law, rule, regulation, certificate, directive, instruction, or other official paper in force on May 4, 1980, shall be deemed to refer and apply to the Department of Health and Human Services or the Secretary of Health and Human Services, respectively, except to the extent such reference is to a function or office transferred to the Secretary or the Department under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §509, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695; Pub. L. 107–217, §6(b), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1304; Pub. L. 108–178, §2(b)(2), Dec. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 2640.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

In subsec. (b), "May 4, 1980" substituted for "the effective date of this chapter" pursuant to section 601 of Pub. L. 96–88, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3401 of this title.

Amendments

2003—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–178 amended Pub. L. 107–217, §6(b). See 2002 Amendment note below.

2002—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–217, §6(b), which had repealed subsec. (b) of this section, was itself repealed by Pub. L. 108–178 insofar as it related to subsec. (b) of this section, and Pub. L. 108–178 further provided that subsec. (b) of this section was revived to read as if Pub. L. 107–217, §6(b), had not been enacted.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–178 effective Aug. 21, 2002, see section 5 of Pub. L. 108–178, set out as a note under section 5334 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
20 U.S.C. § 1102c (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter V: DEVELOPING INSTITUTIONS / Section 1102c: Application and duration
Application and duration
Status: in_force

(a) Application

Any eligible institution may apply for a grant under this part by submitting an application to the Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require. Such application shall demonstrate how the grant funds will be used to improve postbaccalaureate education opportunities for Hispanic and low-income students.

(b) Duration

Grants under this part shall be awarded for a period not to exceed five years.

(c) Limitation

The Secretary may not award more than one grant under this part in any fiscal year to any Hispanic-serving institution.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §514, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title V, §502(a)(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3332.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1102c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §504, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 661, related to State uses of funds, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

A prior section 514 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 524, and is classified to section 1103c of this title.

Another prior section 514 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1103c of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

Another prior section 514 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1103c of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325.

Another prior section 514 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1104 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 97–35.

Prior sections 1102d to 1102j were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

Section 1102d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §505, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 663; amended Pub. L. 103–208, §2(j)(1), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2480, related to State Academies for teachers.

Section 1102e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §506, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 666, related to State Academies for school leaders.

Section 1102f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §507, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 669, related to uses of funds by institutions of higher education.

Section 1102g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §508, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 670, related to professional development academies.

Section 1102h, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §509, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 673, required that Federal funds supplement, not supplant, regular non-Federal funds.

Section 1102i, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §510, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 673, related to coordination with other programs.

Section 1102j, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §510A, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, §501(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 674, authorized appropriations for State and local programs for teacher excellence.
20 U.S.C. § 955b (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 26: SUPPORT AND SCHOLARSHIP IN HUMANITIES AND ARTS; MUSEUM SERVICES / Subchapter I: NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES / Section 955b: National Medal of Arts
National Medal of Arts
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is hereby established a National Medal of Arts, which shall be a medal of such design as is deemed appropriate by the President, on the basis of recommendations submitted by the National Council on the Arts, and which shall be awarded as provided in subsection (b).

(b) Award of Medal; conditions; recipients; presentation ceremonies

(1) The President shall from time to time award the National Medal of Arts, on the basis of recommendations from the National Council on the Arts, to individuals or groups who in the President's judgment are deserving of special recognition by reason of their outstanding contributions to the excellence, growth, support, and availability of the arts in the United States.

(2) Not more than twelve of such medals may be awarded in any calendar year.

(3) An individual may be awarded the National Medal of Arts only if at the time such award is made such individual—

(A) is a citizen or other national of the United States; or

(B) is an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence who (i) has filed an application or petition for naturalization in the manner prescribed by section 1445 of title 8 and (ii) is not permanently ineligible to become a citizen of the United States.

(4) A group may be awarded the National Medal of Arts only if such group is organized or incorporated in the United States.

(5) The presentation of the National Medal of Arts shall be made by the President with such ceremonies as the President may deem proper, including attendance by appropriate Members of Congress.

(c) Availability of funds

Funds made available to the National Endowment for the Arts shall be used to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 98–306, §13, May 31, 1984, 98 Stat. 225.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act Amendments of 1983, and not as part of the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965 which comprises this subchapter.
20 U.S.C. § 75e (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter III: NATIONAL PORTRAIT GALLERY / Section 75e: Powers of Board
Powers of Board
Status: in_force

For the purpose of carrying out any function authorized by section 75b of this title, the Board may—

(1) purchase, accept, borrow, or otherwise acquire portraiture, statuary, and other items for preservation, exhibition, or study. The Board may acquire any such item on the basis of its general historical interest, its artistic merit, or the historical significance of the individual to which it relates, or any combination of any such factors. The Board may acquire period furniture and other items to enhance its displays of portraiture and statuary.

(2) preserve or restore any item acquired pursuant to paragraph (1).

(3) display, loan, store, or otherwise hold any such item.

(4) sell, exchange, donate, return, or otherwise dispose of any such item.

(Pub. L. 87–443, §6, Apr. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 63.)
20 U.S.C. § 4413 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 56: AMERICAN INDIAN, ALASKA NATIVE, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN CULTURE AND ART DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter I: AMERICAN INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES / Section 4413: Executive Board
Executive Board
Status: in_force

(a) Composition

The Board shall have an Executive Board composed of—

(1) the chairman of the Board;

(2) the vice chairman of the Board;

(3) the secretary of the Board;

(4) the treasurer of the Board; and

(5) an at-large member of the Board elected by the Board at its initial meeting.

(b) Vacancies

In the case of any vacancy which occurs in the position of at-large member before the expiration of such member's term, the Board shall elect a replacement to complete that term.

(c) Meetings

The Executive Board shall hold not more than 4 regular meetings per calendar year. Special meetings may be held upon the call of the chairman or 3 members of the Executive Board.

(d) Quorum

A majority of the Executive Board shall constitute a quorum.

(e) Powers

The Executive Board may hold and use all the powers of the Board, subject to the approval of the Board.

(Pub. L. 99–498, title XV, §1506, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1603.)
20 U.S.C. § 1140d (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter VII: GRADUATE AND POSTSECONDARY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS / Section 1140d: Rule of construction
Rule of construction
Status: in_force

Nothing in this subpart shall be construed to impose any additional duty, obligation, or responsibility on an institution of higher education or on the institution's faculty, administrators, or staff than is required under section 794 of title 29 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.).

(Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §764, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title VII, §709(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3365.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 101–336, July 26, 1990, 104 Stat. 327, which is classified principally to chapter 126 (§12101 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 12101 of Title 42 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1140d, Pub. L. 89–329, title VII, §765, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title VII, §701, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1803, authorized appropriations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315, title VII, §709(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3361.

A prior section 764 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1140c of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315.

Another prior section 764 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1132g–3 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–325.

Another prior section 764 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1132d–3 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
20 U.S.C. § 1161m (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IX: ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS / Section 1161m: Incentives and rewards for low tuition
Incentives and rewards for low tuition
Status: in_force

(a) Rewards for low tuition

(1) Grants

From funds made available under subsection (e), the Secretary shall award grants to institutions of higher education that, for academic year 2009–2010 or any succeeding academic year—

(A) have an annual tuition and fee increase, expressed as a percentage change, for the most recent academic year for which satisfactory data is available, that is in the lowest 20 percent of such increases for each category described in subsection (b);

(B) are public institutions of higher education that have tuition and fees that are in the lowest quartile of institutions in each category described in subsection (b)(1), (b)(4), or (b)(7); or

(C) are public institutions of higher education that have a tuition and fee increase of less than $600 for a first-time, full-time undergraduate student.

(2) Use of funds

Funds awarded to an institution of higher education under paragraph (1) shall be distributed by the institution in the form of need-based grant aid to students who are eligible for Federal Pell Grants, except that no student shall receive an amount under this section that would cause the amount of total financial aid received by such student to exceed the cost of attendance of the institution.

(b) Categories of institutions

The categories of institutions described in subsection (a) shall be the following:

(1) four-year public institutions of higher education;

(2) four-year private, nonprofit institutions of higher education;

(3) four-year private, for-profit institutions of higher education;

(4) two-year public institutions of higher education;

(5) two-year private, nonprofit institutions of higher education;

(6) two-year private, for-profit institutions of higher education;

(7) less than two-year public institutions of higher education;

(8) less than two-year private, nonprofit institutions of higher education; and

(9) less than two-year private, for-profit institutions of higher education.

(c) Rewards for guaranteed tuition

(1) Bonus

For each institution of higher education that the Secretary determines complies with the requirements of paragraph (2) or (3) of this subsection, the Secretary shall provide to such institution a bonus amount. Such institution shall award the bonus amount in the form of need-based aid first to students who are eligible for Federal Pell Grants who were in attendance at the institution during the award year that such institution satisfied the eligibility criteria for maintaining low tuition and fees, then to students who are eligible for Federal Pell Grants who were not in attendance at the institution during such award year.

(2) Four-year institutions

An institution of higher education that provides a program of instruction for which it awards a bachelor's degree complies with the requirements of this paragraph if—

(A) for a public institution of higher education, such institution's tuition and fees are in the lowest quartile of institutions in the same category as described under subsection (b); or

(B) for any institution of higher education, such institution guarantees that for any academic year (or the equivalent) beginning on or after July 1, 2009, and for each of the four succeeding continuous academic years, the tuition and fees charged to an undergraduate student will not exceed—

(i) for a public institution of higher education, $600 per year for a full-time undergraduate student; or

(ii) for any other institution of higher education—

(I) the amount that the student was charged for an academic year at the time the student first enrolled in the institution of higher education, plus

(II) the percentage change in tuition and fees at the institution for the three most recent academic years for which data is available, multiplied by the amount determined under subclause (I).

(3) Less-than four-year institutions

An institution of higher education that does not provide a program of instruction for which it awards a bachelor's degree complies with the requirements of this paragraph if—

(A) for a public institution of higher education, such institution's tuition is in the lowest quartile of institutions in the same category as described under subsection (b); or

(B) for any institution of higher education, such institution guarantees that for any academic year (or the equivalent) beginning on or after July 1, 2009, and for each of the 1.5 succeeding continuous academic years, the tuition and fees charged to an undergraduate student will not exceed—

(i) for a public institution of higher education, $600 per year for a full-time undergraduate student; or

(ii) for any other institution of higher education—

(I) the amount that the student was charged for an academic year at the time the student first enrolled in the institution of higher education, plus

(II) the percentage change in tuition and fees at the institution for the three most recent academic years for which data is available, multiplied by the amount determined under subclause (I).

(d) Definitions

In this section, the terms "tuition and fees" and "net price" have the meaning given to such terms in section 1015a of this title.

(e) Authorization

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title VIII, §830, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title VIII, §801, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3413; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title VIII, §801(10), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1956.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2009—Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted "of institutions" for "of for institutions".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 9515 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 76: EDUCATION RESEARCH, STATISTICS, EVALUATION, INFORMATION, AND DISSEMINATION / Subchapter I: EDUCATION SCIENCES REFORM / Section 9515: Priorities
Priorities
Status: in_force

(a) Proposal

The Director shall propose to the Board priorities for the Institute (taking into consideration long-term research and development on core issues conducted through the national research and development centers). The Director shall identify topics that may require long-term research and topics that are focused on understanding and solving particular education problems and issues, including those associated with the goals and requirements of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.), the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.), and the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), such as—

(1) closing the achievement gap between high-performing and low-performing children, especially achievement gaps between minority and nonminority children and between disadvantaged children and such children's more advantaged peers; and

(2) ensuring—

(A) that all children have the ability to obtain a high-quality education (from early childhood through postsecondary education) and reach, at a minimum, proficiency on challenging State academic achievement standards and State academic assessments, particularly in mathematics, science, and reading or language arts;

(B) access to, and opportunities for, postsecondary education; and

(C) the efficacy, impact on academic achievement, and cost-effectiveness of technology use within the Nation's schools.

(b) Approval

The Board shall approve or disapprove the priorities for the Institute proposed by the Director, including any necessary revision of those priorities. The Board shall transmit any priorities so approved to the appropriate congressional committees.

(c) Consistency

The Board shall ensure that priorities of the Institute and the National Education Centers are consistent with the mission of the Institute.

(d) Public availability and comment

(1) Priorities

Before submitting to the Board proposed priorities for the Institute, the Director shall make such priorities available to the public for comment for not less than 60 days (including by means of the Internet and through publishing such priorities in the Federal Register). The Director shall provide to the Board a copy of each such comment submitted.

(2) Plan

Upon approval of such priorities, the Director shall make the Institute's plan for addressing such priorities available for public comment in the same manner as under paragraph (1).

(Pub. L. 107–279, title I, §115, Nov. 5, 2002, 116 Stat. 1948; Pub. L. 108–446, title II, §201(b)(2)(C), Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2802.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27, which is classified generally to chapter 70 (§6301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of this title and Tables.

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is title VI of Pub. L. 91–230, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 175, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1400 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1400 of this title and Tables.

The Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 89–329, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1219, which is classified generally to chapter 28 (§1001 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–446, in introductory provisions, substituted "including those associated with the goals and requirements of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.), the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.), and the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), such as" for "including those associated with the goals and requirements established in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) and the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), such as".
20 U.S.C. § 225 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 12: FOREIGN AND EXCHANGE STUDENTS / Section 225: Fund for education of Iranian students in United States
Fund for education of Iranian students in United States
Status: in_force

There is authorized to be appropriated, out of any funds in the Treasury of the United States not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $110,000, which sum shall be expended by the Secretary of State in his discretion for the education of Iranian students in the United States, in accordance with the obligation of the United States arising out of the agreement contained in an exchange of notes between this Government and the Iranian Government of July 25, July 29, November 9, and November 15, 1924, which agreement settled a claim asserted by the United States.

The said sum of $110,000 shall be deemed a trust fund received by the Secretary of State under the provisions of section 2668a of title 22, and shall be expended as therein provided. The said sum shall be deemed to constitute the fund of $110,000 received by the United States from the Iranian Government in four installments between December 24, 1924, and March 29, 1925, pursuant to the afore-mentioned notes, and deposited in the Treasury of the United States on June 24, 1925, which fund shall be deemed, insofar as the same may be necessary, to have been heretofore appropriated as a trust fund under section 2668a of title 22 and sections 1321 and 1322(a) of title 31. The Secretary of the Treasury shall make payments out of the said fund to or for the account of such persons, in such amounts, at such times, and on such terms, as the Secretary of State or his designee shall certify and the certificates of the Secretary of State or his designee issued hereunder shall be conclusive as to the propriety of payments so made. The expenditure of the said sum by the United States shall constitute full performance of the obligation of the United States to the Iranian Government or any other person arising out of the said notes and shall discharge the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to any accountability therefor.

(Sept. 29, 1950, ch. 1110, §§1, 2, 64 Stat. 1081.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Words "section 2668a of title 22" substituted in text for "the Act of February 27, 1896, (29 Stat. 32, title 31, U.S.C. sec. 547)" and "the said Act of February 27, 1896" to reflect the transfer of section 547 of Title 31, Money and Finance, to section 2668a of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Words "sections 1321 and 1322(a) of title 31" substituted in text for "the Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act, 1934, as amended, section 20 (48 Stat. 1233, 31 U.S.C., sec. 725(s) [31 U.S.C. 725s]" on authority of Pub. L. 97–258, §4(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, the first section of which enacted Title 31.
20 U.S.C. § 5371 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 64: EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION / Subchapter V: EDUCATION COORDINATION AND DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROGRAMS / Section 5371: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-382, title III, §391(l), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-382, title III, §391(l), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023
Status: repealed

Section 5371, Pub. L. 101–589, title V, §501, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2898, required science education report.

Section 5372, Pub. L. 101–589, title V, §502, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2898, required general education reports.

Section 5373, Pub. L. 101–589, title V, §503, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2899, related to Department of Energy programs.
20 U.S.C. § 7961 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VIII: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 7961: Gun-free requirements
Gun-free requirements
Status: in_force

(a) Short title

This subpart may be cited as the "Gun-Free Schools Act".

(b) Requirements

(1) In general

Each State receiving Federal funds under any subchapter of this chapter shall have in effect a State law requiring local educational agencies to expel from school for a period of not less than 1 year a student who is determined to have brought a firearm to a school, or to have possessed a firearm at a school, under the jurisdiction of local educational agencies in that State, except that such State law shall allow the chief administering officer of a local educational agency to modify such expulsion requirement for a student on a case-by-case basis if such modification is in writing.

(2) Construction

Nothing in this subpart shall be construed to prevent a State from allowing a local educational agency that has expelled a student from such a student's regular school setting from providing educational services to such student in an alternative setting.

(3) Definition

For the purpose of this section, the term "firearm" has the same meaning given such term in section 921(a) of title 18.

(c) Special rule

The provisions of this section shall be construed in a manner consistent with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.].

(d) Report to State

Each local educational agency requesting assistance from the State educational agency that is to be provided from funds made available to the State under any subchapter of this chapter shall provide to the State, in the application requesting such assistance—

(1) an assurance that such local educational agency is in compliance with the State law required by subsection (b); and

(2) a description of the circumstances surrounding any expulsions imposed under the State law required by subsection (b), including—

(A) the name of the school concerned;

(B) the number of students expelled from such school; and

(C) the type of firearms concerned.

(e) Reporting

Each State shall report the information described in subsection (d) to the Secretary on an annual basis.

(f) Definition

For the purpose of subsection (d), the term "school" means any setting that is under the control and supervision of the local educational agency for the purpose of student activities approved and authorized by the local educational agency.

(g) Exception

Nothing in this section shall apply to a firearm that is lawfully stored inside a locked vehicle on school property, or if it is for activities approved and authorized by the local educational agency and the local educational agency adopts appropriate safeguards to ensure student safety.

(h) Policy regarding criminal justice system referral

(1) In general

No funds shall be made available under any subchapter of this chapter to any local educational agency unless such agency has a policy requiring referral to the criminal justice or juvenile delinquency system of any student who brings a firearm or weapon to a school served by such agency.

(2) Definition

For the purpose of this subsection, the term "school" has the same meaning given to such term by section 921(a) of title 18.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, §8561, formerly title IV, §4141, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, §401, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1762; renumbered title IX, §9551, renumbered title VIII, §8561, Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4001(a)(2)(A), (B), (D), title VIII, §8001(a)(8), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1966, 2088, 2089.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is title VI of Pub. L. 91–230, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 175, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1400 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1400 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was classified to section 7151 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 114–95.
20 U.S.C. § 977 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 26A: INDEMNITY FOR EXHIBITIONS OF ARTS AND ARTIFACTS / Section 977: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 94–158, §8, Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 846, which required the Federal Council on the Arts and Humanities to report annually to Congress on claims actually paid and pending claims against the Council under this chapter and the aggregate face value of contracts made by the Council which are outstanding, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 167 of House Document No. 103–7.
20 U.S.C. § 4332 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 55: EDUCATION OF THE DEAF / Subchapter I: GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY; NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF; OTHER PROGRAMS / Section 4332: Agreement for National Technical Institute for the Deaf
Agreement for National Technical Institute for the Deaf
Status: in_force

(a) General authority

(1) The Secretary is authorized to establish or continue an agreement with an institution of higher education for the establishment and operation, including construction and equipment, of a National Technical Institute for the Deaf.

(2) The Secretary and the institution of higher education with which the Secretary has an agreement under this section—

(A) shall periodically assess the need for modification of the agreement; and

(B) shall periodically update the agreement as determined necessary by the Secretary or the institution.

(b) Provisions of agreement

The agreement shall—

(1) provide that Federal funds appropriated for the benefit of NTID will be used only for the purposes for which appropriated and in accordance with the applicable provisions of this chapter and the agreement made pursuant thereto;

(2) provide that the Board of Trustees or other governing body of the institution, subject to the approval of the Secretary, will appoint an advisory group to advise the Director of NTID in formulating and carrying out the basic policies governing its establishment and operation, which group shall include individuals who are professionally concerned with education and technical training at the postsecondary school level, persons who are professionally concerned with activities relating to education and training of individuals who are deaf, and members of the public familiar with the need for services provided by NTID;

(3) provide that the Board of Trustees or other governing body of the institution will prepare and submit to the Secretary, not later than June 1 following the fiscal year for which the report is submitted, an annual report containing an accounting of all indirect costs paid to the institution of higher education under the agreement with the Secretary, which accounting the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, with such comments and recommendations as the Secretary may deem appropriate;

(4) include such other conditions as the Secretary deems necessary to carry out the purposes of this part;

(5) provide that any laborer or mechanic employed by any contractor or subcontractor in the performance of work on any construction aided by Federal funds appropriated for the benefit of NTID will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with subchapter IV of chapter 31 of title 40, commonly referred to as the Davis-Bacon Act; except that the Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this paragraph, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (5 U.S.C. App.) and section 3145 of title 40; and

(6) establish a policy of outreach and recruitment to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities, particularly individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing.

(c) Limitation

If, within twenty years after the completion of any construction (except minor remodeling or alteration) for which such funds have been paid—

(1) the facility ceases to be used for the purposes for which it was constructed or the agreement is terminated, unless the Secretary determines that there is good cause for releasing the institution from its obligation, or

(2) the institution ceases to be the owner of the facility,

the United States shall be entitled to recover from the applicant or other owner of the facility an amount which has the same ratio with respect to the current market value of the facility as the amount of Federal funds expended for construction of such facility bears to the total cost of construction of the facility. The current market value of the facility shall be determined by agreement of the parties or by action brought in the United States district court for the district in which the facility is situated.

(Pub. L. 99–371, title I, §112, formerly title II, §202, Aug. 4, 1986, 100 Stat. 785; renumbered title I, §112, and amended Pub. L. 102–421, title I, §§101(b)(3), (4), 121, 151(a)(4), Oct. 16, 1992, 106 Stat. 2151, 2155, 2164; Pub. L. 103–73, title II, §§202, 203(g), Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 732, 734; Pub. L. 105–244, title IX, §914, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1830; Pub. L. 110–315, title IX, §903, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3451.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to this section were contained in section 684 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–371.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, §903(1), struck out at end "The Secretary, in considering proposals from institutions of higher education to enter into an agreement under this part, shall give preference to institutions which are located in metropolitan industrial areas."

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 110–315, §903(2)(A), substituted "Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate" for "Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate".

Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 110–315, §903(2)(B), substituted "subchapter IV of chapter 31 of title 40, commonly referred to as the Davis-Bacon Act" for "the Act of March 3, 1931 (40 U.S.C. 276a—276a–5) commonly referred to as the Davis-Bacon Act" and "section 3145 of title 40" for "section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934 (40 U.S.C. 276c)".

1998—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 105–244 amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: "The Secretary and the institution of higher education with which the Secretary has an agreement under this section shall, within 1 year after October 16, 1992, assess the need for modification of the agreement. The Secretary and the institution of higher education with which the Secretary has an agreement under this section shall also periodically update the agreement as determined to be necessary by the Secretary or the institution."

1993—Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(1), substituted "National Technical Institute for the Deaf" for "Institute" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(2)(A), substituted "part" for "chapter".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(2)(B), in first sentence struck out comma after "The Secretary" and after "this section".

Subsec. (b)(1), (2). Pub. L. 103–73, §202, substituted "NTID" for "the Institute" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(3)(A), substituted "Secretary, not later than June 1 following the fiscal year for which the report is submitted, an annual report containing" for "Secretary an annual report, including", "which accounting" for "which report", and "Representatives" for "Representatives,".

Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(3)(B), struck out "and" at end of par. (4).

Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(3)(C), substituted "except that the Secretary" for "and the Secretary" and "; and" for period at end.

Pub. L. 103–73, §202, substituted "NTID" for "the Institute".

Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(3)(D), substituted "or hard of hearing" for "or individuals who are hard of hearing".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(g)(4), inserted a comma after "If".

1992—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–421, §121(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 102–421, §151(a)(4), substituted "individuals who are deaf" for "the deaf".

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 102–421, §121(2), substituted "will prepare and submit to the Secretary an annual report, including an accounting of all indirect costs paid to the institution of higher education under the agreement with the Secretary, which report the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate," for "will make an annual report together with an accounting of all indirect costs paid to the institution of higher education under the agreement to the Secretary, which the Secretary shall transmit to the Congress".

Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 102–421, §121(3), added par. (6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Education and Labor of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Education and the Workforce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2023.

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–421 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 161 of Pub. L. 102–421, set out as a note under section 4301 of this title.

Establishment of Institute

Pursuant to an agreement entered into between the Secretary and the Rochester Institute of Technology on Dec. 20, 1966, the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (N.T.I.D.) was established and located at Rochester, New York.
20 U.S.C. § 9544 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 76: EDUCATION RESEARCH, STATISTICS, EVALUATION, INFORMATION, AND DISSEMINATION / Subchapter I: EDUCATION SCIENCES REFORM / Section 9544: Performance of duties
Performance of duties
Status: in_force

(a) Grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements

In carrying out the duties under this part, the Statistics Commissioner,1 may award grants, enter into contracts and cooperative agreements, and provide technical assistance.

(b) Gathering information

(1) Sampling

The Statistics Commissioner may use the statistical method known as sampling (including random sampling) to carry out this part.

(2) Source of information

The Statistics Commissioner may, as appropriate, use information collected—

(A) from States, local educational agencies, public and private schools, preschools, institutions of higher education, vocational and adult education programs, libraries, administrators, teachers, students, the general public, and other individuals, organizations, agencies, and institutions (including information collected by States and local educational agencies for their own use); and

(B) by other offices within the Institute and by other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities.

(3) Collection

The Statistics Commissioner may—

(A) enter into interagency agreements for the collection of statistics;

(B) arrange with any agency, organization, or institution for the collection of statistics; and

(C) assign employees of the Statistics Center to any such agency, organization, or institution to assist in such collection.

(4) Technical assistance and coordination

In order to maximize the effectiveness of Department efforts to serve the educational needs of children and youth, the Statistics Commissioner shall—

(A) provide technical assistance to the Department offices that gather data for statistical purposes; and

(B) coordinate with other Department offices in the collection of data.

(c) Duration

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements under this section may be awarded, on a competitive basis, for a period of not more than 5 years, and may be renewed at the discretion of the Statistics Commissioner for an additional period of not more than 5 years.

(Pub. L. 107–279, title I, §154, Nov. 5, 2002, 116 Stat. 1960.)

1 So in original. The comma probably should not appear.
20 U.S.C. § 5401 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 64: EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION / Subchapter VI: SCIENCE SCHOLARSHIPS / Section 5401: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-382, title III, §391(l), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-382, title III, §391(l), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 101–589, title VI, §611, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2904, established scholarship program for students in science, mathematics, and engineering programs.
20 U.S.C. § 2326 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 44: CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION / Subchapter I: CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO THE STATES / Section 2326: Native American programs
Native American programs
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Alaska Native

The term "Alaska Native" means a Native as such term is defined in section 1602 of title 43.

(2) Bureau-funded school

The term "Bureau-funded school" has the meaning given the term in section 2021 of title 25.

(3) Native Hawaiian

The term "Native Hawaiian" means any individual any of whose ancestors were natives, prior to 1778, of the area which now comprises the State of Hawaii.

(4) Native Hawaiian organization

The term "Native Hawaiian organization" has the meaning given the term in section 7517 of this title.

(b) Program authorized

(1) Authority

From funds reserved under section 2321(a)(1)(B)(i) of this title, the Secretary shall make grants to or enter into contracts with Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, and Alaska Native entities to carry out the authorized programs described in subsection (c), except that such grants or contracts shall not be awarded to secondary school programs in Bureau-funded schools.

(2) Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations

The grants or contracts described in this section that are awarded to any Indian Tribe or Tribal organization shall be subject to the terms and conditions of section 5321 of title 25 and shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of sections 5345, 5346, and 5347 of title 25, which are relevant to the programs administered under this subsection.

(3) Special authority relating to secondary schools operated or supported by the Bureau of Indian Education

An Indian Tribe, a Tribal organization, or an Alaska Native entity, that receives funds through a grant made or contract entered into under paragraph (1) may use the funds to provide assistance to a secondary school operated or supported by the Bureau of Indian Education to enable such school to carry out career and technical education programs.

(4) Matching

If sufficient funding is available, the Bureau of Indian Education shall expend an amount equal to the amount made available under this subsection, relating to programs for Indians, to pay a part of the costs of programs funded under this subsection. During each fiscal year the Bureau of Indian Education shall expend not less than the amount expended during the prior fiscal year on career and technical education programs, services, and technical activities administered directly by, or under contract with, the Bureau of Indian Education, except that in no year shall funding for such programs, services, and activities be provided from accounts and programs that support other Indian education programs. The Secretary and the Director of the Bureau of Indian Education shall prepare jointly a plan for the expenditure of funds made available and for the evaluation of programs assisted under this subsection. Upon the completion of a joint plan for the expenditure of the funds and the evaluation of the programs, the Secretary shall assume responsibility for the administration of the program, with the assistance and consultation of the Bureau of Indian Education.

(5) Regulations

If the Secretary promulgates any regulations applicable to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall—

(A) confer with, and allow for active participation by, representatives of Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, and individual Tribal members; and

(B) promulgate the regulations under subchapter III of chapter 5 of title 5, commonly known as the "Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1990".

(6) Application

Any Indian Tribe, Tribal organization, or Bureau-funded school eligible to receive assistance under this subsection may apply individually or as part of a consortium with another such Indian Tribe, Tribal organization, or Bureau-funded school.

(c) Authorized activities

(1) Authorized programs

Funds made available under this section shall be used to carry out career and technical education programs consistent with the purpose of this chapter.

(2) Special rule

Notwithstanding section 2302(5)(A)(iii) of this title, funds made available under this section may be used to provide preparatory, refresher, and remedial education services that are designed to enable students to achieve success in career and technical education programs or programs of study.

(3) Stipends

(A) In general

Funds received pursuant to grants or contracts awarded under subsection (b) may be used to provide stipends to students who are enrolled in career and technical education programs and who have acute economic needs which cannot be met through work-study programs.

(B) Amount

Stipends described in subparagraph (A) shall not exceed reasonable amounts as prescribed by the Secretary.

(d) Grant or contract application

In order to receive a grant or contract under this section, an organization, Tribe, or entity described in subsection (b) shall submit an application to the Secretary that shall include an assurance that such organization, Tribe, or entity shall comply with the requirements of this section.

(e) Restrictions and special considerations

The Secretary may not place upon grants awarded or contracts entered into under subsection (b) any restrictions relating to programs other than restrictions that apply to grants made to or contracts entered into with States pursuant to allotments under section 2321(a) of this title. The Secretary, in awarding grants and entering into contracts under this section, shall ensure that the grants and contracts will improve career and technical education programs, and shall give special consideration to—

(1) programs that involve, coordinate with, or encourage Tribal economic development plans; and

(2) applications from tribally controlled colleges or universities that—

(A) are accredited or are candidates for accreditation by a nationally recognized accreditation organization as an institution of postsecondary career and technical education; or

(B) operate career and technical education programs that are accredited or are candidates for accreditation by a nationally recognized accreditation organization, and issue certificates for completion of career and technical education programs.

(f) Consolidation of funds

Each organization, Tribe, or entity receiving assistance under this section may consolidate such assistance with assistance received from related programs in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Employment, Training and Related Services Demonstration Act of 1992 (25 U.S.C. 3401 et seq.).

(g) Nonduplicative and nonexclusive services

Nothing in this section shall be construed—

(1) to limit the eligibility of any organization, Tribe, or entity described in subsection (b) to participate in any activity offered by an eligible agency or eligible recipient under this subchapter; or

(2) to preclude or discourage any agreement, between any organization, Tribe, or entity described in subsection (b) and any eligible agency or eligible recipient, to facilitate the provision of services by such eligible agency or eligible recipient to the population served by such eligible agency or eligible recipient.

(h) Native Hawaiian programs

From the funds reserved pursuant to section 2321(a)(1)(B)(ii) of this title, the Secretary shall award grants to or enter into contracts with community-based organizations primarily serving and representing Native Hawaiians to plan, conduct, and administer programs, or portions thereof, which are authorized by and consistent with the provisions of this section for the benefit of Native Hawaiians.

(Pub. L. 88–210, title I, §116, as added Pub. L. 109–270, §1(b), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 707; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §9215(n)(5), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2169; Pub. L. 115–224, title I, §115, July 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 1598.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Indian Employment, Training and Related Services Demonstration Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 102–477, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2302, which is classified generally to chapter 36 (§3401 et seq.) of Title 25, Indians. The Act was renamed the Indian Employment, Training and Related Services Act of 1992 by Pub. L. 115–93, §2, Dec. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 2026. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3401 of Title 25 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2326, Pub. L. 88–210, title I, §116, as added Pub. L. 105–332, §1(b), Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3094; amended Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, §702(b), (c), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1946, 1947, related to Native American program, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 109–270.

Another prior section 2326, Pub. L. 88–210, title I, §116, as added Pub. L. 101–392, title I, §116, Sept. 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 772, related to State assessments of program quality, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 105–332.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(1), redesignated pars. (4) and (5) as (3) and (4), respectively, made technical amendments to capitalization of "Native" and "Hawaiian" in headings of pars. (1), (3), and (4) of original Act requiring no change in text and to reference in par. (4) of original Act which appears in text as reference to section 7517 of this title, and struck out former par. (3) which defined "Indian", "Indian tribe", and "tribal organization" as having the meanings given those terms in section 5304 of title 25.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(A), substituted "Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations," for "Indian tribes, tribal organizations,".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(B)(iii), (iv), made technical amendment to references in original Act which appear in text as references to section 5321 of title 25 and sections 5345, 5346, and 5347 of title 25.

Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(B)(i), (ii), substituted "Indian tribes and tribal organizations" for "Indian tribes and tribal organizations" in heading of original Act which appears in heading as "Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations" and substituted "Indian Tribe or Tribal organization" for "Indian tribe or tribal organization" in text.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(C), substituted "Bureau of Indian Education" for "Bureau of Indian Affairs" in heading and text and substituted "An Indian Tribe, a Tribal organization," for "An Indian tribe, a tribal organization,".

Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(D), substituted "Bureau of Indian Education" for "Bureau of Indian Affairs" wherever appearing and "Director of the Bureau of Indian Education" for "Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Indian Affairs".

Subsec. (b)(5)(A). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(E), substituted "Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, and individual Tribal members" for "Indian tribes, tribal organizations, and individual tribal members".

Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(2)(F), substituted "Indian Tribe, Tribal organization," for "Indian tribe, tribal organization," in two places.

Subsec. (c)(2), (3). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(3), added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).

Subsecs. (d) to (g). Pub. L. 115–224, §115(4)–(7), substituted "Tribe" for "tribe" and "Tribal" for "tribal" wherever appearing.

2015—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 114–95 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7517 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–224 effective July 1, 2019, see section 4 of Pub. L. 115–224, set out as a note under section 2301 of this title.

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1127 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter VI: INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS / Section 1127: Selection of certain grant recipients
Selection of certain grant recipients
Status: in_force

(a) Competitive grants

The Secretary shall award grants under section 1122 of this title competitively on the basis of criteria that separately, but not less rigorously, evaluates—

(1) the applications for comprehensive foreign language and area or international studies centers and programs; and

(2) the applications for undergraduate foreign language and area or international studies centers and programs.

(b) Selection criteria

The Secretary shall set criteria for grants awarded under section 1122 of this title by which a determination of excellence shall be made to meet the differing objectives of graduate and undergraduate institutions. In keeping with the purposes of this part, the Secretary shall take into account the degree to which activities of centers, programs, and fellowships at institutions of higher education address national needs, and generate information for and disseminate information to the public. The Secretary shall also consider an applicant's record of placing students into postgraduate employment, education, or training in areas of national need and an applicant's stated efforts to increase the number of such students that go into such placements.

(c) Equitable distribution of grants

The Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, award grants under this part (other than section 1122 of this title) in such manner as to achieve an equitable distribution of the grant funds throughout the United States, based on the merit of a proposal as determined pursuant to a peer review process involving broadly representative professionals.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §607, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title VI, §601, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1782; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title VI, §607, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3338.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1127, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §610, formerly §607, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title VI, §601(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1467; renumbered §610 and amended Pub. L. 99–498, title VI, §§605(1), 609, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1517, 1519; Pub. L. 102–325, title VI, §601, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 728, authorized grants and contracts for American overseas research centers, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 105–244.

Another prior section 1127, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, §607, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1265, provided procedures to be followed in event of disapproval of a State plan under equipment grant program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

A prior section 607 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1125a of this title, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 105–244.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–315, §607(1), substituted "evaluates—" and pars. (1) and (2) for "evaluates the applications for comprehensive and undergraduate language and area centers and programs."

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–315, §607(2), inserted at end "In keeping with the purposes of this part, the Secretary shall take into account the degree to which activities of centers, programs, and fellowships at institutions of higher education address national needs, and generate information for and disseminate information to the public. The Secretary shall also consider an applicant's record of placing students into postgraduate employment, education, or training in areas of national need and an applicant's stated efforts to increase the number of such students that go into such placements."
20 U.S.C. § 1176 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 29: INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH / Section 1176: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-374, title VI, §601(c)(2), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1472
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-374, title VI, §601(c)(2), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1472
Status: repealed

Section 1176, Pub. L. 89–698, title I, §105, Oct. 29, 1966, 80 Stat. 1068; Pub. L. 90–575, title V, §502, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1062; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, §183, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 312; Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §303, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2216, authorized appropriations and provided for an annual report to Congress. See section 1125 of this title.

Section 1177, Pub. L. 89–698, title I, §106, Oct. 29, 1966, 80 Stat. 1069; Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, §401(h)(5), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 174, provided for creation of a National Advisory Committee on International Studies. See section 1131 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 1393(a) of Pub. L. 96–374, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 5061 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 62: EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOR AMERICAN COMPETITIVENESS / Subchapter I: ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION / Section 5061: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-382, title III, §391(i), (k), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-382, title III, §391(i), (k), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023
Status: repealed

Section 5061, Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6071, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1496, provided that this subpart could be cited as the "Secondary Schools Basic Skills Demonstration Assistance Act of 1988".

Section 5062, Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6072, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1496, stated purpose of this subpart.

Section 5063, Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6073, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1496, authorized appropriations.

Section 5064, Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6074, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1496, authorized grants to local educational agencies.

Section 5065, Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6075, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1496, related to activities for which grants could be used.

Section 5066, Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6076, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1497, related to applications for grants.
20 U.S.C. § 3861 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 51: ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION BLOCK GRANT / Subchapter II: CONSOLIDATION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS FOR ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION / Section 3861: Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title I, §1003(a), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293
Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title I, §1003(a), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293
Status: repealed

Section 3861, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §585, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 477, related to funding requirements for program of consolidating Federal programs for elementary and secondary education.

Section 3862, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §586, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 477, related to participation of children enrolled in private schools.

Section 3863, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §587, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 480, related to repeal of various programs included in consolidation of Federal programs for elementary and secondary education.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1988, see section 6303 of Pub. L. 100–297, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 1071 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1087pp (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1087pp: Student aid index for independent students without dependents other than a spouse
Student aid index for independent students without dependents other than a spouse
Status: in_force

(a) Computation of student aid index

(1) In general

For each independent student without dependents other than a spouse, the student aid index is equal to (except as provided in paragraph (2)) the sum of—

(A) the family's available income (determined in accordance with subsection (b)); and

(B) the family's available assets (determined in accordance with subsection (c)).

(2) Exception

If the sum determined under paragraph (1) with respect to an independent student without dependents other than a spouse is less than − $1,500, the student aid index for the independent student shall be − $1,500.

(b) Family's available income

(1) In general

The family's available income is determined by—

(A) deducting from total income (as defined in section 1087vv of this title)—

(i) Federal income taxes;

(ii) an allowance for payroll taxes, determined in accordance with paragraph (2);

(iii) an income protection allowance that is equal to—

(I) in the case of a single independent student without dependents, $14,630, as adjusted pursuant to section 1078rr(b) of this title; and

(II) in the case of a married independent student without dependents, $23,460, as adjusted pursuant to section 1078rr(b) of this title; and

(iv) in the case of a married independent student, an employment expense allowance, as determined in accordance with paragraph (3); and

(B) multiplying the amount determined under subparagraph (A) by 50 percent.

(2) Allowance for payroll taxes

The allowance for payroll taxes is equal to the sum of—

(A) the total amount earned by the student (and spouse, if appropriate), multiplied by the rate of tax under section 3101(b) of title 26; and

(B) the amount earned by the student (and spouse, if appropriate) that does not exceed such contribution and benefit base (twice such contribution and benefit base, in the case of a joint return) for the year of the earnings, multiplied by the rate of tax applicable to such earnings under section 3101(a) of title 26.

(3) Employment expense allowance

The employment expense allowance is equal to the following:

(A) If the student is married, such allowance is equal to the lesser of $4,000 or 35 percent of the couple's combined earned income (as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant to section 1087rr(g) of this title).

(B) If the student is not married, the employment expense allowance is zero.

(c) Family's available assets

(1) In general

(A) Determination

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the family's available assets are equal to—

(i) the difference between the family's assets (as defined in section 1087vv(f) of this title) and the asset protection allowance (determined in accordance with paragraph (2)); multiplied by

(ii) 20 percent.

(B) Not less than zero

The family's available assets under this subsection shall not be less than zero.

(2) Asset protection allowance

The asset protection allowance is calculated based on the following table (as revised by the Secretary pursuant to section 1087rr(d) of this title):

Asset Protection Allowances for Families and Students

If the age of the student is—And the student is

marriedsingle

 

(1) then the allowance is—

25 or less 
 $  0 
   $0

26 
 $400 
 $100

27 
 $700 
 $300

28 
 $1,100 
 $400

29 
 $1,500 
 $600

30 
 $1,800 
 $700

31 
 $2,200 
 $800

32 
 $2,600 
 $1,000

33 
 $2,900 
 $1,100

34 
 $3,300 
 $1,300

35 
 $3,700 
 $1,400

36 
 $4,000 
 $1,500

37 
 $4,400 
 $1,700

38 
 $4,800 
 $1,800

39 
 $5,100 
 $2,000

40 
 $5,500 
 $2,100

41 
 $5,600 
 $2,200

42 
 $5,700 
 $2,200

43 
 $5,900 
 $2,300

44 
 $6,000 
 $2,300

45 
 $6,200 
 $2,400

46 
 $6,300 
 $2,400

47 
 $6,500 
 $2,500

48 
 $6,600 
 $2,500

49 
 $6,800 
 $2,600

50 
 $7,000 
 $2,700

51 
 $7,100 
 $2,700

52 
 $7,300 
 $2,800

53 
 $7,500 
 $2,900

54 
 $7,700 
 $2,900

55 
 $7,900 
 $3,000

56 
 $8,100 
 $3,100

57 
 $8,400 
 $3,100

58 
 $8,600 
 $3,200

59 
 $8,800 
 $3,300

60 
 $9,100 
 $3,400

61 
 $9,300 
 $3,500

62 
 $9,600 
 $3,600

63 
 $9,900 
 $3,700

64 
$10,200 
 $3,800

65 or more 
$10,500 
 $3,900.

(d) Computations in case of separation, divorce, or death

In the case of a student who is divorced or separated, or whose spouse has died, the spouse's income and assets shall not be considered in determining the family's available income or assets.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §476, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IV, §406(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1463; amended Pub. L. 100–50, §14(1), (3), (4), (13)–(17), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 349, 351; Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, §471(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 594; Pub. L. 103–208, §2(g)(6), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2472; Pub. L. 105–78, title VI, §609(h), Nov. 13, 1997, 111 Stat. 1524; Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, §474, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1730; Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, §8017(b)(1), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 173; Pub. L. 110–84, title VI, §601(b), Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 801; Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title VII, §702(e), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3145.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2020—Pub. L. 116–260 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to family contribution for independent students without dependents other than a spouse.

2007—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iv). Pub. L. 110–84 amended cl. (iv) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (iv) read as follows: "an income protection allowance of the following amount (or a successor amount prescribed by the Secretary under section 1087rr of this title)—

"(I) $6,050 for single students;

"(II) $6,050 for married students where both are enrolled pursuant to subsection (a)(2) of this section; and

"(III) $9,700 for married students where one is enrolled pursuant to subsection (a)(2) of this section;".

2006—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iv). Pub. L. 109–171, §8017(b)(1)(A), substituted "$6,050" for "$5,000" in subcls. (I) and (II) and "$9,700" for "$8,000" in subcl. (III).

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 109–171, §8017(b)(1)(B), substituted "20" for "35".

1998—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 105–244, §474(a), added par. (3).

Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iv). Pub. L. 105–244, §474(b)(1), in introductory provisions, substituted "allowance of the following amount (or a successor amount prescribed by the Secretary under section 1087rr of this title)—" for "allowance of—".

Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iv)(I), (II). Pub. L. 105–244, §474(b)(2), substituted "$5,000" for "$3,000".

Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iv)(III). Pub. L. 105–244, §474(b)(3), substituted "$8,000" for "$6,000".

1997—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(vi). Pub. L. 105–78 added cl. (vi).

1993—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–208 added subsec. (d).

1992—Pub. L. 102–325 amended section generally, substituting provisions relating to family contribution for independent students without dependents other than a spouse for provisions relating to family contribution for independent students without dependents (including a spouse).

1987—Subsec. (b)(1)(A), (B). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(13)(B), (C), substituted subpar. (A) and introductory provisions of subpar. (B) for introductory provisions of former subpar. (A) which read as follows: "computing the student's available taxable income by deducting from the student's adjusted gross income—". Former subpar. (B) redesignated (C).

Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(13)(B), redesignated subpar. (B) as (C). Former subpar. (C) redesignated (D).

Subsec. (b)(1)(D). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(15), which directed that subsec. (b)(1)(C) be amended by inserting "plus the amount of veterans' benefits paid during the award period under chapters 32, 34, and 35 of title 28", was executed to subpar. (D) to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the intervening redesignation of subpar. (C) as (D) by section 14(13)(B) of Pub. L. 100–50.

Pub. L. 100–50, §14(13)(A), (B), redesignated subpar. (C) as (D) and substituted "subparagraph (C)" for "subparagraph (B)".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(1), (14), substituted "total income" for "total taxable income" and "section 1087rr of this title" for "section 1087ss of this title".

Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(16)(A), substituted "$8,600" for "$8,900".

Subsec. (b)(4)(B). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(16), substituted "$8,600" for "$8,900" in two places and "$6,020" for "$6,230".

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(17), substituted a semicolon for a period at end of subpar. (C) and inserted, after subpar. (C), provision that the student's income supplemental amount from assets not be less than zero.

Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(3), substituted "displaced homemaker" for "dislocated homemaker".

Subsec. (c)(2)(C). Pub. L. 100–50, §14(4), added table and struck out former table which read as follows:

"Adjusted Net Worth of a Business or Farm

If the net worth of a business or farm is—Then the adjusted net worth is—

Less than $1 
$0

$1–$65,000 
40 percent of NW

$65,001–$195,000 
$26,000 plus 50 percent of NW over $65,000

$195,001–$325,000 
$91,000 plus 60 percent of NW over $195,000

$325,001 or more 
$169,000 plus 100 percent of NW over $325,000".

Pub. L. 100–50, §14(1), substituted "section 1087rr of this title" for "section 1087ss of this title".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2020 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 116–260 effective July 1, 2024, except as otherwise expressly provided, and applicable with respect to award year 2024–2025 and each subsequent award year, as determined under this chapter, see section 701(b) of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Effective Date of 2007 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–84 effective July 1, 2009, see section 601(e) of Pub. L. 110–84, set out as a note under section 1087oo of this title.

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–171 effective July 1, 2006, except as otherwise provided, see section 8001(c) of Pub. L. 109–171, set out as a note under section 1002 of this title.

Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, §8017(b)(2), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 173, provided that: "The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to determinations of need for periods of enrollment beginning on or after July 1, 2007."

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244, effective Oct. 7, 1998, and applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for academic years beginning on or after July 1, 2000, see section 480A of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–325 applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for award years beginning on or after July 1, 1993, see section 471(b) of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 57 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter I: CHARTER PROVISIONS / Section 57: Disbursements
Disbursements
Status: in_force

Whenever money is required for the payment of the debts or performance of the contracts of the institution, incurred or entered into in conformity with the provisions of sections 41 to 46, 48, 50, 51 to 53, 54 to 57, and 67 of this title, or for making the purchases and executing the objects authorized by said sections, the Board of Regents, or the executive committee thereof, may certify to the chancellor and secretary of the board that such sum of money is required, whereupon they shall examine the same, and, if they shall approve thereof, shall certify the same to the proper officer of the Treasury for payment. The board shall submit to Congress, at each session thereof, a report of the operations, expenditures, and condition of the institution.

(R.S. §5593.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §5593 derived from act Aug. 10, 1846, ch. 178, §3, 9 Stat. 103.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions in this section relating to submitting a report to Congress at each session of Congress, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and page 192 of House Document No. 103–7.
20 U.S.C. § 5812 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 68: NATIONAL EDUCATION REFORM / Subchapter I: NATIONAL EDUCATION GOALS / Section 5812: National Education Goals
National Education Goals
Status: in_force

The Congress declares that the National Education Goals are the following:

(1) School readiness

(A) By the year 2000, all children in America will start school ready to learn.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) all children will have access to high-quality and developmentally appropriate preschool programs that help prepare children for school;

(ii) every parent in the United States will be a child's first teacher and devote time each day to helping such parent's preschool child learn, and parents will have access to the training and support parents need; and

(iii) children will receive the nutrition, physical activity experiences, and health care needed to arrive at school with healthy minds and bodies, and to maintain the mental alertness necessary to be prepared to learn, and the number of low-birthweight babies will be significantly reduced through enhanced prenatal health systems.

(2) School completion

(A) By the year 2000, the high school graduation rate will increase to at least 90 percent.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) the Nation must dramatically reduce its school dropout rate, and 75 percent of the students who do drop out will successfully complete a high school degree or its equivalent; and

(ii) the gap in high school graduation rates between American students from minority backgrounds and their non-minority counterparts will be eliminated.

(3) Student achievement and citizenship

(A) By the year 2000, all students will leave grades 4, 8, and 12 having demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter including English, mathematics, science, foreign languages, civics and government, economics, arts, history, and geography, and every school in America will ensure that all students learn to use their minds well, so they may be prepared for responsible citizenship, further learning, and productive employment in our Nation's modern economy.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) the academic performance of all students at the elementary and secondary level will increase significantly in every quartile, and the distribution of minority students in each quartile will more closely reflect the student population as a whole;

(ii) the percentage of all students who demonstrate the ability to reason, solve problems, apply knowledge, and write and communicate effectively will increase substantially;

(iii) all students will be involved in activities that promote and demonstrate good citizenship, good health, community service, and personal responsibility;

(iv) all students will have access to physical education and health education to ensure they are healthy and fit;

(v) the percentage of all students who are competent in more than one language will substantially increase; and

(vi) all students will be knowledgeable about the diverse cultural heritage of this Nation and about the world community.

(4) Teacher education and professional development

(A) By the year 2000, the Nation's teaching force will have access to programs for the continued improvement of their professional skills and the opportunity to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to instruct and prepare all American students for the next century.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) all teachers will have access to preservice teacher education and continuing professional development activities that will provide such teachers with the knowledge and skills needed to teach to an increasingly diverse student population with a variety of educational, social, and health needs;

(ii) all teachers will have continuing opportunities to acquire additional knowledge and skills needed to teach challenging subject matter and to use emerging new methods, forms of assessment, and technologies;

(iii) States and school districts will create integrated strategies to attract, recruit, prepare, retrain, and support the continued professional development of teachers, administrators, and other educators, so that there is a highly talented work force of professional educators to teach challenging subject matter; and

(iv) partnerships will be established, whenever possible, among local educational agencies, institutions of higher education, parents, and local labor, business, and professional associations to provide and support programs for the professional development of educators.

(5) Mathematics and science

(A) By the year 2000, United States students will be first in the world in mathematics and science achievement.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) mathematics and science education, including the metric system of measurement, will be strengthened throughout the system, especially in the early grades;

(ii) the number of teachers with a substantive background in mathematics and science, including the metric system of measurement, will increase by 50 percent; and

(iii) the number of United States undergraduate and graduate students, especially women and minorities, who complete degrees in mathematics, science, and engineering will increase significantly.

(6) Adult literacy and lifelong learning

(A) By the year 2000, every adult American will be literate and will possess the knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global economy and exercise the rights and responsibilities of citizenship.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) every major American business will be involved in strengthening the connection between education and work;

(ii) all workers will have the opportunity to acquire the knowledge and skills, from basic to highly technical, needed to adapt to emerging new technologies, work methods, and markets through public and private educational, vocational, technical, workplace, or other programs;

(iii) the number of quality programs, including those at libraries, that are designed to serve more effectively the needs of the growing number of part-time and midcareer students will increase substantially;

(iv) the proportion of the qualified students, especially minorities, who enter college, who complete at least two years, and who complete their degree programs will increase substantially;

(v) the proportion of college graduates who demonstrate an advanced ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and solve problems will increase substantially; and

(vi) schools, in implementing comprehensive parent involvement programs, will offer more adult literacy, parent training and life-long learning opportunities to improve the ties between home and school, and enhance parents' work and home lives.

(7) Safe, disciplined, and alcohol- and drug-free schools

(A) By the year 2000, every school in the United States will be free of drugs, violence, and the unauthorized presence of firearms and alcohol and will offer a disciplined environment conducive to learning.

(B) The objectives for this goal are that—

(i) every school will implement a firm and fair policy on use, possession, and distribution of drugs and alcohol;

(ii) parents, businesses, governmental and community organizations will work together to ensure the rights of students to study in a safe and secure environment that is free of drugs and crime, and that schools provide a healthy environment and are a safe haven for all children;

(iii) every local educational agency will develop and implement a policy to ensure that all schools are free of violence and the unauthorized presence of weapons;

(iv) every local educational agency will develop a sequential, comprehensive kindergarten through twelfth grade drug and alcohol prevention education program;

(v) drug and alcohol curriculum should be taught as an integral part of sequential, comprehensive health education;

(vi) community-based teams should be organized to provide students and teachers with needed support; and

(vii) every school should work to eliminate sexual harassment.

(8) Parental participation

(A) By the year 2000, every school will promote partnerships that will increase parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, emotional, and academic growth of children.

(B) The objectives for this Goal are that—

(i) every State will develop policies to assist local schools and local educational agencies to establish programs for increasing partnerships that respond to the varying needs of parents and the home, including parents of children who are disadvantaged or bilingual, or parents of children with disabilities;

(ii) every school will actively engage parents and families in a partnership which supports the academic work of children at home and shared educational decisionmaking at school; and

(iii) parents and families will help to ensure that schools are adequately supported and will hold schools and teachers to high standards of accountability.

(Pub. L. 103–227, title I, §102, Mar. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 130.)
20 U.S.C. § 5502 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 65: NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION / Section 5502: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this chapter, the term—

(1) "Administrator" means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency;

(2) "Agency" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency;

(3) "Federal agency" or "agency of the United States" means any department, agency or other instrumentality of the Federal Government, any independent agency or establishment of the Federal Government including any Government corporation;

(4) "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Department of Education;

(5) "local educational agency" means any education agency as defined in section 7801 of this title and shall include any tribal education agency;

(6) "not-for-profit" organization 1 means an organization, association, or institution described in section 501(c)(3) of title 26, which is exempt from taxation pursuant to the provisions of section 501(a) of title 26;

(7) "noncommercial education broadcasting entities" means any noncommercial educational broadcasting station (and/or its legal nonprofit affiliates) as defined and licensed by the Federal Communications Commission;

(8) "tribal education agency" means a school or community college which is controlled by an Indian tribe, band, or nation, including any Alaska Native village, which is recognized as eligible for special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians and which is not administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs;

(9) "Federal natural resource management agencies" means the United States Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service, and the Fish and Wildlife Service;

(10) "environmental engineering" means the discipline within engineering and science concerned with the development and application of scientific and technical solutions to protecting the aquatic and atmospheric environment, including, but not limited to, all phases of water resources planning, water supply, water treatment, air pollution characterization and control, remediation of hazardous substances, environmental transport of contaminants in surface and ground water and atmosphere, and methods for assessment and control of pollution;

(11) "environmental education" and "environmental education and training" mean educational activities and training activities involving elementary, secondary, and postsecondary students, as such terms are defined in the State in which they reside, and environmental education personnel, but does not include technical training activities directed toward environmental management professionals or activities primarily directed toward the support of noneducational research and development;

(12) "Foundation" means the National Environmental Education and Training Foundation established pursuant to section 5509 of this title; and

(13) "Board of Directors" means the Board of Directors of the National Environmental Education and Training Foundation.

(Pub. L. 101–619, §3, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3326; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, §391(m), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023; Pub. L. 107–110, title X, §1076(n), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 2092; Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §9215(fff), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2186.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2015—Par. (5). Pub. L. 114–95 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7801 of this title.

2002—Par. (5). Pub. L. 107–110 substituted "7801" for "8801".

1994—Par. (5). Pub. L. 103–382 substituted "local educational agency" for "local education agency" and reference to section 8801 of this title for reference to section 198 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–110 effective Jan. 8, 2002, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 107–110, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6301 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be " 'not-for-profit organization' ".
20 U.S.C. § 926 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 25A: OVERSEAS DEFENSE DEPENDENTS' EDUCATION / Section 926: School system for dependents in overseas areas
School system for dependents in overseas areas
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment and operation

The Secretary of Defense shall establish and operate a school system for dependents in overseas areas as part of the defense dependents' education system.

(b) Tuition and assistance when schools unavailable

(1) Under such circumstances as the Secretary of Defense may prescribe in regulations, the Secretary may provide tuition to allow dependents in an overseas area where a school operated by the Secretary is not reasonably available to attend schools other than schools established under subsection (a) on a tuition-free basis. Schools to which tuition may be paid under this subsection may include private boarding schools in the United States. Any school to which tuition is paid under this subsection to allow a dependent in an overseas area to attend such school shall provide an educational program satisfactory to the Secretary.

(2)(A) The Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service of the Navy, may provide financial assistance to sponsors of dependents in overseas areas where schools operated by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (a) are not reasonably available in order to assist the sponsors to defray the costs incurred by the sponsors for the attendance of the dependents at schools in such areas other than schools operated by the Secretary of Defense.

(B) The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall each prescribe regulations relating to the availability of financial assistance under subparagraph (A). Such regulations shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with Department of State regulations relating to the availability of financial assistance for the education of dependents of Department of State personnel overseas.

(c) Continuation of enrollment for certain dependents of members of Armed Forces involuntarily separated

(1) A member of the Armed Forces serving on active duty on September 30, 1990, who is involuntarily separated during the period beginning on October 1, 1990, and ending on December 31, 2001, and who has a dependent described in paragraph (2) who is enrolled in a school of the defense dependents' education system (or a school for which tuition is provided under subsection (b)) on the date of that separation shall be eligible to enroll or continue the enrollment of that dependent at that school (or another school serving the same community) for the final year of secondary education of that dependent in the same manner as if the member were still on active duty.

(2) A dependent referred to in paragraph (1) is a dependent who on the date of the separation of the member has completed the eleventh grade and is likely to complete secondary education within the one-year period beginning on that date.

(d) Auxiliary services available to home school students

(1) A dependent who is educated in a home school setting, but who is eligible to enroll in a school of the defense dependents' education system, shall be permitted to use or receive auxiliary services of that school without being required to either enroll in that school or register for a minimum number of courses offered by that school. The dependent may be required to satisfy other eligibility requirements and comply with standards of conduct applicable to students actually enrolled in that school who use or receive the same auxiliary services.

(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), the term "auxiliary services" includes use of academic resources, access to the library of the school, after hours use of school facilities, and participation in music, sports, and other extracurricular and interscholastic activities.

(Pub. L. 95–561, title XIV, §1407, Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2367; Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title V, §504(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1559; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, §561(n), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1668; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title V, §561(k), title VI, §657, Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2026, 2054; Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title V, §571(k)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–135; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title III, §353, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1063; Pub. L. 107–296, title XVII, §1704(e)(7), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2315; Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title V, §574, Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 120.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of section 1407 of Pub. L. 95–561. Subsec. (e), formerly subsec. (c), of section 1407 enacted section 489 of Title 37, Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–181 inserted after first sentence "Schools to which tuition may be paid under this subsection may include private boarding schools in the United States."

2002—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107–296 substituted "of Homeland Security" for "of Transportation" in two places.

2001—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–107 added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e). See Codification note above.

2000—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 106–398 substituted "December 31, 2001" for "September 30, 2001".

1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–261, §657, inserted heading, designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted "Under such circumstances as the Secretary of Defense may prescribe in regulations, the Secretary" for "Under such circumstances as he may by regulation prescribe, the Secretary of Defense", and added par. (2).

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 105–261, §561(k), substituted "during the period beginning on October 1, 1990, and ending on September 30, 2001" for "during the nine-year period beginning on October 1, 1990".

1993—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 103–160 substituted "nine-year period" for "five-year period".

1990—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–510 added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d). See Codification note above.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–296 effective on the date of transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security, see section 1704(g) of Pub. L. 107–296, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
20 U.S.C. § 5207 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 63: EISENHOWER EXCHANGE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM / Section 5207: Status as executive agency
Status as executive agency
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, on and after August 2, 2002, for purposes of section 501 of title 40 (relating to Federal sources of supply, including lodging providers, airlines and other transportation providers), the Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program shall be deemed an executive agency for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of section 5201 of this title, and the employees of and participants in the Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program shall be eligible to have access to such sources of supply on the same basis as employees of an executive agency have such access.

(Pub. L. 107–206, title I, §1203, Aug. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 888.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

"Section 501 of title 40" substituted for "section 201(a) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949" on authority of Pub. L. 107–217, §5(c), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1303, the first section of which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works.

Section was enacted as part of the 2002 Supplemental Appropriations Act for Further Recovery From and Response To Terrorist Attacks on the United States, and not as part of the Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Act of 1990 which comprises this chapter.
20 U.S.C. § 7245 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7245: Family engagement in Indian schools
Family engagement in Indian schools
Status: in_force

The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretary of Education, shall establish, or enter into contracts and cooperative agreements with, local tribes, tribal organizations, or Indian nonprofit parent organizations to establish and operate family engagement centers.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4505, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4501, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2020.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7245, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §5421, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, §501, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1814, related to elementary and secondary school counseling programs, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, §5, title IV, §4001(b)(1)(C), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 1967, effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 2012 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 42: HARRY S TRUMAN MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIPS / Section 2012: Administrative provisions
Administrative provisions
Status: in_force

(a) Powers of Foundation

In order to carry out the provisions of this chapter, the Foundation is authorized to—

(1) appoint and fix the compensation of such personnel as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter, except that in no case shall employees other than the Executive Secretary be compensated at a rate to exceed the rate provided for employees in grade 15 of the General Schedule set forth in section 5332 of title 5;

(2) procure temporary and intermittent services of experts and consultants as are necessary to the extent authorized by section 3109 of title 5, but at rates not to exceed the rate specified at the time of such service for grade GS–18 in section 5332 of such title;

(3) prescribe such regulations as it deems necessary governing the manner in which its functions shall be carried out;

(4) receive money and other property donated, bequeathed, or devised, without condition or restriction other than it be used for the purposes of the Foundation; and to use, sell, or otherwise dispose of such property for the purpose of carrying out its functions;

(5) accept and utilize the services of voluntary and noncompensated personnel and reimburse them for travel expenses, including per diem, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5;

(6) enter into contracts, grants, or other arrangements, or modifications thereof, to carry out the provisions of this chapter, and such contracts or modifications thereof may, with the concurrence of two-thirds of the members of the Board, be entered into without performance or other bonds, and without regard to section 6101 of title 41;

(7) make advances, progress, and other payments which the Board deems necessary under this chapter without regard to the provisions of section 3324(a) and (b) of title 31;

(8) rent office space in the District of Columbia; and

(9) make other necessary expenditures.

(b) Annual report to Congress

The Foundation shall submit to the President and to the Congress an annual report of its operations under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 93–642, §13, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2280.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

In subsec. (a)(6), "section 6101 of title 41" substituted for "section 3709 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (41 U.S.C. 5)" on authority of Pub. L. 111–350, §6(c), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3854, which Act enacted Title 41, Public Contracts.

In subsec. (a)(7), "section 3324(a) and (b) of title 31" substituted for "section 3648 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. 529)" on authority of Pub. L. 97–258, §4(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions in subsec. (b) of this section relating to submitting annual report to Congress, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and page 193 of House Document No. 103–7.

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.
20 U.S.C. § 79a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter IX: CANAL ZONE BIOLOGICAL AREA / Section 79a: Preservation of natural features for scientific observation and investigation
Preservation of natural features for scientific observation and investigation
Status: in_force

The purpose of setting aside such an area is to preserve and conserve its natural features, including existing flora and fauna, in as nearly a natural condition as possible, thus providing a place where duly qualified students can make observations and scientific investigations for increase of knowledge, under such conditions and regulations as may be prescribed by the Smithsonian Institution.

(July 2, 1940, ch. 516, §2, 54 Stat. 724; 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3, §801, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F.R. 7877, 60 Stat. 1101.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 1382 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

"Smithsonian Institution" substituted in text for "Board of Directors of the Canal Zone Biological Area" by Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1946, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
20 U.S.C. § 79b (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter IX: CANAL ZONE BIOLOGICAL AREA / Section 79b: Functions of Smithsonian Institution
Functions of Smithsonian Institution
Status: in_force

The Smithsonian Institution shall (a) determine the policy, prescribe conditions under which studies may be pursued within the area, and promulgate regulations for carrying out the purposes of this subchapter; (b) be responsible for the construction and maintenance of laboratory and other facilities on the area provided for the use of students authorized to carry on studies within the confines of the area; (c) deposit into the Treasury of the United States sums donated or subscribed or collected to be expended for carrying out the purposes of this subchapter; (d) in its discretion, fixed 1 charges that may be made for use of laboratory or other facilities provided students authorized to make observations and investigations within the prescribed area and provide for the collection of such sums for deposit into the Treasury of the United States; (e) make such disposal of any moneys donated, subscribed, collected, or otherwise provided as in its judgment is to the best interest in carrying out the purpose of this subchapter: Provided, That sums contributed or appropriated for specific purposes shall be used for such purpose only; and (f) include in its annual report of its operations to Congress a statement of activities and operations during the preceding year.

(July 2, 1940, ch. 516, §4, 54 Stat. 724; 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3, §801, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F.R. 7877, 60 Stat. 1101; Pub. L. 89–280, §2, Oct. 20, 1965, 79 Stat. 1012.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 1384 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.

Amendments

1965—Pub. L. 89–280 substituted provisions in cl. (f) requiring the Smithsonian Institution to include in its annual report of its operations to Congress a statement of activities and operations during the preceding year for provisions which required the Smithsonian Institution to submit to the Congress of the United States not later than the 15th day of each January a report of activities and operations during the preceding year.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

"Smithsonian Institution" substituted in text for "Board of Directors of the Canal Zone Biological Area" and former clause (a) which provided for annual meetings of Board was superseded by Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1946, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

1 So in original. Probably should be "fix".
20 U.S.C. § 7102 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7102: Repealed. Pub. L. 114-95, title IV, §4002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1967
Repealed. Pub. L. 114-95, title IV, §4002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1967
Status: repealed

Section 7102, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4002, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, §401, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1734, related to purpose of this part.

A prior section 7102, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4002, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3672, set forth findings, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

A prior section 4002 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 3042 of this title, prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382.

Section 7103, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4003, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, §401, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1734, authorized appropriations for fiscal year 2002 and each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.

A prior section 7103, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4003, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3673, set forth purpose of former provisions, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

A prior section 4003 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 3043 of this title, prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382.

A prior section 7104, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4004, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3674, related to funding, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

A prior section 4004 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 3044 of this title, prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382.

A prior section 7105, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4302, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–153, which established National Trust for Drug-Free Youth to encourage private gifts of property to assist the Secretary of Education in carrying out the national programs of drug abuse research, education, and prevention under subtitle B of title IV of Pub. L. 99–570, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–125 (former 20 U.S.C. 4601 et seq.), was omitted from the Code because of the repeal of subtitle B. Section was formerly classified to section 4665, and subsequently section 3225, of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7272 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7272: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this subpart:

(1) Eligible entity

The term "eligible entity" means the following:

(A) With respect to a grant for activities described in section 7273(a)(1)(A) of this title—

(i) an institution of higher education, as defined in section 1002 of this title;

(ii) an Indian tribe or tribal organization, as defined in section 5304 of title 25; or

(iii) one or more nonprofit entities working in formal partnership with not less than 1 of the following entities:

(I) A high-need local educational agency.

(II) An institution of higher education, as defined in section 1002 of this title.

(III) The office of a chief elected official of a unit of local government.

(IV) An Indian tribe or tribal organization, as defined under section 5304 of title 25.

(B) With respect to a grant for activities described in section 7273(a)(1)(B) of this title, a consortium of—

(i)(I) 1 or more local educational agencies; or

(II) the Bureau of Indian Education; and

(ii) 1 or more community-based organizations, nonprofit organizations, or other public or private entities.

(2) Full-service community school

The term "full-service community school" means a public elementary school or secondary school that—

(A) participates in a community-based effort to coordinate and integrate educational, developmental, family, health, and other comprehensive services through community-based organizations and public and private partnerships; and

(B) provides access to such services in school to students, families, and the community, such as access during the school year (including before- and after-school hours and weekends), as well as during the summer.

(3) Pipeline services

The term "pipeline services" means a continuum of coordinated supports, services, and opportunities for children from birth through entry into and success in postsecondary education, and career attainment. Such services shall include, at a minimum, strategies to address through services or programs (including integrated student supports) the following:

(A) High-quality early childhood education programs.

(B) High-quality school and out-of-school-time programs and strategies.

(C) Support for a child's transition to elementary school, from elementary school to middle school, from middle school to high school, and from high school into and through postsecondary education and into the workforce, including any comprehensive readiness assessment determined necessary.

(D) Family and community engagement and supports, which may include engaging or supporting families at school or at home.

(E) Activities that support postsecondary and workforce readiness, which may include job training, internship opportunities, and career counseling.

(F) Community-based support for students who have attended the schools in the area served by the pipeline, or students who are members of the community, facilitating their continued connection to the community and success in postsecondary education and the workforce.

(G) Social, health, nutrition, and mental health services and supports.

(H) Juvenile crime prevention and rehabilitation programs.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4622, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4601, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2023.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.