22 U.S.C. § 6441 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 73: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM / Subchapter III: PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS / Section 6441: Presidential actions in response to violations of religious freedom
Presidential actions in response to violations of religious freedom
Status: in_force

(a) Response to violations of religious freedom

(1) In general

(A) United States policy

It shall be the policy of the United States—

(i) to oppose violations of religious freedom that are or have been engaged in or tolerated by the governments of foreign countries; and

(ii) to promote the right to freedom of religion in those countries through the actions described in subsection (b).

(B) Requirement of Presidential action

For each foreign country the government of which engages in or tolerates violations of religious freedom, the President shall oppose such violations and promote the right to freedom of religion in that country through the actions described in subsection (b).

(2) Basis of actions

Each action taken under paragraph (1)(B) shall be based upon information regarding violations of religious freedom, as described in the latest Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, the Annual Report and Executive Summary, and on any other evidence available, and shall take into account any findings or recommendations by the Commission with respect to the foreign country.

(b) Presidential actions

(1) In general

Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the President, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Ambassador at Large, the Special Adviser, and the Commission, shall, as expeditiously as practicable in response to the violations described in subsection (a) by the government of a foreign country—

(A) take one or more of the actions described in paragraphs (1) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to such country; or

(B) negotiate and enter into a binding agreement with the government of such country, as described in section 6445(c) of this title.

(2) Deadline for actions

Not later than September 1 of each year, the President shall take action under any of paragraphs (1) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to each foreign country the government of which has engaged in or tolerated violations of religious freedom at any time since September 1 of the preceding year, except that in the case of action under any of paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate action in substitution thereto)—

(A) the action may only be taken after the requirements of sections 6443 and 6444 of this title have been satisfied; and

(B) the September 1 limitation shall not apply.

(3) Authority for delay of Presidential actions

The President may delay action under paragraph (2) described in any of paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) if he determines and certifies to Congress that a single, additional period of time, not to exceed 90 days, is necessary pursuant to the same provisions applying to countries of particular concern for religious freedom under section 6442(c)(3) of this title.

(c) Implementation

(1) In general

In carrying out subsection (b), the President shall—

(A) take the action or actions that most appropriately respond to the nature and severity of the violations of religious freedom;

(B) seek to the fullest extent possible to target action as narrowly as practicable with respect to the agency or instrumentality of the foreign government, or specific officials thereof, that are responsible for such violations; and

(C) when appropriate, make every reasonable effort to conclude a binding agreement concerning the cessation of such violations in countries with which the United States has diplomatic relations.

(2) Guidelines for Presidential actions

In addition to the guidelines under paragraph (1), the President, in determining whether to take a Presidential action under paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate action in substitution thereto), shall seek to minimize any adverse impact on—

(A) the population of the country whose government is targeted by the Presidential action or actions; and

(B) the humanitarian activities of United States and foreign nongovernmental organizations in such country.

(Pub. L. 105–292, title IV, §401, Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2800.)

Executive Documents

Delegation of Responsibilities Under the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998

Memorandum of President of the United States, Aug. 17, 1999, 64 F.R. 47345, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State

By the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by title IV, subtitle I (sections 401–409) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 [22 U.S.C. 6441 et seq.] (Public Law 105–292) (the "Act").

Any reference in this memorandum to any act shall be deemed to be a reference to such act as amended from time to time.

The functions delegated by this memorandum may be delegated within the Department of State.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

William J. Clinton.
22 U.S.C. § 266 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Section 266: International commission of congresses of navigation; authorization of appropriation for expenses
International commission of congresses of navigation; authorization of appropriation for expenses
Status: in_force

The sum of $3,000 a year is authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the support and maintenance of the permanent international commission of the congresses of navigation and for the payment of the actual expenses of the properly accredited national delegates of the United States to the meetings of the congresses and of the commission; and the Secretary of the Army is authorized to draw his warrant each year upon the Secretary of the Treasury for such sum, not to exceed $3,000, as may in his opinion be proper to apply to the purposes above mentioned, and the said sum shall be disbursed under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Army.

The national delegates aforesaid from the United States shall serve without compensation, but shall be reimbursed for their actual expenses incurred while traveling to and from the meetings, and while in attendance thereon, from the funds appropriated in this section and authorized to be expended.

(June 28, 1902, ch. 1306, 32 Stat. 485; June 26, 1934, ch. 756, §2, 48 Stat. 1225; July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, §205(a), 61 Stat. 501.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Act June 26, 1934, ch. 756, §2(a), 48 Stat. 1225, which was classified to section 725a of former Title 31, Money and Finance, provided for the repeal, effective July 1, 1935, of the permanent appropriations under the appropriations titles listed in section 2(b) of such Act, and further provided that such portions of any Acts as made permanent appropriations to be expended under such accounts were amended so as to authorize, in lieu thereof, annual appropriations from the general fund of the Treasury in identical terms and in such amounts as were provided by the laws providing such permanent appropriations. The text of section 2(b)(12) of such Act provides as follows: "Permanent International Commission of Congresses of Navigation (fiscal year) (8–887)." See 1934 Amendment note below.

Amendments

1934—Act June 26, 1934, substituted "The sum of $3,000 a year is authorized to be appropriated" for "The sum of $3,000 a year is hereby appropriated".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Department of War designated Department of the Army and title of Secretary of War changed to Secretary of the Army by section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, 61 Stat. 501. Section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, was repealed by section 53 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 641. Section 1 of act Aug. 10, 1956, enacted "Title 10, Armed Forces" which in sections 3010 to 3013 continued Department of the Army under administrative supervision of Secretary of the Army.

Effective Date of 1934 Amendment

Act June 26, 1934, ch. 756, §2(a), 48 Stat. 1225, provided that the permanent appropriations under the appropriations titles listed in section 2(b) of such Act were repealed, effective July 1, 1935.
22 U.S.C. § 2413 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2413: Changes in allocation of foreign assistance
Changes in allocation of foreign assistance
Status: in_force

(a) Notification by President to foreign country

 Not later than thirty days after the enactment of any law appropriating funds to carry out any provision of this chapter (other than section 2261 or 2397 of this title) or the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.], the President shall notify the Congress of each foreign country and international organization to which the United States Government intends to provide any portion of the funds under such law and of the amount of funds under that law, by category of assistance, that the United States Government intends to provide to each.

(b) Application of provisions to continuing appropriations; waiver of provisions

The provisions of this section shall not apply in the case of any law making continuing appropriations and may not be waived under the provisions of section 2364(a) of this title.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, §653, as added Pub. L. 92–226, pt. III, §304(b), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 28; amended Pub. L. 93–559, §21, Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1801; Pub. L. 95–384, §§10(b)(3), 12(c)(2), Sept. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 735, 737; Pub. L. 99–83, title XII, §1209(b), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 279.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–83, §1209(b)(1), inserted reference to the Arms Export Control Act.

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 99–83, §1209(b)(2), (3), redesignated subsec. (c) as (b). Former subsec. (b), relating to report to Congress prior to grant of assistance with excess funds, was struck out.

1978—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–384 substituted in provisions preceding par. (1) in two places and in par. (2) "assistance under part IV of subchapter II of this chapter" for "security supporting assistance" and in provisions preceding par. (1) in two places "part VI of subchapter II" for "subchapter IV" and inserted in par. (2) "or assistance under part VI of subchapter II of this chapter" before ", the President includes".

1974—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93–559, §21(1), struck out provisions limiting the military grant assistance or security supporting assistance to any foreign country or international organization to an amount not more than 10 percent of funds authorized under any law unless the President determines that it would be in the security interests of the United States to provide excess funds and reports to Congress the identity of the recipient, the amount of excess funds provided, and the justification for additional assistance. See subsec. (b) of this section.

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 93–559, §21(2), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as a note under section 2151–1 of this title.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 6982 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 77: UNITED STATES-CHINA RELATIONS / Subchapter IV: TRADE AND RULE OF LAW ISSUES IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA / Section 6982: Administrative authorities
Administrative authorities
Status: in_force

In carrying out the programs authorized by section 6981 of this title, the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Labor (in consultation with the Secretary of State) may utilize any of the authorities contained in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] and the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.].

(Pub. L. 106–286, div. B, title V, §512, Oct. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 906.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071, which is classified principally to chapter 52 (§3901 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3901 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 3357b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 48A: TAIWAN ENHANCED RESILIENCE / Subchapter I: IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ENHANCED DEFENSE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND TAIWAN / Section 3357b: Establishment of training, advising, and institutional capacity-building program for military forces of Taiwan
Establishment of training, advising, and institutional capacity-building program for military forces of Taiwan
Status: in_force

Consistent with the Taiwan Relations Act (22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.) and pursuant to section 3353 of this title, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with appropriate officials of Taiwan, shall establish a comprehensive training, advising, and institutional capacity-building program for the military forces of Taiwan using the authorities provided in chapter 16 of title 10 and other applicable statutory authorities available to the Secretary of Defense.

(Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XIII, §1309(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 494.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Taiwan Relations Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–8, Apr. 10, 1979, 93 Stat. 14, which is classified generally to chapter 48 (§3301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3301 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, and not as part of the Taiwan Enhanced Resilience Act which comprises this chapter.
22 U.S.C. § 290o (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XXX: MIDDLE EAST DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 290o: Acceptance of membership
Acceptance of membership
Status: in_force

The President is hereby authorized to accept membership for the United States in the Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa (in this subchapter referred to as the "Bank") provided for by the agreement establishing the Bank (in this subchapter referred to as the "Agreement"), signed on May 31, 1996.

(Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(c) [title VII, §702], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 3009–179.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title I, §101(c) [title VII], of div. A of Pub. L. 104–208, Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 3009–179, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of title I, §101(c) [title VII], to the Code, see Short Title note below and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(c) [title VII, §701], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 2009–179, provided that: "This title [enacting this subchapter and amending sections 262r and 276c–2 of this title and section 24 of Title 12, Banks and Banking] may be cited as the 'Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa Act'."
22 U.S.C. § 286aa (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XV: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND AND BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT / Section 286aa: Instructions to United States Executive Director; Communist dictatorships
Instructions to United States Executive Director; Communist dictatorships
Status: in_force

The Congress hereby finds that Communist dictatorships result in severe constraints on labor and capital mobility and other highly inefficient labor and capital supply rigidities which contribute to balance of payments deficits in direct contradiction of the goals of the International Monetary Fund. Therefore, the Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director of the Fund to actively oppose any facility involving use of Fund credit by any Communist dictatorship, unless the Secretary of the Treasury certifies and documents in writing upon request and so notifies and appears, if requested, before the Foreign Relations and Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committees of the Senate and the Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs Committee of the House of Representatives, at least twenty-one days in advance of any vote on such drawing that such drawing—

(1) provides the basis for correcting the balance of payments difficulties and restoring a sustainable balance of payments position;

(2) would reduce the severe constraints on labor and capital mobility or other highly inefficient labor and capital supply rigidities and advances market-oriented forces in that country; and

(3) is in the best economic interest of the majority of the people in that country.

Should the Secretary not meet a request to appear before the aforementioned committees at least twenty-one days in advance of any vote on any facility involving use of Fund credit by any communist dictatorship and certify and document in writing that these three conditions have been met, the United States Executive Director shall vote against such program.

(July 31, 1945, ch. 339, §43, as added Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title VIII, §804], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1270; amended Pub. L. 103–149, §4(b)(6), Nov. 23, 1993, 107 Stat. 1505.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1993—Pub. L. 103–149 struck out "(a)" before "The Congress" and struck out subsec. (b) which related to use of International Monetary Fund credit by any country which practices apartheid.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of House of Representatives treated as referring to Committee on Banking and Financial Services of House of Representatives by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 104–14, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 2, The Congress. Committee on Banking and Financial Services of House of Representatives abolished and replaced by Committee on Financial Services of House of Representatives, and jurisdiction over matters relating to securities and exchanges and insurance generally transferred from Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Seventh Congress, Jan. 3, 2001.
22 U.S.C. § 1645b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter VII: CLAIMS AGAINST VIETNAM / Section 1645b: Receipt and determination of claims; notice by publication in Federal Register
Receipt and determination of claims; notice by publication in Federal Register
Status: in_force

The Commission shall receive and determine in accordance with applicable substantive law, including international law, the validity and amounts of claims by nationals of the United States against Vietnam arising on or after April 29, 1975, for losses incurred as a result of the nationalization, expropriation, or other taking of (or special measures directed against) property which, at the time of such nationalization, expropriation, or other taking, was owned wholly or partially, directly or indirectly, by nationals of the United States to whom no restoration or adequate compensation for such property has been made. Such claims must be submitted to the Commission within the period specified by the Commission by notice published in the Federal Register (which period shall not be more than a period of two years beginning on the date of such publication) within sixty days after December 28, 1980, or of legislation making appropriations to the Commission for payment of administrative expenses incurred in carrying out its functions under this subchapter, whichever date is later.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VII, §703, as added Pub. L. 96–606, Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3535.)
22 U.S.C. § 1611 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 20A: MUTUAL DEFENSE ASSISTANCE CONTROL PROGRAM / Subchapter I: WAR MATERIALS / Section 1611: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections, act Oct. 26, 1951, ch. 575, title I, §§101–105, 65 Stat. 645; H. Res. 163, Mar. 19, 1975, were superseded, effective October 1, 1979, by former section 4619(e) of Title 50, War and National Defense.

Section 1611 set forth the Congressional declaration of policy.

Section 1611a related to responsibility for administration.

Section 1611b related to determinations respecting items to be embargoed.

Section 1611c related to resumption of assistance upon determination of compliance by the President.

Section 1611d defined "assistance" for purposes of this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Act Oct. 26, 1951, ch. 575, §1, 65 Stat. 645, which provided that this chapter be cited as the "Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951", was superseded, effective October 1, 1979, by former section 4619(e) of Title 50, War and National Defense.
22 U.S.C. § 8792 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 94: IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS / Subchapter VII: SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SYRIA / Section 8792: Imposition of sanctions with respect to the transfer of goods or technologies to Syria that are likely to be used to commit human rights abuses
Imposition of sanctions with respect to the transfer of goods or technologies to Syria that are likely to be used to commit human rights abuses
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The President shall impose sanctions described in section 8791(c) of this title with respect to—

(1) each person on the list required by subsection (b); and

(2) any person that—

(A) is a successor entity to a person on the list;

(B) owns or controls a person on the list, if the person that owns or controls the person on the list had actual knowledge or should have known that the person on the list engaged in the activity described in subsection (b)(2) for which the person was included in the list; or

(C) is owned or controlled by, or under common ownership or control with, the person on the list, if the person owned or controlled by, or under common ownership or control with (as the case may be), the person on the list knowingly engaged in the activity described in subsection (b)(2) for which the person was included in the list.

(b) List

(1) In general

Not later than 120 days after August 10, 2012, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of persons that the President determines have knowingly engaged in an activity described in paragraph (2) on or after August 10, 2012.

(2) Activity described

(A) In general

A person engages in an activity described in this paragraph if the person—

(i) transfers, or facilitates the transfer of, goods or technologies described in subparagraph (C) to Syria; or

(ii) provides services with respect to goods or technologies described in subparagraph (C) after such goods or technologies are transferred to Syria.

(B) Applicability to contracts and other agreements

A person engages in an activity described in subparagraph (A) without regard to whether the activity is carried out pursuant to a contract or other agreement entered into before, on, or after August 10, 2012.

(C) Goods or technologies described

Goods or technologies described in this subparagraph are goods or technologies that the President determines are likely to be used by the Government of Syria or any of its agencies or instrumentalities to commit human rights abuses against the people of Syria, including—

(i) firearms or ammunition (as those terms are defined in section 921 of title 18), rubber bullets, police batons, pepper or chemical sprays, stun grenades, electroshock weapons, tear gas, water cannons, or surveillance technology; or

(ii) sensitive technology.

(D) Sensitive technology defined

(i) In general

For purposes of subparagraph (C), the term "sensitive technology" means hardware, software, telecommunications equipment, or any other technology, that the President determines is to be used specifically—

(I) to restrict the free flow of unbiased information in Syria; or

(II) to disrupt, monitor, or otherwise restrict speech of the people of Syria.

(ii) Exception

The term "sensitive technology" does not include information or informational materials the exportation of which the President does not have the authority to regulate or prohibit pursuant to section 1702(b)(3) of title 50.

(3) Special rule to allow for termination of sanctionable activity

The President shall not be required to include a person on the list required by paragraph (1) if the President certifies in writing to the appropriate congressional committees that—

(A) the person is no longer engaging in, or has taken significant verifiable steps toward stopping, the activity described in paragraph (2) for which the President would otherwise have included the person on the list; and

(B) the President has received reliable assurances that the person will not knowingly engage in any activity described in paragraph (2) in the future.

(4) Updates of list

The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)—

(A) not later than 300 days after August 10, 2012, and every 180 days thereafter; and

(B) as new information becomes available.

(5) Form of report; public availability

(A) Form

The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex.

(B) Public availability

The unclassified portion of the list required by paragraph (1) shall be made available to the public and posted on the websites of the Department of the Treasury and the Department of State.

(Pub. L. 112–158, title VII, §703, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1266.)

Termination of Section

For termination of section, see section 8795 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2505 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 34: THE PEACE CORPS / Section 2505: Peace Corps volunteer leaders; number; applicability of chapter; benefits
Peace Corps volunteer leaders; number; applicability of chapter; benefits
Status: in_force

The President may enroll in the Peace Corps qualified citizens or nationals of the United States whose services are required for supervisory or other special duties or responsibilities in connection with programs under this chapter (referred to in this chapter as "volunteer leaders"). The ratio of the total number of volunteer leaders to the total number of volunteers in service at any one time shall not exceed one to twenty-five. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, all of the provisions of this chapter applicable to volunteers shall be applicable to volunteer leaders, and the term "volunteers" shall include "volunteer leaders": Provided, however, That—

(1) volunteer leaders shall be entitled to receive a readjustment allowance at a rate not less than $125 for each month of satisfactory service as determined by the President;

(2) spouses and minor children of volunteer leaders may receive such living, travel, and leave allowances, and such housing, transportation, subsistence, and essential special items of clothing, as the President may determine, but the authority contained in this paragraph shall be exercised only under exceptional circumstances;

(3) spouses and minor children of volunteer leaders accompanying them may receive such health care as the President may determine and upon such terms as he may determine, including health care in any facility referred to in section 2504(e) of this title, subject to such conditions as the President may prescribe and subject to reimbursement of appropriations as provided in section 2504(e) of this title; and

(4) spouses and minor children of volunteer leaders accompanying them may receive such orientation, language, and other training necessary to accomplish the purposes of this chapter as the President may determine.

(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, §6, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 615; Pub. L. 88–200, §3, Dec. 13, 1963, 77 Stat. 360; Pub. L. 89–134, §3, Aug. 24, 1965, 79 Stat. 549; Pub. L. 91–352, §4, July 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 465; Pub. L. 97–387, §1(a), Dec. 23, 1982, 96 Stat. 1947.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–293, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612, known as the Peace Corps Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1982—Par. (1). Pub. L. 97–387 substituted "not less than $125" for "not to exceed $125".

1970—Pub. L. 91–352 struck out provisions extending health care under cl. (3) to a married volunteer's child if born during the volunteer's service.

1965—Pub. L. 89–134 extended the health care provisions of cl. (3) to a married volunteer's child if born during the volunteer's service.

1963—Pub. L. 88–200 substituted "a readjustment allowance" for "termination payments" in cl. (1).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Pub. L. 97–387, §1(b), Dec. 23, 1982, 96 Stat. 1947, provided that: "This amendment [amending this section] shall be effective as of December 29, 1981."

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions of President under this section delegated to Director of Peace Corps with functions relating to providing health care in government facilities under clause (3) to be exercised in consultation with head of agency responsible for facility by sections 1–103 and 1–106 of Ex. Ord. No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44 F.R. 29023, eff. May 16, 1979, set out as a note under section 2501 of this title.

Appointment to Civilian Career Services

Appointment of former volunteer leaders to civilian career services, see Ex. Ord. No. 11103, Apr. 10, 1963, 28 F.R. 3571, set out as a note under section 2504 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 3612 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3612: Supervisory Board
Supervisory Board
Status: in_force

(a) Composition of Board

The Commission shall be supervised by a Board composed of nine members, one of whom shall be an officer of the Department of Defense. The officer of the Department of Defense who shall serve on the Board shall be designated by the Secretary of Defense and may continue to serve on the Board only while continuing to serve as an officer of the Department of Defense. Not less than five members of the Board shall be nationals of the United States and the remaining members of the Board shall be nationals of the Republic of Panama. Three members of the Board who are nationals of the United States shall hold no other office in, and shall not be employed by, the Government of the United States, and shall be chosen for the independent perspective they can bring to the Commission's affairs. Members of the Board who are nationals of the United States shall cast their votes as directed by the the 1 officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary of Defense to be a member of the Board.

(b) Membership of Board; appointing authority; compensation and travel expenses; compensation for non-Government Board members

The President shall appoint the members of the Board. The members of the Board who are United States nationals shall be appointed by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Each member of the Board shall hold office at the pleasure of the President and, before assuming the duties of such office, shall take an oath to discharge faithfully the duties of his office. Members of the Board shall serve without compensation but shall be allowed travel or transportation expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with section 3617 of this title, except that, in addition to such travel or transportation expenses, members of the Board who hold no other office with either the Government of the United States or the Republic of Panama for which they receive pay are authorized to be compensated at the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5, for each day during which they are traveling to or from or attending meetings of the Board as provided in subsection (c) of this section or, as authorized by the Chairman of the Board, while on official Panama Canal Commission business.

(c) Meetings; quorum; proxies

The Board shall hold meetings as provided in regulations adopted by the Commission and approved by the Secretary of Defense. A quorum for the transaction of business shall consist of a majority of the Board members of which a majority of those present are nationals of the United States. The Secretary of Defense, or the officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary under subsection (a) of this section, may act by proxy for any other member of the Board if that other member authorizes the proxy in writing and signs the proxy. The proxy may be counted to establish a quorum and may be used by the Secretary of Defense, or the officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary under subsection (a) of this section, to cast the vote of the absent Board member and to act for that member with all the powers that member would possess if present.

(Pub. L. 96–70, title I, §1102, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 456; Pub. L. 98–217, Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 99–223, §6, Dec. 28, 1985, 99 Stat. 1740; Pub. L. 100–203, title V, §5416, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–270; Pub. L. 100–705, §7, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4686; Pub. L. 101–510, div. C, title XXXV, §3504, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1846; Pub. L. 104–106, div. C, title XXXV, §3523, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 638; Pub. L. 105–261, div. C, title XXXV, §3511(a), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2270.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–261 substituted "The Commission shall be supervised by a Board composed of nine members, one of whom shall be an officer of the Department of Defense. The officer of the Department of Defense who shall serve on the Board shall be designated by the Secretary of Defense and may continue to serve on the Board only while continuing to serve as an officer of the Department of Defense." for "The Commission shall be supervised by a Board composed of nine members, one of whom shall be the Secretary of Defense or an officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary." and "the officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary of Defense to be a member of the Board" for "Secretary of Defense or a designee of the Secretary of Defense".

1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–106 added subsec. (a) and struck out former subsec. (a) which read as follows: "The Commission shall be supervised by a Board composed of nine members, one of whom shall be the Secretary of Defense or an officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary. Not less than five members of the Board shall be nationals of the United States and the remaining members shall be nationals of the Republic of Panama. At least one of the members of the Board who are nationals of the United States shall be experienced and knowledgeable in the management or operation of an American-flag steamship line which has or had ships regularly transiting the Panama Canal, at least one other such member shall be experienced and knowledgeable in United States port operations or in the business of exporting or importing one of the regular commodities dependent on the Panama Canal as a transportation route, and at least one other such member shall be experienced and knowledgeable in labor matters in the United States. Three members of the Board shall hold no other office in or be employed by the Government of the United States. Members of the Board who are nationals of the United States shall cast their votes as directed by the Secretary of Defense or his designee."

1990—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–510 substituted "level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316" for "grade GS–18 of the General Schedule under section 5332".

1988—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–705 struck out after third sentence "Only one proxy may be valid at any one time."

1987—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–203 inserted before period at end "or, as authorized by the Chairman of the Board, while on official Panama Canal Commission business".

1985—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–223 inserted provisions relating to compensation of members of the Board who hold no other office with either the Government of the United States or the Republic of Panama for which they receive pay.

1984—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–217 inserted provisions under which the Secretary of Defense or the officer of the Department of Defense designated by the Secretary may act by proxy for other members of the Board.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Pub. L. 100–705, §10, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4687, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 3715 to 3715d of this title, amending this section and sections 3712 and 3731 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 3601 of this title] takes effect on October 1, 1988."

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Pub. L. 99–223, §8, Dec. 28, 1985, 99 Stat. 1740, provided that: "Section 5 and section 6 of the Act [enacting section 3650 of this title and amending this section and sections 3647 and 3731 of this title] shall be effective as of October 1, 1985."

1 So in original.
22 U.S.C. § 277h (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter IV: INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION / Section 277h: Authority of the International Boundary and Water Commission to assist State and local governments
Authority of the International Boundary and Water Commission to assist State and local governments
Status: in_force

(a) Authority

The Commissioner of the United States section of the International Boundary and Water Commission may provide technical tests, evaluations, information, surveys, or others 1 similar services to State or local governments upon the request of such State or local government on a reimbursable basis.

(b) Reimbursements

Reimbursements shall be paid in advance of the goods or services ordered and shall be for the estimated or actual cost as determined by the United States section of the International Boundary and Water Commission. Proper adjustment of amounts paid in advance shall be made as determined by the United States section of the International Boundary and Water Commission on the basis of the actual cost of goods or services provided. Reimbursements received by the United States section of the International Boundary and Water Commission for providing services under this section shall be credited to the appropriation from which the cost of providing the services is charged.

(Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(7) [div. A, title VII, §702], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–459.)

1 So in original. Probably should be "other".
22 U.S.C. § 3654 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3654: Repealed. Pub. L. 104-201, div. C, title XXXV, §3532, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2863
Repealed. Pub. L. 104-201, div. C, title XXXV, §3532, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2863
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 96–70, title I, §1214, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 465, related to an interim, continuing application of Canal Zone Merit System, as in effect on Sept. 30, 1979, until Panama Canal Employment System was established and in effect.
22 U.S.C. § 285bb (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIV: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 285bb: Additional contribution to special funds
Additional contribution to special funds
Status: in_force

(a) Contribution authority

(1) In general

The United States Governor of the Bank may contribute on behalf of the United States an amount equal to the amount appropriated under subsection (b), pursuant to the resolution of the Bank entitled "Seventh Replenishment of the Asian Development Fund".

(2) Subject to appropriations

Any commitment to make the contribution authorized by paragraph (1) shall be effective only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriations Acts.

(b) Limitations on authorization of appropriations

For the contribution authorized by subsection (a), there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for payment by the Secretary of the Treasury, without fiscal year limitation.

(Pub. L. 89–369, §31, as added Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title V, §582, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 204.)
22 U.S.C. § 1384 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 15: THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES / Subchapter V: PROPERTY RETAINED BY THE UNITED STATES / Section 1384: Transfer of shares of corporations owning agricultural lands; consideration; indemnification
Transfer of shares of corporations owning agricultural lands; consideration; indemnification
Status: in_force

Immediately upon passage of this subchapter the Alien Property Custodian of the United States shall enter into an agreement with the President of the Philippines to transfer to the Philippine Government for a nominal cash consideration all shares now vested or hereafter vested by the Alien Property Custodian of corporations owning in fee, leasing, or otherwise operating or controlling agricultural lands in the Philippines, other agricultural lands in the Philippines, vested or hereafter vested by the Alien Property Custodian not included in the foregoing, and improved property in Manila vested or hereafter vested by the Alien Property Custodian which in his judgment is urgently needed for the operation of an administrative agency of the Philippine Government: Provided, That in respect to property transferred under this section to the Philippine Government, it shall be made a part of the agreement that the Philippine Government shall fully indemnify the United States for all claims payable under the Trading With the Enemy Act, as amended [50 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.], and for all such costs and expenses of administration as may by law be charged against such property or proceeds thereof.

(July 3, 1946, ch. 536, §5, 60 Stat. 419.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Trading With the Enemy Act, as amended, referred to in text, is act Oct. 6, 1917, ch. 106, 40 Stat. 411, which is classified generally to chapter 53 (§4301 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 9221c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 99: NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS AND POLICY ENHANCEMENT / Subchapter II: SANCTIONS AGAINST NORTH KOREAN PROLIFERATION, HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES, AND ILLICIT ACTIVITIES / Section 9221c: Prohibition on transactions with certain sanctioned persons by persons owned or controlled by United States financial institutions
Prohibition on transactions with certain sanctioned persons by persons owned or controlled by United States financial institutions
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than 180 days after December 20, 2019, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall prohibit an entity owned or controlled by a United States financial institution and established or maintained outside the United States from knowingly engaging in any transaction described in subsection (b) directly or indirectly with the Government of North Korea or any person designated for the imposition of sanctions with respect to North Korea under—

(1) subsection (a), (b), or (g) of section 9214 of this title;

(2) an applicable Executive order; or

(3) an applicable United Nations Security Council resolution.

(b) Transactions described

A transaction described in this subsection is a transaction that would be prohibited by an order or regulation issued pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) if the transaction were engaged in in the United States or by a United States person.

(c) Civil penalties

The civil penalty provided for in section 206(b) of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705(b)) shall apply to a United States financial institution to the same extent that such penalty applies to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act if an entity owned or controlled by the United States financial institution and established or maintained outside the United States violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of any order or regulation issued to implement subsection (a).

(d) United States financial institution defined

In this section, the term "United States financial institution" has the meaning given the term "U.S. financial institution" in section 510.328 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or ruling).

(Pub. L. 114–122, title II, §201C, as added Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXI, §7121(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2246.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 449 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 9: FOREIGN WARS, WAR MATERIALS, AND NEUTRALITY / Subchapter II: NEUTRALITY / Section 449: American republics
American republics
Status: in_force

This subchapter (except section 452 1 of this title) shall not apply to any American republic engaged in war against a non-American state or states, provided the American republic is not cooperating with a non-American state or states in such war.

(Nov. 4, 1939, ch. 2, §9, 54 Stat. 8.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 452 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, §542(a)(12), 68 Stat. 861. See former section 1934(a) and section 2778(a) of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 1931 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter III: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE / Section 1931: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Status: repealed

Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, §411, 68 Stat. 846; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, §8(i), 69 Stat. 287; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §8(i), 70 Stat. 558; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, §8(k), 71 Stat. 362; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, §205(i), ch. V, §501(15), 72 Stat. 267, 271; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, §205(k), 73 Stat. 250; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, §204(j), ch. V, §501(b), 74 Stat. 137, 140, related to payment of administrative and other expenses. See sections 2396(b), (f) and 2397 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9305 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 100: GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY / Section 9305: Assistance to implement the Global Food Security Strategy
Assistance to implement the Global Food Security Strategy
Status: in_force

(a) Food shortages

The President is authorized to carry out activities pursuant to section 103, section 103A, title XII of chapter 2 of part I, and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151a, 2151a–1, 2220a et seq., and 2346 et seq.) to prevent or address food shortages notwithstanding any other provision of law.

(b) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development $1,200,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2024 through 2028 to carry out those portions of the Global Food Security Strategy that relate to the Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development, respectively. Amounts authorized to appropriated under this subsection should be prioritized to carry out programs and activities in target countries.

(c) Monitoring and evaluation

The President shall seek to ensure that assistance to implement the Global Food Security Strategy is provided under established parameters for a rigorous accountability system to monitor and evaluate progress and impact of the strategy, including by reporting to the appropriate congressional committees and the public on an annual basis.

(Pub. L. 114–195, §6, July 20, 2016, 130 Stat. 680; Pub. L. 115–266, §2(a), Oct. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 3755; Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5588(f), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3378.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424. Title XII of chapter 2 of part I of the Act is classified generally to subpart XII (§2220a et seq.) of part II of subchapter I of chapter 32 of this title. Chapter 4 of part II of the Act is classified generally to part IV (§2346 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 32 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–263 substituted "$1,200,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2024 through 2028" for "$1,000,600,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023" and inserted at end "Amounts authorized to appropriated under this subsection should be prioritized to carry out programs and activities in target countries."

2018—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–266 substituted "fiscal years 2017 through 2023" for "fiscal years 2017 and 2018".

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

Functions of President under subsec. (a) of this section delegated to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, and under subsec. (c) of this section to the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, by Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 30, 2016, 81 F.R. 76483, set out as a note under section 9304 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 4305 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 53: AUTHORITIES RELATING TO THE REGULATION OF FOREIGN MISSIONS / Section 4305: Property of foreign missions
Property of foreign missions
Status: in_force

(a) Proposed acquisition, sale, or other disposition

(1) The Secretary shall require any foreign mission, including any mission to an international organization (as defined in section 4309(b)(2) of this title), to notify the Secretary prior to any proposed acquisition, or any proposed sale or other disposition, of any real property by or on behalf of such mission. The foreign mission (or other party acting on behalf of the foreign mission) may initiate or execute any contract, proceeding, application, or other action required for the proposed action—

(A) only after the expiration of the 60-day period beginning on the date of such notification (or after the expiration of such shorter period as the Secretary may specify in a given case); and

(B) only if the mission is not notified by the Secretary within that period that the proposal has been disapproved; however, the Secretary may include in such a notification such terms and conditions as the Secretary may determine appropriate in order to remove the disapproval.

(2) For purposes of this section, "acquisition" includes any acquisition or alteration of, or addition to, any real property or any change in the purpose for which real property is used by a foreign mission.

(b) Divesture

The Secretary may require any foreign mission to divest itself of, or forgo the use of, any real property determined by the Secretary—

(1) not to have been acquired in accordance with this section;

(2) to exceed limitations placed on real property available to a United States mission in the sending State; or

(3) where otherwise necessary to protect the interests of the United States.

(c) Cessation of diplomatic, consular, and other governmental activities in United States; protecting power or other agent; disposition of property

If a foreign mission has ceased conducting diplomatic, consular, and other governmental activities in the United States and has not designated a protecting power or other agent approved by the Secretary to be responsible for the property of that foreign mission, the Secretary—

(1) until the designation of a protecting power or other agent approved by the Secretary, may protect and preserve any property of that foreign mission; and

(2) may dispose of such property at such time as the Secretary may determine after the expiration of the one-year period beginning on the date that the foreign mission ceased those activities, and may remit to the sending State the net proceeds from such disposition.

(d) Protection from future hostile intelligence activities in United States

(1) After December 22, 1987, real property in the United States may not be acquired (by sale, lease, or other means) by or on behalf of the foreign mission of a foreign country described in paragraph (4) if, in the judgment of the Secretary of Defense (after consultation with the Secretary of State), the acquisition of that property might substantially improve the capability of that country to intercept communications involving United States Government diplomatic, military, or intelligence matters.

(2) After December 22, 1987, real property in the United States may not be acquired (by sale, lease, or other means) by or on behalf of the foreign mission of a foreign country described in paragraph (4) if, in the judgment of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (after consultation with the Secretary of State), the acquisition of that property might substantially improve the capability of that country to engage in intelligence activities directed against the United States Government, other than the intelligence activities described in paragraph (1).

(3) The Secretary of State shall inform the Secretary of Defense and the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation immediately upon notice being given pursuant to subsection (a) of this section of a proposed acquisition of real property by or on behalf of the foreign mission of a foreign country described in paragraph (4).

(4) For the purposes of this subsection, the term "foreign country" means—

(A) any country listed as a Communist country in section 2370(f) of this title;

(B) any country determined by the Secretary of State, for purposes of section 4605(j) 1 of title 50, to be a country which has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism; and

(C) any other country which engages in intelligence activities in the United States which are adverse to the national security interests of the United States.

(5) As used in this section, the term "substantially improve" shall not be construed to prevent the establishment of a foreign mission by a country which, on December 22, 1987—

(A) does not have a mission in the United States, or

(B) with respect to a city in the United States, did not maintain a mission in that city.

(Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841, title II, §205, as added Pub. L. 97–241, title II, §202(b), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 285; amended Pub. L. 99–93, title I, §127(d), (e), Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 418; Pub. L. 100–204, title I, §161, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1356; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §162(o)(5), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 410.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 4605(j) of title 50, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, §1766(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2232.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–236, §162(o)(5)(A), substituted "Secretary prior to" for "Director prior to" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 103–236, §162(o)(5)(B), struck out "authorize the Director to" before "dispose of".

1987—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100–204 added subsec. (d).

1985—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 99–93, §127(e), substituted "shall" for "may" and inserted ", including any mission to an international organization (as defined in section 4309(b)(2) of this title)," after "foreign mission" in first sentence, and substituted "The" for "If such a notification is required, the" in second sentence.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 99–93, §127(d), added par. (3).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–236 applicable with respect to officials, offices, and bureaus of Department of State when executive orders, regulations, or departmental directives implementing the amendments by sections 161 and 162 of Pub. L. 103–236 become effective, or 90 days after Apr. 30, 1994, whichever comes earlier, see section 161(b) of Pub. L. 103–236, as amended, set out as a note under section 2651a of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1982, see section 204 of Pub. L. 97–241, set out as a note under section 4301 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 2151j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2151j: Repealed. Pub. L. 93-559, §30(b), Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1804
Repealed. Pub. L. 93-559, §30(b), Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1804
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §112, as added Pub. L. 93–189, §2(3), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 716, related to police training prohibition. See section 2420 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2734a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2734a: Authorities related to personnel
Authorities related to personnel
Status: in_force

(a) Extension of certain Foreign Service benefits

The Secretary, or the head of any agency with respect to personnel of that agency, may extend to any individuals assigned, detailed, or deployed to carry out reconstruction and stabilization activities pursuant to section 2734 of this title (as added by section 1605 1 of this title), the benefits or privileges set forth in sections 3973, 4024, and 4081 of this title to the same extent and manner that such benefits and privileges are extended to members of the Foreign Service.

(b) Authority regarding details

The Secretary is authorized to accept details or assignments of any personnel, and any employee of a State or local government, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis for the purpose of carrying out this title,1 and the head of any agency is authorized to detail or assign personnel of such agency on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis to the Department of State for purposes of section 2734 of this title, as added by section 1605 1 of this title.

(Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title XVI, §1606, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4656.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1605 of this title, referred to in text, means section 1605 of title XVI of Pub. L. 110–417.

This title, the first time appearing in subsec. (b), means title XVI of Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4652, known as the Reconstruction and Stabilization Civilian Management Act of 2008, which enacted this section, sections 2368 and 2734 of this title, and provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 2151 and 2368 of this title. For complete classification of this title to the Code, see Short Title of 2008 Amendment note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title XVI, §1603, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4653, provided that: "In this title [enacting this section, sections 2368 and 2734 of this title, and provisions set out as notes under sections 2151 and 2368 of this title]:

"(1) Administrator.—The term 'Administrator' means the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development.

"(2) Agency.—The term 'agency' means any entity included in chapter 1 of title 5, United States Code.

"(3) Appropriate congressional committees.—The term 'appropriate congressional committees' means the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

"(4) Department.—Except as otherwise provided in this title, the term 'Department' means the Department of State.

"(5) Personnel.—The term 'personnel' means individuals serving in any service described in section 2101 of title 5, United States Code, other than in the legislative or judicial branch.

"(6) Secretary.—The term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of State."

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 4714 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 57: UNITED STATES SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES / Section 4714: Feasibility study of training programs in sizable Hispanic populations
Feasibility study of training programs in sizable Hispanic populations
Status: in_force

No later than December 15, 1985, the Director of the United States Information Agency and the Administrator of the Agency for International Development shall report jointly, to the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, on the feasibility of greater utilization in those two agencies' scholarship and participant training programs of the United States universities in States bordering Latin American and Caribbean 1 which are located in areas characterized by the presence of sizable Hispanic populations.

(Pub. L. 99–93, title VI, §614, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 444.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

United States Information Agency (other than Broadcasting Board of Governors and International Broadcasting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "Latin America and the Caribbean".
22 U.S.C. § 3665 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 51: PANAMA CANAL / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS / Section 3665: Repealed. Pub. L. 105-85, div. C, title XXXV, §3523(a)(3), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 2065
Repealed. Pub. L. 105-85, div. C, title XXXV, §3523(a)(3), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 2065
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 96–70, title I, §1225(b), Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 468, related to minimum pay level and minimum annual increases.
22 U.S.C. § 815 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 815: Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 645, §21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948
Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 645, §21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948
Status: repealed

Section, act June 10, 1933, ch. 57, 48 Stat. 122, related to protection of diplomatic codes. See section 952 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
22 U.S.C. § 5331 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 62: INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL POLICY / Subchapter II: INTERNATIONAL DEBT / Section 5331: International initiative
International initiative
Status: in_force

(a) Directive

(1) Study

The Secretary of the Treasury shall study the feasibility and advisability of establishing the International Debt Management Authority described in this section.

(2) Explanation of determinations

If the Secretary of the Treasury determines that initiation of international discussions with regard to such authority would (A) result in material increase in the discount at which sovereign debt is sold, (B) materially increase the probability of default on such debt, or (C) materially enhance the likelihood of debt service failure or disruption, the Secretary shall include in his interim reports to the Congress an explanation in detail of the reasons for such determination.

(3) Initiation of discussions

Unless such a determination is made, the Secretary of the Treasury shall initiate discussions with such industrialized and developing countries as the Secretary may determine to be appropriate with the intent to negotiate the establishment of the International Debt Management Authority, which would undertake to—

(A) purchase sovereign debt of less developed countries from private creditors at an appropriate discount;

(B) enter into negotiations with the debtor countries for the purpose of restructuring the debt in order to—

(i) ease the current debt service burden on the debtor countries; and

(ii) provide additional opportunities for economic growth in both debtor and industrialized countries; and

(C) assist the creditor banks in the voluntary disposition of their Third World loan portfolio.

(b) Objectives

In any discussions initiated under subsection (a), the Secretary should include the following specific proposals:

(1) That any loan restructuring assistance provided by such an authority to any debtor nation should involve substantial commitments by the debtor to (A) economic policies designed to improve resource utilization and minimize capital flight, and (B) preparation of an economic management plan calculated to provide sustained economic growth and to allow the debtor to meet its restructured debt obligations.

(2) That support for such an authority should come from industrialized countries, and that greater support should be expected from countries with strong current account surpluses.

(3) That such an authority should have a clearly defined close working relationship with the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the various regional development banks.

(4) That such an authority should be designed to operate as a self-supporting entity, requiring no routine appropriation of resources from any member government, and to function subject to the prohibitions contained in the first sentence of section 5332(a) of this title.

(5) That such an authority should have a defined termination date and a clear proposal for the restoration of creditworthiness to debtor countries within this timeframe.

(c) Interim reports

At the end of the 6-month period beginning on August 23, 1988, and at the end of the 12-month period beginning on August 23, 1988, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report on the progress being made on the study or in discussions described in subsection (a) to the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and shall consult with such committees after submitting each such report.

(d) Final report

On the conclusion of the study or of discussions described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall transmit a report containing a detailed description thereof to the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, together with such recommendations for legislation which the Secretary may determine to be necessary or appropriate for the establishment of the International Debt Management Authority.

(Pub. L. 100–418, title III, §3111, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1376.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of House of Representatives treated as referring to Committee on Banking and Financial Services of House of Representatives by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 104–14, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 2, The Congress. Committee on Banking and Financial Services of House of Representatives abolished and replaced by Committee on Financial Services of House of Representatives, and jurisdiction over matters relating to securities and exchanges and insurance generally transferred from Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Seventh Congress, Jan. 3, 2001.
22 U.S.C. § 213a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 4: PASSPORTS / Section 213a: Authority to designate additional passport acceptance agents
Authority to designate additional passport acceptance agents
Status: in_force

(a) Authority to designate

The Secretary may designate any person described in subsection (b) that meets such other requirements as the Secretary may prescribe pursuant to regulations to serve as a passport acceptance agent, unless the Secretary withdraws such authorization on a case-by-case basis with respect to a given person.

(b) Authorized persons

A person described in this subsection is any of the following:

(1) An employee of the clerk of any Federal court.

(2) An employee of the clerk of any State court of record.

(3) A postal employee at a United States post office that has been selected to accept passport applications.

(4) An employee of the Department of Defense at a military installation that has been authorized to accept passport applications.

(5) An employee of a Federal department or agency that has been selected to accept passport applications.

(6) A United States citizen who, as determined by the Secretary, is employed by and provides services through a reputable, established company or institution and is commissioned or appointed as a notary or notary public or otherwise authorized to perform a notarization under the laws of a State, district, or territorial government.

(7) Any other person specifically designated by the Secretary.

(c) Regulations

The Secretary shall prescribe or revise such regulations as may be necessary to carry out this division.

(Pub. L. 118–31, div. F, title LXI, §6109, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 967; Pub. L. 118–159, div. G, title LXXV, §7507(a), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2547.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This division, referred to in subsec. (c), is div. F of Pub. L. 118–31, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 963, known as the Department of State Authorization Act of 2023. For complete classification of div. F to the Code, see Tables.

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (b)(6), (7). Pub. L. 118–159 added par. (6) and redesignated former par. (6) as (7).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition

For definition of "Secretary" as used in this section, see section 6002 of Pub. L. 118–31, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 262b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Section 262b: Commitments for United States contributions to international organizations; limitations; consultation with Congressional committees
Commitments for United States contributions to international organizations; limitations; consultation with Congressional committees
Status: in_force

No representative of the United States Government in any international organization hereafter shall make any commitment requiring the appropriation of funds for a contribution by the United States in excess of 331/3 per centum of the budget of any international organization for which the appropriation for the United States contribution is contained in this Act: Provided, That in exceptional circumstances necessitating a contribution by the United States in excess of 331/3 per centum of the budget, a commitment requiring a United States appropriation of a larger proportion may be made after consultation by United States representatives in the organization or other appropriate officials of the Department of State with the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives: Provided, however, That this section shall not apply to the United States representatives to the Inter-American organizations, Caribbean Commission and the Joint Support program of the International Civil Aviation Organization.

(Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 533, title VI, §602, 65 Stat. 599; Aug. 5, 1953, ch. 328, title I, 67 Stat. 368.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is act Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 533, title VI, 65 Stat. 599, popularly known as the Departments of State, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary Appropriation Act of 1952. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

Section is comprised of first paragraph of section 602 of act Oct. 22, 1951. Second par. of such section 602 contained a fiscal year provision.

Amendments

1953—Act Aug. 5, 1953, inserted proviso that this section is not to apply to the United States representatives to the Caribbean Commission and the Joint Support program of the International Civil Aviation Organization.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Similar Provisions

Provisions similar to this section were contained in act July 10, 1952, ch. 651, title I, 66 Stat. 550.
22 U.S.C. § 2802 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 40: INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITIONS / Section 2802: Federal recognition
Federal recognition
Status: in_force

(a) Eligibility requirements

Any international exposition proposed to be held in the United States shall be eligible on application from its sponsors to receive the recognition of the Federal Government upon a finding of the President that recognition will be in the national interest. In making such a finding the President shall consider—

(1) a report by the Secretary of Commerce which shall include (A) an evaluation of purposes and reasons for the exposition, and (B) a determination that guaranteed financial and other support has been secured by the exposition from affected State and local governments and from business and civic leadership of the region and others in amounts sufficient in his judgment to assure the successful development and progress of the exposition;

(2) a report by the Secretary of State that the proposed exposition qualifies for consideration of registration by the Bureau of International Expositions (hereafter referred to as BIE); and

(3) such other evidence as the President may consider to be appropriate.

(b) Recognition and registration procedure; compliance with international convention; participation by States and foreign governments

Upon a finding by the President that an international exposition is eligible for Federal recognition, the President may take such measures recognizing the exposition as he deems proper, including, but not limited to—

(1) presenting of an official request by the United States for registration of the exposition by the BIE;

(2) providing for fulfillment of the requirements of the Convention of November 22, 1928, as amended, relating to international expositions; and

(3) extending invitations, by proclamation or by such other manner he deems proper, to the several States of the Union and to foreign governments to take part in the exposition, provided that he shall not extend such an invitation until he has been notified officially of BIE registration for the exposition.

(c) Report to Congress

The President shall report his actions under this section promptly to the Congress.

(Pub. L. 91–269, §2, May 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 271.)
22 U.S.C. § 4139 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter XI: GRIEVANCES / Section 4139: Relationship to other remedies
Relationship to other remedies
Status: in_force

(a)(1) A grievant may not file a grievance with the Board if the grievant has formally requested, prior to filing a grievance, that the matter or matters which are the basis of the grievance be considered or resolved and relief be provided under another provision of law, regulation, or Executive order, other than under section 1214 or 1221 of title 5, and the matter has been carried to final decision under such provision on its merits or is still under consideration.

(2) If a grievant is not prohibited from filing a grievance under paragraph (1), the grievant may file with the Board a grievance which is also eligible for consideration, resolution, and relief under chapter 12 of title 5 or a regulation or Executive order other than under this subchapter. An election of remedies under this subsection shall be final upon the acceptance of jurisdiction by the Board.

(3) This subsection shall not apply to any grievance with respect to which subsection (b) applies.

(b)(1) With respect to a grievance based on an alleged violation of a law, rule, regulation, or policy directive referred to in section 4131(a)(1)(H) of this title, a grievant may either—

(A) file a grievance under this subchapter, or

(B) initiate in writing a proceeding under another provision of law, regulation, or Executive order that authorizes relief,

but not both.

(2) A grievant shall be considered to have exercised the option under paragraph (1) as soon as the grievant timely either—

(A) files a grievance under this subchapter, or

(B) initiates in writing a proceeding under such other provision of law, regulation, or Executive order.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §1109, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2148; Pub. L. 101–12, §9(a)(3), Apr. 10, 1989, 103 Stat. 35; Pub. L. 102–138, title I, §153(d)(1), Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 673.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1991—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–138, §153(d)(1)(A), (B), redesignated former subsec. (a) as par. (1), redesignated former subsec. (b) as par. (2) of subsec. (a) and substituted "paragraph (1)" for "subsection (a) of this section" and "under this subsection" for "under this section", and added par. (3).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–138, §153(d)(1)(C), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (a)(2).

1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–12 substituted "1214 or 1221" for "1206".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–138 not applicable with respect to any grievance, within the meaning of section 4131 of this title, arising before Oct. 28, 1991, see section 153(f) of Pub. L. 102–138, set out as a note under section 4115 of this title.

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–12 effective 90 days following Apr. 10, 1989, see section 11 of Pub. L. 101–12, set out as a note under section 1201 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 1644i (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 21: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS / Subchapter VI: CLAIMS AGAINST GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC / Section 1644i: Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission
Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission
Status: in_force

The Commission shall complete its affairs in connection with the settlement of claims pursuant to this subchapter not later than three years following the final date for the filing of claims as provided in section 1644b of this title.

(Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VI, §609, as added Pub. L. 94–542, Oct. 18, 1976, 90 Stat. 2512.)
22 U.S.C. § 2655a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2655a: Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs within Department of State; Assistant Secretary of State as head of Bureau
Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs within Department of State; Assistant Secretary of State as head of Bureau
Status: in_force

There is established within the Department of State a Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs. There shall be an Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall be the head of the Bureau and who shall have responsibility for matters relating to oceans, environmental, scientific, fisheries, wildlife, and conservation affairs and for such other related duties as the Secretary may from time to time designate.

(Pub. L. 93–126, §9(a), formerly §9, Oct. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 453, renumbered Pub. L. 93–312, §9, June 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 238; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, §162(q)(1), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 410; Pub. L. 103–415, §1(f)(4)(B), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4300.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–236, as amended by Pub. L. 103–415, substituted "There shall" for "In addition to the positions provided under section 2652 of this title, there shall" and inserted before period at end "and for such other related duties as the Secretary may from time to time designate".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–236 applicable with respect to officials, offices, and bureaus of Department of State when executive orders, regulations, or departmental directives implementing the amendments by sections 161 and 162 of Pub. L. 103–236 become effective, or 90 days after Apr. 30, 1994, whichever comes earlier, see section 161(b) of Pub. L. 103–236, as amended, set out as a note under section 2651a of this title.

Authority of Secretary of State

Except as otherwise provided, Secretary of State to have and exercise any authority vested by law in any official or office of Department of State and references to such officials or offices deemed to refer to Secretary of State or Department of State, as appropriate, see section 2651a of this title and section 161(d) of Pub. L. 103–236, set out as a note under section 2651a of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1766a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 24: MUTUAL SECURITY PROGRAM / Subchapter I: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 1766a: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-195, pt. III, §642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460
Status: repealed

Section 1766a, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, §515, as added July 18, 1956, ch. 627, §9(e), 70 Stat. 560, related to authorization for grant of contract authority. See section 2365 of this title.

Section 1766b, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, §516, as added June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. IV, §401(d), 72 Stat. 269, prohibited use of funds for debt retirement.

Section 1766c, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, §517, as added June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. IV, §401(d), 72 Stat. 269; amended July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. IV, §401(e), 73 Stat. 253; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. IV, §401(e), 74 Stat. 139, related to completion of plans and cost estimates, and to computation of benefits and costs. See section 2361 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2457 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 33: MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAM / Section 2457: Reports by Board
Reports by Board
Status: in_force

The Board shall submit annual reports to the Congress and such other reports to the Congress as it deems appropriate, and shall make reports to the public in the United States and abroad to develop a better understanding of and support for the programs authorized by this chapter.

(Pub. L. 87–256, §107, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 534; 1977 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §9(a)(3), (6), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1639.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–256, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 527, known as the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2451 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Provisions relating to the submission of reports to Congress by the United States Advisory Commission on International Educational and Cultural Affairs [which replaced the United States Advisory Commission on Educational Exchange], and the Advisory Committee on the Arts, were omitted pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1977, §9(a)(3), (6), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1639, set out under section 1461 of this title, which abolished the Commission and the Committee effective on or before July 1, 1978, at such time as specified by the President.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Reporting Requirements

For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions in this section relating to submitting annual reports to Congress, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and page 155 of House Document No. 103–7.

Termination of Advisory Commissions and Committees

Advisory commissions or committees in existence on Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following Jan. 5, 1973, unless, in the case of a commission or committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such commission or committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a commission or committee established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. See sections 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 2321c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES / Section 2321c: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of sections 2321b and 2314a 1 of this title—

(1) "defense article" and "excess defense articles" have the same meanings as given them in subsections (d) and (g), respectively, of section 2403 of this title; and

(2) "foreign country" includes any department, agency, or independent establishment of the foreign country.

(Pub. L. 91–672, §11, Jan. 12, 1971, 84 Stat. 2055.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 2314a, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 93–189, §26(4), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 731.

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 287o (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVII: UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION / Section 287o: National Commission on Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Cooperation; membership; meetings; expenses
National Commission on Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Cooperation; membership; meetings; expenses
Status: in_force

In fulfillment of article VII of the constitution of the Organization, the Secretary of State shall cause to be organized a National Commission on Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Corporation 1 of not to exceed one hundred members. Such Commission shall be appointed by the Secretary of State and shall consist of (a) not more than sixty representatives of principal national, voluntary organizations interested in educational, scientific, and cultural matters; and (b) not more than forty outstanding persons selected by the Secretary of State, including not more than ten persons holding office under or employed by the Government of the United States, not more than fifteen representatives of the educational, scientific, and cultural interests of State and local governments, and not more than fifteen persons chosen at large. The Secretary of State is authorized to name in the first instance fifty of the principal national voluntary organizations, each of which shall be invited to designate one representative for appointment to the National Commission. Thereafter, the National Commission shall periodically review and, if deemed advisable, revise the list of such organizations designating representatives in order to achieve a desirable rotation among organizations represented. To constitute the initial Commission, one-third of the members shall be appointed to serve for a term of one year, one-third for a term of two years, and one-third or the remainder thereof for a term of three years; from thence on following, all members shall be appointed for a term of three years each, but no member shall serve more than two consecutive terms. The National Commission shall meet at least once annually. The National Commission shall designate from among its members an executive committee, and may designate such other committees as may prove necessary, to consult with the Department of State and to perform such other functions as the National Commission shall delegate to them. No member of the National Commission shall be allowed any salary or other compensation for services: Provided, however, That he may be paid transportation and other expenses as authorized by section 5703 of title 5. The Department of State is authorized to provide the necessary secretariat for the Commission.

(July 30, 1946, ch. 700, §3, 60 Stat. 713; Pub. L. 87–139, §9, Aug. 14, 1961, 75 Stat. 341.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Article VII of the constitution of the Organization, referred to in text, is article VII of the Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, which is set out as a note under section 287m of this title.

Codification

"Section 5703 of title 5" substituted in text for "section 5 of the Administrative Expenses Act of 1946, as amended (5 U.S.C. 73b–2)" on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, §7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Amendments

1961—Pub. L. 87–139 substituted provisions for payment of transportation and other expenses as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, for provisions authorizing payment of actual transportation expenses plus a $10 maximum per diem.

1 So in original. Probably should be "Cooperation".
22 U.S.C. § 2430e (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2430e: Interest on new obligations
Interest on new obligations
Status: in_force

(a) Rate of interest

New obligations issued by a beneficiary country pursuant to section 2430c(b) of this title shall bear interest at a concessional rate.

(b) Currency of payment; deposits

(1) Local currency

If the beneficiary country has entered into an Americas Framework Agreement, interest shall be paid in the local currency of the beneficiary country and deposited in an Americas Fund. Such interest shall be the property of the beneficiary country, until such time as it is disbursed pursuant to section 2430f(d) of this title. Such local currencies shall be used for the purposes specified in the Americas Framework Agreement.

(2) United States dollars

If the beneficiary country has not entered into an Americas Framework Agreement, interest shall be paid in United States dollars and deposited in the United States Government account established for interest payments of the obligations for which the new obligations were exchanged.

(c) Interest already paid

If a beneficiary country enters into an Americas Framework Agreement subsequent to the date on which interest first became due on the newly issued obligation, any interest already paid on such new obligation shall not be redeposited into the Americas Fund established for that country.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. IV, §706, as added Pub. L. 102–549, title VI, §602(a), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3666.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 706 of Pub. L. 87–195, pt. IV, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 463, enacted section 1945 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 87–565, pt. IV, §401, Aug. 1, 1962, 76 Stat. 263, except insofar as section 706 affected section 1945.
22 U.S.C. § 9524 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 102: COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN EUROPE AND EURASIA / Subchapter I: SANCTIONS AND OTHER MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION / Section 9524: Imposition of sanctions with respect to activities of the Russian Federation undermining cybersecurity
Imposition of sanctions with respect to activities of the Russian Federation undermining cybersecurity
Status: in_force

(a) In general

On and after the date that is 60 days after August 2, 2017, the President shall—

(1) impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any person that the President determines—

(A) knowingly engages in significant activities undermining cybersecurity against any person, including a democratic institution, or government on behalf of the Government of the Russian Federation; or

(B) is owned or controlled by, or acts or purports to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, a person described in subparagraph (A);

(2) impose five or more of the sanctions described in section 9529 of this title with respect to any person that the President determines knowingly materially assists, sponsors, or provides financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services (except financial services) in support of, an activity described in paragraph (1)(A); and

(3) impose three or more of the sanctions described in section 8923(c) of this title with respect to any person that the President determines knowingly provides financial services in support of an activity described in paragraph (1)(A).

(b) Sanctions described

The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:

(1) Asset blocking

The exercise of all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of a person determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a)(1) if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.

(2) Exclusion from the United States and revocation of visa or other documentation

In the case of an alien determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a)(1), denial of a visa to, and exclusion from the United States of, the alien, and revocation in accordance with section 1201(i) of title 8, of any visa or other documentation of the alien.

(c) Application of new cyber sanctions

The President may waive the initial application under subsection (a) of sanctions with respect to a person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—

(1) a written determination that the waiver—

(A) is in the vital national security interests of the United States; or

(B) will further the enforcement of this chapter; and

(2) a certification that the Government of the Russian Federation has made significant efforts to reduce the number and intensity of cyber intrusions conducted by that Government.

(d) Significant activities undermining cybersecurity defined

In this section, the term "significant activities undermining cybersecurity" includes—

(1) significant efforts—

(A) to deny access to or degrade, disrupt, or destroy an information and communications technology system or network; or

(B) to exfiltrate, degrade, corrupt, destroy, or release information from such a system or network without authorization for purposes of—

(i) conducting influence operations; or

(ii) causing a significant misappropriation of funds, economic resources, trade secrets, personal identifications, or financial information for commercial or competitive advantage or private financial gain;

(2) significant destructive malware attacks; and

(3) significant denial of service activities.

(Pub. L. 115–44, title II, §224, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 908.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), was in the original "this title", meaning title II of Pub. L. 115–44, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 898, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see section 201 of Pub. L. 115–44, set out as a Short Title note under section 9501 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2754 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 39: ARMS EXPORT CONTROL / Subchapter I: FOREIGN AND NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY OBJECTIVES AND RESTRAINTS / Section 2754: Purposes for which military sales or leases by the United States are authorized; report to Congress
Purposes for which military sales or leases by the United States are authorized; report to Congress
Status: in_force

Defense articles and defense services shall be sold or leased by the United States Government under this chapter to friendly countries solely for internal security, for legitimate self-defense, for preventing or hindering the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and of the means of delivering such weapons, to permit the recipient country to participate in regional or collective arrangements or measures consistent with the Charter of the United Nations, or otherwise to permit the recipient country to participate in collective measures requested by the United Nations for the purpose of maintaining or restoring international peace and security, or for the purpose of enabling foreign military forces in less developed friendly countries to construct public works and to engage in other activities helpful to the economic and social development of such friendly countries. It is the sense of the Congress that such foreign military forces should not be maintained or established solely for civic action activities and that such civic action activities not significantly detract from the capability of the military forces to perform their military missions and be coordinated with and form part of the total economic and social development effort: Provided, That none of the funds contained in this authorization shall be used to guarantee, or extend credit, or participate in an extension of credit in connection with any sale of sophisticated weapons systems, such as missile systems and jet aircraft for military purposes, to any underdeveloped country other than Greece, Turkey, Iran, Israel, the Republic of China, the Philippines and Korea unless the President determines that such financing is important to the national security of the United States and reports within thirty days each such determination to the Congress.

(Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 1, §4, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1322; Pub. L. 97–113, title I, §109(b)(3), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1526; Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XII, §1202(a), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1427.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1321, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2002—Pub. L. 107–228 inserted "for preventing or hindering the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and of the means of delivering such weapons," after "legitimate self-defense," in first sentence.

1981—Pub. L. 97–113 substituted "sold or leased" for "sold" in first sentence.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective July 1, 1968, see section 41 of Pub. L. 90–629, set out as a note under section 2751 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9672 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 103: BETTER UTILIZATION OF INVESTMENTS LEADING TO DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter V: CONDITIONS, RESTRICTIONS, AND PROHIBITIONS / Section 9672: Additionality and avoidance of market distortion
Additionality and avoidance of market distortion
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Before the Corporation provides support for a project under subchapter II of this chapter, the Corporation shall ensure that private sector entities are afforded an opportunity to support the project.

(b) Safeguards, policies, and guidelines

The Corporation shall develop appropriate safeguards, policies, and guidelines to ensure that support provided by the Corporation under subchapter II of this chapter—

(1) supplements and encourages, but does not compete with, private sector support;

(2) operates according to internationally recognized best practices and standards with respect to ensuring the avoidance of market distorting government subsidies and the crowding out of private sector lending; and

(3) does not have a significant adverse impact on United States employment.

(Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title V, §1452, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3509.)
22 U.S.C. § 2595c (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 35: ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT / Subchapter V: ON-SITE INSPECTION ACTIVITIES / Section 2595c: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter—

(1) the term "INF Treaty" means the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (signed at Washington, December 8, 1987);

(2) the term "OSIA" means the On-Site Inspection Agency established by the President, or such other agency as may be designated by the President to carry out the on-site inspection provisions of the INF Treaty;

(3) the term "Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty" means the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Underground Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes (signed at Washington and Moscow, May 28, 1976); and

(4) the term "Threshold Test Ban Treaty" means the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapons Tests (signed at Moscow, July 3, 1974).

(Pub. L. 87–297, title V, §504, formerly §64, as added Pub. L. 101–216, title II, §201, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1856; renumbered §65 and amended Pub. L. 102–228, title IV, §402(a)(2), (b)(1), Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1699; renumbered §504 and amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XII, §1223(20), (21), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–772.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Par. (1). Pub. L. 105–277, §1223(20), inserted "of America" after "United States".

1991—Pars. (3), (4). Pub. L. 102–228, §402(a)(2), added pars. (3) and (4).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Apr. 1, 1999, see section 1201 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6511 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9903 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 106: CHAMPIONING AMERICAN BUSINESS THROUGH DIPLOMACY / Section 9903: Consolidated report on unified investment climate statement and country commercial guide
Consolidated report on unified investment climate statement and country commercial guide
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce shall jointly produce and make publicly available on a United States Government internet website an annual country- and region-specific report regarding commercial relations with foreign countries and regions and safeguarding United States economic and business interests abroad, including with regard to United States exports and investments, including by small- and medium-size enterprises.

(b) Matters to be included

Each report required under subsection (a) shall include the following with respect to each country or region covered by each such report:

(1) Information about doing business in each country or region.

(2) Background information about each country's or region's political environment.

(3) Information about selling United States products and services in each country or region.

(4) Leading sectors for United States exports and investment in each country or region.

(5) Information about trade regulations, customs, and standards in each country or region, such as—

(A) information on import tariffs; and

(B) documentation about which United States businesses should be aware when exporting, including any prohibited items or temporary entry procedures.

(6) Investment climate statements describing each country's or region's openness to foreign investments, such as information relating to each country's or region's—

(A) investment policies;

(B) market barriers;

(C) business risks;

(D) legal and regulatory system, including dispute resolution;

(E) level of public and private sector corruption;

(F) level of political violence and instability;

(G) adherence to internationally recognized core labor standards; and

(H) protection of property rights.

(7) Information about trade and project financing in each country or region, such as each country's or region's—

(A) banking and financial system, and how United States businesses typically get paid;

(B) foreign exchange controls; and

(C) important sources of funding for project financing.

(8) Relevant business travel information and business customs in each country or region.

(9) Information about services and personnel of the diplomatic mission of the United States available to United States businesses to support their activities in each country or region.

(10) Any significant trade or commercial agreement that exists between the United States and each country or region.

(11) A point of contact at the diplomatic or consular mission of the United States in each country or region for United States businesses.

(c) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section may be construed to require the duplication of existing reports.

(Pub. L. 116–94, div. J, title VII, §707, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3071.)
22 U.S.C. § 2841 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 42: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY / Section 2841: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections 2841 to 2847, 2848, and 2849 expired Sept. 30, 1977, pursuant to section 2848 of this title.

Section 2841, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §202, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 646, related to congressional statement of purpose.

Section 2842, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §203, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 646, related to congressional findings and policy and the establishment and functions of the Council on International Economic Policy.

Section 2843, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §204, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 647, related to creation of Council on International Economic Policy in Executive Office of the President.

Section 2844, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §205, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 647; Pub. L. 93–121, §1, Oct. 4, 1973, 87 Stat. 447, related to membership of Council and designation of a chairman by President.

Section 2845, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §206, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 647, related to duties of Council.

Section 2846, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §207, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 648; Pub. L. 93–121, §4, Oct. 4, 1973, 87 Stat. 448, related to submittal to Congress and scope of International Economic Report and other supplementary reports.

Section 2847, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §208, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 649; Pub. L. 94–87, §1, Aug. 9, 1975, 89 Stat. 432, related to appointment and compensation of an Executive Director and staff personnel, procurement of temporary and intermittent services, and detail of agency personnel to Council.

Section 2847a, Pub. L. 93–121, §5, Oct. 4, 1973, 87 Stat. 448, related to appointment of an Executive Director under section 2847 of this title.

Section 2848, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §209, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 649; Pub. L. 93–121, §2, Oct. 4, 1973, 87 Stat. 447; Pub. L. 94–87, §2, Aug. 9, 1975, 89 Stat. 432, provided for expiration of this chapter on Sept. 30, 1977.

Section 2849, Pub. L. 92–412, title II, §210, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 649; Pub. L. 93–121, §3, Oct. 4, 1973, 87 Stat. 448; Pub. L. 93–315, June 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 239; Pub. L. 94–87, §3, Aug. 9, 1975, 89 Stat. 432, related to authorization of appropriations.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 94–412, title II, §201, Aug. 29, 1972, 86 Stat. 646, provided that this chapter be cited as the International Economic Policy Act of 1972.

Discriminatory Trade Practices Affecting United States Foreign Relations; Report to Congress

Pub. L. 95–426, title VI, §606, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 987, provided that since those provisions of United States statutes which authorize or require suspension of or discrimination with respect to all trade between the United States and a particular foreign country and which effect, directly and significantly, the conduct of United States foreign relations should be periodically reevaluated by the President and Congress, and required the President, not later than Jan. 20, 1977, to transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations and the chairmen of other appropriate committees of the Senate, a report which identifies all statutory provisions which provide for such discriminatory trade practices, evaluates each such practice, and recommends, in the form of draft legislation, amendments to those provisions the President certifies would in his judgment advance United States foreign policy interest.

Executive Documents

Executive Order No. 11789

Ex. Ord. No. 11789, June 25, 1974, 39 F.R. 23183, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 11808, Sept. 30, 1974, 39 F.R. 35563, which established the President's Committee on East-West Trade Policy, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 11846, Mar. 27, 1975, 40 F.R. 14291, set out as a note under section 2111 of Title 19, Customs Duties.

Executive Order No. 11808

Ex. Ord. No. 11808, Sept. 30, 1974, 39 F.R. 35563, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 11865, June 16, 1975, 40 F.R. 25663, Ex. Ord. No. 11903, Feb. 2, 1976, 41 F.R. 4879, which established the President's Economic Policy Board, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 11975, Mar. 7, 1977, 42 F.R. 13267, formerly set out under this section.
22 U.S.C. § 5713 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 66: UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY / Subchapter I: POLICY / Section 5713: Commerce between United States and Hong Kong
Commerce between United States and Hong Kong
Status: in_force

It is the sense of the Congress that the following, which are based in part on the relevant provisions of the Joint Declaration, are and should continue after June 30, 1997, to be the policy of the United States with respect to commerce between the United States and Hong Kong:

(1) The United States should seek to maintain and expand economic and trade relations with Hong Kong and should continue to treat Hong Kong as a separate territory in economic and trade matters, such as import quotas and certificates of origin.

(2) The United States should continue to negotiate directly with Hong Kong to conclude bilateral economic agreements.

(3) The United States should continue to treat Hong Kong as a territory which is fully autonomous from the United Kingdom and, after June 30, 1997, should treat Hong Kong as a territory which is fully autonomous from the People's Republic of China with respect to economic and trade matters.

(4) The United States should continue to grant the products of Hong Kong nondiscriminatory trade treatment by virtue of Hong Kong's membership in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

(5) The United States should recognize certificates of origin for manufactured goods issued by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

(6) The United States should continue to allow the United States dollar to be freely exchanged with the Hong Kong dollar.

(7) United States businesses should be encouraged to continue to operate in Hong Kong, in accordance with applicable United States and Hong Kong law.

(8) The United States should continue to support access by Hong Kong to sensitive technologies controlled under the agreement of the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls (commonly referred to as "COCOM") for so long as the United States is satisfied that such technologies are protected from improper use or export.

(9) The United States should encourage Hong Kong to continue its efforts to develop a framework which provides adequate protection for intellectual property rights.

(10) The United States should negotiate a bilateral investment treaty directly with Hong Kong, in consultation with the Government of the People's Republic of China.

(11) The change in the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong should not affect ownership in any property, tangible or intangible, held in the United States by any Hong Kong person.

(Pub. L. 102–383, title I, §103, Oct. 5, 1992, 106 Stat. 1450; Pub. L. 105–206, title V, §5003(b)(7), July 22, 1998, 112 Stat. 790.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Par. (4). Pub. L. 105–206 struck out "(commonly referred to as 'most-favored-nation status')" after "nondiscriminatory trade treatment".
22 U.S.C. § 6447 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 73: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM / Subchapter III: PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS / Section 6447: Presidential waiver
Presidential waiver
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Subject to subsection (c), the President may waive, for a single, 180-day period, the application of any of the actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to a country, if the President determines and so reports to the appropriate congressional committees that—

(1) the exercise of such waiver authority would further the purposes of this chapter; or

(2) the important national interest of the United States requires the exercise of such waiver authority.

(b) Additional authority

Subject to subsection (c), the President may waive, for any additional specified period of time after the 180-day period described in subsection (a), the application of any of the actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or a commensurate substitute action) with respect to a country, if the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that—

(1) the respective foreign government has ceased the violations giving rise to the Presidential action; or

(2) the important national interest of the United States requires the exercise of such waiver authority.

(c) Congressional notification

Not later than the date of the exercise of a waiver under subsection (a) or (b), the President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees of the waiver or the intention to exercise the waiver, together with a detailed justification thereof.

(d) Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that—

(1) ongoing and persistent waivers of the application of any of the actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 6445(a) of this title (or commensurate substitute action) with respect to a country do not fulfill the purposes of this chapter; and

(2) because the promotion of religious freedom is an important interest of United States foreign policy, the President, the Secretary of State, and other executive branch officials, in consultation with Congress, should seek to find ways to address existing violations, on a case-by-case basis, through the actions described in section 6445 of this title or other commensurate substitute action.

(Pub. L. 105–292, title IV, §407, Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2808; Pub. L. 114–281, title III, §304, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1435.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (d)(1), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 105–292, Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2787, known as the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6401 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2016—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–281, §304(1)(A), (B), in introductory provisions, substituted "subsection (c)" for "subsection (b)" and inserted ", for a single, 180-day period," after "may waive".

Subsec. (a)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 114–281, §304(1)(C), (D), redesignated pars. (2) and (3) as (1) and (2), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: "the respective foreign government has ceased the violations giving rise to the Presidential action;".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–281, §304(3), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–281, §304(2), (4), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c) and inserted "or (b)" after "subsection (a)".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–281, §304(5), added subsec. (d).
22 U.S.C. § 287i (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XVI: UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION / Section 287i: Deduction of principal and interest from annual payment of assessed share of United States of budget
Deduction of principal and interest from annual payment of assessed share of United States of budget
Status: in_force

There shall be deducted from the annual payment of the assessed share of the United States of the budget of the United Nations an amount equal to the corresponding annual installment of principal and interest due to the United States on account of the loan made pursuant to section 287g of this title.

(Pub. L. 87–731, §3, Oct. 2, 1962, 76 Stat. 696.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of act Dec. 20, 1945, ch. 583, 59 Stat. 619, known as the United Nations Participation Act of 1945, which comprises this subchapter.
22 U.S.C. § 3007 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 45: COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE / Section 3007: Appropriations for Commission
Appropriations for Commission
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization; disbursements

(1) There are authorized to be appropriated to the Commission for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to enable it to carry out its duties and functions. Appropriations to the Commission are authorized to remain available until expended.

(2) Appropriations to the Commission shall be disbursed on vouchers approved—

(A) jointly by the Chairman and the Cochairman, or

(B) by a majority of the members of the personnel and administration committee established pursuant to section 3008(a) of this title.

(b) Use of foreign currencies

For purposes of section 1754(b) of this title, the Commission shall be deemed to be a standing committee of the Congress and shall be entitled to use funds in accordance with such sections.

(c) Official reception and representational expenses

Not to exceed $6,000 of the funds appropriated to the Commission for each fiscal year may be used for official reception and representational expenses.

(d) Foreign travel for official purposes

Foreign travel for official purposes by Commission members and staff may be authorized by either the Chairman or the Cochairman.

(Pub. L. 94–304, §7, June 3, 1976, 90 Stat. 662; Pub. L. 94–534, Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2495; Pub. L. 95–426, title VII, §702, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 992; Pub. L. 96–60, title IV, §401, Aug. 15, 1979, 93 Stat. 403; Pub. L. 99–7, §§3, 4, Mar. 27, 1985, 99 Stat. 19.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–7, §3, amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: "There is authorized to be appropriated to the Commission for each fiscal year and to remain available until expended $550,000 to assist in meeting the expenses of the Commission for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this chapter, such appropriation to be disbursed on voucher to be approved by the Chairman of the Commission."

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–7, §4, added subsec. (d).

1979—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–60 added subsec. (c).

1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–426 substituted "$550,000" for "$350,000".

1976—Pub. L. 94–534 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–7 effective Apr. 15, 1985, see section 6(a) of Pub. L. 99–7, set out as a note under section 3002 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 284j (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XIII: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION / Section 284j: Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions
Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions
Status: in_force

The President shall instruct the United States Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association to vote against any loan or other utilization of the funds of the Bank and the Association for the benefit of any country which has—

(1) nationalized or expropriated or seized ownership or control of property owned by any United States citizen or by any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50 per centum of which is beneficially owned by the United States citizens;

(2) taken steps to repudiate or nullify existing contracts or agreements with any United States citizen or any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50 per centum of which is beneficially owned by United States citizens; or

(3) imposed or enforced discriminatory taxes or other exactions, or restrictive maintenance or operational conditions, or has taken other actions, which have the effect of nationalizing, expropriating, or otherwise seizing ownership or control of property so owned;

unless the President determines that (A) an arrangement for prompt, adequate, and effective compensation has been made, (B) the parties have submitted the dispute to arbitration under the rules of the Convention for the Settlement of Investment Disputes, or (C) good faith negotiations are in progress aimed at providing prompt, adequate, and effective compensation under the applicable principles of international law.

(Pub. L. 86–565, §12, as added Pub. L. 92–247, §1, Mar. 10, 1972, 86 Stat. 60.)
22 U.S.C. § 4026 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VII: CAREER DEVELOPMENT, TRAINING, AND ORIENTATION / Section 4026: Career counseling
Career counseling
Status: in_force

(a) Facilitation of transition from Service

In order to facilitate their transition from the Service, the Secretary may provide (by contract or otherwise, subject to the availability of appropriations) professional career counseling, advice, and placement assistance to members of the Service, and to former members of the Service who were assigned to receive counseling and assistance under this subsection before they were separated from the Service, other than those separated for cause. Career counseling and related services provided pursuant to this chapter shall not be construed to permit an assignment that consists primarily of paid time to conduct a job search and without other substantive duties for more than one month.

(b) Facilitation of employment of spouses of members; establishment of family liaison office

(1) The Secretary shall implement such measures as the Secretary considers necessary to facilitate the employment of spouses and members of the Service. The measures may include—

(A) providing regular career counseling for such spouses;

(B) maintaining a centralized system for cataloging their skills and the various governmental and nongovernmental employment opportunities available to them; and

(D) 1 otherwise assisting them in obtaining employment.

(2) The Secretary may prescribe regulations—

(A) to provide preference to eligible family members in hiring for any civilian position in the Department, notwithstanding the prohibition on marital discrimination found in 5 U.S.C. 2302(b)(1)(E), if—

(i) the eligible family member is among persons determined to be best qualified for the position; and

(ii) the position is located in the overseas country of assignment of their sponsoring employee;

(B) to ensure that notice of any vacant position in the Department is provided in a manner reasonably designed to reach eligible family members of sponsoring employees whose permanent duty stations are in the same country as that in which the position is located; and

(C) to ensure that an eligible family member who applies for a vacant position in the Department shall, to the extent practicable, be considered for any such position located in the same country as the permanent duty station of their sponsoring employee.

(3) Nothing in this section may be construed to provide an eligible family member with entitlement or preference in hiring over an individual who is preference eligible.

(4) Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, a chief of mission may, consistent with all applicable laws and regulations pertaining to the ICASS system, make available to an eligible family member and a non-Department entity space in an embassy or consulate for the purpose of the non-Department entity providing employment-related training for eligible family members.

(5) The Secretary may work with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies to expand and facilitate the use of existing Federal programs and resources in support of eligible family member employment.

(6) The Secretary shall establish a family liaison office to carry out this subsection and such other functions as the Secretary may determine.

(7) In this subsection, the term "eligible family member" refers to family members of government employees assigned abroad or hired for service at their post of residence who are appointed by the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development pursuant to sections 3902, 3922, 3943, and 3951 of this title.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title I, §706, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2101; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXIII, §2314(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–827; Pub. L. 117–81, div. F, title LXII, §6203, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2389.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(1)(A), which directed substitution of "The Secretary shall implement such measures as the Secretary considers necessary to facilitate the employment of spouses and members of the Service. The measures may include—" for "The Secretary may facilitate the employment of spouses of members of the Foreign Service by—" in introductory provisions, was executed by making the substitution for "The Secretary may facilitate the employment of spouses of members of the Service by—", to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(1)(C), which directed amendment of subpar. (C) to read as follows: "establishing a program for assisting eligible family members in accessing employment and education opportunities, as appropriate, including by exercising the authorities, in relevant part, under sections 1784 and 1784a of title 10 and subject to such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe modeled after those prescribed pursuant to subsection (b) of such section 1784;", could not be executed because of the prior redesignation of subpar. (C) as (D) by Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(1)(B). See below.

Subsec. (b)(1)(D). Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(1)(B), redesignated subpar. (C) as (D).

Subsec. (b)(2) to (5). Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(3), added pars. (2) to (5). Former par. (2) redesignated (6).

Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(2), redesignated par. (2) as (6).

Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 117–81, §6203(4), added par. (7).

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–277 inserted at end "Career counseling and related services provided pursuant to this chapter shall not be construed to permit an assignment that consists primarily of paid time to conduct a job search and without other substantive duties for more than one month."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXIII, §2314(b), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–828, provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall be effective 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 21, 1998]."

Authority of Secretary of State

Except as otherwise provided, Secretary of State to have and exercise any authority vested by law in any official or office of Department of State and references to such officials or offices deemed to refer to Secretary of State or Department of State, as appropriate, see section 2651a of this title and section 161(d) of Pub. L. 103–236, set out as a note under section 2651a of this title.

1 So in original. There is no subpar. (C).
22 U.S.C. § 1461b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 18: UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS / Subchapter V: DISSEMINATION ABROAD OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE UNITED STATES / Section 1461b: Indemnification of owners of short-wave radio facilities against loss or damage
Indemnification of owners of short-wave radio facilities against loss or damage
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 1341, 1342, 1349 to 1351 and subchapter II of chapter 15 of title 31, the United States Information Agency is authorized, in making contracts for the use of international shortwave radio stations and facilities, to agree on behalf of the United States to indemnify the owners and operators of said radio stations and facilities from such funds as may be hereafter appropriated for the purpose against loss or damage on account of injury to persons or property arising from such use of said radio stations and facilities.

(Pub. L. 95–431, title V, §501, Oct. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 1041; Pub. L. 97–241, title III, §303(b), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 291.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

"Sections 1341, 1342, and 1349 to 1351 and subchapter II of chapter 15 of title 31" substituted in text for "section 3679 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. 665)" on authority of Pub. L. 97–258, §4(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

Section was enacted as part of appropriation act, cited as the credit to this section, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:

Aug. 2, 1977, Pub. L. 95–86, title V, 91 Stat. 441.

July 14, 1976, Pub. L. 94–362, title V, 90 Stat. 960.

Oct. 21, 1975, Pub. L. 94–121, title V, 89 Stat. 639.

Oct. 5, 1974, Pub. L. 93–433, title V, 88 Stat. 1207.

Nov. 27, 1973, Pub. L. 93–162, title V, 87 Stat. 657.

Oct. 25, 1972, Pub. L. 92–544, title V, 86 Stat. 1132.

Aug. 10, 1971, Pub. L. 92–77, title V, 85 Stat. 269.

Oct. 21, 1970, Pub. L. 91–472, title V, 84 Stat. 1062.

Dec. 24, 1969, Pub. L. 91–153, title V, 83 Stat. 425.

Aug. 9, 1968, Pub. L. 90–470, title V, 82 Stat. 690.

Nov. 8, 1967, Pub. L. 90–133, title V, 81 Stat. 433.

Nov. 8, 1966, Pub. L. 89–797, title V, 80 Stat. 1504.

Sept. 2, 1965, Pub. L. 89–164, title V, 79 Stat. 643.

Aug. 31, 1964, Pub. L. 88–527, title V, 78 Stat. 734.

Dec. 30, 1963, Pub. L. 88–245, title V, 77 Stat. 800.

Oct. 18, 1962, Pub. L. 87–843, title V, 76 Stat. 1104.

Sept. 21, 1961, Pub. L. 87–264, title IV, 75 Stat. 557.

Aug. 31, 1960, Pub. L. 86–678, title IV, 74 Stat. 569.

July 13, 1959, Pub. L. 86–84, title IV, 73 Stat. 194.

June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–474, title IV, 72 Stat. 257.

June 11, 1957, Pub. L. 85–49, title IV, 71 Stat. 67.

June 20, 1956, ch. 414, title IV, 70 Stat. 312.

July 7, 1955, ch. 279, title IV, 69 Stat. 279.

July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title IV, 68 Stat. 432.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

"United States Information Agency" substituted in text for "International Communication Agency" pursuant to section 303(b) of Pub. L. 97–241, set out as a note under section 1461 of this title. United States Information Agency (other than Broadcasting Board of Governors and International Broadcasting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1136 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter IX: ALLOWANCES AND BENEFITS / Section 1136: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section 1136, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §911, 60 Stat. 1026; Apr. 5, 1955, ch. 23, §11, 69 Stat. 27; Sept. 6, 1960, Pub. L. 86–707, title III, §301(a), title V, §511(a)(1), 74 Stat. 795, 800; Sept. 4, 1961, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. IV, §708(3), 75 Stat. 464; Dec. 16, 1963, Pub. L. 88–205, pt. IV, §404(b), 77 Stat. 391; Dec. 23, 1967, Pub. L. 90–221, §1, 81 Stat. 671; Oct. 7, 1978, Pub. L. 95–426, title IV, §§407(a), 408(a), 409(a), 92 Stat. 980, related to payment, etc., of travel expenses, transportation and storage expenses, and expenses for bringing home remains of personnel and family members.

Section 1137, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §912, 60 Stat. 1027; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §46, 74 Stat 846, related to loan of household furnishings and equipment to officers and employees.

Section 1138, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §913, 60 Stat. 1027; Sept. 6, 1960, Pub. L. 86–707, title III, §322, 74 Stat. 798; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §47, 74 Stat. 846, related to transportation of motor vehicles of officers and employees.

Section 1138a, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title IX, §914, as added Dec. 16, 1963, Pub. L. 88–205, pt. IV, §404(c), 77 Stat. 391, related to transportation for Government employees and dependents.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2370b (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2370b: Humanitarian assistance code of conduct
Humanitarian assistance code of conduct
Status: in_force

(a) In general

None of the funds made available for foreign operations, export financing, and related programs under the headings "Migration and Refugee Assistance", "United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund", "International Disaster and Famine Assistance", or "Transition Initiatives" may be obligated to an organization that fails to adopt a code of conduct that provides for the protection of beneficiaries of assistance under any such heading from sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian relief operations.

(b) Consistency with United Nations principles

The code of conduct referred to in subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with the six core principles of the United Nations Inter-Agency Standing Committee Task Force on Protection From Sexual Exploitation and Abuse in Humanitarian Crises.

(c) Reports

Not later than 180 days after May 11, 2005, and not later than one year after May 11, 2005, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the implementation of this section.

(d) Effective Date

This section shall take effect 60 days after May 11, 2005, and shall apply to funds obligated after such date for fiscal year 2005 and any subsequent fiscal year.

(Pub. L. 109–13, div. A, title II, §2110, May 11, 2005, 119 Stat. 268.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.

Executive Documents

Assignment of Functions Relating to the Report to the Congress on Implementation of Humanitarian Assistance Code of Conduct

Memorandum of President of the United States, May 12, 2006, 71 F.R. 30549, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State

Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, the functions of the President under section 2110(c) of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005 (title II of Public Law 109–13) (22 U.S.C. 2370b), are assigned to the Secretary of State.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

George W. Bush.
22 U.S.C. § 5501 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 64: UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD / Section 5501: International negotiations concerning aviation security
International negotiations concerning aviation security
Status: in_force

(a) United States policy

It is the policy of the United States—

(1) to seek bilateral agreements to achieve United States aviation security objectives with foreign governments;

(2) to continue to press vigorously for security improvements through the Foreign Airport Security Act 1 and the foreign airport assessment program; and

(3) to continue to work through the International Civil Aviation Organization to improve aviation security internationally.

(b) Negotiations for aviation security

(1) The Department of State, in consultation with the Department of Transportation, shall be responsible for negotiating requisite aviation security agreements with foreign governments concerning the implementation of United States rules and regulations which affect the foreign operations of United States air carriers, foreign air carriers, and foreign international airports. The Secretary of State is directed to enter, expeditiously, into negotiations for bilateral and multilateral agreements—

(A) for enhanced aviation security objectives;

(B) to implement the Foreign Airport Security Act 1 and the foreign airport assessment program to the fullest extent practicable; and

(C) to achieve improved availability of passenger manifest information.

(2) A principal objective of bilateral and multilateral negotiations with foreign governments and the International Civil Aviation Organization shall be improved availability of passenger manifest information.

(Pub. L. 101–604, title II, §201, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3081.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

No act with the title Foreign Airport Security Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (b)(1)(B), has been enacted. The Foreign Airport Security Act probably means part B (§§551–559) of title V of Pub. L. 99–83, Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 222. For complete classification of part B to the Code, see Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Congressional Findings

Pub. L. 101–604, §2, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3066, provided that: "Congress finds that—

"(1) the safety and security of passengers of United States air carriers against terrorist threats should be given the highest priority by the United States Government;

"(2) the report of the President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism, dated May 15, 1990, found that current aviation security systems are inadequate to provide such protection;

"(3) the United States Government should immediately take steps to ensure fuller compliance with existing laws and regulations relating to aviation security;

"(4) the United States Government should work through the International Civil Aviation Organization and directly with foreign governments to enhance aviation security of foreign carriers and at foreign airports;

"(5) the United States Government should ensure that enhanced security measures are fully implemented by both United States and foreign air carriers;

"(6) all nations belonging to the Summit Seven should promptly amend the Bonn Declaration to extend sanctions for all terrorist acts, including attacks against airports and air carrier ticket offices;

"(7) the United States Government, in bilateral negotiations with foreign governments, should emphasize upgrading international aviation security objectives;

"(8) the United States Government should have in place a mechanism by which the Government notifies the public, on a case-by-case basis and through the application of a uniform national standard, of certain credible threats to civil aviation security;

"(9) the United States Government has a special obligation to United States victims of acts of terrorism directed against this Nation and should provide prompt assistance to the families of such victims and assure that fair and prompt compensation is provided to such victims and their families;

"(10) the United States should work with other nations to treat as outlaws state sponsors of terrorism, isolating such sponsors politically, economically, and militarily;

"(11) the United States must develop a clear understanding that state-sponsored terrorism threatens United States values and interests, and that active measures are needed to counter more effectively the terrorist threat; and

"(12) the United States must have the national will to take every feasible action to prevent, counter, and respond to terrorist activities."

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 5476 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 63: SUPPORT FOR EAST EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY (SEED) / Subchapter VI: REPORTS TO CONGRESS / Section 5476: Notifications to Congress regarding assistance
Notifications to Congress regarding assistance
Status: in_force

Section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2394–1; relating to reprogramming notifications) applies with respect to obligations of funds made available under that Act [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] to carry out this chapter, notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 101–179, title VII, §706, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1322.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 101–179, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1298, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5401 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 3384 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 48A: TAIWAN ENHANCED RESILIENCE / Subchapter IV: SUPPORTING UNITED STATES EDUCATIONAL AND EXCHANGE PROGRAMS WITH TAIWAN / Section 3384: Taiwan Fellowship Program
Taiwan Fellowship Program
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Secretary of State shall establish the Taiwan Fellowship Program (referred to in this section as the "Program") to provide a fellowship opportunity in Taiwan of up to 2 years for eligible United States citizens. The Department of State, in consultation with the American Institute in Taiwan and the implementing partner, may modify the name of the Program.

(b) Cooperative agreement

(1) In general

The American Institute in Taiwan should use amounts appropriated pursuant to section 3387(a) of this title to enter into an annual or multi-year cooperative agreement with an appropriate implementing partner.

(2) Fellowships

The Department of State or the American Institute in Taiwan, in consultation with, as appropriate, the implementing partner, should award to eligible United States citizens, subject to available funding—

(A) approximately 5 fellowships during the first 2 years of the Program; and

(B) approximately 10 fellowships during each of the remaining years of the Program.

(c) American Institution 1 in Taiwan agreement; implementing partner

Not later than 30 days after December 23, 2022, the American Institute in Taiwan, in consultation with the Department of State, should—

(1) begin negotiations with the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office, or with another appropriate entity, for the purpose of entering into an agreement to facilitate the placement of fellows in an agency of Taiwan; and

(2) begin the process of selecting an implementing partner, which—

(A) shall agree to meet all of the legal requirements required to operate in Taiwan; and

(B) shall be composed of staff who demonstrate significant experience managing exchange programs in the Indo-Pacific region.

(d) Curriculum

(1) First year

During the first year of each fellowship under this section, each fellow should study—

(A) the Mandarin Chinese language;

(B) the people, history, and political climate on Taiwan; and

(C) the issues affecting the relationship between the United States and the Indo-Pacific region.

(2) Second year

During the second year of each fellowship under this section, each fellow, subject to the approval of the Department of State, the American Institute in Taiwan, and the implementing partner, and in accordance with the purposes of this chapter, should work in—

(A) a parliamentary office, ministry, or other agency of Taiwan; or

(B) an organization outside the public sector in Taiwan, whose interests are associated with the interests of the fellow and the agency of the United States Government from which the fellow is or had been employed.

(e) Program requirements

(1) Eligibility requirements

A United States citizen is eligible for a fellowship under this section if the citizen—

(A) is an employee of the United States Government;

(B) has received at least one exemplary performance review in his or her current United States Government role within at least the last three years prior to beginning the fellowship;

(C) has at least 2 years of experience in any branch of the United States Government;

(D) has a demonstrated professional or educational background in the relationship between the United States and countries in the Indo-Pacific region; and

(E) has demonstrated his or her commitment to further service in the United States Government.

(2) Responsibilities of fellows

Each recipient of a fellowship under this section shall agree, as a condition of such fellowship—

(A) to maintain satisfactory progress in language training and appropriate behavior in Taiwan, consistent with United States Government policy toward Taiwan, as determined by the Department of State, the American Institute in Taiwan and, as appropriate, its implementing partner;

(B) to refrain from engaging in any intelligence or intelligence-related activity on behalf of the United States Government; and

(C) to continue Federal Government employment for a period of not less than 4 years after the conclusion of the fellowship or for not less than 2 years for a fellowship that is 1 year or shorter.

(3) Responsibilities of implementing partner

(A) Selection of fellows

The implementing partner, with the concurrence of the Department of State and the American Institute in Taiwan, shall—

(i) make efforts to recruit fellowship candidates who reflect the diversity of the United States;

(ii) select fellows for the Taiwan Fellowship Program based solely on merit, with appropriate supervision from the Department of State and the American Institute in Taiwan; and

(iii) prioritize the selection of candidates willing to serve in a fellowship lasting 1 year or longer.

(B) First year

The implementing partner should provide each fellow in the first year (or shorter duration, as jointly determined by the Department of State and the American Institute in Taiwan for those who are not serving a 2-year fellowship) with—

(i) intensive Mandarin Chinese language training; and

(ii) courses in the politics, culture, and history of Taiwan, China, and the broader Indo-Pacific.

(C) Waiver of first-year training

The Department of State, in coordination with the American Institute in Taiwan and, as appropriate, the implementing partner, may waive any of the training required under paragraph (2) to the extent that a fellow has Mandarin language skills, knowledge of the topic described in subparagraph (B)(ii), or for other related reasons approved by the Department of State and the American Institute in Taiwan. If any of the training requirements are waived for a fellow serving a 2-year fellowship, the training portion of his or her fellowship may be shortened to the extent appropriate.

(D) Office; staffing

The implementing partner, in consultation with the Department of State and the American Institute in Taiwan, may maintain an office and at least 1 full-time staff member in Taiwan—

(i) to liaise with the American Institute in Taiwan and institutions of Taiwan; and

(ii) to serve as the primary in-country point of contact for the recipients of fellowships under this subchapter and their dependents.

(E) Other functions

The implementing partner may perform other functions in association with support of the Taiwan Fellowship Program, including logistical and administrative functions, as prescribed by the Department of State and the American Institute in Taiwan.

(4) Noncompliance

(A) In general

Any fellow who fails to comply with the requirements under this section shall reimburse the American Institute in Taiwan, or the appropriate United States Government agency for—

(i) the Federal funds expended for the fellow's participation in the fellowship, as set forth in subparagraphs (B) and (C); and

(ii) interest accrued on such funds (calculated at the prevailing rate).

(B) Full reimbursement

Any fellow who violates subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2) shall reimburse the American Institute in Taiwan, or the appropriate United States Government agency, in an amount equal to the sum of—

(i) all of the Federal funds expended for the fellow's participation in the fellowship; and

(ii) interest on the amount specified in subparagraph (A), which shall be calculated at the prevailing rate.

(C) Pro rata reimbursement

Any fellow who violates subparagraph (C) of paragraph (2) shall reimburse the American Institute in Taiwan, or the appropriate United States Government agency, in an amount equal to the difference between—

(i) the amount specified in subparagraph (B); and

(ii) the product of—

(I) the amount the fellow received in compensation during the final year of the fellowship, including the value of any allowances and benefits received by the fellow; multiplied by

(II) the percentage of the period specified in paragraph (2)(C) during which the fellow did not remain employed by the Federal Government.

(f) Flexible fellowship duration

Notwithstanding any requirement under this section, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the American Institute in Taiwan and, as appropriate, the implementing partner, may award fellowships that have a duration of less than 2 years, and may alter the curriculum requirements under subsection (d) for such purposes.

(g) Sunset

The fellowship program under this subchapter shall terminate 7 years after December 23, 2022.

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5530, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3326.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was in the original "this subtitle", meaning subtitle A (§§5501–5540) of Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3292, known as the Taiwan Enhanced Resilience Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3351 of this title and Tables.

1 So in original. Probably should be "Institute".
22 U.S.C. § 283 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XII: INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 283: Acceptance of membership by United States in Inter-American Development Bank
Acceptance of membership by United States in Inter-American Development Bank
Status: in_force

The President is hereby authorized to accept membership for the United States in the Inter-American Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as the "Bank"), provided for by the agreement establishing the bank (hereinafter referred to as the "agreement") deposited in the archives of the Organization of American States.

(Pub. L. 86–147, §2, Aug. 7, 1959, 73 Stat. 299.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 86–147, §1, Aug. 7, 1959, 73 Stat. 299, provided that: "This Act [enacting this subchapter and amending section 24 of Title 12, Banks and Banking] may be cited as the 'Inter-American Development Bank Act'."

Proposals for Joint Act by Participants in Inter-American Development Bank for Increased Exploration and Exploitation of Energy and Mineral Resources of Western Hemisphere

Pub. L. 96–259, title I, §102, June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 430, which required Presidential evaluation and report on a proposal for joint action by countries of Western Hemisphere and other countries which participate in Inter-American Development Bank to increase exploration for and exploitation of energy and mineral resources of Western Hemisphere through multilateral incentives, administered by Inter-American Development Bank, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–240, title V, §541(d)(6), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2518.

Par Value Modification

For Congressional direction that the Secretary of the Treasury maintain the value in terms of gold of the Inter-American Development Bank's holdings of United States dollars following the establishment of a par value of the dollar at $38 for a fine troy ounce of gold pursuant to the Par Value Modification Act and for the authorization of the appropriations necessary to provide such maintenance of value, see section 5152 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
22 U.S.C. § 10413 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 111: AUSTRALIA, UNITED KINGDOM, AND UNITED STATES (AUKUS) SECURITY PARTNERSHIP / Subchapter I: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 10413: Reporting related to the AUKUS partnership
Reporting related to the AUKUS partnership
Status: in_force

(a) Report on instruments

(1) In general

Not later than 30 days after the signature, conclusion, or other finalization of any non-binding instrument related to the AUKUS partnership, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees the text of such instrument.

(2) Non-duplication of efforts; rule of construction

To the extent the text of a non-binding instrument is submitted to the appropriate congressional committees pursuant to paragraph (1), such text does not need to be submitted to Congress pursuant to section 112b(a)(1)(A)(ii) of title 1, as amended by section 5947 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 3476). Paragraph (1) shall not be construed to relieve the executive branch of any other requirement of section 112b of title 1, as so amended, or any other provision of law.

(3) Definitions

In this subsection:

(A) In general

The term "text", with respect to a non-binding instrument, includes—

(i) any annex, appendix, codicil, side agreement, side letter, or any document of similar purpose or function to the aforementioned, regardless of the title of the document, that is entered into contemporaneously and in conjunction with the non-binding instrument; and

(ii) any implementing agreement or arrangement, or any document of similar purpose or function to the aforementioned, regardless of the title of the document, that is entered into contemporaneously and in conjunction with the non-binding instrument.

(B) Contemporaneously and in conjunction with

As used in subparagraph (A), the term "contemporaneously and in conjunction with"—

(i) shall be construed liberally; and

(ii) may not be interpreted to require any action to have occurred simultaneously or on the same day.

(b) Report on AUKUS partnership

(1) In general

Not later than one year after December 22, 2023, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and other appropriate heads of agencies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the AUKUS partnership.

(2) Elements

Each report required under paragraph (1) shall include the following elements:

(A) Strategy

(i) An identification of the defensive military capability gaps and capacity shortfalls that the AUKUS partnership seeks to offset.

(ii) An explanation of the total cost to the United States associated with Pillar One of the AUKUS partnership.

(iii) A detailed explanation of how enhanced access to the industrial base of Australia is contributing to strengthening the United States strategic position in Asia.

(iv) A detailed explanation of the military and strategic benefit provided by the improved access provided by naval bases of Australia.

(v) A detailed assessment of how Australia's sovereign conventionally armed nuclear attack submarines contribute to United States defense and deterrence objectives in the Indo-Pacific region.

(B) Implement the AUKUS partnership

(i) Progress made on achieving the Optimal Pathway established for Australia's development of conventionally armed, nuclear-powered submarines, including the following elements:

(I) A description of progress made by Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States to conclude an Article 14 arrangement with the International Atomic Energy Agency.

(II) A description of the status of efforts of Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States to build the supporting infrastructure to base conventionally armed, nuclear-powered attack submarines.

(III) Updates on the efforts by Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States to train a workforce that can build, sustain, and operate conventionally armed, nuclear-powered attack submarines.

(IV) A description of progress in establishing submarine support facilities capable of hosting rotational forces in western Australia by 2027.

(V) A description of progress made in improving United States submarine production capabilities that will enable the United States to meet—

(aa) its objectives of providing up to five Virginia Class submarines to Australia by the early to mid-2030's; and

(bb) United States submarine production requirements.

(ii) Progress made on Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership, including the following elements:

(I) An assessment of the efforts of Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States to enhance collaboration across the following eight trilateral lines of effort:

(aa) Underseas capabilities.

(bb) Quantum technologies.

(cc) Artificial intelligence and autonomy.

(dd) Advanced cyber capabilities.

(ee) Hypersonic and counter-hypersonic capabilities.

(ff) Electronic warfare.

(gg) Innovation.

(hh) Information sharing.

(II) An assessment of any new lines of effort established.

(Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XIII, §1333, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 506.)

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions and Authorities Under Sections 1333, 1342, 1352, and 1353 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024

Memorandum of President of the United States, July 9, 2024, 89 F.R. 57337, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State[,] the Secretary of Defense[,] the Secretary of Energy[, and] the Director of the Office of Management and Budget

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code:

Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 1352(g) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31) (the "Act") [22 U.S.C. 10431(g)].

(b) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretaries of State and Energy, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 1352(h)(4), 1352(d)(1), and 1352(e)(2)(A) of the Act.

(c) I hereby delegate the functions and authorities vested in the President by the following provisions of the Act as follows:

(i) to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretaries of Defense and Energy, as appropriate, section 1333 of the Act [22 U.S.C. 10413];

(ii) to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretaries of Defense and Energy, section 1342 of the Act [22 U.S.C. 10422];

(iii) to the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, section 1352(e)(2)(B) of the Act;

(iv) to the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, section 1352(e)(2)(C) of the Act;

(v) to the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretaries of State and Energy, section 1352(i) of the Act; and

(vi) to the Secretary of Defense for funds allocated to the Department of Defense account and to the Secretary of Energy for funds allocated to the Department of Energy account, in coordination with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, section 1353(d), (h), and (i) of the Act [22 U.S.C. 10432(d), (h), (i)].

Sec. 2. The delegation in this memorandum shall apply to any provision of any future public law that is the same or substantially the same as the provision referenced in this memorandum.

Sec. 3. The Secretary of Defense is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

J.R. Biden, Jr.
22 U.S.C. § 1465 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 18: UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS / Subchapter V: DISSEMINATION ABROAD OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE UNITED STATES / Section 1465: Congressional findings and declaration of purposes
Congressional findings and declaration of purposes
Status: in_force

The Congress finds and declares—

(1) that it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights;

(2) that, consonant with this policy, radio broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba, in particular information about Cuba;

(3) that such broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest; and

(4) that the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions but that there is a need for broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.

(Pub. L. 98–111, §2, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 749.)

Repeal of Section

Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 98–111, §1, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 749, provided: "That this Act [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the 'Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act'."
22 U.S.C. § 3386 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 48A: TAIWAN ENHANCED RESILIENCE / Subchapter IV: SUPPORTING UNITED STATES EDUCATIONAL AND EXCHANGE PROGRAMS WITH TAIWAN / Section 3386: Taiwan fellows on detail from Government service
Taiwan fellows on detail from Government service
Status: in_force

(a) In general

(1) Detail authorized

With the approval of the Secretary of State, an agency head may detail, for a period of not more than 2 years, an employee of the agency of the United States Government who has been awarded a fellowship under this subchapter, to the American Institute in Taiwan for the purpose of assignment to Taiwan or an organization described in section 3384(d)(2)(B) of this title.

(2) Agreement

Each detailee shall enter into a written agreement with the Federal Government before receiving a fellowship, in which the fellow shall agree—

(A) to continue in the service of the sponsoring agency at the end of fellowship for a period of at least 4 years (or at least 2 years if the fellowship duration is 1 year or shorter) unless the detailee is involuntarily separated from the service of such agency; and

(B) to pay to the American Institute in Taiwan, or the United States Government agency, as appropriate, any additional expenses incurred by the Federal Government in connection with the fellowship if the detailee voluntarily separates from service with the sponsoring agency before the end of the period for which the detailee has agreed to continue in the service of such agency.

(3) Exception

The payment agreed to under paragraph (2)(B) may not be required from a detailee who leaves the service of the sponsoring agency to enter into the service of another agency of the United States Government unless the head of the sponsoring agency notifies the detailee before the effective date of entry into the service of the other agency that payment will be required under this subsection.

(b) Status as Government employee

A detailee—

(1) is deemed, for the purpose of preserving allowances, privileges, rights, seniority, and other benefits, to be an employee of the sponsoring agency;

(2) is entitled to pay, allowances, and benefits from funds available to such agency, which is deemed to comply with section 5536 of title 5; and

(3) may be assigned to a position with an entity described in section 3384(d)(2)(A) of this title if acceptance of such position does not involve—

(A) the taking of an oath of allegiance to another government; or

(B) the acceptance of compensation or other benefits from any foreign government by such detailee.

(c) Responsibilities of sponsoring agency

(1) In general

The Federal agency from which a detailee is detailed should provide the fellow allowances and benefits that are consistent with Department of State Standardized Regulations or other applicable rules and regulations, including—

(A) a living quarters allowance to cover the cost of housing in Taiwan;

(B) a cost of living allowance to cover any possible higher costs of living in Taiwan;

(C) a temporary quarters subsistence allowance for up to 7 days if the fellow is unable to find housing immediately upon arriving in Taiwan;

(D) an education allowance to assist parents in providing the fellow's minor children with educational services ordinarily provided without charge by public schools in the United States;

(E) moving expenses to transport personal belongings of the fellow and his or her family in their move to Taiwan, which is comparable to the allowance given for American Institute in Taiwan employees assigned to Taiwan; and

(F) an economy-class airline ticket to and from Taiwan for each fellow and the fellow's immediate family.

(2) Modification of benefits

The American Institute in Taiwan and its implementing partner, with the approval of the Department of State, may modify the benefits set forth in paragraph (1) if such modification is warranted by fiscal circumstances.

(d) No financial liability

The American Institute in Taiwan, the implementing partner, and Taiwan or non-public sector entities in Taiwan at which a fellow is detailed during the second year of the fellowship may not be held responsible for the pay, allowances, or any other benefit normally provided to the detailee.

(e) Reimbursement

Fellows may be detailed under subsection (a)(1) without reimbursement to the United States by the American Institute in Taiwan.

(f) Allowances and benefits

Detailees may be paid by the American Institute in Taiwan for the allowances and benefits listed in subsection (c).

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, §5532, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3330.)
22 U.S.C. § 263a (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Section 263a: International Criminal Police Organization
International Criminal Police Organization
Status: in_force

The Attorney General is authorized to accept and maintain, on behalf of the United States, membership in the International Criminal Police Organization, and to designate any departments and agencies which may participate in the United States representation with that organization. All dues and expenses to be paid for the membership of the United States shall be paid out of sums authorized and appropriated for the Department of Justice.

(June 10, 1938, ch. 335, 52 Stat. 640; Pub. L. 85–768, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 921; Pub. L. 90–159, Nov. 28, 1967, 81 Stat. 517; Pub. L. 92–380, §1, Aug. 10, 1972, 86 Stat. 531; Pub. L. 93–468, §1, Oct. 24, 1974, 88 Stat. 1422; Pub. L. 95–624, §21(a), Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3466.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1978—Pub. L. 95–624 substituted provision authorizing payment of all dues and expenses for membership of the United States out of sums authorized and appropriated for Department of Justice for provisions authorizing each participating department and agency to pay its pro rata share of expenses of such membership and forbidding total dues paid for such membership to exceed $120,000 per annum.

1974—Pub. L. 93–468 substituted "$120,000" for "$80,000".

1972—Pub. L. 92–380 substituted "$80,000" for "$28,500".

1967—Pub. L. 90–159 substituted "$28,500" for "$25,000".

1958—Pub. L. 85–768 authorized the Attorney General to designate departments and agencies which may participate, on a pro rata share basis, in the United States representation with the International Criminal Police Organization, and increased from $1,500 to $25,000 per annum the amount of expenses which may be incurred by reason of United States membership.
22 U.S.C. § 6209 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 71: UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING / Section 6209: Incorporation and non-Federal status of broadcasting entities
Incorporation and non-Federal status of broadcasting entities
Status: in_force

(a) Defined term

In this chapter—

(1) the term "grant" includes agreements under section 6305 of title 31; and

(2) the term "grantee" includes recipients of an agreement described in paragraph (1).

(b) Incorporation

The Chief Executive Officer is authorized to incorporate grantees in accordance with the regular notification procedures of—

(1) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;

(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;

(3) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and

(4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.

(c) Federal status

Nothing in this chapter or in any other Act, and no action taken pursuant to this chapter or any other Act, may be construed to make a grantee incorporated pursuant to subsection (b), or any other grantee or entity provided funding by the Agency, a Federal agency or instrumentality.

(d) Leadership of grantee organizations

The chief executive officer or the equivalent official of RFE/RL Inc., Radio Free Asia, the Open Technology Fund, and the Middle East Broadcasting Networks, and any other organization that is established or authorized under this chapter, shall serve at the pleasure of, and may be named by, the Chief Executive Officer of the Agency, with the concurrence of the Grantee Board and subject to the approval of the Advisory Board pursuant to section 6205 of this title.

(Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §310, as added Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, §1288(7), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2553; amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, §§1299P(c)(2), (3), 1299Q(e)(5), (f), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4020, 4025, 4026; Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCVII, §9705, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3915.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a), (c), and (d), was so in the original, but probably should have been a reference to "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 103–236, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 432, known as the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6201 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, §1299Q(e)(5), (f), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4025, 4026, which amended this section, was itself amended by Pub. L. 116–260, div. O, title XIII, §1301, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2158, to make it effective 90 days after Jan. 1, 2021. However, the amendment by Pub. L. 116–260 could not be executed because it was enacted before the provision from Pub. L. 116–283 that it amended.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 6209, Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §310, Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 442, related to transition of transfer of functions from Board for International Broadcasting to United States Information Agency, Board, or Bureau, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, §§1301, 1323(l)(2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–776, 2681–780, effective Oct. 1, 1999.

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–263 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to broadcast entities reporting to Chief Executive Officer.

2021—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–283, §1299P(c)(3), inserted "the Open Technology Fund," before "and the Middle East Broadcasting Networks".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–283, §1299P(c)(2), inserted "the Open Technology Fund," before "or the Middle East Broadcasting Networks".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 116–283, §1299Q(e)(5), substituted "Agency" for "Board".

Pub. L. 116–283, §1299P(c)(3), inserted "the Open Technology Fund," before "and the Middle East Broadcasting Networks".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 116–283, §1299P(c)(3), inserted "the Open Technology Fund," before "and the Middle East Broadcasting Networks".

Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 116–283, §1299Q(f), added subsecs. (f) and (g).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2021 Amendment

Amendment by section 1299P(c)(2), (3) of Pub. L. 116–283 effective and applicable beginning on July 1, 2021, see section 1299P(e) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note under section 6203 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2286 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 32: FOREIGN ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT / Section 2286: Pilot program for sub-Saharan Africa
Pilot program for sub-Saharan Africa
Status: in_force

(a) List of areas of severely degraded national resources or of biological or ecological importance

The Administrator of the Agency for International Development, in cooperation with nongovernmental conservation organizations, shall invite the government of each country in sub-Saharan Africa to submit a list of those areas of severely degraded national resources which threaten human survival and well-being and the opportunity for future economic growth or those areas of biological or ecological importance within the territory of that country.

(b) Assessment of list; agreement for future use of areas

The Administrator of the Agency for International Development shall assess the list submitted by each country under subsection (a) and shall seek to reach agreement with the host country for the restoration and future sustainable use of those areas.

(c) Grants for purchase of discounted commercial debt on open market; retention of interest by grantee

(1) The Administrator of the Agency for International Development is authorized to make grants, on such terms and conditions as may be necessary, to nongovernmental organizations for the purchase on the open market of discounted commercial debt of a foreign government of an eligible sub-Saharan country in exchange for commitments by that government to restore natural resources identified by the host country under subsection (a) or for commitments to develop plans for sustainable use of such resources.

(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a grantee (or any subgrantee) of the grants referred to in section (a) 1 may retain, without deposit in the Treasury of the United States and without further appropriation by Congress, interest earned on the proceeds of any resulting debt-for-nature exchange pending the disbursements of such proceeds and interest for approved program purposes, which may include the establishment of an endowment, the income of which is used for such purposes.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §466 [476], as added Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, §711, Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2523.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Another section 466 of Pub. L. 87–195 is classified to section 2276 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "paragraph (1)".
22 U.S.C. § 283n (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 7: INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESSES, ETC. / Subchapter XII: INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK / Section 283n: Increase in authorized capital stock; United States share; authorization of appropriations
Increase in authorized capital stock; United States share; authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) The United States Governor of the Bank is hereby authorized (1) to vote for an increase in the authorized capital stock of the Bank under article II, section 2, of the agreement as recommended by the Board of Executive Directors in its report of April 1967, to the Board of Governors of the Bank; and (2) to agree on behalf of the United States to subscribe to its proportionate share of the $1,000,000,000 increase in the authorized callable capital stock of the bank.

(b) There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, for payment by the Secretary of the Treasury of the increased United States subscription to the capital stock of the Inter-American Development Bank, $411,760,000.

(Pub. L. 86–147, §17, as added Pub. L. 90–325, June 4, 1968, 82 Stat. 168.)
22 U.S.C. § 1003 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VI: PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION / Section 1003: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159
Status: repealed

Section 1003, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §633, as added Apr. 5, 1955, ch. 23, §7, 69 Stat. 25, related to selection-out process and regulations.

A prior section 633 of act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, 60 Stat. 1015, which provided that Secretary prescribe maximum period during which Foreign Service officers in classes 2 or 3 remain in force without promotion and for retirement from Service for any officer who did not receive a promotion within such period, was repealed by act Apr. 5, 1955, ch. 23, §7, 69 Stat. 25.

Section 1004, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §634, as added Apr. 5, 1955, ch. 23, §7, 69 Stat. 25; amended July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §7, 70 Stat. 704; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §22, 74 Stat. 835; July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §520, 90 Stat. 846, related to selection-out benefits.

A prior section 634 of act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, 60 Stat. 1015, which provided selection-out benefits to officers in classes 4 and 5 was repealed by act Apr. 5, 1955, ch. 23, §7, 69 Stat. 25.

Section 1005, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §635, 60 Stat. 1016; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §8, 70 Stat. 704; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §23, 74 Stat. 836, related to status, etc., of officers in class 7 or 8.

Section 1006, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §636, 60 Stat. 1016; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §24, 74 Stat. 836, related to voluntary retirement.

Section 1007, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §637, 60 Stat. 1016; July 28, 1956, ch. 770, §8, 70 Stat. 704; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §25(a), 74 Stat. 836; July 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–350, title V, §521, 90 Stat. 846, related to separation for cause of officers and employees.

Section 1008, acts Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §638, 60 Stat. 1016; Sept. 8, 1960, Pub. L. 86–723, §26, 74 Stat. 837, related to termination of limited appointments of Reserve officers, and staff officers and employees.

Section 1009, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, §639, as added Oct. 7, 1978, Pub. L. 95–426, title IV, §404, 92 Stat. 979, related to professional career counseling, advice, and placement assistance.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2659 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 38: DEPARTMENT OF STATE / Section 2659: State statutes to be procured
State statutes to be procured
Status: in_force

The Secretary of State shall procure from time to time such of the statutes of the several States as may not be in his office.

(R.S. §206.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

R.S. §206 derived from act Sept. 23, 1789, No. 3, 1 Stat. 97.

Section was formerly classified to section 161 of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.

Executive Documents

Abolition of Functions

Section 161 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees [now this section], under which the Secretary of State was required to procure, from time to time, such of the statutes of the several States as might not be in his office, was affected by Reorg. Plan No. 20 of 1950, 2(a), eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3178, 64 Stat. 1272, set out in Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which abolished such prescribed duty. Such section 2(a) further provided, however, that such abolition should not limit the authority of the Secretary of State to procure copies of such State statutes as may be needed in the performance of his functions.
22 U.S.C. § 7832 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 85: NORTH KOREAN HUMAN RIGHTS / Subchapter II: ASSISTING NORTH KOREANS IN NEED / Section 7832: Assistance provided inside North Korea
Assistance provided inside North Korea
Status: in_force

(a) Humanitarian assistance through nongovernmental and international organizations

It is the sense of the Congress that—

(1) at the same time that Congress supports the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of North Korea on humanitarian grounds, such assistance also should be provided and monitored so as to minimize the possibility that such assistance could be diverted to political or military use, and to maximize the likelihood that it will reach the most vulnerable North Koreans;

(2) significant increases above current levels of United States support for humanitarian assistance provided inside North Korea should be conditioned upon substantial improvements in transparency, monitoring, and access to vulnerable populations throughout North Korea; and

(3) the United States should encourage other countries that provide food and other humanitarian assistance to North Korea to do so through monitored, transparent channels, rather than through direct, bilateral transfers to the Government of North Korea.

(b) United States assistance to the government of North Korea

It is the sense of Congress that—

(1) United States humanitarian assistance to any department, agency, or entity of the Government of North Korea shall—

(A) be delivered, distributed, and monitored according to internationally recognized humanitarian standards;

(B) be provided on a needs basis, and not used as a political reward or tool of coercion;

(C) reach the intended beneficiaries, who should be informed of the source of the assistance; and

(D) be made available to all vulnerable groups in North Korea, no matter where in the country they may be located; and

(2) United States nonhumanitarian assistance to North Korea shall be contingent on North Korea's substantial progress toward—

(A) respect for the basic human rights of the people of North Korea, including freedom of religion;

(B) providing for family reunification between North Koreans and their descendants and relatives in the United States;

(C) fully disclosing all information regarding citizens of Japan and the Republic of Korea abducted by the Government of North Korea;

(D) allowing such abductees, along with their families, complete and genuine freedom to leave North Korea and return to the abductees' original home countries;

(E) reforming the North Korean prison and labor camp system, and subjecting such reforms to independent international monitoring; and

(F) decriminalizing political expression and activity.

(c) Report

Not later than 180 days after October 18, 2004, the Administrator of the Agency for International Development shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report describing compliance with this section.

(Pub. L. 108–333, title II, §202, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1293.)
22 U.S.C. § 9401 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 101: COUNTERING IRAN'S DESTABILIZING ACTIVITIES / Section 9401: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1) Act of international terrorism

The term "act of international terrorism" has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).

(2) Appropriate congressional committees

The term "appropriate congressional committees" has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).

(3) Foreign person

The term "foreign person" means a person that is not a United States person.

(4) Iranian person

The term "Iranian person" means—

(A) an individual who is a citizen or national of Iran; or

(B) an entity organized under the laws of Iran or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the Government of Iran.

(5) IRGC

The term "IRGC" means Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

(6) Knowingly

The term "knowingly" has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).

(7) United States person

The term "United States person" means—

(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or

(B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.

(Pub. L. 115–44, title I, §102, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 888.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 115–44, §1(a), Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 886, provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter, chapter 102 of this title, sections 8909, 8910, 9221a, 9225, 9241a, and 9241b of this title, and section 1232c of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters, amending sections 2708, 8901, 8907, 8908, 8923, 8924, 9202, 9214, 9223, 9228, and 9241 of this title, section 5326 of Title 31, Money and Finance, sections 1223 and 1232 of Title 33, and section 3021 of Title 50, War and National Defense, repealing section 9225 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 9201, 9202, 9214, 9241, and 9501 of this title, and section 3021 of Title 50] may be cited as the 'Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act'."

Pub. L. 115–44, title I, §101, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 888, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Countering Iran's Destabilizing Activities Act of 2017'."
22 U.S.C. § 808 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 808: Repealed. Pub. L. 92-310, title II, §227(c), June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 207
Repealed. Pub. L. 92-310, title II, §227(c), June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 207
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title X, §1011, 60 Stat. 1030, related to bonds of officers and employees.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Impairment of Existing Bonds

Act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, §1121, 60 Stat. 1035, which related to impairment of existing bonds by enactment of this chapter, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–465, title II, §2205(1), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159.
22 U.S.C. § 4173 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 52: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter XIII: MISCELLANEOUS / Section 4173: Congressional oversight of implementation
Congressional oversight of implementation
Status: in_force

(a), (b) Repealed. Pub. L. 100–204, title I, §185(c)(2), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1366

(c) Consultation with agency representatives

The Secretary shall consult, in accordance with the procedures set out in section 4113(g) of this title, with the exclusive representative (if any) of members of the Foreign Service in each agency specified in section 4103(a) of this title with respect to steps to be taken in implementing this chapter and reported under section 4001(c)(4) 1 of this title. To that end, each such exclusive representative will have timely access to all relevant information at each stage. Each such report shall include the views of each such exclusive representative on any and all aspects of the report and the information contained in such report.

(Pub. L. 96–465, title II, §2402, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2168; Pub. L. 100–204, title I, §185(c)(2), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1366.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 4001(c)(4) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–323, title VII, §715(b)(5), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1946.

Amendments

1987—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 100–204 struck out subsec. (a) which related to report by Secretary of State and its contents and subsec. (b) which related to annual supplemental report and its contents.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–204 substituted "under section 4001(c)(4) of this title" for "under this section".

1 See References in Text note below.
22 U.S.C. § 453 (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 9: FOREIGN WARS, WAR MATERIALS, AND NEUTRALITY / Subchapter II: NEUTRALITY / Section 453: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

The President may, from time to time, promulgate such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with law, as may be necessary and proper to carry out any of the provisions of this subchapter; and he may exercise any power or authority conferred on him by this subchapter through such officer or officers, or agency or agencies, as he shall direct.

(Nov. 4, 1939, ch. 2, §13, 54 Stat. 11.)

Executive Documents

Delegation of Powers

Power to make rules and regulations under this subchapter delegated to Secretary of State by Proc. No. 2374, promulgated Nov. 4, 1939, 4 F.R. 4493, 54 Stat. 2671. See proclamations preceding section 1 of Title 50, War and National Defense.
22 U.S.C. § 1079l (2024) — Title 22: FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE / Chapter 14: FOREIGN SERVICE / Subchapter VIII: RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY SYSTEM / Section 1079l: Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(15), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2160
Repealed. Pub. L. 96-465, title II, §2205(15), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2160
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 86–612, §1, July 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 371, set forth provisions relating to increase of annuities.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.