15 U.S.C. § 6905 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 95: MICROENTERPRISE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM / Section 6905: Allocation of assistance; subgrants
Allocation of assistance; subgrants
Status: in_force

(a) Allocation of assistance

(1) In general

The Administrator shall allocate assistance from the Administration under this chapter to ensure that—

(A) activities described in section 6903(1) of this title are funded using not less than 75 percent of amounts made available for such assistance; and

(B) activities described in section 6903(2) of this title are funded using not less than 15 percent of amounts made available for such assistance.

(2) Limit on individual assistance

No single person may receive more than 10 percent of the total funds appropriated under this chapter in a single fiscal year.

(b) Targeted assistance

The Administrator shall ensure that not less than 50 percent of the grants made under this chapter are used to benefit very low-income persons, including those residing on Indian reservations.

(c) Subgrants authorized

(1) In general

A qualified organization receiving assistance under this chapter may provide grants using that assistance to qualified small and emerging microenterprise organizations and programs, subject to such rules and regulations as the Administrator determines to be appropriate.

(2) Limit on administrative expenses

Not more than 7.5 percent of assistance received by a qualified organization under this chapter may be used for administrative expenses in connection with the making of subgrants under paragraph (1).

(d) Diversity

In making grants under this chapter, the Administrator shall ensure that grant recipients include both large and small microenterprise organizations, serving urban, rural, and Indian tribal communities serving diverse populations.

(e) Prohibition on preferential consideration of certain SBA program participants

In making grants under this chapter, the Administrator shall ensure that any application made by a qualified organization that is a participant in the program established under section 636(m) of this title does not receive preferential consideration over applications from other qualified organizations that are not participants in such program.

(Pub. L. 103–325, title I, §176, as added Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, §725, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1473.)
15 U.S.C. § 1822 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 44: PROTECTION OF HORSES / Section 1822: Congressional statement of findings
Congressional statement of findings
Status: in_force

The Congress finds and declares that—

(1) the soring of horses is cruel and inhumane;

(2) horses shown or exhibited which are sore, where such soreness improves the performance of such horse, compete unfairly with horses which are not sore;

(3) the movement, showing, exhibition, or sale of sore horses in intrastate commerce adversely affects and burdens interstate and foreign commerce;

(4) all horses which are subject to regulation under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign commerce or substantially affect such commerce; and

(5) regulation under this chapter by the Secretary is appropriate to prevent and eliminate burdens upon commerce and to effectively regulate commerce.

(Pub. L. 91–540, §3, Dec. 9, 1970, 84 Stat. 1405; Pub. L. 94–360, §4, July 13, 1976, 90 Stat. 915.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1976—Pub. L. 94–360, among other changes, inserted findings stating that all horses subject to regulation under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign commerce or substantially affect interstate or foreign commerce, and that regulation by the Secretary is appropriate to eliminate burdens upon commerce.
15 U.S.C. § 77bb (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2A: SECURITIES AND TRUST INDENTURES / Subchapter II: FOREIGN SECURITIES / Section 77bb: "Corporation of Foreign Security Holders"; creation; principal office; branch offices
"Corporation of Foreign Security Holders"; creation; principal office; branch offices
Status: in_force

For the purpose of protecting, conserving, and advancing the interests of the holders of foreign securities in default, there is hereby created a body corporate with the name "Corporation of Foreign Security Holders" (herein called the "Corporation"). The principal office of the Corporation shall be located in the District of Columbia, but there may be established agencies or branch offices in any city or cities of the United States under rules and regulations prescribed by the board of directors.

(May 27, 1933, ch. 38, title II, §201, 48 Stat. 92.)
15 U.S.C. § 1824a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 44: PROTECTION OF HORSES / Section 1824a: Export of horses
Export of horses
Status: in_force

(a) Restriction on export of horses

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no horse may be exported by sea from the United States, or any of its territories or possessions, unless such horse is part of a consignment of horses with respect to which a waiver has been granted under subsection (b).

(b) Granting of waivers

The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, may issue regulations providing for the granting of waivers permitting the export by sea of a specified consignment of horses, if the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, determines that no horse in that consignment is being exported for purposes of slaughter.

(c) Penalties

(1) Criminal penalty

Any person who knowingly violates this section or any regulation, order, or license issued under this section shall be fined not more than 5 times the value of the consignment of horses involved or $50,000, whichever is greater, or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.

(2) Civil penalty

The Secretary of Commerce, after providing notice and an opportunity for an agency hearing on the record, may impose a civil penalty of not to exceed $10,000 for each violation of this section or any regulation, order, or license issued under this section, either in addition to or in lieu of any other liability or penalty which may be imposed.

(Mar. 3, 1891, ch. 521, §3, as added Pub. L. 99–64, title I, §125, July 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 156.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the Horse Protection Act of 1970 which comprises this chapter.

Section was classified to section 466c of the former Appendix to Title 46, prior to the completion of the enactment of Title 46, Shipping, by Pub. L. 109–304, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1485.

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 7(j) of Pub. L. 96–72, formerly classified to section 4606(j) of Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to the amendment of section 7(j) of that Act by Pub. L. 99–64, which enacted this section.
15 U.S.C. § 7106 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 97: WOMEN'S BUSINESS ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT / Section 7106: Duties of the Council
Duties of the Council
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Council shall advise and consult with the Interagency Committee on matters relating to the activities, functions, and policies of the Interagency Committee, as provided in this chapter. The Council shall meet jointly with the Interagency Committee at the discretion of the chairperson of the Council and the chairperson of the Interagency Committee, but not less than biannually.

(b) Meetings

The Council shall meet separately at such times as the Council deems necessary. A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a quorum for the approval of recommendations or reports issued pursuant to this section.

(c) Recommendations

The Council shall make annual recommendations for consideration by the Interagency Committee. The Council shall also provide reports and make such other recommendations as it deems appropriate to the Interagency Committee, to the President, to the Administrator (through the Assistant Administrator of the Office of Women's Business Ownership), and to the Committees on Small Business of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

(d) Other duties

The Council shall—

(1) review, coordinate, and monitor plans and programs developed in the public and private sectors, which affect the ability of women-owned business enterprises to obtain capital and credit;

(2) promote and assist in the development of a women's business census and other surveys of women-owned businesses;

(3) monitor and promote the plans, programs, and operations of the departments and agencies of the Federal Government which may contribute to the establishment and growth of women's business enterprise;

(4) develop and promote new initiatives, policies, programs, and plans designed to foster women's business enterprise;

(5) advise and consult with the Interagency Committee in the design of a comprehensive plan for a joint public-private sector effort to facilitate growth and development of women's business enterprise; 1

(6) not later than 90 days after the last day of each fiscal year, submit to the President and to the Committee on Small Business of the Senate and the Committee on Small Business of the House of Representatives, a report containing—

(A) a detailed description of the activities of the council,2 including a status report on the Council's progress toward meeting its duties outlined in subsections (a) and (d) of this section;

(B) the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Council; and

(C) the Council's recommendations for such legislation and administrative actions as the Council considers appropriate to promote the development of small business concerns owned and controlled by women.

(e) Form of transmittal

The information included in each report under subsection (d) that is described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of subsection (d)(6), shall be reported verbatim, together with any separate additional, concurring, or dissenting views of the Administrator.

(Pub. L. 100–533, title IV, §406, as added Pub. L. 103–403, title IV, §413, Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4195; amended Pub. L. 105–135, title III, §303, Dec. 2, 1997, 111 Stat. 2609.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 406 of Pub. L. 100–533, title IV, Oct. 25, 1988, 102 Stat. 2696, related to requirement of reports to the President and Congress by the National Women's Business Council, prior to the general amendment of title IV of Pub. L. 100–533 by Pub. L. 103–403.

Amendments

1997—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–135, §303(1), inserted "(through the Assistant Administrator of the Office of Women's Business Ownership)" after "Administrator".

Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 105–135, §303(2), added par. (6).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 105–135, §303(2), added subsec. (e).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Small Business of Senate changed to Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship of Senate. See Senate Resolution No. 123, One Hundred Seventh Congress, June 29, 2001.

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–135 effective Oct. 1, 1997, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–135, set out as a note under section 631 of this title.

1 So in original. Semicolon probably should be followed by "and".

2 So in original. Probably should be capitalized.
15 U.S.C. § 9701 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 121: FLOOD LEVEL OBSERVATION, OPERATIONS, AND DECISION SUPPORT / Section 9701: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1) Administrator

The term "Administrator" means the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

(2) State

The term "State" means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and any other territory or possession of the United States.

(Pub. L. 117–316, §2, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4406.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 117–316, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4406, known as the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 117–316, §1(a), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4406, provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter and amending sections 8513, 8514, 8515, and 8521 of this title] may be cited as the 'Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act' or the 'FLOODS Act'."
15 U.S.C. § 2461 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 51: NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE / Subchapter V: EVALUATION BY COMPTROLLER GENERAL / Section 2461: Audit, review, and evaluation
Audit, review, and evaluation
Status: in_force

(a) Audit, etc., by Comptroller General

The Comptroller General of the United States shall audit, review, and evaluate the implementation of the provisions of this chapter by the Center.

(b) Report to Congress; contents

Not less than thirty months nor more than thirty-six months after November 28, 1975, the Comptroller General shall prepare and submit to the Congress a report on his audit conducted pursuant to subsection (a), which shall contain, but not be limited to, the following:

(1) an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Center's activities;

(2) an evaluation of the effect of the activities of the Center on the efficiency, and effectiveness, of affected Federal agencies in carrying out their assigned functions and duties under this chapter; and

(3) recommendations concerning any legislation he deems necessary, and the reasons therefor, for improving the implementation of the objectives of this chapter as set forth in section 2402 of this title.

(Pub. L. 94–136, title V, §501, Nov. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 742.)
15 U.S.C. § 9032 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 116: CORONAVIRUS ECONOMIC STABILIZATION (CARES ACT) / Subchapter II: UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE PROVISIONS / Section 9032: Implementation
Implementation
Status: in_force

(a) Non-application of the Paperwork Reduction Act

Chapter 35 of title 44 (commonly referred to as the "Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995"),1 shall not apply to the provisions of, and the amendments made by, this subtitle.

(b) Operating instructions or other guidance

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Labor may issue any operating instructions or other guidance necessary to carry out the provisions of, or the amendments made by, this subtitle.

(Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title II, §2116, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 335.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subtitle, referred to in text, is subtitle A (§2101 et seq.) of title II of div. A of Pub. L. 116–136, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 313, known as the Relief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus Act. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9001 of this title and Tables.

1 So in original.
15 U.S.C. § 7263 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 98: PUBLIC COMPANY ACCOUNTING REFORM AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY / Subchapter IV: ENHANCED FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES / Section 7263: Exemption
Exemption
Status: in_force

Nothing in section 401, 402, or 404, the amendments made by those sections, or the rules of the Commission under those sections shall apply to any investment company registered under section 80a–8 of this title.

(Pub. L. 107–204, title IV, §405, July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 789.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Sections 401, 402, and 404, referred to in text, mean sections 401, 402, and 404 of Pub. L. 107–204. Section 401 enacted section 7261 of this title and amended section 78m of this title. Section 402 amended section 78m of this title. Section 404 enacted section 7262 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 717d (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 15B: NATURAL GAS / Section 717d: Fixing rates and charges; determination of cost of production or transportation
Fixing rates and charges; determination of cost of production or transportation
Status: in_force

(a) Decreases in rates

Whenever the Commission, after a hearing had upon its own motion or upon complaint of any State, municipality, State commission, or gas distributing company, shall find that any rate, charge, or classification demanded, observed, charged, or collected by any natural-gas company in connection with any transportation or sale of natural gas, subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, or that any rule, regulation, practice, or contract affecting such rate, charge, or classification is unjust, unreasonable, unduly discriminatory, or preferential, the Commission shall determine the just and reasonable rate, charge, classification, rule, regulation, practice, or contract to be thereafter observed and in force, and shall fix the same by order: Provided, however, That the Commission shall have no power to order any increase in any rate contained in the currently effective schedule of such natural gas company on file with the Commission, unless such increase is in accordance with a new schedule filed by such natural gas company; but the Commission may order a decrease where existing rates are unjust, unduly discriminatory, preferential, otherwise unlawful, or are not the lowest reasonable rates.

(b) Costs of production and transportation

The Commission upon its own motion, or upon the request of any State commission, whenever it can do so without prejudice to the efficient and proper conduct of its affairs, may investigate and determine the cost of the production or transportation of natural gas by a natural-gas company in cases where the Commission has no authority to establish a rate governing the transportation or sale of such natural gas.

(June 21, 1938, ch. 556, §5, 52 Stat. 823.)
15 U.S.C. § 8202 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 108: STATE-BASED INSURANCE REFORM / Subchapter I: NONADMITTED INSURANCE / Section 8202: Regulation of nonadmitted insurance by insured's home State
Regulation of nonadmitted insurance by insured's home State
Status: in_force

(a) Home State authority

Except as otherwise provided in this section, the placement of nonadmitted insurance shall be subject to the statutory and regulatory requirements solely of the insured's home State.

(b) Broker licensing

No State other than an insured's home State may require a surplus lines broker to be licensed in order to sell, solicit, or negotiate nonadmitted insurance with respect to such insured.

(c) Enforcement provision

With respect to section 8201 of this title and subsections (a) and (b) of this section, any law, regulation, provision, or action of any State that applies or purports to apply to nonadmitted insurance sold to, solicited by, or negotiated with an insured whose home State is another State shall be preempted with respect to such application.

(d) Workers' compensation exception

This section may not be construed to preempt any State law, rule, or regulation that restricts the placement of workers' compensation insurance or excess insurance for self-funded workers' compensation plans with a nonadmitted insurer.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title V, §522, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1590.)
15 U.S.C. § 3613 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 62: CONDOMINIUM AND COOPERATIVE CONVERSION PROTECTION AND ABUSE RELIEF / Section 3613: Limitation of actions
Limitation of actions
Status: in_force

No action shall be maintained to enforce any right or liability created by this chapter unless brought within six years after such cause of action accrued, except that an action pursuant to section 3608 of this title must be brought within four years after October 8, 1980.

(Pub. L. 96–399, title VI, §614, Oct. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1680.)
15 U.S.C. § 2213 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 49: FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL / Section 2213: Annual conference
Annual conference
Status: in_force

The Administrator is authorized to organize, or to participate in organizing, an annual conference on fire prevention and control. He may pay, in whole or in part, the cost of such conference and the expenses of some or all of the participants. All of the Nation's fire services shall be eligible to send representatives to each such conference to discuss, exchange ideas on, and participate in educational programs on new techniques in fire prevention and control. Such conferences shall be open to the public.

(Pub. L. 93–498, §14, Oct. 29, 1974, 88 Stat. 1544.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of all functions, personnel, assets, components, authorities, grant programs, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Under Secretary for Federal Emergency Management relating thereto, to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, see section 315(a)(1) of Title 6, Domestic Security.

For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see former section 313(1) and sections 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions of National Fire Prevention and Control Administration [now United States Fire Administration] and National Academy for Fire Prevention and Control generally transferred to Federal Emergency Management Agency. For further details see Transfer of Functions note set out under section 2202 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 2057a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 47: CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY / Section 2057a: Banning of butyl nitrite
Banning of butyl nitrite
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Except as provided in subsection (b), butyl nitrite shall be considered a banned hazardous product under section 2057 of this title.

(b) Lawful purposes

For the purposes of section 2057 of this title, it shall not be unlawful for any person to manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribute in commerce, or import into the United States butyl nitrite for any commercial purpose or any other purpose approved under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.].

(c) Definitions

For purposes of this section:

(1) The term "butyl nitrite" includes n-butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, secondary butyl nitrite, tertiary butyl nitrite, and mixtures containing these chemicals.

(2) The term "commercial purpose" means any commercial purpose other than for the production of consumer products containing butyl nitrite that may be used for inhaling or otherwise introducing butyl nitrite into the human body for euphoric or physical effects.

(d) Effective date

This section shall take effect 90 days after November 18, 1988.

(Pub. L. 100–690, title II, §2404, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4231.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 675, 52 Stat. 1040, which is classified generally to chapter 9 (§301 et seq.) of Title 21, Food and Drugs. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 301 of Title 21 and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, and not as part of the Consumer Product Safety Act which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 7234 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 98: PUBLIC COMPANY ACCOUNTING REFORM AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY / Subchapter II: AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE / Section 7234: Considerations by appropriate State regulatory authorities
Considerations by appropriate State regulatory authorities
Status: in_force

In supervising nonregistered public accounting firms and their associated persons, appropriate State regulatory authorities should make an independent determination of the proper standards applicable, particularly taking into consideration the size and nature of the business of the accounting firms they supervise and the size and nature of the business of the clients of those firms. The standards applied by the Board under this Act should not be presumed to be applicable for purposes of this section for small and medium sized nonregistered public accounting firms.

(Pub. L. 107–204, title II, §209, July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 775.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 107–204, July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 745, known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 6410 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 90: PROPANE EDUCATION AND RESEARCH / Section 6410: Relation to other programs
Relation to other programs
Status: in_force

Nothing in this chapter may be construed to preempt or supersede any other program relating to propane education and research organized and operated under the laws of the United States or any State.

(Pub. L. 104–284, §11, Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3375.)
15 U.S.C. § 6155 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 87A: NATIONAL DO-NOT-CALL REGISTRY / Section 6155: Prohibition of expiration date
Prohibition of expiration date
Status: in_force

(a) No automatic removal of numbers

Telephone numbers registered on the national "do-not-call" registry of the Telemarketing Sales Rule (16 CFR 310.4(b)(1)(iii)) since the establishment of the registry and telephone numbers registered on such registry after March 11, 2003, shall not be removed from such registry except as provided for in subsection (b) or upon the request of the individual to whom the telephone number is assigned.

(b) Removal of invalid, disconnected, and reassigned telephone numbers

The Federal Trade Commission shall periodically check telephone numbers registered on the national "do-not-call" registry against national or other appropriate databases and shall remove from such registry those telephone numbers that have been disconnected and reassigned. Nothing in this section prohibits the Federal Trade Commission from removing invalid telephone numbers from the registry at any time.

(Pub. L. 108–10, §5, as added Pub. L. 110–187, §2, Feb. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 633.)
15 U.S.C. § 637d (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 14A: AID TO SMALL BUSINESS / Section 637d: Subcontracting plan reports
Subcontracting plan reports
Status: in_force

(1) Reporting requirements

Not later than 1 year after January 2, 2013, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall take such actions as are necessary to ensure that the electronic subcontracting reporting system established by the Administration to carry out the requirement of section 637(d)(6)(E) of this title is modified to ensure that it can identify entities that fail to submit required reports.

(2) Annual report

Not later than March 31 of each year, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall provide the Committee on Small Business of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship of the Senate a report, based on data available through existing systems, that sets forth, by agency (and to the extent practicable, by type of goal or plan), the following information:

(A) the percentage of entities required to submit reports pursuant to section 637(d)(6) of this title that filed such reports and that failed to file such reports during the prior fiscal year;

(B) the percentage of entities filing such reports that met, exceeded, or failed to meet goals set forth in their subcontracting plans during the prior fiscal year; and

(C) the aggregate value by which such entities exceeded, or failed to meet, their subcontracting goals during the prior fiscal year.

(Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title XVI, §1653(b), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2082.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, and not as part of the Small Business Act which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 4631 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 72: SEMICONDUCTOR RESEARCH / Subchapter II: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH EXCELLENCE INITIATIVE / Section 4631: Technology transfer
Technology transfer
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Energy shall adopt procedures to provide for timely and efficient transfer of semiconductor technology developed under the Initiative pursuant to applicable laws, Executive orders, and regulations.

(b) Plan for commercialization enhancement

(1) Not later than one year after the date on which funds are first appropriated to conduct the Initiative, the Secretary of Energy shall transmit to the committees of Congress named in paragraph (2) a plan for the transfer of semiconductor technology and information generated by the Initiative.

(2) The committees of Congress referred to in paragraph (1) are the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.

(Pub. L. 100–180, div. C, title I, §3151, Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1244; Pub. L. 103–437, §5(b)(6), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4582.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–437 substituted "Committee on Science, Space, and Technology" for "Committee on Science and Technology".
15 U.S.C. § 8563 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 111: WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING INNOVATION / Subchapter IV: IMPROVING FEDERAL PRECIPITATION INFORMATION / Section 8563: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

In this subchapter:

(1) Administrator

The term "Administrator" means the Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

(2) National Academies

The term "National Academies" means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

(3) United States

The term "United States" means, collectively, each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and any other territory or possession of the United States.

(Pub. L. 115–25, title VI, §603, as added Pub. L. 117–229, div. D, §2(a), Dec. 16, 2022, 136 Stat. 2315.)
15 U.S.C. § 3 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 1: MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE / Section 3: Trusts in Territories or District of Columbia illegal; combination a felony
Trusts in Territories or District of Columbia illegal; combination a felony
Status: in_force

(a) Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or in restraint of trade or commerce between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia and any State or States or foreign nations, is declared illegal. Every person who shall make any such contract or engage in any such combination or conspiracy, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.

(b) Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia, and any State or States or foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.

(July 2, 1890, ch. 647, §3, 26 Stat. 209; July 7, 1955, ch. 281, 69 Stat. 282; Pub. L. 93–528, §3, Dec. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 1708; Pub. L. 101–588, §4(c), Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2880; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title IV, §14102(b), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1921; Pub. L. 108–237, title II, §215(c), June 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 668.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2004—Pub. L. 108–237, which directed the substitution of "$100,000,000" for "$10,000,000", "$1,000,000" for "$350,000", and "10" for "three", was executed by making each substitution in both subsecs. (a) and (b) to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2002—Pub. L. 107–273 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

1990—Pub. L. 101–588 substituted "$10,000,000" for "one million dollars" and "$350,000" for "one hundred thousand dollars".

1974—Pub. L. 93–528 substituted "a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding one million dollars if a corporation, or, if any other person, one hundred thousand dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding three years" for "a misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding one year".

1955—Act July 7, 1955, substituted "fifty thousand dollars" for "five thousand".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title IV, §14103, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1922, provided that:

"(a) Effective Date.—Except as provided in subsection (b), this subtitle [probably means this title, amending this section and sections 12, 27, and 44 of this title, section 225 of Title 7, Agriculture, section 1413 of Title 30, Mineral Lands and Mining, and section 2135 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 30 and 31 of this title, enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1 of this title, amending provisions set out as notes under sections 1 and 8 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as notes under section 15 of this title and section 41309 of Title 49, Transportation] and the amendments made by this subtitle shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 2, 2002].

"(b) Application to Cases.—(1) Section 14102(f) [repealing section 30 of this title] shall apply to cases pending on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

"(2) The amendments made by subsections (a), (b), and (c) of section 14102 [amending this section and sections 12 and 44 of this title, section 225 of Title 7, Agriculture, section 1413 of Title 30, Mineral Lands and Mining, and section 2135 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing section 31 of this title, amending provisions set out as a note under section 8 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 15 of this title] shall apply only with respect to cases commenced on or after the date of enactment of this Act."
15 U.S.C. § 9801 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 122: TRAVEL AND TOURISM / Section 9801: Defined term
Defined term
Status: in_force

In this title,1 the term "COVID–19 public health emergency"—

(1) means the public health emergency first declared on January 31, 2020, by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under section 247d of title 42 with respect to COVID–19; and

(2) includes any renewal of such declaration pursuant to such section 247d of title 42.

(Pub. L. 117–328, div. BB, title VI, §600, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5566.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in text, is title VI of div. BB of Pub. L. 117–328, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5566. Section 600 and subtitle A (§§601–609) of title VI enacted this chapter, amended section 1546 of this title, enacted provisions set out as notes under this section and section 9802 of this title, amended provisions set out as a note under section 2171 of Title 19, Customs Duties, and amended Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1979, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Subtitle B (§611) of title VI is not classified to the Code. For complete classification of title VI to the Code, see Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title of 2022 Amendment

Pub. L. 117–328, div. BB, title VI, §601, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5566, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle A (§§601–609) of title VI of div. BB of Pub. L. 117–328, enacting sections 9802 to 9805 of this title, amending section 1546 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 9802 of this title, amending provisions set out as notes under section 2171 of Title 19, Customs Duties, and amended Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1979, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees] may be cited as the 'Visit America Act'."

Completion of Proceeding

Pub. L. 117–328, div. BB, title VI, §609, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5570, provided that: "If the Secretary of Commerce, before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 2022], has taken any action that, in whole or in part, implements this title [see References in Text note above] or the amendments made by this title, the Secretary is not required to revisit such action to the extent such action is consistent with this title and the amendments made by this title."

1 See References in Text note below.
15 U.S.C. § 2223e (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 49: FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL / Section 2223e: "Emergency response personnel" defined
"Emergency response personnel" defined
Status: in_force

As used in sections 2223a to 2223e of this title, the term "emergency response personnel" means personnel responsible for mitigation activities in a medical emergency, fire emergency, hazardous material emergency, or natural disaster.

(Pub. L. 101–446, §6, Oct. 22, 1990, 104 Stat. 1046.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Firefighters' Safety Study Act, and not as part of the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974 which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 4201 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 68: LAND REMOTE-SENSING COMMERCIALIZATION / Subchapter I: DECLARATION OF FINDINGS, PURPOSES, AND POLICIES / Section 4201: Repealed. Pub. L. 102-555, §4, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4166
Repealed. Pub. L. 102-555, §4, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4166
Status: repealed

Section 4201, Pub. L. 98–365, title I, §101, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 451, related to Congressional findings for chapter.

Section 4202, Pub. L. 98–365, title I, §102, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 452, related to Congressional declaration of purpose of chapter.

Section 4203, Pub. L. 98–365, title I, §103, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 452, related to Federal policy concerning acquisition and dissemination of remote-sensing data, availability of civilian unenhanced remote-sensing data, and commercialization of remote-sensing space systems with governmental retention of essentially public service functions.

Section 4204, Pub. L. 98–365, title I, §104, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 452, related to definitions for chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 98–365, §1, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 451, which provided that such Act was to be cited as the "Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act of 1984", was repealed by Pub. L. 102–555, §4, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4166.
15 U.S.C. § 4628 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 72: SEMICONDUCTOR RESEARCH / Subchapter II: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH EXCELLENCE INITIATIVE / Section 4628: Department of Energy oversight of cooperative agreements relating to Initiative
Department of Energy oversight of cooperative agreements relating to Initiative
Status: in_force

(a) Provisions relating to disapproval and modification of agreements

If the Secretary of Energy desires an opportunity to disapprove or require the modification of any agreement under section 4627 of this title, the agreement shall provide a 90-day period within which such action may be taken, beginning on the date the agreement is submitted to the Secretary.

(b) Record of agreements

Each national laboratory shall maintain a record of all agreements entered into under this section.

(Pub. L. 100–180, div. C, title I, §3148, Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1244.)
15 U.S.C. § 1362 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 37: STATE TECHNICAL SERVICES / Section 1362: Rules and regulations
Rules and regulations
Status: in_force

The Secretary is authorized to establish such policies, standards, criteria, and procedures and to prescribe such rules and regulations as he may deem necessary or appropriate for the administration of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 89–182, §12, Sept. 14, 1965, 79 Stat. 683.)
15 U.S.C. § 76 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2: FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION; PROMOTION OF EXPORT TRADE AND PREVENTION OF UNFAIR METHODS OF COMPETITION / Subchapter VI: PREVENTION OF UNFAIR METHODS OF COMPETITION / Section 76: Retaliation against restriction of importations in time of war
Retaliation against restriction of importations in time of war
Status: in_force

Whenever, during the existence of a war in which the United States is not engaged, the President shall be satisfied that there is reasonable ground to believe that under the laws, regulations, or practices of any country, colony, or dependency contrary to the law and practice of nations, the importation into their own or any other country, dependency, or colony of any article the product of the soil or industry of the United States and not injurious to health or morals is prevented or restricted the President is authorized and empowered to prohibit or restrict during the period such prohibition or restriction is in force, the importation into the United States of similar or other articles, products of such country, dependency, or colony as in his opinion the public interest may require; and in such case he shall make proclamation stating the article or articles which are prohibited from importation into the United States; and any person or persons who shall import, or attempt or conspire to import, or be concerned in importing, such article or articles, into the United States contrary to the prohibition in such proclamation, shall be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 nor more than $50,000, or to imprisonment not to exceed two years, or both, in the discretion of the court. The President may change, modify, revoke, or renew such proclamation in his discretion.

(Sept. 8, 1916, ch. 463, title VIII, §805, 39 Stat. 799.)
15 U.S.C. § 1633 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE / Section 1633: Exemption for State-regulated transactions
Exemption for State-regulated transactions
Status: in_force

The Bureau shall by regulation exempt from the requirements of this part any class of credit transactions within any State if it determines that under the law of that State that class of transactions is subject to requirements substantially similar to those imposed under this part, and that there is adequate provision for enforcement.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, §123, May 29, 1968, 82 Stat. 152; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1100A(2), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2107.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Pub. L. 111–203 substituted "Bureau" for "Board".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
15 U.S.C. § 1293 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 32: TELECASTING OF PROFESSIONAL SPORTS CONTESTS / Section 1293: Intercollegiate and interscholastic football contest limitations
Intercollegiate and interscholastic football contest limitations
Status: in_force

The first sentence of section 1291 of this title shall not apply to any joint agreement described in such section which permits the telecasting of all or a substantial part of any professional football game on any Friday after six o'clock postmeridian or on any Saturday during the period beginning on the second Friday in September and ending on the second Saturday in December in any year from any telecasting station located within seventy-five miles of the game site of any intercollegiate or interscholastic football contest scheduled to be played on such a date if—

(1) such intercollegiate football contest is between institutions of higher learning both of which confer degrees upon students following completion of sufficient credit hours to equal a four-year course, or

(2) in the case of an interscholastic football contest, such contest is between secondary schools, both of which are accredited or certified under the laws of the State or States in which they are situated and offer courses continuing through the twelfth grade of the standard school curriculum, or the equivalent, and

(3) such intercollegiate or interscholastic football contest and such game site were announced through publication in a newspaper of general circulation prior to August 1 of such year as being regularly scheduled for such day and place.

(Pub. L. 87–331, §3, Sept. 30, 1961, 75 Stat. 732; Pub. L. 89–800, §6(b)(3), Nov. 8, 1966, 80 Stat. 1515.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1966—Pub. L. 89–800 substituted "The first sentence of section 1291 of this title" for "Section 1291 of this title" at beginning of section, extended limitation granted for football contests on game sites located within 75 miles of telecasting stations to include interscholastic contests, redesignated cl. (2) as (3), added a new cl. (2), and, in cl. (3) as so redesignated, substituted "newspaper of general circulation prior to August 1" for "daily newspaper of general circulation prior to March 1" as description of the type newspaper required for the announcement of the game site of intercollegiate or interscholastic football games.
15 U.S.C. § 231 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 6: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND STANDARD TIME / Subchapter VI: STANDARD BARRELS / Section 231: Standard barrel for apples; steel barrels
Standard barrel for apples; steel barrels
Status: in_force

The standard barrel for apples shall be of the following dimensions when measured without distention of its parts: Length of stave, twenty-eight and one-half inches; diameter of head, seventeen and one-eighth inches; distance between heads, twenty-six inches; circumference of bulge, sixty-four inches outside measurement, representing as nearly as possible seven thousand and fifty-six cubic inches: Provided, That steel barrels containing the interior dimensions provided for in this section shall be construed as a compliance therewith.

(Aug. 3, 1912, ch. 273, §1, 37 Stat. 250.)
15 U.S.C. § 278o (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 7: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY / Section 278o: User fees
User fees
Status: in_force

The Institute shall not implement a policy of charging fees with respect to the use of Institute research facilities by research associates in the absence of express statutory authority to charge such fees.

(Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, §30, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title V, §5161, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1450.)
15 U.S.C. § 7902 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 105: PROTECTION OF LAWFUL COMMERCE IN ARMS / Section 7902: Prohibition on bringing of qualified civil liability actions in Federal or State court
Prohibition on bringing of qualified civil liability actions in Federal or State court
Status: in_force

(a) In general

A qualified civil liability action may not be brought in any Federal or State court.

(b) Dismissal of pending actions

A qualified civil liability action that is pending on October 26, 2005, shall be immediately dismissed by the court in which the action was brought or is currently pending.

(Pub. L. 109–92, §3, Oct. 26, 2005, 119 Stat. 2096.)
15 U.S.C. § 1177 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 24: TRANSPORTATION OF GAMBLING DEVICES / Section 1177: Confiscation of gambling devices and means of transportation; laws governing
Confiscation of gambling devices and means of transportation; laws governing
Status: in_force

Any gambling device transported, delivered, shipped, manufactured, reconditioned, repaired, sold, disposed of, received, possessed, or used in violation of the provisions of this chapter shall be seized and forfeited to the United States. All provisions of law relating to the seizure, summary and judicial forfeiture, and condemnation of vessels, vehicles, merchandise, and baggage for violation of the customs laws; the disposition of such vessels, vehicles, merchandise, and baggage or the proceeds from the sale thereof; the remission or mitigation of such forfeitures; and the compromise of claims and the award of compensation to informers in respect of such forfeitures shall apply to seizures and forfeitures incurred, or alleged to have been incurred, under the provisions of this chapter, insofar as applicable and not inconsistent with the provisions hereof: Provided, That such duties as are imposed upon the collector of customs or any other person with respect to the seizure and forfeiture of vessels, vehicles, merchandise, and baggage under the customs laws shall be performed with respect to seizures and forfeitures of gambling devices under this chapter by such officers, agents, or other persons as may be authorized or designated for that purpose by the Attorney General.

(Jan. 2, 1951, ch. 1194, §7, 64 Stat. 1135.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Offices of collector of customs, comptroller of customs, surveyor of customs, and appraiser of merchandise in Bureau of Customs of Department of the Treasury to which appointments were required to be made by President with advice and consent of Senate ordered abolished with such offices to be terminated not later than Dec. 31, 1966, by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1965, eff. May 25, 1965, 30 F.R. 7035, 79 Stat. 1317, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Functions of offices eliminated were already vested in Secretary of the Treasury by Reorg. Plan No. 26 of 1950, eff. July 31, 1950, 15 F.R. 4935, 64 Stat. 1280, set out in the Appendix to Title 5.
15 U.S.C. § 2411 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 51: NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE / Subchapter II: NATIONAL CENTER FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE / Section 2411: Establishment
Establishment
Status: in_force

There is hereby established as an independent establishment of the executive branch of the Government the National Center for Productivity and Quality of Working Life.

(Pub. L. 94–136, title II, §201, Nov. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 735.)
15 U.S.C. § 2906 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 56: NATIONAL CLIMATE PROGRAM / Section 2906: Annual report
Annual report
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the President and the authorizing committees of the Congress, not later than March 31 of each year, a report on the activities conducted pursuant to this chapter during the preceding fiscal year, including—

(a) a summary of the achievements of the Program during the previous fiscal year;

(b) an analysis of the progress made toward achieving the goals and objectives of the Program;

(c) a copy of the 5-year plan and any changes made in such plan;

(d) a summary of the multiagency budget request for the Program of section 2904(g) of this title; and

(e) any recommendations for additional legislation which may be required to assist in achieving the purposes of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 95–367, §7, Sept. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 604; Pub. L. 97–375, title II, §202(b), Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1822.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1982—Pub. L. 97–375 substituted "March 31" for "January 30".
15 U.S.C. § 3716 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 63: TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION / Section 3716: Critical industries
Critical industries
Status: in_force

(a) Identification of industries and development of plan

The Secretary shall—

(1) identify those civilian industries in the United States that are necessary to support a robust manufacturing infrastructure and critical to the economic security of the United States; and

(2) list the major research and development initiatives being undertaken, and the substantial investments being made, by the Federal Government, including its research laboratories, in each of the critical industries identified under paragraph (1).

(b) Initial report

The Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress within 1 year after February 14, 1992, on the actions taken under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 102–245, title V, §504, Feb. 14, 1992, 106 Stat. 24.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Subsec. (c) of this section, which required the Secretary to annually submit to Congress an update of the report submitted under subsec. (b) of this section, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 52 of House Document No. 103–7.

Section was enacted as part of the American Technology Preeminence Act of 1991, and not as part of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 714i (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 15: ECONOMIC RECOVERY / Subchapter II: COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION / Section 714i: Cooperation with other governmental agencies
Cooperation with other governmental agencies
Status: in_force

The Corporation may, with the consent of the agency concerned, accept and utilize, on a compensated or uncompensated basis, the officers, employees, services, facilities, and information of any agency of the Federal Government, including any bureau, office, administration, or other agency of the Department of Agriculture, and of any State, the District of Columbia, any Territory or possession, or any political subdivision thereof. The Corporation may allot to any bureau, office, administration, or other agency of the Department of Agriculture or transfer to such other agencies as it may request to assist it in the conduct of its business any of the funds available to it for administrative expenses. The personnel and facilities of the Corporation may, with the consent of the Corporation, be utilized on a reimbursable basis by any agency of the Federal Government, including any bureau, office, administration, or other agency of the Department of Agriculture, in the performance of any part or all of the functions of such agency. After September 30, 1996, the total amount of all allotments and fund transfers from the Corporation under this section (including allotments and transfers for automated data processing or information resource management activities but excluding any amounts used to provide technical assistance under title X of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 or an amendment made by that title) for a fiscal year may not exceed the total amount of the allotments and transfers made under this section in fiscal year 1995.

(June 29, 1948, ch. 704, §11, 62 Stat. 1073; Pub. L. 104–127, title I, §161(b)(2), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 934; Pub. L. 115–334, title X, §10112, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4908.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 115–334, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4490. Title X of the Act enacted subchapter VII of chapter 38 and sections 1627c and 6521a of Title 7, Agriculture, amended this section and sections 136a, 1622b, 1632a, 1632b, 2204h, 2207b, 2276, 2401, 2402, 2541, 2568, 3003, 5925c, 6502, 6514, 6515, 6518, 6519, 6521–6523, and 7655a of Title 7, repealed sections 3005 and 3006 of Title 7, enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 1627c, 1639o, 6503, and 6521a of Title 7, and amended provisions set out as a note under section 1621 of Title 7. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 9001 of Title 7 and Tables.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–334 inserted "but excluding any amounts used to provide technical assistance under title X of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 or an amendment made by that title" after "activities".

1996—Pub. L. 104–127 inserted at end "After September 30, 1996, the total amount of all allotments and fund transfers from the Corporation under this section (including allotments and transfers for automated data processing or information resource management activities) for a fiscal year may not exceed the total amount of the allotments and transfers made under this section in fiscal year 1995."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Clarification of Use of Funds for Technical Assistance

Pub. L. 113–79, title X, §10017, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 953, provided that: "In the case of each program established or amended by this title [title X of Pub. L. 113–79, see Tables for classification] that is authorized or required to be carried out using funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the use of those funds to provide technical assistance shall not be considered an allotment or fund transfer from the Commodity Credit Corporation for purposes of the limit on expenditures for technical assistance imposed by section 11 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 U.S.C. 714i)."

Executive Documents

Exceptions From Transfer of Functions

For exception of functions of corporations of Department of Agriculture from transfer of functions to Secretary of Agriculture by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1953, see Exceptions From Transfer of Functions note set out under section 712a of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 657m (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 14A: AID TO SMALL BUSINESS / Section 657m: Plans to secure sufficient office space
Plans to secure sufficient office space
Status: in_force

(a) Plans required

The Administrator shall develop long-term plans to secure sufficient office space to accommodate an expanded workforce in times of disaster.

(b) Report

The Administrator shall include a report on the plans developed under subsection (a) each time the Administration submits a report required under section 657o of this title.

(Pub. L. 85–536, §2[41], as added Pub. L. 110–234, title XII, §12076, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1415, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XII, §12076, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2177.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
15 U.S.C. § 2662 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 53: TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL / Subchapter III: INDOOR RADON ABATEMENT / Section 2662: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter:

(1) The term "local educational agency" means—

(A) any local educational agency as defined in section 7801 of title 20;

(B) the owner of any nonprofit elementary or secondary school building; and

(C) the governing authority of any school operated pursuant to section 241 of title 20, as in effect before enactment of the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994, or successor authority, relating to impact aid for children who reside on Federal property.

(2) The term "nonprofit elementary or secondary school" has the meaning given such term by section 2642(8) 1 of this title.

(3) The term "radon" means the radioactive gaseous element and its short-lived decay products produced by the disintegration of the element radium occurring in air, water, soil, or other media.

(4) The term "school building" has the meaning given such term by section 2642(13) of this title.

(Pub. L. 94–469, title III, §302, as added Pub. L. 100–551, §1(a), Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2755; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title III, §391(c)(4), 392(b)(2), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4022, 4026; Pub. L. 107–110, title X, §1076(f)(2), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 2091; Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §9215(xxx)(2), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2191.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 241 of title 20, as in effect before enactment of the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994, referred to in par. (1)(C), means section 241 of Title 20, Education, prior to its repeal by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, §331(b), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3965.

Amendments

2015—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 114–95 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7801 of title 20.

2002—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 107–110 substituted "7801" for "8801".

1994—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 103–382, §391(c)(4)(A), made technical amendment to reference to section 8801 of title 20 to reflect change in reference to corresponding section of original act.

Par. (1)(C). Pub. L. 103–382 directed two separate amendments of par. (1)(C), the first, by section 391(c)(4)(B) of Pub. L. 103–382, directed the insertion of "or successor authority" immediately after "section 241 of title 20", the second, by section 392(b)(2) of Pub. L. 103–382, directed the insertion (without reference to the first amendment) of "as in effect before enactment of the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994" immediately after "section 241 of title 20,". Literal execution of the second amendment was not possible, as "section 241 of title 20," was amended to read "section 241 of title 20 or successor authority," by the first amendment. Commas were editorially inserted before and after the phrase added by the second amendment and it was inserted immediately after "section 241 of title 20" to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of Title 20, Education.

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–110 effective Jan. 8, 2002, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 107–110, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6301 of Title 20, Education.

1 So in original. Probably should be section "2642(9)".
15 U.S.C. § 7709 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 103: CONTROLLING THE ASSAULT OF NON-SOLICITED PORNOGRAPHY AND MARKETING / Section 7709: Study of effects of commercial electronic mail
Study of effects of commercial electronic mail
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Not later than 24 months after December 16, 2003, the Commission, in consultation with the Department of Justice and other appropriate agencies, shall submit a report to the Congress that provides a detailed analysis of the effectiveness and enforcement of the provisions of this chapter and the need (if any) for the Congress to modify such provisions.

(b) Required analysis

The Commission shall include in the report required by subsection (a)—

(1) an analysis of the extent to which technological and marketplace developments, including changes in the nature of the devices through which consumers access their electronic mail messages, may affect the practicality and effectiveness of the provisions of this chapter;

(2) analysis and recommendations concerning how to address commercial electronic mail that originates in or is transmitted through or to facilities or computers in other nations, including initiatives or policy positions that the Federal Government could pursue through international negotiations, fora, organizations, or institutions; and

(3) analysis and recommendations concerning options for protecting consumers, including children, from the receipt and viewing of commercial electronic mail that is obscene or pornographic.

(Pub. L. 108–187, §10, Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2716.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b)(1), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 108–187, Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2699, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7701 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Jan. 1, 2004, see section 16 of Pub. L. 108–187, set out as a note under section 7701 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 6003 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 86: CHILDREN'S BICYCLE HELMET SAFETY / Section 6003: Report to Congress
Report to Congress
Status: in_force

Not later than May 1, 1997, the Administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration shall report to Congress on the effectiveness of the grant program established by section 6001 of this title. The report shall include a list of grant recipients, a summary of the types of programs implemented by the grantees, and any recommendation by the Administrator regarding how the program should be changed in the future.

(Pub. L. 103–267, title II, §204, June 16, 1994, 108 Stat. 727.)
15 U.S.C. § 4261 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 68: LAND REMOTE-SENSING COMMERCIALIZATION / Subchapter V: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT / Section 4261: Repealed. Pub. L. 102-555, §4, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4166
Repealed. Pub. L. 102-555, §4, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4166
Status: repealed

Section 4261, Pub. L. 98–365, title V, §501, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 461, related to continued Federal remote-sensing research and development.

Section 4262, Pub. L. 98–365, title V, §502, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 462; Pub. L. 100–147, title III, §306, Oct. 30, 1987, 101 Stat. 876, related to remote-sensing research and development activities of Federal agencies.

Section 4263, Pub. L. 98–365, title V, §503, July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 463, related to sale of experimental data.

Section 4264, Pub. L. 98–365, title V, §504, as added Pub. L. 100–147, title III, §307, Oct. 30, 1987, 101 Stat. 877, related to remote-sensing research and development activities of system operators.
15 U.S.C. § 313b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 9: NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE / Section 313b: Institute for Aviation Weather Prediction
Institute for Aviation Weather Prediction
Status: in_force

The Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall establish an Institute for Aviation Weather Prediction. The Institute shall provide forecasts, weather warnings, and other weather services to the United States aviation community. The Institute shall expand upon the activities of the aviation unit currently at the National Severe Storms Forecast Center in Kansas City, Missouri, and shall be established in the Kansas City 1 Missouri 1 area. The Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall provide a full and fair opportunity for employees at the National Severe Storms Center to assume comparable duties and responsibilities within the Institute.

(Pub. L. 102–588, title II, §222, Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5119.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Similar Provisions

Similar provisions were contained in Pub. L. 102–567, title I, §112, Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4278.

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.
15 U.S.C. § 1507b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 40: DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / Section 1507b: Assistant Secretary of Commerce; appointment; compensation; duties
Assistant Secretary of Commerce; appointment; compensation; duties
Status: in_force

There shall be in the Department of Commerce, in addition to the Assistant Secretaries provided by law as of November 12, 1977, one additional Assistant Secretary of Commerce who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Such Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties as the Secretary of Commerce shall prescribe.

(Pub. L. 95–173, §9(a), Nov. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 1360; Pub. L. 97–195, §1(c)(4), June 16, 1982, 96 Stat. 115.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1982—Pub. L. 97–195 substituted "Such Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties" for "Such Assistant Secretary shall receive compensation at the rate prescribed by law for Assistant Secretaries of Commerce, and shall perform such duties".
15 U.S.C. § 690i (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 14B: SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT PROGRAM / Subchapter III: INVESTMENT DIVISION PROGRAMS / Section 690i: Bank participation
Bank participation
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Except as provided in subsection (b), any national bank, any member bank of the Federal Reserve System, and (to the extent permitted under applicable State law) any insured bank that is not a member of such system, may invest in any Renewable Fuel Capital Investment company, or in any entity established to invest solely in Renewable Fuel Capital Investment companies.

(b) Limitation

No bank described in subsection (a) may make investments described in such subsection that are greater than 5 percent of the capital and surplus of the bank.

(Pub. L. 85–699, title III, §390, as added Pub. L. 110–140, title XII, §1207, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1782.)
15 U.S.C. § 713b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 15: ECONOMIC RECOVERY / Subchapter I: GENERALLY / Section 713b: Repealed. July 31, 1945, ch. 341, §10, 59 Stat. 529
Repealed. July 31, 1945, ch. 341, §10, 59 Stat. 529
Status: repealed

Section, acts Jan. 31, 1935, ch. 2, §9, 49 Stat. 4; Jan. 26, 1937, ch. 6, §2(a), 50 Stat. 5; Mar. 4, 1939, ch. 5, §1(b), (c), 53 Stat. 510; Mar. 2, 1940, ch. 34, 54 Stat. 38; Sept. 26, 1940, ch. 734, §3, 54 Stat. 962, related to the Export-Import Bank of Washington, its continuation of existence, and its powers. See chapter 6A (§635 et seq.) of Title 12, Banks and Banking.

Section was also repealed by act June 30, 1947, ch. 166, title II, §206(m), 61 Stat. 208.

Section 10 of act July 31, 1945, which repealed this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–429, title I, §121(c)(1), Oct. 21, 1992, 106 Stat. 2199.

Executive Documents

Dissolution of Second Export-Import Bank of Washington, D.C.

Ex. Ord. No. 7365, May 7, 1936, 1 F.R. 372, dissolved said Bank on June 30, 1936, and provided that all remaining funds be covered into United States Treasury as miscellaneous receipts and all records transferred to Export-Import Bank of Washington.
15 U.S.C. § 1692b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter V: DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES / Section 1692b: Acquisition of location information
Acquisition of location information
Status: in_force

Any debt collector communicating with any person other than the consumer for the purpose of acquiring location information about the consumer shall—

(1) identify himself, state that he is confirming or correcting location information concerning the consumer, and, only if expressly requested, identify his employer;

(2) not state that such consumer owes any debt;

(3) not communicate with any such person more than once unless requested to do so by such person or unless the debt collector reasonably believes that the earlier response of such person is erroneous or incomplete and that such person now has correct or complete location information;

(4) not communicate by post card;

(5) not use any language or symbol on any envelope or in the contents of any communication effected by the mails or telegram that indicates that the debt collector is in the debt collection business or that the communication relates to the collection of a debt; and

(6) after the debt collector knows the consumer is represented by an attorney with regard to the subject debt and has knowledge of, or can readily ascertain, such attorney's name and address, not communicate with any person other than that attorney, unless the attorney fails to respond within a reasonable period of time to communication from the debt collector.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title VIII, §804, as added Pub. L. 95–109, Sept. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 876.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective upon the expiration of six months after Sept. 20, 1977, see section 819 of Pub. L. 90–321, as added by Pub. L. 95–109, set out as a note under section 1692 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 7603 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 102: FAIRNESS TO CONTACT LENS CONSUMERS / Section 7603: Prescriber verification
Prescriber verification
Status: in_force

(a) Prescription requirement

A seller may sell contact lenses only in accordance with a contact lens prescription for the patient that is—

(1) presented to the seller by the patient or prescriber directly or by facsimile; or

(2) verified by direct communication.

(b) Record requirement

A seller shall maintain a record of all direct communications referred to in subsection (a).

(c) Information

When seeking verification of a contact lens prescription, a seller shall provide the prescriber with the following information:

(1) Patient's full name and address.

(2) Contact lens power, manufacturer, base curve or appropriate designation, and diameter when appropriate.

(3) Quantity of lenses ordered.

(4) Date of patient request.

(5) Date and time of verification request.

(6) Name of contact person at seller's company, including facsimile and telephone number.

(d) Verification events

A prescription is verified under this chapter only if one of the following occurs:

(1) The prescriber confirms the prescription is accurate by direct communication with the seller.

(2) The prescriber informs the seller that the prescription is inaccurate and provides the accurate prescription.

(3) The prescriber fails to communicate with the seller within 8 business hours, or a similar time as defined by the Federal Trade Commission, after receiving from the seller the information described in subsection (c).

(e) Invalid prescription

If a prescriber informs a seller before the deadline under subsection (d)(3) that the contact lens prescription is inaccurate, expired, or otherwise invalid, the seller shall not fill the prescription. The prescriber shall specify the basis for the inaccuracy or invalidity of the prescription. If the prescription communicated by the seller to the prescriber is inaccurate, the prescriber shall correct it.

(f) No alteration

A seller may not alter a contact lens prescription. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if the same contact lens is manufactured by the same company and sold under multiple labels to individual providers, the seller may fill the prescription with a contact lens manufactured by that company under another label.

(g) Direct communication

As used in this section, the term "direct communication" includes communication by telephone, facsimile, or electronic mail.

(Pub. L. 108–164, §4, Dec. 6, 2003, 117 Stat. 2024.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 60 days after Dec. 6, 2003, see section 12 of Pub. L. 108–164, set out as a note under section 7601 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 2511 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 52: ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION / Section 2511: Patents
Patents
Status: in_force

Section 5908 of title 42 shall apply to any contract (including any assignment, substitution of parties, or subcontract thereunder), entered into, made, or issued by the Secretary of Energy pursuant to section 2507 of this title.

(Pub. L. 94–413, §12, Sept. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 1269; Pub. L. 95–91, title III, §301(a), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 577.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

"Secretary of Energy" substituted in text for "Administrator" pursuant to section 301(a) of Pub. L. 95–91, see Codification note set out under section 2502 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 717t (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 15B: NATURAL GAS / Section 717t: General penalties
General penalties
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who willfully and knowingly does or causes or suffers to be done any act, matter, or thing in this chapter prohibited or declared to be unlawful, or who willfully and knowingly omits or fails to do any act, matter, or thing in this chapter required to be done, or willfully and knowingly causes or suffers such omission or failure, shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000,000 or by imprisonment for not more than 5 years, or both.

(b) Any person who willfully and knowingly violates any rule, regulation, restriction, condition, or order made or imposed by the Commission under authority of this chapter, shall, in addition to any other penalties provided by law, be punished upon conviction thereof by a fine of not exceeding $50,000 for each and every day during which such offense occurs.

(June 21, 1938, ch. 556, §21, 52 Stat. 833; Pub. L. 109–58, title III, §314(a)(1), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 690.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2005—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–58, §314(a)(1)(A), substituted "$1,000,000" for "$5,000" and "5 years" for "two years".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–58, §314(a)(1)(B), substituted "$50,000" for "$500".
15 U.S.C. § 1213 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 26: HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATORS / Section 1213: Publication of safety standards in Federal Register
Publication of safety standards in Federal Register
Status: in_force

The Consumer Product Safety Commission shall prescribe and publish in the Federal Register commercial standards for devices which, when used in or on household refrigerators, will enable the doors thereof to be opened easily from the inside; and the standards first established under this section shall be so prescribed and published not later than one year after August 2, 1956.

(Aug. 2, 1956, ch. 890, §3, 70 Stat. 953; Pub. L. 92–573, §30(c), Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1231.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

"Consumer Product Safety Commission" substituted for "Secretary of Commerce" pursuant to section 30(c) of Pub. L. 92–573, which is classified to section 2079(c) of this title and which transferred functions of Secretary of Commerce and Federal Trade Commission under this chapter to Consumer Product Safety Commission.
15 U.S.C. § 9554 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 120: MINORITY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter III: RURAL MINORITY BUSINESS CENTER PROGRAM / Section 9554: Study and report
Study and report
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Under Secretary, in coordination with relevant leadership of the Agency and relevant individuals outside of the Department of Commerce, shall conduct a study that addresses the ways in which minority business enterprises can meet gaps in the supply chain of the United States, with a particular focus on the supply chain of advanced manufacturing and essential goods and services.

(b) Report

Not later than 1 year after November 15, 2021, the Under Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes the results of the study conducted under subsection (a), which shall include recommendations regarding the ways in which minority business enterprises can meet gaps in the supply chain of the United States.

(Pub. L. 117–58, div. K, title III, §100304, Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 1461.)
15 U.S.C. § 1692d (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter V: DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES / Section 1692d: Harassment or abuse
Harassment or abuse
Status: in_force

A debt collector may not engage in any conduct the natural consequence of which is to harass, oppress, or abuse any person in connection with the collection of a debt. Without limiting the general application of the foregoing, the following conduct is a violation of this section:

(1) The use or threat of use of violence or other criminal means to harm the physical person, reputation, or property of any person.

(2) The use of obscene or profane language or language the natural consequence of which is to abuse the hearer or reader.

(3) The publication of a list of consumers who allegedly refuse to pay debts, except to a consumer reporting agency or to persons meeting the requirements of section 1681a(f) or 1681b(3) 1 of this title.

(4) The advertisement for sale of any debt to coerce payment of the debt.

(5) Causing a telephone to ring or engaging any person in telephone conversation repeatedly or continuously with intent to annoy, abuse, or harass any person at the called number.

(6) Except as provided in section 1692b of this title, the placement of telephone calls without meaningful disclosure of the caller's identity.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title VIII, §806, as added Pub. L. 95–109, Sept. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 877.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1681b(3) of this title, referred to in par. (3), was redesignated section 1681b(a)(3) of this title by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, §2403(a)(1), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–430.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective upon the expiration of six months after Sept. 20, 1977, see section 819 of Pub. L. 90–321, as added by Pub. L. 95–109, set out as a note under section 1692 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
15 U.S.C. § 1639f (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE / Section 1639f: Requirements for prompt crediting of home loan payments
Requirements for prompt crediting of home loan payments
Status: in_force

(a) In general

In connection with a consumer credit transaction secured by a consumer's principal dwelling, no servicer shall fail to credit a payment to the consumer's loan account as of the date of receipt, except when a delay in crediting does not result in any charge to the consumer or in the reporting of negative information to a consumer reporting agency, except as required in subsection (b).

(b) Exception

If a servicer specifies in writing requirements for the consumer to follow in making payments, but accepts a payment that does not conform to the requirements, the servicer shall credit the payment as of 5 days after receipt.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, §129F, as added Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, §1464(a), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2184.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the date on which final regulations implementing such section take effect, or on the date that is 18 months after the designated transfer date if such regulations have not been issued by that date, see section 1400(c) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as an Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note under section 1601 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 1271 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 30: HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES / Section 1271: Records of interstate shipment
Records of interstate shipment
Status: in_force

For the purpose of enforcing the provisions of this chapter, carriers engaged in interstate commerce, and persons receiving hazardous substances in interstate commerce or holding such hazardous substances so received shall, upon the request of an officer or employee duly designated by the Commission, permit such officer or employee, at reasonable times, to have access to and to copy all records showing the movement in interstate commerce of any such hazardous substance, or the holding thereof during or after such movement, and the quantity, shipper, and consignee thereof; and it shall be unlawful for any such carrier or person to fail to permit such access to and copying of any record so requested when such request is accompanied by a statement in writing specifying the nature or kind of such hazardous substance to which such request relates: Provided, That evidence obtained under this section, or any evidence which is directly or indirectly derived from such evidence, shall not be used in a criminal prosecution of the person from whom obtained: Provided further, That carriers shall not be subject to the other provisions of this chapter by reason of their receipt, carriage, holding, or delivery of hazardous substances in the usual course of business as carriers.

(Pub. L. 86–613, §12, July 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 379; Pub. L. 91–452, title II, §219, Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat. 929; Pub. L. 110–314, title II, §204(b)(4)(B), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3041.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–314 substituted "Commission" for "Secretary".

1970—Pub. L. 91–452 inserted ", or any evidence which is directly or indirectly derived from such evidence," after "under this section".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 91–452 effective on sixtieth day following Oct. 15, 1970, and not to affect any immunity to which any individual is entitled under this section by reason of any testimony given before sixtieth day following Oct. 15, 1970, see section 260 of Pub. L. 91–452, set out as an Effective Date; Savings Provision note under section 6001 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
15 U.S.C. § 48 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2: FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION; PROMOTION OF EXPORT TRADE AND PREVENTION OF UNFAIR METHODS OF COMPETITION / Subchapter I: FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION / Section 48: Information and assistance from departments
Information and assistance from departments
Status: in_force

The several departments and bureaus of the Government when directed by the President shall furnish the Commission, upon its request, all records, papers, and information in their possession relating to any corporation subject to any of the provisions of this subchapter, and shall detail from time to time such officials and employees to the Commission as he may direct.

(Sept. 26, 1914, ch. 311, §8, 38 Stat. 722.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of Federal Trade Commission, with certain exceptions, to Chairman of such Commission, see Reorg. Plan No. 8 of 1950, §1, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3175, 64 Stat. 1264, set out under section 41 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 8542 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 111: WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING INNOVATION / Subchapter III: FEDERAL WEATHER COORDINATION / Section 8542: Interagency weather research and forecast innovation coordination
Interagency weather research and forecast innovation coordination
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall establish an Interagency Committee for Advancing Weather Services to improve coordination of relevant weather research and forecast innovation activities across the Federal Government. The Interagency Committee shall—

(1) include participation by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Federal Aviation Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and its constituent elements, the National Science Foundation, and such other agencies involved in weather forecasting research as the President determines are appropriate;

(2) identify and prioritize top forecast needs and coordinate those needs against budget requests and program initiatives across participating offices and agencies; and

(3) share information regarding operational needs and forecasting improvements across relevant agencies.

(b) Co-chair

The Federal Coordinator for Meteorology shall serve as a co-chair of this panel.

(c) Further coordination

The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall take such other steps as are necessary to coordinate the activities of the Federal Government with those of the United States weather industry, State governments, emergency managers, and academic researchers.

(Pub. L. 115–25, title IV, §402, Apr. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 106.)
15 U.S.C. § 8342 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 109: WALL STREET TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY / Subchapter II: REGULATION OF SECURITY-BASED SWAP MARKETS / Section 8342: Savings clause
Savings clause
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of this title,1 nothing in this subtitle shall be construed as divesting any appropriate Federal banking agency of any authority it may have to establish or enforce, with respect to a person for which such agency is the appropriate Federal banking agency, prudential or other standards pursuant to authority by Federal law other than this title.1

(Pub. L. 111–203, title VII, §764(b), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1796.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in text, is title VII of Pub. L. 111–203, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1641, known as the Wall Street Transparency and Accountability Act of 2010, which enacted this chapter and enacted and amended numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of title VII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8301 of this title and Tables.

This subtitle, referred to in text, is subtitle B (§§761–774) of title VII of Pub. L. 111–203, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1754, which enacted this subchapter and sections 78c–3 to 78c–5, 78j–2, 78m–1, and 78o–10 of this title, amended sections 77b, 77b–1, 77e, 77q, 78c, 78c–1, 78f, 78i, 78j, 78m, 78o, 78p, 78q–1, 78t, 78u–1, 78u–2, 78bb, 78dd, 78mm, 80a–2, and 80b–2 of this title, enacted provisions set out as a note under section 77b of this title, and amended provisions set out as a note under section 78c of this title. For complete classification of subtitle B to the Code, see Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

For definitions of terms used in this section, see section 5301 of Title 12, Banks and Banking.

1 See References in Text note below.
15 U.S.C. § 2670 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 53: TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL / Subchapter III: INDOOR RADON ABATEMENT / Section 2670: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

The Administrator is authorized to issue such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 94–469, title III, §310, as added Pub. L. 100–551, §1(a), Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2764.)
15 U.S.C. § 292 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 8: FALSELY STAMPED GOLD OR SILVER OR GOODS MANUFACTURED THEREFROM / Section 292: Forfeiture
Forfeiture
Status: in_force

Any gold, silver, or goods manufactured therefrom after February 21, 1905, bearing any of the stamps, words, phrases, or devices prohibited to be used under section 291 of this title, and being in the course of transportation from one State to another, or to or from a Territory, the District of Columbia, or possessions of the United States, shall be forfeited to the United States, and may be seized and condemned by like proceedings as those provided by law for the forfeiture, seizure, and condemnation of property imported into the United States contrary to law.

(Feb. 21, 1905, ch. 720, §3, 33 Stat. 732.)
15 U.S.C. § 3611 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 62: CONDOMINIUM AND COOPERATIVE CONVERSION PROTECTION AND ABUSE RELIEF / Section 3611: Additional remedies
Additional remedies
Status: in_force

(a) Suits at law or equity

Unless otherwise limited as in section 3607 or 3608 of this title, any person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter may sue at law or in equity.

(b) Recovery of actual damages

In any action authorized by this section for a violation of section 3607 or 3609 of this title where actual damages have been suffered, such damages may be awarded or such other relief granted as deemed fair, just, and equitable.

(c) Contribution

Every person who becomes liable to make any payment under this section may recover contributions from any person who if sued separately, would have been liable to make the same payment.

(d) Amounts recoverable; defendant's attorneys' fees

The amounts recoverable under this section may include interest paid, reasonable attorneys' fees, independent engineer and appraisers' fees, and court costs. A defendant may recover reasonable attorneys' fees if the court determines that the cause of action filed by the plaintiff is frivolous, malicious, or lacking in substantial merit.

(Pub. L. 96–399, title VI, §612, Oct. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1679.)
15 U.S.C. § 68h (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2: FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION; PROMOTION OF EXPORT TRADE AND PREVENTION OF UNFAIR METHODS OF COMPETITION / Subchapter III: LABELING OF WOOL PRODUCTS / Section 68h: Criminal penalty
Criminal penalty
Status: in_force

Any person who willfully violates sections 68a, 68c, 68f, or 68g(b) of this title shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not more than $5,000, or be imprisoned not more than one year, or both, in the discretion of the court: Provided, That nothing herein shall limit other provisions of this subchapter.

Whenever the Commission has reason to believe any person is guilty of a misdemeanor under this section, it shall certify all pertinent facts to the Attorney General, whose duty it shall be to cause appropriate proceedings to be brought for the enforcement of the provisions of this section against such person.

(Oct. 14, 1940, ch. 871, §10, 54 Stat. 1133.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of Federal Trade Commission, with certain exceptions, to Chairman of such Commission, see Reorg. Plan No. 8 of 1950, §1, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3175, 64 Stat. 1264, set out under section 41 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 9079 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 116: CORONAVIRUS ECONOMIC STABILIZATION (CARES ACT) / Subchapter III: ECONOMIC STABILIZATION AND ASSISTANCE TO SEVERELY DISTRESSED SECTORS OF THE UNITED STATES ECONOMY / Section 9079: Coordination
Coordination
Status: in_force

In implementing this part the Secretary shall coordinate with the Secretary of Transportation.

(Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title IV, §4119, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 501.)
15 U.S.C. § 7218 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 98: PUBLIC COMPANY ACCOUNTING REFORM AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY / Subchapter I: PUBLIC COMPANY ACCOUNTING OVERSIGHT BOARD / Section 7218: Accounting standards
Accounting standards
Status: in_force

(a) Omitted

(b) Commission authority

The Commission shall promulgate such rules and regulations to carry out section 77s(b) of this title as it deems necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors.

(c) No effect on Commission powers

Nothing in this Act, including this section and the amendment made by this section, shall be construed to impair or limit the authority of the Commission to establish accounting principles or standards for purposes of enforcement of the securities laws.

(d) Study and report on adopting principles-based accounting

(1) Study

(A) In general

The Commission shall conduct a study on the adoption by the United States financial reporting system of a principles-based accounting system.

(B) Study topics

The study required by subparagraph (A) shall include an examination of—

(i) the extent to which principles-based accounting and financial reporting exists in the United States;

(ii) the length of time required for change from a rules-based to a principles-based financial reporting system;

(iii) the feasibility of and proposed methods by which a principles-based system may be implemented; and

(iv) a thorough economic analysis of the implementation of a principles-based system.

(2) Report

Not later than 1 year after July 30, 2002, the Commission shall submit a report on the results of the study required by paragraph (1) to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives.

(Pub. L. 107–204, title I, §108, July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 768.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 107–204, July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 745, known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

Section is comprised of section 108 of Pub. L. 107–204. Subsec. (a) of section 108 of Pub. L. 107–204 amended section 77s of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 7245 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 98: PUBLIC COMPANY ACCOUNTING REFORM AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY / Subchapter III: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY / Section 7245: Rules of professional responsibility for attorneys
Rules of professional responsibility for attorneys
Status: in_force

Not later than 180 days after July 30, 2002, the Commission shall issue rules, in the public interest and for the protection of investors, setting forth minimum standards of professional conduct for attorneys appearing and practicing before the Commission in any way in the representation of issuers, including a rule—

(1) requiring an attorney to report evidence of a material violation of securities law or breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the company or any agent thereof, to the chief legal counsel or the chief executive officer of the company (or the equivalent thereof); and

(2) if the counsel or officer does not appropriately respond to the evidence (adopting, as necessary, appropriate remedial measures or sanctions with respect to the violation), requiring the attorney to report the evidence to the audit committee of the board of directors of the issuer or to another committee of the board of directors comprised solely of directors not employed directly or indirectly by the issuer, or to the board of directors.

(Pub. L. 107–204, title III, §307, July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 784.)
15 U.S.C. § 763 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 16B: FEDERAL ENERGY ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter I: FEDERAL ENERGY ADMINISTRATION / Section 763: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-91, title VII, §709(a)(1), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 607
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-91, title VII, §709(a)(1), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 607
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 93–275, §4, May 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 97, related to officers of Federal Energy Administration.
15 U.S.C. § 6825 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 94: PRIVACY / Subchapter II: FRAUDULENT ACCESS TO FINANCIAL INFORMATION / Section 6825: Agency guidance
Agency guidance
Status: in_force

In furtherance of the objectives of this subchapter, each Federal banking agency (as defined in section 1813(z) of title 12), the National Credit Union Administration, and the Securities and Exchange Commission or self-regulatory organizations, as appropriate, shall review regulations and guidelines applicable to financial institutions under their respective jurisdictions and shall prescribe such revisions to such regulations and guidelines as may be necessary to ensure that such financial institutions have policies, procedures, and controls in place to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of customer financial information and to deter and detect activities proscribed under section 6821 of this title.

(Pub. L. 106–102, title V, §525, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1448.)
15 U.S.C. § 156 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 4: CHINA TRADE / Section 156: Dissolution of corporation; trustees
Dissolution of corporation; trustees
Status: in_force

In case of the voluntary dissolution of a China Trade Act corporation or revocation of its certificate of incorporation, the directors of the corporation shall be trustees for the creditors and stockholders of the corporation; except that upon application to the United States Court for China by any interested party, or upon the motion of any court of competent jurisdiction in any proceeding pending before it, the court may in its discretion appoint as the trustees such persons, other than the directors, as it may determine. The trustees are invested with the powers, and shall do all acts, necessary to wind up the affairs of the corporation and divide among the stockholders according to their respective interests the property of the corporation remaining after all obligations against it have been settled. For the purposes of this section the trustees may sue and be sued in the name of the corporation and shall be jointly and severally liable to the stockholders and creditors of the corporation to the extent of the property coming into their hands as trustees.

(Sept. 19, 1922, ch. 346, §16, 42 Stat. 854.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

United States Court for China, referred to in text, has been abolished. See Codification note set out under section 142 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 1634 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE / Section 1634: Effect of subsequent occurrence
Effect of subsequent occurrence
Status: in_force

If information disclosed in accordance with this part is subsequently rendered inaccurate as the result of any act, occurrence, or agreement subsequent to the delivery of the required disclosures, the inaccuracy resulting therefrom does not constitute a violation of this part.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, §124, May 29, 1968, 82 Stat. 152.)
15 U.S.C. § 9012 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 116: CORONAVIRUS ECONOMIC STABILIZATION (CARES ACT) / Subchapter I: KEEPING AMERICAN WORKERS PAID AND EMPLOYED / Section 9012: Emergency rulemaking authority
Emergency rulemaking authority
Status: in_force

Not later than 15 days after March 27, 2020, the Administrator shall issue regulations to carry out this title 1 and the amendments made by this title 1 without regard to the notice requirements under section 553(b) of title 5.

(Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title I, §1114, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 312.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This title, referred to in text, is title I of div. A of Pub. L. 116–136, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 286, which enacted this subchapter and amended, and enacted provisions set out as notes under, section 636 of this title and several sections in Title 11, Bankruptcy. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Emergency Rulemaking Authority in Public Law 116–260

Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title III, §303, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1993, provided that: "Not later than 10 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 27, 2020], the Administrator [of the Small Business Administration] shall issue regulations to carry out this Act [probably means "this title", title III of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, see Tables for classification] and the amendments made by this Act without regard to the notice requirements under section 553(b) of title 5, United States Code."

1 See References in Text note below.
15 U.S.C. § 77a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2A: SECURITIES AND TRUST INDENTURES / Subchapter I: DOMESTIC SECURITIES / Section 77a: Short title
Short title
Status: in_force

This subchapter may be cited as the "Securities Act of 1933".

(May 27, 1933, ch. 38, title I, §1, 48 Stat. 74.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title of 2012 Amendment

Pub. L. 112–142, §1, July 9, 2012, 126 Stat. 989, provided that: "This Act [amending section 77c of this title] may be cited as the 'Church Plan Investment Clarification Act'."

Pub. L. 112–106, title III, §301, Apr. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 315, provided that: "This title [enacting section 77d–1 of this title, amending sections 77d, 77r, 78c, 78l, and 78o of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 77d, 77r, 78c, and 78l of this title] may be cited as the 'Capital Raising Online While Deterring Fraud and Unethical Non-Disclosure Act of 2012' or the 'CROWDFUND Act'."

Short Title of 1980 Amendment

Pub. L. 96–477, title VI, §601, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2294, provided that: "This title [amending sections 77b and 77d of this title] may be cited as the 'Small Business Issuers' Simplification Act of 1980'."
15 U.S.C. § 1642 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE / Section 1642: Issuance of credit cards
Issuance of credit cards
Status: in_force

No credit card shall be issued except in response to a request or application therefor. This prohibition does not apply to the issuance of a credit card in renewal of, or in substitution for, an accepted credit card.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, §132, as added Pub. L. 91–508, title V, §502(a), Oct. 26, 1970, 84 Stat. 1126.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 91–508, title V, §503(1), Oct. 26, 1970, 84 Stat. 1127, provided that: "Section 132 of such Act [this section] takes effect on date of enactment of this title [Oct. 26, 1970]."
15 U.S.C. § 5104 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 77: STEEL AND ALUMINUM ENERGY CONSERVATION AND TECHNOLOGY COMPETITIVENESS / Section 5104: Protection of proprietary rights
Protection of proprietary rights
Status: in_force

(a) Proprietary rights

No trade secrets or commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential, under the meaning of section 552(b)(4) of title 5 which is obtained from a domestic company shall be disclosed in the conduct of the management plan or research plan, or as a result of activities under this chapter.

(b) Patent rights vested in United States

All patent rights from inventions developed under the management plan or the research plan implemented pursuant to this chapter shall be vested in accordance with section 5908 of title 42.

(Pub. L. 100–680, §5, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4075.)
15 U.S.C. § 719a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 15C: ALASKA NATURAL GAS TRANSPORTATION / Section 719a: Congressional statement of purpose
Congressional statement of purpose
Status: in_force

The purpose of this chapter is to provide the means for making a sound decision as to the selection of a transportation system for delivery of Alaska natural gas to the contiguous States for construction and initial operation by providing for the participation of the President and the Congress in the selection process, and, if such a system is approved under this chapter, to expedite its construction and initial operation by (1) limiting the jurisdiction of the courts to review the actions of Federal officers or agencies taken pursuant to the direction and authority of this chapter, and (2) permitting the limitation of administrative procedures and effecting the limitation of judicial procedures related to such actions. To accomplish this purpose it is the intent of the Congress to exercise its constitutional powers to the fullest extent in the authorizations and directions herein made, and particularly with respect to the limitation of judicial review of actions of Federal officers or agencies taken pursuant thereto.

(Pub. L. 94–586, §3, Oct. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 2903.)
15 U.S.C. § 1268 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 30: HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES / Section 1268: Proceedings in name of United States; subpenas
Proceedings in name of United States; subpenas
Status: in_force

All criminal proceedings and all libel or injunction proceedings for the enforcement, or to restrain violations, of this chapter shall be by and in the name of the United States. Subpenas for witnesses who are required to attend a court of the United States in any district may run into any other district in any such proceeding.

(Pub. L. 86–613, §9, July 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 378.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

Functions of Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare under this chapter transferred to Consumer Product Safety Commission, see section 2079 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 221 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 6: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND STANDARD TIME / Subchapter V: STANDARDS OF ELECTRICITY / Section 221: Repealed. July 21, 1950, ch. 484, §13, 64 Stat. 370
Repealed. July 21, 1950, ch. 484, §13, 64 Stat. 370
Status: repealed

Sections, act July 12, 1894, ch. 131, §§1, 2, 28 Stat. 101, 102, related to units of electrical measure.
15 U.S.C. § 3207 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 59: RETAIL POLICIES FOR NATURAL GAS UTILITIES / Section 3207: Judicial review and enforcement
Judicial review and enforcement
Status: in_force

(a) Limitation of Federal jurisdiction

(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no court of the United States shall have jurisdiction over any action arising under any provision of this chapter except for—

(A) an action over which a court of the United States has jurisdiction under paragraph (2), or

(B) review in the Supreme Court of the United States in accordance with sections 1257 and 1258 of title 28.

(2) The Secretary may bring an action in any appropriate court of the United States to enforce his right to intervene under section 3205 of this title, and such court shall have jurisdiction to grant appropriate relief.

(b) Enforcement

(1) Any person may bring an action to enforce the requirements of this chapter in the appropriate State court. Such action in a State court shall be pursuant to applicable State procedures.

(2) Nothing in this chapter shall authorize the Secretary to appeal or otherwise seek judicial review of the decisions of a State regulatory authority or nonregulated gas utility or to become a party to any action to obtain such review or appeal. The Secretary may participate as an amicus curiae in any judicial review of an action arising under the provisions of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 95–617, title III, §307, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3153.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definitions

The definitions of Secretary and State in section 2602 of Title 16, Conservation, apply to this section.
15 U.S.C. § 765 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 16B: FEDERAL ENERGY ADMINISTRATION / Subchapter I: FEDERAL ENERGY ADMINISTRATION / Section 765: Transfer of functions
Transfer of functions
Status: in_force

(a) Functions of Secretary and Department of the Interior

There are hereby transferred to and vested in the Administrator all functions of the Secretary of the Interior, the Department of the Interior, and officers and components of that Department—

(1) as relate to or are utilized by the Office of Petroleum Allocation;

(2) as relate to or are utilized by the Office of Energy Conservation;

(3) as relate to or are utilized by the Office of Energy Data and Analysis; and

(4) as relate to or are utilized by the Office of Oil and Gas.

(b) Functions of Chairman and Executive Director of Cost of Living Council

There are hereby transferred to and vested in the Administrator all functions of the Chairman of the Cost of Living Council, the Executive Director of the Cost of Living Council, and the Cost of Living Council, and officers and components thereof, as relate to or are utilized by the Energy Division of the Cost of Living Council.

(Pub. L. 93–275, §6, May 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 100.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

Federal Energy Administration terminated and functions vested by law in Administrator thereof transferred to Secretary of Energy (unless otherwise specifically provided) by sections 7151(a) and 7293 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Executive Documents

Abolition of Cost of Living Council

Cost of Living Council abolished July 1, 1974, by Ex. Ord. No. 11788, §1, June 18, 1974, 39 F.R. 22113.
15 U.S.C. § 6 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 1: MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE / Section 6: Forfeiture of property in transit
Forfeiture of property in transit
Status: in_force

Any property owned under any contract or by any combination, or pursuant to any conspiracy (and being the subject thereof) mentioned in section 1 of this title, and being in the course of transportation from one State to another, or to a foreign country, shall be forfeited to the United States, and may be seized and condemned by like proceedings as those provided by law for the forfeiture, seizure, and condemnation of property imported into the United States contrary to law.

(July 2, 1890, ch. 647, §6, 26 Stat. 210.)
15 U.S.C. § 2303 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 50: CONSUMER PRODUCT WARRANTIES / Section 2303: Designation of written warranties
Designation of written warranties
Status: in_force

(a) Full (statement of duration) or limited warranty

Any warrantor warranting a consumer product by means of a written warranty shall clearly and conspicuously designate such warranty in the following manner, unless exempted from doing so by the Commission pursuant to subsection (c) of this section:

(1) If the written warranty meets the Federal minimum standards for warranty set forth in section 2304 of this title, then it shall be conspicuously designated a "full (statement of duration) warranty".

(2) If the written warranty does not meet the Federal minimum standards for warranty set forth in section 2304 of this title, then it shall be conspicuously designated a "limited warranty".

(b) Applicability of requirements, standards, etc., to representations or statements of customer satisfaction

This section and sections 2302 and 2304 of this title shall not apply to statements or representations which are similar to expressions of general policy concerning customer satisfaction and which are not subject to any specific limitations.

(c) Exemptions by Commission

In addition to exercising the authority pertaining to disclosure granted in section 2302 of this title, the Commission may by rule determine when a written warranty does not have to be designated either "full (statement of duration)" or "limited" in accordance with this section.

(d) Applicability to consumer products costing more than $10 and not designated as full warranties

The provisions of subsections (a) and (c) of this section apply only to warranties which pertain to consumer products actually costing the consumer more than $10 and which are not designated "full (statement of duration) warranties".

(Pub. L. 93–637, title I, §103, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2187.)
15 U.S.C. § 37a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 1: MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE / Section 37a: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this section and section 37 of this title:

(1) Antitrust laws

The term "antitrust laws" has the meaning given it in subsection (a) of section 12 of this title, except that such term includes section 45 of this title to the extent that such section 45 applies to unfair methods of competition.

(2) Charitable remainder trust

The term "charitable remainder trust" has the meaning given it in section 664(d) of title 26.

(3) Charitable gift annuity

The term "charitable gift annuity" has the meaning given it in section 501(m)(5) of title 26.

(4) Final determination

The term "final determination" includes an Internal Revenue Service determination, after exhaustion of donor's and donee's administrative remedies, disallowing the donor's charitable deduction for the year in which the initial contribution was made because of the donee's failure to comply at such time with the requirements of section 501(m)(5) or 664(d), respectively, of title 26.

(5) Person

The term "person" has the meaning given it in subsection (a) of section 12 of this title.

(6) State

The term "State" has the meaning given it in section 15g(2) of this title.

(Pub. L. 104–63, §3, Dec. 8, 1995, 109 Stat. 687; Pub. L. 105–26, §2(2), July 3, 1997, 111 Stat. 242.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1997—Pars. (1), (2). Pub. L. 105–26, §2(2)(A)–(C), added par. (2), redesignated former par. (2) as (1), and struck out heading and text of former par. (1). Text read as follows: "The term 'annuity rate' means the percentage of the fair market value of a gift (determined as of the date of the gift) given in exchange for a charitable gift annuity, that represents the amount of the annual payment to be made to 1 or 2 annuitants over the life of either or both under the terms of the agreement to give such gift in exchange for such annuity."

Pars. (4) to (6). Pub. L. 105–26, §2(2)(D), (E), added par. (4) and redesignated former pars. (4) and (5) as (5) and (6), respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–26 applicable with respect to all conduct occurring before, on, or after July 3, 1997, and applicable in all administrative and judicial actions pending on or commenced after July 3, 1997, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–26, set out as a note under section 37 of this title.

Effective Date

Section applicable with respect to conduct occurring before, on, or after Dec. 8, 1995, see section 4 of Pub. L. 104–63, set out as a note under section 37 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 2059 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 47: CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY / Section 2059: Repealed. Pub. L. 97-35, title XII, §1210, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 721
Repealed. Pub. L. 97-35, title XII, §1210, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 721
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 92–573, §10, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1217; Pub. L. 94–284, §10(a), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 506, related to filing of a petition by an interested person for issuance, amendment, or revocation of a consumer product safety rule.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Aug. 14, 1981, see section 1215 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as an Effective Date of 1981 Amendment note under section 2052 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 1358 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 37: STATE TECHNICAL SERVICES / Section 1358: Consent of Congress for interstate compacts; reservation of right to alter, amend, or repeal
Consent of Congress for interstate compacts; reservation of right to alter, amend, or repeal
Status: in_force

(a) The consent of the Congress is given to any two or more States to enter into agreement or compacts, not in conflict with any law of the United States, for cooperative efforts and mutual assistance and in designating agencies, under section 1357 of this title, for accomplishing the purposes of this chapter.

(b) The right to alter, amend, or repeal this section, or consent granted by this section, is expressly reserved.

(Pub. L. 89–182, §8, Sept. 14, 1965, 79 Stat. 682.)
15 U.S.C. § 1513b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 40: DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / Section 1513b: Cost estimates for National Institute of Standards and Technology construction projects included in Department budget justification
Cost estimates for National Institute of Standards and Technology construction projects included in Department budget justification
Status: in_force

Beginning in fiscal year 2007 and for each fiscal year thereafter, the Secretary of Commerce shall include in the budget justification materials that the Secretary submits to Congress in support of the Department of Commerce budget (as submitted with the budget of the President under section 1105(a) of title 31) an estimate for each National Institute of Standards and Technology construction project having a total multiyear program cost of more than $5,000,000 and simultaneously the budget justification materials shall include an estimate of the budgetary requirements for each such project for each of the five subsequent fiscal years.

(Pub. L. 109–108, title II, Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2311.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is from the Department of Commerce and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006, which is title II of the Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Similar Provisions

Similar provisions were contained in the following appropriation acts:

Pub. L. 118–42, div. C, title I, Mar. 9, 2024, 138 Stat. 127.

Pub. L. 117–328, div. B, title I, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4516.

Pub. L. 117–103, div. B, title I, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 107.

Pub. L. 116–260, div. B, title I, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1240.

Pub. L. 116–93, div. B, title I, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2390.

Pub. L. 116–6, div. C, title I, Feb. 15, 2019, 133 Stat. 96.

Pub. L. 115–141, div. B, title I, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 405.

Pub. L. 115–31, div. B, title I, May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 187.

Pub. L. 114–113, div. B, title I, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2291.

Pub. L. 113–235, div. B, title I, Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2177.

Pub. L. 113–76, div. B, title I, Jan. 17, 2014, 128 Stat. 47.

Pub. L. 113–6, div. B, title I, Mar. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 238.

Pub. L. 112–55, div. B, title I, Nov. 18, 2011, 125 Stat. 596.

Pub. L. 111–117, div. B, title I, Dec. 16, 2009, 123 Stat. 3117.

Pub. L. 111–8, div. B, title I, Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 564.

Pub. L. 110–161, div. B, title I, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1889.
15 U.S.C. § 6307g (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 89: PROFESSIONAL BOXING SAFETY / Section 6307g: Confidentiality
Confidentiality
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Neither a boxing commission or 1 an Attorney General may disclose to the public any matter furnished by a promoter under section 6307e of this title except to the extent required in a legal, administrative, or judicial proceeding.

(b) Effect of contrary State law

If a State law governing a boxing commission requires that information that would be furnished by a promoter under section 6307e of this title shall be made public, then a promoter is not required to file such information with such State if the promoter files such information with the ABC.

(Pub. L. 104–272, §15, as added Pub. L. 106–210, §4(2), May 26, 2000, 114 Stat. 325.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 15 of Pub. L. 104–272 was renumbered section 23 and is set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "nor".
15 U.S.C. § 205h (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 6: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND STANDARD TIME / Subchapter II: METRIC CONVERSION / Section 205h: Compensation of Board members; travel expenses
Compensation of Board members; travel expenses
Status: in_force

Members of the Board who are not in the regular full-time employ of the United States shall, while attending meetings or conferences of the Board or while otherwise engaged in the business of the Board, be entitled to receive compensation at a rate not to exceed the daily rate currently being paid grade 18 of the General Schedule (under section 5332 of title 5), including traveltime. While so serving, on the business of the Board away from their homes or regular places of business, members of the Board may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, for persons employed intermittently in the Government service. Payments under this section shall not render members of the Board employees or officials of the United States for any purpose. Members of the Board who are in the employ of the United States shall be entitled to travel expenses when traveling on the business of the Board.

(Pub. L. 94–168, §9, Dec. 23, 1975, 89 Stat. 1011.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.
15 U.S.C. § 329 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 9: NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE / Section 329: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 85–469, title I, §101, June 25, 1958, 72 Stat. 234; Pub. L. 86–88, title I, §101, July 13, 1959, 73 Stat. 207, which prescribed the maximum base rate of pay for employees conducting meteorological investigations in the Arctic region, was from an appropriation act and was omitted in view of section 327 of this title which authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to establish the rates of compensation for such personnel. Provisions of this section were repeated in Pub. L. 86–451, title I, §101, May 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 99.
15 U.S.C. § 158 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 4: CHINA TRADE / Section 158: False or fraudulent statements prohibited; penalties
False or fraudulent statements prohibited; penalties
Status: in_force

No stockholder, director, officer, employee, or agent of a China Trade Act corporation shall make, issue, or publish any statement, written or oral, or advertisement in any form, as to the value or as to the facts affecting the value of stocks, bonds, or other evidences of debt, or as to the financial condition or transactions, or facts affecting such condition or transactions, of such corporation if it has issued or is to issue stocks, bonds, or other evidences of debt, whenever he knows or has reason to believe that any material representation in such statement or advertisement is false. No stockholder, director, officer, employee, or agent of a China Trade Act corporation shall, if all the authorized capital stock thereof has not been paid in, make, issue, or publish any written statement or advertisement, in any form, stating the amount of the authorized capital stock without also stating as the amount actually paid in, a sum not greater than the amount paid in. Any person violating any provisions of this section shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.

(Sept. 19, 1922, ch. 346, §18, 42 Stat. 855.)
15 U.S.C. § 2503 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 52: ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION / Section 2503: Duties of Secretary of Energy
Duties of Secretary of Energy
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment of project

The Secretary of Energy shall promptly establish, as an organizational entity within the Department of Energy, the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Demonstration Project.

(b) Management of project; arrangements with competent agencies

The Secretary of Energy shall have the responsibility for the overall management of the project. The Secretary of Energy may enter into any agreement or other arrangement with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Transportation, the National Science Foundation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Agriculture, or any other Federal agency, pursuant to which such agency shall conduct such specified parts or aspects of the project as the Secretary of Energy deems necessary or appropriate and within the particular competence of such agency, to the extent that such agency has capabilities which would enable it to contribute to the success of the project and the attainment of the purposes of this chapter.

(c) Promotion of research and development; demonstration projects; consumer needs; resulting changes

In providing for the effective management of this project, the Secretary of Energy shall have specific responsibility to—

(1) promote basic and applied research on electric and hybrid vehicle batteries, controls, and motors;

(2) determine optimum overall electric and hybrid vehicle design;

(3) conduct demonstration projects with respect to the feasibility of commercial electric and hybrid vehicles (A) by contracting for the purchase or lease of electric and hybrid vehicles for practical use, and (B) by entering into arrangements, with other governmental entities and with nongovernmental entities, for the operation of such vehicles;

(4) ascertain consumer needs and desires so as to match the design of electric and hybrid vehicles to their potential market; and

(5) ascertain the long-term changes in road design, urban planning, traffic management, maintenance facilities, utility rate structures, and tax policies which are needed to facilitate the manufacture and use of electric and hybrid vehicles in accordance with sections 2512 and 2513 1 of this title.

(Pub. L. 94–413, §4, Sept. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 1262; Pub. L. 95–91, title III, §301(a), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 577.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 2513 of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, §1051(o), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 717.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

"Department of Energy" substituted for "Energy Research and Development Administration" in subsec. (a), and "Secretary of Energy" substituted for "Administrator" wherever appearing, pursuant to section 301(a) of Pub. L. 95–91, see Codification note set out under section 2502 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
15 U.S.C. § 8901 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 115: PERFLUOROALKYL AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES AND EMERGING CONTAMINANTS / Section 8901: Definition of Administrator
Definition of Administrator
Status: in_force

In this chapter, the term "Administrator" means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.

(Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXIII, §7302, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2275.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title LXXIII of Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2275, known as the PFAS Act of 2019, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXIII, §7301, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2275, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter and amending section 2607 of this title and sections 300j–12 and 11023 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the 'PFAS Act of 2019'."
15 U.S.C. § 4112 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 67: ARCTIC RESEARCH AND POLICY / Section 4112: Annual agency budget and spending report
Annual agency budget and spending report
Status: in_force

(1) Annual agency budgets

Each agency represented on the Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee shall each include in their agency's annual budget request to Congress a description of their agency's projected Arctic research activities and associated budget for the fiscal year covered by the budget request.

(2) Report to Congress

Beginning with fiscal year 2025 and annually thereafter until fiscal year 2034, not later than 60 days after the President's budget request for such fiscal year is submitted to Congress, the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall submit an annual report to Congress summarizing each agency's budget request related to Arctic research activities per the information submitted in accordance with paragraph (1).

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LIX, §5912(b), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3442.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023, and not as part of the Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 7711 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 103: CONTROLLING THE ASSAULT OF NON-SOLICITED PORNOGRAPHY AND MARKETING / Section 7711: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Commission may issue regulations to implement the provisions of this Act (not including the amendments made by sections 4 and 12). Any such regulations shall be issued in accordance with section 553 of title 5.

(b) Limitation

Subsection (a) may not be construed to authorize the Commission to establish a requirement pursuant to section 7704(a)(5)(A) of this title to include any specific words, characters, marks, or labels in a commercial electronic mail message, or to include the identification required by section 7704(a)(5)(A) of this title in any particular part of such a mail message (such as the subject line or body).

(Pub. L. 108–187, §13, Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2717.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act (not including the amendments made by sections 4 and 12), referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 108–187, Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2699, which is classified principally to this chapter. Section 4 enacted section 7703 of this title, section 1037 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and provisions listed in a table relating to sentencing guidelines set out as a note under section 994 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. Section 12 amended section 227 of Title 47, Telecommunications. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7701 of this title and Tables.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Jan. 1, 2004, see section 16 of Pub. L. 108–187, set out as a note under section 7701 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 7807 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 104: SPORTS AGENT RESPONSIBILITY AND TRUST / Section 7807: Sense of Congress
Sense of Congress
Status: in_force

It is the sense of Congress that States should enact the Uniform Athlete Agents Act of 2000 drafted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, to protect student athletes and the integrity of amateur sports from unscrupulous sports agents. In particular, it is the sense of Congress that States should enact the provisions relating to the registration of sports agents, the required form of contract, the right of the student athlete to cancel an agency contract, the disclosure requirements relating to record maintenance, reporting, renewal, notice, warning, and security, and the provisions for reciprocity among the States.

(Pub. L. 108–304, §8, Sept. 24, 2004, 118 Stat. 1129.)
15 U.S.C. § 3418 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 60: NATURAL GAS POLICY / Subchapter V: ADMINISTRATION, ENFORCEMENT, AND REVIEW / Section 3418: Applicability of other Federal statutory provisions relating to information-gathering
Applicability of other Federal statutory provisions relating to information-gathering
Status: in_force

In order to obtain information for the purpose of carrying out its functions under this chapter, the Commission shall have the same authority as is vested in the Secretary under 7151(a) of title 42 with respect to the exercise of authority under section 796(b) of this title and section 772(b), (c), and (d) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–621, title V, §508(b), Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3408.)
15 U.S.C. § 649c (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 14A: AID TO SMALL BUSINESS / Section 649c: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

At least one small business international program shall be established within each region of the Department of Commerce. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $1,500,000 for each fiscal year 1981, 1982, and 1983, to carry out the program established in section 649b of this title.

(Pub. L. 96–481, title III, §303, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2332.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the Small Business Act which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 77o (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2A: SECURITIES AND TRUST INDENTURES / Subchapter I: DOMESTIC SECURITIES / Section 77o: Liability of controlling persons
Liability of controlling persons
Status: in_force

(a) Controlling persons

Every person who, by or through stock ownership, agency, or otherwise, or who, pursuant to or in connection with an agreement or understanding with one or more other persons by or through stock ownership, agency, or otherwise, controls any person liable under sections 77k or 77l of this title, shall also be liable jointly and severally with and to the same extent as such controlled person to any person to whom such controlled person is liable, unless the controlling person had no knowledge of or reasonable ground to believe in the existence of the facts by reason of which the liability of the controlled person is alleged to exist.

(b) Prosecution of persons who aid and abet violations

For purposes of any action brought by the Commission under subparagraph (b) or (d) of section 77t of this title, any person that knowingly or recklessly provides substantial assistance to another person in violation of a provision of this subchapter, or of any rule or regulation issued under this subchapter, shall be deemed to be in violation of such provision to the same extent as the person to whom such assistance is provided.

(May 27, 1933, ch. 38, title I, §15, 48 Stat. 84; June 6, 1934, ch. 404, title II, §208, 48 Stat. 908; Pub. L. 111–203, title IX, §929M(a), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1861.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Pub. L. 111–203 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).

1934—Act June 6, 1934, exempted from liability controlling persons having no knowledge or reasonable grounds for belief.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective 1 day after July 21, 2010, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as an Effective Date note under section 5301 of Title 12, Banks and Banking.
15 U.S.C. § 1157 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 23: DISSEMINATION OF TECHNICAL, SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING INFORMATION / Section 1157: Relation to other provisions
Relation to other provisions
Status: in_force

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to repeal or amend any other legislation pertaining to the Department of Commerce or its component offices or bureaus.

(Sept. 9, 1950, ch. 936, §7, 64 Stat. 824.)
15 U.S.C. § 4627 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 72: SEMICONDUCTOR RESEARCH / Subchapter II: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH EXCELLENCE INITIATIVE / Section 4627: Cost-sharing agreements
Cost-sharing agreements
Status: in_force

(a) Permitted provisions

The director of each national laboratory of the Department of Energy that is participating in the Initiative or the contractor operating any such national laboratory, in carrying out programs under a contract with the Department of Energy, may include in any research and development agreement entered into with a domestic firm in connection with such Initiative a cooperative provision for the domestic firm to pay a portion of the cost of the research and development activities.

(b) Limitations

(1) Not more than an amount equal to 1 percent of any national laboratory's annual budget shall be received from nonappropriated funds derived from contracts entered into under the Initiative in any fiscal year, except to the extent approved in advance by the Secretary of Energy.

(2) No Department of Energy national laboratory may receive more than $10,000,000 of nonappropriated funds under any cooperative research and development agreement entered into under this subsection in connection with the Initiative, except to the extent approved in advance by the Secretary of Energy.

(Pub. L. 100–180, div. C, title I, §3147, Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1244.)
15 U.S.C. § 1391 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 38: TRAFFIC AND MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY / Subchapter I: MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS / Section 1391: Repealed. Pub. L. 103-272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
Repealed. Pub. L. 103-272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
Status: repealed

Section 1391, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, §102, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 718; Pub. L. 91–265, §2, May 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 262; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, §110(a), title II, §201, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1484, provided definitions for purposes of this subchapter. See sections 30102, 30111, and 30125 of Title 49, Transportation.

Section 1392, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, §103, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 719; Pub. L. 89–670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 931; Pub. L. 93–492, title II, §202, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1484; Pub. L. 94–346, §§2, 3, July 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 815; Pub. L. 97–331, §3, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1619; Pub. L. 102–240, title II, §2505, Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2084, related to motor vehicle safety standards. See sections 30103, 30111, and 30125 of Title 49.
15 U.S.C. § 6307a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 89: PROFESSIONAL BOXING SAFETY / Section 6307a: Contract requirements
Contract requirements
Status: in_force

Within 2 years after May 26, 2000, the Association of Boxing Commissions (ABC) shall develop and shall approve by a vote of no less than a majority of its member State boxing commissioners, guidelines for minimum contractual provisions that should be included in bout agreements and boxing contracts. It is the sense of the Congress that State boxing commissions should follow these ABC guidelines.

(Pub. L. 104–272, §9, as added Pub. L. 106–210, §4(2), May 26, 2000, 114 Stat. 322.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 9 of Pub. L. 104–272 was renumbered section 17 and is classified to section 6308 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 1803 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 43: NEWSPAPER PRESERVATION / Section 1803: Antitrust exemptions
Antitrust exemptions
Status: in_force

(a) Joint operating arrangements entered into prior to July 24, 1970

It shall not be unlawful under any antitrust law for any person to perform, enforce, renew, or amend any joint newspaper operating arrangement entered into prior to July 24, 1970, if at the time at which such arrangement was first entered into, regardless of ownership or affiliations, not more than one of the newspaper publications involved in the performance of such arrangement was likely to remain or become a financially sound publication: Provided, That the terms of a renewal or amendment to a joint operating arrangement must be filed with the Department of Justice and that the amendment does not add a newspaper publication or newspaper publications to such arrangement.

(b) Written consent for future joint operating arrangements

It shall be unlawful for any person to enter into, perform, or enforce a joint operating arrangement, not already in effect, except with the prior written consent of the Attorney General of the United States. Prior to granting such approval, the Attorney General shall determine that not more than one of the newspaper publications involved in the arrangement is a publication other than a failing newspaper, and that approval of such arrangement would effectuate the policy and purpose of this chapter.

(c) Predatory practices not exempt

Nothing contained in the chapter shall be construed to exempt from any antitrust law any predatory pricing, any predatory practice, or any other conduct in the otherwise lawful operations of a joint newspaper operating arrangement which would be unlawful under any antitrust law if engaged in by a single entity. Except as provided in this chapter, no joint newspaper operating arrangement or any party thereto shall be exempt from any antitrust law.

(Pub. L. 91–353, §4, July 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 467.)
15 U.S.C. § 8717 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 113: CONCRETE MASONRY PRODUCTS RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND PROMOTION / Section 8717: Study and report by the Department of Commerce
Study and report by the Department of Commerce
Status: in_force

Not later than 3 years after October 5, 2018, the Secretary shall prepare a study and submit to Congress a report examining the appropriateness and effectiveness of applying the commodity check-off program model (such as those programs established under the Commodity Promotion, Research, and Information Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7411 et seq.)) to a nonagricultural industry, taking into account the program established by this chapter and any other check-off program involving a nonagricultural industry.

(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, §1318, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3485.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Commodity Promotion, Research, and Information Act of 1996, referred to in text, is subtitle B of title V of Pub. L. 104–127, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1032, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§7411 et seq.) of chapter 101 of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7401 of Title 7 and Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 318 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 9: NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE / Section 318: Weather signals on mail cars
Weather signals on mail cars
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation with the United States Postal Service, may arrange a plan by which there shall be displayed on all cars and other conveyances used for transporting United States mail suitable flags or other signals to indicate weather forecasts, cold-wave warnings, frost warnings, and so forth, to be furnished by the Secretary.

(Apr. 25, 1896, ch. 140, 29 Stat. 108; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV, §8, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1236; 1965 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §§1, 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; Pub. L. 91–375, §4(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

"United States Postal Service" substituted in text for "Postmaster General" pursuant to Pub. L. 91–375, §4(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773, set out as a note under section 201 of Title 39, Postal Service, which abolished the office of Postmaster General of the Post Office Department and transferred its functions to the United States Postal Service.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Office of Chief of Weather Bureau abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318. Reorg. Plan No. IV of 1940 transferred Weather Bureau from Department of Agriculture to Department of Commerce. For further details, see notes set out under section 311 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 3311 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 60: NATURAL GAS POLICY / Subchapter I: WELLHEAD PRICING / Section 3311: Repealed. Pub. L. 101-60, §2(b), July 26, 1989, 103 Stat. 158
Repealed. Pub. L. 101-60, §2(b), July 26, 1989, 103 Stat. 158
Status: repealed

Sections 3311 to 3320 comprised part A of this subchapter.

Section 3311, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §101, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3356, related to inflation adjustments and other general price ceiling rules to be applied in establishing wellhead price controls.

Section 3312, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §102, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3358; Pub. L. 102–154, title I, Nov. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1000, related to ceiling price for new natural gas and certain gas produced from Outer Continental Shelf.

Section 3313, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §103, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3361, related to ceiling price for new, onshore production wells.

Section 3314, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §104, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3362, related to a ceiling price for sales of natural gas dedicated to interstate commerce.

Section 3315, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §105, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3363, related to ceiling price for sales under intrastate contracts existing on Nov. 8, 1978.

Section 3316, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §106, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3365, related to ceiling price for sales under rollover contracts.

Section 3317, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §107, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3366, related to ceiling price for high-cost natural gas.

Section 3318, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §108, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3367, related to ceiling price for stripper well natural gas.

Section 3319, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §109, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3368, related to ceiling price for other categories of natural gas.

Section 3320, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §110, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3368, related to treatment of State severance taxes and certain production-related costs.

Sections 3331 to 3333 comprised part B of this subchapter.

Section 3331, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §121, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3369; Pub. L. 101–60, §2(a), July 26, 1989, 103 Stat. 157, provided for elimination of price controls for certain natural gas sales.

Section 3332, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §122, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3370, related to standby price control authority.

Section 3333, Pub. L. 95–621, title I, §123, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3371, related to reports to Congress by Department of Energy.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 101–60 provided that the repeal of sections 3311 to 3320 and 3331 to 3333 is effective Jan. 1, 1993.
15 U.S.C. § 1850 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 45: EMERGENCY LOAN GUARANTEES TO BUSINESS ENTERPRISES / Section 1850: Protection of Government's interest
Protection of Government's interest
Status: in_force

(a) Attorney General, enforcement authority; payments into emergency loan guarantee fund

The Attorney General shall take such action as may be appropriate to enforce any right accruing to the United States or any officer or agency thereof as a result of the issuance of guarantees under this chapter. Any sums recovered pursuant to this section shall be paid into the emergency loan guarantee fund.

(b) Recovery rights; subrogation

The Board shall be entitled to recover from the borrower, or any other person liable therefor, the amount of any payments made pursuant to any guarantee agreement entered into under this chapter, and upon making any such payment, the Board shall be subrogated to all the rights of the recipient thereof.

(Pub. L. 92–70, §11, Aug. 9, 1971, 85 Stat. 181.)
15 U.S.C. § 3604 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 62: CONDOMINIUM AND COOPERATIVE CONVERSION PROTECTION AND ABUSE RELIEF / Section 3604: Exemptions
Exemptions
Status: in_force

The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to—

(1) a cooperative or condominium unit sold or offered for sale by the Federal Government, by any State or local government, by any corporate instrumentality of the United States, or by any agency thereof;

(2) a cooperative or condominium project in which all units are restricted to nonresidential purposes or uses; or

(3) any lease or portion thereof—

(A) which establishes any leasehold or other estate or interest in, over or under land on or in which one or more residential condominium or cooperative units are located, the termination of which will terminate the condominium or cooperative project, or reduce the number of units in such project, or

(B) which establishes a leasehold interest in, or other rights to use, possess, or gain access to, a condominium or cooperative unit.

(Pub. L. 96–399, title VI, §605, Oct. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1675.)
15 U.S.C. § 5528 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 81: HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING / Subchapter II: AGENCY ACTIVITIES / Section 5528: Repealed. Pub. L. 114-329, title I, §105(q), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2984
Repealed. Pub. L. 114-329, title I, §105(q), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2984
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 102–194, title II, §208, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1603; Pub. L. 110–69, title III, §3002(c)(6), Aug. 9, 2007, 121 Stat. 587, related to findings and annual reports for fostering United States competitiveness in high-performance computing and related activities.
15 U.S.C. § 273 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 7: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY / Section 273: Functions; for whom exercised
Functions; for whom exercised
Status: in_force

The Institute is authorized to exercise its functions for the Government of the United States and for international organizations of which the United States is a member; for governments of friendly countries; for any State or municipal government within the United States; or for any scientific society, educational institution, firm, corporation, or individual within the United States or friendly countries engaged in manufacturing or other pursuits requiring the use of standards or standard measuring instruments: Provided, That the exercise of these functions for international organizations, governments of friendly countries and scientific societies, educational institutions, firms, corporations, or individuals therein shall be in coordination with other agencies of the United States Government, in particular the Department of State in respect to foreign entities. All requests for the services of the Institute shall be made in accordance with the rules and regulations herein established.

(Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, §3, 31 Stat. 1449; Pub. L. 92–317, §3(c), June 22, 1972, 86 Stat. 235; Pub. L. 100–418, title V, §5115(a)(1), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1433.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

"Herein", referred to in last sentence of this section, refers to act Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, which is classified generally to this chapter.

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–418 substituted "Institute" for "Bureau" and for "bureau".

1972—Pub. L. 92–317 authorized the Bureau to extend its services to international organizations of which the United States is a member, and for governments of friendly countries in coordination with the Department of State.
15 U.S.C. § 1667d (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE / Section 1667d: Civil liability of lessors
Civil liability of lessors
Status: in_force

(a) Grounds for maintenance of action

Any lessor who fails to comply with any requirement imposed under section 1667a or 1667b of this title with respect to any person is liable to such person as provided in section 1640 of this title.

(b) Additional grounds for maintenance of action; "creditor" defined

Any lessor who fails to comply with any requirement imposed under section 1667c of this title with respect to any person who suffers actual damage from the violation is liable to such person as provided in section 1640 of this title. For the purposes of this section, the term "creditor" as used in sections 1640 and 1641 of this title shall include a lessor as defined in this part.

(c) Jurisdiction of courts; time limitation

Notwithstanding section 1640(e) of this title, any action under this section may be brought in any United States district court or in any other court of competent jurisdiction. Such actions alleging a failure to disclose or otherwise comply with the requirements of this part shall be brought within one year of the termination of the lease agreement.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, §185, as added Pub. L. 94–240, §3, Mar. 23, 1976, 90 Stat. 260; amended Pub. L. 96–221, title VI, §624, Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 185.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–221 struck out applicability of section 1614 of this title to term "creditor".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–221 effective on expiration of two years and six months after Mar. 31, 1980, with all regulations, forms, and clauses required to be prescribed to be promulgated at least one year prior to such effective date, and allowing any creditor to comply with any amendments, in accordance with the regulations, forms, and clauses prescribed by the Board prior to such effective date, see section 625 of Pub. L. 96–221, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 8112 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 107: PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS / Subchapter I: COORDINATION AND STRATEGIC PLANNING OF FEDERAL EFFORT AGAINST COUNTERFEITING AND INFRINGEMENT / Section 8112: Definition
Definition
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter, the term "intellectual property enforcement" means matters relating to the enforcement of laws protecting copyrights, patents, trademarks, other forms of intellectual property, and trade secrets, both in the United States and abroad, including in particular matters relating to combating counterfeit and infringing goods.

(Pub. L. 110–403, title III, §302, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4266.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 110–403, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4264, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 1359 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 37: STATE TECHNICAL SERVICES / Section 1359: Advisory councils for technical services; appointment; functions; compensation and expenses
Advisory councils for technical services; appointment; functions; compensation and expenses
Status: in_force

Each designated agency shall appoint an advisory council for technical services, the members of which shall represent broad community interests and shall be qualified to evaluate programs submitted under section 1354 of this title. The advisory council shall review each annual program, evaluate its relation to the purposes of this chapter, and report its findings to the designated agency and the Governor or his designee. Each report of each advisory council shall be available to the Secretary on request. Members of any such advisory council shall not be compensated for serving as such, but may be reimbursed for necessary expenses incurred by them in connection with attending meetings of any advisory council of which they are members.

(Pub. L. 89–182, §9, Sept. 14, 1965, 79 Stat. 682.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Advisory Councils

Advisory councils in existence on Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following Jan. 5, 1973, unless, in the case of a council established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such council is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a council established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
15 U.S.C. § 6758 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 93: INSURANCE / Subchapter III: NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REGISTERED AGENTS AND BROKERS / Section 6758: Liability of the Association and the Board members, officers, and employees of the Association
Liability of the Association and the Board members, officers, and employees of the Association
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Association shall not be deemed to be an insurer or insurance producer within the meaning of any State law, rule, regulation, or order regulating or taxing insurers, insurance producers, or other entities engaged in the business of insurance, including provisions imposing premium taxes, regulating insurer solvency or financial condition, establishing guaranty funds and levying assessments, or requiring claims settlement practices.

(b) Liability of Board members, officers, and employees

No Board member, officer, or employee of the Association shall be personally liable to any person for any action taken or omitted in good faith in any matter within the scope of their responsibilities in connection with the Association.

(Pub. L. 106–102, title III, §328, as added Pub. L. 114–1, title II, §202(a), Jan. 12, 2015, 129 Stat. 25.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to this section were contained in section 6761 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 114–1.

A prior section 6758, Pub. L. 106–102, title III, §328, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1427, related to bylaws, rules, and disciplinary action, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 114–1. See section 6755 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 690q (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 14B: SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT PROGRAM / Subchapter III: INVESTMENT DIVISION PROGRAMS / Section 690q: Termination
Termination
Status: in_force

The program under this part shall terminate at the end of the second full fiscal year after the date that the Administrator establishes the program under this part.

(Pub. L. 85–699, title III, §398, as added Pub. L. 110–140, title XII, §1207, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1783.)
15 U.S.C. § 6901 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 95: MICROENTERPRISE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM / Section 6901: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Administration

The term "Administration" means the Small Business Administration.

(2) Administrator

The term "Administrator" means the Administrator of the Small Business Administration.

(3) Capacity building services

The term "capacity building services" means services provided to an organization that is, or that is in the process of becoming, a microenterprise development organization or program, for the purpose of enhancing its ability to provide training and services to disadvantaged entrepreneurs.

(4) Collaborative

The term "collaborative" means 2 or more nonprofit entities that agree to act jointly as a qualified organization under this chapter.

(5) Disadvantaged entrepreneur

The term "disadvantaged entrepreneur" means a microentrepreneur that is—

(A) a low-income person;

(B) a very low-income person; or

(C) an entrepreneur that lacks adequate access to capital or other resources essential for business success, or is economically disadvantaged, as determined by the Administrator.

(6) Indian tribe

The term "Indian tribe" has the meaning given the term in section 4702 of title 12.

(7) Intermediary

The term "intermediary" means a private, nonprofit entity that seeks to serve microenterprise development organizations and programs as authorized under section 6904 of this title.

(8) Low-income person

The term "low-income person" has the meaning given the term in section 4702 of title 12.

(9) Microentrepreneur

The term "microentrepreneur" means the owner or developer of a microenterprise.

(10) Microenterprise

The term "microenterprise" means a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation that—

(A) has fewer than 5 employees; and

(B) generally lacks access to conventional loans, equity, or other banking services.

(11) Microenterprise development organization or program

The term "microenterprise development organization or program" means a nonprofit entity, or a program administered by such an entity, including community development corporations or other nonprofit development organizations and social service organizations, that provides services to disadvantaged entrepreneurs.

(12) Training and technical assistance

The term "training and technical assistance" means services and support provided to disadvantaged entrepreneurs, such as assistance for the purpose of enhancing business planning, marketing, management, financial management skills, and assistance for the purpose of accessing financial services.

(13) Very low-income person

The term "very low-income person" means having an income, adjusted for family size, of not more than 150 percent of the poverty line (as defined in section 9902(2) of title 42, including any revision required by that section).

(Pub. L. 103–325, title I, §172, as added Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, §725, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1472.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 103–325, title I, §171, as added by Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, §725, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1471, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle C (§§171–181) of title I of Pub. L. 103–325, as added by Pub. L. 106–102, enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Program for Investment in Microentrepreneurs Act of 1999', also referred to as the 'PRIME Act'."
15 U.S.C. § 15b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 1: MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE / Section 15b: Limitation of actions
Limitation of actions
Status: in_force

Any action to enforce any cause of action under section 15, 15a, or 15c of this title shall be forever barred unless commenced within four years after the cause of action accrued. No cause of action barred under existing law on the effective date of this Act shall be revived by this Act.

(Oct. 15, 1914, ch. 323, §4B, as added July 7, 1955, ch. 283, §1, 69 Stat. 283; amended Pub. L. 94–435, title III, §302(1), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1396.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The effective date of this Act, referred to in text, probably refers to the effective date of act July 7, 1955, ch. 283, 69 Stat. 282, which was six months after July 7, 1955.

This Act, referred to in text, probably refers to act July 7, 1955.

Amendments

1976—Pub. L. 94–435 substituted "section 15, 15a, or 15c" for "sections 15 or 15a".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Act July 7, 1955, ch. 283, §4, 69 Stat. 283, provided: "This Act [enacting this section and section 15a of this title, amending section 16 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 15 of this title] shall take effect six months after its enactment [July 7, 1955]."
15 U.S.C. § 251 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 6: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND STANDARD TIME / Subchapter VII: STANDARD BASKETS AND CONTAINERS / Section 251: Repealed. Pub. L. 90-628, §1(a), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320
Repealed. Pub. L. 90-628, §1(a), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320
Status: repealed

Section 251, acts Aug. 31, 1916, ch. 426, §1, 39 Stat. 673; June 11, 1934, ch. 447, §1, 48 Stat. 930, set standards for Climax baskets for grapes and other fruits and vegetables and for mushrooms.

Section 252, act Aug. 31, 1916, ch. 426, §2, 39 Stat. 673, set standards for standard basket or container for small fruits and vegetables.

Section 253, acts Aug. 31, 1916, ch. 426, §3, 39 Stat. 674; June 11, 1934, c. 447, §2, 48 Stat. 930, set penalties for failure to conform to standards.

Section 254, act Aug. 31, 1916, ch. 426, §4, 39 Stat. 674, provided for examinations and tests by Department of Agriculture and for promulgation of rules and regulations covering allowable tolerances and variations.

Section 255, acts Aug. 31, 1916, ch. 426, §5, 39 Stat. 674; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §1, 62 Stat. 909, made United States attorney responsible for commencing actions to enforce penalties.

Section 256, act Aug. 31, 1916, ch. 426, §6, 39 Stat. 674, covered guaranty given by manufacturers or sellers of baskets as to correctness of such containers.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Pub. L. 90–628, §3, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, provided that: "This Act [repealing sections 251 to 257i of this title and amending section 1459 of this title] shall become effective 60 days after enactment [Oct. 22, 1968]."
15 U.S.C. § 8221 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 108: STATE-BASED INSURANCE REFORM / Subchapter II: REINSURANCE / Section 8221: Regulation of credit for reinsurance and reinsurance agreements
Regulation of credit for reinsurance and reinsurance agreements
Status: in_force

(a) Credit for reinsurance

If the State of domicile of a ceding insurer is an NAIC-accredited State, or has financial solvency requirements substantially similar to the requirements necessary for NAIC accreditation, and recognizes credit for reinsurance for the insurer's ceded risk, then no other State may deny such credit for reinsurance.

(b) Additional preemption of extraterritorial application of State law

In addition to the application of subsection (a), all laws, regulations, provisions, or other actions of a State that is not the domiciliary State of the ceding insurer, except those with respect to taxes and assessments on insurance companies or insurance income, are preempted to the extent that they—

(1) restrict or eliminate the rights of the ceding insurer or the assuming insurer to resolve disputes pursuant to contractual arbitration to the extent such contractual provision is not inconsistent with the provisions of title 9;

(2) require that a certain State's law shall govern the reinsurance contract, disputes arising from the reinsurance contract, or requirements of the reinsurance contract;

(3) attempt to enforce a reinsurance contract on terms different than those set forth in the reinsurance contract, to the extent that the terms are not inconsistent with this subchapter; or

(4) otherwise apply the laws of the State to reinsurance agreements of ceding insurers not domiciled in that State.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title V, §531, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1595.)
15 U.S.C. § 1693h (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter VI: ELECTRONIC FUND TRANSFERS / Section 1693h: Liability of financial institutions
Liability of financial institutions
Status: in_force

(a) Action or failure to act proximately causing damages

Subject to subsections (b) and (c), a financial institution shall be liable to a consumer for all damages proximately caused by—

(1) the financial institution's failure to make an electronic fund transfer, in accordance with the terms and conditions of an account, in the correct amount or in a timely manner when properly instructed to do so by the consumer, except where—

(A) the consumer's account has insufficient funds;

(B) the funds are subject to legal process or other encumbrance restricting such transfer;

(C) such transfer would exceed an established credit limit;

(D) an electronic terminal has insufficient cash to complete the transaction; or

(E) as otherwise provided in regulations of the Bureau;

(2) the financial institution's failure to make an electronic fund transfer due to insufficient funds when the financal 1 institution failed to credit, in accordance with the terms and conditions of an account, a deposit of funds to the consumer's account which would have provided sufficient funds to make the transfer, and

(3) the financial institution's failure to stop payment of a preauthorized transfer from a consumer's account when instructed to do so in accordance with the terms and conditions of the account.

(b) Acts of God and technical malfunctions

A financial institution shall not be liable under subsection (a)(1) or (2) if the financial institution shows by a preponderance of the evidence that its action or failure to act resulted from—

(1) an act of God or other circumstance beyond its control, that it exercised reasonable care to prevent such an occurrence, and that it exercised such diligence as the circumstances required; or

(2) a technical malfunction which was known to the consumer at the time he attempted to initiate an electronic fund transfer or, in the case of a preauthorized transfer, at the time such transfer should have occurred.

(c) Intent

In the case of a failure described in subsection (a) which was not intentional and which resulted from a bona fide error, notwithstanding the maintenance of procedures reasonably adapted to avoid any such error, the financial institution shall be liable for actual damages proved.

(d) Exception for damaged notices

If the notice required to be posted pursuant to section 1693b(d)(3)(B)(i) of this title by an automated teller machine operator has been posted by such operator in compliance with such section and the notice is subsequently removed, damaged, or altered by any person other than the operator of the automated teller machine, the operator shall have no liability under this section for failure to comply with section 1693b(d)(3)(B)(i) of this title.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title IX, §910, as added Pub. L. 95–630, title XX, §2001, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3735; amended Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, §705, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1465; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1084(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2081.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Subsec. (a)(1)(E). Pub. L. 111–203 substituted "Bureau" for "Board".

1999—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–102 added subsec. (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

1 So in original. Probably should be "financial".
15 U.S.C. § 7423 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 100A: CYBERSECURITY ENHANCEMENT / Section 7423: No additional funds authorized
No additional funds authorized
Status: in_force

No additional funds are authorized to carry out this Act, and the amendments made by this Act. This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall be carried out using amounts otherwise authorized or appropriated.

(Pub. L. 113–274, §4, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2972.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 113–274, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2971, which enacted this chapter and amended sections 272, 278g–3, 7403, and 7406 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7421 of this title and Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 141 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 4: CHINA TRADE / Section 141: Short title
Short title
Status: in_force

This chapter may be cited as the "China Trade Act, 1922."

(Sept. 19, 1922, ch. 346, §1, 42 Stat. 849.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning act Sept. 19, 1922, ch. 346, 42 Stat. 849. The Act (except sections 21 to 27) is classified to this chapter. Sections 21 to 27 of the Act amended title II of the Revenue Act of 1921, which was repealed by section 1100 of the Revenue Act of 1924 (43 Stat. 352).
15 U.S.C. § 1224 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 27: AUTOMOBILE DEALER SUITS AGAINST MANUFACTURERS / Section 1224: Antitrust laws as affected
Antitrust laws as affected
Status: in_force

No provision of this chapter shall repeal, modify, or supersede, directly or indirectly, any provision of the antitrust laws of the United States.

(Aug. 8, 1956, ch. 1038, §4, 70 Stat. 1125.)
15 U.S.C. § 4625 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 72: SEMICONDUCTOR RESEARCH / Subchapter II: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH EXCELLENCE INITIATIVE / Section 4625: Other Department of Energy resources
Other Department of Energy resources
Status: in_force

(a) Availability of resources

Subject to subsection (b), the Secretary of Energy may make available to the Department of Defense, to any other department or agency of the Federal Government, and to any consortium that has entered into an agreement in furtherance of the Initiative any facilities, personnel, equipment, services, and other resources of the Department of Energy for the purpose of conducting research and development projects under the Initiative consistent with section 4623(a) of this title.

(b) Reimbursement

The Secretary may make facilities available under this section only to the extent that the cost of the use of such facilities is reimbursed by the user.

(Pub. L. 100–180, div. C, title I, §3145, Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1243.)
15 U.S.C. § 714e (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 15: ECONOMIC RECOVERY / Subchapter II: COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION / Section 714e: Capital stock; amount; interest
Capital stock; amount; interest
Status: in_force

The Corporation shall have a capital stock of $100,000,000 which shall be subscribed by the United States. Such subscription shall be deemed to be fully paid by the transfer of assets to the Corporation pursuant to section 714n of this title. The Corporation shall pay interest to the United States Treasury on the amount of its capital stock, and on the amount of the obligations of the Corporation purchased by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to the Act of March 8, 1938 (U.S.C., title 15, sec. 713a–4), as amended, at such rates as may be determined by the Secretary of the Treasury to be appropriate in view of the terms for which such amounts are made available to the Corporation.

(June 29, 1948, ch. 704, §7, 62 Stat. 1072.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Act of March 8, 1938, referred to in text, is act Mar. 8, 1938, ch. 44, §§1–5, 52 Stat. 107, which was classified to sections 713a–1 to 713a–5 of this title. Sections 713a–1 and 713a–2 were repealed by Pub. L. 87–155, §1, Aug. 17, 1961, 75 Stat. 391, and section 713a–3 was omitted from the Code.

Executive Documents

Exceptions From Transfer of Functions

For exception of functions of corporations of Department of Agriculture from transfer of functions to Secretary of Agriculture by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1953, see Exceptions From Transfer of Functions note set out under section 712a of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 6610 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 92: YEAR 2000 COMPUTER DATE CHANGE / Section 6610: Damages limitation by contract
Damages limitation by contract
Status: in_force

In any Y2K action for breach or repudiation of contract, no party may claim, or be awarded, any category of damages unless such damages are allowed—

(1) by the express terms of the contract; or

(2) if the contract is silent on such damages, by operation of State law at the time the contract was effective or by operation of Federal law.

(Pub. L. 106–37, §11, July 20, 1999, 113 Stat. 199.)
15 U.S.C. § 1608 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 41: CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION / Subchapter I: CONSUMER CREDIT COST DISCLOSURE / Section 1608: Views of other agencies
Views of other agencies
Status: in_force

In the exercise of its functions under this subchapter, the Bureau may obtain upon requests the views of any other Federal agency which, in the judgment of the Bureau, exercises regulatory or supervisory functions with respect to any class of creditors subject to this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 90–321, title I, §109, May 29, 1968, 82 Stat. 150; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1100A(2), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2107.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Pub. L. 111–203 substituted "Bureau" for "Board" in two places.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
15 U.S.C. § 5903 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 85: ARMORED CAR INDUSTRY RECIPROCITY / Section 5903: Relation to other laws
Relation to other laws
Status: in_force

This chapter shall supersede any provision of State law (or the law of any political subdivision of a State) that is inconsistent with this chapter.

(Pub. L. 103–55, §4, July 28, 1993, 107 Stat. 277.)
15 U.S.C. § 6781 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 93: INSURANCE / Subchapter IV: RENTAL CAR AGENCY INSURANCE ACTIVITIES / Section 6781: Standard of regulation for motor vehicle rentals
Standard of regulation for motor vehicle rentals
Status: in_force

(a) Protection against retroactive application of regulatory and legal action

Except as provided in subsection (b), during the 3-year period beginning on November 12, 1999, it shall be a presumption that no State law imposes any licensing, appointment, or education requirements on any person who solicits the purchase of or sells insurance connected with, and incidental to, the lease or rental of a motor vehicle.

(b) Preeminence of State insurance law

No provision of this section shall be construed as altering the validity, interpretation, construction, or effect of—

(1) any State statute;

(2) the prospective application of any court judgment interpreting or applying any State statute; or

(3) the prospective application of any final State regulation, order, bulletin, or other statutorily authorized interpretation or action,

which, by its specific terms, expressly regulates or exempts from regulation any person who solicits the purchase of or sells insurance connected with, and incidental to, the short-term lease or rental of a motor vehicle.

(c) Scope of application

This section shall apply with respect to—

(1) the lease or rental of a motor vehicle for a total period of 90 consecutive days or less; and

(2) insurance which is provided in connection with, and incidentally to, such lease or rental for a period of consecutive days not exceeding the lease or rental period.

(d) Motor vehicle defined

For purposes of this section, the term "motor vehicle" has the same meaning as in section 13102 of title 49.

(Pub. L. 106–102, title III, §341, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1434.)
15 U.S.C. § 6717 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 93: INSURANCE / Subchapter I: STATE REGULATION OF INSURANCE / Section 6717: Definition of State
Definition of State
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter, the term "State" means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, any territory of the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

(Pub. L. 106–102, title III, §308, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1417.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This subchapter, referred to in text, was in original "this subtitle", meaning subtitle A (§301 et seq.) of title III of Pub. L. 106–102, which enacted this subchapter and section 1831x of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of this subtitle to the Code, see Tables.

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
15 U.S.C. § 5109 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 77: STEEL AND ALUMINUM ENERGY CONSERVATION AND TECHNOLOGY COMPETITIVENESS / Section 5109: Relation of existing program
Relation of existing program
Status: in_force

Proposals received by the Department of Energy before November 17, 1988, may be carried out without regard to changes in the management plan and research plan required by this chapter.

(Pub. L. 100–680, §10, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4076.)
15 U.S.C. § 6209 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 88: INTERNATIONAL ANTITRUST ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE / Section 6209: Preservation of existing authority
Preservation of existing authority
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The authority provided by this chapter is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other authority vested in the Attorney General, the Commission, or any other officer of the United States.

(b) Attorney General and Commission

This chapter shall not be construed to modify or affect the allocation of responsibility between the Attorney General and the Commission for the enforcement of the Federal antitrust laws.

(Pub. L. 103–438, §10, Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4602.)
15 U.S.C. § 279 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 7: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY / Section 279: Absence of Director
Absence of Director
Status: in_force

In the case of the absence of the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology the Secretary of Commerce may designate some officer of said Institute to perform the duties of the director during his absence.

(Mar. 4, 1911, ch. 237, §1, 36 Stat. 1231; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §1, 37 Stat. 736; Pub. L. 100–418, title V, §5115(c), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1433.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–418 substituted "National Institute of Standards and Technology" for "Bureau of Standards" and "Institute" for "bureau".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" for "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".
15 U.S.C. § 8308 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 109: WALL STREET TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY / Subchapter I: REGULATION OF OVER-THE-COUNTER SWAPS MARKETS / Section 8308: Memorandum
Memorandum
Status: in_force

(a)(1) The Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission shall, not later than 180 days after July 21, 2010, negotiate a memorandum of understanding to establish procedures for—

(A) applying their respective authorities in a manner so as to ensure effective and efficient regulation in the public interest;

(B) resolving conflicts concerning overlapping jurisdiction between the 2 agencies; and

(C) avoiding, to the extent possible, conflicting or duplicative regulation.

(2) Such memorandum and any subsequent amendments to the memorandum shall be promptly submitted to the appropriate committees of Congress.

(b) The Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission shall, not later than 180 days after July 21, 2010, negotiate a memorandum of understanding to share information that may be requested where either Commission is conducting an investigation into potential manipulation, fraud, or market power abuse in markets subject to such Commission's regulation or oversight. Shared information shall remain subject to the same restrictions on disclosure applicable to the Commission initially holding the information.

(Pub. L. 111–203, title VII, §720, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1657.)
15 U.S.C. § 278c (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 7: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY / Section 278c: Acquisition of land for field sites
Acquisition of land for field sites
Status: in_force

To the extent that funds are specifically appropriated therefor, the Secretary of Commerce is authorized to acquire land for such field sites as are necessary for the proper and efficient conduct of the activities authorized herein.

(Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, §13, as added Pub. L. 85–890, §1, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1711.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

"Herein", referred to in text, refers to act Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, which is classified generally to this chapter.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 13 of act Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, as added July 22, 1950, ch. 486, §2, 64 Stat. 373, related to acceptance of gifts and bequests, prior to repeal by act Aug. 3, 1956. See sections 1522 and 1523 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 2225a (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 49: FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL / Section 2225a: Prohibiting Federal funding of conferences held at non-certified places of public accommodation
Prohibiting Federal funding of conferences held at non-certified places of public accommodation
Status: in_force

(a) In general

No Federal funds may be used to sponsor or fund in whole or in part a meeting, convention, conference, or training seminar that is conducted in, or that otherwise uses the rooms, facilities, or services of, a place of public accommodation that does not meet the requirements of the fire prevention and control guidelines described in section 2225 of this title.

(b) Waiver

(1) In general

The head of an agency of the Federal Government sponsoring or funding a particular meeting, convention, conference, or training seminar may waive the prohibition described in subsection (a) if the head of such agency determines that a waiver of such prohibition is necessary in the public interest in the case of such particular event.

(2) Delegation of authority

The head of an agency of the Federal Government may delegate the authority provided under paragraph (1) to waive the prohibition described in subsection (a) and to determine whether such a waiver is necessary in the public interest to an officer or employee of the agency if such officer or employee is given such authority with respect to all meetings, conventions, conferences, and training seminars sponsored or funded by the agency.

(c) Notice requirements

(1) Advertisements and applications

(A) Any advertisement for or application for attendance at a meeting, convention, conference, or training seminar sponsored or funded in whole or in part by the Federal Government shall include a notice regarding the prohibition described in subsection (a).

(B) The requirement described in subparagraph (A) shall not apply in the case of an event for which a head of an agency of the Federal Government, pursuant to subsection (b), waives the prohibition described in subsection (a).

(2) Providing notice to recipients of funds

(A) Each Executive department, Government corporation, and independent establishment providing Federal funds to non-Federal entities shall notify recipients of such funds of the prohibition described in subsection (a).

(B) In subparagraph (A), the terms "Executive department", "Government corporation", and "independent establishment" have the meanings given such terms in chapter 1 of title 5.

(d) Effective date

The provisions of this section shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year that begins after the expiration of the 425-day period that begins on the date of the publication in the Federal Register of the master list referred to in section 2224(b) of this title.

(Pub. L. 101–391, §6, Sept. 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 751.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Hotel and Motel Fire Safety Act of 1990, and not as part of the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974 which comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 190 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 5: STATISTICAL AND COMMERCIAL INFORMATION / Section 190: Discussions in commercial reports of partisan questions
Discussions in commercial reports of partisan questions
Status: in_force

No part of the consular and other commercial reports of the Department of Commerce, including circular letters to chambers of commerce, discussing partisan political, religious, or moral questions shall be published.

(Feb. 25, 1885, ch. 150, 23 Stat. 324; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, §10, 32 Stat. 829; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, §1, 37 Stat. 736.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Department of Commerce" for "Department of Commerce and Labor".

Transfer of Functions

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred Bureau of Statistics from Treasury Department to Department of Commerce and Labor.
15 U.S.C. § 6734 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 93: INSURANCE / Subchapter II: REDOMESTICATION OF MUTUAL INSURERS / Section 6734: Other provisions
Other provisions
Status: in_force

(a) Judicial review

The appropriate United States district court shall have exclusive jurisdiction over litigation arising under this section 1 involving any redomesticating or redomesticated insurer.

(b) Severability

If any provision of this section,1 or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of the section,1 and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 106–102, title III, §314, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1420.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This section, referred to in text, probably should be a reference to this subtitle, meaning subtitle B (§§311–316) of title III of Pub. L. 106–102, which is classified generally to this subchapter.

1 See References in Text note below.
15 U.S.C. § 77ttt (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 2A: SECURITIES AND TRUST INDENTURES / Subchapter III: TRUST INDENTURES / Section 77ttt: Hearings by Commission
Hearings by Commission
Status: in_force

Hearings may be public and may be held before the Commission, any member or members thereof, or any officer or officers of the Commission designated by it, and appropriate records thereof shall be kept.

(May 27, 1933, ch. 38, title III, §320, as added Aug. 3, 1939, ch. 411, 53 Stat. 1174.)

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of Securities and Exchange Commission, with certain exceptions, to Chairman of such Commission, see Reorg. Plan No. 10 of 1950, §§1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3175, 64 Stat. 1265, set out under section 78d of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 6907 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 95: MICROENTERPRISE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM / Section 6907: Applications for assistance
Applications for assistance
Status: in_force

An application for assistance under this chapter shall be submitted in such form and in accordance with such procedures as the Administrator shall establish.

(Pub. L. 103–325, title I, §178, as added Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, §725, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1474.)
15 U.S.C. § 3711b (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 63: TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION / Section 3711b: Conference on advanced automotive technologies
Conference on advanced automotive technologies
Status: in_force

Not later than 180 days after December 18, 1991, the Secretary of Commerce, through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Technology, in consultation with other appropriate officials, shall convene a conference of domestic motor vehicle manufacturers, parts suppliers, Federal laboratories, and motor vehicle users to explore ways in which cooperatively they can improve the competitiveness of the United States motor vehicle industry by developing new technologies which will enhance the safety and energy savings, and lessen the environmental impact of domestic motor vehicles, and the results of such conference shall be published and then submitted to the President and to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology and Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate.

(Pub. L. 96–480, §18, as added Pub. L. 102–240, title VI, §6019, Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2183.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives treated as referring to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 104–14, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 2.
15 U.S.C. § 2435 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 51: NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE / Subchapter III: FEDERAL AGENCY COORDINATION AND LIAISON WITH CENTER / Section 2435: Other statutory obligations
Other statutory obligations
Status: in_force

Nothing in this subchapter affects any specific statutory obligation of any Federal agency (1) to coordinate or consult with any other Federal or State agency or (2) to act, or to refrain from acting, contingent upon the recommendations or certification of any other Federal or State agency.

(Pub. L. 94–136, title III, §305, Nov. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 741.)
15 U.S.C. § 2621 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 53: TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL / Subchapter I: CONTROL OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES / Section 2621: National defense waiver
National defense waiver
Status: in_force

The Administrator shall waive compliance with any provision of this chapter upon a request and determination by the President that the requested waiver is necessary in the interest of national defense. The Administrator shall maintain a written record of the basis upon which such waiver was granted and make such record available for in camera examination when relevant in a judicial proceeding under this chapter. Upon the issuance of such a waiver, the Administrator shall publish in the Federal Register a notice that the waiver was granted for national defense purposes, unless, upon the request of the President, the Administrator determines to omit such publication because the publication itself would be contrary to the interests of national defense, in which event the Administrator shall submit notice thereof to the Armed Services Committees of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

(Pub. L. 94–469, title I, §22, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2044; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 99–519, §3(c)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2989.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Jan. 1, 1977, see section 31 of Pub. L. 94–469, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 1831 (2024) — Title 15: COMMERCE AND TRADE / Chapter 44: PROTECTION OF HORSES / Section 1831: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this chapter $125,000 for the period beginning July 1, 1976, and ending September 30, 1976; and for the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1976, and for each fiscal year thereafter there are authorized to be appropriated such sums, not to exceed $500,000, as may be necessary to carry out this chapter.

(Pub. L. 91–540, §12, Dec. 9, 1970, 84 Stat. 1407; Pub. L. 94–360, §10, July 13, 1976, 90 Stat. 921.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1976—Pub. L. 94–360 substituted provisions authorizing $125,000 to be appropriated for the period beginning July 1, 1976 and ending September 30, 1976, and $500,000 to be appropriated for the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1976, and each fiscal year thereafter, to carry out the purposes of this chapter, for provisions authorizing not more than $100,000 to be appropriated annually to carry out the provisions of this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Section 10 of Pub. L. 94–360 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective July 1, 1976.