7 U.S.C. § 1348 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1348: Payments in kind to equalize cost of cotton to domestic and foreign users; rules and regulations; termination date; persons eligible; amount; terms and conditions; raw cotton in inventory
Payments in kind to equalize cost of cotton to domestic and foreign users; rules and regulations; termination date; persons eligible; amount; terms and conditions; raw cotton in inventory
Status: in_force

In order to maintain and expand domestic consumption of upland cotton produced in the United States and to prevent discrimination against the domestic users of such cotton, notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Commodity Credit Corporation, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, is authorized and directed for the period beginning with April 11, 1964 and ending July 31, 1966, to make payments through the issuance of payment-in-kind certificates to persons other than producers in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as the Secretary determines will eliminate inequities due to differences in the cost of raw cotton between domestic and foreign users of such cotton, including such payments as may be necessary to make raw cotton in inventory on April 11, 1964 available for consumption at prices consistent with the purposes of this section: Provided, That for the period beginning August 1 of the marketing year for the first crop for which price support is made available under section 1444(b) of this title, and ending July 31, 1966, such payments shall be made in an amount which will make upland cotton produced in the United States available for domestic use at a price which is not in excess of the price at which such cotton is made available for export. The Secretary may extend the period for performance of obligations incurred in connection with payments made for the period ending July 31, 1966, or may make payments on raw cotton in inventory on July 31, 1966, at the rate in effect on such date. No payments shall be made hereunder with respect to 1966 crop cotton.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §348, as added Pub. L. 88–297, title I, §101, Apr. 11, 1964, 78 Stat. 173; amended Pub. L. 89–321, title IV, §401(1), Nov. 3, 1965, 79 Stat. 1192.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1348, acts Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §348, 52 Stat. 59; Aug. 29, 1949, ch. 518, §1, 63 Stat. 675; Aug. 28, 1954, ch. 1041, title III, §311(a), 68 Stat. 904, prohibited agricultural conservation program payments to any farmer who knowingly harvested any basic commodity in excess of his acreage allotment and was repealed by act May 23, 1955, ch. 45, 69 Stat. 65, effective with respect to 1955 and subsequent crops.

Amendments

1965—Pub. L. 89–321 authorized Secretary to extend period for performance of obligations incurred in connection with payments made for period ending July 31, 1966, or to make payments in raw cotton in inventory on July 31, 1966.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Inapplicability of Section

Section inapplicable to 2014 through 2018 crops of covered commodities, cotton, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Feb. 7, 2014, through Dec. 31, 2018, see section 9092(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2008 through 2012 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning June 18, 2008, through Dec. 31, 2012, see section 8782(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning May 13, 2002, through Dec. 31, 2007, see section 7992(a)(1) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 1996 through 2001 crops of loan commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Apr. 4, 1996, and ending Dec. 31, 2002, see section 7301(a)(1)(A) of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 225 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 225: Laws unaffected
Laws unaffected
Status: in_force

Nothing contained in this chapter, except as otherwise provided herein, shall be construed—

(a) To prevent or interfere with the enforcement of, or the procedure under, the provisions of the Act entitled "An Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies," approved July 2, 1890, the Act entitled "An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes," approved October 15, 1914, the Interstate Commerce Act as amended, the Act entitled "An Act to promote export trade, and for other purposes," approved April 10, 1918 [15 U.S.C. 61 et seq.] or sections 73 to 76, inclusive, of the Act of August 27, 1894, entitled "An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes," as amended by the Act entitled "An Act to amend sections seventy-three and seventy-six of the Act of August twenty-seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-four, entitled 'An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes,' " approved February 12, 1913, or

(b) To alter, modify, or repeal such Acts or any part or parts thereof, or

(c) To prevent or interfere with any investigation, proceeding, or prosecution begun and pending on August 15, 1921.

(Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title IV, §405, 42 Stat. 168; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title IV, §14102(c)(2)(C), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1921.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Act entitled "An Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies", approved July 2, 1890, referred to in subsec. (a), means act July 2, 1890, ch. 647, 26 Stat. 209, known as the Sherman Act, which enacted sections 1 to 7 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1 of Title 15 and Tables.

The Act entitled "An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies and for other purposes", approved October 15, 1914, referred to in subsec. (a), is act Oct. 15, 1914, ch. 323, 38 Stat. 730, known as the Clayton Act, which is classified generally to sections 12, 13, 14 to 19, 21, and 22 to 27 of Title 15, and sections 52 and 53 of Title 29, Labor. For further details and complete classification of the Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 12 of Title 15 and Tables.

The Interstate Commerce Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is act Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, which was classified to chapters 1 (§1 et seq.), 8 (§301 et seq.), 12 (§901 et seq.), 13 (§1001 et seq.), and 19 (1231 et seq.) of Title 49, Transportation. The Act was repealed by Pub. L. 95–473, §4(b), Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1467, the first section of which enacted subtitle IV (§10101 et seq.) of Title 49. For distribution of former sections of Title 49 into the revised Title 49, see Table at the beginning of Title 49.

The Act entitled "An Act to promote export trade and for other purposes", approved April 10, 1918, referred to in subsec. (a), means act Apr. 10, 1918, ch. 50, 40 Stat. 516, known as the Webb-Pomerene Act, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§61 et seq.) of chapter 2 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 66 of Title 15 and Tables.

Sections 73 to 76, inclusive, of the Act of August 27, 1894, entitled "An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes", referred to in subsec. (a), are sections 73 to 76 of act Aug. 27, 1894, ch. 349, 28 Stat. 570, and are known as the Wilson Tariff Act. Sections 73 to 76 enacted sections 8 to 11 of Title 15. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8 of Title 15 and Tables.

The Act entitled "An Act to amend sections seventy-three and seventy-six of the Act of August twenty-seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-four, entitled, 'An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes'," approved February 12, 1913, referred to in subsec. (a), is act Feb. 12, 1913, ch. 40, 37 Stat. 667, which is classified to sections 8 and 11 of Title 15.

Amendments

2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–273 substituted "sections 73 to 76" for "sections 73 to 77".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–273 effective Nov. 2, 2002, and applicable only with respect to cases commenced on or after Nov. 2, 2002, see section 14103 of Pub. L. 107–273, set out as a note under section 3 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.
7 U.S.C. § 2328 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 57: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION / Subchapter I: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION OFFICE / Section 2328: Library
Library
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall maintain a library of scientific and other works and periodicals, both foreign and domestic, in the Plant Variety Protection Office to aid the examiners in the discharge of their duties.

(Pub. L. 91–577, title I, §8, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1543; Pub. L. 96–574, §3, Dec. 22, 1980, 94 Stat. 3350.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1980—Pub. L. 96–574 substituted "examiners" for "officers".
7 U.S.C. § 397 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 15: BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY / Section 397: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, acts Aug. 28, 1954, ch. 1041, title II, §204(e), 68 Stat. 900; Apr. 2, 1956, ch. 159, §2, 70 Stat. 87, authorized transfer of Commodity Credit Corporation funds not to exceed $17,000,000 for fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 and not to exceed $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1957 and 1958 for brucellosis eradication, indemnification for destroyed cattle and administrative expenses and authorized appropriations to reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation for the expenditures.
7 U.S.C. § 1727c (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter III: EMERGENCY AND PRIVATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS / Section 1727c: Direct uses or sales of commodities
Direct uses or sales of commodities
Status: in_force

Agricultural commodities provided to a least developed country under this section—

(1) may be used in such country for—

(A) direct feeding programs, including programs that include activities that deal directly with the special health needs of children and mothers consistent with section 2151b(c)(2) of title 22, relating to the Child Survival Fund; or

(B) the development of emergency food reserves; or

(2) may be sold in such country by the government of the country or the Administrator (or their designees) as provided in the agreement, and the proceeds of such sale used in accordance with this subchapter.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title III, §304, as added Pub. L. 95–88, title II, §211(a)(2), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 550; amended Pub. L. 95–424, title II, §202, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 955; Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3642.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 304 of act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title III, 68 Stat. 459, enacted section 1693 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 89–808, §2(D), Nov. 11, 1966, 80 Stat. 1535.

Amendments

1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions relating to furnishing of credit by Commodity Credit Corporation to participating country for purchase of commodities, payment by recipient government, waiver of requirements to meet humanitarian or developmental objectives, and payment of freight charges of relatively least developed countries.

1978—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–424 added subsec. (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 215 of Pub. L. 95–88, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1702 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 94 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 4: NAVAL STORES / Section 94: Supplying duplicates of standards; examination, etc., of naval stores and certification thereof
Supplying duplicates of standards; examination, etc., of naval stores and certification thereof
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Agriculture shall provide, if practicable, any interested persons with duplicates of the official naval stores standards of the United States upon request accompanied by tender of satisfactory security for the return thereof, under such regulations as he may prescribe. The Secretary of Agriculture shall examine, if practicable, upon request of any interested person, any naval stores and shall analyze, classify, or grade the same under such regulations as he may prescribe. He shall furnish a certificate showing the analysis, classification, or grade of such naval stores, which certificate shall be prima facie evidence of the analysis, classification, or grade of such naval stores and of the contents of any package from which the same may have been taken, as well as of the correctness of such analysis, classification, or grade and shall be admissible as such in any court.

(Mar. 3, 1923, ch. 217, §4, 42 Stat. 1436; Pub. L. 97–35, title I, §159(a)(1), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 376.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1981—Pub. L. 97–35 struck out "on tender of the cost thereof as required by him," after "grade the same".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Pub. L. 97–35, title I, §159(b), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 376, provided that: "The provisions of this section [amending this section and section 98 of this title] shall become effective October 1, 1981".
7 U.S.C. § 2008t (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008t: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VI, §6601(a)(1)(G), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4776
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title VI, §6601(a)(1)(G), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4776
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §379F, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title VI, §6023, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1176, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VI, §6023, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1937, related to grants for expansion of employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities in rural areas.
7 U.S.C. § 1306 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1306: Projected yields; determination; base period
Projected yields; determination; base period
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in the determination of farm yields the Secretary may use projected yields in lieu of normal yields. In the determination of such yields the Secretary shall take into account the actual yield proved by the producer for the base period used in determining the projected yield, and the projected yield shall not be less than such actual yield proved by the producer.

(Pub. L. 89–321, title VII, §708, Nov. 3, 1965, 79 Stat. 1211; Pub. L. 91–524, title IV, §405(b), as added Pub. L. 93–86, §1(12)(a), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 229.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1965, and not as part of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1973—Pub. L. 91–524, §405(b), as added by Pub. L. 93–86, temporarily inserted "(except that in the case of wheat, if the yield is abnormally low in any one of the calendar years of the base period because of drought, flood, or other natural disaster, the Secretary shall take into account the actual yield proved by the producer in the other four years of such base period)" after "determining the projected yield". See Effective and Termination Dates of 1973 Amendment note below.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective and Termination Dates of 1973 Amendment

Pub. L. 91–524, title IV, §405(b), as added by Pub. L. 93–86, §1(12)(a), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 229, provided that the amendment made by Pub. L. 91–524 is effective with respect to the 1974 through 1977 crops.
7 U.S.C. § 2266b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2266b: Eligibility for operators on heirs property land to obtain a farm number
Eligibility for operators on heirs property land to obtain a farm number
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Eligible documentation

The term "eligible documentation", with respect to land for which a farm operator seeks assignment of a farm number under subsection (b)(1), includes—

(A) in States that have adopted a statute consisting of an enactment or adoption of the Uniform Partition of Heirs Property Act, as approved and recommended for enactment in all States by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 2010—

(i) a court order verifying the land meets the definition of heirs property (as defined in that Act); or

(ii) a certification from the local recorder of deeds that the recorded owner of the land is deceased and not less than 1 heir of the recorded owner of the land has initiated a procedure to retitle the land in the name of the rightful heir;

(B) a fully executed, unrecorded tenancy-in-common agreement that sets out ownership rights and responsibilities among all of the owners of the land that—

(i) has been approved by a majority of the ownership interests in that property;

(ii) has given a particular owner the right to manage and control any portion or all of the land for purposes of operating a farm or ranch; and

(iii) was validly entered into under the authority of the jurisdiction in which the land is located;

(C) the tax return of a farm operator farming a property with undivided interests for each of the 5 years preceding the date on which the farm operator submits the tax returns as eligible documentation under subsection (b);

(D) self-certification that the farm operator has control of the land for purposes of operating a farm or ranch; and

(E) any other documentation identified by the Secretary under subsection (c).

(2) Farm number

The term "farm number" has the meaning given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on December 20, 2018).

(b) Farm number

(1) In general

The Secretary shall provide for the assignment of a farm number to any farm operator who provides any form of eligible documentation for purposes of demonstrating that the farm operator has control of the land for purposes of defining that land as a farm.

(2) Eligibility

Any farm number provided under paragraph (1) shall be sufficient to satisfy any requirement of the Secretary to have a farm number to participate in a program of the Secretary.

(c) Eligible documentation

The Secretary shall identify alternative forms of eligible documentation that a farm operator may provide in seeking the assignment of a farm number under subsection (b)(1).

(Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, §12615, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 5014.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition of "Secretary"

"Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 2 of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as a note under section 9001 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 4309 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 74: FLORAL RESEARCH AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 4309: Suspension and termination of orders
Suspension and termination of orders
Status: in_force

(a) Prerequisites

Whenever the Secretary finds that any order issued under this chapter, or any provisions thereof, obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the declared policy of this chapter, the Secretary shall terminate or suspend the operation of such order or such provisions thereof.

(b) Referendum

The Secretary may conduct a referendum at any time, and shall hold a referendum on request of 10 per centum or more of the number of producers and importers voting in the referendum approving the order, to determine whether such producers and importers favor the termination or suspension of the order, and shall suspend or terminate such order six months after the Secretary determines that suspension or termination of the order is approved or favored by a majority of the producers and importers voting in such referendum who, during a representative period determined by the Secretary, have been engaged in the production or importation of flowers and plants.

(c) Nature of order

The termination or suspension of any order, or any provision thereof, shall not be considered an order within the meaning of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 97–98, title XVII, §1710, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1354.)
7 U.S.C. § 5853 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 88: RESEARCH / Subchapter III: NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL WEATHER INFORMATION SYSTEM / Section 5853: Repealed. Pub. L. 107-171, title VII, §7304(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 455
Repealed. Pub. L. 107-171, title VII, §7304(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 455
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1639, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3749; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, §407(7), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1865, related to establishment of National Advisory Board on Agricultural Weather.
7 U.S.C. § 10 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 1: COMMODITY EXCHANGES / Section 10: Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948
Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948
Status: repealed

Section, acts Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 369, §6(b), 42 Stat. 1001; June 15, 1936, ch. 545, §8(k), 49 Stat. 1499, related to review by Supreme Court on certiorari. See section 1254 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
7 U.S.C. § 1471a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter V: EMERGENCY LIVESTOCK FEED ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1988 / Section 1471a: Emergency livestock assistance
Emergency livestock assistance
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary shall provide emergency feed assistance under this subchapter for the preservation and maintenance of livestock in any State or area of a State where, because of disease, insect infestation, flood, drought, fire, hurricane, earthquake, storm, hot weather, or other natural disaster, the Secretary determines that a livestock emergency exists.

(b)(1) The Secretary shall provide emergency feed assistance under this subchapter for the preservation and maintenance of livestock, to livestock producers that—

(A) conduct farming, ranching, or aquaculture operations in any county contiguous to a county where the Secretary has determined, under subsection (a), that a livestock emergency exists, and

(B) are otherwise eligible for assistance under this subchapter.

(2) The Secretary shall accept applications for assistance under this subsection from producers that are affected by the livestock emergency at any time during the eight-month period beginning on the date on which the Secretary determines that such emergency exists in the other county.

(Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title VI, §603, as added Pub. L. 100–387, title I, §101(a), Aug. 11, 1988, 102 Stat. 927.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 15 days after Aug. 11, 1988, see section 101(c)(1) of Pub. L. 100–387, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 1988 Amendment note under section 1427 of this title.

Inapplicability of Section

Section inapplicable to 2014 through 2018 crops of covered commodities, cotton, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Feb. 7, 2014, through Dec. 31, 2018, see section 9092(b)(12) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2008 through 2012 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning June 18, 2008, through Dec. 31, 2012, see section 8782(b)(12) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning May 13, 2002, through Dec. 31, 2007, see section 7992(b)(12) of this title.

Section inapplicable to 1996 through 2002 crops of loan commodities, peanuts, and sugar and inapplicable to milk during period beginning Apr. 4, 1996, and ending Dec. 31, 2002, see section 7301(b)(1)(L) of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2233 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2233: Funds available for expenses of advisory committees
Funds available for expenses of advisory committees
Status: in_force

Funds available for carrying out the activities of the Department of Agriculture shall be available for expenses of advisory committees, including travel expenses in accordance with the provisions of section 5703 of title 5.

(Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 950, §4, 70 Stat. 1033.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

"Section 5703 of title 5" substituted in text for "section 5 of the Administrative Expenses Act of 1946, as amended" on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, §7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Section was formerly classified to section 541c of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.
7 U.S.C. § 7416a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 101: AGRICULTURAL PROMOTION / Subchapter II: ISSUANCE OF ORDERS FOR PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES REGARDING AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 7416a: Confirmation of authority of Secretary of Agriculture to collect State commodity assessments
Confirmation of authority of Secretary of Agriculture to collect State commodity assessments
Status: in_force

(a) Collection from marketing assistance loans

The Secretary of Agriculture shall collect commodity assessments from the proceeds of a marketing assistance loan for a producer if the assessment is required to be paid by the producer or the first purchaser of a commodity pursuant to a State law or pursuant to an authority administered by the Secretary. This collection authority does not extend to a State tax or other revenue collection activity by a State.

(b) Collection pursuant to agreement

The collection of an assessment under subsection (a) shall be made as specified in an agreement between the Secretary of Agriculture and the State requesting the collection.

(c) Prohibition on charging certain fees

The Secretary may not charge any fees or related costs for the collection of commodity assessments pursuant to this section.

(Pub. L. 108–470, §1, Dec. 21, 2004, 118 Stat. 3894; Pub. L. 110–234, title I, §1616, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1021; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title I, §1616, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1749.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Section was not enacted as part of the Commodity Promotion, Research, and Information Act of 1996 which comprises this subchapter.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–246, §1616(1), substituted "shall" for "may".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246, §1616(2), added subsec. (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3005 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 63: FARMER-TO-CONSUMER DIRECT MARKETING / Section 3005: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title X, §10102(c)(5)(B), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4898
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title X, §10102(c)(5)(B), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4898
Status: repealed

Section 3005, Pub. L. 94–463, §6, as added Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10605(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 513; amended Pub. L. 110–234, title X, §10106, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1337; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title X, §10106, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2098; Pub. L. 112–240, title VII, §701(g)(1), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2366; Pub. L. 113–79, title X, §10003, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 940, established the Farmers' Market and Local Food Promotion Program.

A prior section 3005, Pub. L. 94–463, §6, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1983; Pub. L. 103–437, §4(a)(8), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4582, related to review of activities by Secretary and annual report to Congress, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–362, title I, §101(d)(1), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3281.

Section 3006, Pub. L. 94–463, §7, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1983; Pub. L. 105–362, title I, §101(d)(2), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3281, related to authorization of appropriations.
7 U.S.C. § 4502 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 76: DAIRY RESEARCH AND PROMOTION / Subchapter I: DAIRY PROMOTION PROGRAM / Section 4502: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter—

(a) the term "Board" means the National Dairy Promotion and Research Board established under section 4504 of this title;

(b) the term "Department" means the Department of Agriculture;

(c) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture;

(d) the term "milk" means any class of cow's milk;

(e) the term "dairy products" means products manufactured for human consumption which are derived from the processing of milk, and includes fluid milk products;

(f) the term "fluid milk products" means those milk products normally consumed in liquid form as a beverage;

(g) the term "person" means any individual, group of individuals, partnership, corporation, association, cooperative, or any other entity;

(h) the term "producer" means any person engaged in the production of milk for commercial use;

(i) the term "promotion" means actions such as paid advertising, sales promotion, and publicity to advance the image and sales of and demand for dairy products;

(j) the term "research" means studies testing the effectiveness of market development and promotion efforts, studies relating to the nutritional value of milk and dairy products, and other related efforts to expand demand for milk and dairy products;

(k) the term "nutrition education" means those activities intended to broaden the understanding of sound nutritional principles including the role of milk and dairy products in a balanced diet;

(l) the term "United States", when used in a geographical sense, means all of the States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;

(m) the term "imported dairy product" means any dairy product that is imported into the United States, including dairy products imported into the United States in the form of—

(1) milk, cream, and fresh and dried dairy products;

(2) butter and butterfat mixtures;

(3) cheese; and

(4) casein and mixtures;

(n) the term "importer" means a person that imports an imported dairy product into the United States; and

(o) the term "Customs" means the United States Customs Service.

(Pub. L. 98–180, title I, §111, Nov. 29, 1983, 97 Stat. 1136; Pub. L. 107–171, title I, §1505(a), (h)(2), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 207, 210; Pub. L. 110–234, title I, §1507(b), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 997; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title I, §1507(b), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1725.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 110–246, §1507(b)(1), added subsec. (l) and struck out former subsec. (l) which read as follows: "the term 'United States' as used in sections 4501 through 4508 of this title means the forty-eight contiguous States in the continental United States;".

Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 110–246, §1507(b)(2), struck out "(as defined in subsection (l) of this section)" before ", including".

2002—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–171, §1505(h)(2), struck out "produced in the United States" before semicolon at end.

Subsec. (m) to (o). Pub. L. 107–171, §1505(a), added subsecs. (m) to (o).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. For establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, treated as if included in Pub. L. 107–296 as of Nov. 25, 2002, see section 211 of Title 6, as amended generally by Pub. L. 114–125, and section 802(b) of Pub. L. 114–125, set out as a note under section 211 of Title 6.
7 U.S.C. § 587 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 25: EXPORT STANDARDS FOR APPLES / Section 587: Rules and regulations; cooperation with other agencies; compensation of officers and employees; effect on other laws
Rules and regulations; cooperation with other agencies; compensation of officers and employees; effect on other laws
Status: in_force

The Secretary may make such rules, regulations, and orders as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter, and may cooperate with any department or agency of the Government, any State, Territory, District, or possession, or department, agency, or political subdivision thereof, or any person, whether operating in one or more jurisdictions; and shall have the power to appoint, remove, and fix the compensation of such officers and employees not in conflict with existing law, and make such expenditures for rent outside the District of Columbia, printing, binding, telegrams, telephones, law books, books of reference, publications, furniture, stationery, office equipment, travel, and other supplies and expenses, including reporting services, as shall be necessary to the administration of this chapter in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, and as may be appropriated for by Congress. This chapter shall not abrogate nor nullify any other statute, whether State or Federal, dealing with the same subjects as this chapter; but it is intended that all such statutes shall remain in full force and effect except insofar as they are inconsistent herewith or repugnant hereto.

(June 10, 1933, ch. 59, §7, 48 Stat. 124.)
7 U.S.C. § 1736v (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter IV: GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS / Section 1736v: Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title XV, §1572(3), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3702
Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title XV, §1572(3), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3702
Status: repealed

Section 1736v, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1127, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1483; Pub. L. 99–260, §6, Mar. 20, 1986, 100 Stat. 50; Pub. L. 100–418, title IV, §4306, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1398, provided for program to develop and expand markets for United States agricultural commodities.

Section 1736w, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1128, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1485, provided for program of export sales of poultry, beef and pork meats and meat-food products for 1986 through 1989.

Section 1736x, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1132, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1488; Pub. L. 100–418, title IV, §4307, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1398, provided for reports by agricultural attachés. See section 1748 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2262a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2262a: Overseas tort claims
Overseas tort claims
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Agriculture may pay a tort claim in the manner authorized by section 2672 of title 28, if the claim arises outside the United States in connection with activities of individuals who are performing services for the Secretary.

(b) Period for presentation of claim

A claim may not be allowed under this section unless the claim is presented in writing to the Secretary of Agriculture within 2 years after the date on which the claim accrues.

(c) Finality

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an award or denial of a claim by the Secretary of Agriculture under this section is final.

(Pub. L. 104–127, title IX, §920, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1191.)
7 U.S.C. § 9b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 1: COMMODITY EXCHANGES / Section 9b: Rules prohibiting deceptive and other abusive telemarketing acts or practices
Rules prohibiting deceptive and other abusive telemarketing acts or practices
Status: in_force

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), not later than six months after the effective date of rules promulgated by the Federal Trade Commission under section 6102(a) of title 15, the Commission shall promulgate, or require each registered futures association to promulgate, rules substantially similar to such rules to prohibit deceptive and other abusive telemarketing acts or practices by any person registered or exempt from registration under this chapter in connection with such person's business as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, leverage transaction merchant, floor broker, or floor trader, or a person associated with any such person.

(2) The Commission is not required to promulgate rules under paragraph (1) if it determines that—

(A) rules adopted by the Commission under this chapter provide protection from deceptive and abusive telemarketing by persons described under paragraph (1) substantially similar to that provided by rules promulgated by the Federal Trade Commission under section 6102(a) of title 15; or

(B) such a rule promulgated by the Commission is not necessary or appropriate in the public interest, or for the protection of customers in the futures and options markets, or would be inconsistent with the maintenance of fair and orderly markets.

If the Commission determines that an exception described in subparagraph (A) or (B) applies, the Commission shall publish in the Federal Register its determination with the reasons for it.

(Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 369, §6(f), as added Pub. L. 103–297, §3(e)(2), Aug. 16, 1994, 108 Stat. 1547.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section is comprised of subsec. (f) of section 6 of act Sept. 21, 1922. Subsecs. (a) and (b) of section 6 are classified to section 8 of this title. Subsec. (c) of section 6 is classified to section 9 of this title. Subsecs. (d), (e), and (g) of section 6 are classified to sections 13b, 9a, and 9c of this title, respectively.
7 U.S.C. § 4310 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 74: FLORAL RESEARCH AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 4310: Amendments to orders
Amendments to orders
Status: in_force

The provisions of this chapter applicable to orders shall be applicable to amendments to orders.

(Pub. L. 97–98, title XVII, §1711, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1354.)
7 U.S.C. § 7657 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 103: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND EDUCATION REFORM / Subchapter III: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 7657: Senior Scientific Research Service
Senior Scientific Research Service
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There is established in the Department of Agriculture the Senior Scientific Research Service (referred to in this section as the "Service").

(b) Members

(1) In general

Subject to paragraphs (2) through (4), the Secretary shall appoint the members of the Service.

(2) Qualifications

To be eligible for appointment to the Service, an individual shall—

(A) have conducted outstanding research in the field of agriculture or forestry;

(B) have earned a doctoral level degree at an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001 of title 20); and

(C) meet qualification standards prescribed by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management for appointment to a position at level GS–15 of the General Schedule.

(3) Number

Not more than 100 individuals may serve as members of the Service at any 1 time.

(4) Other requirements

(A) In general

Subject to subparagraph (B) and subsection (d)(2), the Secretary may appoint and employ a member of the Service without regard to—

(i) the provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service;

(ii) the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 35 of title 5 relating to retention preference;

(iii) the provisions of chapter 43 of title 5 relating to performance appraisal and performance actions;

(iv) the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5 relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates; and

(v) the provisions of chapter 75 of title 5 relating to adverse actions.

(B) Exception

A member of the Service appointed and employed by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) shall have the same right of appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board and the same right to file a complaint with the Office of Special Counsel as an employee appointed to a position at level GS–15 of the General Schedule.

(c) Performance appraisal system

The Secretary shall develop a performance appraisal system for members of the Service that is designed to—

(1) provide for the systematic appraisal of the employment performance of the members; and

(2) encourage excellence in employment performance by the members.

(d) Compensation

(1) In general

Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall determine the compensation of members of the Service.

(2) Limitations

The rate of pay for a member of the Service shall—

(A) not be less than the minimum rate payable for a position at level GS–15 of the General Schedule; and

(B) not be more than the rate payable for a position at level I of the Executive Schedule, unless the rate is approved by the President under section 5377(d)(2) of title 5.

(e) Retirement contributions

(1) In general

On the request of a member of the Service who was an employee of an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001 of title 20) immediately prior to appointment as a member of the Service and who retains the right to continue to make contributions to the retirement system of the institution, the Secretary may contribute an amount not to exceed 10 percent of the basic pay of the member to the retirement system of the institution on behalf of the member.

(2) Federal retirement system

(A) In general

Subject to subparagraph (B), a member for whom a contribution is made under paragraph (1) shall not, as a result of serving as a member of the Service, be covered by, or earn service credit under, chapter 83 or 84 of title 5.

(B) Annual leave

Service of a member of the Service described in subparagraph (A) shall be creditable for determining years of service under section 6303(a) of title 5.

(f) Involuntary separation

(1) In general

Subject to paragraph (2) and notwithstanding the provisions of title 5 governing appointment in the competitive service, in the case of an individual who is separated from the Service involuntarily and without cause—

(A) the Secretary may appoint the individual to a position in the competitive civil service at level GS–15 of the General Schedule; and

(B) the appointment shall be a career appointment.

(2) Excepted civil service

In the case of an individual described in paragraph (1) who immediately prior to appointment as a member of the Service was not a career appointee in the civil service or the Senior Executive Service, the appointment of the individual under paragraph (1)—

(A) shall be to the excepted civil service; and

(B) may not exceed a period of 2 years.

(Pub. L. 105–185, title VI, §620, as added Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, §7219, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 449.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The General Schedule, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2)(C), (4)(A)(iv), (B), (d)(2)(A), and (f)(1)(A), is set out under section 5332 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Level I of the Executive Schedule, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B), is set out in section 5312 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
7 U.S.C. § 1963 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter III: EMERGENCY LOANS / Section 1963: Purpose and extent of loans
Purpose and extent of loans
Status: in_force

Loans may be made or insured under this subchapter for any purpose authorized for loans under subchapter I or II of this chapter and for crop or livestock changes that are necessitated by a quarantine, natural disaster, major disaster, or emergency and that are deemed desirable by the applicant, subject to the limitations on the amounts of loans provided in section 1964(a) of this title.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §323, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 311; Pub. L. 96–438, §3(b)(1), Oct. 13, 1980, 94 Stat. 1873; Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, §623, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1091; Pub. L. 107–171, title V, §5201(b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 344.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 87–128, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 307, known as the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1921 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2002—Pub. L. 107–171 inserted "quarantine," before "natural disaster".

1996—Pub. L. 104–127 inserted "that are necessitated by a natural disaster, major disaster, or emergency and that are" after "livestock changes".

1980—Pub. L. 96–438 substituted provisions relating to the purposes and extent of loans made or insured under this subchapter for provisions limiting loans to amounts certified by the county committee.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 104–127 effective 90 days after Apr. 4, 1996, see section 663(b) of Pub. L. 104–127, set out as a note under section 1922 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–438 effective with respect to loans approved after Oct. 13, 1980, except for certain subsequent emergency loans, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–438, set out as a note under section 1961 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2532 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 57: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION / Subchapter III: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION AND RIGHTS / Section 2532: Ownership during testing
Ownership during testing
Status: in_force

An owner who, with notice that release is for testing only, releases possession of seed or other sexually reproducible or tuber propagable plant material for testing retains ownership with respect thereto; and any diversion from authorized testing, or any unauthorized retention, of such material by anyone who has knowledge that it is under such notice, or who is chargeable with notice, is prohibited, and violates the property rights of the owner. Anyone receiving the material tagged or labeled with the notice is chargeable with the notice. The owner is entitled to remedy and redress in a civil action hereunder. No remedy available by State or local law is hereby excluded. No such notice shall be used, or if used be effective, when the owner has made identical sexually reproducible or tuber propagable plant material available to the public, as by sale thereof.

(Pub. L. 91–577, title III, §102, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1554; Pub. L. 103–349, §8(d)(2), Oct. 6, 1994, 108 Stat. 3141.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–349 inserted "or tuber propagable" after "sexually reproducible" in two places.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–349 effective 180 days after Oct. 6, 1994, see section 15 of Pub. L. 103–349, set out as a note under section 2401 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1831a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 45: SOIL BANK PROGRAM / Subchapter III: CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM / Section 1831a: Contract restrictions
Contract restrictions
Status: in_force

On and after June 13, 1958 no conservation reserve contract shall be entered into which provides for (1) payments for conservation practices in excess of the average rate for comparable practices under the environmental quality incentives program established under subchapter A of chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 [16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq.], or (2) annual rental payments in excess of 20 per cent of the value of the land placed under contract, such value to be determined without regard to physical improvements thereon or geographic location thereof. In determining the value of the land for this purpose, the county committee shall take into consideration the estimate of the landowner or operator as to the value of such land as well as his certificate as to the production history and productivity of such land.

(Pub. L. 85–459, title I, §101, June 13, 1958, 72 Stat. 195; Pub. L. 104–127, title III, §336(a)(2)(A), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1005; Pub. L. 115–334, title II, §2301(d)(2)(C), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4554.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–198, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1354. Subchapter A of chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Act is classified generally to subpart A (§3839aa et seq.) of part IV of subchapter IV of chapter 58 of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1985 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was not enacted as part of the Soil Bank Act which comprised this chapter.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–334 inserted "subchapter A of" before "chapter 4".

1996—Pub. L. 104–127 substituted "environmental quality incentives program established under chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985" for "Agricultural Conservation Program".
7 U.S.C. § 7994 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 106: COMMODITY PROGRAMS / Subchapter VI: ADMINISTRATION / Section 7994: Study
Study
Status: in_force

(1) In general

The Secretary shall conduct a study on the effects on the limitation on producers to move quota to a farm other than the farm to which the quota was initially assigned under part I of subtitle B of title III of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1311 et seq.).

(2) Report

Not later than 90 days after May 13, 2002, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on the results of the study.

(Pub. L. 107–171, title I, §1611(b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 219.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, referred to in par. (1), is act Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, 52 Stat. 31. Part I of subtitle B of title III of the Act was classified generally to subpart I (§1311 et seq.) of part B of subchapter II of chapter 35 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, §611(a), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1522. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1281 of this title and Tables.
7 U.S.C. § 936e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 31: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND TELEPHONE SERVICE / Subchapter III: RURAL ELECTRIC AND TELEPHONE DIRECT LOAN PROGRAMS / Section 936e: Administrative prohibitions applicable to certain electric borrowers
Administrative prohibitions applicable to certain electric borrowers
Status: in_force

(a) In general

For the purpose of relieving borrowers of unnecessary and burdensome requirements, the Secretary, guided by the practices of private lenders with respect to similar credit risks, shall issue regulations, applicable to any electric borrower under this chapter whose net worth exceeds 110 percent of the outstanding principal balance on all loans made or guaranteed to the borrower by the Secretary, to minimize those approval rights, requirements, restrictions, and prohibitions that the Secretary otherwise may establish with respect to the operations of such a borrower.

(b) Subordination or sharing of liens

At the request of a private lender providing financing to such a borrower for a capital investment, the Secretary shall, expeditiously, either offer to share the government's lien on the borrower's system or offer to subordinate the government's lien on that property financed by the private lender.

(c) Issuance of regulations

In issuing regulations implementing this section, the Secretary may establish requirements, guided by the practices of private lenders, to ensure that the security for any loan made or guaranteed under this chapter is reasonably adequate.

(d) Authority of Secretary

Nothing in this section limits the authority of the Secretary to establish terms and conditions with respect to the use by borrowers of the proceeds of loans made or guaranteed under this chapter or to take any other action specifically authorized by law.

(May 20, 1936, ch. 432, title III, §306E, as added Pub. L. 103–129, §2(c)(7), Nov. 1, 1993, 107 Stat. 1365; amended Pub. L. 103–201, §1, Dec. 17, 1993, 107 Stat. 2342; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §235(a)(8), (13), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3221.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator" in heading of subsec. (d) and wherever appearing in text.

1993—Pub. L. 103–201 inserted "certain" before "electric" in section catchline and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The Administrator may not require prior approval of, impose any requirement, restriction, or prohibition with respect to the operations of, or deny or delay the granting of a lien accommodation to, any electric borrower under this chapter whose net worth exceeds 110 percent of the outstanding principal balance on all loans made or guaranteed to the borrower by the Administrator."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Regulations

Pub. L. 103–201, §2, Dec. 17, 1993, 107 Stat. 2342, provided that: "The Administrator of the Rural Electrification Administration shall issue interim final regulations implementing this Act [amending this section] not later than 180 days after enactment [Dec. 17, 1993]. If the regulations are not issued within such period of time, the Administrator may not, until the Administrator issues such regulations, require prior approval of, establish any requirement, restriction, or prohibition, with respect to the operations of any electric borrower under the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 [7 U.S.C. 90 et seq.] whose net worth exceeds 110 percent of the outstanding principal balance on all loans made or guaranteed to the borrower by the Administrator."
7 U.S.C. § 2670 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 59: RURAL FIRE PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND SMALL FARM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION / Subchapter II: RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND SMALL FARM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION / Section 2670: Repealed. Pub. L. 97-98, title XIV, §1444(b), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1326
Repealed. Pub. L. 97-98, title XIV, §1444(b), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1326
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 92–419, title V, §510, as added Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1443, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1006, required an annual evaluation by Secretary of effectiveness of programs established under section 2662(c) and (d) of this title and submission of an annual report to Congress on that evaluation and operation of programs during previous year.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 5938 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 88: RESEARCH / Subchapter VII: MISCELLANEOUS RESEARCH PROVISIONS / Section 5938: Repealed. Pub. L. 113-79, title VII, §7518, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 904
Repealed. Pub. L. 113-79, title VII, §7518, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 904
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, §7529, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1278; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VII, §7529, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2040, related to agricultural and rural transportation research and education.
7 U.S.C. § 1606 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 37: SEEDS / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1606: Authorization of expenditures
Authorization of expenditures
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to make such expenditures for rent, outside of the District of Columbia, printing, binding, telegrams, telephones, books of reference, publications, furniture, stationery, office and laboratory equipment, travel, and other supplies, including reporting services, such research necessary to develop methods of processing, bulking, blending, sampling, testing, and merchandising seeds necessary to the administration of this chapter and other necessary expenses in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, and as may be appropriated for by the Congress.

(Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, §416, 53 Stat. 1289.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

See section 1610 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3415 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 65: WHEAT AND WHEAT FOODS RESEARCH AND NUTRITION EDUCATION / Section 3415: Regulations
Regulations
Status: in_force

The Secretary is authorized to issue such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XVII, §1716, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1040.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2105 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 53: COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION / Section 2105: Permissive terms and conditions in orders
Permissive terms and conditions in orders
Status: in_force

Orders issued pursuant to this chapter shall contain one or more of the following terms and conditions, and except as provided in section 2106 of this title, no others.

(a) Providing for the establishment, issuance, effectuation, and administration of appropriate plans or projects for the advertising and sales promotion of cotton and its products and for the disbursement of necessary funds for such purposes: Provided, however, That any such plan or project shall be directed toward increasing the general demand for cotton or its products but no reference to a private brand or trade name shall be made if the Secretary determines that such reference will result in undue discrimination against the cotton products of other persons: And provided further, That no such advertising or sales promotion programs shall make use of false or unwarranted claims in behalf of cotton or its products or false or unwarranted statements with respect to the quality, value, or use of any competing product.

(b) Providing for establishing and carrying on research and development projects and studies with respect to the production, ginning, processing, distribution, or utilization of cotton and its products, to the end that the marketing and utilization of cotton may be encouraged, expanded, improved, or made more efficient, and for the disbursement of necessary funds for such purposes.

(c) Providing that handlers or any class of handlers maintain and make available for inspection such books and records as may be required by the order and for the filing of reports by such handlers at the times, in the manner, and having the content prescribed by the order, to the end that information and data shall be made available to the Cotton Board and to the Secretary which is appropriate or necessary to the effectuation, administration, or enforcement of this chapter or of any order or regulation issued pursuant to this chapter: Provided, however, That all information so obtained shall be kept confidential by all officers and employees of the Department of Agriculture and of the Cotton Board, and only such information so furnished or acquired as the Secretary deems relevant shall be disclosed by them, and then only in a suit or administrative hearing brought at the direction, or upon the request, of the Secretary of Agriculture, or to which he or any officer of the United States is a party, and involving the order with reference to which the information so to be disclosed was furnished or acquired. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to prohibit (1) the issuance of general statements based upon the reports of a number of handlers subject to an order, which statements do not identify the information furnished by any person, or (2) the publication by direction of the Secretary, of the name of any person violating any order, together with a statement of the particular provisions of the order violated by such person. Any such officer or employee violating the provisions of this subsection shall upon conviction be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or to imprisonment for not more than one year, or to both, and shall be removed from office.

(d) Terms and conditions incidental to and not inconsistent with the terms and conditions specified in this chapter and necessary to effectuate the other provisions of such order.

(Pub. L. 89–502, §6, July 13, 1966, 80 Stat. 280.)
7 U.S.C. § 6402 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 93: PROCESSOR-FUNDED MILK PROMOTION PROGRAM / Section 6402: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) Advertising

The term "advertising" means any advertising or promotion program involving only fluid milk products and directed toward increasing the general demand for fluid milk products.

(2) Board

The term "Board" means the National Processor Advertising and Promotion Board established under section 6407(b) of this title.

(3) Fluid milk product

The term "fluid milk product" has the meaning given the term in—

(A) section 1000.15 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, subject to such amendments as may be made by the Secretary; or

(B) any successor regulation.

(4) Fluid milk processor

The term "fluid milk processor" means any person who processes and markets commercially more than 3,000,000 pounds of fluid milk products in consumer-type packages per month (excluding products delivered directly to the place of residence of a consumer).

(5) Department

The term "Department" means the Department of Agriculture.

(6) Research

The term "research" means market research to support advertising and promotion efforts, including educational activities, research directed to product characteristics, product development, including new products or improved technology in production, manufacturing or processing of milk and the products of milk.

(7) Secretary

The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture.

(8) United States

The term "United States", except as used in sections 6410 through 6412 of this title, means the 48 contiguous States in the continental United States and the District of Columbia.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIX, §1999C, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3915; Pub. L. 103–72, §2(a), Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 104–127, title I, §146(c), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 918; Pub. L. 107–171, title I, §1506(a), (b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 210.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2002—Par. (3). Pub. L. 107–171, §1506(a), added par. (3) and struck out heading and text of former par. (3). Text read as follows: "The term 'fluid milk product'—

"(A) means any of the following products in fluid or frozen form: milk, skim milk, lowfat milk, milk drinks, buttermilk, filled milk, and milkshake and ice milk mixes containing less than 20 percent total solids, including any such products that are flavored, cultured, modified with added nonfat milk solids, concentrated (if in a consumer-type package), or reconstituted; and

"(B) does not include evaporated or condensed milk (plain or sweetened), evaporated or condensed skim milk (plain or sweetened), formulas specially prepared for infant feeding or dietary use that are packaged in hermetically sealed glass or all-metal containers, any product that contains by weight less than 6.5 percent nonfat milk solids, and whey."

Par. (4). Pub. L. 107–171, §1506(b), substituted "3,000,000 pounds of fluid milk products in consumer-type packages per month (excluding products delivered directly to the place of residence of a consumer)" for "500,000 pounds of fluid milk products in consumer-type packages per month".

1996—Par. (6). Pub. L. 104–127 amended heading and text of par. (6) generally. Text read as follows: "The term 'research'—

"(A) means market research limited to the support of advertising and promotion efforts, including educational activities; and

"(B) does not include research directed to product characteristics such as nutrients; product development including new products; or improved technology in production, manufacturing or processing; or any other efforts not directly applicable to measuring or increasing the effectiveness of advertising activities in expanding sales of fluid milk products."

1993—Par. (4). Pub. L. 103–72 amended par. (4) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows: "The term 'fluid milk processor' means any person who processes and markets commercially fluid milk products in consumer-type packages."
7 U.S.C. § 178i (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 8A: RUBBER AND OTHER CRITICAL AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS / Subchapter II: CRITICAL AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS / Section 178i: Coordination of activities with Federal agencies
Coordination of activities with Federal agencies
Status: in_force

In carrying out the provisions of this subchapter, the Secretaries and the Joint Commission shall cooperate with each other in the conduct of their activities under this subchapter, and shall ensure that their activities under this subchapter are closely coordinated with the activities of other Federal agencies such as the Department of the Interior, National Science Foundation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of Energy, Department of State, Department of Defense, Treasury Department, Federal Emergency Management Agency, and others, in order to prevent duplication of effort, ensure compatibility with ongoing programs and policies, and to fully exploit the opportunities inherent in the culture and manufacture of native latex.

(Pub. L. 95–592, §11, Nov. 4, 1978, 92 Stat. 2533; Pub. L. 98–284, §11, May 16, 1984, 98 Stat. 184; Pub. L. 102–237, title X, §1005(2), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1894.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1991—Pub. L. 102–237 substituted "ensure" for "insure" in two places.

1984—Pub. L. 98–284 substituted "shall cooperate with each other in the conduct of their activities under this subchapter, and shall insure that their activities under this subchapter are closely coordinated with the activities of other Federal agencies" for "shall insure that their activities are closely coordinated with the activities of other Federal agencies" and "Federal Emergency Management Agency, and others," for "Federal Preparedness Agency, and others", and inserted "Department of State,".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of all functions, personnel, assets, components, authorities, grant programs, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Under Secretary for Federal Emergency Management relating thereto, to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, see section 315(a)(1) of Title 6, Domestic Security.

For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see former section 313(1) and sections 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
7 U.S.C. § 5841 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 88: RESEARCH / Subchapter II: NATIONAL GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAM / Section 5841: Establishment, purpose, and functions of National Genetic Resources Program
Establishment, purpose, and functions of National Genetic Resources Program
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Agriculture shall provide for a National Genetic Resources Program.

(b) Purpose

The program is established for the purpose of maintaining and enhancing a program providing for the collection, preservation, and dissemination of genetic material of importance to American food and agriculture production.

(c) Administration

The program shall be administered by the Secretary through the Agricultural Research Service.

(d) Functions

The Secretary, acting through the program, shall—

(1) provide for the collection, classification, preservation, and dissemination of genetic material of importance to the food and agriculture sectors of the United States;

(2) conduct research on the genetic materials collected and on methods for storage and preservation of those materials;

(3) coordinate the activities of the program with similar activities occurring domestically;

(4) unless otherwise prohibited by law, have the right to make available on request, without charge and without regard to the country from which the request originates, the genetic material that the program assembles;

(5) expand the types of genetic resources included in the program to develop a comprehensive genetic resources program which includes plants (including silvicultural species), animal, aquatic, insect, microbiological, and other types of genetic resources of importance to food and agriculture, as resources permit;

(6) develop and implement a national strategic germplasm and cultivar collection assessment and utilization plan that takes into consideration the resources and research necessary to address the significant backlog of characterization and maintenance of existing accessions considered to be critical to preserve the viability of, and public access to, germplasm and cultivars; and

(7) engage in such other activities as the Secretary determines appropriate and as the resources of the program permit.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1632, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3744; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §832(a), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1168; Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, §7205(a), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4803.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (d)(6), (7). Pub. L. 115–334 added par. (6) and redesignated former par. (6) as (7).

1996—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 104–127 added par. (4) and struck out former par. (4) which read as follows: "make available upon request, without charge and without regard to the country from which such request originates, the genetic material which the program assembles;".
7 U.S.C. § 3127 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter II: COORDINATION AND PLANNING OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Section 3127: Support for Advisory Board
Support for Advisory Board
Status: in_force

(a) Appointment of staff

To assist the Advisory Board in the performance of its duties, the Secretary may appoint, after consultation with the chairperson of the Advisory Board—

(1) a full-time executive director who shall perform such duties as the chairperson of the Advisory Board may direct and who shall receive compensation at a rate not to exceed the rate payable for GS–18 of the General Schedule established in section 5332 of title 5; and

(2) a professional staff of not more than five full-time employees qualified in the food and agricultural sciences, of which one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Advisory Board.

(b) Additional clerical assistance and staff personnel

The Secretary shall provide such additional clerical assistance and staff personnel as may be required to assist the Advisory Board in carrying out its duties.

(c) Assistance of outside personnel

In formulating its recommendations to the Secretary, the Advisory Board may obtain the assistance of Department of Agriculture employees, and, to the maximum extent practicable, the assistance of employees of other Federal departments and agencies conducting related programs of agricultural research, extension, and teaching and of appropriate representatives of colleges and universities, including State agricultural experiment stations, cooperative extension services, and other non-Federal organizations conducting significant programs in the food and agricultural sciences.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1412, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 991; Pub. L. 97–98, title XIV, §1413, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1302; Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1605(b)(1), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3713; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, §402(5), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1863; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §§852(b)(3), 853(b)(4), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1171, 1172; Pub. L. 105–185, title VI, §606(c)(1), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 603.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 105–185, §606(c)(1)(A), substituted "its duties" for "their duties".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–185, §606(c)(1)(B), substituted "its recommendations" for "their recommendations".

1996—Pub. L. 104–127, §§852(b)(3)(A), 853(b)(4)(A), in section catchline, substituted "Advisory Board" for "Joint Council, Advisory Board, and Technology Board".

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–127, §§852(b)(3)(B)(i), (ii), 853(b)(4)(B)(i), in introductory provisions, substituted "To assist the Advisory Board in" for "To assist the Joint Council, the Advisory Board, and the Technology Board in" and "with the chairperson of the Advisory Board" for "with the cochairpersons of the Joint Council and the chairperson of the Advisory Board and the Technology Board".

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 104–127, §§852(b)(3)(B)(ii), 853(b)(4)(B)(i), substituted "the chairperson of the Advisory Board" for "the cochairpersons of the Joint Council and the chairperson of the Advisory Board and the Technology Board".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104–127, §§852(b)(3)(B)(iii), 853(b)(4)(B)(ii), substituted "one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Advisory Board" for "one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Joint Council, one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Advisory Board, and one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Technology Board".

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 104–127, §§852(b)(3)(C), 853(b)(4)(C), substituted "Advisory Board" for "Joint Council, Advisory Board, and Technology Board".

1991—Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted ", Advisory Board, and Technology Board" for "and Advisory Board".

1990—Pub. L. 101–624, §1605(b)(1)(A), amended section catchline generally.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–624, §1605(b)(1)(B), in introductory provision, substituted ", the Advisory Board, and the Technology Board" for "and the Advisory Board" and inserted "and the Technology Board" before the dash, in par. (1), inserted "and the Technology Board" before "may direct", and in par. (2), substituted "Council," for "Council and" and inserted before period at end ", and one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Technology Board".

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 101–624, §1605(b)(1)(C), (D), which directed the substitution of ", the Advisory Board, and the Technology Board" for "and the Advisory Board", could not be executed because the phrase "and the Advisory Board" did not appear in text.

1981—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–98 inserted in provision preceding par. (1) provision requiring consultation with the cochairpersons of the Joint Council and the chairperson of the Advisory Board, redesignated former par. (2) as (1) and substituted provision that a full-time executive director perform such duties as the cochairpersons of the Joint Council and chairperson of the Advisory Board direct for provision that an executive director perform such duties as the chairman of the Joint Council and the chairman of the Advisory Board direct, and redesignated former par. (1) as (2) and inserted provision that one of the full-time staff serve as the executive secretary to the Joint Council and one serve as executive secretary to the Advisory Board.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.

References in Other Laws to GS–16, 17, or 18 Pay Rates

References in laws to the rates of pay for GS–16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, §101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5.
7 U.S.C. § 2219a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2219a: Overtime and holiday pay
Overtime and holiday pay
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary of Agriculture may—

(1) pay employees of the Department of Agriculture employed in an establishment subject to the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) or the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.) for all overtime and holiday work performed at the establishment at rates determined by the Secretary, subject to applicable law relating to minimum wages and maximum hours; and

(2) accept from the establishment reimbursement for any sums paid by the Secretary for the overtime and holiday work, at rates determined under paragraph (1).

(b) Availability

Sums received by the Secretary under this section shall remain available until expended without further appropriation and without fiscal year limitation, to carry out subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10703(a), (b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 517.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Meat Inspection Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is titles I to V of act Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, as added Pub. L. 90–201, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 584, and Pub. L. 110–246, title XI, §11015(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 2124, which are classified generally to subchapters I to IV–A (§601 et seq.) of chapter 12 of Title 21, Food and Drugs. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 601 of Title 21 and Tables.

The Poultry Products Inspection Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is Pub. L. 85–172, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 441, which is classified generally to chapter 10 (§451 et seq.) of Title 21, Food and Drugs. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 451 of Title 21 and Tables.
7 U.S.C. § 6310 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 92: SOYBEAN PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION / Section 6310: Suspension or termination of orders
Suspension or termination of orders
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall, whenever the Secretary finds that the order or any provision of the order obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the declared policy of this chapter, terminate or suspend the operation of such order or provision. The termination or suspension of any order, or any provision thereof, shall not be considered an order within the meaning of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIX, §1975, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3904.)
7 U.S.C. § 938 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 31: RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND TELEPHONE SERVICE / Subchapter III: RURAL ELECTRIC AND TELEPHONE DIRECT LOAN PROGRAMS / Section 938: Full faith and credit of the United States
Full faith and credit of the United States
Status: in_force

Any contract of insurance or guarantee executed by the Secretary under this subchapter shall be an obligation supported by the full faith and credit of the United States and incontestable except for fraud or misrepresentation of which the holder had actual knowledge at the time it became a holder.

(May 20, 1936, ch. 432, title III, §308, as added Pub. L. 93–32, §2, May 11, 1973, 87 Stat. 70; amended Pub. L. 94–124, §2, Nov. 4, 1975, 89 Stat. 677; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §235(a)(13), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3221.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "Secretary" for "Administrator".

1975—Pub. L. 94–124 substituted "of which the holder had actual knowledge at the time it became a holder" for "of which the holder has actual knowledge".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective May 11, 1973, see section 12 of Pub. L. 93–32, set out as a note under section 930 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 1983d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 1983d: Farmer loan pilot projects
Farmer loan pilot projects
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary may conduct pilot projects of limited scope and duration that are consistent with subchapter I through this subchapter to evaluate processes and techniques that may improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the programs carried out under subchapter I through this subchapter.

(b) Notification

The Secretary shall—

(1) not less than 60 days before the date on which the Secretary initiates a pilot project under subsection (a), submit notice of the proposed pilot project to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; and

(2) consider any recommendations or feedback provided to the Secretary in response to the notice provided under paragraph (1).

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §333D, as added Pub. L. 113–79, title V, §5302, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 839.)
7 U.S.C. § 3154 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter III: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION GRANTS AND FELLOWSHIPS / Section 3154: Repealed. Pub. L. 110-234, title VII, §7110(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1218, and Pub. L. 110-246, §4(a), title VII, §7110(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1980
Repealed. Pub. L. 110-234, title VII, §7110(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1218, and Pub. L. 110-246, §4(a), title VII, §7110(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1980
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1419, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 997; Pub. L. 96–294, title II, §252, June 30, 1980, 94 Stat. 705; Pub. L. 97–98, title XIV, §1422, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1306; Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1609(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3718; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, §402(7), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1863; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §806, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1162; Pub. L. 105–185, title III, §301(a)(2), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 562; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, §§7134, 7209(b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 436, 445, related to grants for research on production and marketing of alcohols and industrial hydrocarbons from agricultural commodities and forest products.

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 repealed this section. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 9058 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 115: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY POLICY AND PROGRAMS / Subchapter III: DAIRY / Section 9058: Effect of failure to pay administrative fees or premiums
Effect of failure to pay administrative fees or premiums
Status: in_force

(a) Loss of benefits

A participating dairy operation that fails to pay the required annual administrative fee under section 9054 of this title or is in arrears on premium payments under section 9057 of this title—

(1) remains legally obligated to pay the administrative fee or premiums, as the case may be; and

(2) may not receive dairy margin coverage payments until the fees or premiums are fully paid.

(b) Enforcement

The Secretary may take such action as necessary to collect administrative fees and premium payments for participation in dairy margin coverage.

(Pub. L. 113–79, title I, §1408, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 693; Pub. L. 115–334, title I, §1401(k)(9), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4517.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, §1401(k)(9)(A), substituted "dairy margin coverage" for "margin protection".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–334, §1401(k)(9)(B), substituted "dairy margin coverage" for "the margin protection program".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–334 effective on Jan. 1, 2019, see section 1401(m) of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as a note under section 9051 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 5677 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 87: EXPORT PROMOTION / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 5677: Trade compensation and assistance programs
Trade compensation and assistance programs
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Except as provided in subsection (f), notwithstanding any other provision of law, if, after April 4, 1996, the President or any other member of the executive branch causes exports from the United States to any country to be unilaterally suspended for reasons of national security or foreign policy, and if within 90 days after the date on which the suspension is imposed on United States exports no other country with an agricultural economic interest agrees to participate in the suspension, the Secretary shall carry out a trade compensation assistance program in accordance with this section (referred to in this section as a "program").

(b) Compensation or provision of funds

Under a program, the Secretary shall, based on an evaluation by the Secretary of the method most likely to produce the greatest compensatory benefit for producers of the commodity involved in the suspension—

(1) compensate producers of the commodity by making payments available to producers, as provided by subsection (c)(1); or

(2) make available an amount of funds calculated under subsection (c)(2), to promote agricultural exports or provide agricultural commodities to developing countries under any authorities available to the Secretary.

(c) Determination of amount of compensation or funds

(1) Compensation

If the Secretary makes payments available to producers under subsection (b)(1), the amount of the payment shall be determined by the Secretary based on the Secretary's estimate of the loss suffered by producers of the commodity involved due to any decrease in the price of the commodity as a result of the suspension.

(2) Determination of amount of funds

For each fiscal year of a program, the amount of funds made available under subsection (b)(2) shall be equal to 90 percent of the average annual value of United States agricultural exports to the country with respect to which exports are suspended during the most recent 3 years prior to the suspension for which data are available.

(d) Duration of program

For each suspension of exports for which a program is implemented under this section, funds shall be made available under subsection (b) for each fiscal year or part of a fiscal year for which the suspension is in effect, but not to exceed 3 fiscal years.

(e) Commodity Credit Corporation

The Secretary shall use funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation to carry out this section.

(f) Exception to carrying out program

This section shall not apply to any suspension of trade due to a war or armed hostility.

(g) Partial year embargoes

If the Secretary makes funds available under subsection (b)(2), regardless of whether an embargo is in effect for only part of a fiscal year, the full amount of funds as calculated under subsection (c)(2) shall be made available under a program for the fiscal year. If the Secretary determines that making the required amount of funds available in a partial fiscal year is impracticable, the Secretary may make all or part of the funds required to be made available in the following fiscal year (in addition to any funds otherwise required under a program to be made available in the following fiscal year).

(h) Short supply embargoes

If the President or any other member of the executive branch causes exports to be suspended based on a determination of short supply, the Secretary shall carry out section 1310 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–501, title IV, §417, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §249, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 969.)
7 U.S.C. § 1727a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter III: EMERGENCY AND PRIVATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS / Section 1727a: Eligible countries
Eligible countries
Status: in_force

(a) Least developed countries

A country shall be considered to be a least developed country and eligible for the donation of agricultural commodities under this subchapter if—

(1) such country meets the poverty criteria established by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development for Civil Works Preference for providing financial assistance; or

(2) such country is a food deficit country and is characterized by high levels of malnutrition among significant numbers of its population, as determined by the Administrator under subsection (b).

(b) Indicators of food deficit countries

To make a finding under subsection (a)(2) that a country is a food deficit country and is characterized by high levels of malnutrition, the Administrator must determine that the country meets all of the following indicators of national food deficit and malnutrition:

(1) Calorie consumption

That the daily per capita calorie consumption of the country is less than 2300 calories.

(2) Food security requirements

That the country cannot meet its food security requirements through domestic production or imports due to a shortage of foreign exchange earnings.

(3) Child mortality rate

That the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in the country is in excess of 100 per 1000 births.

(c) Priority

In determining whether and to what extent agricultural commodities shall be made available to least developed countries under this subchapter, the Administrator shall give priority to countries that—

(1) demonstrate the greatest need for food;

(2) demonstrate the capacity to use food assistance effectively;

(3) have demonstrated a commitment to policies to promote food security, including policies to reduce measurably hunger and malnutrition through efforts such as establishing and institutionalizing supplemental nutrition programs targeted to reach those who are nutritionally at risk; and

(4) have a long-term plan for broad-based, equitable, and sustainable development.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title III, §302, as added Pub. L. 95–88, title II, §211(a)(2), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 549; amended Pub. L. 96–53, title II, §205, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 369; Pub. L. 99–83, title X, §1004(b), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 271; Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, §1108, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1467; Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3642.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 302 of act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title III, 68 Stat. 458, which amended section 1431 of this title, was renumbered section 309 by Pub. L. 95–88, title II, §211(a)(1), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 548.

Amendments

1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions setting out criteria for eligibility of developing countries for distribution of commodities, minimum aggregate value of agreements for such distribution, waiver of minimum, and participatory requirements.

1985—Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Pub. L. 99–198 substituted "10" for "15" percent.

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 99–83 inserted "and of United States nonprofit voluntary agencies and cooperatives".

1979—Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 96–53 added par. (4).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as a note under section 2151–1 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–53 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Pub. L. 96–53, set out as a note under section 2151 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 215 of Pub. L. 95–88, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1702 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 4405 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 75: INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE OF PERISHABLE FOODSTUFFS / Section 4405: Fees and charges
Fees and charges
Status: in_force

(a) Testing or inspection

Any organization designated by the Secretary of Agriculture to test or inspect equipment may establish reasonable fees to cover the costs of such testing or inspection. Such fees shall be payable directly to the organization by those seeking inspection or testing.

(b) Issuance of certificates of compliance

The Secretary of Agriculture may, effective October 1, 1982, fix and cause to be collected reasonable fees to cover, as nearly as practicable, the costs to the Department of Agriculture incurred in connection with the issuance of certificates of compliance as provided under section 4403(2) of this title. All fees collected shall be credited to the current appropriation account that incurs the cost and shall be available without fiscal year limitation to pay the expenses of the Secretary of Agriculture incident to the issuance of certificates of compliance under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 97–325, §6, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1605.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 97–325, Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1603, known as the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4401 of this title and Tables.
7 U.S.C. § 415 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 415: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 415 was editorially reclassified as section 2241b of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 7809 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 105: HASS AVOCADO PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION / Section 7809: Confidentiality
Confidentiality
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition

No information regarding names of voters or how a person voted in a referendum conducted under this chapter shall be made public.

(b) Penalty

Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) or the confidentiality terms of an order, as described in section 7804(m)(2) of this title, shall be subject to a fine of not less that $1,000 nor more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for not more than 1 year, or both. If the person is an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture or the Board, the person shall be removed from office.

(c) Additional prohibition

No information obtained under this chapter may be made available to any agency or officer of the Federal Government for any purpose other than the implementation of this chapter or an investigatory or enforcement action necessary for the implementation of this chapter.

(d) Withholding information from Congress prohibited

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize the withholding of information from Congress.

(Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title XII, §1210], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–96.)
7 U.S.C. § 8316 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 109: ANIMAL HEALTH PROTECTION / Section 8316: Authorization of appropriations
Authorization of appropriations
Status: in_force

(a) In general

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this chapter.

(b) Transfer of funds

(1) In general

In connection with an emergency under which a pest or disease of livestock threatens any segment of agricultural production in the United States, the Secretary may transfer from other appropriations or funds available to the agencies or corporations of the Department of Agriculture such funds as the Secretary determines are necessary for the arrest, control, eradication, or prevention of the spread of the pest or disease of livestock and for related expenses.

(2) Availability

Any funds transferred under this subsection shall remain available until expended, without fiscal year limitation.

(3) Reviewability

The action of any officer, employee, or agent of the Secretary in carrying out this section (including determining the amount of and making any payment authorized to be made under this chapter) shall not be subject to review by any officer or employee of the Federal Government other than the Secretary or the designee of the Secretary.

(c) Use of funds

In carrying out this chapter, the Secretary may use funds made available to carry out this chapter for—

(1) the employment of civilian nationals in foreign countries; and

(2) the construction and operation of research laboratories, quarantine stations, and other buildings and facilities for special purposes.

(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10417, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 507; Pub. L. 110–234, title XI, §11011(3), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1360; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XI, §11011(3), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2122.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this subtitle", meaning subtitle E (§§10401–10418) of title X of Pub. L. 107–171, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 494, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of subtitle E to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8301 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 110–246, §11011(3), struck out "of longer than 60 days" after "review".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of functions of the Secretary of Agriculture relating to agricultural import and entry inspection activities under this chapter to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 231, 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
7 U.S.C. § 2903 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 62: BEEF RESEARCH AND INFORMATION / Section 2903: Issuance of orders
Issuance of orders
Status: in_force

(a) During the period beginning on January 1, 1986, and ending thirty days after receipt of a proposal for a beef promotion and research order, the Secretary shall publish such proposed order and give due notice and opportunity for public comment on such proposed order. Such proposal may be submitted by any organization meeting the requirements for certification under section 2905 of this title or any interested person, including the Secretary.

(b) After notice and opportunity for public comment are given, as provided for in subsection (a), the Secretary shall issue a beef promotion and research order. The order shall become effective not later than one hundred and twenty days following publication of the proposed order.

(Pub. L. 94–294, §4, May 28, 1976, 90 Stat. 530; Pub. L. 99–198, title XVI, §1601(b), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1599.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1985—Pub. L. 99–198 amended section generally, substituting provisions relating to issuance of orders for provisions relating to orders of Secretary to producers and slaughterers.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–198 effective Jan. 1, 1986, see section 1601(c) of Pub. L. 99–198, set out as a note under section 2901 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 7993 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 106: COMMODITY PROGRAMS / Subchapter VI: ADMINISTRATION / Section 7993: Repealed. Pub. L. 110-234, title I, §1623(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1025, and Pub. L. 110-246, §4(a), title I, §1623(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1753
Repealed. Pub. L. 110-234, title I, §1623(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1025, and Pub. L. 110-246, §4(a), title I, §1623(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1753
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 107–171, title I, §1605, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 216, related to Commission on the Application of Payment Limitations for Agriculture.

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 repealed this section. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3196 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter V: ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE RESEARCH / Section 3196: Research on national and regional animal health or disease problems
Research on national and regional animal health or disease problems
Status: in_force

(a) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated such funds as Congress may determine necessary to support research on specific national or regional animal health or disease problems, or national or regional problems relating to pre-harvest, on-farm food safety, or animal well-being, but not to exceed $35,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991 through 2012, and not in excess of such sums as may after September 29, 1977, be authorized by law for any subsequent fiscal year.

(b) Duration of grants

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 3197 of this title, funds appropriated under this section shall be awarded in the form of grants, for periods not to exceed five years, to State agricultural experiment stations, colleges and universities (including 1890 Institutions (as defined in section 7601 of this title)), other research institutions and organizations, Federal agencies, private organizations or corporations, and individuals.

(c) Establishment of annual priority lists for allocation of funds

In order to establish a rational allocation of funds appropriated under this section, the Secretary shall establish annually priority lists of animal health and disease, food safety, and animal well-being problems of national or regional significance. Such lists shall be prepared after consultation with the Advisory Board. Any recommendations made in connection with such consultation shall not be controlling on the Secretary's determination of priorities. In establishing such priorities, the Secretary and the Advisory Board shall consider the following factors:

(1) any health or disease problem which causes or may cause significant economic losses to any part of the livestock production industry;

(2) any food safety problem that has a significant pre-harvest (on-farm) component and is recognized as posing a significant health hazard to the consuming public;

(3) issues of animal well-being related to production methods that will improve the housing and management of animals to improve the well-being of livestock production species;

(4) whether current scientific knowledge necessary to prevent, cure, or abate such a health or disease problem is adequate; and

(5) whether the status of scientific research is such that accomplishments may be anticipated through the application of scientific effort to such health or disease problem.

(d) Assignment of priorities for grants

Without regard to any consultation under subsection (c), the Secretary shall, to the extent feasible, award grants on the basis of the priorities assigned through a peer review system. Grantees shall be selected on a competitive basis in accordance with such procedures as the Secretary may establish.

(e) Distribution of multiyear grants

In the case of multiyear grants, the Secretary shall distribute funds to grant recipients on a schedule which is reasonably related to the timetable required for the orderly conduct of the research project involved.

(f) Applicability of chapter 10 of title 5

Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of this Act [7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.] shall not apply to a panel or board created solely for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals submitted under this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1434, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1004; Pub. L. 97–98, title XIV, §1430, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1309; Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1414(c), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1549; Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1601(b)(2), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3703; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, §§812, 852(b)(5), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1165, 1171; Pub. L. 105–185, title III, §301(a)(8), title VI, §606(d)(3), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 562, 604; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, §7108, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 432; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, §§7119, 7120, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1222; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VII, §§7119, 7120, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1983; Pub. L. 117–286, §4(a)(37), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4309.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Title XVIII of this Act, referred to in subsec. (f), is title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95–113, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1041, which is classified generally to chapter 55A (§2281 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted "chapter 10 of title 5" for "Federal Advisory Committee Act" in heading and "Chapter 10 of title 5" for "The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.)" in text.

2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–246, §7119, substituted "2012" for "2007".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–246, §7120, inserted "(including 1890 Institutions (as defined in section 7601 of this title))" after "universities".

2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted "2007" for "2002".

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–185, §301(a)(8), substituted "2002" for "1997".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–185, §606(d)(3), struck out "and the Board" after "Advisory Board" in second sentence and substituted "and the Advisory Board" for ", the Advisory Board, and the Board" in fourth sentence.

1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–127, §812(1), inserted "or national or regional problems relating to pre-harvest, on-farm food safety, or animal well-being," after "problems," and substituted "1997" for "1995".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–127, §812(2), substituted "State agricultural experiment stations, colleges and universities, other research institutions and organizations, Federal agencies, private organizations or corporations, and individuals" for "eligible institutions".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–127, §852(b)(5), in introductory provisions, substituted "after consultation with the Advisory Board" for "after consultation with the Joint Council, the Advisory Board," and "the Secretary, the Advisory Board," for "the Secretary, the Joint Council, the Advisory Board,".

Pub. L. 104–127, §812(3)(A), in introductory provisions, inserted ", food safety, and animal well-being" after "animal health and disease".

Subsec. (c)(2) to (5). Pub. L. 104–127, §812(3)(B), added pars. (2) and (3) and redesignated former pars. (2) and (3) as (4) and (5), respectively.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–127, §812(4), struck out "to eligible institutions" after "award grants".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104–127, §812(5), added subsec. (f).

1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–624 substituted "for each of the fiscal years 1991 through 1995," for "annually for the period beginning October 1, 1981, and ending September 30, 1990,".

1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–198 substituted "1990" for "1985".

1981—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–98, §1430(a), substituted "as Congress may determine necessary to support research on specific national or regional animal health or disease problems, but not to exceed $35,000,000 annually for the period beginning October 1, 1981, and ending September 30, 1985, and not in excess of such sums as may after September 29, 1977, be authorized by law for any subsequent fiscal year" for ", not to exceed $15,000,000 annually, as Congress may determine necessary to support research on specific national or regional animal health or disease problems".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–98, §1430(b), substituted provisions that funds appropriated under this section shall be awarded in the form of grants, for periods not to exceed five years, to eligible institutions for provisions that such funds shall be allocated by the Secretary to eligible institutions for work to be done, as mutually agreed upon between the Secretary and the eligible institution or institutions and that the Secretary shall consult the Board in developing plans for the use of these funds whenever possible.

Subsecs. (c) to (e). Pub. L. 97–98, §1430(c), added subsecs. (c) to (e).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 5105 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 82: STATE AGRICULTURAL LOAN MEDIATION PROGRAMS / Section 5105: Report
Report
Status: in_force

Not later than 2 years after December 20, 2018, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing—

(1) the effectiveness of the State mediation programs receiving matching grants under this chapter;

(2) recommendations for improving the delivery of mediation services to producers;

(3) the steps being taken to ensure that State mediation programs receive timely funding under this chapter; and

(4) the savings to the States as a result of having a mediation program.

(Pub. L. 100–233, title V, §505, Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1664; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §282(d), (f)(1), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3235; Pub. L. 115–334, title V, §5402(b), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4675.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–334 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section required a report related to mediation programs no later than Jan. 1, 1998.

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 in introductory provisions substituted "1998" for "1990", in par. (1) struck out "agricultural loan" before "mediation programs", and in par. (3) substituted "a mediation" for "an agricultural loan mediation".
7 U.S.C. § 9035 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 115: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY POLICY AND PROGRAMS / Subchapter II: MARKETING LOANS / Section 9035: Loan deficiency payments
Loan deficiency payments
Status: in_force

(a) Availability of loan deficiency payments

(1) In general

Except as provided in subsection (d), the Secretary may make loan deficiency payments available to producers on a farm that, although eligible to obtain a marketing assistance loan under section 9031 of this title with respect to a loan commodity, agree to forgo obtaining the loan for the commodity in return for loan deficiency payments under this section.

(2) Unshorn pelts, hay, and silage

(A) Marketing assistance loans

Subject to subparagraph (B), nongraded wool in the form of unshorn pelts and hay and silage derived from a loan commodity are not eligible for a marketing assistance loan under section 9031 of this title.

(B) Loan deficiency payment

Effective for each of the 2014 through 2023 crop years, the Secretary may make loan deficiency payments available under this section to producers on a farm that produce unshorn pelts or hay and silage derived from a loan commodity.

(b) Computation

A loan deficiency payment for a loan commodity or commodity referred to in subsection (a)(2) shall be equal to the product obtained by multiplying—

(1) the payment rate determined under subsection (c) for the commodity; by

(2) the quantity of the commodity produced by the eligible producers, excluding any quantity for which the producers obtain a marketing assistance loan under section 9031 of this title.

(c) Payment rate

(1) In general

In the case of a loan commodity, the payment rate shall be the amount by which—

(A) the loan rate established under section 9032 of this title for the loan commodity; exceeds

(B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan for the loan commodity may be repaid under section 9034 of this title.

(2) Unshorn pelts

In the case of unshorn pelts, the payment rate shall be the amount by which—

(A) the loan rate established under section 9032 of this title for ungraded wool; exceeds

(B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan for ungraded wool may be repaid under section 9034 of this title.

(3) Hay and silage

In the case of hay or silage derived from a loan commodity, the payment rate shall be the amount by which—

(A) the loan rate established under section 9032 of this title for the loan commodity from which the hay or silage is derived; exceeds

(B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan for the loan commodity may be repaid under section 9034 of this title.

(d) Exception for extra long staple cotton

This section shall not apply with respect to extra long staple cotton.

(e) Effective date for payment rate determination

The Secretary shall determine the amount of the loan deficiency payment to be made under this section to the producers on a farm with respect to a quantity of a loan commodity or commodity referred to in subsection (a)(2) using the payment rate in effect under subsection (c) as of the date the producers request the payment.

(Pub. L. 113–79, title I, §1205, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 679; Pub. L. 115–334, title I, §1201(c)(1), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4509.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Provisions of law applicable to a loan commodity for the 2023 crop year pursuant to title I of Pub. L. 113–79 applicable to the 2024 crop year for that loan commodity, see section 102(c)(1) of Pub. L. 118–22, set out in an Extension of Agricultural Programs note under section 9001 of this title.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "2023" for "2018".
7 U.S.C. § 8109 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 107: RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT / Section 8109: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title IX, §9008, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4886
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title IX, §9008, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4886
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 107–171, title IX, §9009, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title IX, §9001(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1324, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title IX, §9001(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2085; amended Pub. L. 112–240, title VII, §701(f)(8), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2365, established the Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative.

A prior section 8109, Pub. L. 107–171, title IX, §9011, as added Pub. L. 108–199, div. A, title VII, §778(b), Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 41, related to research, extension, and educational programs on biobased energy technologies and products, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 110–246. See section 8114 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 5856 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 88: RESEARCH / Subchapter III: NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL WEATHER INFORMATION SYSTEM / Section 5856: Improvements to United States Drought Monitor
Improvements to United States Drought Monitor
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall coordinate with the Director of the National Drought Mitigation Center and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to enhance the collection of data to improve the accuracy of the United States Drought Monitor.

(b) Utilization

To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall utilize a consistent source or sources of data for programs that are based on drought or precipitation indices, such as the livestock forage disaster program established under section 9081(c) of this title or policies or plans of insurance established under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).

(c) Review

Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, the Secretary shall conduct a review of—

(1) the types of data currently utilized by the United States Drought Monitor;

(2) the geographic coverage and density of existing data collection sites; and

(3) other meteorological or climatological data that is being collected by other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and non-Federal entities that could be utilized by the United States Drought Monitor.

(d) Improvements

(1) In general

Upon the completion of the review prescribed in subsection (c), the Secretary shall—

(A) seek to expand the collection of relevant data in States or geographic areas where coverage is currently lacking as compared to other States or geographic areas; and

(B) to the maximum extent practicable, develop standards to allow the integration of meteorological or climatological data into the United States Drought Monitor derived from—

(i) in-situ soil moisture profile measuring devices;

(ii) citizen science (as defined in the Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Act (15 U.S.C. 3724)), including data from the Cooperative Observer Program of the National Weather Service; and

(iii) other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and non-Federal entities.

(2) Authorization of appropriations

There is to be authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

(Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, §12512, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4995.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Crop Insurance Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is subtitle A of title V of act Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, 52 Stat. 72, which is classified generally to subchapter I (§1501 et seq.) of chapter 36 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1501 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and not as part of subtitle C of title XVI of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 which comprises this subchapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition of "Secretary"

"Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 2 of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as a note under section 9001 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2238 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2238: Use of field work funds for purchase of arms and ammunition
Use of field work funds for purchase of arms and ammunition
Status: in_force

Funds available for field work in the Department of Agriculture may be used for the purchase of arms and ammunition whenever the individual purchase does not exceed $50, and for individual purchases exceeding $50, when such arms and ammunition cannot advantageously be supplied by the Secretary of the Army pursuant to section 7655 of title 10.

(June 4, 1936, ch. 489, 49 Stat. 1422; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, §809(d), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1841.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 542b of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.

The Department of War was designated the Department of the Army and the title of the Secretary of War was changed to Secretary of the Army by section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, 61 Stat. 501. Section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, was repealed by section 53 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 641. Section 1 of act Aug. 10, 1956, enacted "Title 10, Armed Forces" which in sections 3010 to 3013 continued the military Department of the Army under the administrative supervision of a Secretary of the Army.

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–232 substituted "section 7655 of title 10" for "the Act of March 3, 1879 (20 Stat. 412)".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
7 U.S.C. § 2668 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 59: RURAL FIRE PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND SMALL FARM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION / Subchapter II: RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND SMALL FARM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION / Section 2668: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 92–419, title V, §508, Aug. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 674, related to Secretary's authority to promulgate such regulations as might be necessary to carry out the provisions of this subchapter, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 97–98, title XIV, §1444(a), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1322. See section 2667 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3319a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter X: FUNDING AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 3319a: Cost-reimbursable agreements
Cost-reimbursable agreements
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Agriculture may enter into cost-reimbursable agreements with State cooperative institutions or other colleges and universities without regard to any requirement for competition, for the acquisition of goods or services, including personal services, to carry out agricultural research, extension, or teaching activities of mutual interest. Reimbursable costs under such agreements shall include the actual direct costs of performance, as mutually agreed on by the parties, and the indirect costs of performance, not exceeding 10 percent of the direct cost.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1473A, as added Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, §1426, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1553; amended Pub. L. 105–185, title II, §231, June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 547.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Pub. L. 105–185 inserted "or other colleges and universities" after "institutions" in first sentence.
7 U.S.C. § 7422 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 101: AGRICULTURAL PROMOTION / Subchapter II: ISSUANCE OF ORDERS FOR PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES REGARDING AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 7422: Amendments to orders
Amendments to orders
Status: in_force

The provisions of this subchapter applicable to an order shall be applicable to any amendment to an order, except that section 7417 of this title shall not apply to an amendment.

(Pub. L. 104–127, title V, §523, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1047.)
7 U.S.C. § 343a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 13: AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGES / Subchapter IV: AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORK APPROPRIATION / Section 343a: Repealed. June 26, 1953, ch. 157, §2, 67 Stat. 85, 86
Repealed. June 26, 1953, ch. 157, §2, 67 Stat. 85, 86
Status: repealed

Section 343a, acts May 22, 1928, ch. 687, §1, 45 Stat. 711; Mar. 10, 1930, ch. 73, 46 Stat. 83, authorized additional annual appropriations of $980,000, and $500,000, further to develop cooperative agricultural extension work under sections 341 to 343, 344 to 346, and 347a to 349 of this title, provided for the disposition of such sums, and extended the system to Hawaii.

Section 343b, act May 22, 1928, ch. 687, §2, 45 Stat. 712, provided that the sums appropriated under said section 343a should be in addition to sums appropriated under section 343 of this title, or sums otherwise annually appropriated for cooperative agricultural extension work.

Section 343c, acts June 29, 1935, ch. 338, title II, §21, 49 Stat. 438; June 6, 1945, ch. 175, §2, 59 Stat. 233, authorized further additional appropriations on an ascending scale until they amounted to $12,000,000 annually, further to develop the cooperative agricultural system inaugurated under sections 341 to 343, 344 to 346, 347a to 349 of this title, and provided for their disposition.

Section 343c–1, acts Apr. 24, 1939, ch. 85, 53 Stat. 589; Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title VII, §707, 58 Stat. 742, authorized additional appropriations of $555,000 annually, for the purpose of paying the expenses of cooperative extension work in agriculture and home economics, and provided for their disposition.

The provisions that were contained in all of the above repealed sections are covered generally by sections 341 to 343, 344 to 346, and 347a to 349 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 6911 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 98: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REORGANIZATION / Subchapter I: GENERAL REORGANIZATION AUTHORITIES / Section 6911: Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title XII, §12414(a)(1), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4981
Repealed. Pub. L. 115-334, title XII, §12414(a)(1), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4981
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 103–354, title II, §211, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3209; Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §722(c), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 107–171, title VI, §6201(d)(3), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 419, related to transfer of Department functions to Secretary of Agriculture.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Construction of 2018 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, §12414(c), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4981, provided that: "Nothing in the amendments made by this section [repealing sections 6911, 6913, 6914, 6917, 6935, 6963, 6972, and 7013 of this title] shall be construed as affecting—

"(1) the authority of the Secretary to continue to carry out a function vested in, and performed by, the Secretary as of the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2018] under any provision of Federal law other than the provisions repealed by subsections (a) and (b); or

"(2) the authority of an agency, office, officer, or employee of the Department of Agriculture to continue to perform all functions delegated or assigned to the agency, office, officer, or employee as of the date of enactment of this Act any provision of Federal law other than the provisions repealed by subsections (a) and (b)."
7 U.S.C. § 511h (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 21A: TOBACCO INSPECTION / Section 511h: Publication of information relating to tobacco
Publication of information relating to tobacco
Status: in_force

The Secretary is authorized to collect, publish, and distribute, by telegraph, mail, or otherwise without cost to the grower, timely information on the market supply and demand, location, disposition, quality, condition, and market prices for tobacco.

(Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 623, §9, 49 Stat. 733.)
7 U.S.C. § 447 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 17: MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS / Section 447: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 447 was editorially reclassified as section 667g of Title 16, Conservation.
7 U.S.C. § 2006d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2006d: Market placement
Market placement
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall establish a market placement program for qualified beginning farmers and ranchers and other borrowers of farmer program loans that the Secretary believes have a reasonable chance of qualifying for commercial credit with a guarantee provided under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §362, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XVIII, §1821, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3831.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 87–128, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 307, known as the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1921 of this title and Tables.
7 U.S.C. § 1509 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 36: CROP INSURANCE / Subchapter I: FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE / Section 1509: Exemption of indemnities from levy
Exemption of indemnities from levy
Status: in_force

Claims for indemnities under this subchapter shall not be liable to attachment, levy, garnishment, or any other legal process before payment to the insured or to deduction on account of the indebtedness of the insured or the estate of the insured to the United States except claims of the United States or the Corporation arising under this subchapter.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title V, §509, 52 Stat. 75; Pub. L. 103–354, title I, §115(c), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3204; Pub. L. 110–234, title XII, §12033(c)(2)(B), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1405; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XII, §12033(c)(2)(B), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2167.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–246, §12033(c)(2)(B), substituted "this subchapter" for "this chapter" in two places.

1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted "or the estate of the insured" for "or his estate".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–354 effective Oct. 13, 1994, and applicable to provision of crop insurance under Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) beginning with 1995 crop year, with such Act, as in effect on the day before Oct. 13, 1994, to continue to apply with respect to 1994 crop year, see section 120 of Pub. L. 103–354, set out as a note under section 1502 of this title.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Administration of program of Federal Crop Insurance Corporation transferred to Secretary of Agriculture by 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3, §501, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F.R. 7877, 60 Stat. 1100. See note set out under section 1503 of this title.

Wartime consolidation of Federal Crop Insurance Corporation into Agricultural Conservation and Adjustment Administration, see note set out under section 1503 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 229b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 229b: Right to discuss terms of contract
Right to discuss terms of contract
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Producer

The term "producer" means any person engaged in the raising and caring for livestock or poultry for slaughter.

(2) Processor

The term "processor" means any person engaged in the business of obtaining livestock or poultry for the purpose of slaughtering the livestock or poultry.

(b) No prohibition of discussion

Notwithstanding a provision in any contract between a producer and a processor for the production of livestock or poultry, or in any marketing agreement between a producer and a processor for the sale of livestock or poultry for a term of 1 year or more, that provides that information contained in the contract is confidential, a party to the contract shall not be prohibited from discussing any terms or details of the contract with—

(1) a Federal or State agency;

(2) a legal adviser to the party;

(3) a lender to the party;

(4) an accountant hired by the party;

(5) an executive or manager of the party;

(6) a landlord of the party; or

(7) a member of the immediate family of the party.

(c) Effect on State laws

Subsection (b) does not—

(1) preempt any State law that addresses confidentiality provisions in contracts for the sale or production of livestock or poultry, except any provision of State law that makes lawful a contract provision that prohibits a party from, or limits a party in, engaging in discussion that subsection (b) requires to be permitted; or

(2) deprive any State court of jurisdiction under any such State law.

(d) Applicability

This section applies to each contract described in subsection (b) that is entered into, amended, renewed, or extended after May 13, 2002.

(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10503, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 510.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, and not as part of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, which comprises this chapter.
7 U.S.C. § 1436a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1436a: Transfer of nonadministrative funds of Commodity Credit Corporation for classing and grading purposes
Transfer of nonadministrative funds of Commodity Credit Corporation for classing and grading purposes
Status: in_force

On and after August 31, 1951, there may be transferred to appropriations available for classing or grading any agricultural commodity without charge to the producers thereof such sums from nonadministrative funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation as may be necessary in addition to other funds available for these purposes, such transfers to be reimbursed from subsequent appropriations therefor.

(Aug. 31, 1951, ch. 374, title I, 65 Stat. 239.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 414a of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Section was enacted as part of the Department of Agriculture Appropriation Act, 1952, and not as part of the Agricultural Act of 1949 which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of the 1949 Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1421 of this title and Tables.
7 U.S.C. § 7655a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 103: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND EDUCATION REFORM / Subchapter III: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS / Section 7655a: Food safety education initiatives
Food safety education initiatives
Status: in_force

(a) Initiative authorized

The Secretary may carry out a food safety education program to educate the public and persons in the fresh produce industry about—

(1) scientifically proven practices for reducing microbial pathogens on fresh produce; and

(2) methods of reducing the threat of cross-contamination of fresh produce through sanitary handling practices.

(b) Cooperation

The Secretary may carry out the education program in cooperation with public and private partners.

(c) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2023, to remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 110–234, title X, §10105, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1336; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title X, §10105, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2098; Pub. L. 113–79, title X, §10006, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 947; Pub. L. 115–334, title X, §10106, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4905.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Section was enacted as part of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, and not as part of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998, which in part comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "2023" for "2018".

2014—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "2018" for "2012".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.

Definition of "Secretary"

"Secretary" as meaning the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 205 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter III: STOCKYARDS AND STOCKYARD DEALERS / Section 205: General duty as to services; revocation of registration
General duty as to services; revocation of registration
Status: in_force

All stockyard services furnished pursuant to reasonable request made to a stockyard owner or market agency at such stockyard shall be reasonable and nondiscriminatory and stockyard services which are furnished shall not be refused on any basis that is unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory: Provided, That in any State where the weighing of livestock at a stockyard is conducted by a duly authorized department or agency of the State, the Secretary, upon application of such department or agency, may register it as a market agency for the weighing of livestock received in such stockyard, and upon such registration such department or agency and the members thereof shall be amenable to all the requirements of this chapter, and upon failure of such department or agency or the members thereof to comply with the orders of the Secretary under this chapter he is authorized to revoke the registration of such department or agency and to enforce such revocation as provided in section 216 of this title.

(Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title III, §304, 42 Stat. 164; May 5, 1926, ch. 240, 44 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 90–446, §1(c), July 31, 1968, 82 Stat. 474.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1968—Pub. L. 90–446 inserted provision requiring that stockyard services which are furnished not be refused on any basis that is unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory.

1926—Act May 5, 1926, inserted proviso.
7 U.S.C. § 229 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter V: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 229: Repealed. Pub. L. 110-234, title XI, 11004(b), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1356, and Pub. L. 110-246, §4(a), title XI, §11004(b), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2118
Repealed. Pub. L. 110-234, title XI, 11004(b), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1356, and Pub. L. 110-246, §4(a), title XI, §11004(b), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2118
Status: repealed

Section, act Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title IV, §416, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title XI, §11004(a)(2), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1355, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XI, §11004(a)(2), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2117, related to annual reports about investigations and enforcement actions.

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 repealed this section. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 416 of act Aug. 15, 1921, was renumbered section 417 and is classified to section 229c of this title.

Another prior section 416 of act Aug. 15, 1921, was classified to section 229a of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–78.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Pub. L. 110–234, title XI, 11004(b), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1356, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XI, §11004(b), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2118, provided that the repeal of this section is effective Sept. 30, 2012 [extended to Sept. 30, 2013, see section 701(a) of Pub. L. 112–240, set out in a 1-Year Extension of Agricultural Programs note under section 8701 of this title].

[Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical provisions. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.]
7 U.S.C. § 1907 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 48: HUMANE METHODS OF LIVESTOCK SLAUGHTER / Section 1907: Practices involving nonambulatory livestock
Practices involving nonambulatory livestock
Status: in_force

(a) Report

The Secretary of Agriculture shall investigate and submit to Congress a report on—

(1) the scope of nonambulatory livestock;

(2) the causes that render livestock nonambulatory;

(3) the humane treatment of nonambulatory livestock; and

(4) the extent to which nonambulatory livestock may present handling and disposition problems for stockyards, market agencies, and dealers.

(b) Authority

Based on the findings of the report, if the Secretary determines it necessary, the Secretary shall promulgate regulations to provide for the humane treatment, handling, and disposition of nonambulatory livestock by stockyards, market agencies, and dealers.

(c) Administration and enforcement

For the purpose of administering and enforcing any regulations promulgated under subsection (b), the authorities provided under sections 10414 [7 U.S.C. 8313] and 10415 [7 U.S.C. 8314] shall apply to the regulations in a similar manner as those sections apply to the Animal Health Protection Act [7 U.S.C. 8301 et seq.]. Any person that violates regulations promulgated under subsection (b) shall be subject to penalties provided in section 10414.

(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10815, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 532.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Animal Health Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is subtitle E (§§10401–10418) of title X of Pub. L. 107–171, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 494, which is classified principally to chapter 109 (§8301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8301 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 and not as part of Pub. L. 85–765, which comprises this chapter.
7 U.S.C. § 2008d (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008d: Recordkeeping of loans by borrower's gender
Recordkeeping of loans by borrower's gender
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall classify, by gender, records of applicants for loans and loan guarantees under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §369, as added Pub. L. 102–554, §21(c), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4161.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this title", meaning title III of Pub. L. 87–128, Aug. 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 307, known as the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1921 of this title and Tables.
7 U.S.C. § 5332 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 84: NATIONAL NUTRITION MONITORING AND RELATED RESEARCH / Subchapter II: NATIONAL NUTRITION MONITORING ADVISORY COUNCIL / Section 5332: Functions of Council
Functions of Council
Status: in_force

The Council shall—

(1) provide scientific and technical advice on the development and implementation of all components of the coordinated program and the comprehensive plan;

(2) evaluate the scientific and technical quality of the comprehensive plan and the effectiveness of the coordinated program;

(3) recommend to the Secretaries, on an annual basis, means of enhancing the comprehensive plan and the coordinated program; and

(4) submit to the Secretaries annual reports that—

(A) shall contain the components specified in paragraphs (2) and (3); and

(B) shall be included in full in the biennial reports of the Secretaries to the President for transmittal to Congress under section 5312(b) of this title.

(Pub. L. 101–445, title II, §202, Oct. 22, 1990, 104 Stat. 1042.)
7 U.S.C. § 2009e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter V: RURAL COMMUNITY ADVANCEMENT PROGRAM / Section 2009e: Transfers of funds
Transfers of funds
Status: in_force

(a) General authority

Subject to subsection (b) of this section, the State Director 1 of any State may, during any fiscal year, transfer from each account specified in section 2009d(c) of this title a total of not more than 25 percent of the amount in the account that is allocated for the State for the fiscal year to any other account in which amounts are allocated for the State for the fiscal year.

(b) Limitation

Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a transfer otherwise authorized by subsection (a) of this section to be made during a fiscal year may not be made to the extent that the sum of the amount to be transferred and all amounts so transferred by State directors under subsection (a) of this section during the fiscal year exceeds 10 percent of the total amount made available to carry out the authorities described in section 2009d(d) of this title for the fiscal year.

(c) Exceptions

Subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply to a transfer of funds by a State director if the State director certifies to the Secretary that—

(1) there is an approved application for a project in the function category to which the funds are to be transferred but funds are not available for the project in the function category; and

(2)(A) there is no such approved application in the function category from which the funds are to be transferred; or

(B) the community that would benefit from the project has a smaller population and a lesser per capita income than any community that would benefit from a project in the function category from which the funds are to be transferred.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §381F, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §761, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1142.)

1 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized.
7 U.S.C. § 15a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 1: COMMODITY EXCHANGES / Section 15a: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-405, §24, Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 877
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-405, §24, Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 877
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 93–463, title II, §217, Oct. 23, 1974, 88 Stat. 1405, related to leverage contracts for gold and silver. See section 23(b) of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 28 of Pub. L. 95–405, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 2 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2008u (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008u: Health care services
Health care services
Status: in_force

(a) Purpose

The purpose of this section is to address the continued unmet health needs in the Delta region through cooperation among health care professionals, institutions of higher education, research institutions, and other individuals and entities in the region.

(b) Definition of eligible entity

In this section, the term "eligible entity" means a consortium of regional institutions of higher education, academic health and research institutes, and economic development entities located in the Delta region that have experience in addressing the health care issues in the region.

(c) Grants

To carry out the purpose described in subsection (a), the Secretary may award a grant to an eligible entity for—

(1) the development of—

(A) health care services;

(B) health education programs; and

(C) health care job training programs; and

(2) the development and expansion of public health-related facilities in the Delta region to address longstanding and unmet health needs of the region.

(d) Use

As a condition of the receipt of the grant, the eligible entity shall use the grant to fund projects and activities described in subsection (c), based on input solicited from local governments, public health care providers, and other entities in the Delta region.

(e) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section, $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2023.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §379G, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title VI, §6024, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1176, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title VI, §6024, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1938; amended Pub. L. 113–79, title VI, §6024, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 848; Pub. L. 115–334, title VI, §6423, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4765.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "2023" for "2018".

2014—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "2018" for "2012".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 138b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 6A: NATIONAL LABORATORY ACCREDITATION / Section 138b: Accreditation
Accreditation
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary shall issue certificates of accreditation to laboratories that meet the requirements of this chapter, as determined by the Secretary.

(b) Requirements for accreditation

To receive accreditation under this chapter, a laboratory shall prepare and submit an application for accreditation to the Secretary and shall complete such required tests, and meet such standards as established under section 138a of this title.

(c) Failure to meet accreditation standards

The Secretary shall deny an application for accreditation or shall revoke any existing accreditation with respect to any laboratory that fails to meet the requirements for accreditation under this chapter.

(d) Limited accreditation

The Secretary may issue certificates of accreditation to laboratories that are limited to specific fields of testing.

(Pub. L. 101–624, title XIII, §1323, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3563.)
7 U.S.C. § 1594 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 37: SEEDS / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1594: Prohibition against alterations
Prohibition against alterations
Status: in_force

No person shall detach, alter, deface, or destroy any label provided for in this chapter or the rules and regulations made and promulgated thereunder by the Secretary of Agriculture, or alter or substitute seed in a manner that may defeat the purpose of this chapter.

(Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, §404, 53 Stat. 1286.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

See section 1610 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 218 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 9: PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS / Subchapter IV: LIVE POULTRY DEALERS AND HANDLERS / Section 218: Repealed. Pub. L. 100-173, §10, Nov. 23, 1987, 101 Stat. 922
Repealed. Pub. L. 100-173, §10, Nov. 23, 1987, 101 Stat. 922
Status: repealed

Section 218, act Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title V, §501, as added Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 532, 49 Stat. 648, stated necessity to curb unfair, deceptive, and fraudulent practices relating to live poultry.

Section 218a, act Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title V, §502, as added Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 532, 49 Stat. 648, authorized Secretary to designate cities and markets where unfair practices exist, to require licensing, and to prescribe information to be contained in application license, and authorized penalty for dealing without license.

Section 218b, act Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title V, §503, as added Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 532, 49 Stat. 649, defined "live poultry dealer".

Section 218c, act Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title V, §504, as added Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 532, 49 Stat. 649, related to application of other provisions of this chapter to this subchapter and posting of rates, charges, and rentals in licensee's place of business.

Section 218d, act Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title V, §505, as added Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 532, 49 Stat. 649, related to suspension and revocation of licenses.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective 90 days after Nov. 23, 1987, see section 12 of Pub. L. 100–173, set out as an Effective Date of 1987 Amendment note under section 182 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 7314 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 100: AGRICULTURAL MARKET TRANSITION / Subchapter VII: COMMISSION ON 21st CENTURY PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE / Section 7314: Reports
Reports
Status: in_force

(a) Report on initial review

Not later than June 1, 1998, the Commission shall submit to the President, the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report containing the results of the initial review conducted under section 7313(a) of this title.

(b) Report on subsequent review

Not later than January 1, 2001, the Commission shall submit to the President and the congressional committees specified in subsection (a) a report containing the results of the subsequent review conducted under section 7313(b) of this title.

(Pub. L. 104–127, title I, §184, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 940.)
7 U.S.C. § 1359ll (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1359ll: Period of effectiveness
Period of effectiveness
Status: in_force

(a) In general

This subpart shall be effective only for the 2008 through 2023 crop years for sugar.

(b) Transition

The Secretary shall administer flexible marketing allotments for sugar for the 2007 crop year for sugar on the terms and conditions provided in this subpart as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this section.

(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §359l, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title I, §1403(k), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 989, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title I, §1403(k), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1717; amended Pub. L. 113–79, title I, §1301(b)(2), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 688; Pub. L. 115–334, title I, §1301(b)(2), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4511.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (b), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–246, which was approved June 18, 2008.

Codification

Provisions of law applicable to sugarcane or sugar beets for the 2023 crop year pursuant to title I of Pub. L. 113–79 and amendment made by section 1301 of Pub. L. 115–334 applicable to the 2024 crop year for sugarcane or sugar beets, see section 102(c)(1) of Pub. L. 118–22, set out in an Extension of Agricultural Programs note under section 9001 of this title.

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted "2023" for "2018".

2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "2018" for "2012".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2564 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 57: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION / Subchapter III: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION AND RIGHTS / Section 2564: Damages
Damages
Status: in_force

(a) Upon finding an infringement the court shall award damages adequate to compensate for the infringement but in no event less than a reasonable royalty for the use made of the variety by the infringer, together with interest and costs as fixed by the court.

(b) When the damages are not determined by the jury, the court shall determine them. In either event the court may increase the damages up to three times the amount determined.

(c) The court may receive expert testimony as an aid to the determination of damages or of what royalty would be reasonable under the circumstances.

(d) As to infringement prior to, or resulting from a planting prior to, issuance of a certificate for the infringed variety, a court finding the infringer to have established innocent intentions, shall have discretion as to awarding damages.

(Pub. L. 91–577, title III, §124, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1556.)
7 U.S.C. § 1738g (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter VI: ENTERPRISE FOR THE AMERICAS INITIATIVE / Section 1738g: Enterprise for the Americas environmental funds
Enterprise for the Americas environmental funds
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

An eligible country shall, under the terms of an environmental framework agreement entered into under section 1738f of this title, establish an Environmental Fund to receive payments in local currency pursuant to section 1738f(b)(1) of this title.

(b) Investment

Amounts deposited into an Environmental Fund shall be invested until disbursed. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any return on such investment may be retained by the Environmental Fund and need not be deposited to the account of the Commodity Credit Corporation and may be retained without further appropriation by Congress.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title VI, §608, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3660.)
7 U.S.C. § 2009b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter V: RURAL COMMUNITY ADVANCEMENT PROGRAM / Section 2009b: National objectives
National objectives
Status: in_force

The national objectives of the program established under this subchapter shall be to—

(1) promote strategic development activities and collaborative efforts by State and local communities, and federally recognized Indian tribes, to maximize the impact of Federal assistance;

(2) optimize the use of resources;

(3) provide assistance in a manner that reflects the complexity of rural needs, including the needs for business development, health care, education, infrastructure, cultural resources, the environment, and housing;

(4) advance activities that empower, and build the capacity of, State and local communities to design unique responses to the special needs of the State and local communities, and federally recognized Indian tribes, for rural development assistance; and

(5) adopt flexible and innovative approaches to solving rural development problems.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §381C, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §761, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1139.)
7 U.S.C. § 3198 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter V: ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE RESEARCH / Section 3198: Withholding of appropriated funds
Withholding of appropriated funds
Status: in_force

If the Secretary determines that a State is not entitled to receive its allocation of the annual appropriation under subsection (c) of section 3195 of this title to carry out subsection (a) of such section because of its failure to satisfy requirements of this subchapter or regulations issued under it, the Secretary shall withhold such amount. The facts and reasons concerning the determination and withholding shall be reported to the President; and the amount involved shall be kept separate in the Treasury until the close of the next Congress. If the next Congress does not direct such sum to be paid, it shall be carried to surplus.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1436, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1004; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, §7111(b)(3)(C), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 874.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014—Pub. L. 113–79 substituted "subsection (c) of section 3195 of this title to carry out subsection (a) of such section" for "section 3195 of this title".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2254b (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2254b: Availability of funds appropriated for Agricultural Research Service for research related to tobacco or tobacco products; exception
Availability of funds appropriated for Agricultural Research Service for research related to tobacco or tobacco products; exception
Status: in_force

On and after December 26, 2007, none of the funds appropriated under this heading shall be available to carry out research related to the production, processing, or marketing of tobacco or tobacco products: Provided further, That on and after December 26, 2007, this paragraph shall not apply to research on the medical, biotechnological, food, and industrial uses of tobacco.

(Pub. L. 110–161, div. A, title I, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1851.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This heading, referred to in text, refers to the headings "Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service" and "research and education activities" of title I of div. A of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008, Pub. L. 110–161.
7 U.S.C. § 3803 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 69: SWINE HEALTH PROTECTION / Section 3803: Prohibition of certain garbage feeding; exemption
Prohibition of certain garbage feeding; exemption
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall feed or permit the feeding of garbage to swine except in accordance with subsection (b) of this section.

(b) Garbage may be fed to swine only if treated to kill disease organisms, in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary, at a facility holding a valid permit issued by the Secretary, or the chief agricultural or animal health official of the State where located if such State has entered into an agreement with the Secretary pursuant to section 3808 of this title or has primary enforcement responsibility pursuant to section 3809 of this title. No person shall operate a facility for the treatment of garbage knowing it is to be fed to swine unless such person holds a valid permit issued pursuant to this chapter. The Secretary may exempt any facility or premises from the requirements of this section whenever the Secretary determines that there would not be a risk to the swine industry in the United States.

(Pub. L. 96–468, §4, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2230.)
7 U.S.C. § 1443 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter II: BASIC AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 1443: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title I, §102, as added Aug. 28, 1958, Pub. L. 85–835, title I, §101, 72 Stat. 988, related to acreage allotment and price support levels for the 1959 and 1960 crops of upland cotton.
7 U.S.C. § 2486 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 57: PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION / Subchapter II: PROTECTABILITY OF PLANT VARIETIES AND CERTIFICATES OF PROTECTION / Section 2486: Correction of named breeder
Correction of named breeder
Status: in_force

An error as to the naming of a breeder in the application, without deceptive intent, shall not affect validity of plant variety protection and may be corrected at any time by the Secretary in accordance with regulations established by the Secretary or upon order of a federal court before which the matter is called in question. Upon such correction the Secretary shall issue a certificate accordingly. Such correction shall not deprive any person of any rights the person otherwise would have had.

(Pub. L. 91–577, title II, §86, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1552; Pub. L. 103–349, §13(n), Oct. 6, 1994, 108 Stat. 3143.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–349 substituted "the Secretary" for "him" in first sentence and "the person" for "he" in third sentence.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–349 effective 180 days after Oct. 6, 1994, see section 15 of Pub. L. 103–349, set out as a note under section 2401 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 518f (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 21C: TOBACCO REFORM / Subchapter I: TRANSITIONAL PAYMENTS TO TOBACCO QUOTA HOLDERS AND PRODUCERS OF TOBACCO / Section 518f: Limitation on total expenditures
Limitation on total expenditures
Status: in_force

The total amount expended by the Secretary from the Tobacco Trust Fund to make payments under sections 518a and 518b of this title and for the other authorized purposes of the Fund shall not exceed $10,140,000,000.

(Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, §627, Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1534.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section applicable to the 2005 and subsequent crops of tobacco, see section 643 of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as a note under section 518 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 3102 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 64: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING / Subchapter I: FINDINGS, PURPOSES, AND DEFINITIONS / Section 3102: Additional purposes of agricultural research and extension
Additional purposes of agricultural research and extension
Status: in_force

The purposes of this chapter are to—

(1) establish firmly the Department of Agriculture as the lead agency in the Federal Government for the food and agricultural sciences, and to emphasize that agricultural research, extension, and teaching are distinct missions of the Department of Agriculture;

(2) undertake the special measures set forth in this chapter to improve the coordination and planning of agricultural research, extension, and teaching programs, identify needs and establish priorities for these programs, assure that national agricultural research, extension, and teaching objectives are fully achieved, and assure that the results of agricultural research are effectively communicated and demonstrated to farmers, processors, handlers, consumers, and all other users who can benefit therefrom;

(3) increase cooperation and coordination in the performance of agricultural research by Federal departments and agencies, the States, State agricultural experiment stations, colleges and universities, and user groups;

(4) enable the Federal Government, the States, colleges and universities, and others to implement needed agricultural research, extension, and teaching programs, through the establishment of new programs and the improvement of existing programs, as provided for in this chapter;

(5) establish a new program of grants for high-priority agricultural research to be awarded on the basis of competition among research workers and all colleges and universities;

(6) establish a new program of grants for facilities and instrumentation used in agricultural research; and

(7) establish a new program of education grants and fellowships to strengthen research, extension, and teaching programs in the food and agricultural sciences, to be awarded on the basis of competition.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, §1403, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 983; Pub. L. 97–98, title XIV, §1403, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1296; Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, §1602(b), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3705.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original this "title", meaning title XIV of Pub. L. 95–113, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 981, which enacted this chapter and sections 2669 and 2670 of this title, amended sections 341, 342, 343, 361c, 390 to 390j, 1923, 1942, 2662, 2663, 2667, 3104, and 3157 of this title and section 6651 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and repealed section 390k of this title. For complete classification of such title to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section catchline generally.

1981—Par. (2). Pub. L. 97–98, §1403(1), inserted "extension, and teaching programs," and substituted "these programs" for "such research, assure that high priority research is given adequate funding".

Par. (4). Pub. L. 97–98, §1403(2), substituted "programs through" for "programs, including the initiatives specified in section 3101(8) of this title, through".

Par. (5). Pub. L. 97–98, §1403(3), substituted "among research workers" for "among scientific research workers".

Par. (7). Pub. L. 97–98, §1403(4), substituted "research, extension, and teaching" for "training and research".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 8735 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 113: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY SUPPORT PROGRAMS / Subchapter II: MARKETING ASSISTANCE LOANS AND LOAN DEFICIENCY PAYMENTS / Section 8735: Loan deficiency payments
Loan deficiency payments
Status: in_force

(a) Availability of loan deficiency payments

(1) In general

Except as provided in subsection (d), the Secretary may make loan deficiency payments available to producers on a farm that, although eligible to obtain a marketing assistance loan under section 8731 of this title with respect to a loan commodity, agree to forgo obtaining the loan for the commodity in return for loan deficiency payments under this section.

(2) Unshorn pelts, hay, and silage

(A) Marketing assistance loans

Subject to subparagraph (B), nongraded wool in the form of unshorn pelts and hay and silage derived from a loan commodity are not eligible for a marketing assistance loan under section 8731 of this title.

(B) Loan deficiency payment

Effective for the 2008 through 2012 crop years, the Secretary may make loan deficiency payments available under this section to producers on a farm that produce unshorn pelts or hay and silage derived from a loan commodity.

(b) Computation

A loan deficiency payment for a loan commodity or commodity referred to in subsection (a)(2) shall be computed by multiplying—

(1) the payment rate determined under subsection (c) for the commodity; by

(2) the quantity of the commodity produced by the eligible producers, excluding any quantity for which the producers obtain a marketing assistance loan under section 8731 of this title.

(c) Payment rate

(1) In general

In the case of a loan commodity, the payment rate shall be the amount by which—

(A) the loan rate established under section 8732 of this title for the loan commodity; exceeds

(B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan for the loan commodity may be repaid under section 8734 of this title.

(2) Unshorn pelts

In the case of unshorn pelts, the payment rate shall be the amount by which—

(A) the loan rate established under section 8732 of this title for ungraded wool; exceeds

(B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan for ungraded wool may be repaid under section 8734 of this title.

(3) Hay and silage

In the case of hay or silage derived from a loan commodity, the payment rate shall be the amount by which—

(A) the loan rate established under section 8732 of this title for the loan commodity from which the hay or silage is derived; exceeds

(B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan for the loan commodity may be repaid under section 8734 of this title.

(d) Exception for extra long staple cotton

This section shall not apply with respect to extra long staple cotton.

(e) Effective date for payment rate determination

The Secretary shall determine the amount of the loan deficiency payment to be made under this section to the producers on a farm with respect to a quantity of a loan commodity or commodity referred to in subsection (a)(2) using the payment rate in effect under subsection (c) as of the date the producers request the payment.

(Pub. L. 110–234, title I, §1205, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 958; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title I, §1205, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1686.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 583 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 25: EXPORT STANDARDS FOR APPLES / Section 583: Foreign standards; certification of compliance
Foreign standards; certification of compliance
Status: in_force

Where the government of the country to which the shipment is to be made has standards or requirements as to condition of apples, the Secretary may in addition to inspection and certification for compliance with the standards established or designated hereunder inspect and certify for determination as to compliance with the standards or requirements of such foreign government and may provide for special certificates in such cases.

(June 10, 1933, ch. 59, §3, 48 Stat. 124; Pub. L. 106–96, §1(c)(2), Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1321.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1999—Pub. L. 106–96 struck out "or pears" after "of apples".
7 U.S.C. § 80 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 3: GRAIN STANDARDS / Section 80: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections were omitted in the general reorganization of this chapter by Pub. L. 90–487, §1, Aug. 15, 1968, 82 Stat. 761.

Section 80, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, pt. B, §7 (part), 39 Stat. 484, provided for revocation and suspension of licenses issued by the Secretary of Agriculture. See section 85 of this title.

Section 81, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, pt. B, §7 (part), 39 Stat. 484, prohibited the existence of an interest, financial or otherwise, direct or indirect, on the part of inspectors in grain elevators or warehouses or in the merchandising of grain. See section 87 of this title.

Section 82, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, pt. B, §7 (part), 39 Stat. 484, required maintenance of records and reports by inspectors. See section 87a of this title.

Section 83, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, pt. B, §7 (part), 39 Stat. 484, called for a semiannual report by the Secretary of Agriculture on the delivery of grain in the nation.
7 U.S.C. § 2004 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2004: Expedited clearing of title to inventory property
Expedited clearing of title to inventory property
Status: in_force

The Farmers Home Administration may employ local attorneys, on a case-by-case basis, to process all legal procedures necessary to clear the title to foreclosed properties in the inventory of the Farmers Home Administration. Such attorneys shall be compensated at not more than their usual and customary charges for such work.

(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §356, as added Pub. L. 100–233, title VI, §618, Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1683.)
7 U.S.C. § 1651 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 40: HALOGETON GLOMERATUS CONTROL / Section 1651: Repealed. Pub. L. 106-224, title IV, §438(a)(7), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454
Repealed. Pub. L. 106-224, title IV, §438(a)(7), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454
Status: repealed

Section 1651, act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §2, 66 Stat. 597, set forth Federal Government policy to control, suppress, and eradicate the poisonous weed Halogeton glomeratus.

Section 1652, act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §3, 66 Stat. 598, set forth provisions relating to authority of Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior and requiring consent prior to conducting measures and operations to control, suppress, or eradicate the weed.

Section 1653, act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §4, 66 Stat. 598, authorized discretionary expenditure of funds and acceptance of voluntary and uncompensated services of Federal, State, and local employees.

Section 1654, act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §5, 66 Stat. 598, gave Secretaries discretion to require contributions by States as prerequisites to making Federal expenditures.

Section 1655, act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §6, 66 Stat. 598, authorized appropriations and set forth provisions relating to their use.

Section 1656, act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §7, 66 Stat. 599, set forth provisions relating to extent of authority of this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Act July 14, 1952, ch. 721, §1, 66 Stat. 597, which provided that this chapter could be cited as the "Halogeton Glomeratus Control Act", was repealed by Pub. L. 106–224, title IV, §438(a)(7), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454.
7 U.S.C. § 1444c (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35A: PRICE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Subchapter II: BASIC AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES / Section 1444c: Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title IV, §401(1), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3400
Repealed. Pub. L. 101-624, title IV, §401(1), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3400
Status: repealed

Section 1444c, act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title I, §105A, as added Sept. 29, 1977, Pub. L. 95–113, title V, §§501, 502, 91 Stat. 928, 930; amended Mar. 18, 1980, Pub. L. 96–213, §§2, 4(c), 94 Stat. 119, 120; Sept. 26, 1980, Pub. L. 96–365, title II, §201(c), 94 Stat. 1320, Dec. 3, 1980, Pub. L. 96–494, title II, §202(a), 94 Stat. 2570, related to loan rates and target prices for 1977 through 1981 feed grain crops.

Section 1444d, act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title I, §105B, as added Dec. 22, 1981, Pub. L. 97–98, title IV, §401, 95 Stat. 1227; amended Sept. 8, 1982, Pub. L. 97–253, title I, §§123, 124, 96 Stat. 769; Sept. 29, 1983, Pub. L. 98–100, §1(a), 97 Stat. 718; Apr. 10, 1984, Pub. L. 98–258, title II, §§201–203, 98 Stat. 132, 133, related to loan rates and target prices for 1982 through 1985 feed grain crops.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective beginning with 1991 crop of an agricultural commodity, with provision for prior crops, see section 1171 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as an Effective Date of 1990 Amendment note under section 1421 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 150aa (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 7B: PLANT PESTS / Section 150aa: Repealed. Pub. L. 106-224, title IV, §438(a)(2), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454
Repealed. Pub. L. 106-224, title IV, §438(a)(2), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454
Status: repealed

Section 150aa, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §102, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 31, defined terms as used in this chapter.

Section 150bb, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §103, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 32; Pub. L. 97–461, §1(a), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2523; Pub. L. 100–449, title III, §301(f)(1), Sept. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 1868; Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, §431(c)(1), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4967, prohibited movement of plant pests into or through the United States or interstate.

Section 150cc, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §104, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 32; Pub. L. 100–449, title III, §301(f)(2), Sept. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 1869; Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, §431(c)(2), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4967, prohibited mailing of plant pests.

Section 150dd, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §105, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 32; Pub. L. 97–98, title XI, §1119(1), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1272, authorized emergency measures to prevent dissemination of plant pests.

Section 150ee, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §106, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 33, authorized promulgation of regulations requiring inspection of products and articles.

Section 150ff, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §107, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 34; Pub. L. 90–578, title IV, §402(b)(2), Oct. 17, 1968, 82 Stat. 1118; Pub. L. 97–98, title XI, §1119(2), Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1273; Pub. L. 101–650, title III, §321, Dec. 1, 1990, 104 Stat. 5117, authorized warrantless stops and inspections and entries with warrants for inspections and seizures.

Section 150gg, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §108, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 34; Pub. L. 97–461, §1(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2523, set forth criminal and civil penalties.

Section 150hh, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §109, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 34, related to separability of provisions.

Section 150ii, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §111, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 34, provided that authority conferred by this chapter was to be in addition to that conferred by other statutes.

Section 150jj, Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §111, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 35, provided that nothing in this chapter was to amend or repeal provisions of the Plant Quarantine Act.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 85–36, title I, §101, May 23, 1957, 71 Stat. 31, provided that title I of Pub. L. 85–36, which enacted this chapter and provisions set out as a note under section 147a of this title, amended section 149 of this title, and repealed sections 141 to 144 and 441 of this title, could be cited as the "Federal Plant Pest Act", prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–224, title IV, §438(a)(2), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454.
7 U.S.C. § 1337 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 35: AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1938 / Subchapter II: LOANS, PARITY PAYMENTS, CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS, MARKETING QUOTAS, AND MARKETING CERTIFICATES / Section 1337: Repealed. Pub. L. 87-703, title III, §317, Sept. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 622
Repealed. Pub. L. 87-703, title III, §317, Sept. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 622
Status: repealed

Section, act Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title III, §337, 52 Stat. 55, related to adjustment and suspension of quotas.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective only with respect to programs applicable to crops planted for harvest in calendar year 1964 or any subsequent year and marketing years beginning in calendar year 1964, or any subsequent year, see section 323 of Pub. L. 87–703, set out as a note under section 1301 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 4915 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 80: WATERMELON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION / Section 4915: Separability
Separability
Status: in_force

If any provision of this chapter or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this chapter and the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 99–198, title XVI, §1656, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1630.)
7 U.S.C. § 5404 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 85: ADMINISTRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS / Section 5404: Good Neighbor Environmental Board
Good Neighbor Environmental Board
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

The President shall establish an advisory board to be known as the Good Neighbor Environmental Board (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Board").

(b) Purpose

The purpose of the Board shall be to advise the President and the Congress on the need for implementation of environmental and infrastructure projects (including projects that affect agriculture, rural development, and human nutrition) within the States of the United States contiguous to Mexico in order to improve the quality of life of persons residing on the United States side of the border.

(c) Membership

The Board shall be composed of—

(1) representatives from the United States Government, including a representative from the Department of Agriculture and representatives from other appropriate agencies;

(2) representatives from the governments of the States of Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas; and

(3) representatives from private organizations, including community development, academic, health, environmental, and other nongovernmental entities with experience and expertise on environmental and infrastructure problems along the southwest border.

(d) Annual reports to President and Congress

(1) In general

The Board shall submit to the President and the Congress of the United States an annual report on—

(A) the environmental and infrastructure projects referred to in subsection (a) that have been implemented, and

(B) the need for the implementation of additional environmental and infrastructure projects.

(2) Transmission of copies to Board members

The Board shall—

(A) transmit to each member of the Board a copy of any report to be submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) at least 14 days before its submission, and

(B) allow each member of the Board to have 14 days within which to prepare and submit supplemental views with respect to the recommendations of the Board for inclusion in such report.

(Pub. L. 102–532, §6, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3513.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative Act of 1992, and not as part of subtitle F (§1471 et seq.) of title XIV of Pub. L. 101–624 which comprises this chapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Advisory Boards

Advisory boards established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a board established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such board is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a board established by Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Executive Documents

Delegation of Authority

Authority of President under this section delegated to Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency by section 10 of Ex. Ord. No. 12916, May 13, 1994, 59 F.R. 25780, set out as a note under section 3473 of Title 19, Customs Duties.
7 U.S.C. § 1765g (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 43: FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter II: UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL TRADE OFFICES / Section 1765g: Availability of reports and dispatches
Availability of reports and dispatches
Status: in_force

The provisions of section 1764(a) of this title shall apply with respect to personnel appointed and assigned under this subchapter.

(Aug. 28, 1954, ch. 1041, title VI, §605G, as added Pub. L. 95–501, title IV, §401(1), Oct. 21, 1978, 92 Stat. 1690.)
7 U.S.C. § 1738e (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 41: FOOD FOR PEACE / Subchapter VI: ENTERPRISE FOR THE AMERICAS INITIATIVE / Section 1738e: Interest of new obligations
Interest of new obligations
Status: in_force

(a) Rate of interest

New obligations issued to an eligible country under section 1738c of this title shall bear interest at a concessional rate.

(b) Currency of payment, deposits

(1) United States dollars

An eligible country to which a new obligation has been issued under section 1738c of this title that has not entered into an agreement under section 1738f of this title, shall be required to pay interest on such obligation in United States dollars which shall be deposited in Commodity Credit Corporation accounts.

(2) Local currency

If an eligible country to which a new obligation has been issued under section 1738c of this title has entered into an agreement under section 1738f of this title, interest under such obligation may be paid in the local currency of the eligible country and deposited into an Environmental Fund as provided for in section 1738g of this title. Such interest shall be the property of the eligible country until such time as it is disbursed under section 1738g of this title. Such local currencies shall be used for the purposes specified in the agreement entered into under section 1738f of this title.

(c) Interest previously paid

If an eligible country to which a new obligation has been issued under section 1738c of this title enters into an agreement under section 1738f of this title subsequent to the date on which interest first becomes due on such new obligation, any interest paid on such new obligation prior to such agreement being entered into shall not be redeposited into the Fund established for the eligible country under section 1738g(a) of this title but shall be deposited into Commodity Credit Corporation accounts.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title VI, §606, as added Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3659; amended Pub. L. 102–237, title III, §304, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1855.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1991—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–237 inserted "accounts" after "Corporation".
7 U.S.C. § 2266a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2266a: Century Farms program
Century Farms program
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall establish a program under which the Secretary recognizes any farm that—

(1) a State department of agriculture or similar statewide agricultural organization recognizes as a Century Farm; or

(2)(A) is defined as a farm or ranch under section 4284.902 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on December 20, 2018);

(B) has been in continuous operation for at least 100 years; and

(C) has been owned by the same family for at least 100 consecutive years, as verified through deeds, wills, abstracts, tax statements, or other similar legal documents considered appropriate by the Secretary.

(Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, §12508, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4990.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition of "Secretary"

"Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 2 of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as a note under section 9001 of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 2231a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 55: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / Section 2231a: Reimbursement of employees for costs of State licenses and certification fees
Reimbursement of employees for costs of State licenses and certification fees
Status: in_force

On and after October 28, 1991, notwithstanding any other provision of law, any appropriations or funds available to the agencies of the Department of Agriculture may be used to reimburse employees for the cost of State licenses and certification fees pursuant to their Department of Agriculture position and that are necessary to comply with State laws, regulations, and requirements.

(Pub. L. 102–142, title VII, §738, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 915.)
7 U.S.C. § 2008j (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter IV: ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS / Section 2008j: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Section, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, §375, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, §759, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1132; amended Pub. L. 106–78, title VIII, §816, Oct. 22, 1999, 113 Stat. 1182; Pub. L. 106–387, §1(a) [title VII, §756], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–43; Pub. L. 107–76, title VII, §731, Nov. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 736; Pub. L. 108–7, div. A, title VII, §728, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 42; Pub. L. 108–199, div. A, title VII, §726, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 35; Pub. L. 108–447, div. A, title VII, §725, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 2842; Pub. L. 110–234, title XI, §11009(a), (b)(1), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1359; Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XI, §11009(a), (b)(1), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2120, 2121; Pub. L. 113–79, title XII, §12102(b)(1), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 979, was renumbered section 210 of act Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 966, by Pub. L. 113–79, title XII, §12102(b)(2), (3), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 979, and transferred to section 1627b of this title.
7 U.S.C. § 584 (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 25: EXPORT STANDARDS FOR APPLES / Section 584: Exemptions
Exemptions
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Apples in less than carload lots as defined by the Secretary may, in his discretion, be shipped to any foreign country without complying with the provisions of this chapter.

(b) Bulk containers

Apples may be shipped to Canada in bulk containers without complying with the provisions of this chapter.

(June 10, 1933, ch. 59, §4, 48 Stat. 124; Pub. L. 106–96, §1(c)(2), Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1321; Pub. L. 113–79, title X, §10009(a), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 949.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014—Pub. L. 113–79 inserted section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).

1999—Pub. L. 106–96 struck out "or pears" after "Apples".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Regulations

Pub. L. 113–79, title X, §10009(c), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 949, provided that: "Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Feb. 7, 2014], the Secretary [of Agriculture] shall issue regulations to carry out the amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 589 of this title]."
7 U.S.C. § 1927a (2024) — Title 7: AGRICULTURE / Chapter 50: AGRICULTURAL CREDIT / Subchapter I: REAL ESTATE LOANS / Section 1927a: Loan interest rates charged by Farmers Home Administration; grant funds associated with loans
Loan interest rates charged by Farmers Home Administration; grant funds associated with loans
Status: in_force

Effective October 1, 1981, and thereafter, in the case of water and waste disposal and community facility borrowers, and effective November 12, 1983, and thereafter, in the case of housing and farm borrowers, upon request of the borrower, the interest rate charged by the Farmers Home Administration to such borrowers shall be the lower of the rates in effect at either the time of loan approval or loan closing and any Farmers Home Administration grant funds associated with such loans shall be set in amount based on the interest rate in effect at the time of loan approval.

(Pub. L. 99–88, title I, §100, Aug. 15, 1985, 99 Stat. 296; Pub. L. 100–233, title VI, §615(b)(1)(A), Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1681.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1985, and not as part of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–233 substituted "Effective October 1, 1981, and thereafter, in the case of water and waste disposal and community facility borrowers, and effective November 12, 1983, and thereafter, in the case of housing and farm borrowers" for "Effective November 12, 1983, and thereafter" and "to such borrowers" for "to housing, farm, water and waste disposal, and community facility borrowers".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Applicability of 1988 Amendment

Pub. L. 100–233, title VI, §615(b)(1)(B), Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1682, provided that: "The amendment made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall not apply to any note or other obligation sold under section 1001 of the Omnibus [Budget] Reconciliation Act of 1986 [Pub. L. 99–509, 7 U.S.C. 1929a note] on or before the date of the enactment of this paragraph [Jan. 6, 1988]."