20 U.S.C. § 3447 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 48: DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION / Subchapter III: TRANSFERS OF AGENCIES AND FUNCTIONS / Section 3447: Effect of transfers
Effect of transfers
Status: in_force

The transfer of a function or office from an officer or agency to the Secretary or to the Department includes any aspects of such function or office vested in a subordinate of such officer or in a component of such agency.

(Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §306, formerly §307, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 681; renumbered §306, Pub. L. 103–382, title II, §271(a)(2), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3929.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 306 of Pub. L. 96–88 was renumbered section 305 and is classified to section 3446 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 3609 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 49: ASBESTOS SCHOOL HAZARD DETECTION AND CONTROL / Section 3609: Retained rights
Retained rights
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided in section 3607 of this title, nothing in this chapter shall—

(1) affect the right of any party to seek legal redress in connection with the purchase or installation of asbestos materials in schools or any claim of disability or death related to exposure to asbestos in a school setting; or

(2) affect the rights of any party under any other law.

(Pub. L. 96–270, §10, June 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 496.)
20 U.S.C. § 1095 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1095: Transfer of allotments
Transfer of allotments
Status: in_force

In order to offer an arrangement of types of aid, including institutional and State aid which best fits the needs of each individual student, an institution may (1) transfer a total of 25 percent of the institutions 1 allotment under section 1087bb of this title to the institution's allotment under section 1070b–3 or 1087–52 of this title (or both); (2) transfer 25 percent of the institution's allotment under section 1087–52 of this title to the institution's allotment under section 1070b–3 or 1087bb of this title (or both); and (3) transfer 25 percent of the institution's allotment under section 1070b–3 of this title to the institution's allotment under section 1087–52 of this title. Funds transferred to an institution's allotment under another section may be used as a part of and for the same purposes as funds allotted under that section. The Secretary shall have no control over such transfer, except as specifically authorized, except for the collection and dissemination of information.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §488, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IV, §407(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1490; amended Pub. L. 100–50, §15(14), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 357; Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, §492, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 630; Pub. L. 110–315, title IV, §494A, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3319.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1095, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §488, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title IV, §451(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1452, related to transfer of allotments, prior to the general revision of this part by Pub. L. 99–498.

Amendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–315 struck out "and" after semicolon in par. (1), substituted "section 1070b–3 or 1087bb of this title (or both); and" for "section 1070b–3 of this title." in par. (2), and added par. (3).

1992—Pub. L. 102–325 inserted first two sentences and struck out former first sentence which read as follows: "Up to 10 percent of the allotment of an eligible institution for a fiscal year under section 1070b–3 or 1087–52 of this title, may be transferred to, and used for the purposes of, the institution's allotment under the other section within the discretion of such institution in order to offer an arrangement of types of aid, including institutional and State aid, which best fits the needs of each individual student."

1987—Pub. L. 100–50 substituted "or 1087–52" for "or 1087–56".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–325 to this section, relating to transfers of allotments, applicable with respect to funds provided for award years beginning on or after July 1, 1993, see section 498 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1088 of this title.

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "institution's".
20 U.S.C. § 1083a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1083a: Consumer education information
Consumer education information
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Each guaranty agency participating in a program under this part, working with the institutions of higher education served by such guaranty agency, shall develop and make available high-quality educational programs and materials to provide training for students and families in budgeting and financial management, including debt management and other aspects of financial literacy, such as the cost of using high interest loans to pay for postsecondary education, particularly as budgeting and financial management relates to student loan programs authorized by this subchapter. Such programs and materials shall be in formats that are simple and understandable to students and families, and shall be provided before, during, and after the students' enrollment in an institution of higher education. The activities described in this section shall be considered default reduction activities for the purposes of section 1072 of this title.

(b) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit—

(1) a guaranty agency from using existing activities, programs, and materials in meeting the requirements of this section;

(2) a guaranty agency from providing programs or materials similar to the programs or materials described in subsection (a) to an institution of higher education that provides loans exclusively through part D; or

(3) a lender or loan servicer from providing outreach or financial aid literacy information in accordance with subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §433A, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title IV, §435, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3252.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1083a, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §433A, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title IV, §418, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1423; amended Pub. L. 97–301, §13(a), Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1404; Pub. L. 98–79, §3(a), Aug. 15, 1983, 97 Stat. 476; Pub. L. 99–272, title XVI, §16012(c), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 340, related to student loan information to be provided by eligible lenders, prior to the general revision of this part by Pub. L. 99–498. See section 1083 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 3607 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 49: ASBESTOS SCHOOL HAZARD DETECTION AND CONTROL / Section 3607: Recovery of costs by United States
Recovery of costs by United States
Status: in_force

(a) Suit by United States on behalf of grant or loan recipient for recovery of costs of activities of recipient; proceeds of judgment

(1) As a condition of the award of any grant under section 3604 of this title or loan under section 3605 of this title, the recipient of any such grant or loan shall permit the United States to sue on behalf of such recipient any person determined by the Attorney General to be liable to the recipient for the costs of any activities undertaken by the recipient under such sections.

(2) The proceeds from any judgment recovered in any suit brought by the United States under paragraph (1) (or, if the recipient files a similar suit on its own behalf, the proceeds from any judgment recovered by the recipient in such suit) shall be used to repay to the United States, to the extent that the proceeds are sufficient to provide for such repayment, an amount equal to the sum of—

(A) the amount of any grant made to the recipient under section 3604 of this title;

(B) the amount outstanding on any loan made to the recipient under section 3605 of this title; and

(C) an amount equal to the interest which would have been charged on such loan were the loan made by a commercial lender at prevailing interest rates (as determined by the Secretary).

(b) Investigation and report by Attorney General respecting feasibility of recovery of costs from any person determined by Attorney General to be liable

The Attorney General shall conduct an investigation to determine whether, by using all available means, the United States should or could recover, from any person determined by the Attorney General to be liable for such costs, the amounts expended by the United States to carry out this chapter. Within one year after June 14, 1980, the Attorney General shall submit to the Congress a report containing the results of the study, together with any appropriate recommendations.

(c) Expeditious proceedings by Attorney General

If the Attorney General determines in the report under subsection (b) that the United States should seek to recover the amounts expended by the United States to carry out this chapter, the Attorney General shall proceed in an expeditious manner to recover such amounts from the persons referred to in subsection (b).

(Pub. L. 96–270, §8, June 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 495.)
20 U.S.C. § 4704 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 59: BARRY GOLDWATER SCHOLARSHIP AND EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION PROGRAM / Section 4704: Barry Goldwater scholarship and excellence in education awards
Barry Goldwater scholarship and excellence in education awards
Status: in_force

(a) Award of scholarships, fellowships, and research internships

(1) The Foundation may award scholarships, fellowships, and research internships to eligible persons for study in the fields of the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics. Such scholarships, fellowships, and research internships shall be awarded to persons as provided in this chapter who meet the minimum criteria established by the Foundation.

(2) Scholarships shall be awarded to outstanding undergraduate students who intend to pursue careers in the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics, which shall be prioritized for students attending community colleges and minority-serving institutions specified in section 1067q(a) of this title.

(3) Fellowships shall be awarded to outstanding graduate students who intend to pursue advanced degrees in the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics.

(4) Research internships shall be awarded to outstanding undergraduate students who intend to pursue careers in the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics, which shall be prioritized for students attending community colleges and minority-serving institutions specified in section 1067q(a) of this title.

(5) The Foundation may provide, directly or by contract, for the conduct of nationwide competition for the purpose of selecting recipients of scholarships, fellowships, and research internships awarded under this chapter.

(b) Barry Goldwater Scholars and Research Interns

Recipients of scholarships and fellowships under this chapter shall be known as "Barry Goldwater Scholars". Recipients of research internships under this chapter shall be known as "Barry Goldwater Interns".

(c) Award of honoraria to volunteers

(1) The Foundation may award honoraria to outstanding educators, teachers, and persons who have volunteered to assist in secondary schools who have made significant contributions to improve the quality of instruction in mathematics and sciences in the secondary school. To the extent the Board determines such action practicable, honoraria awarded under this subsection shall be awarded annually to persons described in the preceding sentence as follows:

(A) To two persons selected at large from each State.

(B) To one person selected from each county in each State.

(C) To persons affiliated with secondary schools on military reservations.

(D) To persons affiliated with the dependent overseas school system.

(2) The Board shall establish a schedule of honoraria to be awarded under paragraph (1).

(Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title XIV, §1405, Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 4009; Pub. L. 117–81, div. F, title LXIII, §6303, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2393.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(a)(1), substituted "Award of scholarships, fellowships, and research internships" for "Award of scholarships and fellowships" in heading.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(a)(2)(B), substituted "the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics" for "science and mathematics".

Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(a)(2)(A), which directed substitution of "scholarships, fellowships, and research internships" for "scholarships and fellowships", was executed by making the substitution in two places, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(a)(3), substituted "the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics, which shall be prioritized for students attending community colleges and minority-serving institutions specified in section 1067q(a) of this title" for "mathematics and the natural sciences".

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(a)(4), substituted "the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics" for "mathematics and the natural sciences".

Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(a)(5)–(7), added par. (4), redesignated former par. (4) as (5), and in par. (5) substituted "scholarships, fellowships, and research internships" for "scholarships and fellowships".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–81, §6303(b), inserted "and Research Interns" after "Scholars" in heading, and inserted "Recipients of research internships under this chapter shall be known as 'Barry Goldwater Interns'." at end.
20 U.S.C. § 1064 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: INSTITUTIONAL AID / Section 1064: Repealed. Pub. L. 102-325, title III, §304(a)(2), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 476
Repealed. Pub. L. 102-325, title III, §304(a)(2), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 476
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, §331, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, §301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1298, related to establishment of challenge grant program.

A prior section 1064, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, §331, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, §301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1395; amended Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §516(c)(2), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 447, established a challenge grant program, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.

Another prior section 1064, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §404, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1233, related to time and manner of making application for grant, selection of recipients and conditions precedent to award, prior to the general revision of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, §131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 3424 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 48: DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION / Subchapter II: ESTABLISHMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT / Section 3424: Federal Interagency Committee on Education
Federal Interagency Committee on Education
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment and function

There is established a Federal Interagency Committee on Education (hereafter referred to in this section as the "Committee"). The Committee shall assist the Secretary in providing a mechanism to assure that the procedures and actions of the Department and other Federal departments and agencies are fully coordinated.

(b) Coordination of Federal programs, policies and practices

The Committee shall study and make recommendations for assuring effective coordination of Federal programs, policies, and administrative practices affecting education, including—

(1) consistent administration and development of policies and practices among Federal agencies in the conduct of related programs;

(2) full and effective communication among Federal agencies to avoid unnecessary duplication of activities and repetitive collection of data;

(3) full and effective cooperation with the Secretary on such studies and analyses as are necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter;

(4) coordination of related programs to assure that recipients of Federal assistance are efficiently and responsively served; and

(5) full and effective involvement and participation of students and parents in Federal education programs.

(c) Membership

The Committee shall be composed of the Secretary, who shall chair the Committee, and senior policy making officials from those Federal agencies, commissions, and boards that the President may find appropriate.

(d) Designation of additional persons to attend meetings

The Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and the Executive Director of the Domestic Policy Staff may each designate a staff member to attend meetings of the Committee.

(e) Federal vocational education and training programs study; report

The Committee shall conduct a study concerning the progress, effectiveness, and accomplishments of Federal vocational education and training programs, and the need for improved coordination between all federally funded vocational education and training programs. The Committee shall report the findings of such study to the Secretary and the Congress within two years of October 17, 1979.

(f) Required meetings; establishment of subcommittees

The Committee shall meet at least twice each year. The Secretary may establish subcommittees of the Committee to facilitate coordination in important areas of Federal activity.

(g) Support assistance

The Secretary and the head of each agency represented on the Committee under subsection (c) shall furnish necessary assistance to the Committee.

(Pub. L. 96–88, title II, §217, formerly §214, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 676; renumbered §215, Pub. L. 101–392, title VI, §602(a)(2), Sept. 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 840; renumbered §217, Pub. L. 103–382, title III, §372(1), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3977.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Advisory Committees

Advisory committees established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a committee established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. See section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
20 U.S.C. § 221a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 12: FOREIGN AND EXCHANGE STUDENTS / Section 221a: Instructions of citizens from American republics; United States Military Academy; restrictions; saving provision
Instructions of citizens from American republics; United States Military Academy; restrictions; saving provision
Status: in_force

After June 26, 1946, no person shall have authority to permit citizens of the American Republics to receive instruction at the United States Military Academy under the provisions of section 221 of this title. Any person who is receiving instruction at the United States Military Academy on June 26, 1946, under authority of section 221 of this title, may, in the discretion of the President, be permitted to continue to receive such instruction and, if so permitted, shall thereafter be deemed to be receiving instruction under the provisions of section 347 of title 10.

(June 26, 1946, ch. 493, §2, 60 Stat. 312.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Words "section 347 of title 10" substituted in text for "sections 4344 and 9344 of title 10" in view of repeal of sections 4344 and 9344 of title 10 by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, §1248(b)(1), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2525 and enactment of section 347 of title 10 by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, §1248(a), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2522. Words "sections 4344 and 9344 of title 10" substituted in text for "section 1 of this Act", meaning section 1 of act June 27, 1946, ch. 493, 60 Stat. 311, on authority of act Aug. 10, 1956, §49(b), ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 640, the first section of which enacted Title 10, Armed Forces.
20 U.S.C. § 7345b (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter V: FLEXIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY / Section 7345b: Repealed. Pub. L. 114-95, title V, §5003(3), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2043
Repealed. Pub. L. 114-95, title V, §5003(3), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2043
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §5213, formerly title VI, §6213, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, §601, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1893; renumbered title V, §5213, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, §5001(a)(3), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2039, 2040, related to accountability for educational agencies receiving funds.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1161aa (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IX: ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS / Section 1161aa: Masters degree programs
Masters degree programs
Status: in_force

In addition to any amounts appropriated under section 1136c of this title, there are authorized to be appropriated, and there are appropriated, out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $11,500,000 for fiscal year 2009 and for each of the five succeeding fiscal years to carry out subpart 4 of part A of subchapter VII in order to provide grants under sections 1136a and 1136b of this title, in the minimum amount authorized under such sections, to all institutions eligible for grants under such sections.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title VIII, §897, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title VIII, §801, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3446.)
20 U.S.C. § 7907 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VIII: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 7907: Prohibitions on Federal Government and use of Federal funds
Prohibitions on Federal Government and use of Federal funds
Status: in_force

(a) General prohibition

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize an officer or employee of the Federal Government, including through a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement, to mandate, direct, or control a State, local educational agency, or school's curriculum, program of instruction, or allocation of State or local resources, or mandate a State or any subdivision thereof to spend any funds or incur any costs not paid for under this chapter.

(b) Prohibition on endorsement of curriculum

Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal law, no funds provided to the Department under this chapter may be used by the Department, whether through a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement, to endorse, approve, develop, require, or sanction any curriculum, including any curriculum aligned to the Common Core State Standards developed under the Common Core State Standards Initiative or any other academic standards common to a significant number of States, designed to be used in an elementary school or secondary school.

(c) Local control

Nothing in this section shall be construed to—

(1) authorize an officer or employee of the Federal Government, whether through a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement to mandate, direct, review, or control a State, local educational agency, or school's instructional content, curriculum, and related activities;

(2) limit the application of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1221 et seq.);

(3) require the distribution of scientifically or medically false or inaccurate materials or to prohibit the distribution of scientifically or medically true or accurate materials; or

(4) create any legally enforceable right.

(d) Prohibition on requiring Federal approval or certification of standards

(1) In general

Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal law, no State shall be required to have academic standards approved or certified by the Federal Government, in order to receive assistance under this chapter.

(2) Rule of construction

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit a State, local educational agency, or school from using funds provided under this chapter for the development or implementation of any instructional content, academic standards, academic assessments, curriculum, or program of instruction that a State, local educational agency, or school chooses, as permitted under State and local law, as long as the use of such funds is consistent with the terms of the grant, contract, or cooperative agreement providing such funds.

(3) Building standards

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to mandate national school building standards for a State, local educational agency, or school.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, §8527, formerly title IX, §9527, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, §901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1983; renumbered title VIII, §8527, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§8001(a)(6), 8024, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089, 2113.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The General Education Provisions Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is title IV of Pub. L. 90–247, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 814, which is classified generally to chapter 31 (§1221 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1221 of this title and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7907, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, §9207, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3801, related to Native Hawaiian gifted and talented program, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter IX of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

Amendments

2015—Pub. L. 114–95, §8024, amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section consisted of subsecs. (a) to (d) relating to prohibitions on Federal Government and use of Federal funds.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 975 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 26A: INDEMNITY FOR EXHIBITIONS OF ARTS AND ARTIFACTS / Section 975: Claims for losses
Claims for losses
Status: in_force

(a) Regulations for prompt adjustment

The Council shall prescribe regulations providing for prompt adjustment of valid claims for losses which are covered by an agreement made pursuant to section 974 of this title, including provision for arbitration of issues relating to the dollar value of damages involving less than total loss or destruction of such covered objects.

(b) Certification

In the case of a claim of loss with respect to an item which is covered by an agreement made pursuant to section 974 of this title, the Council shall certify the validity of the claim and the amount of the loss to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate.

(Pub. L. 94–158, §6, Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 845.)
20 U.S.C. § 1015c (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 1015c: Database of student information prohibited
Database of student information prohibited
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition

Except as described in subsection (b), nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize the development, implementation, or maintenance of a Federal database of personally identifiable information on individuals receiving assistance under this chapter, attending institutions receiving assistance under this chapter, or otherwise involved in any studies or other collections of data under this chapter, including a student unit record system, an education bar code system, or any other system that tracks individual students over time.

(b) Exception

The provisions of subsection (a) shall not apply to a system (or a successor system) that—

(1) is necessary for the operation of programs authorized by subchapter II, IV, or VII; and

(2) was in use by the Secretary, directly or through a contractor, as of the day before August 14, 2008.

(c) State databases

Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit a State or a consortium of States from developing, implementing, or maintaining State-developed databases that track individuals over time, including student unit record systems that contain information related to enrollment, attendance, graduation and retention rates, student financial assistance, and graduate employment outcomes.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, §134, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, §113, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3110.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1015c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, §134, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, §101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 466, defined "public broadcasting entity" for purposes of former part C of this subchapter, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

Another prior section 1015c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, §134, as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, §101(g)(3), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2089, related to annual reports by Assistant Secretary and content of these reports, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
20 U.S.C. § 7844 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VIII: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 7844: General applicability of State educational agency assurances
General applicability of State educational agency assurances
Status: in_force

(a) Assurances

A State educational agency, in consultation with the Governor of the State, that submits a consolidated State plan or consolidated State application under this chapter, whether separately or under section 7842 of this title, shall have on file with the Secretary a single set of assurances, applicable to each program for which the plan or application is submitted, that provides that—

(1) each such program will be administered in accordance with all applicable statutes, regulations, program plans, and applications;

(2)(A) the control of funds provided under each such program and title to property acquired with program funds will be in a public agency, a 1 eligible private agency, institution, or organization, or an Indian tribe, if the law authorizing the program provides for assistance to those entities; and

(B) the public agency, eligible private agency, institution, or organization, or Indian tribe will administer those funds and property to the extent required by the authorizing law;

(3) the State will adopt and use proper methods of administering each such program, including—

(A) the enforcement of any obligations imposed by law on agencies, institutions, organizations, and other recipients responsible for carrying out each program;

(B) the correction of deficiencies in program operations that are identified through audits, monitoring, or evaluation; and

(C) the adoption of written procedures for the receipt and resolution of complaints alleging violations of law in the administration of the programs;

(4) the State will cooperate in carrying out any evaluation of each such program conducted by or for the Secretary or other Federal officials;

(5) the State will use such fiscal control and fund accounting procedures as will ensure proper disbursement of, and accounting for, Federal funds paid to the State under each such program;

(6) the State will—

(A) make reports to the Secretary as may be necessary to enable the Secretary to perform the Secretary's duties under each such program; and

(B) maintain such records, provide such information to the Secretary, and afford such access to the records as the Secretary may find necessary to carry out the Secretary's duties; and

(7) before the plan or application was submitted to the Secretary, the State afforded a reasonable opportunity for public comment on the plan or application and considered such comment.

(b) GEPA provision

Section 441 of the General Education Provisions Act [20 U.S.C. 1232d] shall not apply to programs under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, §8304, formerly title IX, §9304, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, §901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1969; renumbered title VIII, §8304, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§8001(a)(3), (b)(3), 8010, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089, 2102.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–95, §8001(b)(3), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in introductory provisions as reference to section 7842 of this title.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, §8010, substituted "eligible" for "nonprofit" in subpars. (A) and (B).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "an".
20 U.S.C. § 1087i (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1087i: Authority to sell loans
Authority to sell loans
Status: in_force

The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, is authorized to sell loans made under this part on such terms as the Secretary determines are in the best interest of the United States, except that any such sale shall not result in any cost to the Federal Government. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the proceeds of any such sale may be used by the Secretary to offer reductions in the interest rate paid by a borrower of a loan made under this part as the Secretary determines appropriate to encourage on-time repayment in accordance with section 1087e(b)(7) of this title. Such reductions may be offered only if the Secretary determines the reductions are in the best financial interests of the Federal Government.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §459, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, §455, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1718.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1087i, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §459, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, §451, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 575, which related to schedule of regulatory activities by Secretary under Federal direct loan demonstration program, was omitted in the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 103–66.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 541 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 17: NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION PROGRAM / Subchapter VII: RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTATION IN MORE EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF TELEVISION, RADIO, MOTION PICTURES, AND RELATED MEDIA FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES / Section 541: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

This subchapter has not been funded since the fiscal year ending in 1968.

Section 541, Pub. L. 85–864, title VII, §701, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1595; Pub. L. 88–210, title II, §207(a), formerly §27(a), Dec. 18, 1963, 77 Stat. 419, renumbered Pub. L. 90–576, title I, §101(a)(1), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1064; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §301(a)(1), title V, §507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677, 692, directed Secretary of Education, in cooperation with Advisory Committee on New Educational Media, to conduct, assist, and foster research and experimentation in development and evaluation of projects involving communication media of possible value to State or local educational agencies.

Section 542, Pub. L. 85–864, title VII, §702, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1595; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §301(a)(1), title V, §507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677, 692, authorized Secretary to make grants-in-aid or contracts for projects of research or experimentation referred to in section 541 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7543 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VI: INDIAN, NATIVE HAWAIIAN, AND ALASKA NATIVE EDUCATION / Section 7543: Purposes
Purposes
Status: in_force

The purposes of this part are as follows:

(1) To recognize and address the unique educational needs of Alaska Natives.

(2) To recognize the role of Alaska Native languages and cultures in the educational success and long-term well-being of Alaska Native students.

(3) To integrate Alaska Native cultures and languages into education, develop Alaska Native students' positive identity, and support local place-based and culture-based curriculum and programming.

(4) To authorize the development, management, and expansion of effective supplemental educational programs to benefit Alaska Natives.

(5) To provide direction and guidance to appropriate Federal, State and local agencies to focus resources, including resources made available under this part, on meeting the educational needs of Alaska Natives.

(6) To ensure the maximum participation by Alaska Native educators and leaders in the planning, development, implementation, management, and evaluation of programs designed to serve Alaska Native students.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, §6303, formerly title VII, §7303, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, §701, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1943; renumbered title VI, §6303, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VI, §§6001(a), (b)(1), 6004(b), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2046, 2068.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7543, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, §7303, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3739, related to withholding, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter VII of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

A prior section 6303 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 7353 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter VI of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

Amendments

2015—Par. (1). Pub. L. 114–95, §6004(b)(1), inserted "and address" after "To recognize".

Pars. (2) to (5). Pub. L. 114–95, §6004(b)(2)–(5), added pars. (2) and (3), redesignated former pars. (2) and (4) as (4) and (5), respectively, substituted ", management, and expansion of effective supplemental educational programs to benefit Alaska Natives." for "of supplemental educational programs to benefit Alaska Natives." in par. (4), and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: "To supplement existing programs and authorities in the area of education to further the purposes of this part."

Par. (6). Pub. L. 114–95, §6004(b)(6), added par. (6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 61 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter I: CHARTER PROVISIONS / Section 61: Repealed. Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 654, §1(37)-(40), 65 Stat. 702
Repealed. Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 654, §1(37)-(40), 65 Stat. 702
Status: repealed

Section 61, act Mar. 3, 1879, ch. 182, §1, 20 Stat. 397, required archives, records and materials relating to Indians of North America to be turned over from Geographical and Geological Survey to Smithsonian Institution for purposes of completion of collection of information and its publication.

Section 62, act Aug. 1, 1914, ch. 223, §1, 38 Stat. 661, authorized Secretary of Commerce to transfer instruments of historical value of the Coast and Geodetic Survey [the National Ocean Survey] to Smithsonian Institution.

Section 63, act June 5, 1920, ch. 235, §1, 41 Stat. 930, related to transfer, by Secretary of Commerce, of Coast and Geodetic Survey [the National Ocean Survey] instruments of historical value, to educational institutions and museums.

Section 64, act Mar. 3, 1883, ch. 143, 22 Stat. 629, related to distribution of specimens of National Museum and Bureau of Fisheries to schools and colleges.
20 U.S.C. § 4621 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 58: DRUG-FREE SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES / Subchapter II: STATE AND LOCAL PROGRAMS / Section 4621: Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title I, §1003(e), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293
Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title I, §1003(e), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293
Status: repealed

Section 4621, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4121, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–127, related to use of allotments by States.

Section 4622, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4122, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–127, related to State programs.

Section 4623, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4123, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–128, related to State applications.

Section 4624, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4124, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–128; Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6091(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1499, related to responsibilities of State educational agencies.

Section 4625, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4125, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–129, related to local drug abuse education and prevention programs.

Section 4626, Pub. L. 99–570, title IV, §4126, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–130, related to local applications.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1988, see section 6303 of Pub. L. 100–297, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 1071 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 8281 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter X: PROGRAMS OF NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE / Section 8281: Repealed. Pub. L. 107-110, title X, §1011(5)(A), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1986
Repealed. Pub. L. 107-110, title X, §1011(5)(A), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1986
Status: repealed

Section 8281, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10961, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3848, set forth findings.

Section 8282, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10962, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3849, set forth purpose of subpart.

Section 8283, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10963, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3849, authorized urban school grants.

Section 8284, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10964, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3852, set forth special rules.
20 U.S.C. § 9517 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 76: EDUCATION RESEARCH, STATISTICS, EVALUATION, INFORMATION, AND DISSEMINATION / Subchapter I: EDUCATION SCIENCES REFORM / Section 9517: Commissioners of the National Education Centers
Commissioners of the National Education Centers
Status: in_force

(a) Appointment of Commissioners

(1) In general

Except as provided in subsection (b), each of the National Education Centers shall be headed by a Commissioner appointed by the Director. In appointing Commissioners, the Director shall seek to promote continuity in leadership of the National Education Centers and shall consider individuals recommended by the Board. The Director may appoint a Commissioner to carry out the functions of a National Education Center without regard to the provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.

(2) Pay and qualifications

Except as provided in subsection (b), each Commissioner shall—

(A) receive the rate of basic pay for level IV of the Executive Schedule; and

(B) be highly qualified in the field of education research or evaluation.

(3) Service

Except as provided in subsection (b), each Commissioner shall report to the Director. A Commissioner shall serve for a period of not more than 6 years, except that a Commissioner—

(A) may be reappointed by the Director; and

(B) may serve after the expiration of that Commissioner's term, until a successor has been appointed, for a period not to exceed 1 additional year.

(b) Appointment of Commissioner for Education Statistics

The National Center for Education Statistics shall be headed by a Commissioner for Education Statistics who shall be appointed by the President and who shall—

(1) have substantial knowledge of programs assisted by the National Center for Education Statistics;

(2) receive the rate of basic pay for level IV of the Executive Schedule; and

(3) serve for a term of 6 years, with the term to expire every sixth June 21, beginning in 2003.

(c) Coordination

Each Commissioner of a National Education Center shall coordinate with each of the other Commissioners of the National Education Centers in carrying out such Commissioner's duties under this subchapter.

(d) Supervision and approval

Each Commissioner, except the Commissioner for Education Statistics, shall carry out such Commissioner's duties under this subchapter under the supervision and subject to the approval of the Director.

(Pub. L. 107–279, title I, §117, Nov. 5, 2002, 116 Stat. 1952; Pub. L. 112–166, §2(d)(2), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1284.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Level IV of the Executive Schedule, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A) and (b)(2), is set out in section 5315 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Amendments

2012—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–166 struck out ", by and with the advice and consent of the Senate," after "President" in introductory provisions.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2012 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 112–166 effective 60 days after Aug. 10, 2012, and applicable to appointments made on and after that effective date, including any nomination pending in the Senate on that date, see section 6(a) of Pub. L. 112–166, set out as a note under section 113 of Title 6, Domestic Security.
20 U.S.C. § 901 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 25: PAY AND PERSONNEL PROGRAM FOR OVERSEAS TEACHERS / Section 901: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this chapter, the term—

(1) "teaching position" means those duties and responsibilities which—

(A) are performed on a school-year basis principally in a school operated by the Department of Defense in an overseas area for dependents of members of the Armed Forces and dependents of civilian employees of the Department of Defense, or are performed by an individual who carried out certain teaching activities identified in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense; and

(B) involve—

(i) classroom or other instruction or the supervision or direction of classroom or other instruction; or

(ii) any activity (other than teaching) which requires academic credits in educational theory and practice equal to the academic credits in educational theory and practice required for a bachelor's degree in education from an accredited institution of higher education; or

(iii) any activity in or related to the field of education notwithstanding that academic credits in educational theory and practice are not a formal requirement for the conduct of such activity.

(2) "teacher" means an individual—

(A) who is a citizen of the United States or, in the case of a teaching position that involves instruction in the host-nation language, a local national when a citizen of the United States is not reasonably available to provide such instruction,

(B) who is a civilian, and

(C) who is employed in a teaching position described in paragraph (1).

(3) "overseas area" means any area situated outside the United States.

(4) "United States", when used in a geographical sense, means the several States of the United States of America, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Canal Zone, and the possessions of the United States (excluding the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and Midway Islands).

(Pub. L. 86–91, §2, July 17, 1959, 73 Stat. 213; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XVI, §1606(a), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2736; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title X, §1073(c)(9)(A), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title V, §564, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3384.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

For definition of Canal Zone, referred to in par. (4), see section 3602(b) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 2351 of Title 5 prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, §1, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.

Amendments

2014—Par. (2)(A). Pub. L. 113–291 inserted "or, in the case of a teaching position that involves instruction in the host-nation language, a local national when a citizen of the United States is not reasonably available to provide such instruction" before comma at end.

1997—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 105–85 made technical corrections to Pub. L. 104–201, §1606(a)(1). See 1996 Amendment note below.

1996—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 104–201, §1606(a)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 105–85, inserted "or are performed by an individual who carried out certain teaching activities identified in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense;" after "Defense,".

Par. (2)(C). Pub. L. 104–201, §1606(a)(2), added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: "whose services are required on a school-year basis in a teaching position."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title X, §1073(c), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1904, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective as of Sept. 23, 1996, and as if included in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997, Pub. L. 104–201, as enacted.

Short Title

Pub. L. 86–91, §1, July 17, 1959, 73 Stat. 213, provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter and provisions now contained in section 5102(c)(22) of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees] may be cited as the 'Defense Department Overseas Teachers Pay and Personnel Practices Act'."

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
20 U.S.C. § 2412 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 44: CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION / Subchapter II: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 2412: Prohibition on use of funds to induce out-of-State relocation of businesses
Prohibition on use of funds to induce out-of-State relocation of businesses
Status: in_force

No funds provided under this chapter shall be used for the purpose of directly providing incentives or inducements to an employer to relocate a business enterprise from one State to another State if such relocation will result in a reduction in the number of jobs available in the State where the business enterprise is located before such incentives or inducements are offered.

(Pub. L. 88–210, title II, §222, formerly title III, §322, as added Pub. L. 109–270, §1(b), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 745; renumbered title II, §222, Pub. L. 115–224, title II, §201(a)(5), (7), July 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 1621.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2412, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, §322, as added Pub. L. 105–332, §1(b), Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3124, prohibited use of funds to induce out-of-State relocation of businesses, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 109–270.

Another prior section 2412, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, §412, as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, §406(a), Sept. 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 812, authorized grants for development, production, and distribution of instructional telecommunications materials and services, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 105–332.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–224 effective July 1, 2019, see section 4 of Pub. L. 115–224, set out as a note under section 2301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 4504 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 57: JAMES MADISON MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM / Section 4504: Period for award
Period for award
Status: in_force

Junior fellowships shall be granted for such periods as the Foundation may prescribe but not to exceed two academic years. Senior fellowship shall be granted for such periods as the Foundation may prescribe, but not to exceed five calendar years.

(Pub. L. 99–500, §101(b) [title VIII, §805], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783–39, 1783–77, and Pub. L. 99–591, §101(b) [title VIII, §805], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341–39, 3341–77.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Pub. L. 99–591 is a corrected version of Pub. L. 99–500.
20 U.S.C. § 241d (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 13: FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES / Subchapter II: ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN OF LOW-INCOME FAMILIES / Section 241d: Repealed. Pub. L. 95-561, title I, §101(c), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2200
Repealed. Pub. L. 95-561, title I, §101(c), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2200
Status: repealed

Section 241d, act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title II, §126, formerly §121, as added Apr. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §113(b)(6), 84 Stat. 126, renumbered Aug. 21, 1974, Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §101(a)(3), 88 Stat. 495, and amended Oct. 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(b)(1)(B), 90 Stat. 2236, related to maximum entitlement for special incentive grants.

A prior section 241d, act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title I, §104, formerly §204, as added by Pub. L. 89–10, title I, §2, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 30, and renumbered by Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §110, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 787, making provision for special incentive grants to local educational agencies, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §108(a), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1195. Such repeal, pursuant to section 191 of Pub. L. 89–750, was effective with respect to fiscal years beginning after June 30, 1966.

Provisions (for amount and distribution of special incentive grants) similar to those comprising this section, as added by Pub. L. 91–230, were contained in act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title I, §121(a), formerly title II, §221(a), as added and renumbered Jan. 2, 1968, Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §§108(a)(5), 110, 81 Stat. 786, 787 (classified to section 241h–1(a) of this title), prior to repeal thereof by Pub. L. 91–230, §113(b)(6).

Section 241d–1, act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title II, §127, formerly §122, as added Apr. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §113(b)(6), 84 Stat. 126, renumbered Aug. 21, 1974, Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §101(a)(3), 88 Stat. 495, and amended Oct. 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(a)(1), 90 Stat. 2235, related to application made for special incentive grants by States.

Provisions (for application and information therein) similar to those comprising part of this section were contained in act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title I, §121(b), formerly title II, §221(b), as added and renumbered Jan. 2, 1968, Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §§108(a)(5), 110, 81 Stat. 786, 787 (formerly classified to former section 241h–1(b) of this title), prior to repeal thereof by Pub. L. 91–230, §113(b)(6).

Section 241d–2, act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title II, §128, formerly §123, as added Apr. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §113(b)(6), 84 Stat. 127, renumbered Aug. 21, 1974, Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §101(a)(3), 88 Stat. 495, and amended Oct. 12, 1976, Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(a)(1), 90 Stat. 2235, defined "effort index".

Provisions (defining "State effort index" and "national effort index") similar to those comprising this section were contained in act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title I, §121(c), formerly title II, §221(c), as added and renumbered Jan. 2, 1968, Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §§108(a)(5), 110, 81 Stat. 786, 787 (formerly classified to former section 241h–1(c) of this title), prior to repeal thereof by Pub. L. 91–230, §113(b)(6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 1530(a) of Pub. L. 95–561, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 1221e–3 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 333 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 15: STUDIES AND RESEARCH ON PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION / Section 333: Repealed. Pub. L. 91-230, title I, §143(b), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 151
Repealed. Pub. L. 91-230, title I, §143(b), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 151
Status: repealed

Section 333, act July 26, 1954, ch. 577, §1, 68 Stat. 533, provided for establishment of a National Advisory Committee on Education in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

Section 334, act July 26, 1954, ch. 577, §2, 68 Stat. 533, provided for composition of the National Advisory Committee on Education, term of office, and ex officio membership of the Commissioner of Education.

Section 335, act July 26, 1954, ch. 577, §3, 68 Stat. 534, required minimum of three meetings each calendar year.

Section 336, act July 26, 1954, ch. 577, §4, 68 Stat. 534, authorized National Advisory Committee to make recommendations, appoint consultants, and submit an annual report to Congress.

Section 337, act July 26, 1954, ch. 577, §5, 68 Stat. 534, authorized travel expenses and per diem payments but denied compensation to members of the National Advisory Committee.

Sections 333 to 337 were generally superseded by provisions of section 868 of this title providing for a National Council on Quality in Education.
20 U.S.C. § 1092d (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1092d: Scholarship fraud assessment and awareness activities
Scholarship fraud assessment and awareness activities
Status: in_force

(a) Annual report on scholarship fraud

(1) Requirement

The Attorney General and the Secretary of Education, in conjunction with the Federal Trade Commission, shall jointly submit to Congress each year a report on fraud in the offering of financial assistance for purposes of financing an education at an institution of higher education. Each report shall contain an assessment of the nature and quantity of incidents of such fraud during the one-year period ending on the date of such report.

(2) Initial report

The first report under paragraph (1) shall be submitted not later than 18 months after November 1, 2000.

(b) National awareness activities

The Secretary of Education shall, in conjunction with the Federal Trade Commission, maintain a scholarship fraud awareness site on the Internet web site of the Department of Education. The scholarship fraud awareness site may include the following:

(1) Appropriate materials from the Project Scholarscam awareness campaign of the Commission, including examples of common fraudulent schemes.

(2) A list of companies and individuals who have been convicted of scholarship fraud in Federal or State court.

(3) An Internet-based message board to provide a forum for public complaints and experiences with scholarship fraud.

(4) An electronic comment form for individuals who have experienced scholarship fraud or have questions about scholarship fraud, with appropriate mechanisms for the transfer of comments received through such forms to the Department and the Commission.

(5) Internet links to other sources of information on scholarship fraud, including Internet web sites of appropriate nongovernmental organizations, colleges and universities, and government agencies.

(6) An Internet link to the Better Business Bureau in order to assist individuals in assessing the business practices of other persons and entities.

(7) Information on means of communicating with the Federal Student Aid Information Center, including telephone and Internet contact information.

(Pub. L. 106–420, §5, Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1868.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the College Scholarship Fraud Prevention Act of 2000, and not as part of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 which comprises this subchapter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Findings

Pub. L. 106–420, §2, Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1867, provided that: "Congress makes the following findings:

"(1) A substantial amount of fraud occurs in the offering of college education financial assistance services to consumers.

"(2) Such fraud includes the following:

"(A) Misrepresentations regarding the provision of sources from which consumers may obtain financial assistance (including scholarships, grants, loans, tuition, awards, and other assistance) for purposes of financing a college education.

"(B) Misrepresentations regarding the provision of portfolios of such assistance tailored to the needs of specific consumers.

"(C) Misrepresentations regarding the pre-selection of students as eligible to receive such assistance.

"(D) Misrepresentations that such assistance will be provided to consumers who purchase specified services from specified entities.

"(E) Misrepresentations regarding the business relationships between particular entities and entities that award or may award such assistance.

"(F) Misrepresentations regarding refunds of processing fees if consumers are not provided specified amounts of such assistance, and other misrepresentations regarding refunds.

"(3) In 1996, the Federal Trade Commission launched 'Project Scholarscam', a joint law enforcement and consumer education campaign directed at fraudulent purveyors of so-called 'scholarship services'.

"(4) Despite the efforts of the Federal Trade Commission, colleges and universities, and nongovernmental organizations, the continued lack of awareness about scholarship fraud permits a significant amount of fraudulent activity to occur."
20 U.S.C. § 7221a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7221a: Program authorized
Program authorized
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Secretary may carry out a charter school program that supports charter schools that serve early childhood, elementary school, or secondary school students by—

(1) supporting the startup of new charter schools, the replication of high-quality charter schools, and the expansion of high-quality charter schools;

(2) assisting charter schools in accessing credit to acquire and renovate facilities for school use; and

(3) carrying out national activities to support—

(A) the activities described in paragraph (1);

(B) the dissemination of best practices of charter schools for all schools;

(C) the evaluation of the impact of the charter school program under this part on schools participating in such program; and

(D) stronger charter school authorizing practices.

(b) Funding allotment

From the amount made available under section 7221j of this title for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall—

(1) reserve 12.5 percent to support charter school facilities assistance under section 7221c of this title;

(2) reserve 22.5 percent to carry out national activities under section 7221d of this title; and

(3) use the remaining amount after the reservations under paragraphs (1) and (2) to carry out section 7221b of this title.

(c) Prior grants and subgrants

The recipient of a grant or subgrant under part B of title V (as such part was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015) shall continue to receive funds in accordance with the terms and conditions of such grant or subgrant.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4302, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4301(1), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1994.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Part B of title V (as such part was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015), referred to in subsec. (c), means part B of title V of Pub. L. 89–10, which was classified generally to part B (§7221 et seq.) of subchapter V of this chapter prior to being amended by Pub. L. 114–95. Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §§4001(b)(1)(B), (2), 4301, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1967, 1993, repealed subparts 2 (§7223 et seq.) and 3 (§7225 et seq.) of part B of subchapter V, redesignated the remainder of part B as this part, struck out the subpart 1 designation and heading, repealed and amended various sections of this part, and added several new sections. For complete classification of Pub. L. 114–95 to the Code, see Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7221a, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4302, formerly title V, §5202, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, §501, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1788; renumbered title IV, §4302, Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4001(b)(2)(A), (B), (D)(iii), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1967, related to authorization of grant program, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, §5, title IV, §4301(1), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 1993, effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs.

A prior section 4302 of Pub. L. 89–10 was renumbered section 8572, and is classified to section 7972 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1087g (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1087g: Repealed. Pub. L. 111-39, title IV, §404(b)(3), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1946
Repealed. Pub. L. 111-39, title IV, §404(b)(3), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1946
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §457, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, §451, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 572; amended Pub. L. 103–66, title IV, §4021, Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 352, related to regulatory activities associated with implementation of the first year of the direct student loan program authorized by part D, including establishment of closing date for applications not later than Oct. 1, 1993, and publication of list of selected institutions not later than Jan. 1, 1994.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as an Effective Date of 2009 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1865 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 40: CONSOLIDATION OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS / Subchapter III: PREFERENTIAL PROGRAMS / Section 1865: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 93–380, title IV, §406, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 551; Pub. L. 94–273, §2(15), Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 375; Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(a)(6), (7), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2235; Pub. L. 95–207, §13(e), Dec. 13, 1977, 91 Stat. 1472; Pub. L. 95–561, title III, §301(b)(1)(E), (3), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2228, which related to career education and establishment of Office of Career Education and National Advisory Council for Career Education, was transferred to section 2612a of this title and subsequently omitted from the Code.
20 U.S.C. § 1831 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 40: CONSOLIDATION OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS / Subchapter I: LIBRARIES, LEARNING RESOURCES, EDUCATIONAL INNOVATION, AND SUPPORT / Section 1831: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section 1831, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §431, as added Pub. L. 93–380, title IV, §401, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 543; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title V, §501(e)(2), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2237, which authorized a program of educational innovation and support, was omitted in the general revision of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, titles I to IX of Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27, by Pub. L. 95–561, Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2143.

Section 1832, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §432, as added Pub. L. 93–380, title IV, §401, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 544, which provided for the use of cultural and educational resources, was omitted in the general revision of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, titles I to IX of Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27, by Pub. L. 95–561, Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2143.
20 U.S.C. § 1032a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: TEACHER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT / Section 1032a: Uses of funds
Uses of funds
Status: in_force

(a) In general

An eligible consortium that receives a grant or enters into a contract or cooperative agreement under this subpart shall use funds made available under this subpart to carry out a project that—

(1) develops long-term partnerships among members of the consortium that are focused on effective teaching with modern digital tools and content that substantially connect preservice preparation of teacher candidates with high-need schools; or

(2) transforms the way departments, schools, and colleges of education teach classroom technology integration, including the principles of universal design, to teacher candidates.

(b) Uses of funds for partnership grants

In carrying out a project under subsection (a)(1), an eligible consortium shall—

(1) provide teacher candidates, early in their preparation, with field experiences with technology in educational settings;

(2) build the skills of teacher candidates to support technology-rich instruction, assessment and learning management in content areas, technology literacy, an understanding of the principles of universal design, and the development of other skills for entering the workforce;

(3) provide professional development in the use of technology for teachers, administrators, and content specialists who participate in field placement;

(4) provide professional development of technology pedagogical skills for faculty of departments, schools, and colleges of education and arts and sciences;

(5) implement strategies for the mentoring of teacher candidates by members of the consortium with respect to technology implementation;

(6) evaluate teacher candidates during the first years of teaching to fully assess outcomes of the project;

(7) build collaborative learning communities for technology integration within the consortium to sustain meaningful applications of technology in the classroom during teacher preparation and early career practice; and

(8) evaluate the effectiveness of the project.

(c) Uses of funds for transformation grants

In carrying out a project under subsection (a)(2), an eligible consortium shall—

(1) redesign curriculum to require collaboration between the department, school, or college of education faculty and the department, school, or college of arts and sciences faculty who teach content or methods courses for training teacher candidates;

(2) collaborate between the department, school, or college of education faculty and the department, school, or college of arts and science faculty and academic content specialists at the local educational agency to educate preservice teachers who can integrate technology and pedagogical skills in content areas;

(3) collaborate between the department, school, or college of education faculty and the department, school, or college of arts and sciences faculty who teach courses to preservice teachers to—

(A) develop and implement a plan for preservice teachers and continuing educators that demonstrates effective instructional strategies and application of such strategies in the use of digital tools to transform the teaching and learning process; and

(B) better reach underrepresented preservice teacher populations with programs that connect such preservice teacher populations with applications of technology;

(4) collaborate among faculty and students to create and disseminate case studies of technology applications in classroom settings with a goal of improving student academic achievement in high-need schools;

(5) provide additional technology resources for preservice teachers to plan and implement technology applications in classroom settings that provide evidence of student learning; and

(6) bring together expertise from departments, schools, or colleges of education, arts and science faculty, and academic content specialists at the local educational agency to share and disseminate technology applications in the classroom through teacher preparation and into early career practice.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, §232, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, §201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3155.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 232 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1042 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208.

Another prior section 232 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1042 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

Another prior section 232 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1042 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part C of this subchapter by Pub. L. 94–482.
20 U.S.C. § 355a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 16: PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION / Subchapter II: PUBLIC LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGY ENHANCEMENT / Section 355a: title VII, §708(a)
title VII, §708(a)
Status: in_force

Section 355a, act June 19, 1956, ch. 407, title II, §201, as added Feb. 11, 1964, Pub. L. 88–269, §7(a), 78 Stat. 13; amended July 19, 1966, Pub. L. 89–511, §6, 80 Stat. 313; Dec. 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–600, §2(b), 84 Stat. 1668; Oct. 17, 1984, Pub. L. 98–480, title I, §103(b)(1), 98 Stat. 2237; Mar. 15, 1990, Pub. L. 101–254, §16(c)(2), (3), 104 Stat. 106, related to grants to States for public library construction and library and information technology enhancement.

Section 355b, act June 19, 1956, ch. 407, title II, §202, as added Feb. 11, 1964, Pub. L. 88–269, §7(a), 78 Stat. 13; amended July 19, 1966, Pub. L. 89–511, §§7, 12(a), 80 Stat. 313, 318; Dec. 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–600, §2(b), 84 Stat. 1668; Oct. 7, 1977, Pub. L. 95–123, §6, 91 Stat. 1097; Oct. 17, 1984, Pub. L. 98–480, title I, §112(a), (b)(1), 98 Stat. 2241; Mar. 15, 1990, Pub. L. 101–254, §16(c)(3), (4), 104 Stat. 106, related to Federal share of cost of construction and technology enhancement projects carried under State plans and recovery by United States of value of grant.

Section 355c, act June 19, 1956, ch. 407, title II, §203, as added Feb. 11, 1964, Pub. L. 88–269, §7(a), 78 Stat. 13; amended Apr. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, §401(g)(3), 84 Stat. 174; Dec. 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–600, §2(b), 84 Stat. 1668; Oct. 17, 1984, Pub. L. 98–480, title I, §103(b)(1), 98 Stat. 2237; Mar. 15, 1990, Pub. L. 101–254, §§16(c)(3), (5), 17, 104 Stat. 106, required submission of annual program for construction and technology enhancement of public libraries by any State desiring to receive grant from its allotment and specified contents of such program.

A prior section 355d, act June 19, 1956, ch. 407, title II, §204, as added Feb. 11, 1964, Pub. L. 88–269, §7(a), 78 Stat. 14; amended July 19, 1966, Pub. L. 89–511, §§5(b), (8), 80 Stat. 313, related to payment to States of Federal share and determination of amount of such payment, and was omitted in the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 91–600, §2(b), Dec. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1660, effective after June 30, 1971.
20 U.S.C. § 131 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 9: NATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL FOR BOYS / Section 131: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections provided for the National Training School for Boys which was governed and managed by a Board of Trustees until July 1, 1939, at which time 1939 Reorg. Plan No. 2 (4 F.R. 2731, 53 Stat. 1431) abolished the Board of Trustees and transferred the School and its functions (including the functions of the Board of Trustees) to the Department of Justice, to be administered by the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, under the direction and supervision of the Attorney General. The School was so operated until May 15, 1968, when it was closed pursuant to order of the Attorney General.

Section 131, act May 27, 1908, ch. 200, §1, 35 Stat. 380, provided that District reform school for boys should be known as National Training School for Boys.

Section 132, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §1, 19 Stat. 49; May 27, 1908, ch. 200, §1, 35 Stat. 380, dealt with appointment of a board of trustees to govern and manage the school.

Section 133, act June 4, 1880, ch. 121, §1, 21 Stat. 156, provided that one of the District commissioners should be a trustee of the school.

Section 134, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §16, 19 Stat. 52, provided for appointment of two consulting trustees of the school.

Section 135, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §2, 19 Stat. 49; May 27, 1908, ch. 200, §1, 35 Stat. 380, dealt with corporate capacity and powers of the board of trustees.

Section 136, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §15, 19 Stat. 52; June 5, 1900, ch. 715, 31 Stat. 267, authorized board of trustees to make by-laws, rules, and regulations.

Section 137, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §14, 19 Stat. 51, dealt with contracts and purchases, the executive officer, and annual reports.

Section 138, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §3, 19 Stat. 49, dealt with appointment and compensation of a superintendent and other employees of the school.

Section 139, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §4, 19 Stat. 49; June 10, 1921, ch. 18, §304, 42 Stat. 24, dealt with appointment, bonding, and duties of a treasurer of the school.

Section 140, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §5, 19 Stat. 50, dealt with bonding of the superintendent.

Section 141, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §6, 19 Stat. 50, dealt with powers and duties of the superintendent and subordinate employees.

Section 142, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §7, 19 Stat. 50, provided that superintendent be in charge of lands and other property of the school, books of accounts, register of boys, and examination of school and accounts.

Section 143, act Mar. 3, 1881, ch. 134, §1, 21 Stat. 459, dealt with a report of school officers to District commissioners.

Section 144, acts Aug. 6, 1890, ch. 724, §1, 26 Stat. 307; Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1483, 33 Stat. 1211, dealt with disposition of proceeds of the school farm and shops.

Section 145, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §8, 19 Stat. 50; June 5, 1900, ch. 715, 31 Stat. 266, dealt with commitment of boys under age 17 to the school.

Section 146, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §9, 19 Stat. 51; June 5, 1900, ch. 715, 31 Stat. 267, related to period of detention.

Section 147, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §10, 19 Stat. 51, limited number of boys at the school to number that can be properly accommodated.

Section 148, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §11, 19 Stat. 51, dealt with penalties for enticing boy from school or harboring escaped boy, and for arrest and return of escapees.

Section 149, act May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §12, 19 Stat. 51, dealt with employment and instruction of boys, apprenticing, and indentures of apprenticeship.

Section 150, act Feb. 26, 1909, ch. 217, §1, 35 Stat. 657, dealt with release on parole of juvenile offenders committed to the school.

Section 151, act Feb. 26, 1909, ch. 217, §2, 35 Stat. 657, authorized board of trustees to parole boys, subject to approval of Attorney General in certain cases.

Section 152, acts May 3, 1876, ch. 90, §13, 19 Stat. 51; Aug. 1, 1914, ch. 223, §1, 38 Stat. 657; Mar. 28, 1918, ch. 28, §1, 40 Stat. 494, dealt with District support of boys committed, accounts, payment, and rates.
20 U.S.C. § 932 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 25A: OVERSEAS DEFENSE DEPENDENTS' EDUCATION / Section 932: Definitions
Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this chapter:

(1) The term "dependent" means a minor individual—

(A) who has not completed secondary schooling, and

(B) who is the child, stepchild, adopted child, ward, or spouse of a sponsor, or who is a resident in the household of a sponsor who stands in loco parentis to such individual and who receives one-half or more of his support from such sponsor.

(2) The term "sponsor" means a person—

(A) who is—

(i) a member of the Armed Forces serving on active duty, or

(ii) a full-time civilian officer or employee of the Department of Defense and a citizen or national of the United States; and

(B) who is authorized to transport dependents to or from an overseas area at Government expense and is provided an allowance for living quarters in that area.

(3) The term "overseas area" means any area situated outside the United States.

(4) The term "United States", when used in a geographical sense, means the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the possessions of the United States (excluding the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and Midway Island).

(5) The term "involuntarily separated" has the meaning given that term in section 1141 of title 10.

(6) The term "Director" means the Director of the Department of Defense Education Activity.

(Pub. L. 95–561, title XIV, §1414, Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2372; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title III, §325(a), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1415; Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title V, §504(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1559; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title III, §354(7), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 574.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1999—Par. (6). Pub. L. 106–65 added par. (6).

1990—Par. (5). Pub. L. 101–510 added par. (5).

1989—Par. (2). Pub. L. 101–189 amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: "The term 'sponsor' means—

"(A) a member of the Armed Forces serving on active duty, or

"(B) a civilian officer or employee of the Department of Defense paid from appropriated funds."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–189 applicable with respect to periods of enrollment in schools of the defense dependents' education system beginning after Sept. 30, 1989, see section 325(c) of Pub. L. 101–189, set out as a note under section 923 of this title.

Executive Documents

Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
20 U.S.C. § 842 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 24: GRANTS FOR EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS, FACILITIES AND SERVICES, AND STRENGTHENING OF EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES / Subchapter II: SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATIONAL CENTERS AND SERVICES / Section 842: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections were omitted in the general revision of title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 39, by Pub. L. 95–561, title III, §301, Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2210.

Section 842, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §302, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 40; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §132, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1201; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §131, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 789; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §131(a)(1), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 131; Pub. L. 92–318, title IV, §421(b)(1)(B), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 341; Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §103(b), title VIII, §843(a), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 502, 611, provided for the allotment of appropriated funds for supplementary educational centers and services.

Section 843, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §303, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 40; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §152(b), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1203; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §131, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 790; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §131(a)(1), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 132; Pub. L. 92–318, title V, §509(a)(2), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 353, related to the uses of Federal funds for supplementary educational centers and services.

Section 844, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §304, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 41; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §§133, 134, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1201, 1202; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §131, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 791; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §131(a)(1), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 133, related to the content and form of applications for grant funds for supplementary educational centers and services.

Section 844a, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §305, as added Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §131, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 792; amended Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §131(a)(1), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 135; Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §103(c), title IV, §402(c)(2)(i), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 502, 546; Pub. L. 94–273, §3(8), Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 376; Pub. L. 95–112, §2(c)(2), Sept. 24, 1977, 91 Stat. 911, set out the requisites for State plans for supplementary educational centers and services.

A prior section 305 of Pub. L. 89–10 was renumbered section 307 by section 131 of Pub. L. 90–247 and was set out as section 845 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 757 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 21: HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITIES / Subchapter IV: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 757: Repealed. Pub. L. 91-230, title IV, §401(f)(4), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 173
Repealed. Pub. L. 91-230, title IV, §401(f)(4), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 173
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 88–204, title IV, §407, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 379, prohibited Federal control of education (personnel, curriculum, methods of instruction, or administration), and was superseded by section 1232a of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7244 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7244: Uses of funds
Uses of funds
Status: in_force

(a) In general

Each statewide organization or consortium receiving a grant under this part shall use the grant funds, based on the needs determined under section 7243(b)(6)(I) of this title, to provide training and technical assistance to State educational agencies, local educational agencies, and organizations that support family-school partnerships, and activities, services, and training for local educational agencies, school leaders, educators, and parents—

(1) to assist parents in participating effectively in their children's education and to help their children meet challenging State academic standards, such as by assisting parents—

(A) to engage in activities that will improve student academic achievement, including understanding how parents can support learning in the classroom with activities at home and in after school and extracurricular programs;

(B) to communicate effectively with their children, teachers, school leaders, counselors, administrators, and other school personnel;

(C) to become active participants in the development, implementation, and review of school-parent compacts, family engagement in education policies, and school planning and improvement;

(D) to participate in the design and provision of assistance to students who are not making academic progress;

(E) to participate in State and local decisionmaking;

(F) to train other parents; and

(G) in learning and using technology applied in their children's education;

(2) to develop and implement, in partnership with the State educational agency, statewide family engagement in education policy and systemic initiatives that will provide for a continuum of services to remove barriers for family engagement in education and support school reform efforts; and

(3) to develop and implement parental involvement policies under this chapter.

(b) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a statewide family engagement center from—

(1) having its employees or agents meet with a parent at a site that is not on school grounds; or

(2) working with another agency that serves children.

(c) Parental rights

Notwithstanding any other provision of this section—

(1) no person (including a parent who educates a child at home, a public school parent, or a private school parent) shall be required to participate in any program of parent education or developmental screening under this section; and

(2) no program or center assisted under this section shall take any action that infringes in any manner on the right of parents to direct the education of their children.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4504, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4501, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2019.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7455 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VI: INDIAN, NATIVE HAWAIIAN, AND ALASKA NATIVE EDUCATION / Section 7455: Transferred
Transferred
Status: transferred

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, §7135, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, §701, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1928, which related to grants to Indian tribes for education administrative planning and development, was renumbered title VI, §6132, of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 114–95, title VI, §§6001(a), (b)(1), 6002(n)(2), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2046, 2057, and transferred to section 7452 of this title.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7455, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, §7135, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3731, established National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter VII of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.
20 U.S.C. § 7242 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7242: Grants authorized.
Grants authorized.
Status: in_force

(a) Statewide family engagement centers

From the amount appropriated under section 7246 of this title and not reserved under subsection (d), the Secretary is authorized to award grants for each fiscal year to statewide organizations (or consortia of such organizations), to establish statewide family engagement centers that—

(1) carry out parent education, and family engagement in education, programs; or

(2) provide comprehensive training and technical assistance to State educational agencies, local educational agencies, schools identified by State educational agencies and local educational agencies, organizations that support family-school partnerships, and other organizations that carry out such programs.

(b) Minimum award

In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, ensure that a grant is awarded for a statewide family engagement center in an amount not less than $500,000.

(c) Matching funds for grant renewal

Each organization or consortium receiving assistance under this part shall demonstrate that, for each fiscal year after the first fiscal year for which the organization or consortium is receiving such assistance, a portion of the services provided by the organization or consortium is supported through non-Federal contributions, which may be in cash or in-kind.

(d) Technical assistance

The Secretary shall reserve not more than 2 percent of the funds appropriated under section 7246 of this title to carry out this part to provide technical assistance, by competitive grant or contract, for the establishment, development, and coordination of statewide family engagement centers.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4502, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4501, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2016.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 4502 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 3142 of this title, prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 861 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 24: GRANTS FOR EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS, FACILITIES AND SERVICES, AND STRENGTHENING OF EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES / Subchapter III: STRENGTHENING STATE AND LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES / Section 861: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections were omitted in the general revision of title V of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 47, by Pub. L. 95–561, title V, §501, Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2240.

Section 861, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §501, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 47; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §151, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1203; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §141, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 799; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §§141, 143(a)(4)(B), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 141, 142; Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §104(a), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 503; Pub. L. 95–112, §2(e)(1), Sept. 24, 1977, 91 Stat. 911, authorized appropriations for grants to strengthen State departments of education for fiscal years ending prior to Oct. 1, 1979.

Section 862, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §502, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 48; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §152(c), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1203; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §§142(a), 143, 145(b)(1), (2), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 799, 800; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §143(a)(4)(B), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 142; Pub. L. 93–380, title VIII, §843(a)(2), (3), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 611, related to the apportionment of grant funds among States.

Section 863, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §503, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 49; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §§152(a), 154, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1203, 1204; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §§144, 145(a), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 799, 800; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §§142(a), 143(a)(4)(C), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 142; Pub. L. 92–318, title V, §509(a)(3), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 353, related to programs and activities covered.

Section 864, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §504, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 50; Pub. L. 89–750, title I, §152(d), Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1203; Pub. L. 91–230, title I, §143(a)(4)(B), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 142, related to the findings prerequisite to the approval of applications for apportioned funds.

Section 865, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, §505, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 51; Pub. L. 90–247, title I, §§145(b)(3), 146, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 800, related to special project grants.
20 U.S.C. § 7928 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VIII: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 7928: Privacy
Privacy
Status: in_force

The Secretary shall require an assurance that each grantee receiving funds under this chapter understands the importance of privacy protections for students and is aware of the responsibilities of the grantee under section 1232g of this title (commonly known as the "Family Education Rights and Privacy Act of 1974").

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, §8548, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §8040, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2121.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 2711 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 47: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter I: BASIC PROGRAMS / Section 2711: Omitted
Omitted
Status: omitted

Editorial Notes

Codification

Sections 2711 and 2712 were omitted in the general amendment of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3519. See section 6311 et seq. of this title.

Section 2711, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, §1005, as added Pub. L. 100–297, title I, §1001, Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 141; amended Pub. L. 102–73, title VIII, §802(a), July 25, 1991, 105 Stat. 360, related to basic grants.

A prior section 2711, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, §111, as added Pub. L. 95–561, title I, §101(a), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2153; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §301(a)(1), title V, §§507, 508(k), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677, 692, 694, related to amount and eligibility for grants, prior to the general amendment of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, by Pub. L. 100–297.

Section 2712, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, §1006, as added Pub. L. 100–297, title I, §1001, Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 146, related to grants for local educational agencies in counties with especially high concentrations of children from low-income families.

A prior section 2712, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, §112, as added Pub. L. 95–561, title I, §101(a), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2158, related to treatment of earnings for purposes of aid to families with dependent children, prior to the general amendment of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, by Pub. L. 100–297.

Section 2713, Pub. L. 93–380, title I, §101(a)(10), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 501; Pub. L. 95–561, title I, §101(d), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2200; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §301(a)(1), title V, §507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677, 692, which was enacted as part of Education Amendments of 1974, and formerly classified to section 241b–1 of this title, related to authorization of appropriations to assist otherwise lower fiscal year allotment levels under former provisions of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.
20 U.S.C. § 9903 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 79: STEM-TRAINING GRANT PROGRAM / Section 9903: Grant program
Grant program
Status: in_force

(a) In general

The Director shall establish a grant program to support programs at institutions of higher education to carry out the purpose of this chapter.

(b) Geographical considerations

In the administration of this chapter, the Director shall take such steps as may be necessary to ensure that grants are equitably distributed across all regions of the United States, taking into account population density and other geographic and demographic considerations.

(c) Amount of grant

Subject to the requirements of subsection (d), the Director may award grants annually on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education in the amount of $2,000,000, per institution of which—

(1) $1,500,000 shall be used—

(A) to design, implement, and evaluate a program that meets the requirements of section 9902 of this title;

(B) to employ master teachers at the institution to oversee field experiences;

(C) to provide a stipend to mentor teachers participating in the program; and

(D) to support curriculum development and implementation strategies for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics content courses taught through the program; and

(2) up to $500,000 shall be set aside by the grantee for technical support and evaluation services from the institution whose programs will be replicated.

(d) Eligibility

To be eligible to apply for a grant under this section, an institution of higher education shall—

(1) include former secondary school science, technology, engineering, or mathematics master teachers as faculty in its science department for this program;

(2) grant terminal degrees in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; and

(3) have a process to be used in establishing partnerships with local educational agencies for placement of participating students in their field experiences, including a process for identifying mentor teachers working in local schools to supervise classroom field experiences in cooperation with university-based master teachers;

(4) maintain policies allowing flexible entry to the program throughout the undergraduate coursework;

(5) require that master teachers employed by the institution will supervise field experiences of students in the program;

(6) require that the program complies with State certification or licensing requirements and the requirements under section 9101(23) 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801(23)) for highly qualified teachers;

(7) develop during the course of the grant a plan for long-term support and assessment of its graduates, which shall include—

(A) induction support for graduates in their first one to two years of teaching;

(B) systems to determine the teaching status of graduates and thereby determine retention rates; and

(C) methods to analyze the achievement of students taught by graduates, and methods to analyze classroom practices of graduates; and

(8) be able upon completion of the grant at the end of 5 years to fund essential program costs, including salaries of master teachers and other necessary personnel, from recurring university budgets.

(e) Application requirements

An institution of higher education seeking a grant under the program shall submit an application to the Director in such form, at such time, and containing such information and assurances as the Director may require, including—

(1) a description of the current rate at which individuals majoring in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics become certified as elementary and secondary teachers;

(2) a description for the institution's plan for increasing the numbers of students enrolled in and graduating from the program supported under this chapter;

(3) a description of the institution's capacity to develop a program in which individuals majoring in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics can become certified as elementary and secondary teachers;

(4) identification of the organizational unit within the department or division of arts and sciences or the science department at the institution that will adopt teacher certification for elementary and secondary teachers as its primary mission;

(5) identification of core faculty within the department or division of arts and sciences or the science department at the institution to champion teacher preparation in their departments by teaching courses dedicated to preparing future elementary and secondary school teachers, helping create new degree plans, advising prospective students within their major, and assisting as needed with program administration;

(6) identification of core faculty in the education department or its equivalent at the institution to champion teacher preparation by creating and teaching courses specific to the preparation of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and working closely with colleagues in the department or division of arts and sciences or the science department; and

(7) a description of involving practical, field-based experience in teaching and degree plans enabling students to graduate in 4 years with a major in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics and elementary or secondary school teacher certification.

(f) Matching requirement

An institution of higher education may not receive a grant under this section unless it provides, from non-federal sources, to carry out the activities supported by the grant, an amount that is not less than—

(1) 35 percent of the amount of the grant for the first fiscal year of the grant;

(2) 55 percent of the amount of the grant for the second and third fiscal years of the grant; and

(3) 75 percent of the amount of the grant for the fourth and fifth fiscal years of the grant.

(g) Guidance

Within 90 days after January 4, 2011, the Director shall initiate a proceeding to promulgate guidance for the administration of the grant program established under subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 111–358, title V, §553, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 4022.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (d)(6), was amended by Pub. L. 114–95 and, as so amended, is now section 8101 of the Act and no longer relates to highly qualified teachers. A reference in this section to "highly qualified", as defined in section 9101 of the Act, with respect to a teacher, means that the teacher meets applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification. See section 9214(a)(2) of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a Use of the Term "Highly Qualified" in Other Laws note under section 1070g–2 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
20 U.S.C. § 3443 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 48: DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION / Subchapter III: TRANSFERS OF AGENCIES AND FUNCTIONS / Section 3443: Transfers from Department of Labor
Transfers from Department of Labor
Status: in_force

(a) Functions relating to programs for the education of migrant and seasonal farmworkers

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 601 of this Act, there shall be transferred to the Secretary, at such time on or after May 4, 1980, as the Secretary certifies that there has been established in the Department a single component responsible for the administration and the coordination of programs relating to the education of migrants, all functions of the Secretary of Labor or the Department of Labor relating to such education.

(b) Authorization to conduct functions

The Secretary is authorized to conduct the functions transferred by subsection (a).

(Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §302, formerly §303, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 680; renumbered §302, Pub. L. 103–382, title II, §271(a)(2), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3929; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §405(d)(16)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–421.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 601 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 601 of Pub. L. 96–88, which is set out as an Effective Date note under section 3401 of this title.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 302 of Pub. L. 96–88 was classified to section 3442 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–145.

Amendments

1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted "relating to such education" for "under section 303(c)(2) of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act".
20 U.S.C. § 7882 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VIII: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 7882: Standards for by-pass
Standards for by-pass
Status: in_force

(a) In general

If, by reason of any provision of law, a State educational agency, local educational agency, educational service agency, consortium of those agencies, or other entity is prohibited from providing for the participation in programs of children enrolled in, or teachers or other educational personnel from, private elementary schools and secondary schools, on an equitable basis, or if the Secretary determines that the agency, consortium, or entity has substantially failed or is unwilling to provide for that participation, as required by section 7881 of this title, the Secretary shall—

(1) waive the requirements of that section for the agency, consortium, or entity; and

(2) arrange for the provision of equitable services to those children, teachers, or other educational personnel through arrangements that shall be subject to the requirements of this section and of sections 7881, 7883, and 7884 of this title.

(b) Determination

In making the determination under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider one or more factors, including the quality, size, scope, and location of the program, and the opportunity of private school children, teachers, and other educational personnel to participate in the program.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, §8502, formerly title IX, §9502, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, §901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1977; renumbered title VIII, §8502, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§8001(a)(5), (b)(4), 8016, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089, 2111.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7882, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, §9162, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3794, authorized appropriations, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter IX of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

Amendments

2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–95, §8001(b)(4), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in two places in text as reference to section 7881 of this title.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, §8016, made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to sections 7883 and 7884 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1439 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 33: EDUCATION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES / Subchapter III: INFANTS AND TODDLERS WITH DISABILITIES / Section 1439: Procedural safeguards
Procedural safeguards
Status: in_force

(a) Minimum procedures

The procedural safeguards required to be included in a statewide system under section 1435(a)(13) of this title shall provide, at a minimum, the following:

(1) The timely administrative resolution of complaints by parents. Any party aggrieved by the findings and decision regarding an administrative complaint shall have the right to bring a civil action with respect to the complaint in any State court of competent jurisdiction or in a district court of the United States without regard to the amount in controversy. In any action brought under this paragraph, the court shall receive the records of the administrative proceedings, shall hear additional evidence at the request of a party, and, basing its decision on the preponderance of the evidence, shall grant such relief as the court determines is appropriate.

(2) The right to confidentiality of personally identifiable information, including the right of parents to written notice of and written consent to the exchange of such information among agencies consistent with Federal and State law.

(3) The right of the parents to determine whether they, their infant or toddler, or other family members will accept or decline any early intervention service under this subchapter in accordance with State law without jeopardizing other early intervention services under this subchapter.

(4) The opportunity for parents to examine records relating to assessment, screening, eligibility determinations, and the development and implementation of the individualized family service plan.

(5) Procedures to protect the rights of the infant or toddler whenever the parents of the infant or toddler are not known or cannot be found or the infant or toddler is a ward of the State, including the assignment of an individual (who shall not be an employee of the State lead agency, or other State agency, and who shall not be any person, or any employee of a person, providing early intervention services to the infant or toddler or any family member of the infant or toddler) to act as a surrogate for the parents.

(6) Written prior notice to the parents of the infant or toddler with a disability whenever the State agency or service provider proposes to initiate or change, or refuses to initiate or change, the identification, evaluation, or placement of the infant or toddler with a disability, or the provision of appropriate early intervention services to the infant or toddler.

(7) Procedures designed to ensure that the notice required by paragraph (6) fully informs the parents, in the parents' native language, unless it clearly is not feasible to do so, of all procedures available pursuant to this section.

(8) The right of parents to use mediation in accordance with section 1415 of this title, except that—

(A) any reference in the section to a State educational agency shall be considered to be a reference to a State's lead agency established or designated under section 1435(a)(10) of this title;

(B) any reference in the section to a local educational agency shall be considered to be a reference to a local service provider or the State's lead agency under this subchapter, as the case may be; and

(C) any reference in the section to the provision of a free appropriate public education to children with disabilities shall be considered to be a reference to the provision of appropriate early intervention services to infants and toddlers with disabilities.

(b) Services during pendency of proceedings

During the pendency of any proceeding or action involving a complaint by the parents of an infant or toddler with a disability, unless the State agency and the parents otherwise agree, the infant or toddler shall continue to receive the appropriate early intervention services currently being provided or, if applying for initial services, shall receive the services not in dispute.

(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, §639, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, §101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2755.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1439, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, §639, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, §101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 115, set out procedural safeguards, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
20 U.S.C. § 2393 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 44: CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION / Subchapter II: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 2393: Construction
Construction
Status: in_force

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to permit, allow, encourage, or authorize any Federal control over any aspect of a private, religious, or home school, regardless of whether a home school is treated as a private school or home school under State law. This section shall not be construed to bar students attending private, religious, or home schools from participation in programs or services under this chapter.

(Pub. L. 88–210, title II, §213, formerly title III, §313, as added Pub. L. 109–270, §1(b), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 743; renumbered title II, §213, Pub. L. 115–224, title II, §201(a)(5), (6), July 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 1621.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2393, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, §313, as added Pub. L. 105–332, §1(b), Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3122, related to construction of this chapter, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 109–270.

Another prior section 2393, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, §333, formerly §343, as added Pub. L. 98–524, §1, Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2465; amended Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6134(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1512; renumbered §333, Pub. L. 101–392, title III, §307(a)(2), Sept. 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 787, related to use of grant funds, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 105–332.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–224 effective July 1, 2019, see section 4 of Pub. L. 115–224, set out as a note under section 2301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 10008 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 80: STATE FISCAL STABILIZATION FUND / Section 10008: State reports
State reports
Status: in_force

For each year of the program under this chapter, a State receiving funds under this chapter shall submit a report to the Secretary, at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require, that describes—

(1) the uses of funds provided under this chapter within the State;

(2) how the State distributed the funds it received under this chapter;

(3) the number of jobs that the Governor estimates were saved or created with funds the State received under this chapter;

(4) tax increases that the Governor estimates were averted because of the availability of funds from this chapter;

(5) the State's progress in reducing inequities in the distribution of highly qualified teachers, in implementing a State longitudinal data system, and in developing and implementing valid and reliable assessments for limited English proficient students and children with disabilities;

(6) the tuition and fee increases for in-State students imposed by public institutions of higher education in the State during the period of availability of funds under this chapter, and a description of any actions taken by the State to limit those increases;

(7) the extent to which public institutions of higher education maintained, increased, or decreased enrollment of in-State students, including students eligible for Pell Grants or other need-based financial assistance; and

(8) a description of each modernization, renovation and repair project funded, which shall include the amounts awarded and project costs.

(Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title XIV, §14008, Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 285.)
20 U.S.C. § 6821 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter III: LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION FOR ENGLISH LEARNERS AND IMMIGRANT STUDENTS / Section 6821: Formula grants to States
Formula grants to States
Status: in_force

(a) In general

In the case of each State educational agency having a plan approved by the Secretary for a fiscal year under section 6823 of this title, the Secretary shall make a grant for the year to the agency for the purposes specified in subsection (b). The grant shall consist of the allotment determined for the State educational agency under subsection (c).

(b) Use of funds

(1) Subgrants to eligible entities

The Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) only if the State educational agency involved agrees to expend at least 95 percent of the State educational agency's allotment under subsection (c) for a fiscal year—

(A) to award subgrants, from allocations under section 6824 of this title, to eligible entities to carry out the activities described in section 6825 of this title (other than subsection (e)); and

(B) to award subgrants under section 6824(d)(1) of this title to eligible entities that are described in that section to carry out the activities described in section 6825(e) of this title.

(2) State activities

Subject to paragraph (3), each State educational agency receiving a grant under subsection (a) may reserve not more than 5 percent of the agency's allotment under subsection (c) to carry out one or more of the following activities:

(A) Establishing and implementing, with timely and meaningful consultation with local educational agencies representing the geographic diversity of the State, standardized statewide entrance and exit procedures, including a requirement that all students who may be English learners are assessed for such status within 30 days of enrollment in a school in the State.

(B) Providing effective teacher and principal preparation, effective professional development activities, and other effective activities related to the education of English learners, which may include assisting teachers, principals, and other educators in—

(i) meeting State and local certification and licensing requirements for teaching English learners; and

(ii) improving teaching skills in meeting the diverse needs of English learners, including how to implement effective programs and curricula on teaching English learners.

(C) Planning, evaluation, administration, and interagency coordination related to the subgrants referred to in paragraph (1).

(D) Providing technical assistance and other forms of assistance to eligible entities that are receiving subgrants from a State educational agency under this subpart, including assistance in—

(i) identifying and implementing effective language instruction educational programs and curricula for teaching English learners;

(ii) helping English learners meet the same challenging State academic standards that all children are expected to meet;

(iii) identifying or developing, and implementing, measures of English proficiency; and

(iv) strengthening and increasing parent, family, and community engagement in programs that serve English learners.

(E) Providing recognition, which may include providing financial awards, to recipients of subgrants under section 6825 of this title that have significantly improved the achievement and progress of English learners in meeting—

(i) the State-designed long-term goals established under section 6311(c)(4)(A)(ii) of this title, including measurements of interim progress towards meeting such goals, based on the State's English language proficiency assessment under section 6311(b)(2)(G) of this title; and

(ii) the challenging State academic standards.

(3) Direct administrative expenses

From the amount reserved under paragraph (2), a State educational agency may use not more than 50 percent of such amount or $175,000, whichever is greater, for the planning and direct administrative costs of carrying out paragraphs (1) and (2).

(c) Reservations and allotments

(1) Reservations

From the amount appropriated under section 6801 of this title for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve—

(A) 0.5 percent or $5,000,000 of such amount, whichever is greater, for payments to eligible entities that are defined under section 6822(a) of this title for activities, approved by the Secretary, consistent with this subpart;

(B) 0.5 percent of such amount for payments to outlying areas, to be allotted in accordance with their respective needs for assistance under this subpart, as determined by the Secretary, for activities, approved by the Secretary, consistent with this subpart; and

(C) 6.5 percent of such amount for national activities under sections 6861 and 7013 of this title, except that not more than $2,000,000 of such amount may be reserved for the National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition and Language Instruction Educational Programs described in section 7013 of this title.

(2) State allotments

(A) In general

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), from the amount appropriated under section 6801 of this title for each fiscal year that remains after making the reservations under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall allot to each State educational agency having a plan approved under section 6823(c) of this title—

(i) an amount that bears the same relationship to 80 percent of the remainder as the number of English learners in the State bears to the number of English learners in all States, as determined in accordance with paragraph (3)(A); and

(ii) an amount that bears the same relationship to 20 percent of the remainder as the number of immigrant children and youth in the State bears to the number of such children and youth in all States, as determined in accordance with paragraph (3)(B).

(B) Minimum allotments

No State educational agency shall receive an allotment under this paragraph that is less than $500,000.

(C) Reallotment

If any State educational agency described in subparagraph (A) does not submit a plan to the Secretary for a fiscal year, or submits a plan (or any amendment to a plan) that the Secretary, after reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing, determines does not satisfy the requirements of this subpart, the Secretary—

(i) shall endeavor to make the State's allotment available on a competitive basis to specially qualified agencies within the State to satisfy the requirements of section 6825 of this title (and any additional requirements that the Secretary may impose), consistent with the purposes of such section, and to carry out required and authorized activities under such section; and

(ii) shall reallot any portion of such allotment remaining after the application of clause (i) to the remaining State educational agencies in accordance with subparagraph (A).

(D) Special rule for Puerto Rico

The total amount allotted to Puerto Rico for any fiscal year under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 0.5 percent of the total amount allotted to all States for that fiscal year.

(3) Use of data for determinations

In making State allotments under paragraph (2) for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall—

(A) determine the number of English learners in a State and in all States, using the most accurate, up-to-date data, which shall be—

(i) data available from the American Community Survey conducted by the Department of Commerce, which may be multiyear estimates;

(ii) the number of students being assessed for English language proficiency, based on the State's English language proficiency assessment under section 6311(b)(2)(G) of this title, which may be multiyear estimates; or

(iii) a combination of data available under clauses (i) and (ii); and

(B) determine the number of immigrant children and youth in the State and in all States based only on data available from the American Community Survey conducted by the Department of Commerce, which may be multiyear estimates.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §3111, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title III, §301, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1691; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title III, §3003(b), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1954.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 3111 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 6811 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

Amendments

2015—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(1)(A), added subpars. (A) to (E) and struck out former subpars. (A) to (D) which read as follows:

"(A) Professional development activities, and other activities, that assist personnel in meeting State and local certification and licensing requirements for teaching limited English proficient children.

"(B) Planning, evaluation, administration, and interagency coordination related to the subgrants referred to in paragraph (1).

"(C) Providing technical assistance and other forms of assistance to eligible entities that are receiving subgrants from a State educational agency under this subpart, including assistance in—

"(i) identifying and implementing language instruction educational programs and curricula that are based on scientifically based research on teaching limited English proficient children;

"(ii) helping limited English proficient children meet the same challenging State academic content and student academic achievement standards as all children are expected to meet;

"(iii) identifying or developing, and implementing, measures of English proficiency; and

"(iv) promoting parental and community participation in programs that serve limited English proficient children.

"(D) Providing recognition, which may include providing financial awards, to subgrantees that have exceeded their annual measurable achievement objectives pursuant to section 6842 of this title."

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(1)(B), substituted "Direct administrative" for "Administrative" in heading and substituted "50 percent" for "60 percent" and inserted "direct" before "administrative costs" in text.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(A)(i), substituted "section 6801" for "section 6801(a)" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(A)(ii), inserted "and" after semicolon at end.

Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(A)(iii), added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: "6.5 percent of such amount for national activities under sections 6861 and 7013 of this title, except that not more than 0.5 percent of such amount shall be reserved for evaluation activities conducted by the Secretary and not more than $2,000,000 of such amount may be reserved for the National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition and Language Instruction Educational Programs described in section 7013 of this title; and".

Subsec. (c)(1)(D). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(A)(iv), struck out subpar. (D) which read as follows: "such sums as may be necessary to make continuation awards under paragraph (2)."

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(B), (C), redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which related to continuation awards.

Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(D)(i), substituted "section 6801" for "section 6801(a)" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(D)(ii), substituted "English learners in the State bears to the number of English learners in all States, as determined in accordance with paragraph (3)(A); and" for "limited English proficient children in the State bears to the number of such children in all States; and".

Subsec. (c)(2)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(D)(iii), inserted ", as determined in accordance with paragraph (3)(B)" before period at end.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(E), added par. (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (2).

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 114–95, §3003(b)(2)(B), struck out par. (4) which related to use of data for determinations.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 3985 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 52: EDUCATION FOR ECONOMIC SECURITY / Subchapter III: PARTNERSHIPS IN EDUCATION FOR MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, AND ENGINEERING / Section 3985: Application
Application
Status: in_force

(a) Requirements; terms, assurances, and conditions

Any applicant which desires to receive a grant under this part shall submit an application approved under section 3986 of this title to the Secretary, at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such additional information as the Secretary may reasonably require. Each such application shall—

(1) describe the activities for which assistance under this part is sought;

(2) provide assurances that not more than 5 per centum of the amount received by the applicant in any fiscal year may be expended on administrative expenses;

(3) with respect to each program for which assistance is sought, provide assurances that—

(A) 30 per centum of the funds for each such project will be furnished by business concerns within the community;

(B) 20 per centum of the funds will be supplied by—

(i) the State,

(ii) the institution of higher education or the local educational agency, as the case may be, participating in the program; and

(iii) the other parties participating in the program;

(C) no stipend will be paid directly to employees of a profitmaking business concern; and

(D) teachers participating in the exchange program may not be employed by the participating business concern with which the teacher served within three years after the end of the exchange program unless the teacher repays the full cost of the exchange program to the State and local educational agency, as the case may be; and

(4) provide assurances that whenever the program for which assistance is sought includes scholarships, the scholarships be awarded to undergraduate students at institutions of higher education within the State who wish to pursue a course of study in mathematics or science, engineering or computer science, and that each student awarded a scholarship under this part will receive a stipend which shall not exceed the cost of tuition at the institution of higher education plus a stipend of not to exceed $750 for each academic year of study for which the scholarship is awarded;

(5) set forth policies and procedures to assure that whenever the application includes a local educational agency, to the extent consistent with the number and location of children in the school district of such agency who are enrolled in private elementary and secondary schools, provision is made for the participation of such children in the program assisted under this part;

(6) provide assurances that consideration is given to programs and activities designed to meet the needs of underrepresented and underserved populations;

(7) provide assurances that in the consideration of applications submitted under section 3986(a) of this title that equitable consideration is given to applications submitted by private and public institutions of higher education; and

(8) provide such additional assurances as the Secretary determines essential to ensure compliance with the requirements of this part.

(b) Regional joint application

A regional consortium of applicants in two or more States may file a joint application under the provisions of subsection (a) of this section.

(Pub. L. 98–377, title III, §306, Aug. 11, 1984, 98 Stat. 1285; Pub. L. 99–159, title II, §231, Nov. 22, 1985, 99 Stat. 900; Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6031(b)(2), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1483.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–418 substituted "part" for "subchapter" wherever appearing.

1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–159 substituted "Secretary" for "Foundation" in two places in provisions preceding par. (1) and in par. (8).
20 U.S.C. § 4302 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 55: EDUCATION OF THE DEAF / Subchapter I: GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY; NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF; OTHER PROGRAMS / Section 4302: Property rights
Property rights
Status: in_force

(a) Property rights described

Gallaudet University is vested with all the property and the rights of property, and shall have and be entitled to use all authority, privileges, and possessions and all legal rights which it has, or which it had or exercised under any former name, including the right to sue and be sued and to own, acquire, sell, mortgage, or otherwise dispose of property it may own now or hereafter acquire. Gallaudet University shall also be subject to all liabilities and obligations now outstanding against the corporation under any former name.

(b) Disposal of real property

(1) With the approval of the Secretary, the Board of Trustees of Gallaudet University may convey fee simple title by deed, convey by quitclaim deed, mortgage, or otherwise dispose of any or all real property title to which is vested in Gallaudet University, Gallaudet College, the Columbia Institution for the Deaf, or any predecessor corporation.

(2) The proceeds of any such disposition shall be considered a part of the capital structure of the corporation, and may be used solely for the acquisition of real estate for the use of the corporation, for the construction, equipment, or improvement of buildings for such use, or for investment purposes, but, if invested, only the income from the investment may be used for current expenses of the corporation.

(Pub. L. 99–371, title I, §102, Aug. 4, 1986, 100 Stat. 781; Pub. L. 103–73, title II, §203(b), Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 733.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to this section were contained in section 691b of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–371.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(b)(1), substituted "Secretary" for "Secretary of Education".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(b)(2), substituted "but, if invested," for "but if invested".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Real Property Provisions

The following acts contained provisions relating to acquisition, exchange, and adjustment of boundaries of properties of Gallaudet University and its predecessors, Gallaudet College and Columbia Institution for the Deaf:

July 1, 1916, ch. 209, 39 Stat. 310.

Aug. 3, 1939, ch. 414, 53 Stat. 1179.

Sept. 13, 1960, Pub. L. 86–776, §§1, 2, 74 Stat. 916, 917.

Nov. 20, 1981, Pub. L. 97–80, title II, §202(a)(1), 95 Stat. 1082.
20 U.S.C. § 3994 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 52: EDUCATION FOR ECONOMIC SECURITY / Subchapter III: PARTNERSHIPS IN EDUCATION FOR MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, AND ENGINEERING / Section 3994: Eligible programs
Eligible programs
Status: in_force

(a) In general

A State may use funds from grants received in any fiscal year under this part for elementary and secondary programs described in this section. The State educational agency shall administer such funds, which shall be awarded to such programs on a competitive basis.

(b) Use of funds

Funds from grants received under this part may be used for the following:

(1) Improvement of elementary and secondary resources

Such funds may be used for acquisition of equipment, instructional and reference materials, and partnership in education programs designed to—

(A) improve instruction in mathematics and science education at the elementary and secondary level;

(B) improve laboratory facilities, classroom and library resources in elementary and secondary mathematics and science education; and

(C) attract matching dollars and in kind contributions of equipment, learning resources or shared time from business concerns, libraries, museums, nonprofit private organizations, professional mathematics and scientific associations, and appropriate State agencies.

(2) Advanced placement programs

(A) Such funds may be used for advanced placement programs operated by local educational agencies that are designed to allow qualified secondary students to attend college preparatory schools, colleges, or universities on a part-time or full-time basis with respect to science and mathematics instruction.

(B) A local educational agency that receives funds from a grant under this part for an advanced placement program described in subparagraph (A) shall allocate to such program a percentage of funds received from the State on a per student basis according to—

(i) the number of students participating in the program; and

(ii) the instruction time such students receive under the program.

(Pub. L. 98–377, title III, §324, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, §6031(a)(2), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1480.)
20 U.S.C. § 9107 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 72: MUSEUM AND LIBRARY SERVICES / Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 9107: Awards and medals
Awards and medals
Status: in_force

The Director, with the advice of the Museum and Library Services Board, may annually award national awards and medals for library and museum services to outstanding libraries and museums that have made significant contributions in service to their communities.

(Pub. L. 94–462, title II, §209, as added Pub. L. 108–81, title I, §105, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 996; amended Pub. L. 111–340, title I, §105, Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3598.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Pub. L. 111–340 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The Director, with the advice of the Museum and Library Services Board, may annually award National Awards for Library Service and National Awards for Museum Service to outstanding libraries and outstanding museums, respectively, that have made significant contributions in service to their communities."
20 U.S.C. § 7473 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VI: INDIAN, NATIVE HAWAIIAN, AND ALASKA NATIVE EDUCATION / Section 7473: Preference for Indian applicants
Preference for Indian applicants
Status: in_force

In making grants and entering into contracts or cooperative agreements under subpart 2 or subpart 3 of this part, the Secretary shall give a preference to Indian tribes, organizations, and institutions of higher education under any program with respect to which Indian tribes, organizations, and institutions are eligible to apply for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, §6143, formerly title VII, §7143, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, §701, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1931; renumbered title VI, §6143, Pub. L. 114–95, title VI, §6001(a), (b)(1), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2046.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 7473, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, §7143, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3733, related to bilingual education teachers and personnel grants, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter VII of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

A prior section 6143 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 7315b of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95.
20 U.S.C. § 241aa (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 13: FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES / Subchapter III: FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES FOR EDUCATION OF INDIAN CHILDREN / Section 241aa: Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title V, §5352(1), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 414
Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title V, §5352(1), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 414
Status: repealed

Section 241aa, act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title III, §302, as added June 23, 1972, Pub. L. 92–318, title IV, §411(a), 86 Stat. 335; amended Nov. 1, 1978, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, §1142(a), 92 Stat. 2329; Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98–511, title V, §513(a)(8), 98 Stat. 2400, related to Congressional declaration of policy.

Section 241bb, act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, title III, §303, as added June 23, 1972, Pub. L. 92–318, title IV, §411(a), 86 Stat. 335; amended Aug. 21, 1974, Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §§631(b), 632(b), 88 Stat. 585, 586; Apr. 21, 1976, Pub. L. 94–273, §3(5), 90 Stat. 376; Nov. 1, 1978, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, §§1141(b), 1143, 92 Stat. 2328, 2329; Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98–511, title V, §513(a)(1)–(3), (8), 98 Stat. 2399, 2400, related to grants to local educational agencies.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1988, see section 6303 of Pub. L. 100–297, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 1071 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 76e (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter IV: SMITHSONIAN GALLERY OF ART / Section 76e: Housing or exhibiting objects of art possessed by Smithsonian Institution
Housing or exhibiting objects of art possessed by Smithsonian Institution
Status: in_force

Such objects of art as the Government or the Smithsonian Institution now possess, or such as may hereafter be acquired, may be housed or exhibited in the Gallery, with the approval of and under such regulations as the Regents and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution may prescribe.

(May 17, 1938, ch. 238, §6, 52 Stat. 401.)
20 U.S.C. § 1022c (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter II: TEACHER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT / Section 1022c: Accountability and evaluation
Accountability and evaluation
Status: in_force

(a) Eligible partnership evaluation

Each eligible partnership submitting an application for a grant under this part shall establish, and include in such application, an evaluation plan that includes strong and measurable performance objectives. The plan shall include objectives and measures for increasing—

(1) achievement for all prospective and new teachers, as measured by the eligible partnership;

(2) teacher retention in the first three years of a teacher's career;

(3) improvement in the pass rates and scaled scores for initial State certification or licensure of teachers; and

(4)(A) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency participating in the eligible partnership;

(B) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who are members of underrepresented groups;

(C) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who teach high-need academic subject areas (such as reading, mathematics, science, and foreign language, including less commonly taught languages and critical foreign languages);

(D) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who teach in high-need areas (including special education, language instruction educational programs for limited English proficient students, and early childhood education);

(E) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who teach in high-need schools, disaggregated by the elementary school and secondary school levels;

(F) as applicable, the percentage of early childhood education program classes in the geographic area served by the eligible partnership taught by early childhood educators who are highly competent; and

(G) as applicable, the percentage of teachers trained—

(i) to integrate technology effectively into curricula and instruction, including technology consistent with the principles of universal design for learning; and

(ii) to use technology effectively to collect, manage, and analyze data to improve teaching and learning for the purpose of improving student academic achievement.

(b) Information

An eligible partnership receiving a grant under this part shall ensure that teachers, principals, school superintendents, faculty, and leadership at institutions of higher education located in the geographic areas served by the eligible partnership are provided information, including through electronic means, about the activities carried out with funds under this part.

(c) Revised application

If the Secretary determines that an eligible partnership receiving a grant under this part is not making substantial progress in meeting the purposes, goals, objectives, and measures of the grant, as appropriate, by the end of the third year of a grant under this part, then the Secretary—

(1) shall cancel the grant; and

(2) may use any funds returned or available because of such cancellation under paragraph (1) to—

(A) increase other grant awards under this part; or

(B) award new grants to other eligible partnerships under this part.

(d) Evaluation and dissemination

The Secretary shall evaluate the activities funded under this part and report the findings regarding the evaluation of such activities to the authorizing committees. The Secretary shall broadly disseminate—

(1) successful practices developed by eligible partnerships under this part; and

(2) information regarding such practices that were found to be ineffective.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, §204, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, §201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3146; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §9214(c)(4), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2162.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 204 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1024 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315.

Another prior section 204 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1024 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

Amendments

2015—Subsec. (a)(4)(A) to (E). Pub. L. 114–95 substituted "teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title," for "highly qualified teachers".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2015 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7712 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter VII: IMPACT AID / Section 7712: Forgiveness of overpayments
Forgiveness of overpayments
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary may forgive the obligation of a local educational agency to repay, in whole or in part, the amount of any overpayment received under this subchapter, or under this subchapter's predecessor authorities, if the Secretary determines that the overpayment was made as a result of an error made by—

(1) the Secretary; or

(2) the local educational agency and repayment of the full amount of the overpayment will result in an undue financial hardship on the agency and seriously harm the agency's educational program.

(Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, §7012, formerly title VIII, §8012, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3769; amended Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title XVIII, §1815], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–387; renumbered title VII, §7012, Pub. L. 114–95, title VII, §7001(c)(2), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2074.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2000—Pub. L. 106–398 substituted "under this subchapter's predecessor authorities" for "under the Act of September 30, 1950 (Public Law 874, 81st Congress) or the Act of September 23, 1950 (Public Law 815, 81st Congress) (as such Acts were in effect on the day preceding October 20, 1994)" in introductory provisions.
20 U.S.C. § 7119 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IV: 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS / Section 7119: Activities to support the effective use of technology
Activities to support the effective use of technology
Status: in_force

(a) Uses of funds

Subject to section 7116(f) of this title, each local educational agency, or consortium of such agencies, that receives an allocation under section 7115(a) 1 of this title shall use a portion of such funds to improve the use of technology to improve the academic achievement, academic growth, and digital literacy of all students, including by meeting the needs of such agency or consortium that are identified in the needs assessment conducted under section 7116(d) of this title (if applicable), which may include—

(1) providing educators, school leaders, and administrators with the professional learning tools, devices, content, and resources to—

(A) personalize learning to improve student academic achievement;

(B) discover, adapt, and share relevant high-quality educational resources;

(C) use technology effectively in the classroom, including by administering computer-based assessments and blended learning strategies; and

(D) implement and support school- and district-wide approaches for using technology to inform instruction, support teacher collaboration, and personalize learning;

(2) building technological capacity and infrastructure, which may include—

(A) procuring content and ensuring content quality; and

(B) purchasing devices, equipment, and software applications in order to address readiness shortfalls;

(3) developing or using effective or innovative strategies for the delivery of specialized or rigorous academic courses and curricula through the use of technology, including digital learning technologies and assistive technology;

(4) carrying out blended learning projects, which shall include—

(A) planning activities, which may include development of new instructional models (including blended learning technology software and platforms), the purchase of digital instructional resources, initial professional development activities, and one-time information technology purchases, except that such expenditures may not include expenditures related to significant construction or renovation of facilities; or

(B) ongoing professional development for teachers, principals, other school leaders, or other personnel involved in the project that is designed to support the implementation and academic success of the project;

(5) providing professional development in the use of technology (which may be provided through partnerships with outside organizations) to enable teachers and instructional leaders to increase student achievement in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer science; and

(6) providing students in rural, remote, and underserved areas with the resources to take advantage of high-quality digital learning experiences, digital resources, and access to online courses taught by effective educators.

(b) Special rule

A local educational agency, or consortium of such agencies, shall not use more than 15 percent of funds for purchasing technology infrastructure as described in subsection (a)(2)(B), which shall include technology infrastructure purchased for the activities under subsection (a)(4)(A).

(Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, §4109, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, §4101, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1981.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 7115(a) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original "section 4015(a)", and was translated as meaning section 4105(a) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10, to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because that Act does not contain a section 4015 and section 4105(a) refers to allocations.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.
20 U.S.C. § 1101a (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter V: DEVELOPING INSTITUTIONS / Section 1101a: Definitions; eligibility
Definitions; eligibility
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions

For the purpose of this subchapter:

(1) Educational and general expenditures

The term "educational and general expenditures" means the total amount expended by an institution for instruction, research, public service, academic support (including library expenditures), student services, institutional support, scholarships and fellowships, operation and maintenance expenditures for the physical plant, and any mandatory transfers that the institution is required to pay by law.

(2) Eligible institution

The term "eligible institution" means—

(A) an institution of higher education—

(i) that has an enrollment of needy students as required by subsection (b);

(ii) except as provided in section 1103a(b) of this title, the average educational and general expenditures of which are low, per full-time equivalent undergraduate student, in comparison with the average educational and general expenditures per full-time equivalent undergraduate student of institutions that offer similar instruction;

(iii) that is—

(I) legally authorized to provide, and provides within the State, an educational program for which the institution awards a bachelor's degree; or

(II) a junior or community college;

(iv) that is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the Secretary to be reliable authority as to the quality of training offered or that is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation;

(v) that meets such other requirements as the Secretary may prescribe; and

(vi) that is located in a State; and

(B) any branch of any institution of higher education described under subparagraph (A) that by itself satisfies the requirements contained in clauses (i) and (ii) of such subparagraph.

For purposes of the determination of whether an institution is an eligible institution under this paragraph, the factor described under subparagraph (A)(i) shall be given twice the weight of the factor described under subparagraph (A)(ii).

(3) Endowment fund

The term "endowment fund" means a fund that—

(A) is established by State law, by a Hispanic-serving institution, or by a foundation that is exempt from Federal income taxation;

(B) is maintained for the purpose of generating income for the support of the institution; and

(C) does not include real estate.

(4) Full-time equivalent students

The term "full-time equivalent students" means the sum of the number of students enrolled full time at an institution, plus the full-time equivalent of the number of students enrolled part time (determined on the basis of the quotient of the sum of the credit hours of all part-time students divided by 12) at such institution.

(5) Hispanic-serving institution

The term "Hispanic-serving institution" means an institution of higher education that—

(A) is an eligible institution; and

(B) has an enrollment of undergraduate full-time equivalent students that is at least 25 percent Hispanic students at the end of the award year immediately preceding the date of application.

(6) Junior or community college

The term "junior or community college" means an institution of higher education—

(A) that admits as regular students persons who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in the State in which the institution is located and who have the ability to benefit from the training offered by the institution;

(B) that does not provide an educational program for which the institution awards a bachelor's degree (or an equivalent degree); and

(C) that—

(i) provides an educational program of not less than 2 years in duration that is acceptable for full credit toward such a degree; or

(ii) offers a 2-year program in engineering, mathematics, or the physical or biological sciences, designed to prepare a student to work as a technician or at the semiprofessional level in engineering, scientific, or other technological fields requiring the understanding and application of basic engineering, scientific, or mathematical principles of knowledge.

(b) Enrollment of needy students

For the purpose of this subchapter, the term "enrollment of needy students" means an enrollment at an institution with respect to which—

(1) at least 50 percent of the degree students so enrolled are receiving need-based assistance under subchapter IV in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made (other than loans for which an interest subsidy is paid pursuant to section 1078 of this title); or

(2) a substantial percentage of the students so enrolled are receiving Federal Pell Grants in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, compared to the percentage of students receiving Federal Pell Grants at all such institutions in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, unless the requirement of this paragraph is waived under section 1103a(a) of this title.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §502, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title V, §501, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1766; amended Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title X, §1087, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 2066; Pub. L. 109–292, §4(a), Sept. 30, 2006, 120 Stat. 1341; Pub. L. 110–315, title V, §502(b)(1), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3333; Pub. L. 111–39, title V, §501, July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1953.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1101a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, §502, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, §501(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1496, authorized appropriations for this subchapter, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325.

A prior section 502 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1102a of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

Another prior section 502 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1091a of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–482.

Amendments

2009—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted "for which the determination is made, compared to" for "for which determination is made, compared to".

2008—Subsecs. (a)(2)(A)(ii), (b)(2). Pub. L. 110–315 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 1103a of this title.

2006—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 109–292, §4(a)(1), inserted "and" at end of subpar. (A), in subpar. (B), struck out "at the time of application," before "has an enrollment", substituted "at the end of the award year immediately preceding the date of application." for "; and", and struck out subpar. (C) which read as follows: "provides assurances that not less than 50 percent of the institution's Hispanic students are low-income individuals, which assurances—

"(i) may employ statistical extrapolation using appropriate data from the Bureau of the Census or other appropriate Federal or State sources; and

"(ii) the Secretary shall consider as meeting the requirements of this subparagraph, unless the Secretary determines, based on a preponderance of the evidence, that the assurances do not meet the requirements."

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 109–292, §4(a)(2), struck out par. (7) which defined "low-income individual".

2004—Subsec. (a)(5)(C). Pub. L. 108–375 inserted ", which assurances—" and cls. (i) and (ii) before period at end.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1087nn (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter IV: STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Section 1087nn: Determination of student aid index
Determination of student aid index
Status: in_force

The student aid index—

(1) for a dependent student shall be determined in accordance with section 1087oo of this title;

(2) for a single independent student or a married independent student without dependents (other than a spouse) shall be determined in accordance with section 1087pp of this title; and

(3) for an independent student with dependents other than a spouse shall be determined in accordance with section 1087qq of this title.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, §474, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IV, §406(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1456; amended Pub. L. 100–369, §7(c), July 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 837; Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, §471(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 587; Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, §472, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1729; Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title VII, §702(c), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3141.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2020—Pub. L. 116–260 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to determination of expected family contribution and the data elements to be considered.

1998—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 105–244 inserted ", excluding the student's parents," after "family of the student".

1992—Pub. L. 102–325 substituted "Determination of expected family contribution; data elements" for "Data elements used in determining expected family contribution" in section catchline and amended text generally, adding subsec. (a), designating existing provisions as subsec. (b) and inserting heading, adding the age of the older parent, in the case of a dependent student, and the student as a data element and striking out consideration of any unusual medical and dental expenses and consideration of the number of dependent children other than the student enrolled in a private elementary or secondary institution and the unreimbursed tuition paid as data elements.

1988—Par. (8). Pub. L. 100–369 substituted "Internal Revenue Code of 1986" for "Internal Revenue Code of 1954", which for purposes of codification was translated as "title 26" thus requiring no change in text.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2020 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 116–260 effective July 1, 2024, except as otherwise expressly provided, and applicable with respect to award year 2024–2025 and each subsequent award year, as determined under this chapter, see section 701(b) of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244, effective Oct. 7, 1998, and applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for academic years beginning on or after July 1, 2000, see section 480A of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–325 applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for award years beginning on or after July 1, 1993, see section 471(b) of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 2141 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 43: AMERICAN FOLKLIFE PRESERVATION / Subchapter II: VETERANS' ORAL HISTORY / Section 2141: Findings; purpose
Findings; purpose
Status: in_force

(a) Findings

Congress finds as follows:

(1) Military service during a time of war is the highest sacrifice a citizen may make for his or her country.

(2) 4,700,000 Americans served in World War I, 16,500,000 Americans served in World War II, 6,800,000 Americans served in the Korean Conflict, 9,200,000 Americans served in the Vietnam Conflict, 3,800,000 Americans served in the Persian Gulf War, and countless other Americans served in military engagements overseas throughout the 20th century.

(3) The Department of Veterans Affairs reports that there are almost 19,000,000 war veterans living in this Nation today.

(4) Today there are only approximately 3,400 living veterans of World War I, and of the some 6,000,000 veterans of World War II alive today, almost 1,500 die each day.

(5) Oral histories are of immeasurable value to historians, researchers, authors, journalists, film makers, scholars, students, and citizens of all walks of life.

(6) War veterans possess an invaluable resource in their memories of the conflicts in which they served, and can provide a rich history of our Nation and its people through the retelling of those memories, yet frequently those who served during times of conflict are reticent to family and friends about their experiences.

(7) It is in the Nation's best interest to collect and catalog oral histories of American war veterans so that future generations will have original sources of information regarding the lives and times of those who served in war and the conditions under which they endured, so that Americans will always remember those who served in war and may learn first-hand of the heroics, tediousness, horrors, and triumphs of war.

(8) The Library of Congress, as the Nation's oldest Federal cultural institution and largest and most inclusive library in human history (with nearly 119,000,000 items in its multimedia collection) 1 is an appropriate repository to collect, preserve, and make available to the public an archive of these oral histories. The Library's American Folklife Center has expertise in the management of documentation projects and experience in the development of cultural and educational programs for the public.

(b) Purpose

It is the purpose of this subchapter to create a new federally sponsored, authorized, and funded program that will coordinate at a national level the collection of video and audio recordings of personal histories and testimonials of American war veterans, and to assist and encourage local efforts to preserve the memories of this Nation's war veterans so that Americans of all current and future generations may hear directly from veterans and better appreciate the realities of war and the sacrifices made by those who served in uniform during wartime.

(Pub. L. 106–380, §2, Oct. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 1447.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

For short title of this subchapter as the "Veterans' Oral History Project Act", see section 1 of Pub. L. 106–380, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.
20 U.S.C. § 4303 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 55: EDUCATION OF THE DEAF / Subchapter I: GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY; NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF; OTHER PROGRAMS / Section 4303: Board of Trustees
Board of Trustees
Status: in_force

(a) Composition of Board

(1) Gallaudet University shall be under the direction and control of a Board of Trustees, composed of twenty-one members who shall include—

(A) three public members of whom (i) one shall be a United States Senator appointed by the President of the Senate, and (ii) two shall be Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and

(B) eighteen other members, all of whom shall be elected by the Board of Trustees and of whom one shall be elected pursuant to regulations of the Board of Trustees, on nomination by the Gallaudet University Alumni Association, for a term of three years.

(2) The members appointed from the Senate and House of Representatives shall be appointed for a term of two years at the beginning of each Congress, shall be eligible for reappointment, and shall serve until their successors are appointed.

(3) The Board of Trustees shall have the power to fill any vacancy in the membership of the Board except for public members. Nine trustees shall constitute a quorum to transact business. The Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of its membership, is authorized to remove any member of their body (except the public members) who may refuse or neglect to discharge the duties of a trustee, or whose removal would, in the judgment of said majority, be to the interest and welfare of said corporation.

(b) Powers of Board

The Board of Trustees is authorized to—

(1) make such rules, policies, regulations, and bylaws, not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States, as may be necessary for the good government of Gallaudet University, for the management of the property and funds of such corporation (including the construction of buildings and other facilities), and for the admission, instruction, care, and discharge of students;

(2) provide for the adoption of a corporate seal and for its use;

(3) fix the date of holding their annual and other meetings;

(4) appoint a president and establish policies, guidelines, and procedures related to the appointments, the salaries, and the dismissals of professors, instructors, and other employees of Gallaudet University, including the adoption of a policy of outreach and recruitment to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities, particularly individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing;

(5) elect a chairperson and other officers and prescribe their duties and terms of office, and appoint an executive committee to consist of five members, and vest the committee with such of its powers during periods between meetings of the Board as the Board deems necessary;

(6) establish such schools, departments, and other units as the Board of Trustees deems necessary to carry out the purpose of Gallaudet University;

(7) confer such degrees and marks of honor as are conferred by colleges and universities generally, and issue such diplomas and certificates of graduation as, in its opinion, may be deemed advisable, and consistent with academic standards;

(8) subject to section 4353 of this title, control expenditures of all moneys appropriated by Congress for the benefit of Gallaudet University; and

(9) control the expenditure and investment of any moneys or funds or property which Gallaudet University may have or may receive from sources other than appropriations by Congress.

(Pub. L. 99–371, title I, §103, Aug. 4, 1986, 100 Stat. 782; Pub. L. 102–421, title I, §§101(c), 111, Oct. 16, 1992, 106 Stat. 2152; Pub. L. 103–73, title II, §203(c), Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 733.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to this section were contained in sections 691d and 691e of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–371.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(c)(1), in par. (1) substituted "members who shall include—" for "members selected as follows:" in introductory provisions and inserted comma after "Association" in subpar. (B), redesignated second sentence of par. (1) as par. (2), and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–73, §203(c)(2), inserted comma after "facilities)" in par. (1), substituted "or hard of hearing;" for "or individuals who are hard of hearing." in par. (4), and struck out "the provisions of" before "section 4353" in par. (8).

1992—Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 102–421, §111(1), struck out ", who on August 4, 1986, shall include those individuals serving as nonpublic members of the Board of Trustees of Gallaudet College immediately prior to August 4, 1986," after "elected by the Board of Trustees".

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 102–421, §111(2)(A), inserted "(including the construction of buildings and other facilities)" after "corporation".

Subsec. (b)(4), (6). Pub. L. 102–421, §111(2)(B), (C), amended pars. (4) and (6) generally. Prior to amendment, pars. (4) and (6) read as follows:

"(4) appoint a president, professors, instructors, and other necessary employees for Gallaudet University, delegate to them such duties as it may deem advisable, fix their compensation, and remove them when, in their judgment, the interest of Gallaudet University shall require it;

"(6) establish such departments and other units, including a department of higher learning for the deaf, a department of elementary education for the instruction of deaf children, a graduate department, and a research department, as the Board deems necessary to carry out the purpose of Gallaudet University;".

Subsec. (b)(8). Pub. L. 102–421, §101(c), made technical amendment to reference to section 4353 of this title to reflect change in reference to corresponding section of original act.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–421 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 161 of Pub. L. 102–421, set out as a note under section 4301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 3912 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 52: EDUCATION FOR ECONOMIC SECURITY / Subchapter I: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION / Section 3912: Functional objectives; uses of funds
Functional objectives; uses of funds
Status: in_force

(a) In carrying out its science and engineering education responsibilities, the Foundation shall have the following functional objectives: public understanding of science and technology, faculty enhancement, student education and training, instructional development and instrumentation, and materials development and dissemination.

(b) Funds under this subchapter shall, consistent with such functional objectives, be used for—

(1) enhancement of public understanding of science and engineering through informal education activities using a variety of mediums such as broadcasting, museums, clubs, and amateur science societies;

(2) development of new science and engineering faculty resources and talents;

(3) enhancement of the quality of science and engineering instruction in colleges of teacher education;

(4) development of four-year college faculty and instructors in high technology fields;

(5) development of two-year community college faculty and instructors especially in high technology fields;

(6) development of precollege mathematics, science and engineering education and training;

(7) encouragement of potential students, including underrepresented and underserved populations, to pursue careers in mathematics, science, engineering, and critical foreign languages;

(8) development of instructional instrumentation and systems for postsecondary technical, engineering, and scientific education; and

(9) development of science, engineering, and education networks to aid in the development and dissemination of successful curricula, methods, and materials.

(Pub. L. 98–377, title I, §102, as added Pub. L. 99–159, title II, §201, Nov. 22, 1985, 99 Stat. 894.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 3912, Pub. L. 98–377, title I, §102, Aug. 11, 1984, 98 Stat. 1268, related to submission, contents, etc., of applications, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by section 201 of Pub. L. 99–159.
20 U.S.C. § 3801 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 51: ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION BLOCK GRANT / Subchapter I: FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO MEET SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN / Section 3801: Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title I, §1003(a), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293
Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title I, §1003(a), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293
Status: repealed

Section 3801, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §552, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 464, set out declaration of policy for program of financial assistance to meet the special educational needs of disadvantaged children.

Section 3802, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §553, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 464, related to duration of assistance.

Section 3803, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §554(a)–(c), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 464, related to applicability of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.

Section 3804, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §555, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 465; Pub. L. 98–211, §1, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1412; Pub. L. 98–312, §5, June 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 234, related to programs authorized for assistance.

Section 3805, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §556, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 465; Pub. L. 98–211, §§2–4, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1412–1414, related to approval of applications.

Section 3806, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §557, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 466; Pub. L. 98–211, §5, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1415, related to participation of children in private schools.

Section 3807, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §558, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 468; Pub. L. 98–211, §§6–8, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1415, related to general provisions for program of financial assistance to meet the special educational needs of disadvantaged children.

Section 3808, Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §559, as added Pub. L. 98–211, §22, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1418, related to national assessment of compensatory education assistance.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1988, see section 6303 of Pub. L. 100–297, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 1071 of this title.

Short Title

Pub. L. 97–35, title V, §551, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 463, provided that subtitle D [§§551 to 596] of title V of Pub. L. 97–35 was to be cited as the "Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981", prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–297, title I, §1003(a), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 293.
20 U.S.C. § 1067g (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 28: HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE / Subchapter III: INSTITUTIONAL AID / Section 1067g: Eligibility for grants
Eligibility for grants
Status: in_force

Eligibility to receive grants under this part is limited to—

(1) public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education that—

(A) award baccalaureate degrees; and

(B) are minority institutions;

(2) public or private nonprofit institutions of higher education that—

(A) award associate degrees; and

(B) are minority institutions that—

(i) have a curriculum that includes science or engineering subjects; and

(ii) enter into a partnership with public or private nonprofit institutions of higher education that award baccalaureate degrees in science and engineering;

(3) nonprofit science-oriented organizations, professional scientific societies, and institutions of higher education that award baccalaureate degrees, that—

(A) provide a needed service to a group of minority institutions; or

(B) provide in-service training for project directors, scientists, and engineers from minority institutions;

(4) consortia of organizations, that provide needed services to one or more minority institutions, the membership of which may include—

(A) public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education which have a curriculum in science or engineering;

(B) institutions of higher education that have a graduate or professional program in science or engineering;

(C) research laboratories of, or under contract with, the Department of Energy, the Department of Defense, or the National Institutes of Health;

(D) relevant offices of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Science Foundation, and National Institute of Standards and Technology;

(E) quasi-governmental entities that have a significant scientific or engineering mission; or

(F) institutions of higher education that have State-sponsored centers for research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; or

(5) only with respect to grants under subpart 2, partnerships of organizations, the membership of which shall include—

(A) at least one institution of higher education eligible for assistance under this subchapter or subchapter V;

(B) at least one high-need local educational agency (as defined in section 1021 of this title); and

(C) at least two community organizations or entities, such as businesses, professional associations, community-based organizations, philanthropic organizations, or State agencies.

(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, §361, formerly title X, §1041, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, §1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1564; renumbered title III, §361, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§301(a)(5), (7), (b), (c)(9), 307(b), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637, 1648; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, §315(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3184.)

Editorial Notes

Codification

Section was formerly classified to section 1135d of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.

Amendments

2008—Par. (3)(B). Pub. L. 110–315, §315(b)(1), struck out "or" at end.

Par. (4)(A). Pub. L. 110–315, §315(b)(2)(A), substituted "public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education" for "institutions of higher education".

Par. (4)(C). Pub. L. 110–315, §315(b)(2)(B), inserted ", the Department of Defense, or the National Institutes of Health" before the semicolon.

Par. (4)(D). Pub. L. 110–315, §315(b)(2)(C), added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: "private organizations that have science or engineering facilities; or".

Par. (4)(F). Pub. L. 110–315, §315(b)(2)(D), (E), added subpar. (F).

Par. (5). Pub. L. 110–315, §315(b)(3), added par. (5).

1998—Pub. L. 105–244, §307(b), amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Eligibility to receive grants under this part is limited to—

"(1) public and private nonprofit institutions that are minority institutions (as defined in section 1067k(3) of this title); and

"(2) nonprofit science-oriented organizations, professional scientific societies, and all nonprofit, accredited colleges and universities which provide a needed service to a group of eligible minority institutions or which provide in-service training for project directors, scientists, and engineers from eligible minority institutions."

Par. (1). Pub. L. 105–244, §301(c)(9), substituted "section 1067k(3)" for "section 1135d–5(3)".

Pub. L. 105–244, §301(b)(1), inserted "and" after the semicolon.

Par. (2). Pub. L. 105–244, §301(b)(2), substituted a period for "; and".

Par. (3). Pub. L. 105–244, §301(b)(3), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: "for the purposes of section 1135c–1 of this title, public and private nonprofit institutions that have at least 10 percent minority enrollment."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 2533 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 45: CAREER EDUCATION AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT / Subchapter II: GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ACTIVITIES AND PROGRAMS / Section 2533: Administration by unit in Department of Education
Administration by unit in Department of Education
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment; functions

The Secretary of Education shall establish or designate an administrative unit within the Department of Education for purposes of—

(1) carrying out provisions of this subchapter;

(2) providing information regarding guidance and counseling as a profession, guidance and counseling activities of the Federal Government, and, to the extent practicable, activities of State and local programs of guidance and counseling; and

(3) advising the Secretary of Education on coordinating guidance and counseling activities included in all programs which he is authorized to carry out, and, to the extent he deems practicable, how such activities may be coordinated with other programs of the Federal Government and State and local guidance and counseling programs.

(b) Reservation of amount for implementation

The Secretary of Education may reserve an amount not to exceed 5 per centum of the sums appropriated under this subchapter to carry out the provisions of this section.

(Pub. L. 94–482, title III, §343, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2225; Pub. L. 95–43, §1(b)(8), June 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 219; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §301(a)(1), (b)(2), title V, §507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677, 678, 692.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1977—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 95–43 substituted "this subchapter" for "this section".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 30 days after Oct. 12, 1976, except either as specifically otherwise provided or, if not so specifically otherwise provided, effective July 1, 1976, where section provides for authorization of appropriations, see section 532 of Pub. L. 94–482, set out as an Effective Date of 1976 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

"Secretary of Education" and "Department of Education" substituted in text for "Commissioner" and "Education Division", respectively, pursuant to sections 301(a)(1), (b)(2) and 507 of Pub. L. 96–88, which are classified to sections 3441(a)(1), (b)(2) and 3507 of this title and which transferred functions of Commissioner of Education to Secretary of Education and transferred Education Division to Department of Education.

For authority of Secretary of Education to consolidate, alter, or discontinue the administrative unit for guidance and counseling programs, or to reallocate any functions vested by statute in the administrative unit, see section 413 of Pub. L. 96–88, which is classified to section 3473 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 76b (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 3: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES / Subchapter IV: SMITHSONIAN GALLERY OF ART / Section 76b: Functions of Regents
Functions of Regents
Status: in_force

(a) Solicitation of construction funds

The Regents are authorized to solicit and receive subscriptions of funds from private sources for the purposes specified in this subsection. Funds so received shall be placed in a special deposit account with the Treasurer of the United States, and may be expended by the Regents to meet the cost of the construction of the building, including furnishings and equipment thereof, to obtain necessary drawings and specifications, make necessary surveys and estimates of cost, defray necessary administrative expenses, and secure other needful services.

(b) Construction of building

The Regents may, subject to the approval of the President, authorize the preparation of the site and the construction of the building, including approaches and landscaping of the grounds: Provided, That the Administrator of General Services shall supervise the preparation of the plans and specifications, make all necessary contracts, and supervise construction.

(c) Name of building; supervision and control

The name of the building shall be the Smithsonian Gallery of Art (hereinafter referred to as the "Gallery"), and it shall be under the supervision and control of the Regents and the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

(May 17, 1938, ch. 238, §3, 52 Stat. 400; 1939 Reorg. Plan No. I, §§301, 303, eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2729, 53 Stat. 1426, 1427; June 30, 1949, ch. 288, title I, §103, 63 Stat. 380.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transfer of Functions

Functions of Federal Works Agency and of all agencies thereof, together with functions of Federal Works Administrator, transferred to Administrator of General Services, and Federal Works Agency and office of Federal Works Administrator abolished by section 103 of act June 30, 1949. See Historical and Revision Notes under section 303(b) of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works. Section 303(b) of Title 40 was amended generally by Pub. L. 109–313, §2(a)(1), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1734, and, as so amended, no longer relates to the Federal Works Agency and Commissioner of Public Buildings. See 2006 Amendment note under section 303 of Title 40.

Executive Documents

Transfer of Functions

Functions of Director of Procurement relating to selection of location and sites of public buildings transferred to Federal Works Administrator by Reorg. Plan No. I of 1939, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
20 U.S.C. § 9133 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 72: MUSEUM AND LIBRARY SERVICES / Subchapter II: LIBRARY SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGY / Section 9133: Payments; Federal share; and maintenance of effort requirements
Payments; Federal share; and maintenance of effort requirements
Status: in_force

(a) Payments

Subject to appropriations provided pursuant to section 9123 of this title, the Director shall pay to each State library administrative agency having a State plan approved under section 9134 of this title the Federal share of the cost of the activities described in the State plan.

(b) Federal share

(1) In general

The Federal share shall be 66 percent.

(2) Non-Federal share

The non-Federal share of payments shall be provided from non-Federal, State, or local sources.

(c) Maintenance of effort

(1) State expenditures

(A) Requirement

(i) In general

The amount otherwise payable to a State for a fiscal year pursuant to an allotment under this part shall be reduced if the level of State expenditures, as described in paragraph (2), for the previous fiscal year is less than the average of the total of such expenditures for the 3 fiscal years preceding that previous fiscal year. The amount of the reduction in the allotment for any fiscal year shall be equal to the allotment multiplied by a fraction—

(I) the numerator of which is the result obtained by subtracting the level of such State expenditures for the fiscal year for which the determination is made, from the average of the total level of such State expenditures for the 3 fiscal years preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made; and

(II) the denominator of which is the average of the total level of such State expenditures for the 3 fiscal years preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made.

(ii) Calculation

Any decrease in State expenditures resulting from the application of subparagraph (B) shall be excluded from the calculation of the average level of State expenditures for any 3-year period described in clause (i).

(B) Decrease in Federal support

If the amount made available under this subchapter for a fiscal year is less than the amount made available under this subchapter for the preceding fiscal year, then the expenditures required by subparagraph (A) for such preceding fiscal year shall be decreased by the same percentage as the percentage decrease in the amount so made available.

(2) Level of State expenditures

The level of State expenditures for the purposes of paragraph (1) shall include all State dollars expended by the State library administrative agency for library programs that are consistent with the purposes of this subchapter. All funds included in the maintenance of effort calculation under this subsection shall be expended during the fiscal year for which the determination is made, and shall not include capital expenditures, special one-time project costs, or similar windfalls.

(3) Waiver

The Director may waive the requirements of paragraph (1) if the Director determines that such a waiver would be equitable due to exceptional or uncontrollable circumstances such as a natural disaster or a precipitous and unforeseen decline in the financial resources of the State.

(Pub. L. 94–462, title II, §223, as added Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(e) [title VII, §702], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–299; amended Pub. L. 105–128, §5, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2549.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1997—Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(i). Pub. L. 105–128 amended second sentence generally. Prior to amendment, second sentence read as follows: "The amount of the reduction in allotment for any fiscal year shall be equal to the amount by which the level of such State expenditures for the fiscal year for which the determination is made is less than the average of the total of such expenditures for the 3 fiscal years preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made."
20 U.S.C. § 5202 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 63: EISENHOWER EXCHANGE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM / Section 5202: Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program Trust Fund
Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program Trust Fund
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment

There is established in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program Trust Fund (hereinafter in this chapter referred to as the "fund"). The fund shall consist of amounts authorized to be appropriated under section 5204 of this title.

(b) Investment in interest-bearing obligations

It shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to invest in full amounts appropriated to the fund. Such investments may be made only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interests 1 by the United States. For such purpose, such obligations may be acquired (1) on original issue at the issue price, or (2) by purchase of outstanding obligations at the market price. The purposes for which obligations of the United States may be issued under chapter 31 of title 31, are hereby extended to authorize the issuance at par of special obligations exclusively to the fund. Such special obligations shall bear interest at a rate equal to the average rate of interest, computed as to the end of the calendar month next preceding the date of such issue borne by all marketable interest-bearing obligations of the United States then forming a part of the public debt; except that where such average rate is not a multiple of one-eighth of 1 percent, the rate of interest of such special obligations shall be the multiple of one-eighth of 1 percent next lower than such average rate. Such special obligations shall be issued only if the Secretary determines that the purchase of other interest-bearing obligations of the United States, or of obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States or original issue or at the market price, is not in the public interest.

(c) Sale and redemption of obligations

Any obligation acquired by the fund (except special obligations issued exclusively to the fund) may be sold by the Secretary of the Treasury at the market price, and such special obligations may be redeemed at par plus accrued interest.

(d) Credit to fund of interest and proceeds of sale or redemption

The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the fund shall be credited to and form a part of the fund.

(Pub. L. 101–454, §3, Oct. 24, 1990, 104 Stat. 1063.)

1 So in original. Probably should be "interest".
20 U.S.C. § 3385 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 47: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter IX: GENERAL PROVISIONS / Section 3385: Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title V, §5352(2), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 414
Repealed. Pub. L. 100-297, title V, §5352(2), Apr. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 414
Status: repealed

Section, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §1005, formerly title VIII, §810, as added Pub. L. 92–318, title IV, §421(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 339; amended Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, §§631(a), 632(a), Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 585, 586; renumbered title IX, §1005, and amended Pub. L. 95–561, title VIII, §801(1), (2), title XI, §§1141(a), 1150(a)–(e), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2284, 2328, 2331–2333; renumbered title X, §1005, and amended Pub. L. 96–46, §§1(21), 2(a)(1), Aug. 6, 1979, 93 Stat. 339, 340; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, §301(a)(1), title V, §507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677, 692; Pub. L. 98–511, title V, §513(c), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2400, related to improvement of educational opportunities for Indian students.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective July 1, 1988, see section 6303 of Pub. L. 100–297, set out as an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 1071 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 8191 (2024) — Title 20: EDUCATION / Chapter 70: STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS / Subchapter X: PROGRAMS OF NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE / Section 8191: Repealed. Pub. L. 107-110, title X, §1011(5)(A), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1986
Repealed. Pub. L. 107-110, title X, §1011(5)(A), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1986
Status: repealed

Section 8191, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10731, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3842, authorized grants for fellowships.

Section 8192, Pub. L. 89–10, title X, §10732, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3843, related to applications.