D.C. Code § 16-1352 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 13 / § 16-1352
§ 16-1352. Condemnation proceedings by Attorney General.
Status: in_force

When, for the purposes specified by section 16-1351  , it is deemed necessary or advantageous to do so, the acquiring authority may acquire real property in the District of Columbia in the name of the United States by condemnation under judicial process. The Attorney General of the United States, upon the request of the acquiring authority, shall institute a proceeding for the condemnation of the property in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.
D.C. Code § 16-2824 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 28 / § 16-2824
§ 16-2824. Attendance at mediation session.
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the term “a representative with settlement authority” means an individual with control of the financial settlement resources for the case and the authority to pledge those resources to settle the case on behalf of a party.
(b) All parties shall personally attend mediation sessions.
(c) If a party is not an individual, a representative with settlement authority for the party shall attend the mediation session.
(d) In cases involving an insurance company, a representative of the company with settlement authority shall attend the mediation session.
(e) Attorneys representing each party with primary responsibility for the case shall attend the mediation session.
D.C. Code § 16-1155 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1155
§ 16-1155. Restoration of property to life tenant.
Status: in_force

The possession of real property that has been awarded to a petitioner pursuant to this subchapter, upon the presumption of the death of the person upon whose life the prior estate depends, shall be restored, by an order of the court, to the person evicted, or to his heirs, or legal representatives, upon the petition of the latter, and proof, to the satisfaction of the court, that the person presumed to be dead is living. The proceedings upon such a petition are the same as those prescribed by this subchapter to be followed upon the petition of the person to whom possession is awarded.
D.C. Code § 16-809 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 8 / § 16-809
§ 16-809. Savings provision.
Status: in_force

This chapter shall not supersede any other provision of the District of Columbia Official Code providing for the expungement, sealing, or setting aside of criminal citations, arrests, charges, or convictions.
D.C. Code § 16-1702 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 17 / § 16-1702
§ 16-1702. Recovery of losses at gaming.
Status: in_force

(a) A person who, at any time or sitting, by playing at cards, dice or any other game, or by betting on the sides or hands of persons who play, loses to a person so playing or betting, a sum of money, or other valuable thing, amounting to $25 or more, and pays or delivers the money or thing, or any part thereof, may, within three months after the payment or delivery, sue for and recover the money, goods or other valuable thing, so lost and paid or delivered, or any part thereof, or the full value thereof, by a civil action, from the winner thereof, with costs. If the person who loses the money or other thing, does not, within three months actually and bona fide, and without collusion, sue, and with effect prosecute, therefor, any person may sue for, and recover treble the value of the money, goods, chattels, and other things, with costs of suit, by a civil action against the winner, one-half to the use of the plaintiff, the remainder to the use of the District of Columbia.
(b) Subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to commercial bingo authorized by [subchapter I of Chapter 6 of Title 36] .
(c) As of May 3, 2019, subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to sports wagering authorized by [subchapter II of Chapter 6 of Title 36] .
(d) As of April 27, 2021, subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to games of skill authorized by [subchapter III of Chapter 6 of Title 36]
D.C. Code § 16-702 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 7 / § 16-702
§ 16-702. Prosecution by indictment or information.
Status: in_force

An offense prosecuted in the Superior Court which may be punished by death shall be prosecuted by indictment returned by a grand jury. An offense which may be punished by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year shall be prosecuted by indictment, but it may be prosecuted by information if the defendant, after he has been advised of the nature of the charge and of his rights, waives in open court prosecution by indictment. Any other offense may be prosecuted by indictment or by information. An information subscribed by the proper prosecuting officer may be filed without leave of court.
D.C. Code § 16-4504 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 45 / § 16-4504
§ 16-4504. Notice and opportunity to be heard.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-5305 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 53 / § 16-5305
§ 16-5305. Required medium.
Status: in_force

If a law of the District of Columbia requires that a sworn declaration be presented in a particular medium, an unsworn declaration shall be presented in that medium.
D.C. Code § 16-712 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 7 / § 16-712
§ 16-712. Community service.
Status: in_force

(a) In criminal cases in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, the court may, in addition to any other sentence imposed, require a person convicted of any offense as a condition of probation or as a sentence itself, to undertake reasonable services to the community for a period not to exceed 5 years in duration.
(b) When community service is ordered, the court shall take into consideration the physical and mental health of the defendant, his or her age, education, employment and vocational training, family circumstances, financial condition, and any other factors as shall be appropriate.
(c) The court shall fix the manner of performing community service.
(d) At any time during the probation period or period of community service, the defendant may request and the court may grant a hearing on any matter related to the plan of community service.
D.C. Code § [16-2399.09] — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § [16-2399.09]
§ [16-2399.09]. Additional available remedies.
Status: in_force

(a) Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prevent:
  (1) A proposed guardian or vulnerable youth from seeking any other remedy or protections available under District law; or
  (2) The court from issuing judicial determinations similar to those in §16-2399.07(b) in any other proceeding concerning a noncitizen under age 18.
D.C. Code § 16-713 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 7 / § 16-713
§ 16-713. Alien sentencing.
Status: in_force

(a) Prior to acceptance of a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to any offense punishable as a crime, the court shall administer the following advisement on the record to the defendant:
“If you are not a citizen of the United States, you are advised that conviction of the offense for which you have been charged may have the consequences of deportation, exclusion from admission to the United States, or denial of naturalization pursuant to the laws of the United States.”
(b) Upon request, the court shall allow the defendant a reasonable amount of additional time to consider the appropriateness of the plea in light of the advisement. If the court fails to advise the defendant as required by subsection (a) and the defendant shows that conviction of the offense to which the defendant pleaded guilty or nolo contendere may have the consequences for the defendant of deportation, exclusion from the United States, or denial of naturalization pursuant to the laws of the United States, the court, on defendant’s motion, shall vacate the judgment and permit the defendant to withdraw the plea of guilty or nolo contendere, and enter a plea of not guilty. Absent a record that the court provided the advisement required by subsection (a), the defendant shall be presumed not to have received the required advisement.
D.C. Code § 16-1024 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 10 / § 16-1024
§ 16-1024. Penalties.
Status: in_force

(a) A person who violates any provision of § 16-1022 and who takes the child to a place within the District, or detains or conceals the child within the District of Columbia is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to fine not exceeding $250 or performance of community service not exceeding 240 hours, or both.
(b) A person who violates any provision of § 16-1022 and who takes the child to a place outside the District or detains or conceals the child outside the District shall be punished as follows:
  (1) If the child is out of the custody of the lawful custodian for not more than 30 days, the person is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to a fine not more than the amount set forth in [ § 22-3571.01 ] or imprisonment for 6 months, or both, except that if the person releases the child without injury in a safe place prior to arrest, the person is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $250, or performance of community service not exceeding 240 hours, or imprisonment not exceeding 30 days, or a combination of all three.
  (2) If the child is out of the custody of the lawful custodian for more than 30 days, the person is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to a fine of not more than the amount set forth in [ § 22-3571.01 ] or imprisonment for 1 year, or both, except that if the person releases the child without injury in a safe place prior to arrest, the person is guilty of a misdemeanor and, on conviction, is subject to a fine not more than the amount set forth in [ § 22-3571.01 ] or imprisonment not exceeding 60 days, or both.
D.C. Code § 16-917 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-917
§ 16-917. Co-respondents as defendants; service of process.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-4319 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 43 / § 16-4319
§ 16-4319. Construction.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-2337 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2337
§ 16-2337. Additional powers of the Director of Social Services.
Status: in_force

In addition to the powers and duties prescribed in section 11-1722  , the Director of Social Services shall have power to take into custody and place in detention or shelter care, in accordance with this subchapter, children who are under his supervision as delinquent or in need of supervision, children on probation and under the Director’s supervision, when the Director has reasonable cause to believe they have violated one or more conditions of their probation, or children who have run away from agencies or institutions to which they were committed under this subchapter.
D.C. Code § 16-2827 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 28 / § 16-2827
§ 16-2827. Confidentiality.
Status: in_force

(a) The mediation session shall be confidential. All proceedings at the mediation, including any statement made by any party, attorney, or other participant, shall be privileged and shall not be construed as an admission against interest. Any statement at such proceedings shall not be used in court in connection with the case or any other litigation. A party shall not be bound by anything said or done at the mediation unless a settlement is reached.
(b) A mediator shall not be compelled to provide evidence of a mediation communication in any subsequent trial.
D.C. Code § 16-2305 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2305
§ 16-2305. Petition; contents; amendment.
Status: in_force

(a) Complaints alleging delinquency or need of supervision shall be referred to the Director of Social Services, and complaints alleging neglect shall be referred to the Director of the Child and Family Services Agency, each of whom shall conduct a preliminary inquiry to determine whether the best interests of the child or the public require that a petition be filed. If judicial action appears warranted, under intake criteria established by rule of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, the Director of Social Services, or the Director of the Agency shall recommend that a petition be filed. If the Director of Social Services, in the case of a complaint alleging delinquency or need of supervision, decides not to recommend the filing of a petition, the complainant shall have a right to have that decision reviewed by the Corporation Counsel. The Director of Social Services, in the case of a complaint alleging delinquency or need of supervision, shall notify the complainant of such right of review. Complaints alleging neglect submitted by the Agency shall be referred directly to the Corporation Counsel of the District of Columbia.
(b) Petitions initiating judicial action may be signed by any person who has knowledge of the facts alleged or, being informed of them, believes they are true, except that petitions alleging need of supervision may only be signed by the Director of Social Services, a representative of a public agency or a nongovernmental agency licensed and authorized to care for children, a representative of a public or private agency providing social service for families, a school official, or a law enforcement officer. Petitions shall be verified and verification may be upon information or belief.
(c) (1) Each petition shall be prepared by the Corporation Counsel after an inquiry into the facts and a determination of the legal basis for the petition. If the Director of Social Services has refused to recommend the filing of a delinquency petition, or if the Director of the Agency has refused to recommend the filing of a neglect petition, the Corporation Counsel, on request of the complainant, shall review the facts presented and shall prepare and file a petition if he believes such action is necessary to protect the community or the interests of the child. Any decision of the Corporation Counsel on whether to file a petition shall be final.
  (2) Where the delinquency petition filed by the Corporation Counsel is the 3rd petition filed against a child and the child is 13 years old or younger, the Child and Family Services Agency shall institute a child neglect investigation against the parent, guardian, or custodian of the child.
(d) A petition shall be filed by the Corporation Counsel within seven days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays) after the complaint has been referred to the Director of Social Services, except as otherwise provided in section 16-2312. A petition shall set forth plainly and concisely the facts which give the Division jurisdiction of the child under section 11-1101(13). In delinquency cases the petition shall also state the specific statute or ordinance on which the charge is based. If delinquency or need of supervision is alleged, a statement shall be included in the petition that the child appears to be in need of care or rehabilitation. The petition shall contain such other facts and information as may be required by rules of the Superior Court.
(e) A petition may be amended by leave of the Division on motion of the Corporation Counsel or counsel for the child, at any time prior to the conclusion of the factfinding hearing. The Division shall grant the Corporation Counsel, the child, and his parent, guardian, or custodian notice of the amendment and, where necessary, additional time to prepare.
(f) The District of Columbia shall be a party to all proceedings under this subchapter.
D.C. Code § 16-1502a — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 15 / § 16-1502a
§ 16-1502a. Protective orders and court registry payments.
Status: in_force

(a) Any party to a case for restitution of possession based on nonpayment of rent may move for the entry of a protective order that prospectively requires the defendant to deposit the rent payment, in the monthly amount required by the rent ledger, lease, rental agreement, or rental agreement addenda, into the court's registry, in regular monthly intervals, through the conclusion of the case.
(b) Parties may enter into, vacate, or modify protective orders by consent with the approval of the court at any time.
(c) If a motion for a protective order is made, the court shall address the motion as follows:
  (1) The court shall inform the defendant of common protective order defenses that may justify a reduction in protective order monthly amounts, including current violations of the housing code and disputes over the calculation of the monthly rent amount asserted in the complaint. The court shall inform the defendant of the possible consequences of knowingly asserting baseless defenses.
  (2) The court shall issue a preliminary protective order for the monthly rent amount required by the rent ledger, lease, rental agreement, or rental agreement addenda after the initial motion and shall schedule a hearing thereafter on any alleged current violations of the housing code or other defenses that may merit an adjustment to the preliminary protective order. In determining the amount of the preliminary protective order, the court is not required to conduct an evidentiary proceeding, but may in its discretion consider evidence that the parties are prepared to present, including whether there is any dispute regarding the plaintiff's assertion of the monthly rent amount.
D.C. Code § 16-4601.01 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4601.01
§ 16-4601.01. Definitions.
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this chapter, the term:
(1) “Abandoned” means left without provision for reasonable and necessary care or supervision.
(2) “Child” means an individual who has not attained 18 years of age.
(3) “Child-custody determination” means a judgment, decree, or other order of a court providing for the legal custody, physical custody, or visitation with respect to a child. The term includes a permanent, temporary, initial, and modification order. The term does not include an order relating to child support or other monetary obligation of an individual.
(4) “Child-custody proceeding” means a proceeding in which legal custody, physical custody, or visitation with respect to a child is an issue. The term includes a proceeding for divorce, separation, neglect, abuse, dependency, guardianship, adoption, paternity, termination of parental rights, and protection from domestic violence, in which the issue may appear. The term does not include a proceeding involving juvenile delinquency, contractual emancipation, or enforcement under subchapter III of this chapter .
(5) “Commencement” means the filing of the first pleading in a proceeding.
(6) “Court” means an entity authorized under the law of a state to establish, enforce, or modify a child-custody determination.
(7) “District” means the District of Columbia.
(8) “Home state” means the state in which a child lived with a parent or a person acting as a parent for at least 6 consecutive months immediately before the commencement of a child-custody proceeding. In the case of a child less than 6 months of age, the term means the state in which the child lived from birth with any of the persons mentioned. A period of temporary absence of any of the mentioned persons is part of the period.
(9) “Initial determination” means the first child-custody determination concerning a particular child.
(10) “Issuing court” means the court that makes a child-custody determination for which enforcement is sought under this chapter.
(11) “Issuing state” means the state in which a child-custody determination is made.
(12) “Modification” means a child-custody determination that changes, replaces, supersedes, or is otherwise made after a previous determination concerning the same child, whether or not it is made by the court that made the previous determination.
(13) “Person” means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity.
(14) “Person acting as a parent” means a person, other than a parent, who:
  (A) Has physical custody of the child or has had physical custody for a period of 6 consecutive months, including any temporary absence, within one year immediately before the commencement of a child-custody proceeding; and
  (B) Has been awarded legal custody by a court or claims a right to legal custody under the law of the District.
(15) “Physical custody” means the physical care and supervision of a child.
(16) “State” means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
(17) “Warrant” means an order issued by a court authorizing law enforcement officers to take physical custody of a child.
D.C. Code § 16-2386 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2386
§ 16-2386. Notice.
Status: in_force

(a) When a motion for permanent guardianship is filed, the court shall promptly set a time for an adjudicatory hearing and shall cause notice thereof to be given to all parties.
(b) The court shall direct the issuance to and personal service upon the child’s parents of a summons and a copy of the motion for permanent guardianship.
(c) When it is appropriate to the proper disposition of the case, the court may direct the service of a summons upon other persons.
(d) If personal service under this section cannot be effected, then notice shall be made constructively pursuant to rules of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
D.C. Code § 16-509 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-509
§ 16-509. Attachment of personal property; undertaking by defendant or person in possession.
Status: in_force

(a) An attachment shall be levied upon personal chattels by the officer taking them into his possession and custody, unless the defendant gives the officer his undertaking to be filed in the cause, with sufficient security, substantially in the form set forth in subsection (b) of this section, or unless the person in whose possession the property is attached gives the officer his undertaking to be filed in the cause substantially in the form set forth in subsection (c) of this section. In cases where such undertakings are given, the attachment is sufficiently levied by the taking of the undertaking.
(b) An undertaking by the defendant shall contain the substance of the following form:
A B, plaintiff,
versus          Civil Action No. _____.
C D, defendant.
The defendant and __, his surety, in consideration of the discharge from the custody of the marshal of the property seized by him, upon the attachment sued out against the defendant, on the __ day of ____, anno Domini nineteen hundred __, in the above entitled cause, appear, and submitting to the jurisdiction of the court, hereby undertake, for themselves and each of them, their and each of their heirs, executors, and administrators, or successors or assigns, to abide by and perform the judgment of the court in the premises in relation to the property, which judgment may be rendered against any or all the parties whose names are hereto signed.
(Signed)  C D.
E F.
An undertaking by the person in whose possession the property is attached shall contain the substance of the following form:
A B, plaintiff,
versus          Civil Action No. _____.
C D, defendant.
Whereas by virtue of an attachment issued in the above-entitled suit, the United States marshal for the District of Columbia has attached certain property in the hands of the undersigned E F, as garnishee, namely, (here describe) of the value of ____ dollars; and now, therefore, E F and G H, as surety, appearing in the action, and submitting to the jurisdiction of the court, hereby undertake for themselves and each of them, their and each of their heirs, executors, and administrators to abide by the judgment of the court in relation to said property, and that if the same shall be condemned to satisfy the claim of the plaintiff, judgment may be rendered against all the undersigned for the value of the property and costs, to be executed against them, and each of them, unless the property shall be forthcoming to satisfy the judgment of condemnation.
(Signed)  E F.
G H.
The recital of the undertaking in this subsection shall contain a sufficient description of the property and its value ascertained by an appraisement to be made under direction of the officer and returned with the writ.
D.C. Code § 16-1156 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1156
§ 16-1156. Recovery of profits by person evicted.
Status: in_force

A person evicted, as prescribed by this subchapter, may, when the presumption upon which he is evicted is erroneous, maintain a civil action against the person who has occupied the property, or his executor or administrator, to recover the full profits of the property during the occupation, while the person, upon whose life the prior estate depends, is or was living.
D.C. Code § 16-4603.05 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4603.05
§ 16-4603.05. Registration of child-custody determination.
Status: in_force

(a) A child-custody determination issued by a court of another state may be registered in the District, with or without a simultaneous request for enforcement, by sending to the Superior Court of the District of Columbia:
  (1) A letter or other document requesting registration;
  (2) Two copies, including one certified copy, of the determination sought to be registered, and a statement under penalty of perjury that to the best of the knowledge and belief of the person seeking registration the order has not been modified; and
  (3) Except as otherwise provided in § 16-4602.9 , the name and address of the person seeking registration and of any parent or person acting as a parent who has been awarded custody or visitation in the child-custody determination sought to be registered.
(b) On receipt of the documents required by subsection (a) of this section, the registering court shall:
  (1) Cause the determination to be filed as a foreign judgment, together with one copy of any accompanying documents and information, regardless of their form; and
  (2) Serve notice upon the persons named pursuant to subsection (a)(3) of this section and provide them with an opportunity to contest the registration in accordance with this section.
(c) The notice required by subsection (b)(2) of this section must state that:
  (1) A registered determination is enforceable as of the date of the registration in the same manner as a determination issued by a court of the District;
  (2) A hearing to contest the validity of the registered determination must be requested within 20 days after service of the notice; and
  (3) Failure to contest the registration will result in confirmation of the child-custody determination and preclude further contest of that determination with respect to any matter that could have been asserted.
(d) A person seeking to contest the validity of a registered order must request a hearing within 20 days after service of the notice. At that hearing, the court shall confirm the registered order unless the person contesting registration establishes that:
  (1) The issuing court did not have jurisdiction under subchapter II of this chapter ;
  (2) The child-custody determination sought to be registered has been vacated, stayed, or modified by a court having jurisdiction to do so under subchapter II of this chapter ; or
  (3) The person contesting registration was entitled to notice, but notice was not given in accordance with the standards of § 16-4601.07 , in the proceedings before the court that issued the order for which registration is sought.
(e) If a timely request for a hearing to contest the validity of the registration is not made, the registration is confirmed as a matter of law and the person requesting registration and all persons served must be notified of the confirmation.
(f) Confirmation of a registered order, whether by operation of law or after notice and hearing, precludes further contest of the order with respect to any matter that could have been asserted at the time of registration.
D.C. Code § 16-808 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 8 / § 16-808
§ 16-808. Applicability.
Status: in_force

The sealing and expungement relief available under this chapter shall apply retroactively.
D.C. Code § 16-4514 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 45 / § 16-4514
§ 16-4514. Modification of custody decree of another state.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-3907 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 39 / § 16-3907
§ 16-3907. Judgment; stay; installment payments; enforcement.
Status: in_force

When judgment is to be rendered in an action pursuant to this chapter and the party against whom it is to be entered requests it, the judge shall inquire fully into his earnings and financial status and may stay the entry of judgment, and stay execution, except in cases involving wage claims, and order partial payments in such amounts, over such periods, and upon such terms, as seems just in the circumstances and as will assure a definite and steady reduction of the judgment until it is finally and completely satisfied. Upon a showing that the party has failed to meet an installment payment without just excuse, the stay of execution shall be vacated. When a stay of execution has not been ordered or when a stay of execution has been vacated as provided by this section, the party in whose favor the judgment has been entered may avail himself of all remedies otherwise available in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia for the enforcement of the judgment.
D.C. Code § 16-1302 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 13 / § 16-1302
§ 16-1302. Assignment of judge for condemnation cases.
Status: in_force

The chief judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia shall assign from time to time, and for such periods as he determines, one of the judges of the court to hear cases involving the condemnation of real property in the District of Columbia. In case of the disability of the judge so assigned, or for any other reason, the chief judge may assign any judge of the Court for service in condemnation cases.
D.C. Code § 16-2941 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 29 / § 16-2941
§ 16-2941. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
Status: in_force

This subchapter modifies, limits, and supersedes the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, approved June 30, 2000 (114 Stat. 464; 15 U.S.C. § 7001 et seq.) ("Act"), but shall not be construed to modify, limit, or supersede section 101(c) of the Act, or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in section 103(b) of the Act.
D.C. Code § 16-5301 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 53 / § 16-5301
§ 16-5301. Short title.
Status: in_force

This chapter may be cited as the “Uniform Unsworn Foreign Declarations Act”.
D.C. Code § 16-4602.03 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4602.03
§ 16-4602.03. Jurisdiction to modify determination.
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided in § 16-4602.04 , a court of the District may not modify a child-custody determination made by a court of another state unless a court of the District has jurisdiction to make an initial determination under § 16-4602.01(a)(1) or (2) and:
(1) The court of the other state determines it no longer has exclusive, continuing jurisdiction under § 16-4602.02 or that a court of the District would be a more convenient forum under § 16-4602.07 ; or
(2) A court of the District or a court of the other state determines that the child, the child’s parents, and any person acting as a parent do not presently reside in the other state.
D.C. Code § 16-3707 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 37 / § 16-3707
§ 16-3707. Default.
Status: in_force

If, after notice as provided by section 16-3706  , the defendant fails to appear, the court may proceed as in case of default after personal service.
D.C. Code § 16-4209 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 42 / § 16-4209
§ 16-4209. Participation in mediation.
Status: in_force

(a) An attorney or other individual designated by a mediation party may accompany the party to and participate in a mediation.
(b) A waiver of participation given before the mediation may be rescinded.
D.C. Code § 16-2501 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 25 / § 16-2501
§ 16-2501. Application; persons who may file.
Status: in_force

Whoever, being a resident of the District and desiring a change of name, may file an application in the Superior Court setting forth the reasons therefor and also the name desired to be assumed. If the applicant is an infant, the application shall be filed by his parent, guardian, or next friend.
D.C. Code § 16-909.03 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-909.03
§ 16-909.03. Voluntary paternity acknowledgment program for birthing hospitals.
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the term “birthing hospital” means a hospital that has an obstetric care unit or provides obstetric services, or a birthing center.
(b) (1) Each public and private birthing hospital in the District of Columbia shall operate a program that, immediately before and after the birth of a child, provides to each unmarried woman who gives birth at the hospital and the alleged putative father, if present in the hospital:
    (A) Written materials concerning paternity establishment;
    (B) Forms necessary to acknowledge paternity voluntarily that meet the federal requirements;
    (C) A written and oral description (the oral description may be videotaped or audiotaped) of the alternatives to, the legal consequences of, and the rights and responsibilities that arise from, signing a voluntary acknowledgment of paternity;
    (D) Written notice that a voluntary acknowledgment of paternity is not effectuated unless the mother and putative father each signs the form under oath and a notary authenticates the signatures;
    (E) The opportunity to speak, either by telephone or in person, with hospital or IV-D agency staff who are trained to clarify information and answer questions about paternity establishment;
    (F) Access to the services of a notary on the premises of the birthing hospital; and
    (G) The opportunity to acknowledge paternity voluntarily in the hospital.
  (2) The Mayor shall provide to each birthing hospital the materials described in paragraph (1)(A) through (D) of this subsection, in sufficient amounts to be distributed to each unmarried mother giving birth in the hospital and to each putative father present in the hospital.
(c) The birthing hospital shall transmit each completed voluntary acknowledgment of paternity form to the Registrar of Vital Records within 14 days of completion. The Registrar shall promptly record identifying information from the form and permit the IV-D agency timely access to the identifying information and any other documentation recorded from the form that the IV-D agency needs to determine if a voluntary acknowledgment of paternity has been recorded and to seek a support order on the basis of the recorded voluntary acknowledgment of paternity.
(d) The Mayor shall provide to the staff of each birthing hospital training, guidance, and written instructions necessary to operate the paternity acknowledgment program required by this section.
(e) The Mayor shall assess the program of each birthing hospital each year.
D.C. Code § 16-4318 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 43 / § 16-4318
§ 16-4318. Prospective applicability to agreements.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-4301 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 43 / § 16-4301
§ 16-4301. Validity of arbitration agreement.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-1104 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1104
§ 16-1104. Proof necessary.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided by subsection (b) of this section, in an action of ejectment it is sufficient to entitle the plaintiff to relief to show that he is entitled, as against the defendant, to the immediate possession of the premises claimed, and that the defendant is:
  (1) in possession of the premises, and is holding adversely to the plaintiff; or
  (2) exercising acts of ownership over the premises, adversely to the plaintiff.
(b) In an action pursuant to this chapter by one or more joint tenants or tenants in common against their cotenants, the plaintiff shall be required to prove an actual ouster or some other act amounting to a denial of the plaintiff’s title and his exclusion from the enjoyment of the property.
D.C. Code § 16-4211 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 42 / § 16-4211
§ 16-4211. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
Status: in_force

This chapter modifies, limits, or supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, approved June 30, 2000 (114 Stat. 464; 15 U.S.C. § 7001   et seq.), but this chapter does not modify, limit, or supersede section 101(c) of that act [15 U.S.C. § 7001(c)  ] or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in section 103(b) of that act [15 U.S.C. § 7003(b)  ].
D.C. Code § 16-2330 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2330
§ 16-2330. Time computation.
Status: in_force

(a) In all proceedings in the Division, time limitations shall be reasonably construed by the Division for the protection of the community and of the child.
(b) The following periods shall be excluded in computing the time limits established for proceedings under this subchapter:
  (1) The period of delay resulting from a continuance granted, upon grounds constituting unusual circumstances, at the request or with the consent, in any case, of the child or his counsel, or, in neglect cases, also of the parent, guardian, or custodian.
  (2) The period of delay resulting from other proceedings concerning the child, including but not limited to an examination or hearing on mental health or an intellectual disability and a hearing on a transfer motion.
  (3) The period of delay resulting from a continuance granted at the request of the Corporation Counsel if the continuance is granted because of the unavailability of evidence material to the case, when the Corporation Counsel has exercised due diligence to obtain such evidence and there are reasonable grounds to believe that such evidence will be available at the later date; or if the continuance is granted to allow the Corporation Counsel additional time to prepare his case and additional time is required due to the exceptional circumstances of the case.
  (4) The period of delay resulting from the imposition of a consent decree.
  (5) The period of delay resulting from the absence or unavailability of the child.
  (6) A reasonable period of delay when the child is joined for a hearing with another child as to whom the time for a hearing has not run and there is good cause for not hearing the case separately.
D.C. Code § 16-905 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-905
§ 16-905. Revocation and enlargement of decree of legal separation.
Status: in_force

(a) The court may revoke its decree of legal separation at any time, upon the joint application of the parties to be discharged from the operation of the decree.
(b) The court may enlarge its decree of legal separation to an absolute divorce upon application of the party to whom the decree of legal separation was granted, a copy of which application shall be duly served upon the adverse party, if the court finds on the basis of affidavits that no reconciliation has taken place or is probable and that a separation has continued voluntarily and without interruption for a six-month period or without interruption for a period of one year.
D.C. Code § 16-802 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 8 / § 16-802
§ 16-802. Automatic expungement of criminal records.
Status: in_force

(a) The Court shall order automatic expungement of all criminal records and court proceedings related only to citations, arrests, charges, or convictions for the commission of a criminal offense that has subsequently been decriminalized, legalized, or held to be unconstitutional by the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia or the Supreme Court of the United States, or records related only to simple possession for any quantity of marijuana in violation of § 48-904.01(d)(1) before February 15, 2015, if:
  (1) The case was terminated by the prosecutor or otherwise reached a final disposition; and
  (2) The prosecutor has not:
    (A) Filed a written motion, which may be made ex parte, to:
      (i) Retain and sequester the record for a limited period of time; or
      (ii) Contest that a particular person qualifies for expungement under this section; and
    (B) Demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence that:
      (i) Retention is necessary for a lawful purpose, such as:
        (I) Investigating, prosecuting, or defending another criminal case;
        (II) Complying with disclosure obligations in another criminal case; or
        (III) Determining the person's suitability for diversion, release, sentencing reduction, or record sealing in another case; or
      (ii) The person does not qualify for expungement under this section.
(b) Eligible criminal records and court proceedings related to citation, arrests, charges, and convictions shall be expunged pursuant to subsection (a) of this section by October 1, 2027, or within 90 days after termination of the case by the prosecutor or final disposition, whichever is later.
D.C. Code § 16-2349.01 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2349.01
§ 16-2349.01. Child support pendente lite.
Status: in_force

Upon motion of a party in a parentage or support action or proceeding, the Superior Court shall issue an order of child support pending a determination of parentage if there is clear and convincing evidence of parentage. Evidence of parentage may include a genetic test result that does not create a conclusive presumption of parentage pursuant to section 16-909(b-1)(1)  .
D.C. Code § 16-4602.02 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4602.02
§ 16-4602.02. Exclusive, continuing jurisdiction.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as otherwise provided in § 16-4602.04 , a court of the District which has made a child-custody determination consistent with §§ 16-4602.01 or 16-4602.03 has exclusive, continuing jurisdiction over the determination until:
  (1) A court of the District determines that neither the child, nor the child and one parent, nor the child and any person acting as a parent have a significant connection with the District and that substantial evidence is no longer available in the District concerning the child’s care, protection, training, and personal relationships; or
  (2) A court of the District or a court of another state determines that the child, the child’s parents, and any person acting as a parent do not presently reside in the District.
(b) A court of the District which has made a child-custody determination and does not have exclusive, continuing jurisdiction under this section may modify that determination only if it has jurisdiction to make an initial determination under § 16-4602.01 .
D.C. Code § 16-578 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-578
§ 16-578. Superior Court judgments; lapse; validity.
Status: in_force

An attachment issued by the Superior Court of the District of Columbia upon a judgment of that court duly filed and recorded, and levied within twelve years from the date of the judgment upon the wages due or to become due to the judgment debtor from the employer-garnishee, shall not lapse or become invalid prior to complete satisfaction solely by reason of the expiration of the period of limitation set forth in section 15-101  .
D.C. Code § 16-1361 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 13 / § 16-1361
§ 16-1361. Verdict.
Status: in_force

At the close of the evidence in a proceeding pursuant to this subchapter, the court shall charge the jury and furnish them with a written form to be used in returning their verdict. The members of the jury may separate when not engaged in the consideration of their verdict. When the jury, or a majority thereof, have agreed upon their verdict they shall, through their foreman, so notify the court, which shall thereupon pass an order setting a day for the return of the verdict in open court. The verdict shall be in writing subscribed by the jurors concurring therein, and shall set forth, parcel by parcel, the compensation to be paid for the taking of the lands to be condemned.
D.C. Code § 16-551 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-551
§ 16-551. Defending against the attachment; trial of issues.
Status: in_force

A garnishee or stranger to the action who may make claim to the property attached may file an answer defending against the attachment. The answer may be considered as raising an issue without any reply, and any issue of fact thereby made may be tried with a jury if any party so desires.
D.C. Code § 16-4206 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 42 / § 16-4206
§ 16-4206. Prohibited mediator reports.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as permitted in subsection (b) of this section, a mediator may not make a report, assessment, evaluation, recommendation, finding, or other communication regarding a mediation to a court, administrative agency, arbitrator, or other authority that may make a ruling on the dispute that is the subject of the mediation.
(b) A mediator may disclose:
  (1) Whether the mediation occurred or has terminated, whether a settlement was reached, and attendance;
  (2) A mediation communication as permitted under § 16-4205 ; or
  (3) A mediation communication evidencing abuse, neglect, abandonment, or exploitation of an individual to a public agency responsible for protecting individuals against such mistreatment.
(c) A communication made in violation of subsection (a) of this section may not be considered by a court, administrative agency, arbitrator, or other authority that may make a ruling on the dispute that is the subject of the mediation.
D.C. Code § 16-2396 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2396
§ 16-2396. Support.
Status: in_force

(a) Nothing under this subchapter shall preclude the permanent guardian from receiving money paid for the child’s support to the child’s parent under the terms of any statutory benefit or insurance system or any private contract, settlement, agreement, court order, devise, trust, conservatorship, or custodianship, and money or property of the child.
(b) After due notice to the parent or other persons legally obligated to care for and support the child and after a hearing, the court may order and decree that the parent or other legally obligated person shall pay, in such manner as the court may direct, a reasonable sum that will cover in whole or in part the support and medical treatment of the child after the guardianship order is entered. If the parent or other legally obligated person willfully fails or refuses to pay such sum, the court may proceed against that person for contempt, or may file the order, which shall have the effect of a civil judgment.
D.C. Code § 16-909.05 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-909.05
§ 16-909.05. Mayor authorized to designate other sites for paternity acknowledgment program.
Status: in_force

The Mayor is authorized to establish voluntary paternity establishment services at entities other than hospitals, or the Vital Records Office, by publishing a notice of such location in the D.C. Register. The Mayor may only designate entities that meet the applicable federal requirements and comply with the same requirements that apply to birthing hospitals as set forth in section 16-909.03  .
D.C. Code § 16-2319 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2319
§ 16-2319. Predisposition study and report.
Status: in_force

(a) After a motion for transfer has been filed, or after the Division has made findings pursuant to section 16-2317(c) sustaining the allegations of a petition and, in neglect cases, the conclusion that the child is neglected, the Division shall direct that a predisposition study and report to the Division be made by the Director of Social Services or a qualified agency designated by the Division concerning the child, the child’s family, the child’s environment, and other matters relevant to the need for treatment or disposition of the case. The predisposition report shall include, and take into consideration, any victim impact statement submitted by the victim and the victim’s immediate family members, the Director of Social Services, or by the Corporation Counsel. Except in connection with a hearing on a transfer motion, no predisposition study or report shall be furnished to or considered by the Division prior to completion of the factfinding hearing.
(b) The social investigation and plan for the family prepared pursuant to section 109 of the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect Act of 1977 shall satisfy the requirements of subsection (a) of this section. Such investigation and plan shall be made available to all counsel in the proceedings at least five (5) days prior to the date of trial; provided, however, that the investigation and plan shall not be furnished to or considered by the court prior to the completion of the fact-finding hearing.
(c) (1) The report to the Division in neglect cases shall include, but not be limited to, the following information:
    (A) the specific harms intervention is designed to alleviate;
    (B) the plans for alleviating these harms including specific services, the proposed providers of the services recommended and the actions the parent, guardian, or custodian should take to alleviate these harms, including but not limited to parenting classes and family counseling if the Division orders either service.
    (C) the estimated time in which the goals of intervention may be achieved or in which it will be known that the goals may not be achieved; and
    (D) the criteria to be used to determine that intervention is no longer necessary; and,
  (2) If the removal of the child from his parent, guardian, or custodian is recommended, the report shall also include:
    (A) the recommended type of placement;
    (B) the reasons why the child cannot be protected in his or her home;
    (C) the likely harm the child will suffer as a result of the separation from his or her parent, guardian, or custodian and recommended steps to be taken to minimize this harm; and
    (D) the plans for maintaining contact between the parent and child through visitation rights in order to maximize the parent-child relationship consistent with the well-being of the child.
(d) Following Court Social Services's or the Office of the Attorney General's notice to the Division of its recommendation to commit a child to the Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services ("Department"), and the Department receiving such notice, the Department shall:
  (1) For a child detained or in shelter care pending the disposition hearing:
    (A) Within 10 days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays), perform a validated risk and needs assessment;
    (B) Prior to the predisposition meeting required by subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, make reasonable efforts to notify the child, the child's attorney, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian, a Department representative, a Court Social Services representative, a Child and Family Services Agency representative, if relevant, and any other individual requested by the Department, of the date, time, and location of the predisposition meeting;
    (C) Convene a predisposition meeting to review the validated risk and needs assessment and any information on the child that the Department deems necessary, including evaluations, to begin the development of an individualized rehabilitation plan for the child; provided, that in the event that there are court ordered evaluations that have not been conducted and which the Department has not received prior to the convening of the predisposition meeting, the Department may delay the convening of the predisposition meeting until receipt of the evaluations; and
    (D) No later than 2 days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays) before the dispositional hearing, provide the completed individualized rehabilitation plan to the Division, the Office of the Attorney General, Court Social Services, the child, the child's attorney, and the child's parent, guardian, or custodian.
  (2) For a child in the community pending the disposition hearing:
    (A) Within 10 days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays), perform a validated risk and needs assessment;
    (B) No later than 5 days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays) before the predisposition meeting required by subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, make reasonable efforts to notify the child, the child's attorney, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian, a Department representative, a Court Social Services representative, a Child and Family Services Agency representative, if relevant, and any other individual requested by the Department, of the date, time, and location of the predisposition meeting;
    (C) Within 25 days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays) or when all court ordered evaluations have been conducted and received by the Department, convene a predisposition meeting to review the validated risk and needs assessment and any information on the child that the Department deems necessary, including evaluations, to begin the development of an individualized rehabilitation plan for the child; and
    (D) No later than 2 days (excluding Sundays and legal holidays) before the dispositional hearing, provide the completed individualized rehabilitation plan to the Division, the Office of the Attorney General, Court Social Services, the child, the child's attorney, and the child's parent, guardian, or custodian.
(d-1) For a validated risk and needs assessment required by subsection (d) of this section, the Department shall use a culturally and gender-informed instrument that identifies and evaluates:
  (1) The static and dynamic risk factors that inform the likelihood that the child will continue to engage in delinquent acts or criminal offenses over a specific period of time;
  (2) The protective factors relating to the child or their environment that reduce the likelihood that the child will continue to engage in delinquent acts or criminal offenses over a specific period of time;
  (3) The criminogenic and non-criminogenic needs factors that, if identified, targeted, and properly treated, reduce the likelihood that the child will continue to engage in delinquent acts or criminal offenses over a specific period of time; and
  (4) Any other factors that may bear on the nature, duration, components, and objectives of an individualized rehabilitation plan.
(e) At the predisposition meeting required by subsection (d) of this section, the Department shall:
  (1) Allow the child, the child's attorney, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian, the Department representative, a Court Social Services representative, a Child Family Services Agency representative, if relevant, and any other individual requested by the Department an opportunity to participate; and
  (2) Review all pertinent circumstances in the child's background and shared by participants to begin the development of the individualized rehabilitation plan.
(f) When a child has been adjudicated delinquent and a dispositional order has been entered by the Division under §§ 16-2317 and 16-2320 transferring legal custody of a child to the Department, or a change in placement has been made pursuant to Chapter 12 of Title 29 of the District of Columbia Municipal Regulations (29 DCMR § 1200 et seq. ) or any other provision of law, the Department shall implement the individualized rehabilitation plan required by subsection (d) of this section upon placement.
(g) The Division may, on its own motion, on the motion of any party, or at the request of the Department, for good cause shown, extend the time periods set forth in subsections (d) and (f) of this section for completion of the validated risk and needs assessment and the individualized rehabilitation plan.
D.C. Code § 16-2342.01 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2342.01
§ 16-2342.01. Voluntary acknowledgement of paternity.
Status: in_force

(a) The voluntary acknowledgment of paternity pursuant to section 16-909.01(a)(1) shall:
  (1) Create a conclusive presumption of paternity, consistent with § 16-909.01(b) , which shall be admissible as evidence of paternity, unless the acknowledgement was signed in the District and it is proven that the requirements of § 16-909.01(a)(1) were not fully met; and
  (2) Be recognized as a basis for seeking a child support obligation without requiring any further proceeding to establish paternity.
(b) Judicial or administrative proceedings are not required or permitted to ratify an unchallenged acknowledgment of paternity pursuant to section 16-909.1(a)(1).
(c) The IV-D agency is authorized to obtain voluntary acknowledgments of paternity in a manner that complies with the same requirements that apply to birthing hospitals as set forth in section 16-909.03.
(d) An acknowledgment shall be admissible in any judicial proceeding to determine parentage.
D.C. Code § 16-1908 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 19 / § 16-1908
§ 16-1908. Right of other persons to writ.
Status: in_force

A person entitled to the custody of another person, unlawfully confined or detained by a third person, as a parent, guardian, committee, spouse, or domestic partner, entitled to the custody of a minor child, ward, spouse, or domestic partner, upon application to the court or a judge as provided by this chapter, and showing just cause therefor, under oath, is entitled to a writ of habeas corpus, directed to the person confining or detaining, requiring him forthwith to appear and produce before the court or judge the person so detained, and the same proceedings shall be had in relation thereto as provided for by this chapter. The court or judge, upon hearing the proofs, shall determine which of the contesting parties is entitled to the custody of the person so detained, and commit the custody of the person to the party legally entitled thereto. For the purposes of this section, the term “domestic partner” shall have the same meaning as provided in § 32-701(3) .
D.C. Code § 16-512 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-512
§ 16-512. Attachment and levy upon wages of nonresident.
Status: in_force

An attachment issued under section 16-501   solely on the ground that the defendant is not a resident of the District of Columbia and levied upon wages as defined in section 16-571   shall be subject to the provisions of subchapter III of this chapter ; except that the employer-garnishee shall pay over the wages withheld pursuant to that subchapter only pursuant to the order of the court which has jurisdiction of the case. In applying the provisions of that subchapter to any such attachment, the term “judgment debtor”, as used therein, means the defendant in the case in which the attachment is issued; and the term “judgment creditor”, as used therein, means the plaintiff in such case.
D.C. Code § 16-4805 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 48 / § 16-4805
§ 16-4805. Petition for approval of standby guardianship.
Status: in_force

(a) A petition for court approval of a designation under this chapter may be made at any time by filing with the Court the petition and a copy of the designation.
  (1) If the triggering event has not occurred at or before the time of filing, only the designator may file the petition.
  (2) If the triggering event has occurred at or before the time of filing, the standby guardian or alternate standby guardian named in the designation may file the petition.
(b) The petitioner shall state in the petition, under oath, the following:
  (1) The name and address of the designator;
  (2) The name, address, telephone number, and date of birth of the standby guardian who will obtain or has obtained custody of the child and any alternate standby guardian designated in the designation;
  (3) That the authority of the standby guardian shall become effective upon the earliest occurrence of any one of the following events:
    (A) The designator’s debilitation, with the designator’s acknowledgement of debilitation and written consent to commencement of the standby guardianship;
    (B) Determination of incapacity of the designator;
    (C) The designator’s death; or
    (D) An adverse immigration action against the designator.
  (4) A statement that the designator experienced an adverse immigration action or suffers from a chronic condition caused by injury, disease, or illness from which, to a reasonable degree of probability, the designator may not recover, and the basis for the statement, such as the date and source of medical diagnosis, without requiring the identification of the injury, disease, or illness in question;
  (5) If incapacity is the triggering event, a determination of the designator’s incapacity, signed and dated by the attending clinician;
  (6) If debilitation is the triggering event, the designator’s acknowledgement of the debilitation and consent to commencement of the standby guardianship, signed and dated by the designator;
  (7) If death is the triggering event, the certificate of death for the designator;
  (7A) If an adverse immigration action is the triggering event, documentation demonstrating that an adverse immigration action occurred;
  (8) The full name and date of birth of the child who is the subject of the designation;
  (9) The name and address of any other parent of the child whose identity and whereabouts are known to the petitioner or can be reasonably ascertained;
  (10) Consent of the other parent, or a statement of any known reasons why that parent is not assuming or should not assume responsibility for the child;
  (11) Whether there is any prior judicial history regarding custody of the child or any pending litigation regarding custody of the child;
  (12) A brief statement as to why the granting of the petition would be in the best interest of the child who is the subject of the designation;
  (13) The names and addresses of all persons who have lived with the child who is the subject of the designation for the 5 years immediately preceding the date the petition was filed or since the child’s birth, if the child is less than 5 years old at the time the petition was filed; and
  (14) A request that the court approve the designation.
(c) The standby guardian petitioning the court shall attach to the petition the following documentation or provide an explanation, under oath, as to why such documents are not attached:
  (1) A copy of the designation;
  (2) Proof of the triggering event;
  (3) The child’s birth certificate;
  (4) Proof of notice of the petition and hearing, as required by this chapter; and
  (5) Consent of the other parent, or a statement of any known reasons why that parent is not assuming or should not assume responsibility for the child.
(d) If filed after the triggering event, the petition shall be filed as soon as practicable after the occurrence of the triggering event, but in no event later than 90 days after the triggering event.
(d-1) Except by order of the Court, no records in an action filed on or after July 31, 2019, over which the Court has jurisdiction under this section shall be open to inspection by anyone other than the parties or authorized Court staff. The Court, upon a proper showing of reasonable grounds, may furnish certified copies of the records, or portions thereof, to the parties.
(e) The authority of the standby guardian shall cease upon his or her failure to file the petition within 90 days, but shall recommence upon the filing of the petition.
D.C. Code § 16-1057 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 10 / § 16-1057
§ 16-1057. Immunity.
Status: in_force

(a) Any health-care provider or any other person or institution providing information to the Board pursuant to this subchapter shall have immunity from liability, administrative, civil, or criminal, that might otherwise be incurred or imposed with respect to the disclosure of information.
(b) If acting in good faith, without malice, and within the parameters of the protocols established by this subchapter, representatives of the Board are immune from civil liability for an activity related to reviews of domestic violence fatalities.
D.C. Code § 16-1120 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1120
§ 16-1120. Election of plaintiff if value of improvements exceeds damages.
Status: in_force

If the value of the improvements referred to in this chapter is found by the jury to exceed the damages of the plaintiff, the plaintiff may elect either to pay to the defendant the amount of the excess or to demand of the defendant the value of the plaintiff’s property, without the improvements, as fixed by the jury, and tender to the defendant a deed for the property, with all the plaintiff’s right, title, and interest therein.
D.C. Code § 16-4604.02 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4604.02
§ 16-4604.02. Definitions.
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this subchapter, the term:
(1) “Abduction” means the wrongful removal or wrongful retention of a child.
(2) “Child” means an unemancipated individual who is less than 18 years of age.
(3) “Child-custody proceeding” means a proceeding in which legal custody, physical custody, or visitation with respect to a child is at issue. The term includes a proceeding for divorce, dissolution of marriage, separation, neglect, abuse, dependency, guardianship, paternity, termination of parental rights, or protection from domestic violence.
(4) “Petition” includes a motion or its equivalent.
(5) “Record” means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.
(6) “Travel document” means records relating to a travel itinerary, including travel tickets, passes, reservations for transportation, or accommodations. The term “travel document” does not include a passport or visa.
(7) “Wrongful removal” means the taking of a child that breaches rights of custody or visitation given or recognized under the law of this state.
(8) “Wrongful retention” means the keeping or concealing of a child that breaches rights of custody or visitation given or recognized under the law of this state.
D.C. Code § 16-1332 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 13 / § 16-1332
§ 16-1332. Sale of excess property; restrictions on use; fair market value; disposition of moneys.
Status: in_force

(a) The Mayor of the District of Columbia may, with the consent of the Council in accordance with section 10-801, upon completion of public improvements:
  (1) subdivide, and sell, at public or private sale, or exchange, any excess real property acquired pursuant to this subchapter; and
  (2) to carry out such purposes, convey any property acquired in excess of that actually needed and which is not essential to the usefulness of the public works —
with such reservations concerning the future use and occupation of the property as, in the Mayor’s discretion, may be necessary to protect the public improvements.
(b) Property sold under this section shall be sold at not less than the fair market value at the time sold, as determined by appraisement of the assessor of the District of Columbia.
(c) Moneys received from sales or transfers of properties pursuant to this subchapter shall be covered into the Treasury of the United States to the credit of the revenues of the District of Columbia.
D.C. Code § 16-4423 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 44 / § 16-4423
§ 16-4423. Vacating award.
Status: in_force

(a) Upon motion to the court by a party to an arbitration proceeding, the court shall vacate an award made in the arbitration proceeding if:
  (1) The award was procured by corruption, fraud, or other undue means;
  (2) There was:
    (A) Evident partiality by an arbitrator appointed as a neutral arbitrator;
    (B) Corruption by an arbitrator; or
    (C) Misconduct by an arbitrator prejudicing the rights of a party to the arbitration proceeding;
  (3) An arbitrator refused to postpone the hearing upon showing of sufficient cause for postponement, refused to consider evidence material to the controversy, or otherwise conducted the hearing contrary to § 16-4415 , so as to prejudice substantially the rights of a party to the arbitration proceeding;
  (4) An arbitrator exceeded the arbitrator’s powers;
  (5) There was no agreement to arbitrate; or
  (6) The arbitration was conducted without proper notice of the initiation of an arbitration as required in § 16-4409 so as to prejudice substantially the rights of a party to the arbitration proceeding.
(b) The court may vacate an award made in the arbitration proceeding on other reasonable ground.
(c) A motion under this section shall be filed within 90 days after the movant receives notice of the award pursuant to § 16-4419 or within 90 days after the movant receives notice of a modified or corrected award pursuant to § 16-4420 , unless the movant alleges that the award was procured by corruption, fraud, or other undue means, in which case the motion shall be made within 90 days after the ground is known or by the exercise of reasonable care would have been known by the movant.
(d) If the court vacates an award on a ground other than that set forth in subsection (a)(5) of this section, it may order a rehearing. If the award is vacated on a ground stated in subsection (a)(1) or (2) of this section, the rehearing shall be before a new arbitrator. If the award is vacated on a ground stated in subsection (a)(3), (4), or (6) of this section, the rehearing may be before the arbitrator who made the award or the arbitrator’s successor. The arbitrator shall render the decision in the rehearing within the same time as that provided in § 16-4419(b) for an award.
(e) If the court denies a motion to vacate an award, it shall confirm the award unless a motion to modify or correct the award is pending.
D.C. Code § 16-5617 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 56 / § 16-5617
§ 16-5617. Correction by arbitrator of unconfirmed award.
Status: in_force

(a) On motion of a party made not later than 30 days after an arbitrator gives notice under § 16-5615(a) of an award, the arbitrator may correct the award:
  (1) If the award has an evident mathematical miscalculation or an evident mistake in the description of a person, thing, or property;
  (2) If the award is imperfect in a matter of form not affecting the merits on the issues submitted; or
  (3) To clarify the award.
D.C. Code § 16-2104 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 21 / § 16-2104
§ 16-2104. Death after action brought; legal representatives.
Status: in_force

When one of several defendants in an action dies after the commencement of the action, his legal representatives may be made parties to the action as directed by Chapter 1 of Title 12 .
D.C. Code § 16-2311.01 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2311.01
§ 16-2311.01. Rules.
Status: in_force

The Mayor shall issue rules to implement the provisions of section 16-2309(b)  , section 16-2310.01  , section 16-2311(b)(1)  , and section 16-2311.01   within 90 days from August 13, 1986. These rules shall be submitted for a 30-day period of review by the Council of the District of Columbia, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, holidays, and days that pass during Council recess.
D.C. Code § 16-4417 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 44 / § 16-4417
§ 16-4417. Witnesses; subpoenas; depositions; discovery.
Status: in_force

(a) An arbitrator may issue a subpoena for the attendance of a witness and for the production of records and other evidence at any hearing and may administer oaths. A subpoena shall be served in the manner for service of subpoenas in a civil action and, upon motion to the court by a party to the arbitration proceeding or the arbitrator, enforced in the manner for enforcement of subpoenas in a civil action.
(b) To make the proceedings fair, expeditious, and cost effective, upon request of a party to or a witness in an arbitration proceeding, an arbitrator may permit a deposition of any witness to be taken for use as evidence at the hearing, including a witness who cannot be subpoenaed for or is unable to attend a hearing. The arbitrator shall determine the conditions under which the deposition is taken.
(c) An arbitrator may permit such discovery as the arbitrator decides is appropriate in the circumstances, taking into account the needs of the parties to the arbitration proceeding and other affected persons and the desirability of making the proceeding fair, expeditious, and cost effective.
(d) If an arbitrator permits discovery under subsection (c) of this section, the arbitrator may:
  (1) Order a party to the arbitration proceeding to comply with the arbitrator’s discovery-related orders;
  (2) Issue subpoenas for the attendance of a witness and for the production of records and other evidence at a discovery proceeding; and
  (3) Take action against a noncomplying party to the extent a court could if the controversy were the subject of a civil action in the District of Columbia.
(e) An arbitrator may issue a protective order to prevent the disclosure of privileged information, confidential information, trade secrets, and other information protected from disclosure to the extent a court could if the controversy were the subject of a civil action in the District of Columbia.
(f) All laws compelling a person under subpoena to testify and all fees for attending a judicial proceeding, a deposition, or a discovery proceeding as a witness apply to an arbitration proceeding as if the controversy were the subject of a civil action in the District of Columbia.
(g) (1) The court may enforce a subpoena or discovery-related order for the attendance of a witness within the District of Columbia and for the production of records and other evidence issued by an arbitrator in connection with an arbitration proceeding in another state upon conditions determined by the court so as to make the arbitration proceeding fair, expeditious, and cost effective.
  (2) A subpoena or discovery-related order issued by an arbitrator in another state shall be served in the manner provided by law for service of subpoenas in a civil action in the District of Columbia and, upon motion to the court by a party to the arbitration proceeding or the arbitrator, enforced in the manner provided by law for enforcement of subpoenas in a civil action in the District of Columbia.
D.C. Code § 16-2383 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2383
§ 16-2383. Grounds for the creation of a permanent guardianship.
Status: in_force

(a) A guardianship order may not be entered unless the child has been adjudicated to be neglected pursuant to section 16-2317 and has been living with the proposed permanent guardian for at least 6 months.
(b) If the child is 14 years of age or older, the court shall designate the permanent guardian selected by the child unless the court finds that the designation is contrary to the child’s best interests.
(c) The court may issue a guardianship order only if the court finds that:
  (1) The permanent guardianship is in the child’s best interests;
  (2) Adoption, termination of parental rights, or return to parent is not appropriate for the child; and
  (3) The proposed permanent guardian is suitable and able to provide a safe and permanent home for the child.
(d) In determining whether it is in the child’s best interests that a permanent guardian be designated, the court shall consider each of the following factors:
  (1) The child’s need for continuity of care and caretakers, and for timely integration into a stable and permanent home, taking into account the differences in the development and the concept of time of children of different ages;
  (2) The physical, mental, and emotional health of all individuals involved to the degree that each affects the welfare of the child, the decisive consideration being the physical, mental, and emotional needs of the child;
  (3) The quality of the interaction and interrelationship of the child with his or her parent, siblings, relatives, and caretakers, including the proposed permanent guardian;
  (4) To the extent feasible, the child’s opinion of his or her own best interests in the matter; and
  (5) Evidence that drug-related activity continues to exist in a child’s home environment after intervention and services have been provided pursuant to section 6-2104.01 [ § 4-1301.06a ]. Evidence of continued drug-activity shall be given great weight.
D.C. Code § 16-5104 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 51 / § 16-5104
§ 16-5104. District of Columbia government agency source lists.
Status: in_force

Any agency or instrumentality of the District of Columbia government required to provide names and addresses of individuals to the Court pursuant to § 11-1905 for purposes of summoning individuals for jury service shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that the names and addresses are accurate, including:
(1) Entering into a memorandum of understanding with the Court for the prompt sharing of complete and accurate information; and
(2) The purging of inaccurate name and address information by the provider agency or instrumentality not less than once every calendar year.
D.C. Code § 16-914.02 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-914.02
§ 16-914.02. Child custody and visitation rights of parents during deployment for military service.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) A deploying parent may file a motion with the court to request an expedited hearing for the purpose of obtaining a temporary child custody or visitation order when no court order exists as to the custody or visitation of the child of the deploying parent.
  (2) A deploying parent, or a non-deploying parent where the deploying parent is currently on deployment or has received a deployment order, may file a motion with the court to request a temporary child custody or visitation order modifying the terms of an existing child custody order or visitation order.
(b) (1) Upon a motion as provided under subsection (a) of this section, the court may issue a temporary order to establish the terms for custody and visitation of the child of the deploying parent or modify the terms of an existing custody or visitation order for the child of the deploying parent to make reasonable accommodation for the deployment.
  (2) A temporary order issued pursuant to this subsection shall state:
    (A) That the basis of the order is the deployment of a military parent; and
    (B) That the temporary order shall terminate and the permanent order shall resume within 10 days after notification of the deploying parent’s ability to resume custody or visitation unless the court finds that resumption of the custody or visitation order in effect before deployment is no longer in the child’s best interest.
  (3) A temporary order issued pursuant to this subsection may require:
    (A) The non-deploying parent to reasonably accommodate the leave schedule of the deploying parent;
    (B) The non-deploying parent to facilitate opportunities for telephonic communication, electronic mail, or other electronic communication between the deploying parent and child during the deployment period; and
    (C) The deploying parent to provide the non-deploying parent with timely notice of leave of absence, unless the leave schedule of the deploying parent is changed without sufficient advance notice to allow the deploying parent to give timely notice to the non-deploying parent, in which case neither the court nor the non-deploying parent shall use the untimely notice to prevent contact between the deploying parent and the child or use the untimely notice as a basis in requesting or issuing a permanent order modifying an existing custody or visitation arrangement.
  (4) (A) Upon a motion of a deploying parent, or upon motion of a family member of the deploying parent with the consent of the deploying parent, the court may issue a temporary order to delegate all or a portion of the deploying parent’s visitation rights to a family member with a close and substantial relationship to the child for the duration of the deployment if in the best interest of the child; provided, that:
      (i) The delegation of visitation rights or access to the child shall not create an entitlement or standing to assert separate rights to a liberty interest in the care and custody of the child for a person other than a parent; and
      (ii) A delegation of visitation rights or access to the child shall not exceed the visitation time granted to the deploying parent.
    (B) A temporary order delegating all or a portion of a deploying parent’s visitation rights under this paragraph shall terminate by operation of law in accordance with paragraph (2)(B) of this subsection.
    (C) A person to whom visitation rights have been delegated by a temporary order issued under this paragraph shall have full legal standing to enforce that temporary order.
  (5) In issuing a temporary order under this subsection, the court shall ensure that the parties are advised of the possible availability of a modification of child support, and shall provide notice to the parties of how such a modification may be obtained. The court may also decide the issue of child support, in accordance with the child support guideline in § 16-916.01 , during the hearing on the motion for a temporary order under this section.
  (6) For the purposes of this subsection, the non-deploying parent shall have the burden of proving that resumption of the permanent order is no longer in the child’s best interest.
(c) The court shall not issue a permanent order modifying the terms of an existing custody or visitation order until 90 days after the termination of the deployment of a military parent. The court shall not consider the activation or deployment of a deploying parent as the sole factor in the court’s decision of whether or not to grant or deny a petition for custody or visitation, and neither deployment nor the potential for future deployment of a military parent shall, by itself, be regarded as a material change in the circumstances of any existing custody or visitation order, or against the best interests of the child, for the court to issue a permanent order modifying the terms of an existing custody or visitation order.
(d) The court, in any child custody or visitation proceeding between either 2 deploying parents or a deploying parent and a non-deploying parent, shall allow any deploying parent to present testimony or evidence relevant to the custody or visitation proceedings either by affidavit or electronically when deployment precludes the personal appearance of the deploying parent.
(e) For the purposes of this section, the term:
  (1) “Activation” means the extension of United States Armed Forces to active military service of the United States. Activation does not include National Guard or Reserve annual training, inactive duty, drill weekends, or active duty within the District.
  (2) “Deploying parent” means a military parent who is on deployment or has received mandatory orders from military leadership to deploy with the United States Armed Forces.
  (3) “Deployment” means the compliance with military orders received by any member of the United States Armed Forces for active service, including service for combat operations, contingency operations, peacekeeping operations, temporary duty, and remote tours of duty.
  (4) “Military parent” means a member of the United States Armed Forces who is the parent of a minor child, including the biological, adoptive, or legal parent, whose parental rights have not been terminated or transferred to the District or another person through juvenile proceedings.
  (5) “Non-deploying parent” means a parent who is not a member of the United States Armed Forces, or is a military parent who is currently neither a deploying parent nor a parent that has received an imminent deployment or activation order.
  (6) “United States Armed Forces” means the United States Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Guard, or any other Reserve component thereof.
D.C. Code § 16-1368 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 13 / § 16-1368
§ 16-1368. Additional powers of court.
Status: in_force

Where the mode or manner of conducting a proceeding pursuant to this subchapter is not expressly provided for by law or rules of court in force under authority of law, the court may make all necessary orders and give all necessary directions to carry into effect the object and intent of this subchapter or any other laws conferring authority to acquire real property for the use of the United States.
D.C. Code § 16-2343.04 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2343.04
§ 16-2343.04. No right to jury trial.
Status: in_force

The parties to an action to establish parentage are not entitled to a jury trial.
D.C. Code § 16-919 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-919
§ 16-919. Proof required on default or admission of defendant.
Status: in_force

A decree for a divorce, or a decree annulling a marriage, may not be rendered on default, without proof; and an admission contained in the answer of the defendant may not be taken as proof of the facts charged as the ground of the application, but shall be proved by other evidence in all cases.
D.C. Code § 16-2359 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2359
§ 16-2359. Adjudicatory hearing.
Status: in_force

(a) A judge shall begin the adjudicatory hearing by determining whether all parties are present and whether proper notice of the hearing has been given. If the parent has been given proper notice but has failed to appear the judge may proceed in his or her absence.
(b) A judge shall hear evidence presented by the moving party and the burden of proof shall rest upon the moving party.
(c) Every party shall have the right to present evidence, to be heard in his or her own behalf and to cross-examine witnesses called by another party.
(d) All evidence which is relevant, material, and competent to the issues before the judge shall be admitted.
(e) Notwithstanding the provisions of D.C. Official Code, sections 14-306 and 14-307, neither the spouse or domestic partner privilege nor the physician/client or mental health professional/client privilege shall be a ground for excluding evidence in any proceeding brought under this subchapter.
(f) A judge may enter an order permanently terminating the parent and child relationship after considering all of the evidence presented and after making a determination based upon clear and convincing evidence that termination of the parent and child relationship is in the best interest of the child. If a judge does not find that sufficient grounds exist for termination, the motion for termination of the parent and child relationship may be dismissed.
D.C. Code § 16-1320 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 13 / § 16-1320
§ 16-1320. Fixing time for return of verdict.
Status: in_force

In every case involving the condemnation of real property under this subchapter, at the close of the hearing thereof, the court shall fix a time in which the jury shall return its verdict or the report to the court the reasons why the verdict or appraisement can not be returned by the time fixed. The court has discretion to extend the time for the return of the verdict or appraisement.
D.C. Code § 16-831.08 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 8A / § 16-831.08
§ 16-831.08. Factors to consider in determining best interests of child.
Status: in_force

(a) In determining whether custody with a third party, pursuant to this chapter, is in the child’s best interests, the court shall consider all relevant factors, including:
  (1) The child’s need for continuity of care and caretakers, and for timely integration into a stable and permanent home, taking into account the differences in the development and the concept of time of children of different ages;
  (2) The physical, mental, and emotional health of all individuals involved to the degree that each affects the welfare of the child, the decisive consideration being the physical, mental, and emotional needs of the child;
  (3) The quality of the interaction and interrelationship of the child with his or her parent, siblings, relatives, and caretakers, including the third-party complainant or movant; and
  (4) To the extent feasible, the child’s opinion of his or her own best interests in the matter.
(b) There shall be a rebuttable presumption that granting custody to a third party who has committed an intrafamily offense is not in the best interest of the child.
D.C. Code § 16-3548 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 35 / § 16-3548
§ 16-3548. Recovery of damages from usurper; limitation.
Status: in_force

At any time within a year from a judgment in a quo warranto proceeding, the relator may bring an action against the party ousted and recover the damages sustained by the relator by reason of the ousted party’s usurpation of the office to which the relator was entitled.
D.C. Code § 16-5003 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 50 / § 16-5003
§ 16-5003. Request for criminal records check.
Status: repealed

Repealed.
D.C. Code § 16-2385 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2385
§ 16-2385. Parties.
Status: in_force

Parties to a permanent guardianship proceeding shall be the child, the parents of the named child, the proposed permanent guardian, the agency having the legal custody of the child, and the District of Columbia. The court may, at its discretion, on its own motion, or in response to a motion for joinder or intervention, join additional parties to a guardianship proceeding.
D.C. Code § 16-1041 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 10 / § 16-1041
§ 16-1041. Definitions.
Status: in_force

For purposes of this subchapter, the term:
(1) “District” means the District of Columbia.
(2) “Foreign protection order” means a protection order issued by a tribunal of another State.
(3) “Issuing State” means the State whose tribunal issues a protection order.
(4) “Mutual foreign protection order” means a foreign protection order that includes provisions in favor of both the protected individual seeking enforcement of the order and the respondent.
(5) “Protected individual” means an individual protected by a protection order.
(6) “Protection order” means an injunction or other order, whether temporary or final, issued by a tribunal for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, contact or communication with, or physical proximity to, another individual.
(7) “Respondent” means the individual against whom enforcement of a protection order is sought.
(8) “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. The term “State” includes an Indian tribe or band that has jurisdiction to issue protection orders.
(9) “Tribunal” means a court, agency, or other entity authorized by law to issue or modify a protection order.
D.C. Code § 16-1107 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1107
§ 16-1107. Several judgments against defendants occupying distinct parcels.
Status: in_force

When it appears on the trial in an action of ejectment that some of the defendants occupy distinct parcels of the property claimed, in severalty, the plaintiff, if entitled to recover, may in the discretion of the court, have several judgments against the respective parties, according to the proof of occupancy.
D.C. Code § 16-2320.01 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2320.01
§ 16-2320.01. Restitution.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) Upon request of the Corporation Counsel, the victim, or on its own motion, the Division may enter a judgment of restitution in any case in which the court finds a child has committed a delinquent act and during or as a result of the commission of that delinquent act has:
    (A) Stolen, damaged, destroyed, converted, unlawfully obtained, or substantially decreased the value of the property of another;
    (B) Inflicted personal injury on another, requiring the injured person to incur medical, dental, hospital, funeral, or burial expenses, or lost wages; or
    (C) Caused the victim of the delinquent act to incur reasonable counseling or other mental health expenses from a licensed health care provider if the delinquent act involved personal injury, child or sexual abuse, robbery, or burglary.
  (2) The Division may order the parent or guardian of a child, a child, or both to make restitution to:
    (A) The victim;
    (B) Any governmental entity;
    (C) A third-party payor, including an insurer, that has made payment to the victim to compensate the victim for a property loss under paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection or pecuniary loss under paragraph (1)(B) or (C) of this subsection.
  (3) Payment of restitution to a victim under this section has priority over payments of restitution to a third-party payor or to any governmental entity.
  (4) If the victim has been compensated for the victim’s loss by a third-party payor, the Division may order restitution payments to the third-party payor in the amount that the third-party payor compensated the victim.
(b) The Division may order the child to make restitution directly to the victim, governmental entity, or third-party payor after consideration of the age, circumstances, and financial ability of the child to pay. The Division may order the parent or guardian to make restitution directly to the victim, governmental entity, or third-party payor after consideration of the parent or guardian’s financial ability to pay.
(c) (1) A judgment of restitution under this section may not exceed:
    (A) As to property stolen, destroyed, converted, or unlawfully obtained, the lesser of the fair market value of the property or $10,000;
    (B) As to property damaged, or substantially decreased in value, the lesser of the amount of damage or the decrease in value of the property, not to exceed the fair market value of the property, or $10,000;
    (C) As to personal injuries inflicted, the lesser of the actual medical, dental, hospital, funeral, and burial expenses incurred by the injured person as a result of the injury or $10,000; or
    (D) As to counseling or mental health expenses, the lesser of the actual expenses incurred by the injured person as a result of the incident or $10,000.
  (2) As an absolute limit in each case against any one child, his or her parents or guardians, or both, a judgment rendered under this section may not exceed $10,000 for all acts arising out of a single incident.
(d) A restitution hearing to determine the liability of a parent or guardian, a child, or both, shall be held within 30 days after the disposition hearing and may be extended by the Division for good cause. A hearing under this section may be held as part of a factfinding or disposition hearing for the child. A judgment of restitution against a parent or guardian may not be entered unless the parent or guardian has been afforded a reasonable opportunity to be heard and to present appropriate evidence in the parent or guardian’s behalf.
(e) In a restitution hearing, a written statement or bill for medical, dental, hospital, funeral, or burial expenses, or repair and replacement of property shall be prima facie evidence that the amount indicated on the written statement or bill represents a fair and reasonable charge for the services or materials provided. The burden of proving that the amount indicated on the written statement or bill is not fair and reasonable shall be on the person challenging the fairness and reasonableness of the amount.
(f) Upon request of the Corporation Counsel or the recipient of a judgment of restitution, the Division may enforce the judgment for restitution under this section in the same manner that a monetary judgment is enforced by the Superior Court of the District of Columbia under Title 15 and applicable court rules.
(g) The Director of Social Services shall be responsible for monitoring the collection and disbursement of restitution payments when the judgment of restitution provides that restitution is to be made in periodic or installment payments. The Director of Social Services shall inform the Division of the progress or status of the restitution payments.
(h) A judgment of restitution under this section shall not preclude a civil action to recover damages from the child, parent, or guardian. A civil verdict shall be reduced by the amount paid under the judgment of restitution. A judgment of restitution may be filed under seal in any civil case.
(i) If at the restitution hearing the Division finds that a child is financially unable to pay restitution pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the Division may order the child to perform community service or some other non-monetary service of equivalent value in lieu thereof. If at the restitution hearing the Division finds that a parent or guardian is financially unable to pay restitution pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the Division may order the parent or guardian to perform community service or some other non-monetary service of equivalent value in lieu thereof.
(j) When entering a restitution order, the court shall include the restitution conditions both in the disposition order and in a separate judgement [sic] of restitution which shall be filed in a special proceedings case. An order requiring an adult to pay a judgment for restitution shall be filed in a special proceedings case.
(k) An order of restitution requiring a parent or guardian, a child, or both to pay restitution constitutes a judgment and lien against all property of the person or persons required to pay for the amount they are obligated to pay under the order and may be recorded in any office for the filing of liens against real or personal property.
(l) A judgment of restitution may be enforced by the Attorney General for the District of Columbia, a victim entitled under the order to receive restitution, a deceased victim’s estate, or any other beneficiary of the judgment in the same manner as a civil judgment.
(m) A judgment for restitution that is filed in a special proceedings case shall contain the following information:
  (1) The amount of the restitution; and
  (2) The terms of the restitution, including the length of time in which restitution payments will be made and the amount of the installment payments.
(n) The court shall provide each victim in a juvenile case with a notarized and sealed copy of the Order of Restitution or Reparation.
(o) In addition to the information that is included in a judgment for restitution filed in a special proceedings case, the Division shall provide the following information in a supplemental information form attached to the order. This information shall be kept confidential except by order of the Division:
  (1) The full name, address, telephone number, and social security number of the restitution payer or person who is ordered to pay the restitution; and
  (2) The full name, address, and telephone number of the recipient of the restitution.
(p) All restitution payments shall be paid to the Superior Court. The payer shall receive a receipt for the payment. If the restitution payment is mailed, a receipt will be returned only if the payer encloses a self-addressed stamped envelope.
(q) The court shall disburse the restitution payments to the recipient and make appropriate court records.
D.C. Code § 16-3545 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 35 / § 16-3545
§ 16-3545. Verdict and judgment.
Status: in_force

Where a defendant in a quo warranto proceeding is found by the jury to have usurped, intruded into, or unlawfully held or exercised an office or franchise, the verdict shall be that he is guilty of the act or acts in question, and judgment shall be rendered that he be ousted and excluded therefrom and that the relator recover his costs.
D.C. Code § 16-4402 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 44 / § 16-4402
§ 16-4402. Notice.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, a person gives notice to another person by taking action that is reasonably necessary to inform the other person in ordinary course, whether or not the other person acquires knowledge of the notice.
(b) A person has notice if the person has knowledge of the notice or has received notice.
(c) A person receives notice when it comes to the person’s attention or the notice is delivered at the person’s place of residence or place of business, or at another location held out by the person as a place of delivery of such communications.
D.C. Code § 16-407 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 4 / § 16-407
§ 16-407. Parentage in collaborative reproduction.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) In the case of a child born by a gestational surrogate, an intended parent or parents shall be the parent or parents of the child and have all rights under District law, regardless of whether the intended parent or parents has a genetic relationship to the child.
  (2) The child shall have all rights, powers, privileges, immunities, duties, and obligations existing under law between a parent and child with the intended parent or parents, including the rights of inheritance.
  (3) A gestational surrogate and the gestational surrogate's spouse or domestic partner, if any, shall not be the parent or parents of the child, and shall not have any rights, powers, privileges, immunities, duties, or obligations with respect to the child.
  (4) A gamete or embryo donor who is not an intended parent and that donor's spouse or domestic partner, if any, shall not be the parent or parents of the child, and shall not have any rights, powers, privileges, immunities, duties, or obligations with respect to the child. For the purposes of this paragraph, a traditional surrogate is not a donor.
(b) (1) In the case of a child born by a traditional surrogate, an intended parent or parents shall be the parent or parents of the child and have all rights under District law, regardless of whether the intended parent or parents has a genetic relationship to the child.
  (2) The child shall have all rights, powers, privileges, immunities, duties, and obligations existing under law between a parent and child with the intended parent or parents, including the rights of inheritance.
  (3) A traditional surrogate and the traditional surrogate's spouse or domestic partner, if any, shall not be the parent or parents of the child, and shall not have any rights, powers, privileges, immunities, duties, or obligations with respect to the child.
  (4) A gamete donor who is not an intended parent and that donor's spouse or domestic partner, if any, shall not be the parent or parents of the child, and shall not have any rights, powers, privileges, immunities, duties, or obligations with respect to the child.
D.C. Code § 16-1503 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 15 / § 16-1503
§ 16-1503. Judgment and execution for possession.
Status: in_force

When, upon a trial in a proceeding pursuant to this chapter, it appears that the plaintiff is entitled to the possession of the premises, judgment and execution for the possession shall be awarded in his favor, with costs; and if the plaintiff becomes nonsuit or fails to prove his right to the possession, the defendant shall have judgment and execution for his costs.
D.C. Code § 16-532 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-532
§ 16-532. Other remedies of judgment creditor.
Status: in_force

Nothing herein contained deprives a judgment creditor of the right to file a civil action to enforce his judgment against an equitable interest in real or personal estate of the judgment defendant, or to have a conveyance of the real or personal estate by the defendant, made with intent to hinder, delay, and defraud his creditors, set aside.
D.C. Code § 16-2384 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2384
§ 16-2384. Motions.
Status: in_force

(a) A motion for permanent guardianship may be filed by the proposed permanent guardian, the District of Columbia government, or by the child through his or her legal representative.
(b) A motion for a permanent guardianship may be filed any time after a neglect petition is filed pursuant to section 16-2305.
(c) A motion for permanent guardianship shall include:
  (1) The name, sex, date and place of birth, and current placement of the child;
  (2) The proposed permanent guardian’s name and relationship to the child;
  (3) The name and address of the child’s parents;
  (4) A plain and concise statement of the facts and opinions on which the permanent guardianship is sought;
  (5) A description of the child’s mental and physical health;
  (6) A statement why permanent guardianship, rather than adoption, termination of parental rights, or return to parent, is in the child’s best interests;
  (7) A statement as to the various efforts taken by the moving party to locate the parent of the child;
  (8) An itemization of the child’s assets;
  (9) A statement of compliance with Chapter 3 of Title 21 , if applicable;
  (10) The name of proposed successor guardians, if any, and their relationship to the child and proposed permanent guardians;
  (11) Information required by Chapter 45 of Title 16 ; and
  (12) Written consents, if any, to the permanent guardianship.
(d) When any facts required pursuant to subsection (c) of this section are not known to the moving party, if he or she shall so state in the motion, or on a motion by any party, the court, for good cause shown, may direct the filing of a bill of particulars to inform the moving party of the precise nature of the allegations of neglect.
D.C. Code § 16-555 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-555
§ 16-555. Condemnation and sale of property; proceeds of sale under interlocutory order.
Status: in_force

Where the attachment has been levied upon specific property, on the return by the marshal, judgment of condemnation of the property may be entered, and as much thereof as may be necessary to satisfy the plaintiff’s judgment may be sold under a fieri facias. If the property was sold under interlocutory order of the court, the proceeds, or so much thereof as may be necessary, shall be applied to the plaintiff’s claim by order of the court.
D.C. Code § 16-4601.10 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4601.10
§ 16-4601.10. Taking testimony in another state.
Status: in_force

(a) In addition to other procedures available to a party, a party to a child-custody proceeding may offer testimony of witnesses who are located in another state, including testimony of the parties and the child, by deposition or other means allowable in the District for testimony taken in another state. The court on its own motion may order that the testimony of a person be taken in another state and may prescribe the manner in which and the terms upon which the testimony is taken.
(b) A court of the District may permit an individual residing in another state to be deposed or to testify by telephone, audiovisual means, or other electronic means before a designated court or at another location in that state. A court of the District shall cooperate with courts of other states in designating an appropriate location for the deposition or testimony.
(c) Documentary evidence transmitted from another state to a court of the District by technological means that do not produce an original writing may not be excluded from evidence on an objection based on the means of transmission.
D.C. Code § 16-4020 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 40 / § 16-4020
§ 16-4020. Authority of tribunal in case of noncompliance.
Status: in_force

(a) If an agreement fails to meet the requirements of § 16-4004 , or a lawyer fails to comply with § 16-4014 or § 16-4015 , the tribunal may nonetheless find that the parties intended to enter into a collaborative law participation agreement if they:
  (1) Signed a record indicating an intention to enter into a collaborative law participation agreement; and
  (2) Reasonably believed they were participating in a collaborative law process.
(b) If the tribunal makes the findings specified in subsection (a) of this section, and the interests of justice require, the tribunal may:
  (1) Enforce an agreement evidenced by a record resulting from the process in which the parties participated;
  (2) Apply the disqualification provisions of §§ 16-4009 , 16-4010 , and 16-4011 ; and
  (3) Apply a privilege under § 16-4017 .
D.C. Code § 16-543 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-543
§ 16-543. Revival of judgment unnecessary.
Status: in_force

Attachment may be issued at any time during the life of the judgment, without issuing an order reviving the judgment previously thereto.
D.C. Code § 16-302 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 3 / § 16-302
§ 16-302. Persons who may adopt.
Status: in_force

Any person may petition the court for a decree of adoption. A petition may not be considered by the court unless petitioner’s spouse, if the petitioner has one, joins in the petition, except if either spouse is a natural parent of the prospective adoptee, the natural parent need not join in the petition with the adopting parent, but need only give consent to the adoption. If the marital status of the petitioner changes after the time of filing the petition and before the time the decree of adoption is final, the petition must be amended accordingly.
D.C. Code § 16-3541 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 35 / § 16-3541
§ 16-3541. Allegations in petition of relator claiming office.
Status: in_force

When a quo warranto proceeding is against a person for usurping an office, on the relation of a person claiming the same office, the relator shall set forth in his petition the facts upon which he claims to be entitled to the office.
D.C. Code § 16-5618 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 56 / § 16-5618
§ 16-5618. Correction by Superior Court of unconfirmed award.
Status: in_force

(a) On motion of a party made not later than 90 days after an arbitrator gives notice under § 16-5615(a) of an award, including an award corrected under § 16-5617 , the Superior Court shall correct the award if:
  (1) The award has an evident mathematical miscalculation or an evident mistake in the description of a person, thing, or property;
  (2) The award is imperfect in a matter of form not affecting the merits of the issues submitted; or
  (3) The arbitrator made an award on a dispute not submitted to the arbitrator and the award may be corrected without affecting the merits of the issues submitted.
(b) A motion under this section to correct an award may be joined with a motion to vacate or amend the award under § 16-5619 .
(c) Unless a motion under § 16-5619 is pending, the Superior Court may confirm a corrected award under § 16-5616 .
D.C. Code § 16-405 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 4 / § 16-405
§ 16-405. Requirements of surrogates and intended parents.
Status: in_force

(a) An individual seeking to serve as a surrogate shall enter into a written surrogacy agreement and, at the time that the surrogacy agreement is executed, shall:
  (1) Be at least 21 years of age;
  (2) Have given birth to at least one live child;
  (3) Have undergone a medical evaluation in which the individual was approved to serve as a surrogate;
  (4) Have completed a mental health evaluation by a mental health professional in which the individual was approved to serve as a surrogate; provided, that the mental health professional has received specialized training in, or has a practice that includes a specialty in, collaborative reproduction; and
  (5) Have completed, with the intended parent or parents, a joint consultation with a mental health professional regarding issues that could arise during the surrogacy.
(b) (1) An individual or individuals seeking to become an intended parent or parents shall enter into a written surrogacy agreement and, at the time the surrogacy agreement is executed, shall:
    (A) Be at least 21 years of age; and
    (B) Have completed with the surrogate a joint consultation with a mental health professional regarding issues that could arise during the surrogacy.
  (2) If an individual is married or in a domestic partnership, both parties to the marriage or domestic partnership must satisfy the requirements of this subsection.
D.C. Code § 16-2935 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 29 / § 16-2935
§ 16-2935. Cotenant buyout.
Status: in_force

(a) If any cotenant requested partition by sale, after the determination of value pursuant to § 16-2934 , the court shall send notice to the parties that any cotenant, except a cotenant that requested partition by sale, may buy all the interests of the cotenants that requested partition by sale.
(b) Not later than 45 days after the notice is sent pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, any cotenant, except a cotenant that requested partition by sale, may give notice to the court that it elects to buy all the interests of any of the cotenants that requested partition by sale.
(c) The purchase price for each of the interests of a cotenant that requested partition by sale shall be the value of the entire parcel determined pursuant to § 16-2934 , multiplied by the cotenant's fractional ownership of the entire parcel.
(d) After expiration of the time period described in subsection (b) of this section, the following shall apply:
  (1) If only one cotenant elects to buy all the interests of the cotenants that requested partition by sale, the court shall notify all the parties of that fact;
  (2) If more than one cotenant elects to buy all the interests of the cotenants that requested partition by sale, the court shall:
    (A) Allocate the right to buy those interests among the electing cotenants based on each electing cotenant's existing fractional ownership of the entire parcel, divided by the total existing fractional ownership of all cotenants electing to buy;
    (B) Notify all the parties that more than one cotenant elected to buy all the interests of the cotenants that requested partition by sale; and
    (C) Send notice to all the parties of the price to be paid by each electing cotenant; or
  (3) If no cotenant elects to buy all the interests of the cotenants that requested partition by sale, the court shall send notice to all the parties of that fact and resolve the partition action pursuant to § 16-2936 (a) and (b).
(e) (1) If the court sends notice to the parties pursuant to subsection (d)(1) or (2) of this section, the court shall set a date, not sooner than 60 days after the date the notice was sent, by which electing cotenants shall pay their apportioned price into the court.
  (2) After the date set by the court under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the following shall apply:
    (A) If all electing cotenants timely pay their apportioned price into court, the court shall issue an order reallocating all the interests of the cotenants and disburse the amounts held by the court to the persons entitled to the funds;
    (B) If no electing cotenant timely pays its apportioned price, the court shall resolve the partition pursuant to § 16-2936 (a) and (b); or
    (C) If one or more, but not all, of the electing cotenants fail to pay their apportioned price on time, the court, on motion, shall give notice to the electing cotenants that paid their apportioned price of the interest remaining and the price for that interest.
(f) (1) Not later than 20 days after the court gives notice pursuant to subsection (e)(2)(C) of this section, any cotenant that paid the cotenant's apportioned price may elect to purchase all the remaining interest by paying the entire price of the remaining interest into the court.
  (2) After the 20-day period described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the following shall apply:
    (A) If only one cotenant pays the entire price for the remaining interest, the court shall:
      (i) Issue an order reallocating the remaining interest to that cotenant; and
      (ii) Promptly issue an order reallocating the interests of all of the cotenants and disburse the amounts held by it to the persons entitled to them;
    (B) If no cotenant pays the entire price for the remaining interest, the court shall resolve the partition action pursuant to § 16-2936 (a) and (b); or
    (C) If more than one cotenant pays the entire price for the remaining interest, the court shall:
      (i) Reapportion the remaining interest among those paying cotenants, based on each paying cotenant's original fractional ownership of the entire parcel, divided by the total original fractional ownership of all cotenants that paid the entire price for the remaining interest; and
      (ii) Promptly issue an order reallocating all of the cotenants' interests, disburse the amounts held by it to the persons entitled to them, and promptly refund any excess payment held by the court.
(g) Not later than 45 days after the court sends notice to the parties pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, any cotenant entitled to buy an interest under this section may request the court to authorize, as part of the pending action, the sale of the interests of a cotenant named as a defendant and served with the complaint but that did not appear in the action.
(h) If the court receives a timely request pursuant to subsection (g) of this section, the court, after a hearing, may deny the request or authorize the requested additional sale on such terms as the court determines are fair and reasonable, subject to the following limitations:
  (1) A sale authorized pursuant to this subsection may occur only after the purchase prices for all interests subject to sale pursuant to subsections (a) through (f) of this section have been paid into court and those interests have been reallocated among the cotenants as provided in those subsections; and
  (2) The purchase price for the interest of a nonappearing cotenant shall be based on the court's determination of value pursuant to § 16-2934 .
D.C. Code § 16-2102 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 21 / § 16-2102
§ 16-2102. Death of party to the contract.
Status: in_force

If a person specified by section 16-2101   dies, his executors, administrators, or heirs are bound by the contract in the same manner and to the same extent as if the contract or obligation were expressed to be joint and several.
D.C. Code § 16-2344 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2344
§ 16-2344. Exclusion of public.
Status: in_force

Upon trial or proceedings over which the Division has jurisdiction under paragraph (3), (4), (10), or (11) of section 11-1101  , the court may exclude the general public and, at the request of either party, shall exclude the general public.
D.C. Code § 16-2343.02 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2343.02
§ 16-2343.02. Sanctions.
Status: in_force

If any party refuses to submit to a test the party may be punished by contempt or by other sanctions that the court considers appropriate.
D.C. Code § 16-1110 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1110
§ 16-1110. Recovery, by landlord, of furniture, arrears in rent, and damages; separate counts.
Status: in_force

(a) In an action in ejectment against his tenant, a landlord may embody in his complaint, in separate counts, claims for:
  (1) furniture, if leased with the realty;
  (2) arrears of rent due at the termination of the tenancy;
  (3) double rent in cases authorized by this Code from the termination of the tenancy to the verdict for possession; and
  (4) damages for waste or injury to the premises or furniture during the defendant’s occupancy of the premises and before commencement of the action.
(b) If the jury find for the landlord, they may, at the same time, find the amounts due for arrears of rent and for double rent and for damages, as provided by subsection (a) of this section, and judgment shall be rendered accordingly.
D.C. Code § 16-916.01a — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-916.01a
§ 16-916.01a. — Appendices to § 16-916.01.
Status: in_force

[APPENDICES I. Schedule of Basic Child Support Obligations, II. Worksheet A: Sole Physical Custody, and III. Worksheet B: Shared Physical Custody to follow.]
Combined Adjusted Gross Income One Child Two Children Three Children Four or More Children 12,382 3,261 4,634 5,410 6,063 12,600 3,310 4,702 5,488 6,151 13,200 3,444 4,890 5,705 6,393 13,800 3,577 5,076 5,919 6,632 14,400 3,695 5,244 6,113 6,847 15,000 3,810 5,411 6,306 7,063 15,600 3,926 5,578 6,500 7,279 16,200 4,042 5,740 6,693 7,494 16,800 4,157 5,902 6,886 7,710 17,400 4,270 6,064 7,074 7,926 18,000 4,371 6,226 7,261 8,141 18,600 4,471 6,389 7,448 8,352 19,200 4,571 6,550 7,629 8,547 19,800 4,669 6,692 7,791 8,728 20,400 4,760 6,835 7,952 8,908 21,000 4,851 6,958 8,114 9,088 21,600 4,941 7,081 8,276 9,269 22,200 5,032 7,205 8,438 9,449 22,800 5,123 7,328 8,599 9,629 23,400 5,214 7,451 8,761 9,809 24,000 5,305 7,575 8,905 9,990 24,600 5,395 7,698 9,045 10,170 25,200 5,486 7,821 9,185 10,350 25,800 5,577 7,945 9,326 10,530 26,400 5,668 8,068 9,463 10,697 27,000 5,759 8,190 9,593 10,850 27,600 5,849 8,306 9,724 10,995 28,200 5,936 8,423 9,854 11,140 28,800 6,023 8,539 9,984 11,285 29,400 6,110 8,655 10,114 11,430 30,000 6,205 8,782 10,256 11,588 30,600 6,305 8,915 10,405 11,754 31,200 6,405 9,048 10,554 11,921 31,800 6,503 9,181 10,703 12,087 32,400 6,596 9,315 10,852 12,253 33,000 6,689 9,448 11,001 12,419 33,600 6,782 9,581 11,151 12,605 34,200 6,875 9,716 11,318 12,791 34,800 6,966 9,861 11,485 12,977 35,400 7,061 9,998 11,652 13,163 36,000 7,158 10,132 11,819 13,349 36,600 7,255 10,266 11,986 13,535 37,200 7,352 10,399 12,151 13,721 37,800 7,449 10,533 12,313 13,908 38,400 7,546 10,666 12,465 14,092 39,000 7,643 10,800 12,617 14,274 39,600 7,740 10,933 12,769 14,456 40,200 7,837 11,067 12,921 14,623 40,800 7,934 11,201 13,070 14,769 41,400 8,031 11,334 13,192 14,906 42,000 8,128 11,453 13,314 15,041 42,600 8,222 11,564 13,435 15,177 43,200 8,304 11,674 13,577 15,313 43,800 8,387 11,785 13,679 15,448 44,400 8,469 11,895 13,800 15,584 45,000 8,551 12,006 13,922 15,720 45,600 8,633 12,116 14,043 15,855 46,200 8,715 12,227 14,165 15,991 46,800 8,797 12,337 14,287 16,126 47,400 8,879 12,448 14,408 16,262 48,000 8,961 12,558 14,530 16,376 48,600 9,043 12,668 14,642 16,487 49,200 9,125 12,779 14,742 16,598 49,800 9,207 12,879 14,841 16,709 50,400 9,290 12,979 14,941 16,820 51,000 9,372 13,079 15,041 16,932 51,600 9,455 13,180 15,140 17,043 52,200 9,538 13,280 15,240 17,154 52,800 9,621 13,380 15,340 17,265 53,400 9,703 13,480 15,432 17,376 54,000 9,786 13,580 15,539 17,487 54,600 9,869 13,680 15,639 17,598 55,200 9,952 13,780 15,738 17,716 55,800 10,034 13,881 15,838 17,849 56,400 10,117 13,981 15,954 17,983 57,000 10,200 14,085 16,074 18,117 57,600 10,283 14,195 16,194 18,250 58,200 10,369 14,306 16,314 18,384 58,800 10,455 14,417 16,434 18,518 59,400 10,542 14,528 16,554 18,651 60,000 10,628 14,638 16,674 18,785 60,600 10,715 14,749 16,793 18,919 61,200 10,801 14,860 16,913 19,052 61,800 10,888 14,971 17,033 19,186 62,400 10,974 15,081 17,153 19,320 63,000 11,061 15,192 17,273 19,451 63,600 11,147 15,303 17,392 19,582 64,200 11,234 15,414 17,509 19,712 64,800 11,320 15,522 17,626 19,843 65,400 11,406 15,628 17,743 19,973 66,000 11,490 15,735 17,860 20,103 66,600 11,575 15,842 17,977 20,234 67,200 11,659 15,949 18,094 20,364 67,800 11,743 16,056 18,211 20,495 68,400 11,827 16,163 18,328 20,625 69,000 11,911 16,270 18,445 20,755 69,600 11,995 16,377 18,562 20,886 70,200 12,080 16,483 18,679 21,016 70,800 12,164 16,590 18,796 21,147 71,400 12,248 16,697 18,913 21,277 72,000 12,332 16,804 19,030 21,408 72,600 12,416 16,911 19,147 21,538 73,200 12,500 17,018 19,264 21,668 73,800 12,585 17,125 19,381 21,799 74,400 12,662 17,232 19,498 21,936 75,000 12,733 17,338 19,617 22,076 75,600 12,805 17,445 19,743 22,216 76,200 12,877 17,560 19,868 22,356 76,800 12,949 17,676 19,994 22,496 77,400 13,024 17,785 20,119 22,636 78,000 13,101 17,885 20,245 22,776 78,600 13,178 17,984 20,370 22,916 79,200 13,254 18,083 20,496 23,056 79,800 13,331 18,182 20,622 23,196 80,400 13,408 18,282 20,743 23,336 81,000 13,485 18,381 20,850 23,476 81,600 13,562 18,480 20,957 23,616 82,200 13,639 18,579 21,064 23,756 82,800 13,715 18,678 21,171 23,896 83,400 13,792 18,778 21,278 24,035 84,000 13,869 18,877 21,385 24,154 84,600 13,946 18,976 21,492 24,273 85,200 14,023 19,075 21,599 24,393 85,800 14,100 19,174 21,707 24,512 86,400 14,177 19,274 21,814 24,632 87,000 14,253 19,373 21,921 34,751 87,600 14,338 19,483 22,039 24,883 88,200 14,424 19,593 22,158 25,015 88,800 14,509 19,702 22,276 25,148 89,400 14,594 19,812 22,395 25,280 90,000 14,679 19,922 22,514 25,410 90,600 14,764 20,032 22,632 25,537 91,200 14,849 20,142 22,751 25,665 91,800 14,934 20,251 22,865 25,792 92,400 15,019 20,361 22,979 25,919 93,000 15,104 20,467 23,093 26,046 93,600 15,189 20,571 23,207 26,173 94,200 15,272 20,674 23,320 26,300 94,800 15,349 20,778 23,434 26,427 95,400 15,427 20,881 23,548 26,554 96,000 15,504 20,985 23,662 26,681 96,600 15,582 21,089 23,776 26,808 97,200 15,659 21,192 23,890 26,935 97,800 15,736 21,296 24,004 27,062 98,400 15,814 21,399 24,118 27,189 99,000 15,891 21,503 24,232 27,316 99,600 15,969 21,606 24,346 27,443 100,200 16,046 21,710 24,460 27,570 100,800 16,123 21,814 24,574 27,697 101,400 16,201 21,917 24,688 27,824 102,000 16,278 22,021 24,802 27,951 102,600 16,356 22,124 24,916 28,078 103,200 16,433 22,228 25,030 28,205 103,800 16,510 22,331 25,143 28,332 104,400 16,588 22,435 25,257 28,459 105,000 16,665 22,539 25,371 28,586 105,600 16,743 22,642 25,485 28,713 106,200 16,820 22,746 25,599 28,840 106,800 16,897 22,849 25,713 28,966 107,400 16,975 22,953 25,827 29,093 108,000 17,052 23,056 25,940 29,219 108,600 17,130 23,160 26,053 29,345 109,200 17,207 23,266 26,167 29,471 109,800 17,284 23,372 26,280 29,598 110,400 17,364 23,478 26,393 29,724 111,000 17,447 23,584 26,506 29,850 111,600 17,529 23,690 26,620 29,976 112,200 17,611 23,796 26,733 30,103 112,800 17,694 23,902 26,846 30,229 113,400 17,776 24,008 26,959 30,355 114,000 17,858 24,114 27,073 30,481 114,600 17,940 24,220 27,186 30,608 115,200 18,023 24,326 27,299 30,734 115,800 18,105 24,432 27,412 30,860 116,400 18,187 24,538 27,525 30,986 117,000 18,270 24,644 27,639 31,113 117,600 18,352 24,750 27,752 31,239 118,200 18,434 24,856 27,865 31,365 118,800 18,517 24,962 27,978 31,491 119,400 18,599 25,068 28,092 31,618 120,000 18,681 25,174 28,205 31,744 120,600 18,763 25,280 28,318 31,870 121,200 18,846 25,386 28,431 31,997 121,800 18,928 25,492 28,545 32,123 122,400 19,010 25,598 28,658 32,249 123,000 19,093 25,704 28,771 32,375 123,600 19,175 25,810 28,884 32,502 124,200 19,257 25,916 28,998 32,628 124,800 19,339 26,022 29,111 32,754 125,400 19,422 26,128 29,224 32,880 126,000 19,504 26,234 29,337 33,007 126,600 19,586 26,340 29,450 33,133 127,200 19,669 26,447 29,564 33,259 127,800 19,748 26,553 29,677 33,385 128,400 19,827 26,659 29,790 33,512 129,000 19,905 26,765 29,903 33,638 129,600 19,983 26,871 30,017 33,764 130,200 20,062 26,977 30,130 33,892 130,800 20,140 27,080 30,243 34,022 131,400 20,219 27,181 30,357 34,152 132,000 20,297 27,282 20,473 34,281 132,600 20,376 27,383 30,590 34,411 133,200 20,454 27,484 30,706 34,541 133,800 20,533 27,585 30,820 34,671 134,400 20,611 27,686 30,931 34,801 135,000 20,688 27,787 31,042 34,931 135,600 20,765 27,888 31,153 35,060 136,200 20,842 27,989 31,264 35,190 136,800 20,918 28,090 31,375 35,319 137,400 20,995 28,191 31,486 35,442 138,000 21,072 28,292 31,597 35,566 138,600 21,149 28,392 31,708 35,690 139,200 21,225 28,493 31,819 35,814 139,800 21,302 28,594 31,930 35,937 140,400 21,379 28,695 32,041 36,061 141,000 21,456 28,796 32,152 36,185 141,600 21,532 28,897 32,263 36,309 142,200 21,609 28,998 32,374 36,432 142,800 21,686 29,099 32,485 36,556 143,400 21,763 29,200 32,596 36,680 144,000 21,839 29,301 32,707 36,804 144,600 21,916 29,402 32,818 36,928 145,200 21,993 29,503 32,929 37,051 145,800 22,070 29,604 33,040 37,175 146,400 22,147 29,705 33,151 37,299 147,000 22,223 29,805 33,262 37,423 147,600 22,300 29,906 33,373 37,546 148,200 22,377 30,007 33,484 37,670 148,800 22,454 30,108 33,595 37,794 149,400 22,530 30,209 33,706 37,918 150,000 22,607 30,310 33,817 38,041 150,600 22,684 30,411 33,928 38,165 151,200 22,761 30,512 34,039 38,289 151,800 22,837 30,613 34,150 38,413 152,400 22,914 30,714 34,261 38,536 153,000 22,991 30,815 34,372 38,660 153,600 23,068 30,916 34,483 38,784 154,200 23,144 31,017 34,594 38,908 154,800 23,221 31,118 34,705 39,031 155,400 23,298 31,219 34,816 39,155 156,000 23,375 31,319 34,927 39,279 156,600 23,452 31,420 35,038 39,403 157,200 23,528 31,521 35,149 39,527 157,800 23,605 31,622 35,260 39,650 158,400 23,682 31,723 35,371 39,774 159,000 23,759 31,824 35,482 39,898 159,600 23,835 31,925 35,593 40,022 160,200 23,912 32,026 35,704 40,145 160,800 23,989 32,127 35,815 40,269 161,400 24,066 32,228 35,926 40,393 162,000 24,142 32,329 36,037 40,517 162,600 24,219 32,430 36,148 40,640 163,200 24,296 32,531 36,259 40,764 163,800 24,373 32,632 36,370 40,888 164,400 24,449 32,732 36,481 41,012 165,000 24,526 32,833 36,592 41,135 165,600 24,603 32,934 36,703 41,259 166,200 24,680 33,035 36,814 41,383 166,800 24,757 33,136 36,925 41,507 167,400 24,833 33,237 37,036 41,630 168,000 24,910 33,338 37,147 41,735 168,600 24,987 33,439 37,258 41,836 169,200 25,064 33,540 37,366 41,937 169,800 25,140 33,641 37,457 42,039 170,400 25,217 33,742 37,548 42,140 171,000 25,294 33,837 37,639 42,242 171,600 25,371 33,924 37,730 42,343 172,200 25,447 34,012 37,821 42,445 172,800 25,520 34,100 37,912 42,546 173,400 25,591 34,187 38,003 42,648 174,000 25,662 34,275 38,094 42,749 174,600 25,733 34,363 38,184 42,850 175,200 25,804 34,451 38,275 42,952 175,800 25,876 34,538 38,366 43,053 176,400 25,947 34,626 38,457 43,155 177,000 26,018 34,714 38,548 43,256 177,600 26,089 34,802 38,639 43,358 178,200 26,160 34,889 38,730 43,459 178,800 26,231 34,977 38,821 43,561 179,400 26,302 35,065 38,912 43,662 180,000 26,374 35,152 39,003 43,764 180,600 26,445 35,240 39,094 43,865 181,200 26,516 35,328 39,185 43,966 181,800 26,587 35,416 39,276 44,068 182,400 26,658 35,503 39,367 44,169 183,000 26,729 35,591 39,458 44,271 183,600 26,801 35,679 39,549 44,372 184,200 26,872 35,767 39,640 44,474 184,800 26,943 35,854 39,731 44,575 185,400 27,014 35,942 39,822 44,677 186,000 27,085 36,030 39,913 44,778 186,600 27,156 36,117 40,004 44,879 187,200 27,227 36,205 40,095 44,981 187,800 27,299 36,293 40,186 45,082 188,400 27,370 36,381 40,277 45,184 189,000 27,441 36,468 40,368 45,285 189,600 27,512 36,556 40,459 45,387 190,200 27,583 36,644 40,550 45,488 190,800 27,654 36,732 40,641 45,590 191,400 27,725 36,819 40,732 45,691 192,000 27,797 36,907 40,823 45,793 192,600 27,868 36,995 40,914 45,894 193,200 27,939 37,082 41,005 45,995 193,800 28,010 37,170 41,096 46,097 194,400 28,081 37,258 41,187 46,198 195,000 28,151 37,346 41,278 46,300 195,600 28,216 37,433 41,369 46,401 196,200 28,282 37,521 41,460 46,503 196,800 28,347 37,609 41,551 46,604 197,400 28,412 37,697 41,642 46,706 198,000 28,478 37,784 41,733 46,807 198,600 28,543 37,864 41,824 46,908 199,200 28,608 37,945 41,915 47,010 199,800 28,674 38,025 42,006 47,111 200,400 28,739 38,106 42,097 47,213 201,000 28,804 38,187 42,188 47,314 201,600 28,870 38,267 42,272 47,416 202,200 28,935 38,348 42,356 47,517 202,800 29,000 38,428 42,439 47,619 203,400 29,066 38,509 42,523 47,720 204,000 29,131 38,589 42,606 47,821 204,600 29,196 38,670 42,690 47,917 205,200 29,262 38,750 42,773 48,010 205,800 29,327 38,831 42,857 48,103 206,400 29,392 38,912 42,941 48,196 207,000 29,458 38,992 43,024 48,289 207,600 29,523 39,073 43,108 48,383 208,200 29,588 39,153 43,191 48,476 208,800 29,654 39,234 43,275 48,569 209,400 29,719 39,314 43,358 48,662 210,000 29,784 39,395 43,442 48,755 210,600 29,850 39,476 43,525 48,848 211,200 29,915 39,556 43,609 48,942 211,800 29,980 39,637 43,693 49,035 212,400 30,046 39,717 43,776 49,128 213,000 30,111 39,798 43,860 49,221 213,600 30,176 39,878 43,943 49,314 214,200 30,242 39,959 44,027 49,407 214,800 30,307 40,039 44,110 49,501 215,400 30,372 40,120 44,194 49,594 216,000 30,438 40,201 44,277 49,687 216,600 30,503 40,281 44,361 49,780 217,200 30,568 40,362 44,445 49,873 217,800 30,634 40,442 44,528 49,966 218,400 30,699 40,523 44,612 50,060 219,000 30,764 40,603 44,695 50,153 219,600 30,830 40,684 44,779 50,246 220,200 30,895 40,765 44,862 50,339 220,800 30,960 40,845 44,946 50,432 221,400 31,026 40,926 45,029 50,525 222,000 31,091 41,006 45,113 50,619 222,600 31,156 41,087 45,197 50,712 223,200 31,222 41,167 45,280 50,805 223,800 31,287 41,248 45,364 50,898 224,400 31,352 41,329 45,447 50,991 225,000 31,418 41,409 45,531 51,084 225,600 31,483 41,490 45,614 51,178 226,200 31,548 41,570 45,698 51,271 226,800 31,614 41,651 45,782 51,364 227,400 31,679 41,731 45,865 51,457 228,000 31,744 41,812 45,949 51,550 228,600 31,810 41,892 46,032 51,643 229,200 31,875 41,973 46,116 51,737 229,800 31,941 42,054 46,199 51,830 230,400 32,006 42,134 46,283 51,923 231,000 32,071 42,215 46,366 52,016 231,600 32,137 42,295 46,450 52,109 232,200 32,202 42,376 46,534 52,202 232,800 32,267 42,456 46,617 52,296 233,400 32,333 42,537 46,701 52,389 234,000 32,398 42,618 46,784 52,482 234,600 32,463 42,698 46,868 52,575 235,200 32,529 42,779 46,951 52,668 235,800 32,594 42,859 47,035 52,761 236,400 32,659 42,940 47,118 52,885 237,000 32,725 43,020 47,202 52,948 237,600 32,790 43,101 47,286 53,041 238,200 32,855 43,181 47,369 53,137 238,800 32,921 43,262 47,453 53,235 239,400 32,986 43,343 47,536 53,332 240,000 33,051 43,423 47,621 53,429
[The above appendices supplement § 16-916.01 , Child Support Guideline.]
D.C. Code § 16-4702 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 47 / § 16-4702
§ 16-4702. Compelled disclosure prohibited.
Status: in_force

Except as provided in section 16-4703  , no judicial, legislative, administrative, or other body with the power to issue a subpoena shall compel any person who is or has been employed by the news media in a news gathering or news disseminating capacity to disclose:
(1) The source of any news or information procured by the person while employed by the news media and acting in an official news gathering capacity, whether or not the source has been promised confidentiality; or
(2) Any news or information procured by the person while employed by the news media in the course of pursuing professional activities that is not itself communicated in the news media, including any:
  (A) Notes;
  (B) Outtakes;
  (C) Photographs or photographic negatives;
  (D) Video or sound tapes;
  (E) Film; or
  (F) Other data, irrespective of its nature, not itself communicated in the news media.
D.C. Code § 16-1002 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 10 / § 16-1002
§ 16-1002. Complaint of criminal conduct.
Status: in_force

A petitioner has a right to seek relief under this subchapter. This right does not depend on the decision of the Attorney General, the United States Attorney for the District of Columbia, or a prosecuting attorney in any jurisdiction to initiate or not to initiate a criminal or delinquency case or on the pendency or termination of a criminal or delinquency case involving the same parties or issues. Testimony of the respondent in any civil proceedings under this subchapter shall be inadmissible as evidence in a criminal trial or delinquency proceeding except in a prosecution for perjury or false statement.
D.C. Code § 16-801 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 8 / § 16-801
§ 16-801. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this chapter, the term:
  (1) "Clerk" means the Clerk of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
  (2) "Completion of the sentence" means the person has been unconditionally discharged from incarceration, commitment, probation, parole, or supervised release, whichever is latest; provided, that nonpayment of fines, restitution, or any other monetary assessments imposed by the Court shall not prevent completion of a sentence.
  (3) "Conviction" means the entry of judgment on a verdict or a finding of guilty, a plea of guilty or a plea of nolo contendere, or a plea or verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity.
  (4) "Court" means the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
  (5) "Public" means any person, agency, organization, or entity other than any:
    (A) Court;
    (B) Federal, state, or local prosecutor;
    (C) Law enforcement agency;
    (D) Licensing agency, with respect to a criminal offense that may disqualify a person from obtaining that license;
    (E) Licensed school, day care center, before or after school facility or other educational or child protection agency or facility; and
    (F) Government employer or nominating or tenure commission with respect to:
      (i) Employment of a judicial or quasi-judicial officer; or
      (ii) Employment at a senior-level, executive-grade government position.
D.C. Code § 16-2399.06 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2399.06
§ 16-2399.06. Adjudicatory hearings.
Status: in_force

(a) The court shall begin the adjudicatory hearing by determining whether all parties are present and whether proper notice of the hearing has been given.
(b) All parties have the right to present evidence and cross-examine witnesses.
(c) The court shall hear evidence presented by the parties and the burden of proof shall rest upon the proposed guardian or vulnerable youth.
(d) Every party shall have the right to present evidence, to be heard on his or her own behalf, and to cross-examine witnesses called by another party.
(e) All evidence which is relevant, material, and competent to the issues before the court shall be admitted.
(f) Notwithstanding the provisions of §§ 14-306 and 14-307 , neither the spouse or domestic partner privilege nor the physician/client or mental health professional/client privilege shall be a ground for excluding evidence in any proceeding brought under this subchapter .
(g) The court may enter, modify, or terminate a guardianship order after considering all of the evidence presented, and after making a determination based upon a preponderance of the evidence that creation, modification, or termination of the guardianship order is in the vulnerable youth's best interests. If the court does not find that sufficient grounds exist to create, modify, or terminate a guardianship order, the petition may be dismissed.
D.C. Code § 16-4602.08 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4602.08
§ 16-4602.08. Jurisdiction declined by reason of conduct.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as otherwise provided in § 16-4602.04 , if a court of the District has jurisdiction under this chapter because a person seeking to invoke its jurisdiction has engaged in unjustifiable conduct, the court shall decline to exercise its jurisdiction unless:
  (1) The parents and all persons acting as parents have acquiesced in the exercise of jurisdiction;
  (2) A court of the state otherwise having jurisdiction under §§ 16-4602.01 through 16-4602.03 determines that the District is a more appropriate forum under § 16-4602.07 ; or
  (3) No court of any other state would have jurisdiction under the criteria specified in §§ 16-4602.01 through 16-4602.03 .
(b) If a court of the District declines to exercise its jurisdiction pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, it may fashion an appropriate remedy to ensure the safety of the child and prevent a repetition of the unjustifiable conduct, including staying the proceeding until a child-custody proceeding is commenced in a court having jurisdiction under §§ 16-4602.01 through 16-4602.03 .
(c) If a court dismisses a petition or stays a proceeding because it declines to exercise its jurisdiction pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, it shall assess against the party seeking to invoke its jurisdiction necessary and reasonable expenses, including costs, communication expenses, attorney’s fees, investigative fees, expenses for witnesses, travel expenses, and child care during the course of the proceedings, unless the party from whom fees are sought establishes that the assessment would be clearly inappropriate. The court may not assess fees, costs, or expenses against the District unless authorized by law other than this chapter.
D.C. Code § 16-5623 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 56 / § 16-5623
§ 16-5623. Enforcement of confirmed award.
Status: in_force

(a) The Superior Court shall enforce an award confirmed under § 16-5616 , including a temporary award, in the manner and to the same extent as any other order or judgment of the court.
(b) The Superior Court shall enforce an arbitration award in a family law dispute confirmed by a court in another state in the manner and to the same extent as any other order or judgment from another state.
D.C. Code § 16-2703 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 27 / § 16-2703
§ 16-2703. Distribution of damages.
Status: in_force

The damages recovered in an action pursuant to this chapter, except the amount specified by the verdict or judgment covering the reasonable expenses of last illness and burial, may not be appropriated to the payment of the debts or liabilities of the deceased person, but inure to the benefit of his or her family and shall be distributed to the spouse and next of kin according to the allocation made by the verdict or judgment, or in the absence of an allocation, according to the provisions of the statute of distribution in force in the District.
D.C. Code § 16-2310.01 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2310.01
§ 16-2310.01. Separation of young children detained prior to a hearing.
Status: in_force

The Director of the Department of Human Services and the Director of Social Services shall ensure that each child at risk who is detained, however briefly, pursuant to section 16-2311(a)(2)   or (b)(1) shall be physically separated at all times, except during transportation, from children or other detainees 13 years of age or older, from any child under the age of 13 who has been detained on the ground that there is probable cause to believe the child has committed a crime of violence, as defined in section 23-1331(4)  , or in any other manner deemed to ensure the safety of the child. Neither the Department of Human Services nor the Director of Social Services shall deliver a child under the age of 13 to the custody of the United States Marshals Service. For the purposes of this section, “child at risk” means a child under the age of 13 or any child 13 years of age or older who, because of his or her size or physical stature, is determined to be especially physically or psychologically vulnerable to attacks by other children.
D.C. Code § 16-2851 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 28A / § 16-2851
§ 16-2851. Calculating economic damages.
Status: in_force

(a) In a civil action for personal injury or wrongful death, any estimations, measures, or calculations of past, present, or future damages for lost earnings or impaired earning capacity shall not be reduced based on actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity or expression, as those terms are defined or used in [Unit A of Chapter 14 of Title 2] .
(b) This section shall apply to all civil actions for personal injury or wrongful death, except for civil actions resolved by court order, jury verdict, or settlement before February 23, 2023.
D.C. Code § 16-3706 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 37 / § 16-3706
§ 16-3706. Publication against defendant.
Status: in_force

When the officer’s return of a writ of replevin is that he has taken possession of the goods and chattels sued for, but indicates that personal service on the defendant could not be made, the court, subject to the provisions of section 13-340   as to mailing notice, may order that the defendant appear to the action by a fixed day. The plaintiff shall cause notice of the order to be given by publication in a newspaper published in the District at least three times, the first publication to be at least twenty days before the day fixed for the defendant’s appearance.
D.C. Code § 16-908 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 9 / § 16-908
§ 16-908. Relationship not dependent on marriage or domestic partnership.
Status: in_force

A child is the legitimate child of any parent under which a parent-child relationship is established pursuant to § 16-909 , and is the legitimate relative of its parents’ relatives by blood or adoption and entitled to all rights, privileges, duties, and obligations under the laws of the District of Columbia.
D.C. Code § 16-3546 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 35 / § 16-3546
§ 16-3546. Usurping corporate franchise; judgment.
Status: in_force

Where a quo warranto proceeding is against persons acting as a corporation without being legally incorporated, the judgment against the defendants shall be that they be perpetually restrained and enjoined from the commission or continuance of the acts complained of.
D.C. Code § 16-2323 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2323
§ 16-2323. Review of dispositional orders.
Status: in_force

(a) When a child has been adjudicated neglected and a dispositional order has been entered by the Division, the Division shall:
  (1) Hold a review hearing at least every 6 months for every child for as long as the child remains in an out-of-home placement, unless the child has received a permanency hearing within the past 6 months;
  (2) Hold a review hearing at least every year for all other children;
  (3) If reasonable efforts are not made pursuant to § 4-1301.09a , hold a permanency hearing within 30 days after the determination that reasonable efforts need not be made; and
  (4) Hold a permanency hearing for every child within 12 months after the child’s entry into foster care and at least every 6 months thereafter, for as long as the child remains in an out-of-home placement.
(b) The purpose of the review hearing shall include determining:
  (1) The safety of the child;
  (2) The continuing necessity for and appropriateness of the placement;
  (3) The extent of compliance with the case plan;
  (4) The extent of progress which has been made toward alleviating or mitigating the causes necessitating placement in foster care; and
  (5) A date by which the child may be returned to and safely maintained in the home or placed for adoption or other permanent placement.
(c) The purpose of the permanency hearing shall include the determination required by subsection (b) of this section and determining the permanency plan for the child including whether, and if so when, the child will be:
  (1) Returned to the parent;
  (2) Placed for adoption, in which case the District shall file a motion for termination of parental rights, unless an adoption petition has been filed, in which case the District shall seek to be joined as a party to the filed petition;
  (3) Placed pursuant to an award of legal custody or guardianship; or
  (4) Placed, because of compelling circumstances, in another planned permanent living arrangement, such as with a kinship caregiver, in another relative placement, or in independent living.
(d) At least 10 days prior to each review or permanency hearing the Division or the department, agency, or institution responsible for the supervision of the services to the child and his parent, guardian, or custodian shall submit a report to the Division which shall include, but not be limited to, the following information:
  (1) The services provided or offered to the child and his parent, guardian, or other custodian;
  (2) Any evidence of the amelioration of the condition which resulted in the finding of neglect and any evidence of new problems which would adversely affect the child;
  (3) An evaluation of the cooperation of the parent, guardian, or custodian with the Division or the applicable department, agency, or institution;
  (4) In those cases in which the custody of the child has been vested in a department, agency, institution, or person other than the parent:
    (A) The extent to which visitation has occurred and any reasons why visitation has not occurred or has been infrequent;
    (B) The estimated time in which the child can be returned to the home;
    (C) Whether the agency has initiated or intends to initiate the filing by the Corporation Counsel of a motion requesting the termination of the parent and child relationship and any reasons why it does not intend to initiate the filing of such a motion; and
    (D) For a child placed in another planned permanent living arrangement, the steps taken by the agency to ensure that the reasonable and prudent parent standard, as defined in [§ 4-1301.02(16A)] , has been followed and that the child has opportunities to engage in age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate activities; and
  (5) Any other information as may be required by rules of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
(e) A notice of a review or permanency hearing under this section shall be given to all parties and their attorneys of record as prescribed by rules of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
(f) If the Division finds that the commitment of the child to a department, agency, institution or person other than the parent is no longer necessary to safeguard the welfare of the child, the Division may order:
  (1) The child returned to the home and the provision of supervision or other services; or
  (2) Any other disposition authorized by § 16-2320(a) .
(g) When a child has been adjudicated delinquent and a dispositional order has been entered by the Division pursuant to § 16-2320 , the Director of Court Social Services or the Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services, whichever is responsible for supervision of the disposition order, shall conduct periodic assessments of the child, and at least once every 90 days in the case of the Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services, to:
  (1) Determine if rehabilitative progress has been made and if the services provided to the child have been effective;
  (2) Determine, in conjunction with the child, the child's attorney, and the Office of the Attorney General, what steps, if any, should be taken to ensure the rehabilitation and welfare of the child and the safety of the public; and
  (3) Update the child's individualized rehabilitation plan completed pursuant to § 16-2319 as necessary.".
(h) (1) Not more than once in a 4-month period, the child, or the child's parent, guardian, or custodian may petition the Division to modify a dispositional order, issued pursuant to § 16-2320 , on the grounds that the child is not receiving appropriate services or level of placement.
  (2) If the Division finds that the child is not receiving appropriate services or level of placement, the Division may specify a plan for services that will promote the rehabilitation and welfare of the child and the safety of the public, except that the Division may not specify the treatment provider or facility.
  (3) For a child adjudicated delinquent and committed to the Department of Youth Rehabilitation, the Division may consider whether the child is receiving appropriate services or level of placement consistent with the individualized rehabilitation plan developed pursuant to § 16-2319.
D.C. Code § 16-1109 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1109
§ 16-1109. Recovery of mesne profits and damages; separate count.
Status: in_force

(a) The plaintiff may embody in his complaint, in a separate count, a claim for the:
  (1) mesne profits received by the defendant from the property sued for; or
  (2) clear value of the use and occupation of the property sued for —
extending to the time of the verdict, and also damages for waste or injury to the premises during that period.
(b) If the jury find for the plaintiff, they may, at the same time, find and assess the mesne profits, or the value of the use and occupation and the amount of damages, specified by subsection (a) of this section. Except in the case provided for by § 16-1116 , there shall be rendered, besides a judgment for the recovery of the property, a judgment against the defendant for the amount so found by the jury.
D.C. Code § 16-4018 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 40 / § 16-4018
§ 16-4018. Waiver and preclusion of privilege.
Status: in_force

(a) A privilege under § 16-4017 may be waived in a record or orally during a proceeding if it is expressly waived by all parties entitled to claim the privilege at issue and, in the case of the privilege of a nonparty participant, it is also expressly waived by the nonparty participant.
(b) A person that makes a disclosure or representation about a collaborative law communication that prejudices another person in a proceeding may not assert a privilege under § 16-4017 , but this preclusion applies only to the extent necessary for the person prejudiced to respond to the disclosure or representation.
D.C. Code § 16-546 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-546
§ 16-546. Attachments of credits.
Status: in_force

An attachment shall be levied upon credits of the defendant, in the hands of a garnishee, by serving the garnishee with a copy of the writ of attachment and of the interrogatories accompanying the writ, and a notice that any property or credits of the defendant in his hands are seized by virtue of the attachment.
D.C. Code § 16-2345 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2345
§ 16-2345. New birth record upon marriage or determination of  parents.
Status: in_force

(a) When a certified copy of a marriage certificate is submitted to the Registrar, establishing that the previously unwed parents of a child born out of wedlock have intermarried subsequent to the birth of the child, and the parentage of the child has been judicially determined or acknowledged by each of the parents, or when the parenthood of a child born out of wedlock has been established by judicial process or by acknowledgement by the person whose parenthood is thus determined, or when an agreement and affidavit that meet the requirements of section 16-909.01(a)(2) are submitted to the Registrar, or when a consent to parent a child born by artificial insemination pursuant to sections 16-909(e)(1)(A) and 7-231.08(l)(6) , is submitted to the Registrar, a new certificate of birth bearing the original date of birth and the names of both parents shall be issued and substituted for the certificate of birth then on file. The new birth certificate shall nowhere on its face show that the parentage has been established by judicial process or by acknowledgement. The original certificate of birth and all papers pertaining to the issuance of the new certificate shall be placed under seal and opened for inspection only upon order of the Family Division.
(b) Voluntary acknowledgments and adjudications of paternity by administrative processes that meet federal requirements and are obtained in accordance with sections 16-909.03 through 16-909.05 and 16-2342.01(c), shall be filed with the Registrar of Vital Records.
D.C. Code § 16-502 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 5 / § 16-502
§ 16-502. Service of notice; publication.
Status: in_force

(a) A writ issued pursuant to section 16-501 shall require the marshal to serve a notice on the defendant, if he is found in the District, and on any person in whose possession any property or credits of the defendant may be attached, to appear in the court on or before the twentieth day, exclusive of Sundays and legal holidays after service of the notice, and show cause, if any there be, why the property so attached should not be condemned and execution thereof had. The marshal’s return shall show the fact of the service.
(b) If the defendant is returned “Not to be found,” the notice shall be given by publication to the following effect, namely:
In the United States District Court (Superior Court of the District of Columbia) for the District of Columbia.
A B, plaintiff,
versus          Civil Action No. _____.
C D, defendant,
The object of this suit is to recover (here state it briefly) and to have judgment of condemnation of certain property of the defendant levied on under an attachment issued in this suit to satisfy the plaintiff’s claim.
It is, therefore, this __ day of ____, ordered that the defendant appear in this court or before the fortieth day, exclusive of Sundays and legal holidays, after the day of the first publication of this order, to defend this suit and show cause why the condemnation should not be had; otherwise the suit will be proceeded with as in case of default.
By the court:
________, Judge.
(c) The order shall be published at least once a week for three successive weeks or oftener, or for such further time and in such manner as the court orders.
D.C. Code § 16-4431 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 44 / § 16-4431
§ 16-4431. Disclosure of arbitration costs.
Status: in_force

(a) A party drafting a consumer arbitration agreement shall clearly and conspicuously disclose in regard to any arbitration:
  (1) The filing fee;
  (2) The average daily cost for an arbitrator and hearing room if the consumer elects to appear in person;
  (3) Other charges that the arbitrator or arbitration organization will assess in conjunction with an arbitration where the consumer appears in person; and
  (4) The proportion of these costs which each party bears in the event that the consumer prevails, and in the event that the consumer does not prevail.
(b) The costs specified in subsection (a) of this section need not include attorney fees, and, to the extent that, with regard to the disclosures required by subsection (a) of this section, a precise amount is not known, the disclosures may be based on reasonable, good-faith estimates. A party providing a reasonable, good-faith cost estimate shall not be liable in any manner for the fact that the actual cost of a particular arbitration varies from the estimate provided.
(c) (1) Failure to comply with this section is not grounds to refuse to enforce an arbitration agreement, but may constitute a violation of § 28-3904 .
  (2) The information provided in the disclosure can be considered in a determination of whether an arbitration agreement is unconscionable or otherwise is not enforceable under other law.
(d) Where this section is violated, any person or entity, including the Attorney General of the District of Columbia, can request a court to enjoin the drafting party from violating this section as to agreements it enters into in the future. The drafting party shall be liable to the person or entity bringing such an action for that person or entity’s reasonable attorney fees and costs where the court issues an injunction or where, after the action is commenced, the drafting party voluntarily complies with the section.
D.C. Code § 16-2318 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 23 / § 16-2318
§ 16-2318. Order of adjudication noncriminal.
Status: in_force

A consent decree, order of adjudication, or order of disposition in a proceeding under this subchapter is not a conviction of crime and does not impose any civil disability ordinarily resulting from a conviction, except the revocation of a motor vehicle operator’s permit or privilege in accordance with [ § 50-1403.02 ], nor does it operate to disqualify a child in any future civil service examination, appointment or application for public service examination, or appointment or application for public service in either the Government of the United States or of the District of Columbia.
D.C. Code § 16-4603.17 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 46 / § 16-4603.17
§ 16-4603.17. Costs and expenses.
Status: in_force

If the respondent is not the prevailing party, the court may assess against the respondent all direct expenses and costs incurred by the Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia and Metropolitan Police Department or other law enforcement officers under section 16-4603.15   or section 16-4603.16  .
D.C. Code § 16-5615 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 56 / § 16-5615
§ 16-5615. Award.
Status: in_force

(a) An arbitrator shall make an award in a record, dated and signed by the arbitrator. The arbitrator shall give notice of the award to each party by a method agreed on by the parties or, if the parties have not agreed on a method, under the law and procedural rules of the District other than this chapter governing notice in contractual arbitration.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section, the award under this chapter shall state the reasons on which it is based unless otherwise agreed by the parties.
(c) An award determining a child-related dispute shall state the reasons on which it is based as required by law of the District other than this chapter for a Superior Court order in a family law proceeding.
(d) An award under this chapter is not enforceable as a judgment until confirmed under § 16-5616 .
D.C. Code § 16-1701 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 17 / § 16-1701
§ 16-1701. Invalidity of gaming contracts.
Status: in_force

(a) A thing in action, judgment, mortgage, or other security or conveyance made and executed by a person in which any part of the consideration is for money or other valuable things won by playing at any game whatsoever, or by betting on the sides or hands of persons who play, or for the reimbursement or payment of any money knowingly lent or advanced for the purpose, or lent or advanced at the time and place of the play or bet, to a person so playing or betting or who, during the play, so plays or bets, is void except as provided by subsection (b) of this section.
(b) If the mortgage, security, or other conveyance affects real property, it shall inure to the sole benefit of, and devolve upon, the persons who might have, or be entitled to, the property, as if the person who executed the instrument had died immediately after its execution, or as if the instrument had been made to the persons so entitled after the death of the person who executed it. A grant or conveyance made for the purpose of preventing the real property from coming to, or devolving upon, the persons intended by this section to enjoy the property as herein provided is fraudulent and void.
(c) This section does not affect the validity of negotiable instruments embraced by subtitle I of Title 28 .
D.C. Code § 16-1157 — DC Code / Title 16 / Chapter 11 / § 16-1157
§ 16-1157. Preservation of life tenants’ rights if living at time of return.
Status: in_force

When a guardian, trustee, or other person holding an estate or interest determinable upon the life of another person, shows by affidavit or otherwise to the satisfaction of the court, that:
(1) he has used his utmost efforts to procure the tenant for life to appear in the court or elsewhere, according to the order of the court;
(2) he can not procure or compel him so to appear; and
(3) the tenant for life is or was living at the time of the return made and filed, as prescribed by this subchapter —
he may continue in the possession of the estate, and receive the rents and profits for and during the infancy of the infant, or for and during the life of any other person on whose life the estate or interest depends.