Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-99g — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-99g
Sec. 14-99g. Definitions. Tinted or reflectorized windows. Obstruction of view prohibited. Exceptions. Sale or delivery of motor vehicles having tinted or reflectorized windows prohibited. Stickers required. Penalty. Window tinting businesses. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(1) “Light transmission” means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, which is allowed to pass through a product or material including the glazing to the amount of total light falling on the product or material and the glazing.

(2) “Luminous reflectance” means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, which is reflected outward by a product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.

(3) “Manufacturer” means (A) a person who engages in the manufacturing or assembling of sun screening products or materials designed to be used in conjunction with vehicle glazing materials, or (B) a person who fabricates, laminates or tempers the glazing material incorporating the capacity to reflect or to reduce the transmittance of light during the manufacturing process.

(b) No person may operate any motor vehicle which has any object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed or applied in or on such vehicle in a manner so as to obstruct or reduce the operator's clear and full view of the road through the front windshield or the side or rear windows, except as provided in subsection (c) of this section. No person may place, install, affix or apply any transparent material on the front windshield or the side or rear windows of any motor vehicle if such material alters the color or reduces the light transmittance of such windshield or side or rear windows, except as provided in subsection (c) of this section. Any person required for medical reasons to be shielded from direct rays of the sun or any person operating a motor vehicle belonging to such person or in which such person is a usual passenger shall be exempt from the provisions of this subsection. Applications for such exemption based upon such medical reason shall be made in writing to the commissioner and shall be supported by the written documentation of a physician or optometrist licensed to practice in this state.

(c) The provisions of subsection (b) of this section shall not apply to:

(1) Front side wing vents and windows which are not mirror-like in appearance and have a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a total light transmission of not less than thirty-five per cent plus or minus three per cent and a luminous reflectance of twenty-seven per cent plus or minus three per cent;

(2) Rearview mirrors;

(3) Adjustable nontransparent sun visors which are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass;

(4) Signs, stickers or other materials which are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver or signs, stickers or other materials which are displayed in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver;

(5) The right and left side windows behind the driver and the rearmost window which shall not be mirror-like in appearance, having a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a total light transmission of not less than thirty-five per cent plus or minus three per cent and a luminous reflectance of twenty-one per cent to plus or minus three per cent;

(6) The windows behind the driver on any truck, motor bus, trailer, mobile manufactured home, or multipurpose passenger vehicle, as defined in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Section 571.3, as amended from time to time, provided said vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors on the left and right-hand sides which are so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least two hundred feet to the rear of such motor vehicle;

(7) Direction, destination or termination signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle, provided the signs do not interfere with the driver's clear view of approaching traffic;

(8) Rear window wiper motors;

(9) Rear trunk lid handle or hinges;

(10) The rearmost window or windows, provided the motor vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors on the left and right-hand sides of the vehicle which are so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least two hundred feet to the rear of such motor vehicle;

(11) Transparent material which is installed, affixed or applied to the topmost portion of the windshield, provided: (A) The bottom edge of the material is at least twenty-nine inches above the undepressed driver's seat when measured from a point five inches in front of the bottom of the backrest with the driver's seat in its rearmost and lowermost position with the vehicle on a level surface and (B) the material is not red or amber in color; or

(12) Any sticker or certificate required to be affixed or applied to any window pursuant to federal or state statute or any municipal ordinance.

(d) On and after July 1, 1996, no person shall sell, offer for sale or deliver in the state any motor vehicle having a windshield or any window which exceeds the standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section.

(e) Each motor vehicle manufactured and sold on and after January 1, 1994, having a window which has been tinted or darkened with any tinted material after factory delivery shall have affixed to the lower left corner of each such window a sticker legible from outside the vehicle which indicates the sticker registration number, a certification of compliance with the provisions of this section, and such other information as the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles deems appropriate. The sticker shall be of a type which is pressure-sensitive, self-destructive upon removal, and shall not exceed one square inch in size. Prior to shipping or making any such material available in this state, for installation in a motor vehicle, the manufacturer shall apply to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles for approval and registration of its tinted material and the sticker which is to be used in the identification and certification of compliance with the light transmission and reflectance standards established under this section. The commissioner shall not approve any tinted material or sticker unless the manufacturer demonstrates that the material and sticker comply with the provisions of this section. The manufacturer shall include with each delivery of tinted material in this state for installation in a motor vehicle a sticker, approved by the commissioner, with written instructions indicating the proper location for placement of such sticker. The presence of such sticker upon the window of a motor vehicle indicates that the person who affixed the sticker certifies that the window conforms to the standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section.

(f) Any person who violates any provision of subsections (b) to (e), inclusive, of this section shall be deemed to have committed an infraction for each offense. Any person who violates any provision of subsection (b) of this section shall remove such object or material which obstructs his clear and full view of the road and report within sixty days to the police department which issued the infractions complaint to present his vehicle for inspection and to demonstrate compliance with the provisions of this section. If such person fails to report to such police department and is cited for a subsequent violation of this section, his vehicle shall be impounded after notice and opportunity for hearing.

(g) Any person owning a vehicle having a window which has been tinted or darkened with any tinted material after factory delivery, shall present such vehicle to the Department of Motor Vehicles, by July 1, 1996, to receive a sticker for any tinted or darkened window to indicate such tinting or darkening is in compliance with this section. Any person operating a motor vehicle, on or after July 1, 1996, in violation of this subsection shall be deemed to have committed an infraction.

(h) The provisions of subsections (b) to (g), inclusive, of this section shall not apply to any motor vehicle in livery service, as defined in section 13b-101 .

(i) On or after October 1, 1993, each person, firm or corporation which engages in the business of tinting windows of motor vehicles or in the retail sale or installation of tinted material for such windows shall post conspicuously and at all times display at each service counter in its establishment a sign which shall (1) state the permissible standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section in block letters not less than three inches in height, (2) specify penalties for a violation of this section and (3) include actual tinted materials as examples.

(j) Each person, firm or corporation which engages in the business of tinting windows of motor vehicles and which performs such work from a mobile facility shall provide a written statement to the purchaser which shall state the permissible standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section and the penalties for a violation of this section.

(k) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to implement the provisions of this section.

See Sec. 14-99f re windshield and view requirements.

See Sec. 14-100 re safety glass requirement.

Cited. 40 CA 495.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-106b — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-106b
Sec. 14-106b. Properly functioning odometer required. Tampering with odometer prohibited.
Status: in_force

(b) No person or such person's agent shall remove, turn back or change the reading on the odometer of any motor vehicle required under the provisions of subsection (a) of this section or subsection (a) of section 14-106a to be equipped with an odometer, except in connection with the repair of such odometer either while installed in or removed from such motor vehicle and unless such person is licensed as a new car dealer, used car dealer or repairer pursuant to section 14-52 . Each odometer repaired and each new or used odometer installed in any motor vehicle required to be equipped with an odometer shall display mileage at least equal to the mileage displayed by the odometer in such motor vehicle immediately prior to such repair or replacement.

(c) No person shall sell, offer for sale, use, install or cause to be installed any device which causes the odometer in any motor vehicle required under the provisions of subsection (a) of this section or subsection (a) of section 14-106a to be so equipped to register any mileage other than the true mileage driven. For purposes of this section, the true mileage driven is that mileage driven by the vehicle as registered by the odometer within the manufacturer's designed tolerance.

(d) Any person violating the provisions of subsections (b) or (c) of this section shall be guilty of committing a class A misdemeanor. Any person violating the provisions of said subsections shall be liable for damages equal to three times the amount of actual damage or one thousand five hundred dollars, whichever is greater, court costs and reasonable attorney's fees and shall pay a civil penalty of not more than one thousand dollars for each violation. A violation of the provisions of said subsections shall be deemed to be an unfair trade practice within the provisions of chapter 735a. Any person licensed as a new car dealer, used car dealer or repairer pursuant to section 14-52 shall, in addition to the penalties imposed by this section, be subject to the suspension or revocation of such person's license as provided in section 14-64 .

See Sec. 14-65 re odometer turned back or changed prior to auction sale.

Cited. 33 CA 575.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-18 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-18
Sec. 14-18. Display of number plates and stickers. Issuance of sample number plates. Return of number plates to commissioner.
Status: repealed

(2) Each motor vehicle for which two number plates have been issued shall, while in use or operation upon any public highway, display in a conspicuous place at the front and the rear of such vehicle the number plates. The commissioner may issue a sticker denoting the expiration date of the registration. Such sticker shall be displayed in such place on the vehicle as the commissioner may direct. Such sticker may contain the corresponding letters and numbers of the number plate issued by the commissioner.

(b) Repealed by 1969, P.A. 247, S. 1.

(c) Official number plates when displayed upon motor vehicles shall be entirely unobscured and the numerals and letters thereon shall be plainly legible at all times. Such number plates shall be horizontal, and shall be fastened so as not to swing and, during the time when a motor vehicle is required to display lights, the rear number plate shall be so illuminated as to be legible at a distance of fifty feet. Nothing may be affixed to a motor vehicle or to the official number plates displayed on such vehicle that obscures or impairs the visibility of any information on such number plates. Not more than one number plate shall be displayed on the front or rear of any motor vehicle in operation upon the public highways of the state; provided any motor vehicle may, upon permission of the commissioner, display more than one number plate in front or rear, subject to such conditions as the commissioner prescribes. If any number plate supplied by the commissioner is lost, or if the registered number thereon becomes mutilated or illegible, the owner of or the person in control of the motor vehicle for which such number plate was furnished shall immediately place a temporary number plate bearing said registration number upon such motor vehicle, which temporary number plate shall conform to the regular number plate and shall be displayed as nearly as possible as herein provided for such regular number plate; and such owner shall, within forty-eight hours after such loss or mutilation of the number plate, give notice thereof to the commissioner and apply for a new number plate. The commissioner may issue a permit to operate with such temporary plate and shall supply new number plates upon payment of the fee therefor as provided in section 14-50a . Upon receipt of such new number plates and new certificate, the remaining old number plate, if any, and certificate shall be surrendered to the commissioner.

(d) All number plates shall be the property of the state and no title therein shall pass to any person registering a motor vehicle under the provisions of this chapter. The owner of any registered motor vehicle which is not reregistered at the end of a registration period shall, within ten days, cancel such registration in accordance with procedures established by the commissioner and may return the number plates to the commissioner. Any person who sells a motor vehicle pursuant to section 14-150 or 49-61 shall, within ten days of such sale, return to the commissioner any number plates displayed on the vehicle or which come into such person's possession in connection with such sale. When the commissioner issues a new type of number plate for use by all persons registering motor vehicles, the obsolete number plates shall become the property of the registrant upon the expiration date.

(e) The commissioner may issue a number plate inscribed with the legend “SAMPLE”. Such number plate shall not be displayed on any motor vehicle or used as official registration marker plates. The commissioner may impose a fee for the issuance of such number plate. Such fee shall be sufficient to cover the cost of manufacturing and issuing such number plate.

(f) No person shall wilfully damage or destroy any number plate.

(g) Violation of any provision of subsection (a), (c), (d), (e) or (f) of this section shall be an infraction.

See Sec. 14-107 re liability of owner, operator or lessee of vehicle in prosecutions for violation of this section.

Cited. 181 C. 299.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-307c — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 249 / Section 14-307c
Sec. 14-307c. Municipal use of automated traffic enforcement safety devices. Agreements re design, installation, operation or maintenance. Ordinance. Requirements. Citations. Defenses.
Status: in_force

(b) The municipality may enter into agreements with vendors for the design, installation, operation or maintenance, or any combination thereof, of automated traffic enforcement safety devices. If a vendor designs, installs, operates or maintains an automated traffic enforcement safety device, the vendor's fee may not be contingent on the number of citations issued or fines paid pursuant to an ordinance adopted under this section.

(c) Any ordinance adopted under this section shall specify the following: (1) That an automated traffic enforcement safety device shall be operated by an automated traffic enforcement safety device operator; (2) that the owner of a motor vehicle commits a violation of the ordinance if the person operating such motor vehicle (A) exceeds the posted speed limit by ten or more miles per hour and such operation is detected by an automated traffic enforcement safety device, or (B) fails to stop such motor vehicle when facing a steady red signal on a traffic control signal and such failure is detected by an automated traffic enforcement safety device; (3) an automated traffic enforcement safety device shall be used solely for identifying violations of the ordinance; (4) for the first thirty days after a location is equipped with an operational automated traffic enforcement safety device, the owner of a motor vehicle allegedly committing a violation of such ordinance that is detected by such device shall receive a written warning instead of a citation, as described in subsection (i) of this section; (5) payment of a fine and any associated fee imposed for a violation of the ordinance may be made by electronic means; (6) a sworn member or employee of the municipality's police department or an employee of the municipality, as designated by the traffic authority, shall review and approve the recorded images before a citation is mailed to the owner of such motor vehicle; and (7) the defenses available to the owner of a motor vehicle allegedly committing a violation of such ordinance, which shall include, but need not be limited to, the defenses listed in subsection (j) of this section.

(d) Any ordinance adopted under this section may: (1) Establish a fine to be imposed against the owner of a motor vehicle committing a violation of such ordinance, provided the amount of such fine is not more than fifty dollars for a first violation and not more than seventy-five dollars for a second or subsequent violation that occurs within one year of the date of the owner's most recent violation, and (2) impose a reasonable fee, not to exceed fifteen dollars, for the costs associated with the electronic processing of the payment of any such fine. Any subsequent violation occurring more than one year after the owner's most recent violation shall be considered a first violation. Any funds received by a municipality from fines imposed pursuant to an ordinance adopted under this section shall be used for the purposes of improving transportation mobility, investing in transportation infrastructure improvements or paying the costs associated with the use of automated traffic enforcement safety devices in the municipality.

(e) Any municipality that adopts an ordinance under this section shall also adopt the following: (1) A citation hearing procedure pursuant to section 7-152c , (2) a comprehensive safety action plan to ensure that the streets located in the municipality safely and conveniently serve road users of all ages and abilities, including pedestrians, transit users, bicyclists, persons using wheelchairs or other assistive devices and motor vehicle operators, and (3) a written policy that meets or exceeds the standards of the model privacy policy and protocol developed pursuant to subsection (a) of section 14-307d . Such municipality shall also be in compliance with any order made by the Office of the State Traffic Administration pursuant to the provisions of this chapter or any regulation adopted pursuant to said chapter by the office regarding a traffic control sign or traffic control signal at a location equipped or proposed to be equipped with an automatic traffic enforcement safety device.

(f) (1) Prior to the operation of an automated traffic enforcement safety device, the municipality shall (A) install at least two conspicuous signs at a reasonable distance in advance of such location, in accordance with the Federal Highway Administration's Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways, as amended from time to time, notifying motor vehicle operators of such location, and (B) provide notification of such location to persons, firms or corporations that operate a mobile application that is used for navigation purposes or to provide real-time information on motor vehicle traffic. The Department of Transportation shall designate which such persons, firms or corporations shall be notified and provide technical guidance to such municipalities regarding how to provide such notification.

(2) At least thirty days before the date the first automated traffic enforcement safety device becomes operational in the municipality, the municipality shall develop and implement a public awareness campaign to educate the public concerning the importance of obeying speed limits and traffic control signals and the imminent use of automated traffic enforcement safety devices in the municipality at the locations identified in the plan approved by the Department of Transportation pursuant to section 14-307e .

(g) An automated traffic enforcement safety device operator shall complete training offered by the manufacturer of such device or the manufacturer's representative regarding procedures for setting up, testing and operating such device. The manufacturer or manufacturer's representative shall issue a signed certificate to the automated traffic enforcement safety device operator upon such operator's completion of the training. Such signed certificate shall be admitted as evidence in any hearing conducted pursuant to section 7-152c .

(h) The municipality shall ensure each automated traffic enforcement safety device used by such municipality undergoes an annual calibration check performed at a calibration laboratory. The calibration laboratory shall issue a signed certificate of calibration after the annual calibration check. Such signed certificate of calibration shall be kept on file and admitted as evidence in any hearing conducted pursuant to section 7-152c .

(i) (1) Whenever an automated traffic enforcement safety device detects and produces recorded images of a motor vehicle allegedly committing a violation of an ordinance adopted under this section, a sworn member or employee of the municipality's police department or an employee of the municipality designated by the traffic authority shall review the recorded images provided by such device. If, after such review, such member or employee determines that there are reasonable grounds to believe that a violation of the ordinance has occurred, such member or employee may issue a citation to the owner of the motor vehicle. The citation shall include the following: (A) The name and address of the owner of the motor vehicle; (B) the number plate of the motor vehicle; (C) the violation charged; (D) the location of the automated traffic enforcement safety device and the date and time of the violation; (E) a copy of or information on how to view, through electronic means, the recorded images described in this section; (F) a statement or electronically generated affirmation by the member or employee who reviewed the recorded images and determined that the motor vehicle violated the ordinance; (G) verification that the automated traffic enforcement safety device was operating correctly at the time of the alleged violation and the date of the most recent calibration check performed pursuant to subsection (h) of this section; (H) the amount of the fine imposed and how to pay such fine; and (I) the right to contest the violation and request a hearing pursuant to section 7-152c .

(2) In the case of an alleged violation involving a motor vehicle registered in the state, the citation shall be mailed not later than thirty days after the identity of the owner is ascertained to the address of the owner that is in the records of the Department of Motor Vehicles. In the case of an alleged violation involving a motor vehicle registered in another jurisdiction, the citation shall be mailed not later than thirty days after the identity of the owner is ascertained to the address of the owner that is in the records of the official in the other jurisdiction issuing such registration. A citation shall be invalid unless mailed to an owner not later than sixty days after the alleged violation.

(3) The citation shall be sent by first class mail. A manual or automated record of mailing prepared by the municipality's police department shall be prima facie evidence of mailing and shall be admissible in any hearing conducted pursuant to section 7-152c as to the facts contained in the citation.

(4) In the case of a motor vehicle that is leased for a period of more than thirty days and identified by an automated traffic enforcement safety device as allegedly committing a violation of an ordinance adopted under this section, the lessee shall be considered the owner of such motor vehicle for the purposes of this section.

(j) The following defenses shall be available to the owner of a motor vehicle who is alleged to have committed a violation of such ordinance adopted under this section: (1) The operator was driving an emergency vehicle in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of section 14-283 ; (2) the traffic control signal was inoperative, which is observable on the recorded images; (3) the violation was necessary in order for the operator to comply with an order or direction from a law enforcement officer, which is observable on the recorded images; (4) the violation was necessary to allow the passage of an authorized emergency vehicle, which is observable on the recorded images; (5) the violation took place during a period of time in which the motor vehicle had been reported as being stolen to a law enforcement unit, as defined in section 7-294a , and had not been recovered prior to the time of the violation; or (6) the automated traffic enforcement safety device was not in compliance with the calibration check required pursuant to subsection (h) of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-103 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-103
Sec. 14-103. Inspection of motor vehicles.
Status: in_force

(b) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may establish and maintain a system of voluntary examination of equipment of motor vehicles registered in this state or being operated on the highways thereof. Such examination may be made by a new car dealer, a used car dealer or a repairer, who is licensed in accordance with the provisions of section 14-52 and approved by said commissioner for such purpose.

(c) All state and local police officers, whenever they see a motor vehicle being operated in apparent violation of any statute relative to the equipment of a motor vehicle, may stop such vehicle and may issue to the operator a warning of defective equipment directing the owner of such vehicle to take it to any inspection station approved by the commissioner and have such vehicle restored to safe operating condition and officially inspected as soon as possible, and not later than ten days from the date of the issuance of the warning notice. Such warning shall be furnished by the commissioner in such form as the commissioner prescribes and shall be in triplicate, the original of which shall be mailed by the issuing officer to the Department of Motor Vehicles. The duplicate copy shall be given to the motor vehicle operator and shall be presented to the official inspection station at the time the vehicle is submitted for examination. The triplicate copy shall be retained by the issuing officer for such officer's department records. When the inspection station approves such vehicle, its authorized representative shall sign the duplicate copy of the warning of defective equipment and mail it to the Department of Motor Vehicles. If the Department of Motor Vehicles does not receive the duplicate copy, as approved by the inspection station, within twenty days from the date of issuance, or if the registration for such vehicle is not cancelled, the commissioner, after giving notice and an opportunity for a hearing to such motorist, may suspend the privilege of the owner to register any motor vehicle or to operate any motor vehicle on the highways of this state that is registered in another jurisdiction, until such time as the vehicle is restored to safe operating condition.

(d) Each service bus shall be inspected for safety before its initial registration, in accordance with a schedule to be adopted by the commissioner. Each such service bus shall pass inspection before each renewal of registration. Any service bus that transports individuals in wheelchairs shall meet the requirements of subsection (e) of section 14-100a in order to pass inspection. The fee for each such inspection shall be forty dollars, except there shall be no fee for inspection of a service bus owned by the state or a municipality. The commissioner may use the services of any motor vehicle dealer or repairer licensed, in accordance with section 14-52 , to conduct a required service bus inspection, provided any fee charged by such dealer or repairer shall not exceed forty dollars, or, if the vehicle inspected has a gross vehicle weight rating in excess of twenty-six thousand pounds, eighty dollars.

Cited. 9 CS 123.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-260 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-260
Sec. 14-260. Filling tanks.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 14-107 re liability of owner, operator or lessee of vehicle.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-289h — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-289h
Sec. 14-289h. Electric personal assistive mobility devices. Definition. Operation.
Status: in_force

(b) Each electric personal assistive mobility device shall be equipped with front, rear and side reflectors and a system that, when employed, will enable the operator to bring the device to a controlled stop. If such device is operated between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise, it shall display a lamp emitting a white light which, while such device is in motion, illuminates the area in front of the operator and is visible from a distance of three hundred feet in front of and from the sides of such device.

(c) An operator of an electric personal assistive mobility device is not required to obtain an operator's license and such device is not required to be registered as a motor vehicle when such device is operated in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(d) Any person sixteen years of age or older who has disabilities which limit or impair the ability to walk, as defined in 23 CFR Part 1235.2 and who has been issued a placard pursuant to the provisions of section 14-253a may operate an electric personal assistive mobility device on any sidewalk or on a highway for the purposes of crossing the highway at a crosswalk, when practicable, or at an angle of approximately ninety degrees to the direction of the highway at a location at which there are no obstructions that may prevent an expedient and safe crossing provided such device is completely stopped before entering the traveled portion of the highway and the operator yields the right-of-way to any motor vehicle using such highway. Any such operator shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian on a sidewalk or highway.

(e) No person may operate such device on a limited access state highway, as defined in section 13a-1 .

(f) No person may operate an electric personal assistive mobility device at a rate of speed exceeding fifteen miles per hour.

(g) Violation of any provision of this section shall be an infraction.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-171 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 247 / Section 14-171
Sec. 14-171. Application for certificate.
Status: reserved

(b) If the application refers to a vehicle purchased from a dealer, it shall contain the name and address of any lienholder holding a security interest created or reserved at the time of the sale and the date of such security agreement and be signed by the dealer as well as the owner, and the dealer shall promptly mail or deliver the application to the commissioner.

(c) If the application refers to a vehicle last previously registered in another state or country, or by an Indian tribe recognized by the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, the application shall contain or be accompanied by: (1) Any certificate of title issued by such other state, country or Indian tribe; (2) any other information and documents the commissioner reasonably requires to establish the ownership of the vehicle and the existence or nonexistence of security interests in it; and (3) evidence that the manufacturer's identification number of the vehicle was verified, by a means acceptable to the commissioner, or inspected by a licensed dealer in accordance with subsection (d) of section 14-99h .

Failure of dealer to insert information concerning the lien of an installment contract when he filled out application for a purchaser, made him liable for the loss suffered by bank to whom the dealer assigned the contract when the buyer defrauded the bank lienor. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 491.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-17a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-17a
Sec. 14-17a. Notice of change in registrant's address.
Status: in_force

(b) Failure to give the notice required by this section shall be an infraction.

Cited. 22 CA 207.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-80a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-80a
Sec. 14-80a. Maximum noise levels. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall sell or offer for sale a new vehicle which produces a maximum decibel level which exceeds the decibel levels established under subsection (c) of this section.

(c) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall, with the advice of the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, establishing (1) the maximum decibel levels permissible for motor vehicles, which shall not exceed the maximum decibel levels established for motor vehicles by federal law or regulation, and (2) the procedure for testing maximum decibel levels. The commissioner shall amend such regulations to reflect industry standards and advancements in technology and shall submit the amended regulations to the standing legislative regulation review committee under section 4-170 not later than October 1, 2024.

(d) Violation of the provisions of this section shall be an infraction.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-97a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-97a
Sec. 14-97a. Emergency lighting or reflecting devices on motor vehicles used to transport passengers for hire and motor vehicles with commercial registration.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be fined not more than fifty dollars and the commissioner may suspend, for not more than sixty days, the registration of any such motor vehicle not equipped as provided in this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-44j — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-44j
Sec. 14-44j. Notification of convictions, suspensions, revocations and cancellations by holder of commercial driver's license. Information re previous employment. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(b) Each person who holds a commercial driver's license who is convicted of violating any provision of the law of this state, any other state or any province of Canada relating to motor vehicle traffic control, other than a parking violation, shall notify his employer within thirty days after such person has been convicted of any such violation.

(c) Each employee whose operating privileges are suspended, revoked or cancelled by the commissioner or by any other state or any province of Canada, or who is disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle, or who is subject to an out-of-service order, must notify his employer of such fact before the end of the business day following the day the driver received notice of such fact.

(d) Any person who applies for employment as a driver of a commercial motor vehicle shall provide his prospective employer, at the time of application, with the following information for the ten years preceding the date of application:

(1) A list of names and addresses of the applicant's previous employers for which the applicant was a driver of a commercial motor vehicle;

(2) The dates between which the applicant drove for each employer; and

(3) The reason for leaving that employer. The applicant must certify that all information furnished is true and complete. An employer may require an applicant to provide additional information.

(e) Each employer shall require the applicant to provide the information specified in subsection (d) of this section.

(f) No employer shall knowingly permit or require a driver to drive a commercial motor vehicle during any period (1) in which the driver has had his driver's license suspended, revoked or cancelled by the commissioner, or operating privilege suspended, revoked or cancelled by any other state, or has been disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle, or is subject to an out-of-service order, or (2) in which the driver has more than one driver's license.

(g) (1) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be deemed to have committed an infraction, and, for any subsequent offense, shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars.

(2) Any employer which knowingly permits or requires a driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle in violation of an out-of-service order shall be subject to the civil penalties prescribed in 49 CFR Section 383.53, as amended from time to time.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-196 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 247 / Section 14-196
Sec. 14-196. Penalties.
Status: in_force

(b) A person who: (1) With fraudulent intent, permits another, not entitled thereto, to use or have possession of a certificate of title; (2) wilfully fails to mail or deliver a certificate of title or application therefor to the commissioner within ten days after the time required by this chapter; (3) wilfully fails to deliver to his transferee a certificate of title within ten days after the time required by this chapter; or (4) wilfully violates any provision of this chapter, except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, shall be fined not more than three thousand five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.

Cited. 9 CA 686.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-213b — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-213b
Sec. 14-213b. Operation prohibited when insurance coverage fails to meet minimum requirements. Penalty. Evidence of insurance coverage required to restore suspended license.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person convicted of violating any provision of subsection (a) of this section shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars or more than one thousand dollars, except that any owner of a motor vehicle with a commercial registration who knowingly violates the provisions of subsection (a) of this section with respect to such vehicle shall be guilty of a class D felony.

(c) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall suspend the registration, and the operator's license, if any, of an owner, for a first conviction of violating the provisions of subsection (a) of this section for a period of one month and for a second or subsequent conviction for a period of six months. No operator's license which has been suspended pursuant to this subsection shall be restored until the owner has provided evidence to the commissioner that he maintains the security required by section 38a-371 or any other security requirements imposed by law for each motor vehicle registered in his name.

See Sec. 14-12f re exempt vehicles.

Cited. 11 CA 122; 23 CA 50.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-69 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-69
Sec. 14-69. License to conduct a drivers' school. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(b) The biennial fee for the renewal of a license shall be seven hundred dollars and the biennial renewal fee for each additional place of business shall be one hundred seventy-six dollars, except if the licensee opens an additional place of business with one year or less remaining on the term of its license, the commissioner shall charge a fee of eighty-eight dollars for each such additional place of business for the year, or any part thereof, remaining on the term of such license. If the commissioner has not received a complete renewal application and all applicable renewal fees on or before the expiration date of an applicant's license, the commissioner shall charge such applicant, in addition to such renewal fees, a late fee of seven hundred dollars. Upon the expiration date of a license, the licensee shall cease to conduct business until such time as the licensee's application for renewal is approved by the commissioner. The commissioner shall not renew any license under this section that has expired for more than sixty days and the holder of any such expired license may apply for a new license in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(c) Any person who engages in the business of conducting a drivers' school without being licensed in accordance with this section shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.

See Secs. 14-36e and 14-36f re driver education programs in secondary schools.

See Sec. 14-292 re identifying markers for vehicles operated by student drivers.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-134 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-134
Sec. 14-134. Appeals from commissioner.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 20-427a re cooperation between Commissioners of Motor Vehicles and Consumer Protection in nonrenewal of commercial motor vehicle registration of home improvement contractor in violation of statute.

Court infers section may apply only to actions arising under chapter. 148 C. 456. Cited. 169 C. 267.

Ample protection afforded against arbitrary action. 7 CS 165. Cited. 24 CS 350; 25 CS 512.

Cited. 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 34, 39; 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 76.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-314 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 249 / Section 14-314
Sec. 14-314. Penalties.
Status: in_force

Cited. 131 C. 167.

Cited. 43 CA 52. Section does not provide state with method of charging the driving public with an infraction for failing to obey a warning sign; regulations of Connecticut state agencies delineate between regulatory signs, warning signs and guide signs, and driver's failure to follow a warning sign's advice does not give rise to an infraction with which driver may be cited. 54 CA 98.

Cited. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 619.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-53a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-53a
Sec. 14-53a. New car dealers to deliver written statement re Magnuson-Moss Warranty act to purchaser of new motor vehicle.
Status: in_force

“The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, 15 USC 2301 et seq., makes it illegal for motor vehicle manufacturers or dealers to void a motor vehicle warranty or deny coverage under the motor vehicle warranty simply because an aftermarket or recycled part was installed or used on the vehicle or simply because someone other than the dealer performed service on the vehicle. It is illegal for a manufacturer or dealer to void your warranty or deny coverage under the warranty simply because you used an aftermarket or recycled part. If it turns out that an aftermarket or recycled part was itself defective or wasn't installed correctly and it causes damage to another part that is covered under the warranty, the manufacturer or dealer has the right to deny coverage for that part and charge you for any repairs. The Federal Trade Commission requires the manufacturer or dealer to show that the aftermarket or recycled part caused the need for repairs before denying warranty coverage.”

(b) For purposes of this section, an “aftermarket part” is a part that was made by a company other than the vehicle manufacturer or the original equipment manufacturer and a “recycled part” is a part that was made for and installed in a new vehicle by the manufacturer or the original equipment manufacturer and later removed from the vehicle and made available for resale or reuse.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-220 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-220
Sec. 14-220. Slow speed.
Status: in_force

(b) The operator of any motor vehicle having a gross weight of more than twenty-five thousand pounds shall also employ flashing lights when the vehicle is traveling on a limited access divided highway and maintaining a speed higher than forty miles per hour but lower than the speed of the traffic on the highway due to the gradient.

(c) Violation of any provision of this section shall be an infraction.

Requirement that there be a written request to charge on legal principle involved in a statute (Practice Book, section 250) is especially applicable to this section. 154 C. 381.

Cited. 30 CA 742.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-301 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 249 / Section 14-301
Sec. 14-301. Through ways. Stop signs.
Status: in_force

(b) No designation of a through way shall become effective as to regulation of traffic at any intersection thereon until the Office of the State Traffic Administration or such other traffic authority has caused signs to be erected at such intersections. Each such sign shall bear the word “stop”, which shall be self-illuminated at night or so placed as to be illuminated by street lights or by headlights of approaching motor vehicles, and each such sign shall be located as near as practicable to the traveled portion of the highway at the entrance to which the stop is to be made, or at the nearest line of the crosswalk thereat, and shall be clearly visible for a distance of one hundred feet along the street intersecting the through way.

(c) The driver of a vehicle shall stop in obedience to a stop sign at such clearly marked stop line or lines as may be established by the traffic authority having jurisdiction or, in the absence of such line or lines, shall stop in obedience to a stop sign at the entrance to a through highway and shall yield the right-of-way to vehicles not so obliged to stop which are within the intersection or approaching so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard.

(d) Nothing herein contained shall prevent said office or such traffic authority from erecting such stop signs on all corners of any intersection within its jurisdiction, and thereafter the provisions of subsection (c) of this section, relating to the stopping of motor vehicles and the right-of-way within such intersection, shall apply to the operation of motor vehicles on each of the intersecting streets.

(e) The driver of a vehicle shall stop in obedience to a stop sign at a railroad crossing erected and maintained on the highway by requirement of the Commissioner of Transportation or the Office of the State Traffic Administration.

See Sec. 14-111g re operator's retraining program.

See Sec. 14-249 re stopping at grade crossings.

Purpose of former statute accomplished by a stop at a stop sign. 116 C. 599; 117 C. 551. Stopping at stop sign not sufficient, as sign may be considerable distance from traveled portion of through street; where no reasonably observable property line, statute inoperative to impose obligation to stop; statute places no duty upon traffic authority to erect sign of any particular type or legible for any particular distance, but, if there is sign legible for 100 feet, duties upon driver of car arise. 127 C. 234. Operator of vehicle approaching from right who complies with stop regulation has superior right-of-way if vehicles arrive at intersection at approximately same time. 130 C. 400. Cited. 131 C. 79. Whether placing of stop sign complies with statute is question of fact for jury. Id., 165. Right-of-way of driver entering through street. 133 C. 455. Where visibility is obscured at required stopping point, statute imposes no duty to make second stop. Id., 724. Failure of defendant to stop at a stop line was negligence. 139 C. 223. Error where court charged, in effect, that car disregarding stop sign at intersection might have right-of-way over car making left turn. 151 C. 199. Charge, “once operator from right has complied with stop sign regulation, he has superior right-of-way if vehicles arrived at intersection at approximately same time”, was erroneous. Id., 221. The word “entrance” does not require a special definition when a jury is charged. 160 C. 480. Cited. 163 C. 279.

Cited. 29 CA 791.

Cited. 24 CS 375; 26 CS 184.

Subsec. (c):

Subsec. explained. 165 C. 635. Cited. 170 C. 583.

Cited. 16 CA 272.

The judge's charge as to statute if read in its entirety was accurate in law, adapted to the issues and sufficient as a guide to the jury. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 164.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-52 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-52
Sec. 14-52. New car dealer's, used car dealer's and repairer's licenses. Surety bonds. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(b) (1) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, each applicant for a repairer's license shall furnish a surety bond in the amount of twenty-five thousand dollars.

(2) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, each applicant for a new car dealer's or a used car dealer's license shall furnish a surety bond in the amount of sixty thousand dollars.

(3) Each applicant for a leasing or rental license issued pursuant to section 14-15 , who is engaged in the leasing or renting of motor vehicles for periods of thirty days or more, shall furnish a surety bond in the amount of fifteen thousand dollars.

(4) Each such bond required under subdivisions (1) to (3), inclusive, of this subsection shall be conditioned upon the applicant or licensee complying with the provisions of any state or federal law or regulation relating to the conduct of such business and provided as indemnity for any loss sustained by any customer by reason of any acts of the licensee constituting grounds for suspension or revocation of the license or such licensee going out of business. Each surety bond shall be executed in the name of the state of Connecticut for the benefit of any aggrieved customer, but the penalty of the bond shall not be invoked except upon order of the commissioner after a hearing held before said commissioner in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54. For purposes of this subdivision, “customer” does not include (A) any person, firm or corporation that finances a licensed dealer's motor vehicle inventory, or (B) any licensed dealer, in such person's capacity as a dealer, who buys motor vehicles from, or sells motor vehicles to, another licensed dealer.

(5) The commissioner shall assess an administrative fee of two hundred dollars against any licensee for failing to provide proof of bond renewal or replacement on or before the date of the expiration of the existing bond. Such fee shall be in addition to the license suspension or revocation penalties and the civil penalties to which the licensee is subject pursuant to section 14-64 .

(c) The commissioner may request information from any applicant for a repairer's license or used car dealer's license concerning the financial status and ability of such applicant to comply with the requirements of this subpart and the regulations adopted thereunder. The commissioner shall review such information to determine if the applicant has sufficient financial resources to conduct the business in a manner consistent with the reasonable security and protection of its customers in regard to the duties and responsibilities imposed by the provisions of this subpart and the regulations adopted thereunder. The commissioner may refuse to issue a license if the applicant fails to provide any such information requested or, if, after review by the commissioner, the commissioner is not satisfied as to such applicant's financial status. The commissioner may, in any case deemed appropriate, grant a license on condition that the applicant post a surety bond, in accordance with the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, in an amount prescribed by the commissioner that is greater than the minimum amount required by the applicable provisions of said subsection (b). Any applicant aggrieved by any decision of the commissioner made pursuant to this subsection shall be afforded an opportunity for hearing in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54. The commissioner may adopt regulations in accordance with chapter 54 to carry out the provisions of this subsection.

(d) Any person, firm or corporation engaging in the business of the buying, selling, offering for sale or brokerage of any motor vehicle or of the repairing of any motor vehicle without a license shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.

(e) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall transmit to the Commissioner of Revenue Services and the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection a summary of any complaint that the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles receives alleging that a person, firm or corporation is engaging in the business of the buying, selling, offering for sale or brokerage of any motor vehicle or of the repairing of any motor vehicle without a license.

See Sec. 14-67 l re motor vehicle junk yard licenses.

See Sec. 14-331 re revocation or suspension of gasoline dealer's or distributor's license.

Cited. 134 C. 151; 143 C. 634; 154 C. 540; 218 C. 265. Surety bond furnished in accordance with section does not provide indemnity for that portion of a civil judgment incorporating award of attorney's fees or award of punitive damages. 267 C. 524.

Cited. 9 CA 686. Punitive damages are not provided for by section; plaintiff was not entitled to recover punitive damages and attorney's fees in the calculation of “loss”. 70 CA 790.

Failure to obtain license will preclude repairer from enforcing a contract for repair. 36 CS 321.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-321 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 250 / Section 14-321
Sec. 14-321. Approval of gasoline station location by local authorities.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 14-331 re revocation or suspension of license.

Authority of mayor to issue or refuse certificate of approval of location. 109 C. 586. Denial of certificate of approval is reviewable only to determine if it was arbitrary, illegal or an abuse of discretion. 110 C. 80; 128 C. 264; Id., 354. 1927 act applies in New Haven, and authority is in mayor, not board of appeals, by virtue of exception in 1929 act. 123 C. 311; 128 C. 264. 1927 act held unconstitutional; section is an amendment of the 1929 act and does not apply to New Haven. 128 C. 701, 706. Cited. 134 C. 150. Plaintiff held not a “holder” seeking renewal of license and application must be based upon certificate of approval by the zoning board of appeals. 135 C. 706. Cited. 138 C. 326; Id., 453; 139 C. 681; 140 C. 622, 650. In passing on an application for a certificate of approval for the use of certain property for the retail sale of gasoline, a zoning board of appeals serves, not in a zoning capacity, but as an agent of the state to pass upon suitability of the location in view of traffic and other conditions, and to determine whether the proposed use of the location would imperil the safety of the public. 142 C. 64. Zoning board of appeals is acting as agency of the state in determining suitability. 143 C. 316. Cited. 144 C. 61. When acting under section, a board of appeals is not dealing primarily with zoning but is performing a separate function delegated to it as an agency of the state. 147 C. 517; 148 C. 507. Cited. 149 C. 513. For board validly to reverse an earlier decision by granting a subsequent application for approval of the same location, there has to be a showing of material change in conditions, that is, a change which militated against the objections formerly relied on. 150 C. 75. Cited. Id., 511, 559. Board acts as an agent of the state under this section and Sec. 14-322, its sole function being to determine if the site in question will be suitable according to statutory criteria designed to promote and protect the public safety. 153 C. 95. Disapproval of application on grounds of potential traffic hazard anticipated from planned nearby shopping center was within discretion of board. Id., 257. When acting under section, zoning board of appeals is acting as a special statutory agent of the state. Id., 259. Cited. Id., 433. Where plaintiff's application to board does not make it clear whether a permit under the zoning ordinance or an approval under the statutes is requested, the board must decide each issue separately and the required number of votes for each must be met in order for the application to be approved. 154 C. 32, 36. Cited. Id., 540. Probative value of conflicting evidence of suitability of property is for the board to decide. 155 C. 350. Zoning board acting under section as special statutory agent of state is governed by requirements of Sec. 14-322. Id., 539. Nonconforming use as gasoline station may survive period when station had been used for automobile repair work. 158 C. 86. In passing upon application for approval of location, zoning board as administrative agency of state is required to hold hearing. Id., 208. Proceedings under this section and Sec. 14-322 are not zoning matters; certificate of approval should not be issued where location is violative of zoning regulations. 159 C. 234. Cited. 170 C. 154.

Cited. 3 CA 556.

Station operator enjoined by commissioner where zoning board issued certificate of approval in error. 1 CS 165. Cited. 4 CS 462. History discussed; authority of zoning board to issue certificate of approval. 5 CS 1. Statute not applicable to municipalities it did not affect before 1935. Id., 214. Cited. 8 CS 277; Id., 499. Constitutionality. 10 CS 462. Cited. 26 CS 476. Hearing provided for in Sec. 14-322 must take place not less than 2 or more than 4 weeks from filing of application and not merely be assigned during that period for some future date. 27 CS 112.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-3 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-3
Sec. 14-3. Powers and duties of commissioner.
Status: in_force

Statute will not provide alternative method of proving prior motor vehicle conviction. 151 C. 213. Commissioner was required to keep a record of previous warnings and violations as related to plaintiff and may act upon facts known to him even though they are not produced at the hearing. 165 C. 559. Cited. 225 C. 499.

Cited. 24 CS 364; 36 CS 586; 38 CS 384; 39 CS 381.

Cited. 2 Conn. Cir. Ct. 693; 3 Conn. Cir. Ct. 112; Id., 586.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-283g — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-283g
Sec. 14-283g. Restrictions on vending from frozen dessert truck. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(1) When the posted speed limit on such highway is greater than twenty-five miles per hour;

(2) When such highway is less than one hundred feet from an intersection with another highway that has a posted speed limit greater than twenty-five miles per hour;

(3) Located less than five hundred feet from any property used as an elementary or middle school, one hour before and one hour after the regular school day, unless that day is not a school day and the local or regional board of education approves such vending in writing;

(4) When such person does not have a free and unobstructed view for at least two hundred feet in both directions of the highway where the frozen dessert truck is stopped or parked; or

(5) To a person standing in the highway.

(b) A local traffic authority, as defined in section 14-297 , may authorize vending from a frozen dessert truck that is stopped or parked on a highway (1) that has a posted speed limit not greater than thirty-five miles per hour, or (2) that is less than one hundred feet from an intersection with another highway that has a posted speed limit not greater than thirty-five miles per hour.

(c) No person shall (1) stop on the left side of a one-way highway to vend, or (2) back up a frozen dessert truck to vend or attempt to vend.

(d) A person shall vend (1) when the frozen dessert truck is lawfully stopped or parked, and (2) from the side of the frozen dessert truck facing away from moving vehicular traffic and as close as practicable to the curb or edge of the highway.

(e) (1) On and after July 1, 2021, and until September 30, 2021, any person who violates any provision of this section shall receive a warning.

(2) On and after October 1, 2021, any person who violates any provision of this section shall, for a first offense, be deemed to have committed an infraction, and for a subsequent offense, shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-223 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-223
Sec. 14-223. Failing to stop when signaled or disobeying direction of officer. Increasing speed in attempt to escape or elude officer.
Status: in_force

(b) No person operating a motor vehicle, when signaled to stop by an officer in a police vehicle using an audible signal device or flashing or revolving lights, shall increase the speed of the motor vehicle in an attempt to escape or elude such police officer. Any person who violates this subsection shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor, except that, if such violation causes the death or serious physical injury, as defined in section 53a-3 , of another person, such person shall be guilty of a class C felony, and shall have such person's motor vehicle operator's license suspended for one year for the first offense, except that the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may, after a hearing, as provided for in subsection (i) of section 14-111 , and upon a showing of compelling mitigating circumstances, reinstate such person's license before the expiration of such one-year period. For any subsequent offense such person shall be guilty of a class C felony, except that if any prior offense by such person under this subsection caused, and such subsequent offense causes, the death or serious physical injury, as defined in section 53a-3 , of another person, such person shall be guilty of a class C felony for which one year of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court, and shall have such person's motor vehicle operator's license suspended for not less than eighteen months nor more than two years, except that said commissioner may, after a hearing, as provided for in subsection (i) of section 14-111 , and upon a showing of compelling mitigating circumstances, reinstate such person's license before such period.

See Sec. 14-111g re operator's retraining program.

Cited. 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 385.

Subsec. (b):

Cited. 202 C. 629; 222 C. 444.

Cited. 33 CA 49; 40 CA 762. Sec. 53a-57(a) and this Subsec. contain multiple elements that are dissimilar, and the clear language of the statutes themselves is sufficient for a conclusion that they do not impose two punishments for the same act. 84 CA 351.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-219 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-219
Sec. 14-219. Speeding.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who operates a motor vehicle (1) on a multiple lane, limited access highway other than a highway specified in subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of section 14-218a for which a speed limit has been established in accordance with the provisions of said subdivision at a rate of speed greater than fifty-five miles per hour but not greater than seventy miles per hour, (2) on a multiple lane, limited access highway specified in subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of section 14-218a for which a speed limit has been established in accordance with the provisions of said subdivision at a rate of speed greater than sixty-five miles per hour but not greater than seventy miles per hour, (3) on any other highway at a rate of speed greater than fifty-five miles per hour but not greater than sixty miles per hour, (4) if such person is under eighteen years of age, upon any highway or road for which a speed limit of less than sixty-five miles per hour has been established in accordance with section 14-218a , or section 14-307a , at a rate of speed more than twenty miles per hour above such speed limit, or (5) at a rate of speed greater than the speed limit upon a limited access highway for which a speed limit has been established in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (2) of subsection (b) of section 14-218a shall commit an infraction, provided any such person operating a truck, as defined in section 14-260n , shall have committed a violation and shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than one hundred fifty dollars.

(c) Any person who violates any provision of subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section or who operates a motor vehicle (1) on a multiple lane, limited access highway at a rate of speed greater than seventy miles per hour but not greater than eighty-five miles per hour, or (2) on any other highway at a rate of speed greater than sixty miles per hour but not greater than eighty-five miles per hour, shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than one hundred fifty dollars, provided any such person operating a motor vehicle described in subsection (a) of section 14-163c shall be fined not less than one hundred fifty dollars nor more than two hundred dollars.

(d) No person shall be subject to prosecution for a violation of both subsection (a) of this section and subsection (a) of section 14-222 because of the same offense.

(e) Notwithstanding any provision of the general statutes, any person who violates subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section, subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (b) of this section while operating a truck, as defined in section 14-260n , or subdivision (1) of subsection (c) of this section while operating a motor vehicle or a truck, as defined in section 14-260n , shall follow the procedures set forth in section 51-164n .

See Sec. 14-107 re liability of owner, operator or lessee of vehicle.

See Sec. 14-111g re operator's retraining program.

See Sec. 14-219c re use of radar to support conviction.

See Sec. 14-222 re penalty for operation at rate of speed greater than eighty-five miles per hour.

The effect of exceeding former statutory speed limits. 81 C. 500; 90 C. 707; 98 C. 490; 99 C. 727; 106 C. 386. Former statute applied. 102 C. 44. Excessive speed and failure to look ahead. 105 C. 693. Duty of driver to keep reasonable lookout. 108 C. 508, 546, 560. Permissible rate of speed depends on existing conditions. Id., 706. Endangering life of occupant of vehicle being driven should be distinguished from endangering life of another, which is a violation of Sec. 14-222. 124 C. 270. Cited. 125 C. 448. Where jury was cautioned that plaintiff was limited to negligence specified in complaint, it was not prejudicial to read inapplicable portion of statute. Id., 512. Cited. 139 C. 719; 140 C. 274. Trier to decide whether the speed was actually unreasonable under all the circumstances; if plaintiff's speed was unreasonable, it cannot be said that as a matter of law, under the circumstances of the case, the excess speed was a proximate cause of the collision. 146 C. 470. Violation constitutes negligence per se. 147 C. 644. Cited. 148 C. 456. Prima facie evidence discussed. Id., 481. Cited. 149 C. 385. Court may take judicial notice that radar is an accurate speed-measuring principle. 153 C. 365. Cited. 154 C. 100; 170 C. 495; 202 C. 629; 208 C. 94; 209 C. 98.

Cited. 14 CA 816; 17 CA 416; 19 CA 432; 27 CA 346; 29 CA 791; 34 CA 201; 46 CA 633.

Right of Merritt Parkway Commission to fix speed limits under former statute discussed. 7 CS 165. Cited. 16 CS 398. Prima facie presumption that driving at rate of speed exceeding posted speed limit is not reasonable; proof of favorable conditions is effective neither to rebut, as a matter of law, state's prima facie case nor to constitute, as a matter of law, a defense to a prosecution under section. 22 CS 464. Cited. 23 CS 303, 342. Passing at speed in excess of posted speed limit and returning to right-hand lane are among circumstances for trier to consider in determining reasonableness of speed; court may take judicial notice of regulations of State Traffic Commission. Id., 437. Radar can show speed, and it is for the trier to believe or disbelieve testimony with regard to the accuracy of the radar. 24 CS 13. Cited. Id., 91; Id., 124; Id., 160; Id., 167; Id., 345. Plea of guilty and absence of affidavit of explanation can result in inference that speeding was proximate cause of accident. 25 CS 380. Cited. 26 CS 513. Officer's testimony that speedometer had recently been tested satisfies requirement in speeding prosecutions of some showing of instrument's accuracy prior to admissibility. 37 CS 601. Cited. 39 CS 313; 41 CS 356.

Speed recorded on radar unit admissible in evidence if accuracy of unit is established and car identified. 2 Conn. Cir. Ct. 68. Defendant has right, prior to trial, to inspect radar equipment; not abuse of discretion to refuse postponement of trial when request made during trial. Id., 369. Speeding violation may be established by circumstantial evidence; where facts conflict with witnesses' estimates of speed, the facts control. Id., 439. It is for the trier to decide under all the circumstances, some of which may be favorable to the driver, whether the speed was greater than was reasonable at the time. Id., 644. Cited. 3 Conn. Cir. Ct. 461. Testimony of state trooper as to speed of defendant's vehicle during “clocking” period is admissible although no foundation has been laid to establish accuracy of device by which trooper reached his conclusion; speedometer reading is only prima facie evidence; trier of facts shall determine its credibility. Id., 566, 568. Operation of police radar requires no technical knowledge of radar science; individual graphic record containing alleged speed of defendant is admissible without producing graphic record covering entire period of operation. Id., 575, 577. Prima facie evidence of defendant's speed of 70 miles an hour as unreasonable is rebuttable but casts on defendant burden of going forward with the evidence his speed was reasonable under the conditions. 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 93. It is not double jeopardy to prosecute offender for two successive speeding offenses in different towns in same hour of one day. Id., 102. Court will judicially notice that radar instrument measures speed accurately. Id., 109. Expressed intent of legislature was to distinguish between the types of highways described in statute. Id., 374. Cited. Id., 499. Statute does not go much beyond the common law rule and the jury must decide whether defendant's speed was negligent under the circumstances. Id., 671. Failure of officer issuing summons to defendant to correctly identify him in court or trial did not affect the establishment of the identity of the driver where defendant had entered a general appearance and appeared for trial. Id., 697. Where there was no evidence of the testing of the speedometer of the state trooper within a reasonable time before the clocking of defendant's car, evidence of the clocked speed was inadmissible. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 190. Cited. Id., 333. Defense of entrapment must establish the criminal design arose solely in the mind of the police. Id., 379. In a trial for violation of section, the court may not direct the jury to find a verdict of guilty even where there was a stipulation of all facts. Id., 223. Cited. Id., 618; 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 161, 162. No clocked measurements are necessary to establish prima facie evidence of speed in excess of the maximum limits. Id., 334. Cited. Id., 560, 599.

Subsec. (a):

Each of the two sentences in Subsec. states a separate interdict. 144 C. 399. Violation of Subsec. would be negligence per se. 165 C. 635. Cited. 176 C. 451.

Cited. 3 Conn. Cir. Ct. 580; 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 516. In crime of speeding which is malum prohibitum, the intent to do the prohibited act is only intent necessary for conviction and motive of defendant is of no consequence. Id., 573.

Subsec. (b):

Degree of excess speed over posted limit is factor to be considered by trier in determining whether, under all circumstances, a motor vehicle has been operated at greater than reasonable speed. 144 C. 399. Violation of posted speed limit not negligence per se. 165 C. 635.

History discussed; State Traffic Commission has authority to post speed limits on Merritt Parkway and it is proper to admit evidence of posted speed. 23 CS 468.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-36h — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-36h
Sec. 14-36h. Contents and features of operator's license and identity card. Issuance to persons on active duty. Veteran status indicated.
Status: in_force

(b) If any person does not reside in any state, territory or possession of the United States because such person is on active military duty with the United States Armed Forces, and such person's home state of record is Connecticut, as reflected in the records of the United States Department of Defense, United States Department of Homeland Security or any federal department under which the United States Coast Guard operates, such person may obtain a Connecticut operator's license or identity card, provided such person: (1) Does not have an operator's license or identity card issued by another state, territory or possession of the United States, or surrenders any such license or identity card; (2) has a current APO or FPO mailing address; (3) designates such person's home address as 60 State Street, Wethersfield, CT 06161; and (4) meets all other requirements for obtaining an operator's license or identity card in this state.

(c) The commissioner shall provide that each such license or identity card document contains physical security features designed to prevent tampering, counterfeiting or duplication of the document.

(d) Each such document shall also contain one or more machine-readable technology feature or component, including, but not limited to, a bar code or magnetic strip.

(e) Any person who is a veteran may submit a request to the Department of Veterans Affairs to have such person's status as a veteran contained on such person's motor vehicle operator's license or identity card. Said department shall, not later than thirty days after receipt of such request, verify whether such person is a veteran and, if so verified, notify the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles of such request and verification. The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall indicate such person's status as a veteran on any motor vehicle operator's license or identity card issued to such person upon original issuance or renewal of a motor vehicle operator's license or identity card or upon issuance of a duplicate motor vehicle operator's license or identity card.

(f) (1) Any person who was a member of the Hmong Laotian special guerilla units, which units served in the United States secret war in the Kingdom of Laos during the Vietnam War, or any person who is an eligible former reservist, may submit a request to the Department of Veterans Affairs to be listed as a veteran, based on such person's service during the Vietnam War or in a reserve component of the armed forces, respectively, on such person's motor vehicle operator's license or identity card. Said department shall, not later than thirty days after receipt of such request and the documents required under subdivision (2) or (3), as applicable, of this subsection, verify whether such person was such a member or is such an eligible former reservist, as applicable, and, if so verified, notify the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles of such request and verification. The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall indicate such person's status as a veteran on any motor vehicle operator's license or identity card issued to such person upon original issuance or renewal of a motor vehicle operator's license or identity card or upon issuance of a duplicate motor vehicle operator's license or identity card.

(2) Any such person who was a member of the Hmong Laotian special guerilla units shall submit to the Department of Veterans Affairs, in addition to the request under subdivision (1) of this subsection, (A) an affidavit stating (i) when such person served, (ii) where such person served, (iii) the unit in which such person served, and (iv) the capacity in which such person served; (B) any available corroborating witness affidavits; (C) any available official documentation of service; and (D) any other documents supporting such person's affidavit.

(3) (A) Any such person who is an eligible former reservist shall submit to the Department of Veterans Affairs, in addition to the request under subdivision (1) of this subsection, all available official documentation of such person's service in a reserve component of the armed forces and discharge or release therefrom.

(B) Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection, neither the listing of a person as a veteran by the Commissioner of Veterans Affairs nor the indication of such person's status as a veteran on any motor vehicle operator's license or identity card by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall constitute proof of such person's eligibility for any other benefit available to veterans.

(g) As used in this section: (1) “Full legal name” means the most complete version of the name that appears on a person's certificate of birth, official passport or other document or documents accepted by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles to verify the person's identity, unless the person presents a marriage license or certificate, a certificate of civil union, a divorce decree or an order of a court of competent jurisdiction pertaining to a permanent change of the person's name; (2) “veteran” has the same meaning as provided in section 27-103 , or any former member of the armed forces who is entitled to retirement pay under 10 USC Chapter 1223, as amended from time to time, or, but for age, would be so entitled; (3) “eligible former reservist” means any person honorably discharged from, released under honorable conditions from or released with an other than honorable discharge based on a qualifying condition from, the United States Army Reserve, Army National Guard, Navy Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, Coast Guard Reserve, Air Force Reserve or Air National Guard; and (4) “armed forces” and “qualifying condition” have the same meanings as provided in section 27-103 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-62 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-62
Sec. 14-62. Order and invoice on sale of motor vehicle; information required. Dealer preparation charge. Conveyance or processing fee. Certificate of title on sale of used motor vehicle or sale of motor vehicle at auction. Safety inspection of used motor vehicle. Delivery after sale of used motor vehicle.
Status: in_force

(b) (1) The selling price quoted by any dealer to a prospective buyer shall include, separately stated, the amount of the dealer conveyance fee and that such fee is negotiable. No dealer conveyance fee shall be added to the selling price at the time the order is signed by the buyer.

(2) No dealer shall include in the selling price a dealer preparation charge for any item or service for which the dealer is reimbursed by the manufacturer or any item or service not specifically ordered by the buyer and itemized on the invoice.

(c) Each dealer shall provide a written statement to the buyer and prominently display a sign in the area of such dealer's place of business in which sales are negotiated which shall specify the amount of any conveyance or processing fee charged by such dealer, the services performed by the dealer for such fee, that such fee is negotiable, that such fee is not payable to the state of Connecticut and that the buyer may elect, where appropriate, to submit the documentation required for the registration and transfer of ownership of the motor vehicle which is the subject of the sale to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles, in which case the dealer shall reduce such fee by a proportional amount. The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall determine the size, typeface and arrangement of such information.

(d) No dealer licensed under the provisions of section 14-52 shall sell any used motor vehicle without furnishing to the buyer, at the time of sale, a valid certificate of title, the assignment and warranty of title by such dealer or other evidence of title issued by another state or country, where applicable, disclosing the existence of any lien, security interest in or other encumbrance on the vehicle. Any dealer that violates this subsection shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.

(e) No person, firm or corporation shall sell a motor vehicle at a public or private auction without furnishing to the buyer, at the time of sale, a valid certificate of title, the assignment and warranty of title by such person, firm or corporation, or other evidence of title issued by another state or country, where applicable, disclosing the existence of any lien, security interest in or other encumbrance on the vehicle.

(f) The provisions of subsection (d) of this section shall not apply to the sale of any used motor vehicle by a new car dealer to a person, firm or corporation which, pursuant to a lease contract option, purchases such vehicle at the end of the lease term provided (1) such vehicle is registered in this state in accordance with the provisions of section 14-12 , (2) the certificate of title for such vehicle is in the possession of a lessor licensed under the provisions of section 14-15 , (3) subsequent to such sale, such vehicle is registered in the name of the prior lessee, and (4) such dealer obtains the certificate of title from such lessor and transmits all necessary documents and fees to the commissioner not later than ten days following the issuance of a motor vehicle registration for such vehicle.

(g) Before offering any used motor vehicle for retail sale, the selling dealer shall complete a comprehensive safety inspection of such vehicle. Such safety inspection shall cover all applicable equipment and components contained in sections 14-80 to 14-106d , inclusive, and such inspection shall be evidenced on a form approved by the commissioner. The selling dealer shall attest to such form under the penalty of false statement, as prescribed in section 53a-157b , and shall state that the vehicle has undergone any necessary repairs and has been deemed to be in condition for legal operation on any highway of this state. In the event defects are found but not repaired, and the vehicle is not subject to any warranty under section 42-221 , the selling dealer shall note all such defects on the form and may sell such vehicle in “as is” condition. Any vehicle sold in “as is” condition with one or more defects in the equipment or components shall have the retail purchase order, invoice, title and assignment documents prominently marked as “not in condition for legal operation on the highways” with an explanation of defects noted on such retail purchase order, invoice and safety inspection form. A dealer selling any vehicle pursuant to this subsection shall require a purchaser to acknowledge the vehicle condition by obtaining such purchaser's signature on the retail purchase order, invoice and safety inspection forms, copies of which shall be furnished to the buyer upon execution. No dealer shall charge any fee to a customer for the completion of such safety inspection or for any repairs required to remedy defects discovered during such safety inspection pursuant to this subsection, except that nothing herein shall (1) limit or otherwise regulate the retail sales price charged by a dealer for a vehicle that has been inspected or repaired prior to sale; or (2) negate or preempt any provisions of chapter 743f. This subsection shall not apply to fees for any inspection or any work performed under the terms of a lease buy back. Any dealer that fails to conduct the safety inspection required in this subsection shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.

(h) No dealer licensed under section 14-52 shall deliver or permit a retail purchaser to take possession or delivery of any used motor vehicle until such purchaser has paid in full for the vehicle or until financing offered by the dealer for such vehicle has been approved by the lending institution or other entity through which any financing agreement has been made. Any dealer that violates this subsection shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 151 C. 678; 165 C. 416. Imposes a disclosure obligation only, and is not a substantive limitation on the amount a car dealer may charge as a “conveyance fee”. 281 C. 417.

Cited. 35 CS 625.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-275a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-275a
Sec. 14-275a. Use of standard school bus required, when. Use of mass transportation permitted, when. Use of certain motor vehicles prohibited.
Status: in_force

(b) On and after July 1, 1990, no motor vehicle with a seating capacity of more than ten passengers other than a school bus conforming to the provisions of section 14-275 may be initially registered for use in this state for the transportation of students under the age of twenty-one years to and from school. On and after July 1, 1994, no motor vehicle with a seating capacity of more than ten passengers other than a school bus conforming to the provisions of section 14-275 may be used for the transportation of such students to and from school.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) of this section, a town, regional school district, public, private or religious school may use the services of any mass transportation system to transport such students to and from school.

(d) No motor vehicle having (1) on and after July 1, 1992, a wheel base of less than one hundred and one inches, or (2) on and after July 1, 1991, a convertible top or an open body may be used by a carrier for the transportation of students under the age of twenty-one years to and from school.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-390m — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 255 / Section 14-390m
Sec. 14-390m. Municipal regulation of operation and use of dirt bikes and mini-motorcycles on public property. Penalties. Seizure and forfeiture.
Status: in_force

(b) No dirt bike or mini-motorcycle shall be forfeited under an ordinance adopted pursuant to this section to the extent of the interest of an owner or lienholder by reason of any act or omission committed by another person if such owner or lienholder did not know and could not have reasonably known that such dirt bike or mini-motorcycle was being used or was intended to be used in violation of a municipal ordinance.

(c) Any dirt bike or mini-motorcycle ordered forfeited pursuant to such an ordinance shall be sold at public auction conducted by the municipality. The proceeds of such sale shall be paid to the treasurer of the municipality, who shall deposit such proceeds into the general fund of the municipality.

(d) For the purposes of this section and section 7-148 , (1) “dirt bike” means a two-wheeled motorized recreational vehicle designed to travel over unimproved terrain and not designed for travel on a highway, as defined in section 14-1 . “Dirt bike” does not include an all-terrain vehicle, as defined in section 14-379 , or a motor-driven cycle, as defined in section 14-1 , and (2) “mini-motorcycle” has the same meaning as provided in section 14-289j .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-19a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-19a
Sec. 14-19a. Regulations re issuance of special number plates to members of qualifying organizations. Issuance and renewal of collegiate special number plates. Discontinuance of special number plates.
Status: in_force

(b) The Department of Motor Vehicles, in consultation with the Board of Regents for Higher Education, shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to establish standards for the issuance and renewal of collegiate special number plates with the logos or emblems of Connecticut public and independent institutions of higher education.

(c) On or after July 1, 2004, the commissioner may issue special certificates of registration and special number plates in accordance with the regulations adopted under subsection (a) of this section provided the commissioner may not issue a set of special number plates bearing the same numerals as any other plate issued by the department. The commissioner may discontinue the issuance of any such special number plates issued for a qualified organization, or special plates issued in accordance with the provisions of sections 14-19b and 14-21f to 14-21p , inclusive, at any time, upon written notice to the organization if, in the opinion of the commissioner, the demand for such plates is insufficient to support the costs of production.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-324 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 250 / Section 14-324
Sec. 14-324. Appeal.
Status: in_force

Nature of appeal. 109 C. 585; 110 C. 82. Appeal from zoning board of appeals on gasoline license application must be taken under this section, not under Sec. 8-8. 116 C. 556. Burden of proof that board acted improperly is upon appellants. 118 C. 178. Cited. 123 C. 315. No fatal objection to joinder of application for approval as to gasoline station under Sec. 14-321 and application for approval as to repair business under Sec. 14-54. 134 C. 151. In directing board to pursue the course which it selected, the court encroached on administrative function of board. 138 C. 464. One may be aggrieved when he is affected only in a representative capacity. 139 C. 677. Trial court had no jurisdiction over appeal from action of commissioner in reinstating revoked certificate of approval of location since none of sections enumerated authorized commissioner to so reinstate. 149 C. 515. Plaintiffs must show that they are specially aggrieved. 151 C. 510.

Unconstitutional for board to refuse certificate on ground that public convenience does not require it. 3 CS 304. Cited. 5 CS 1; Id. 214.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-112 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-112
Sec. 14-112. Proof of financial responsibility.
Status: repealed

(b) Certificate of insurance; bond; collateral. Such proof of financial responsibility shall be furnished as is satisfactory to the commissioner and may be evidence of the insuring of the named insured or resident relative of the named insured against loss on account of legal liability of the named insured or resident relative of the named insured for injury to or the death of persons and damage to property in the respective amounts provided by this section in the form of a certificate signed by any person authorized in writing by an officer of any company authorized to issue such insurance in this state or any agent of such company licensed under the provisions of section 38a-769 , showing that a policy of insurance in such amounts, noncancellable except after ten days' written notice to the commissioner, has been issued to the person furnishing such proof and no insurance company or insurance agent shall refuse to make such filing of evidence of insurance during the time such insurance company has a valid policy in force covering the named insured or resident relative of the named insured and such company may charge a fee not to exceed ten dollars for such filing; or such proof may be the bond of a surety company or a bond with individual surety owning real estate, which bond shall be conditioned for the payment of such amounts and shall not be cancellable except after ten days' written notice to the commissioner. Such bond shall constitute a lien in favor of the state upon the real estate of any surety, which lien shall exist in favor of any holder of a judgment on account of damage caused by the operation of such person's motor vehicle, upon the filing of notice to that effect by the commissioner in the town clerk's office in the town where such real estate is located. Such proof of financial responsibility may also be evidence presented to the commissioner of a deposit by such person with the State Treasurer of a sum of money or collateral, the amount of which money or collateral shall be determined by and shall be satisfactory to the commissioner. The State Treasurer shall accept any such deposit and issue a receipt therefor, and, if such deposit is a sum of money, the state shall pay interest thereon if so directed by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management at a rate not greater than the amount received by the state. The Treasurer may deposit any money so received in any incorporated savings bank located in this state. Whenever any agent of an insurance company certifies to evidence of the insuring of any person, from whom proof of financial responsibility has been required, by the company for which such agent is authorized to solicit, negotiate or effect contracts of insurance, such company shall notify the commissioner of the cancellation or termination of the policy referred to in such certificate at least ten days before the effective date of such cancellation or termination, provided such notice shall not be required if such policy is renewed by such company, and provided a policy subsequently procured and referred to in a certificate filed with the commissioner shall, on the effective date of such policy, terminate the policy referred to in any certificate previously filed with respect to any motor vehicles designated in both certificates or, in case of an operator's policy, with respect to any operator designated in both certificates. Additional evidence of financial responsibility shall, upon request by the commissioner, be furnished to the commissioner.

(c) Satisfaction of execution. Notice of suit. Such bond, money or collateral shall be held by the commissioner or Treasurer, as the case may be, to satisfy any execution issued against such person in any cause arising out of damage caused by the operation of any motor vehicle owned or operated by such person. Money or collateral so deposited shall not be subject to attachment or execution unless such attachment or execution arises out of an action for damages, including personal injury or death, as a result of the operation of any motor vehicle. Any person who furnishes proof of financial responsibility by a deposit of money or collateral shall, upon the service of any writ or summons arising out of any action for damages including personal injury or death caused by the operation of any motor vehicle, give written notice of such service to the commissioner, who shall require that additional evidence of financial responsibility be furnished to satisfy any judgment in any other action. If a judgment rendered against the principal on a surety or real estate bond is not satisfied within thirty days after its rendition, the judgment creditor may, for the judgment creditor's own use and benefit and at the judgment creditor's sole expense, bring an action in the name of the state against the company or person executing such bond. A reasonable sum, not exceeding ten dollars, shall be charged for such investigation of the title of any surety's real estate or of collateral so deposited and of the value of the same and for the filing fee to be paid to the town clerk.

(d) Abstract of operator's record. Repealed by P.A. 73-549, S. 2, 4.

(e) Information to be furnished injured person. The commissioner shall furnish any person who may have been injured in person or property by any motor vehicle, upon written request, with such information as has been furnished to the commissioner as evidence of the financial responsibility of any operator or owner of any motor vehicle.

(f) Penalty for failure to return registration and number plates. Any operator or any registrant whose operator's license or certificate of registration has been suspended as herein provided or whose policy of liability insurance or surety bond has been cancelled or who fails to furnish additional evidence of financial responsibility upon request of the commissioner, shall immediately return to the commissioner such operator's certificate of registration and the number plate or plates issued thereunder. Failure to return such certificate and such number plate or plates shall be an infraction.

(g) Cancellation of bond. Return of collateral. The commissioner may cancel such bond or return such evidence of financial responsibility or the Treasurer may, with the consent of the commissioner, return such money or collateral to the person furnishing the same, provided one year shall have elapsed from the date of the suspension of such license during which period such person has not, in the opinion of the commissioner, violated any provision of the motor vehicle laws referred to in subsection (a) of this section. The commissioner may direct the return of any money or collateral to the person who furnished the same upon the acceptance and substitution of other evidence of financial responsibility or at any time after one year from the expiration of any registration or license issued to such person.

(h) Forging evidence of financial responsibility. Any person who forges or, without authority, signs any evidence of financial responsibility required by the commissioner in the administration of this section shall be guilty of a class D misdemeanor.

(i) Removal of financial responsibility requirement. Any person from whom proof of financial responsibility has been required may, at the end of twelve months, apply to the commissioner for removal of such requirements in a manner as determined by the commissioner. The commissioner or the commissioner's authorized representative may make such further investigation as may be deemed necessary and, upon being satisfied that such applicant is entitled to such elimination of financial requirements, may eliminate the same.

(j) When commissioner may require proof of financial responsibility. To entitle any person to receive or retain a motor vehicle operator's license or a certificate of registration of any motor vehicle when, in the opinion of the commissioner, such person has committed larceny of a motor vehicle, the value of which exceeds ten thousand dollars, or violated any of the provisions of the following-named sections and subsections: Section 14-44 , section 14-80h or 14-80i , sections 14-110 , 14-147 , 14-217 , 14-219 , sections 14-228 , 14-275 to 14-281 , inclusive, or any similar provision of the laws of any other state or any territory, or who has been convicted of, or has forfeited any bond taken for appearance for, or has received a suspended judgment or sentence for, a violation of any of said provisions, or a violation of any of the provisions of sections 14-230 to 14-247 , inclusive, and 38a-371 , within a twelve-month period following a violation of any of said sections, the commissioner may require from such person proof of financial responsibility to satisfy any claim for damages by reason of personal injury to, or the death of, any one person, of twenty-five thousand dollars, or by reason of personal injury to, or the death of, more than one person on account of any accident, of at least fifty thousand dollars, and for damage to property of at least twenty-five thousand dollars. When the commissioner requires proof of financial responsibility from an operator or owner of any motor vehicle, he may require proof in the amounts herein specified for each vehicle operated or owned by such person. If any person fails to furnish such proof, the commissioner shall, until such proof is furnished, suspend or revoke the license of such person to operate a motor vehicle or refuse to return any license which has been suspended or revoked in accordance with the provisions of section 14-111 or suspend or revoke the registration of any such motor vehicle or vehicles or refuse thereafter to register any motor vehicle owned by such person or refuse to register any motor vehicle transferred by such person if it does not appear to the commissioner's satisfaction that such transfer is a bona fide sale, or, if such person is not a resident of this state, withdraw from such person the privilege of operating any motor vehicle in this state and the privilege of operation within this state of any motor vehicle owned by such person. Prior to such suspension, revocation or withdrawal, notice thereof shall be given by the commissioner by a notice forwarded by bulk certified mail to the address of such person as shown by the records of the commissioner. No appeal taken from the judgment of any court shall act as a stay to any action of the commissioner authorized by the provisions of this section.

Cited. 140 C. 304; 153 C. 633, 647; 161 C. 169. Mere violation does not create liability. Id., 388. Cited. 169 C. 267; 171 C. 255; 203 C. 305; 205 C. 178; 211 C. 640; 212 C. 652; 229 C. 824. A self-insurer need not prove the existence of a document requesting the minimum statutory coverage limits; its uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage limits are deemed to be those provided by section. 306 C. 340.

Cited. 28 CA 145; 31 CA 797; 36 CA 713; 45 CA 630; 46 CA 313.

Cited. 5 CS 341. Suspension continues until proof of financial ability is produced. 16 CS 180. Taxicab driver, whose license has been revoked for failure to prove financial responsibility, cannot collect unemployment compensation. 19 CS 364. Cited. 36 CS 561.

Where a minor's vehicle is registered in the name of the father for the purpose of evading financial responsibility, the registered owner of the vehicle is estopped to deny not only ownership of the vehicle but also that the minor-owner was acting in furtherance of the business of the father when the tort occurred. 3 Conn. Cir. Ct. 591, 598. Cited. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 162.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 165 C. 466. Minimum uninsured motorist coverage for damages by reason of personal injury or death. 171 C. 443. Cited. Id., 463; 215 C. 399; 222 C. 631; Id., 657; 226 C. 427.

Cited. 44 CS 59.

Subsec. (b):

Provisions of Subsec. do not exclude other forms of security. 143 C. 202.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-44e — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-44e
Sec. 14-44e. Limitations on issuance of commercial driver's license. Qualification standards. Waiver of skills test. Requirements for license endorsement to operate vehicle transporting hazardous materials. Commercial learner's permit.
Status: in_force

(2) On and after February 7, 2022, the commissioner shall not (A) administer a commercial driver's license skills test to a person who is applying for or upgrading to a class A or class B commercial driver's license, or applying for a “P” or “S” endorsement, until the commissioner has verified with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration that such person has undergone the entry level driver training required under 49 CFR Part 380, as amended from time to time, and (B) administer a commercial driver's license knowledge test to any person who is applying for a “H” endorsement until the commissioner has verified with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration that such person has undergone the entry level driver training required under 49 CFR Part 380, as amended from time to time. The provisions of this subdivision shall not apply to any person who is exempt under 49 CFR Part 383, as amended from time to time.

(b) The commissioner shall not issue a commercial driver's license or a commercial learner's permit to any applicant who does not meet the physical qualification standards set forth in 49 CFR 391, as amended from time to time. As required by 49 CFR 383.71(h), each applicant for a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit shall provide to the commissioner a copy of a medical examiner's certificate, prepared by a medical examiner, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5, indicating that such applicant is medically certified to operate a commercial motor vehicle. For each applicant who has submitted such medical certification and who has also certified, in accordance with 49 CFR 383.71(b) and subsection (c) of section 14-44c , that such applicant operates in nonexcepted interstate commerce, the commissioner shall post a medical certification status of “certified” on the Commercial Driver's License Information System driver record for such applicant. The holder of a commercial driver's license who has not been examined and certified as qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle during the preceding twenty-four months, or a shorter period as indicated by the medical examiner submitting such certificate, shall be required to submit a new medical certificate. The commissioner shall not issue a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit to any applicant or holder who fails to submit the medical certification required by this section. If the holder of a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit fails to submit a new medical examiner's certificate before the expiration of twenty-four months or the period specified by the medical examiner, whichever is shorter, the commissioner shall, not later than sixty days after the date that such holder's medical status becomes uncertified: (1) Downgrade the commercial driver's license to a Class D operator's license; or (2) cancel the commercial learner's permit. Any applicant or holder who is denied a commercial driver's license or a commercial learner's permit, or whose license or permit is disqualified, suspended, revoked or cancelled pursuant to this subsection, shall be granted an opportunity for a hearing in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54.

(c) The commissioner may waive the skills test required under subsection (a) of this section in the case of an applicant for a commercial driver's license who meets the requirements of 49 CFR 383.77, as amended or, in the case of an applicant for a school bus endorsement who meets the requirements of 49 CFR 383.123, as amended.

(d) A commercial driver's license shall not be issued to any person subject to disqualification from driving a commercial motor vehicle or subject to suspension, revocation or cancellation of operating privileges in any state. Each applicant for an endorsement to drive a vehicle transporting hazardous materials shall be subject to the requirements of 49 USC 5103a, as administered by the United States Transportation Security Administration. The commissioner may refuse to issue a hazardous materials endorsement, or may suspend or revoke any such endorsement, held by any person who is the subject of a notification received from the Transportation Security Administration, in accordance with the provisions of 49 CFR 1572.5, as amended.

(e) An operator's license shall not be issued to any person who holds an operator's license issued by any other state, unless such person first surrenders such license or licenses to the commissioner. The commissioner shall return every license surrendered hereunder to the issuing state for cancellation.

(f) The commissioner may refuse to issue a commercial driver's license, or may issue a commercial driver's license subject to compliance with such condition as the commissioner may prescribe, to any person whose motor vehicle operator's license, privilege to operate a motor vehicle in this state or license endorsement is under suspension or is subject to any pending action by the commissioner that may result in suspension.

(g) The commissioner may issue a commercial learner's permit to any person who holds a valid operator's license. Such permit may be issued for a period not exceeding one year. Any holder of a commercial learner's permit who has not obtained a commercial driver's license on or before the expiration date of such permit shall be required to retake the commercial driver's license knowledge test and any applicable endorsement knowledge tests. The holder of a commercial learner's permit may, unless otherwise disqualified or suspended, drive a commercial motor vehicle if such holder is accompanied by the holder of a commercial driver's license of the appropriate class and bearing endorsements for the type of vehicle being driven who occupies a seat beside the individual for the purpose of giving instruction in driving the commercial motor vehicle. The commissioner shall not administer a commercial driver's license driving skills test to any holder of a commercial learner's permit unless such person has held such permit for a minimum period of fourteen days.

(h) (1) The commissioner shall deny or disqualify for a period of sixty days a commercial learner's permit or commercial driver's license if it is determined that an applicant or holder has provided false information on any certification the applicant or holder is required to give relative to such permit or license application.

(2) If an applicant or holder is suspected of fraud related to the issuance of a commercial learner's permit or commercial driver's license, such applicant or holder shall be required to schedule the commercial driver's license knowledge test and driving skills test not later than thirty days after notification by the commissioner of the suspected fraud. Failure to schedule both such tests or failure to pass both such tests shall result in disqualification of such permit or license and the applicant or holder shall be required to reapply for the permit or license.

(3) Any applicant or holder convicted of fraud related to the issuance of a commercial learner's permit or commercial driver's license shall have such applicant's or holder's permit or license disqualified for one year from the date of conviction and shall be required to retake such tests.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-96d — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-96d
Sec. 14-96d. Reflectors.
Status: in_force

(b) Each such reflector shall be mounted on the vehicle at a height of not less than fifteen inches nor more than sixty inches, and shall be of such size and characteristics and so mounted as to be visible at night from all distances within three hundred fifty feet to one hundred feet from such vehicle when directly in front of upper beams of head lamps.

(c) Failure to carry and mount reflectors as required in this section shall be an infraction.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-303 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 249 / Section 14-303
Sec. 14-303. Designation of one-way streets.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 14-111g re operator's retraining program.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-52a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-52a
Sec. 14-52a. Grounds for refusal to grant or renew a dealer or repairer license.
Status: in_force

(b) The commissioner shall not, after notice and hearing, grant or renew a license to an applicant for or the holder of a used car dealer's license that is delinquent in the payment of sales tax in connection with a business from which it is or was obligated to remit sales tax, as reported to the commissioner by the Department of Revenue Services.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-212g — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-212g
Sec. 14-212g. Work zone safety account.
Status: in_force

(b) Upon receipt of the moneys paid pursuant to subdivisions (4) and (5) of subsection (b) of section 13b-61 , the State Treasurer shall transfer nine thousand dollars of such moneys monthly to the work zone safety account established in subsection (a) of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-164aa — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246b / Section 14-164aa
Sec. 14-164aa. Event data recorders: Knowingly altering or deleting data, or destroying event data recorder after crash event prohibited, when.
Status: in_force

(b) (1) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, no person, except the registered owner of the motor vehicle that contains the event data recorder, or the registered owner's representative, may retrieve, obtain or use data stored on or transmitted from the event data recorder unless:

(A) The individual who is the registered owner or lessee of the motor vehicle at the time the data is retrieved, obtained or used, or the individual's representative, consents in writing;

(B) The data is retrieved or obtained by a peace officer, as defined in section 53a-3 , pursuant to a search warrant issued by a judge of the Superior Court or a judge trial referee under the provisions of section 54-33a , or by any court of competent jurisdiction;

(C) The data is used for the purpose of improving motor vehicle safety, security or traffic management, including the purpose of medical research on physical reaction to motor vehicle accidents, provided the identity of the registered owner, lessee, operator or other occupant of the motor vehicle is not disclosed with respect to the data, except that the disclosure of a vehicle identification number with the last six numbers deleted for such purposes shall not constitute disclosure of the identity of the registered owner, lessee, operator or other occupant;

(D) The data is retrieved or obtained by a licensed new car dealer, as defined in section 14-51 , a repairer, as defined in section 14-51 , or the manufacturer, as defined in section 14-1 , that manufactured the motor vehicle, and used for the purpose of diagnosing, servicing or repairing the motor vehicle; or

(E) The data is retrieved or obtained pursuant to a legally proper discovery request or order in a civil action.

(2) Any person who retrieves or obtains such data, except a peace officer who retrieves or obtains such data pursuant to subparagraph (B) of subdivision (1) of this subsection, shall not further disclose such data, except that such person may further disclose such data as provided in subparagraph (C) or (D) of subdivision (1) of this subsection if the identity of the registered owner, lessee, operator or other occupant is not disclosed.

(c) Data from an event data recorder may be retrieved, obtained and used by a subscription service provider pursuant to a subscription agreement if the subscription agreement discloses that the data may be stored and transmitted.

(d) No person may knowingly alter or delete data on an event data recorder, or knowingly destroy an event data recorder, after a crash event that resulted in a death or a serious physical injury, as defined in section 53a-3 , within a reasonable amount of time sufficient for a peace officer to obtain a search warrant.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-264 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-264
Sec. 14-264. Special permits for vehicles of excessive height.
Status: in_force

Violation constitutes negligence but to constitute contributory negligence it must be a proximate cause or substantial factor in bringing about the injuries. 145 C. 714.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-21c — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-21c
Sec. 14-21c. Number plates for manufacturers of motor vehicles or automotive equipment.
Status: in_force

(b) The commissioner shall charge an annual fee of seventy dollars for the issuance of registration and plates for any such experimental test motor vehicle. Such registration shall expire one year following the date of issuance and shall not be renewed.

(c) No registration and marker plate shall be issued pursuant to this section unless the applicant has furnished financial responsibility satisfactory to the commissioner as defined in section 14-112 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-111l — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-111l
Sec. 14-111l. Driver control record. Record of convictions and administrative actions.
Status: in_force

(b) Upon notification of issuance of a license by another member jurisdiction, in accordance with subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner shall transfer the driver control record to the driver licensing authority of such new jurisdiction of record within thirty days.

(c) Each driver control record shall contain the information prescribed by the commissioner, in accordance with the terms of the driver license agreement and as set forth in regulations adopted by the commissioner in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54.

(d) The commissioner shall maintain a record as to all convictions and administrative actions for motor vehicle and traffic violations committed in this state, and for any cases of failure to comply, as reported to the commissioner in accordance with the provisions of sections 14-140 and 14-141 , by any person who has not been issued a motor vehicle operator's license by the commissioner or by the licensing authority of any other member jurisdiction, or whose license has expired or been cancelled. The commissioner shall transmit such record to such licensing authority of another jurisdiction, upon notification of the issuance of a license to such person.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-61 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-61
Sec. 14-61. Issuance of temporary transfer of registration by dealer. Fee. Return of number plates and registration applications by dealer.
Status: in_force

(b) The commissioner shall require any dealer who is authorized to issue a temporary transfer of registration in accordance with subsection (a) of this section or a new registration in accordance with subsection (c) of section 14-12 to file each application for a permanent registration electronically if the commissioner determines that the dealer files, on average, five or more such applications for permanent registration each month with the Department of Motor Vehicles. Any dealer may make a written request to the commissioner for an exemption from filing such applications electronically due to a hardship, including, but not limited to, a lack of access to a device capable of communicating electronically. The commissioner may enter into an agreement with one or more nonprofit associations or organizations representing the interests of motor vehicle dealers to file such applications electronically on behalf of such dealer. The commissioner may authorize such nonprofit association or organization to charge a convenience fee, in an amount to be determined by the commissioner, to each dealer for an application submitted electronically by such nonprofit association or organization.

(c) If any dealer licensed under this subpart holds a dealer license that is no longer valid or if any such licensed dealer is no longer conducting its licensed business, such dealer shall return to the commissioner, within five business days of such license becoming invalid or the termination of such business, (1) any number plates or other materials supplied by the commissioner to enable such dealer to issue new registrations under subsection (c) of section 14-12 or to complete the temporary transfer of registrations under subsection (a) of this section, and (2) any applications for new registrations or registration transfers that were not acted upon or completed by such dealer when it was conducting its licensed business. A violation of any provision of this subsection shall be an infraction.

Mere violation does not create liability. 161 C. 388.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-252 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-252
Sec. 14-252. Parking so as to obstruct driveway.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 14-107 re liability of owner, operator or lessee of vehicle.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-289f — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-289f
Sec. 14-289f. Liability insurance required for motorcycles or autocycles.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 14-12(f)(5) re proof of insurance requirement prior to registration.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-226 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-226
Sec. 14-226. Operator to report injury to dog.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 22-351 re unlawful injury to or killing of dog.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-212e — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-212e
Sec. 14-212e. Highway Work Zone Safety Advisory Council established. Membership, meetings and duties.
Status: in_force

(b) The council shall be comprised of the following members: The Commissioners of Transportation, Emergency Services and Public Protection and Motor Vehicles, or their designees; the president of the Connecticut Employees Union Independent, or such person's designee; the president of the Connecticut State Police Union, or such person's designee; and a representative of the Connecticut Construction Industries Association, designated by the president of said association. Appointees should be persons with knowledge and experience concerning highway work zones. Appointments to the council shall be made not later than November 1, 2008. The chairperson of the council shall be appointed by the Governor and shall convene the first meeting of the council not later than December 1, 2008.

(c) The council shall meet quarterly, or more often as needed, and report its recommendations to the Commissioner of Transportation and the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to transportation on or before January fifteenth of each year.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-227m — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-227m
Sec. 14-227m. Operation of motor vehicle with a child passenger while under the influence of liquor or drug or while having an elevated blood alcohol content. Procedures. Penalties.
Status: in_force

(b) The provisions of subsections (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (h), (i), (j), (k) and (l) of section 14-227a , adapted accordingly, shall be applicable to a violation of subsection (a) of this section.

(c) Any person who violates any provision of subsection (a) of this section shall: (1) For conviction of a first violation, (A) be fined not less than five hundred dollars or more than two thousand dollars, (B) be imprisoned not more than one year, thirty consecutive days of which may not be suspended or reduced in any manner, and sentenced to a period of probation requiring as a condition of such probation that such person: (i) Perform one hundred hours of community service, as defined in section 14-227e , (ii) submit to an assessment through the Court Support Services Division of the Judicial Branch of the degree of such person's alcohol or drug abuse, (iii) undergo a treatment program, including chemical screening, if so ordered, (iv) submit to an interview and evaluation by the Department of Children and Families to assess any ongoing risk posed to any child who was a passenger in the motor vehicle at the time of the violation, and (v) cooperate with any programming, treatment, directives or plan if so ordered by the Department of Children and Families, and (C) have such person's motor vehicle operator's license or nonresident operating privilege suspended for forty-five days and, as a condition for the restoration of such license, be required to install an ignition interlock device on each motor vehicle owned or operated by such person and, upon such restoration, be prohibited for the one-year period following such restoration from operating a motor vehicle unless such motor vehicle is equipped with a functioning, approved ignition interlock device, as defined in section 14-227j ; (2) for conviction of a second violation of this section not later than ten years after a prior conviction for the same offense, (A) be fined not less than one thousand dollars or more than four thousand dollars, (B) be imprisoned not more than three years, one hundred eighty consecutive days of which may not be suspended or reduced in any manner and sentenced to a period of probation requiring as a condition of such probation that such person: (i) Perform one hundred hours of community service, as defined in section 14-227e , (ii) submit to an assessment through the Court Support Services Division of the Judicial Branch of the degree of such person's alcohol or drug abuse, (iii) undergo a treatment program, including chemical screening, if so ordered, (iv) submit to an interview and evaluation by the Department of Children and Families to assess any ongoing risk posed to any child who was a passenger in the motor vehicle at the time of the violation, and (v) cooperate with any programming, treatment, directives or plan if so ordered by the Department of Children and Families, and (C) have such person's motor vehicle operator's license or nonresident operating privilege suspended for forty-five days and, as a condition for the restoration of such license, be required to install an ignition interlock device on each motor vehicle owned or operated by such person and, upon such restoration, be prohibited for the three-year period following such restoration from operating a motor vehicle unless such motor vehicle is equipped with a functioning, approved ignition interlock device, as defined in section 14-227j , except that for the first year of such three-year period, such person's operation of a motor vehicle shall be limited to such person's transportation to or from work or school, an alcohol or drug abuse treatment program, an ignition interlock device service center, a treatment program ordered by the Department of Children and Families or an appointment with a probation officer or Department of Children and Families caseworker; and (3) for a third or subsequent conviction of a violation of this section not later than ten years after a prior conviction for the same offense, (A) be fined not less than two thousand dollars or more than eight thousand dollars, (B) be imprisoned not more than five years, two years of which may not be suspended or reduced in any manner, and sentenced to a period of probation requiring as a condition of such probation that such person: (i) Perform one hundred hours of community service, as defined in section 14-227e , (ii) submit to an assessment through the Court Support Services Division of the Judicial Branch of the degree of such person's alcohol or drug abuse, (iii) undergo a treatment program, including chemical screening, if so ordered, (iv) submit to an interview and evaluation by the Department of Children and Families to assess any ongoing risk posed to any child who was a passenger in the motor vehicle at the time of the offense, and (v) cooperate with any programming, treatment, directives or plan if so ordered by the Department of Children and Families, and (C) have such person's motor vehicle operator's license or nonresident operating privilege permanently revoked upon such third offense, except that if such person's revocation is reversed or reduced pursuant to subsection (i) of section 14-111 , such person shall be prohibited from operating a motor vehicle unless such motor vehicle is equipped with a functioning, approved ignition interlock device, as defined in section 14-227j , for the time period prescribed in subdivision (2) of subsection (i) of section 14-111 . For purposes of the imposition of penalties for a second or third and subsequent offense pursuant to this subsection, a conviction under the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, subsection (a) of section 14-227a , subsection (a) of section 14-227g , subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of section 14-227n , subsection (a) of section 53a-56b or subsection (a) of section 53a-60d or a conviction in any other state of any offense, the essential elements of which are determined by the court to be substantially the same as the elements of the aforementioned provisions, shall constitute a prior conviction for the same offense.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-67i — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-67i
Sec. 14-67i. (Formerly Sec. 21-16). Certificate of approval of location required. Exemption.
Status: in_force

(b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any public agency, as defined in section 7-339a , which acquires, collects, dismantles or disposes of junk or abandoned motor vehicles pursuant to a program of solid waste disposal, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 446d and the regulations of Connecticut state agencies, concerning the operation of motor vehicle recycler's yards, provided this exemption shall not apply to any public agency which sells or distributes or exchanges for profit motor vehicle parts for reuse as such, and provided further, such public agency shall designate an employee to maintain accurate records of all motor vehicles received and processed. Such records shall include the make, year, serial number and, if available, the name and address of the person from whom each vehicle was received. A list containing the make, year and serial number of each such motor vehicle shall be sent to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles on or before the last day of the month following the month during which such disposal occurred.

Annotations to former section 21-16:

Cited. 116 C. 460; 138 C. 613; 151 C. 706. Requires certificate of approval from local authorities before the issuance of licenses by Commissioner of Motor Vehicles. 144 C. 67. Purpose of licensing junk dealer. 145 C. 490. Function of board under section prior to 1967 amendment is twofold: To certify that location is not within a restricted area, and if not within such area, to conduct a public hearing to determine the suitability of the location in view of the factors set out in Sec. 21-17; if location is within restricted area, zoning board of appeals lacks authority to grant a variance or to hold a public hearing. 147 C. 469. Appeal from decision of zoning appeals board allowed where no finding location was unsuitable for any reason specified in Sec. 21-17 had been made by board. 158 C. 244.

Cited. 24 CS 226.

Annotations to present section:

Cited. 233 C. 254; Id., 281.

Cited. 34 CA 402.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-21o — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-21o
Sec. 14-21o. United We Stand commemorative number plates. Fees. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(b) A fee of fifty dollars shall be charged for United We Stand commemorative number plates, in addition to the regular fee or fees prescribed for the registration of a motor vehicle. Fifteen dollars of such fee shall be deposited in an account controlled by the Department of Motor Vehicles to be used for the cost of producing, issuing, renewing and replacing such number plates and thirty-five dollars of such fee shall be deposited in an account controlled by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management for purposes of section 14-21p . No additional fee shall be charged in connection with the renewal of such number plates. No transfer fee shall be charged for the transfer of an existing registration to or from a registration with United We Stand commemorative number plates. Such number plates shall have letters and numbers selected by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles. The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may establish a higher fee for: (1) Number plates which contain the numbers and letters from a previously issued number plate; (2) number plates which contain letters in place of numbers as authorized by section 14-49 , in addition to the fee or fees prescribed for registration under said section; and (3) number plates which are low number plates issued in accordance with section 14-160 , in addition to the fee or fees prescribed for registration under said section. All fees established and collected pursuant to this section, except moneys designated for administrative costs of the Department of Motor Vehicles, shall be deposited in the United We Stand commemorative account established pursuant to section 14-21p .

(c) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to establish standards and procedures for the issuance, renewal and replacement of United We Stand commemorative number plates.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-67g — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-67g
Sec. 14-67g. (Formerly Sec. 21-15). Definitions.
Status: in_force

Annotations to former section 21-15:

Former provision authorizing commissioner to determine unfitness and bulk deemed unconstitutional. 116 C. 470. Business of buying, sorting and grading used tires not within definition. 145 C. 490. Plant that manufactures processed scrap autos is not a “motor vehicle junk business.” 161 C. 229.

Definition, “motor vehicle junk yard”, applies to fenced-in property not open to view from public highway. 12 CS 70. Where defendant did not buy or cut up cars for junk and where he had unrepairable cars or parts removed periodically, held that he was not operating a motor vehicle junk yard. 24 CS 222.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-112a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-112a
Sec. 14-112a. Online Insurance Verification System.
Status: in_force

(1) “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles;

(2) “Database” means the database supported by the Online Insurance Verification System;

(3) “Department” means the Department of Motor Vehicles;

(4) “Insurer” means an insurance company that is authorized to issue motor vehicle liability insurance policies in this state; and

(5) “System” means the Online Insurance Verification System.

(b) The department shall establish the Online Insurance Verification System for the purposes of (1) verifying that a motor vehicle owner or operator has procured and maintained the security coverage required pursuant to sections 14-112 and 38a-371 , (2) providing the commissioner and insurers with an effective method for complying with this chapter and chapters 248 and 700, and (3) reducing the number of uninsured motor vehicles on the highways of the state. The system shall be available, at all times and in the manner prescribed by the department, to allow state and local law enforcement agencies and any government agency authorized for system access by the commissioner to verify the security coverage of any motor vehicle.

(c) (1) The system shall include (A) the owner and vehicle information for all active registrations, provided by the department, and (B) a record of each motor vehicle insurance policy in effect, provided by each insurer in accordance with subdivision (2) of this subsection.

(2) Each insurer shall, each month on a date specified by the commissioner, submit to the department a record of each motor vehicle insurance policy in effect for vehicles registered or garaged in the state as of the date of such submission. Each insurer that issues commercial fleet policies may satisfy this requirement by providing the fleet policy number that covers the vehicles of its insured. The record provided by an insurer shall be in a format and contain the data as specified by the department. Such record shall be provided by electronic means or by another form approved by the department. An insurer may submit more frequent reports than once monthly, if it so chooses.

(3) With the information provided pursuant to this subsection, the department shall, at least monthly: (A) Update the database with the records provided by insurers pursuant to section 38a-343a and subdivision (2) of this subsection; (B) match the department information of owner and vehicle information for all active registrations with the records submitted by insurers; and (C) compare all current motor vehicle registrations against the records submitted by insurers.

(d) Each insurer shall be required to establish an online web service, accessible through the system, to verify the insurance of a vehicle in real time. At its discretion, the department may establish alternate methods for verifying commercial vehicle liability insurance policies or liability policies issued by insurers who write fewer than a threshold number of policies, as established by the commissioner in consultation with the Insurance Commissioner and insurers.

(e) The system shall (1) be capable of sending requests to insurers for verification of motor vehicle liability insurance, using online web services established by insurers as required pursuant to subsection (d) of this section, (2) allow state and local law enforcement agencies to access the database in real time, and (3) generate reports that may be useful for the implementation of the purposes of this section, as determined by the commissioner.

(f) The commissioner may enter into an agreement with a private third-party vendor to develop and maintain the system established pursuant to this section, under the direction and management of the department, provided such vendor has entered into an agreement to protect the confidentiality of the information and data contained within the system.

(g) (1) The Department of Motor Vehicles may use the information contained in the database for the administration and enforcement of this chapter and chapters 248 and 700.

(2) All information contained in the database shall be treated as a motor vehicle record, as defined in section 14-10 , and shall not be disclosed except as permitted under section 14-10 and 18 USC 2721 et seq., as amended from time to time.

(h) (1) An insurer shall not be liable to any person for information the insurer provides to the department or to a third-party vendor in compliance with this section, including information an insurer may provide or omit erroneously in good faith.

(2) The state, the department and a third-party vendor shall not be liable to any person for gathering, managing or using the information in the database, provided such actions are in compliance with this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-67q — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-67q
Sec. 14-67q. (Formerly Sec. 21-22). Commissioner may impose conditions concerning establishment and maintenance of yards.
Status: in_force

Annotation to former section 21-22:

Cited. 116 C. 462.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-311 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 249 / Section 14-311
Sec. 14-311. Open air theaters, shopping centers and certain other developments affecting state highway traffic.
Status: in_force

(b) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection or permitted by the Office of the State Traffic Administration, no local building official shall issue a building or foundation permit to any person, firm, corporation, state agency or municipal agency to build, expand, establish or operate such a development until the person, firm, corporation or agency provides to such official a copy of the certificate issued under this section by the office. No local building official shall issue a certificate of occupancy to any such person, firm, corporation or agency for such development until the conditions of the certificate issued by the office under this section have been satisfied. If the office determines that a local building official issued a building or foundation permit to any such person, firm, corporation or agency without such person, firm, corporation or agency having a certificate from the office, the office shall order the building official to revoke such building or foundation permit. If the office determines that any person, firm, corporation or agency has (1) started building, expanding, establishing or operating such a development without first obtaining a certificate from said office, or (2) has failed to comply with the conditions of such a certificate, the office shall order the person, firm, corporation or agency to (A) cease constructing, expanding, establishing or operating the development, or (B) comply with the conditions of the certificate within a reasonable period of time. If such person, firm, corporation or agency fails to (i) cease such work, or (ii) comply with an order of the office within such time as specified by the office, the office may apply to the superior court for the judicial district of Hartford or the judicial district where the development is located enjoining the construction, expansion, establishment or operation of such development. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection, for single family home building lots within a subdivision of land, for which a certificate is required and which do not have a direct exit or entrance on, or directly abut or adjoin any state highway, no local building official shall issue a certificate of occupancy to any person, firm, corporation, state agency or municipal agency to occupy homes on such lots until the person, firm, corporation or agency provides to such official a copy of the certificate issued under this section by the office and such official confirms that the certificate conditions have been satisfied.

(c) The Office of the State Traffic Administration, to the extent practicable, shall begin its review of an application prior to final approval of the proposed activity by the municipal planning and zoning agency or other responsible municipal agency.

(d) In determining the advisability of such certification, the Office of the State Traffic Administration shall include, in its consideration, highway safety, bicycle and pedestrian access and safety, the width and character of the highways affected, the density of traffic thereon, the character of such traffic and the opinion and findings of the traffic authority of the municipality wherein the development is located. The office may require improvements to be made by the applicant to the extent that such improvements address impacts to state highway safety or bicycle and pedestrian access and safety created by the addition of the applicant's proposed development or activity. If the office determines that such improvements, including traffic signals, pavement markings, channelization, pavement widening or other changes or traffic control devices, are required to handle traffic safely and efficiently, one hundred per cent of the cost thereof shall be borne by the person, firm, corporation or agency building, establishing or operating such open air theater, shopping center or other development generating large volumes of traffic, except that such cost shall not be borne by any municipal agency. The Commissioner of Transportation may issue a permit to such person, firm, corporation or agency to construct or install the changes required by the office.

(e) Any person, firm, corporation or agency building, establishing or operating such open air theater, shopping center or other development generating large volumes of traffic aggrieved by any decision of the Office of the State Traffic Administration under this section may appeal therefrom in accordance with the provisions of section 4-183 , except venue for such appeal shall be in the judicial district in which it is proposed to operate such establishment. The provisions of this section, except insofar as such provisions relate to expansion, shall not apply to any open air theater, shopping center or other development generating large volumes of traffic in operation on July 1, 1967.

(f) Before submitting an application for a certificate for any development generating large volumes of traffic pursuant to subsection (a) of this section to the Office of the State Traffic Administration, the person, firm, corporation or agency submitting such application shall attend a mandatory meeting with the Office of the State Traffic Administration and other staff from the Department of Transportation. At such meeting, such person, firm, corporation or agency shall present the applicant's proposed development and receive feedback, including, but not limited to, information as to what materials need to be submitted for an application to be considered complete.

See Sec. 14-311c re developed parcels of land separately owned and utilized together for a single development purpose which affects state highway traffic.

Approval by State Traffic Commission is not a condition precedent to issuance of a building permit by local authority. 144 C. 67. Cited. 176 C. 63; 180 C. 11.

Cited. 43 CA 52.

No open air theater can lawfully be built until the required certificate has been issued. 18 CS 521. The issue of adequacy of roads leading to proposed site is determined by the State Traffic Commission. 20 CS 192.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-212 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-212
Sec. 14-212. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) The following terms shall be construed as they are defined in section 14-1 : “Agricultural tractor”, “authorized emergency vehicle”, “class 1 electric bicycle”, “class 2 electric bicycle”, “class 3 electric bicycle”, “commissioner”, “driver”, “electric bicycle”, “electric foot scooter”, “fuels”, “gross weight”, “head lamp”, “high-mileage vehicle”, “highway”, “light weight”, “limited access highway”, “maintenance vehicle”, “motor bus”, “motorcycle”, “motor vehicle registration”, “nonresident”, “nonskid device”, “number plate”, “officer”, “operator”, “owner”, “passenger motor vehicle”, “passenger and commercial motor vehicle”, “person”, “pneumatic tires”, “pole trailer”, “registration”, “registration number”, “second offense”, “semitrailer”, “shoulder”, “solid tires”, “stop”, “subsequent offense”, “tail lamp”, “tank vehicle”, “tractor”, “tractor-trailer unit”, “trailer”, “truck” and “vanpool vehicle”;

(2) “Carrier” means (A) any local or regional school district, any educational institution providing elementary or secondary education or any person, firm or corporation under contract to such district or institution engaged in the business of transporting students, or (B) any person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of transporting primarily persons under the age of twenty-one years for compensation;

(3) “Curb” includes the boundary of the traveled portion of any highway, whether or not the boundary is marked by a curbstone;

(4) “Intersection” means the area embraced within the prolongation of the lateral curb lines of two or more highways which join one another at an angle, whether or not one of the highways crosses the other;

(5) “Motor vehicle” includes all vehicles used on the public highways;

(6) “Parking area” means lots, areas or other accommodations for the parking of motor vehicles off the street or highway and open to public use with or without charge;

(7) “Rotary” or “roundabout” means a physical barrier legally placed or constructed at an intersection to cause traffic to move in a circuitous course;

(8) “Student” means any person under the age of twenty-one years who is attending a preprimary, primary or secondary school program of education;

(9) “Student transportation vehicle” means any motor vehicle other than a registered school bus used by a carrier for the transportation of students to or from school, school programs or school-sponsored events; and

(10) “Vehicle” has the same meaning as “motor vehicle”.

“Open to public use” discussed; judgment of Appellate Court in 11 CA 644 revised. 207 C. 612.

Cited. 9 CA 686. “Open to public use” discussed. 11 CA 644, but see 207 C. 612. Cited. 17 CA 100; 45 CA 225. A moped or bicycle with a helper motor, when used on the public highway, is a “motor vehicle”. 112 CA 190.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-9 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-9
Sec. 14-9. Oath of office.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 1-25 re forms of oaths.

Cited. 240 C. 10.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-21y — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-21y
Sec. 14-21y. Hartford Whalers commemorative number plates.
Status: in_force

(b) A fee of sixty dollars shall be charged for Hartford Whalers commemorative number plates, in addition to the regular fee or fees prescribed for the registration of a motor vehicle. Fifteen dollars of such fee shall be deposited in an account controlled by the Department of Motor Vehicles to be used for the cost of producing, issuing, renewing and replacing such number plates and forty-five dollars of such fee shall be deposited in the Hartford Whalers commemorative account established under subsection (d) of this section. No additional fee shall be charged in connection with the renewal of such number plates. No transfer fee shall be charged for transfer of an existing registration to or from a registration with Hartford Whalers commemorative number plates. Such number plates shall have letters and numbers selected by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles. The commissioner may establish a higher fee for number plates: (1) That contain the numbers and letters from a previously issued number plate; (2) that contain letters in place of numbers, as authorized by section 14-49 , in addition to the fee or fees prescribed for registration under said section; and (3) that are low number plates issued in accordance with section 14-160 , in addition to the fee or fees prescribed for registration under said section. All fees established and collected pursuant to this section, except moneys designated for administrative costs of the Department of Motor Vehicles, shall be deposited in the Hartford Whalers commemorative account.

(c) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to establish standards and procedures for the issuance, renewal and replacement of Hartford Whalers commemorative number plates.

(d) There is established an account to be known as the “Hartford Whalers commemorative account” which shall be a separate, nonlapsing account within the General Fund. The account shall contain any moneys required by law to be deposited in the account. Moneys in the account shall be expended by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management to provide funding to the Connecticut Children's Medical Center. The secretary may receive private donations to the account and any such receipts shall be deposited in the account.

(e) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may provide for the reproduction and marking of the Hartford Whalers commemorative number plates image for use on clothing, recreational equipment, posters, mementoes or other products or programs deemed by the commissioner to be suitable as a means of supporting the Hartford Whalers commemorative account. Any moneys received by the commissioner from such marketing shall be deposited in the account.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-46g — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-46g
Sec. 14-46g. Right of appeal.
Status: in_force

Cited. 225 C. 499.

Cited. 33 CA 727; 41 CA 866.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-249 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-249
Sec. 14-249. Stopping at grade crossings.
Status: in_force

(b) An operator of a commercial motor vehicle shall refrain from passing over such grade crossing, regardless of whether flashing lights are erected or are operable at such grade crossing, unless all tracks are clear.

(c) An operator of a commercial motor vehicle shall, upon approaching a railroad grade crossing, drive such motor vehicle at a rate of speed that will enable such motor vehicle to be stopped when required by the provisions of subsection (a) or (b) of this section or section 14-250 .

(d) Violation of any provision of this section shall be an infraction.

See Sec. 14-111g re operator's retraining program.

See Sec. 14-301(e) re stopping at stop signs posted at grade crossings.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-257 — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-257
Sec. 14-257. Crowded seats. Riders on outside of vehicle. Aisle seats.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall operate any motor vehicle used for the transportation of passengers for hire having seats placed in any aisle.

(c) Violation of any provision of this section shall be an infraction.

Question of fact whether seating capacity of front seat is sufficient for 3 persons. 121 C. 96, see 123 C. 353.

Cited. 40 CA 495.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-164c — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246a / Section 14-164c
Sec. 14-164c. (Formerly Sec. 14-100c). Motor vehicle emissions systems. Emissions standards and inspections. Notice re motor vehicle inspected is subject to an open recall. Inspection facilities. Fees. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(2) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall not revoke the registration of a motor vehicle pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection if such vehicle is subject to any consent decree approved by the United States District Court for the Northern District of California on October 25, 2016, in settlement of Case Number 15-MD-2672-CRB (JSC) entitled “In Re: Volkswagen ‘Clean Diesel' Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation”.

(b) (1) The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall consult with the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles and furnish the commissioner with technical information, including testing techniques, standards and instructions for emission control features and equipment. The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall furnish the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles with emission standards for all motor vehicles subject to the inspection and maintenance requirements. Such standards shall be consistent with provisions of federal law, if any, relating to control of emissions from the vehicles concerned or any regulations adopted by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection which implement the low-emission vehicle and clean fuels regulations adopted by the state of California, as amended. Such standards shall be periodically reviewed by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection and revised, if necessary, to achieve the objectives of the vehicle emission inspection program.

(2) During the performance of an emissions inspection, an independent contractor retained by the state in accordance with the provisions of subsection (e) of this section, or a licensed dealer or repairer authorized to perform inspections in accordance with the provisions of subsection (f) of this section, shall determine whether the motor vehicle being inspected is subject to an open recall by checking information provided by the manufacturer of the motor vehicle or other known and readily available sources, such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. If the motor vehicle is subject to one or more open recalls, the independent contractor, dealer or repairer shall provide the owner of the motor vehicle with written notice of each such open recall at the time of inspection. The notice shall include a description of each open recall and a statement that a motor vehicle dealer approved by the manufacturer of the motor vehicle may repair or modify the motor vehicle at no cost to the owner, except as provided in 49 USC 30120, as amended from time to time. Nothing in this subdivision shall alter the liability under common law of any motor vehicle manufacturer or motor vehicle dealer approved by the manufacturer to repair or modify a motor vehicle subject to an open recall. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 22a-6a , an independent contractor, licensed dealer or repairer and any employee of such independent contractor or licensed dealer or repairer shall not be liable to any person for any act or omission related to the provision of a written notice regarding an open recall required pursuant to this subdivision.

(c) The commissioner shall adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, to implement the provisions of this section. Such regulations shall include provision for a periodic inspection of air pollution control equipment and compliance with or waiver of exhaust emission standards or compliance with or waiver of on-board diagnostic standards or other standards defined by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection and approved by the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, compliance with or waiver of, air pollution control system integrity standards defined by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection and compliance with or waiver of purge system standards defined by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. Such regulations may provide for an inspection procedure using an on-board diagnostic information system for all 1996 model year and newer motor vehicles. Such regulations shall apply to all motor vehicles registered or which will be registered in this state, and to all motor vehicles sold by a dealer licensed in this state as required by subsection (n) of this section, except: (1) Vehicles having a gross weight of more than ten thousand pounds; (2) vehicles powered by electricity; (3) bicycles with motors attached; (4) motorcycles; (5) vehicles operating with a temporary registration; (6) vehicles manufactured twenty-five or more years ago; (7) new vehicles at the time of initial registration; (8) vehicles registered but not designed primarily for highway use; (9) farm vehicles, as defined in subsection (q) of section 14-49 ; (10) diesel-powered type II school buses; (11) a vehicle operated by a licensed dealer or repairer either to or from a location of the purchase or sale of such vehicle or for the purpose of obtaining an official emissions or safety inspection; (12) vehicles that have met the inspection requirements of section 14-103a and are registered by the commissioner as composite vehicles; (13) electric bicycles, as defined in section 14-1 ; or (14) electric foot scooters, as defined in section 14-1 . On and after July 1, 2002, such regulations shall exempt from the periodic inspection requirement any vehicle four or less model years of age, beginning with model year 2003 and the previous three model years, provided that such exemption shall lapse upon a finding by the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or by the Secretary of the United States Department of Transportation that such exemption causes the state to violate applicable federal environmental or transportation planning requirements. Notwithstanding any provisions of this subsection, the commissioner may require an initial emissions inspection and compliance or waiver prior to registration of a new motor vehicle. If the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection finds that it is necessary to inspect motor vehicles which are exempt under subdivision (1) or (4) of this subsection, or motor vehicles that are four or less model years of age in order to achieve compliance with federal law concerning emission reduction requirements, the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to require the inspection of motorcycles, designated motor vehicles having a gross weight of more than ten thousand pounds or motor vehicles four or less model years of age.

(d) (1) No motor vehicle subject to the inspection requirements of this section shall be operated upon the highways of this state unless such vehicle has been presented for inspection in accordance with a schedule for inspection and compliance as established by the commissioner. The commissioner shall grant waivers from compliance with standards for vehicles which fail any required inspection and require an unreasonable cost of repair to bring the vehicle into compliance. The commissioner may determine compliance of a vehicle that has failed an emissions retest by means of a complete physical and functional diagnosis and inspection of the vehicle, in accordance with the provisions of 40 CFR Part 51.360, showing that no additional emissions-related repairs are needed. An extension of time, not to exceed the period of inspection frequency, may be granted to obtain needed repairs on a vehicle in the case of economic hardship of the owner. Only one such extension may be granted for any vehicle.

(2) On and after July 1, 2022, until July 1, 2024, inclusive, the commissioner shall grant an extension of time for a vehicle which fails any required inspection to obtain needed repairs, provided any motor vehicle dealer or repairer licensed under the provisions of section 14-52 , certifies, in writing, that the part needed to fix a problem associated with the vehicle's engine is delayed due to market conditions. Any extension of time granted pursuant to the provisions of this subdivision shall be valid for a period of one hundred eighty days from the date of the certification provided by such dealer or repairer.

(3) The commissioner may design a sticker to be affixed to the windshield of each vehicle which shall bear the date of expiration of the assigned inspection period on both sides. The commissioner may also design a sticker to be affixed to the windshield of each vehicle that is exempt from the requirements of this chapter, which sticker shall bear the date, if any, on which such vehicle is no longer exempt and is required to be presented for inspection. As used in this section, “unreasonable cost of repair” means cost of repair in excess of the amounts required to be expended by Title 40, Part 51.360 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as amended.

(e) In order to provide for emissions inspection facilities, the commissioner may enter into a negotiated inspection agreement or agreements, notwithstanding chapters 50, 58, 59 and 60, with an independent contractor or contractors, to provide for the leasing, construction, equipping, maintenance or operation of a system of official emissions inspection stations in such numbers and locations as may be required to provide vehicle owners reasonably convenient access to inspection facilities. The commissioner may employ such system and the services of such contractor or contractors to conduct safety inspections as provided by section 14-16a , subsection (g) of section 14-12 and section 14-103a . Such contractor or contractors, with the approval of the commissioner, may operate inspection stations at suitable locations owned or operated by other persons, firms or corporations, including retail business establishments with adequate facilities to accommodate and to perform inspections on motor vehicles. The commissioner is prohibited from entering into an inspection agreement with any independent contractor who: (1) Is engaged in the business of maintaining or repairing vehicles in this state, except that the independent contractor shall not be precluded from maintaining or repairing any vehicle owned or operated by the independent contractor; or (2) does not have the capability, resources or technical and management skill to adequately conduct, equip, operate and maintain a sufficient number of official emissions inspection stations. All persons employed by the independent contractor in the performance of an inspection agreement are deemed to be employees of the independent contractor and not of this state. The inspection agreement or agreements authorized by this section shall be subject to other provisions as follows: (A) Minimum requirements for staff, equipment, management and hours and place of operation of official emissions inspection stations including such additional testing facilities as may be established and operated in accordance with subsection (g) of this section; (B) reports and documentation concerning the operation of official emissions inspection stations and additional testing facilities as the commissioner may require; (C) surveillance privileges for the commissioner to ensure compliance with standards, procedures, rules, regulations and laws; and (D) any other provision deemed necessary by the commissioner for the administration of the inspection agreement. Nothing in the inspection agreement shall require the state to purchase any asset or assume any liability if such agreement is not renewed.

(f) (1) The commissioner may authorize and appoint any motor vehicle dealer or repairer that is licensed in accordance with the provisions of subpart (D) of part III of chapter 246 and that has the qualifications established by the commissioner to conduct emissions inspections in a designated area of its licensed premises and to report the results thereof to the Department of Motor Vehicles, provided such licensee signs a statement that such licensee understands the provisions of this section and regulations adopted under authority of this section, understands the necessity to comply with administrative and technical directives and advisories that the commissioner issues and understands that any failure by such licensee to comply with this section, the regulations or the directives or advisories constitutes grounds for the commissioner to suspend or revoke the authority for such licensee to conduct inspections.

(2) Each such licensee shall conduct an emissions inspection of any registered motor vehicle requiring such an inspection at any time during its normal and posted hours of operation or, at the discretion of the commissioner, at a predetermined or appointed time, when such motor vehicle is presented for inspection. No such licensee shall charge any fee for the inspection except the fee authorized by subsection (k) of this section. The results of each emissions inspection performed in accordance with this subsection shall be evidenced by a written vehicle inspection report, containing such information and certification by the inspecting licensee as the commissioner shall prescribe. The licensee shall furnish a copy of such inspection report to the operator of the motor vehicle at the time of completion of the inspection.

(3) No such licensee may be appointed by the commissioner nor may any such licensee conduct any inspection unless the licensee has in its employ one or more certified emissions inspectors and repair technicians. Such inspectors and technicians shall conduct all inspections and related emissions repair work and shall meet the training and certification requirements in 40 CFR Part 51.367 and of the regulations adopted by the commissioner in accordance with this subsection.

(4) The commissioner may suspend or revoke the authority to conduct emissions inspections by any such licensee that is authorized to conduct emissions inspections if the licensee fails to comply with the provisions of this section, regulations adopted under authority of this section, or administrative or technical directives or advisories that the commissioner issues.

(5) The commissioner shall adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, to establish the qualifications for such licensees to be authorized and appointed to conduct emissions inspections, and to establish standards and procedures for such inspections, reporting requirements by such licensees and training and certification requirements for inspectors and repair technicians.

(g) The independent contractor or contractors retained by the state in accordance with the provisions of subsection (e) of this section may conduct emissions inspections at one or more facilities owned or operated by a motor vehicle dealer or dealers, licensed in accordance with section 14-52 . No such inspection facility located on the premises of a licensed dealer shall be operated without the prior approval of the commissioner. The operation of each such facility shall be subject to such procedures and requirements, to be followed by the contractor and the licensee, as may be prescribed by the terms and conditions of the contract entered into in accordance with the provisions of subsection (e) of this section, and in regulations as may be adopted by the commissioner in accordance with chapter 54. The state shall not be a party to, or assume or incur any liability of any kind under, any agreement entered into between the independent contractor and any dealer in furtherance of the provisions of this subsection. The contract or contracts entered into by the state in accordance with the provisions of subsection (e) of this section shall provide for indemnification of the state with respect to the operation of any such inspection facility located at a motor vehicle dealership, in the same manner and to the same extent as the operation of an official emissions inspection station.

(h) In order to provide for management and oversight of emissions inspection facilities established in accordance with subsection (e) of this section and to establish and maintain necessary electronic data capture and reporting systems for such facilities and for licensed dealers and repairers who may be authorized to perform inspections in accordance with the provisions of subsection (f) of this section, the commissioner may enter into a negotiated personal service agreement or agreements, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 55a, with any qualified person, firm or corporation. The responsibilities of any such contractor retained by the commissioner shall include, but need not be limited to, the following: (1) Review and analysis of data from all official emissions inspections performed, and provision to the commissioner of recommendations to improve the quality and integrity of such data, (2) provision of program information and standards to inspection facilities and locations, (3) provision to the commissioner of regular reports, assessments and recommendations to maintain or improve the effectiveness, efficiency, quality and integrity of such inspection operations, and (4) identification of measures to enhance public convenience, and compliance with the inspection requirements. No such contractor retained in accordance with the provisions of this subsection may be licensed as, or have any financial interest in any firm engaged in the business of selling or repairing motor vehicles, or may be a provider of emissions inspection equipment or facilities to the state.

(i) The commissioner may license an owner or operator of a fleet of motor vehicles which are subject to emissions inspection pursuant to subsection (c) of this section or section 14-164i , to establish a fleet emissions inspection station, provided that the fleet owner or operator conforms with regulations for fleet emissions inspection stations adopted by the commissioner which shall specify the classes or other characteristics of vehicles eligible for inspection at such stations.

(j) The commissioner may establish a program for the on-road testing of motor vehicles subject to this chapter. The program shall test not less than one-half of one per cent of the subject fleet state-wide or twenty thousand vehicles, whichever is less, per inspection cycle under conditions of highway operation in order to provide information concerning the emission performance of such in-use vehicles. Testing may be performed by means of remote sensing devices, or roadside pullovers followed by tailpipe emissions testing using a suitable, portable device and recording system. Owners of vehicles that have previously been through scheduled periodic inspection and passed, and are found by on-road testing to be high emitters, in accordance with the standards established under subsection (b) of this section and the regulations adopted under subsection (c) of this section, may be notified that their vehicles are required to pass an out-of-cycle follow-up inspection at an inspection station. Notification may be made by mailing in the case of remote sensing on-road testing or through immediate notification if roadside pullovers are used. The commissioner may use the services of the independent contractor or contractors to implement the on-road testing program. If a method of roadside pullovers is used in the program, such method shall be employed with due regard to traffic safety considerations and performed with the assistance of inspectors of the Department of Motor Vehicles or members of state or municipal police forces.

(k) (1) The commissioner, with approval of the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management, shall establish, and from time to time modify, the inspection fees, not to exceed twenty dollars for each biennial inspection or reinspection required pursuant to this chapter for inspections performed at official emissions inspection stations. Such fees shall be paid in a manner prescribed by the commissioner. If the costs to the state of the emissions inspection program, including administrative costs and payments to any independent contractor, exceed the income from such fees, such excess costs shall be borne by the state. Any person whose vehicle has been inspected at an official emissions inspection station shall, if such vehicle is found not to comply with any required standards, have the vehicle repaired and have the right within sixty consecutive calendar days to return such vehicle to the same official emissions inspection station for one reinspection without charge, provided, where the sixtieth day falls on a Sunday, legal holiday or a day on which the commissioner has established that special circumstances or conditions exist that have caused emissions inspection to be impracticable, such person may return such vehicle for reinspection on the next day. The commissioner shall assess a late fee of twenty dollars against the owner of a motor vehicle that has not presented such motor vehicle for an emissions inspection within thirty days following the expiration date of the assigned inspection period, or that has not presented such motor vehicle for a reinspection within sixty days following a test failure, or both. The commissioner may waive such late fee when it is proven to the commissioner's satisfaction that the failure to have the vehicle inspected within thirty days of the assigned inspection period or during the sixty-day reinspection period was due to exigent circumstances. If ownership of the motor vehicle has been transferred, the new owner shall have such motor vehicle inspected within thirty days of the registration of such motor vehicle. The commissioner may specify a longer period for all new owners to achieve compliance after a transfer of ownership if circumstances require closure or limited operations of the Department of Motor Vehicles or emissions inspection stations. After the expiration of such thirty-day period, or the period specified by the commissioner, the commissioner shall require the payment of the late fee specified in this subdivision. If the thirtieth day falls on a Sunday, legal holiday or a day on which the commissioner has established that special circumstances or conditions exist that have caused emissions inspection to be impracticable, such vehicle may be inspected on the next day and no late fee shall be assessed.

(2) If the commissioner authorizes a licensed dealer or repairer to conduct emissions inspections of 1996 model year and newer vehicles required by this chapter, the commissioner may authorize such licensee to charge a fee, not to exceed twenty dollars for each biennial inspection or reinspection.

(3) Upon the registration of each new motor vehicle subject to the inspection requirements of this chapter, or of each motor vehicle that is four or less model years of age that has not been registered previously in this state, the commissioner may issue a sticker indicating the exempt status of such motor vehicle and the date on which the motor vehicle is scheduled to be presented for inspection. Any such sticker that may be issued shall be displayed on the motor vehicle in accordance with subsection (d) of this section. On and after July 1, 2002, the commissioner shall charge a fee of forty dollars in addition to any other fees required for such registration. All receipts from the payment of such fee shall be deposited in the Special Transportation Fund.

(l) The commissioner may acquire in the name of the state by purchase, lease, gift, devise or otherwise any special equipment, tools, materials or facilities needed to adequately administer, investigate or enforce the provisions of this chapter.

(m) A person shall not in any manner represent any place to be an official emissions inspection station unless such station has been established and is operated in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(n) No motor vehicle dealer licensed under section 14-52 shall sell any motor vehicle unless such motor vehicle (1) is in compliance with subsections (c) and (d) of this section and the regulations adopted by the commissioner, and (2) has passed an emissions inspection conducted in accordance with said subsections and regulations. No person, firm or corporation shall operate or allow to be operated any motor vehicle that has not been inspected and found to be in compliance with the provisions of subsections (c), (d) and (i) of this section and the regulations adopted by the commissioner. Operation in violation of said subsections or the regulations adopted by the commissioner shall be an infraction for each violation, except that the fine for a first violation shall be fifty dollars. The commissioner may deny the issuance of registration to the owner of a motor vehicle, or the renewal of registration to any such owner, or suspend or revoke any registration that has been issued, if such motor vehicle is not in compliance with the inspection requirements of this chapter, or such owner has failed to pay any fee required by the provisions of this chapter.

See Secs. 22a-174, 22a-177 re Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection's regulatory powers with respect to air pollution control.

Subsec. (e):

Subsec. does not constitute an express or implicit waiver of sovereign immunity and does not grant commissioner the power to waive sovereign immunity. 293 C. 382.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-21s — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-21s
Sec. 14-21s. Wildlife conservation commemorative number plates. Fees. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(b) A fee of fifty dollars shall be charged for wildlife conservation commemorative number plates, in addition to the regular fee or fees prescribed for the registration of a motor vehicle. Fifteen dollars of such fee shall be deposited in an account controlled by the Department of Motor Vehicles to be used for the cost of producing, issuing, renewing and replacing such number plates. Such number plates shall have letters and numbers selected by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles. The commissioner may establish a higher fee for: (1) Number plates that contain the numbers and letters from a previously issued number plate; (2) number plates that contain letters in place of numbers as authorized by section 14-49 , in addition to the fee or fees prescribed for registration under said section; and (3) number plates that are low number plates issued in accordance with section 14-160 , in addition to the fee or fees prescribed for registration under said section.

(c) A renewal fee of fifteen dollars shall be charged for renewal of registration of a motor vehicle bearing a wildlife conservation commemorative number plate, in addition to the regular fee or fees prescribed for renewal of registration of a motor vehicle. Five dollars of the renewal fee shall be designated for administrative costs of the Department of Motor Vehicles. No additional renewal fee shall be charged for renewal of registration for any motor vehicle bearing a wildlife conservation commemorative number plate which contain letters in place of numbers, or low number plates, in excess of the renewal fee for wildlife conservation commemorative number plates with letters and numbers selected by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles. No transfer fee shall be charged for transfer of an existing registration to or from a registration with wildlife conservation commemorative number plates.

(d) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles, in consultation with the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to establish standards and procedures for the issuance, renewal and replacement of wildlife conservation commemorative number plates.

(e) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may notify eligible motorists of the opportunity to obtain wildlife conservation program commemorative number plates by including a notice with motor vehicle registration renewals and by posting appropriate posters or signs in all division facilities and offices. The notices, posters and signs shall be designed by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection in consultation with the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-111k — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-111k
Sec. 14-111k. Application for a motor vehicle operator's license from applicants in other member jurisdictions.
Status: in_force

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner may issue an operator's license to an applicant who is the subject of a withdrawal of a commercial driver's license in any other member jurisdiction if the conduct on which such withdrawal is based would not have resulted in the withdrawal of the privilege to operate any motor vehicle other than a commercial motor vehicle.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner may issue a motor vehicle operator's license to (1) an applicant who is the subject of a withdrawal that occurred five years or more before the date of application, or (2) an applicant whose license has been withdrawn for the period of time required by the jurisdiction of record, but whose license has not been returned or restored by such jurisdiction due to the failure or the alleged failure to fulfill reinstatement requirements, pertaining to the filing of proof of financial responsibility or necessitating personal attendance in such jurisdiction including, but not limited to, a requirement to complete an education or treatment program. In exercising the discretion to grant or deny an application for a license as conferred by the provisions of this subsection, the commissioner shall review and consider the entire driver control record of the applicant, and may require additional information and references from the applicant such as will attest to the applicant's present fitness and capability to safely operate a motor vehicle.

(d) If the commissioner issues an identification card to a person who holds an operator's license issued by another jurisdiction, the commissioner shall report to such jurisdiction within thirty days the name of such person and such other information concerning such person and such identification card as is required by the driver license agreement.

(e) Prior to issuing an operator's license to a person who holds an operator's license issued by another jurisdiction, the commissioner shall require such person to watch the video presentation developed pursuant to subsection (g) of section 14-41 and provide such person with other safe driving training materials.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-137a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 246 / Section 14-137a
Sec. 14-137a. Point system for motor vehicle violations.
Status: in_force

Points may be assessed only upon conviction of a violation. 166 C. 449.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-253a — Connecticut Code / Title 14 / Chapter 248 / Section 14-253a
Sec. 14-253a. Special license plates and removable windshield placards for persons who are blind and persons with disabilities. Parking spaces. Penalty. Regulations.
Status: reserved

(1) “Special license plate” means a license plate displaying the symbol of access in a size identical to that of the letters or numerals on the plate and in a color that contrasts with the background color of the plate;

(2) “Removable windshield placard” means a two-sided, hanger-style placard which bears on both of its sides: (A) The symbol of access in a height of three inches or more centered on such placard and colored white on a blue background; (B) a unique identification number; (C) a date of expiration; (D) a statement indicating that the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles issued such placard; and (E) the words “Accessibility Parking Permit”;

(3) “Temporary removable windshield placard” means a placard that is the same as a removable windshield placard except that the symbol of access appears on a red background;

(4) “Person with disabilities” means a person with disabilities which limit or impair the ability to walk, as defined in 23 CFR 1235.2;

(5) “Symbol of access” means the symbol designated by the Commissioner of Administrative Services pursuant to section 29-269b used to indicate access for persons with disabilities; and

(6) “Health care professional” means a licensed physician, licensed physician assistant, advanced practice registered nurse licensed in accordance with the provisions of chapter 378, psychiatrist who is employed by, or under contract with, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, ophthalmologist or optometrist.

(b) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall accept applications and renewal applications for removable windshield placards from (1) any person who is blind, as defined in section 1-1f ; (2) any person with disabilities; (3) any parent or guardian of any person who is blind or any person with disabilities, if such person is under eighteen years of age at the time of application; (4) any parent or guardian of any person who is blind or any person with disabilities, if such person is unable to request or complete an application; and (5) any organization which meets criteria established by the commissioner and which certifies to the commissioner's satisfaction that the vehicle for which a placard is requested is primarily used to transport persons who are blind or persons with disabilities. Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, on and after October 1, 2011, the commissioner shall not accept applications for special license plates, but shall accept renewal applications for such plates that were issued prior to October 1, 2011. No person shall be issued a placard in accordance with this section unless such person is the holder of a valid motor vehicle operator's license, or identification card issued in accordance with the provisions of section 1-1h . The commissioner may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, for the issuance of placards to persons who, by reason of hardship, do not hold or cannot obtain an operator's license or identification card. The commissioner shall maintain a record of each placard issued to any such person. Such applications and renewal applications shall be on a form prescribed by the commissioner. The application and renewal application shall include: (A) Certification by a licensed physician, a licensed physician assistant, an advanced practice registered nurse licensed in accordance with the provisions of chapter 378, or a member of the driver training unit for persons with disabilities established pursuant to section 14-11b , that the applicant meets the definition of a person with a disability which limits or impairs the ability to walk, as defined in 23 CFR 1235.2, as amended from time to time; or (B) certification by a psychiatrist who is employed by, or under contract with, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs that the applicant (i) is a veteran, as defined in subsection (a) of section 27-103 , who has post-traumatic stress disorder certified as service-connected by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, and (ii) meets the definition of a person with a disability which limits or impairs the ability to walk, as defined in 23 CFR 1235.2, as amended from time to time. In the case of persons who are blind, the application or renewal application shall include certification of legal blindness made by the Department of Aging and Disability Services, an ophthalmologist or an optometrist. Any certification issued by a health care professional pursuant to this section shall be based upon such person's professional opinion after having completed a medically reasonable assessment of the applicant's medical history and current medical condition made in the course of a bona fide health care professional-patient relationship. Any person who makes a certification required by this subsection shall sign the application or renewal application under penalty of false statement pursuant to section 53a-157b . The commissioner, in said commissioner's discretion, may accept the discharge papers of a disabled veteran, as defined in section 14-254 , in lieu of such certification. The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may require additional certification at the time of the original application or at any time thereafter. If a person who has been requested to submit additional certification fails to do so within thirty days of the request, or if such additional certification is deemed by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles to be unfavorable to the applicant, the commissioner may refuse to issue or, if already issued, suspend or revoke such special license plate or placard. The commissioner shall not issue more than one placard per applicant, except the commissioner shall issue one placard to each applicant who is a parent or guardian of any person who is blind or any person with disabilities, provided no more than two such placards shall be issued on behalf of such person. The fee for the issuance of a temporary removable windshield placard shall be five dollars. Any person whose application has been denied or whose special license plate or placard has been suspended or revoked shall be afforded an opportunity for a hearing in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54.

(c) Any person who meets the requirements to obtain a removable windshield placard pursuant to subsection (b) of this section and who has a motorcycle registered in such person's name shall be issued, upon approval of the application, number plates in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of section 14-21b , which shall bear letters or numerals or any combination thereof followed by the symbol of access. The registration of any motorcycle for which a special license plate is issued shall expire and be renewed as provided in section 14-22 and be subject to the fee provisions of section 14-49 . No person shall be issued such number plates for the registration of more than two motorcycles. Any person eligible to obtain a special license plate pursuant to this section who transfers the expired registration of a motorcycle owned by such person and replaces such number plate with a special license plate shall be exempt from payment of any fee for such transfer or replacement. A person who obtains a special plate or plates under this subsection may also obtain a removable windshield placard in accordance with subsection (b) of this section.

(d) (1) Any placard issued pursuant to this section shall be displayed by hanging it from the front windshield rearview mirror of the vehicle when utilizing a parking space reserved for persons who are blind and persons with disabilities. If there is no rearview mirror in such vehicle, the placard shall be displayed in clear view on the dashboard of such vehicle.

(2) On and after October 1, 2023, any placard issued pursuant to this section shall not bear the words “parking permit for persons with disabilities”. Any placard issued prior to October 1, 2023, that is otherwise valid, shall remain valid, according to its terms, until the expiration of such placard.

(e) Vehicles displaying a special license plate or a placard issued pursuant to this section or by authorities of other states or countries for the purpose of identifying vehicles permitted to utilize parking spaces reserved for persons who are blind and persons with disabilities, shall be allowed to park in an area where parking is legally permissible, for an unlimited period of time without penalty, notwithstanding the period of time indicated as lawful by any (1) parking meter, or (2) sign erected and maintained in accordance with the provisions of chapter 249, provided the operator of or a passenger in such motor vehicle is a person who is blind or a person with disabilities. A placard shall not be displayed on any motor vehicle when such vehicle is not being operated by or carrying as a passenger a person who is blind or a person with disabilities to whom the placard was issued. Vehicles bearing a special license plate shall not utilize parking spaces reserved for persons who are blind and persons with disabilities or the cross hatch abutting such spaces when such vehicles are not being operated by or carrying as a passenger a person who is blind or a person with disabilities to whom such special license plate was issued.

(f) Only motor vehicles displaying a plate or placard issued pursuant to this section shall be authorized to (1) park in public or private areas reserved for exclusive use by persons who are blind or persons with disabilities, and (2) to use the cross hatch abutting such areas, except that any ambulance, as defined in section 19a-175 , which is transporting a patient may park in such area for a period not to exceed fifteen minutes while assisting such patient. Any motor vehicle parked or using the cross hatch in violation of the provisions of this subsection for the third or subsequent time shall be subject to being towed from such designated area. Such vehicle shall be impounded until payment of any fines incurred is received. No person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of leasing or renting motor vehicles without drivers in this state may be held liable for any acts of the lessee constituting a violation of the provisions of this subsection. Any municipal police officer who observes a motor vehicle parked in violation of this subsection shall issue a written warning or a summons for such violation.

(g) The Office of the State Traffic Administration, on any state highway, or local traffic authority, on any highway or street under its control, shall establish parking spaces in parking areas for twenty or more cars in which parking shall be prohibited to all motor vehicles except vehicles displaying a special license plate or a placard issued pursuant to this section. Parking spaces in which parking shall be prohibited to all motor vehicles except vehicles displaying such special plate or placard shall be established in private parking areas for two hundred or more cars according to the following schedule: