Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-133o — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 445 / Section 22a-133o
Sec. 22a-133o. Environmental use restrictions: Requirements. Environmental land use restriction. Notice of activity and use limitation.
Status: in_force

(b) (1) No owner of land may record an environmental land use restriction on the land records of the municipality in which such land is located unless he simultaneously records documents which demonstrate that each person holding an interest in such land or any part thereof, including without limitation each mortgagee, lessee, lienor and encumbrancer, irrevocably subordinates such interest to the environmental land use restriction, provided the commissioner may waive such requirement if he finds that the interest in such land is so minor as to be unaffected by the environmental land use restriction. The commissioner shall waive the requirement to obtain subordination agreements for any interest in land that, when acted upon, is not capable of creating a condition contrary to any purpose of such environmental land use restriction. An environmental land use restriction shall run with land, shall bind the owner of the land and his successors and assigns, and shall be enforceable notwithstanding lack of privity of estate or contract or benefit to particular land.

(2) Within seven days after executing an environmental land use restriction and receiving thereon the signature of the commissioner or licensed environmental professional, as the case may be, the owner of the land involved therein shall record such restriction and documents required under subdivision (1) of this subsection on the land records of the municipality in which such land is located and shall submit to the commissioner a certificate of title certifying that each interest in such land or any part thereof is irrevocably subordinated to the environmental land use restriction in accordance with subdivision (1) of this subsection.

(3) An owner of land with respect to which an environmental land use restriction applies may be released, wholly or in part, permanently or temporarily, from the limitations of such restriction only with the commissioner's written approval which shall be consistent with the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133q and shall be recorded on the land records of the municipality in which such land is located. The commissioner may waive the requirement to record such release if he finds that the activity which is the subject of such release does not affect the overall purpose for which the environmental land use restriction was implemented, or for a temporary release, the activity is sufficiently limited in scope and duration, and does not alter the size of the area subject to the environmental land use restriction. The commissioner shall not approve any such permanent release unless the owner demonstrates that he has remediated the land, or such portion thereof as would be affected by the release, in accordance with the standards established pursuant to section 22a-133k .

(4) An environmental land use restriction shall survive foreclosure of a mortgage, lien or other encumbrance.

(c) (1) A notice of activity and use limitation may be used and recorded for releases remediated in accordance with the regulations adopted pursuant to sections 22a-133k and 22a-133q for the following purposes:

(A) To achieve compliance with industrial/commercial direct exposure criteria, groundwater volatilization criteria, and soil vapor criteria, as established in regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133k , by preventing residential activity and use of the area to be affected through the notice of activity and use limitation, provided such property is zoned for industrial or commercial use, is not used for any residential use, and no holder of an interest in such property, other than such owner, has a right of residential use, as defined in regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133k ;

(B) To prevent disturbance of polluted soil that exceeds the applicable direct exposure criteria but that is inaccessible soil, in compliance with the provisions of the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133k , provided pollutant concentrations in such inaccessible soil do not exceed ten times the applicable direct exposure criteria;

(C) To prevent disturbance of an engineered control to the extent such engineered control is for the sole remedial purpose of eliminating exposure to polluted soil that exceeds the direct exposure criteria, provided pollutant concentrations in such soil do not exceed ten times the applicable direct exposure criteria;

(D) To prevent demolition of a building or permanent structure that renders polluted soil environmentally isolated, provided: (i) The pollutant concentrations in the environmentally isolated soil do not exceed ten times the applicable direct exposure criteria and the applicable pollutant mobility criteria, or (ii) the total volume of soil that is environmentally isolated that exceeds ten times the applicable direct exposure criteria and the applicable pollutant mobility criteria is less than or equal to ten cubic yards; or

(E) Any other purpose the commissioner may prescribe by regulations adopted in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54.

(2) No owner shall record a notice of activity and use limitation on the land records of the municipality in which such land is located unless such owner, not later than sixty days prior to such recordation, provides written notice to each person who holds an interest in such land or any part thereof, including each mortgagee, lessee, lienor and encumbrancer. Such written notice of the proposed notice of activity and use limitation shall be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, and shall include notice of the existence and location of pollution within such area and the terms of such proposed activity and use limitation. Any such person who holds an interest may waive such sixty-day-notice period in relation to such interest provided such waiver is in writing.

(3) A notice of activity and use limitation recorded pursuant to this subsection shall be implemented and adhered to by the owner and subsequent holders of interests in the property, such owner's successors and assigns, any person who has a license to use such property or to conduct remediation on any portion of such property and, as described in subdivision (6) of this section, any prior holder of an interest in the property who signs such notice of activity and use limitation.

(4) Any notice of activity and use limitation shall be effective when recorded on the land records of the municipality in which such property is located.

(5) (A) Any notice of activity and use limitation document, as described in this subsection, shall be prepared on a form prescribed by the commissioner.

(B) A notice of activity and use limitation decision document, signed by the commissioner or signed and sealed by a licensed environmental professional, shall be referenced in and recorded with any such notice of activity and use limitation, and shall specify:

(i) Why the notice of activity and use limitation is appropriate for achieving and maintaining compliance with the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133k ;

(ii) Any activities and uses that are inconsistent with maintaining compliance with such regulations;

(iii) Any activities and uses to be permitted;

(iv) Any obligations and conditions necessary to meet the objectives of the notice of activity and use limitation; and

(v) The nature and extent of pollution in the area that is the basis for the notice of activity and use limitation, including a listing of contaminants and concentrations for such contaminants, and the horizontal and vertical extent of such contaminants.

(6) A notice of activity and use limitation shall not be used in any area where a prior holder of interest in the property has an interest that allows for the conduct of an activity that interferes with the conditions or purposes described in subparagraphs (A) to (E), inclusive, of subdivision (1) of this subsection, except a notice of activity and use limitation may be used in an area where one or more prior holders of an interest in the property have an interest that allows for the conduct of an activity that interferes with the conditions or purposes of such notice if such prior holder of an interest in the property agrees, by signing such notice, to subject such interest to the conditions or purposes described in such notice.

(7) Upon transfer of any interest in or a right to use property, or a portion of property that is subject to a notice of activity and use limitation, the owner of such land, any lessee of such land and any person who has the right to subdivide or sublease such property, shall incorporate such notice in full or by reference into all future deeds, easements, mortgages, leases, licenses, occupancy agreements and any other instrument of transfer provided the failure to incorporate such notice shall not affect the enforceability of any such notice of activity and use limitation.

(8) If a notice of activity and use limitation is extinguished by foreclosure of a mortgage, lien or other encumbrance, the owner of the subject land shall promptly, but not later than one year from the date of such foreclosure, or other schedule if approved in writing by the commissioner, remediate the pollution that was the subject of the notice of activity and use limitation consistent with standards adopted under section 22a-133k . In the event a notice of activity and use limitation is extinguished by such foreclosure, if notice to the commissioner is not otherwise provided as part of the foreclosure proceedings the owner shall, not later than thirty days from the date of such foreclosure, provide written notice to the commissioner by certified mail, return receipt requested, of such foreclosure, the name of the owner, the address of the land, and the identification of the notice of activity and use limitation.

(9) Any owner of a parcel of property that is subject to a notice of activity and use limitation may remediate the pollution on such parcel in accordance with the regulations adopted pursuant to sections 22a-133k and 22a-133q . Such owner, upon completion of such remediation, may terminate the notice of activity and use limitation in accordance with regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133q .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-21g — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 439 / Section 22a-21g
Sec. 22a-21g. Project eligibility; exceptions.
Status: in_force

(1) No grant shall be awarded to any organization for a project that is solely an extension, expansion or continuation of the routine work normally done by such organization;

(2) No grant shall be awarded for any project that would result in the layoff of any employed person or in delaying or preventing the rehiring of any person that has been laid off;

(3) No grant shall be awarded for any project that would delay or preclude the hiring of regular, full-time or regular part-time employees normally hired, or who could reasonably be expected to be hired, to do the required routine work of any organization or business affected by the project;

(4) No grant shall be awarded solely for the purpose of supplementing the regular work force of any organization or business to compensate for peak seasonal workloads; and

(5) No grant shall be awarded for any project that would supplant work normally done by organized labor through direct employment in an organization affected by the project or through employment in a business that would normally be contracted to do the work or provide the service offered by the project.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-357 — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 435 / Section 22-357
Sec. 22-357. Damage by dogs to person or property.
Status: in_force

(1) “Law enforcement officer” means: Each officer, employee or other person otherwise paid by or acting as an agent of (A) the Division of State Police within the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection; (B) the Office of the State Capitol Police; (C) a municipal police department; and (D) the Department of Correction;

(2) “Property” includes, but is not limited to, a companion animal, as defined in section 22-351a ;

(3) “The amount of such damage”, with respect to a companion animal, includes expenses of veterinary care, the fair monetary value of the companion animal, including all training expenses for a service animal owned by a person with a disability and burial expenses for the companion animal;

(4) “Service animal” has the same meaning as provided in section 22-345 ; and

(5) “Disability” has the same meaning as provided in section 22-345 .

(b) If any dog does any damage to either the body or property of any person, the owner, keeper, or both, shall be liable for the amount of such damage, except when such damage has been occasioned to the body or property of a person who, at the time such damage was sustained, was committing a trespass or other tort, or was teasing, tormenting or abusing such dog. If the owner or keeper is a minor, the parent or guardian of such minor, shall be liable for the amount of such damage. If a minor, on whose behalf an action under this section is brought, was under seven years of age at the time such damage was done, it shall be presumed that such minor was not committing a trespass or other tort, or teasing, tormenting or abusing such dog, and the burden of proof thereof shall be upon the defendant in such action. In an action under this section against a household member of a law enforcement officer to whom has been assigned a dog owned by a law enforcement agency of the state, any political subdivision of the state or the federal government for damage done by such dog, it shall be presumed that such household member is not a keeper of such dog and the burden of proof shall be upon the plaintiff to establish that such household member was a keeper of such dog and had exclusive control of such dog at the time such damage was sustained.

Administrator as “owner”. 74 C 85. Necessity of counting on statute. 77 C. 570. That person injured provoked dog as a defense under former statute. 81 C. 321. Action is one in tort. 86 C. 710. Cited. 91 C. 492; 102 C. 480. Statute held constitutional; elements of damage. 105 C. 89. Scope of exception. 106 C. 202. Negligence in operation of automobile not a “tort” within exception; owner of dog held liable where dog jumped in front of automobile causing it to swerve into ditch and overturn. 107 C. 626. Complaint should negative the existence of circumstances which would bring plaintiff within exception. 117 C. 107. Defendant who pleaded an affirmation of exception assumed burden of proof thereof. Id., 103. “Trespass or tort” construed; conduct not within exceptions, although it might be held contributorily negligent, is not a defense under statute. Id., 310. Cited. 119 C. 648. Wife, co-owner, liable with husband who thrust dog toward plaintiff's face. 129 C. 210. “Trespass or tort” means more than mere entry; statute bars recovery where plaintiff is committing or intends to commit an injurious act. 133 C. 509; 140 C. 358. Plaintiff may recover where menacing attitude of dog frightened him and caused him to fall. 138 C. 718. Friendly playing with a dog is not “teasing, tormenting or abusing”. 142 C. 516. Plaintiff must bring himself clearly within provisions because it creates a cause of action that did not exist at common law. Id., 719. Phrase “trespass or other tort” interpreted; that plaintiff was on a public highway did not eliminate the possibility that she was committing a trespass within the meaning of statute. 148 C. 125. Plaintiff restrained dog with a leash from attacking another dog and from leaving the premises of its master, all in accordance with the wishes of its master; held that this did not come within exceptions from liability under statute; history of statute reviewed. Id., 557. Cited. 221 C. 14; 231 C. 920. Doctrine of parental immunity bars action by unemancipated minor against parent alleging strict liability pursuant to statute; doctrine of parental immunity discussed. 234 C. 259. Cited. 235 C. 360; 241 C. 319. Defendant, a church, who imposed some restrictions on where dog could be at certain times of the day but who otherwise bore no responsibility for the care, maintenance or control of the dog not considered a “keeper” of the dog and subject to strict liability under statute. 286 C. 152.

Cited. 7 CA 19; 9 CA 495. Action under section barred by parental immunity doctrine. 34 CA 866. Cited. 42 CA 239. Absent specific language in Sec. 52-557n modifying common law rule of governmental immunity for claims of strict liability, section should not be so construed. 58 CA 702. Because defendant did not exercise dominion and control over the dog in any manner other than by placing a limit on when and where the dog could be let outside, defendant was not a “keeper” of the dog as provided in section. 94 CA 617. In action where plaintiff claimed damages as a result of potential exposure to rabies, strict liability under section does not extend to damage caused by a dog's merely passive, and, thus, innocent or involuntary, behavior. 135 CA 76. Under 2013 revision, exuberant unleashed dog was proximate cause of plaintiff falling and injuring herself, and defendant's claim that dog's actions were innocent are without merit. 187 CA 528. Subsec. (b): Plaintiff, who agreed to take defendant's dog with them in a car with no other passengers, is considered a “keeper” and therefore cannot recover under the statute. 217 CA 754.

Owner and keeper of dog liable in the alternative and not jointly. 5 CS 150. Trespass does not include technical or casual trespass. Id., 426; 18 CS 156. Controlled by 3-year tort statute of limitations. 14 CS 428. Assumption of risk has no place in an action brought under section; plaintiff must prove either that her own conduct was not such as would naturally incite the dog to retaliation or that it was, under the circumstances, justified. 22 CS 332. Cited. 25 CS 341. When a cause of action arises in a child for personal injuries under section, an independent cause of action arises in his parent for consequential damages as a result of the injury, but parent's right may be barred by conduct of his own which in whole or in part caused the damage. 26 CS 274. Applicable statute of limitation is Sec. 52-577. Id., 294. Statute of limitation under the dog bite law is 3 years. 29 CS 71. Owners of premises where dog was kept considered “keepers” and held to be liable. 36 CS 156.

Where plaintiff alleged, in her complaint, negligence and scienter on the part of the dog's owners, held that, notwithstanding plaintiff's claim of defendants' statutory liability, the action was one in negligence at common law and not under statute. 2 Conn. Cir. Ct. 539. History discussed. Id., 541. Petting of dog does not constitute teasing, tormenting or abusing dog. Id., 694.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-472 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446k / Section 22a-472
Sec. 22a-472. Hydraulic fracturing waste, oil waste and natural gas waste. Definitions. Prohibitions. Permits. Information requests by Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. Regulations. Oil and gas exploration. Preemption.
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section:

(1) “Dispose” means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of any waste into or on any land or water so that such waste, or any constituent of such waste, may enter the environment, be emitted into the air or discharged into any waters of the state;

(2) “Fluid” means any material or substance that flows or moves whether in semisolid, liquid, sludge, gas or any other form or state;

(3) “Gas” means all natural gas, whether hydrocarbon or nonhydrocarbon, including, but not limited to, hydrogen sulfide, helium, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and casinghead gas;

(4) “Hydraulic fracturing” means the process of pumping a fluid into or under the surface of the ground in order to create fractures in rock for exploration, development, production or recovery of gas, oil and other subsurface hydrocarbons. “Hydraulic fracturing” does not include the drilling or repair of a geothermal water well or any other well drilled or repaired for drinking water purposes;

(5) “Person” means any individual, firm, partnership, association, syndicate, company, trust, corporation, limited liability company, municipality, agency or political or administrative subdivision of the state;

(6) “Radioactive materials” means any material, solid, liquid or gas, including, but not limited to, waste that emits ionizing radiation spontaneously;

(7) “Store” means holding waste for a temporary period, at the end of which the waste is treated, disposed of or stored elsewhere;

(8) “Transfer” means to move from one vehicle to another or to move from one mode of transportation to another;

(9) “Treat” means any method, technique or process designed to change the physical, chemical or biological character or composition of any waste, including, but not limited to, the reclaiming or rendering of waste from hydraulic fracturing as suitable for use or reuse;

(10) “Waste from hydraulic fracturing” means any wastewater, wastewater solids, brine, sludge, drill cuttings or any other substance used for, associated with, or generated secondarily to the purpose of hydraulic fracturing;

(11) “Natural gas extraction activities” means all geologic or geophysical activities related to the exploration for or extraction of natural gas, including, but not limited to, core and rotary drilling and hydraulic fracturing;

(12) “Oil extraction activities” means all geologic or geophysical activities related to the exploration for or extraction of oil, including, but not limited to, core and rotary drilling and hydraulic fracturing;

(13) “Natural gas waste” means: (A) Any liquid or solid waste or its constituents that is generated secondarily as a result of natural gas extraction activities that may consist of water, brine, chemicals, naturally occurring radioactive materials, heavy metals or other contaminants, (B) leachate from solid wastes associated with natural gas extraction activities, (C) any waste that is generated as a result of or in association with the underground storage of natural gas, (D) any waste that is generated as a result of or in association with liquefied petroleum gas well storage operations, and (E) any products or byproducts resulting from the treatment, processing or modification of any of the wastes described in this subdivision;

(14) “Oil waste” means: (A) Any liquid or solid waste or its constituents that is generated secondarily as a result of oil extraction activities that may consist of water, brine, chemicals, naturally occurring radioactive materials, heavy metals or other contaminants, (B) leachate from solid wastes associated with oil extraction activities, and (C) any products or byproducts resulting from the treatment, processing or modification of any of the wastes described in this subdivision; and

(15) “Apply” means the physical act of placing or spreading natural gas waste or oil waste on any road or real property in the state.

(b) No person may accept, receive, collect, store, treat, transfer, sell, acquire, handle, apply, process or dispose of natural gas waste or oil waste or waste from hydraulic fracturing, including, but not limited to, the discharge of wastewaters into or from a pollution abatement facility or the introduction of natural gas waste or oil waste into any solid waste management facility within or operated by the state.

(c) No person shall collect or transport waste from hydraulic fracturing for receipt, acceptance or transfer in this state.

(d) No person may sell, offer for sale, offer, barter, manufacture, distribute or use any product for anti-icing, de-icing, pre-wetting or dust suppression that is derived from or that contains natural gas waste, oil waste or waste from hydraulic fracturing.

(e) In implementing the provisions of this section, the commissioner shall request of any person information, including, but not limited to, whether and to what extent an anti-icing, de-icing, pre-wetting or dust suppression product is or may be derived from or contain natural gas waste, oil waste or wastes from hydraulic fracturing, where the materials used to manufacture any such product were obtained, and the chemical composition of such product or waste from hydraulic fracturing. If any person fails to provide the information requested by the commissioner pursuant to this subsection, such failure shall provide a basis for the commissioner to prohibit the sale, offering for sale, bartering, manufacturing, distribution or use of such anti-icing, de-icing, pre-wetting or dust suppression product.

(f) Any information acquired by the commissioner under this section shall be subject to disclosure in accordance with the provisions of chapter 14.

(g) The commissioner may approve, in writing, not more than three requests to allow a person, who the commissioner determines to be professionally qualified, to treat natural gas waste, oil waste or waste from hydraulic fracturing, provided such treatment is solely for the purpose of conducting research to determine whether such waste can be treated to make such waste suitable for use or reuse. The commissioner shall prescribe the form to be used for submitting any such request, including any information that the commissioner deems necessary for evaluating any such request. In approving any such request, the commissioner shall prescribe any conditions or requirements the commissioner deems necessary to prevent pollution to the air, land or waters of the state or to protect human health or the environment and shall include requirements regarding the disposal of any waste from any such research. No person whose request is approved pursuant to this section shall: (1) Apply for or obtain more than three such approvals pursuant to this subsection, and (2) treat more than three hundred thirty gallons of natural gas waste or oil waste or waste from hydraulic fracturing in accordance with this subsection, regardless of the number of approvals issued to such person. The commissioner may authorize a single treatment in excess of such gallon limitation by one person provided such authorization allows for the treatment of not more than five hundred gallons of natural gas waste or oil waste or waste from hydraulic fracturing. For the purposes of this subsection, all natural gas waste or oil waste or wastes from hydraulic fracturing shall be considered to be hazardous waste, as defined in section 22a-448 , regardless of the state's incorporation by reference of 40 CFR 261.4(b)(5). Prior to approving any such research request, the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, including approval of such regulations by the standing legislative regulation review committee, to: (A) Eliminate the exemption in the state's hazardous waste management regulations, adopted pursuant to subsection (c) of section 22a-449 for the wastes identified in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(5) and to provide that such wastes shall be subject to the state's hazardous waste management regulations, as applicable, as set forth in sections 22a-449 (c)-100 to 22a-449 (c)-119, inclusive, and section 22a-449 (c)-11 of the regulations of Connecticut state agencies, (B) ensure that any radioactive materials that may be present in natural gas waste, oil waste or wastes from hydraulic fracturing do not create or will not reasonably be expected to create a source of pollution to the air, land or waters of the state and do not otherwise pose a threat to the human health or the environment of this state, (C) require disclosure of the composition of natural gas waste, oil waste or the waste from hydraulic fracturing, and (D) provide for the maintenance of records concerning the origins and all intermediate and final delivery points of natural gas waste, oil waste or such wastes from hydraulic fracturing.

(h) Any person exploring for oil or gas shall register with the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection on a form prescribed by him. The commissioner shall adopt regulations in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54 setting forth (1) standards for oil and gas exploration and production wells, including, but not limited to, standards for the abandonment of exploration and production activities, and (2) the amount of a fee to be paid by registrants which shall be sufficient to pay the cost of administering the registration program.

(i) The provisions of this section shall be construed to preempt any municipal ordinance or act concerning the acceptance, receipt, collection, storage, treatment, transfer, sale, acquisition, handling, application, processing or disposal of natural gas waste or oil waste or waste from hydraulic fracturing, including, but not limited to, the discharge of wastewaters into or from a pollution abatement facility.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-629 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446n / Section 22a-629
Sec. 22a-629. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Department” means the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(2) “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(3) “Cathode ray tube” or “CRT” means a vacuum tube or picture tube used to convert an electronic signal into a visual image;

(4) “Computer” means an electronic, magnetic, optical, electrochemical, or other high-speed data processing device performing a logical, arithmetic or storage function, and may include, but not be limited to, both a computer central processing unit and a monitor, but does not include an automated typewriter or typesetter, a portable handheld calculator, a portable digital assistant or other similar device;

(5) “Covered electronic device” or “CED” means desktop or personal computers, computer monitors, portable computers, CRT-based televisions and non-CRT-based televisions or any other similar or peripheral electronic device specified in regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-638 , sold to consumers, but does not include: (A) An electronic device that is a part of a motor vehicle or any component part of a motor vehicle assembled by, or for, a vehicle manufacturer or franchise dealer, including replacement parts for use in a motor vehicle; (B) an electronic device that is functionally or physically a part of a larger piece of equipment designed and intended for use in an industrial, commercial or medical setting, including diagnostic, monitoring or control equipment; (C) an electronic device that is contained within a clothes washer, clothes dryer, refrigerator, refrigerator and freezer, microwave oven, conventional oven or range, dishwasher, room air conditioner, dehumidifier or air purifier; (D) telephones of any type unless they contain a video display area greater than four inches measured diagonally; or (E) any handheld device used to access commercial mobile radio service, as such service is defined in 47 CFR 20.3;

(6) “Covered electronic recycler” means a recycler that is approved to recycle covered electronic devices by the department;

(7) “Manufacturer” means any person who: (A) Manufactures or manufactured covered electronic devices under a brand that it licenses, owns or owned, for sale in this state; (B) manufactures or manufactured covered electronic devices without affixing a brand, for sale in this state; (C) resells or has resold in this state under its own brand or label a covered electronic device produced by other suppliers, including retail establishments that sell covered electronic devices under their own brand names; (D) imports or imported into the United States or exports from the United States covered electronic devices for sale in this state; (E) sells at retail a covered electronic device acquired from an importer that is the manufacturer as described in subparagraph (D) of this subdivision, and elects to register in lieu of the importer as the manufacturer for those products; or (F) manufactures or manufactured covered electronic devices, supplies them to any person or persons within a distribution network that includes wholesalers or retailers in this state, and benefits from the sale in this state of those covered electronic devices through such distribution network;

(8) “Manufacturer's brands” means a manufacturer's name, brand name or brand label, and all manufacturer's names, brand names and brand labels for which the manufacturer has legal responsibility, including those names, brand names and brand labels of companies that have been acquired by the manufacturer;

(9) “Monitor” means a separate video display component of a computer that does not contain a tuner, whether sold separately or together with a computer central processing unit or computer box, and includes a cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, gas plasma, digital light processing or other image projection technology greater than four inches when measured diagonally, and its case, interior wires and circuitry;

(10) “Person” means an individual, trust firm, joint stock company, business concern and corporation, including, but not limited to, a government department, partnership, limited liability company or association;

(11) “Portable computer” means a computer and video display greater than four inches in size that can be carried as one unit by an individual, including, but not limited to, a laptop computer;

(12) “Purchase” means the taking, by sale, of title in exchange for consideration;

(13) “Recycling” means any process by which covered electronic devices that would otherwise become solid waste or hazardous waste are collected, separated and processed to be returned to use in the form of raw materials or products, in accordance with environmental standards established by the department;

(14) “Registrant” means a manufacturer or group of manufacturers of covered electronic devices that is, or who are, in compliance with the requirements of sections 22a-629 to 22a-640 , inclusive;

(15) “Retail sales” includes sales of products through sales outlets, via the Internet, mail order or other means, whether or not the seller has a physical presence in this state;

(16) “Retailer” means a person who owns or operates a business that sells new covered electronic devices in this state by any means to a consumer;

(17) “Sell” or “sale” means any transfer of title for consideration, including, but not limited to, transactions conducted through sales outlets, catalogs or the Internet, or any other similar electronic means, and excluding leases;

(18) “Television” means a stand-alone display system containing a CRT or any other type of display primarily intended to receive video programming via broadcast, having a viewable area greater than four inches when measured diagonally, able to adhere to standard consumer video formats such as PAL, SECAM, NTSC, ATSC and HDTV and having the capability of selecting different broadcast channels and supporting sound capability;

(19) “Video display” means an output surface having a viewable area greater than four inches when measured diagonally that displays moving graphical images or a visual representation of image sequences or pictures, showing a number of quickly changing images on a screen in fast succession to create the illusion of motion, including, but not limited to, a device that is an integral part of the display that cannot be easily removed from the display by the consumer and that produces the moving image on the screen and includes technology using a cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, gas plasma, digital light processing or other image projection technology;

(20) “Orphan device” means a covered electronic device, excluding CRT-based televisions and non-CRT-based televisions, for which no manufacturer, as defined in this section, can be identified or for which the manufacturer is no longer in business and has no successor in interest; and

(21) “Market share” means a manufacturer's national sales of a particular product category of CEDs expressed as a percentage of the total of all manufacturers' national sales for such product category of CEDs.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-246d — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446d / Section 22a-246d
Sec. 22a-246d. Plastic beverage container post-consumer recycled content. Definitions. Requirements. Compliance. Registration. Report. Waiver. Multistate clearinghouse.
Status: in_force

(1) “Department” means the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(2) “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(3) “Beverage” means any carbonated beverage or noncarbonated beverage;

(4) “Carbonated beverage” has the same meaning as provided in section 22a-243 ;

(5) “Noncarbonated beverage” has the same meaning as provided in section 22a-243 ;

(6) “Plastic” means a manufactured or synthetic material made from linking monomers through a chemical reaction to create a polymer chain that can be molded or extruded at high heat into various solid forms;

(7) “Plastic beverage container” means any beverage container, as defined in section 22a-243 , that is made of plastic. “Plastic beverage container” does not include any label, cap, closure or other item affixed to the container. “Plastic beverage container” does not include any refillable beverage container, including any container that is sufficiently durable for multiple rotations of such container's original or similar purpose and that is intended to function in a system of reuse;

(8) “Post-consumer recyclable material” means a material or product generated by households or by commercial, industrial or institutional facilities in the role of an end-user of the material or product that can no longer be used for its intended purpose or that was returned from the distribution chain and has been separated from the solid waste stream for the purpose of collection and recycling;

(9) “Post-consumer recycled content” means the amount of post-consumer recyclable material used in the manufacture or production of a new product. “Post-consumer recycled content” does not include preconsumer or post-industrial secondary waste material, including, but not limited to, materials and by-products generated from and commonly used within an original manufacturing and fabrication process;

(10) “Producer” means any person responsible for compliance with minimum post-consumer recycled content requirements for a plastic beverage container, including: (A) Any owner or licensee of a brand or trademark for a plastic beverage container that is sold under such owner's or licensee's owned or licensed brand or trademark, regardless of whether such trademark is registered in this state; (B) the manufacturer of a plastic beverage container that lacks identification of a brand at the point of sale or the person who manufactures such plastic beverage container; and (C) if there is no other person described in this subsection over whom the state can constitutionally exercise jurisdiction, the person who imports or distributes the plastic beverage container in or into the state;

(11) “Manufacturer” means any person that produces or generates a plastic beverage container. “Manufacturer” does not include: (A) Any government agency, municipality or other political subdivision of the state, (B) any organization registered under Section 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code, or (C) any producer that annually sells, offers for sale, distributes or imports into the country for sale in this state (i) less than one ton of plastic beverage containers each year, or (ii) plastic beverage containers that, in aggregate, generate less than one million dollars each year in sales in the state; and

(12) “Person” has the same meaning as provided in section 22a-2 .

(b) On and after January 1, 2027, plastic beverage containers sold, offered for sale or distributed in this state by each producer shall contain, on average and in the aggregate, not less than twenty-five per cent post-consumer recycled content.

(c) On and after January 1, 2032, plastic beverage containers sold, offered for sale or distributed in this state by each producer shall contain, on average and in the aggregate, not less than thirty per cent post-consumer recycled content.

(d) On or before December 31, 2032, the commissioner, in accordance with section 11-4a , shall submit to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to the environment a report reviewing the minimum post-consumer recycled content requirements of this section. Such report shall include, but need not be limited to: (1) An evaluation of the requirements of this section; (2) any recommendations on future minimum post-consumer recycled content standards for plastic beverage containers; (3) any recommendations for the expansion of post-consumer recycled content requirements to other packaging or product categories and the attendant percentage requirements recommended for each packaging or product category; and (4) an evaluation of any third-party certification methods existing for plastic beverage containers and whether such certification methods should be applied to future minimum post-consumer recycled content requirements.

(e) For the purposes of determining a producer's compliance with the minimum post-consumer recycled content requirements of this section, a producer may rely on state-specific data regarding plastic beverage container sales and material use, if available, or may alternatively rely on the same type of data applicable to a region or territory in the United States that includes this state. If a producer elects to rely on data regarding plastic beverage container sales and material use derived from data applicable to a region or territory in the United States that includes this state, the producer shall prorate that regional or territorial data to determine state-specific figures based on market share or population in a manner that ensures that the percentage of post-consumer recycled plastic calculated for plastic beverage containers sold in this state is the same percentage as calculated for that larger region or territory; and document in its report the methodology used to determine those state-specific figures.

(f) (1) On or before April 1, 2026, each producer that offered for sale, sold, or distributed plastic beverage containers in or into the state in the previous calendar year shall register with the commissioner, individually, or through a third‐party representative that registers with the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection on behalf of a group of producers, in a form and manner prescribed by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. At the time of registration, each producer shall submit an initial registration fee of five hundred dollars in a manner prescribed by said commissioner. Any entity that becomes a producer for the first time on or after April 1, 2026, shall submit the registration and submit the initial registration fee required by this subparagraph not more than one hundred eighty days after such entity becomes a producer and shall register on the schedule specified in subdivision (2) of this subsection. Any producer that sold, offered for sale or distributed less than ten thousand plastic beverage containers or, in the aggregate, less than two hundred pounds of plastic that is not post-consumer recycled plastic shall not be required to pay the initial registration fee required by this subdivision.

(2) On or before April 1, 2031, and every five years thereafter, each producer that offered for sale, sold, or distributed plastic beverage containers in or into this state in the previous calendar year shall register with the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. In addition, each producer or representative submitting such a registration shall remit a registration fee in an amount to be determined by said commissioner. Such fee shall be scaled to reflect the market share of any such producer or representative during the preceding five calendar years, as determined using information provided in reports filed pursuant to subdivision (3) of this subsection, and shall be adequate to cover the department's cost to implement, administer, monitor and enforce the provisions of this section and shall be used exclusively for such purposes. The commissioner may modify the amount of such registration fee, including by setting a maximum amount for such fee, as necessary, to reflect updated implementation costs. Any producer that sold, offered for sale or distributed less than ten thousand plastic beverage containers or, in the aggregate, less than two hundred pounds of plastic that is not post-consumer recycled plastic, shall not be required to pay the registration fee required by this subdivision.

(3) Each producer shall submit a report to the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, on or before April 1, 2026, and annually thereafter, identifying the brand names of the plastic beverage containers represented in the report as well as the weight, in pounds, of post-consumer recycled plastic, the weight, in pounds, of plastic that is not post-consumer recycled plastic and the percentage of post-consumer recycled plastic in the total weight of all plastic beverage containers the producer sold, offered for sale or distributed for sale in this state in such prior calendar year. The form and manner of the report shall be prescribed by the commissioner and each report shall be certified and such certification signed by an authorized official of the producer.

(g) Not more than once per calendar year, a producer may seek from the commissioner a waiver from the requirements of this section by filing a written request on a form prescribed by the commissioner. In seeking any such waiver, the producer shall set forth the specific basis upon which the waiver is claimed, indicate any applicable timeframe for such waiver request, submit such proof as the commissioner determines to be necessary and provide any other information specified by the commissioner. The commissioner shall consider written waiver requests submitted between the first day of September and the first day of October of each calendar year, and any approved waiver shall take effect the first day of January of the following calendar year. The commissioner may approve a waiver. In making such a determination, the commissioner may consider factors including, but not limited to, the availability of feedstock.

(h) The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection may participate in the establishment and implementation of a multistate clearinghouse to assist in carrying out the requirements of this section. Any such clearinghouse shall assist in coordinating reviews of producer registrations, waiver requests and certifications, recommend acceptable third‐party certifications and implement state reporting activities and any other related functions pursuant to this section. Notwithstanding the requirements of subsection (f) of this section, if the commissioner determines to participate in such a clearinghouse, such participation may provide producers the ability to register on a centralized portal offered by such clearinghouse in lieu of a state‐specific portal provided such registration requirement shall not otherwise be affected by the use of any such centralized portal.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-82a — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 426 / Section 22-82a
Sec. 22-82a. Inventions and discoveries by employees.
Status: in_force

(b) The station shall be entitled to own the entire right, title and interest in any invention or discovery of an employee of the station that (1) is conceived in the course of the performance of customary or assigned duties of the employee, (2) emerges from any research, development or other program of the station, or (3) is conceived or developed wholly or partly at the expense of the station or with the aid of the equipment, facilities or personnel of the station.

(c) In each such instance, the employee shall be deemed to be obligated, by reason of his or her employment by the station, to (1) disclose his or her invention or discovery fully and promptly to the director, (2) assign to the station the entire right, title and interest in each invention or discovery, and execute instruments of assignment to that effect, and (3) execute such proper patent or license application or other instrument of assignment concerning such invention or discovery as may be requested by the director, and give all reasonable aid in the prosecution of such application or assignment and the procurement of such patent, license or assignment.

(d) Except where the invention or discovery is subject to federal grant restrictions, the entire beneficial ownership of any such invention or discovery, including all monetary proceeds, property and rights of every character, tangible and intangible, shall be deposited with the station and vest in the station for use in scientific inquiries and experiments and the board shall exercise complete control thereof.

(e) Each employee who conceives or makes any invention or discovery and fulfills his or her obligations to the satisfaction of the station as provided in subsections (b) to (d), inclusive, of this section shall be entitled to share in any net proceeds that may be derived from the assignment, grant, license or other disposal of such invention or discovery. The amount of such net proceeds shall be computed by, or with the approval of, the board, with reasonable promptness after collection thereof, and after deducting from gross proceeds any and all costs and expenses as may be reasonably allocated to the particular invention or discovery including, but not limited to, costs or expenses associated with seeking and obtaining any patent, trademark or licensing agreement, maintenance or litigation costs, and the costs of evaluating the commercial potential of the invention or discovery. A minimum of twenty per cent of the amount of such net proceeds shall be paid to an employee who solely conceived or made the invention or discovery, and shall be paid in shares to two or more employees who jointly conceived or made the invention or discovery in such respective proportions as the board may determine. The board in its discretion may increase the amount by which any employee or employees may participate in such net proceeds.

(f) Disagreements as to the allocation of any invention or discovery, as to the obligations of any employee, or due performance thereof, or as to the participation of any employee of the station in any net proceeds, shall be disposed of as follows: (1) By voluntary arbitration of all relevant issues, if the disagreeing parties approve and agree to be bound by the decision upon such arbitration; (2) by compulsory arbitration if that is provided for in any applicable contract between the disagreeing parties; or (3) by recourse to a court of competent jurisdiction in this state if arbitration cannot be resorted to under either subdivision (1) or (2) of this subsection.

(g) The board may establish and regulate, equitably in the public interest, such measures as the board deems necessary for the purposes of such arbitration, and to make contracts for compulsory arbitration, in the name of the station.

(h) The board may adopt regulations in accordance with chapter 54 to govern the operations of the station in accordance with the provisions of subsections (a) to (g), inclusive, of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-332 — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 435 / Section 22-332
Sec. 22-332. Impoundment and disposition of roaming, injured or mistreated animals. Authority to spay or neuter unclaimed dog. Liability for provision of veterinary care to injured, sick or diseased impounded animal.
Status: in_force

(b) If such dog or other domestic animal is not claimed by and released to the owner within seven days after the date of publication, such officer, upon finding such dog or other domestic animal to be in satisfactory health, may have a licensed veterinarian spay or neuter such dog and sell such dog or other domestic animal to any person who satisfies such officer that such person is purchasing such dog or other domestic animal as a pet and that such person can give it a good home and proper care. Such officer may retain possession of such dog or other domestic animal for such additional period of time as such officer may deem advisable in order to place such dog or other domestic animal as a pet and may have a licensed veterinarian spay or neuter such dog. If, within such period, any dog or other domestic animal is not claimed by and released to the owner or keeper or purchased as a pet, the officer shall cause such dog or other domestic animal to be humanely euthanized by a licensed veterinarian or disposed of as the State Veterinarian may direct. Any veterinarian who so euthanizes a dog shall be paid from the dog fund account. No person who euthanizes a dog or other domestic animal shall be held criminally or civilly liable therefor nor shall any licensed veterinarian who spays or neuters a dog pursuant to this section be held civilly liable.

(c) The town treasurer or other fiscal officer shall pay from the dog fund account the advertising expense incurred under the provisions of this section upon receipt of an itemized statement together with a copy of the advertisement as published. Any person who purchases a dog as a pet shall pay a fee of five dollars and procure a license and tag for such dog from the town clerk, in accordance with the provisions of section 22-338 . In addition to the five-dollar fee, any person who purchases a dog as a pet may be charged the cost the municipality incurred, if any, to spay or neuter and vaccinate the dog, provided such charge shall not exceed one hundred fifty dollars.

(d) No regional or municipal dog pound facility, municipality, animal control officer or regional animal control officer appointed pursuant to section 22-328 , 22-331 , or 22-331a , as applicable, or public or private nonprofit animal rescue organization that arranges for the provision of treatment by a licensed veterinarian to an injured, sick or diseased animal pursuant to a contract described in section 22-332e shall be held civilly liable for such actions unless such actions are performed in a wanton, reckless or malicious manner. No licensed veterinarian who provides treatment free of charge or for a reduced fee, to an injured, sick or diseased animal as a direct result of a contract described in section 22-332e shall be held civilly liable for the provision of such treatment unless such actions are performed in a wilful, wanton or reckless manner.

An unregistered dog is not an outlaw to be killed summarily at a whim of any individual. 18 CS 53.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-134tt — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 445b / Section 22a-134tt
Sec. 22a-134tt. Regulations. Working group. Regulation requirements. Remediation standards considerations. Audit requirements. Incorporation of other requirements.
Status: in_force

(b) The commissioner, or his or her designee, shall co-chair and convene, in conjunction with the Commissioner of Economic and Community Development, or his or her designee, a working group in the department for the purpose of providing advice and feedback for regulations to be adopted by the commissioner in accordance with the provisions of this section. The Commissioner of Economic and Community Development, or his or her designee, shall serve as co-chair of such working group. The membership of the working group shall include: (1) The chairpersons and ranking members of the joint standing committees of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to the environment and commerce; (2) environmental transaction attorneys; (3) commercial real estate brokers; (4) licensed environmental professionals; (5) representatives from the Connecticut Manufacturers' Collaborative; (6) representatives of environmental advocacy groups; (7) representatives of the Environmental Professionals Organization of Connecticut; (8) municipal representatives; (9) representatives from the brownfields working group established pursuant to section 32-770 ; (10) representatives of the Connecticut Conference of Municipalities and the Connecticut Council of Small Towns; (11) representatives of the Council on Environmental Quality; and (12) any other interested members of the public designated by the commissioner. The commissioner shall convene monthly meetings of such working group until such time as regulations are adopted pursuant to this section. Not less than sixty days before posting notice on the eRegulations System pursuant to section 4-168 , the commissioner shall provide a draft of such regulations to the members of the working group and allow members of the working group to provide advice and feedback on such draft. The members of the working group shall provide such advice and feedback not later than thirty days after the date on which such members receive such draft. Not less than fifteen days before posting such notice on the eRegulations System pursuant to section 4-168 , the commissioner shall convene at least one monthly meeting of the working group after providing a draft of such regulations. The commissioner shall provide a revised draft for review by such members prior to posting notice on the eRegulations System pursuant to section 4-168 .

(c) Such regulations shall include, but need not be limited to, provisions regarding (1) reporting requirements for any releases required to be reported pursuant to sections 22a-134qq to 22a-134tt , inclusive, including, but not limited to, reportable quantities and concentrations above which a release shall be reported in accordance with said sections; (2) procedures and deadlines for remediation, including public participation; (3) standards for remediation for any release to the land and waters of the state, including environmental use restrictions, as defined in section 22a-133o ; (4) verification and commissioner's audit of remediation; (5) supervision of remediation based on pollutant type, concentration or volume, or based on the imminence of harm to public health; and (6) any required fees.

(d) In any regulation adopted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner shall specify tiers of releases based on risk, as determined by the commissioner, and that, based on the tier to which such release is assigned, certain releases may be remediated under the supervision of a licensed environmental professional, without the supervision of the commissioner, and may be remediated without being verified. Tiers of releases shall be specified based on: (1) The existence, source, nature and extent of a release; (2) the nature and extent of danger to public health, safety, welfare and the environment, both immediate and over time; (3) the magnitude and complexity of the actions necessary to assess, contain or remove the release; (4) the extent to which the proposed remediation will not remove the release, in its entirety, from the land and waters of the state but will instead leave behind pollutants to be managed using a risk mitigation approach authorized by regulations adopted pursuant to this section; and (5) the extent to which the oversight of the commissioner is necessary to ensure compliance with the provisions of sections 22a-134qq to 22a-134tt , inclusive.

(e) (1) In any regulation adopted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner shall specify the types of releases to be reported and the timeframe for such reporting. When specifying the types of releases that shall be reported and the timeframes for reporting releases, the commissioner shall consider the factors specified in subdivisions (1), (2), (3) and (5) of subsection (b) of this section.

(2) Such regulations may exempt the requirement for a report if remediation can be accomplished through containment, removal or mitigation of a release upon discovery and in a manner and by a timeframe specified in the regulations adopted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, provided such regulations shall specify that certain records be maintained by the person performing a cleanup and a schedule for the retention of such records.

(3) Such regulations may require any such report be made in a timeframe commensurate with the severity of the risk posed by such release, with the shortest reporting time corresponding to releases that pose an imminent or substantial threat to human health or the environment, including, but not limited to, residential areas, parks and schools, or releases that exist near drinking water supplies or that present a higher risk to human health or the environment. Such regulations shall permit a longer timeframe for a report of a release that does not pose an imminent or significant threat to human health or the environment.

(4) Such regulations shall provide for a process to amend or retract release reports that were reported in error.

(5) No release required to be reported by regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-450 shall also be required to be reported by regulations adopted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.

(f) In establishing standards for remediation adopted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner shall (1) consider the standards for remediation set forth in regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-133k ; (2) give preference to cleanup methods that are permanent, if feasible; (3) provide flexibility, when appropriate, for licensed environmental professionals to establish and implement risk-based alternative cleanup standards developed in consideration of site use, exposure assumptions, geologic and hydrogeologic conditions and physical and chemical properties of each substance that comprise a release; (4) consider any factor the commissioner deems appropriate, including, but not limited to, groundwater classification of the site; and (5) provide for standards of remediation less stringent than those required for residential land use for polluted properties that (A) are located in areas classified as GB or GC under the standards adopted by the commissioner for classification of groundwater, (B) have historically been used for industrial or commercial purposes, and (C) are not subject to an order issued by the commissioner regarding such release, consent order or stipulated judgment regarding such release, provided an environmental use restriction is executed for any such property subsequent to the remedial action, in accordance with the provisions of section 22a-133aa , and such regulations specify the types of industrial or commercial land uses to which any such property may be put subsequent to such remedial action.

(g) The regulations adopted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section regarding audits shall:

(1) Authorize the commissioner to audit any verification;

(2) Set goals for the number of audits to be conducted. Such goals shall be consistent with the requirements of section 22a-134uu and shall, at a minimum, set a goal of auditing twenty per cent of verifications rendered for releases from at least one tier and set a goal of auditing verifications rendered for releases from the other tiers at a frequency that is based on the number of verifications submitted for releases in each tier;

(3) Prioritize the auditing of higher risk releases that may jeopardize human health or the environment;

(4) Utilize multiple levels of auditing. The levels of auditing may include:

(A) Screening documents or forms submitted to the department;

(B) Conducting a thorough evaluation of the verification, including, but not limited to, inspecting a property or requesting additional supporting information regarding an investigation or remediation of a release; and

(C) Auditing focused on specific issues identified in screening documents or forms, conditions specific to a particular release or issues that present a higher risk to human health or the environment; and

(5) Provide certain timeframes for commencing audits that shall be no later than one year after verification and provide opportunities to reopen a remediation when: (A) The commissioner has reason to believe that a verification was obtained through the submittal of materially inaccurate or erroneous information, or otherwise misleading information material to the verification, or that misrepresentations were made in connection with the submittal of the verification, (B) a verification is submitted pursuant to an order of the commissioner, in accordance with section 22a-134ss , (C) any post-verification monitoring, or operations and maintenance, is required as part of a verification and which is not completed, (D) a verification that relies upon an environmental land use restriction was not recorded on the land records of the municipality in which such land is located in accordance with section 22a-133o and applicable regulations, (E) the commissioner determines that there has been a violation of the provisions of sections 22a-134qq to 22a-134tt , inclusive, or (F) the commissioner determines that information exists indicating that the remediation may have failed to prevent a substantial threat to public health or the environment.

(h) In adopting the regulations prescribed by this section, the commissioner shall incorporate the requirements of other cleanup provisions of the general statutes to assure consistency, clarity and efficiency in the application of remediation requirements contained in the general statutes and other applicable provisions of the regulations of Connecticut state agencies by the commissioner and members of the regulated community.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-272a — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 432 / Section 22-272a
Sec. 22-272a. Approved methods of slaughter.
Status: in_force

(b) The following shall be deemed to be approved methods: (1) Rendering the animal insensible to pain by gunshot or mechanical, electrical, chemical or other rapid and effective means approved by the Commissioner of Consumer Protection or by the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States pursuant to the federal Humane Slaughter Act of 1958 (An Act of Congress approved August 27, 1958, Public Law 85-765, 72 Stat. 862, 7 USC 1901-1906), as amended; (2) restraint of the animal by means of a pen approved by the commissioner which firmly encloses the animal and, with a minimum of excitement and discomfort, places the animal in such a position that a cutting stroke may be administered quickly and efficiently; (3) restraint of the animal by means of a body harness approved by the commissioner which lifts, supports and cradles the animal and, with a minimum of excitement and discomfort, places it in such a position that a cutting stroke may be administered quickly and efficiently, and (4) restraint of the animal by any other means approved by the commissioner which causes the animal no unreasonable or unnecessary pain and which, with a minimum of excitement and discomfort, places the animal in such a position that a cutting stroke may be administered quickly and efficiently.

(c) Use of a manually-operated sledge, hammer or poleax to render an animal insensible to pain is prohibited.

(d) Any person who violates the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a class C misdemeanor. The commissioner, or any meat inspector acting under his direction, may seize any animal slaughtered in violation of the provisions of this section and the commissioner may, at his discretion, sell or otherwise dispose of the same. The proceeds from any such sale shall be paid to the State Treasurer to be credited to the General Fund.

(e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit, abridge or in any way hinder the religious freedom of any person or group. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, in order to protect freedom of religion and ritual slaughter, the handling and other preparation of livestock for ritual slaughter are humane and are not to be regulated by any terms of this section.

Cited. 218 C. 757.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-93 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 444 / Section 22a-93
Sec. 22a-93. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(2) “Municipality” means any town listed in subsection (a) of section 22a-94 , the city of Groton, the borough of Stonington, the borough of Groton Long Point, the borough of Fenwick and the borough of Woodmont, but shall not include any special district;

(3) “Coastal area” means those lands described in subsection (a) of section 22a-94 ;

(4) “Coastal boundary” means the boundary described in subsection (b) of section 22a-94 ;

(5) “Coastal waters” means those waters of Long Island Sound and its harbors, embayments, tidal rivers, streams and creeks, which contain a salinity concentration of at least five hundred parts per million under the low flow stream conditions as established by the commissioner;

(6) “Public beach” means that portion of the shoreline held in public fee ownership by the state or that portion of the shoreline below the mean high tide elevation that is held in public trust by the state;

(7) “Coastal resources” means the coastal waters of the state, their natural resources, related marine and wildlife habitat and adjacent shorelands, both developed and undeveloped, that together form an integrated terrestrial and estuarine ecosystem; coastal resources include the following: (A) “Coastal bluffs and escarpments” means naturally eroding shorelands marked by dynamic escarpments or sea cliffs which have slope angles that constitute an intricate adjustment between erosion, substrate, drainage and degree of plant cover; (B) “rocky shorefronts” means shorefront composed of bedrock, boulders and cobbles that are highly erosion-resistant and are an insignificant source of sediments for other coastal landforms; (C) “beaches and dunes” means beach systems including barrier beach spits and tombolos, barrier beaches, pocket beaches, land contact beaches and related dunes and sandflats; (D) “intertidal flats” means very gently sloping or flat areas located between high and low tides composed of muddy, silty and fine sandy sediments and generally devoid of vegetation; (E) “tidal wetlands” means “wetland” as defined by section 22a-29 ; (F) “freshwater wetlands and watercourses” means “wetlands” and “watercourses” as defined by section 22a-38 ; (G) “estuarine embayments” means a protected coastal body of water with an open connection to the sea in which saline sea water is measurably diluted by fresh water including tidal rivers, bays, lagoons and coves; (H) “coastal hazard areas” means those land areas inundated during coastal storm events or subject to erosion induced by such events, including flood hazard areas as defined and determined by the National Flood Insurance Act, as amended (USC 42 Section 4101, P.L. 93-234) and all erosion hazard areas as determined by the commissioner; (I) “developed shorefront” means those harbor areas which have been highly engineered and developed resulting in the functional impairment or substantial alteration of their natural physiographic features or systems; (J) “island” means land surrounded on all sides by water; (K) “nearshore waters” means the area comprised of those waters and their substrates lying between mean high water and a depth approximated by the ten meter contour; (L) “offshore waters” means the area comprised of those waters and their substrates lying seaward of a depth approximated by the ten meter contour; (M) “shorelands” means those land areas within the coastal boundary exclusive of coastal hazard areas, which are not subject to dynamic coastal processes and which are comprised of typical upland features such as bedrock hills, till hills and drumlins; (N) “shellfish concentration areas” means actual, potential or historic areas in coastal waters, in which one or more species of shellfish aggregate;

(8) “Zoning commission” means the municipal zoning commission established under section 8-1 or by any special act or the combined planning and zoning commission established under section 8-4a ;

(9) “Planning commission” means the municipal planning commission established under section 8-19 or by any special act or the combined planning and zoning commission established under section 8-4a ;

(10) “Municipal coastal plans” means the plans listed in subsections (b) and (d) of section 22a-101 ;

(11) “Municipal coastal regulations” means the regulations and ordinances listed in subsection (b) of section 22a-101 ;

(12) “Federal Coastal Zone Management Act” and “federal act” means the U.S. Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended;

(13) “Coastal site plans” means the site plans, applications and project referrals listed in section 22a-105 ;

(14) “Facilities and resources which are in the national interest” means: (A) Adequate protection of tidal wetlands and related estuarine resources; (B) restoration and enhancement of Connecticut's shellfish industry; (C) restoration, preservation and enhancement of the state's recreational and commercial fisheries, including anadromous species; (D) water pollution control measures and facilities consistent with the requirements of the federal Clean Water Act, as amended; (E) air pollution control measures and facilities consistent with the requirements of the federal Clean Air Act, as amended; (F) continued operations of existing federally-funded dredged and maintained navigation channels and basins; (G) energy facilities serving state-wide and interstate markets, including electric generating facilities and facilities for storage, receiving or processing petroleum products and other fuels; (H) improvements to the existing interstate rail, highway and water-borne transportation system; (I) provision of adequate state or federally-owned marine-related recreational facilities, including natural areas and wildlife sanctuaries; and (J) essential maintenance and improvement of existing water-dependent military, navigational, resource management and research facilities;

(15) “Adverse impacts on coastal resources” include but are not limited to: (A) Degrading water quality through the significant introduction into either coastal waters or groundwater supplies of suspended solids, nutrients, toxics, heavy metals or pathogens, or through the significant alteration of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen or salinity; (B) degrading existing circulation patterns of coastal waters through the significant alteration of patterns of tidal exchange or flushing rates, freshwater input, or existing basin characteristics and channel contours; (C) degrading natural erosion patterns through the significant alteration of littoral transport of sediments in terms of deposition or source reduction; (D) degrading natural or existing drainage patterns through the significant alteration of groundwater flow and recharge and volume of runoff; (E) increasing the hazard of coastal flooding through significant alteration of shoreline configurations or bathymetry, particularly within high velocity flood zones; (F) degrading visual quality through significant alteration of the natural features of vistas and view points; (G) degrading or destroying essential wildlife, finfish or shellfish habitat through significant alteration of the composition, migration patterns, distribution, breeding or other population characteristics of the natural species or significant alteration of the natural components of the habitat; and (H) degrading tidal wetlands, beaches and dunes, rocky shorefronts, and bluffs and escarpments through significant alteration of their natural characteristics or function;

(16) “Water-dependent uses” means those uses and facilities which require direct access to, or location in, marine or tidal waters and which therefore cannot be located inland, including but not limited to: Marinas, recreational and commercial fishing and boating facilities, finfish and shellfish processing plants, waterfront dock and port facilities, shipyards and boat building facilities, water-based recreational uses, navigation aides, basins and channels, industrial uses dependent upon water-borne transportation or requiring large volumes of cooling or process water which cannot reasonably be located or operated at an inland site and uses which provide general public access to marine or tidal waters;

(17) “Adverse impacts on future water-dependent development opportunities” and “adverse impacts on future water-dependent development activities” include but are not limited to (A) locating a non-water-dependent use at a site that (i) is physically suited for a water-dependent use for which there is a reasonable demand or (ii) has been identified for a water-dependent use in the plan of development of the municipality or the zoning regulations; (B) replacement of a water-dependent use with a non-water-dependent use, and (C) siting of a non-water-dependent use which would substantially reduce or inhibit existing public access to marine or tidal waters;

(18) “Zoning board of appeals” means the municipal zoning board of appeals established pursuant to section 8-5 or any special act; and

(19) “Rise in sea level” means the most recent sea level change scenario updated pursuant to subsection (b) of section 25-68o .

Cited. 228 C. 187.

Cited. 43 CS 386.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-478 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446k / Section 22a-478
Sec. 22a-478. Eligible water quality projects. Eligible drinking water projects. Project grants. Grant account loans.
Status: in_force

(b) In each fiscal year the commissioner may make project grants, grant account loans and project loans to municipalities in the order of the priority list of eligible water quality projects to the extent of moneys available therefor in the appropriate accounts of the Clean Water Fund. Each municipality undertaking an eligible water quality project may apply for and receive a project grant and loan or project grants and loans in an amount equal to one hundred per cent of the eligible water quality project costs.

(c) The funding of an eligible water quality project shall be pursuant to a project funding agreement between the state, acting by and through the commissioner, and the municipality undertaking such project and shall be evidenced by a project fund obligation or grant account loan obligation, or both, or an interim funding obligation of such municipality issued in accordance with section 22a-479 . A project funding agreement shall be in a form prescribed by the commissioner. Eligible water quality projects shall be funded as follows:

(1) A nonpoint source pollution abatement project shall receive a project grant of seventy-five per cent of the cost of the project determined to be eligible by the commissioner.

(2) A combined sewer project shall receive (A) a project grant of fifty per cent of the cost of the project, and (B) a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the eligible water quality project costs.

(3) A construction contract eligible for financing awarded by a municipality on or after July 1, 2012, as a project undertaken for nutrient removal shall receive a project grant of thirty per cent of the cost of the project associated with nutrient removal, a twenty per cent grant for the balance of the cost of the project not related to nutrient removal, and a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the eligible water quality project costs. Nutrient removal projects under design or construction on July 1, 2012, and projects that have been constructed but have not received permanent, Clean Water Fund financing, on July 1, 2012, shall be eligible to receive a project grant of thirty per cent of the cost of the project associated with nutrient removal, a twenty per cent grant for the balance of the cost of the project not related to nutrient removal, and a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the eligible water quality project costs.

(4) If supplemental federal grant funds are available for Clean Water Fund projects specifically related to the clean-up of Long Island Sound that are funded on or after July 1, 2012, a distressed municipality, as defined in section 32-9p , may receive a combination of state and federal grants in an amount not to exceed fifty per cent of the cost of the project associated with nutrient removal, a twenty per cent grant for the balance of the cost of the project not related to nutrient removal, and a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the allowable water quality project costs.

(5) A municipality with a water pollution control project, the construction of which began on or after July 1, 2003, which has (A) a population of five thousand or less, or (B) a population of greater than five thousand which has a discrete area containing a population of less than five thousand that is not contiguous with the existing sewerage system, shall be eligible to receive a grant in the amount of twenty-five per cent of the design and construction phase of eligible project costs, and a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the eligible water quality project costs.

(6) Any contract entered into by a municipality prior to, on or after May 26, 2016, but before July 1, 2019, that is eligible for financing as a project undertaken for phosphorus removal to at or below thirty-one one hundredths milligrams per liter, provided such amount is specified as the average monthly effluent total phosphorous limit in a discharge permit issued to such municipality by the commissioner pursuant to section 22a-430 , shall receive (A) a project grant of fifty per cent of the cost of the project associated with such phosphorus removal, (B) except as provided in subdivision (3) of this subsection, a twenty per cent grant for the balance of the cost of the project, and (C) a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the eligible water quality project costs, provided nothing in this subdivision shall affect any requirement or schedule in any discharge permit issued by the commissioner pursuant to said section.

(7) A municipality with a 2012 population of not less than forty thousand but not more than forty-two thousand with a municipal sewerage system that provides a regional sewerage treatment capacity to not less than five abutting communities, each with 2012 populations of less than five thousand, shall receive funding levels consistent with subdivisions (1) to (6), inclusive, of this subsection plus an additional five per cent for the design and construction phase costs of an eligible water quality project and a loan for the remainder of the costs of such eligible water quality project, provided such loan shall not exceed one hundred per cent of the costs of such eligible water project.

(8) Any other eligible water quality project shall receive (A) a project grant of twenty per cent of the eligible cost, and (B) a loan for the remainder of the costs of the project, not exceeding one hundred per cent of the eligible project cost.

(9) Project agreements to fund eligible project costs with grants from the Clean Water Fund that were executed during or after the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2003, shall not be reduced according to the provisions of the regulations adopted under section 22a-482 .

(10) On or after July 1, 2002, an eligible water quality project that exclusively addresses sewer collection and conveyance system improvements may receive a loan for one hundred per cent of the eligible costs provided such project does not receive a project grant. Any such sewer collection and conveyance system improvement project shall be rated, ranked, and funded separately from other water pollution control projects and shall be considered only if it is highly consistent with the state's conservation and development plan, or is primarily needed as the most cost effective solution to an existing area-wide pollution problem and incorporates minimal capacity for growth.

(11) All loans made in accordance with the provisions of this section for an eligible water quality project shall bear an interest rate of two per cent per annum. The commissioner may allow any project fund obligation, grant account loan obligation or interim funding obligation for an eligible water quality project to be repaid by a borrowing municipality prior to maturity without penalty.

(d) Each project loan and grant account loan for an eligible water quality project shall be made pursuant to a project funding agreement between the state, acting by and through the commissioner, and such municipality, and each project loan for an eligible water quality project shall be evidenced by a project loan obligation, each grant account loan for an eligible water quality project shall be evidenced by a grant account loan obligation, or either may be evidenced by an interim funding obligation of such municipality issued in accordance with sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive. Except as otherwise provided in said sections, each project funding agreement shall contain such terms and conditions, including provisions for default which shall be enforceable against a municipality, as shall be approved by the commissioner. Each project loan obligation, grant account loan obligation or interim funding obligation issued pursuant to a project funding agreement for an eligible water quality project shall bear interest at a rate of two per cent per annum. Except as otherwise provided in sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive, each project loan obligation, grant account loan obligation and interim funding obligation shall be issued in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the project funding agreement. Notwithstanding any other provision of the general statutes, public act or special act to the contrary, each project loan obligation and grant account loan obligation for an eligible water quality project shall mature no later than twenty years from the date of completion of the construction of the project and shall be paid in monthly installments of principal and interest or in monthly installments of principal unless a finding is otherwise made by the Treasurer of the state requiring a different payment schedule. Interest on each project loan obligation and grant account loan obligation for an eligible water quality project shall be payable monthly unless a finding is otherwise made by the Treasurer of the state requiring a different payment schedule. Principal and interest on interim funding obligations issued under a project funding agreement for an eligible water quality project shall be payable at such time or times as provided in the project funding agreement, not exceeding six months after the date of completion of the planning and design phase or the construction phase, as applicable, of the eligible water quality project, as determined by the commissioner, and may be paid from the proceeds of a renewal note or notes or from the proceeds of a project loan obligation or grant account loan obligation. The commissioner may allow any project loan obligation, grant account loan obligation or interim funding obligation for an eligible water quality project to be repaid by the borrowing municipality prior to maturity without penalty.

(e) (1) The commissioner may make a project grant or a grant account loan or both to a municipality pursuant to a project funding agreement for the planning and design phase of an eligible water quality project. Principal and interest on a grant account loan for the planning and design phases of an eligible water quality project may be paid from and included in the principal amount of a loan for the construction phase of an eligible water quality project.

(2) In lieu of a grant and loan pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the commissioner, upon written request by a municipality, may make a project grant to such municipality in the amount of fifty-five per cent of the cost approved by the commissioner for the planning phase of an eligible water quality project.

(3) If supplemental federal grant funds are available for Clean Water Fund projects specifically related to the clean-up of Long Island Sound that are funded on or after July 1, 2003, a distressed municipality, as defined in section 32-9p , may receive a combination of state and federal grants in an amount not to exceed one hundred per cent of the cost, approved by the commissioner, for the planning phase of an eligible water quality project for nitrogen removal.

(f) A project grant, a grant account loan and a project loan for an eligible water quality project shall not be made to a municipality unless:

(1) In the case of a project grant, grant account loan and project loan for the construction phase, final plans and specifications for such project are approved by the commissioner;

(2) Each municipality undertaking such project provides assurances satisfactory to the commissioner that the municipality shall undertake and complete such project with due diligence and, in the case of a project loan for the construction phase, that it shall own such project and shall operate and maintain the eligible water quality project for a period and in a manner satisfactory to the commissioner after completion of such project;

(3) Each municipality undertaking such project has filed with the commissioner all applications and other documents prescribed by the commissioner within time periods prescribed by the commissioner;

(4) Each municipality undertaking such project has established separate accounts for the receipt and disbursement of the proceeds of such project grant, grant account loan and project loan and has agreed to maintain project accounts in accordance with generally accepted government accounting standards;

(5) In any case in which an eligible water quality project shall be owned or maintained by more than one municipality, the commissioner has received evidence satisfactory to the commissioner that all such municipalities are legally required to complete their respective portions of such project;

(6) Each municipality undertaking such project has agreed to comply with such audit requirements as may be imposed by the commissioner;

(7) In the case of a project grant, grant account loan and project loan for the construction phase, each municipality shall assure the commissioner that it has adequate legal, institutional, managerial and financial capability to construct and operate the pollution abatement facility for the design life of the facility; and

(8) In the case of a project grant, grant account loan and project loan for the construction phase awarded after July 1, 1991, each municipality shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the commissioner, that it has implemented an adequate operation and maintenance program for the municipal sewerage system for the design life of the facility.

(g) Notwithstanding any provision of sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive, to the contrary, the commissioner may make a project grant or project grants and a grant account loan or loans in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c) of this section with respect to an eligible water quality project without regard to the priority list of eligible water quality projects if a public emergency exists which requires that the eligible water quality project be undertaken to protect the public health and safety or the natural and environmental resources of the state.

(h) The Department of Public Health shall establish and maintain a priority list of eligible drinking water projects and shall establish a system setting the priority for making project loans to eligible public water systems. In establishing such priority list and ranking system, the Commissioner of Public Health shall consider all factors which he deems relevant, including, but not limited to, the following: (1) The public health and safety; (2) protection of environmental resources; (3) population affected; (4) risk to human health; (5) public water systems most in need on a per household basis according to applicable state affordability criteria; (6) compliance with the applicable requirements of the federal Safe Drinking Water Act and other related federal acts; (7) applicable state and federal regulations. The priority list of eligible drinking water projects shall include a description of each project and its purpose, impact, cost and construction schedule, and an explanation of the manner in which priorities were established. The Commissioner of Public Health shall adopt an interim priority list of eligible drinking water projects for the purpose of making project loans prior to adoption of final regulations, and in so doing may utilize existing rules and regulations of the department relating to the program. To the extent required by applicable federal law, the Department of Public Health shall prepare any required intended use plan with respect to eligible drinking water projects; (8) consistency with the state plan of conservation and development; (9) consistency with the policies delineated in section 22a-380 ; and (10) consistency with the coordinated water system plan in accordance with subsection (f) of section 25-33d .

(i) In each fiscal year the Commissioner of Public Health may make project loans to recipients in the order of the priority list of eligible drinking water projects to the extent of moneys available therefor in the appropriate accounts of the Clean Water Fund. Each recipient undertaking an eligible drinking water project may apply for and receive a project loan or loans in an amount equal to one hundred per cent of the eligible project costs.

(j) The funding of an eligible drinking water project shall be pursuant to a project funding agreement between the state, acting by and through the Commissioner of Public Health, and the recipient undertaking such project and shall be evidenced by a project fund obligation or an interim funding obligation of such recipient issued in accordance with section 22a-479 . A project funding agreement shall be in a form prescribed by the Commissioner of Public Health. Any eligible drinking water project shall receive a project loan for the costs of the project. All loans made in accordance with the provisions of this section for an eligible drinking water project shall bear an interest rate not exceeding one-half the rate of the average net interest cost as determined by the last previous similar bond issue by the state of Connecticut as determined by the State Bond Commission in accordance with subsection (t) of section 3-20 . The Commissioner of Public Health may allow any project fund obligation or interim funding obligation for an eligible drinking water project to be repaid by a borrowing recipient prior to maturity without penalty.

(k) Each project loan for an eligible drinking water project shall be made pursuant to a project funding agreement between the state, acting by and through the Commissioner of Public Health, and such recipient, and each project loan for an eligible drinking water project shall be evidenced by a project loan obligation or by an interim funding obligation of such recipient issued in accordance with sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive. Except as otherwise provided in said sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive, each project funding agreement shall contain such terms and conditions, including provisions for default which shall be enforceable against a recipient, as shall be approved by the Commissioner of Public Health. Each project loan obligation or interim funding obligation issued pursuant to a project funding agreement for an eligible drinking water project shall bear an interest rate not exceeding one-half the rate of the average net interest cost as determined by the last previous similar bond issue by the state of Connecticut as determined by the State Bond Commission in accordance with subsection (t) of section 3-20 . Except as otherwise provided in said sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive, each project loan obligation and interim funding obligation shall be issued in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the project funding agreement. Notwithstanding any other provision of the general statutes, public act or special act to the contrary, each project loan obligation for an eligible drinking water project shall mature no later than twenty years from the date of completion of the construction of the project and shall be paid in monthly installments of principal and interest or in monthly installments of principal unless a finding is otherwise made by the State Treasurer requiring a different payment schedule. Interest on each project loan obligation for an eligible drinking water project shall be payable monthly unless a finding is otherwise made by the State Treasurer requiring a different payment schedule. Principal and interest on interim funding obligations issued under a project funding agreement for an eligible drinking water project shall be payable at such time or times as provided in the project funding agreement, not exceeding six months after the date of completion of the planning and design phase or the construction phase, as applicable, of the eligible drinking water project, as determined by the Commissioner of Public Health, and may be paid from the proceeds of a renewal note or notes or from the proceeds of a project loan obligation. The Commissioner of Public Health may allow any project loan obligation or interim funding obligation for an eligible drinking water project to be repaid by the borrowing recipient prior to maturity without penalty.

(l) The Commissioner of Public Health may make a project loan to a recipient pursuant to a project funding agreement for an eligible drinking water project for the planning and design phase of an eligible project, to the extent provided by the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended. Principal and interest on a project loan for the planning and design phases of an eligible drinking water project may be paid from and included in the principal amount of a loan for the construction phase of an eligible drinking water project.

(m) A project loan for an eligible drinking water project shall not be made to a recipient unless: (1) In the case of a project loan for the construction phase, final plans and specifications for such project are approved by the Commissioner of Public Health, and when the recipient is a water company, as defined in section 16-1 , with the concurrence of the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority, and with the approval of the Commissioner of Public Health for consistency with financial requirements of the general statutes, regulations and resolutions; (2) each recipient undertaking such project provides assurances satisfactory to the Commissioner of Public Health that the recipient shall undertake and complete such project with due diligence and, in the case of a project loan for the construction phase, that it shall own such project and shall operate and maintain the eligible drinking water project for a period and in a manner satisfactory to the Department of Public Health after completion of such project; (3) each recipient undertaking such project has filed with the Commissioner of Public Health all applications and other documents prescribed by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority and the Commissioner of Public Health within time periods prescribed by the Commissioner of Public Health; (4) each recipient undertaking such project has established separate accounts for the receipt and disbursement of the proceeds of such project loan and has agreed to maintain project accounts in accordance with generally accepted government accounting standards or uniform system of accounts, as applicable; (5) in any case in which an eligible drinking water project shall be owned or maintained by more than one recipient, the Commissioner of Public Health has received evidence satisfactory to him that all such recipients are legally required to complete their respective portions of such project; (6) each recipient undertaking such project has agreed to comply with such audit requirements as may be imposed by the Commissioner of Public Health; and (7) in the case of a project loan for the construction phase, each recipient shall assure the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority, as required, and the Commissioner of Public Health that it has adequate legal, institutional, technical, managerial and financial capability to ensure compliance with the requirements of applicable federal law, except to the extent otherwise permitted by federal law.

(n) Notwithstanding any provision of sections 22a-475 to 22a-483 , inclusive, the Commissioner of Public Health may make a project loan or loans in accordance with the provisions of subsection (j) of this section with respect to an eligible drinking water project without regard to the priority list of eligible drinking water projects if an emergency exists, including, but not limited to, an unanticipated infrastructure failure, a contamination of water or a shortage of water, which requires that the eligible drinking water project be immediately undertaken to protect the public health and safety.

(o) The commissioner shall prepare an annual report to the Governor within ninety days after the completion of each fiscal year which includes a list of project funding agreements entered into during the fiscal year then ended, the estimated year that funding will be available for specific projects listed on each priority list of eligible projects and a financial report on the condition of the Clean Water Fund for the fiscal year then ended, which shall include a certification by the commissioner of any amounts to become available for payment of debt service or for the purchase or redemption of bonds during the next succeeding fiscal year.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-471a — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446k / Section 22a-471a
Sec. 22a-471a. Exemption from potable drinking water orders for persons engaged in agriculture.
Status: in_force

(b) On and after July 1, 1989, the provisions of subsection (f) of section 22a-471 shall not apply to any person engaged in agriculture who (1) fails to maintain the records specified in subsection (d) of this section, or (2) has not developed and implemented the plan specified in subsection (e) of this section when such records have been maintained for less than three years.

(c) The provisions of subsection (f) of section 22a-471 shall apply to any person beginning agricultural activities on or after July 1, 1989, who makes an application or arranges for the application of a general use or restricted use pesticide to agricultural or horticultural products or to the land, provided such person (1) maintains the records specified in subsection (d) of this section, and (2) develops and implements the plan specified in subsection (e) of this section.

(d) The records required under subsection (a) of this section shall include a record of the following information for each application of a general or restricted use pesticide to an agricultural or horticultural product or to the land: (1) The name of the applicator; (2) the kind and amount of the pesticide used; (3) the date and place of application; (4) the crop and amount of acreage treated; (5) the name of the manufacturer and the product registration number assigned by the United States Environmental Protection Agency of each pesticide; and (6) the invoice or purchase receipt of the pesticide. Such records shall be maintained by the person engaged in agriculture for not less than twenty years after the date of application.

(e) Any plan prepared under subsection (a) of this section shall be appropriate for the agricultural activities conducted on the land and shall minimize the potential for groundwater contamination from pesticides. Such plan shall include provisions for integrated pest management, if available, proper amounts and rates of pesticide applications, calibration of equipment and timing and frequency of pesticide application. The plan shall be prepared and revised as necessary in accordance with guidelines issued or approved by the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources at The University of Connecticut.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-265 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446e / Section 22a-265
Sec. 22a-265. (Formerly Sec. 19-524x). (Note: This section is repealed, effective July 1, 2025.) Powers, generally.
Status: in_force

(1) Employ a staff of not to exceed forty-five personnel, exclusive of the directors, and to fix their duties, qualifications and compensation;

(2) Establish offices where necessary in the state of Connecticut;

(3) Make and enter into any contract or agreement necessary or incidental to the performance of its duties and execution of its powers;

(4) Sue and be sued;

(5) Have a seal and alter it at pleasure;

(6) Make and alter bylaws and rules and regulations with respect to the exercise of its own powers;

(7) Conduct such hearings, examinations and investigations as may be necessary and appropriate to the conduct of its operations and the fulfillment of its responsibilities;

(8) Obtain access to public records and apply for the process of subpoena if necessary to produce books, papers, records and other data;

(9) Charge reasonable fees for the services it performs and waive, suspend, reduce or otherwise modify such fees, provided such user fees shall apply uniformly within each municipality to all users who are provided with waste management services with respect to a given type or category of wastes, in accordance with criteria established by the authority, and provided further no change may be made in user fees without at least sixty days prior notice to the users affected thereby;

(10) Purchase, lease or rent such real and personal property as it may deem necessary, convenient or desirable;

(11) Otherwise, do all things necessary for the performance of its duties, the fulfillment of its obligations, the conduct of its operations, the maintenance of its working relationships with municipalities, regions and persons, and the conduct of a comprehensive program for reuse, recycling, solid waste disposal and resources recovery, and for solid waste management services, in accordance with the provisions of the state-wide solid waste management plan, applicable statutes and regulations and the requirements of this chapter;

(12) Receive and accept, from any source, aid or contributions, including money, property, labor and other things of value;

(13) Invest any funds not needed for immediate use or disbursement in obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States of America or the state of Connecticut and in obligations that are legal investments for savings banks in this state; and

(14) Adopt regular procedures for exercising its power under this chapter not in conflict with other provisions of the general statutes.

Cited. 193 C. 506.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-261 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446e / Section 22a-261
Sec. 22a-261. (Note: This section is repealed, effective July 1, 2025). MIRA Dissolution Authority. Board of Directors. Authority termination.
Status: in_force

(b) On and after July 1, 2023, the terms of the board of the Materials Innovation and Recycling Authority shall terminate and the powers of the MIRA Dissolution Authority shall be vested in and exercised by a board of directors, which shall consist of eleven directors as follows: (1) The Governor, or the Governor's designee, (2) the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management, or the secretary's designee, (3) the Commissioner of Administrative Services, (4) the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, or the commissioner's designee, (5) one appointed by the president pro tempore of the Senate, (6) one appointed by the speaker of the House of Representatives, (7) one appointed by the majority leader of the House of Representatives, (8) one appointed by the majority leader of the Senate, (9) one appointed by the minority leader of the Senate, (10) one appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives, and (11) one appointed by the mayor of Hartford. Additionally, the Hartford City Council may appoint not more than five members to the board, each of whom shall serve a term that is coterminous with that of the applicable appointing authority.

(c) The Governor, or the Governor's designee, shall serve as the chairperson and shall, with the approval of the other directors, appoint a president of the authority who shall be an employee of the authority and be paid a salary prescribed by the directors. The president shall supervise the administrative affairs and technical activities of the authority in accordance with the directives of the board.

(d) Each appointed director shall be entitled to reimbursement for such director's actual and necessary expenses incurred during the performance of such director's official duties.

(e) Appointed directors may engage in private employment, or in a profession or business, subject to any applicable laws, rules and regulations of the state or federal government regarding official ethics or conflict of interest.

(f) Six directors of the authority shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business or the exercise of any power of the authority. For the transaction of any business or the exercise of any power of the authority, and except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the authority may act by a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is in attendance.

(g) Appointed directors may not designate a representative to perform in their absence their respective duties under this chapter.

(h) The appointing authority for any director may remove such director for inefficiency, neglect of duty or misconduct in office after giving the director a copy of the charges against the director and an opportunity to be heard, in person or by counsel, in the director's defense, upon not less than ten days' notice. If any director shall be so removed, the appointing authority for such director shall file in the office of the Secretary of the State a complete statement of charges made against such director and the appointing authority's findings on such statement of charges, together with a complete record of the proceedings.

(i) The authority shall terminate on July 1, 2026. Upon the termination of the authority, all of such authority's rights and properties shall pass to and be vested in the state of Connecticut in accordance with the provisions of section 22a-284e .

(j) The directors, members and officers of the authority and any person executing the bonds or notes of the authority shall not be liable personally on such bonds or notes or be subject to any personal liability or accountability by reason of the issuance thereof, nor shall any director, member or officer of the authority be personally liable for damage or injury, not wanton or wilful, caused in the performance of such person's duties and within the scope of such person's employment or appointment as such director, member or officer.

Cited. 193 C. 506; 218 C. 821; 225 C. 731.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-349d — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446i / Section 22a-349d
Sec. 22a-349d. Quarries. Testing of aggregate. Report. Sale or provision of aggregate. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(b) Each test conducted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall include:

(1) The performance of a rapid total sulfur test on a ten-pound sample of aggregate by any of the following means: (A) X-ray fluorescence analysis, (B) purge and trap gas chromatography analysis, (C) analysis by combustion furnace, or (D) other technology deemed at least as accurate by the State Geologist. Representative samples shall be collected and managed in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials standard D75/D75M, Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates, reduced to a size appropriate for laboratory testing and pulverized for analysis;

(2) If the total sulfur content of the sample in per cent by mass is less than one per cent and equal to or greater than one-tenth per cent, the performance of x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility or petrographic analyses to determine the presence and relative abundance of pyrrhotite in the sample; and

(3) If the results of the test conducted pursuant to this section reveal that pyrrhotite is present in the sample, a petrographic analysis based on American Society for Testing and Materials standards C295, Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete, and C294, Standard Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates, shall be conducted to determine the acceptance and use of the aggregate.

(c) If the results of the test conducted pursuant to this section reveal that the total sulfur content of the sample in per cent by mass is less than one-tenth per cent, an operator may sell or provide such aggregate for use in concrete for a period of four years beginning on the date of receipt of such test results and shall not be required to submit a report pursuant to subsection (a) of this section during such period.

(d) If the results of the test conducted pursuant to this section reveal that the total sulfur content of the sample in per cent by mass is equal to or greater than one per cent, an operator shall not sell or provide such aggregate for use in concrete.

(e) If the results of the test performed pursuant to this section reveal that the total sulfur content of the sample in per cent by mass is less than one per cent and equal to or greater than one-tenth per cent and (1) no pyrrhotite is present, an operator may sell or provide such aggregate for use in concrete for a period of one year beginning on the date of receipt of such test results; and (2) pyrrhotite is present, an operator shall not sell or provide such aggregate in a manner inconsistent with the acceptance and use indicated by the results of a petrographic analysis undertaken pursuant to this section or requirement or restriction established by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection pursuant to subsection (f) of this section.

(f) The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, in consultation with the State Geologist, may, if the results of the test performed pursuant to this section reveal that the total sulfur content of the sample in per cent by mass is less than one per cent and equal to or greater than one-tenth per cent and pyrrhotite is present, (1) require the operator of the quarry to conduct additional petrographic and materials testing; and (2) implement restrictions on the sale or use of aggregate from such quarry in concrete.

(g) The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection may adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, to implement the provisions of this section. Such regulations shall include, but not be limited to, definitions for the terms “rapid total sulfur test”, “x-ray fluorescence analysis”, “purge and trap gas chromatography analysis”, “analysis by combustion furnace”, “x-ray diffraction”, “magnetic susceptibility analysis” and “petrographic analysis”.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-134a — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 445 / Section 22a-134a
Sec. 22a-134a. Transfer of hazardous waste establishments: Forms, verification, schedules, audits, approval, notification requirements, orders, exceptions.
Status: in_force

(b) The commissioner may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to implement the provisions of this section.

(c) Prior to transferring an establishment, the transferor shall submit to the transferee a complete Form I or a Form II and, no later than ten days after the transfer, shall submit a copy of such Form I or Form II to the commissioner. The commissioner shall notify the transferor no later than ninety days after the submission of such Form I or Form II if the commissioner deems the Form I or Form II incomplete. If the transferor is unable to submit a Form I or a Form II to the transferee, the transferor shall, prior to the transfer, submit a complete Form III or Form IV prepared and signed by a party associated with the transfer to the transferee and, no later than ten days after the transfer, shall submit a copy of such Form III or Form IV to the commissioner. If no other party associated with the transfer of an establishment prepares and signs the proper form as a certifying party, the transferor shall have the obligation for such preparation and signing.

(d) The certifying party to a Form I, Form II, Form III or Form IV shall (1) upon receipt of a written request from the commissioner, provide to the commissioner copies of all technical plans, reports and other supporting documentation relating to the investigation of the parcel or remediation of the establishment as specified in the commissioner's written request, and (2) simultaneously submit with the submission of a Form I, Form III or Form IV to the commissioner a complete environmental condition assessment form and shall certify to the commissioner, in writing, that the information contained in such form is correct and accurate to the best of the certifying party's knowledge and belief.

(e) Not later than thirty days after receipt of a Form III or Form IV, the commissioner shall notify the certifying party whether the form is complete or incomplete. The certifying party shall use a licensed environmental professional to verify the investigation and remediation, unless not later than seventy-five days after receipt of a complete Form III or IV the commissioner notifies the certifying party, in writing, that review and approval of the remediation by the commissioner shall be required. Any person who submitted a Form III to the commissioner prior to October 1, 1995, may submit an environmental condition assessment form to the commissioner. The commissioner shall, not later than forty-five days after receipt of such form, notify the certifying party whether approval of the remediation by the commissioner will be required or whether a licensed environmental professional may verify that the investigation was performed in accordance with prevailing standards and guidelines and the remediation has been performed in accordance with the remediation standards.

(f) In determining whether review and approval of the remediation by the commissioner will be required, or whether a licensed environmental professional may verify that the remediation has been performed in accordance with the remediation standards, the commissioner shall consider: (1) The potential risk to human health and the environment posed by any discharge, spillage, uncontrolled loss, seepage or filtration of hazardous waste or a hazardous substance at the establishment; (2) the degree of environmental investigation at the parcel; (3) the proximity of the establishment to significant natural resources; (4) the character of the land uses surrounding the establishment; (5) the complexity of the environmental condition of the establishment; and (6) any other factor the commissioner deems relevant.

(g) (1) (A) Except as provided in subsection (h) of this section, the certifying party to a Form III shall, not later than seventy-five days after the receipt of the notice that such form is complete or such later date as may be approved in writing by the commissioner, submit a schedule for the investigation of the parcel and remediation of the establishment. Such schedule shall, unless a later date is specified in writing by the commissioner, provide that the investigation shall be completed within two years of the date of receipt of such notice, remediation shall be initiated not later than three years after the date of receipt of such notice and remediation shall be completed sufficient to support either a verification or interim verification within a time frame set forth in subparagraphs (B) and (C) of this subdivision. The schedule shall also include a schedule for providing public notice of the remediation prior to the initiation of such remediation in accordance with subsection (i) of this section. Not later than two years after the date of the receipt of the notice that the Form III is complete, unless the commissioner has specified a later day, in writing, the certifying party shall submit to the commissioner documentation, approved in writing by a licensed environmental professional and in a form prescribed by the commissioner, that the investigation has been completed in accordance with prevailing standards and guidelines. Not later than three years after the date of the receipt of the notice that the Form III is complete, unless the commissioner has specified a later day in writing, the certifying party shall notify the commissioner in a form prescribed by the commissioner that the remediation has been initiated, and shall submit to the commissioner a remedial action plan approved in writing by a licensed environmental professional in a form prescribed by the commissioner. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the commissioner may determine at any time that the commissioner's review and written approval is necessary and in such case shall notify the certifying party that the commissioner's review and written approval is necessary. Such certifying party shall investigate the parcel and remediate the establishment in accordance with the schedule or the schedule specified by the commissioner.

(B) For a certifying party that submitted a Form III or Form IV before October 1, 2009, when remediation of the entire establishment is complete, the certifying party shall achieve the remediation standards for the establishment sufficient to support a final verification and shall submit to the commissioner a final verification by a licensed environmental professional.

(C) For a certifying party that submits a Form III or Form IV after October 1, 2009, not later than eight years after the date of receipt of the notice that the Form III or Form IV is complete, unless the commissioner has specified a later date in writing, the certifying party shall achieve the remediation standards for the establishment sufficient to support a final or interim verification and shall submit to the commissioner such final or interim verification by a licensed environmental professional. Any such final verification may include and rely upon a verification for a portion of the establishment submitted pursuant to subdivision (2) of this subsection. Verifications shall be submitted on a form prescribed by the commissioner. The certifying party may request a verification or interim verification filing extension. The commissioner shall grant a reasonable extension if the certifying party demonstrates to the commissioner's satisfaction that: (i) Such certifying party has made reasonable progress toward investigation and remediation of the establishment; and (ii) despite best efforts, circumstances beyond the control of the certifying party have significantly delayed the remediation of the establishment.

(D) A certifying party who submits an interim verification shall, until the remediation standards for groundwater are achieved, operate and maintain the long-term remedy for groundwater in accordance with the remedial action plan, the interim verification and any approvals by the commissioner, prevent exposure to the groundwater plume and submit annual status reports to the commissioner.

(E) The certifying party to a Form IV shall submit with the Form IV a schedule for the groundwater monitoring and recording of an environmental use restriction, as applicable.

(2) (A) Notwithstanding the date the Form III or Form IV was submitted, if a certifying party completes the remediation for a portion of an establishment, such party may submit a verification or an interim verification by a licensed environmental professional for any such portion of an establishment. The certifying party shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements of this subsection for that portion of the establishment covered by any such verification or interim verification. If any portion of an establishment for which a verification or interim verification is submitted pursuant to this subdivision is transferred or conveyed or undergoes a change in ownership before remediation of the entire establishment is complete that would not otherwise be subject to the provisions of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i , the certifying party shall provide notice to the commissioner of such transfer, conveyance or change in ownership not later than thirty days after any such transfer, conveyance or change in ownership.

(B) Any certifying party who submits an interim verification for a portion of an establishment on or before December 31, 2014, shall not be required to record any environmental use restriction, in accordance with section 22a-133o , prior to submitting such interim verification, provided such certifying party shall record such environmental use restriction, in accordance with section 22a-133o , on or before September 1, 2015, or a later date as approved, in writing, by the commissioner. If such environmental use restriction is not recorded on or before September 1, 2015, or such later date, such interim verification shall be invalid and shall not be recognized by the commissioner.

(3) (A) The commissioner may conduct an audit of any verification or interim verification submitted pursuant to this section, but shall not conduct an audit of a final verification of an entire establishment submitted pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection after three years have passed since the date of the commissioner's receipt of such final verification unless an exception listed in subparagraph (D) of this subdivision applies. Upon completion of an audit, the commissioner shall send written audit findings to the certifying party and the licensed environmental professional who verified. The three-year time frame for an audit of a final verification of an entire establishment shall apply to such final verifications received by the commissioner after October 1, 2007, and before October 1, 2019.

(B) The commissioner may conduct an audit of any verification or interim verification submitted pursuant to this section, but shall not commence an audit of a final verification of an entire establishment submitted pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection if more than one year has passed since the date of the commissioner's receipt of such final verification unless an exception listed in subparagraph (D) of this subdivision applies. If the commissioner commences an audit of such final verification, the commissioner shall complete such audit not later than three years after the commissioner's receipt of such final verification subject to such audit, unless an exception listed in subparagraph (D) of this subdivision applies. Upon completion of an audit, the commissioner shall send written audit findings to the certifying party and the licensed environmental professional who verified. The one-year time frame for commencing an audit of a final verification of an entire establishment and the three-year time frame for completion of such an audit shall apply to any final verification received by the commissioner on or after October 1, 2019.

(C) The commissioner may request additional information during an audit. If such information has not been provided to the commissioner within ninety days of the commissioner's request for such information or any longer time as the commissioner may determine in writing, the commissioner may either (i) suspend the audit, which for a final verification shall suspend the running of the three-year audit time frame for completing the audit until such time as the commissioner receives all the information requested, or (ii) complete the audit based upon the information provided in the verification before the request for additional information.

(D) The commissioner may commence an audit of a final verification of an entire establishment pursuant to this subdivision after the applicable time frame established in subparagraph (A) or (B) of this subdivision, and need not complete any such audit within three years, if (i) the commissioner has reason to believe that a verification was obtained through the submittal of materially inaccurate or erroneous information, or otherwise misleading information material to the verification or that misrepresentations were made in connection with the submittal of the verification, (ii) a verification is submitted pursuant to an order of the commissioner pursuant to subsection (j) of this section, (iii) any post-verification monitoring, or operations and maintenance, is required as part of a verification and which has not been done, (iv) a verification that relies upon an environmental use restriction was not recorded on the land records of the municipality in which such land is located in accordance with section 22a-133o and applicable regulations, (v) the commissioner determines that there has been a violation of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, or sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i , or (vi) the commissioner determines that information exists indicating that the remediation may have failed to prevent a substantial threat to public health or the environment.

(h) (1) If the commissioner notifies the certifying party to a Form III or Form IV that the commissioner's review and written approval of the investigation of the parcel and remediation of the establishment is required, such certifying party shall, not later than thirty days after the receipt of such notice or such later date as may be approved in writing by the commissioner, submit for the commissioner's review and written approval a proposed schedule for: (A) Investigating the parcel and remediating the establishment; (B) submitting to the commissioner scopes of work, technical plans, technical reports and progress reports related to such investigation and remediation; and (C) providing public notice of the remediation prior to the initiation of such remediation in accordance with subsection (i) of this section. Upon the commissioner's approval of such schedule, such certifying party shall, in accordance with the approved schedule, submit scopes of work, technical plans, technical reports and progress reports to the commissioner for the commissioner's review and written approval. Such certifying party shall perform all actions identified in the approved scopes of work, technical plans, technical reports and progress reports in accordance with the approved schedule. The commissioner may approve in writing any modification proposed in writing by such certifying party to such schedule or investigation and remediation. The commissioner may, at any time, notify such certifying party in writing that the commissioner's review and written approval is not required and that a licensed environmental professional may verify that the remediation has been performed in accordance with the remediation standards.

(2) A certifying party may complete the remediation of a portion of an establishment and request that the commissioner determine that the requirements of this subsection have been satisfied for any such portion of the establishment. If the commissioner determines that any such remediation is complete, the certifying party shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements of this subsection for any such portion of an establishment. Any determination by the commissioner that remediation at the entire establishment has been completed may include and rely upon any determination made pursuant to this subdivision that remediation is complete at a portion of an establishment. If any portion of an establishment for which the commissioner determines that remediation is complete pursuant to this subdivision is transferred or conveyed or undergoes a change in ownership before remediation of the entire establishment is complete that would not otherwise be subject to the provisions of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i , the certifying party shall provide notice to the commissioner of such transfer, conveyance or change in ownership not later than thirty days after any such transfer, conveyance or change in ownership.

(i) The certifying party to a Form III or Form IV shall (1) publish notice of the remediation, in accordance with the schedule submitted pursuant to this section, in a newspaper having a substantial circulation in the area affected by the establishment, (2) notify the director of health of the municipality where the establishment is located of the remediation, and (3) either (A) erect and maintain for at least thirty days in a legible condition a sign not less than six feet by four feet on the establishment, which sign shall be clearly visible from the public highway, and shall include the words “ENVIRONMENTAL CLEAN-UP IN PROGRESS AT THIS SITE. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:” and include a telephone number for an office from which any interested person may obtain additional information about the remediation, or (B) mail notice of the remediation to each owner of record of property which abuts the parcel, at the address for such property on the last-completed grand list of the municipality where the establishment is located.

(j) The commissioner may issue an order to any person who fails to comply with any provision of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i , including, but not limited to, any person who fails to file a form, or files an incomplete or incorrect form or to any person who fails to carry out any activities to which that person agreed in a Form III or Form IV. If no form is filed or if an incomplete or incorrect form is filed for a transfer of an establishment, the commissioner may issue an order to the transferor, the transferee, or both, requiring a filing. The commissioner may also request that the Attorney General bring an action in the superior court for the judicial district of Hartford to enjoin any person who fails to comply with any provision of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i , including, but not limited to, any person who fails to file a form, improperly files a Form I, Form II, Form III or Form IV or the certifying party to a Form III or Form IV to take any actions necessary to prevent or abate any pollution at, or emanating from, the subject establishment. Any person to whom such an order is issued may appeal such order in accordance with the procedures set forth in sections 22a-436 and 22a-437 .

(k) Notwithstanding the exemptions provided in section 22a-134a , nothing contained in sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i shall be construed as creating an innocent landowner defense for purposes of section 22a-452d .

(l) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this section, no person shall be required to comply with the provisions of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i when transferring real property (1) (A) for which a Form I or Form II has been filed for the transfer of the parcel on or after October 1, 1995, or (B) for which parcel a Form III or Form IV has been filed and which has been remediated and such remediation has been approved in writing by the commissioner or has been verified in writing in accordance with this section by a licensed environmental professional that an investigation has been performed in accordance with prevailing standards and guidelines and that the remediation has been performed in accordance with the remediation standards, and (2) at which no activities described in subdivision (3) of section 22a-134 have been conducted since (A) the date of the commissioner's approval of the remediation, (B) the date to which the verification applies, as designated on the form submitted to the commissioner in connection with a Form III or Form IV verification, or (C) the date on which the Form I or Form II was filed.

(m) Failure of the commissioner to notify any party in accordance with the provisions of this section in no way limits the ability of the commissioner to enforce the provisions of sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e , inclusive, and sections 22a-134h and 22a-134i .

(n) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the execution of a Form III or a Form IV shall not require a certifying party to investigate or remediate any release or potential release of pollution at the parcel that occurs after the completion of a Phase II investigation, as defined in the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection's Site Characterization Guidance Document, or from and after the date such Form III or Form IV was filed with the commissioner, whichever is later.

Cited. 223 C. 910; 226 C. 737.

Cited. 27 CA 353; 30 CA 204; 43 CA 113.

Cited. 43 CS 83.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-449c — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446k / Section 22a-449c
Sec. 22a-449c. Underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program. Applications for payment or reimbursement.
Status: in_force

(2) The program shall provide money for reimbursement or payment pursuant to this section and sections 22a-449d to 22a-449i , inclusive, 22a-449p , 22a-449r and 22a-449t , within available appropriations, to responsible parties or parties supplying goods or services, for costs, expenses and other obligations paid or incurred, as the case may be, as a result of releases, and suspected releases, costs of investigation and remediation of releases and suspected releases, and for claims by a person other than a responsible party for bodily injury, property damage and damage to natural resources that have been finally adjudicated or settled with the prior written consent of the commissioner. The commissioner may also make payment to an assignee who is in the business of receiving assignments of amounts approved by the commissioner, but not yet paid from the program, provided the party making any such assignment, using a form approved by the commissioner, directs the commissioner to pay such assignee, that no cost of any assignment shall be borne by the state and that the state and its agencies shall not bear any liability with respect to any such assignment.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section regarding reimbursements of parties pursuant to section 22a-449f and regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-449e , and regardless of when an application for payment or reimbursement from the program may have been submitted to the commissioner, no payment or reimbursement shall be made to any person: (A) For any costs, expenses and other obligations paid or incurred for remediation, including any monitoring to determine the effectiveness of the remediation, of a release to levels more stringent than or beyond those specified in the remediation standards established pursuant to section 22a-133k , except to the extent the applicant demonstrates that it has been directed otherwise, in writing, by the commissioner; (B) for diminution in property value or interest; and (C) for attorneys' fees or other costs of legal representation paid or incurred as a result of a release or suspected release (i) in excess of five thousand dollars to any responsible party, (ii) in excess of ten thousand dollars to any person other than a responsible party, and (iii) by a responsible party regarding the defense of claims brought by another person, except that applications for reimbursement filed on or before June 30, 2005, shall not be subject to the limitations for reimbursement imposed by clauses (i) and (ii) of this subparagraph. In addition, notwithstanding the provisions of this section regarding reimbursements of parties pursuant to section 22a-449f , the responsible party shall bear all costs of the release that are less than ten thousand dollars and all persons shall bear all costs of the release that are more than one million dollars, except that for any such release which was reported to the department prior to December 31, 1987, and for which more than five hundred thousand dollars has been expended by the responsible party to remediate such release prior to June 19, 1991, the responsible party for the release shall bear all costs of such release which are less than ten thousand dollars or more than five million dollars, provided the portion of any reimbursement or payment in excess of three million dollars may, at the discretion of the commissioner, be made in annual payments for up to a five-year period.

(b) (1) If an initial application or request for payment or reimbursement is received by the commissioner before July 1, 2005, no supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement shall be submitted on or after October 1, 2009, regarding costs, expenses or other obligations paid or incurred in response to the release or suspected release noted in any such initial application or request for payment or reimbursement. The provisions of this subdivision shall apply regardless of whether the cost, expense or other obligation was paid or incurred by an applicant before October 1, 2009, and no reimbursement or payment from the program shall be ordered or made by the commissioner regarding any such supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement received on or after the October 1, 2009, deadline established in this subdivision.

(2) If an initial application or request for payment or reimbursement is received by the commissioner on or after July 1, 2005, no supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement shall be submitted more than five years after the date that the initial application or request for payment or reimbursement was received by the commissioner, regarding costs, expenses or other obligations paid or incurred in response to the release or suspected release noted in such initial application or request for payment or reimbursement. The provisions of this subdivision shall apply regardless of whether a cost, expense or other obligation was paid or incurred by an applicant before the expiration of the five-year deadline established in this subdivision and no reimbursement or payment from the program shall be ordered or made by the commissioner regarding any such supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement received by the commissioner after the five-year deadline established in this subdivision.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (i) of section 22a-449f , if the commissioner has not ordered payment or reimbursement on an application or request for payment or reimbursement within six months after having received such application, provided such application is complete, as determined by the commissioner, then six months shall be added to the deadline applicable pursuant to subdivision (1) or (2) of this subsection, provided no more than two years shall be added to the deadline established pursuant to subdivision (1) or (2) of this subsection.

(4) The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to annual groundwater remedial actions, including the preparation of a groundwater remedial action progress report, performed pursuant to subdivision (6) of section 22a-449p . The commissioner may continue to receive applications or requests for payment or reimbursement for such annual groundwater remedial actions and, provided all other requirements have been met, may order payment or reimbursement from the program for such actions.

(c) (1) Any person who has insurance, or a contract or other agreement to provide payment or reimbursement for any costs, expense or other obligation paid or incurred in response to a release or suspected release may submit an application or request seeking payment or reimbursement from the program to the commissioner, provided any such application or request for payment or reimbursement shall be subject to all applicable requirements, including, but not limited to, subdivision (7) of subsection (c) of section 22a-449f .

(2) Any person who at any time receives or expects to receive payment or reimbursement from any source other than the program for any cost, expense, obligation, damage or injury for which such person has received or has applied for payment or reimbursement from the program, shall notify the commissioner, in writing, of such supplemental or expected payment and shall, not more than thirty days after receiving such supplemental payment, repay the program all such amounts received from any other source.

(3) If the commissioner determines that a person is seeking or has sought payment or reimbursement for any cost, expense, obligation, damage or injury from the program and that payment or reimbursement for any such cost, expense, obligation, damage or injury is actually or potentially available to any such person from any source other than the program, the commissioner may impose any conditions the commissioner deems reasonable regarding any amount the commissioner orders to be paid from the program.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-174e — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446c / Section 22a-174e
Sec. 22a-174e. Decommissioning of stage II vapor recovery systems. Pressure decay test of stage I vapor recovery systems. Placement of disabling device.
Status: in_force

(1) “Decommission” means to render inoperable an operational stage II vapor recovery system by (A) permanently disconnecting all above-ground stage II vapor recovery equipment, and (B) sealing all above-ground and below-ground vapor or liquid paths that may release to the ambient air. Decommission does not require removal of below-ground stage II vapor recovery equipment;

(2) “Gasoline dispensing facility” means any site where gasoline is transferred to a motor vehicle from any stationary storage tank with a capacity of two hundred fifty gallons or more;

(3) “Pressure decay test” means an integrity test of the ullage portion of a gasoline storage system, during which such storage system is pressurized, pressure changes are monitored for a specified period of time and the final pressure is compared to an allowable value;

(4) “Stage I vapor recovery system” means a vapor recovery system that prevents the discharge to the ambient air of gasoline vapors while gasoline is transferred between a delivery vehicle and a gasoline dispensing facility; and

(5) “Stage II vapor recovery system” or “stage II vapor recovery equipment” means a vapor recovery system that prevents the discharge to the ambient air of gasoline vapors displaced during the dispensing of gasoline into a motor vehicle fuel tank.

(b) On or before July 1, 2015, the owner of any gasoline dispensing facility shall decommission any installed stage II vapor recovery equipment in accordance with subsection (c) of this section, notwithstanding any requirements in the regulations of Connecticut state agencies adopted by the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection pertaining to stage II vapor recovery systems. On or after June 18, 2013, no owner of any gasoline dispensing facility shall install a stage II vapor recovery system.

(c) Decommissioning of a stage II vapor recovery system shall: (1) Begin after such owner has notified the commissioner of the intent to decommission; (2) be performed in accordance with Section 14 of the 2009 “Recommended Practices for Installation and Testing of Vapor Recovery Systems at Vehicle Refueling Sites” of the Petroleum Equipment Institute; and (3) be completed within one hundred days from initiation, unless the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection grants an extension of time for good cause after a request for such extension by the owner of a gasoline dispensing facility. Such notification shall be made at least thirty days prior to decommissioning on a form prescribed by the commissioner.

(d) The owner of any gasoline dispensing facility with a stage I vapor recovery system annually shall perform a pressure decay test of such system. Such owner shall notify the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection at least seven business days prior to a scheduled test on a form prescribed by the commissioner.

(e) (1) If the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection determines that (A) the owner or operator of any gasoline dispensing facility with a stage I vapor recovery system failed to perform the annual pressure decay test of such vapor recovery system, as prescribed in subsection (d) of this section, or (B) a stage I vapor recovery system is not operating in accordance with regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter, the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection may prevent the use of such system by placing a disabling device onto the dispenser of a gasoline dispensing facility, provided the commissioner shall give the owner or operator of any gasoline dispensing facility with a stage I vapor recovery system that is not operating in accordance with regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter forty-eight hours' notice prior to placing such disabling device onto the dispenser of a gasoline dispensing facility. Except for the purpose of fully correcting any such violation, as described in subdivision (3) of this subsection, no person or municipality shall remove, alter, deface or tamper with any disabling device placed onto the dispenser of a gasoline dispensing facility by the commissioner pursuant to this subdivision.

(2) Not later than two business days after placing a disabling device onto the dispenser of a gasoline dispensing facility pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection, the commissioner shall provide the owner or operator of the affected gasoline dispensing facility with an opportunity for a hearing. Any such hearing shall be limited to a determination of whether any of the violations for which the commissioner took action pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection occurred and whether any such violation is continuing.

(3) A gasoline dispensing facility's dispenser upon which a disabling device is placed pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection shall not be put back into service and shall not be used for dispensing gasoline until each of the violations that caused the disabling device to be placed upon such dispenser is fully corrected to the satisfaction of the commissioner. Not later than twenty-four hours after receipt of notification by the owner or operator of such gasoline dispensing facility that each violation was fully corrected, the commissioner shall determine whether each such violation was fully corrected.

(4) The owner or operator of a gasoline dispensing facility with a violation described in subdivision (1) of this subsection may return such system to service if the commissioner determines that each violation was fully corrected or the owner or operator provides the commissioner with a written affidavit, as described in subdivision (5) of this subsection. The commissioner shall review the corrective actions specified in such affidavit on the day such system is returned to service or the next business day, in the event such day is a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday.

(5) Any affidavit submitted to the commissioner pursuant to subdivision (4) of this subsection shall fully describe all actions taken to fully correct each of the violations that caused a disabling device to be placed upon such system by the commissioner and shall certify that each such violation was fully corrected before such system was returned to service.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-267 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446e / Section 22a-267
Sec. 22a-267. (Formerly Sec. 19-524z). (Note: This section is repealed, effective July 1, 2025.) Powers, fiscal.
Status: in_force

(1) Accept gifts, grants or loans of funds, property or service from any source, public or private, and comply, subject to the provisions of this chapter, with the terms and conditions thereof;

(2) Receive funds from the sale of the bonds or other obligations of municipal and regional authorities and from the sale of obligations of the authority and its real and personal properties;

(3) Receive funds or revenues from the sale of products, materials, fuels and energy in any form derived from the processing of solid waste by systems, facilities and equipment under its jurisdiction, and receive revenues in the form of rents, fees and charges paid by units or agencies of state and local government, and by private persons and organizations, to compensate the authority for the use of its facilities or the performance of its services;

(4) Accept from a federal agency loans or grants for use in carrying out its purposes and enter into agreements with such agency respecting any such loans or grants;

(5) Make loans to any municipal or regional authority or to any person for the planning, design, acquisition, construction, reconstruction, improvement, equipping and furnishing of a waste management project, which loans shall be secured by loan agreements, contracts or any other instruments or agreements with respect to the use of fees and charges, upon such terms and conditions as the authority shall determine reasonable in connection with such loans, including provisions for the establishment and maintenance of reserve funds, and in the exercise of powers granted in this section in connection with the project for any such municipal or regional authority or private person, to require the inclusion in any contract, loan agreement or other instrument, of such provisions for the construction, use, operation and maintenance and the payment of operating and other costs of a project as the authority may deem necessary or desirable, and in connection with the making of such loans, the authority may purchase, acquire and take assignments and the notes and bonds of municipal or regional authorities and persons and receive other forms of security and evidences of indebtedness, and in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter and to assure the payment of the principal and interest of such loans, and in order to assure the payment of the principal and interest on bonds or notes of the authority issued to provide funding for such loans, may attach, seize, purchase, acquire, accept or take title to any project by conveyance, and may sell, lease or rent any such project for a use specified in this chapter;

(6) The directors of the authority may by resolution, in accordance with the provisions and stipulations of this chapter and the authority's general and other bond resolutions, authorize both the segregation of such authority revenues as may at any time be adjudged by said directors to be surplus to the needs of the authority to meet its contractual and other obligations and to provide for its operations or other business purposes, and the equitable redistribution of such segregated surplus revenues to some or all of the users of the system in accordance with applicable provisions of the state-wide solid waste management plan;

(7) (A) In connection with, or incidental to, the issuance or carrying of bonds, or acquisition or carrying of any investment or program of investment, the authority may enter into any contract which the authority determines to be necessary or appropriate to place the obligation or investment of the authority, as represented by the bonds, investment or program of investment and the contract or contracts, in whole or in part, on the interest rate, currency, cash flow, or other basis desired by the authority, including, without limitations, contracts commonly known as interest rate swap agreements, currency swap agreements, forward payment conversion agreements, futures, or contracts providing for payments based on levels of, or changes in, interest rates, currency exchange rates, stock or other indices, or contracts to exchange cash flows or a series of payments, or contracts, including, without limitation, interest rate floors or caps, options, puts or calls to hedge payment, currency, rate, spread, or similar exposure or, contracts for the purchase of option rights with respect to the mandatory or optional tender for purchase or redemption of bonds, notes or other obligations of the authority, which are subject to mandatory or optional tender or redemption, including the issuance of certificates evidencing the right of the owner to exercise such option rights. These contracts or arrangements may also be entered into by the authority in connection with, or incidental to, entering into or maintaining any agreement which secures its bonds, notes or other obligations, subject to the terms and conditions thereof respecting outstanding obligations;

(B) Bonds issued by the authority may be payable in accordance with their terms, in whole or in part, in currency other than lawful money of the United States of America, provided the authority enter into a currency swap or similar agreement for payments in lawful money of the United States of America, which covers the entire amount of the debt service payment obligation of the authority with respect to the bonds payable in other currency, and provided further, that if the term of that agreement is less than the term of the bonds, the authority shall include a best efforts covenant to enter into additional agreements as may be necessary to cover the entire amount of the debt service payment obligation;

(C) In connection with, or incidental to, the issuance or carrying of bonds, notes or other obligations or entering into any of the contracts or agreement referred to in subparagraph (A) of this subdivision, the authority may enter into credit enhancement or liquidity agreements, with payment, interest rate, currency, security, default, remedy and other terms and conditions as the authority determines;

(8) Enter into any contractual arrangement with any person to obtain rights from or in an invention or product, or the proceeds therefrom, or rights to any and all forms of equity instruments, including, but not limited to, common and preferred stock, warrants, options, convertible debentures, limited and general partnership interests and similar types of instruments, in connection with the development or operation of any system, facility or technology based on or related to resources recovery, recycling, reuse, treatment, processing or disposal of solid waste or in connection with the remediation or development of property owned by the authority on July 1, 2001, provided any net revenue to the authority from activities, contracts, products or processes undertaken pursuant to this subdivision shall be distributed so as to reduce the costs of other authority services to the users thereof on a pro rata basis proportionate to costs paid by such users. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subdivision, the authority shall not perform residential or commercial waste collection services in the state other than services permitted under the provisions of this chapter rendered at any landfill, waste disposal, waste transfer or waste processing facility provided the authority may otherwise assist in the exercise of the powers conferred by chapter 103b.

Cited. 193 C. 506.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-26f — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 422 / Section 22-26f
Sec. 22-26f. State Veterinarian.
Status: in_force

(b) The State Veterinarian shall possess and retain during employment a license to practice veterinary medicine in this state. The State Veterinarian shall possess and retain federal accreditation in this state through the United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and shall have not less than three years experience in large animal practice.

(c) The State Veterinarian shall (1) act as the official state epidemiologist for animal and poultry diseases, (2) coordinate state and federal governmental agencies and livestock and poultry producers to control diseases, and (3) administer and guide the development and management of disease control and eradication programs performed by the department. The State Veterinarian shall act as liaison with other units in the department, other state agencies and other officials regarding policies concerning disease control and cruelty to animals and shall supervise the quarantine and disposal of animals and poultry condemned because of disease.

(d) The State Veterinarian may issue orders to prevent the spread of contagious and infectious diseases among animals and poultry and may protect the public from such diseases as may be transmissible to human beings, either directly or through the products of such animals.

(e) The State Veterinarian shall annually issue a list of reportable animal and avian diseases and reportable laboratory findings and amend such list as the State Veterinarian deems necessary. The State Veterinarian shall distribute such list as well as any necessary forms and instructions for use in the reporting of such diseases to each veterinarian licensed in this state and to each diagnostic laboratory that conducts tests on animals or birds in this state.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-236 — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 431 / Section 22-236
Sec. 22-236. License fees. Regulations. Waiver.
Status: in_force

(b) The license fee for each cheese manufacturer shall be two hundred dollars.

(c) The license fee for each dry milk manufacturer shall be two hundred dollars.

(d) The license fee for each store shall be one hundred twenty dollars.

(e) The Commissioner of Agriculture shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

(f) The commissioner may grant a waiver from any fee established in this chapter to any nonprofit organization, as defined in Section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code, upon presentation to the commissioner of adequate proof of the organization's nonprofit status.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-209c — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446d / Section 22a-209c
Sec. 22a-209c. Biomedical waste. Disposal requirements.
Status: in_force

(b) Biomedical waste shall be disposed of as follows:

(1) Chemotherapy waste shall be disposed of only by incineration;

(2) Pathological waste shall be disposed of only by incineration or interment;

(3) Infectious waste shall be disposed of only by (A) incineration; (B) discharge to a sanitary sewer, provided (i) such waste is in liquid or semisolid form, (ii) secondary treatment is available at the publicly owned treatment works or privately owned treatment works to which such waste is discharged, (iii) no municipal ordinance prohibits such discharge, (iv) such permits and other authorizations as are required by law have been obtained for such discharge, and (v) aerosol formation is minimized during such discharge to such sewer; or (C) any other method of decontamination which provides protection of the public health and the environment at least equivalent to that provided by the disposal methods specified in this subdivision and which is first described in writing to the commissioner and approved in writing by the commissioner. Infectious waste which is treated on site in accordance with this subsection shall be regulated as municipal solid waste;

(4) Needles which are specifically used to administer antineoplastic agents shall be handled in accordance with this section or regulations adopted under section 22a-209 for the handling of chemotherapy waste; and

(5) Syringes designed to deliver drugs into the human body in a manner other than injection shall be exempted from the disposal requirements of this section.

(c) No person shall:

(1) Deliver biomedical waste or cause biomedical waste to be delivered to any incinerator, whether located inside or outside of this state, unless such incinerator complies with all applicable law; or

(2) Operate an incinerator in which biomedical waste is burned unless such incinerator complies with all applicable law, including, but not limited to, regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-174 .

(d) Biomedical waste incinerator residue shall be managed as a special waste in accordance with the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-209 .

(e) A steam sterilizer used to decontaminate biomedical waste shall be operated in accordance with the following requirements:

(1) In a gravity flow sterilizer, biomedical waste shall be subjected to a temperature of not less than two hundred fifty degrees Fahrenheit at fifteen pounds per square inch of gauge pressure for no less than sixty minutes.

(2) In a vacuum type sterilizer, biomedical waste shall be subjected to a temperature of not less than two hundred seventy degrees Fahrenheit at twenty-seven pounds per square inch gauge pressure for no less than forty-five minutes.

(3) Notwithstanding subdivisions (1) and (2) of this subsection, a different combination of operational time, temperature and pressure may be utilized for steam sterilization of biomedical waste if such combination is first described in writing to the commissioner and approved in writing by the commissioner. The commissioner shall not grant approval unless such combination is proven on the basis of thorough tests, including tests of its capacity to kill bacillus stearothermophilus and to completely and reliably kill all microorganisms in waste at design capacity.

(4) Biomedical waste shall be steam sterilized in its primary container. The primary container shall be placed in the sterilization chamber so that sufficient space is provided between the chamber walls and the container to allow the steam to penetrate the container. The primary container shall then be unsealed to allow the steam to penetrate the contents of the container.

(5) Unless the steam sterilizer is equipped to continuously monitor and record temperatures during the entire length of each sterilization cycle, the operator of such sterilizer shall affix to the primary container temperature-sensitive tape which indicates when the desired temperature is reached. Biomedical waste shall not be considered decontaminated unless the temperature-sensitive tape indicates that a temperature of at least two hundred fifty degrees Fahrenheit was reached during the sterilization process. A steam sterilizer which is used for the first time after July 1, 1994, shall automatically and continuously monitor and record temperatures throughout the entire length of each steam sterilization cycle.

(6) At least once during every forty hours of operation, tests shall be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the sterilization process, including tests of the capacity of such process to kill bacillus stearothermophilus. A log shall be maintained recording the dates and results of such test.

(7) At least once during every forty hours of operation, a sterilization unit shall be evaluated to determine whether it is operating properly with respect to temperature and pressure. A log shall be maintained recording the dates and results of such evaluations and the dates of calibration.

(8) For each sterilization unit a log shall be maintained recording, for each use, the date, time, operator, type and approximate amount of biomedical waste treated, the sterilization pressure reading and the poststerilization reading on the temperature-sensitive tape.

(f) Sharps shall be physically altered so as to render them unrecognizable in accordance with the regulations adopted pursuant to section 21a-66 .

(g) If biomedical waste is treated or disposed of at the site where it was generated, the generator shall develop written procedures for each treatment or disposal method in use at such site which methods shall be consistent with the provisions of this section and shall ensure compliance with such procedures. Such procedures shall be incorporated into the biomedical waste management plan required by law and shall (1) assure the effectiveness of any treatment method in use and reflect acceptable standards of practice, (2) provide for and conduct an ongoing program of staff training on the implementation of such procedures and the requirements of this section, and (3) provide for a quality assurance program to assure compliance with the biomedical management plan prepared as required by law.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22-36 — Connecticut Code / Title 22 / Chapter 423 / Section 22-36
Sec. 22-36. Culls.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall sell, expose for sale or transport for sale farm products in open or closed packages, if the package containing them or the label on them bears any statement, design or device regarding such farm products which is false or misleading in any particular. No person shall sell or offer for sale or transport for sale in either open or closed packages farm products packed in such manner that the face or shown surface is not an average of the contents of the package.

(c) The Commissioner of Agriculture shall adopt such regulations generally to supplement and give full effect to the provisions of this section, and specifically to regulate the marketing, packing, labeling and shipping of culls, as he deems necessary. Such regulations shall be filed and open for public inspection at the principal office of the Department of Agriculture and shall be published at least once in three newspapers published in this state.

(d) Any person, firm or corporation which violates any provision of this section shall be fined not more than fifty dollars for the first offense and not more than two hundred dollars for each subsequent offense.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-186a — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446c / Section 22a-186a
Sec. 22a-186a. Considerations in issuance of permit.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 22a-6m re review of permit applicant's compliance history.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-509 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446k / Section 22a-509
Sec. 22a-509. Regional water pollution control authorities: Bonding obligations.
Status: in_force

(b) Any constituent municipality may enter into any agreement or agreements with such authority or with any person or persons to whom the proceeds of bonds issued pursuant to sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, have been loaned, for such periods and containing such terms and conditions as the municipality shall determine to be necessary or convenient to aid and cooperate in the planning, undertaking, construction, operation or financing of a wastewater system by such constituent municipality or by an authority, including, but not limited to, the guarantee by such constituent municipality of the punctual payment of all or some of the principal and interest on any bonds issued by an authority and the pledge of the full faith and credit of such constituent municipality to the payment thereof. As part of the guarantee of such constituent municipality for payment of principal and interest on the bonds, such constituent municipality may pledge to and agree with the owners of the bonds issued under sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, and with those persons who may enter into contracts with the authority or any successor agency pursuant to the provisions of sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, that it will not limit or alter the rights thereby vested in the bondowners, the authority or any contracting party until such bonds, together with the interest thereon are fully met and discharged and such contracts are fully performed on the part of the authority, provided nothing contained in sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, shall preclude such limitation or alteration if and when adequate provision shall be made by law for the protection of the owners of such bonds of the authority or those entering into such contracts with the authority. The authority may include this pledge and undertaking of a constituent municipality in such bonds or contracts. To the extent provided in such agreement or agreements, the obligations of such constituent municipality thereunder shall be obligatory upon such constituent municipality and the inhabitants and property thereof. Thereafter such constituent municipality shall appropriate in each year during the term of such agreement, and there shall be available on or before the date when the same are payable, an amount of money which, together with other revenues available for such purpose, shall be sufficient to meet such obligation. Any such agreement shall be valid, binding and enforceable against such constituent municipality if approved by an ordinance adopted by the legislative body of such constituent municipality or such other body as permitted by section 7-157 .

(c) Any authority created pursuant to sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, may enter into long-term contracts or agreements with any municipality or any person or persons for water pollution control services whereby such contracting municipality or person agrees to connect its municipal wastewater facilities with the wastewater system of the authority for wastewater treatment and disposal service and to make payments of fees or charges based on a percentage of actual or projected flow or such other formula as such contract or agreement shall provide. Any such contract or agreement may require the continuation of such payments by such contracting municipality whether or not the agreed services are being provided but only until all bonds issued by any of the contracting parties for development and construction of water pollution control facilities or regional water pollution control facilities have been paid or the payment of such bonds shall have been duly provided for. Such contract may further require or permit one or more of the contracting municipalities to pay obligations of another contracting municipality in the event such other contracting municipality fails to make such payments and to bring appropriate legal action against the defaulting municipality to recover the amounts so paid, together with the costs and expenses of such action. The obligation of a contracting municipality to make payments pursuant to any such agreement shall not be included in the aggregate indebtedness of the contracting municipality for the purposes of any state statutory provision limiting the aggregate indebtedness of the municipality. Any such agreement shall be valid, binding and enforceable against the contracting municipality if approved by the adoption of an ordinance by the legislative body of such contracting municipality or by such other body as permitted by section 7-157 . The municipality may but need not be a member of the authority to execute any agreement under this subsection.

(d) Any constituent municipality may enter into an agreement with the authority for the transfer to the authority, for use in the exercise of its corporate powers and purposes hereunder, of any water pollution control facilities or wastewater system of such constituent municipality as the same then shall be owned by such constituent municipality. Any such agreement may provide for the transfer of title of said facilities or wastewater system by deed, lease or other arrangement to the authority. To the extent it is not inconsistent with sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, any such agreement may impose such limitations or conditions as may be agreed upon with respect to the power thereafter to sell or otherwise dispose of any property acquired pursuant to such agreement and may provide for or authorize the authority to return property no longer required for water pollution control purposes. Notwithstanding the provisions of any other general, special or local law or charter, any action taken by such constituent municipality pursuant to this subsection shall not be subject to referendum. Any such agreement shall set forth the liabilities of such constituent municipality which are contemplated to be paid by the authority from moneys available to it, unless such agreement does not require the authority to assume any such liabilities. Notwithstanding the provisions of any other general, special or local law or charter, any moneys received by any constituent municipality in consideration for the transfer of such water pollution control facilities or wastewater system to the authority may be deposited in the general fund of such constituent municipality and used for any lawful municipal purpose or may be deposited in a special fund for the purpose of paying or redeeming any existing indebtedness issued for water pollution control purposes. A constituent municipality and the authority may make or enter into any contracts, agreements, deeds, leases, conveyances or other instruments as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the purposes of sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, and they shall have the power and authority to do so and to authorize the doing of all things incidental, desirable or necessary to implement the provisions of said sections. Upon the filing by the authority with the clerk of the constituent municipality and the Secretary of the State of a copy of the instruments or documents effectuating the transfer authorized by sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, the authority shall take possession of the water pollution control facilities or wastewater system of the constituent municipality. Any application filed or proceeding heretofore commenced in relation to the water pollution control facility or wastewater system transferred to the authority pending with the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, the Department of Public Health or any other state agency or with the United States Environmental Protection Agency or any other federal agency or instrumentality shall inure to and for the benefit of the authority and be binding upon the authority to the same extent and in the same manner as if the authority had been a party to such application or proceeding from its inception, and the authority shall be deemed a party thereto to the extent not prohibited by any federal law. Any license, approval, permit or decision heretofore or hereafter issued or granted pursuant to or as a result of any such application or proceeding shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the authority and shall be assigned and transferred by the municipality to the authority unless such assignment and transfer is prohibited by federal law. If the municipality has outstanding general obligation bonds issued for acquiring or constructing water pollution control facilities acquired by the authority, whether or not the bonds are also payable from revenues, special assessments or taxes, the municipality may authorize the authority pursuant to the agreement to issue bonds under sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, for the purpose of retiring the outstanding bonds or alternatively, the authority may agree to pay the principal of and interest on such bonds until the obligation of such constituent municipality is discharged. No such agreement under the provisions of this subsection shall be executed until such constituent municipality shall have held a public hearing at which users of the water pollution control system and residents of such constituent municipality shall have had the opportunity to be heard concerning the proposed provisions thereof. Notice of such hearing shall be published at least thirty days in advance in the official newspaper or newspapers of the municipality.

(e) The rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments established by an authority under sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, shall be established so as to provide funds sufficient in each year, with other revenues, if any, available therefore (1) to pay the cost of maintaining, repairing and operating its wastewater system and each and every portion thereof, to the extent that adequate provision for the payment of such cost has not otherwise been made, (2) to pay the principal of and the interest on outstanding bonds of the authority as the same shall become due and payable, (3) to meet any requirements of any resolution authorizing, or trust indenture securing, such bonds or notes of the authority, including coverage requirements, (4) to make agreed upon payments in lieu of taxes, as the same become due and payable, upon the properties of the authority to the municipalities in which such properties are situated, (5) to provide for the maintenance, conservation and appropriate use of the land of the authority, and (6) to pay all other reasonable and necessary expenses of the authority. No such rate, fee, charge, penalty or assessment shall be established until it has been approved by the authority and after the authority has held a public hearing at which all the users of its wastewater system, the owners of property served or to be served and benefited or to be benefited and other interested persons have had an opportunity to be heard concerning such proposed rate, fee, charge, penalty and assessment. The authority shall not approve such rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments unless it finds that such rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments will provide funds in excess of the amounts required for the purposes described previously in this section, or unless it finds that such rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments will provide funds sufficient for such purposes. The rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments so established for any class of user or property served or to be served shall be extended to any additional user or property thereafter benefited or owned which are within the same class, without the necessity of a hearing thereon. Any change in such rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments shall be made in the same manner in which they were established.

(f) All required payments of rates, fees, charges, penalties and assessments, interest on loans, principal of loans and necessary fees and assessments related thereto required under any contract or agreement entered into pursuant to the provisions of this section, shall be considered expenditures for public purposes by a municipality and, notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, any necessary general or special assessments, fees, rates, charges, penalties and assessments or cost sharing or other assessments authorized to be levied, charged or assessed and collected by municipalities within the state or with respect to fees, rates, charges, penalties and assessments by an authority in accordance with sections 22a-500 to 22a-519 , inclusive, may be levied, charged, assessed or collected by said municipality or an authority without limitation as to rate or amount for the purpose of making such required payments.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-904a — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446z / Section 22a-904a
Sec. 22a-904a. Paint stewardship program. Establishment plan. Assessment. Immunity from liability. Sale prohibition. Consumer educational materials. Reports.
Status: in_force

(2) The plan submitted pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection shall: (A) Identify each producer participating in the paint stewardship program and the brands of architectural paint sold in this state covered by the program; and (B) address the coordination of the paint stewardship program with existing household hazardous waste collection infrastructure, as much as is reasonably feasible and mutually agreeable.

(3) The commissioner may approve the plan for the establishment of a paint stewardship program that meets the requirements of subdivisions (1) and (2) of this subsection. Not later than two months after submission of the plan pursuant to this subsection, the commissioner shall make a determination whether or not to approve the plan.

(4) Not later than two months after the date the plan is approved pursuant to subdivision (3) of this subsection, the representative organization shall implement the paint stewardship program.

(b) (1) On or before March 1, 2013, and every two years thereafter, the representative organization shall propose a uniform paint stewardship assessment for all architectural paint sold in this state. Such proposed paint stewardship assessment shall be reviewed by an independent auditor to assure that such assessment does not exceed the costs of the paint stewardship program described in subsection (a) of this section and such independent auditor shall recommend an amount for such paint stewardship assessment to the department. The department shall be responsible for the approval of such paint stewardship assessment. Such independent auditor shall be selected by the department and the department shall be responsible for the review of the work product of such independent auditor, including, but not limited to, the review of such auditor's assessment of the bid and purchase procedures utilized by the representative organization to implement such program. The department may terminate the services of any such independent auditor. Not less than once every five years, the department shall select a different independent auditor to perform the duties described in this subdivision and subdivision (4) of subsection (h) of this section. The cost of any work performed by such independent auditor pursuant to the provisions of this subdivision and subdivision (4) of subsection (h) of this section shall be funded by the paint stewardship assessment.

(2) On and after the date of implementation of the paint stewardship program pursuant to subdivision (4) of subsection (a) of this section, the paint stewardship assessment, as established pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection, shall be added to the cost of all architectural paint sold to retailers and distributors in this state by each producer. On and after such implementation date, each retailer or distributor, as applicable, shall add the amount of such paint stewardship assessment to the purchase price of all architectural paint sold in this state.

(c) Any retailer may participate, on a voluntary basis, as a paint collection point pursuant to such paint stewardship program and in accordance with any applicable provision of law or regulation.

(d) Each producer and the representative organization shall be immune from liability for any claim of a violation of antitrust law or unfair trade practice if such conduct is a violation of antitrust law, to the extent such producer or representative organization is exercising authority pursuant to the provisions of this section.

(e) Not later than the implementation date of the paint stewardship program, the department shall list the names of participating producers and the brands of architectural paint covered by such paint stewardship program on its web site.

(f) (1) On and after the implementation date of the paint stewardship program, no producer, distributor or retailer shall sell or offer for sale architectural paint to any person in this state if the producer of such architectural paint is not a member of the representative organization.

(2) No retailer or distributor shall be found to be in violation of the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection if, on the date the architectural paint was ordered from the producer or its agent, the producer or the subject brand of architectural paint was listed on the department's web site in accordance with the provisions of subsection (e) of this section.

(3) The commissioner may seek civil enforcement of the provisions of this subsection pursuant to chapter 439.

(g) Producers or the representative organization shall provide consumers with educational materials regarding the paint stewardship assessment and paint stewardship program. Such materials shall include, but not be limited to, information regarding available end-of-life management options for architectural paint offered through the paint stewardship program and information that notifies consumers that a charge for the operation of such paint stewardship program is included in the purchase price of all architectural paint sold in this state.

(h) On or before October 30, 2017, and annually thereafter, the representative organization shall submit a report to the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection that details the paint stewardship program. Such report shall include, but not be limited to: (1) A description of the methods used to collect, transport and process postconsumer paint in this state; (2) the volume of postconsumer paint collected in this state; (3) the volume and type of postconsumer paint collected in this state by method of disposition, including reuse, recycling and other methods of processing; (4) the total cost of implementing the program, as determined by an independent financial audit, as performed by the independent auditor described in subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of this section and funded by the paint stewardship assessment; (5) an evaluation of the operation of the program's funding mechanism; and (6) samples of educational materials provided to consumers of architectural paint and an evaluation of the methods used to disseminate such materials.

(i) Not later than January 15, 2015, and biennially thereafter, the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall submit, in accordance with section 11-4a , a report to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to the environment that describes the results of the paint stewardship program and recommends modifications to improve the functioning and efficiency of such program, as necessary.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-191a — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446c / Section 22a-191a
Sec. 22a-191a. Mercury emissions testing program. Sewage sludge incinerator stack testing.
Status: in_force

(b) On or before January 1, 2002, and annually thereafter, the operator of each sewage sludge incinerator in this state shall conduct a stack test for the presence of mercury, metals and hydrocarbons in the air emissions of each such incinerator. Such test shall be conducted, and the results of such test reviewed and reported to the commissioner, in accordance with any procedures established by the commissioner and on any forms prescribed by the commissioner. After reviewing such report, the commissioner may order additional testing to be conducted or additional control measures to be undertaken at the incinerator if the commissioner determines that such testing or measures are necessary and reasonable for the protection of human health or the environment.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-214 — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446d / Section 22a-214
Sec. 22a-214. (Formerly Sec. 19-524h). Commissioner to administer and control funds.
Status: in_force

Cited. 17 CA 17; judgment reversed, see 212 C. 570.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-256c — Connecticut Code / Title 22a / Chapter 446d / Section 22a-256c
Sec. 22a-256c. Recycling of mercuric oxide batteries. Notice by retailers. Disposal. Program for the collection of mercuric oxide batteries at senior citizen centers.
Status: in_force

(1) “Retailer” means a person who engages in the sale of mercuric oxide batteries to a consumer; and

(2) “Wholesaler” means a person who engages in the sale of mercuric oxide batteries to a retailer in this state.

(b) Each retailer shall post a written notice at his place of business which shall advise consumers that used mercuric oxide batteries are hazardous waste requiring separate disposal and that the retailer is required to accept used mercuric oxide batteries from a consumer in accordance with the provisions of this section. The notice shall be posted in a location on or near the display area of such batteries and shall be reasonably prominent in size so as to carry out the provisions of this section.

(c) No retailer shall refuse to accept used mercuric oxide batteries from consumers and no wholesaler shall refuse to accept used mercuric oxide batteries from retailers or consumers. Any mercuric oxide batteries accepted by a retailer or a wholesaler shall be disposed of in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(d) No person shall dispose of a used mercuric oxide battery except by delivery to (1) a retailer, (2) a wholesaler, (3) a manufacturer of mercuric oxide batteries, or (4) a recycling center.

(e) Any person who sells, or offers for sale, hearing aid devices or cameras which utilize mercuric oxide batteries shall provide to any purchaser of such a device a written notice that such device contains a mercuric oxide battery which requires disposal in accordance with this section.

(f) The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, in consultation with the Commissioner of Social Services, shall assist senior citizen centers in the establishment of a program for the collection of mercuric oxide batteries. The program shall provide for the safe disposal and recycling of such batteries and shall provide guidelines for containers suitable for the safe collection and disposal of such batteries.