Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-128a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-128a
Sec. 53a-128a. Credit and debit card crimes. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(a) “Cardholder” or “holder of a card” means the person named on the face of a payment card to whom or for whose benefit the payment card is issued by an issuer or, in the case of a payment card that does not bear that name of a person on its face, the person who lawfully acquired the payment card;

(b) “Credit card” means any instrument or device, whether known as a credit card, as a credit plate, or by any other name, issued with or without fee by an issuer for the use of the cardholder in obtaining money, goods, services or anything else of value on credit;

(c) “Debit card” means any card, code, device or other means of access, or any combination thereof, that is issued or authorized for use to debit an asset account held directly or indirectly by a financial institution and that may be used by the cardholder to obtain money, goods, services or anything else of value, regardless of whether the card, code, device or other means of access, or any combination thereof, is known as a debit card. “Debit card” includes, but is not limited to, cards, codes, devices or other means of access or some combination thereof, commonly known as payroll cards and automated teller machine cards. “Debit card” does not include a check, draft or similar paper instrument, or an electronic representation thereof;

(d) “Digital wallet” means a software application that is used on a computer or other device, including, but not limited to, a mobile device, to store digital forms of one or more payment cards that may be used to obtain money, goods, services or anything else of value;

(e) “Expired payment card” means a payment card that is no longer valid because the term shown on it has elapsed;

(f) “Issuer” means the person that issues a payment card, or its agent duly authorized for that purpose;

(g) “Participating party” means any person or any duly authorized agent of such person, that is obligated by contract to acquire from another person providing money, goods, services or anything else of value, a sales slip, sales draft or instrument for the payment of money, evidencing a payment card transaction, and from whom, directly or indirectly, the issuer is obligated by contract to acquire such sales slip, sales draft, instrument for the payment of money and the like;

(h) “Payment card” means either a credit card or a debit card;

(i) “Receives” or “receiving” means acquiring possession, custody or control;

(j) “Revoked payment card” means a payment card that is no longer valid because permission to use it has been suspended or terminated by the issuer.

See Sec. 54-1d(b) re consolidation of offenses.

A merchant account identification card and a telephone card are within meaning of “credit card”. 246 C. 402.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-161c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-161c
Sec. 53a-161c. Receiving kickbacks: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Receiving kickbacks is a class D felony.

Cited. 229 C. 479.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-174b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-174b
Sec. 53a-174b. Conveyance or use of electronic wireless communication device in correctional institution: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Conveyance or use of an electronic wireless communication device in a correctional institution is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-154 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-154
Sec. 53a-154. Tampering with a juror: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Tampering with a juror is a class D felony.

Cited. 170 C. 601.

Cited. 38 CS 464.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-103a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-103a
Sec. 53a-103a. Burglary in the third degree with a firearm: Class D felony: One year not suspendable.
Status: in_force

(b) Burglary in the third degree with a firearm is a class D felony for which one year of the sentence imposed shall not be suspended or reduced by the court.

Cited. 177 C. 335; Id., 637; 184 C. 215; 190 C. 496; 207 C. 412; 216 C. 282; 219 C. 93.

Cited. 6 CA 24; 14 CA 710; 28 CA 369; 35 CA 714.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-325 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-325
Sec. 53-325. Articles made of gold or alloy; false representations.
Status: in_force

Statute does not apply to sales in another state. 80 C. 510; 81 C. 114.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-29 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-29
Sec. 53a-29. Probation and conditional discharge: Criteria; periods; continuation or termination.
Status: in_force

(b) The court may impose a sentence of conditional discharge for an offense, other than a class A felony, if it is of the opinion that: (1) Present or extended institutional confinement of the defendant is not necessary for the protection of the public; and (2) probation supervision is not appropriate.

(c) When the court imposes a sentence of conditional discharge, the defendant shall be released with respect to the conviction for which the sentence is imposed but shall be subject, during the period of such conditional discharge, to such conditions as the court may determine. The court shall impose the period of conditional discharge authorized by subsection (d) of this section and shall specify, in accordance with section 53a-30 , the conditions to be complied with. When a person is sentenced to a period of probation, the court shall impose the period authorized by subsection (d), (e) or (f) of this section and may impose any conditions authorized by section 53a-30 . When a person is sentenced to a period of probation, such person shall pay to the court a fee of two hundred dollars and shall be placed under the supervision of the Court Support Services Division, provided, if such person is sentenced to a term of imprisonment the execution of which is not suspended entirely, payment of such fee shall not be required until such person is released from confinement and begins the period of probation supervision.

(d) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the period of probation or conditional discharge, unless terminated sooner as provided in section 53a-32 or 53a-33 , shall be as follows: (1) For a class B felony, not more than five years; (2) for a class C, D or E felony or an unclassified felony, not more than three years; (3) for a class A misdemeanor, not more than two years; (4) for a class B, C or D misdemeanor, not more than one year; and (5) for an unclassified misdemeanor, not more than one year if the authorized sentence of imprisonment is six months or less, or not more than two years if the authorized sentence of imprisonment is in excess of six months, or where the defendant is charged with failure to provide subsistence for dependents, a determinate or indeterminate period.

(e) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (d) of this section, the court may, in its discretion, on a case by case basis, sentence a person to a period of probation which period, unless terminated sooner as provided in section 53a-32 or 53a-33 , shall be as follows: (1) For a class C, D or E felony or an unclassified felony, not more than five years; (2) for a class A misdemeanor, not more than three years; and (3) for a class B misdemeanor, not more than two years.

(f) The period of probation, unless terminated sooner as provided in section 53a-32 , shall be not less than ten years or more than thirty-five years for conviction of a violation of section 53a-70b of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 2019, or subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 53-21 or section 53a-70 , 53a-70a , 53a-71 , 53a-72a , 53a-72b , 53a-90a or subdivision (2), (3) or (4) of subsection (a) of section 53a-189a , or section 53a-196b , 53a-196c , 53a-196d , 53a-196e or 53a-196f .

(g) Whenever the court sentences a person, on or after October 1, 2008, to a period of probation of more than two years for a class C, D or E felony or an unclassified felony or more than one year for a class A or B misdemeanor, the probation officer supervising such person shall submit a report to the sentencing court, the state's attorney and the attorney of record, if any, for such person, not later than sixty days prior to the date such person completes two years of such person's period of probation for such felony or one year of such person's period of probation for such misdemeanor setting forth such person's progress in addressing such person's assessed needs and complying with the conditions of such person's probation. The probation officer shall recommend, in accordance with guidelines developed by the Judicial Branch, whether such person's sentence of probation should be continued for the duration of the original period of probation or be terminated. If such person is serving a period of probation concurrent with another period of probation, the probation officer shall submit a report only when such person becomes eligible for termination of the period of probation with the latest return date, at which time all of such person's probation cases shall be presented to the court for review. Not later than sixty days after receipt of such report, the sentencing court shall continue the sentence of probation or terminate the sentence of probation. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 53a-32 , the parties may agree to waive the requirement of a court hearing. The Court Support Services Division shall establish within its policy and procedures a requirement that any victim be notified whenever a person's sentence of probation may be terminated pursuant to this subsection. The sentencing court shall permit such victim to appear before the sentencing court for the purpose of making a statement for the record concerning whether such person's sentence of probation should be terminated. In lieu of such appearance, the victim may submit a written statement to the sentencing court and the sentencing court shall make such statement a part of the record. Prior to ordering that such person's sentence of probation be continued or terminated, the sentencing court shall consider the statement made or submitted by such victim.

(h) For the purposes of this section, a motor vehicle violation for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment of more than one year may be imposed shall be deemed an unclassified felony.

Cited. 170 C. 128; 182 C. 595; 197 C. 337; 198 C. 671; 200 C. 268; 204 C. 52; 210 C. 519; 222 C. 299; 225 C. 46; 229 C. 285.

Cited. 9 CA 686; 12 CA 32; 22 CA 108; 30 CA 416; 32 CA 1; 34 CA 1.

Cited. 37 CS 853; 41 CS 229.

Subsec. (d):

Cited. 37 CA 72. Under 2001 revision, defendant's 10-year probationary period on charge of risk of injury to a child in violation of Sec. 53-21(a)(1) violates this section because the maximum length of probation for such violation is 5 years. 119 CA 98.

Subsec. (e):

Sec. 2 of P.A. 95-142, which expanded probation eligibility factors and increased mandatory probation minimum sentence, did not have retroactive effect. 253 C. 392.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-388a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949 / Section 53-388a
Sec. 53-388a. Unlawful use or possession of scanning device or reencoder. Civil action by Attorney General. Penalties.
Status: in_force

(1) “Scanning device” means a scanner, reader or any other electronic device that is used to access, read, scan, obtain, memorize or temporarily or permanently store information encoded on a computer chip or a magnetic strip or stripe of a payment card.

(2) “Reencoder” means an electronic device that places encoded information from a computer chip or a magnetic strip or stripe of a payment card onto a computer chip or a magnetic strip or stripe of a different payment card or any electronic medium that allows an authorized transaction to occur.

(3) “Payment card” means a credit card, charge card, debit card or any other card that is issued to an authorized card user and that allows the user to obtain, purchase or receive goods, services, money or anything else of value from a merchant.

(4) “Merchant” means a person who receives, from an authorized user of a payment card or from someone the person reasonably believes to be such an authorized user, a payment card or information from a payment card or what the person reasonably believes to be a payment card or information from a payment card, as an instrument for obtaining, purchasing or receiving goods, services, money or anything else of value from the person.

(b) No person shall use a scanning device to access, read, obtain, memorize or temporarily or permanently store information encoded on a computer chip or a magnetic strip or stripe of a payment card without the permission of the authorized user of the payment card and with the intent to defraud the authorized user, the issuer of the authorized user's payment card or a merchant.

(c) No person shall use a reencoder to place information encoded on a computer chip or a magnetic strip or stripe of a payment card onto a computer chip or a magnetic strip or stripe of a different card without the permission of the authorized user of the card from which the information is being reencoded and with the intent to defraud the authorized user, the issuer of the authorized user's payment card or a merchant.

(d) The Attorney General may institute a civil proceeding in Superior Court against any person who violates subsection (b) or (c) of this section.

(e) Any person who violates the provisions of subsection (b) or (c) of this section shall be fined not more than ten thousand dollars and imprisoned not less than one year or more than ten years, or both.

(f) No person shall possess a scanning device or reencoder under circumstances manifesting an intent to use the same in the commission of a violation of subsection (b) or (c) of this section.

(g) Any person who violates subsection (f) of this section shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-289d — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-289d
Sec. 53-289d. Entertainment event ticketing sales systems. Prohibitions. Paperless ticketing systems. Denial of admission to entertainment events. Exclusions. Unfair or deceptive act or practice.
Status: in_force

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection, a person employing such a ticketing sales system may employ a paperless ticketing system that does not allow for independent transferability of tickets, provided the purchaser of such tickets is offered the option, at the time of initial sale, to purchase the same tickets in another form that is transferrable, independent of such a ticketing sales system, including, but not limited to, paper tickets or e-tickets and without additional fees, regardless of the form or transferability of such tickets.

(b) No person shall deny admission to an entertainment event to a ticket holder who possesses a resold ticket to such entertainment event based solely on the grounds that such ticket has been resold.

(c) A person employing an entertainment event ticketing sales system shall provide written secondary market disclosure information to potential ticket purchasers, if applicable.

(d) The provisions of this section shall not apply to: (1) Tickets sold or offered for sale to students of a public institution of higher education for entertainment events held by or on behalf of such institution, or (2) concert or theater venues with seating capacities of not more than three thousand five hundred persons, provided a duly authorized representative of such concert theater or venue has provided written notice to the Commissioner of Consumer Protection of such theater or venue's intent not to comply with the provisions of this section.

(e) A violation of any provision of this section shall constitute an unfair or deceptive act or practice in the conduct of trade or commerce pursuant to subsection (a) of section 42-110b .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-145 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-145
Sec. 53a-145. Unlawfully using slugs in the second degree: Class C misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Unlawfully using slugs in the second degree is a class C misdemeanor.

Cited. 11 CA 161; 12 CA 74.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-167b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-167b
Sec. 53a-167b. Failure to assist peace officer or firefighter: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Failure to assist a peace officer or firefighter is a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 216 C. 820. Section not facially unconstitutional under fourth or fourteenth amendments. 217 C. 73. Cited. 218 C. 483.

Cited. 22 CA 683; 31 CA 443.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-278 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-278
Sec. 53a-278. Money laundering in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Money laundering in the third degree is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-97 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-97
Sec. 53a-97. Custodial interference in the first degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Custodial interference in the first degree is a class D felony.

Cited. 182 C. 353; 226 C. 652. Joint custodian is not inherently immune from criminal prosecution under section solely on basis of his or her status as a joint custodian. 251 C. 656. Language of statute standing alone provided defendant with fair notice of the illegality of his conduct at the time of his actions. 272 C. 762.

Cited. 34 CS 219.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-142b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 941 / Section 53-142b
Sec. 53-142b. Transferral, sale or use of records, tapes, film, cassettes or discs without owner's consent, or supplying machinery for reproduction thereof, prohibited. Exceptions.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall (1) knowingly and wilfully transfer or cause to be transferred any sounds or images, or both, recorded on a phonograph record, disc, tape, audio or video cassette or disc, film or other article on which sounds or images, or both, are recorded, with the intent to sell or cause to be sold, or to use or cause to be used for profit such article without the consent of the owner, or (2) sell or offer for sale or advertise for sale any such article with the knowledge that the sounds or images, or both, thereon have been so transferred without the consent of the owner or (3) offer or make available for a fee, rental or any other form of compensation, directly or indirectly, any equipment or machinery with the knowledge that such equipment or machinery will be used by another to reproduce, without the consent of the owner, any phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, audio or video cassette or disc, film or other article on which sounds or images, or both, may be transferred.

(c) Any person engaging in radio or television broadcasting who transfers or causes to be transferred any such sounds or images, or both, which are intended for, or in connection with, broadcast transmission or related uses or for archival purposes shall be exempt from any provision of subsection (b) of this section.

(d) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-7 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 951 / Section 53a-7
Sec. 53a-7. Effect of intoxication.
Status: in_force

Cited. 172 C. 65; 173 C. 35; 176 C. 224; 178 C. 480. Defendant is entitled, as matter of law, to a theory of defense instruction when evidence under section is before jury. Id., 704. Cited. 184 C. 121; 185 C. 63; 186 C. 414; 189 C. 611; 193 C. 632; 196 C. 341; 198 C. 560; Id., 644; 199 C. 102; 201 C. 190; 204 C. 240; 209 C. 75; 210 C. 481; 212 C. 195; 217 C. 648; 223 C. 41; Id., 273; 234 C. 139.

Cited. 1 CA 260; 6 CA 701; 10 CA 643; 11 CA 122; 16 CA 358; 22 CA 521; 23 CA 315; Id., 502; 24 CA 678; 25 CA 456; 27 CA 73; 35 CA 699; 37 CA 404; 41 CA 361; 44 CA 818. Application of section. 51 CA 345. Trial court did not improperly exclude proffered evidence re defendant's claim of intoxication at time of murder. 91 CA 169. While intoxication is neither a defense nor an affirmative defense to a murder charge, evidence of defendant's intoxication is relevant to negate specific intent which is an essential element of crime of murder; however, intoxication does not automatically negate intent. 95 CA 263.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-303e — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-303e
Sec. 53-303e. More than six days employment in calendar week prohibited. Employee remedies.
Status: in_force

(b) Any employee, who believes that his discharge was in violation of subsection (a) of this section may appeal such discharge to the State Board of Mediation and Arbitration. If said board finds that the employee was discharged in violation of said subsection (a), it may order whatever remedy will make the employee whole, including but not limited to reinstatement to his former or a comparable position.

(c) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be fined not more than two hundred dollars.

Discussion of constitutionality of Sunday closing laws or Blue Laws. 177 C. 304. Former Subsec. (b) did not pass the “clear secular purpose” test of establishment clause scrutiny; decision that former Subsec. (b) is violative of establishment clause does not extend to other provisions of statute. 191 C. 336. Cited. 229 C. 312.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-203 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-203
Sec. 53a-203. Jury trial.
Status: in_force

Cited. 17 CA 326; 40 CA 515.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-64aa — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-64aa
Sec. 53a-64aa. Strangulation or suffocation in the first degree: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall be found guilty of strangulation or suffocation in the first degree and unlawful restraint or assault upon the same incident, but such person may be charged and prosecuted for all three offenses upon the same information. For the purposes of this section, “unlawful restraint” means a violation of section 53a-95 or 53a-96 , and “assault” means a violation of section 53a-59 , 53a-59a , 53a-59b , 53a-59c , 53a-60 , 53a-60a , 53a-60b , 53a-60c , 53a-61 or 53a-61a .

(c) Strangulation or suffocation in the first degree is a class C felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-126a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-126a
Sec. 53a-126a. Criminal trover in the first degree: Class D felony, first offense; class C felony, subsequent offense.
Status: in_force

(b) Criminal trover in the first degree is a class D felony for a first offense and a class C felony for each subsequent offense.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-329 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-329
Sec. 53-329. Products of prison labor. Proceeds from sales credited to industrial fund.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 18-88 re industrial activities in correctional institutions.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-134 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-134
Sec. 53a-134. Robbery in the first degree: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Robbery in the first degree is a class B felony provided any person found guilty under subdivision (2) of subsection (a) shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which five years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

Cited. 172 C. 74; 175 C. 569; 182 C. 511; Id., 595; 185 C. 473; 186 C. 179; 190 C. 822; 196 C. 305; Id., 309; Id., 430; 199 C. 47; Id., 207; Id., 273; Id., 377; Id., 591; 200 C. 310; Id., 465; 201 C. 34; 202 C. 39; Id., 86; 203 C. 494; 204 C. 52; Id., 240; 207 C. 412; 212 C. 31; 214 C. 454; 218 C. 479; 230 C. 109; 231 C. 43; 236 C. 112; 241 C. 413; 242 C. 125; Id., 648. Defendant cannot be convicted of robbery in the first degree when defendant is the owner of the property that he took from another since the state must prove that defendant committed larceny as an element of the crime, and larceny requires that the property be taken from its owner. 317 C. 338.

Cited. 8 CA 545; 9 CA 373; 10 CA 659; 11 CA 699; Id., 709; 12 CA 268; Id., 655; 13 CA 133; Id., 708; 14 CA 472; 15 CA 34; Id., 197; 19 CA 423; 20 CA 521; 22 CA 216; 28 CA 581; judgment reversed, see 226 C. 601; 32 CA 38; 35 CA 201; Id., 839; 36 CA 59; Id., 448; judgment reversed, see 236 C. 342; 38 CA 20; Id., 581; Id., 868; 39 CA 45; 40 CA 250; 41 CA 147; 43 CA 61; Id., 801; 45 CA 32; 46 CA 684; Id., 691. Court cannot properly instruct jury of elements of section without first instructing jury of elements of Sec. 53a-133; sufficiency of evidence to convict defendant as a principal in robbery. 51 CA 541. Jury was within its right to conclude that defendant, armed with dangerous instrument, entered apartment unlawfully with intent to commit a robbery, but once inside, did not do anything which constituted a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in a robbery or that he abandoned his attempt. 87 CA 251.

Subsec. (a):

Subdiv. (2): “Miranda” warning not a ritualistic formula and words which convey its substance are sufficient. 167 C. 309. Cited. 169 C. 242; Id., 683; 170 C. 332. Subdiv. (2): Participation of two persons not necessary, so Wharton's rule is inapplicable. 171 C. 105. Cited. Id., 395; Id., 610; 172 C. 22; Id., 586; 174 C. 16; Id., 129; Id., 142; Id., 452; 175 C. 250. Subdiv. (2): Requirement of weapon's operability is imposed by Sec. 53a-3(6). Id., 569. Subdiv. (4): Essential element of Subsec. is defendant's representation of having a firearm, not the firearm's operability; affirmative defense of inoperability does not violate due process. Id. Cited. 176 C. 239; Id., 367; 177 C. 335; Id., 370; Id., 379; Id., 637; 178 C. 116; Id., 287; Id., 427; Id., 564; Id., 634; Id., 689; 179 C. 46; Id., 576; 180 C. 557. Subdiv. (1): A lesser included offense of felony murder. Id., 599. Cited. 181 C. 237; Id., 388; Id., 426; 182 C. 262; Id., 366; Id., 430; Id., 449; Id., 533; Id., 595; 183 C. 280; 185 C. 163; Id., 260; Id., 402; Id., 607; 186 C. 1; Id., 222; Id., 261; Id., 426; 187 C. 681; 188 C. 372; Id., 406; Id., 432; Id., 515; 189 C. 114; Id., 183; Id., 268; Id., 337; Id., 429; 191 C. 564; Id., 670; 192 C. 618; 193 C. 48; Id., 238; Id., 457; Id., 526; Id., 602; 194 C. 89; 195 C. 183; Id., 326; Id., 444; Id., 552; Id., 567; 196 C. 36; Id., 115; Id., 122; Id., 157. Subdiv. (4): Essential element is the representation by defendant that he has a firearm, not the specific identifying characteristic of the weapon alleged in the information. Id., 395. Cited. Id., 567; Id., 685; 197 C. 106; Id., 115; Id., 413; Id., 629; 198 C. 68; Id., 203; Id., 285; Id., 314; Id., 328; Id., 490; Id., 592; Id., 680; 199 C. 5; Id., 62; Id., 146; Id., 255; Id., 473; 200 C. 9; Id., 44; Id., 350; Id., 523; 201 C. 289; Id., 333; 202 C. 1; Id., 259; Id., 349; 203 C. 81; Id., 159; Id., 445; Id., 506; 204 C. 330; Id., 377; 205 C. 673; 206 C. 40; Id., 621; Id., 657; 207 C. 152; Id., 323; Id., 619; 208 C. 38; Id., 202; Id., 365; 209 C. 416; Id., 458; 210 C. 199; 211 C. 18; Id., 398; 212 C. 6; Id., 387; 213 C. 422; 214 C. 38. Subdiv. (4): Judgment of Appellate Court in 19 CA 111 reversed. 215 C. 538. Cited. Id., 695; 216 C. 282; Id., 367; Id., 801; 217 C. 419; 218 C. 85; Id., 151; Id., 432; 219 C. 93; Id., 269; Id., 489; 220 C. 385; Id., 652; 221 C. 447; Id., 643; 222 C. 117; 223 C. 243; Id., 299; Id., 595; Id., 635; 224 C. 711; 225 C. 270; 226 C. 601; 227 C. 363; 228 C. 234; Id., 384; 230 C. 351; Id., 686; 232 C. 455; Id., 691; Id., 707; 233 C. 44; 235 C. 67; Id., 402; Id., 748; Id., 802; 236 C. 342; 238 C. 784; 239 C. 235; 240 C. 317; 241 C. 1; Id., 165; Id., 322; 242 C. 93; Id., 296; 247 C. 662. Subdiv. (4): Because there were two separate and distinct transactions, defendant could be convicted of attempted robbery in the first degree and robbery in the first degree without offending the prohibition on double jeopardy. 299 C. 640. Defendant may properly be convicted of and punished for the crimes of felony murder with the predicate offense of robbery, and the crime of robbery in the first degree under Subdiv. (1) without violating the prohibition against double jeopardy. 302 C. 287.

Cited. 1 CA 584; Id., 642; Id., 697; 2 CA 127; 6 CA 247; Id., 697; 7 CA 1; Id., 27; Id., 95; Id., 149; Id., 217; Id., 445; Id., 503; Id., 528; Id., 715; Id., 726; 8 CA 119; Id., 399; Id., 454; Id., 467; Id., 491; Id., 566; Id., 667; 9 CA 79; Id., 275; Id., 313; Id., 548; Id., 587; Id., 648; 10 CA 50; Id., 103; Id., 330; Id., 404; Id., 474; Id., 624; Id., 643; 11 CA 80; Id., 397; 12 CA 163; Id., 217; Id., 662; 13 CA 76; Id., 554; 14 CA 67; Id., 108; Id., 463; Id., 493; Id., 657; 15 CA 161; Id., 416; Id., 502; Id., 539; Id., 586; 16 CA 38; Id., 206; Id., 284; Id., 390; Id., 402; 17 CA 50; Id., 359; Id., 490; Id., 648; 19 CA 111; judgment reversed, see 215 C. 53; Id., 179; Id., 554; Id., 695; 20 CA 27; Id., 212; Id., 467; Id., 513; Id., 643; Id., 665; 21 CA 48; Id., 244; Id., 299; 22 CA 98; Id., 329; 24 CA 27; judgment reversed, see 220 C. 652; Id., 152; Id., 316; Id., 518; Id., 729; 25 CA 104; Id., 255; Id., 565; Id., 646; 26 CA 114; Id., 242; 27 CA 601; Id., 654; 28 CA 64; Id., 161; Id., 402; Id., 444; Id., 474; Id., 612; Id., 645; Id., 721; 29 CA 207; Id., 274; Id., 421; Id., 679; 30 CA 68; 31 CA 614; Id., 614; Id., 660; 32 CA 21; Id., 193; Id., 476; 33 CA 143; Id., 184; Id., 288; Id., 311; Id., 457; Id., 468; Id., 849; 34 CA 223; Id., 261; Id., 610; 35 CA 279; Id., 699; Id., 740; Id., 781. Subdiv. (3): Robbery in the second degree pursuant to Sec. 53a-135(a)(1) is not a lesser included offense of robbery in the first degree pursuant to this section. Id., 839. Cited. 36 CA 401; Id., 556; Id., 718; Id., 831; 37 CA 35; Id., 219; Id., 482; Id., 589; Id., 619; Id., 672; Id., 733; 39 CA 63; Id., 82; Id., 384; Id., 478; Id., 502; Id., 579; Id., 617; Id., 840; 40 CA 21; Id., 328; Id., 526; 41 CA 47; Id., 391; Id., 515; Id., 695; 42 CA 472; Id., 669; Id., 810; 43 CA 142; 44 CA 26; Id., 280; Id., 476; Id., 561; 45 CA 6; Id., 270; Id., 390; Id., 658. A showing that victim had custody or control over appropriated property is sufficient to support a charge of larceny; testimony of sole witness sufficient to establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt. 49 CA 486. Subdiv. (3) requires that evidence show either actual use of a dangerous instrument or its threatened use, demonstrated by either an actual display or words combined with an overt display of the threatened instrument. 71 CA 585. Court's failure to instruct jury on the affirmative defense of inoperability of gun involved in the incident at issue, as provided for in text of statute relative to charge of robbery in the first degree, constituted plain error and violated defendant's constitutional right to fair trial. Id., 865. Subdiv. (3) requires use or threatened use of a dangerous instrument. 81 CA 367. Evidence was sufficient to sustain a conviction under Subdiv. (4). 83 CA 489. Subdiv. (4): There is no statutory monetary value of stolen property included as element of robbery in the first degree. 86 CA 507. Trial court did not err in permitting state to file an amended information charging defendant with robbery in the second degree in violation of Sec. 53a-135(a)(2) after trial had commenced in matter where defendant had originally been charged with robbery in the first degree in violation of Subdivs. (2), (3) and (4); because amended information charged lesser included offenses included within offenses that were charged in the original information, no due process violation arose. 87 CA 750. Proof beyond a reasonable doubt does not mean proof beyond all possible doubt; while every element must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt in order to find defendant guilty of the charged offense, each of the basic and inferred facts underlying the conclusion need not be proved beyond a reasonable doubt. 93 CA 257. Subdiv. (4): Defendant's statement to victim that she “wouldn't get hurt” if she did what she was told to do, combined with victim's testimony that defendant was holding something under his jacket and pointing it in her direction, provided sufficient evidence to support defendant's conviction of robbery in the first degree. Id., 650. Subdiv. (4): Defendant need only represent by his words or conduct that he possesses a firearm, and need not actually possess a firearm, to be convicted under Subdiv. 141 CA 814. Subdiv. (1): The act of punching victim in the jaw provided sufficient evidence to satisfy statutory requirement of intent to cause the victim serious injury. 154 CA 271. No constitutional violation against defendant's right not to be placed in double jeopardy exists for convictions under Subdivs. (1) and (3) because a charge under Subdiv. (1) is a separate and distinct offense from a charge under Subdiv. (3). 170 CA 254. Subdiv. (2): Conviction as accessory to attempted robbery in the first degree does not require state to demonstrate that accused intended for an accomplice to possess a deadly weapon. 184 CA 24. Section provides for both principal and accessorial liability, therefore a jury instruction regarding accessory liability with regard to robbery in the first degree is unnecessary. 192 CA 68. Subdiv. (4): The state's burden of proof is not to demonstrate that a reasonable person believed that a perpetrator possessed a handgun, but that the perpetrator represented that he had or would use a gun. 218 CA 31.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-42 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-42
Sec. 53a-42. Fines for misdemeanors.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 53a-36 re terms of imprisonment for misdemeanors.

See Sec. 54-74 re remission of fine.

Cited. 178 C. 145; 180 C. 557; 217 C. 73.

Cited. 8 CA 607; 9 CA 686; 32 CA 656; judgment reversed in part, see 232 C. 345.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-98 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-98
Sec. 53a-98. Custodial interference in the second degree: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Custodial interference in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 226 C. 652. Language of statute standing alone provided defendant with fair notice of the illegality of his conduct at the time of his actions. 272 C. 762.

Subsec. (a)(3): Legislature intended “refuses to return” to include, at its core, a person who has declined a demand to send back a child to his or her lawful custodian, and this language provides clear notice that it encompasses the behavior of a person who either affirmatively declines to return a child to his or her lawful custodian or declines to take any affirmative steps to return a child to the lawful custodian upon the custodian's request. 197 CA 675; judgment affirmed, see 345 C. 44.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-94a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-94a
Sec. 53a-94a. Kidnapping in the second degree with a firearm: Class B felony: Three years not suspendable.
Status: in_force

(b) Kidnapping in the second degree with a firearm is a class B felony for which three years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

Cited. 188 C. 697; 200 C. 523; 201 C. 115; 207 C. 412; 210 C. 110; 211 C. 672; 216 C. 282.

Cited. 9 CA 648; 46 CA 741. Although defendant did not physically restrain victim during her confinement, his threat against victim's life while armed with deadly weapon was evidence from which jury could reasonably infer that defendant possessed specific intent to prevent victim's liberation; defendant could not prevail on argument that section is unconstitutionally vague for failing to provide notice that any restraint of victim, even for a very brief time, could constitute the crime of kidnapping; case is not one of the rare cases where the restraint is so minimal or limited in time as to warrant a finding of unconstitutional vagueness. 133 CA 514.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-206c — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-206c
Sec. 53-206c. Sale, carrying and brandishing of facsimile firearms prohibited. Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(1) “Facsimile of a firearm” means (A) any nonfunctional imitation of an original firearm which was manufactured, designed and produced since 1898, or (B) any nonfunctional representation of a firearm other than an imitation of an original firearm, provided such representation could reasonably be perceived to be a real firearm. Such term does not include any look-a-like, nonfiring, collector replica of an antique firearm developed prior to 1898, or traditional BB. or pellet-firing air gun that expels a metallic or paint-contained projectile through the force of air pressure.

(2) “Firearm” means firearm as defined in section 53a-3 .

(b) No person shall give, offer for sale or sell any facsimile of a firearm. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to any facsimile of a firearm, which, because of its distinct color, exaggerated size or other design feature, cannot reasonably be perceived to be a real firearm.

(c) Except in self defense, no person shall carry, draw, exhibit or brandish a facsimile of a firearm or simulate a firearm in a threatening manner, with intent to frighten, vex or harass another person.

(d) No person shall draw, exhibit or brandish a facsimile of a firearm or simulate a firearm in the presence of a peace officer, firefighter, emergency medical technician or paramedic engaged in the performance of his duties knowing or having reason to know that such peace officer, firefighter, emergency medical technician or paramedic is engaged in the performance of his duties, with intent to impede such person in the performance of such duties.

(e) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-296 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-296
Sec. 53a-296. Vendor fraud in the sixth degree: Class C misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Vendor fraud in the sixth degree is a class C misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-33 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-33
Sec. 53a-33. Termination of probation or conditional discharge.
Status: in_force

Cited. 165 C. 73; 170 C. 128; 219 C. 752; 222 C. 299; 225 C. 46.

Cited. 9 CA 686; 32 CA 1; 34 CA 1; 36 CA 440.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-86 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-86
Sec. 53a-86. Promoting prostitution in the first degree: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Promoting prostitution in the first degree is a class B felony. Any person found guilty under subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which nine months of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court and shall be fined fifteen thousand dollars.

Cited. 185 C. 199; 191 C. 453; 199 C. 47.

Sentencing under both risk of injury and promoting prostitution statutes not a double jeopardy violation. 53 CA 627.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-183b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-183b
Sec. 53a-183b. Interfering with an emergency call: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Interfering with an emergency call is a class A misdemeanor.

See Sec. 53-210 re refusal to relinquish party line when needed for emergency call.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-170 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-170
Sec. 53a-170. Escape in the second degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Escape in the second degree is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-190 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-190
Sec. 53a-190. Bigamy: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) It shall be an affirmative defense to the charge of bigamy that at the time of the subsequent marriage or purported marriage: (1) The actor reasonably believed, based on persuasive and reliable information, that the prior spouse was dead; or (2) a court had entered a judgment purporting to terminate or annul any prior disqualifying marriage and the actor did not know that such judgment was invalid; or (3) the single person did not know that the other person was legally married.

(c) Bigamy is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-133 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-133
Sec. 53a-133. Robbery defined.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 53a-119 for definition of “larceny”.

Defendant's ability to carry out threat of immediate physical force is not essential element of robbery. 175 C. 569. Cited. 176 C. 239; 178 C. 689; 179 C. 576; 180 C. 599; 181 C. 388; 182 C. 430; Id., 449; 183 C. 299; 185 C. 402; 189 C. 114; 190 C. 822; 195 C. 567; 196 C. 122; Id., 395; 199 C. 207; 201 C. 289; Id., 489; 202 C. 349; 206 C. 621; Id., 657; 209 C. 564; 210 C. 652; 211 C. 398; 212 C. 31; 216 C. 367; 219 C. 489; 223 C. 243; Id., 595; 225 C. 270; Id., 347; 230 C. 183; 232 C. 455; 233 C. 44; 235 C. 748; 241 C. 322; 242 C. 523; Id., 666. Use of force considered to be in course of robbery or attempted robbery within meaning of statute if it occurs during continuous sequence of events surrounding the taking or attempted taking, even though some time immediately before or after. 248 C. 472. A larceny by false pretenses that precedes the use of force can satisfy the larceny element of robbery under section if the force is used in order to retain the property immediately after the taking. 340 C. 447.

Cited. 1 CA 642; 8 CA 545; Id., 620; 9 CA 373; 10 CA 330; Id., 474; 12 CA 163; 13 CA 420; 19 CA 111; judgment reversed, see 215 C. 538; Id., 423; Id., 554; Id., 695; 20 CA 27; Id., 513; 21 CA 299; 24 CA 27; judgment reversed, see 220 C. 652; 25 CA 104; Id., 646; 27 CA 601; 28 CA 161; Id., 612; Id., 721; 31 CA 47; 32 CA 193; 33 CA 184; judgment reversed, see 232 C. 707; Id., 311; 34 CA 223; 35 CA 699; Id., 839; 36 CA 401; 38 CA 531; Id., 581; 39 CA 63; Id., 478; Id., 579; Id., 617; 41 CA 147; Id., 255; Id., 584; 43 CA 801; 44 CA 307; 45 CA 6; 46 CA 616; Id., 691; Id., 778. Term “purpose” is synonymous with the terms “object” and “intent”; completion of crime not required for conviction under section. 51 CA 541. Knife with a 6-inch blade displayed by defendant during a robbery was capable of causing death or serious physical injury and constituted a “dangerous instrument” and defendant, by his actions, demands for the money and manner of carrying the knife, used or threatened to use it during the robbery. 82 CA 823. Words in common usage can satisfy requirement of threat if jury could reasonably have inferred those words to mean “threat”. 93 CA 257. Defendant's actions in keeping victim's ATM card and the money and ordering victim out of vehicle at gun point were sufficient to constitute the “deliver up” of property within meaning of Subdiv. (2). 102 CA 532.

Cited. 41 CS 525.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-196b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-196b
Sec. 53a-196b. Promoting a minor in an obscene performance: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) For purposes of this section, “knowingly” means having general knowledge of or reason to know or a belief or ground for belief which warrants further inspection or inquiry as to (1) the character and content of any material or performance which is reasonably susceptible of examination by such person and (2) the age of the minor employed.

(c) Promoting a minor in an obscene performance is a class B felony.

Evidence, which included videos that did not depict a prohibited sexual act as defined in Sec. 53a-193(3) but served as corroboration of activities described in victim's testimony, was sufficient to sustain conviction of promoting a minor in an obscene performance. 308 C. 274.

Cited. 28 CA 91.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-119b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-119b
Sec. 53a-119b. Using motor vehicle or vessel without owner's permission. Interfering or tampering with a motor vehicle. First offense: Class A misdemeanor. Subsequent offense: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) A person is guilty of using a vessel, as defined in section 15-127 , without the owner's permission when: (1) He operates or uses, or causes to be operated or used, any vessel unless he has the consent of the owner; or (2) he obtains the consent of the owner to the use of his vessel by fraud or fraudulent means, statement or representations.

(c) A person is guilty of interfering or tampering with a motor vehicle when: (1) He puts into motion the engine of any motor vehicle while it is standing without the permission of the owner except that a property owner or his agent may remove any motor vehicle left without authorization on such owner's property in accordance with section 14-145 ; or (2) with intent and without right to do so, he damages any motor vehicle or damages or removes any of its parts or components.

(d) Using a motor vehicle or a vessel without the owner's permission or interfering or tampering with a motor vehicle is a class A misdemeanor for a first offense and a class D felony for each subsequent offense.

Cited. 195 C. 567; 206 C. 657; 231 C. 195.

Cited. 10 CA 361; 14 CA 119; Id., 169; 21 CA 645; 25 CA 181; 26 CA 165; 27 CA 49; 32 CA 483; 36 CA 364; 37 CA 276; 39 CA 1; 43 CA 613; 45 CA 369.

Cited. 37 CS 901; 43 CS 211.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-167 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-167
Sec. 53a-167. Hindering prosecution in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Hindering prosecution in the third degree is a class D felony.

Cited. 205 C. 17.

Cited. 1 CA 540; 30 CA 712.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-181 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-181
Sec. 53a-181. Breach of the peace in the second degree: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Breach of the peace in the second degree is a class B misdemeanor.

Cited. 190 C. 371; 191 C. 433; 194 C. 347; 195 C. 668; 205 C. 456; 217 C. 73; 237 C. 613; Id., 633; 243 C. 115.

Cited. 3 CA 410; 6 CA 334; Id., 407; 9 CA 255; 10 CA 499; 12 CA 74; Id., 306; Id., 481; 13 CA 139; 14 CA 6; Id., 10; Id., 548; 15 CA 641; 17 CA 234; Id., 339; 26 CA 157; 28 CA 344; 29 CA 683; 36 CA 135. Statute found not to be unconstitutionally vague on its face and not to be overbroad. 56 CA 264.

Cited. 33 CS 93; 34 CS 548. Obscene gesture must be erotic in a significant way and must appeal to prurient interest in sex or portray sex in patently offensive way. Id., 575. Not unconstitutionally vague or overly broad. 35 CS 587. Cited. 36 CS 89; Id., 609. Whether defendant's vituperations addressed to the police officer constituted breach of the peace under statute discussed. 38 CS 349. Cited. 39 CS 359; 43 CS 46.

Notice of conduct to be precise; history prior to penal code. 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 667. Cited. Id., 751, 752.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 198 C. 43; 214 C. 378; 227 C. 153; 233 C. 903. Subdiv. (1): Does not require proof of actual physical contact on part of defendant with a victim; when applied to speech, parameters of the violent, threatening or tumultuous behavior prohibited by section are consistent with “fighting words”; judgment of Appellate Court in 36 CA 625 reversed. 237 C. 613. Subdiv. (3): To avoid invalidation on grounds of overbreadth, judicial gloss adopted that when a police officer is the only person upon whose sensibilities the inflammatory language could have played, a conviction can be supported only for extremely offensive behavior supporting an inference that the actor wished to provoke the policeman to violence. 265 C. 145. Subdiv. (3): Statements made that “more of what happened to your son is going to happen to you” and “I'm going to be there to watch it happen”, when spoken to one whose son had suffered serious physical injuries, did not constitute a true threat due to subsequent apology and lack of other animosity between the parties; to ensure that only serious expressions of an intention to commit an act of unlawful violence are punished, as the first amendment requires, state must do more than demonstrate that a statement could be interpreted as a threat. 313 C. 434. Evidence sufficient to support finding that defendant intended to “inconvenience, [annoy] or alarm” victim by posting victim's diary entries on Facebook even though victim was not invited by defendant to view the posts. 321 C. 688.

Subdiv. (5): This part of statute is confined to language which constitutes “fighting” words and defendant's repeated vile, racist and threatening epithets were of such a nature. 1 CA 669. Cited. Id., 709. Statute meets requirements of fair notice to defendant. 6 CA 407. Cited. 14 CA 440; 27 CA 103; 36 CA 625; judgment reversed, see 237 C. 613; 37 CA 500; judgment reversed in part, see 237 C. 633; 38 CA 306; 41 CA 847. The distinction that may be drawn between the “fighting words” as contemplated under Subdiv. (1) and those under Subdiv. (5) can be found under the totality of the circumstances which gives rise to the words; Subdiv. (1) proscribes fighting words uttered in a violent, tumultuous or threatening manner, whereas Subdiv. (5) proscribes fighting words that tend to induce immediate violence by the person or persons to whom the words are uttered because of their raw effect; the core meaning of Subdiv. (5) remains intact–fighting words may arise in different contexts not confined to abusive or obscene language–and is not unconstitutionally vague. 78 CA 98. There is no indication that legislature did not intend to create separate crimes prohibited by this section and Sec. 53a-62(a)(2). 81 CA 248. Subdiv. (1): Defendant engaged in fighting or violent or tumultuous behavior with intent to cause annoyance, alarm and inconvenience by spitting on victim's face because spitting is an unsanitary act, likely to spread potentially deadly disease and is almost universally regarded as contemptuous, is calculated to incite others to act in retaliation and actual physical contact of defendant with victim is not required. 102 CA 551. Defendant's statement that “you better watch yourself” to staff after exiting day-care center did not meet “fighting words” or “true threat” exceptions to first amendment speech protections justifying revocation of probation for committing breach of the peace under section. 183 CA 354; judgment reversed, see 183 C. 354. Subdiv. 1: Does not cover commercial settings that are not open to the public. 200 CA 401.

Cited. 38 CS 581; 39 CS 504.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-252 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-252
Sec. 53a-252. Computer crime in the first degree: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Computer crime in the first degree is a class B felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-72a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-72a
Sec. 53a-72a. Sexual assault in the third degree: Class D or C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Sexual assault in the third degree is a class D felony or, if the victim of the offense is under sixteen years of age, a class C felony.

See chapter 968a re address confidentiality program.

See Sec. 53a-40c re sentence of psychological counseling for sexual assault of minor.

See Sec. 54-86f re admissibility of evidence of prior sexual conduct.

Cited. 175 C. 315; 186 C. 45; 187 C. 216; 191 C. 604; 192 C. 154; 194 C. 258; 199 C. 121; 205 C. 352; Id., 386; 207 C. 403; 214 C. 89; 224 C. 656; 240 C. 743. Statute encompasses adopted relatives. 258 C. 779.

Cited. 1 CA 724; 3 CA 374; 6 CA 15; 9 CA 631; judgment reversed, see 205 C. 352; Id., 648; 10 CA 591; 11 CA 102; 12 CA 585; 35 CA 173; 43 CA 715; 46 CA 741. Evidence was sufficient to support conviction and court properly instructed jury on element of intent for conviction of sexual assault in the third degree. 81 CA 189.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 198 C. 147; 205 C. 27; 209 C. 416; 210 C. 244; 211 C. 18; 220 C. 400; 224 C. 397; 225 C. 519; 229 C. 580; Id., 557; 233 C. 502; 237 C. 284; Id., 576; Id., 694. Court's failure to define “knowledge” or to explain how it pertains to charge of sexual assault in the third degree did not violate defendant's due process rights where jury instructions, viewed as a whole, adequately informed jury of the elements of the crime. 258 C. 779. Subdiv. (2) does not violate equal protection clause of federal constitution because it applies equally to both opposite sex and same sex intercourse when individuals are related within certain degrees of kindred. 285 C. 528.

Cited. 2 CA 333; 11 CA 236; 12 CA 221; 14 CA 244; 18 CA 273; Id., 694; 20 CA 530; 23 CA 221; Id., 564; judgment reversed in part, see 200 C. 400; 25 CA 653; judgment reversed, see 223 C. 52; Id., 725; 26 CA 395; 29 CA 724; 30 CA 281; 32 CA 217; judgment reversed, see 229 C. 580; 33 CA 743; judgment reversed, see 233 C. 502; 36 CA 228; 38 CA 100; Id., 762; 39 CA 657; Id., 742; 41 CA 139; Id., 287; 43 CA 578; 45 CA 756. Subdiv. (2) violates guarantees of equal protection because it proscribes heterosexual, but not homosexual, intercourse between kindred persons, and no rational basis exists for such distinction. 94 CA 667; judgment reversed, see 285 C. 498. Subdiv. (2): Jury instructions were proper as to essential element of sexual assault in the third degree when trial court directed jury to consider admission made by defendant that he was the stepfather of the victim. 110 CA 181. Subdiv. (2): Court could reasonably have found sufficient evidence to satisfy penetration element of sexual assault where both the child and defendant were wearing underwear. 148 CA 378.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-84 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-84
Sec. 53a-84. Defenses barred.
Status: in_force

(b) In any prosecution for soliciting sexual acts in violation of section 53a-83 promoting prostitution in violation of section 53a-86 , 53a-87 or 53a-88 or permitting prostitution in violation of section 53a-89 , it shall be no defense that the person engaging or agreeing to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee could not be prosecuted for a violation of section 53a-82 on account of such person's age.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-160 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-160
Sec. 53a-160. Commercial bribery: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Commercial bribery is a class D felony.

Cited. 14 CA 236.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-289b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-289b
Sec. 53-289b. Ticket resellers. Conditions. Refunds. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(b) A person who resells a ticket pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall provide the purchaser of such ticket with such ticket reseller's name, address and telephone number or other information necessary to allow such purchaser to contact such ticket reseller to obtain a refund of the ticket price, if necessary.

(c) A violation of subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of this section or of subsection (b) of this section is a class B misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-141 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-141
Sec. 53a-141. Criminal simulation: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Criminal simulation is a class D felony.

Cited. 11 CA 161; 47 CA 1.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-157b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-157b
Sec. 53a-157b. (Formerly Sec. 53a-157). False statement: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) False statement is a class A misdemeanor.

Annotations to former section 53a-157:

Cited. 186 C. 265; 200 C. 310; Id., 743; 221 C. 93; 227 C. 1; 238 C. 588.

Cited. 6 CA 143; 9 CA 686; 28 CA 733; 34 CA 694; 35 CA 714; 36 CA 556.

Cited. 38 CS 340; Id., 695; 40 CS 145.

Annotations to present section:

Cited. 233 C. 527; 235 C. 679.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-340a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-340a
Sec. 53-340a. Solicitation of clients, patients or customers for persons or entities providing legal or health care services.
Status: in_force

(1) “Provider” means an attorney, a health care professional, as defined in section 19a-12a , a person who owns or operates a business or entity that provides legal or health care services, a person who, by such person's representations, creates a reasonable belief that such person or such person's practice, business or entity can provide legal or health care services or a person employed by or acting on behalf of any of such persons;

(2) “Public media” means telephone directories, professional directories, newspapers and other periodicals, radio, television, billboards and mailed or electronically transmitted written communications that do not involve in-person contact with a specific prospective client, patient or customer; and

(3) “Runner” means an individual who, for a pecuniary benefit, procures or attempts to procure a client, patient or customer at the direction of, request of or in cooperation with a provider whose purpose is to seek to obtain benefits under an insurance contract or assert a claim against an insured or an insurance company for providing services to the client, patient or customer, or to obtain benefits under or assert a claim against a state or federal health care benefits program or prescription drug assistance program, except that “runner” does not include (A) an individual who procures or attempts to procure a client, patient or customer for a provider through public media, (B) an individual who refers a prospective client, patient or customer to a provider as otherwise authorized by law, (C) an individual who facilitates, presents or speaks at a meeting, program or seminar that is open to the public and at which information about a provider's services are discussed, or (D) an individual who is a bona fide employee of a provider who responds to an inquiry or request for information initiated by a prospective client, patient or customer.

(b) An individual who knowingly acts as a runner or uses, solicits, directs, hires or employs another individual to act as a runner shall be fined not more than five thousand dollars or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(c) The provisions of subsection (b) of this section shall not apply to the referral of individuals between attorneys, between health care professionals or between attorneys and health care professionals.

(d) The provisions of this section shall be in addition to, and shall not be construed to limit or restrict, the provisions of sections 51-86 , 51-87 and 51-87a .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-225 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-225
Sec. 53a-225. Enticing a juvenile to commit a criminal act: Class A misdemeanor or class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) A person is guilty of enticing a juvenile to commit a criminal act if such person is twenty-three years of age or older and knowingly causes, encourages, solicits, recruits, intimidates or coerces a person under eighteen years of age to commit or participate in the commission of a criminal act.

(c) Enticing a juvenile to commit a criminal act is a (1) class A misdemeanor for first offense, and (2) class D felony for any subsequent offense.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-343a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-343a
Sec. 53-343a. Presence of persons under twenty-one years of age in class III gaming facilities prohibited. Wagering and misrepresentation of age by such persons prohibited.
Status: in_force

(1) “Gaming facility” means any room in which class III gaming, as legally authorized pursuant to a tribal-state compact governing the conduct of gaming activities on Indian lands or federal procedures issued by the Secretary of the Interior, is conducted, but does not include a room limited to the playing of bazaar games;

(2) “Class III gaming” has the same meaning as provided in the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, 25 USC 2703; and

(3) “Alcoholic liquor” has the same meaning as provided in section 30-1 .

(b) No person under the minimum age for the purchase of alcoholic liquor under the provisions of chapter 545 shall be present in any gaming facility, except that, unless otherwise prohibited by law, a person over the age of majority may be employed in a gaming facility if such person has obtained any license required by the state for such employment and such employment does not include handling or serving alcoholic liquor. Any person under such minimum age for the purchase of alcoholic liquor who violates the provisions of this subsection shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars.

(c) Any person under the minimum age for the purchase of alcoholic liquor under the provisions of chapter 545 who is present in any gaming facility and directly or indirectly places a wager in such gaming facility shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.

(d) Any person under the minimum age for the purchase of alcoholic liquor under the provisions of chapter 545 who, for the purpose of gaining access to a gaming facility, (1) misrepresents such person's age, or (2) uses or exhibits (A) a forged, counterfeit or altered government-issued identity card, passport or motor vehicle operator's license, or (B) a government-issued identity card, passport or motor vehicle operator's license belonging to any other person, shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars or more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than thirty days, or both.

(e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit minors from receiving lottery tickets or chances in lawfully operated games of chance as gifts.

See Sec. 12-576 re presence of minors at facilities where gambling activity authorized by state law takes place.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-83b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-83b
Sec. 53a-83b. Commercial sexual abuse of a minor: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, commercial sexual abuse of a minor is a class B felony.

(c) Commercial sexual abuse of a minor is a class A felony if the minor has not attained fifteen years of age.

(d) For purposes of this section, “minor” means a person who has not attained eighteen years of age.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-128e — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-128e
Sec. 53a-128e. Illegal furnishing of money, goods or services on payment card.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who is authorized by an issuer or a participating party to furnish money, goods, services or anything else of value upon presentation of a payment card by the cardholder, or any agent or employee of such person, who, with intent to defraud the issuer, a participating party, the cardholder, or any other person fails to furnish money, goods, services or anything else of value which such person represents in writing to the issuer or participating party that such person has furnished violates this subsection and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (a) of section 53a-128i , if the difference between the value of all money, goods, services and anything else of value actually furnished and the value represented to the issuer or participating party to have been furnished does not exceed five hundred dollars in any six-month period; and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (b) of section 53a-128i if such difference does exceed five hundred dollars in any such six-month period.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-202w — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-202w
Sec. 53-202w. Large capacity magazines. Definitions. Sale, transfer or possession prohibited. Exceptions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Large capacity magazine” means any firearm magazine, belt, drum, feed strip or similar device that has the capacity of, or can be readily restored or converted to accept, more than ten rounds of ammunition, but does not include: (A) A feeding device that has been permanently altered so that it cannot accommodate more than ten rounds of ammunition, (B) a .22 caliber tube ammunition feeding device, (C) a tubular magazine that is contained in a lever-action firearm, or (D) a magazine that is permanently inoperable;

(2) “Lawfully possesses”, with respect to a large capacity magazine, means that a person has (A) actual and lawful possession of the large capacity magazine, (B) constructive possession of the large capacity magazine pursuant to a lawful purchase of a firearm that contains a large capacity magazine that was transacted prior to or on April 4, 2013, regardless of whether the firearm was delivered to the purchaser prior to or on April 4, 2013, which lawful purchase is evidenced by a writing sufficient to indicate that (i) a contract for sale was made between the parties prior to or on April 4, 2013, for the purchase of the firearm, or (ii) full or partial payment for the firearm was made by the purchaser to the seller of the firearm prior to or on April 4, 2013, or (C) actual possession under subparagraph (A) of this subdivision, or constructive possession under subparagraph (B) of this subdivision, as evidenced by a written statement made under penalty of false statement on such form as the Commissioner of Emergency Services and Public Protection prescribes; and

(3) “Licensed gun dealer” means a person who has a federal firearms license and a permit to sell firearms pursuant to section 29-28 .

(b) Except as provided in this section, on and after April 5, 2013, any person who, within this state, distributes, imports into this state, keeps for sale, offers or exposes for sale, or purchases a large capacity magazine shall be guilty of a class D felony. On and after April 5, 2013, any person who, within this state, transfers a large capacity magazine, except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, shall be guilty of a class D felony.

(c) Except as provided in this section and section 53-202x , any person who possesses a large capacity magazine shall be guilty of a (1) class D felony if such person is ineligible to possess a firearm under state or federal law, or (2) class A misdemeanor if such person is not ineligible to possess a firearm under state or federal law.

(d) A large capacity magazine may be possessed, purchased or imported by:

(1) The Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection, police departments, the Department of Correction, the Division of Criminal Justice, the Department of Motor Vehicles, the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection or the military or naval forces of this state or of the United States;

(2) A sworn and duly certified member of an organized police department, the Division of State Police within the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection or the Department of Correction, a chief inspector or inspector in the Division of Criminal Justice, a salaried inspector of motor vehicles designated by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles, a conservation officer or special conservation officer appointed by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection pursuant to section 26-5 , or a constable who is certified by the Police Officer Standards and Training Council and appointed by the chief executive authority of a town, city or borough to perform criminal law enforcement duties, for use by such sworn member, inspector, officer or constable in the discharge of such sworn member's, inspector's, officer's or constable's official duties or when off duty;

(3) A member of the military or naval forces of this state or of the United States;

(4) A nuclear facility licensed by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the purpose of providing security services at such facility, or any contractor or subcontractor of such facility for the purpose of providing security services at such facility;

(5) Any person who is sworn and acts as a policeman on behalf of an armored car service pursuant to section 29-20 in the discharge of such person's official duties; or

(6) Any person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of manufacturing large capacity magazines in this state that manufactures, purchases, tests or transports large capacity magazines in this state for sale within this state to persons specified in subdivisions (1) to (5), inclusive, of this subsection or for sale outside this state, or a federally-licensed firearm manufacturer engaged in the business of manufacturing firearms or large capacity magazines in this state that manufactures, purchases, tests or transports firearms or large capacity magazines in this state for sale within this state to persons specified in subdivisions (1) to (5), inclusive, of this subsection or for sale outside this state.

(e) A large capacity magazine may be possessed by:

(1) A licensed gun dealer;

(2) A gunsmith who is in a licensed gun dealer's employ, who possesses such large capacity magazine for the purpose of servicing or repairing a lawfully possessed large capacity magazine;

(3) A person, firm, corporation or federally-licensed firearm manufacturer described in subdivision (6) of subsection (d) of this section that possesses a large capacity magazine that is lawfully possessed by another person for the purpose of servicing or repairing the large capacity magazine;

(4) Any person who has declared possession of the magazine pursuant to section 53-202x ; or

(5) Any person who is the executor or administrator of an estate that includes a large capacity magazine, or the trustee of a trust that includes a large capacity magazine, the possession of which has been declared to the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection pursuant to section 53-202x , which is disposed of as authorized by the Probate Court, if the disposition is otherwise permitted by this section and section 53-202x .

(f) Subsection (b) of this section shall not prohibit:

(1) The transfer of a large capacity magazine, the possession of which has been declared to the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection pursuant to section 53-202x , by bequest or intestate succession, or, upon the death of a testator or settlor: (A) To a trust, or (B) from a trust to a beneficiary;

(2) The transfer of a large capacity magazine to a police department or the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection;

(3) The transfer of a large capacity magazine to a licensed gun dealer in accordance with section 53-202x ; or

(4) The transfer of a large capacity magazine prior to October 1, 2013, from a licensed gun dealer, pawnbroker licensed under section 21-40 , or consignment shop operator, as defined in section 21-39a , to any person who (A) possessed the large capacity magazine prior to or on April 4, 2013, (B) placed a firearm that such person legally possessed, with the large capacity magazine included or attached, in the possession of such dealer, pawnbroker or operator prior to or on April 4, 2013, pursuant to an agreement between such person and such dealer, pawnbroker or operator for the sale of the firearm to a third person, and (C) is eligible to possess the firearm on the date of such transfer.

(g) The court may order suspension of prosecution in addition to any other diversionary programs available to the defendant, if the court finds that a violation of this section is not of a serious nature and that the person charged with such violation (1) will probably not offend in the future, (2) has not previously been convicted of a violation of this section, and (3) has not previously had a prosecution under this section suspended pursuant to this subsection, it may order suspension of prosecution in accordance with the provisions of subsection (i) of section 29-33 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-110 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-110
Sec. 53a-110. Affirmative defenses to criminal trespass.
Status: in_force

Cited. 202 C. 86; 215 C. 82; Id., 257.

Cited. 18 CA 303; 20 CA 599; 35 CA 714.

Cited. 35 CS 555.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-221 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-221
Sec. 53a-221. Unlawful possession, purchase or sale of a memorial plaque: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Unlawful possession, purchase or sale of a memorial plaque is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-202j — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-202j
Sec. 53-202j. Commission of a class A, B or C felony with an assault weapon: Eight-year nonsuspendable sentence.
Status: in_force

Cited. 234 C. 455; 242 C. 143.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-121 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-121
Sec. 53a-121. Value of property or services.
Status: in_force

(b) Amounts included in thefts committed pursuant to one scheme or course of conduct, whether from the same person or several persons, may be aggregated in determining the grade of the offense.

Cited. 182 C. 52; 191 C. 180; 241 C. 439.

Cited. 7 CA 326; 9 CA 313; 19 CA 521; 25 CA 298; 37 CA 62; judgment reversed, see 237 C. 501. Definition of value is not unconstitutionally vague as applied to facts of case. 111 CA 543.

Evidence of trade-in value insufficient to establish market value or replacement cost for purposes of statute. 35 CS 531.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 176 C. 239; 178 C. 416; 181 C. 172; 190 C. 191; 196 C. 166; Id., 225; Id., 247; Id., 396; 199 C. 308; 200 C. 113.

Cited. 5 CA 129; 12 CA 408; 33 CA 339; judgment reversed in part, see 232 C. 431; judgment reversed, see 235 C. 502. Subdiv. (1) cited. 46 CA 269. Subdiv. (1): Market value has been defined as the price that would in all probability result from fair negotiations, where the seller is willing to sell and the buyer desires to buy. 95 CA 248.

Subsec. (b):

Cited. 177 C. 243; 178 C. 649; 199 C. 462; 228 C. 926; 232 C. 431; judgment superseded by en banc reconsideration, see 235 C. 502; 235 C. 502. Thefts are part of “one scheme or course of conduct” if the acts constituting the crime charged are a series of thefts committed in a similar manner and are closely related in time. 305 C. 806.

Cited. 33 CA 339; judgment reversed in part, see 232 C. 431; judgment reversed, see 235 C. 502; 34 CA 250; 47 CA 1.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-125f — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-125f
Sec. 53a-125f. Telephone fraud in the fourth degree: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Telephone fraud in the fourth degree is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-206 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-206
Sec. 53-206. Carrying of dangerous weapons prohibited.
Status: in_force

(b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to (1) any officer charged with the preservation of the public peace while engaged in the pursuit of such officer's official duties; (2) the carrying of a baton or nightstick by a security guard while engaged in the pursuit of such guard's official duties; (3) the carrying of a knife, the edged portion of the blade of which is four inches or more in length, by (A) any member of the armed forces of the United States, as defined in section 27-103 , or any reserve component thereof, or of the armed forces of the state, as defined in section 27-2 , when on duty or going to or from duty, (B) any member of any military organization when on parade or when going to or from any place of assembly, (C) any person while transporting such knife as merchandise or for display at an authorized gun or knife show, (D) any person who is found with any such knife concealed upon one's person while lawfully removing such person's household goods or effects from one place to another, or from one residence to another, (E) any person while actually and peaceably engaged in carrying any such knife from such person's place of abode or business to a place or person where or by whom such knife is to be repaired, or while actually and peaceably returning to such person's place of abode or business with such knife after the same has been repaired, (F) any person holding a valid hunting, fishing or trapping license issued pursuant to chapter 490 or any saltwater fisherman carrying such knife for lawful hunting, fishing or trapping activities, or (G) any person while participating in an authorized historic reenactment; (4) the carrying by any person enrolled in or currently attending, or an instructor at, a martial arts school of a martial arts weapon while in a class or at an authorized event or competition or while transporting such weapon to or from such class, event or competition; (5) the carrying of a BB. gun by any person taking part in a supervised event or competition of the Boy Scouts of America or the Girl Scouts of America or in any other authorized event or competition while taking part in such event or competition or while transporting such weapon to or from such event or competition; (6) the carrying of an electronic defense weapon, as defined in section 53a-3 , by any person who is twenty-one years of age or older and possesses a permit or certificate issued under the provisions of section 29-28 , 29-36f , 29-37p or 29-38n ; and (7) the carrying of a BB. gun by any person upon such person's own property or the property of another person provided such other person has authorized the carrying of such weapon on such property, and the transporting of such weapon to or from such property.

See Sec. 29-32b re Board of Firearms Permit Examiners.

See Sec. 29-38 re weapons in vehicles.

Cited. 138 C. 485; 153 C. 584. Burden on prosecution to prove defendant did not possess a written permit. 179 C. 516. Cited. 195 C. 668; 208 C. 689; 209 C. 322; 210 C. 110; Id., 199; 211 C. 672; 217 C. 73; 226 C. 497; 229 C. 691; 236 C. 189; 240 C. 317. Offense of carrying a dangerous weapon is not constitutionally overbroad in violation of the first and fourteenth amendments to the U.S. Constitution; the circumstances surrounding an alleged threat are critical in determining if the threat is a true threat; the trial court should have instructed jury to consider the particular factual context in which the allegedly threatening conduct occurred, including the victim's reaction to defendant's actions before and after the allegedly threatening conduct; defendant's threatened use of a table leg to inflict serious bodily injury against victim, in the event that victim continued to bother him, constitutes a violation of this section and Sec. 53a-3 if the threat is found to be a true threat not protected by the first amendment to the U.S. Constitution. 287 C. 237.

Cited. 1 CA 642; 7 CA 149; 9 CA 330; 10 CA 532; 11 CA 665; 17 CA 556; 21 CA 299; 25 CA 433; 27 CA 601; 39 CA 175; 41 CA 391; 43 CA 488.

Compared with Sec. 29-38. 10 CS 272. A razor is not a dangerous or deadly weapon per se; whether it becomes one is a question of fact for the trier; the fact that a razor is specifically included in Sec. 53-207 does not mean that it is excluded from this section. 23 CS 425. History discussed; concealment is not an element of the crime; .22 caliber air-operated single-shot pellet gun held to be a dangerous weapon. 24 CS 85.

Cited. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 313. Knife not coming within description of statute cannot be included as “any other dangerous or deadly weapon” and is not within prohibition of section. Id., 551.

Subsec. (b):

Exceptions in Subdiv. (3)(D) and (E) plainly and unambiguously apply only to the carrying of long knives, and said Subdiv. implicitly provides an exception for carrying a long knife in one's residence or abode; in this case, defendant carried a switchblade knife which was prohibited irrespective of location, and section recognizes no presumed lawful reason for carrying a switchblade knife. 300 C. 368.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-115 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-115
Sec. 53a-115. Criminal mischief in the first degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Criminal mischief in the first degree is a class D felony.

See Sec. 53a-44a re surcharge on fine for criminal mischief on public land.

Cited. 191 C. 412; 197 C. 326; 240 C. 708.

Cited. 29 CA 59; 46 CA 118.

Cited. 39 CS 400.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-117m — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-117m
Sec. 53a-117m. Damage to railroad property in the third degree: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Damage to railroad property in the third degree is a class B misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-403 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949c / Section 53-403
Sec. 53-403. Limitation on prosecutions. Severability.
Status: in_force

(b) The determination by any court of competent jurisdiction that any portion of this chapter or the application thereof to any person or circumstance violates any provision of the state or federal Constitutions or is otherwise invalid shall not affect the enforceability of any other provision of this chapter which may be given effect without the invalid portion or application.

Cited. 229 C. 479.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-252 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 945 / Section 53-252
Sec. 53-252. Transportation of animals on railroads.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 29-108a for definition of “animal”.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-57 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-57
Sec. 53a-57. Misconduct with a motor vehicle: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Misconduct with a motor vehicle is a class D felony.

See Sec. 14-111g re motor vehicle operator's retraining program.

Cited. 174 C. 112; Id., 118; 176 C. 445; Id., 451; 188 C. 620; 202 C. 629; 207 C. 336; 216 C. 699; 222 C. 444; 229 C. 228.

Cited. 3 CA 137. Violation of Sec. 14-222a, negligent homicide with a motor vehicle, is a lesser included offense of misconduct with a motor vehicle. 9 CA 686. Not a lesser included offense of Sec. 53a-56b(a). 11 CA 473. Cited. 15 CA 392; 16 CA 497; 21 CA 138; 22 CA 108; 23 CA 720; 28 CA 283; 29 CA 825; 30 CA 428; 34 CA 655. Conviction upheld where defendant became aware that his ability to operate a motor vehicle was impaired, yet continued to operate the motor vehicle. 64 CA 631.

Cited. 35 CS 519; 36 CS 527.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 20 CA 495. This Subsec. and Sec. 14-223(b) contain multiple elements that are dissimilar, and the clear language of the statutes themselves is sufficient for conclusion that they do not impose two punishments for the same act. 84 CA 351. The mental state elements in the two provisions - failing to perceive a substantial and unjustifiable risk that your manner of operation would cause death under Subsec. and an intent to cause serious physical injury under Sec. 53a-55(a)(1) - do not relate to the same result; the mental state element under Sec. 53a-55(a)(3) and under Subsec. is mutually exclusive and relate to the same result, thus guilty verdicts as to the crimes of reckless manslaughter and criminally negligent operation were legally inconsistent. 191 CA 33; judgment reverse in part, see 342 C. 538.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-103 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-103
Sec. 53a-103. Burglary in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Burglary in the third degree is a class D felony.

Cited. 161 C. 283; 173 C. 317; 174 C. 253; 176 C. 299; 182 C. 52; Id., 176; Id., 242; 183 C. 225; Id., 444; 184 C. 95; Id., 215; Id., 369; 186 C. 648; 187 C. 6; Id., 292; Id., 444; 189 C. 364; Id., 717; 190 C. 496; 191 C. 146; Id., 180; 193 C. 35; 194 C. 198; Id., 210; Id., 213; Id., 361; Id., 438; Id., 623; 196 C. 185; 197 C. 247; 198 C. 1; 199 C. 30; Id., 308; 202 C. 615; 216 C. 814; 218 C. 273; 219 C. 489; 220 C. 417; 223 C. 731; 232 C. 455; 235 C. 679; 237 C. 390; 239 C. 235; 240 C. 708. Trial court correctly permitted jury to consider charge of burglary in the third degree as lesser included offense of burglary in the first degree; state was not collaterally estopped from prosecuting defendant for burglary in the first degree. 275 C. 192.

Cited. 2 CA 537; 3 CA 132; Id., 359; Id., 503; 5 CA 599; 6 CA 24; Id., 680; 8 CA 478; 9 CA 141; 10 CA 258; Id., 279; Id., 447; Id., 503; 11 CA 805; 12 CA 1; Id., 196; Id., 375; 13 CA 214; Id., 220; 14 CA 119; Id., 526; 16 CA 184; Id., 601; 18 CA 368; 19 CA 48; 20 CA 205; Id., 721; 22 CA 440; 23 CA 123; Id., 151; Id., 201; 24 CA 295; 25 CA 503; 30 CA 190; 34 CA 751; judgment reversed, see 233 C. 211; 35 CA 107; Id., 405; Id., 714; 36 CA 177; Id., 364; 37 CA 40; Id., 228; 38 CA 225; Id., 481; 39 CA 1; Id., 579; 42 CA 507; 44 CA 162; 45 CA 566. Evidence that defendant entered residence and stated he would be able to hit wife before police could arrive was sufficient to establish that at the time he entered dwelling, defendant intended to commit crime of assault. 99 CA 203.

Cited. 33 CS 706; Id., 750; 38 CS 407.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 177 C. 140; 181 C. 254; 189 C. 461; 194 C. 665; 198 C. 369; 212 C. 50; 218 C. 447.

Cited. 4 CA 514; 7 CA 1; Id., 75; 8 CA 491; Id., 528; 9 CA 121; 13 CA 438; 14 CA 309; judgment reversed, see 212 C. 50; 15 CA 531; 17 CA 490; 24 CA 502; 35 CA 699; 44 CA 307.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-347a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 947 / Section 53-347a
Sec. 53-347a. Prohibited acts relative to stamps, labels, trademarks, service marks, collective marks and certification marks.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who, fraudulently and with intent to deceive, affixes any mark recorded under chapter 621a or any imitation thereof calculated to deceive, to any goods, receptacle or package similar in descriptive properties to those to which such mark is appropriated; or who, fraudulently and with intent to deceive, places, in any receptacle or package to which is lawfully affixed a recorded mark, goods other than those which such mark is designed and appropriated to protect; or who, fraudulently and with intent to deceive, deals in or keeps for sale any goods with a mark fraudulently affixed as above described in this section, or any goods contained in any package or receptacle having a lawful mark, which are not such goods as such mark was designed and appropriated to protect, shall be guilty of a class D felony, except that such person shall be fined not more than two hundred fifty thousand dollars.

(c) Any person, firm, partnership, corporation, association, union or other organization (1) who wilfully and knowingly counterfeits or imitates, or offers for sale or otherwise utters or circulates any counterfeit or imitation of a mark recorded under chapter 622a; or (2) who uses or displays a genuine mark recorded under said chapter in a manner not authorized by the registrant and knowing that such use or display is not so authorized; or (3) who in any way uses the name or mark, whether recorded under said chapter or not, of any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, association, union or other organization, in and about the sale of goods or otherwise not being authorized to use the same and knowing that such use is unauthorized, shall be guilty of a class D felony, except that such person, firm, partnership, corporation, association, union or organization shall be fined not more than two hundred fifty thousand dollars. In all cases where such association, union or other organization is not incorporated, complaint may be made by any officer or member of such association, union or organization on behalf of such union, association or organization.

Former statute: Cited. 23 CS 42. History discussed; counterfeit and forgery mean imitation; “use” means use of a label of a manufacturer on any goods with intent to defraud; not only the limitation of merchandise under a spurious label is prohibited, but also the sale of genuine merchandise under the guise of authentic origin; “use” includes causing the acts to be done; it is not necessary to prove actual damages to the manufacturer; under the vending portion of statute, proof of a completed transaction or full performance of a contract is not essential. 24 CS 129.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-129c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-129c
Sec. 53a-129c. Identity theft in the second degree: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Identity theft in the second degree is a class C felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-294 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-294
Sec. 53a-294. Vendor fraud in the fourth degree: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Vendor fraud in the fourth degree is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-161 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-161
Sec. 53a-161. Receiving a commercial bribe: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Receiving a commercial bribe is a class D felony.

Cited. 229 C. 479.

Cited. 20 CA 386.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-217 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-217
Sec. 53a-217. Criminal possession of a firearm, ammunition or an electronic defense weapon: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Criminal possession of a firearm, ammunition or an electronic defense weapon is a class C felony, for which two years and one day of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court, and five thousand dollars of the fine imposed may not be remitted or reduced by the court unless the court states on the record its reasons for remitting or reducing such fine.

Cited. 200 C. 453; 221 C. 915; 227 C. 363; 229 C. 164; Id., 385; 231 C. 235; 234 C. 324; Id., 455; 235 C. 274; Id., 402; 238 C. 389; 242 C. 143; Id., 648; 247 C. 318. Subsec. (a)(3)(A) and Sec. 53a-223(a) are not the same offense, and conviction under both sections for the same transaction does not violate constitutional protection against double jeopardy. 307 C. 1.

Cited. 6 CA 189; 11 CA 11; 15 CA 161; Id., 342; 19 CA 48; 26 CA 367; 29 CA 207; 30 CA 249; Id., 340; 33 CA 521; 34 CA 236; 35 CA 781; 36 CA 805; 37 CA 276; 39 CA 82; 40 CA 151; 45 CA 584. Weapons possessed by convicted murderer are contraband and cannot be given away by the convicted murderer. 65 CA 360. Defendant was not entitled to jury instruction that “mere presence in the vicinity of the firearm, however, is not enough to establish possession”. 113 CA 651.

Replica antique pistol, which fired a .44 caliber ball propelled by a black powder charge, instead of a bullet from a fixed cartridge, constituted a weapon under section; defendant's claim of implicit “antique gun exception” to prohibitions of section rejected. 49 CS 248.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 228 C. 384; 241 C. 413.

Cited. 15 CA 330; Id., 749; 19 CA 576; 20 CA 137; 24 CA 685; 30 CA 26; 42 CA 768; 45 CA 390. Court upheld prior rulings that convictions under both Sec. 29-35(a) and Subdiv. (1) do not constitute double jeopardy. 83 CA 377. Fact that the weapon in evidence had a pistol grip and could not be fired from the shoulder was of no consequence because it was a weapon capable of discharging a gunshot and therefore satisfied statutory definition of firearm. 99 CA 183. Conviction under this section and Sec. 53a-223(a) did not violate constitutional protection against double jeopardy because legislature intended multiple punishments for possessing a firearm in violation of a protective order. 122 CA 399; judgment affirmed, see 307 C. 1. An arraignment satisfies section's requirement for notice and an opportunity to be heard prior to issuance of a protective order and legislature did not intend to impose a specific requirement for an evidentiary hearing prior to such issuance. 180 CA 527. Plain and unambiguous use of the language “a firearm”, in the singular, establishes that each possession of a firearm by a convicted felon constitutes a separate, punishable violation. 197 CA 161.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-300 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-300
Sec. 53a-300. Act of terrorism. Enhanced sentence.
Status: in_force

(b) When any person has been found guilty of an act of terrorism, the court shall, in lieu of imposing the sentence authorized for the crime under section 53a-35a , impose the sentence of imprisonment authorized by said section for the next more serious degree of felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-146 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-146
Sec. 53a-146. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) An “official proceeding” is any proceeding held or which may be held before any legislative, judicial, administrative or other agency or official authorized to take evidence under oath, including any referee, hearing examiner, commissioner or notary or other person taking evidence in connection with any proceeding.

(2) “Benefit” means monetary advantage, or anything regarded by the beneficiary as a monetary advantage, including benefit to any person or entity in whose welfare the beneficiary is interested.

(3) “Public servant” is an officer or employee of government or a quasi-public agency, as defined in section 1-120 , elected or appointed, and any person participating as advisor, consultant or otherwise, paid or unpaid, in performing a governmental function.

(4) “Government” includes any branch, subdivision or agency of the state or any locality within it.

(5) “Labor official” means any duly appointed or elected representative of a labor organization or any duly appointed or elected trustee or representative of an employee welfare trust fund.

(6) “Witness” is any person summoned, or who may be summoned, to give testimony in an official proceeding.

(7) “Juror” is any person who has been drawn or summoned to serve or act as a juror in any court.

(8) “Physical evidence” means any article, object, document, record or other thing of physical substance which is or is about to be produced or used as evidence in an official proceeding.

(9) “Person selected to be a public servant” means any person who has been nominated or appointed to be a public servant.

Cited. 172 C. 458; 200 C. 664; 201 C. 379.

Cited. 2 CA 204; 22 CA 449; 40 CA 643. Section defines official proceeding as broadly covering presently instituted proceedings, as well as future proceedings that “may be held”; definition of witness includes those who have already been summoned to testify, as well as those who may be called to testify in the future. 160 CA 251.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-237a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 944 / Section 53-237a
Sec. 53-237a. Concealment of delivery: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Concealment of delivery is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-58 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-58
Sec. 53a-58. Criminally negligent homicide: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Criminally negligent homicide is a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 174 C. 89. Criminally negligent homicide is a lesser included offense of murder although the state of mind required is different. 180 C. 382. Cited. 181 C. 406; 185 C. 63; 187 C. 6; 195 C. 232; 201 C. 174; 202 C. 520; Id., 629; 204 C. 410; Id., 429; 212 C. 593; 213 C. 579; 214 C. 57; 216 C. 699; 223 C. 273; 226 C. 237; 227 C. 456; 228 C. 118, 127. Trial court improperly refused to instruct jury on this lesser included offense; judgment of Appellate Court in 30 CA 95 reversed. Id., 147. Cited. Id., 281; 231 C. 115; 238 C. 253.

Cited. 17 CA 502; judgment reversed, see 213 C. 579; 24 CA 586; 26 CA 448; 28 CA 388; Id., 771; 30 CA 95; judgment reversed, see 228 C. 147; Id., 232; 32 CA 687; 34 CA 368, see also 233 C. 517; 35 CA 438. Defendant's diminished mental capacity did not prevent her from forming the mental state associated with criminally negligent homicide since the standard is that of the reasonably prudent person. 131 CA 65; judgment affirmed, see 308 C. 835.

Cited. 40 CS 498.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-129 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-129
Sec. 53a-129. Misapplication of property: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) In any prosecution under this section, it shall be a defense that, at the time the prosecution was commenced, (1) the defendant had recovered possession of the property, unencumbered as a result of the unlawful disposition, and (2) the owner had suffered no material economic loss as a result of the unlawful disposition.

(c) Misapplication of property is a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 180 C. 662; 194 C. 223.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-110d — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-110d
Sec. 53a-110d. Simple trespass of railroad property: Infraction.
Status: in_force

(b) Simple trespass of railroad property is an infraction.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-182 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-182
Sec. 53-182. Use of highways by pedestrians.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 14-300 re crosswalks, regulation of pedestrian traffic, etc.

Pedestrian standing in street awaiting approach of trolley car and not looking for 1 minute in direction from which an automobile was approaching held not necessarily negligent under statute; question of fact for jury. 99 C. 2; Id., 11. Not necessary to charge as to full terms and effect of statute when so much of statute as was applicable was explained in charge on contributory negligence. 103 C. 552. As regards negligence, statute establishes no other standards than those of the common law. 116 C. 53; 127 C. 159; 128 C. 584. Cited. 144 C. 449; 239 C. 235.

Cited. 39 CA 579.

Interest of state in enforcing its traffic laws outweighs defendant's interest in stopping traffic to distribute literature; terms “negligent” and “reckless” have precise legal definition. 33 CS 725.

Cited. 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 584.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-277 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-277
Sec. 53a-277. Money laundering in the second degree: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Money laundering in the second degree is a class C felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-222a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-222a
Sec. 53a-222a. Violation of conditions of release in the second degree: Class A misdemeanor or Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Violation of conditions of release in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor, except that any violation of conditions of release that involve (1) imposing any restraint upon the person or liberty of a person in violation of the conditions of release, or (2) threatening, harassing, assaulting, molesting, sexually assaulting or attacking a person in violation of the conditions of release is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-132 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-132
Sec. 53a-132. False entry by an officer or agent of a public community: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) False entry by an officer or agent of a public community is a class A misdemeanor.

Under former statute, state has been held to be a “public community” and an employee has been held to be an “agent”. 159 C. 544.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-22 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 951 / Section 53a-22
Sec. 53a-22. Use of physical force in making arrest or preventing escape.
Status: in_force

(2) A peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles who is effecting an arrest pursuant to a warrant or preventing an escape from custody is justified in using the physical force prescribed in subsections (b), (c) and (d) of this section unless such warrant is invalid and is known by such officer to be invalid.

(b) Except as provided in subsection (a) or (d) of this section, a peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles is justified in using physical force upon another person when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes such use to be necessary to: (1) Effect an arrest or prevent the escape from custody of a person whom he or she reasonably believes to have committed an offense, unless he or she knows that the arrest or custody is unauthorized; or (2) defend himself or herself or a third person from the use or imminent use of physical force while effecting or attempting to effect an arrest or while preventing or attempting to prevent an escape.

(c) (1) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, a peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles is justified in using deadly physical force upon another person for the purposes specified in subsection (b) of this section only when his or her actions are objectively reasonable under the given circumstances at that time, and:

(A) He or she reasonably believes such use to be necessary to defend himself or herself or a third person from the use or imminent use of deadly physical force; or

(B) He or she (i) has reasonably determined that there are no available reasonable alternatives to the use of deadly physical force, (ii) reasonably believes that the force employed creates no unreasonable risk of injury to a third party, and (iii) reasonably believes such use of force to be necessary to (I) effect an arrest of a person whom he or she reasonably believes has committed or attempted to commit a felony which involved the infliction of serious physical injury, and if, where feasible, he or she has given warning of his or her intent to use deadly physical force, or (II) prevent the escape from custody of a person whom he or she reasonably believes has committed a felony which involved the infliction of serious physical injury and who poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to others, and if, where feasible, he or she has given warning of his or her intent to use deadly physical force.

(2) For purposes of evaluating whether actions of a peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles are reasonable under subdivision (1) of this subsection, factors to be considered include, but are not limited to, whether (A) the person upon whom deadly physical force was used possessed or appeared to possess a deadly weapon, (B) the peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles engaged in reasonable deescalation measures prior to using deadly physical force, and (C) any unreasonable conduct of the peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles led to an increased risk of an occurrence of the situation that precipitated the use of such force.

(d) A peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles is justified in using a chokehold or other method of restraint applied to the neck area or that otherwise impedes the ability to breathe or restricts blood circulation to the brain of another person for the purposes specified in subsection (b) of this section only when he or she reasonably believes such use to be necessary to defend himself or herself from the use or imminent use of deadly physical force.

(e) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, a person who has been directed by a peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles to assist such peace officer or official to effect an arrest or to prevent an escape from custody is justified in using reasonable physical force when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes such to be necessary to carry out such peace officer's or official's direction.

(f) A person who has been directed to assist a peace officer or an authorized official of the Department of Correction or the Board of Pardons and Paroles under circumstances specified in subsection (e) of this section may use deadly physical force to effect an arrest or to prevent an escape from custody only when: (1) He or she reasonably believes such use to be necessary to defend himself or herself or a third person from what he or she reasonably believes to be the use or imminent use of deadly physical force; or (2) he or she is directed or authorized by such peace officer or official to use deadly physical force, unless he or she knows that the peace officer or official himself or herself is not authorized to use deadly physical force under the circumstances.

(g) A private person acting on his or her own account is justified in using reasonable physical force upon another person when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes such use to be necessary to effect an arrest or to prevent the escape from custody of an arrested person whom he or she reasonably believes to have committed an offense and who in fact has committed such offense; but he or she is not justified in using deadly physical force in such circumstances, except in defense of person as prescribed in section 53a-19 .

(h) In determining whether use of force by a peace officer who is a police officer, as defined in subsection (a) of section 29-6d , is justified pursuant to this section, the trier of fact may draw an unfavorable inference from a police officer's deliberate failure in violation of section 29-6d to record such use of physical force.

See Sec. 53a-23 re unjustified use of force to resist arrest.

Defendant is entitled to a theory of defense instruction as a matter of law when evidence under section is before jury. 178 C. 704. Cited. 204 C. 240; 209 C. 75.

Cited. 8 CA 667; 23 CA 615; 24 CA 195; 45 CA 390.

Cited. 43 CS 46.

Subsec. (g) (Former Subsec.(f)):

Does not require person making the arrest to have been present at the time the felony was committed for defense of citizen's arrest to apply. 63 CA 228.

Defendant's firing of warning shot at fleeing assailants constituted use of deadly force proscribed by statute; to permit persons to fire warning shots would frustrate purpose of statute to limit use of guns to emergency situations to protect persons from death or great bodily harm. 35 CS 570. Cited. 39 CS 392.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-129d — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-129d
Sec. 53a-129d. Identity theft in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Identity theft in the third degree is a class D felony.

Convictions under this section, Sec. 53a-128d(2) and Sec. 53a-125b do not violate the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy. 326 C. 310.

Conviction under this section and Secs. 53a-128d and 53a-129b for single course of conduct does not constitute double jeopardy. 119 CA 483.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-153 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-153
Sec. 53a-153. Bribe receiving by a juror: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Bribe receiving by a juror is a class C felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-278b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-278b
Sec. 53-278b. Gambling; professional gambling; penalties.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who engages in professional gambling shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 3 CA 477; 5 CA 634; 8 CA 290; 17 CA 587; 35 CA 333.

Pyramid merchandising schemes possess the 3 essential elements of a lottery, consideration, chance and prize, and thus violate the lottery statute. 32 CS 279.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-392b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949b / Section 53-392b
Sec. 53-392b. Preparation of assignments for students attending educational institutions prohibited.
Status: in_force

(b) Nothing contained in this chapter shall prevent any person from providing tutorial assistance, research material, information or other assistance to persons enrolled in a university, college, academy, school or other educational institution which is chartered, incorporated, licensed, registered or supervised by this state, which is not intended for submission directly or in substantial part as an assignment under the student's name to such educational institution in fulfillment of the requirements for a degree, diploma, certificate or course of study or to prevent any person from rendering for a fee services which include the typing, research, assembling, transcription, reproduction or editing of a manuscript or other assignment which he has not prepared at the request of or on behalf of the purchaser.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-278a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-278a
Sec. 53-278a. Gambling: Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Gain” means the direct realization of winnings; “profit” means any other realized or unrealized benefit, direct or indirect, including without limitation benefits from proprietorship, management or unequal advantage in a series of transactions;

(2) “Gambling” means risking any money, credit, deposit or other thing of value for gain contingent in whole or in part upon lot, chance or the operation of a gambling device, including the playing of a casino gambling game such as blackjack, poker, craps, roulette or a slot machine, but does not include: Legal contests of skill, speed, strength or endurance in which awards are made only to entrants or the owners of entries; legal business transactions which are valid under the law of contracts; activity legal under the provisions of sections 7-169 to 7-186 , inclusive; any lottery or contest conducted by or under the authority of any state of the United States, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico or any possession or territory of the United States; and other acts or transactions expressly authorized by law on or after October 1, 1973. Online casino gaming, online sports wagering, retail sports wagering and fantasy contests, as such terms are defined in section 12-850 , shall not be considered gambling if the online casino gaming, online sports wagering, retail sports wagering or fantasy contest is conducted pursuant to sections 12-852 to 12-865 , inclusive;

(3) “Professional gambling” means accepting or offering to accept, for profit, money, credits, deposits or other things of value risked in gambling, or any claim thereon or interest therein. Without limiting the generality of this definition, the following shall be included: Pool-selling and bookmaking; maintaining slot machines, one-ball machines or variants thereof, pinball machines, which award anything other than an immediate and unrecorded right of replay, roulette wheels, dice tables, or money or merchandise pushcards, punchboards, jars or spindles, in any place accessible to the public; and except as provided in sections 7-169 to 7-186 , inclusive, conducting lotteries, gift enterprises, disposal or sale of property by lottery or hazard or policy or numbers games, or selling chances therein; and the following shall be presumed to be included: Conducting any banking game played with cards, dice or counters, or accepting any fixed share of the stakes therein;

(4) “Gambling device” means any device or mechanism by the operation of which a right to money, credits, deposits or other things of value may be created, as the result of the operation of an element of chance; any device or mechanism which, when operated for a consideration, does not return the same value or thing of value for the same consideration upon each operation thereof; any device, mechanism, furniture or fixture designed primarily for use in connection with professional gambling; and any subassembly or essential part designed or intended for use in connection with any such device, mechanism, furniture, fixture, construction or installation, provided an immediate and unrecorded right of replay mechanically conferred on players of pinball machines and similar amusement devices shall be presumed to be without value. “Gambling device” does not include a crane game machine or device or a redemption machine. A device or equipment used to participate in online casino gaming, online sports wagering, retail sports wagering or fantasy contests, as such terms are defined in section 12-850 , shall not be considered a gambling device if the conditions set forth in sections 12-852 to 12-865 , inclusive, as applicable, have been met;

(5) “Gambling record” means any record, receipt, ticket, certificate, token, slip or notation given, made, used or intended to be used in connection with professional gambling;

(6) “Gambling information” means a communication with respect to any wager made in the course of, and any information intended to be used for, professional gambling. Information as to wagers, betting odds or changes in betting odds shall be presumed to be intended for use in professional gambling;

(7) “Gambling premise” means any building, room, enclosure, vehicle, vessel or other place, whether open or enclosed, used or intended to be used for professional gambling. Any place where a gambling device is found shall be presumed to be intended to be used for professional gambling, except a place wherein a bazaar or raffle for which a permit has been issued under sections 7-170 to 7-186 , inclusive, or bingo for which a permit has been issued under section 7-169 is to be conducted;

(8) “Person” includes natural persons, partnerships, limited liability companies and associations of persons, and corporations; and any corporate officer, director or stockholder who authorizes, participates in or knowingly accepts benefits from any violation of sections 53-278a to 53-278g , inclusive, committed by his corporation;

(9) “Peace officer” means a municipal or state police officer or chief inspector or inspector in the Division of Criminal Justice or state marshal while exercising authority granted under any provision of the general statutes or judicial marshal in the performance of the duties of a judicial marshal;

(10) “Court” means the Superior Court;

(11) “Crane game machine or device” means a machine or device (A) that is designed and manufactured only for bona fide amusement purposes and involves at least some skill in its operation, (B) that rewards a winning player exclusively with merchandise contained within the machine or device and such merchandise is limited to noncash prizes, toys or novelties each of which has a wholesale value not exceeding ten dollars or ten times the cost of playing the machine or device, whichever is less, (C) the player of which is able to control the timing of the use of the claw or grasping device to attempt to pick up or grasp a prize, toy or novelty, (D) the player of which is made aware of any time restrictions that the machine or device imposes on the player to maneuver the claw or grasping device into a position to attempt to pick up or grasp a prize, toy or novelty, and (E) the claw or grasping device of which is not of a size, design or shape that prohibits the picking up or grasping of a prize, toy or novelty contained within the machine or device;

(12) “Redemption machine” means an amusement device operated by one or more players that involves a game the object of which is throwing, rolling, bowling, shooting, placing or propelling a ball or other object into, upon or against a hole or other target and that rewards the player or players with tickets, tokens or other noncash representations of value redeemable for merchandise prizes, provided (A) the outcome of the game is predominantly determined by the skill of the player, (B) the award of tickets, tokens or other noncash representations of value is based solely on the player's achieving the object of the game or on the player's score, (C) only merchandise prizes are awarded, (D) the average wholesale value of the prizes awarded in lieu of tickets or tokens for a single play of the machine does not exceed ten dollars or ten times the cost of a single play of the machine, whichever is less, and (E) the redemption value of each ticket, token or other noncash representation of value that may be accumulated by a player or players to redeem prizes of greater value does not exceed the cost of a single play of the machine.

See Secs. 52-553, 52-554 re wagering contracts and recovery of money lost in gaming.

Cited. 196 C. 471. Proposal to combine live racing broadcasts with advertisements for telephone wagering does not contravene state's public policy against gambling. 278 C. 150.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-171 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-171
Sec. 53a-171. Escape from custody: Class C felony or class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) If a person has been arrested for, charged with or convicted of a felony, escape from such custody is a class C felony, otherwise, escape from custody is a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 173 C. 35; 188 C. 406; 196 C. 309; 197 C. 588; 207 C. 270; 211 C. 398; 220 C. 270.

Cited. 3 CA 684; 12 CA 604; 23 CA 160; Id., 615; 24 CA 287; 36 CA 691; 37 CA 276; Id., 733. Knowledge of being charged with a felony, rather than a misdemeanor, is not an essential element. 114 CA 155.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-157a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-157a
Sec. 53a-157a. False statement on a certified payroll: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) False statement on a certified payroll is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-90a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-90a
Sec. 53a-90a. Enticing a minor. Penalties.
Status: in_force

(b) (1) Except as provided in subdivision (2) of this subsection, enticing a minor is a class D felony for a first offense, a class C felony for a second offense and a class B felony for any subsequent offense.

(2) Enticing a minor is a class B felony if the victim of the offense is under thirteen years of age and any person found guilty of such class B felony shall, for a first offense, be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which five years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court and, for any subsequent offense, be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which ten years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

See Sec. 53a-261a re location of the offense.

Subsec. (a):

The plain meaning of the word “entice”, as used in Subsec., does not require that an individual actually succeed in convincing a person to act for an enticement to have occurred, and therefore, it is not necessary that defendant actually engage in sexual activity with a minor to be convicted. 127 CA 464.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-136 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-136
Sec. 53a-136. Robbery in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Robbery in the third degree is a class D felony.

Cited. 169 C. 247; 171 C. 105; 181 C. 388; 185 C. 260; 188 C. 591; 190 C. 428; 192 C. 618; 197 C. 314; 198 C. 285; 199 C. 557; 202 C. 224; 205 C. 61; 209 C. 23; 210 C. 435; 218 C. 432; 219 C. 160; 239 C. 235. Rational basis exists for legislature to classify larceny from the person as a more serious offense than simple robbery and therefore the classification did not violate defendant's right to equal protection of the laws. 246 C. 132.

Cited. 5 CA 500; 7 CA 27; 8 CA 454; Id., 620; 13 CA 420; Id., 596; 14 CA 205; 16 CA 318; Id., 433; 17 CA 226; 19 CA 423; 20 CA 513; Id., 643; 21 CA 248; Id., 291; 22 CA 216; 24 CA 316; Id., 518; 26 CA 114; 27 CA 780; 35 CA 839; 39 CA 579; Id., 810; 40 CA 250; 44 CA 307; 46 CA 616; Id., 778.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 185 C. 402; 201 C. 125; Id., 559; 211 C. 101; 220 C. 487; 242 C. 523.

Cited. 8 CA 35; 10 CA 330; 14 CA 493; 35 CA 201; 38 CA 531; 41 CA 255; Id., 584. Jury could reasonably find that defendant's threat was part of the same continuous transaction as the larceny; use or threatened use of a firearm is not an element of the crime. 100 CA 122.

Cited. 33 CS 599; 37 CS 520.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-92a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-92a
Sec. 53a-92a. Kidnapping in the first degree with a firearm: Class A felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Kidnapping in the first degree with a firearm is a class A felony.

Cited. 198 C. 671. Effect of enactment of statute was to link a more serious crime with a less serious penalty; equal protection rights violated. 200 C. 268. Cited. 204 C. 240; 205 C. 262; Id., 673; 210 C. 110; Id., 315; 211 C. 672; 216 C. 282.

Cited. 40 CA 60.

Subsec. (b):

Statute “has created an irreconcilable conflict in the statutes governing mandatory minimum sentences for kidnapping in the first degree ... until the legislature takes corrective action the sentencing provisions of (statute) govern all prosecutions for kidnapping in the first degree”; statutory construction discussed. 198 C. 671. Equal protection rights discussed. 200 C. 268. Cited. 207 C. 412.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-220 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-220
Sec. 53a-220. Interference with a memorial plaque: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Interference with a memorial plaque is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-117a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-117a
Sec. 53a-117a. Criminal mischief in the fourth degree: Class C misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Criminal mischief in the fourth degree is a class C misdemeanor.

See Sec. 53a-44a re surcharge on fine for criminal mischief on public land.

Cited. 20 CA 101.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-311a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-311a
Sec. 53-311a. Distribution of unsolicited credit cards, charge plates.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person, company, partnership or corporation which violates the provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars for each card, plate, instrument or device so mailed or distributed.

(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to the renewal of any credit card, charge plate or like instrument or device unless the recipient has previously indicated in writing his intention that such renewal not be effected nor shall it apply to the replacement of any such instrument or device by the issuer thereof during the period such instrument or device is in effect.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-110e — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-110e
Sec. 53a-110e. Simple trespass of watershed land: Infraction.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall have committed an infraction and be fined ninety dollars.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-259 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-259
Sec. 53a-259. Value of property or computer services.
Status: in_force

(b) When the value of the property or computer services or damage thereto cannot be satisfactorily ascertained, the value shall be deemed to be two hundred fifty dollars.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, the value of private personal data shall be deemed to be one thousand five hundred dollars.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-125a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-125a
Sec. 53a-125a. Larceny in the fifth degree: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Larceny in the fifth degree is a class B misdemeanor.

Cited. 201 C. 125; 203 C. 682; 210 C. 435; 213 C. 233; 231 C. 411; 241 C. 439.

Cited. 7 CA 75; 14 CA 205; Id., 272; 15 CA 197; 19 CA 48; 21 CA 331; 24 CA 556; Id., 563; 25 CA 298; 29 CA 843; 30 CA 571; judgment reversed, see 231 C. 411; 37 CA 228; 38 CA 277; 46 CA 118. Defendant may be convicted of larceny in the fifth degree by illegal use of a credit card. 75 CA 756.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-142f — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 941 / Section 53-142f
Sec. 53-142f. Possession of unauthorized recordings prohibited.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be guilty of a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-179b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-179b
Sec. 53a-179b. Rioting at correctional institution: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Rioting at a correctional institution is a class B felony.

Cited. 190 C. 143; 227 C. 711; Id., 751; 237 C. 454; 240 C. 97.

Statute not constitutionally vague or overbroad. 30 CA 224. Cited. 32 CA 224; 39 CA 333; 44 CA 264.

Cited. 43 CS 46.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-25 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-25
Sec. 53a-25. Felony: Definition, classification, designation.
Status: in_force

(b) Felonies are classified for the purposes of sentence as follows: (1) Class A, (2) class B, (3) class C, (4) class D, (5) class E, (6) unclassified, and (7) capital felonies under the provisions of section 53a-54b in effect prior to April 25, 2012.

(c) The particular classification of each felony defined in this chapter is expressly designated in the section defining it.

(d) Any offense defined in any section of the general statutes which, by virtue of an expressly specified sentence, is within the definition set forth in subsection (a) of this section, but for which a particular classification is not expressly designated, shall be deemed: (1) A class E felony if the maximum term of imprisonment specified is in excess of one year but not more than three years; or (2) an unclassified felony if the maximum term of imprisonment is otherwise within the definition set forth in subsection (a) of this section.

See Secs. 53a-35 and 53a-35a re sentences for felonies.

See Sec. 53a-41 re fines for felonies.

Cited. 170 C. 601. Police officer may arrest without previous complaint or warrant any person who he has reasonable grounds to believe has committed or is committing a felony. 171 C. 105. Cited. 196 C. 305.

Cited. 9 CA 686; 11 CA 11; 28 CA 91.

Cited. 36 CS 527; Id., 551.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-95 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-95
Sec. 53a-95. Unlawful restraint in the first degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Unlawful restraint in the first degree is a class D felony.

Cited. 171 C. 395; 182 C. 353; Id., 366; 187 C. 216; Id., 348; 191 C. 604; 194 C. 297; 195 C. 253; 197 C. 298; Id., 309; 198 C. 430; 199 C. 193; 200 C. 9; 201 C. 659; 202 C. 676; 205 C. 352; 220 C. 112; 222 C. 331; 223 C. 180; 224 C. 397; 226 C. 601; 236 C. 112; 237 C. 284; 242 C. 689. Because an unlawful restraint involves the restriction of another person's movements with the intent to interfere substantially with that person's liberty, the crime of unlawful restraint is a specific intent crime. 287 C. 509.

Cited. 3 CA 374; 5 CA 424; Id., 586; 6 CA 334; 7 CA 701; 8 CA 620; 9 CA 631; judgment reversed, see 205 C. 352; 10 CA 217; 13 CA 554; 17 CA 234. Specific intent required. Id, 339. Cited. Id., 391; Id., 490; 22 CA 477; 28 CA 581; judgment reversed, see 226 C. 601; 31 CA 20; Id., 312; 36 CA 805; 40 CA 553; 41 CA 701; 42 CA 78; Id., 445; 43 CA 715; 46 CA 486. Immediate flight of victim demonstrates absence of restraint by defendant. 140 CA 393.

Cited. 43 CS 211.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 174 C. 500; 176 C. 227; 179 C. 381; 185 C. 211; 186 C. 599; 190 C. 104; 197 C. 50; Id., 602; 198 C. 598; Id., 617; 205 C. 39; Id., 61; Id., 437; Id., 528; 206 C. 40; 209 C. 143; 222 C. 87; 227 C. 32; Id., 153; 241 C. 784; 242 C. 523.

Cited. 6 CA 697; 8 CA 387; Id., 491; Id., 566; 9 CA 79; Id., 208; 13 CA 667; 14 CA 710; 18 CA 134; Id., 730; 19 CA 631; 21 CA 244; Id., 467; 25 CA 725; 26 CA 574; Id., 641; 32 CA 178; 38 CA 531; Id., 777; 39 CA 45; Id., 789; Id., 832; 41 CA 255; Id., 817. Conviction of both sexual assault and unlawful restraint is not double jeopardy. 47 CA 117.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-150 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-150
Sec. 53a-150. Bribe receiving by a witness: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Bribe receiving by a witness is a class C felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-180aa — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-180aa
Sec. 53a-180aa. Breach of the peace in the first degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) For the purposes of this section: (1) “Hazardous substance” means any physical, chemical, biological or radiological substance or matter which, because of its quantity, concentration or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics, may cause or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness, or pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health, and (2) “public place” means any area that is used or held out for use by the public whether owned or operated by public or private interests.

(c) Breach of the peace in the first degree is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-223b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-223b
Sec. 53a-223b. Criminal violation of a restraining order: Class D or class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) No person who is listed as a protected person in such restraining order or foreign order of protection may be criminally liable for (1) soliciting, requesting, commanding, importuning or intentionally aiding in the violation of the restraining order or foreign order of protection pursuant to subsection (a) of section 53a-8 , or (2) conspiracy to violate such restraining order or foreign order of protection pursuant to section 53a-48 .

(c) No person who is listed as a respondent in a restraining order issued pursuant to section 46b-15 or a foreign order of protection issued pursuant to section 46b-15a and against whom there is an order of no contact with the protected party or parties may be criminally liable for a violation of such order if such person causes a document filed in a family relations matter, as defined in section 46b-1 , to be served on the protected party or parties in accordance with the law by mail or through a third party who is authorized by statute to serve process.

(d) (1) Except as provided in subdivision (2) of this subsection, criminal violation of a restraining order is a class D felony.

(2) Criminal violation of a restraining order is a class C felony if the offense is a violation of subparagraph (C) or (D) of subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section.

Not unconstitutionally vague because a person of ordinary intelligence would have ample warning that terms “stay away from” and “contacts” prohibit distinct conduct; violation of either Subdiv. (1) or (2) of Subsec. (a) requires proof of an element that the other does not and therefore violation is two separate offenses for purposes of double jeopardy. 97 CA 332. Section is not a specific intent crime, and all that is necessary is a general intent that defendant intended to perform the activities that constituted the violation. 151 CA 527.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-21a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 939 / Section 53-21a
Sec. 53-21a. Leaving child unsupervised in place of public accommodation or motor vehicle. Failure to report disappearance of a child.
Status: in_force

(2) In determining whether an action constitutes a violation of this subsection, (A) consideration shall be given to whether or not the parent, guardian or person having custody or control, or providing supervision, of a child under the age of twelve years exercised judgment that a reasonable person would use in determining whether the child was of sufficient age, maturity, physical ability and mental ability to be unsupervised under the circumstances, and (B) no finding of substantial risk may be based solely on a parent, guardian or person having custody or control, or providing supervision, of such child allowing such child's participation in independent activities, including, but not limited to, traveling to and from school, traveling to and from commercial or recreational facilities located near such child's home and unsupervised outdoor play, provided such child is of sufficient age, maturity, physical ability and mental ability to engage in such activities and the child's participation would not lead a reasonable person to believe that such participation creates an obvious danger to the child's safety.

(b) Any parent, guardian or person having custody or control, or providing supervision, of any child under the age of twelve years who knowingly leaves such child unsupervised in a place of public accommodation, which holds a permit issued under chapter 545 for the sale of alcoholic liquor for consumption on the premises, for a period of time that presents a substantial risk to the child's health or safety, shall be guilty of a class D felony.

(c) Any parent, guardian or person having custody or control, or providing supervision, of any child under the age of twelve years who knowingly leaves such child unsupervised in a place of public accommodation or a motor vehicle between the hours of eight o'clock p.m. and six o'clock a.m. for a period of time that presents a substantial risk to the child's health or safety, shall be guilty of a class C felony.

(d) Any parent, guardian or person having custody or control, or providing supervision, of any child under the age of twelve years who knowingly fails to report the disappearance of such child to an appropriate law enforcement agency shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor. For the purposes of this subsection, “disappearance of such child” means that the parent, guardian or person does not know the location of the child and has not had contact with the child for a twenty-four-hour period.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-289c — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-289c
Sec. 53-289c. Unauthorized ticket resale in proximity to event prohibited. Exemptions. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(b) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section do not apply to a ticket reseller who: (1) Resells a ticket for not greater than the face value printed on the ticket; or (2) maintains a permanent office within one thousand five hundred feet of the physical structure where the entertainment event is scheduled to take place provided such reseller sells, offers to resell or solicits the resale of a ticket only within the premises of such office in person or by mail, telephone or the Internet.

(c) A violation of subsection (a) of this section is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-117f — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-117f
Sec. 53a-117f. Criminal damage of a landlord's property in the second degree: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) For the purposes of this section, “tenant”, “landlord” and “premises” have the meanings provided in section 47a-1 .

(c) Nothing in this section shall preclude prosecution of a person under any other provision of the general statutes.

(d) Criminal damage of a landlord's property in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-130a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-130a
Sec. 53a-130a. Impersonation of a police officer: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Impersonation of a police officer is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-345a — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-345a
Sec. 53-345a. Nitrous oxide containers; sale to or purchase by minors prohibited. Proof of age.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person under eighteen years of age who purchases or misrepresents his age to purchase any container exclusively containing nitrous oxide shall be fined not more than fifty dollars for the first offense and not less than fifty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each subsequent offense.

(c) Each retailer of containers exclusively containing nitrous oxide or employee of such retailer shall require a person who is purchasing or attempting to purchase a container exclusively containing nitrous oxide, whose age is in question, to exhibit proper proof of age. If a person fails to provide such proof of age, such retailer or employee shall not sell any container exclusively containing nitrous oxide to the person. As used in this section, “proper proof” means a motor vehicle operator's license, a valid passport or an identity card issued in accordance with the provisions of section 1-1h .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-279 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-279
Sec. 53a-279. Money laundering in the fourth degree: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Money laundering in the fourth degree is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-39c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-39c
Sec. 53a-39c. Community service labor program.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who enters such program shall pay to the court a participation fee of two hundred five dollars, except that no person may be excluded from such program for inability to pay such fee, provided such person: (1) Files with the court an affidavit of indigency or inability to pay, assisted by the Court Support Services Division to the extent requested by such person, and the court enters a finding of inability to pay, or (2) has been determined indigent and eligible for representation by a public defender who has been appointed on behalf of such person pursuant to section 51-296 . The court shall not require a person to perform community service in lieu of payment of such fee, if such fee is waived. All program fees collected under this subsection shall be deposited into the alternative incarceration program account.

(c) The period of participation in the community service labor program shall be thirty days.

Program intended to avoid unnecessary trials and expenditures of resources, so defendant's application for program when trial nearly complete is justification for denying application. 51 CA 126.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-151a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-151a
Sec. 53a-151a. Intimidating a witness: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Intimidating a witness is a class B felony.

The phrase “believing that an official proceeding is pending or about to be instituted” is satisfied as long as the defendant believes that an official proceeding will probably occur, and it does not matter whether an official proceeding is actually pending or is about to be instituted. 321 C. 729.

Jury reasonably could have concluded that Facebook messages sent to witness by defendant forecasted future physical harm and were sent with the intent to influence, delay or prevent testimony at an official proceeding. 152 CA 590.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-293 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-293
Sec. 53a-293. Vendor fraud in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Vendor fraud in the third degree is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-114 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-114
Sec. 53a-114. Reckless burning: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Reckless burning is a class D felony.

Cited. 197 C. 158; 200 C. 268.

Cited. 41 CA 701.

Subsec. (a):

The phrase “of another” applies plainly and unambiguously to any proprietary or possessory interest in the endangered building by someone other than the defendant, whether exclusive or nonexclusive. 203 CA 333.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-331 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-331
Sec. 53-331. Use of arsenic in embalming.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 20-216 re cases where medical examiner's permission is required prior to embalming.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-196d — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-196d
Sec. 53a-196d. Possessing child sexual abuse material in the first degree: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) In any prosecution for an offense under this section, it shall be an affirmative defense that the acts of the defendant, if proven, would constitute a violation of section 53a-196h .

(c) Possessing child sexual abuse material in the first degree is a class B felony and any person found guilty under this section shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which five years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

Trial court properly rejected defendant's claim that statute is unconstitutionally vague; there is no first amendment right to possess materials otherwise covered by definition of child pornography specified in Sec. 53a-193(13) when the person depicted is younger than 18, statute is not unconstitutional on its face and defendant having conceded that statute clearly gives fair notice that pornographic materials depicting children under 16 are prohibited and having admitted that he possessed materials depicting children under 16, statute is not unconstitutionally vague as applied to defendant; “minor”, for purposes of statute, means a person under 16 years of age. 252 C. 579.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-196c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-196c
Sec. 53a-196c. Importing child sexual abuse material: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Importing child sexual abuse material is a class B felony and any person found guilty under this section shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which five years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-180c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-180c
Sec. 53a-180c. Falsely reporting an incident in the second degree: Class A misdemeanor or Class E felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Falsely reporting an incident in the second degree is a (1) class A misdemeanor for a violation of subdivision (1), (2) or (3) of subsection (a) of this section, or (2) class E felony for a violation of subdivision (4) of subsection (a) of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-389 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949a / Section 53-389
Sec. 53-389. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “To extend credit” means to make or renew any loans, or to enter into any agreement, tacit or express, whereby the repayment or satisfaction of any debt or claim, whether acknowledged or disputed, valid or invalid, and however arising, may or will be deferred;

(2) “Creditor”, with reference to any given extension of credit, refers to any person making such extension of credit, or to any person claiming by, under or through such person;

(3) “Debtor”, with reference to any given extension of credit, refers to any person to whom such extension of credit is made, or to any person who guarantees the repayment of that extension of credit, or in any manner undertakes to indemnify the creditor against loss resulting from the failure of any person to whom that extension of credit is made to repay the same;

(4) “Repayment” of any extension of credit includes the repayment, satisfaction or discharge, in whole or in part, of any debt or claim, acknowledged or disputed, valid or invalid, resulting from or in connection with such extension of credit;

(5) “To collect an extension of credit” means to induce in any way any person to make repayment thereof;

(6) An “extortionate extension of credit” is any extension of credit with respect to which it is the understanding of the creditor and the debtor, at the time such extension of credit is made, that delay in making repayment or failure to make repayment could result in the use of violence or other criminal means to cause harm to the person, reputation or property of any person;

(7) An “extortionate means” is any means which involves the use, or an express or implicit threat of use, of violence or other criminal means to cause harm to the person, reputation or property of any person.

(b) State law, including conflict of laws rules, governing the enforceability through civil judicial processes of repayment of any extension of credit or the performance of any promise given in consideration thereof, shall be judicially noticed. This subsection shall not impair any authority which any court would otherwise have to take judicial notice of any matter of state law.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-304 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-304
Sec. 53-304. Nonsupport. Support orders and agreements. Administration of oaths by family relations counselors and support enforcement officers.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who violates any provision of this section may be prosecuted before any court of this state in the same manner as if such offense had been committed within the territorial jurisdiction of such court.

(c) A written agreement to support or any modification of an agreement to support filed with said court or the assistant clerk of the Family Support Magistrate Division shall have the same force and effect as an order of support by the Superior Court and shall be enforceable in the same manner as is provided herein for orders of support issued by the court.

(d) Family relations counselors and support enforcement officers employed by the Judicial Department may administer oaths in all affidavits, statements, complaints and reports made to or by such family relations counselors and support enforcement officers in the performance of their duties.

See Sec. 46b-215 re obligation of relatives to furnish support.

See Sec. 46b-219 re child's freedom from obligation to support a parent who had earlier deserted the child.

See Sec. 51-348a re prosecution for nonsupport in geographical area of Superior Court.

Generally. 41 C. 433. Adultery of wife sufficient defense. 57 C. 539; 100 C. 731. What facts justify wife in leaving husband; burden of proof. 91 C. 6. Venue of action is ordinarily place of husband's residence, since wife's residence follows that of her husband. 93 C. 363. Payments set forth in bond for support must be met even though wife has not been furnished help by town to whom bond was given; husband's duty is to support wife at his residence but not elsewhere. 94 C. 247. Information in words of statute sufficient; measure of support varies with circumstances of parties. 99 C. 119; 100 C. 730. When wife's misconduct will relieve husband of this duty. Id., 731. Unjustifiable abandonment suspends duty; facts held to warrant conclusion of unjustifiable abandonment. 107 C. 108. Recognizance is a sufficient bond within statute; taking it directly to city instead of to treasurer does not invalidate it. 110 C. 171. Former statute cited. Id., 479. Wife must have adequate justification, in declining to live with husband, to entitle her to separate support; justification is a question for each case on its own circumstances. 124 C. 382. Provision for prosecution in any court of state, held constitutional. 129 C. 570. Husband entitled to show wife's conduct has forfeited any claim by her for support by him. 142 C. 377. Former statute cited. 152 C. 471. Once a child reaches age 18, parents no longer have legal duty re support. 168 C. 144. Cited. 196 C. 403; 216 C. 85; 234 C. 194.

Cited. 4 CS 144; 5 CS 225; 13 CS 268. While wife necessarily benefits, the purpose of statute is to protect the public purse. 14 CS 128. Cited. 15 CS 177. Existence of section is not grounds for denying relief in an equitable action for support. 16 CS 68. Cited. 34 CS 281; Id., 284; 35 CS 130, 133.

If husband and wife mutually assent to separate, husband not relieved of responsibility to support. 2 Conn. Cir. Ct. 218. Where, in a case under statute, defendant claims he was indigent so the court should have appointed counsel to him, but the court could not question him as to his earnings, it is incumbent on him to persuade the court that he was entitled to appointed counsel. 3 Conn. Cir. Ct. 624, 636. Legislative history discussed; crime of nonsupport does not require guilty or criminal intent. 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 544. Defendant could not himself move to modify support order made upon his written agreement to contribute to support of his three minor children after he had been charged with crime of nonsupport. 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 24.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-323 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-323
Sec. 53a-323. Abuse in the third degree: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Abuse in the third degree is a class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-152 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-152
Sec. 53a-152. Bribery of a juror: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Bribery of a juror is a class C felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-219 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-219
Sec. 53a-219. Unlawful possession or sale of gravestones: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Unlawful possession or sale of gravestones is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-56b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-56b
Sec. 53a-56b. Manslaughter in the second degree with a motor vehicle: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Manslaughter in the second degree with a motor vehicle is a class C felony and the court shall suspend the motor vehicle operator's license or nonresident operating privilege of any person found guilty under this section for one year. The court shall also order such person not to operate any motor vehicle that is not equipped with an approved ignition interlock device, as defined in section 14-227j , for a period of two years after such person's operator's license or nonresident operating privilege is restored by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.

See Sec. 14-111g re motor vehicle operator's retraining program.

See Sec. 14-227o re discount for ignition interlock device services.

Cited. 193 C. 632; 213 C. 74; 216 C. 699; 219 C. 752; 229 C. 228. There is no language in section to indicate expressly that legislature intended that a person convicted of second degree manslaughter with a motor vehicle could not also be convicted of first degree manslaughter. 263 C. 390.

Cited. 5 CA 378; 9 CA 686; 11 CA 122; 12 CA 129; Id., 294; 16 CA 358; 18 CA 223; 21 CA 138; 22 CA 108; 23 CA 215; Id., 720; 29 CA 825; 34 CA 557; Id., 655; 36 CA 710; 40 CA 359.

Subsec. (a):

Sec. 53a-57 not a lesser included offense. 11 CA 473. Cited. 20 CA 495. Conviction under Subsec. and for manslaughter in second degree under Sec. 53a-56(a)(1) for the death of one person does not constitute double jeopardy. 111 CA 466.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-67 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-67
Sec. 53a-67. Affirmative defenses.
Status: in_force

(b) In any prosecution for an offense under this part, except an offense under section 53a-70b of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 2019, or section 53a-70 , 53a-70a , 53a-71 , 53a-72a or 53a-72b , it shall be an affirmative defense that the defendant and the alleged victim were, at the time of the alleged offense, living together by mutual consent in a relationship of cohabitation, regardless of the legal status of their relationship.

Cited. 192 C. 154; 198 C. 190; 202 C. 86.

Cited. 3 CA 374.

Subsec. (b):

Discussion of “cohabitation” and burden of producing evidence thereof for entitlement to a charge on the affirmative defense under statute. 181 C. 426. Cited. 209 C. 733; 233 C. 813.

Cited. 1 CA 724; 10 CA 709; 11 CA 102; 25 CA 384; 28 CA 581; judgment reversed, see 226 C. 601; 41 CA 604.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-125c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-125c
Sec. 53a-125c. Telephone fraud in the first degree: Class B felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Telephone fraud in the first degree is a class B felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-194 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-194
Sec. 53a-194. Obscenity: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Obscenity is a class B misdemeanor.

State has burden of presenting evidence of contemporary community standards in prosecution for obscenity, except where performance is so offensive that no conceivable community standard would permit it. 174 C. 46. Cited. 193 C. 612.

Cited. 28 CA 91.

Obscenity statute is not so vague or overly broad as to violate federal standards; section is presently immune from attack upon the grounds of vagueness or overbreadth at the federal level. 32 CS 639. Cited. 33 CS 681; 38 CS 570.

Cited. 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 656.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-37b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 939 / Section 53-37b
Sec. 53-37b. Deprivation of a person's equal rights and privileges by force or threat.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 52-571a re action for damages and other relief for violation of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-128i — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-128i
Sec. 53a-128i. Penalties for credit card crimes.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who is subject to the penalties of this subsection shall be guilty of a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-34b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 939 / Section 53-34b
Sec. 53-34b. Deprivation of the right to breast-feed one's child.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 54-195 re general penalty provision.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-250 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-250
Sec. 53a-250. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Access” means to instruct, communicate with, store data in or retrieve data from a computer, computer system or computer network.

(2) “Computer” means a programmable, electronic device capable of accepting and processing data.

(3) “Computer network” means (A) a set of related devices connected to a computer by communications facilities, or (B) a complex of two or more computers, including related devices, connected by communications facilities.

(4) “Computer program” means a set of instructions, statements or related data that, in actual or modified form, is capable of causing a computer or computer system to perform specified functions.

(5) “Computer services” includes, but is not limited to, computer access, data processing and data storage.

(6) “Computer software” means one or more computer programs, existing in any form, or any associated operational procedures, manuals or other documentation.

(7) “Computer system” means a computer, its software, related equipment, communications facilities, if any, and includes computer networks.

(8) “Data” means information of any kind in any form, including computer software.

(9) “Person” means a natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, partnership, incorporated or unincorporated association and any other legal or governmental entity, including any state or municipal entity or public official.

(10) “Private personal data” means data concerning a natural person which a reasonable person would want to keep private and which is protectable under law.

(11) “Property” means anything of value, including data.

See Sec. 53-451 re computer crimes.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-223 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-223
Sec. 53a-223. (Formerly Sec. 53a-110b). Criminal violation of a protective order: Class D or class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) No person who is listed as a protected person in such protective order may be criminally liable for (1) soliciting, requesting, commanding, importuning or intentionally aiding in the violation of the protective order pursuant to subsection (a) of section 53a-8 , or (2) conspiracy to violate such protective order pursuant to section 53a-48 .

(c) Criminal violation of a protective order is a class D felony, except that any violation of a protective order that involves (1) imposing any restraint upon the person or liberty of a person in violation of the protective order, or (2) threatening, harassing, assaulting, molesting, sexually assaulting or attacking a person in violation of the protective order is a class C felony.

Annotations to former section 53a-110b:

Section, as amended by P.A. 99-240, does not provide that validity of underlying protective order is a necessary element of offense. 273 C. 418.

Cited. 46 CA 661. Criminal violation of a protective order pursuant to section and harassment in the second degree pursuant to Sec. 53a-183(a)(3) constitute separate offenses for double jeopardy purposes. 61 CA 118.

Annotations to present section:

Crime requires only a showing of general intent and jury could reasonably infer from circumstantial evidence that defendant had intent to violate protective order and direct evidence of intent was not required. 280 C. 69.

There was sufficient evidence for the jury to conclude beyond a reasonable doubt that defendant had actual notice of the protective order where defendant had admitted he knew he was not supposed to be near complainant and there was testimony re standard courtroom procedure of explaining the terms of the order and giving a copy to defendant; court did not need to decide whether actual notice is an implicit element of section. 159 CA 598.

Subsec. (a):

Subsec. and Sec. 53a-217(a)(3)(A) are not the same offense, and conviction under both sections for the same transaction does not violate constitutional protection against double jeopardy. 307 C. 1.

Conviction under this section and Sec. 53a-107(a)(2) did not violate constitutional protection against double jeopardy because legislature intended multiple punishments for offense of trespassing in violation of a protective order. 97 CA 72. Conviction under this Subsec. and Sec. 53a-217(a)(3)(A) did not violate constitutional protection against double jeopardy because legislature intended multiple punishments for possessing a firearm in violation of a protective order. 122 CA 399; judgment affirmed, see 307 C. 1.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-390 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949a / Section 53-390
Sec. 53-390. Extortionate extension of credit. Conspiracy.
Status: in_force

(b) In any prosecution under this section, if it is shown that all of the following factors were present in connection with the extension of credit in question, there is prima facie evidence that the extension of credit was extortionate; but this subsection is nonexclusive and in no way limits the effect or applicability of subsection (a): (1) The repayment of the extension of credit, or the performance of any promise given in consideration thereof, would be unenforceable, through civil judicial processes against the debtor (A) in the jurisdiction within which the debtor, if a natural person, resided or (B) in every jurisdiction within which the debtor, if other than a natural person, was incorporated or qualified to do business at the time the extension of credit was made; (2) the extension of credit was made at a rate of interest in excess of the rate permitted under title 37 calculated according to the actuarial method of allocating payments made on a debt between principal and interest, pursuant to which a payment is applied first to the accumulated interest and the balance is applied to the unpaid principal; (3) at the time the extension of credit was made, the debtor reasonably believed that either (A) one or more extensions of credit by the creditor had been collected or attempted to be collected by extortionate means, or the nonrepayment thereof had been punished by extortionate means; or (B) the creditor had a reputation for the use of extortionate means to collect extensions of credit or to punish the nonrepayment thereof; (4) upon the making of the extension of credit, the total of the extensions of credit by the creditor to the debtor then outstanding, including any unpaid interest or similar charges, exceeded ten dollars.

(c) In any prosecution under this section, if evidence has been introduced tending to show the existence of any of the circumstances described in subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (b), and direct evidence of the actual belief of the debtor as to the creditor's collection practices is not available, then, for the purpose of showing the understanding of the debtor and the creditor at the time the extension of credit was made, the court may, in its discretion, allow evidence to be introduced tending to show the reputation as to collection practices of the creditor in any community of which the debtor was a member at the time of the extension.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-35b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-35b
Sec. 53a-35b. “Life imprisonment” defined.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 53a-35c re availability of sentence of life imprisonment without the possibility of release.

Cited. 198 C. 92; 201 C. 276; 207 C. 374; 215 C. 231; 216 C. 282; 219 C. 752; 220 C. 169; 221 C. 430; 234 C. 139. Statutory provision affects substantive rights; in the absence of any clear and unequivocal expression by legislature rebutting presumption of prospective application, statute does not apply retroactively to persons sentenced prior to its enactment. 282 C. 317. Section does not apply to indeterminate life sentences imposed pursuant to Sec. 53a-35(b)(1), regardless of when the sentence was imposed, but applies solely to definite life sentences imposed pursuant to Sec. 53a-35a. 300 C. 649.

Cited. 9 CA 686; 24 CA 612.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-179c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-179c
Sec. 53a-179c. Inciting to riot at correctional institution: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Inciting to riot at a correctional institution is a class C felony.

Cited. 32 CA 224.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-400 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949c / Section 53-400
Sec. 53-400. Duration of lien notice. Release, discharge or modification of lien notice.
Status: in_force

(b) The state's attorney filing the CORA lien notice may release in whole or in part any CORA lien notice or may release any specific property from the CORA lien notice upon such terms and conditions as he may determine. Any release of a CORA lien notice executed by the state's attorney shall be filed in the official records in which the CORA lien notice to which it relates has been filed. No charge or fee shall be imposed for the filing of any release of a CORA lien notice in this state.

(c) At any time after a CORA lien notice has been filed by a state's attorney or his designee pursuant to this chapter, the defendant or any state's attorney may, by motion to the court in which such action is pending, seek a discharge or modification of such notice.

(1) The clerk shall, upon the filing of such motion, immediately set a date for hearing, which date shall be not less than five nor more than ten days after the motion has been filed, and shall notify the parties thereof. At the hearing, the court shall determine whether there is probable cause to believe (A) that any property owned by the defendant is covered by the CORA lien notice; and if so, (B) that such property or any additional property not yet covered by such notice but sought by the state to be included therein is subject to forfeiture under this chapter. The state shall bear the burden of proof at such hearing and may present to the court affidavits, testimony under oath, or other evidence that would establish such probable cause. The defendant may appear and be heard on the issue. If the court concludes that, based on the evidence, there is no probable cause to believe that any property or a portion thereof, which is covered by the CORA lien notice is subject to forfeiture under this chapter, it shall discharge the CORA lien notice or shall modify such notice so that it applies only to the property which there is probable cause to believe is subject to forfeiture under this chapter.

(2) At the hearing set forth in subdivision (1) of this subsection, the court may release from the CORA lien notice any property, upon the posting by the defendant of such security as is equal to the value of the property owned by such defendant.

(3) The court shall release from the CORA lien notice any specific property if a sale of the property is pending and the filing of the notice prevents the sale of the property; provided, the proceeds resulting from the sale of the property shall be deposited with the clerk of the court, subject to the further order of the court.

(4) The proceeds of any sale transacted pursuant to subdivision (3) of this subsection and any security posted pursuant to subdivision (2) of this subsection shall be subject to forfeiture under this chapter to the extent that the property to which they relate otherwise would have been subject to forfeiture.

Cited. 206 C. 421; 229 C. 479.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-39 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-39
Sec. 53a-39. Reduction of sentence or discharge of defendant by sentencing court or judge. Statement by victim.
Status: in_force

(b) On and after October 1, 2021, at any time during the period of a sentence in which a defendant has been sentenced prior to, on or after October 1, 2021, to an executed period of incarceration of more than seven years as a result of a plea agreement, including an agreement in which there is an agreed upon range of sentence, upon agreement of the defendant and the state's attorney to seek review of the sentence, the sentencing court or judge may, after hearing and for good cause shown, reduce the sentence, order the defendant discharged, or order the defendant discharged on probation or conditional discharge for a period not to exceed that to which the defendant could have been originally sentenced.

(c) If, after a hearing pursuant to this section, the sentencing court or judge denies or grants in full a motion to reduce a defendant's sentence or discharge the defendant, the defendant may not file a subsequent motion for relief under this section until five years have elapsed from the date of the most recent decision denying such defendant relief pursuant to this section. If, after a hearing pursuant to this section, the sentencing court or judge grants in part a motion to reduce a defendant's sentence, the defendant may not file a subsequent motion for relief under this section until three years from the date of the most recent decision granting such defendant relief pursuant to this section.

(d) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any portion of a sentence imposed that is a mandatory minimum sentence for an offense which may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

(e) At the time the defendant files a motion with the court, the defendant shall provide the state with a copy of the motion and any materials and documentation filed with the court in support of such motion.

(f) At a hearing held by the sentencing court or judge under this section, such court or judge shall permit any victim of the crime to appear before the court or judge for the purpose of making a statement for the record concerning whether or not the sentence of the defendant should be reduced, the defendant should be discharged or the defendant should be discharged on probation or conditional discharge pursuant to subsection (a) or (b) of this section. In lieu of such appearance, the victim may submit a written statement to the court or judge and the court or judge shall make such statement a part of the record at the hearing. For the purposes of this subsection, “victim” means the victim, the legal representative of the victim or a member of the deceased victim's immediate family.

See Sec. 51-195 re sentence review by review division.

Cited. 184 C. 366; 187 C. 109; 200 C. 664; 208 C. 420; 210 C. 519; 214 C. 717. Does not confer continuing jurisdiction on trial court to entertain a motion for judgment of acquittal. 230 C. 427. Cited. 240 C. 708.

Cited. 3 CA 497; 9 CA 686; 12 CA 32. Term “sentence” refers to the aggregate or total effective sentence. 19 CA 631. Cited. 20 CA 467; 21 CA 557; 22 CA 601; 23 CA 201. Nothing in section or any other statute confers on trial court jurisdiction to entertain a motion for acquittal after service of a sentence has commenced. 32 CA 1. Section does not violate separation of powers doctrine. 39 CA 632. A definite sentence includes both its executed and suspended portions. 54 CA 387.

When the original sentence was defective, commitment for violation of probation is illegal. 31 CS 350. Cited. 40 CS 238; 41 CS 229.

Subsec. (a):

“Definite sentence” is intended to have same meaning in both this Subsec. and Sec. 54-125e and does not include a period of special parole. 272 C. 72.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-35a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-35a
Sec. 53a-35a. Imprisonment for felony committed on or after July 1, 1981. Definite sentence. Authorized term.
Status: repealed

(1) (A) For a capital felony committed prior to April 25, 2012, under the provisions of section 53a-54b in effect prior to April 25, 2012, a term of life imprisonment without the possibility of release unless a sentence of death is imposed in accordance with section 53a-46a , or (B) for the class A felony of murder with special circumstances committed on or after April 25, 2012, under the provisions of section 53a-54b in effect on or after April 25, 2012, a term of life imprisonment without the possibility of release;

(2) For the class A felony of murder, a term not less than twenty-five years nor more than life;

(3) For the class A felony of aggravated sexual assault of a minor under section 53a-70c , a term not less than twenty-five years or more than fifty years;

(4) For a class A felony other than an offense specified in subdivision (2) or (3) of this section, a term not less than ten years nor more than twenty-five years;

(5) For the class B felony of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm under section 53a-55a , a term not less than five years nor more than forty years;

(6) For a class B felony other than manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm under section 53a-55a , a term not less than one year nor more than twenty years;

(7) For a class C felony, a term not less than one year nor more than ten years;

(8) For a class D felony, a term not more than five years;

(9) For a class E felony, a term not more than three years; and

(10) For an unclassified felony, a term in accordance with the sentence specified in the section of the general statutes that defines or provides the penalty for the crime.

See Sec. 53a-41 re fines for felonies.

See Sec. 53a-54e re construction of statutes re capital felony committed prior to April 25, 2012.

Cited. 196 C. 655; 197 C. 337; 198 C. 92; Id., 671; 200 C. 268; Id., 664; 201 C. 598; 202 C. 93; 210 C. 519; 211 C. 258; 212 C. 31. Definite sentencing scheme for any felony under section implicitly repealed indeterminate sentencing aspect of Sec. 21a-278(a). 214 C. 378. Cited. 218 C. 273; 219 C. 752; 220 C. 169; 225 C. 559; 230 C. 109; 234 C. 139; Id., 735; 235 C. 502; Id., 679; 238 C. 389; 240 C. 743. Sec. 53a-35b does not apply to indeterminate life sentences imposed pursuant to Sec. 53a-35(b)(1), regardless of when the sentence was imposed, but applies solely to definite life sentences imposed pursuant to this section. 300 C. 649. Death penalty unconstitutional under Art. I, Secs. 8 and 9 of Connecticut Constitution. 318 C. 1.

Cited. 6 CA 680; 8 CA 177; Id., 491; 9 CA 686; 10 CA 486; Id., 659; 12 CA 403; 15 CA 416; 19 CA 571; 23 CA 201; 32 CA 759; 35 CA 714; 42 CA 348. An offender who has reached the age of 18 is not considered a juvenile for sentencing procedures and eighth amendment protections articulated in Miller v. Alabama , 132 S. Ct. 2455. 173 CA 559.

Subdiv. (1):

Cited. 207 C. 374; 235 C. 206. The sentencing of an offender to life imprisonment without the possibility of release pursuant to Subdiv. where the offender was under 18 when the crime was committed does not violate constitutional prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment. 289 C. 550.

Subdiv. (2):

Cited. 216 C. 282. Trial court properly determined that imposition of a mandatory minimum sentence of not less than 25 years imprisonment did not constitute cruel and unusual punishment for a 15-year-old convicted of murder. 290 C. 209. Holding in Miller v. Alabama , 132 S. Ct. 2455, applies retroactively to cases on collateral review; life sentence for a juvenile includes a sentence of 50 years or more. 317 C. 52.

Cited. 34 CA 58, 93; judgment reversed, see 232 C. 537.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-303 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 946 / Section 53-303
Sec. 53-303. Persons who observe Saturday excepted from Sunday law.
Status: in_force

Cited. 73 C. 625; 143 C. 502. Discussion of constitutionality of Sunday closing laws or Blue Laws. 177 C. 304.

Cited. 33 CS 717.

Cited. 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 492.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-206b — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-206b
Sec. 53-206b. Unlawful training in use of firearms, explosive or incendiary devices or techniques capable of causing injury. Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(1) “Civil disorder” means a public disturbance involving acts of violence by a group of three or more persons which causes an immediate danger of or results in damage to the property of or injury to any other person.

(2) “Explosive or incendiary device” means (A) dynamite and all other forms of high explosives, (B) any explosive bomb, grenade, missile or similar device, and (C) any incendiary bomb or grenade, fire bomb or similar device, including any device which (i) consists of or includes a breakable container which contains a flammable liquid or compound and a wick composed of any material which, when ignited, is capable of igniting such flammable liquid or compound, and (ii) can be carried or thrown by an individual.

(3) “Firearm” means a firearm as defined in section 53a-3 .

(b) No person shall (1) teach or demonstrate to any person the use, application or making of any firearm, explosive or incendiary device, or technique capable of causing injury or death to a person, knowing or intending that such firearm, explosive, incendiary device or technique will be unlawfully employed for use in, or in furtherance of, a civil disorder; or (2) assemble with one or more persons for the purpose of training with, practicing with or being instructed in the use of any firearm, explosive or incendiary device, or technique capable of causing injury or death to a person, intending to employ unlawfully such firearm, explosive, incendiary device or technique for use in, or in furtherance of, a civil disorder.

(c) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be guilty of a class C felony.

(d) Nothing in this section shall make unlawful any act of any peace officer, as defined in section 53a-3 , performed in the lawful discharge of his official duties.

See chapter 505 re private military forces.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-24 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-24
Sec. 53a-24. Offense defined. Application of sentencing provisions to motor vehicle and drug selling violators.
Status: in_force

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, the provisions of sections 53a-28 to 53a-44 , inclusive, shall apply to motor vehicle violations. Said provisions shall apply to convictions under section 21a-278 except that the execution of any mandatory minimum sentence imposed under the provisions of said section may not be suspended.

Cited. 166 C. 449; 209 C. 98; 226 C. 191; 228 C. 758; 229 C. 716.

Cited. 6 CA 505; 9 CA 686; 22 CA 108; 24 CA 195; 27 CA 225; 41 CA 454; 45 CA 722. Defendant charged with an infraction has no constitutional right to a jury trial because such right applies only to criminal prosecutions, and an infraction is not a crime pursuant to section. 134 CA 175. Classification by legislature of infractions as noncriminal acts payable by fine operates as a presumption that infractions do not constitute criminal offenses for purposes of double jeopardy analysis, albeit one that is rebuttable by clear proof to the contrary. Id., 346.

Cited. 36 CS 527; Id., 551.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-40a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-40a
Sec. 53a-40a. Persistent offenders of crimes involving bigotry or bias. Authorized sentences.
Status: in_force

(b) When any person has been found to be a persistent offender of crimes involving bigotry or bias, the court shall: (1) In lieu of imposing the sentence authorized for the crime under section 53a-35a if the crime is a felony, impose the sentence of imprisonment authorized by said section for the next more serious degree of felony, or (2) in lieu of imposing the sentence authorized for the crime under section 53a-36 if the crime is a misdemeanor, impose the sentence of imprisonment authorized by said section for the next more serious degree of misdemeanor, except that if the crime is a class A misdemeanor the court shall impose the sentence of imprisonment for a class D felony as authorized by section 53a-35a .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-454 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 949g / Section 53-454
Sec. 53-454. Misrepresentation as on-line Internet business. Civil enforcement by Attorney General or aggrieved person. Damages. Exclusions. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(1) “Electronic mail message” means a message sent to a unique destination that consists of a unique user name or mailbox and a reference to an Internet domain, whether or not displayed, to which such message can be sent or delivered.

(2) “Identifying information” means specific details that can be used to access a person's financial accounts or to obtain goods or services, including, but not limited to, such person's Social Security number, driver's license number, bank account number, credit or debit card number, personal identification number, automated or electronic signature, unique biometric data or account password.

(b) No person shall, by means of an Internet web page, electronic mail message or otherwise using the Internet, solicit, request or take any action to induce another person to provide identifying information by representing that the person, either directly or by implication, is an on-line Internet business, without the authority or approval of such on-line Internet business.

(c) The Attorney General or any person aggrieved by a violation of subsection (b) of this section may file a civil action in Superior Court to enforce the provisions of this section and to enjoin further violations of this section. The Attorney General or such aggrieved person may recover actual damages or twenty-five thousand dollars, whichever is greater, for each violation of subsection (b) of this section.

(d) In a civil action under subsection (c) of this section, the court may increase the damage award to an amount equal to not more than three times the award provided in said subsection (c) if the court determines that the defendant has engaged in a pattern and practice of violating subsection (b) of this section.

(e) An interactive computer service provider shall not be held liable or found in violation of this section for identifying, removing or disabling access to an Internet web page or other on-line location that such provider believes in good faith is being used to engage in a violation of this section.

(f) A violation of subsection (b) of this section shall be a class D felony. Multiple violations resulting from a single action or act shall constitute one violation for the purposes of this subsection.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-295 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-295
Sec. 53a-295. Vendor fraud in the fifth degree: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Vendor fraud in the fifth degree is a class B misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-144 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-144
Sec. 53a-144. Unlawfully using slugs in the first degree: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Unlawfully using slugs in the first degree is a class B misdemeanor.

Cited. 11 CA 161.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-368 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 948 / Section 53-368
Sec. 53-368. Falsely certifying as to administration of oath.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 1-24 re officers empowered to administer oaths.

Statute not void for vagueness; it is sufficiently explicit to guide persons of ordinary intelligence; “false” imports requirement of specific intent to deceive. 175 C. 279.

Cited. 5 CA 616.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-20 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 939 / Section 53-20
Sec. 53-20. Cruelty to persons.
Status: in_force

(2) Any person who, with criminal negligence, deprives another person of necessary food, clothing, shelter or proper physical care shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(b) (1) Any person who, having the control and custody of any child under the age of nineteen years, in any capacity whatsoever, intentionally maltreats, tortures, overworks or cruelly or unlawfully punishes such child or intentionally deprives such child of necessary food, clothing or shelter shall be guilty of a class D felony.

(2) Any person who, having the control and custody of any child under the age of nineteen years, in any capacity whatsoever, with criminal negligence, deprives such child of necessary food, clothing or shelter shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

Formerly, trial justice could take final jurisdiction of offense against section. 115 C. 600. The word “unlawfully” does not connote “inhuman or barbarous treatment”, but should be construed within the rule of statutory construction that a general word, following a particular enumeration, is intended to apply only to matters of the same general character. 165 C. 288.

Defendant possessed the mental state required for conviction because she intended to do the proscribed act; conviction requires proof of general intent. 131 CA 65; judgment affirmed, see 308 C. 835.

Cited. 26 CS 316; 37 CS 664.

Cited. 4 Conn. Cir. Ct. 571. Evidence that defendant, mother of premature twin babies, failed to obtain medical aid or other care for them was sufficient to support jury's verdict holding her guilty of crime of cruelty to persons upon death of one and severe illness of other child. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 698.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-142 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-142
Sec. 53a-142. Forgery of symbols: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Forgery of symbols of value is a class A misdemeanor.

Cited. 11 CA 161; 47 CA 1.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-124 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-124
Sec. 53a-124. Larceny in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Larceny in the third degree is a class D felony.

See Sec. 53a-212 re stealing a firearm.

Cited. 184 C. 95; Id., 258; Id., 434; 185 C. 260; 187 C. 292; Id., 444; 189 C. 364; 190 C. 715; 191 C. 180; 194 C. 198; Id., 233; Id., 623; 197 C. 247; 200 C. 586; 207 C. 109; 213 C. 233; 232 C. 431; judgment superseded by en banc reconsideration, see 235 C. 502; 241 C. 439.

Cited. 3 CA 503; 7 CA 326; 8 CA 13; Id., 342; Id., 478; Id., 667; 9 CA 141; 10 CA 258; 12 CA 196; 14 CA 159; Id., 272; 18 CA 368; 19 CA 48; 20 CA 810; 23 CA 201; 25 CA 298; 29 CA 843; 32 CA 476; 33 CA 339; judgment reversed in part, see 232 C. 431; judgment reversed, see 235 C. 502; Id., 368; 38 CA 643; 41 CA 751; 46 CA 691.

Cited. 36 CS 578; Id., 583; Id., 603; 37 CS 678; Id., 796.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 169 C. 161; 176 C. 239; 178 C. 287; 179 C. 576; 182 C. 397; 186 C. 222; 189 C. 461; 190 C. 104; 195 C. 567; 199 C. 88; 214 C. 132; 221 C. 685; 230 C. 351; 232 C. 740; 235 C. 502; 239 C. 235; 241 C. 702.

Cited. 6 CA 697; 10 CA 486; 12 CA 1; 14 CA 256; 15 CA 122; 19 CA 521; 21 CA 431; 24 CA 697; 26 CA 279; 28 CA 306; 33 CA 603; 37 CA 219; Id., 482; 39 CA 579; 41 CA 695; 43 CA 613; 46 CA 269. Subdiv. (2): Defendant's conviction of and sentencing under this Subdiv. and Secs. 53a-48(a) and 53a-123(a)(3) constitute multiple punishments for the same offense and violate defendant's right against double jeopardy. 176 CA 687.

Cited. 33 CS 669; Id., 706; 34 CS 603; Id., 656.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-180d — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-180d
Sec. 53a-180d. Misuse of the emergency 9-1-1 system: Class B or A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Misuse of the emergency 9-1-1 system is a (1) class B misdemeanor for a violation of subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of this section, or (2) class A misdemeanor for a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-56a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-56a
Sec. 53a-56a. Manslaughter in the second degree with a firearm: Class C felony: One year not suspendable.
Status: in_force

(b) Manslaughter in the second degree with a firearm is a class C felony for which one year of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

Cited. 199 C. 631; 201 C. 174; 207 C. 191; Id., 412; 216 C. 282; Id., 699; 227 C. 456; 228 C. 281.

Cited. 10 CA 697.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-125b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-125b
Sec. 53a-125b. Larceny in the sixth degree: Class C misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Larceny in the sixth degree is a class C misdemeanor.

Cited. 201 C. 559; 202 C. 369; 203 C. 682; 208 C. 387; 210 C. 435; 212 C. 50; 213 C. 233; 237 C. 613; 241 C. 439. Convictions under this section, Sec. 53a-129d and Sec. 53a-128d(2) do not violate the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy. 326 C. 310. When circumstantial evidence is capable of raising the logical inference of ownership, such evidence is sufficient as a matter of law despite the absence of testimony by the owner identifying the specific property as his own. 327 C. 297.

Cited. 3 CA 132; 4 CA 676; 5 CA 599; 10 CA 130; Id., 503; 13 CA 214; Id., 438; Id., 578; 14 CA 88; Id., 205; Id., 272; Id., 309; 15 CA 197; 17 CA 273; 19 CA 48; 23 CA 123; 28 CA 195; 29 CA 843; 33 CA 432; 37 CA 228; 39 CA 384; 44 CA 125; 46 CA 778. Statutory requirement of “value” set forth in statute is satisfied where witness testified about the usefulness of coats that had been left in her vehicle; it was not necessary to prove coats were spun from silk or fashioned from the finest cloth to satisfy statutory requirement of “value”. 101 CA 144.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 214 C. 161.

Cited. 24 CA 502; 28 CA 469; 37 CA 482; 38 CA 643; 45 CA 6. No double jeopardy where defendant convicted of larceny in the sixth degree and robbery in the third degree. 100 CA 122. Ownership of property by store could not be inferred from evidence offered by state concerning value of such property, and state therefor failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt an essential element of larceny in the sixth degree. 163 CA 810; judgment reversed in part, see 327 C. 297. Evidence insufficient to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that defendant or alleged coconspirator stole headphones, either as a substantive crime or as overt act in furtherance of conspiracy to commit larceny under Sec. 53a-48. 164 CA 25.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-70c — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-70c
Sec. 53a-70c. Aggravated sexual assault of a minor: Class A felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Aggravated sexual assault of a minor is a class A felony and any person found guilty under this section shall, for a first offense, be sentenced to a term of imprisonment, twenty-five years of which may not be suspended or reduced by the court and, for any subsequent offense, be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of fifty years which may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

For purposes of double jeopardy, Secs. 53-21(a)(2) and 53a-70(a)(2) are essential elements of this section when they are charged as predicate offenses, therefore, the harms targeted by those sections necessarily coexist in every prosecution under this section in which those sections are alleged as predicate offenses; it is not clear from legislative history that legislature intended to specifically authorize cumulative convictions and sentences under this section and Secs. 53-21(a)(2) and 53a-70(a)(2). 170 CA 501.

Subsec. (a):

Subdivs. (1) and (6) constitute separately punishable offenses pursuant to test set forth in 284 U.S. 299; because Subdivs. (1) and (6) each require proof of a fact that the other does not, and because nothing in either the statutory text or legislative history of section reveals a contrary legislative intent, multiple convictions under section for the same transaction do not violate the double jeopardy clause. 319 C. 684.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-186 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-186
Sec. 53a-186. Public indecency: Class B misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) Public indecency is a class B misdemeanor.

Cited. 18 CA 482; 29 CA 591; 37 CA 534.

Cited. 38 CS 313; Id., 661.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-210 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-210
Sec. 53-210. Refusal to relinquish telephone party line.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 53a-183b re interfering with emergency call as class A misdemeanor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-39 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 939 / Section 53-39
Sec. 53-39. Malicious prosecution.
Status: in_force

A conviction in a lower court, although reversed on appeal, is conclusive evidence of probable cause unless plaintiff can establish that his conviction was obtained by fraud, perjury or other corrupt means. 147 C. 704. Cited. 224 C. 29.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-212 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-212
Sec. 53-212. Use of Roentgen-rays, x-rays and radium.
Status: in_force

(b) Any person who violates any provision of subsection (a) shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than three hundred dollars or be imprisoned not more than one year or be both fined and imprisoned for the first offense, and for each subsequent offense shall be fined not less than two hundred dollars nor more than five hundred dollars or be imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than one year or be both fined and imprisoned.

(c) The provisions of this section shall not be construed to prohibit the use of the Roentgen-ray or the x-ray for diagnostic purposes.

Cited. 5 CA 113.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-142a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-142a
Sec. 53a-142a. Filing a false record: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) A person is guilty of filing a false record under sections 42a-9-501 to 42a-9-526 , inclusive, when with intent to defraud, deceive, injure or harass another, he or she files, or causes to be filed with the Secretary of the State or a municipality, a record he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is false.

(c) Filing of a false record is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-37 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 939 / Section 53-37
Sec. 53-37. Ridicule on account of creed, religion, color, denomination, nationality or race.
Status: in_force

Legislature intended to limit scope of section to commercial speech, as evidenced by its use of “advertisement”, which involves the marketing or sale of products, goods or services and section does not apply to personal, noncommercial speech. 346 C. 422.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-181j — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-181j
Sec. 53a-181j. Intimidation based on bigotry or bias in the first degree: Class C felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Intimidation based on bigotry or bias in the first degree is a class C felony, for which three thousand dollars of the fine imposed may not be remitted or reduced by the court unless the court states on the record its reasons for remitting or reducing such fine.

See Sec. 52-571c re action for damages and other relief for violation of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-59a — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-59a
Sec. 53a-59a. Assault of an elderly, blind, disabled or pregnant person or a person with intellectual disability in the first degree: Class B felony: Five years not suspendable.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall be found guilty of assault in the first degree and assault of an elderly, blind, disabled or pregnant person or a person with intellectual disability in the first degree upon the same incident of assault but such person may be charged and prosecuted for both such offenses upon the same information.

(c) In any prosecution for an offense under this section based on the victim being pregnant it shall be an affirmative defense that the actor, at the time such actor engaged in the conduct constituting the offense, did not know the victim was pregnant. In any prosecution for an offense under this section based on the victim being a person with intellectual disability, it shall be an affirmative defense that the actor, at the time such actor engaged in the conduct constituting the offense, did not know the victim was a person with intellectual disability.

(d) Assault of an elderly, blind, disabled or pregnant person or a person with intellectual disability in the first degree is a class B felony and any person found guilty under this section shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which five years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

See Secs. 53a-321 to 53a-323, inclusive, re abuse of elderly, blind or disabled person or person with intellectual disability.

Cited. 180 C. 557; 207 C. 412; 211 C. 1; 216 C. 282; 230 C. 608.

Cited. 5 CA 590; 14 CA 1; 20 CA 467; Id., 521; 35 CA 609.

Subsec. (a):

Cited. 235 C. 502.

Cited. 28 CA 402; 40 CA 387. Subdivs. (1) and (5) do not proscribe the same offense for double jeopardy purposes. 98 CA 85.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-182b — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-182b
Sec. 53a-182b. Harassment in the first degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) For the purposes of this section, such offense may be deemed to have been committed either at the place where the communication originated or at the place where it was received.

(c) The court may order any person convicted under this section to be examined by one or more psychiatrists.

(d) Harassment in the first degree is a class D felony.

Cited. 45 CA 408.

Cited. 43 CS 46.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-181f — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-181f
Sec. 53a-181f. Electronic stalking: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) For purposes of subsection (a) of this section, (1) “immediate family member” means (A) a spouse, parent, brother or sister or a child of the person or person to whom the person stands in loco parentis, or (B) any person living in the household and related to the person by blood or marriage, and (2) “intimate partner” means a (A) former spouse, (B) person who has a child in common with the person regardless of whether they are or have been married or are living or have lived together at any time, or (C) person in, or who has recently been in, a dating relationship with the person.

(c) Electronic stalking is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-254 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-254
Sec. 53a-254. Computer crime in the third degree: Class D felony.
Status: in_force

(b) Computer crime in the third degree is a class D felony.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-217d — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-217d
Sec. 53a-217d. Criminal possession of body armor: Class A misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

(b) For the purposes of this section, “body armor” means any material designed to be worn on the body and to provide bullet penetration resistance and “convicted” means having a judgment of conviction entered by a court of competent jurisdiction.

(c) Criminal possession of body armor is a class A misdemeanor.

See Sec. 53-341b re restriction on sale or delivery of body armor.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-187 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-187
Sec. 53a-187. Definitions. Applicability.
Status: in_force

(b) This section and sections 53a-188 and 53a-189 shall not apply to wiretapping by criminal law enforcement officials in the lawful performance of their duties and do not affect the admissibility of evidence in any proceedings other than a prosecution for eavesdropping or tampering with private communications.

Cited. 171 C. 524; 212 C. 195; 224 C. 593; 238 C. 692.

Cited. 15 CA 529.

Cordless telephone conversations are protected telephonic communications. 45 CS 497.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-100aa — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-100aa
Sec. 53a-100aa. Home invasion: Class A felony.
Status: in_force

(b) An act shall be deemed “in the course of committing” the offense if it occurs in an attempt to commit the offense or flight after the attempt or commission.

(c) Home invasion is a class A felony and any person found guilty under this section shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which ten years may not be suspended or reduced by the court.

Subsec. (a)(2): It is possible to commit the crime of home invasion without committing the crime of attempt to commit assault in the first degree, therefore home invasion in violation of Subdiv. and attempt to commit assault in the first degree in violation of Secs. 53a-59(a)(1) and 53a-49 are not the same offense for purposes of double jeopardy. 343 C. 470.

Subsec. (a)(1): Defendant could not be convicted of attempt to commit home invasion without proof beyond a reasonable doubt that it was specifically defendant who intended to commit a felony in the dwelling. 187 CA 333. Subsec. (a): The express language of Subsec. does not require that defendant enter the dwelling using force or cause any damage upon entering, although evidence of forced entry may be probative of unlawful entry. 192 CA 221.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-128 — Connecticut Code / Title 53a / Chapter 952 / Section 53a-128
Sec. 53a-128. Issuing a bad check. Penalties.
Status: in_force

(b) For the purposes of this section, an issuer is presumed to know that the check or order, other than a postdated check or order, would not be paid, if: (1) The issuer had no account with the drawee at the time the check or order was issued; or (2) payment was refused by the drawee for insufficient funds upon presentation within thirty days after issue and the issuer failed to make good within eight days after receiving notice of such refusal. For the purposes of this subsection, an issuer is presumed to have received notice of such refusal if the drawee or payee provides proof of mailing such notice by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the issuer at his last-known address.

(c) Issuing a bad check is: (1) A class D felony if the amount of the check was more than two thousand dollars; (2) a class A misdemeanor if the amount of the check was more than one thousand dollars but not more than two thousand dollars; (3) a class B misdemeanor if the amount of the check was more than five hundred dollars but not more than one thousand dollars; or (4) a class C misdemeanor if the amount of the check was five hundred dollars or less.

Cited. 202 C. 443.

Cited. 20 CA 811.

Cited. 34 CS 584. Ability of court to order personal restitution in amount of bad corporate check when there is no finding as to the ability of defendant to pay or as to the extent of his gain; restitution properly ordered against individual defendant issuer of bad corporate check. 35 CS 536.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-201 — Connecticut Code / Title 53 / Chapter 943 / Section 53-201
Sec. 53-201. Witnessing or aiding prize fights.
Status: in_force

See chapter 532a re boxing and mixed martial arts.