Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4-301 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4 / Section 42a-4-301
Sec. 42a-4-301. Deferred posting. Recovery of payment by return of items. Time of dishonor. Return of items by payor bank.
Status: in_force

(b) If a demand item is received by a payor bank for credit on its books, it may return the item or send notice of dishonor and may revoke any credit given or recover the amount thereof withdrawn by its customer, if it acts within the time limit and in the manner specified in subsection (a).

(c) Unless previous notice of dishonor has been sent, an item is dishonored at the time when for purposes of dishonor it is returned or notice sent in accordance with this section.

(d) An item is returned: (1) As to an item presented through a clearinghouse, when it is delivered to the presenting or last collecting bank or to the clearinghouse or is sent or delivered in accordance with clearinghouse rules; or (2) in all other cases, when it is sent or delivered to the bank's customer or transferor or pursuant to instructions.

Cited. 230 C. 486; 232 C. 167.

Cited. 32 CS 174.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-326 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-326
Sec. 42a-9-326. Priority of security interests created by new debtor.
Status: in_force

(b) The other provisions of this part determine the priority among conflicting security interests in the same collateral perfected by filed financing statements described in subsection (a) of this section. However, if the security agreements to which a new debtor became bound as debtor were not entered into by the same original debtor, the conflicting security interests rank according to priority in time of the new debtor's having become bound.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-472a — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743dd / Section 42-472a
Sec. 42-472a. Privacy protection guaranty and enforcement account.
Status: in_force

(b) Payments received pursuant to section 42-470 , 42-471 , 42-471a or 42-472b or any regulation adopted pursuant to section 42-472d , shall be credited to the privacy protection guaranty and enforcement account. Any money in the privacy protection guaranty and enforcement account may be invested or reinvested and any interest arising from such investments shall be credited to said account.

(c) Whenever an individual obtains a court judgment against any person or entity for a violation of section 42-470 , 42-471 , 42-471a or 42-472b or any regulation adopted pursuant to section 42-472d , such individual may, upon the final determination of, or expiration of time for appeal in connection with any such judgment, apply to the Commissioner of Consumer Protection for an order directing payment out of said account of the amount unpaid upon the judgment for actual damages and costs taxed by the court against the person or entity, exclusive of punitive damages. The application shall be made on forms provided by the commissioner and shall be accompanied by a certified copy of the court judgment obtained against the person or entity, together with a notarized affidavit, signed and sworn to by the individual, affirming that the individual: (1) Has complied with all the requirements of this subsection; (2) has obtained a judgment stating the amount thereof and the amount owing thereon at the date of application; and (3) except for a judgment obtained by the individual in small claims court, has caused to be issued a writ of execution upon such judgment, and the officer executing the same has made a return showing that no bank accounts or real property of the person or entity liable to be levied upon in satisfaction of the judgment could be found, or that the amount realized on the sale of them or of such of them as were found, under the execution, was insufficient to satisfy the actual damage portion of the judgment, or stating the amount realized and the balance remaining due on the judgment after application thereon of the amount realized. A true and attested copy of such executing officer's return, when required, shall be attached to such application and affidavit.

(d) Upon receipt of such application together with such certified copy of the court judgment, notarized affidavit and true and attested copy of the executing officer's return, when required, the commissioner or the commissioner's designee shall inspect such documents for their veracity and upon a determination that such documents are complete and authentic, and a determination that the individual has not been paid, the commissioner shall order payment out of said account of the amount unpaid upon the judgment for actual damages and costs taxed by the court against the person or entity, exclusive of punitive damages.

(e) Whenever an individual is awarded an order of restitution against any person or entity for loss or damages sustained by reason of a violation of section 42-470 , 42-471a or 42-472b or any regulation adopted pursuant to section 42-472d in a proceeding brought by the Attorney General at the request of the commissioner pursuant to section 42-470 or 42-471 or in a proceeding brought by the Attorney General, such individual may, upon the final determination of, or expiration of time for appeal in connection with any such order of restitution, apply to the commissioner for an order directing payment out of said account of the amount unpaid upon the order of restitution. The commissioner may issue such order upon a determination that the individual has not been paid.

(f) Before the commissioner shall issue any order directing payment out of the account to an individual pursuant to this section, the commissioner shall first notify the person or entity of the individual's application for an order directing payment out of the account and of the person or entity's right to a hearing to contest the disbursement in the event that the person or entity has already paid the individual. Such notice shall be given to the person or entity not later than fifteen days after the receipt by the commissioner of the individual's application for an order directing payment out of said account. If the person or entity requests a hearing in writing by certified mail not later than fifteen days after receipt of the notice from the commissioner, the commissioner shall grant such request and shall conduct a hearing in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54. If the commissioner receives no written request by certified mail from the person or entity for a hearing not later than fifteen days after the person's or entity's receipt of such notice, the commissioner shall determine that the individual has not been paid, and the commissioner shall issue an order directing payment out of said account for the amount unpaid upon the judgment for actual damages and costs taxed by the court against the person or entity, exclusive of punitive damages, or for the amount unpaid upon the order of restitution.

(g) The commissioner or the commissioner's designee may proceed against any person or entity for an order of restitution arising from loss or damages sustained by any individual by reason of such person's or entity's violation of any of the provisions of section 42-470 , 42-471 , 42-471a or 42-472b or any regulation adopted pursuant to section 42-472d . Any such proceeding shall be held in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54. In the course of such proceeding, the commissioner or the commissioner's designee shall decide whether to order restitution arising from such loss or damages, and whether to order payment out of said account. The commissioner or the commissioner's designee may hear complaints of all individuals submitting claims against a single person or entity in one proceeding.

(h) No application for an order directing payment out of said account shall be made later than three years from the final determination of or expiration of time for appeal in connection with any judgment or order of restitution.

(i) Whenever an individual satisfies the commissioner or the commissioner's designee that it is not practicable to comply with the requirements of subdivision (3) of subsection (c) of this section and that the individual has taken all reasonable steps to collect the amount of the judgment or the unsatisfied part thereof and has been unable to collect the same, said commissioner or said designee may, in his or her discretion, dispense with the necessity for complying with such requirement.

(j) In order to preserve the integrity of said account, the commissioner, in his or her sole discretion, may order payment out of said account of an amount less than the actual loss or damages incurred by the individual or less than the order of restitution awarded by the commissioner or the Superior Court.

(k) If the money deposited in said account is insufficient to satisfy any duly authorized claim or portion thereof, the commissioner shall, when sufficient money has been deposited in the account, satisfy such unpaid claims or portions thereof, in the order that such claims or portions thereof were originally determined.

(l) When the commissioner has caused any sum to be paid from said account to an individual, the commissioner shall be subrogated to all of the rights of the individual up to the amount paid plus reasonable interest, and prior to receipt of any payment from said account, the individual shall assign all of this right, title and interest in the claim up to such amount to the commissioner, and any amount and interest recovered by the commissioner on the claim shall be deposited in said account.

(m) If the commissioner orders the payment of any amount as a result of a claim against any party, said commissioner shall determine if the person or entity is possessed of assets liable to be sold or applied in satisfaction of the claim on said account. If the commissioner discovers any such assets, the Attorney General shall take any action necessary for the reimbursement of said account.

(n) If the commissioner orders the payment of an amount as a result of a claim against any party, said commissioner may enter into an agreement with the party whereby the party agrees to repay said account in full in the form of periodic payments over a set period of time.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42b-1 — Connecticut Code / Title 42b / Chapter 748 / Section 42b-1
Sec. 42b-1. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(a) “Authorized officer” means any individual required or permitted, alone or with others, by any provision of law or by the issuing public entity, to execute on behalf of the public entity a certificated registered public obligation or a writing relating to an uncertificated registered public obligation.

(b) “Certificated registered public obligation” means a registered public obligation which is represented by an instrument.

(c) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended.

(d) “Facsimile seal” means the reproduction by engraving, imprinting, stamping or other means of the seal of the issuer, official or official body.

(e) “Facsimile signature” means the reproduction by engraving, imprinting, stamping or other means of a manual signature.

(f) “Financial intermediary” means a bank, broker, clearing corporation or other person or the nominee of any of them, which in the ordinary course of its business maintains registered public obligation accounts for its customers, when so acting.

(g) “Issuer” means a public entity which issues an obligation.

(h) “Obligation” means an agreement of a public entity to pay principal and any interest thereon, whether in the form of a contract to repay borrowed money, a lease, an installment purchase agreement, or otherwise, and includes a share, participation, or other interest in any such agreement.

(i) “Official actions” means the actions, by statute, order, ordinance, resolution, contract or other authorized means, by which the issuer provides for issuance of a registered public obligation.

(j) “Official or official body” means the officer or board that is empowered under the laws of one or more states, including this state, or by the charter, ordinance, resolution or other authorization of the issuer, to provide for original issuance of an obligation of the issuer, by defining the obligation and its terms, conditions and other incidents, the successor or successors of any such official or official body and such other person or group of persons as shall be assigned duties of such official or official body with respect to a registered public obligation under applicable law from time to time.

(k) “Public entity” means any entity, department or agency which is empowered under the laws of one or more states or territories, the District of Columbia or possessions of the United States, including this state, to issue obligations any interest with respect to which may, under any provision of law, be provided an exemption from the income tax referred to in the code. The term “public entity” shall include, without limitation, this state, an entity deriving powers from and acting pursuant to the state Constitution or a special legislative act, a town, a city, a borough, a consolidated town and city, a consolidated town and borough, a regional school district or other special district, any other political subdivision or municipal corporation, a joint agreement entity, a public authority, a public trust, a nonprofit corporation and other organizations.

(l) “Registered public obligation” means an obligation issued by a public entity pursuant to a system of registration.

(m) “System of registration” means a plan that provides: (1) With respect to a certificated registered public obligation, that: (A) The certificated registered public obligation specify a person entitled to the registered public obligation and the rights it represents; and (B) transfer of the certificated registered public obligation and the rights it represents may be registered upon books maintained for that purpose by or on behalf of the issuer; and (2) with respect to a uncertificated registered public obligation, that: (A) Books maintained by or on behalf of the issuer for the purpose of registration of the transfer of a registered public obligation specify a person entitled to the registered public obligation and the rights evidenced thereby; and (B) transfer of the uncertificated registered public obligation and the rights evidenced thereby be registered upon such books.

(n) “Uncertificated registered public obligation” means a registered public obligation which is not represented by an instrument.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-153 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 742 / Section 42-153
Sec. 42-153. Coverage.
Status: in_force

(b) Exclusions. Mortgages, deeds of real estate, insurance policies and documents relating to securities transactions are not consumer contracts.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-481 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743ff / Section 42-481
Sec. 42-481. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Commission” means compensation that accrues to a sales representative, for payment by a principal, at a rate expressed as a percentage of the dollar amount of sales, orders or profits or any other method of compensation agreed to between a sales representative and principal including, but not limited to, fees for services and retainers;

(2) “Person” means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, unincorporated association, trust or estate;

(3) “Principal” means a person who: (A) Manufactures, produces, imports, sells or distributes a product or service, (B) establishes a business relationship with a sales representative to solicit orders for a product or service, and (C) compensates a sales representative, in whole, or in part, by commission;

(4) “Sales representative” means a person who: (A) Establishes a business relationship with a principal to solicit orders for products or services, and (B) is compensated in whole, or in part, by commission. “Sales representative” does not include an employee or a person who places orders or purchases on the person's own account or for resale or a seller, as defined in subsection (c) of section 42-134a ; and

(5) “Termination” means the end of the business relationship between a sales representative and a principal, whether by the principal or the sales representative, or by operation of the terms of a contract.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-307 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-307
Sec. 42a-9-307. Location of debtor.
Status: in_force

(b) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the following rules determine a debtor's location:

(1) A debtor who is an individual is located at the individual's principal residence.

(2) A debtor that is an organization and has only one place of business is located at its place of business.

(3) A debtor that is an organization and has more than one place of business is located at its chief executive office.

(c) Subsection (b) of this section applies only if a debtor's residence, place of business or chief executive office, as applicable, is located in a jurisdiction whose law generally requires information concerning the existence of a nonpossessory security interest to be made generally available in a filing, recording or registration system as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. If subsection (b) of this section does not apply, the debtor is located in the District of Columbia.

(d) A person that ceases to exist, have a residence or have a place of business continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by subsections (b) and (c) of this section.

(e) A registered organization that is organized under the law of a state is located in that state.

(f) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (i) of this section, a registered organization that is organized under the law of the United States and a branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United States or a state are located:

(1) In the state that the law of the United States designates, if the law designates a state of location;

(2) In the state that the registered organization, branch or agency designates, if the law of the United States authorizes the registered organization, branch or agency to designate its state of location, including by designating its main office, home office or other comparable office; or

(3) In the District of Columbia, if neither subdivision (1) nor subdivision (2) of this subsection applies.

(g) A registered organization continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by subsection (e) or (f) of this section notwithstanding:

(1) The suspension, revocation, forfeiture or lapse of the registered organization's status as such in its jurisdiction of organization; or

(2) The dissolution, winding up or cancellation of the existence of the registered organization.

(h) The United States is located in the District of Columbia.

(i) A branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United States or a state is located in the state in which the branch or agency is licensed, if all branches and agencies of the bank are licensed in only one state.

(j) A foreign air carrier under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended, is located at the designated office of the agent upon which service of process may be made on behalf of the carrier.

(k) This section applies only for purposes of this part.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-612 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-612
Sec. 42a-9-612. Timeliness of notification before disposition of collateral.
Status: in_force

(b) In a transaction other than a consumer transaction, a notification of disposition sent after default and ten days or more before the earliest time of disposition set forth in the notification is sent within a reasonable time before the disposition.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-713 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-713
Sec. 42a-2A-713. Proof of market rent.
Status: in_force

(b) If evidence of rent for the use of the goods concerned for a period identical to the remaining period of the original lease agreement and prevailing at the times or places described in this article is not readily available, the following rules apply:

(1) The rent prevailing within any reasonable time before or after the time described may be used.

(2) The rent prevailing at any other place or for a different lease period which in commercial judgment or usage of trade is a reasonable substitute may be used, making proper allowance for the difference, including the cost of transporting the goods to or from the other place.

(3) Evidence of a relevant rent prevailing at another time or place or for a lease period other than the period described in this section offered by one party is not admissible unless the party has given the other party notice that the court finds sufficient to prevent unfair surprise.

(c) If the prevailing rent or value of goods regularly leased in any established market is in dispute, reports in official publications or trade journals or in newspapers, periodicals or other means of communication in general circulation and published as the reports of such market, are admissible in evidence. The circumstances of the preparation of such a report may affect the weight of the evidence but not its admissibility.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-150u — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 741c / Section 42-150u
Sec. 42-150u. Enforceability of liquidated damages provision in consumer contracts. Consumer contract or consumer lease for personal emergency response system. Death of consumer. Exclusions.
Status: in_force

(b) For purposes of this subsection, “personal emergency response system” means a twenty-four-hour-per-day electronic alarm system placed in an adult's home that enables him or her to obtain immediate help in case of an emergency. In the event a consumer dies during the term of a consumer contract or consumer lease for a personal emergency response system, the consumer contract or consumer lease for such system shall be deemed terminated upon such consumer's death and any penalty provision contained in the contract or lease regarding early termination shall be unreasonable pursuant to section 42-421 .

(c) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to (1) contracts between a consumer and an agency of the state or any political subdivision of the state or of the federal government, (2) negotiable instruments, (3) contract provisions for late fees, prepayment penalties or default interest rates, (4) contracts originated or held by an institution, or any subsidiary or affiliate of such institution, that is regulated by the Department of Banking or by a federal bank regulatory agency, provided, in the case of a contract originated or held by a subsidiary or affiliate of such institution, the subject matter of the contract is an activity that is financial in nature or incidental to such an activity as described in the Bank Holding Company Act, 12 USC 1843(k)(4), and (5) contracts originated or held by a person, firm or corporation licensed by the Department of Motor Vehicles in accordance with the provisions of section 14-52 or 14-67a .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4A-501 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4A / Section 42a-4A-501
Sec. 42a-4A-501. Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule.
Status: in_force

(b) “Funds-transfer system rule” means a rule of an association of banks (i) governing transmission of payment orders by means of a funds-transfer system of the association or rights and obligations with respect to those orders, or (ii) to the extent the rule governs rights and obligations between banks that are parties to a funds transfer in which a Federal Reserve Bank, acting as an intermediary bank, sends a payment order to the beneficiary's bank. Except as otherwise provided in this article, a funds-transfer system rule governing rights and obligations between participating banks using the system may be effective even if the rule conflicts with this article and indirectly affects another party to the funds transfer who does not consent to the rule. A funds-transfer system rule may also govern rights and obligations of parties other than participating banks using the system to the extent stated in subsection (c) of section 42a-4A-404 , subsection (d) of section 42a-4A-405 and subsection (c) of section 42a-4A-507 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-392 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743aa / Section 42-392
Sec. 42-392. Time of consummation. Expiration. Termination.
Status: in_force

(b) Expiration of a consumer lease occurs at the scheduled end of the period covered by the lease.

(c) Termination of a consumer lease occurs when the lessee's right to continued possession and use of the goods ends by virtue of:

(1) Expiration of the lease;

(2) Election by one of the parties to terminate before expiration, as provided in the lease; or

(3) Agreement of the parties.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-525 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-525
Sec. 42a-9-525. Fees.
Status: in_force

(b) The uniform fee for responding to a request for information from the filing office described in subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , including issuing a certificate showing whether there is on file, on the date and time stated therein, any financing statement naming a particular debtor and any amendment thereof and, if there is, giving the date and hour of filing such amendment and the name and address of each secured party named therein, is fifty dollars. Upon request, the filing officer shall furnish a photographic or electronic copy of any filed financing statement or amendment for a uniform fee of forty dollars regardless of the number of pages and affix such filing officer's certification and official seal thereto for a fee of fifteen dollars. No fee shall be charged to the state when a certificate showing whether there is on file, on the date and hour stated therein, any presently effective financing statement naming a particular debtor and any amendment thereof, is requested by the Attorney General or an assistant attorney general or by a duly authorized official of the state or any of its agencies, boards or commissions acting in an official capacity, and no fee shall be charged to a municipality when such certificate is requested by the tax collector or other municipal officer of such municipality pursuant to the provisions of sections 12-195a to 12-195g , inclusive.

(c) This section does not require a fee with respect to a record of a mortgage which is effective as a financing statement filed as a fixture filing or as a financing statement covering as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut under subsection (c) of section 42a-9-502 . However, the recording and satisfaction fees that otherwise would be applicable to the record of the mortgage apply.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-133cc — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 739 / Section 42-133cc
Sec. 42-133cc. Prohibited acts by manufacturer or distributor.
Status: in_force

(1) (A) Delay, refuse or fail to deliver new motor vehicles or parts or accessories in a reasonable time, and in reasonable quantity relative to the dealer's facilities and sales potential in the dealer's relevant market area, after acceptance of an order from a dealer having a franchise for the retail sale of any new motor vehicle sold or distributed by the manufacturer or distributor, any new motor vehicle, parts or accessories for new vehicles as are covered by such franchise, if such vehicle, parts or accessories are publicly advertised as being available for delivery or actually being delivered; (B) withhold any new motor vehicle from distribution except a vehicle which is part of a demonstration fleet or withhold or delay distribution of new motor vehicles to induce dealers to order additional parts or accessories, to order new motor vehicles that are difficult to sell, to relocate the dealer's place of business or to construct a new building. This subdivision shall not apply to a failure caused by acts or causes beyond the control of the manufacturer or distributor;

(2) (A) Refuse to disclose to any dealer, handling the same line make, the manner and mode of distribution of that line make within the relevant market area, or (B) if a line make is allocated among dealers, refuse to disclose to any dealer, handling the same line make, the system of allocation, including, but not limited to, a complete breakdown by model, color, equipment and other items or terms, a concise listing of dealerships and an explanation of the derivation of the allocation system, including its mathematical formula in a clear and comprehensible form;

(3) Obtain money, goods, service or any other benefit from any other person with whom the dealer does business, on account of, or in relation to, the transaction between the dealer and such other person, other than for compensation for services rendered, unless such benefit is promptly accounted for, and transmitted to, the dealer;

(4) Increase prices of new motor vehicles which the dealer had ordered for private retail consumers prior to the dealer's receipt of the written official price increase notification. A sales contract signed by a private retail consumer shall constitute evidence of each such order, provided such vehicle is in fact delivered to such private retail consumer. In the event of manufacturer or distributor price reductions or cash rebates paid to the dealer, the amount of any such reduction or rebate received by a dealer shall be passed on to the private retail consumer by the dealer. Price reductions shall apply to all vehicles in the dealer's inventory which were subject to the price reduction. Price differences applicable to new models or series shall not be considered a price increase or price decrease. Price changes caused by (A) the addition to a motor vehicle of required or optional equipment, (B) revaluation of the dollar, in the case of foreign-make vehicles or components, or (C) an increase in transportation charges due to increased rates imposed by common carriers or transporters shall not be subject to the provisions of this subdivision;

(5) Offer refunds or other types of inducements to any person for the purchase of new motor vehicles of a certain line make to be sold to the state or any political subdivision thereof without making the same offer available upon request to all other dealers in the same line make within the relevant market area;

(6) Release to any outside party, except under subpoena or as otherwise required by law or in an administrative, judicial or arbitration proceeding involving the manufacturer or distributor or dealer, any business, financial or personal information which may be from time to time provided by the dealer to the manufacturer or distributor, without the express written consent of the dealer;

(7) Deny any dealer the right of free association with any other dealer for any lawful purpose;

(8) Unfairly compete with a dealer in the same line make operating under an agreement or franchise from such manufacturer or distributor in the relevant market area. A manufacturer or distributor shall not, however, be deemed to be competing when operating a dealership for a temporary period not to exceed one year, or such additional period of time as may be permitted by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles, in accordance with the provisions of section 14-52b , or in a bona fide retail operation which is for sale to any qualified person at a fair and reasonable price, or in a bona fide relationship in which an independent person has made a significant investment subject to loss in the dealership and can reasonably expect to acquire full ownership of such dealership on reasonable terms and conditions;

(9) Unfairly discriminate among its new motor vehicle dealers with respect to warranty reimbursement;

(10) Unreasonably withhold consent to the sale, transfer or exchange of the franchise to a qualified buyer capable of being licensed as a dealer;

(11) Fail to respond in writing to a request for consent under subdivision (10) of this section not later than sixty days after receipt of all information reasonably and customarily required by the manufacturer or distributor. Such failure to respond shall be deemed to be consent to the request;

(12) Unfairly prevent a dealer from receiving fair and reasonable compensation for the value of its dealership;

(13) Engage in any predatory practice against a dealer;

(14) Terminate any franchise solely because of the death or incapacity of an owner who is not listed in the franchise as one on whose expertise and abilities the manufacturer or distributor relied in the granting of the franchise;

(15) Withhold payment of money which the franchisor owes to a dealer for more than thirty days after the date of approval of the request for reimbursement;

(16) Own, operate or control, either directly or indirectly, a facility for the performance of motor vehicle warranty service work. Nothing contained in this subsection shall prohibit a motor vehicle manufacturer, factory branch, distributor or distributor branch from performing service for reasons of compliance with an order of a court of competent jurisdiction;

(17) Provide in any franchise agreement that in any administrative or judicial proceeding arising from any dispute with respect to such agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs, reasonable attorney's fees and other expenses of litigation from the other party;

(18) Unreasonably prevent or refuse to approve the relocation of a dealership to another site within the dealership's relevant market area, including a refusal by either the manufacturer or distributor for the relocation of the dealership or a refusal by the manufacturer or distributor for any franchise currently located at such proposed new location. The dealer shall provide written notice to the manufacturer or distributor that shall include the address of the proposed new location and a reasonable site plan of the proposed facility. The manufacturer or distributor shall, not later than sixty days after receipt of such reasonably requested information, grant or deny the dealer's relocation request. Failure to deny such request within such sixty-day period shall be deemed consent to the relocation;

(19) Sell or offer to sell any new motor vehicle to a dealer at a lower actual price than the actual price offered to any other franchised motor vehicle dealer for the same model vehicle similarly equipped, or to utilize any device, including, but not limited to, sales promotion plans, funds or financing to upgrade facilities, discounts or programs that result in such lesser actual price, provided the provisions of this subdivision shall not apply to sales to a dealer for: (A) Resale to any unit of government; or (B) donation or use by said dealer in a driver education or other special events program. This subdivision shall not be construed to prevent the offering of sales incentives or discount programs, provided such incentives or discounts are reasonably and practically available to all dealers in this state on a proportionally equal basis;

(20) Withhold directly, or through the loss of, any benefit made available to other same line-make dealers in this state because of a dealer's refusal to engage in conduct or take action unrelated to the benefit;

(21) Fail to begin the accrual of any express warranty for a new motor vehicle by the date of the original delivery to the consumer, provided, if the warranty is expressed in terms of time, such time frame shall begin on such original delivery date, or, if expressed in terms of number of miles, the mileage, not exceeding five hundred miles, shall be the mileage on the vehicle's odometer on such original delivery date;

(22) Exercise a right of first refusal or other right to acquire a franchise from a dealer unless the manufacturer or distributor:

(A) Notifies the dealer and the proposed transferee in writing that it intends to exercise its right to acquire the franchise not later than sixty days after the manufacturer's or distributor's receipt of a notice of the proposed transfer from the dealer or the proposed transferee and all information and documents reasonably and customarily required by the manufacturer supporting such proposed transfer, as required pursuant to subdivision (11) of this section, and the proposed transfer is not to (i) a child, spouse, grandchild, parent or sibling, (ii) a current owner of the dealership that is the subject of the transfer, (iii) a dealership manager employed continuously by the dealer in the dealership for a period of not less than four years prior to the date of the proposed transfer and who is otherwise qualified as a dealer operator according to the usual standards of the manufacturer or distributor, or (iv) a partnership, trust or corporation controlled by, or for the benefit of, any of the types of individuals described in this subparagraph. For the purpose of this subparagraph, the “proposed transferee” means the person to whom the franchise would have been transferred to, or was proposed to be transferred to, had the right of first refusal or other right to acquire the franchise not been exercised by the manufacturer or distributor;

(B) Will pay to the dealer the same or greater consideration as such dealer has contracted to receive in connection with the proposed transfer or sale of all or substantially all of the dealership assets, stock or other ownership interest, including the purchase or lease of all real property, leasehold or improvements related to the transfer or sale of the dealership. Upon exercise of the right of first refusal or such other right, the manufacturer or distributor shall have the right to assign the lease or to convey the real property;

(C) Assumes all of the duties, obligations and liabilities contained in the agreements that were to be assumed by the proposed transferee and with respect to which the manufacturer or distributor exercised the right of first refusal or other right to acquire the franchise;

(D) Reimburses the proposed transferee for all reasonable expenses incurred in evaluating, investigating, negotiating and pursuing the acquisition of the dealership prior to the manufacturer's or distributor's exercise of its right of first refusal or other right to acquire the dealership. For purposes of this subparagraph, reasonable expenses include the usual and customary legal and accounting fees charged for similar work, as well as expenses associated with the evaluation and investigation of any real property on which the dealership is operated. The proposed transferee shall submit an itemized list of its expenses to the manufacturer or distributor not later than thirty days after the manufacturer's or distributor's exercise of the right of first refusal or other right to acquire the motor vehicle franchise. The manufacturer or distributor shall reimburse the proposed transferee for its expenses not later than thirty days after receipt of the itemized list.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-304 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-304
Sec. 42a-2-304. Price payable in money, goods, realty, or otherwise.
Status: in_force

(2) Even though all or part of the price is payable in an interest in realty the transfer of the goods and the seller's obligations with reference to them are subject to this article, but not the transfer of the interest in realty or the transferor's obligations in connection therewith.

Cited. 172 C. 210.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4-402 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4 / Section 42a-4-402
Sec. 42a-4-402. Bank's liability to customer for wrongful dishonor. Time of determining insufficiency of account.
Status: in_force

(b) A payor bank is liable to its customer for damages proximately caused by the wrongful dishonor of an item. Liability is limited to actual damages proved and may include damages for an arrest or prosecution of the customer or other consequential damages. Whether any consequential damages are proximately caused by the wrongful dishonor is a question of fact to be determined in each case.

(c) A payor bank's determination of the customer's account balance on which a decision to dishonor for insufficiency of available funds is based may be made at any time between the time the item is received by the payor bank and the time that the payor bank returns the item or gives notice in lieu of return, and no more than one determination need be made. If, at the election of the payor bank, a subsequent balance determination is made for the purpose of reevaluating the bank's decision to dishonor the item, the account balance at that time is determinative of whether a dishonor for insufficiency of available funds is wrongful.

Cited. 217 C. 205.

Cited. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 395.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-7-404 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 7 / Section 42a-7-404
Sec. 42a-7-404. No liability for good faith delivery pursuant to document of title.
Status: in_force

(1) The person from which the bailee received the goods did not have authority to procure the document or to dispose of the goods; or

(2) The person to which the bailee delivered the goods did not have authority to receive the goods.

Cited. 187 C. 637.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-722 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-722
Sec. 42a-2A-722. Lessor's action for the rent.
Status: in_force

(1) Goods accepted by the lessee and not repossessed by or tendered to the lessor;

(2) Goods identified to the lease contract if the lessor is unable after reasonable effort to dispose of them at a reasonable price or the circumstances reasonably indicate such effort will be unavailing; and

(3) Conforming goods lost or damaged after risk of loss passes to the lessee, but if the lessor has retained or regained control of the goods, the loss or damage must occur within a commercially reasonable time after the risk of loss has passed to the lessee.

(b) The damages available under the circumstances described in subsection (a) of this section are:

(1) Accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of entry of judgment in favor of the lessor;

(2) The present value as of the same date of the rent for the then remaining lease term of the lease agreement; and

(3) Any incidental or consequential damages allowed under section 42a-2A-706 or 42a-2A-707 , less expenses avoided as a result of the lessee's default.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, a lessor shall hold for the lessee for the remaining period of the lease agreement any goods that have been identified to the lease contract and are in the lessor's control.

(d) A lessor may dispose of the goods at any time before collection of the judgment for damages obtained pursuant to subsection (a) of this section. If the disposition is before the end of the remaining period of the lease agreement, the lessor's recovery against the lessee for damages is governed by section 42a-2A-720 or 42a-2A-721 , and the lessor shall provide an appropriate credit against a judgment for damages to the extent that the amount of the judgment exceeds the recovery available under section 42a-2A-720 or 42a-2A-721 .

(e) Payment of the judgment for damages obtained under subsection (a) of this section entitles the lessee to the use and possession of the goods not then disposed of for the remaining period of, and in accordance with, the lease agreement.

(f) Upon default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in subsection (a) or subdivision (1) of subsection (c) of section 42a-2A-716 or, if agreed, upon other default by the lessee, a lessor that is not entitled to rent under this section is still entitled to damages for nonacceptance under section 42a-2A-720 or 42a-2A-721 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-808 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-808
Sec. 42a-9-808. Person entitled to file initial financing statement or continuation statement.
Status: in_force

(1) The secured party of record authorizes the filing; and

(2) The filing is necessary under this part:

(A) To continue the effectiveness of a financing statement filed before July 1, 2013; or

(B) To perfect or continue the perfection of a security interest.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-261 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743j / Section 42-261
Sec. 42-261. Express warranties. Prohibition re conditioning initial term on consumer registration.
Status: in_force

(b) Notwithstanding any provision of the general statutes, no manufacturer, distributor or retailer that makes an express warranty with respect to a consumer good may condition the initial term of such express warranty on the consumer registering such consumer good.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-710 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-710
Sec. 42a-2A-710. Liquidation of damages; deposits.
Status: in_force

(b) If the lessor justifiably withholds delivery of goods or stops performance because of the lessee's default or insolvency, the lessee is entitled to restitution of the amount by which the sum of payments exceeds the amount to which the lessor is entitled under a term fixing liquidated damages in accordance with subsection (a) of this section, except that, in the case of a consumer lease, the lessor is entitled to the lesser of such restitution amount or five hundred dollars.

(c) The lessee's right to restitution under subsection (b) of this section is subject to setoff to the extent that the lessor establishes a right to recover damages under the provisions of this article other than subsection (a) of this section and to the extent of the amount or value of any benefits received by the lessee directly or indirectly by reason of the lease contract.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-502 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-502
Sec. 42a-2-502. Buyer's right to goods on seller's repudiation, failure to deliver or insolvency.
Status: in_force

(2) The buyer's right to recover the goods under subsection (1)(a) vests upon acquisition of a special property, even if the seller had not then repudiated or failed to deliver.

(3) If the identification creating his special property has been made by the buyer he acquires the right to recover the goods only if they conform to the contract for sale.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-108 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-108
Sec. 42a-2A-108. Option to accelerate at will.
Status: in_force

(b) In a consumer lease, the burden of establishing good faith under subsection (a) of this section is on the party that exercised the power. In all other leases, the burden of establishing lack of good faith is on the party against which the power has been exercised.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-8-205 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 8 / Section 42a-8-205
Sec. 42a-8-205. Effect of unauthorized signature on security certificate.
Status: in_force

(1) An authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent or other person entrusted by the issuer with the signing of the security certificate or of similar security certificates, or the immediate preparation for signing of any of them; or

(2) An employee of the issuer, or of any of the persons listed in subdivision (1) of this section, entrusted with responsible handling of the security certificate.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4-504 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4 / Section 42a-4-504
Sec. 42a-4-504. Privilege of presenting bank to deal with goods; security interest for expenses.
Status: in_force

(b) For its reasonable expenses incurred by action under subsection (a), the presenting bank has a lien upon the goods or their proceeds, which may be foreclosed in the same manner as an unpaid seller's lien.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-231 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743h / Section 42-231
Sec. 42-231. Governor's proclamation of supply emergency. Imposition of price restrictions or rationing. Legislative disapproval.
Status: in_force

(b) Any proclamation or order issued pursuant to this section shall become effective upon its filing in the office of the Secretary of the State and with the clerks of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Such proclamation or order shall be published in full at least once in a newspaper having general circulation in each county, provided failure to publish shall not impair the validity of such proclamation or order. Unless disapproved in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c) of this section, any proclamation or order shall remain in effect until the Governor proclaims an end to the emergency or until ninety days after the date of the proclamation of the emergency, whichever occurs first.

(c) Any proclamation or order issued pursuant to this section may be disapproved by a majority vote of each house of the General Assembly. Any such disapproval shall become effective upon filing notice of such action with the office of the Secretary of the State.

(d) The Commissioner of Consumer Protection shall adopt regulations in accordance with chapter 54 concerning the rationing of products or services designated by the Governor to be in short supply or in danger of becoming in short supply.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-407 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743aa / Section 42-407
Sec. 42-407. Payment or trade-in pending approval of lease. Refund or return.
Status: in_force

(1) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (2) of this subsection or in subsection (b) of this section, the lessor:

(A) Within one business day after disapproval of the application, shall tender back to the lessee any property traded in; and

(B) Promptly, but in no event more than five business days after disapproval of the application, shall refund any payment received other than an application fee.

(2) If the lessee has taken delivery of the goods before the disapproval of the lessee's application, the lessor shall tender delivery of the property traded in and the refund under subparagraph (B) of subdivision (1) of this subsection when the lessee tenders back the goods that were delivered to the lessee.

(b) In the case of a consumer lease of a motor vehicle in which the vehicle is delivered to the lessee pending approval of the lessee's application, the lessor, on or before delivery, shall give the lessee notice in a record of the rights and obligations provided in this section. If the application is not approved, the following rules apply:

(1) Except when the specified disclosure is made under subdivision (2) of this subsection, the lessor may not impose on the lessee any charge for the lessee's use of the vehicle.

(2) The lessor may impose a mileage charge for the lessee's use of the vehicle, at an amount not exceeding the mileage rate authorized for deduction under federal tax laws, but only if the fact and amount of that charge are disclosed to the lessee in a record separately signed by the lessee at the time of delivery. The lessor may offset the amount of the charge against any refund due the lessee.

(3) The limitations imposed by subdivisions (1) and (2) of this subsection do not affect a holder's right to recover for damage to or loss of the vehicle while in the lessee's possession attributable to the lessee's tortious act or omission, or forfeiture or confiscation of the vehicle under governmental authority.

(c) A lessor may not sell or otherwise dispose of any property traded in until the lessee's application is approved.

(d) If a lessor contracts to purchase property from a prospective lessee separately from a consumer lease, the lessor may not withhold payment pending, or otherwise condition payment upon, consummation of a consumer lease.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-5-108 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 5 / Section 42a-5-108
Sec. 42a-5-108. Issuer's rights and obligations.
Status: in_force

(b) An issuer has a reasonable time after presentation, but not beyond the end of the seventh business day of the issuer after the day of its receipt of documents: (1) To honor, (2) if the letter of credit provides for honor to be completed more than seven business days after presentation, to accept a draft or incur a deferred obligation, or (3) to give notice to the presenter of discrepancies in the presentation.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, an issuer is precluded from asserting as a basis for dishonor any discrepancy if timely notice is not given, or any discrepancy not stated in the notice if timely notice is given.

(d) Failure to give the notice specified in subsection (b) of this section or to mention fraud, forgery or expiration in the notice does not preclude the issuer from asserting as a basis for dishonor fraud or forgery as described in subsection (a) of section 42a-5-109 or expiration of the letter of credit before presentation.

(e) An issuer shall observe standard practice of financial institutions that regularly issue letters of credit. Determination of the issuer's observance of the standard practice is a matter of interpretation for the court. The court shall offer the parties a reasonable opportunity to present evidence of the standard practice.

(f) An issuer is not responsible for: (1) The performance or nonperformance of the underlying contract, arrangement or transaction; (2) an act or omission of others; or (3) observance or knowledge of the usage of a particular trade other than the standard practice referred to in subsection (e) of this section.

(g) If an undertaking constituting a letter of credit under subdivision (9) of subsection (a) of section 42a-5-102 contains nondocumentary conditions, an issuer shall disregard the nondocumentary conditions and treat them as if they were not stated.

(h) An issuer that has dishonored a presentation shall return the documents or hold them at the disposal of, and send advice to that effect to, the presenter.

(i) An issuer that has honored a presentation as permitted or required by this article: (1) Is entitled to be reimbursed by the applicant in immediately available funds not later than the date of its payment of funds; (2) takes the documents free of claims of the beneficiary or presenter; (3) is precluded from asserting a right of recourse on a draft under sections 42a-3-414 and 42a-3-415 ; (4) except as otherwise provided in sections 42a-5-110 and 42a-5-117 , is precluded from restitution of money paid or other value given by mistake to the extent the mistake concerns discrepancies in the documents or tender which are apparent on the face of the presentation; and (5) is discharged to the extent of its performance under the letter of credit unless the issuer honored a presentation in which a required signature of a beneficiary was forged.

Cited. 173 C. 492.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-472 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743dd / Section 42-472
Sec. 42-472. Hearings. Court orders. Restraining orders.
Status: in_force

(b) (1) The Attorney General, at the request of the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, may apply to the Superior Court for an order temporarily or permanently restraining and enjoining any person from violating any provision of section 42-470 , 42-471 , 42-471a or 42-472b or any regulation adopted pursuant to section 42-472d .

(2) The Attorney General, at the request of any other state agency charged with enforcement of section 42-471 pursuant to subsection (d) of said section, may apply to the Superior Court for an order temporarily or permanently restraining and enjoining any person from violating any provision of section 42-471 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-507 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-507
Sec. 42a-9-507. Effect of certain events on effectiveness of financing settlement.
Status: in_force

(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section and section 42a-9-508 , a financing statement is not rendered ineffective if, after the financing statement is filed, the information provided in the financing statement becomes seriously misleading under section 42a-9-506 .

(c) If the name that a filed financing statement provides for a debtor becomes insufficient as the name of the debtor under subsection (a) of section 42a-9-503 so that the financing statement becomes seriously misleading under section 42a-9-506 :

(1) The financing statement is effective to perfect a security interest in collateral acquired by the debtor before, or within four months after, the filed financing statement becomes seriously misleading; and

(2) The financing statement is not effective to perfect a security interest in collateral acquired by the debtor more than four months after the filed financing statement becomes seriously misleading, unless an amendment to the financing statement which renders the financing statement not seriously misleading is filed within four months after the financing statement became seriously misleading.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-102 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-102
Sec. 42a-9-102. Definitions and index of definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Accession” means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost.

(2) “Account”, except as used in “account for”, means a right to payment of a monetary obligation, whether or not earned by performance, (i) for property that has been or is to be sold, leased, licensed, assigned or otherwise disposed of, (ii) for services rendered or to be rendered, (iii) for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued, (iv) for a secondary obligation incurred or to be incurred, (v) for energy provided or to be provided, (vi) for the use or hire of a vessel under a charter or other contract, (vii) arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card, or (viii) as winnings in a lottery or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a state, governmental unit of a state or person licensed or authorized to operate the game by a state or governmental unit of a state. The term includes health-care-insurance receivables. The term does not include (i) rights to payment evidenced by chattel paper or an instrument, (ii) commercial tort claims, (iii) deposit accounts, (iv) investment property, (v) letter-of-credit rights or letters of credit, or (vi) rights to payment for money or funds advanced or sold, other than rights arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card.

(3) “Account debtor” means a person obligated on an account, chattel paper or general intangible. The term does not include persons obligated to pay a negotiable instrument, even if the instrument constitutes part of chattel paper.

(4) “Accounting”, except as used in “accounting for”, means a record:

(A) Authenticated by a secured party;

(B) Indicating the aggregate unpaid secured obligations as of a date not more than thirty-five days earlier or thirty-five days later than the date of the record; and

(C) Identifying the components of the obligations in reasonable detail.

(5) “Agricultural lien” means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products:

(A) Which secures payment or performance of an obligation for:

(i) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation; or

(ii) Rent on real property leased by a debtor in connection with its farming operation;

(B) Which is created by statute in favor of a person that:

(i) In the ordinary course of its business furnished goods or services to a debtor in connection with a debtor's farming operation; or

(ii) Leased real property to a debtor in connection with the debtor's farming operation; and

(C) Whose effectiveness does not depend on the person's possession of the personal property.

(6) “As-extracted collateral” means:

(A) Oil, gas or other minerals that are subject to a security interest that:

(i) Is created by a debtor having an interest in the minerals before extraction; and

(ii) Attaches to the minerals as extracted; or

(B) Accounts arising out of the sale at the wellhead or minehead of oil, gas or other minerals in which the debtor had an interest before extraction.

(7) “Authenticate” means:

(A) To sign; or

(B) With present intent to adopt or accept a record, to attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic sound, symbol or process.

(8) “Bank” means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. The term includes savings banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions and trust companies.

(9) “Cash proceeds” means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts or the like.

(10) “Certificate of title” means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. The term includes another record maintained as an alternative to a certificate of title by the governmental unit that issues certificates of title if a statute permits the security interest in question to be indicated on the record as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral.

(11) “Chattel paper” means a record or records that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in specific goods, a security interest in specific goods and software used in the goods, a security interest in specific goods and license of software used in the goods, a lease of specific goods, or a lease of specific goods and license of software used in the goods. In this subdivision, “monetary obligation” means a monetary obligation secured by the goods or owed under a lease of the goods and includes a monetary obligation with respect to software used in the goods. The term does not include (i) charters or other contracts involving the use or hire of a vessel, or (ii) records that evidence a right to payment arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card. If a transaction is evidenced by records that include an instrument or series of instruments, the group of records taken together constitutes chattel paper.

(12) “Collateral” means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. The term includes:

(A) Proceeds to which a security interest attaches;

(B) Accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles and promissory notes that have been sold; and

(C) Goods that are the subject of a consignment.

(13) “Commercial tort claim” means a claim arising in tort with respect to which:

(A) The claimant is an organization; or

(B) The claimant is an individual and the claim:

(i) Arose in the course of the claimant's business or profession; and

(ii) Does not include damages arising out of personal injury to or the death of an individual.

(14) “Commodity account” means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer.

(15) “Commodity contract” means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option or another contract if the contract or option is:

(A) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws; or

(B) Traded on a foreign commodity board of trade, exchange or market, and is carried on the books of a commodity intermediary for a commodity customer.

(16) “Commodity customer” means a person for which a commodity intermediary carries a commodity contract on its books.

(17) “Commodity intermediary” means a person that:

(A) Is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law; or

(B) In the ordinary course of its business provides clearance or settlement services for a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market pursuant to federal commodities law.

(18) “Communicate” means:

(A) To send a written or other tangible record;

(B) To transmit a record by any means agreed upon by the persons sending and receiving the record; or

(C) In the case of transmission of a record to or by a filing office, to transmit a record by any means prescribed by filing-office regulation.

(19) “Consignee” means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment.

(20) “Consignment” means a transaction, regardless of its form, in which a person delivers goods to a merchant for the purpose of sale and:

(A) The merchant:

(i) Deals in goods of that kind under a name other than the name of the person making delivery;

(ii) Is not an auctioneer; and

(iii) Is not generally known by its creditors to be substantially engaged in selling the goods of others;

(B) With respect to each delivery, the aggregate value of the goods is one thousand dollars or more at the time of delivery;

(C) The goods are not consumer goods immediately before delivery; and

(D) The transaction does not create a security interest that secures an obligation.

(21) “Consignor” means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment.

(22) “Consumer debtor” means a debtor in a consumer transaction.

(23) “Consumer goods” means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family or household purposes.

(24) “Consumer-goods transaction” means a consumer transaction in which:

(A) An individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family or household purposes; and

(B) A security interest in consumer goods secures the obligation.

(25) “Consumer obligor” means an obligor who is an individual and who incurred the obligation as part of a transaction entered into primarily for personal, family or household purposes.

(26) “Consumer transaction” means a transaction in which (i) an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family or household purposes, (ii) a security interest secures the obligation, and (iii) the collateral is held or acquired primarily for personal, family or household purposes. The term includes consumer-goods transactions.

(27) “Continuation statement” means an amendment of a financing statement which:

(A) Identifies, by its file number or, in the case of a recording with a filing office described in subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , by book and page number, the initial financing statement to which it relates; and

(B) Indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement.

(28) “Debtor” means:

(A) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor;

(B) A seller of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes; or

(C) A consignee.

(29) “Deposit account” means a demand, time, savings, passbook or similar account maintained with a bank. The term does not include investment property or accounts evidenced by an instrument.

(30) “Document” means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in subsection (b) of section 42a-7-201 .

(31) “Electronic chattel paper” means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information stored in an electronic medium.

(32) “Encumbrance” includes real property mortgages and other liens on real property and all other rights in real property that are not ownership interests.

(33) “Equipment” means goods other than inventory, farm products or consumer goods.

(34) “Farm products” means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are:

(A) Crops grown, growing or to be grown, including:

(i) Crops produced on trees, vines and bushes; and

(ii) Aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations;

(B) Livestock, born or unborn, including aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations;

(C) Supplies used or produced in a farming operation; or

(D) Products of crops or livestock in their unmanufactured states.

(35) “Farming operation” means raising, cultivating, propagating, fattening, grazing or any other farming, livestock or aquacultural operation.

(36) “File number” means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to subsection (a) of section 42a-9-519 .

(37) “Filing office” means an office designated in section 42a-9-501 as the place to file a financing statement.

(38) “Filing-office regulation” means a regulation adopted pursuant to section 42a-9-526 .

(39) “Financing statement” means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement.

(40) “Fixture filing” means the filing of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and satisfying subsections (a) and (b) of section 42a-9-502 . The term includes the filing of a financing statement covering goods of a transmitting utility which are or are to become fixtures.

(41) “Fixtures” means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law.

(42) “General intangible” means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money and oil, gas or other minerals before extraction. The term includes payment intangibles and software.

(43) “Good faith” has the same meaning as provided in subdivision (20) of subsection (b) of section 42a-1-201 .

(44) “Goods” means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. The term includes (i) fixtures, (ii) standing timber that is to be cut and removed under a conveyance or contract for sale, (iii) the unborn young of animals, (iv) crops grown, growing or to be grown, even if the crops are produced on trees, vines or bushes, and (v) manufactured homes. The term also includes a computer program embedded in goods and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program if (i) the program is associated with the goods in such a manner that it customarily is considered part of the goods, or (ii) by becoming the owner of the goods, a person acquires a right to use the program in connection with the goods. The term does not include a computer program embedded in goods that consist solely of the medium in which the program is embedded. The term also does not include accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, general intangibles, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money or oil, gas or other minerals before extraction.

(45) “Governmental unit” means a subdivision, agency, department, county, parish, municipality, or other unit of the government of the United States, a state or a foreign country. The term includes an organization having a separate corporate existence if the organization is eligible to issue debt on which interest is exempt from income taxation under the laws of the United States.

(46) “Health-care-insurance receivable” means an interest in or claim under a policy of insurance which is a right to payment of a monetary obligation for health-care goods or services provided.

(47) “Instrument” means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary endorsement or assignment. The term does not include (i) investment property, (ii) letters of credit, or (iii) writings that evidence a right to payment arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card.

(48) “Inventory” means goods, other than farm products, which:

(A) Are leased by a person as lessor;

(B) Are held by a person for sale or lease or to be furnished under a contract of service;

(C) Are furnished by a person under a contract of service; or

(D) Consist of raw materials, work in process or materials used or consumed in a business.

(49) “Investment property” means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract or commodity account.

(50) “Jurisdiction of organization”, with respect to a registered organization, means the jurisdiction under whose law the organization is formed or organized.

(51) “Letter-of-credit right” means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. The term does not include the right of a beneficiary to demand payment or performance under a letter of credit.

(52) “Lien creditor” means:

(A) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy or the like;

(B) An assignee for benefit of creditors from the time of assignment;

(C) A trustee in bankruptcy from the date of the filing of the petition; or

(D) A receiver in equity from the time of appointment.

(53) “Manufactured home” means a “mobile manufactured home” as defined in section 21-64 .

(54) “Manufactured-home transaction” means a secured transaction:

(A) That creates a purchase-money security interest in a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory; or

(B) In which a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, is the primary collateral.

(55) “Mortgage” means a consensual interest in real property, including fixtures, which secures payment or performance of an obligation.

(56) “New debtor” means a person that becomes bound as debtor under subsection (d) of section 42a-9-203 by a security agreement previously entered into by another person.

(57) “New value” means (i) money, (ii) money's worth in property, services or new credit, or (iii) release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. The term does not include an obligation substituted for another obligation.

(58) “Noncash proceeds” means proceeds other than cash proceeds.

(59) “Obligor” means a person that, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in or an agricultural lien on the collateral, (i) owes payment or other performance of the obligation, (ii) has provided property other than the collateral to secure payment or other performance of the obligation, or (iii) is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for payment or other performance of the obligation. The term does not include issuers or nominated persons under a letter of credit.

(60) “Original debtor”, except as used in subsection (c) of section 42a-9-310 , means a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under subsection (d) of section 42a-9-203 .

(61) “Payment intangible” means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation.

(62) “Person related to”, with respect to an individual, means:

(A) The spouse of the individual;

(B) A brother, brother-in-law, sister or sister-in-law of the individual;

(C) An ancestor or lineal descendant of the individual or the individual's spouse; or

(D) Any other relative, by blood or marriage, of the individual or the individual's spouse who shares the same home with the individual.

(63) “Person related to”, with respect to an organization, means:

(A) A person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the organization;

(B) An officer or director of, or a person performing similar functions with respect to, the organization;

(C) An officer or director of, or a person performing similar functions with respect to, a person described in subparagraph (A);

(D) The spouse of an individual described in subparagraph (A), (B) or (C); or

(E) An individual who is related by blood or marriage to an individual described in subparagraph (A), (B), (C) or (D) and shares the same home with the individual.

(64) “Proceeds”, except as used in subsection (b) of section 42a-9-609 , means the following property:

(A) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange or other disposition of collateral;

(B) Whatever is collected on, or distributed on account of, collateral;

(C) Rights arising out of collateral;

(D) To the extent of the value of collateral, claims arising out of the loss, nonconformity or interference with the use of, defects or infringement of rights in, or damage to, the collateral; or

(E) To the extent of the value of collateral and to the extent payable to the debtor or the secured party, insurance payable by reason of the loss or nonconformity of, defects or infringement of rights in, or damage to, the collateral.

(65) “Promissory note” means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds.

(66) “Proposal” means a record authenticated by a secured party which includes the terms on which the secured party is willing to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures pursuant to sections 42a-9-620 , 42a-9-621 and 42a-9-622 .

(67) “Public-finance transaction” means a secured transaction in connection with which:

(A) Debt securities are issued;

(B) All or a portion of the securities issued have an initial stated maturity of at least twenty years; and

(C) The debtor, obligor, secured party, account debtor or other person obligated on collateral, assignor or assignee of a secured obligation or assignor or assignee of a security interest is a state or a governmental unit of a state.

(68) “Public organic record” means a record that is available to the public for inspection and is:

(A) A record consisting of the record initially filed with or issued by a state or the United States to form or organize an organization and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the initial record;

(B) An organic record of a business trust consisting of the record initially filed with a state and any record filed with the state which amends or restates the initial record, if a statute of the state governing business trusts requires that the record be filed with the state; or

(C) A record consisting of legislation enacted by the legislature of a state or the Congress of the United States which forms or organizes an organization, any record amending the legislation and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the name of the organization.

(69) “Pursuant to commitment”, with respect to an advance made or other value given by a secured party, means pursuant to the secured party's obligation, whether or not a subsequent event of default or other event not within the secured party's control has relieved or may relieve the secured party from its obligation.

(70) “Record”, except as used in “for record”, “of record”, “record or legal title” and “record owner”, means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or which is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.

(71) “Registered organization” means an organization formed or organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. The term includes a business trust that is formed or organized under the law of a single state if a statute of the state governing business trusts requires that the business trust's organic record be filed with the state.

(72) “Secondary obligor” means an obligor to the extent that:

(A) The obligor's obligation is secondary; or

(B) The obligor has a right of recourse with respect to an obligation secured by collateral against the debtor, another obligor or property of either.

(73) “Secured party” means:

(A) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding;

(B) A person that holds an agricultural lien;

(C) A consignor;

(D) A person to which accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes have been sold;

(E) A trustee, indenture trustee, agent, collateral agent or other representative in whose favor a security interest or agricultural lien is created or provided for; or

(F) A person that holds a security interest arising under section 42a-2-401 , section 42a-2-505 , subsection (3) of section 42a-2-711 , subsection (d) of section 42a-2A-724 , section 42a-4-210 or section 42a-5-118 .

(74) “Security agreement” means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest.

(75) “Send”, in connection with a record or notification, means:

(A) To deposit in the mail, deliver for transmission or transmit by any other usual means of communication, with postage or cost of transmission provided for, addressed to any address reasonable under the circumstances; or

(B) To cause the record or notification to be received within the time that it would have been received if properly sent under subparagraph (A).

(76) “Software” means a computer program and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program. The term does not include a computer program that is included in the definition of goods.

(77) “State” means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.

(78) “Supporting obligation” means a letter-of-credit right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an account, chattel paper, a document, a general intangible, an instrument or investment property.

(79) “Tangible chattel paper” means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium.

(80) “Termination statement” means an amendment of a financing statement which:

(A) Identifies, by its file number or, in the case of a recording with a filing office described in subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , by book and page number, the initial financing statement to which it relates; and

(B) Indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective.

(81) “Transmitting utility” means a person primarily engaged in the business of:

(A) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway or trolley bus;

(B) Transmitting communications electrically, electromagnetically or by light;

(C) Transmitting goods by pipeline or sewer; or

(D) Transmitting or producing and transmitting electricity, steam, gas or water.

(b) “Control” as provided in section 42a-7-106 and the following definitions in other articles apply to this article:

“Applicant”. Section 42a-5-102 .

“Beneficiary”. Section 42a-5-102 .

“Broker”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Certificated security”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Check”. Section 42a-3-104 .

“Clearing corporation”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Contract for sale”. Section 42a-2-106 .

“Customer”. Section 42a-4-104 .

“Entitlement holder”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Financial asset”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Holder in due course”. Section 42a-3-302 .

“Issuer” (with respect to a letter of credit or letter-of-credit right). Section 42a-5-102 .

“Issuer” (with respect to a security). Section 42a-8-201 .

“Issuer” (with respect to documents of title). Section 42a-7-102 .

“Lease”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Lease agreement”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Lease contract”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Leasehold interest”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Lessee”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Lessee in ordinary course of business”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Lessor”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Lessor's residual interest”. Section 42a-2A-102 .

“Letter of credit”. Section 42a-5-102 .

“Merchant”. Section 42a-2-104 .

“Negotiable instrument”. Section 42a-3-104 .

“Nominated person”. Section 42a-5-102 .

“Note”. Section 42a-3-104 .

“Proceeds of a letter of credit”. Section 42a-5-114 .

“Prove”. Section 42a-3-103 .

“Sale”. Section 42a-2-106 .

“Securities account”. Section 42a-8-501 .

“Securities intermediary”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Security”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Security certificate”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Security entitlement”. Section 42a-8-102 .

“Uncertificated security”. Section 42a-8-102 .

(c) Article 1 contains general definitions and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this article.

Annotations to former section 42a-9-105:

“Agreement” means the bargain of the parties in fact as found in their language or by implication from other circumstances. 168 C. 152. Cited. 182 C. 437.

Cited. 34 CS 632.

Cited. 5 Conn. Cir. Ct. 406.

Annotations to former section 42a-9-106:

Cited. 185 C. 583.

Annotations to former section 42a-9-109:

Connecticut has strong public policy of protecting purchasers of consumer goods. 158 C. 543. The definition of “goods” includes “inventory”. 168 C. 152. Cited. 182 C. 437; 209 C. 163; 212 C. 167; 221 C. 530.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-103xx — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 734b / Section 42-103xx
Sec. 42-103xx. Treatment of assessments collected by managing entity. Disclosures. Fiduciary duty of managing entity.
Status: in_force

(b) A managing entity that manages a multisite time share plan may deposit assessments collected from purchasers of one time share property into a common account with assessments collected from purchasers of other time share properties participating in the same multisite time share plan only if the practice is disclosed in the time share disclosure statement for each time share property in the multisite time share plan and an appropriate statement is included in the declaration required by section 42-103gg for each time share plan.

(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow a managing entity to commingle assessments of a multisite time share plan with the assessments of a separate multisite time share plan or a time share plan that is not a part of the multisite time share plan.

(d) In matters related to the funds of the owners of time share interests and the association, the managing entity shall have a duty to act in the best interests of each owner of a time share interest in the time share plan and the association.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-317 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-317
Sec. 42a-2-317. Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied.
Status: in_force

Cited. 184 C. 10; Id., 607.

Cited. 33 CA 575.

Cited. 32 CS 69.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-158kk — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 742e / Section 42-158kk
Sec. 42-158kk. Consumer bills. Definitions. Bills in paper form. Exception. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(1) “Consumer” means an individual who is a resident of this state and a recipient, or a prospective recipient, of consumer goods or services;

(2) “Consumer bill” means a bill or invoice for consumer goods or services delivered or provided to a consumer by, or on behalf of, a person doing business in this state;

(3) “Consumer goods or services” means articles or services that are purchased, leased, exchanged or received primarily for personal, family or household purposes; and

(4) “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint stock company, business trust, unincorporated organization or other legal entity.

(b) (1) Except as provided in subdivision (2) of this subsection, each person doing business in this state that delivers or provides consumer goods or services to consumers and issues, or causes to be issued, consumer bills in an electronic form shall provide to any consumer, on such consumer's request, consumer bills in paper form. No such person shall impose, or cause to be imposed, any charge or fee for providing any such consumer bill in paper form.

(2) No person doing business in this state that delivers or provides consumer goods or services to consumers and issues, or causes to be issued, consumer bills in an electronic form shall be required to provide to any consumer, on such consumer's request, consumer bills in paper form if such person does not, in the ordinary course of such person's business, issue, or cause to be issued, consumer bills in paper form.

(c) The Commissioner of Consumer Protection may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to carry out the purposes of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-625 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-625
Sec. 42a-9-625. Remedies for secured party's failure to comply with this article.
Status: in_force

(b) Subject to subsections (c), (d) and (f), a person is liable for damages in the amount of any loss caused by a failure to comply with this article. Loss caused by a failure to comply may include loss resulting from the debtor's inability to obtain, or increased costs of, alternative financing.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in section 42a-9-628 :

(1) A person that, at the time of the failure, was a debtor, was an obligor or held a security interest in or other lien on the collateral may recover damages under subsection (b) for its loss; and

(2) If the collateral is consumer goods, a person that was a debtor or a secondary obligor at the time a secured party failed to comply with this part may recover for that failure in any event an amount not less than the credit service charge plus ten per cent of the principal amount of the obligation or the time-price differential plus ten per cent of the cash price.

(d) A debtor whose deficiency is eliminated under section 42a-9-626 may recover damages for the loss of any surplus. However, a debtor or secondary obligor whose deficiency is eliminated or reduced under section 42a-9-626 may not otherwise recover under subsection (b) for noncompliance with the provisions of this part relating to collection, enforcement, disposition or acceptance.

(e) In addition to any damages recoverable under subsection (b), the debtor, consumer obligor, or person named as a debtor in a filed record, as applicable, may recover five hundred dollars in each case from a person that:

(1) Fails to comply with section 42a-9-208 ;

(2) Fails to comply with section 42a-9-209 ;

(3) Files a record that the person is not entitled to file under subsection (a) of section 42a-9-509 ;

(4) Fails to cause the secured party of record to file or send a termination statement as required by subsection (a) or (c) of section 42a-9-513 ; or

(5) Fails to comply with subsection (b) of section 42a-9-616 .

(f) A debtor or consumer obligor may recover damages under subsection (b) and, in addition, five hundred dollars in each case from a person that, without reasonable cause, fails to comply with a request under section 42a-9-210 . A recipient of a request under section 42a-9-210 which never claimed an interest in the collateral or obligations that are the subject of a request under that section has a reasonable excuse for failure to comply with the request within the meaning of this subsection.

(g) If a secured party fails to comply with a request regarding a list of collateral or a statement of account under section 42a-9-210 , the secured party may claim a security interest only as shown in the list or statement included in the request as against a person that is reasonably misled by the failure.

Annotations to former section 42a-9-507:

Cited. 207 C. 15; 216 C. 458; 221 C. 530; 227 C. 270; 231 C. 707.

Cited. 24 CA 455.

Cited. 34 CS 632; 40 CS 475.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-719 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-719
Sec. 42a-2A-719. Lessor's refusal to deliver because of lessee's insolvency; stoppage in transit or otherwise.
Status: in_force

(b) Subject to subsection (d) of this section, the lessor may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other bailee if the lessee is insolvent or repudiates or fails to make a payment due before delivery, whether for rent, security or otherwise under the lease contract or if, for any other reason, the lessor has a right to withhold or reclaim the goods.

(c) As against a lessee under subsection (b) of this section, the lessor may stop delivery until:

(1) Receipt of the goods by the lessee;

(2) Acknowledgment to the lessee by any bailee of the goods, other than a carrier, or a carrier by reshipment or as a warehouse, that the bailee holds the goods for the lessee; or

(3) Acknowledgment to the lessee by a carrier by reshipment or as a warehouse that the carrier holds the goods for the lessee.

(d) If notice to stop delivery has been given, the following rules apply:

(1) The notice must afford the carrier or bailee a reasonable opportunity to prevent delivery of the goods.

(2) After notice, the carrier or bailee shall hold and deliver the goods according to the directions of the lessor. The lessor is liable to the bailee or carrier for any resulting charges or damages. A carrier or bailee need not stop delivery if the lessor does not provide indemnity for charges or damages upon the carrier's or bailee's demand.

(3) A carrier or bailee that has issued a nonnegotiable document need not obey a notice to stop received from a person other than the person named in the document as the person from which the goods have been received for shipment or storage.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-524 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743jj / Section 42-524
Sec. 42-524. Construction of controllers', consumer health date controllers' and processors' duties.
Status: in_force

(b) The obligations imposed on controllers, processors or consumer health data controllers under sections 42-515 to 42-526 , inclusive, shall not restrict a controller's, processor's or consumer health data controller's ability to collect, use or retain data for internal use to: (1) Conduct internal research to develop, improve or repair products, services or technology; (2) effectuate a product recall; (3) identify and repair technical errors that impair existing or intended functionality; or (4) perform internal operations that are reasonably aligned with the expectations of the consumer or reasonably anticipated based on the consumer's existing relationship with the controller or consumer health data controller, or are otherwise compatible with processing data in furtherance of the provision of a product or service specifically requested by a consumer or the performance of a contract to which the consumer is a party.

(c) The obligations imposed on controllers, processors or consumer health data controllers under sections 42-515 to 42-526 , inclusive, shall not apply where compliance by the controller, processor or consumer health data controller with said sections would violate an evidentiary privilege under the laws of this state. Nothing in sections 42-515 to 42-526 , inclusive, shall be construed to prevent a controller, processor or consumer health data controller from providing personal data concerning a consumer to a person covered by an evidentiary privilege under the laws of the state as part of a privileged communication.

(d) A controller, processor or consumer health data controller that discloses personal data to a processor or third-party controller in accordance with sections 42-515 to 42-526 , inclusive, shall not be deemed to have violated said sections if the processor or third-party controller that receives and processes such personal data violates said sections, provided, at the time the disclosing controller, processor or consumer health data controller disclosed such personal data, the disclosing controller, processor or consumer health data controller did not have actual knowledge that the receiving processor or third-party controller would violate said sections. A third-party controller or processor receiving personal data from a controller, processor or consumer health data controller in compliance with sections 42-515 to 42-526 , inclusive, is likewise not in violation of said sections for the transgressions of the controller, processor or consumer health data controller from which such third-party controller or processor receives such personal data.

(e) Nothing in sections 42-515 to 42-526 , inclusive, shall be construed to: (1) Impose any obligation on a controller, processor or consumer health data controller that adversely affects the rights or freedoms of any person, including, but not limited to, the rights of any person (A) to freedom of speech or freedom of the press guaranteed in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, or (B) under section 52-146t ; or (2) apply to any person's processing of personal data in the course of such person's purely personal or household activities.

(f) Personal data processed by a controller or consumer health data controller pursuant to this section may be processed to the extent that such processing is: (1) Reasonably necessary and proportionate to the purposes listed in this section; and (2) adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the specific purposes listed in this section. Personal data collected, used or retained pursuant to subsection (b) of this section shall, where applicable, take into account the nature and purpose or purposes of such collection, use or retention. Such data shall be subject to reasonable administrative, technical and physical measures to protect the confidentiality, integrity and accessibility of the personal data and to reduce reasonably foreseeable risks of harm to consumers relating to such collection, use or retention of personal data.

(g) If a controller or consumer health data controller processes personal data pursuant to an exemption in this section, the controller or consumer health data controller bears the burden of demonstrating that such processing qualifies for the exemption and complies with the requirements in subsection (f) of this section.

(h) Processing personal data for the purposes expressly identified in this section shall not solely make a legal entity a controller or consumer health data controller with respect to such processing.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-103mm — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 734b / Section 42-103mm
Sec. 42-103mm. Time share disclosure statement. Written acknowledgment of receipt.
Status: reserved

(b) The time share disclosure statement for a single-site time share plan or a multisite time share plan that includes a specific time share interest shall include:

(1) The type of time share plan offered and the name and address of the developer and the single site or specific site offered for the multisite time share plan;

(2) A description of the duration and operation of the time share plan;

(3) A description of the existing or proposed accommodations, including the type and number of time share interests in the accommodations expressed in periods of seven-day-use availability or other time increment applicable to the time share plan. The description of each type of accommodation included in the time share plan shall be categorized by the number of bedrooms, the number of bathrooms, and sleeping capacity, and shall include a statement indicating whether the accommodation contains a full kitchen, which means a kitchen that has a minimum of a dishwasher, range, sink, oven and refrigerator. If the accommodations are proposed or incomplete, a schedule for commencement, completion and availability of the accommodations shall be provided;

(4) A description of any existing or proposed amenities of the time share plan and, if the amenities are proposed or incomplete, a schedule for commencement, completion, and availability of the amenities;

(5) The extent to which financial arrangements have been provided for the completion of all promised accommodations and amenities that are committed to be built;

(6) A description of the method and timing for performing maintenance of the accommodations;

(7) A statement indicating that, on an annual basis, the sum of the nights that purchasers are entitled to use the accommodations does not exceed the number of nights the accommodations are available for use by the purchasers;

(8) A description of the method by which purchasers' use of the accommodations is scheduled;

(9) A statement that an association exists or is expected to be created or that such an association does not exist and is not expected to be created and, if such an association exists or is reasonably contemplated, a description of its powers and responsibilities;

(10) Relating to the single-site time share plan or the specific time share interest of a multisite time share plan, copies of the following documents, if applicable, including any amendments to the documents, unless separately provided to the purchaser simultaneously with the time share disclosure statement: (A) The declaration; (B) the association articles of incorporation; (C) the association bylaws; (D) the association rules; and (E) any lease or contract, excluding the purchase contract and other loan documents required to be signed by the purchaser at closing;

(11) The name and principal address of the managing entity and a description of the procedures, if any, for altering the powers and responsibilities of the managing entity and for removing or replacing it;

(12) The current annual budget, if available, or the projected annual budget for the time share plan or time share properties managed by the same managing entity if assessments are deposited in a common account. The budget shall include:

(A) A statement of the amount reserved or budgeted for repairs, replacements and refurbishment;

(B) The projected common expense liability, if any, by category of expenditure for the time share plan or time share properties managed by the same managing entity; and

(C) The assumptions on which the operating budget is based;

(13) The projected assessments and a description of the method for calculating and apportioning those assessments among purchasers;

(14) Any initial fee or special fee due from the purchaser at closing, together with a description of the purpose and method of calculating the fee;

(15) A description of any lien, defect or encumbrance on or affecting title to the time share interest and, if applicable, a copy of each written warranty provided by the developer;

(16) A description of any bankruptcy of the developer that is pending or that has occurred within the past five years, pending civil or criminal suit, adjudication or disciplinary actions material to the time share plan of which the developer has knowledge;

(17) A description of any financing offered by or available through the developer;

(18) Any current or anticipated fees or charges to be paid by time share purchasers for the use of any accommodations or amenities related to the time share plan, and a statement that the fees or charges are subject to change;

(19) A description of the insurance respectively insuring the (A) time share property against damage and destruction, (B) association against liability to others, and (C) owners of time share interests against liability to others;

(20) A description of the type of insurance coverage necessary to protect the purchaser and reasonably repair or replace the accommodations and amenities;

(21) The extent to which a time share interest may become subject to a tax lien or other lien arising out of claims against purchasers of different time share interests;

(22) A description of the purchaser's right to cancel the purchase contract identified in section 42-103pp ;

(23) A statement disclosing any right of first refusal or other restraint on the transfer of all or any portion of a time share interest;

(24) A statement disclosing that any deposit made in connection with the purchase of a time share interest shall be held by a closing agent until expiration of any right to cancel the contract and that if the purchaser elects to exercise the right of cancellation, any deposit shall be returned to the purchaser, as set forth in subsection (d) of section 42-103pp , or, if the commissioner accepts from the developer a surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit or other form of financial assurance instead of an escrow deposit, a statement disclosing that the developer has provided a surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit or other form of financial assurance in an amount equal to or in excess of the funds that would otherwise be held by a closing agent and that if the purchaser elects to exercise the right of cancellation, any deposit shall be returned to the purchaser, as set forth in subsection (d) of section 42-103pp ;

(25) If applicable, a statement that the assessments collected from the purchasers may be placed in a common account with the assessments collected from the purchasers of other time share properties managed by the same managing entity;

(26) If the time share plan provides purchasers with the opportunity to participate in an exchange program, a description of the name and address of the exchange company and the method by which a purchaser accesses the exchange program; and

(27) Any other information the commissioner deems necessary to protect prospective purchasers or to implement sections 42-103cc to 42-103ddd , inclusive.

(c) A developer who offers a specific time share interest in a multisite time share plan also shall fully disclose the following information in written, graphic or tabular form:

(1) A description of each component site, including the name and address of each component site;

(2) A description of each type of accommodation in each component site, categorized by the number of bedrooms, the number of bathrooms, and sleeping capacity and a statement indicating whether the accommodation contains a full kitchen, which means a kitchen that has a minimum of a dishwasher, range, sink, oven and refrigerator;

(3) A description of the amenities at each component site available for use by purchasers;

(4) A description of the reservation system, including, but not limited to:

(A) The entity responsible for operating the reservation system, its relationship to the developer and the duration of any agreement for operation of the reservation system;

(B) A summary of the rules governing access to and use of the reservation system; and

(C) The existence of and explanation regarding any priority reservation features that affect a purchaser's ability to make reservations for the use of a given accommodation on a first-come, first-served basis;

(5) The name and principal address of the managing entity for the multisite time share plan and a description of the procedures, if any, for altering the powers and responsibilities of the managing entity and for removing or replacing it;

(6) A description of any right to make additions to, substitutions in or deletions from accommodations, amenities or component sites, and a description of the basis on which accommodations, amenities or component sites may be added to, substituted in or deleted from the multisite time share plan;

(7) A description of the purchaser's liability for any fees associated with the multisite time share plan;

(8) The location of each component site of the multisite time share plan, the historical occupancy of each component site for the prior twelve-month period, if the component site was part of the multisite time share plan during such twelve-month time period, as well as any periodic adjustment or amendment to the reservation system that may be needed in order to respond to actual purchaser use patterns and changes in purchaser use demand for the accommodations existing at the time within the multisite time share plan; and

(9) Any other information the commissioner deems necessary to protect prospective purchasers or to implement sections 42-103cc to 42-103ddd , inclusive.

(d) A developer who offers a nonspecific time share interest in a multisite time share plan shall disclose the following information in written, graphic or tabular form:

(1) The name and address of the developer;

(2) A description of the type of interest and the usage rights the purchaser will receive;

(3) A description of the duration and operation of the time share plan;

(4) A description of the insurance respectively insuring the (A) time share property against damage and destruction, (B) association against liability to others, and (C) owners of time share interests against liability to others;

(5) An explanation of who holds title to the accommodations of each component site;

(6) A description of each component site, including the name and address of each component site;

(7) A description of the existing or proposed accommodations, expressed in periods of seven-day use availability or any other time increment applicable to the time share plan. The description of each type of accommodation included in the time share plan shall be categorized by the number of bedrooms, the number of bathrooms, and sleeping capacity, and shall include a statement indicating whether the accommodation contains a full kitchen, which means a kitchen that has a minimum of a dishwasher, range, sink, oven and refrigerator. If the accommodations are proposed or incomplete, a schedule for commencement, completion and availability of the accommodations shall be provided;

(8) A statement that an association exists or is expected to be created or that such an association does not exist and is not expected to be created and, if such an association exists or is reasonably contemplated, a description of its powers and responsibilities;

(9) If applicable, copies of the following documents applicable to the multisite time share plan, including any amendments to the documents, unless separately provided to the purchaser simultaneously with the time share disclosure statement: (A) The declaration; (B) the association articles of incorporation; (C) the association bylaws; (D) the association rules; and (E) any lease or contract, excluding the purchase contract and other loan documents required to be signed by the purchaser at closing;

(10) A description of the method and timing for performing maintenance of the accommodations;

(11) A statement indicating that, on an annual basis, the sum of the nights that purchasers are entitled to use the accommodations does not exceed the number of nights the accommodations are available for use by the purchasers;

(12) A description of amenities available for use by the purchaser at each component site;

(13) The location of each component site of the multisite time share plan, the historical occupancy of each component site for the prior twelve-month period, if the component site was part of the multisite time share plan during such twelve-month time period, as well as any periodic adjustment or amendment to the reservation system that may be needed in order to respond to actual purchaser use patterns and changes in purchaser use demand for the accommodations existing at the time within the multisite time share plan;

(14) A description of the right to make any additions, substitutions, or deletions of accommodations, amenities or component sites, and a description of the basis upon which accommodations, amenities or component sites may be added to, substituted in or deleted from the multisite time share plan;

(15) A description of the reservation system that shall include all of the following:

(A) The entity responsible for operating the reservation system, its relationship to the developer and the duration of any agreement for operation of the reservation system;

(B) A summary of the rules governing access to and use of the reservation system; and

(C) The existence of and an explanation regarding any priority reservation features that affect a purchaser's ability to make reservations for the use of a given accommodation on a first-come, first-served basis;

(16) The name and principal address of the managing entity for the multisite time share plan and a description of the procedures, if any, for altering the powers and responsibilities of the managing entity and for removing or replacing it, and a description of the relationship between the multisite time share plan managing entity and the managing entity of the component sites of the multisite time share plan, if different from the multisite time share plan managing entity;

(17) The current annual budget of the multisite time share plan, if available, or the projected annual budget for the multisite time share plan, which shall include, but not be limited to:

(A) A statement of the amount reserved or budgeted for repairs, replacements and refurbishment;

(B) The projected common expense liability, if any, by category of expenditure for the multisite time share plan; and

(C) The assumptions on which the operating budget is based;

(18) The projected assessments and a description of the method for calculating and apportioning those assessments among purchasers of the multisite time share plan;

(19) If applicable, a statement that the assessments collected from the purchasers may be placed in a common account with the assessments collected from the purchasers of other time share properties managed by the same managing entity;

(20) Any current fees or charges to be paid by time share purchasers for the use of any amenities related to the time share plan and a statement that the fees or charges are subject to change;

(21) Any initial or special fee due from the purchaser at closing, together with a description of the purpose of and method of calculating the fee;

(22) A description of the purchaser's liability for any fees associated with the multisite time share plan;

(23) A description of any lien, defect or encumbrance on or affecting title to the time share interest and, if applicable, a copy of each written warranty provided by the developer;

(24) The extent to which a time share interest may become subject to a tax lien or other lien arising out of claims against purchasers of different time share interests;

(25) A description of the cancellation provisions and the waiver prohibition set forth in subsections (a) to (c), inclusive, of section 42-103pp ;

(26) A description of any financing offered by or available through the developer;

(27) A description of any bankruptcy of the developer that is pending or that has occurred within the past five years, pending civil or criminal suits, adjudications or disciplinary actions material to the time share plan of which the developer has knowledge;

(28) A statement disclosing any right of first refusal or other restraint on the transfer of all or a portion of a time share interest;

(29) A statement disclosing that any deposit made in connection with the purchase of a time share interest shall be held by a closing agent until expiration of any right to cancel the contract and that if the purchaser elects to exercise the right of cancellation, any deposit shall be returned to the purchaser, as set forth in subsection (d) of section 42-103pp , or, if the commissioner requires from the developer a surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit or other form of financial assurance instead of an escrow deposit, a statement disclosing that the developer has provided a surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit or other form of financial assurance in an amount equal to or in excess of the funds that would otherwise be held by a closing agent and that if the purchaser elects to exercise the right of cancellation, any deposit shall be returned to the purchaser, as set forth in subsection (d) of section 42-103pp ;

(30) If the time share plan provides purchasers with the opportunity to participate in an exchange program, a description of the name and address of the exchange company and the method by which a purchaser accesses the exchange program; and

(31) Any other information the commissioner determines is necessary to protect prospective purchasers or to implement the purpose of sections 42-103cc to 42-103ddd , inclusive.

(e) A developer may include any other information in a time share disclosure statement approved by the commissioner.

(f) If a time share plan is located wholly outside this state, the commissioner may permit the developer to submit a time share disclosure statement the developer is currently providing purchasers or an equivalent time share disclosure statement filed for the time share plan in another state if the current statement or the equivalent statement substantially complies with the requirements of this section. Use of an equivalent time share disclosure statement pursuant to this subsection does not exempt the developer from other requirements of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-519 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-519
Sec. 42a-9-519. Numbering, maintaining and indexing records. Communicating information provided in records.
Status: in_force

(1) In the case of a record filed in the filing office described in subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , assign a unique number to the filed record;

(2) In the case of a record filed in the filing office described in subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , create a record that bears the number assigned to the filed record and the date and time of filing;

(3) Maintain the filed record for public inspection; and

(4) Index the filed record in accordance with subsections (b), (c) and (d) of this section.

(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c) and (d) of this section, the filing office shall:

(1) Index an initial financing statement according to the name of the debtor and index all filed records relating to the initial financing statement in a manner that associates with one another an initial financing statement and all filed records relating to the initial financing statement; and

(2) Index a record that provides a name of a debtor which was not previously provided in the financing statement to which the record relates also according to the name that was not previously provided.

(c) If a financing statement is filed as a fixture filing or covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, it must be filed for record and the filing office shall index it:

(1) In the grantor index under the names of the debtor and of each owner of record shown on the financing statement as if they were the mortgagors under a mortgage of the real property described; and

(2) In the grantee index under the name of the secured party as if the secured party were the mortgagee thereunder, or, if indexing is by description, as if the financing statement were a record of a mortgage of the real property described.

(d) (1) If a financing statement is filed as a fixture filing or covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, the filing office shall index an assignment filed under subsection (a) of section 42a-9-514 or an amendment filed under subsection (b) of section 42a-9-514 :

(A) In the grantor index under the name of the assignor as grantor; and

(B) In the grantee index under the name of the assignee as grantee.

(2) The filing officer shall also enter upon the margin of the record of such initial financing statement a notation of the record of the subsequent assignment or amendment and of any continuation statement, termination statement or information statement.

(e) The filing office shall maintain a capability:

(1) To retrieve a record by the name of the debtor and:

(A) If the filing office is described in subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , by the book and page number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates; or

(B) If the filing office is described in subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 , by the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates; and

(2) To associate and retrieve with one another an initial financing statement and each filed record relating to the initial financing statement.

(f) The filing office may not remove a debtor's name from the index until one year after the effectiveness of a financing statement naming the debtor lapses under section 42a-9-515 with respect to all secured parties of record.

(g) The filing office shall perform the acts required by subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, of this section at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office regulation, but not later than five business days after the filing office receives the record in question.

(h) Subsection (g) of this section does not apply to a filing office described in subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-501 .
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-721 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-721
Sec. 42a-2-721. Remedies for fraud.
Status: in_force

Intent is to make actions for fraud or misrepresentation presumptively inconsistent with postacceptance claims for breach of warranty. 244 C. 126; judgment reversed in part, see 310 C. 375.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-116s — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 737c / Section 42-116s
Sec. 42-116s. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Artist” means the individual who creates a work of fine art.

(2) “Work of fine art” means any drawing; painting; sculpture; mosaic; photograph; work of calligraphy; work of graphic art, including any etching, lithograph, offset print, silkscreen or other work of graphic art; craft work in clay, textile, fiber, metal, plastic or other material; art work in mixed media, including any collage, assemblage or other work combining any of the artistic media named in this definition, or combining any of said media with other media; or a master from which copies of an artistic work can be made, such as a mold or a photographic negative, with a market value of at least two thousand five hundred dollars; provided work of fine art shall not include (A) commissioned work prepared under contract for trade or advertising usage, provided the artist, prior to creating the work, has signed an agreement stating that said work shall be a commissioned work which may be altered without consent; (B) work prepared by an employee within the scope of his employment duties.

(3) “Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, association or other group, however organized.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-7-209 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 7 / Section 42a-7-209
Sec. 42a-7-209. Lien of warehouse.
Status: in_force

(b) A warehouse may also reserve a security interest against the bailor for the maximum amount specified on the receipt for charges other than those specified in subsection (a) of this section, such as for money advanced and interest. The security interest is governed by article 9.

(c) A warehouse's lien for charges and expenses under subsection (a) of this section or a security interest under subsection (b) of this section is also effective against any person that so entrusted the bailor with possession of the goods that a pledge of them by the bailor to a good faith purchaser for value would have been valid. However, the lien or security interest is not effective against a person that before issuance of a document of title had a legal interest or a perfected security interest in the goods and that did not:

(1) Deliver or entrust the goods or any document of title covering the goods to the bailor or the bailor's nominee with: (A) Actual or apparent authority to ship, store or sell; (B) power to obtain delivery under section 42a-7-403 ; or (C) power of disposition under section 42a-2-403 , 42a-2A-404 , 42a-2A-405 or 42a-9-320 , subsection (c) of section 42a-9-321 or other statute or rule of law; or

(2) Acquiesce in the procurement by the bailor or its nominee of any document.

(d) A warehouse's lien on household goods for charges and expenses in relation to the goods under subsection (a) of this section is also effective against all persons if the depositor was the legal possessor of the goods at the time of deposit. In this subsection, “household goods” means furniture, furnishings or personal effects used by the depositor in a dwelling.

(e) A warehouse loses its lien on any goods that it voluntarily delivers or unjustifiably refuses to deliver.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-243 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743i / Section 42-243
Sec. 42-243. Lessor prohibited from imposing certain charges upon lessee. Permitted charges.
Status: in_force

(1) Any insurance whether in connection with the transaction or otherwise, except that a charge may be made for property insurance for the rented property if the charge is clearly disclosed as optional and does not exceed five per cent of the rental renewal payment;

(2) In-home collection of a payment unless the lessee has expressly agreed to the fee and the amount of the fee is disclosed. This fee may not exceed five dollars, may not be assessed until after the expiration of the grace periods described in subdivision (3) of this section, may not be assessed more than three times in any six-month period, and may be charged in lieu of, but not in addition to, any allowable late charge;

(3) Late payment of an installment unless the lessee has expressly agreed to the fee and the amount of the fee is disclosed. No such fee shall be assessed on any rental payment that is made within five days after the due date on rent-to-own agreements with monthly renewal dates and within three days after the due date on rent-to-own agreements with renewal dates more frequent than monthly. Thereafter a lessor may assess a late charge not to exceed five per cent of the late renewal payment or five dollars, whichever is less, except that a minimum late charge of one dollar may be assessed. Only one late fee may be assessed upon any delinquent renewal payment, regardless of the period during which it remains in default, and payments, when received, shall first be applied to the most recent payment due. With respect to renewal payments accepted by mail or by store deposit box, no lessor shall assess a late fee for payments which are postmarked or received before the expiration of the applicable grace periods;

(4) Early termination of a rent-to-own agreement or for the return of an item at any point;

(5) Picking up the rented property;

(6) A separate payment in excess of the weekly or monthly rental renewal payment in order to acquire ownership of the rented property;

(7) An application fee or processing fee in excess of ten dollars.

See Sec. 1-2a re construction of references to “United States mail”, “postmark” or “registered or certified mail”.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-806 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-806
Sec. 42a-9-806. When initial financing statement suffices to continue effectiveness of financing statement.
Status: repealed

(1) The filing of an initial financing statement in that office would be effective to perfect a security interest under this article, as amended by public act 11-108*;

(2) The pre-effective-date financing statement, as defined in section 42a-9-807 , was filed in an office in another state; and

(3) The initial financing statement satisfies subsection (c) of this section.

(b) The filing of an initial financing statement under subsection (a) of this section continues the effectiveness of the pre-effective-date financing statement, as defined in section 42a-9-807 :

(1) If the initial financing statement is filed before July 1, 2013, for the period provided in section 42a-9-515 in effect on June 30, 2013, with respect to an initial financing statement; and

(2) If the initial financing statement is filed on or after July 1, 2013, for the period provided in section 42a-9-515 , as amended by public act 11-108*, with respect to an initial financing statement.

(c) To be effective for purposes of subsection (a) of this section, an initial financing statement must:

(1) Satisfy the requirements of part 5 of this article, as amended by public act 11-108*, for an initial financing statement;

(2) Identify the pre-effective-date financing statement, as defined in section 42a-9-807 , by indicating the office in which the financing statement was filed and providing the dates of filing and file numbers, if any, of the financing statement and of the most recent continuation statement filed with respect to the financing statement; and

(3) Indicate that the pre-effective-date financing statement, as defined in section 42a-9-807 , remains effective.

*Note: Public act 11-108 is entitled “An Act Concerning Amendments to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code Concerning Secured Transactions”. (See Reference Table captioned “Public Acts of 2011” in Volume 16 which lists the sections amended, created or repealed by the act.)
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-7-704 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 7 / Section 42a-7-704
Sec. 42a-7-704. Savings clause.
Status: repealed

*Note: Public act 04-64 is entitled “An Act Adopting Revised Article 7 of the Uniform Commercial Code Concerning Documents of Title”. (See Reference Table captioned “Public Acts of 2004” in Volume 16 which lists the sections amended, created or repealed by the act.)
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-408 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743aa / Section 42-408
Sec. 42-408. Prohibited lease provisions.
Status: in_force

(1) Authorize the holder to accelerate the maturity of all or part of the amount owing on the lease whenever the holder deems itself insecure;

(2) Require the lessee to execute an authorization to confess judgment or an assignment of wages; or

(3) Authorize the holder or another person to enter upon the lessee's premises or to commit a breach of the peace in the repossession of the goods.

(b) A provision prohibited by this section is unenforceable but does not otherwise affect the validity of the lease.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-7-106 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 7 / Section 42a-7-106
Sec. 42a-7-106. Control of electronic document of title.
Status: in_force

(b) A system satisfies subsection (a) of this section, and a person is deemed to have control of an electronic document of title, if the document is created, stored and assigned in such a manner that:

(1) A single authoritative copy of the document exists which is unique, identifiable and, except as otherwise provided in subdivisions (4), (5) and (6) of this subsection, unalterable;

(2) The authoritative copy identifies the person asserting control as:

(A) The person to which the document was issued; or

(B) If the authoritative copy indicates that the document has been transferred, the person to which the document was most recently transferred;

(3) The authoritative copy is communicated to and maintained by the person asserting control or its designated custodian;

(4) Copies or amendments that add or change an identified assignee of the authoritative copy can be made only with the consent of the person asserting control;

(5) Each copy of the authoritative copy and any copy of a copy is readily identifiable as a copy that is not the authoritative copy; and

(6) Any amendment of the authoritative copy is readily identifiable as authorized or unauthorized.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-328 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-328
Sec. 42a-2-328. Sale by auction.
Status: reserved

(2) A sale by auction is complete when the auctioneer so announces by the fall of the hammer or in other customary manner. Where a bid is made while the hammer is falling in acceptance of a prior bid the auctioneer may in his discretion reopen the bidding or declare the goods sold under the bid on which the hammer was falling.

(3) Such a sale is with reserve unless the goods are in explicit terms put up without reserve. In an auction with reserve the auctioneer may withdraw the goods at any time until he announces completion of the sale. In an auction without reserve, after the auctioneer calls for bids on an article or lot, that article or lot cannot be withdrawn unless no bid is made within a reasonable time. In either case a bidder may retract his bid until the auctioneer's announcement of completion of the sale, but a bidder's retraction does not revive any previous bid.

(4) If the auctioneer knowingly receives a bid on the seller's behalf or the seller makes or procures such a bid, and notice has not been given that liberty for such bidding is reserved, the buyer may at his option avoid the sale or take the goods at the price of the last good faith bid prior to the completion of the sale. This subsection shall not apply to any bid at a forced sale.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-401 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-401
Sec. 42a-2-401. Passing of title; reservation for security; limited application of this section.
Status: in_force

(1) Title to goods cannot pass under a contract for sale prior to their identification to the contract as provided by section 42a-2-501 and unless otherwise explicitly agreed the buyer acquires by their identification a special property as limited by this title. Any retention or reservation by the seller of the title (property) in goods shipped or delivered to the buyer is limited in effect to a reservation of a security interest. Subject to these provisions and to the provisions of article 9, title to goods passes from the seller to the buyer in any manner and on any conditions explicitly agreed on by the parties.

(2) Unless otherwise explicitly agreed title passes to the buyer at the time and place at which the seller completes his performance with reference to the physical delivery of the goods, despite any reservation of a security interest and even though a document of title is to be delivered at a different time or place; and in particular and despite any reservation of a security interest by the bill of lading (a) if the contract requires or authorizes the seller to send the goods to the buyer but does not require him to deliver them at destination, title passes to the buyer at the time and place of shipment; but (b) if the contract requires delivery at destination, title passes on tender there.

(3) Unless otherwise explicitly agreed where delivery is to be made without moving the goods, (a) if the seller is to deliver a tangible document of title, title passes at the time when and the place where he delivers such documents and if the seller is to deliver an electronic document of title, title passes when the seller delivers the document; or (b) if the goods are at the time of contracting already identified and no documents of title are to be delivered, title passes at the time and place of contracting.

(4) A rejection or other refusal by the buyer to receive or retain the goods, whether or not justified, or a justified revocation of acceptance revests title to the goods in the seller. Such revesting occurs by operation of law and is not a “sale”.

One who delivers goods cannot retain title. 161 C. 242. Subdiv. (2): Delivery completes performance even without certificate of title where one is required. Id., 388. Cited. 163 C. 62; 166 C. 280; 198 C. 624; 216 C. 17.

Cited. 25 CS 111.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-103ff — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 734b / Section 42-103ff
Sec. 42-103ff. Exempt communications.
Status: in_force

(1) Any communication addressed to and relating to the account of the person; or

(2) Any audio, written or visual publication or material relating to an exchange company or program if the person is a member of that exchange company or program.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-325 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-325
Sec. 42a-2-325. “Letter of credit” term; “confirmed credit”.
Status: in_force

(2) The delivery to seller of a proper letter of credit suspends the buyer's obligation to pay. If the letter of credit is dishonored, the seller may on seasonable notification to the buyer require payment directly from him.

(3) Unless otherwise agreed the term “letter of credit” or “banker's credit” in a contract for sale means an irrevocable credit issued by a financing agency of good repute and, where the shipment is overseas, of good international repute. The term “confirmed credit” means that the credit must also carry the direct obligation of such an agency which does business in the seller's financial market.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-8-105 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 8 / Section 42a-8-105
Sec. 42a-8-105. Notice of adverse claim.
Status: in_force

(1) The person knows of the adverse claim;

(2) The person is aware of facts sufficient to indicate that there is a significant probability that the adverse claim exists and deliberately avoids information that would establish the existence of the adverse claim; or

(3) The person has a duty, imposed by statute or regulation, to investigate whether an adverse claim exists, and the investigation so required would establish the existence of the adverse claim.

(b) Having knowledge that a financial asset or interest therein is or has been transferred by a representative imposes no duty of inquiry into the rightfulness of a transaction and is not notice of an adverse claim. However, a person who knows that a representative has transferred a financial asset or interest therein in a transaction that is, or whose proceeds are being used, for the individual benefit of the representative or otherwise in breach of duty has notice of an adverse claim.

(c) An act or event that creates a right to immediate performance of the principal obligation represented by a security certificate or sets a date on or after which the certificate is to be presented or surrendered for redemption or exchange does not itself constitute notice of an adverse claim except in the case of a transfer more than:

(1) One year after a date set for presentment or surrender for redemption or exchange; or

(2) Six months after a date set for payment of money against presentation or surrender of the certificate, if money was available for payment on that date.

(d) A purchaser of a certificated security has notice of an adverse claim if the security certificate:

(1) Whether in bearer or registered form, has been endorsed “for collection” or “for surrender” or for some other purpose not involving transfer; or

(2) Is in bearer form and has on it an unambiguous statement that it is the property of a person other than the transferor, but the mere writing of a name on the certificate is not such a statement.

(e) Filing of a financing statement under article 9 is not notice of an adverse claim to a financial asset.

See Sec. 42a-8-114 for successor provisions to Sec. 42a-8-105(3), revised to 1997, re rules in an action on a security.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42b-2 — Connecticut Code / Title 42b / Chapter 748 / Section 42b-2
Sec. 42b-2. Public entities empowered to establish system for issuance of registered obligations. Interest on certain unregistered public obligations not exempt from federal tax.
Status: in_force

(b) Since obligations have traditionally been issued in bearer rather than in registered form and a change from bearer to registered form may affect the relationships, rights and duties of issuers of, and the persons that deal with, obligations and by such effect, the costs, and since such effects will impact the various issuers and varieties of obligations differently depending on their legal and financial characteristics, their markets and their adaptability to recent and prospective technological and organizational developments, it is therefore a matter of state concern that public entities be provided flexibility in the development of such systems and control over system incidents so as to accommodate such differing impacts. It is a purpose of this chapter to empower the establishment and maintenance and amendment from time to time of differing systems of registration of obligations, including system incidents, so as to accommodate the differing impacts upon issuers and varieties of obligations. It is further a purpose of this chapter to authorize systems that will facilitate the prompt and accurate transfer of registered public obligations and to develop practices with regard to the registration and transfer of registered public obligations.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-232 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743h / Section 42-232
Sec. 42-232. Prohibition on sale of product or service or energy resource at excessive price during supply or energy emergency. Penalty.
Status: in_force

(b) No person shall sell or offer for sale during the course of an energy emergency declared by the Governor under section 16a-11 or 16a-12 any energy resource upon which price restrictions have been ordered to be imposed at a price which exceeds the price at which such energy resource was sold or offered for sale by such person in the usual course of business immediately prior to the declaration of the emergency. Nothing herein shall prohibit an increase in the price of an energy resource which is attributable to additional costs incurred by such person in connection with the acquisition, production, distribution or sale of such energy resource.

(c) Any violation of the provisions of this section shall be deemed an unfair trade or deceptive practice under subsection (a) of section 42-110b .

(d) Any person who violates the provisions of this section or any order issued pursuant to section 42-231 shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars or imprisoned not more than one year, or both, for each offense, except that any person who intentionally violates the provisions of this section or any order issued pursuant to section 42-231 or engages in a pattern of activity constituting repeated violations of this section or any such order shall be guilty of a class D felony for each offense. Each violation and each day on which the violation occurs or continues shall be a separate offense.

Cited. 231 C. 707.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-207 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-207
Sec. 42a-2A-207. Legal recognition of electronic records and authentications.
Status: in_force

(b) This article does not require that a record or authentication be generated, stored, sent, received or otherwise processed by electronic means or in electronic form.

(c) In any transaction, a person may establish reasonable requirements regarding the type of authentication or record acceptable to such person.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-152 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 742 / Section 42-152
Sec. 42-152. Consumer contract to be written in plain language.
Status: in_force

(b) Plain language tests. A consumer contract is written in plain language if it substantially complies with all of the following tests:

(1) It uses short sentences and paragraphs; and

(2) It uses everyday words; and

(3) It uses personal pronouns, the actual or shortened names of the parties to the contract, or both, when referring to those parties; and

(4) It uses simple and active verb forms; and

(5) It uses type of readable size; and

(6) It uses ink which contrasts with the paper; and

(7) It heads sections and other subdivisions with captions which are in boldface type or which otherwise stand out significantly from the text; and

(8) It uses layout and spacing which separate the paragraphs and sections of the contract from each other and from the borders of the paper; and

(9) It is written and organized in a clear and coherent manner.

(c) Alternate objective tests. A consumer contract is also written in plain language if it fully meets all of the following tests, using the procedures described in section 42-158 :

(1) The average number of words per sentence is less than twenty-two; and

(2) No sentence in the contract exceeds fifty words; and

(3) The average number of words per paragraph is less than seventy-five; and

(4) No paragraph in the contract exceeds one hundred fifty words; and

(5) The average number of syllables per word is less than 1.55; and

(6) It uses personal pronouns, the actual or shortened names of the parties to the contract, or both, when referring to those parties; and

(7) It uses no typeface of less than eight points in size; and

(8) It allows at least three-sixteenths of an inch of blank space between each paragraph and section; and

(9) It allows at least one-half of an inch of blank space at all borders of each page; and

(10) If the contract is printed, each section is captioned in boldface type at least ten points in size. If the contract is typewritten, each section is captioned and the captions are underlined; and

(11) It uses an average length of line of no more than sixty-five characters.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-522 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743jj / Section 42-522
Sec. 42-522. Controllers' data protection assessments. Disclosure to Attorney General.
Status: in_force

(b) Data protection assessments conducted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall identify and weigh the benefits that may flow, directly and indirectly, from the processing to the controller, the consumer, other stakeholders and the public against the potential risks to the rights of the consumer associated with such processing, as mitigated by safeguards that can be employed by the controller to reduce such risks. The controller shall factor into any such data protection assessment the use of de-identified data and the reasonable expectations of consumers, as well as the context of the processing and the relationship between the controller and the consumer whose personal data will be processed.

(c) The Attorney General may require that a controller disclose any data protection assessment that is relevant to an investigation conducted by the Attorney General, and the controller shall make the data protection assessment available to the Attorney General. The Attorney General may evaluate the data protection assessment for compliance with the responsibilities set forth in sections 42-515 to 42-525 , inclusive. Data protection assessments shall be confidential and shall be exempt from disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act, as defined in section 1-200 . To the extent any information contained in a data protection assessment disclosed to the Attorney General includes information subject to attorney-client privilege or work product protection, such disclosure shall not constitute a waiver of such privilege or protection.

(d) A single data protection assessment may address a comparable set of processing operations that include similar activities.

(e) If a controller conducts a data protection assessment for the purpose of complying with another applicable law or regulation, the data protection assessment shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements established in this section if such data protection assessment is reasonably similar in scope and effect to the data protection assessment that would otherwise be conducted pursuant to this section.

(f) Data protection assessment requirements shall apply to processing activities created or generated after July 1, 2023, and are not retroactive.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-260 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743j / Section 42-260
Sec. 42-260. Extended warranties. Definitions. Warranty requirements. Reimbursement insurance policy. Reserves. Surplus and ratio requirement. Requirement re filing of financial statement. Regulations. Exceptions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Extended warranty” means a contract or agreement to either perform or provide indemnification for the repair, replacement or maintenance of a product because of operational or structural failure of such product due to a defect in materials, skill or workmanship or normal wear and tear given for consideration over and above the lease or purchase price of a product. “Extended warranty” does not include portable electronics insurance, as defined in section 38a-397 .

(2) “Extended warranty provider” means a person who issues, makes, provides or offers to provide an extended warranty to a buyer and who is contractually obligated to provide service under such extended warranty, excluding a retail seller of an extended warranty if such seller: (A) Is the manufacturer of the product covered under the extended warranty, or a subsidiary of the manufacturer; (B) sells or offers an extended warranty for a product obligating the manufacturer, a subsidiary of the manufacturer, a distributor or an importer to provide the service or indemnification arising under the extended warranty; or (C) performs at least ninety per cent of the repair service provided to buyers pursuant to extended warranties purchased from such seller.

(3) “Buyer” means a person who purchases an extended warranty from an extended warranty provider.

(4) “Extended warranty reimbursement insurance policy” means a policy of insurance providing coverage for all obligations and liabilities incurred by an extended warranty provider under the terms of the extended warranty sold to a buyer by such provider.

(b) An extended warranty shall obligate the extended warranty provider to supply to the buyer all services and functional parts that may be necessary to repair the product for the duration of the extended warranty without additional charge, except as otherwise expressly provided.

(c) An extended warranty shall contain all of the following:

(1) A clear description and identification of the product;

(2) The date when the extended warranty commences and its duration, and, if the extended warranty is for less than one year, the extended warranty shall include a provision for the automatic extension of the extended warranty while the product is in the custody of the extended warranty provider for repair under such warranty;

(3) A description of the limits on transfer or assignment of the extended warranty if the enforceability of an extended warranty is limited to the original buyer or is limited to persons other than every consumer owner of the covered product during the term of the extended warranty;

(4) A statement of the obligation of the extended warranty provider including statements of: (A) Any services, parts, components, defects, malfunctions, conditions, repairs or remedies that are excluded from the scope of the extended warranty; (B) any limits on the obligations of the extended warranty provider; (C) any additional services which the extended warranty provider will supply; (D) whether the buyer has the responsibility of any other obligations and, if so, the nature and frequency of such obligations, and the consequences of any noncompliance;

(5) A step-by-step explanation of the procedure which the buyer shall follow in order to obtain performance of any obligation under the extended warranty including: (A) The full legal and business name of the extended warranty provider; (B) the mailing address of the extended warranty provider; (C) the persons or class of persons that are authorized to perform service; (D) the name or title and address of any agent, employee or department of the extended warranty provider that is responsible for the performance of any obligations; (E) the method of giving notice to the extended warranty provider of the need for service; (F) whether in-home service is provided or, if not, whether the costs of transporting the product for service or repairs will be paid by the extended warranty provider; (G) if the product must be transported to the extended warranty provider, either the place where the product may be delivered for service or repairs or a toll-free telephone number which the buyer may call to obtain that information; (H) all other steps which the buyer must take to obtain service; and (I) all fees, charges and other costs that the buyer must pay to obtain service;

(6) A description of the services the extended warranty provider will supply under the extended warranty; and

(7) A statement of a right to cancel the warranty if the buyer returns the product or the product is sold, lost, stolen or destroyed, or a statement that there is no right to cancel.

(d) (1) An extended warranty shall not be issued, sold or offered for sale unless the extended warranty provider is insured under an extended warranty reimbursement insurance policy issued by an insurer authorized to do business in this state or the extended warranty provider can demonstrate that reserves for claims contained in the provider's financial statements are not in excess of one-half of a provider's audited net worth. If such reserves are in excess of one-half of a provider's net worth, the reserves shall be held in trust by an independent trustee and certified annually as adequate by an actuary.

(2) The extended warranty reimbursement insurance policy shall cover the obligations under the extended warranty sold by the extended warranty provider during the period of time that such provider's insurance policy is in force.

(3) An insurer authorized to issue an extended warranty reimbursement insurance policy in this state shall, at the time the policy is filed with the Insurance Commissioner as set forth in subsection (c) of section 38a-676 and continuously thereafter: (A) Maintain a surplus as to policyholders and paid-in capital of not less than fifteen million dollars; (B) demonstrate to the satisfaction of said commissioner that the company maintains a ratio of net written premiums, wherever written, to a surplus as to policyholders and paid-in capital of not greater than three to one; and (C) annually file with the Insurance Commissioner copies of such insurer's audited financial statements, its National Association of Insurance Commissioners' Annual Statement and the actuarial certification required by and filed in such insurer's state of domicile.

(e) An extended warranty provider shall submit to the Insurance Commissioner: (1) A copy of the extended warranty form issued by said provider; and (2) a copy of said provider's extended warranty reimbursement insurance policy form issued by an insurer authorized to do business in this state or a certification by a certified public accountant attesting to the adequacy of the reserves for claims reported on said provider's financial statements or contained in said provider's trust account.

(f) (1) An extended warranty shall contain the name and address of the insurers insuring the obligations and liabilities of such warranty and instructions on how the buyer, or successor to the buyer's rights, of the product may file a claim with the insurer if the extended warranty provider fails to perform according to the terms of the extended warranty.

(2) An insurer of an extended warranty shall not refuse to renew any policy unless such insurer or its agent shall send, by registered or certified mail or by mail evidenced by a certificate of mailing or delivery to the Insurance Commissioner, at least sixty days' advance notice of its intention not to renew. The notice of intent not to renew shall state or be accompanied by a statement specifying the reason for such nonrenewal.

(g) The Insurance Commissioner shall develop regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, implementing an arbitration process to settle disputes arising from extended warranty contracts between extended warranty providers and buyers.

(h) Nothing in this section shall apply to a home warranty contract or home warranty service agreement, as defined in section 38a-320 , or regulated utilities.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110r — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 735b / Section 42-110r
Sec. 42-110r. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(a) “Repairer” means any person engaged in the business of repairing, overhauling, adjusting, assembling or disassembling consumer goods;

(b) “Person” means a natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, partnership, incorporated or unincorporated association, and any other legal entity;

(c) “Consumer goods” means any article, except motor vehicles, purchased, leased or rented primarily for personal, family, household or commercial purposes.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4-213 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4 / Section 42a-4-213
Sec. 42a-4-213. Medium and time of settlement by bank.
Status: in_force

(b) If the tender of settlement is not by a medium authorized by subsection (a) or the time of settlement is not fixed by subsection (a), no settlement occurs until the tender of settlement is accepted by the person receiving settlement.

(c) If settlement for an item is made by cashier's check or teller's check and the person receiving settlement, before its midnight deadline: (1) Presents or forwards the check for collection, settlement is final when the check is finally paid; or (2) fails to present or forward the check for collection, settlement is final at the midnight deadline of the person receiving settlement.

(d) If settlement for an item is made by giving authority to charge the account of the bank giving settlement in the bank receiving settlement, settlement is final when the charge is made by the bank receiving settlement if there are funds available in the account for the amount of the item.

See Sec. 42a-4-215 for successor provisions to Sec. 42a-4-213, revised to 1991, re final payment of item by payor bank, when provisional debits and credits become final and when certain credits become available for withdrawal.

Cited. 230 C. 486; 232 C. 167.

Cited. 2 CA 110.

Cited. 39 CS 240.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-346 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743r / Section 42-346
Sec. 42-346. Termination of dealer agreement by supplier or dealer.
Status: in_force

(b) A supplier may immediately terminate a dealer agreement at any time upon the occurrence of any of the following events:

(1) The filing of a petition for bankruptcy or for receivership either by or against the dealer;

(2) The making by the dealer to the supplier of an intentional and material misrepresentation as to the dealer's financial status;

(3) Any default by the dealer under a chattel mortgage or other security agreement between the dealer and the supplier;

(4) The commencement of voluntary or involuntary dissolution or liquidation of the dealer if the dealer is a partnership or corporation;

(5) A change in the location of the dealer's principal place of business as set forth in the dealer agreement without the prior written approval of the supplier, if required by the dealer agreement; or

(6) Withdrawal of an individual proprietor, partner or major shareholder of the dealer, the involuntary termination of a key manager of the dealer, or a substantial reduction in the interest of a partner or major shareholder of the dealer without the prior written consent of the supplier, if required by the dealer agreement.

(c) Unless there is an agreement to the contrary, a dealer that intends to terminate a dealer agreement with a supplier shall notify the supplier of such intent not less than one hundred twenty days prior to the effective date of the termination.

(d) Any notice required to be given under this section by either party to a dealer agreement shall be in writing, shall be made by certified mail or by personal delivery and shall contain, at a minimum:

(1) A statement of intention to terminate the dealer agreement;

(2) A statement of the reasons for such termination; and

(3) The date on which such termination shall become effective.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-5-107 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 5 / Section 42a-5-107
Sec. 42a-5-107. Confirmer, nominated person and adviser.
Status: in_force

(b) A nominated person who is not a confirmer is not obligated to honor or otherwise give value for a presentation.

(c) A person requested to advise may decline to act as an adviser. An adviser that is not a confirmer is not obligated to honor or give value for a presentation. An adviser undertakes to the issuer and to the beneficiary accurately to advise the terms of the letter of credit, confirmation, amendment or advice received by that person and undertakes to the beneficiary to check the apparent authenticity of the request to advise. Even if the advice is inaccurate, the letter of credit, confirmation or amendment is enforceable as issued.

(d) A person who notifies a transferee beneficiary of the terms of a letter of credit, confirmation, amendment or advice has the rights and obligations of an adviser under subsection (c) of this section. The terms in the notice to the transferee beneficiary may differ from the terms in any notice to the transferor beneficiary to the extent permitted by the letter of credit, confirmation, amendment or advice received by the person who so notifies.

Cited. 173 C. 492.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-9-703 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 9 / Section 42a-9-703
Sec. 42a-9-703. Security interest perfected before October 1, 2001.
Status: repealed

(b) Except as otherwise provided in section 42a-9-705 , if, immediately before October 1, 2001, a security interest is enforceable and would have priority over the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor at that time, but the applicable requirements for enforceability or perfection under public act 01-132* are not satisfied on October 1, 2001, the security interest:

(1) Is a perfected security interest for one year after October 1, 2001;

(2) Remains enforceable thereafter only if the security interest becomes enforceable under section 42a-9-203 before the year expires; and

(3) Remains perfected thereafter only if the applicable requirements for perfection under public act 01-132* are satisfied before the year expires.

*Note: Public act 01-132 is entitled “An Act Adopting Revised Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code Concerning Secured Transactions”. (See Reference Table captioned “Public Acts of 2001” in Volume 16 which lists the sections amended, created or repealed by the act.)
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-7-601 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 7 / Section 42a-7-601
Sec. 42a-7-601. Lost, stolen or destroyed documents of title.
Status: in_force

(b) A bailee that, without court order, delivers goods to a person claiming under a missing negotiable document of title is liable to any person injured thereby. If the delivery is not in good faith, the bailee is liable for conversion. Delivery in good faith is not conversion if the claimant posts security with the bailee in an amount at least double the value of the goods at the time of posting to indemnify any person injured by the delivery which files a notice of claim within one year after the delivery.

See Sec. 40-53 re issuance of duplicate receipts not marked as such.

See Sec. 40-55 re delivery of goods without obtaining negotiable receipt.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4A-105 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4A / Section 42a-4A-105
Sec. 42a-4A-105. Other definitions.
Status: in_force

(1) “Authorized account” means a deposit account of a customer in a bank designated by the customer as a source of payment of payment orders issued by the customer to the bank. If a customer does not so designate an account, any account of the customer is an authorized account if payment of a payment order from that account is not inconsistent with a restriction on the use of that account.

(2) “Bank” means a person engaged in the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, and trust company. A branch or separate office of a bank is a separate bank for purposes of this article.

(3) “Customer” means a person, including a bank, having an account with a bank or from whom a bank has agreed to receive payment orders.

(4) “Funds-transfer business day” of a receiving bank means the part of a day during which the receiving bank is open for the receipt, processing, and transmittal of payment orders and cancellations and amendments of payment orders.

(5) “Funds-transfer system” means a wire-transfer network, automated clearing house, or other communication system of a clearing house or other association of banks through which a payment order by a bank may be transmitted to the bank to which the order is addressed.

(6) “Prove” with respect to a fact means to meet the burden of establishing the fact.

(b) Other definitions applying to this article and the section in which they appear are:

“Acceptance”. Section 42a-4A-209 .

“Beneficiary”. Section 42a-4A-103 .

“Beneficiary's bank”. Section 42a-4A-103 .

“Executed”. Section 42a-4A-301 .

“Execution date”. Section 42a-4A-301 .

“Funds transfer”. Section 42a-4A-104 .

“Funds-transfer system rule”. Section 42a-4A-501 .

“Intermediary bank”. Section 42a-4A-104 .

“Originator”. Section 42a-4A-104 .

“Originator's bank”. Section 42a-4A-104 .

“Payment by beneficiary's bank to beneficiary”. Section 42a-4A-405 .

“Payment by originator to beneficiary”. Section 42a-4A-406 .

“Payment by sender to receiving bank”. Section 42a-4A-403 .

“Payment date”. Section 42a-4A-401 .

“Payment order”. Section 42a-4A-103 .

“Receiving bank”. Section 42a-4A-103 .

“Security procedure”. Section 42a-4A-201 .

“Sender”. Section 42a-4A-103 .

(c) The following definitions in article 4 apply to this article:

“Clearing house”. Section 42a-4-104 .

“Item”. Section 42a-4-104 .

“Suspends payments”. Section 42a-4-104 .

(d) In addition, article 1 contains general interpretation applicable throughout this article.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-103ss — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 734b / Section 42-103ss
Sec. 42-103ss. Deposit of funds. Release of funds. Closing agent and developer agreement. Disputes relating to funds. Financial assurance in lieu of funds.
Status: in_force

(b) Any broker accepting moneys paid or advanced by the purchaser, lessee, prospective purchaser or prospective lessee in respect to the sale or lease of any time share interest shall comply with the following:

(1) Deposit any such moneys, in accordance with section 20-324k , in an escrow account acceptable to the commissioner, in a bank doing business in this state; and

(2) Maintain such moneys in such escrow account until:

(A) A proper and valid release is obtained therefor;

(B) Either party has defaulted under the contract or agreement and the commissioner or the court has made a determination as to the disposition of such money, or the seller or lessor orders the return of such money to such purchaser or lessee; or

(C) The time limits for revoking the contract or agreement, as set forth in section 42-103pp , have expired.

(c) A closing agent owes the purchaser a fiduciary duty.

(d) The closing agent and the developer shall execute an agreement that includes a statement providing that:

(1) Funds may be disbursed to the developer from the escrow or trust account by the agent only:

(A) After the purchaser's cancellation period has expired; and

(B) As provided by the purchase contract, subject to sections 42-103cc to 42-103ddd , inclusive; and

(2) If the purchaser cancels the purchase contract as provided by the contract, the funds shall be paid to (A) the purchaser, or (B) the developer if the purchaser's funds have been refunded previously by the developer; and

(3) If a developer contracts to sell a time share interest and the construction of the building in which the time share interest is located has not been completed when the cancellation period expires, the developer shall continue to maintain all funds received from the purchaser under the purchase agreement in the escrow or trust account until construction of the building is completed. The documentation required for evidence of completion of construction includes:

(A) A certificate of occupancy;

(B) A certificate of substantial completion;

(C) Evidence of a public safety inspection from a government agency in the applicable jurisdiction; or

(D) Any other evidence acceptable to the commissioner.

(e) The funds or property constituting the escrow or trust deposit may be released from escrow only in accordance with this section.

(f) If the purchaser cancels the purchase contract as provided by the contract, the funds shall be paid to (1) the purchaser, or (2) the developer if the purchaser's funds have been refunded previously by the developer.

(g) If the purchaser defaults in the performance of obligations under the terms of the purchase contract, the funds shall be paid to the developer.

(h) If the developer defaults in the performance of obligations under the purchase contract, the funds shall be paid to the purchaser.

(i) If the funds of the purchaser have not been disbursed previously as provided in subsections (e) to (h), inclusive, of this section, the funds may be disbursed to the developer by the agent if acceptable evidence of completion of construction is provided.

(j) If there is a dispute relating to the funds in the escrow or trust account, the agent shall maintain the funds in the account until (1) the agent receives written directions agreed to and signed by all parties, or (2) a civil action relating to the disputed funds is filed.

(k) If a civil action is filed, the closing agent shall maintain or deposit the funds as directed by the court in which the action is filed.

(l) In lieu of the deposit of funds in an escrow or trust account as required by this section, the commissioner may accept from the developer a surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit or other form of financial assurance, including financial assurance posted in another state or jurisdiction.

(m) The amount of the financial assurance provided under subsection (l) of this section shall be in an amount equal to or greater than the amount of funds that would otherwise be placed in an escrow or trust account under subsection (a) of this section.

(n) The amount of the financial assurance provided under this section for time share property under construction shall be no less than:

(1) The amount equal to or more than the amount of funds that would otherwise be placed in an escrow or trust account under subsection (a) of this section; or

(2) The amount necessary to assure completion of all accommodations promised to be completed along with all furniture, fixtures and any other promised improvements as portrayed in the time share instruments or time share disclosure statement. The surety bond shall provide for the reduction of the bond amount as work is completed, provided such bond reductions have been approved by the commissioner. In the event the developer is considering future additional phases, the amount need not include the cost of completion of those phases so long as they have not been promised as part of the time share instruments.

(o) The type of surety bond provided under this section may include, but not be limited to, a completion of construction bond or escrow bond.

(p) The closing agent or developer shall make documents related to the escrow or trust account or the financial assurance provided available to the commissioner upon the commissioner's request.

(q) Excluding any encumbrance placed against a purchaser's time share interest securing the purchaser's payment of purchase money financing for the purchase, a developer shall not be entitled to the release of any escrowed funds until such developer has provided evidence satisfactory to the commissioner of one of the following:

(1) That the time share interest, together with any other property or rights to property appurtenant to the time share interest, including any amenities represented to the purchaser as being part of the time share plan, are free and clear of any of the claims of the developer, any owner of the underlying fee, a mortgagee, judgment creditor, or other lienor or person having an interest in or lien or encumbrance against the time share interest or appurtenant property or property rights;

(2) That the developer, any owner of the underlying fee, a mortgagee, judgment creditor, or other lienor or person having an interest in or lien or encumbrance against the time share interest or appurtenant property or property rights, including any amenities represented to the purchaser as being part of the time share plan, has recorded a subordination and notice to creditors document in the jurisdiction in which the time share interest is located. The subordination document shall expressly provide that the interest holder's right, lien or encumbrance shall not adversely affect, and shall be subordinate to, the rights of the owners of the time share interests in the time share plan regardless of the date of purchase, from and after the effective date of the subordination document;

(3) That the developer, any owner of the underlying fee, a mortgagee, judgment creditor, or other lienor or person having an interest in or lien or encumbrance against the time share interest or appurtenant property or property rights, including any amenities represented to the purchaser as being part of the time share plan, has transferred the subject accommodations or amenities or all use rights therein to a nonprofit organization or an owners' association, which purpose is to hold the subject accommodations or amenities for the use and benefit of the purchasers of the time share plan and which shall act as a fiduciary to the purchasers, provided the developer has transferred control of such organization or association to the purchasers or does not exercise such developer's voting rights in such organization or association with respect to the subject accommodations or amenities. Prior to the transfer, any lien or encumbrance against the accommodation or facility shall be made subject to a subordination and notice to creditors document pursuant to subdivision (2) of this subsection; or

(4) Alternative arrangements have been made that are adequate to protect the rights of the purchasers of the time share interests and are approved by the commissioner.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-4A-205 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 4A / Section 42a-4A-205
Sec. 42a-4A-205. Erroneous payment orders.
Status: in_force

(1) If the sender proves that the sender or a person acting on behalf of the sender pursuant to section 42a-4A-206 complied with the security procedure and that the error would have been detected if the receiving bank had also complied, the sender is not obliged to pay the order to the extent stated in subdivisions (2) and (3).

(2) If the funds transfer is completed on the basis of an erroneous payment order described in clause (i) or (iii) of subsection (a), the sender is not obliged to pay the order and the receiving bank is entitled to recover from the beneficiary any amount paid to the beneficiary to the extent allowed by the law governing mistake and restitution.

(3) If the funds transfer is completed on the basis of a payment order described in clause (ii) of subsection (a), the sender is not obliged to pay the order to the extent the amount received by the beneficiary is greater than the amount intended by the sender. In that case, the receiving bank is entitled to recover from the beneficiary the excess amount received to the extent allowed by the law governing mistake and restitution.

(b) If (i) the sender of an erroneous payment order described in subsection (a) is not obliged to pay all or part of the order, and (ii) the sender receives notification from the receiving bank that the order was accepted by the bank or that the sender's account was debited with respect to the order, the sender has a duty to exercise ordinary care, on the basis of information available to the sender, to discover the error with respect to the order and to advise the bank of the relevant facts within a reasonable time, not exceeding ninety days, after the bank's notification was received by the sender. If the bank proves that the sender failed to perform that duty, the sender is liable to the bank for the loss the bank proves it incurred as a result of the failure, but the liability of the sender may not exceed the amount of the sender's order.

(c) This section applies to amendments to payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-3-111 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 3 / Section 42a-3-111
Sec. 42a-3-111. Place of payment.
Status: in_force

See Sec. 42a-3-109(a)(1) for successor provisions to Sec. 42a-3-111(a) and (b), revised to 1991, re instruments payable to bearer or the order of bearer or to a specified person or bearer.

See Secs. 42a-3-109(a)(3) and 42a-3-205(b) for successor provisions to Sec. 42a-3-111(c), revised to 1991, re instruments payable to cash or without a specific payee.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110m — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 735a / Section 42-110m
Sec. 42-110m. Restraining orders or injunctions. Relief.
Status: in_force

(b) Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed as a limitation upon the power or authority of the state, the attorney general or the commissioner to seek administrative, legal or equitable relief as provided by other statutes or at common law.

Cited. 186 C. 507; 217 C. 404; 238 C. 216.

Cited. 4 CA 137; 13 CA 230; 15 CA 150.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-529d — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743jj / Section 42-529d
Sec. 42-529d. Exemptions.
Status: in_force

(b) The following information and data is exempt from the provisions of sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, and section 42-529e : (1) Protected health information; (2) patient-identifying information for the purposes of 42 USC 290dd-2, as amended from time to time; (3) identifiable private information for the purposes of the federal policy for the protection of human subjects under 45 CFR 46, as amended from time to time; (4) identifiable private information that is otherwise information collected as part of human subjects research pursuant to the good clinical practice guidelines issued by the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, as amended from time to time; (5) the protection of human subjects under 21 CFR Parts 6, 50 and 56, as amended from time to time, or personal data used or shared in research, as defined in 45 CFR 164.501, as amended from time to time, that is conducted in accordance with the standards set forth in this subdivision and subdivisions (3) and (4) of this subsection, or other research conducted in accordance with applicable law; (6) information and documents created for the purposes of the Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986, 42 USC 11101 et seq., as amended from time to time; (7) patient safety work products for the purposes of section 19a-127o and the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act, 42 USC 299b-21 et seq., as amended from time to time; (8) information derived from any of the health care-related information listed in this subsection that is de-identified in accordance with the requirements for de-identification under HIPAA; (9) information originating from and intermingled so as to be indistinguishable from, or information treated in the same manner as, information that is exempt under this subsection and maintained by a covered entity or business associate, program or qualified service organization, as specified in 42 USC 290dd-2, as amended from time to time; (10) information used for public health activities and purposes as authorized by HIPAA, community health activities and population health activities; (11) the collection, maintenance, disclosure, sale, communication or use of any personal information bearing on a consumer's credit worthiness, credit standing, credit capacity, character, general reputation, personal characteristics or mode of living by a consumer reporting agency, furnisher or user that provides information for use in a consumer report, and by a user of a consumer report, but only to the extent that such activity is regulated by and authorized under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 USC 1681 et seq., as amended from time to time; (12) personal data collected, processed, sold or disclosed in compliance with the Driver's Privacy Protection Act of 1994, 18 USC 2721 et seq., as amended from time to time; (13) personal data regulated by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20 USC 1232g et seq., as amended from time to time; (14) personal data collected, processed, sold or disclosed in compliance with the Farm Credit Act, 12 USC 2001 et seq., as amended from time to time; (15) data processed or maintained (A) in the course of an individual applying to, employed by or acting as an agent or independent contractor of a controller, processor or third party, to the extent that the data is collected and used within the context of that role, (B) as the emergency contact information of an individual under sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, and section 42-529e used for emergency contact purposes, or (C) that is necessary to retain to administer benefits for another individual relating to the individual who is the subject of the information under subdivision (1) of this subsection and used for the purposes of administering such benefits; and (16) personal data collected, processed, sold or disclosed in relation to price, route or service, as such terms are used in the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, 49 USC 40101 et seq., and the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, 49 USC 41713, as said acts may be amended from time to time.

(c) No provision of this section or sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, or section 42-529e shall be construed to restrict a controller's or processor's ability to: (1) Comply with federal, state or municipal ordinances or regulations; (2) comply with a civil, criminal or regulatory inquiry, investigation, subpoena or summons by federal, state, municipal or other governmental authorities; (3) cooperate with law enforcement agencies concerning conduct or activity that the controller or processor reasonably and in good faith believes may violate federal, state or municipal ordinances or regulations; (4) investigate, establish, exercise, prepare for or defend legal claims; (5) take immediate steps to protect an interest that is essential for the life or physical safety of the minor or another individual, and where the processing cannot be manifestly based on another legal basis; (6) prevent, detect, protect against or respond to security incidents, identity theft, fraud, harassment, malicious or deceptive activities or any illegal activity, preserve the integrity or security of systems or investigate, report or prosecute those responsible for any such action; (7) engage in public or peer-reviewed scientific or statistical research in the public interest that adheres to all other applicable ethics and privacy laws and is approved, monitored and governed by an institutional review board that determines, or similar independent oversight entities that determine, (A) whether the deletion of the information is likely to provide substantial benefits that do not exclusively accrue to the controller or processor, (B) the expected benefits of the research outweigh the privacy risks, and (C) whether the controller or processor has implemented reasonable safeguards to mitigate privacy risks associated with research, including, but not limited to, any risks associated with re-identification; (8) assist another controller, processor or third party with any obligation under sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, or section 42-529e ; or (9) process personal data for reasons of public interest in the area of public health, community health or population health, but solely to the extent that such processing is (A) subject to suitable and specific measures to safeguard the rights of the minor whose personal data is being processed, and (B) under the responsibility of a professional subject to confidentiality obligations under federal, state or local law.

(d) No obligation imposed on a controller or processor under any provision of sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, or section 42-529e shall be construed to restrict a controller's or processor's ability to collect, use or retain data for internal use to: (1) Conduct internal research to develop, improve or repair products, services or technology; (2) effectuate a product recall; (3) identify and repair technical errors that impair existing or intended functionality; or (4) perform internal operations that are (A) reasonably aligned with the expectations of a minor or reasonably anticipated based on the minor's existing relationship with the controller or processor, or (B) otherwise compatible with processing data in furtherance of the provision of a product or service specifically requested by a minor.

(e) No controller or processor shall be required to comply with any provision of sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, or section 42-529e if compliance with such provision would violate an evidentiary privilege under the laws of this state, and no such provision shall be construed to prevent a controller or processor from providing, as part of a privileged communication, any personal data concerning a minor to any other person who is covered by such evidentiary privilege.

(f) No provision of sections 42-529 to 42-529c , inclusive, or section 42-529e shall be construed to: (1) Impose any obligation on a controller that adversely affects the rights or freedoms of any person, including, but not limited to, the rights of any person (A) to freedom of speech or freedom of the press guaranteed in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, or (B) under section 52-146t ; or (2) apply to any individual's processing of personal data in the course of such individual's purely personal or household activities.

(g) (1) Any personal data processed by a controller pursuant to this section may be processed to the extent that such processing is: (A) Reasonably necessary and proportionate to the purposes listed in this section; and (B) adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the specific purposes listed in this section.

(2) Any controller that collects, uses or retains data pursuant to subsection (d) of this section shall, where applicable, take into account the nature and purpose or purposes of such collection, use or retention. Such data shall be subject to reasonable administrative, technical and physical measures to protect the confidentiality, integrity and accessibility of the personal data and to reduce reasonably foreseeable risks of harm to minors concerning such collection, use or retention of personal data.

(h) If any controller or processor processes personal data pursuant to an exemption established in subsections (a) to (g), inclusive, of this section, such controller or processor bears the burden of demonstrating that such processing qualifies for such exemption and complies with the requirements established in subsection (g) of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-8-509 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 8 / Section 42a-8-509
Sec. 42a-8-509. Specification of duties of securities intermediary by other statute or regulation; manner of performance of duties of securities intermediary and exercise of rights of entitlement holder.
Status: in_force

(b) To the extent that specific standards for the performance of the duties of a securities intermediary or the exercise of the rights of an entitlement holder are not specified by other statute, regulation or rule or by agreement between the securities intermediary and entitlement holder, the securities intermediary shall perform its duties and the entitlement holder shall exercise its rights in a commercially reasonable manner.

(c) The obligation of a securities intermediary to perform the duties imposed by sections 42a-8-504 to 42a-8-508 , inclusive, is subject to:

(1) Rights of the securities intermediary arising out of a security interest under a security agreement with the entitlement holder or otherwise; and

(2) Rights of the securities intermediary under other law, regulation, rule or agreement to withhold performance of its duties as a result of unfulfilled obligations of the entitlement holder to the securities intermediary.

(d) Sections 42a-8-504 to 42a-8-508 , inclusive, do not require a securities intermediary to take any action that is prohibited by other statute, regulation or rule.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2A-502 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2A / Section 42a-2A-502
Sec. 42a-2A-502. Warranty against interference and against infringement; lessee's obligation against infringement.
Status: in_force

(1) A claim to or interest in the goods which will interfere with the lessee's enjoyment of the lessee's leasehold interest; or

(2) A colorable claim to or interest in the goods which will unreasonably expose the lessee to litigation.

(b) A finance lessor warrants that, except for claims by way of infringement or the like, for the duration of the lease no person holds:

(1) A claim or interest in the goods that arose from an act or omission of the lessor which will interfere with the lessee's enjoyment of the lessee's leasehold interest; or

(2) A colorable claim to or interest in the goods that arose from an act or omission of the lessor which will unreasonably expose the lessee to litigation.

(c) Except in a finance lease, a lessor that is a merchant regularly dealing in goods of the kind warrants that the goods will be delivered free of the rightful claim of a third party by way of infringement or the like. However, a lessee that furnishes specifications to the lessor holds the lessor harmless against any claim of infringement or the like that arises out of compliance with the specifications.

(d) A warranty under subsections (a) to (c), inclusive, of this section may be disclaimed or modified only by specific language or by circumstances that give the lessee reason to know that the lessor purports to transfer only such right as the lessor or a third party may have.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-725 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 2 / Section 42a-2-725
Sec. 42a-2-725. Statute of limitations in contracts for sale.
Status: in_force

(2) A cause of action accrues when the breach occurs, regardless of the aggrieved party's lack of knowledge of the breach. A breach of warranty occurs when tender of delivery is made, except that where a warranty explicitly extends to future performance of the goods and discovery of the breach must await the time of such performance the cause of action accrues when the breach is or should have been discovered.

(3) Where an action commenced within the time limited by subsection (1) is so terminated as to leave available a remedy by another action for the same breach such other action may be commenced after the expiration of the time limited and within six months after the termination of the first action unless the termination resulted from voluntary discontinuance or from dismissal for failure or neglect to prosecute.

(4) This section does not alter the law on tolling of the statute of limitations nor does it apply to causes of action which have accrued before October 1, 1961.

Cited. 191 C. 150; 205 C. 219; 210 C. 734; 218 C. 297. Repair or replacement clause in purchase agreement does not toll running of statute of limitations. 244 C. 126.

Section is a statute of repose as it contains a fixed time limit of 4 years, after which one in default may not be sued for breach, but section is explicit that the limit is subject to tolling, and limit may be tolled by conduct of the parties. 141 CA 319.

Claim against manufacturer for injuries caused by defective skates held tort liability and not breach of warranty under section and therefore barred by statute of limitations. 27 CS 46. Not applicable to breach of contract to perform services. 37 CS 735.

Subsec. (1):

Where defendant restaurateur, sued by customer for breach of warranty in sale of unmerchantable clams, impleaded third party defendant as supplier, demurrer to third party complaint was sustained as statute of limitations barred action. 28 CS 385.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-1-102 — Connecticut Code / Title 42a / Chapter 1 / Section 42a-1-102
Sec. 42a-1-102. Scope of article.
Status: in_force

Cited. 172 C. 112; 230 C. 486.

Cited. 6 CA 530.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-410 — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 743aa / Section 42-410
Sec. 42-410. Late fees. Delinquency and default charges. Attorney's fees.
Status: in_force

(b) A holder may not impose a late charge on a current periodic payment if the only delinquency in the current payment is an amount equal to or less than unpaid late charges imposed on earlier periodic payments, but the lease may impose an additional late charge if all or part of a periodic payment remains delinquent through an additional payment period.

(c) Subject to subsection (b) of this section regarding late charges, a consumer lease may provide for imposition on the lessee of charges for the lessee's delinquency or default, including collection, repossession and court costs, at an amount that is reasonable in light of the anticipated or actual harm caused by the delinquency or default, the difficulties of proof of loss and the inconvenience or unfeasibility of otherwise obtaining an adequate remedy.

(d) A consumer lease may provide for the imposition on the lessee of the holder's reasonable attorney's fees, but the fees are recoverable by the holder only if the holder is represented by an attorney who is not an employee of the holder. If a consumer lease provides for recovery of attorney's fees by the holder, a lessee who successfully defends a collection action is entitled to reasonable attorney's fees from the holder.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42b-8 — Connecticut Code / Title 42b / Chapter 748 / Section 42b-8
Sec. 42b-8. Costs of maintaining system of registration. Issuer may provide for its liability through agreements with others.
Status: in_force

(b) The issuer may as a part of a system of registration provide for reimbursement or for satisfaction of its liability by payment by others. The issuer may enter into agreements with others respecting such reimbursement or payment, may establish fees and charges pursuant to such agreements or otherwise and may provide that the amount or estimated amount of such fees and charges shall be reimbursed or paid from the same sources and by means of the same collection and enforcement procedures and with the same priority and effect as with respect to the obligations.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-133g — Connecticut Code / Title 42 / Chapter 739 / Section 42-133g
Sec. 42-133g. Action for violation. Right to occupy franchise premises where lease expires upon termination of franchise. Items filed with court by franchisor seeking possession of franchise premises.
Status: in_force

(b) A franchisee who leases real property under a franchise agreement, which lease expires upon termination of the franchise, and who receives notice from the franchisor in accordance with the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) of section 42-133f that such franchise is terminated, shall have no right or privilege to occupy the premises which are the subject of such lease, as of the date specified in such notice for the termination of such franchise, unless such franchisee is granted a temporary injunction in accordance with the provisions of chapter 916.

(c) A franchisor who applies to a court to obtain possession of premises leased by the franchisor to the franchisee upon termination of the franchise, which premises the franchisee has no right or privilege to occupy under subsection (b) of this section, shall file with the court from which it seeks the order of possession: (1) An affidavit under oath from the clerk of such court, which affidavit shall state that the court records indicate that no temporary injunction has been granted to the franchisee, (2) the return of service of the notice required pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, (3) a copy of the notice served pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, and (4) an affidavit under oath, which affidavit shall state that the notice required by subsections (a) and (b) of section 42-133f , has been served, that the notice period required by said section has expired, and that no injunction to restrain termination has been issued.

See Sec. 42-133h re applicability of section.

Cited. 179 C. 471.

Cited. 1 CA 439.