Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-815a — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 229a / Section 12-815a
Sec. 12-815a. Vendor, affiliate, lottery sales agent and occupational licenses. Suspension or revocation of license. Compliance by licensees. Provisional authorization for occupational license applicant. Incidents involving lottery gaming system. Regulations.
Status: in_force

(b) No person or business organization awarded a primary contract by the Connecticut Lottery Corporation to provide facilities, components, goods or services that are necessary for and directly related to the secure operation of the activities of said corporation shall do so unless such person or business organization is issued a vendor license by the Commissioner of Consumer Protection. For the purposes of this subsection, “primary contract” means a contract to provide facilities, components, goods or services to said corporation by a person or business organization (1) that provides any lottery game or any online wagering system related facilities, components, goods or services and that receives or, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment, can be expected to receive more than seventy-five thousand dollars or twenty-five per cent of its gross annual sales from said corporation, or (2) that has access to the facilities of said corporation and provides services in such facilities without supervision by said corporation. Each applicant for a vendor license shall pay a nonrefundable application fee of two hundred fifty dollars.

(c) No person or business organization, other than a shareholder in a publicly traded corporation, may be a contractor or a subcontractor for the provision of facilities, components, goods or services that are necessary for and directly related to the secure operation of the activities of the Connecticut Lottery Corporation, or may exercise control in or over a vendor licensee unless such person or business organization is licensed as an affiliate licensee by the commissioner. Each applicant for an affiliate license shall pay a nonrefundable application fee of two hundred fifty dollars.

(d) (1) Each employee of a vendor or affiliate licensee who has access to the facilities of the Connecticut Lottery Corporation and provides services in such facilities without supervision by said corporation or performs duties directly related to the activities of said corporation shall obtain an occupational license.

(2) Each officer, director, partner, trustee or owner of a business organization licensed as a vendor or affiliate licensee and any shareholder, executive, agent or other person connected with any vendor or affiliate licensee who, in the judgment of the commissioner, will exercise control in or over any such licensee shall obtain an occupational license.

(3) Each employee of the Connecticut Lottery Corporation shall obtain an occupational license.

(e) The commissioner shall issue occupational licenses in the following classes: (1) Class I for persons specified in subdivision (1) of subsection (d) of this section; (2) Class II for persons specified in subdivision (2) of subsection (d) of this section; (3) Class III for persons specified in subdivision (3) of subsection (d) of this section who, in the judgment of the commissioner, will not exercise authority over or direct the management and policies of the Connecticut Lottery Corporation; and (4) Class IV for persons specified in subdivision (3) of subsection (d) of this section who, in the judgment of the commissioner, will exercise authority over or direct the management and policies of the Connecticut Lottery Corporation. Each applicant for a Class I or III occupational license shall pay a nonrefundable application fee of twenty dollars. Each applicant for a Class II or IV occupational license shall pay a nonrefundable application fee of one hundred dollars. The nonrefundable application fee shall accompany the application for each such occupational license.

(f) No person or business organization may be a lottery sales agent unless such person or organization is licensed as a lottery sales agent by the commissioner.

(g) In determining whether to grant a vendor, affiliate, lottery sales agent or occupational license to any such person or business organization, the commissioner may require an applicant to provide information as to such applicant and person in charge related to: (1) Financial standing and credit; (2) moral character; (3) criminal record, if any; (4) previous employment; (5) corporate, partnership or association affiliations; (6) ownership of personal assets; and (7) such other information as the commissioner deems pertinent to the issuance of such license, provided the submission of such other information will assure the integrity of the state lottery. The commissioner shall require each applicant for a vendor, affiliate, lottery sales agent or occupational license, provided if an applicant for a lottery sales agent is a business organization the commissioner shall require such entity's person in charge to submit to state and national criminal history records checks and may require each such applicant, or person in charge, to submit to an international criminal history records check before such license is issued. The state and national criminal history records checks required pursuant to this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with section 29-17a . The commissioner shall issue a vendor, affiliate, lottery sales agent or occupational license, as the case may be, to each applicant who satisfies the requirements of this subsection and who is deemed qualified by the commissioner. The commissioner may reject for good cause an application for a vendor, affiliate, lottery sales agent or occupational license.

(h) Each vendor, affiliate or Class I or II occupational license shall be effective for not more than one year from the date of issuance. Each Class III or IV occupational license shall remain in effect throughout the term of employment of any such employee holding such a license. The commissioner may require each employee issued a Class IV occupational license to submit information as to such employee's financial standing and credit annually. Initial application for and renewal of any such license shall be in such form and manner as the commissioner shall prescribe.

(i) (1) Upon petition of the corporation, a vendor licensee or an affiliate licensee, the department may authorize an applicant for an occupational license to provisionally perform the work permitted under the license applied for, if: (A) The applicant has filed a completed occupational license application in the form and manner required by the commissioner, and (B) the corporation, vendor licensee or affiliate licensee attests that the provisional authorization is necessary to continue the efficient operation of the lottery, and is based on circumstances that are extraordinary and not designed to circumvent the otherwise applicable licensing procedures.

(2) The department may issue a provisional authorization to an applicant for an occupational license in advance of issuance or denial of such license for a period not to exceed six months. Provisional authorization shall permit such applicant to perform the functions and require the applicant to comply with the requirements of the occupational license applied for as set forth in the provisions of this chapter and regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter. Provisional authorization shall not constitute approval for an occupational license. During the period of time that any provisional authorization is in effect, the applicant granted such authorization shall be subject to and comply with all applicable statutes and regulations. Any provisional authorization issued by the department shall expire immediately upon the earlier of: (A) The date of issuance of written notice from the department that the occupational license has been approved or denied, or (B) six months after the date the provisional authorization was issued.

(3) An individual whose occupational license application is denied after a period of provisional authorization shall not reapply for an occupational license for a period of one year from the date of the denial.

(4) An individual whose provisional authorization expires pursuant to subparagraph (B) of subdivision (2) of this subsection may apply for an additional provisional authorization. The department may issue such additional provisional authorization upon a determination that the conditions of subparagraph (B) of subdivision (1) of this subsection exist.

(j) When an incident occurs, or is reasonably suspected to have occurred, that causes a disruption in the operation, security, accuracy, integrity or availability of the lottery gaming system, the vendor licensed to provide such lottery gaming system shall, immediately upon discovery of such incident, but not later than twenty-four hours after discovery of such incident, provide the department with a written incident report including the details of the incident and the vendor's proposed corrections. Not later than five business days after notifying the department of an incident, the vendor licensee shall provide the department with a written incident report that (1) details the incident, including the root cause of the incident, and (2) outlines the vendor's plan to make corrections, mitigate the effects of the incident and prevent incidents of a similar nature from occurring in the future. If the vendor licensee is unable to determine the root cause and correct the incident within the initial five business days, the licensee shall continue to update the department every five business days with written incident reports until the root cause is determined and the incident is corrected. The department may require the vendor licensee to submit the lottery gaming system to a gaming laboratory for recertification.

(k) (1) The commissioner may suspend or revoke for good cause a vendor, affiliate, lottery sales agent or occupational license after a hearing held before the commissioner in accordance with chapter 54. The commissioner may order summary suspension of any such license in accordance with subsection (c) of section 4-182 .

(2) Any such applicant aggrieved by the action of the commissioner concerning an application for a license, or any person or business organization whose license is suspended or revoked, may appeal pursuant to section 4-183 .

(3) The commissioner may impose a civil penalty on any licensee for a violation of any provision of this chapter or any regulation adopted under section 12-568a in an amount not to exceed two thousand five hundred dollars after a hearing held in accordance with chapter 54.

(l) The commissioner may require that the books and records of any vendor or affiliate licensee be maintained in any manner which the commissioner may deem best, and that any financial or other statements based on such books and records be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in such form as the commissioner shall prescribe. The commissioner or a designee may visit, investigate and place expert accountants and such other persons as deemed necessary in the offices or places of business of any such licensee for the purpose of satisfying himself or herself that such licensee is in compliance with the regulations of the department.

(m) For the purposes of this section, (1) “business organization” means a partnership, incorporated or unincorporated association, firm, corporation, limited liability company, trust or other form of business or legal entity; (2) “control” means the power to exercise authority over or direct the management and policies of a licensee; and (3) “person” means any individual.

(n) The Commissioner of Consumer Protection may adopt such regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, as are necessary to implement the provisions of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-405d — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 218a / Section 12-405d
Sec. 12-405d. Penalty for failure to pay tax when due. Rate of interest. Deficiency assessment. Examination of returns. Collection. Liens.
Status: in_force

(b) If any taxpayer has not made his return within three months after the time specified under the provisions of section 12-405c , the commissioner may make such return at any time thereafter, according to the best information obtainable and according to the form prescribed. To the tax imposed upon the basis of such return, there shall be added an amount equal to ten per cent of such tax, or fifty dollars, whichever is greater. No taxpayer shall be subject to a penalty under both subsections (a) and (b) of this section in relation to the same tax period. The tax shall bear interest at the rate of one per cent per month or fraction thereof, from the due date of such tax until the date of payment.

(c) Subject to the provisions of section 12-3a , the commissioner may waive all or part of the penalties provided under this section when it is proven to his satisfaction that the failure to pay such tax was due to reasonable cause and was not intentional or due to neglect.

(d) The commissioner shall, within three years after the due date for the filing of such return or, in the case of a completed return filed after such due date, within three years after the date on which such return was received by him, examine such return and, in case any error is disclosed by such examination, shall within thirty days after such disclosure, notify the taxpayer thereof. When it appears that any part of the deficiency for which a deficiency assessment is made is due to negligence or intentional disregard of the provisions of this chapter or regulations promulgated thereunder, there shall be imposed a penalty equal to ten per cent of the amount of such deficiency assessment, or fifty dollars, whichever is greater. When it appears that any part of the deficiency for which a deficiency assessment is made is due to fraud or intent to evade the provisions of this chapter or regulations promulgated thereunder, there shall be imposed a penalty equal to twenty-five per cent of the amount of such deficiency assessment. No taxpayer shall be subject to more than one penalty under this subsection in relation to the same tax period. Any decision rendered by any federal court holding that a taxpayer has filed a fraudulent return with the Director of Internal Revenue shall subject the taxpayer to the penalty imposed by this section without the necessity of further proof thereof, except when it can be shown that the return to the state so differed from the return to the federal government as to afford a reasonable presumption that the attempt to defraud did not extend to the return filed with the state. The amount of such deficiency assessment shall bear interest at the rate of one and one-fourth per cent per month or fraction thereof which elapses from the date when the original tax became due and payable. Within thirty days of the mailing of such notice, the taxpayer shall pay to the commissioner, in cash or by check, draft or money order drawn to the order of the Commissioner of Revenue Services, any additional amount of tax shown to be due by the corrected return, or the taxpayer shall be paid by the State Treasurer, upon order of the Comptroller, any amount shown to be due him by such corrected return. The failure of the taxpayer to receive any timely mailed notice required by this subsection shall not relieve him of the obligation to pay the tax or any interest or penalties thereon. When, before the expiration of the time prescribed in this section for the examination of the return or the assessment of the tax, both the commissioner and the taxpayer have consented in writing to such examination or assessment after such time, the return may be examined and the tax may be assessed at any time prior to the expiration of the period agreed upon. The period so agreed upon may be extended by subsequent agreements in writing made before the expiration of the period previously agreed upon. The commissioner may also in such a case waive the statute of limitations against a claim for refund by such taxpayer.

(e) The amount of any tax, penalty or interest due and unpaid under the provisions of this chapter may be collected under the provisions of section 12-35 . The warrant therein provided for shall be signed by the commissioner or his authorized agent. The amount of any such tax, penalty and interest shall be a lien, from the last day of the taxable year until discharged by payment, against all real estate of the taxpayer within the state and a certificate of such lien signed by the commissioner may be filed for record in the office of the clerk of any town in which such real estate is situated, provided no such lien shall be effective as against any bona fide purchaser or qualified encumbrancer of any interest in any such property. When any tax with respect to which a lien has been recorded under the provisions of this section has been satisfied, the commissioner, upon request of any interested party, shall issue a certificate discharging such lien, which certificate shall be recorded in the same office in which the lien was recorded. Any action for the foreclosure of such lien shall be brought by the Attorney General in the name of the state in the superior court for the judicial district in which the property subject to such lien is situated, or, if such property is located in two or more judicial districts, in the superior court for any one such judicial district, and the court may limit the time for redemption or order the sale of such property or issue such other or further decree as it judges equitable.

(f) Any person required under this chapter to pay any tax, or required under this chapter to make a return or affidavit, keep any records or supply any information, who wilfully fails to pay such tax, make such return or affidavit, keep such records, or supply such information, at the time required by law or regulations, shall, in addition to any other penalty provided by law, be fined not more than one thousand dollars or imprisoned not more than one year or both. As used in this subsection and subsection (g), “person” includes any officer or employee of a corporation or a member or employee of a partnership under a duty to perform, pay such tax, make such return or affidavit, keep such records or supply such information.

(g) Any person who wilfully delivers or discloses to the commissioner or his authorized agent any list, return, affidavit, account, statement, or other document, known by him to be fraudulent or false in any material matter, shall, in addition to any other penalty provided by law, be guilty of a class D felony. No person shall be charged with an offense under both subsections (f) and (g) of this section in relation to the same tax period but such person may be charged and prosecuted for both such offenses upon the same information.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-81 — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 203 / Section 12-81
Sec. 12-81. *(See end of section for amended version of subdivision (33) and effective date.) Exemptions.
Status: repealed

(1) Property of the United States. Property belonging to, or held in trust for, the United States, the taxation of which has not been authorized by Congress;

(2) State property and reservation land. Property belonging to, or held in trust for, this state and reservation land held in trust by the state for an Indian tribe;

(3) County property. Repealed;

(4) Municipal property. (A) Except as otherwise provided by law, personal property belonging to, held in trust for, or leased to, a municipal corporation of this state and used for a public purpose, including personal property used for cemetery purposes, and (B) real property belonging to, held in trust for, or leased to, a municipal corporation of this state and used for a public purpose, including real property used for cemetery purposes, provided any such leased personal property, including, but not limited to, motor vehicles subject to the provisions of section 12-71 and any such leased real property is located within the boundaries of such municipal corporation;

(5) Property held by trustees for public purposes. As long as used by the public for public purposes, property held by trustees named in a will or deed of trust and their successors for this state or its people, one of its counties or its people or one of its municipal corporations or its people;

(6) Property of volunteer fire companies and property devoted to public use. The property of any volunteer fire company used for fire protection or for other public purposes, if such company receives any annual appropriation from the town; and, as long as the owner thereof makes only a nominal charge not in excess of twenty-five dollars annually for its use, property not owned by a Connecticut municipality wherein the same is situated, provided such property is exclusively used by the public in lieu of public property which would otherwise be required, as authorized by any general statute or special act;

(7) Property used for scientific, educational, literary, historical, charitable or open space land preservation purposes. Exception. (A) Subject to the provisions of sections 12-87 and 12-88 , the real property of, or held in trust for, a corporation organized exclusively for scientific, educational, literary, historical or charitable purposes or for two or more such purposes and used exclusively for carrying out one or more of such purposes or for the purpose of preserving open space land, as defined in section 12-107b , for any of the uses specified in said section, that is owned by any such corporation, and the personal property of, or held in trust for, any such corporation, provided (i) any officer, member or employee thereof does not receive or at any future time shall not receive any pecuniary profit from the operations thereof, except reasonable compensation for services in effecting one or more of such purposes or as proper beneficiary of its strictly charitable purposes, and (ii) in 1965, and quadrennially thereafter, a statement shall be filed on or before November first with the assessor or board of assessors of any town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough, in which any of its property claimed to be exempt is situated. Such statement shall be filed on a form provided by such assessor or board of assessors. Such form shall be posted on the Internet web site of such assessor or board of assessors, if applicable. The real property shall be eligible for the exemption regardless of whether it is used by another corporation organized exclusively for scientific, educational, literary, historical or charitable purposes or for two or more such purposes;

(B) On and after October 1, 2022, housing subsidized, in whole or in part, by federal, state or local government and housing for persons or families of low and moderate income shall not constitute a charitable purpose under this section. As used in this subdivision, “housing” shall not include real property used for housing belonging to, or held in trust for, any corporation organized exclusively for charitable purposes and exempt from taxation for federal income tax purposes, the primary use of which property is one or more of the following: (i) An orphanage; (ii) a drug or alcohol treatment or rehabilitation facility; (iii) housing for persons who are homeless, persons with a mental health disorder, persons with intellectual or physical disability or victims of domestic violence; (iv) housing for ex-offenders or for individuals participating in a program sponsored by the state Department of Correction or Judicial Branch; or (v) short-term housing operated by a charitable organization where the average length of stay is less than six months. The operation of such housing, including the receipt of any rental payments, by such charitable organization shall be deemed to be an exclusively charitable purpose. For the purposes of this subdivision, payments made by federal, state or local government for the treatment, support or care of individuals housed in the real property described in subparagraphs (B)(i) to (B)(v), inclusive, of this subdivision shall not constitute housing subsidies;

(8) College property. The funds and estate which have been or may be granted, provided by the state, or given by any person or persons to the Trustees of the Berkeley Divinity School, the board of trustees of Connecticut College for Women, the Hartford Seminary Foundation, Sheffield Scientific School, Trinity College, Wesleyan University or The President and Fellows of Yale College in New Haven, and by them respectively invested and held for the use of such institutions, with the income thereof; provided none of said corporations shall hold in this state real estate free from taxation affording an annual income of more than six thousand dollars. Such exemption shall not apply to any real estate which said Trustees of the Berkeley Divinity School own, control or hold in trust, and which is situated in the city of Middletown. No other provision of this section concerning exemption of property used for educational purposes shall be construed to affect any provision of this subdivision;

(9) Personal property loaned to tax-exempt educational institutions. Personal property while it is loaned without charge or leased at a nominal charge of one dollar per year to any tax-exempt educational institution above secondary level and used exclusively by such institution for teaching, research or teaching demonstration purposes;

(10) Property belonging to agricultural or horticultural societies. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-87 and 12-88 , property belonging to, or held in trust for, an agricultural or horticultural society incorporated by this state which is used in connection with an annual agricultural fair held by a nonprofit incorporated agricultural society of this state or any nonprofit incorporated society of this state carrying on or promoting any branch of agriculture, provided (A) said society shall pay cash premiums at such fair amounting to at least two hundred dollars, (B) said society shall file with the Commissioner of Agriculture on or before the thirtieth of December following said fair a report in such detail as the commissioner may require giving the names of all exhibitors and the amount of premiums, with the objects for which they have been paid, which statement shall be sworn to by the president, secretary or treasurer of the society, (C) any officer, member or employee thereof does not receive or at any future time shall not receive any pecuniary profit from the operations thereof except reasonable compensation for services in the conduct of its affairs, and (D) in 1965, and quadrennially thereafter, a statement shall be filed on or before the first day of November with the assessor or board of assessors of any town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough in which any of its property claimed to be exempt is situated. Such statement shall be filed on a form provided by such assessor or board of assessors. For purposes of this subsection, “fair” means a bona fide agricultural exhibition designed, arranged and operated to promote, encourage and improve agriculture by offering premiums and awards for the best exhibits of two or more by the following branches of agriculture: Crops, livestock, poultry, dairy products and homemaking;

(11) Property held for cemetery use. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , tangible property owned by, or held in trust for, a religious organization, provided such tangible property is used exclusively for cemetery purposes; donations held in trust by a municipality, an ecclesiastical society or a cemetery association, the income of which is to be used for the care or improvement of its cemetery, or of one or more private burial lots within such cemetery. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-87 and 12-88 , any other tangible property used for cemetery purposes shall not be exempt, unless (a) such tangible property is exclusively so used, and (b) no officer, member or employee of the organization owning such property receives or, at any future time, shall receive any pecuniary profit from the cemetery operations thereof except reasonable compensation for services in the conduct of its cemetery affairs, and (c) in 1965, and quadrennially thereafter, a statement on forms prepared by the assessor shall be filed on or before the last day required by law for the filing of assessment returns with the local board of assessors of any town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough, in which any of its property claimed to be exempt is situated;

(12) Personal property of religious organizations devoted to religious or charitable use. Personal property within the state owned by, or held in trust for, a Connecticut religious organization, whether or not incorporated, if the principal or income is used or appropriated for religious or charitable purposes or both;

(13) Houses of religious worship. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , houses of religious worship, the land on which they stand, their pews, furniture and equipment owned by, or held in trust for the use of, any religious organization;

(14) Property of religious organizations used for certain purposes. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , real property and its equipment owned by, or held in trust for, any religious organization and exclusively used as a school, a daycare facility, a Connecticut nonprofit camp or recreational facility for religious purposes, a parish house, an orphan asylum, a home for children, a thrift shop, the proceeds of which are used for charitable purposes, a reformatory or an infirmary or for two or more of such purposes;

(15) Houses used by officiating clergymen as dwellings. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , dwelling houses and the land on which they stand owned by, or held in trust for, any religious organization and actually used by its officiating clergymen;

(16) Property of hospitals and sanatoriums. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , all property of, or held in trust for, any Connecticut hospital society or corporation or sanatorium, provided (A) no officer, member or employee thereof receives or, at any future time, shall receive any pecuniary profit from the operations thereof, except reasonable compensation for services in the conduct of its affairs, and (B) in 1967, and quadrennially thereafter, a statement shall be filed by such hospital society, corporation or sanatorium on or before the first day of November with the assessor or board of assessors of any town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough, in which any of its property claimed to be exempt is situated. Such statement shall be filed on a form provided by such assessor or board of assessors;

(17) Property of blind persons. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-92 , property to the amount of three thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, any blind person, resident of this state; or, lacking said amount of property in his own name, so much of the property belonging to, or held in trust for, his spouse, who is domiciled with him, as is necessary to equal said amount;

(18) Property of veterans' organizations. (a) Property of bona fide war veterans' organization. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , property owned by, or held in trust for, any bona fide war veterans' organization or any of its local posts, which organization shall be composed in whole or in major part of veterans of the military or naval service or both of the United States in any war, except the Civil War; provided such property shall be actually and exclusively used and occupied by such organization;

(b) Property of the Grand Army of the Republic. Property belonging to the Grand Army of the Republic, or owned by, or held in trust for, any local post thereof, shall continue to be exempt from taxation in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (27);

(19) Property of veterans. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-95 , property to the amount of one thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, (A) any resident of this state who is a veteran, as defined in section 27-103 , who was a member of the armed forces in service in time of war, (B) any resident of this state who was a citizen of the United States at the time of his enlistment and who was in the military or naval service of a government allied or associated with that of the United States during the Second World War and received an honorable discharge therefrom, (C) any resident of this state who served during the Second World War as a member of any armed force of any government signatory to the United Nations Declaration of January 1, 1942, and participated in armed conflict with an enemy of the United States and who has been a citizen of the United States for at least ten years and presents satisfactory evidence of such service, (D) any resident of this state who served as a member of the crew of a merchant vessel during the Second World War and is qualified with respect to such service as a member of the group known as the “American Merchant Marine in ocean-going service during the period of armed conflict, December 7, 1941, to August 15, 1945”, members of which are deemed to be eligible for certain veterans benefits under a determination in the United States Department of Defense, as recorded in the Federal Register of February 1, 1988, provided such resident has received an armed forces discharge certificate from the Department of Defense on the basis of such service, (E) any member of the armed forces who was in service in time of war and is still in the service and by reason of continuous service has not as yet received a discharge, (F) any person who is retired from the armed forces after thirty years of service because he has reached the age limit prescribed by law or because he suffers from mental or physical disability, or (G) any person who is serving in the armed services in time of war; or lacking said amount of property in his own name, so much of the property belonging to, or held in trust for, his spouse, who is domiciled with him, as is necessary to equal said amount. For the purposes of this subdivision, “veteran”, “armed forces” and “service in time of war” have the same meanings as provided in section 27-103 ;

(20) Property of servicemen and veterans having disability ratings. (A) Subject to the provisions hereinafter stated, property not exceeding three thousand five hundred dollars in amount shall be exempt from taxation, which property belongs to, or is held in trust for, any resident of this state who has served, or is serving, in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States and (i) has a disability rating as determined by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs amounting to ten per cent or more of total disability, other than a service-connected permanent and total disability rating, provided such exemption shall be two thousand dollars in any case in which such rating is between ten per cent and twenty-five per cent; two thousand five hundred dollars in any case in which such rating is more than twenty-five per cent but not more than fifty per cent; three thousand dollars in any case in which such rating is more than fifty per cent but not more than seventy-five per cent; and three thousand five hundred dollars in any case in which such resident has attained sixty-five years of age or such rating is more than seventy-five per cent; or (ii) is receiving a pension, annuity or compensation from the United States because of the loss in service of a leg or arm or that which is considered by the rules of the United States Pension Office or the Bureau of War Risk Insurance the equivalent of such loss.

(B) If such veteran lacks such amount of property in such veteran's name, so much of the property belonging to, or held in trust for, such veteran's spouse, who is domiciled with such veteran, as is necessary to equal such amount shall also be so exempt. When any veteran entitled to an exemption under the provisions of this subdivision has died, property belonging to, or held in trust for, such deceased veteran's surviving spouse, while such spouse remains a widow or widower, or belonging to or held in trust for such deceased veteran's minor children during their minority, or both, while they are residents of this state, shall be exempt in the same aggregate amount as that to which the disabled veteran was or would have been entitled at the time of such veteran's death.

(C) No individual entitled to the exemption under this subdivision and under one or more of subdivisions (19), (22), (23), (25) and (26) of this section shall receive more than one exemption.

(D) (i) No individual shall receive any exemption to which such individual is entitled under this subdivision until such individual has complied with section 12-95 and has submitted proof of such individual's disability rating, as determined by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, to the assessor of the town in which the exemption is sought. If there is no change to an individual's disability rating, such proof shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the exemption under this subdivision is granted initially. If the United States Department of Veterans Affairs modifies a veteran's disability rating, such modification shall be deemed a waiver of the right to the exemption under this subdivision until proof of disability rating is submitted to the assessor and the right to such exemption is established as required initially, except that if such disability rating is modified to a service-connected permanent and total disability rating, such veteran may seek the exemption under subdivision (83) of this section.

(ii) Any individual who has been unable to submit evidence of disability rating in the manner required by this subdivision, or who has failed to submit such evidence as provided in section 12-95 , may, when such individual obtains such evidence, make application to the tax collector not later than one year after such individual obtains such proof or not later than one year after the expiration of the time limited in section 12-95 , as the case may be, for abatement in case the tax has not been paid, or for refund in case the whole tax has been paid, of such part or the whole of such tax as represents the service exemption. Such abatement or refund may be granted retroactively to include the assessment day next succeeding the date as of which such person was entitled to such disability rating as determined by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, but in no case shall any abatement or refund be made for a period greater than three years.

(iii) The tax collector shall, after examination of such application, refer the same, with the tax collector's recommendations thereon, to the board of selectmen of a town or to the corresponding authority of any other municipality, and shall certify to the amount of abatement or refund to which the applicant is entitled. Upon receipt of such application and certification, the selectmen or other duly constituted authority shall, in case the tax has not been paid, issue a certificate of abatement or, in case the whole tax has been paid, draw an order upon the treasurer in favor of such applicant for the amount, without interest, that represents the service exemption. Any action so taken by such selectmen or other authority shall be a matter of record and the tax collector shall be notified in writing of such action;

(21) Property of disabled veterans with severe disability. (A) Disabilities. The dwelling house, and the lot whereupon the same is erected, belonging to or held in trust for any person who is a citizen and resident of this state, occupied as such person's domicile, shall be exempt from local property taxation to the extent of ten thousand dollars of its assessed valuation or, lacking said amount in property in such person's own name, so much of the property belonging to, or held in trust for, such person's spouse, who is domiciled with such person, as is necessary to equal said amount, if such person is a veteran who served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States and has been declared by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or its successors to have a service-connected disability from paraplegia or osteochondritis resulting in permanent loss of the use of both legs or permanent paralysis of both legs and lower parts of the body; or from hemiplegia and has permanent paralysis of one leg and one arm or either side of the body resulting from injury to the spinal cord, skeletal structure or brain or from disease of the spinal cord not resulting from any form of syphilis; or from total blindness as defined in section 12-92 ; or from the amputation of both arms, both legs, both hands or both feet, or the combination of a hand and a foot; sustained through enemy action, or resulting from accident occurring or disease contracted in such active service. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to include paraplegia or hemiplegia resulting from locomotor ataxia or other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system, or from chronic alcoholism, or to include other forms of disease resulting from the veteran's own misconduct which may produce signs and symptoms similar to those resulting from paraplegia, osteochondritis or hemiplegia. The loss of the use of one arm or one leg because of service related injuries specified in this subdivision shall qualify a veteran for a property tax exemption in the same manner as hereinabove, provided such exemption shall be for five thousand dollars;

(B) Exemptions hereunder additional to others. Surviving spouse's rights. The exemption provided for in this subdivision shall be in addition to any other exemption of such person's real and personal property allowed by law, but no taxpayer shall be allowed more than one exemption under this subdivision. No person shall be entitled to receive any exemption under this subdivision until such person has satisfied the requirements of subdivision (20) of this section. The surviving spouse of any such person who at the time of such person's death was entitled to and had the exemption provided under this subdivision shall be entitled to the same exemption, (i) while such spouse remains a widow or widower, or (ii) upon the termination of any subsequent marriage of such spouse by dissolution, annulment or death and while a resident of this state, for the time that such person is the legal owner of and actually occupies a dwelling house and premises intended to be exempted hereunder. When the property which is the subject of the claim for exemption provided for in this subdivision is greater than a single family house, the assessor shall aggregate the assessment on the lot and building and allow an exemption of that percentage of the aggregate assessment which the value of the portion of the building occupied by the claimant bears to the value of the entire building;

(C) Municipal option to allow total exemption for residence with respect to which veteran has received assistance for special housing under Title 38 of United States Code. Subject to the approval of the legislative body of the municipality, the dwelling house and the lot whereupon the same is erected, belonging to or held in trust for any citizen and resident of this state, occupied as such person's domicile shall be fully exempt from local property taxation, if such person is a veteran who served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States and has received financial assistance for specially adapted housing under the provisions of Section 801 of Title 38 of the United States Code, as amended from time to time, and has applied such assistance toward the acquisition or modification of such dwelling house. The same exemption may also be allowed on such housing units owned by the surviving spouse of such veteran (i) while such spouse remains a widow or widower, or (ii) upon the termination of any subsequent marriage of such spouse by dissolution, annulment or death, or by such veteran and spouse while occupying such premises as a residence;

(22) Property of surviving spouse or minor child of serviceman or veteran. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-95 , property to the amount of one thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, any surviving spouse while such person remains a widow or widower, or a minor child or both, residing in this state, of one who has served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States, or any citizen of the United States who served in the military or naval service of a government allied or associated with the United States, as provided by subdivision (19) of this section, and who has died either during his or her term of service or after becoming a veteran, as defined in section 27-103 , provided such amount shall be three thousand dollars if death was due to service and occurred while on active duty;

(23) Property of serviceman's surviving spouse receiving federal benefits. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-95 , property to the amount of one thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, any surviving spouse, while such spouse remains a widow or widower, resident of this state, of one who has served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States, which surviving spouse is receiving or has received a pension, annuity or compensation from the United States;

(24) Property of surviving spouse or minor child of veteran receiving compensation from United States Department of Veterans Affairs. The exemption from taxation granted by subdivision (22) of this section, to the amount of three thousand dollars allowable to the widow or widower or minor child or both of a veteran whose death was due to service and occurred on active duty shall be granted to any widow or widower drawing compensation from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, upon verification of such fact by letter from said department;

(25) Property of surviving parent of deceased serviceman or veteran. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-95 , property to the amount of one thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, a sole surviving parent, while such parent remains a widow or widower, resident of this state, of one who has left no widow or widower, or whose widow or widower has remarried or died, and who has served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States as provided by subdivision (19) of this section and has died during his or her term of service or after becoming a veteran, as defined in section 27-103 , provided property belonging to, or held in trust for, such parent of more than one serviceman or servicewoman who has left no widow or widower, or whose widow or widower has remarried or died, and who has served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States as provided in subdivision (19) of this section and has died during his or her term of service shall be subject to an exemption of one thousand dollars for each such serviceman or servicewoman;

(26) Property of parents of veterans. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-95 , property to the amount of one thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, any father or mother, resident of this state, of one who served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States as long as such father or mother receives, or has received, a pension, annuity or compensation from the United States; or if such parent lacks said amount of property in his own name, so much of the property belonging to, or held in trust for, his spouse, who is domiciled with him, as is necessary to equal said amount;

(27) Property of Grand Army posts. Property owned by, or held in trust for, a Connecticut Grand Army post, provided the major use of such property shall be as a meeting place for its members or for the members of the Woman's Relief Corps or both, or provided the income from such property is being entirely devoted to its upkeep and improvement and to the relief of such soldiers of the Civil War or their dependents or both as are receiving or are entitled to receive benefits or pensions from the federal or state government or both;

(28) Property of United States Army instructors. Subject to the provisions of sections 12-89 , 12-90 and 12-95 , property to the amount of one thousand dollars, which property belongs to, or is held in trust for, any resident or nonresident of this state who was in the regular Army of the United States on the assessment day and who has been detailed by the Secretary of the Army for duty in this state for the instruction of the Connecticut National Guard. Any person receiving the foregoing exemption shall be entitled to an additional exemption of two thousand dollars on tangible personal property belonging to, or held in trust for, him, which property is necessary or convenient for the use of such person in the performance of his official duties and which property shall consist of military equipment, horses, vehicles and furniture;

(29) Property of American National Red Cross. Subject to the provisions of section 12-88 , all real estate and tangible property owned by or held in trust for the American National Red Cross;

(30) Fuel and provisions. Fuel and provisions for the use of any family;

(31) Household furniture. Household furniture, used by or held in storage for and belonging to any family;

(32) Private libraries. Private libraries and books;

*(33) Musical instruments and electronics. Musical instruments, radios, television sets, cellular mobile telephones, computers and mobile electronic devices, as defined in section 10-222d , used by and belonging to any family;

(34) Watches and jewelry. Watches and jewelry used by any individual;

(35) Wearing apparel. All other wearing apparel of every person and family;

(36) Commercial fishing apparatus. Fishing apparatus belonging to any person or company to the value of five hundred dollars, providing such apparatus was purchased for use in the main business of such person or company at the time of purchase;

(37) Mechanic's tools. Tools of a mechanic, actually used by him in his trade, to the value of five hundred dollars;

(38) Farming tools. Farming tools actually and exclusively used in the business of farming on any farm to the value of five hundred dollars;

(39) Farm produce. Produce of a farm, actually grown, growing or produced, including colts, calves and lambs, while owned and held by the producer or by a cooperative marketing corporation organized under the provisions of chapter 596, when delivered to it by such producer;

(40) Sheep, goats and swine. Sheep, goats and swine owned and kept in this state;

(41) Dairy and beef cattle, oxen, asses and mules. Dairy and beef cattle, oxen, asses and mules, owned and kept in this state;

(42) Poultry. Poultry owned and kept in this state;

(43) Cash. Cash on hand or on deposit;

(44) Nursery products. Produce or products growing in any nursery, and any shrub and any forest, ornamental or fruit trees while growing in a nursery;

(45) Property of units of Connecticut National Guard. The property of any unit of the Connecticut National Guard, while being used for military purposes, or for other public purposes;

(46) Watercraft owned by nonresident. Repealed;

(47) Carriages, wagons and bicycles. Carriages, wagons and bicycles, owned and used by any person but not held for sale or rent in the regular course of business;

(48) Airport improvements. Improvements on or to the landing area of a privately-owned airport, provided the owner shall grant free use of such landing area to the general public for the landing, taking off and taxiing of aircraft and such airport shall have been approved and licensed for use by the Commissioner of Transportation, if a majority of those qualified to vote as provided by section 7-6 in the town wherein such airport is located, voting at a town meeting or general or special election warned for the purpose, so determine. The question of granting such exemption shall be submitted to the voters if a petition containing the names of at least ten per cent of such voters has been presented to the town clerk, who shall determine the sufficiency of such petition;

(49) Nonprofit camps or recreational facilities for charitable purposes. Subject to the provisions of subdivision (7) of this section and section 12-88 , real property and its equipment owned by or held in trust for any charitable corporation exclusively used as a nonprofit camp or recreational facility for charitable purposes; provided at least seventy-five per cent of the beneficiaries of its strictly charitable purposes using such property and equipment in each taxable year were bona fide residents of the state at the time of such use. During the month preceding the assessment date of the town or towns where such camp or facilities are located, such charitable corporation shall submit to the assessors of such town or towns a statement under oath in respect to such residence of such beneficiaries using such facilities during the taxable year ending with the month in which such statement is rendered, and, if the number of such beneficiaries so resident in Connecticut did not equal or exceed such seventy-five per cent, such real property and equipment shall not be exempt during the next ensuing taxable year. This subdivision shall not affect the exemption of any such real property or equipment of any such charitable corporation incorporated under the laws of this state granted prior to May 26, 1961, where such property and equipment was actually in use for such recreational purposes prior to said date;

(50) Manufacturers' inventories. The monthly average quantity of goods of any manufacturing business, comprising raw materials, purchased parts and supplies acquired for consumption during the manufacture of or for incorporation in goods to be manufactured for sale in such business, goods in process of manufacture, and finished goods manufactured in and held for sale in such business, to the extent of forty per cent of their valuation for purposes of assessment in the year 1970, fifty per cent in the year 1971, sixty per cent in the year 1972, seventy per cent in the year 1973, eighty per cent in the year 1974, ninety per cent in the year 1975, and one hundred per cent in the year 1976 and each year thereafter. As used herein the term “manufacturing business” means a business the principal activity of which is the mechanical or chemical transformation of inorganic or organic substances into new products or the assembling of component parts of manufactured products;

(51) Water pollution control structures and equipment. (a) Structures and equipment acquired by purchase or lease after July 1, 1965, for the treatment of industrial waste before the discharge thereof into any waters of the state or into any sewerage system emptying into such waters, the primary purpose of which is the reduction, control or elimination of pollution of such waters, certified as approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. For the purpose of this subdivision “industrial waste” means any harmful thermal effect or any liquid, gaseous or solid substance or combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural resource;

(b) Any owner or lessee of such structures or equipment who wishes to claim the exemption provided under this subdivision for any assessment year shall, on or before the first day of November in such assessment year, file an application for such exemption with the assessor or board of assessors in the town in which such structures or equipment are located, in the form and manner said assessor or assessors shall prescribe, together with such certification by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, as required under subparagraph (a) of this subdivision. Failure to file such certification within the time limitation prescribed herein shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year. Such certification shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which initial certification is filed, provided if such structures and equipment are altered in any manner, such alteration shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until such certification, applicable with respect to the altered structures and equipment, is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially;

(c) In the event there is a change in the name of the owner or lessee of any structure or equipment for which an exemption is granted pursuant to this subdivision, the new owner or lessee of such structure or equipment shall be required to file a revised application with the assessor or board of assessors on or before the first day of November immediately following the end of the assessment year during which such change occurs, except that for the assessment year commencing October 1, 2005, a revised application may be filed when there has been a change in the name of the owner or lessee of such structure or equipment during any assessment year and the exemption under this subdivision continued to be granted for each assessment year following such change. If such structures or equipment have not been altered in any manner, such new owner or lessee shall be entitled to a continuation of the exemption under this subdivision and shall not be required to obtain or provide a certification of approval from the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(52) Structures and equipment for air pollution control. (a) Structures and equipment acquired by purchase or lease after July 1, 1967, for the primary purpose of reducing, controlling or eliminating air pollution, certified as approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. Said commissioner may certify to a portion of structures and equipment so acquired to the extent that such portion shall have as its primary purpose the reduction, control or elimination of air pollution;

(b) Any owner or lessee of such structures or equipment who wishes to claim the exemption provided under this subdivision for any assessment year shall, on or before the first day of November in such assessment year, file an application for such exemption with the assessor or board of assessors in the town in which such structures and equipment are located, in the form and manner said assessor or assessors shall prescribe together with such certification by the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, as required under subparagraph (a) of this subdivision. Failure to file such certification within the time limitation prescribed herein shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year. Such certification shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which initial certification is filed, provided if such structures and equipment are altered in any manner, such alteration shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until such certification, applicable with respect to the altered structures and equipment, is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially;

(c) In the event there is a change in the name of the owner or lessee of any structure or equipment for which an exemption is granted pursuant to this subdivision, the new owner or lessee of such structure or equipment shall be required to file a revised application with the assessor or board of assessors on or before the first day of November immediately following the end of the assessment year during which such change occurs, except that for the assessment year commencing October 1, 2005, a revised application may be filed when there has been a change in the name of the owner or lessee of such structure or equipment during any assessment year and the exemption under this subdivision continued to be granted for each assessment year following such change. If such structures or equipment have not been altered in any manner, such new owner or lessee shall be entitled to a continuation of the exemption under this subdivision and shall not be required to obtain or provide a certification of approval from the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection;

(53) Motor vehicle of member of armed forces. (a) One motor vehicle belonging to, leased to or held in trust for, any member of the United States armed forces, if such motor vehicle is garaged inside or outside the state;

(b) Any person claiming the exemption provided under this subdivision for any assessment year shall, not later than the thirty-first day of December next following the date on which property tax is due in such assessment year, file with the assessor or board of assessors, in the town in which such motor vehicle is registered, written application claiming such exemption on a form approved for such purpose by such assessor or board. Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, any person claiming the exemption under this subdivision for a leased motor vehicle shall be entitled to a refund of the tax paid with respect to such vehicle, whether such tax was paid by the lessee or by the lessor pursuant to the terms of the lease. Upon approving such person's exemption claim, the assessor shall certify the amount of refund to which the applicant is entitled and shall notify the tax collector of such amount. The tax collector shall refer such certification to the board of selectmen in a town or to the corresponding authority in any other municipality. Upon receipt of such certification, the selectmen or such other authority shall draw an order on the Treasurer in favor of such person for the amount of refund so certified. Failure to file such application as prescribed herein with respect to any assessment year shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year;

(54) Wholesale and retail business inventory. The monthly average quantity of goods of any wholesale and retail business to the extent of one-twelfth of their valuation for purposes of assessment in the year 1971, two-twelfths in the year 1972, three-twelfths in the year 1973, four-twelfths in the year 1974, five-twelfths in the year 1975, six-twelfths in the year 1976, seven-twelfths in the year 1977, eight-twelfths in the year 1978, nine-twelfths in the year 1979, ten-twelfths in the year 1980, eleven-twelfths in the year 1981 and one hundred per cent in the year 1982 and each year thereafter. As used in this subdivision, “wholesale and retail business” means a business the principal activity of which is making sales of tangible personal property with the object of gain, benefit or advantage, either direct or indirect;

(55) Property of totally disabled persons. Property to the amount of one thousand dollars belonging to, or held in trust for, any resident of this state who (1) is eligible, in accordance with applicable federal regulations, to receive permanent total disability benefits under Social Security, (2) has not been engaged in employment covered by Social Security and accordingly has not qualified for benefits thereunder but who has become qualified for permanent total disability benefits under any federal, state or local government retirement or disability plan, including the Railroad Retirement Act and any government-related teacher's retirement plan, determined by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management to contain requirements in respect to qualification for such permanent total disability benefits which are comparable to such requirements under Social Security, or (3) has attained age sixty-five or over and would be eligible in accordance with applicable federal regulations to receive permanent total disability benefits under Social Security or any such federal, state or local government retirement or disability plan as described in subparagraph (2) of this subdivision, except that such resident has attained age sixty-five or over and accordingly is no longer eligible to receive benefits under the disability benefit provisions of Social Security or such other plan because of payments received under retirement provisions thereof; or, lacking said amount of property in his own name, so much of the property belonging to, or held in trust for, his spouse, who is domiciled with him, as is necessary to equal said amount. Each assessor shall issue a certificate of correction with respect to the property of a person who would have been eligible, except for the provisions of section 40 of public act 03-6 of the June 30 special session**, to receive the exemption under this subdivision for the assessment year commencing October 1, 2003. Such certificate shall reduce the assessment of such eligible person's property by the amount of said exemption;

(56) Active solar energy heating or cooling systems. (a) Subject to authorization of the exemption by ordinance in any municipality, any building, the construction of which is commenced on or after October 1, 1976, which is equipped with an active solar energy heating or cooling system, or any building to which a solar energy heating or cooling system is added on or after October 1, 1976, to the extent of the amount by which the assessed valuation of such real property equipped with such solar heating or cooling system exceeds the assessed valuation of such real property equipped with the conventional portion of the heating or cooling system, exclusive of any portion of such system related to solar energy, provided this exemption shall only apply to the first fifteen assessment years following construction of such building or addition of any such system to a building;

(b) As used in this subdivision, “active solar energy heating or cooling system” means equipment which (1) provides for the collection, transfer, storage and use of incident solar energy for water heating, space heating or cooling which absent such solar energy system would require a conventional energy resource, such as petroleum products, natural gas or electricity, (2) employs mechanical means such as fans or pumps to transfer energy, and (3) meets standards established by regulation, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management;

(c) Any person claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision for any assessment year shall, on or before the first day of November in such assessment year, file with the assessor or board of assessors in the town in which such real property is located written application claiming such exemption. Failure to file such application in the manner and form as provided by such assessor or board within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year. Such application shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the initial application is filed, provided if such solar energy heating or cooling system is altered in a manner which would require a building permit, such alteration shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until a new application, applicable with respect to such altered system, is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially;

(57) Class I renewable energy sources, hydropower facilities, solar water or space heating systems, geothermal energy resources and solar thermal or geothermal renewable energy sources. (A)(i) Any Class I renewable energy source, as defined in section 16-1 , or hydropower facility described in subdivision (21) of subsection (a) of section 16-1 , installed for the generation of electricity where such electricity is intended for private residential use or on a farm, as defined in subsection (q) of section 1-1 , provided (I) such installation occurs on or after October 1, 2007, (II) the estimated annual production of such source or facility does not exceed the estimated annual load for the location where such source or facility is located, where such load and production are estimated as of the date of installation of the source or facility as indicated in the written application filed pursuant to subparagraph (E) of this subdivision, and (III) such installation is for a single family dwelling, a multifamily dwelling consisting of two to four units or a farm; (ii) any passive or active solar water or space heating system; or (iii) any geothermal energy resource. In the case of clause (i) of this subparagraph, the utilization of or participation in any net metering or tariff policy or program implemented by the state or ownership of such source or facility by a party other than the owner of the real property upon which such source or facility is installed shall not disqualify such source or facility from exemption pursuant to this section. In the case of clause (ii) or (iii) of this subparagraph, such exemption shall apply only to the amount by which the assessed valuation of the real property equipped with such system or resource exceeds the assessed valuation of such real property equipped with the conventional portion of the system or resource;

(B) For assessment years commencing on and after October 1, 2013, any Class I renewable energy source, as defined in section 16-1 , hydropower facility described in subdivision (21) of subsection (a) of section 16-1 , or solar thermal or geothermal renewable energy source, installed for generation or displacement of energy, provided (i) such installation occurs on or after January 1, 2010, (ii) such installation is for commercial or industrial purposes, (iii) the nameplate capacity of such source or facility does not exceed the load for the location where such generation or displacement is located, and (iv) such source or facility is located in a distressed municipality, as defined in section 32-9p , with a population between one hundred twenty-five thousand and one hundred thirty-five thousand;

(C) For assessment years commencing on and after October 1, 2013, any municipality may, upon approval by its legislative body or in any town in which the legislative body is a town meeting, by the board of selectmen, abate up to one hundred per cent of property tax for any Class I renewable energy source, as defined in section 16-1 , hydropower facility described in subdivision (21) of subsection (a) of section 16-1 , or solar thermal or geothermal renewable energy source, installed for generation or displacement of energy, provided (i) such installation occurs between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2013, (ii) such installation is for commercial or industrial purposes, (iii) the nameplate capacity of such source or facility does not exceed the load for the location where such generation or displacement is located, and (iv) such source or facility is not located in a municipality described in subparagraph (B) of this subdivision;

(D) For assessment years commencing on and after October 1, 2014, any (i) Class I renewable energy source, as defined in section 16-1 , other than a nuclear power generating facility, (ii) hydropower facility described in subdivision (21) of subsection (a) of section 16-1 , or (iii) solar thermal or geothermal renewable energy source, installed for generation or displacement of energy, provided (I) such installation occurs on or after January 1, 2014, (II) is for commercial or industrial purposes, (III) the nameplate capacity of such source or facility does not exceed the load for the location where such generation or displacement is located or the aggregated load of the beneficial accounts for any Class I renewable energy source participating in virtual net metering pursuant to section 16-244u , and (IV) in the case of clause (iii) of this subparagraph, such exemption shall apply only to the amount by which the assessed valuation of the real property equipped with such source exceeds the assessed valuation of such real property equipped with the conventional portion of the source;

(E) Any person claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision for any assessment year shall, on or before the first day of November in such assessment year, file with the assessor or board of assessors in the town in which such hydropower facility, Class I renewable energy source, solar thermal or geothermal renewable energy source or passive or active solar water or space heating system or geothermal energy resource is located, a written application claiming such exemption. Such application shall be made on a form prepared for such purpose by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management, in consultation with the Connecticut Association of Assessing Officers and the Connecticut Green Bank established pursuant to section 16-245n , and shall include, but not be limited to, a statement of the estimated annual load and production of a source or facility described in clause (i) of subparagraph (A) of this subdivision as of the date of the installation of such source or facility. Said secretary shall make such application available to the public on the Internet web site of the Office of Policy and Management. Failure to file such application in the manner and form as provided by the secretary within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year. Such application shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the initial application is filed, provided if such hydropower facility, Class I renewable energy source, solar thermal or geothermal renewable energy source or passive or active solar water or space heating system or geothermal energy resource is altered in a manner which would require a building permit, such alteration shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until a new application, applicable with respect to such altered source, is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially. In the event that a person owns more than one such source or facility in a municipality, such person may file a single application identifying each source or facility;

(F) For assessment years commencing on and after October 1, 2015, any municipality may, by vote of its legislative body or, in a municipality where the legislative body is a town meeting, by vote of the board of selectmen, abate up to one hundred per cent of the property taxes due for any tax year, for not longer than the term of the power purchase agreement, with respect to any Class I renewable energy source, as defined in section 16-1 , that is the subject of such power purchase agreement approved by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority pursuant to section 16a-3f ;

(58) Property leased to charitable, religious or nonprofit organization. Subject to authorization of the exemption by ordinance in any municipality, any real or personal property leased to a charitable, religious or nonprofit organization, exempt from taxation for federal income tax purposes, provided such property is used exclusively for the purposes of such charitable, religious or nonprofit organization and not otherwise exempt under this section;

(59) Manufacturing facility in distressed municipality, targeted investment community, enterprise zone or airport development zone. Designated manufacturing plant. Service facility. (a) With respect to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2012, any manufacturing facility, as defined in section 32-9p , acquired, constructed, substantially renovated or expanded on or after July 1, 1978, in a distressed municipality, as defined in said section, in a targeted investment community, as defined in section 32-222 , in an enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 or in an airport development zone established pursuant to section 32-75d and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the Department of Economic and Community Development, and any manufacturing plant designated by the Commissioner of Economic and Community Development under subsection (a) of section 32-75c as follows: To the extent of eighty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which the acquisition, construction, renovation or expansion of the manufacturing facility is completed, except that a manufacturing facility having a North American Industrial Classification Code of 325411 or 325412 and having at least one thousand full-time employees, as defined in subsection (f) of section 32-9j , shall be eligible to have the assessment period extended for five additional years upon approval of the commissioner, in accordance with all applicable regulations, provided such full-time employees have not been relocated from another facility in the state operated by the same eligible applicant;

(b) Any service facility, as defined in section 32-9p , acquired, constructed, substantially renovated or expanded on or after July 1, 1996, and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the Department of Economic and Community Development, as follows: (i) In the case of an investment of twenty million dollars or more but not more than thirty-nine million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of forty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which the acquisition, construction, renovation or expansion of the service facility is completed; (ii) in the case of an investment of more than thirty-nine million dollars but not more than fifty-nine million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of fifty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which the acquisition, construction, renovation or expansion of the service facility is completed; (iii) in the case of an investment of more than fifty-nine million dollars but not more than seventy-nine million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of sixty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which the acquisition, construction, renovation or expansion of the service facility is completed; (iv) in the case of an investment of more than seventy-nine million dollars but not more than ninety million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of seventy per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which the acquisition, construction, renovation or expansion of the service facility is completed; or (v) in the case of an investment of more than ninety million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of eighty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which the acquisition, construction, renovation or expansion of the service facility is completed, except that any financial institution, as defined in subsection (b) of section 32-236 , having at least four thousand qualified employees, as determined in accordance with an agreement pursuant to subsection (b) of section 32-236 , shall be eligible to have the assessment period extended for five additional years upon approval of the commissioner, in accordance with all applicable regulations, provided such full-time employees have not been relocated from another facility in the state operated by the same eligible applicant. In no event shall the definition of qualified employee be more favorable to the employer than the definition provided in subsection (b) of section 32-236 ;

(c) The completion date of a manufacturing facility, manufacturing plant or a service facility will be determined by the Department of Economic and Community Development taking into account the issuance of occupancy certificates and such other factors as it deems relevant. In the case of a manufacturing facility, manufacturing plant or a service facility which consists of a constructed, renovated or expanded portion of an existing plant, the assessed valuation of the facility or manufacturing plant is the difference between the assessed valuation of the plant prior to its being improved and the assessed valuation of the plant upon completion of the improvements. In the case of a manufacturing facility, manufacturing plant or a service facility which consists of an acquired portion of an existing plant, the assessed valuation of the facility or manufacturing plant is the assessed valuation of the portion acquired. This exemption shall be applicable during each such assessment year regardless of any change in the ownership or occupancy of the facility or manufacturing plant. If during any such assessment year, however, any facility for which an eligibility certificate has been issued ceases to qualify as a manufacturing facility, manufacturing plant or a service facility, the entitlement to the exemption allowed by this subdivision shall terminate for the assessment year following the date on which the qualification ceases, and there shall not be a pro rata application of the exemption. Any person who desires to claim the exemption provided in this subdivision shall file annually with the assessor or board of assessors in the distressed municipality, targeted investment community, enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 or in a town within an airport development zone established pursuant to section 32-75d in which the manufacturing facility or service facility is located, on or before the first day of November, a written application claiming such exemption on a form prescribed by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management. Failure to file such application in this manner and form within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year, unless (i) an extension of time is allowed pursuant to section 12-81k , and upon payment of the required fee for late filing, or (ii) the person claiming such exemption received a certificate of eligibility on or after October 1, 2009, and is located in a municipality in New Haven County with a population of not less than eighteen thousand five hundred and not more than nineteen thousand five hundred, as enumerated in the 2010 federal decennial census;

(60) Machinery and equipment in manufacturing facility in distressed municipality, targeted investment community, enterprise zone or airport development zone. Machinery and equipment in service facility. (a)(1) Machinery and equipment which represents an addition to the assessment or grand list of the municipality in which this exemption is claimed and is installed in any manufacturing facility, as defined in section 32-9p , which facility is or has been constructed, or substantially renovated or expanded on or after July 1, 1978, in a distressed municipality, targeted investment community, enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 or in an airport development zone established pursuant to section 32-75d and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the Department of Economic and Community Development, concurrently with and directly attributable to such construction, renovation or expansion, (2) machinery and equipment which represents an addition to the assessment or grand list of the municipality in which this exemption is claimed and is installed, or machinery and equipment existing, in any manufacturing facility, as defined in section 32-9p , which facility is or has been acquired on or after July 1, 1978, in a distressed municipality, targeted investment community, enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 or in an airport development zone established pursuant to section 32-75d and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the Department of Economic and Community Development, and (3) machinery and equipment acquired and installed on or after October 1, 1986, in a manufacturing facility that is or has at one time been certified as eligible for the exemption under this subparagraph in accordance with section 32-9r , and which continues to be used for manufacturing purposes, provided such machinery and equipment is installed in conjunction with an expansion program that satisfies the requirements for a manufacturing facility, as defined in section 32-9p , and is contiguous to and represents an increase in square feet of floor space of not less than fifty per cent of the floor space in the certified manufacturing facility, as follows: To the extent of eighty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years for which the manufacturing facility in which it is installed qualifies for an exemption under subdivision (59) of this section, except that a facility having a code classification 2833 or 2834 in the Standard Industrial Code Classification Manual, United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, wherein at least one thousand new full-time employees, as defined in subsection (f) of section 32-9j , are employed, shall be eligible to have the assessment period under this subdivision extended for five additional years upon approval of the commissioner, provided the commissioner approves an extension of the assessment period under subdivision (59) of this section for said facility;

(b) (1) Machinery and equipment which represents an addition to the assessment or grand list of the municipality in which this exemption is claimed and is installed in any service facility, as defined in section 32-9p , which facility is or has been constructed, or substantially renovated or expanded on or after July 1, 1996, and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the Department of Economic and Community Development, concurrently with and directly attributable to such construction, renovation or expansion, (2) machinery and equipment which represents an addition to the assessment or grand list of the municipality in which this exemption is claimed and is installed, or machinery and equipment existing, in any service facility, as defined in section 32-9p , which facility is or has been acquired on or after July 1, 1996, and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the department, and (3) machinery and equipment acquired and installed on or after July 1, 1996, in a service facility that is or has at one time been certified as eligible for the exemption under this subparagraph in accordance with section 32-9r and which continues to be used for service purposes, provided such machinery and equipment is installed in conjunction with an expansion program that satisfies the requirements for a service facility, as defined in section 32-9p , and is contiguous to and represents an increase in square feet of floor space of not less than fifty per cent of the floor space in the certified service facility, as follows: (i) In the case of an investment of twenty million dollars or more but not more than thirty-nine million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of forty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years for which the service facility in which it is installed qualifies for an exemption under subdivision (59) of this section; (ii) in the case of an investment of more than thirty-nine million dollars but not more than fifty-nine million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of fifty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years for which the service facility in which it is installed qualifies for an exemption under subdivision (59) of this section; (iii) in the case of an investment of more than fifty-nine million dollars but not more than seventy-nine million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of sixty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years for which the service facility in which it is installed qualifies for an exemption under subdivision (59) of this section; (iv) in the case of an investment of more than seventy-nine million dollars but not more than ninety million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of seventy per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years for which the service facility in which it is installed qualifies for an exemption under subdivision (59) of this section; or (v) in the case of an investment of more than ninety million dollars in the service facility, to the extent of eighty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years for which the service facility in which it is installed qualifies for an exemption under subdivision (59) of this section, except that any financial institution, as defined in section 32-236 , having at least four thousand qualified employees, as determined in accordance with an agreement pursuant to subsection (c) of section 32-236 , shall be eligible to have the assessment period extended for five additional years upon approval of the commissioner, in accordance with all applicable regulations, provided such full-time employees have not been relocated from another facility in the state operated by the same eligible applicant. In no event shall the definition of qualified employee be more favorable to the employer than the definition provided in section 32-236 ;

(c) This exemption shall terminate for the assessment year next following if the manufacturing facility or service facility in which such machinery and equipment is installed no longer qualifies for an exemption under said subdivision (59), and there shall not be a pro rata application of the exemption of such machinery and equipment in the assessment year of such termination. Any person who desires to claim the exemption provided in this subdivision shall file annually with the assessor or board of assessors in the distressed municipality, targeted investment community, enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 or a town in an airport development zone established pursuant to section 32-75d in which the manufacturing facility or service facility is located, on or before the first day of November, written application claiming such exemption on a form prescribed by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management. Failure to file such application in this manner and form within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year, unless an extension of time is allowed pursuant to section 12-81k , and upon payment of the required fee for late filing. This exemption shall not apply to rolling stock;

(61) Vessels used primarily for commercial fishing. Any vessel as defined in section 15-127 used primarily for purposes of commercial fishing, provided in the tax year of the owner ending immediately prior to any assessment date with respect to which application is submitted for the exemption provided in this subdivision not less than fifty per cent of the adjusted gross income of such owner, as determined for purposes of the federal income tax, is derived from commercial fishing subject to proof satisfactory to the assessor in the town in which such application is submitted;

(62) Passive solar energy heating or cooling systems and hybrid systems. (a) Subject to authorization of the exemption by ordinance in any municipality, any building, the construction of which is commenced on or after April 20, 1977, which is equipped with a passive or hybrid solar energy heating or cooling system, or any building to which such a system is added on or after April 20, 1977, to the extent of any amount by which the assessed valuation of such real property equipped with such a system exceeds the valuation at which such real property would be assessed if built using conventional construction techniques in lieu of construction related to such a system, as determined by the assessing officer of the municipality, provided this exemption shall only apply to the first fifteen assessment years following construction of such building or addition of any such system to a building. Any portion of a hybrid solar energy heating or cooling system which is allowed an exemption under subdivision (56) of this section shall not be eligible for exemption under this subdivision;

(b) As used in this subdivision, (A) “passive solar energy heating or cooling system” means a system which utilizes the structural elements of a building for the collection of incident solar energy and its storage and distribution for use in water heating or space heating or cooling, which building absent such system would require a conventional energy resource, such as petroleum products, natural gas or electricity, and which system meets standards established by regulation, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management, and (B) “hybrid system” means a solar energy heating or cooling system which consists of both active and passive elements and which meets the standards established for both;

(c) Any person claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision for any assessment year shall, on or before the first day of November in such assessment year, file with the assessor or board of assessors in the town in which such real property is located written application claiming such exemption. Failure to file such application in the manner and form as provided by such assessor or board within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year. Such application shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the initial application is filed, provided if such passive or hybrid solar energy heating or cooling system is altered in a manner which would require a building permit, such alteration shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until a new application, applicable with respect to such altered system, is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially;

(63) Cogeneration systems. (a) Subject to authorization of the exemption by ordinance in any municipality and to the provisions of subparagraph (b) of this subdivision, any cogeneration system installed on or after July 1, 2007. The ordinance shall establish the number of years that a system will be exempt from taxation, except that it may not provide for an exemption beyond the first fifteen assessment years following the installation of a system. The ordinance shall prohibit the exemption from applying to additions to resources recovery facilities operating on October 1, 1994, or to resources recovery facilities constructed on and after that date and may prohibit the exemption from applying to property acquired by eminent domain for the purpose of qualifying for the exemption;

(b) As used in this subdivision, “cogeneration system” means equipment which is designed, operated and installed as a system which produces, in the same process, electricity and exhaust steam, waste steam, heat or other resultant thermal energy which is used for space or water heating or cooling, industrial, commercial, manufacturing or other useful purposes and which meets standards established by regulation, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management;

(c) Any municipality which adopts an ordinance authorizing an exemption provided by this subdivision may enter into a written agreement with an applicant for the exemption, which may require the applicant to make payments to the municipality in lieu of taxes. The agreement may vary the amount of the payments in lieu of taxes in each assessment year of the agreement, provided the payment in any assessment year is not greater than the taxes which would otherwise be due in the absence of the exemption. Any agreement negotiated under this subdivision shall be submitted to the legislative body of the municipality for its approval or rejection;

(d) Any person claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision for any assessment year and whose application has been approved in accordance with subparagraph (c) of this subdivision shall, on or before the first day of November in such assessment year, file with the assessor or board of assessors in the town in which the system is located written application claiming the exemption. Failure to file the application in the manner and form as provided by such assessor or board within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to the exemption for such assessment year. Such application shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the initial application is filed, provided if such cogeneration system is altered in a manner which would require a building permit, such alteration shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until a new application, applicable with respect to such altered system, is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially;

(64) Vessels. In the assessment year commencing October 1, 1981, and each assessment year thereafter, any vessel as defined in section 15-127 ;

(65) Vanpool vehicles. Any vanpool vehicle as defined in section 14-1 ;

(66) Motor vehicles leased to state agencies. Motor vehicles leased to an agency of this state on or after June 4, 1982;

(67) Beach property belonging to or held in trust for cities. Except as otherwise provided by law, beach property belonging to, or held in trust for, a city within the territorial limits of, but not coterminous with, a town, which property is within the territorial limits of such city and is used for any public purposes of such city;

(68) Livestock. Any livestock owned and kept in this state, except that any horse or pony shall be exempt from local property tax up to the assessed value of one thousand dollars, with such exempt value applicable in the case of each such horse or pony, provided any horse or pony used in farming, in the manner required in section 12-91 , shall be totally exempt from local property tax as provided in said section 12-91 ;

(69) Property of Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Property belonging to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority or any of its subsidiaries, provided such property is used for the operation, maintenance, repair or improvement of the New Haven commuter railroad service or the facilities of such service;

(70) Machinery and equipment acquired as part of technological upgrading of manufacturing process. (A) New machinery and equipment used directly in the manufacturing of goods or products and acquired through purchase by any business organization or any affiliate of such business organization as part of a technological upgrading of the manufacturing process at a location in a distressed municipality, targeted investment community, as defined in section 32-222 , or enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 , and for which an eligibility certificate has been issued by the Department of Economic and Community Development, which business organization (i) is engaged in the manufacturing, processing or assembling of raw materials, parts or manufactured products, (ii) has been in continuous operation in the state for a period not less than five years prior to claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision, (iii) had gross receipts in an amount less than twenty million dollars in the year prior to claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision, including receipts of any affiliates of the business organization, and (iv) has incurred costs in acquiring such machinery and equipment not less than the greater of (I) two hundred thousand dollars, or (II) two hundred per cent of the business organization's and affiliate's average expenditure for the acquisition of machinery and equipment used directly in the manufacturing of goods or products at the location in the distressed municipality, targeted investment community or enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 during the three years prior to claiming the exemption provided in this subdivision, as follows: To the extent of fifty per cent of its valuation for purposes of assessment in each of the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which such machinery and equipment is acquired;

(B) Any person who desires to claim the exemption provided in this subdivision shall file annually with the assessor or board of assessors in the distressed municipality, targeted investment community or enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 in which the business organization is located, on or before the first day of November, written application claiming such exemption on a form prescribed by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management. Failure to file such application in this manner and form within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year, unless an extension of time is allowed pursuant to section 12-81k , and upon payment of the required fee for late filing. No person shall be eligible to receive the exemption provided in this subdivision if such exemption is sought for machinery and equipment located in a manufacturing facility, as defined in subsection (d) of section 32-9p , currently receiving assistance under subdivisions (59) and (60) of this section, and no person shall receive such exemption for eligible machinery or equipment at each location in a distressed municipality, targeted investment community or enterprise zone designated pursuant to section 32-70 more than once in any continuous five-year period;

(C) The state and the municipality and district shall hold a security interest, as defined in subdivision (35) of subsection (b) of section 42a-1-201 , in any machinery or equipment which is exempt from taxation pursuant to this subdivision, in an amount equal to the tax revenue reimbursed or lost, as the case may be, which shall be subordinate to any purchase money security interest, as defined in section 42a-9-103a . Such security interest shall be enforceable against the taxpayer for a period of five years after the last assessment year in which such exemption was received in any case in which the business organization ceases all business operations or moves its business operations entirely out of this state. Any assessor who has granted an exemption under this subdivision shall provide written notification to the secretary of the cessation of such operations or the move of such operations entirely out of this state. Such notification may be made at any time after the October first of the last assessment year in which such exemption is granted and before the September thirtieth that is five years after the conclusion of said assessment year. Upon receiving such notification and complying with the provisions of section 12-35a , the state shall have a lien upon the machinery or equipment situated in this state and owned by the person that ceased all business operations or moved such operations entirely out of this state. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 12-35a , the total amount of the reimbursement made by the state for the property tax exemptions granted to the person under the provisions of this subdivision, shall be deemed to be the amount of the tax which such person failed to pay. Notwithstanding said section 12-35a , the information required to be included in the notice of lien for said tax shall be as follows: (i) The owner of the property upon which the lien is claimed, (ii) the business address or residence address of such owner, (iii) the specific property claimed to be subject to such lien, (iv) the location of such property at the time it was last made tax-exempt pursuant to this subdivision, (v) the total amount of the reimbursement made by the state for the property tax exemptions granted to such owner under the provisions of this subdivision, and (vi) the tax period or periods for which such lien is claimed. If more than one agency of the state perfects such a notice of lien on the same day, the priority of such liens shall be determined by the time of day such liens were perfected, and if perfected at the same time, the lien for the highest amount shall have priority. In addition to the other remedies provided in this subdivision, the Attorney General, upon request of the secretary, may bring a civil action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover the amount of tax revenue reimbursed by the state from any person who received an exemption under this subdivision;

(71) Motor vehicles owned by American Indians. Any motor vehicle owned by a member of an indigenous Indian tribe or spouse and garaged on the reservation of the tribe;

(72) Machinery and equipment in manufacturing facilities, including biotechnology and recycling industries, assessed prior to October 1, 2011. (A) Effective for assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2002, but prior to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2011, new machinery and equipment, as defined in this subdivision, acquired after October 1, 1990, and prior to October 1, 2011, and newly-acquired machinery and equipment, as defined in this subdivision, acquired on or after July 1, 1992, and prior to October 1, 2011, by the person claiming exemption under this subdivision, provided this exemption shall only be applicable in the five full assessment years following the assessment year in which such machinery or equipment is acquired, subject to the provisions of subparagraph (B) of this subdivision. Machinery and equipment acquired on or after July 1, 1996, and prior to October 1, 2011, and used in connection with biotechnology shall qualify for the exemption under this subdivision. Machinery and equipment acquired on or after July 1, 2006, and used in connection with recycling shall qualify for the exemption under this subdivision. For the purposes of this subdivision: (i) “Machinery” and “equipment” means tangible personal property which is installed in a manufacturing facility and claimed on the owner's federal income tax return as either five-year property or seven-year property, as those terms are defined in Section 168(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, and the predominant use of which is for manufacturing, processing or fabricating; for research and development, including experimental or laboratory research and development, design or engineering directly related to manufacturing; for the significant servicing, overhauling or rebuilding of machinery and equipment for industrial use or the significant overhauling or rebuilding of other products on a factory basis; for measuring or testing or for metal finishing; or used in the production of motion pictures, video and sound recordings. “Machinery” means the basic machine itself, including all of its component parts and contrivances such as belts, pulleys, shafts, moving parts, operating structures and all equipment or devices used or required to control, regulate or operate the machinery, including, without limitation, computers and data processing equipment, together with all replacement and repair parts therefor, whether purchased separately or in conjunction with a complete machine, and regardless of whether the machine or component parts thereof are assembled by the taxpayer or another party. “Equipment” means any device separate from machinery but essential to a manufacturing, processing or fabricating process. (ii) “Manufacturing facility” means that portion of a plant, building or other real property improvement used for manufacturing, processing or fabricating, for research and development, including experimental or laboratory research and development, design or engineering directly related to manufacturing, for the significant servicing, overhauling or rebuilding of machinery and equipment for industrial use or the significant overhauling or rebuilding of other products on a factory basis, for measuring or testing or for metal finishing. (iii) “Manufacturing” means the activity of converting or conditioning tangible personal property by changing the form, composition, quality or character of the property for ultimate sale at retail or use in the manufacturing of a product to be ultimately sold at retail. Changing the quality of property shall include any substantial overhaul of the property that results in a significantly greater service life than such property would have had in the absence of such overhaul or with significantly greater functionality within the original service life of the property, beyond merely restoring the original functionality for the balance of the original service life. (iv) “Fabricating” means to make, build, create, produce or assemble components or tangible personal property work in a new or different manner, but does not include the presorting, sorting, coding, folding, stuffing or delivery of direct or indirect mail distribution services. (v) “Processing” means the physical application of the materials and labor in a manufacturing process necessary to modify or change the characteristics of tangible personal property. (vi) “Measuring or testing” includes both nondestructive and destructive measuring or testing, and the alignment and calibration of machinery, equipment and tools, in the furtherance of the manufacturing, processing or fabricating of tangible personal property. (vii) “Biotechnology” means the application of technologies, including recombinant DNA techniques, biochemistry, molecular and cellular biology, genetics and genetic engineering, biological cell fusion techniques, and new bioprocesses, using living organisms, or parts of organisms, to produce or modify products, to improve plants or animals, to develop microorganisms for specific uses, to identify targets for small molecule pharmaceutical development, or to transform biological systems into useful processes and products. (viii) “Recycling” means the processing of solid waste to reclaim material, as defined in section 22a-260 ;

(B) Any person who on October first in any year holds title to machinery and equipment for which such person desires to claim the exemption provided in this subdivision shall file with the assessor or board of assessors in the municipality in which the machinery or equipment is located, on or before the first day of November in such year, a list of such machinery or equipment together with written application claiming such exemption. Such application shall include the taxpayer identification number assigned to the claimant by the Commissioner of Revenue Services and the federal employer identification number assigned to the claimant by the Secretary of the Treasury. If title to such equipment is held by a person other than the person claiming the exemption, the claimant shall include on such person's application information as to the portion of the total acquisition cost incurred by such person, and on or before the first day of November in such year, the person holding title to such machinery and equipment shall file a list of such machinery with the assessor of the municipality in which the manufacturing facility of the claimant is located. Such person shall include on the list information as to the portion of the total acquisition cost incurred by such person. Commercial or financial information in any application or list filed under this section shall not be open for public inspection, provided such information is given in confidence and is not available to the public from any other source. The provisions of this subdivision regarding the filing of lists and information shall not supersede the requirements to file tax lists under sections 12-41 , 12-42 and 12-57a . In substantiation of such claim, the claimant and the person holding title to machinery and equipment for which exemption is claimed shall present to the assessor or board of assessors such supporting documentation as the assessor or board of assessors may require, including, but not limited to, invoices, bills of sale, contracts for lease and bills of lading and shall, upon request, present to the assessor or board of assessors a copy of each applicable federal income tax return and accompanying schedules. In lieu of submitting each applicable federal income tax return and accompanying schedules, a claimant and person holding title to machinery and equipment for which an exemption is claimed may, upon approval of the assessor or board of assessors, submit copies of applicable schedules accompanied by a sworn affidavit stating that such schedules were filed as part of such claimant's or person's federal income tax return. Failure to file such application in this manner and form within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year, unless an extension of time is allowed pursuant to section 12-81k . If title to exempt machinery is conveyed subsequent to October first in any assessment year, entitlement to such exemption shall terminate for the next assessment year and there shall be no pro rata application of the exemption unless such machinery or equipment continues to be leased by the manufacturer who claimed and was approved for the exemption in the previous assessment year. Machinery or equipment shall not be eligible for exemption upon transfer from a seller to a related business or from a lessor to a lessee except to the extent it would have been eligible for exemption by the seller or the lessor, as the case may be. For the purposes of this subdivision, “related business” means: (i) A corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or trust controlled by the taxpayer; (ii) an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or trust that is in control of the taxpayer; (iii) a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or trust controlled by an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or trust that is in control of the taxpayer; or (iv) a member of the same controlled group as the taxpayer. For purposes of this subdivision, “control”, with respect to a corporation, means ownership, directly or indirectly, of stock possessing fifty per cent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of the stock of such corporation entitled to vote. “Control”, with respect to a trust, means ownership, directly or indirectly, of fifty per cent or more of the beneficial interest in the principal or income of such trust. The ownership of stock in a corporation, of a capital or profits interest in a partnership or association or of a beneficial interest in a trust shall be determined in accordance with the rules for constructive ownership of stock provided in Section 267(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, other than paragraph (3) of said Section 267(c);

(C) Any person claiming the exemption provided under this subdivision for machinery or equipment shall not be eligible to claim the exemption provided under subdivision (60) of this section or subdivision (70) of this section for the same machinery or equipment. The state and the municipality and district shall hold a security interest, as defined in subdivision (35) of subsection (b) of section 42a-1-201 , in any machinery or equipment which is exempt from taxation pursuant to this subdivision, in an amount equal to the tax revenue reimbursed or lost, as the case may be, which shall be subordinate to any purchase money security interest, as defined in section 42a-9-103a . Such security interest shall be enforceable against the claimant for a period of five years after the last assessment year in which such exemption was received in any case in which such person ceases all manufacturing or biotechnology operations or moves such manufacturing or biotechnology operations entirely out of this state. Any assessor who has granted an exemption under this subdivision shall provide written notification to the secretary of the cessation of such operations or the move of such operations entirely out of this state. Such notification may be made at any time after the October first of the last assessment year in which such exemption is granted and before the September thirtieth that is five years after the conclusion of said assessment year. Upon receiving such notification and complying with the provisions of section 12-35a , the state shall have a lien upon the machinery or equipment situated in this state and owned by the person that ceased all business operations or moved such operations entirely out of this state. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 12-35a , the total amount of the reimbursement made by the state for the property tax exemptions granted to the person under the provisions of this subdivision, shall be deemed to be the amount of the tax which such person failed to pay. Notwithstanding said section 12-35a , the information required to be included in the notice of lien for such tax shall be as follows: (i) The owner of the property upon which the lien is claimed, (ii) the business address or residence address of such owner, (iii) the specific property claimed to be subject to such lien, (iv) the location of such property at the time it was last made tax-exempt pursuant to this subdivision, (v) the total amount of the reimbursement made by the state for the property tax exemptions granted to such owner under the provisions of this subdivision, and (vi) the tax period or periods for which such lien is claimed. If more than one agency of the state perfects such a notice of lien on the same day, the priority of such liens shall be determined by the time of day such liens were perfected, and if perfected at the same time, the lien for the highest amount shall have priority. In addition to the other remedies provided in this subdivision, the Attorney General, upon request of the secretary, may bring a civil action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover the amount of tax revenue reimbursed by the state from any person who received an exemption under this subdivision. The following shall not be eligible for the exemption provided under this subdivision: (I) A public service company, as defined in section 16-1 ; and (II) any provider, directly or indirectly, of electricity, oil, water or gas;

(D) A claim for property tax exemption under this subdivision may be denied by the assessor or board of assessors of a town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough, with the consent of the chief executive officer thereof, if the claimant is delinquent in a property tax payment to such town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough, pursuant to section 12-146 , for property owned by such claimant. Before any such claim is denied, the assessor or board of assessors shall send written notice to the claimant, stating that the claimant may pay the amount of such delinquent tax or enter into an agreement with such town, consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough for the payment thereof, by the date set forth in such notice, provided, such date shall not be less than thirty days after the date of such notice. Failure on the part of the claimant to pay the amount of the delinquent tax or enter into an agreement to pay the amount thereof by said date shall result in a disallowance of the exemption being claimed;

(73) Temporary devices or structures for seasonal production, storage or protection of plants or plant material. Temporary devices or structures used in the seasonal production, storage or protection of plants or plant material, including, but not limited to, hoop houses, poly houses, high tunnels, overwintering structures and shade houses;

(74) Certain vehicles used to transport freight for hire. (A)(i) For a period not to exceed five assessment years following the assessment year in which it is first registered, any new commercial truck, truck tractor, tractor and semitrailer, and vehicle used in combination therewith, which is used exclusively to transport freight for hire and: Is either subject to the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Transportation pursuant to Chapter 135 of Title 49, United States Code, or any successor thereto, or would otherwise be subject to said jurisdiction except for the fact that the vehicle is used exclusively in intrastate commerce; has a gross vehicle weight rating in excess of twenty-six thousand pounds; and prior to August 1, 1996, was not registered in this state or in any other jurisdiction but was registered in this state on or after said date. (ii) For a period not to exceed five assessment years following the assessment year in which it is first registered, any new commercial truck, truck tractor, tractor and semitrailer, and vehicle used in combination therewith, not eligible under subparagraph (A)(i) of this subdivision, that has a gross vehicle weight rating in excess of fifty-five thousand pounds and was not registered in this state or in any other jurisdiction but was registered in this state on or after August 1, 1999. As used in this subdivision, “gross vehicle weight rating” has the same meaning as provided in section 14-1 ;

(B) Any person who on October first in any year holds title to or is the registrant of a vehicle for which such person intends to claim the exemption provided in this subdivision shall file with the assessor or board of assessors in the municipality in which the vehicle is subject to property taxation, on or before the first day of November in such year, a written application claiming such exemption on a form prescribed by the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management. Such person shall include information as to the make, model, year and vehicle identification number of each such vehicle, and any appurtenances attached thereto, in such application. The person holding title to or the registrant of such vehicle for which exemption is claimed shall furnish the assessor or board of assessors with such supporting documentation as said secretary may require, including, but not limited to, evidence of vehicle use, acquisition cost and registration. Failure to file such application in this manner and form within the time limit prescribed shall constitute a waiver of the right to such exemption for such assessment year, unless an extension of time is allowed as provided in section 12-81k . Such application shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the initial application is filed, provided if the vehicle is modified, such modification shall be deemed a waiver of the right to such exemption until a new application is filed and the right to such exemption is established as required initially. With respect to any vehicle for which the exemption under this subdivision has previously been claimed in a town other than that in which the vehicle is registered on any assessment date, the person shall not be entitled to such exemption until a new application is filed and the right to such exemption is established in said town;

(C) With respect to any vehicle which is not registered on the first day of October in any assessment year and which is registered subsequent to said first day of October in such assessment year, the value of such vehicle for property tax exemption purposes shall be a pro rata portion of the value determined in accordance with subparagraph (D) of this subdivision, to be determined by a ratio, the numerator of which shall be the number of months from the date of such registration, including the month in which registration occurs, to the first day of October next succeeding and the denominator of which shall be twelve. For purposes of this subdivision, “assessment year” means the period of twelve full months commencing with October first each year;

(D) For assessment years commencing prior to October 1, 2024, notwithstanding the provisions of section 12-71d , the assessor or board of assessors shall determine the value for each vehicle with respect to which a claim for exemption under this subdivision is approved, based on the vehicle's cost of acquisition, including costs related to the modification of such vehicle, adjusted for depreciation;

(E) For assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2024, the assessor or board of assessors shall determine the value for each vehicle, with respect to which a claim for exemption under this subdivision is approved, pursuant to the provisions of section 12-71d ;

(75) Certain health care institutions. Any real or personal property which (1) is owned or leased by an entity considered to be a nonprofit organization for purposes of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Service of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, and (2) is the location of or located at an institution licensed by the state pursuant to chapter 368v and described in subsection (c) or (o) of section 19a-490 . This subdivision shall not affect (1) the taxability in assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2000, of any such property that was taxable on the net grand list, as adjusted by the board of assessment appeals, next preceding June 1, 2000, or (2) any time-limited written agreement in existence on June 1, 2000, with any municipality regarding the taxability of any such property;

(76) Machinery and equipment assessed commencing on or after October 1, 2011. Effective for assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2011, machinery and equipment, including machinery and equipment used in connection with biotechnology. For purposes of this subdivision, “machinery” and “equipment”, and “biotechnology” have the same meanings as provided in subdivision (72) of this section. Any person claiming the exemption provided under this subdivision shall, not later than November first, file a request with the assessor on a form prescribed by such assessor. Such person shall not be eligible to claim the exemption provided under subdivision (60) or (70) of this section for the same machinery and equipment;

(77) Real property of regional council of governments. Real property belonging to, or held in trust for, a regional council of governments established under sections 4-124i to 4-124p , inclusive, provided (A) such property is used to advance the official duties of such council, and (B) the exemption for such property is approved by the municipality in which such property is located;

(78) Machinery and equipment to color and mix paint. Machinery and equipment (A) used in the process of coloring or mixing paint, including, but not limited to, spectrographic color matching machines, automatic colorant dispensers, paint shakers, and computer equipment related to such machinery and equipment, and (B) used by retailers that offer paint for sale at retail in this state. Any person claiming the exemption provided under this subdivision shall, not later than November first, file a request with the assessor on a form prescribed by such assessor;

(79) Property of business organization. Tangible personal property with an original value of not more than two hundred fifty dollars that is owned by a business organization, provided this exemption shall not apply for the first ten full assessment years following the assessment year in which the property was acquired;

(80) Electric vehicle charging stations and refueling equipment. Level two electric vehicle charging stations, as defined in section 4b-77 , that are located on commercial or industrial properties, electric vehicle charging stations, as defined in section 16-19f , that are located on residential properties, and any refueling equipment for fuel cell electric vehicles, as defined in section 16-19eee ;

(81) Zero-emission school buses. Zero-emission school buses, as defined in 42 USC 16091(a)(8), as amended from time to time;

(82) Snowmobile, all-terrain vehicle or residential utility trailer. For assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2024, any snowmobile, all-terrain vehicle or residential utility trailer, provided such property is exclusively for personal use; and

(83) Property of servicemen with permanent and total disability rating. (A)(i) A dwelling, including a condominium, as defined in section 47-68a , and a unit in a common interest community, as defined in section 47-202 , that is (I) owned by any resident of this state who has served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force or Space Force of the United States and has a service-connected permanent and total disability rating as determined by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, and (II) occupied by such resident as the resident's primary residence, or (ii) lacking such residence, one motor vehicle owned by such resident and garaged in this state.

(B) If such resident lacks such dwelling or motor vehicle in such resident's name, the dwelling or motor vehicle, as applicable, belonging to or held in trust for such resident's spouse, who is domiciled with such resident, shall be so exempt. When any resident entitled to an exemption under the provisions of this subdivision has died, the dwelling or motor vehicle, as applicable, belonging to or held in trust for such deceased resident's surviving spouse, while such spouse remains a widow or widower, or held in trust for such deceased resident's minor children during their minority, or both, while they are residents of this state, shall be so exempt as that to which such resident was or would have been entitled at the time of such resident's death.

(C) No individual entitled to the exemption under this subdivision and under one or more of subdivisions (19), (22), (23), (25) and (26) of this section shall receive more than one exemption.

(D) (i) No individual shall receive any exemption to which such individual is entitled under this subdivision until such individual has complied with section 12-95 , and has submitted proof of such individual's disability rating, as determined by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, to the assessor of the town in which the exemption is sought. If there is no change to an individual's disability rating, such proof shall not be required for any assessment year following that for which the exemption under this subdivision is granted initially. If the United States Department of Veterans Affairs modifies an individual's disability rating to other than service-connected permanent and total disability, such modification shall be deemed a waiver of the right to the exemption under this subdivision. Any such individual whose disability rating was modified to other than service-connected permanent and total disability may seek the exemption under subdivision (20) of this section.

(ii) Any individual who has been unable to submit evidence of disability rating in the manner required by this subdivision, or who has failed to submit such evidence as provided in section 12-95 , may, when such individual obtains such evidence, make application to the tax collector not later than one year after such individual obtains such proof or not later than one year after the expiration of the time limited in section 12-95 , as the case may be, for abatement in case the tax has not been paid, or for refund in case the whole tax or part of the tax has been paid. Such abatement or refund may be granted retroactively to include the assessment day next succeeding the date as of which such individual was entitled to such disability rating as determined by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, but in no case shall any abatement or refund be made for a period greater than three years.

(iii) The tax collector shall, after examination of such application, refer the same, with the tax collector's recommendations thereon, to the board of selectmen of a town or to the corresponding authority of any other municipality, and shall certify to the amount of abatement or refund to which the applicant is entitled. Upon receipt of such application and certification, the selectmen or other duly constituted authority shall, in case the tax has not been paid, issue a certificate of abatement or, in case the whole tax or part of the tax has been paid, draw an order upon the treasurer in favor of such applicant for such amount, without interest. Any action so taken by such selectmen or other authority shall be a matter of record and the tax collector shall be notified in writing of such action.

*Note: On and after July 1, 2025, subdivision (33) of this section, as amended by section 68 of public act 23-167, is to read as follows:

“(33) Musical instruments and electronics. Musical instruments, radios, television sets, cellular mobile telephones, computers and mobile electronic devices, as defined in section 10-222aa, used by and belonging to any family;”

**Note: Section 40 of public act 03-6 of the June 30 special session is special in nature and therefore has not been codified but remains in full force and effect according to its terms.

See Secs. 12-43, 12-71 re nonresidents' personal property.

See Sec. 12-81ee re stipulated judgment with regard to imposition of property taxes.

See Secs. 12-87, 12-88 re clarification of certain exemptions.

See Sec. 12-90 re limitation of number of exemptions allowed.

See Sec. 12-91(a) re farm exemptions.

See Sec. 12-120b re uniform administrative review procedure for appeals related to state-reimbursed property tax exemptions, credits and rebates.

Buildings taxable against lessee though land exempt. 10 C. 490; 51 C. 259. Such lands taxable in case of sale. 30 C. 160. Lease for 999 years for all practical purposes a fee. 31 C. 407. Property conveyed prior to 1821 left under act of 1702; tax illegally assessed in part, illegal lien toto. 38 C. 274. Legislature may grant exemptions; 89 C. 399; 92 C. 107; but they are to be strictly construed. 85 C. 678. Abandonment as destroying right to exemption. 91 C. 595. An assessment of benefits is not a tax under statute. 96 C. 523. Power of legislature to repeal exemption statute. 108 C. 252. Subdivs. (18) to (23): Limited tax exemptions to veterans or their dependents, resident in this state, but who were not resident in this state at the time of enlistment or induction, are within meaning of statutes. 135 C. 210. Cited. Id., 231. Exemption from taxation is equivalent to appropriation of public funds. 147 C. 374. Cited. 168 C. 447; 175 C. 49; 179 C. 111.

Cited. 9 CA 448.

Subdiv. (1):

Property in plaintiff's plant, title to which had passed to the federal government under contracts of manufacture, was exempt under Subdiv. 156 C. 33.

Subdiv. (4):

Reservoir held by municipality for public use and necessary land for same exempt. 44 C. 361. Ferry owned by city but leased. 87 C. 231. Land used by one town for poor farm exempt, though located in another. 91 C. 589. All property of municipality held for public use is exempt though located in different towns; exemption not lost by incidental nonpublic users. 95 C. 548. Branch mains of municipal water system used to supply another community not exempt. 112 C. 515, see also 107 C. 521. Rule of strict construction against claimant for exemption does not apply with respect to property of municipal corporation. 133 C. 28. Phrase “used for a public purpose” interpreted. 148 C. 233. General municipal land tax exemption is subject to the exception of Sec. 12-76 for reservoirs maintained in another municipality. 161 C. 396. Cited. 168 C. 466; 170 C. 69. Property belonging to one town and located in another is not exempt from taxes under statute if inhabitants of town in which it is located and general public are not permitted its use. 183 C. 345. When inhabitants of a municipality in which a recreational facility exists are excluded, the facility is not “used for a public purpose” within meaning of tax exemption. 190 C. 627. Cited. 193 C. 342; 200 C. 697. “Used for a public purpose” discussed. 215 C. 68.

Subdiv. (5):

Property not exempt under Subdiv. until actually used by public for public purposes. 125 C. 129. Cited. 168 C. 466.

Subdiv. (7):

Act of 1859 not unconstitutional as to lands previously given to charitable uses. 31 C. 407. Word “used” applied to corpus of real estate; vacant lots, houses and factories of these institutions exempt unless within the proviso. 66 C. 482. Dormitories and dining halls of Yale University not taxable. 71 C. 316. “Buildings” of school held to include appurtenant lands used for playground. 87 C. 474, see also 85 C. 674. Private school not exempt. 88 C. 242; 105 C. 456; 108 C. 138; 117 C. 385. Property of educational institution not exempt if not so organized that future profit could not be distributed to members. 111 C. 204. This exemption distinguished from that under Sec. 12-347. 115 C. 133. History of exemption; Masonic property not exempt. 119 C. 53. What constitutes public educational or charitable purposes entitling to exemption; organization holding real property upon determinable fee can claim exemption. Id., 106. Boy Scout Council may obtain exemption if properly organized. 121 C. 466. Under doctrine of equitable conversion, college taking realty under will which directed sale of realty, not entitled to exemption from property tax until distribution. 123 C. 196. Exemptions allowed to private nonprofit schools whose property was sequestered for educational purposes. 131 C. 179; 134 C. 1. Compared with exemption under Unemployment Compensation Act. 131 C. 503. Hospital not receiving state aid not exempt by Subdiv. 133 C. 273. To qualify for exemption, not necessary for school to bear some portion of public burden of education. 134 C. 1. Houses used solely as living quarters for teachers not exempt. 138 C. 347. The statutory exemption from taxation of property of a corporation organized exclusively for education purposes extends to all of the property of the corporation the use of which is incidental to education, including campuses and playing fields; the test is whether the property is set aside for educational purposes and whether the corporation or any person can secure any profit from its operations. 144 C. 206. Nonprofit camp for underprivileged, socially maladjusted persons held to qualify as corporation organized for charitable purposes; property of local charitable corporations not to be denied tax exemption because beneficiaries of the charity are out-of-state residents. 147 C. 510. Faculty housing for school staff held not used exclusively for educational purposes. 160 C. 370. Cited. 168 C. 447; 169 C. 454; 170 C. 556; 172 C. 439. Requires not that corporation claiming exemption itself be an educational institution but only that it be organized exclusively for educational purposes including collegiate athletics; “used exclusively” does not entail requirement that activities be carried out continuously. 181 C. 343. Held that taxpayer is not organized exclusively for charitable purposes under section. 228 C. 375. Cited. 234 C. 169. Use of property as housing for the elderly precludes tax-exempt status as a charitable purpose because plaintiff authorized under bylaws to collect rents and property must be exclusively used for tax-exempt purpose to qualify for exemption. 262 C. 213. To qualify for tax exemption under Subdiv. and Sec. 12-88, real property used for charitable purposes must fulfill the five requirements stated in 270 C. 69; the provision of long-term health care and spiritual support to the elderly in a nonprofit, nondiscriminatory manner without regard to individual financial circumstances is a charitable purpose; broad interpretation is afforded to the meaning of “charitable”; to constitute a charitable organization, entity must be structured so that it is intended to function with the aid of at least some private charitable support and must in fact seek out and receive such support; excess revenue generated by a facility is not relevant to question of whether the facility is organized and exclusively used for a charitable purpose; that the state is not completely relieved of any obligation or may partially subsidize organization's activity is alone not sufficient to defeat a claim for tax exemption, and nonprofit skilled nursing facility's funding shortfall arising from Medicaid reimbursement levels together with risk that private and charitable payments and contributions will fail to overcome shortfall is sufficient to satisfy requirement that facility relieve a burden on society; accepting payment or charging a fee, without more, does not alter character of charitable or otherwise tax-exempt organization; exclusive use requirement must be strictly construed to require charitable organization seeking tax exemption to use its property in manner that its activities are entirely dedicated to serving its stated charitable purpose. 290 C. 695.

Cited. 2 CA 153. Corporation formed to aid injured, distressed and mistreated horses is a charitable organization that uses its property exclusively for charitable purposes and qualified for exemption because care and protection of such horses is a charitable purpose, organization aids horses regardless of their owners' ability to pay for services, no officer or employee receives a profit from operation of the organization and its president did not receive anything other than reasonable compensation for her services by giving riding lessons for her personal income, all money generated from horse boarding is used for charitable purposes and the majority of the organization's income was derived from donations, grants and fund raisers. 57 CA 41. Charitable organizations shall pay local property taxes unless property is used exclusively for scientific, educational, literary, historical or charitable purposes; the determination is governed by the specific facts in the individual case. 83 CA 124.

When exemption is lost for late filing. 4 CS 290. Cited. Id., 459. Property purchased for ultimate charitable use but not yet so devoted, not exempt. 6 CS 250. If college has no endowment and students pay for their education, no exemption. 8 CS 120. Institution, whose charter does not preclude the possibility of the net earnings accruing to individual members, not exempt. 12 CS 292. Cited. 13 CS 372; 14 CS 444; 17 CS 178. Subdiv. limited to Connecticut corporations; claim by Massachusetts corporation that this limitation is unconstitutional is not a claim under section. 32 CS 140. Monthly payment made by inmate or Department of Correction to halfway house is not rent, but is in furtherance of charitable purpose of providing inmates transition into society. 47 CS 520. Caretaker's services furthered nonprofit corporation's charitable and educational purposes so as to qualify for a tax exemption where corporation owned a seasonal camp with cottage and had a caretaker live there year-round rent free in exchange for his services. Id., 550. Under Subdiv., land preservation is a charitable use qualifying property for tax exemption as long as it is coupled with some minimal educational or other charitable activity on or near the property location. 50 CS 532.

Subpara. (B):

The term “temporary housing” in the Subpara. is ambiguous because it does not specify the length of the durational limitation imposed, but, in light of the legislative history, “temporary” does not have an inflexible or fixed durational limitation, instead the durational limitation will vary depending on the particular purpose of the charitable organization and the needs of the residents that fall within the enumerated categories. 340 C. 501.

Subdiv. (8):

Cited. 169 C. 454.

Date of exemption period fixed not at date of gift but at date it is “invested and held for the use of” the donee. 4 CS 415. Quonset huts devoted to the housing of married veterans enrolled in Yale not taxable. 17 CS 166. Subdiv. limited to named institutions; claim by Massachusetts educational corporation that this limitation is unconstitutional is not a claim under section. 32 CS 140.

Subdiv. (10):

Property of joint-stock agricultural societies is within the exemption. 88 C. 628.

Subdiv. (12):

Grant to ecclesiastical society expressly, without condition, is not within statute as a grant for religious or charitable purposes. 21 C. 481. Word “use” means income. 59 C. 166; 66 C. 482. Unitarian retreat held not exempt under Subdiv. 125 C. 52.

Cited. 39 CS 142.

Subdiv. (13):

Statute of 1702 exempting lands given for the ministry for public or charitable uses not a contract; but, if otherwise, a lease for 999 years without reserving rent is a violation of the contract. 36 C. 116. Building earnings money applicable to secular uses not exempt as a church. 54 C. 153. Cited. 138 C. 350. History of tax exemption for church property in state discussed. 147 C. 374. To qualify as house of religious worship for tax exemption, buildings must maintain “essential characteristics of churches” as defined in 119 C. 53; trial court improperly denied tax exemption for nonprofit skilled nursing facility's chapel where facility's organizational structure and purpose as revealed in its corporate charter, bylaws and mission statement qualified facility as religious organization organized for charitable purpose of providing long-term health care to the elderly. 290 C. 695.

Occasional meetings at a caretaker's cottage, which had a library and was used for gatherings, study and education, at the caretakers' convenience, does not make a home a house of religious worship. 100 CA 262.

Subdiv. (14):

Lands given for use of the ministry taxable against lessee for 999 years where lease stipulated he should pay the taxes assessed. 14 C. 228. Land of camp meeting association conveyed by lease forfeitable may be taxed against lessee. 54 C. 153. Property of ecclesiastical society must be exclusively used for its purposes to be exempt. 61 C. 228; 66 C. 368, 476. Unitarian retreat held not exempt under Subdiv. 125 C. 52. Does not, by inference, exclude tax exemption for nonprofit camp without religious purposes under Subdiv. (7). 147 C. 510.

Subdiv. (16):

Buildings used for rest-house, at which board is paid, held not exempt. 90 C. 504. History of statute; hospital not receiving support from state may not obtain exemption under Subdiv. 133 C. 273. Burden is on party claiming exemption to file report to establish its right. 158 C. 138. Hospital properties owned or in trust used for hospital purposes are tax-exempt. 160 C. 370.

Subdiv. (20):

Statute is valid although veterans not resident of state at time of enlistment or induction; grant of limited exemption held valid. 135 C. 210.

History discussed; loss of a leg or arm or the equivalent of such a loss entitles a serviceman to the maximum exemption regardless of what disability rating he may have been given by the Veterans Administration. 24 CS 147.

Subdiv. (32):

Library and books of a private law firm held exempt from municipal taxation under section. 31 CS 359.

Subdiv. (39):

One who grows hay on shares held to be producer of farm crops. 79 C. 295. Definition of “farm” is specific to statute and not expressive of general legislative intent. 160 C. 71.

Prior to the enactment of Subdiv. (44), nursery stock was not exempt from taxation under this Subdiv. 6 CS 249.

Subdiv. (44):

Definition of “nursery” is specific to statute and not expressive of general legislative intent. 160 C. 71.

History of enactment. 6 CS 249.

Subdiv. (54):

Rental equipment in stock qualifies for exemption. 212 C. 167.

Subdiv. (72):

Trial court properly determined that plaintiff business organization did not qualify for tax exemption because ownership transfer was to a business organization that was related to and affiliated with seller; court looked to common meaning of “affiliate”, “control” and “related”; subsequent amendment added definitions for “related business” and “control”. 268 C. 222.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-166 — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 204 / Section 12-166
Sec. 12-166. Powers and duties of collector.
Status: in_force

Municipality entitled to include collection agency's fees when seeking to collect delinquent taxes, without having to establish relationship between amount of such fees and specific services that agency performed regarding the delinquent taxpayer or taxes. 272 C. 489.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-218 — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 208 / Section 12-218
Sec. 12-218. Apportionment of net income.
Status: in_force

(b) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, on and after January 1, 2016, the net income of the taxpayer shall be apportioned within and without the state by means of an apportionment fraction. The apportionment fraction shall represent the part of the taxpayer's gross receipts from sales or other sources during the income year, computed according to the method of accounting used in the computation of its entire net income, which is assignable to the state, and excluding any gross receipts attributable to an international banking facility as defined in section 12-217 . For the purposes of this subsection:

(1) Gross receipts from sales of tangible personal property are assignable to this state if the property is delivered or shipped to a purchaser within this state, other than a company which qualifies as a Domestic International Sales Corporation (DISC) as defined in Section 992 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, and as to which a valid election under Subsection (b) of said Section 992 to be treated as a DISC is effective, regardless of the F.O.B. point or other conditions of the sale.

(2) Gross receipts from services are assignable to this state if the market for services is in this state. The taxpayer's market for the services is in this state if and to the extent the service is used at a location in this state.

(3) Gross receipts from the rental, lease or license of real or tangible personal property are assignable to this state to the extent such property is situated within the state.

(4) Gross receipts from the rental, lease or license of intangible property are assignable to this state if and to the extent the property is used in this state. Intangible property utilized in marketing a good or service to a consumer is used in this state if that good or service is purchased by a consumer in this state.

(5) Gross receipts from interest managed or controlled within the state are assignable to this state.

(6) Gross receipts from the sale or other disposition of real property, tangible personal property or intangible property are excluded from the calculation of the apportionment fraction if such property is not held by the taxpayer primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the taxpayer's trade or business.

(7) Gross receipts, other than those receipts described in subdivisions (1) to (6), inclusive, of this subsection, are assignable to this state to the extent the taxpayer's market for the sales is in this state.

(8) If a taxpayer concludes that it cannot reasonably determine the assignment of its receipts in accordance with subdivisions (1) to (7), inclusive, of this subsection, such taxpayer may petition the commissioner for approval to use a methodology that reasonably approximates the assignment of such receipts provided for in this subsection. Any such petition shall be submitted not later than sixty days prior to the due date of the return for the first income year to which the petition applies, determined with regard to any extension of time for filing such return. The commissioner shall grant or deny such petition before such due date.

(c) Any motor bus company which is taxable both within and without this state shall apportion its net income derived from carrying of passengers for hire by means of an apportionment fraction, the numerator of which shall represent the total number of miles operated within this state and the denominator of which shall represent the total number of miles operated everywhere, but income derived by motor bus companies from sources other than the carrying of passengers for hire shall be apportioned as herein otherwise provided.

(d) Any motor carrier which transports property for hire and which is taxable both within and without this state shall apportion its net income derived from carrying of property for hire by means of an apportionment fraction, the numerator of which shall represent the total number of miles operated within this state and the denominator of which shall represent the total number of miles operated everywhere, but income derived by motor carriers from sources other than the carrying of property for hire shall be apportioned as herein otherwise provided.

(e) (1) Each taxpayer that provides management, distribution or administrative services, as defined in this subsection, to or on behalf of a regulated investment company, as defined in Section 851 of the Internal Revenue Code shall apportion its net income derived, directly or indirectly, from providing management, distribution or administrative services to or on behalf of a regulated investment company, including net income received directly or indirectly from trustees, and sponsors or participants of employee benefit plans which have accounts in a regulated investment company, in the manner provided in this subsection. Income derived by such taxpayer from sources other than the providing of management, distribution or administrative services to or on behalf of a regulated investment company shall be apportioned as provided in this chapter.

(2) The numerator of the apportionment fraction shall consist of the sum of the Connecticut receipts, as described in subdivision (3) of this subsection. The denominator of the apportionment fraction shall consist of the total receipts from the sale of management, distribution or administrative services to or on behalf of all the regulated investment companies. For purposes of this subsection, “receipts” means receipts computed according to the method of accounting used by the taxpayer in the computation of net income.

(3) For purposes of this subsection, Connecticut receipts shall be determined by multiplying receipts from the rendering of management, distribution or administrative services to or on behalf of each separate regulated investment company by a fraction (A) the numerator of which shall be the average of (i) the number of shares on the first day of such regulated investment company's taxable year, for federal income tax purposes, which ends within or at the same time as the taxable year of the taxpayer, that are owned by shareholders of such regulated investment company then domiciled in this state and (ii) the number of shares on the last day of such regulated investment company's taxable year, for federal income tax purposes, which ends within or at the same time as the taxable year of the taxpayer, that are owned by shareholders of such regulated investment company then domiciled in this state; and (B) the denominator of which shall be the average of the number of shares that are owned by shareholders of such regulated investment company on such dates.

(4) (A) For purposes of this subsection, “management services” includes, but is not limited to, the rendering of investment advice directly or indirectly to a regulated investment company, making determinations as to when sales and purchases of securities are to be made on behalf of the regulated investment company, or the selling or purchasing of securities constituting assets of a regulated investment company, and related activities, but only where such activity or activities are performed (i) pursuant to a contract with the regulated investment company entered into pursuant to 15 USC 80a-15(a), as from time to time amended, (ii) for a person that has entered into such contract with the regulated investment company, or (iii) for a person that is affiliated with a person that has entered into such contract with a regulated investment company.

(B) For purposes of this subsection, “distribution services” includes, but is not limited to, the services of advertising, servicing, marketing or selling shares of a regulated investment company, but, in the case of advertising, servicing or marketing shares, only where such service is performed by a person that is, or, in the case of a closed end company, was, either engaged in the service of selling such shares or affiliated with a person that is engaged in the service of selling such shares. In the case of an open end company, such service of selling shares shall be performed pursuant to a contract entered into pursuant to 15 USC 80a-15(b), as from time to time amended.

(C) For purposes of this subsection, “administrative services” includes, but is not limited to, clerical, fund or shareholder accounting, participant record keeping, transfer agency, bookkeeping, data processing, custodial, internal auditing, legal and tax services performed for a regulated investment company but only if the provider of such service or services during the income year in which such service or services are provided also provides, or is affiliated with a person that provides, management or distribution services to such regulated investment company.

(D) For purposes of this subsection, a person is “affiliated” with another person if each person is a member of the same affiliated group, as defined under Section 1504 of the Internal Revenue Code without regard to subsection (b) of said section.

(E) For purposes of this subsection, the domicile of a shareholder shall be presumed to be such shareholder's mailing address as shown in the records of the regulated investment company except that for purposes of this subsection, if the shareholder of record is an insurance company which holds the shares of the regulated investment company as depositor for the benefit of a separate account, then the taxpayer may elect to treat as the shareholders the contract owners or policyholders of the contracts or policies supported by such separate account. An election made under this subparagraph shall apply to all shareholders that are insurance companies and shall be irrevocable for, and applicable for, five successive income years. In any year that such an election is applicable, it shall be presumed that the domicile of a shareholder is the mailing address of the contract owner or policyholder as shown in the records of the insurance company.

(f) (1) Each taxpayer that provides securities brokerage services, as defined in this subsection, shall apportion its net income derived, directly or indirectly, from rendering securities brokerage services in the manner provided in this subsection. Income derived by such taxpayer from sources other than the rendering of securities brokerage services shall be apportioned as provided in this chapter.

(2) The numerator of the apportionment fraction shall consist of the brokerage commissions and total margin interest paid on behalf of brokerage accounts owned by the taxpayer's customers who are domiciled in this state during such taxpayer's income year, computed according to the method of accounting used in the computation of net income. The denominator of the apportionment fraction shall consist of brokerage commissions and total margin interest paid on behalf of brokerage accounts owned by all of the taxpayer's customers, wherever domiciled, during such taxpayer's income year, computed according to the method of accounting used in the computation of net income.

(3) For purposes of this subsection:

(A) “Security brokerage services” means services and activities including all aspects of the purchasing and selling of securities rendered by a broker, as defined in 15 USC 78c(a)(4) and registered under the provisions of 15 USC 78a to 78kk, inclusive, as from time to time amended, to effectuate transactions in securities for the account of others, and a dealer, as defined in 15 USC 78c(a)(5) and registered under the provisions of 15 USC 78a to 78kk, inclusive, as from time to time amended, to buy and sell securities, through a broker or otherwise. Security brokerage services shall not include services rendered by any person buying or selling securities for such person's own account, either individually or in some fiduciary capacity, but not as part of a regular business carried on by such person.

(B) “Securities” means security, as defined in 15 USC 78c(a)(10), as from time to time amended.

(C) “Brokerage commission” means all compensation received for effecting purchases and sales for the account or on order of others, whether in a principal or agency transaction, and whether charged explicitly or implicitly as a fee, commission, spread, markup or otherwise.

(4) For purposes of this subsection, the domicile of a customer shall be presumed to be such customer's mailing address as shown in the records of the taxpayer.

(g) (1) Any company that is (A) a limited partner in a partnership, other than an investment partnership, that does business, owns or leases property or maintains an office within this state and (B) not otherwise carrying on or doing business in this state shall pay the tax imposed under section 12-214 solely on its distributive share as a partner of the income or loss of such partnership to the extent such income or loss is derived from or connected with sources within this state, except that, if the commissioner determines that the company and the partnership are, in substance, parts of a unitary business engaged in a single business enterprise or if the company is a member of a combined group that files a combined unitary tax return, the company shall be taxed in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (3) of this subsection and not in accordance with the provisions of this subdivision, provided, in lieu of the payment of tax based solely on its distributive share, such company may elect for any particular income year, on or before the due date or, if applicable the extended due date, of its corporation business tax return for such income year, to apportion its net income within and without the state under the provisions of this chapter.

(2) Any company that is (A) a limited partner (i) in an investment partnership or (ii) in a limited partnership, other than an investment partnership, that does business, owns or leases property or maintains an office within this state and (B) otherwise carrying on or doing business in this state shall apportion its net income, including its distributive share as a partner of such partnership income or loss, within and without the state under the provisions of this chapter, except that the numerator and the denominator of its apportionment fraction shall include its proportionate part, as a partner, of the numerator and the denominator of such partnership's apportionment fraction. For purposes of this section, such partnership shall compute its apportionment fraction and the numerator and the denominator of its apportionment fraction as if it were a company taxable both within and without this state.

(3) Any company that is a general partner in a partnership that does business, owns or leases property or maintains an office within this state shall, whether or not it is otherwise carrying on or doing business in this state, apportion its net income, including its distributive share as a partner of such partnership income or loss, within and without the state under the provisions of this chapter, except that the numerator and the denominator of its apportionment fraction shall include its proportionate part, as a partner, of the numerator and the denominator of such partnership's apportionment fraction. For purposes of this section, such partnership shall compute its apportionment fraction and the numerator and the denominator of its apportionment fraction as if it were a company taxable both within and without this state.

(h) The provisions of this section shall not apply to insurance companies.

(i) (1) Any financial service company as defined in section 12-218b , that has net income derived from credit card activities, as defined in this subsection, shall apportion its net income derived from credit card activities in the manner provided in this subsection. Income derived by such taxpayer from sources other than credit card activities shall be apportioned as provided in this chapter.

(2) The numerator of the apportionment fraction shall consist of the Connecticut receipts, as described in subdivision (3) of this subsection. The denominator of the apportionment fraction shall consist of (A) the total amount of interest and fees or penalties in the nature of interest from credit card receivables, (B) receipts from fees charged to card holders, including, but not limited to, annual fees, irrespective of the billing address of the card holder, (C) net gains from the sale of credit card receivables, irrespective of the billing address of the card holder, and (D) all credit card issuer's reimbursement fees, irrespective of the billing address of the card holder.

(3) For purposes of this subsection, “Connecticut receipts” shall be determined by adding (A) interest and fees or penalties in the nature of interest from credit card receivables and receipts from fees charged to card holders, including, but not limited to, annual fees, where the billing address of the card holder is in this state and (B) the product of (i) the sum of net gains from the sale of credit card receivables and all credit card issuer's reimbursement fees multiplied by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which shall be interest and fees or penalties in the nature of interest from credit card receivables and receipts from fees charged to card holders, including, but not limited to, annual fees, where the billing address of the card holder is in this state, and the denominator of which shall be the total amount of interest and fees or penalties in the nature of interest from credit card receivables and receipts from fees charged to card holders, including, but not limited to, annual fees, irrespective of the billing address of the card holder.

(4) For purposes of this subsection:

(A) “Credit card” means a credit, travel, or entertainment card;

(B) “Receipts” means receipts computed according to the method of accounting used by the taxpayer in the computation of net income;

(C) “Credit card issuer's reimbursement fee” means the fee that a taxpayer receives from a merchant's bank because one of the persons to whom the taxpayer or a related person, as defined in section 12-218b , has issued a credit card has charged merchandise or services to the credit card;

(D) “Net income derived from credit card activities” means (i) interest and fees or penalties in the nature of interest from credit card receivables and receipts from fees charged to card holders, including, but not limited to, annual fees, net gains from the sale of credit card receivables, credit card issuer's reimbursement fees, and credit card receivables servicing fees received in connection with credit cards issued by the taxpayer or a related person, as defined in section 12-218b , less (ii) expenses related to such income, to the extent deductible under this chapter;

(E) “Billing address” shall be presumed to be the location indicated in the books and records of the taxpayer as the address where any notice, statement or bill relating to a card holder is to be mailed, as of the date of such mailing; and

(F) “Credit card activities” means those activities involving the underwriting and approval of credit card relationships or other business activities generally associated with the conduct of business by an issuer of credit cards from which it derives income.

(5) The Commissioner of Revenue Services may adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, to permit a financial service company that is an owner of a financial asset securitization investment trust, as defined in Section 860H(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, to elect to apportion its share of the net income from credit card activities carried on by such trust, and to provide rules for apportioning such share of net income that are consistent with this subsection.

(j) (1) For income years commencing on or after January 1, 2001, the net income of a taxpayer which is primarily engaged in activities that, in accordance with the North American Industrial Classification System, United States Manual, United States Office of Management and Budget, 1997 edition, would be included in Sector 31, 32 or 33, shall be apportioned within and without the state by means of the apportionment fraction described in subdivision (2) of this subsection provided, in the income year commencing on January 1, 2001, each such taxpayer shall not take such apportionment fraction into account for purposes of installment payments on estimated tax under section 12-242d for calendar quarters ending prior to July 1, 2001, but shall make such payments in accordance with the apportionment fraction applicable to the income year commencing January 1, 2000.

(2) The apportionment fraction of a taxpayer described in subdivision (1) of this subsection shall be the apportionment fraction calculated under subsection (b) of this section.

(3) (A) Any taxpayer which is described in subdivision (1) of this subsection and seventy-five per cent or more of whose total gross receipts, as described in subsection (b) of this section, during the income year are from the sale of tangible personal property directly, or in the case of a subcontractor, indirectly, to the United States government may elect, on or before the due date or, if applicable, the extended due date, of its corporation business tax return for the income year, to apportion its net income within and without the state by means of the apportionment fraction described in subparagraph (B) of this subdivision. The election, if made by the taxpayer, shall be irrevocable for, and applicable for, five successive income years.

(B) The net income of the taxpayer making an election under subdivision (3) of subparagraph (A) of this subsection shall be apportioned within and without the state by means of an apportionment fraction, to be computed as the sum of the property factor, the payroll factor and twice the receipts factor, divided by four. (i) The first of these fractions, the property factor, shall represent that part of the average monthly net book value of the total tangible property held and owned by the taxpayer during the income year which is held within the state, without deduction on account of any encumbrance thereon, and the value of tangible property rented to the taxpayer computed by multiplying the gross rents payable during the income year or period by eight. For the purpose of this section, gross rents shall be the actual sum of money or other consideration payable, directly or indirectly, by the taxpayer or for its benefit for the use or possession of the property, excluding royalties, but including interest, taxes, insurance, repairs or any other amount required to be paid by the terms of a lease or other arrangement and a proportionate part of the cost of any improvement to the real property made by or on behalf of the taxpayer which reverts to the owner or lessor upon termination of a lease or other arrangement, based on the unexpired term of the lease commencing with the date the improvement is completed, provided, where a building is erected on leased land by or on behalf of the taxpayer, the value of the land is determined by multiplying the gross rent by eight, and the value of the building is determined in the same manner as if owned by the taxpayer. (ii) The second fraction, the payroll factor, shall represent the part of the total wages, salaries and other compensation to employees paid by the taxpayer during the income year which was paid in this state, excluding any such wages, salaries or other compensation attributable to the production of gross income of an international banking facility as defined in section 12-217 . Compensation is paid in this state if (I) the individual's service is performed entirely within the state; or (II) the individual's service is performed both within and without the state, but the service performed without the state is incidental to the individual's service within the state; or (III) some of the service is performed in the state and the base of operations or, if there is no base of operations, the place from which the service is directed or controlled is in the state, or the base of operations or the place from which the service is directed or controlled is not in any state in which some part of the service is performed, but the individual's residence is in this state. (iii) The third fraction, the receipts factor, shall represent the part of the taxpayer's gross receipts from sales or other sources during the income year, computed according to the method of accounting used in the computation of its entire net income, which is assignable to the state, and excluding any gross receipts attributable to an international banking facility as defined in section 12-217 but including receipts from sales of tangible property if the property is delivered or shipped to a purchaser within this state, other than a company which qualifies as a Domestic International Sales Corporation (DISC) as defined in Section 992 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, and as to which a valid election under Subsection (b) of said Section 992 to be treated as a DISC is effective, regardless of the F.O.B. point or other conditions of the sale, receipts from services performed within the state, rentals and royalties from properties situated within the state, royalties from the use of patents or copyrights within the state, interest managed or controlled within the state, net gains from the sale or other disposition of intangible assets managed or controlled within the state, net gains from the sale or other disposition of tangible assets situated within the state and all other receipts earned within the state.

(k) (1) For income years commencing on or after October 1, 2001, any broadcaster which is taxable both within and without this state shall apportion its net income derived from the broadcast of video or audio programming, whether through the public airwaves, by cable, by direct or indirect satellite transmission or by any other means of communication, through an over-the-air television or radio network, through a television or radio station or through a cable network or cable television system and, if such broadcaster is a cable network, all net income derived from activities related to or arising out of the foregoing, including, but not limited to, broadcasting, entertainment, publishing, whether electronically or in print, electronic commerce and licensing of intellectual property created in the pursuit of such activities, by means of the apportionment fraction described in subdivision (3) of this subsection, and any eligible production entity which is taxable both within and without this state shall apportion its net income derived from video or audio programming production services by means of the apportionment fraction described in subdivision (4) of this subsection.

(2) For purposes of this subsection:

(A) “Video or audio programming” means any and all performances, events or productions, including without limitation news, sporting events, plays, stories and other entertainment, literary, commercial, educational or artistic works, telecast or otherwise made available for video or audio exhibition through live transmission or through the use of video tape, disc or any other type of format or medium;

(B) A “subscriber” to a cable television system is an individual residence or other outlet which is the ultimate recipient of the transmission;

(C) “Telecast” or “broadcast” means the transmission of video or audio programming by an electronic or other signal conducted by radiowaves or microwaves, by wires, lines, coaxial cables, wave guides or fiber optics, by satellite transmissions directly or indirectly to viewers or listeners or by any other means of communication;

(D) “Eligible production entity” means a corporation which provides video or audio programming production services and which is affiliated, within the meaning of Sections 1501 to 1504 of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder, with a broadcaster;

(E) “Release” or “in release” means the placing of video or audio programming into service. A video or audio program is placed into service when it is first broadcast to the primary audience for which the program was created. For example, video programming is placed in service when it is first publicly telecast for entertainment, educational, commercial, artistic or other purpose. Each episode of a television or radio series is placed in service when it is first broadcast; and

(F) “Broadcaster” means a corporation that is engaged in the business of broadcasting video or audio programming, whether through the public airwaves, by cable, by direct or indirect satellite transmission or by any other means of communication, through an over-the-air television or radio network, through a television or radio station or through a cable network or cable television system, and that is primarily engaged in activities that, in accordance with the North American Industry Classification System, United States Manual, 1997 edition, are included in industry group 5131 or 5132.

(3) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this subdivision with respect to the determination of the apportionment fraction for net income derived from the activities referred to in subdivision (1) of subsection (k) of this section, the numerator of the apportionment fraction for a broadcaster shall consist of the broadcaster's gross receipts, as described in subsection (b) of this section, which are assignable to the state, as provided in subsection (b) of this section. Except as provided in subparagraph (C) of this subdivision with respect to the determination of the apportionment fraction for the net income derived from the activities referred to in subdivision (1) of subsection (k) of this section, the denominator of the apportionment fraction for a broadcaster shall consist of the broadcaster's total gross receipts, as described in subsection (b) of this section, whether or not assignable to the state.

(B) The numerator of the apportionment fraction for a broadcaster shall include the gross receipts of the taxpayer from sources within this state determined as follows:

(i) Gross receipts, including without limitation, advertising revenue, affiliate fees and subscriber fees, received by a broadcaster from video or audio programming in release to or by a broadcaster for telecast which is attributed to this state.

(ii) Gross receipts, including without limitation, advertising revenue, received by an over-the-air television or radio network or a television or radio station from video or audio programming in release to or by such network or station for telecast shall be attributed to this state in the same ratio that the audience for such over-the-air network or station located in this state bears to the total audience for such over-the-air network or station inside and outside of the United States. For purposes of this subparagraph, the audience shall be determined either by reference to the books and records of the taxpayer or by reference to the applicable year's published rating statistics, provided the method used by the taxpayer is consistently used from year to year for such purpose and fairly represents the taxpayer's activity in the state.

(iii) Gross receipts including, without limitation, advertising revenue, affiliate fees and subscriber fees, received by a cable network or a cable television system from video or audio programming in release to or by such cable network or cable television system for telecast and other receipts that are derived from the activities referred to in subdivision (1) of this subsection shall be attributed to this state in the same ratio that the number of subscribers for such cable network or cable television system located in this state bears to the total of such subscribers of such cable network or cable television system inside and outside of the United States. For purpose of this subparagraph, the number of subscribers of a cable network shall be measured by reference to the number of subscribers of cable television systems that are affiliated with such network and that receive video or audio programming of such network. For purposes of this subparagraph, the number of subscribers of a cable television system shall be determined either by reference to the books and records of the taxpayer or by reference to the applicable year's published rating statistics located in published surveys, provided the method used by the taxpayer is consistently used from year to year for such purpose and fairly represents the taxpayer's activities in the state.

(C) The denominator of the apportionment fraction of a broadcaster shall include gross receipts of the broadcaster that are derived from the activities referred to in subdivision (1) of subsection (k) of this section, whether or not assignable to the state.

(4) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this subdivision, with respect to the determination of the apportionment fraction for net income derived from video or audio programming production services, the numerator of the apportionment fraction for an eligible production entity shall consist of the eligible production entity's gross receipts, as described in subsection (b) of this section, which are assignable to the state, as provided in subsection (b) of this section. Except as provided in subparagraph (C) of this subdivision, with respect to the determination of the apportionment fraction for net income derived from video or audio programming production services, the denominator of the apportionment fraction for an eligible production entity shall consist of the eligible production entity's total gross receipts, as described in subsection (b) of this section, whether or not assignable to the state.

(B) The numerator of the apportionment fraction for an eligible production entity shall include gross receipts of the entity that are derived from video or audio programming production services relating to events which occur within this state.

(C) The denominator of the apportionment fraction for an eligible production entity shall include gross receipts of the entity that are derived from video or audio programming production services relating to events which occur within or without this state.

(l) Each taxable member of a combined group required to file a combined unitary tax return pursuant to section 12-222 shall, if one or more members of such group are taxable without this state, apportion its net income as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of section 12-218e .

See Sec. 12-244 re allocation of tax on air carriers.

Dividends received by Connecticut corporation on stock of wholly-owned Canadian corporations carrying on business solely in Canada should be allocated without the state. 122 C. 547. The words “held and owned” include goods of corporation in warehouses and in transit. 132 C. 158. General Assembly has power to impose a tax on a corporation doing business both within and without the state. 135 C. 37. Cited. 179 C. 363; 196 C. 1; 202 C. 412; Id., 583; 203 C. 455; 215 C. 134; 220 C. 665; 224 C. 426. Section is tax imposition statute; any ambiguity must be resolved in favor of taxpayer. 228 C. 137. Storage contracts fall within definition of rental arrangements contained in section; rental payments, “tangible property” and bailments discussed; treatment of payments for use of warehouse storage space as rental payments discussed. 232 C. 325. Cited. 240 C. 422.

Cited. 17 CA 82. Where taxpayer could not have acquired information necessary to its business without use of tangible personal property, the three-factor analysis of former Subsec. (b) applied. 73 CA 757.

Cited. 15 CS 205; 26 CS 373; 41 CS 271; 42 CS 356; 43 CS 314.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-284b — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 213a / Section 12-284b
Sec. 12-284b. Affected business entity tax. Sunset.
Status: in_force

(1) “S corporation” means any corporation which is an S corporation for federal income tax purposes and which is either (A) a domestic S corporation, or (B) a foreign S corporation that is required to obtain a certificate of authority from the Secretary of the State before transacting business in this state, whether or not it has obtained such a certificate;

(2) “Limited liability company” means any limited liability company which is, for federal income tax purposes, either treated as a partnership, if it has two or more members, or disregarded as an entity separate from its owner, if it has a single member, and which is either (A) a domestic limited liability company, or (B) a foreign limited liability company that is required to register with the Secretary of the State before transacting business in this state, whether or not it has so registered;

(3) “Limited liability partnership” means any limited liability partnership which is either (A) a domestic limited liability partnership, or (B) a foreign limited liability partnership that is required to file a certificate of authority with the Secretary of the State before transacting business in this state, whether or not it has filed such certificate;

(4) “Limited partnership” means any limited partnership which is either (A) a domestic limited partnership, or (B) a foreign limited partnership that is required under chapter 610 to register with the Secretary of the State before transacting business in this state, whether or not it has so registered;

(5) “Taxable year” means taxable year, for federal income tax purposes;

(6) “Affected business entity” means any S corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership or limited partnership;

(7) “Domestic S corporation”, “domestic limited liability company”, “domestic limited liability partnership” or “domestic limited partnership” means any such corporation, company or partnership that is formed under the laws of this state; and

(8) “Foreign S corporation”, “foreign limited liability company”, “foreign limited liability partnership” or “foreign limited partnership” means any such corporation, company or partnership that is not a domestic corporation, company or partnership.

(b) Each limited liability company, limited liability partnership, limited partnership and S corporation shall be liable for the tax imposed by this section for each taxable year or portion thereof that such company, partnership or corporation is an affected business entity. For taxable years commencing prior to January 1, 2013, each affected business entity shall annually, on or before the fifteenth day of the fourth month following the close of its taxable year, pay to the Commissioner of Revenue Services a tax in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars. For taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2013, but prior to January 1, 2020, each affected business entity shall, on or before the fifteenth day of the fourth month following the close of every other taxable year, pay to the Commissioner of Revenue Services a tax in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars.

(c) Upon failure of any affected business entity to pay the tax due under this section within thirty days of the due date, the provisions of section 12-35 shall apply with respect to the enforcement of this section and the collection of such tax. The warrant therein provided for shall be signed by the commissioner or an authorized agent of the commissioner. The amount of any such tax, penalty and interest shall be a lien, from the thirty-first day of December next preceding the due date of such tax until discharged by payment, against all real estate of the taxpayer within the state, and a certificate of such lien signed by the commissioner may be filed for record in the office of the clerk of any town in which such real estate is situated, provided no such lien shall be effective as against any bona fide purchaser or qualified encumbrancer of any interest in any such property. When any tax with respect to which a lien has been recorded under the provisions of this section has been satisfied, the commissioner, upon request of any interested party, shall issue a certificate discharging such lien, which certificate shall be recorded in the same office in which the lien was recorded. Any action for the foreclosure of such lien shall be brought by the Attorney General in the name of the state in the superior court for the judicial district in which the property subject to such lien is situated, or, if such property is located in two or more judicial districts, in the superior court for any one such judicial district, and the court may limit the time for redemption or order the sale of such property or make such other or further decree as it judges equitable.

(d) If any affected business entity fails to pay the amount of tax reported to be due on such entity's return within the time specified under the provisions of this section, there shall be imposed a penalty of fifty dollars, which penalty shall be payable to, and recoverable by, the commissioner in the same manner as the tax imposed under this section. Subject to the provisions of section 12-3a , the commissioner may waive all or part of the penalties provided under this section when it is proven to the commissioner's satisfaction that the failure to pay any tax was due to reasonable cause and was not intentional or due to neglect.

(e) If any tax is not paid when due as provided in this section, there shall be added to the amount of the tax interest at the rate of one per cent per month or fraction thereof from the date the tax became due until it is paid.

(f) If the commissioner is satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that the failure to file a return or to pay the tax was due to reasonable cause and was not intentional or due to neglect, the commissioner may abate or remit the whole or any part of any penalty under this section.

(g) The provisions of sections 12-548 to 12-554 , inclusive, and section 12-555a shall apply to the provisions of this section in the same manner and with the same force and effect as if the language of said sections 12-548 to 12-554 , inclusive, and section 12-555a had been incorporated in full into this section and had expressly referred to the tax under this section, except to the extent that any such provision is inconsistent with a provision of this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-243 — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 209 / Section 12-243
Sec. 12-243. Definitions.
Status: in_force

(a) “Air carrier” means any person, firm, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, association, trustee, receiver or assignee which engages in the transportation by air of persons or property for hire and which makes landings or takeoffs or air pickups or deliveries in this state;

(b) “Aircraft arrivals and departures” means scheduled landings and takeoffs in this state of the aircraft of an air carrier, scheduled air pickups and deliveries in this state by the aircraft of an air carrier, and, in the case of nonscheduled operations, shall include all landings and takeoffs, pickups and deliveries;

(c) “Flight equipment” means full equipment of aircraft for flight;

(d) “Originating revenue” within this state means revenue to an air carrier from the transportation of revenue passengers and revenue cargo, exclusive of express and mail, first received by such carrier either as originating or connecting traffic at airports within this state. When it cannot otherwise be determined, the revenue of an air carrier from the transportation of revenue cargo attributable to a particular airport for any period shall be computed by multiplying the pounds of revenue cargo first received by such air carrier at such airport during such period by the average revenue per pound received by such air carrier from the transportation of revenue cargo over its entire system for the same period;

(e) “Revenue tons handled” by an air carrier at an airport means the weight in tons of revenue passengers, at two hundred pounds per passenger, and revenue cargo first received either as originating or connecting traffic or finally discharged by such carrier at such airport.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-808 — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 229a / Section 12-808
Sec. 12-808. Transfer of lottery.
Status: in_force

(b) The state shall transfer to the corporation ownership of all annuities it purchased for payment of lottery prizes and shall not be liable for any lottery awards. In addition, the state shall not be liable for any obligations of the lottery arising prior to the date of transfer as described in subsection (a) of this section, including those arising in the ordinary course of business under existing contracts specifically assumed by the corporation. The Department of Consumer Protection shall assign to the corporation any annuity for payment of any lottery award arising on or before the date of such transfer. Unless otherwise agreed to in writing with the department, the corporation shall be solely responsible for the payment of all lottery prizes and the purchase of all annuities to provide revenue for such payment.

(c) The corporation shall request and obtain all approvals, consents and rulings of and from all state and federal governmental agencies necessary or in order to effect the transactions contemplated by this section.
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-193 — Connecticut Code / Title 12 / Chapter 205 / Section 12-193
Sec. 12-193. Costs and fees to be taxed. Reimbursement to taxpayer where error by tax assessor or tax collector.
Status: in_force

Cited. 201 C. 1; 236 C. 710.

Cited. 21 CA 275.