C.R.S. § 12-285-120 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 285 / Part 1 / Section 12-285-120
12-285-120. Grounds for disciplinary action - definitions
Status: in_force

12-285-120. Grounds for disciplinary action - definitions. (1) The board may take disciplinary action in accordance with sections 12-20-404 and 12-285-122 against a person who has:

(a) Committed any act that does not meet generally accepted standards of physical therapy practice or failed to perform an act necessary to meet generally accepted standards of physical therapy practice;

(b) Engaged in a sexual act with a patient while a patient-physical therapist relationship exists. For the purposes of this subsection (1)(b):

(I) "Patient-physical therapist relationship" means that period of time beginning with the initial evaluation through the termination of treatment.

(II) "Sexual act" means sexual contact, sexual intrusion, or sexual penetration as defined in section 18-3-401.

(c) Failed to refer a patient to the appropriate licensed health-care professional when the services required by the patient are beyond the level of competence of the physical therapist or beyond the scope of physical therapy practice;

(d) Abandoned a patient by any means, including failure to provide a referral to another physical therapist or to another appropriate health-care professional when the referral was necessary to meet generally accepted standards of physical therapy care;

(e) Failed to provide adequate or proper supervision when utilizing certified physical therapist assistants, unlicensed persons, or persons with a provisional license in a physical therapy practice;

(f) Failed to make essential entries on patient records or falsified or made incorrect entries of an essential nature on patient records;

(g) Engaged in any of the following activities and practices: Ordering or performance, without clinical justification, of demonstrably unnecessary laboratory tests or studies; the administration, without clinical justification, of treatment that is demonstrably unnecessary; or ordering or performing, without clinical justification, any service, X ray, or treatment that is contrary to recognized standards of the practice of physical therapy as interpreted by the board;

(h) (I) Committed abuse of health insurance as set forth in section 18-13-119 (3); or

(II) Advertised through newspapers, magazines, circulars, direct mail, directories, radio, television, or otherwise that the licensee will perform any act prohibited by section 18-13-119 (3);

(i) Committed a fraudulent insurance act, as defined in section 10-1-128;

(j) Offered, given, or received commissions, rebates, or other forms of remuneration for the referral of clients; except that a licensee may pay an independent advertising or marketing agent compensation for advertising or marketing services rendered by an agent on the licensee's behalf, including compensation for referrals of clients identified through the services on a per-client basis;

(k) Falsified information in any application or attempted to obtain or obtained a license by fraud, deception, or misrepresentation;

(l) Engaged in the habitual or excessive use or abuse of alcohol, a habit-forming drug, or a controlled substance as defined in section 18-18-102 (5);

(m) (I) Failed to notify the board, as required by section 12-30-108 (1), of a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral, mental health, or substance use disorder that impacts the licensee's ability to perform physical therapy with reasonable skill and safety to patients;

(II) Failed to act within the limitations created by a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral, mental health, or substance use disorder that renders the licensee unable to perform physical therapy with reasonable skill and safety to the patient; or

(III) Failed to comply with the limitations agreed to under a confidential agreement entered pursuant to sections 12-30-108 and 12-285-125;

(n) Refused to submit to a physical or mental examination when so ordered by the board pursuant to section 12-285-124;

(o) Failed to notify the board in writing of the entry of a final judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction against the licensee for malpractice of physical therapy or a settlement by the licensee in response to charges or allegations of malpractice of physical therapy, which notice must be given within ninety days after the entry of judgment or settlement and, in the case of a judgment, must contain the name of the court, the case number, and the names of all parties to the action;

(p) Violated or aided or abetted a violation of this article 285, an applicable provision of article 20 or 30 of this title 12, a rule adopted under this article 285, or a lawful order of the board;

(q) Been convicted of, pled guilty, or pled nolo contendere to any crime related to the licensee's practice of physical therapy or a felony or committed an act specified in section 12-285-128. A certified copy of the judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction of the conviction or plea is conclusive evidence of the conviction or plea. In considering the disciplinary action, the board is governed by sections 12-20-202 (5) and 24-5-101.

(r) Fraudulently obtained, furnished, or sold any physical therapy diploma, certificate, license, renewal of license, or record, or aided or abetted any such act;

(s) Advertised, represented, or held himself or herself out, in any manner, as a physical therapist or practiced physical therapy without a license or unless otherwise authorized under this article 285;

(t) Used in connection with the person's name any designation tending to imply that the person is a physical therapist without being licensed under this article 285;

(u) Practiced physical therapy during the time the person's license was inactive, expired, suspended, or revoked;

(v) Failed to maintain the insurance required by section 12-285-118 or a rule promulgated thereunder;

(w) Failed to respond in an honest, materially responsive, and timely manner to a complaint issued under this article 285;

(x) Failed to know the contents of this part 1 and any rules promulgated under this part 1;

(y) Failed to either:

(I) Confirm that a patient is under the care of a physician or other health-care professional for the underlying medical condition when providing general wound care within the scope of the physical therapist's practice; or

(II) Refer the patient to a physician or other appropriate health-care professional for the treatment of the underlying medical condition when providing general wound care within the scope of the physical therapist's practice; or

(z) Failed to report an adverse action, the surrender of a license, or other discipline taken in another jurisdiction.
C.R.S. § 12-135-403 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 135 / Part 4 / Section 12-135-403
12-135-403. Cease-and-desist orders - orders and stipulations - suspension - procedure
Status: in_force

12-135-403. Cease-and-desist orders - orders and stipulations - suspension - procedure. (1) The director may issue cease-and-desist orders under the circumstances and in accordance with the procedures specified in section 12-20-405.

(2) The director may suspend a registration upon the failure of the registrant to comply with any condition of a stipulation or order imposed by the director until the registrant complies with the condition.
C.R.S. § 12-240-106 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 240 / Section 12-240-106
12-240-106. Powers and duties of board - limitation on authority - rules
Status: in_force

12-240-106. Powers and duties of board - limitation on authority - rules. (1) In addition to all other powers and duties conferred and imposed upon the board by this article 240, the board has the following powers and duties to:

(a) Promulgate rules pursuant to section 12-20-204 that are fair, impartial, and nondiscriminatory;

(b) Make investigations, hold hearings, and take evidence in accordance with section 12-20-403 in all matters relating to the exercise and performance of the powers and duties vested in the board;

(c) Aid law enforcement in the enforcement of this article 240 and in the prosecution of all persons, firms, associations, or corporations charged with the violation of any of its provisions; and

(d) Adopt rules as necessary in accordance with section 12-240-130.5 to implement the requirement for continuing medical education for physicians.

(2) To facilitate the licensure of qualified applicants and address the unlicensed practice of medicine, the unlicensed practice as a physician assistant, and the unlicensed practice as an anesthesiologist assistant, the president of the board shall establish a licensing panel in accordance with section 12-240-116 to perform licensing functions in accordance with this article 240 and review and resolve matters relating to the unlicensed practice of medicine, unlicensed practice as a physician assistant, and unlicensed practice as an anesthesiologist assistant. Two panel members constitute a quorum of the panel. Any action taken by a quorum of the panel constitutes action by the board.

(3) To facilitate the licensure of a physician under the "Interstate Medical Licensure Compact Act", part 36 of article 60 of title 24, the board shall obtain a set of fingerprints from an applicant for licensure under the compact and shall forward the fingerprints to the Colorado bureau of investigation for the purpose of obtaining a fingerprint-based criminal history record check. Upon receipt of fingerprints and payment for the costs, the Colorado bureau of investigation shall conduct a state and national fingerprint-based criminal history record check using records of the Colorado bureau of investigation and the federal bureau of investigation. The board is the authorized agency to receive information regarding the result of a national criminal history record check. The applicant whose fingerprints are checked shall pay the actual costs of the state and national fingerprint-based criminal history record check.

(4) The authority granted the board under the provisions of this article 240 shall not be construed to authorize the board to arbitrate or adjudicate fee disputes between licensees or between a licensee and any other party.
C.R.S. § 12-210-106 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 210 / Part 1 / Section 12-210-106
12-210-106. Licensure - expiration - renewal - reinstatement - fees
Status: in_force

12-210-106. Licensure - expiration - renewal - reinstatement - fees. (1) The director shall issue a license to an applicant who satisfies the requirements of this article 210.

(2) Licenses issued under this article 210 are subject to the renewal, expiration, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202 (1) and (2). A person whose license has expired is subject to the penalties set forth in this article 210 or in section 12-20-202 (1).
C.R.S. § 12-110-104 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 110 / Section 12-110-104
12-110-104. Definitions
Status: in_force

12-110-104. Definitions. As used in this article 110, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Boxer" means an individual who participates in a boxing match.

(2) "Boxing" means fighting, striking, forcing an opponent to submit, or disabling an opponent, including the disciplines of kickboxing, mixed martial arts, and martial arts.

(3) "Commission" means the Colorado combative sports commission created in section 12-110-106.

(4) "Contest" means a match in which the participants strive earnestly to win.

(5) "Exhibition" means a match in which participants display their boxing skills and techniques without striving earnestly to win.

(6) "Kickboxing" means engaging in martial arts fighting techniques using the hands and feet, the object of which is to win by a decision, knockout, or technical knockout.

(7) "Martial arts" means any of several arts of combat or self-defense that are widely practiced as sport.

(8) "Match" means a professional boxing contest or exhibition, the object of which is to win by a decision, knockout, or technical knockout, and includes an event, engagement, sparring or practice session, show, or program where the public is admitted and there is intended to be physical contact. "Match" does not include a training or practice session when no admission is charged.

(9) "Mixed martial arts" means the combined techniques of boxing and martial arts disciplines such as grappling, kicking, and striking, including the use of full, unrestrained physical force.

(10) "Office" means the office of combative sports created in section 12-110-105.

(11) "Office director" means the director of the office.

(12) "Participant" means a person who engages in a match as a boxing contestant.

(13) "Physician" means an individual licensed to practice medicine pursuant to article 240 of this title 12.

(14) "Place of training" means a facility where alcohol beverages are not permitted, an admission fee is not charged for nonstudents, instructors of particular disciplines train students in the art of boxing, and students pay a fee to be enrolled in classes and receive instruction.

(15) "Professional" means a participant who has received or competed for a purse or any other thing of value for participating in a match.

(16) (a) "Toughperson fighting" means:

(I) A physical contest, match, tournament, exhibition, or bout, or any activity that involves physical contact between two or more individuals engaging in combative skills using the hands, feet, or body, whether or not prizes or purses are awarded at the event or promised in future events or spectator admission fees are charged or received; and

(II) A contest, match, tournament, exhibition, bout, or activity, as described in subsection (16)(a)(I) of this section, that is not recognized by and not sanctioned by any state, regional, or national boxing sanctioning authority that is recognized by the director.

(b) "Toughperson fighting" does not mean:

(I) Activities occurring under a martial arts instructor at a place of training or other types of instructor-student or student-student contact occurring under the supervision of an instructor at a place of training; or

(II) A sanctioned boxing event approved by the commission.
C.R.S. § 12-10-207 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 10 / Part 2 / Section 12-10-207
12-10-207. Division of real estate - creation - director, clerks, and assistants
Status: in_force

12-10-207. Division of real estate - creation - director, clerks, and assistants. (1) There is created in the department the division of real estate. The executive director is authorized by this section to employ, subject to the provisions of the state personnel system laws of the state, a director of the division, who in turn shall employ such attorneys, deputies, investigators, clerks, and assistants as are necessary to discharge the duties imposed by parts 2 and 5 of this article 10. The division and the director are type 2 entities, as defined in section 24-1-105, and exercise their powers and perform their duties and functions under the department.

(2) It is the duty of the director, personally, or the director's designee to aid in the administration and enforcement of parts 2 and 5 of this article 10 and in the prosecution of all persons charged with violating any of their provisions, to conduct audits of business accounts of licensees, to perform such duties of the commission as the commission prescribes, and to act in behalf of the commission on such occasions and in such circumstances as the commission directs.
C.R.S. § 12-135-601 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 135 / Part 6 / Section 12-135-601
12-135-601. Practice of a funeral director described - definition
Status: in_force

12-135-601. Practice of a funeral director described - definition. (1) As used in this part 6, "services concerning the final disposition of human remains" includes funeral services, embalming, cremation, natural reduction, and removal of human remains from the state.

(2) (a) The practice of a funeral director consists of performing the following acts for compensation:

(I) Selling or offering to sell services concerning the final disposition of human remains on an at-need basis;

(II) Planning, arranging, or offering to plan or arrange, on an at-need basis, the details of services concerning the final disposition of human remains and establishing the type of services to be rendered;

(III) Making, negotiating, completing, or offering to make, negotiate, or complete the financial arrangements for services concerning the final disposition of human remains on an at-need basis; except that nonlicensed personnel may assist the funeral director in performing such tasks;

(IV) Directly or indirectly directing, being in charge or apparent charge of, supervising, or offering to direct, be in charge of, or supervise:

(A) A visitation or viewing of human remains;

(B) A funeral service; or

(C) A memorial service, if the memorial service is sold or arranged by a licensee;

(V) Managing or supervising the operation of a funeral establishment, except for administrative matters, such as budgeting, accounting and personnel, maintenance of buildings, equipment, and grounds, and routine clerical and record-keeping functions; or

(VI) Using, in connection with one's name or employment:

(A) The word "funeral director", "undertaker", or "mortician"; or

(B) A word, title, or combination of words, titles, or pictures that when considered in the context in which they are used would imply that the person is engaged in the practice of a funeral director or that the person is holding themself out to the public as being engaged in the practice of a funeral director.

(b) (I) Subsection (2)(a)(IV)(A) of this section does not require an individual to be licensed to conduct a visitation or viewing if a licensed funeral director or licensed mortuary science practitioner is readily available for consultation.

(II) Subsection (2)(a)(VI) of this section does not prevent a person from using the name of an owner, officer, or corporate director of a funeral establishment, notwithstanding that the person does not hold a license, in connection with the name of the funeral establishment with which the person is affiliated, so long as the person's affiliation is properly specified.

(3) The practice of a funeral director does not include:

(a) (I) Transmitting, by telephone, by fax, or electronically, obituary notices;

(II) Ordering flowers or merchandise;

(III) Delivering death certificates to attending physicians;

(IV) Clerical preparation and processing of death certificates, insurance forms, and any clerical tasks that record the information compiled by the funeral director; or

(V) An act that is incidental to any of the functions specified in this subsection (3)(a);

(b) Furnishing standard, printed price lists and disclosure information to the public by providing the information to persons making an inquiry;

(c) Arranging, coordinating, or employing, in connection with the final disposition of human remains, removal services, registered refrigeration facilities, or registered centralized embalming facilities;

(d) Any aspect of making preneed funeral arrangements or entering into preneed contracts; or

(e) Functions normally performed by cemetery or crematory personnel.

(4) (a) An individual licensed under this part 6 may delegate tasks, as determined by the director in rule, within the scope of the individual's license to unlicensed persons practicing within the unlicensed person's experience, education, or training.

(b) A licensee is responsible for ensuring that a delegatee has the experience, education, and training necessary to perform delegated tasks.

(c) A licensee retains responsibility for any tasks delegated under this subsection (4).

(d) A licensee shall not delegate the following tasks:

(I) Any task involving handling human remains; except that this subsection (4)(d)(I) does not apply to transporting human remains;

(II) Signing contracts or other legal documents that involve compensation for funeral goods or services; or

(III) Oversight of a funeral home or crematory operations related to the final disposition of human remains.
C.R.S. § 12-20-202 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 20 / Part 2 / Section 12-20-202
12-20-202. Licenses, certifications, and registrations - renewal - reinstatement - fees - o
Status: repealed

12-20-202. Licenses, certifications, and registrations - renewal - reinstatement - fees - occupational credential portability program - exceptions for military personnel, spouses, gold star military spouses, and dependents - rules - consideration of criminal convictions or driver's history - executive director authority - definitions. (1) Renewal. (a) Licenses, certifications, and registrations issued pursuant to a part or article of this title 12 expire pursuant to a schedule established by the director and must be renewed or reinstated in accordance with this section. The director shall establish renewal fees and delinquency fees for reinstatement pursuant to section 12-20-105. If a person fails to renew the person's license, certification, or registration pursuant to the schedule established by the director, the license, certification, or registration expires. A person whose license, certification, or registration has expired is subject to the penalties set forth in this section and any other penalties authorized in the applicable part or article of this title 12 that regulates the person's profession or occupation.

(b) Notwithstanding any provision of the law to the contrary, the director may change the renewal date of any license, certification, or registration issued by a regulator so that approximately the same number of licenses, certifications, or registrations are scheduled for renewal in each month of the year. Where any renewal date is so changed, the fee for the license, certification, or registration is proportionately increased or decreased, as the case may be. Except for a license, certification, or registration issued in accordance with subsection (3)(f) of this section, a license, certification, or registration is valid for a period of no less than one year and no longer than three years, as determined by the director in consultation with the applicable regulator. A licensee, certificate holder, or registrant shall submit an application for renewal to the applicable regulator on forms and in the manner prescribed by the director.

(c) Notwithstanding any provision of the law to the contrary, upon the approval and recommendation of a regulator, the executive director may change the period of the validity of any license, certification, or registration issued by the regulator for a period not to exceed three years. If the executive director changes the period of validity of a license, certification, or registration pursuant to this subsection (1)(c), the director shall proportionately increase or decrease the fee for the license, certification, or registration, as the case may be, but the director shall not impose a fee increase that would result in hardship to the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant.

(d) A regulator may prescribe renewal requirements, which must include compliance with any continuing education or continuing competency requirements adopted pursuant to the regulator's authority.

(e) The director shall allow for a grace period for licenses, certifications, or registrations issued by a regulator. A licensee, certificate holder, or registrant has a sixty-day grace period after the expiration of his or her license, certification, or registration to renew the license, certification, or registration without the imposition of a disciplinary sanction by the regulator for the profession for practicing on an expired license, certification, or registration. The licensee, certificate holder, or registrant shall satisfy all renewal requirements pursuant to the applicable part or article of this title 12 and shall pay a delinquency fee in an amount determined pursuant to sections 12-20-105 and 24-79.5-102.

(2) Reinstatement. (a) If a licensee, registrant, or certificate holder does not renew his or her license, registration, or certificate within the sixty-day grace period pursuant to subsection (1)(e) of this section, the license, registration, or certificate is treated as an expired license, registration, or certificate, and the licensee, registrant, or certificate holder is ineligible to practice until the license, registration, or certificate is reinstated.

(b) The regulator shall reinstate the expired license, certificate, or registration of any active military personnel, including any National Guard member or reservist who is currently on active duty for a minimum of thirty days, and any veteran who has not been dishonorably discharged, if the military personnel or veteran meets the requirements of this subsection (2).

(c) The regulator, in its discretion and pursuant to its authority, may reinstate an expired license, registration, or certificate of any person other than the active military personnel or veterans specified in subsection (2)(b) of this section pursuant to the following requirements:

(I) (A) The licensee, registrant, or certificate holder submits an application for reinstatement of the license, registration, or certificate to the regulator sixty days or more after the date of expiration, and the licensee, registrant, or certificate holder complies with all requirements of the applicable part or article of this title 12.

(B) If the licensee, registrant, or certificate holder practiced with an expired license, registration, or certificate, the regulator may impose disciplinary actions against the licensee, registrant, or certificate holder.

(II) If the license, registration, or certificate has been expired for more than two years, the person with the expired license, registration, or certificate shall pay all applicable renewal and reinstatement fees and shall satisfactorily demonstrate to the regulator that the person is competent to practice within his or her profession. The regulator, as it deems appropriate, shall accept one or more of the following as a demonstration of competency to practice:

(A) A license, registration, or certificate from another state that is in good standing for the applicant where the applicant demonstrates active practice;

(B) Practice for a specified time under a restricted license, registration, or certificate;

(C) Successful completion of prescribed remedial courses ordered by the regulator that are within the authority of the regulator to require;

(D) Successful completion of any continuing education or continuing competency requirements prescribed by the regulator that are within the authority of the regulator to require;

(E) Passage of an examination for licensure, registration, or certification as approved by the regulator that the regulator has the authority to require; or

(F) Other professional standards or measures of continued competency as determined by the regulator.

(III) The regulator may waive the requirements for reinstatement of an expired license, registration, or certificate by an applicant who demonstrates hardship, so long as the regulator considers the protection of the public in the hardship petition.

(3) Occupational credential portability program - definitions. (a) There is hereby created in the division the occupational credential portability program by which a regulator may approve an application for licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment by endorsement, reciprocity, or transfer. Each regulator shall strive to reduce barriers for applicants under the occupational credential portability program, including through reciprocity agreements, compacts, or other means to expedite licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment and shall adopt rules to implement the program in the least burdensome way necessary to protect the public. Unless there are specific reasons to withhold a license, certification, registration, or enrollment, a regulator shall issue a license, certification, registration, or enrollment, as applicable, to an applicant who meets the requirements of this subsection (3) and rules adopted by the regulator pursuant to this subsection (3).

(b) (I) Except as specified in subsections (3)(c) and (3)(f) of this section, a person duly licensed, certified, registered, or enrolled in good standing in another state or United States territory or through the federal government to practice a particular profession or occupation, or who holds a military occupational specialty, as defined in section 24-4-201, is, upon application to the division for licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment in that profession or occupation in this state, entitled to the issuance of the applicable license, certification, registration, or enrollment if all of the following apply:

(A) Submission of satisfactory proof to the regulator, under penalty of perjury, of the applicant's substantially equivalent experience or credentials, as required by the part or article of this title 12 that regulates the applicable profession or occupation or satisfactory proof that the applicant has held for at least one year a current and valid license, certification, registration, or enrollment under a jurisdiction with a scope of practice that is substantially similar to the scope of practice of the profession or occupation as specified in this title 12, and that the applicant has not committed an act that would be grounds for disciplinary action under the law governing the applicable profession or occupation;

(B) Payment of applicable fees established pursuant to section 12-20-105; and

(C) Compliance with any other applicable requirement, including passing an exam, of the part or article of this title 12 that regulates the applicable profession or occupation.

(II) For the purposes of this subsection (3)(b), "in good standing" means that a license, certification, registration, or enrollment has not been revoked or suspended and against which there are no outstanding disciplinary or adverse actions.

(c) An applicant is not entitled to licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment pursuant to this subsection (3) if the regulator demonstrates by a preponderance of evidence, after notice and opportunity for a hearing, that the applicant:

(I) Lacks the requisite substantially equivalent education, experience, or credentials to practice the applicable profession or occupation; or

(II) Has committed an act that would be grounds for disciplinary action under the law governing the applicable profession or occupation.

(d) A regulator may specify by rule what constitutes substantially equivalent experience or credentials and, unless otherwise prohibited by this title 12, shall allow an applicant for certification, registration, or licensure by endorsement to demonstrate competency in a specific profession or occupation as determined by the regulator in lieu of a requirement that the applicant has worked or practiced in that profession or occupation for a period of time prior to the application for endorsement.

(d.5) Nothing in this subsection (3) prohibits a person from applying for an occupational license, registration, or certification pursuant to another statute or rule.

(e) Subsections (3)(a) to (3)(d) of this section do not apply to the following professions or occupations:

(I) Combative sports, regulated pursuant to article 110 of this title 12;

(II) Electricians, regulated pursuant to article 115 of this title 12;

(II.5) Engineers, surveyors, and architects, regulated pursuant to article 120 of this title 12;

(III) Repealed.

(IV) Mortuaries and crematories, regulated pursuant to article 135 of this title 12;

(V) Nontransplant tissue banks, regulated pursuant to article 140 of this title 12;

(VI) Outfitters and guides, regulated pursuant to article 145 of this title 12;

(VII) Passenger tramways, regulated pursuant to article 150 of this title 12;

(VIII) Plumbers, regulated pursuant to article 155 of this title 12;

(IX) Repealed.

(IX.5) Dental therapists, regulated pursuant to article 220 of this title 12;

(X) Direct-entry midwives, regulated pursuant to article 225 of this title 12; or

(XI) Surgical assistants and surgical technologists, regulated pursuant to article 310 of this title 12.

(f) (I) Except as specified in subsection (3)(f)(III) of this section, a military spouse, gold star military spouse, military dependent, or spouse or dependent of any other qualified servicemember duly licensed, certified, registered, or enrolled in good standing in another state or United States territory to practice a particular profession or occupation is, upon application to the division for licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment in that profession or occupation in this state, entitled to the issuance of a license, certification, registration, or enrollment upon submission of satisfactory proof to the regulator, under penalty of perjury, of the applicant's active license, certification, registration, or enrollment in another state or United States territory in good standing.

(II) As used in this subsection (3)(f):

(A) "Gold star military spouse" or "gold star spouse" means the spouse of a servicemember, which servicemember died while on military orders, who was relocated to Colorado.

(B) "In good standing" means that a license, certification, registration, or enrollment has not been revoked, expired, or suspended and against which there are no outstanding disciplinary or adverse actions.

(C) "Military dependent" means the dependent of a servicemember serving in the United States uniformed services who was relocated to Colorado.

(D) "Military spouse" or "spouse" means the spouse of a servicemember serving in the United States uniformed services who was relocated to Colorado.

(E) "Relocated" means that a servicemember in the United States uniformed services and the servicemember's spouse or dependent have, or the servicemember's gold star spouse has, moved to Colorado, as a result of: An assignment to a duty station in Colorado; a reassignment, either as a result of a permanent change of station or permanent change of assignment to Colorado, between two duty stations; or a transfer from a regular component of a uniformed service into a selected reserve of the Ready Reserve of a uniformed service, if the member is authorized to make a final move from the member's last duty station to Colorado.

(F) "Servicemember" means a member of the uniformed services, as defined in 10 U.S.C. sec. 101 (a)(5).

(III) An applicant is not entitled to licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment pursuant to this subsection (3)(f) if approving the licensure, certification, registration, or enrollment would violate an existing compact or reciprocity agreement or if the regulator demonstrates by a preponderance of evidence, after notice and opportunity for a hearing, that the applicant's license, certification, registration, or enrollment issued by another state or United States territory is not in good standing.

(IV) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary:

(A) A license, certification, registration, or enrollment issued to a military spouse, a gold star military spouse, a military dependent, or the spouse or dependent of any other qualified servicemember pursuant to this subsection (3)(f) is valid for six years after the date of issuance and may be renewed.

(B) Each regulator shall waive the application fee for single state licenses, certifications, registrations, or enrollments issued pursuant to this subsection (3)(f).

(4) Military personnel. A regulator shall, upon presentation of satisfactory evidence by an applicant for licensure, certification, or registration, accept education, training, or service completed by an individual as a member of the armed forces or reserves of the United States, the National Guard of any state, the military reserves of any state, or the naval militia of any state toward the qualifications to receive the license, certification, or registration. Each regulator shall promulgate rules to implement this subsection (4).

(5) Criminal convictions. Unless there is a specific statutory disqualification that prohibits an applicant from obtaining licensure, certification, or registration based on a criminal conviction, if a regulator determines that an applicant for licensure, certification, or registration has a criminal record, the regulator is governed by sections 12-20-206 and 24-5-101 for purposes of granting or denying, or placing any conditions on, licensure, certification, or registration.

(5.5) Driver's history. A regulator shall not consider an event in an applicant's driver's history when determining whether to issue to the applicant a new, renewal, reactivated, or reinstated license, certification, or registration unless:

(a) The event is relevant to the performance of the profession or occupation that is the subject of the application; and

(b) (I) The operation of a motor vehicle is a duty of the profession or occupation that is the subject of the application;

(II) The event is a part of a pattern of behavior that is relevant to the performance of the profession or occupation that is the subject of the application; or

(III) The event occurred within three years before the date that the applicant submitted the application to the regulator.

(6) Executive director authority. (a) Form of license, certification, or registration. The executive director, after consultation with the regulator concerned, shall determine the form and content of any license, certification, or registration issued by the regulator, including any document evidencing renewal of a license, certification, or registration.

(b) Review of examinations and procedures. Notwithstanding any entity status as a type 1 entity, as defined in section 24-1-105, the executive director may review any examination or procedure for granting a license, certification, or registration by any regulator prior to the execution of the examination or procedure. After the review, if the executive director has reason to believe the examination or procedure is unfair to the applicants or unreasonable in content, the executive director shall call on five people licensed, certified, or registered in the occupation or profession to review the examination or procedure jointly with the executive director. The executive director and the licensees, certificate holders, or registrants, acting jointly, may make findings of fact and recommendations to the regulator concerning any examination or procedure. The findings of fact and recommendations are public documents.

(c) Employment of administrative law judges. Notwithstanding any entity status as a type 1 entity, as defined in section 24-1-105, the executive director may employ an administrative law judge, and may require any regulator to use an administrative law judge in lieu of a hearing by the regulator, to conduct hearings on any matter within the jurisdiction of the regulator, subject to appropriations made to the department of personnel. Administrative law judges are appointed pursuant to part 10 of article 30 of title 24. An administrative law judge employed pursuant to this subsection (6)(c) shall conduct hearings in accordance with section 24-4-105, and the administrative law judge has the authority specified in section 24-4-105.
C.R.S. § 12-280-304 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 280 / Part 3 / Section 12-280-304
12-280-304. Record check
Status: in_force

12-280-304. Record check. (1) Prior to submission of an application, each designated representative must have his or her fingerprints taken by a local law enforcement agency or any third party approved by the Colorado bureau of investigation for the purpose of obtaining a fingerprint-based criminal history record check. If an approved third party takes the person's fingerprints, the fingerprints may be electronically captured using Colorado bureau of investigation-approved livescan equipment. Third-party vendors shall not keep the applicant information for more than thirty days unless requested to do so by the applicant. The designated representative shall submit payment by certified check or money order for the fingerprints and for the actual costs of the record check at the time the fingerprints are submitted to the Colorado bureau of investigation. Upon receipt of fingerprints and receipt of the payment for costs, the Colorado bureau of investigation shall conduct a state and national fingerprint-based criminal history record check utilizing records of the Colorado bureau of investigation and the federal bureau of investigation.

(2) When the results of a fingerprint-based criminal history record check of a designated representative performed pursuant to this section reveal a record of arrest without a disposition, the board shall require that designated representative to submit to a name-based judicial record check, as defined in section 22-2-119.3 (6)(d). The designated representative shall pay the actual costs of the name-based judicial record check.
C.R.S. § 12-230-301 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 230 / Part 3 / Section 12-230-301
12-230-301. Director - powers - duties - rules
Status: in_force

12-230-301. Director - powers - duties - rules. (1) The director, in accordance with section 12-20-403, may make investigations and inspections as necessary to determine whether an applicant or licensee has violated this article 230 or any rule adopted by the director.

(2) The director may apply for injunctive relief in accordance with section 12-20-406 to enjoin any act or practice that constitutes a violation of this article 230. Upon a showing that a person is engaging in or intends to engage in the act or practice, the court shall grant an injunction, restraining order, or other appropriate order, regardless of the existence of another remedy.

(3) No later than December 31, 2013, and thereafter as necessary, the director shall adopt rules pursuant to section 12-20-204.
C.R.S. § 12-245-404 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 245 / Part 4 / Section 12-245-404
12-245-404. Qualifications - examination - licensure and registration - rules
Status: repealed

12-245-404. Qualifications - examination - licensure and registration - rules. (1) The board shall license as a licensed social worker a person who files an application in a form and manner required by the board, submits the fee required by the board pursuant to section 12-245-205, and submits evidence satisfactory to the board that the applicant:

(a) Is at least twenty-one years of age;

(b) Has completed a master's degree from a graduate school of social work; and

(c) Demonstrates legal and ethical competence by satisfactorily passing a jurisprudence examination administered by the division.

(2) The board shall license as a licensed clinical social worker a person who files an application, in a form and manner required by the board, submits the fee required by the board pursuant to section 12-245-205, and submits evidence satisfactory to the board that the applicant:

(a) Is at least twenty-one years of age;

(b) Has completed a master's or doctoral degree from a graduate school of social work;

(c) Has practiced social work for at least two years under the virtual or in-person supervision of a licensed clinical social worker or other person with equivalent experience as determined by the board, which practice includes training and work experience in the area of clinical social work practice; and

(d) Demonstrates professional competence by satisfactorily passing an examination in social work as prescribed by the board and a jurisprudence examination administered by the division.

(3) (a) The board or its designated representative shall give the examination described in subsection (2)(d) of this section at least twice per year at a time and place and under the supervision determined by the board.

(b) The board or its designated representatives shall administer and determine the pass or fail status of the examination and take any actions necessary to ensure impartiality. The board shall determine the passing score for the examination based upon a level of minimum competency to engage in social work practice.

(4) (a) The board shall register as a clinical social worker candidate a person who files an application for registration, accompanied by the fee required by section 12-245-205, who is not in violation of any provision of this article 245 or any rules promulgated by the board, and who:

(I) Submits evidence satisfactory to the board that the person has met the requirements of subsections (2)(a) and (2)(b) of this section; and

(II) Repealed.

(III) Has passed a jurisprudence examination administered by the division.

(b) A clinical social worker candidate registered pursuant to this subsection (4) is under the jurisdiction of the board. If the requirements of subsections (2)(c) and (2)(d) of this section are not met within three years after the date of registration as a candidate, the registration of the clinical social worker candidate expires. A person whose clinical social worker candidate registration expires is subject to the renewal, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202. Prior to a second or subsequent renewal of a clinical social worker candidate registration, the registered clinical social worker candidate shall complete continuing professional development and educational hours to maintain the candidate's registration as a registered clinical social worker candidate.

(c) On or before December 31, 2024, the board shall begin the rule-making process to promulgate rules that bring the rules pertaining to social workers into alignment with this part 4, including:

(I) A requirement to take and pass the Colorado jurisprudence examination to obtain a clinical social worker candidate registration;

(II) The renewal, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202; and

(III) The continuing professional development and educational hours specified in subsection (4)(b) of this section.
C.R.S. § 12-100-108 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 100 / Section 12-100-108
12-100-108. Educational and experience requirements - rules
Status: in_force

12-100-108. Educational and experience requirements - rules. (1) On and after July 1, 2015, a person meets the educational and experience requirements necessary to be issued a certificate of certified public accountant if the applicant:

(a) (I) Has a baccalaureate or higher degree conferred by an accredited college or university with an accounting program approved by the board or has a baccalaureate with a nonaccounting concentration supplemented by what the board determines to be the equivalent of an accounting concentration, including related courses in other areas of business administration; and

(II) Has completed at least one hundred fifty semester hours of college education approved by the board;

(b) Has successfully completed a course of study concerning the subject of professional ethics approved by the board and passed a written examination concerning the subject prepared and given by educational institutions or professional organizations deemed qualified by the board to administer the examination; and

(c) Has one year's experience that:

(I) Meets the requirements set by the board by rule;

(II) Is in any type of service or advice involving the use of accounting, attest, compilation, management advisory, financial advisory, tax, or consulting skills, which may be gained through employment in government, industry, academia, or public practice; and

(III) Is verified by an actively licensed certified public accountant who meets the requirements set by the board by rule.
C.R.S. § 12-315-309 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 315 / Part 3 / Section 12-315-309
12-315-309. Medical records - definition
Status: in_force

12-315-309. Medical records - definition. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires, "animal care provider" has the meaning set forth in section 12-315-119 (1).

(2) An animal care provider that uses telehealth to provide veterinary services shall maintain medical records pursuant to section 12-315-119.

(3) An animal care provider that creates medical records during the provision of veterinary services, including the client's consent to telehealth services, shall include the records in the patient's medical record and make the records accessible to both the client and the animal care provider.
C.R.S. § 12-10-212 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 10 / Part 2 / Section 12-10-212
12-10-212. License fees - partnership, limited liability company, and corporation licenses
Status: in_force

12-10-212. License fees - partnership, limited liability company, and corporation licenses - rules. (1) Fees established pursuant to section 12-10-215 shall be charged by and paid to the commission or the agent for the commission for the following:

(a) Each broker's examination;

(b) Each broker's original application and license;

(c) Each renewal of a broker's license;

(d) Any change of name, address, or employing broker requiring a change in commission records;

(e) A new application that shall be submitted when a licensed real estate broker wishes to become the broker acting for a partnership, a limited liability company, or a corporation.

(2) The proper fee shall accompany each application for licensure. The fee shall not be refundable. Failure by the person taking an examination to file the appropriate broker's application within one year of the date the person passed the examination will automatically cancel the examination, and all rights to a passing score will be terminated.

(3) Each real estate broker's license granted to an individual shall entitle the individual to perform all the acts contemplated by this part 2, without any further application on his or her part and without the payment of any fee other than the fees specified in this section.

(4) (a) (I) The commission shall require that any person licensed under this part 2, whether on an active or inactive basis, renew the license on or before December 31 of every third year after issuance; except that an initial license issued under this part 2 on or after April 23, 2018, expires at 12 midnight on December 31 of the year in which it was issued.

(II) Renewal is conditioned upon fulfillment of the continuing education requirements set forth in section 12-10-213. For persons renewing or reinstating an active license, written certification verifying completion for the previous licensing period of the continuing education requirements set forth in section 12-10-213 must accompany and be submitted to the commission with the application for renewal or reinstatement. For persons who did not submit certification verifying compliance with section 12-10-213 at the time a license was renewed or reinstated on an inactive status, written certification verifying completion for the previous licensing period of the continuing education requirements set forth in that section must accompany and be submitted with any future application to reactivate the license. The commission may, by rule, establish procedures to facilitate such a renewal. In the absence of any reason or condition that might warrant the refusal of the granting of a license or the revocation thereof, the commission shall issue a new license upon receipt by the commission of the written request of the applicant and the appropriate fees required by this section. Applications for renewal will be accepted thirty days prior to January 1.

(III) A person who fails to renew a license before January 1 of the year succeeding the year of the expiration of the license may reinstate the license as follows:

(A) If proper application is made within thirty-one days after the date of expiration, by payment of the regular renewal fee;

(B) If proper application is made more than thirty-one days but within one year after the date of expiration, by payment of the regular renewal fee and payment of a reinstatement fee equal to one-half the regular renewal fee;

(C) If proper application is made more than one year but within three years after the date of expiration, by payment of the regular renewal fee and payment of a reinstatement fee equal to the regular renewal fee.

(IV) The commission may, by rule, establish procedures to facilitate the transition of the reinstatement license periods described in subsections (4)(a)(III)(A) to (4)(a)(III)(C) of this section from an anniversary expiration date to a December 31 expiration date.

(b) Any reinstated license shall be effective only as of the date of reinstatement. Any person who fails to apply for reinstatement within three years after the expiration of a license shall, without exception, be treated as a new applicant for licensure.

(c) All reinstatement fees shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the fees to the division of real estate cash fund, as established by section 12-10-215.

(5) The suspension, expiration, or revocation of a real estate broker's license shall automatically inactivate every real estate broker's license where the holder of the license is shown in the commission records to be in the employ of the broker whose license has expired or has been suspended or revoked pending notification to the commission by the employed licensee of a change of employment.
C.R.S. § 12-20-402 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 20 / Part 4 / Section 12-20-402
12-20-402. Immunity
Status: in_force

12-20-402. Immunity. (1) The director, any member of a board or commission, any member of a regulator's staff, any person acting as a witness or consultant to a regulator, any witness testifying in a proceeding authorized by a part or article of this title 12 governing a particular profession or occupation, and any person who lodges a complaint pursuant to a part or article of this title 12 governing a particular profession or occupation is immune from liability in any civil action brought against the individual for acts occurring while acting in the individual's capacity as director, board or commission member, staff, consultant, or witness, respectively, if the individual:

(a) Was acting in good faith within the scope of the individual's respective capacity;

(b) Made a reasonable effort to obtain the facts of the matter as to which the individual acted; and

(c) Acted in the reasonable belief that the action taken by the individual was warranted by the facts.

(2) Any person participating in good faith in lodging or making a complaint or report or participating in any investigative or administrative proceeding pursuant to a part or article of this title 12 governing a particular profession or occupation is immune from any civil or criminal liability that may result from that participation; except that a person participating as described in this subsection (2) under article 135 of this title 12 concerning mortuaries and crematories is immune from only civil liability.

(3) (a) The immunity granted by subsection (1) of this section to a witness testifying in a proceeding does not apply to proceedings under article 310 of this title 12 concerning surgical assistants and surgical technologists.

(b) The immunity granted by subsection (1) of this section to a person who lodges a complaint does not apply to proceedings under:

(I) Article 130 of this title 12 concerning landscape architects; or

(II) Article 230 of this title 12 concerning hearing aid providers.

(4) This section does not apply to articles 140 and 150 of this title 12 concerning nontransplant tissue banks and passenger tramways, respectively.
C.R.S. § 12-165-101 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 165 / Section 12-165-101
12-165-101. Short title
Status: in_force

12-165-101. Short title. The short title of this article 165 is the "Radon Measurement and Mitigation Licensing Act".
C.R.S. § 12-285-119 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 285 / Part 1 / Section 12-285-119
12-285-119. Continuing professional competency - definition - rules
Status: in_force

12-285-119. Continuing professional competency - definition - rules. (1) (a) A licensed physical therapist shall maintain continuing professional competency to practice.

(b) The board shall adopt rules establishing a continuing professional competency program. The rules shall set forth the following elements:

(I) A self-assessment of the knowledge and skills of a physical therapist seeking to renew or reinstate a license;

(II) Development, execution, and documentation of a learning plan based on the assessment; and

(III) Periodic demonstration of knowledge and skills through documentation of professional development activities necessary to ensure at least minimal ability to safely practice the profession; except that a licensed physical therapist need not retake any examination required by section 12-285-110 for initial licensure.

(c) The board shall establish that a licensed physical therapist satisfies the continuing competency requirements of this section if the physical therapist meets the continuing professional competency requirements of one of the following entities:

(I) A state department, including continuing professional competency requirements imposed through a contractual arrangement with a provider;

(II) An accrediting body recognized by the board; or

(III) An entity approved by the board.

(d) (I) After the program is established, a licensed physical therapist shall satisfy the requirements of the program in order to renew or reinstate a license to practice physical therapy.

(II) The requirements of this section apply to individual licensed physical therapists, and nothing in this section requires a person who employs or contracts with a physical therapist to comply with the requirements of this section.

(e) Professional development activities must be measured by a contact-hour-to-credit-hour ratio.

(2) Records of assessments or other documentation developed or submitted in connection with the continuing professional competency program are confidential and not subject to inspection by the public or discovery in connection with a civil action against a licensed physical therapist. A person or the board shall not use the records or documents unless used by the board to determine whether a licensed physical therapist is maintaining continuing professional competency to engage in the profession.

(3) As used in this section, "continuing professional competency" means the ongoing ability of a physical therapist to learn, integrate, and apply the knowledge, skill, and judgment to practice as a physical therapist according to generally accepted standards and professional ethical standards.
C.R.S. § 12-315-110 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 315 / Part 1 / Section 12-315-110
12-315-110. License renewal - waiver - rules - continuing education
Status: in_force

12-315-110. License renewal - waiver - rules - continuing education. (1) All licenses issued pursuant to this part 1 are subject to the renewal, expiration, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202 (1) and (2). A person whose license expires is subject to the penalties provided in this part 1 or section 12-20-202 (1).

(2) The board, by rule, may waive a licensed veterinarian's renewal fee while the licensee is on active duty with any branch of the armed services of the United States. The period during which the renewal fee is waived cannot exceed the longer of three years or the duration of a national emergency.

(3) (a) (I) In order to obtain license renewal, each licensee, except as otherwise provided, must complete a board-approved veterinary continuing educational program of at least thirty-two hours biennially. The courses may be taken at any time during the period since the license was last renewed and before the license is due to be renewed. The licensee shall provide satisfactory proof of the completion of all delinquent continuing education requirements. For good cause, the board may prescribe the type and character of continuing education courses to be taken by any doctor of veterinary medicine in order to comply with the requirements of this part 1.

(II) The board-approved continuing educational program must:

(A) Require two hours of jurisprudence on the "Colorado Veterinary Practice Act" biennially;

(B) Permit a licensee to take up to sixteen hours of continuing education courses in nonbiomedical topics, which topics may include client communication, management, leadership, and other topics that support veterinary practice and a highly functional veterinary workforce; and

(C) Require two hours each licensing period on topics related to the delegation of tasks and the supervision of veterinary technicians, veterinary technician specialists, and other personnel.

(b) The board shall have the authority to excuse licensees, as groups or individuals, from biennially continuing educational requirements for a good and sufficient reason.

(c) The board may employ qualified personnel to aid in the implementation of this section.

(4) On and after July 1, 2024, as a condition of renewal of a license, each veterinarian shall attest that the veterinarian is in compliance with section 12-280-403 (2)(a) and that the veterinarian is aware of the penalties for noncompliance with that section.
C.R.S. § 12-295-107 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 295 / Section 12-295-107
12-295-107. Examinations - issuance of license after examination
Status: in_force

12-295-107. Examinations - issuance of license after examination. (1) All applicants, unless licensed by endorsement, shall be required to pass a written examination.

(2) Examinations shall be held within the state, at least once a year, at such times and places as the board shall determine.

(3) The board shall issue a license to each applicant who passes the examination and who is not otherwise disqualified to receive a license under the provisions of this article 295.
C.R.S. § 12-275-109 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 275 / Section 12-275-109
12-275-109. Volunteer optometrist license
Status: in_force

12-275-109. Volunteer optometrist license. (1) A person licensed to practice optometry pursuant to this article 275 may apply to the board for volunteer licensure status. The board shall designate the form and manner of the application. The board may:

(a) Grant the application by issuing a volunteer license; or

(b) Deny the application if the licensee has been disciplined for any of the causes set forth in section 12-275-120.

(2) A person applying for a license under this section:

(a) Must either:

(I) Hold an active and unrestricted license to practice optometry in Colorado and be in active practice in this state; or

(II) Have been on inactive status pursuant to section 12-20-203 for not more than two years; and

(b) Shall:

(I) Pay a reduced license fee in lieu of the fee authorized by section 12-20-105. The director shall reduce the volunteer optometrist license fee from the license fee charged pursuant to sections 12-20-202 and 12-275-115 (1).

(II) Attest that, after a date certain, the applicant will no longer earn income as an optometrist;

(III) Maintain liability insurance as provided in section 12-275-128; and

(IV) Comply with the continuing education requirements established in section 12-275-115 (3); except that the board may establish lesser continuing education requirements for volunteer licensees.

(3) The face of each volunteer license issued pursuant to this section shall plainly indicate the volunteer status of the licensee.

(4) The board may conduct disciplinary proceedings pursuant to section 12-275-122 against any person licensed under this section for an act committed while the person was licensed pursuant to this section.

(5) A person licensed under this section may apply to the board for a return to active licensure status by filing an application in the form and manner designated by the board. The board may approve the application and issue a license to practice optometry or may deny the application if the licensee has been disciplined for or engaged in any of the activities set forth in section 12-275-120.

(6) An optometrist with a volunteer license shall provide optometry services only if the services are performed on a limited basis for no fee or other compensation.
C.R.S. § 12-240-138 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 240 / Section 12-240-138
12-240-138. Professional service corporations, limited liability companies, and registered l
Status: in_force

12-240-138. Professional service corporations, limited liability companies, and registered limited liability partnerships for the practice of medicine - definitions. (1) Persons licensed to practice medicine by the board may form professional service corporations for such persons' practice of medicine under the "Colorado Business Corporation Act", articles 101 to 117 of title 7, if the corporations are organized and operated in accordance with the provisions of this section. The articles of incorporation of the corporations shall contain provisions complying with the following requirements:

(a) The name of the corporation shall contain the words "professional company" or "professional corporation" or abbreviations thereof.

(b) The corporation is organized solely for the purpose of permitting individuals to conduct the practice of medicine through a corporate entity, so long as all the individuals are actively licensed physicians or physician assistants in the state of Colorado.

(c) The corporation may exercise the powers and privileges conferred upon corporations by the laws of Colorado only in furtherance of and subject to its corporate purpose.

(d) (I) Except as specified in subsection (1)(d)(II) of this section, all shareholders of the corporation are persons licensed by the board to practice medicine in the state of Colorado who at all times own their shares in their own right; except that one or more persons licensed by the board as a physician assistant may be a shareholder of the corporation as long as the physician shareholders maintain majority ownership of the corporation. The shareholders shall be individuals who, except for illness, accident, time spent in the armed services, on vacations, and on leaves of absence not to exceed one year, are actively engaged in the practice of medicine or as a physician assistant in the offices of the corporation.

(II) If a person licensed to practice medicine who was a shareholder of the corporation dies, an heir to the deceased shareholder may become a shareholder of the corporation for up to two years, regardless of whether the heir is licensed to practice medicine. Unless the deceased shareholder was the only shareholder of the corporation, the heir who becomes a shareholder shall be a nonvoting shareholder in all matters concerning the corporation. If the heir of the deceased shareholder ceases to be a shareholder, the shares shall be disposed of pursuant to subsection (1)(e) of this section.

(e) Provisions shall be made requiring any shareholder who ceases to be or for any reason is ineligible to be a shareholder to dispose of all of his or her shares forthwith, either to the corporation or to any person having the qualifications described in subsection (1)(d) of this section.

(f) The president shall be a shareholder and a director and, to the extent possible, all other directors and officers shall be persons having the qualifications described in subsection (1)(d) of this section. Lay directors, officers, and heirs of deceased shareholders shall not exercise any authority whatsoever over the independent medical judgment of persons licensed by the board to practice medicine in this state. Notwithstanding sections 7-108-103 to 7-108-106 relating to the terms of office and classification of directors, a professional service corporation for the practice of medicine may provide in the articles of incorporation or the bylaws that the directors may have terms of office of up to six years and that the directors may be divided into classes, with the terms of each class staggered to provide for the periodic election of less than all the directors. Nothing in this article 240 shall be construed to cause a professional service corporation to be vicariously liable to a patient or third person for the professional negligence or other tortious conduct of a physician who is a shareholder or employee of a professional service corporation.

(g) An heir to a deceased shareholder who becomes a shareholder shall be liable only to the same extent as the deceased shareholder would have been in his or her capacity as a shareholder, had he or she lived and remained a shareholder, for all acts, errors, and omissions of the employees of the corporation.

(h) The articles of incorporation provide and all shareholders of the corporation agree that all shareholders of the corporation are jointly and severally liable for all acts, errors, and omissions of the employees of the corporation or that all shareholders of the corporation are jointly and severally liable for all acts, errors, and omissions of the employees of the corporation, except during periods of time when each licensee who is a shareholder or any employee of the corporation has a professional liability policy insuring himself or herself and all employees who are not licensed pursuant to this article 240 who act at his or her direction, in the amount of fifty thousand dollars for each claim and an aggregate top limit of liability per year for all claims of one hundred fifty thousand dollars, or the corporation maintains in good standing professional liability insurance that meets the following minimum standards:

(I) The insurance insures the corporation against liability imposed upon the corporation by law for damages resulting from any claim made against the corporation arising out of the performance of professional services for others by those officers and employees of the corporation who are licensees.

(II) The policies insure the corporation against liability imposed upon it by law for damages arising out of the acts, errors, and omissions of all nonprofessional employees.

(III) The insurance is in an amount for each claim of at least fifty thousand dollars multiplied by the number of licensees employed by the corporation. The policy may provide for an aggregate top limit of liability per year for all claims of one hundred fifty thousand dollars also multiplied by the number of licensees employed by the corporation, but no firm shall be required to carry insurance in excess of three hundred thousand dollars for each claim with an aggregate top limit of liability for all claims during the year of nine hundred thousand dollars.

(IV) The policy may provide that it does not apply to: Any dishonest, fraudulent, criminal, or malicious act or omission of the insured corporation or any stockholder or employee thereof; the conduct of any business enterprise, as distinguished from the practice of medicine, in which the insured corporation under this section is not permitted to engage but which nevertheless may be owned by the insured corporation or in which the insured corporation may be a partner or which may be controlled, operated, or managed by the insured corporation in its own or in a fiduciary capacity, including the ownership, maintenance, or use of any property in connection therewith; when not resulting from breach of professional duty, bodily injury to, or sickness, disease, or death of any person, or to injury to or destruction of any tangible property, including the loss of use thereof; and the policy may contain reasonable provisions with respect to policy periods, territory, claims, conditions, and other usual matters.

(2) The corporation shall do nothing that, if done by a licensee employed by the corporation, would violate the standards of professional conduct as provided for in section 12-240-121. Any violation of this section by the corporation is grounds for the board to revoke or suspend the license of the person or persons responsible for the violation.

(3) Nothing in this section diminishes or changes the obligation of each licensee employed by the corporation to conduct his or her practice in accordance with the standards of professional conduct provided for in section 12-240-121. Any licensee who, by act or omission, causes the corporation to act or fail to act in a way that violates the standards of professional conduct, including any provision of this section, is personally responsible for such act or omission and is subject to discipline for the act or omission.

(4) Nothing in this section modifies the physician-patient privilege specified in section 13-90-107 (1)(d).

(5) A professional service corporation may adopt a pension, cash profit sharing, deferred profit sharing, health and accident, insurance, or welfare plan for all or part of its employees including lay employees if the plan does not require or result in the sharing of specific or identifiable fees with lay employees, and if any payments made to lay employees, or into any plan in behalf of lay employees, are based upon their compensation or length of service, or both, rather than the amount of fees or income received.

(6) (a) Corporations shall not practice medicine. Nothing in this section shall be construed to abrogate a cause of action against a professional corporation for its independent acts of negligence.

(b) Employment of a physician in accordance with section 25-3-103.7 shall not be considered the corporate practice of medicine.

(7) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Articles of incorporation" includes operating agreements of limited liability companies and partnership agreements of registered limited liability partnerships.

(b) "Corporation" includes a limited liability company organized under the "Colorado Limited Liability Company Act", article 80 of title 7, and a limited liability partnership registered under section 7-60-144 or 7-64-1002; except that the name of an entity other than a corporation shall contain the word "professional" or the abbreviation "prof." in addition to any other words required by the statute under which the entity is organized.

(c) "Director" and "officer" of a corporation includes a member and a manager of a limited liability company and a partner in a registered limited liability partnership.

(d) "Employees" includes employees, members, and managers of a limited liability company and employees and partners of a registered limited liability partnership.

(e) "President" includes all managers, if any, of a limited liability company and all partners in a registered limited liability partnership.

(f) "Share" includes a member's rights in a limited liability company and a partner's rights in a registered limited liability partnership.

(g) "Shareholder" includes a member of a limited liability company and a partner in a registered limited liability partnership.
C.R.S. § 12-150-101 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 150 / Section 12-150-101
12-150-101. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

12-150-101. Legislative declaration. In order to assist in safeguarding life, health, property, and the welfare of this state, it is the policy of the state of Colorado to establish a board empowered to prevent unnecessary mechanical hazards in the operation of passenger tramways and to assure that reasonable design and construction are used for, that accepted safety devices and sufficient personnel are provided for, and that periodic inspections and adjustments are made that are deemed essential to the safe operation of, passenger tramways.
C.R.S. § 12-280-132 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 280 / Part 1 / Section 12-280-132
12-280-132. Advertising of prescription drug prices
Status: in_force

12-280-132. Advertising of prescription drug prices. A prescription drug outlet may advertise its prices for prescription drugs. If the drug is advertised by its brand or proprietary name, the prescription drug outlet shall also include its generic name in the advertisement.
C.R.S. § 12-270-114 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 270 / Section 12-270-114
12-270-114. Grounds for discipline - disciplinary proceedings - definitions - judicial revie
Status: in_force

12-270-114. Grounds for discipline - disciplinary proceedings - definitions - judicial review. (1) The director may take disciplinary action against a licensee if the director finds that the licensee has represented that the licensee is a licensed occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant after the expiration, suspension, or revocation of the licensee's license.

(2) The director may take disciplinary or other action as authorized in section 12-20-404 against, or issue a cease-and-desist order under the circumstances and in accordance with the procedures specified in section 12-20-405 to, a licensee in accordance with this section, upon proof that the licensee:

(a) Has engaged in a sexual act with a person receiving services while a therapeutic relationship existed or within six months immediately following termination of the therapeutic relationship. For the purposes of this subsection (2)(a):

(I) "Sexual act" means sexual contact, sexual intrusion, or sexual penetration, as defined in section 18-3-401.

(II) "Therapeutic relationship" means the period beginning with the initial evaluation and ending upon the written termination of treatment.

(b) Has falsified information in an application or has attempted to obtain or has obtained a license by fraud, deception, or misrepresentation;

(c) Is an excessive or habitual user or abuser of alcohol or habit-forming drugs or is a habitual user of a controlled substance, as defined in section 18-18-102 (5), or other drugs having similar effects; except that the director has the discretion not to discipline the licensee if the licensee is participating in good faith in a program to end the use or abuse, which program the director has approved;

(d) (I) Has failed to notify the director, as required by section 12-30-108 (1), of a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral, mental health, or substance use disorder that impacts the licensee's ability to provide occupational therapy services with reasonable skill and safety or that may endanger the health or safety of individuals receiving services;

(II) Has failed to act within the limitations created by a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral, mental health, or substance use disorder that renders the person unable to practice occupational therapy with reasonable skill and safety or that may endanger the health or safety of persons under the licensee's care; or

(III) Has failed to comply with the limitations agreed to under a confidential agreement entered into pursuant to sections 12-30-108 and 12-270-118;

(e) Has violated or aided or abetted or knowingly permitted any person to violate this article 270, an applicable provision of article 20 or 30 of this title 12, a rule adopted under this article 270, or any lawful order of the director;

(f) Has had a license or registration suspended or revoked for actions that are a violation of this article 270;

(g) Has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to a felony or committed an act specified in section 12-270-115. A certified copy of the judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction of the conviction or plea is conclusive evidence of the conviction or plea. In considering the disciplinary action, the director shall be governed by sections 12-20-202 (5) and 24-5-101.

(h) Has fraudulently obtained, furnished, or sold any occupational therapy diploma, certificate, license, or renewal of a license or record, or aided or abetted such act;

(i) Has failed to notify the director of the suspension or revocation of the person's past or currently held license, certificate, or registration required to practice occupational therapy in this or any other jurisdiction;

(j) Has refused to submit to a physical or mental examination when ordered by the director pursuant to section 12-270-117;

(k) Has engaged in any of the following activities and practices:

(I) Ordering or performing, without clinical justification, demonstrably unnecessary laboratory tests or studies;

(II) Administering treatment, without clinical justification, that is demonstrably unnecessary; or

(III) Committing an act or omission that is contrary to generally accepted standards of the practice of occupational therapy;

(l) Has failed to provide adequate or proper supervision of a licensed occupational therapy assistant, of an aide, or of any unlicensed person in the occupational therapy practice;

(m) Has failed to make essential entries on client records or falsified or made incorrect entries of an essential nature on client records;

(n) Has committed abuse of health insurance as set forth in section 18-13-119 (3);

(o) Has committed a fraudulent insurance act, as described in section 10-1-128; or

(p) Has otherwise violated this article 270 or any lawful order or rule of the director.

(3) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (2) of this section, the director need not find that the actions that are grounds for discipline were willful but may consider whether the actions were willful when determining the nature of disciplinary sanctions to be imposed.

(4) (a) The director may commence a proceeding to discipline a licensee when the director has reasonable grounds to believe that the licensee has committed an act or omission described in this section or has violated a lawful order or rule of the director.

(b) In any proceeding under this section, the director may accept as evidence of grounds for disciplinary action any disciplinary action taken against a licensee or registrant in another jurisdiction if the violation that prompted the disciplinary action in the other jurisdiction would be grounds for disciplinary action under this article 270.

(5) (a) The director shall conduct disciplinary proceedings in accordance with section 12-20-403 and article 4 of title 24. The director may exercise all powers and duties conferred by this article 270 during the disciplinary proceedings.

(b) No later than thirty days after the date of the director's action, the director shall notify a licensee disciplined under this section of the action taken, the specific charges giving rise to the action, and the licensee's right to request a hearing on the action taken. The director shall provide the notice by sending a certified letter to the most recent address provided to the director by the licensee.

(c) Within thirty days after the director sends the notice described in subsection (5)(b) of this section, the licensee may file a written request with the director for a hearing on the action taken. Upon receipt of the request, the director shall grant a hearing to the licensee. If the licensee fails to file a written request for a hearing within thirty days, the action of the director becomes final on the thirty-first day after the director sent the notice described in subsection (5)(b) of this section.

(d) A licensee's failure to appear at a hearing without good cause is deemed a withdrawal of the licensee's request for a hearing, and the director's action becomes final on the hearing date. The director's failure to appear at a hearing without good cause is deemed cause to dismiss the proceeding.

(6) The director may seek an injunction in accordance with section 12-20-406 to enjoin a person from committing an act prohibited by this article 270.

(7) In accordance with section 12-20-403, this article 270, and article 4 of title 24, the director is authorized to investigate, hold hearings, and gather evidence in all matters related to the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the director.

(8) A final action of the director is subject to judicial review pursuant to section 12-20-408.

(9) An employer of a licensee shall report to the director any disciplinary action taken against the licensee or the resignation of the licensee in lieu of disciplinary action for conduct that violates this article 270.

(10) The director may issue cease-and-desist orders under the circumstances and in accordance with the procedures specified in section 12-20-405.

(11) The director may send a letter of admonition to a licensee under the circumstances specified in and in accordance with section 12-20-404 (4).

(12) The director may send a confidential letter of concern to a licensee under the circumstances specified in section 12-20-404 (5).
C.R.S. § 12-235-111 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 235 / Section 12-235-111
12-235-111. Grounds for discipline - definitions
Status: in_force

12-235-111. Grounds for discipline - definitions. (1) The director is authorized to take disciplinary action pursuant to section 12-235-112 against any person who has:

(a) Advertised, represented, or held himself or herself out as a licensed massage therapist after the expiration, suspension, or revocation of his or her license;

(b) Engaged in a sexual act with a client while a therapeutic relationship exists. For the purposes of this subsection (1)(b):

(I) "Sexual act" means sexual contact, sexual intrusion, or sexual penetration as defined in section 18-3-401.

(II) "Therapeutic relationship" means the period of time commencing with the initial session of massage and ending upon written termination of the relationship from either party.

(c) Failed to refer a patient to a general health-care practitioner when the services required by the client are beyond the level of competence of the massage therapist or beyond the scope of massage practice;

(d) Falsified information in any application; attempted to obtain or obtained a license by fraud, deception, or misrepresentation; engaged in fraud, misrepresentation, deception, or cheating in taking or furnishing the results of the examination required by section 12-235-108 (1)(b); or had the person's score on the examination required by section 12-235-108 (1)(b) invalidated by the testing provider because the person was determined to have cheated or engaged in fraud, misrepresentation, or deception in taking the examination;

(e) Fraudulently obtained or furnished a massage therapy license; a renewal or reinstatement of a license, diploma, certificate, or record; or aided and abetted any of those acts;

(f) A substance use disorder, as defined in section 27-81-102, or a dependence on or addiction to alcohol or any habit-forming drug, or who abuses or engages in the habitual or excessive use of any habit-forming drug or any controlled substance as defined in section 18-18-102 (5), but the director may take into account the licensee's participation in a substance use disorder treatment program when considering disciplinary action;

(g) (I) Failed to notify the director of a physical condition, physical illness, or behavioral, mental health, or substance use disorder that affects the licensee's ability to treat clients with reasonable skill and safety or that may endanger the health or safety of clients receiving massage services from the licensee;

(II) Failed to act within the limitations created by a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral, mental health, or substance use disorder that renders the licensee unable to practice massage therapy with reasonable skill and safety or that may endanger the health or safety of persons under his or her care; or

(III) Failed to comply with the limitations agreed to under a confidential agreement entered pursuant to sections 12-30-108 and 12-235-117;

(h) Refused to submit to a physical or mental examination when so ordered by the director pursuant to section 12-235-114;

(i) Failed to notify the director, in writing, of the entry of a final judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction in favor of any party and against the licensee for malpractice of massage therapy or any settlement by the licensee in response to charges or allegations of malpractice of massage therapy. The notice shall be given within ninety days after the entry of the judgment or settlement and, in the case of a judgment, shall contain the name of the court, the case number, and the names of all parties to the action.

(j) Been convicted of, pled guilty or nolo contendere to, or received a deferred sentence for a felony or a crime for which the act giving rise to the crime was related to the practice of massage therapy or was perpetrated against a massage client during a therapeutic relationship, as defined in subsection (1)(b)(II) of this section; or committed any act specified in this section. A certified copy of a document from a court of competent jurisdiction documenting a conviction or entry of a plea is conclusive evidence of the conviction or plea. In considering the disciplinary action, the director shall be governed by the provisions of sections 12-20-202 (5) and 24-5-101.

(k) Advertised, represented, held himself or herself out in any manner, or used any designation in connection with his or her name as a massage therapist without being licensed or exempt pursuant to this article 235;

(l) Violated or aided or abetted a violation of any provision of this article 235, an applicable provision of article 20 or 30 of this title 12, any rule adopted under this article 235, or any lawful order of the director;

(m) Been convicted of, pled guilty or nolo contendere to, or received a deferred sentence for a charge of unlawful sexual behavior as defined in section 16-22-102, any prostitution-related offense, or any human-trafficking-related offense as described in sections 18-3-503 and 18-3-504, whether or not the act was committed in Colorado;

(n) Failed to report to the director the surrender of a massage therapy license, certification, or registration to, or an adverse action taken against a license, certification, or registration by, a licensing agency in another state, territory, or country, a governmental agency, a law enforcement agency, or a court for acts that constitute grounds for discipline under this article 235;

(o) Committed an act that does not meet, or failed to perform an act necessary to meet, generally accepted standards of massage therapy care;

(p) Used fraudulent, coercive, or dishonest practices, or demonstrated incompetence or untrustworthiness, in this state or elsewhere; or

(q) Exposed an intimate part of his or her body to the view of a client or any person present with the client, or performed an act of masturbation in the presence of a client. For the purposes of this subsection (1)(q):

(I) "Intimate part" means the external genitalia, the perineum, the anus, the buttocks, the pubes, or the breast of any person.

(II) "Masturbation" means the real or simulated touching, rubbing, or otherwise stimulating of a person's own genitals or pubic area, regardless of whether the genitals or pubic area is exposed or covered.
C.R.S. § 12-220-204 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 220 / Part 2 / Section 12-220-204
12-220-204. Board panels
Status: in_force

12-220-204. Board panels. (1) The chairperson of the board shall divide the members of the board, other than the chairperson, into two panels of six members each.

(2) Each panel shall act as both an inquiry panel and a hearing panel. The chairperson may reassign members of the board from one panel to the other. The chairperson may be a member of both panels, but neither the chairperson nor any other member who has considered a complaint as a member of a panel acting as an inquiry panel shall take any part in the consideration of a formal complaint involving the same matter.

(3) If the inquiry panel refers a matter for formal hearing, the hearing panel or a committee of the hearing panel shall hear the matter. However, in its discretion, either inquiry panel may elect to refer a case for formal hearing to a qualified administrative law judge in lieu of a hearing panel of the board for an initial decision pursuant to section 24-4-105.

(4) A licensee who is the subject of an initial decision by an administrative law judge, or by the hearing panel that would have heard the case upon its own motion, may seek review of the initial decision pursuant to section 24-4-105 (14) and (15) by filing an exception to the initial decision with the hearing panel that would have heard the case if it had not been referred to an administrative law judge. The respondent or the board's counsel may file the exception.

(5) The inquiry panel to whom an investigation is assigned shall supervise the investigation, and the person conducting the investigation shall report the results of the investigation to the panel for appropriate action.
C.R.S. § 12-220-408 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 220 / Part 4 / Section 12-220-408
12-220-408. Renewal of dental and dental hygienist licenses - fees - questionnaire
Status: in_force

12-220-408. Renewal of dental and dental hygienist licenses - fees - questionnaire. (1) Licenses issued pursuant to this article 220 are subject to the renewal, expiration, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202 (1) and (2). Any person whose license expires is subject to the penalties provided in this article 220 or section 12-20-202 (1).

(2) (a) On and after July 1, 2023, the board shall require a dentist who applies for license renewal to complete a questionnaire that requires the dentist to indicate whether the dentist has complied with section 12-30-111 and is in compliance with section 12-280-403 (2)(a). The failure of an applicant to answer the questionnaire accurately constitutes grounds for discipline pursuant to section 12-220-201.

(b) The board shall include on the questionnaire a question regarding whether:

(I) The dentist has complied with section 12-30-111; and

(II) The dentist is in compliance with section 12-280-403 (2)(a) and is aware of the penalties for failing to comply with that section.

(c) On and after July 1, 2024, as a condition of renewal of a license, each dentist shall attest that the dentist is in compliance with section 12-280-403 (2)(a) and that the dentist is aware of the penalties for noncompliance with that section.
C.R.S. § 12-250-108 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 250 / Section 12-250-108
12-250-108. Registration renewal or reinstatement - fees
Status: in_force

12-250-108. Registration renewal or reinstatement - fees. A registration issued pursuant to this article 250 is subject to the renewal, expiration, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202 (1) and (2). A person whose registration expires is subject to the penalties provided in this article 250 or section 12-20-202 (1).
C.R.S. § 12-220-502 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 220 / Part 5 / Section 12-220-502
12-220-502. Construction of dental devices by unlicensed technician
Status: in_force

12-220-502. Construction of dental devices by unlicensed technician. (1) (a) A licensed dentist who uses the services of an unlicensed technician for the purpose of constructing, altering, repairing, or duplicating any denture, bridge, splint, or orthodontic or prosthetic appliance shall furnish the unlicensed technician with a written or electronic laboratory work order in a form approved by the board, which form shall be dated and signed by the dentist for each separate and individual piece of work. The dentist shall make the laboratory work order in a reproducible form, and the dentist and the unlicensed technician shall each retain a copy in a permanent file for two years. The permanent files of the licensed dentist and the unlicensed technician must be open to inspection at any reasonable time by the board or its duly constituted agent. The licensed dentist that furnishes the laboratory work order must have appropriate training, education, and experience related to the prescribed treatment and is responsible for directly supervising all intraoral treatment rendered to the patient.

(b) An unlicensed technician that possesses a valid laboratory work order may provide extraoral construction, manufacture, fabrication, supply, or repair of identified dental and orthodontic devices but shall not provide intraoral service in a human mouth except under the direct supervision of a licensed dentist in accordance with section 12-220-501 (3)(d).

(2) If the dentist fails to keep permanent records of laboratory work orders as required in subsection (1)(a) of this section, the dentist is subject to disciplinary action as deemed appropriate by the board.

(3) If an unlicensed technician fails to have in the technician's possession a laboratory work order signed by a licensed dentist with each denture, bridge, splint, or orthodontic or prosthetic appliance in the technician's possession, the absence of the laboratory work order is prima facie evidence of a violation of this section and constitutes the practice of dentistry without an active license in violation of, and subject to the penalties specified in, section 12-220-211.
C.R.S. § 12-225-101 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 225 / Section 12-225-101
12-225-101. Scope of article - exemptions - legislative declaration
Status: in_force

12-225-101. Scope of article - exemptions - legislative declaration. (1) (a) This article 225 applies only to direct-entry midwives and does not apply to those persons who are otherwise licensed by the state of Colorado under this title 12 if the practice of midwifery is within the scope of that licensure.

(b) (I) A person who is a certified nurse-midwife authorized pursuant to section 12-255-111, a certified midwife authorized pursuant to section 12-255-111.5, or a physician as provided in article 240 of this title 12 shall not simultaneously be so licensed and also be registered under this article 225. A physician, certified nurse-midwife, or certified midwife who holds a license in good standing may relinquish the license and subsequently be registered under this article 225.

(II) A direct-entry midwife shall not represent oneself as a nurse-midwife, certified nurse-midwife, or certified midwife.

(III) The fact that a direct-entry midwife may hold a practical or professional nursing license does not expand the scope of practice of the direct-entry midwife.

(IV) The fact that a practical or professional nurse may be registered as a direct-entry midwife does not expand the scope of practice of the nurse.

(c) It is the intent of the general assembly that health care be provided pursuant to this article 225 as an alternative to traditional licensed health care and not for the purpose of enabling providers of traditional licensed health care to circumvent the regulatory oversight to which they are otherwise subject under any other part or article of this title 12.

(2) Nothing in this article 225 shall be construed to prohibit, or to require registration under this article 225, with regard to:

(a) The gratuitous rendering of services in an emergency;

(b) The rendering of services by a physician licensed pursuant to article 240 of this title 12 or otherwise legally authorized to practice in this state;

(c) The rendering of services by certified nurse-midwives or certified midwives properly licensed and practicing in accordance with part 1 of article 255 of this title 12; or

(d) The practice by persons licensed or registered under any law of this state, in accordance with that law, to practice a limited field of the healing arts not specifically designated in this section.
C.R.S. § 12-205-105 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 205 / Section 12-205-105
12-205-105. Use of titles restricted
Status: in_force

12-205-105. Use of titles restricted. Only a person licensed as an athletic trainer may use the title "athletic trainer" or "licensed athletic trainer", the letters "A.T." or "A.T.C." as a title, or any other generally accepted terms, letters, or figures that indicate that the person is an athletic trainer.
C.R.S. § 12-285-117 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 285 / Part 1 / Section 12-285-117
12-285-117. Scope of article - exclusions
Status: in_force

12-285-117. Scope of article - exclusions. (1) Nothing contained in this article 285 prohibits:

(a) The practice of physical therapy by students enrolled in an accredited physical therapy or physical therapist assistant program and performing under the direct supervision of a physical therapist currently licensed in this state;

(b) The practice of physical therapy in this state by any legally qualified physical therapist from another state or country whose employment requires the physical therapist to accompany and care for a patient temporarily residing in this state, but the physical therapist shall not provide physical therapy services for any other individuals nor shall the person represent or hold himself or herself out as a physical therapist licensed to practice in this state;

(c) The administration of massage, external baths, or exercise that is not a part of a physical therapy regimen;

(d) Any person registered, certified, or licensed in this state under any other law from engaging in the practice for which the person is registered, certified, or licensed;

(e) The practice of physical therapy in this state by a legally qualified physical therapist from another state or country when providing services in the absence of a physical therapist licensed in this state, so long as the unlicensed physical therapist is acting in accordance with rules established by the board. A person shall not practice without a license under this subsection (1)(e) for more than four weeks' duration or more than once in any twelve-month period.

(f) The practice of physical therapy in this state by a legally qualified physical therapist from another state or country for the purpose of participating in an educational program of not more than sixteen weeks' duration;

(g) The provision of physical therapy services in this state by an individual from another country who is engaged in a physical therapy-related educational program if the program is sponsored by an institution, agency, or individual approved by the board, the program is under the direction and supervision of a physical therapist licensed in this state, and the program does not exceed twelve consecutive months' duration without the specific approval of the board;

(h) The practice of any physical therapist licensed in this state or any other state or territory of the United States who is employed by the United States government or any bureau, division, or agency thereof while within the course and scope of the physical therapist's official duties.
C.R.S. § 12-235-113 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 235 / Section 12-235-113
12-235-113. Cease-and-desist orders
Status: in_force

12-235-113. Cease-and-desist orders. The director may issue cease-and-desist orders under the circumstances and in accordance with the procedures specified in section 12-20-405.
C.R.S. § 12-205-117 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 205 / Section 12-205-117
12-205-117. Repeal of article - review of functions
Status: repealed

12-205-117. Repeal of article - review of functions. This article 205 is repealed, effective September 1, 2031, and the powers, duties, and functions of the director specified in this article 205 are repealed on that date. Before the repeal, the powers, duties, and functions of the director are scheduled for review in accordance with section 24-34-104.
C.R.S. § 12-220-106 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 220 / Part 1 / Section 12-220-106
12-220-106. Powers and duties of board - rules - limitation on authority
Status: in_force

12-220-106. Powers and duties of board - rules - limitation on authority. (1) The board shall exercise, in accordance with this article 220, the following powers and duties:

(a) Make, publish, declare, and periodically review reasonable rules pursuant to section 12-20-204, including rules regarding:

(I) The use of lasers for dental, dental therapy, and dental hygiene purposes within defined scopes of practice, subject to appropriate education and training, and with appropriate supervision, as applicable;

(II) Minimum training, experience, and equipment requirements to obtain an anesthesia or sedation permit under section 12-220-411;

(III) Criteria and procedures consistent with section 12-220-411 for an office inspection program to be completed upon application and renewal of sedation and anesthesia permits pursuant to section 12-220-411;

(IV) A uniform system and schedule of fines pursuant to section 12-220-202 (5)(b);

(V) The granting of temporary licenses, which rules must include, but not be limited to, restrictions with respect to effective dates, areas of practice that may be performed, and licensing fees that may be charged to the applicant;

(b) (I) (A) Conduct hearings in accordance with section 12-20-403 to revoke, suspend, or deny the issuance of a license or renewal of a license granted under the authority of this article 220 or of previous laws;

(B) Issue a confidential letter of concern in accordance with section 12-20-404 (5);

(C) Issue a letter of admonition in accordance with section 12-20-404 (4);

(D) Impose an administrative fine in accordance with sections 12-20-404 (1)(c) and 12-220-202 (5)(b); or

(E) Reprimand, censure, or, in accordance with section 12-20-404 (1)(b), place a licensee on probation when evidence has been presented showing a violation of this article 220 by a holder of or an applicant for a license.

(II) The board may elect to hear the matter itself pursuant to section 12-220-202 (1), or it may elect to hear the matter with the assistance of an administrative law judge or an advisory attorney from the office of the attorney general, and, in such case, the advisor or administrative law judge shall advise the board on legal and procedural matters and rule on evidence and otherwise conduct the course of the hearing.

(c) Conduct investigations in accordance with section 12-20-403 and inspections for compliance with the provisions of this article 220;

(d) Grant and issue licenses and renewal certificates in conformity with this article 220 to applicants the board has found to be qualified. The board may also grant and issue temporary licenses in accordance with rules adopted under subsection (1)(a)(V) of this section.

(e) Through the department and subject to appropriations made to the department, employ hearing officers or administrative law judges on a full-time or part-time basis to conduct any hearings required by this article 220;

(f) In accordance with section 12-220-411, issue anesthesia and sedation permits to licensed dentists, dental therapists, and dental hygienists and set and collect fees for permit issuance.

(2) The board may recognize those dental specialties defined by the American Dental Association.

(3) To facilitate the licensure of qualified applicants, the board may establish a subcommittee of at least six board members to perform licensing functions in accordance with this article 220. Four subcommittee members constitute a quorum of the subcommittee. The chairperson of the board may serve on a subcommittee as deemed necessary by the chairperson. Any action taken by a quorum of the subcommittee constitutes action by the board.

(4) The authority granted the board under this article 220 does not authorize the board to arbitrate or adjudicate fee disputes between licensees or between a licensee and any other party.
C.R.S. § 12-315-114 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 315 / Part 1 / Section 12-315-114
12-315-114. Unauthorized practice - penalties
Status: in_force

12-315-114. Unauthorized practice - penalties. (1) No person who practices veterinary medicine without a currently valid license may receive any compensation for services so rendered.

(2) Any person who practices or offers or attempts to practice veterinary medicine without an active license issued under this part 1 is subject to penalties pursuant to section 12-20-407 (1)(a).

(3) The board or a citizen of this state may bring an action to enjoin a person from practicing veterinary medicine without a currently valid license. If the court finds that the person is violating, or is threatening to violate, this part 1, the court may enter an injunction restraining the person from the unlawful acts.

(4) The successful maintenance of an action based on any one of the remedies set forth in this section shall in no way prejudice the prosecution of an action based on any other of the remedies.
C.R.S. § 12-115-107 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 115 / Section 12-115-107
12-115-107. Board powers and duties - rules - definition
Status: in_force

12-115-107. Board powers and duties - rules - definition. (1) (a) The board, annually in the month of July, shall elect from its membership a chair and vice-chair. The board shall meet at least annually and at such other times as it deems necessary.

(b) A majority of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of all business.

(2) In addition to all other powers and duties conferred or imposed upon the board by this article 115, the board is authorized to:

(a) (I) Adopt, and from time to time revise, rules pursuant to section 12-20-204. In adopting the rules, the board shall be governed when appropriate by the standards in the most current edition of the national electrical code or by any modifications to the standards made by the board after a hearing is held pursuant to the provisions of article 4 of title 24. These standards are adopted as the minimum standards governing the planning, laying out, and installing or the making of additions, alterations, and repairs in the installation of wiring apparatus and equipment for electric light, heat, and power in this state. A copy of the code shall be kept in the office of the board and open to public inspection. Nothing contained in this section prohibits any city, town, county, city and county, or qualified state institution of higher education from making and enforcing any such standards that are more stringent than the minimum standards adopted by the board, and any city, town, county, city and county, or qualified state institution of higher education that adopts more stringent standards shall furnish a copy thereof to the board. The standards adopted by the board shall be prima facie evidence of minimum approved methods of construction for safety to life and property. The affirmative vote of two-thirds of all appointed members of the board is required to set any standards that are different from those set forth in the national electrical code. If requested in writing, the board shall send a copy of newly adopted standards and rules to any interested party at least thirty days before the implementation and enforcement of the standards or rules. The copies may be furnished for a fee established pursuant to section 12-20-105.

(II) In the event of a conflict between the 2021 international energy conservation code, the 2024 international energy conservation code, the model electric ready and solar ready code developed by the energy code board pursuant to section 24-38.5-401 (5), or any energy codes adopted by either a local government or divisions in the executive branch of state government and the national electrical code or the standards adopted by the board pursuant to this subsection (2)(a), the national electrical code or the standards adopted by the board pursuant to this subsection (2)(a) prevail.

(b) Register apprentices and register and renew the registration of qualified electrical contractors and examine, license, and renew licenses of journeymen electricians, master electricians, and residential wiremen as provided in this article 115;

(c) Cause the prosecution and enjoinder, in accordance with section 12-20-406, of all persons violating this article 115 and incur necessary expenses therefor;

(d) Inspect and approve or disapprove the installation of electrical wiring, renewable energy systems, apparatus, or equipment for electric light, heat, and power according to the minimum standards in the national electrical code or as prescribed in this article 115. With respect to:

(I) An inverter-based hydroelectric energy facility generating one hundred kilowatts or less, regardless of whether the facility is connected to utility or other distribution lines, an inspector shall inspect a hydroelectric energy installation in accordance with the minimum standards set forth in the edition of the national electrical code in effect on May 29, 2015; however, if a micro hydro assembly manufactured for the purpose of generating electricity in a micro hydro system uses an inverter that is listed and identified for interconnection service, the inspector shall deem the system's equipment compliant with section 705.4 of the edition of the national electrical code in effect on May 29, 2015. For purposes of this subsection (2)(d), a "micro hydro system" means a hydroelectric generation system that generates one hundred kilowatts or less.

(II) An induction-based hydroelectric energy facility generating one hundred kilowatts or less, regardless of whether the facility is connected to utility or other distribution lines, the installation of a hydroelectric energy turbine, induction generator, and control panel shall be certified:

(A) To a listing standard by a field evaluation body or nationally recognized testing laboratory; or

(B) By a professional engineer, by means of signing and stamping documentation of the project, as required in a form and manner determined by the board, indicating that the installation meets design criteria set forth in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) standard for interconnecting distributed resources with electric power systems.

(e) Apply any hydroelectric energy provisions of an updated national electrical code, notwithstanding any provision in subsection (2)(d) of this section to the contrary, if the national electrical code is updated to address hydroelectric energy specifically;

(f) Regulate a licensed master electrician, journeyman electrician, or residential wireman who, acting within his or her scope of competence, supervises a solar photovoltaic installation pursuant to section 40-2-128. On and after January 1, 2020, all photovoltaic electrical work for installations of at least three hundred kilowatts, including the interconnection of the modules, grounding of the modules, any balance of system wiring, and the customer-side point of connection to the utility grid, must be performed by a licensed master electrician, licensed journeyman electrician, licensed residential wireman, or properly supervised electrical apprentices and must comply with all applicable requirements of this article 115, including sections 12-115-109 and 12-115-115, and all applicable rules of the board.

(g) Review and approve or disapprove requests for exceptions to the national electrical code in unique construction situations where a strict interpretation of the code would result in unreasonable operational conditions or unreasonable economic burdens, as long as public safety is not compromised;

(h) Conduct investigations and hearings and gather evidence in accordance with the provisions of sections 12-20-403 and 24-4-105;

(i) Enter into reciprocal licensing agreements with the electrical board, or its equivalent, of another state or states where the qualifications for electrical licensing are substantially equivalent to licensure requirements in Colorado;

(j) Find, upon holding a hearing, that an incorporated town or city, county, city and county, or qualified state institution of higher education fails to meet the minimum requirements of this article 115 if the local inspection authority, including a qualified state institution of higher education, has failed to adopt or adhere to the minimum standards required by this article 115 within twelve months after the board has adopted the standards by rule pursuant to this subsection (2);

(k) Issue an order to cease and desist from issuing permits or performing inspections under this article 115 to an incorporated town or city, county, city and county, or qualified state institution of higher education upon finding that the public entity or qualified state institution of higher education fails to meet the minimum requirements of this article 115 pursuant to subsection (2)(j) of this section;

(l) Apply to a court to enjoin an incorporated town or city, county, city and county, or qualified state institution of higher education from violating an order issued pursuant to subsection (2)(k) of this section.

(3) (a) No later than September 1, 2023, the board shall promulgate rules requiring that, to obtain an electrical permit under this article 115 on or after March 1, 2024, a permit applicant must comply with the EV power transfer infrastructure requirements for multifamily buildings in the model electric ready and solar ready code.

(b) (I) If the rules adopted in accordance with this subsection (3) conflict with a provision of the building or zoning code, the rules prevail unless the provision provides for greater access to parking supplied by EV power transfer infrastructure than is required by the rules.

(II) If a provision of a local building or zoning code prevents a project or development from complying with the rules adopted in accordance with this subsection (3), then the rules prevail.

(c) (I) This subsection (3) applies to electrical permits for new construction of or for major renovations of multifamily buildings that must comply with the EV power transfer infrastructure requirements of the model electric ready and solar ready code.

(II) The board and the department shall not enforce the rules promulgated under subsection (3)(a) of this section before March 1, 2024.

(III) If an electrical permit application is submitted to a local electrical inspection authority before the enforcement date in subsection (3)(c)(II) of this section but an electrical permit has not yet been issued, the local electrical inspection authority may determine how to apply the requirements of the rules developed in accordance with subsection (3)(a) of this section.

(IV) If a site development plan application is submitted to a local government and has been approved by March 1, 2024, the local government may determine how to apply the requirements of the rules developed in accordance with subsection (3)(a) of this section.

(d) (I) In promulgating the rules required under subsection (3)(a) of this section, the board shall ensure all requirements adopted in the rules are in compliance with the requirements of the national electrical code, as amended under subsection (2)(a)(I) of this section.

(II) Within ninety days after any update made by the energy code board to the EV power transfer infrastructure requirements for multifamily housing in the model electric ready and solar ready code, the board shall update the rules promulgated under subsection (3)(a) of this section with the same changes. The board shall not enforce the updated rules until two hundred seventy days after the updated rules are adopted.

(III) The rules promulgated under subsection (3)(a) of this section do not supersede or preempt the safety requirements of other building codes, whether promulgated by an agency of the state of Colorado or of a local government.

(e) Any installations or upgrades performed in accordance with the rules promulgated under this subsection (3) on the load side of the utility meter must comply with this article 115, including subsection (2)(a) of this section, which requires compliance with the national electrical code, and sections 12-115-109 and 12-115-115, and all rules of the board.

(f) For all electric vehicle infrastructure or charging stations owned by an electric utility, the utility shall comply with section 40-5-107 (3)(b).

(g) As used in this subsection (3) and in subsection (4) of this section:

(I) "Electric vehicle charging system" has the meaning set forth in section 38-12-601 (6)(a).

(II) "EV power transfer infrastructure" means any system that is used to charge electric vehicles and that is addressed in or required by the model electric ready and solar ready code.

(III) "Major renovations" means renovations that change a minimum of fifty percent or more of the parking area.

(IV) "Model electric ready and solar ready code" means the code developed by the energy code board under section 24-38.5-401 (5)(a) to make buildings electric ready as specified in section 24-38.5-401 (5)(b).

(4) (a) Notwithstanding any authority granted to the board by this section, the board shall not promulgate rules prohibiting the installation of electric vehicle charging systems unless the rules are narrowly drafted to address a bona fide safety concern.

(b) Any rule promulgated by the board that prohibits the installation of electric vehicle charging systems is subject to judicial review as authorized in article 4 of title 24.
C.R.S. § 12-105-115 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 105 / Section 12-105-115
12-105-115. Licensure by endorsement
Status: in_force

12-105-115. Licensure by endorsement. The director shall issue a license by endorsement to engage in the practice of barbering, cosmetology, hairstyling, manicuring, or esthetician services in this state to an applicant who satisfies the requirements of the occupational credential portability program.
C.R.S. § 12-215-116 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 215 / Part 1 / Section 12-215-116
12-215-116. Mental and physical examination of licensees
Status: in_force

12-215-116. Mental and physical examination of licensees. (1) If the board has reasonable cause to believe a licensee is unable to practice with reasonable skill and safety, it may require the licensee to take a mental or physical examination given by a physician or other qualified provider designated by the board. If the licensee refuses to undergo the examination or to release all medical records necessary to determine the licensee's ability to practice safely, unless the refusal or failure is due to circumstances beyond the licensee's control, the board may suspend the licensee's license until the results of the examination are known and the board has made a determination of the licensee's fitness to practice. The board shall proceed with an order for examination and make its determination in a timely manner.

(2) An order for examination issued by the board pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall include the board's reasons for believing the licensee is unable to practice with reasonable skill and safety.

(3) For purposes of any disciplinary proceeding authorized under this article 215, a licensee shall be deemed to have waived all objections to the admissibility of an examining physician's testimony and examination reports on the basis of privilege.

(4) A licensee may submit to the board testimony and examination reports received from a physician chosen by the licensee, if the testimony and reports pertain to a condition that the board has alleged may preclude the licensee from practicing with reasonable skill and safety.

(5) The results of a mental or physical examination ordered by the board shall not be used as evidence in any proceeding other than one held before the board and shall not be a public record nor made available to the public.
C.R.S. § 12-300-106 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 300 / Section 12-300-106
12-300-106. Limitations on authority
Status: in_force

12-300-106. Limitations on authority. Nothing in this article 300 shall be construed as authorizing a respiratory therapist to perform the practice of medicine, surgery, or any other form of healing except as authorized by the provisions of this article 300.
C.R.S. § 12-135-112 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 135 / Part 1 / Section 12-135-112
12-135-112. Standards of practice - embalming - transporting
Status: repealed

12-135-112. Standards of practice - embalming - transporting. (1) A funeral establishment that performs embalming shall:

(a) Repealed.

(b) Employ universal biological hazard precautions;

(c) Employ reasonable care to minimize the risk of transmitting communicable diseases from human remains;

(d) Be equipped with instruments and supplies necessary to protect the health and safety of the public and employees of the funeral establishment; and

(e) Transport human remains in a safe and sanitary manner.

(2) A funeral establishment that transports human remains shall:

(a) Use a motor vehicle that is appropriate for the transportation of human remains; and

(b) Transport human remains in a safe and sanitary manner.

(3) A funeral establishment shall remove any implanted device in human remains before transporting the body to a crematory.

(4) A funeral establishment shall maintain a sanitary preparation room with sanitary flooring, drainage, ventilation, and refrigeration and other equipment necessary to maintain sanitary conditions.
C.R.S. § 12-30-121 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 30 / Part 1 / Section 12-30-121
12-30-121. Legally protected health-care activity - prohibit adverse action against regulat
Status: in_force

12-30-121. Legally protected health-care activity - prohibit adverse action against regulated professionals and applicants - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Civil judgment" means a final court decision and order resulting from a civil lawsuit or a settlement in lieu of a final court decision.

(b) "Criminal judgment" means a guilty verdict, a plea of guilty, a plea of nolo contendere, pretrial diversion, or a deferred judgment or sentence resulting from criminal charges or criminal proceedings or the dismissal of charges or the decision not to prosecute charges.

(c) "Gender-affirming health-care services" means all supplies, care, and services of a medical, behavioral health, mental health, psychiatric, habilitative, surgical, therapeutic, diagnostic, preventive, rehabilitative, or supportive nature relating to the treatment of gender dysphoria.

(d) "Legally protected health-care activity" means seeking, providing, receiving, or referring for; assisting in seeking, providing, or receiving; or providing material support for or traveling to obtain gender-affirming health-care services or reproductive health care that is not unlawful in this state, including on any theory of vicarious, joint, several, or conspiracy liability. As it relates to the provision of or referral for gender-affirming health-care services or reproductive health by a health-care provider licensed in this state and physically present in this state, the services and care are considered a "legally protected health-care activity" if the service or care is lawful in this state, regardless of the patient's location.

(e) "Reproductive health care" means health care and other medical services related to the reproductive processes, functions, and systems at all stages of life. It includes, but is not limited to, family planning and contraceptive care; gender-affirming health-care services; abortion care; prenatal, postnatal, and delivery care; fertility care; sterilization services; and treatments for sexually transmitted infections and reproductive cancers.

(2) A regulator shall not deny licensure, certification, or registration to an applicant or impose disciplinary action against an individual's license, certificate, or registration based solely on:

(a) The applicant's, licensee's, certificant's, or registrant's provision of, or assistance in the provision of, a legally protected health-care activity in this state or any other state or United States territory, so long as the care provided was consistent with generally accepted standards of practice under Colorado law and did not otherwise violate Colorado law;

(b) A civil judgment or criminal judgment against the applicant, licensee, certificant, or registrant arising from the provision of, or assistance in the provision of, a legally protected health-care activity in this state or any other state or United States territory, so long as the care provided was consistent with generally accepted standards of practice under Colorado law and did not otherwise violate Colorado law;

(c) A professional disciplinary action or any other sanction against or suspension, revocation, surrender, or relinquishment of the applicant's, licensee's, certificant's, or registrant's professional license, certification, or registration in this state or any other state or United States territory, so long as:

(I) The professional disciplinary action is based solely on the applicant's, licensee's, certificant's, or registrant's provision of, or assistance in the provision of, a legally protected health-care activity; and

(II) The care provided was consistent with generally accepted standards of practice under Colorado law and did not otherwise violate Colorado law;

(d) The applicant's, licensee's, certificant's, or registrant's own personal effort to seek or engage in a legally protected health-care activity in this state or any other state or United States territory; or

(e) A civil or criminal judgment against the applicant, licensee, certificant, or registrant arising from the individual's own personal legally protected health-care activity in this state or any other state or United States territory.
C.R.S. § 12-105-117 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 105 / Section 12-105-117
12-105-117. License required
Status: in_force

12-105-117. License required. It is unlawful for any person to engage in, or attempt to engage in, the occupation of barbering, hairstyling, or cosmetology or to provide esthetician or nail technician services in this state unless the person first obtains a license as provided in this article 105.
C.R.S. § 12-165-109 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 165 / Section 12-165-109
12-165-109. Insurance required
Status: in_force

12-165-109. Insurance required. (1) A licensee shall not engage in radon measurement or radon mitigation activities, as applicable, unless the licensee maintains professional liability insurance that:

(a) Is issued by an insurance company authorized by the division of insurance to transact insurance business in this state;

(b) Is in effect at all times during the license period;

(c) Provides for general liability coverage in an amount of at least:

(I) Two hundred fifty thousand dollars for radon measurement professionals; and

(II) Five hundred thousand dollars for radon mitigation professionals; and

(d) Lists the division of insurance as a certificate holder.
C.R.S. § 12-215-115 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 215 / Part 1 / Section 12-215-115
12-215-115. Discipline of licensees - suspension, revocation, denial, and probation - ground
Status: repealed

12-215-115. Discipline of licensees - suspension, revocation, denial, and probation - grounds - definitions. (1) Upon any of the following grounds, the board may take disciplinary or other action as specified in section 12-20-404 or impose conditions on a licensee's license:

(a) Using fraud, misrepresentation, or deceit in applying for, securing, renewing, or seeking reinstatement of a license or in taking an examination provided for in this article 215;

(b) An act or omission that constitutes negligent chiropractic practice or fails to meet generally accepted standards of chiropractic practice;

(c) Conviction of a felony or any crime that would constitute a violation of this article 215. For purposes of this subsection (1), "conviction" includes the acceptance of a guilty plea or a plea of nolo contendere or the imposition of a deferred sentence.

(d) Habitual or excessive use or abuse by the licensee of alcohol, a controlled substance, as defined in section 18-18-102 (5), or a habit-forming drug;

(e) Repealed.

(f) Disobedience to a lawful rule or order of the board;

(g) Persisting in maintaining an unsanitary office or practicing under unsanitary conditions after warning from the board;

(h) False or misleading advertising;

(i) Failure to report malpractice judgments or settlements within sixty days;

(j) Violation of abuse of health insurance pursuant to section 18-13-119 or commission of a fraudulent insurance act, as defined in section 10-1-128;

(k) Treating a patient by colonic irrigation or allowing colonic irrigation to be performed at the licensee's premises;

(l) Practicing with a suspended or expired license;

(m) Willfully deceiving or attempting to deceive the board or its agents with reference to any matter under investigation by the board;

(n) Practicing under an assumed name;

(o) Unethical advertising, as defined in subsection (5) of this section, or advertising through any medium that the licensee will perform an act prohibited by section 18-13-119 (3);

(p) Violating or aiding any person to violate this article 215 or an applicable provision of article 20 or 30 of this title 12;

(q) Knowingly practicing in the employment of or in association with any person who is practicing in an unlawful or unprofessional manner;

(r) Offering, giving, or receiving commissions, rebates, or other forms of remuneration for the referral of clients; except that a licensee may compensate an independent advisory or marketing agent for advertising or marketing services, which services may include the referral of patients identified through the services, and a licensee may give an incidental gift to a patient in appreciation for a referral;

(s) Conducting any enterprise other than the regular practice of chiropractic whereby the holder's license is used as a means of attracting patients or attaining prestige or patronage in the conduct of the enterprise;

(t) Permitting the practice of chiropractic, the holding out of the practice, or the maintenance of an office for the practice by an unlicensed person in association with himself or herself;

(u) Engaging in any of the following activities and practices: Willful and repeated ordering or performance, without clinical justification, of demonstrably unnecessary laboratory tests or studies; the administration, without clinical justification, of treatment that is demonstrably unnecessary; the failure to obtain consultations or perform referrals when failing to do so is not consistent with the standard of care for the profession; or ordering or performing, without clinical justification, any service, X ray, or treatment that is contrary to recognized standards of the practice of chiropractic as interpreted by the board;

(v) Falsifying or making incorrect essential entries or failing to make essential entries on patient records;

(w) Violating section 8-42-101 (3.6);

(x) Violating section 12-215-202 or any rule adopted pursuant to that section;

(y) Failing to report to the board the surrender of a license to, or adverse action taken against a license by, a licensing agency in another state, territory, or country, a governmental agency, a law enforcement agency, or a court for acts or conduct that would constitute grounds for discipline pursuant to this article 215;

(z) Engaging in a sexual act with a patient during the course of the patient's care or within six months immediately following the termination of the chiropractor's professional relationship with the patient. "Sexual act", as used in this subsection (1)(z), means sexual contact, sexual intrusion, or sexual penetration, as defined in section 18-3-401.

(aa) Abandoning a patient by any means, including, but not limited to, failing to provide a referral to another chiropractor or other appropriate health-care practitioner when the referral was necessary to meet generally accepted standards of chiropractic care;

(bb) Failing to provide adequate or proper supervision when employing unlicensed persons in a chiropractic practice;

(cc) Failing to:

(I) Notify the board, as required by section 12-30-108 (1), of a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral health or mental health disorder that makes the chiropractor unable to render chiropractic services with reasonable skill and safety to patients;

(II) Act within the limitations created by a physical illness, physical condition, or behavioral health or mental health disorder that makes the licensee unable to render chiropractic services with reasonable skill and safety to patients;

(III) Comply with the limitations agreed to under a confidential agreement;

(dd) Performing a procedure in the course of patient care that is beyond the chiropractor's training or competence or the scope of authorized chiropractic services under this article 215;

(ee) Failing to respond to a board-generated complaint letter.

(2) In addition to any other penalty that may be imposed pursuant to this section, a chiropractor violating any provision of this article 215 or any rule promulgated pursuant to this article 215 may be fined no less than one thousand dollars for a first violation proven by the board, up to three thousand dollars for a second violation proven by the board, and up to five thousand dollars for a third or subsequent violation proven by the board. The board shall establish guidelines for the imposition of the fines.

(3) Disciplinary action taken against a licensee's ability to practice in another state or country shall be prima facie evidence of a violation of this article 215 and shall constitute grounds for discipline if the acts giving rise to the disciplinary action would violate this article 215 if committed in this state.

(4) The board may send a confidential letter of concern to the licensee under the circumstances specified in section 12-20-404 (5).

(5) For purposes of this section, the term "unethical advertising" includes advertising through any form of media that:

(a) Contains false or misleading statements;

(b) Holds out or promises cures or guarantees results; or

(c) Contains claims that cannot be substantiated by standard laboratory or diagnostic procedures.

(6) Any doctor of chiropractic proven to be incompetent or negligent may be required to take an examination, given by the board, in the subjects outlined in section 12-215-106. In addition, the board may order the doctor of chiropractic to take such therapy or courses of training or education as may be needed to correct deficiencies found in the hearing.

(7) In the event any person holding a license to practice chiropractic in this state is determined to be mentally incompetent or insane by a court of competent jurisdiction and a court enters, pursuant to part 3 or 4 of article 14 of title 15 or section 27-65-110 (4) or 27-65-127, an order specifically finding that the mental incompetency or insanity is of such a degree that the person holding a license is incapable of continuing to practice chiropractic, the person's license shall automatically be suspended by the board, and, anything in this article 215 to the contrary notwithstanding, the suspension must continue until the licensee is found by the court to be competent to practice chiropractic.
C.R.S. § 12-275-129 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 275 / Section 12-275-129
12-275-129. Judgments and settlements - reporting
Status: in_force

12-275-129. Judgments and settlements - reporting. Any final judgment, settlement, or arbitration award against an optometrist for malpractice shall be reported within fourteen days by the optometrist's malpractice insurance carrier in accordance with section 10-1-125 or by the optometrist if no commercial malpractice insurance coverage is involved to the board for review, investigation, and, where appropriate, disciplinary or other action. Any optometrist who knowingly fails to report as required by this section shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars. The penalty shall be determined and collected in an action brought by the board in the district court in the city and county of Denver, which court shall have exclusive jurisdiction in such matters. All penalties collected pursuant to this section shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the general fund.
C.R.S. § 12-10-205 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 10 / Part 2 / Section 12-10-205
12-10-205. Licenses - issuance - contents - display
Status: in_force

12-10-205. Licenses - issuance - contents - display. The commission shall make available for each licensee a license in such form and size as the commission shall prescribe and adopt. The real estate license shall show the name of the licensee and shall have imprinted thereon the seal, or a facsimile, of the department and, in addition to the foregoing, shall contain such other matter as the commission shall prescribe.
C.R.S. § 12-285-206 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 285 / Part 2 / Section 12-285-206
12-285-206. Certification by endorsement
Status: in_force

12-285-206. Certification by endorsement. An applicant may obtain certification by endorsement if the applicant satisfies the requirements of the occupational credential portability program.
C.R.S. § 12-275-115 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 275 / Section 12-275-115
12-275-115. License renewal - questionnaire - continuing education
Status: in_force

12-275-115. License renewal - questionnaire - continuing education. (1) Licenses issued under this article 275 are subject to the renewal, expiration, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202 (1) and (2). Any person whose license has expired shall be subject to the penalties provided in this article 275 or section 12-20-202 (1).

(2) (a) The board shall establish a questionnaire to accompany the renewal form. The board shall design the questionnaire to determine if the licensee has acted in violation of or has been disciplined for actions that might be considered as violations of this article 275 or that might make the licensee unfit to practice optometry with reasonable care and safety. The board shall include on the questionnaire a question regarding whether the licensee has complied with section 12-30-111 and is in compliance with section 12-280-403 (2)(a). Failure of the applicant to answer the questionnaire accurately constitutes unprofessional conduct as specified in section 12-275-120.

(b) On and after July 1, 2024, as a condition of renewal of a license, each licensee shall attest that the licensee is in compliance with section 12-280-403 (2)(a) and that the licensee is aware of the penalties for noncompliance with that section.

(3) Effective April 1, 1993, in addition to all other requirements of this section for license renewal, the board shall require that each optometrist seeking to renew a license shall have completed twenty-four hours of board-approved continuing education. Any optometrist desiring to renew a license to practice optometry in this state shall submit to the board the information the board believes is necessary to show that the optometrist has fulfilled the continuing education requirements of this subsection (3). Implementation of this subsection (3) shall occur within existing appropriations.
C.R.S. § 12-205-115 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 205 / Section 12-205-115
12-205-115. Unauthorized practice - penalties
Status: in_force

12-205-115. Unauthorized practice - penalties. A person who practices or offers or attempts to practice athletic training without an active license issued under this article 205 is subject to penalties pursuant to section 12-20-407 (1)(b).
C.R.S. § 12-135-801 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 135 / Part 8 / Section 12-135-801
12-135-801. Practice of an embalmer described
Status: in_force

12-135-801. Practice of an embalmer described. (1) The practice of an embalmer consists of engaging in, offering to engage in, or attempting to engage in the following acts for compensation:

(a) Temporarily disinfecting and preserving human remains by chemically treating the human remains to:

(I) Reduce the presence and growth of organisms; or

(II) Retard organic decomposition;

(b) Disinfecting and preserving human remains by the use of or application of chemical substances that are ordinarily used for, prepared for, or intended for disinfection or preservation by:

(I) Introducing the chemical substances into the human remains by vascular or hypodermic injection; or

(II) Directly introducing chemical substances into the organs or cavities of the human remains; or

(c) Using the title "embalmer" or any other word or abbreviation to indicate or induce others to believe that one is licensed to practice as an embalmer.

(2) The practice of an embalmer does not include:

(a) Setting features for the purpose of identifying unembalmed human remains; or

(b) Disinfecting human remains through nonarterial methods.
C.R.S. § 12-210-110 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 210 / Part 1 / Section 12-210-110
12-210-110. Cease-and-desist orders - unauthorized practice - penalties
Status: in_force

12-210-110. Cease-and-desist orders - unauthorized practice - penalties. (1) The director may issue cease-and-desist orders under the circumstances and in accordance with the procedures specified in section 12-20-405.

(2) A person who practices or offers or attempts to practice audiology services without an active audiologist license issued under this article 210 is subject to penalties pursuant to section 12-20-407 (1)(a).
C.R.S. § 12-210-102 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 210 / Part 1 / Section 12-210-102
12-210-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

12-210-102. Definitions. As used in this article 210, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Audiologist" means a person engaged in the practice of audiology.

(2) (a) "Hearing aid" means any wearable instrument or device designed or offered to aid or compensate for impaired human hearing and any parts, attachments, or accessories to the instrument or device, including ear molds but excluding batteries and cords.

(b) "Hearing aid" does not include a surgically implanted hearing device.

(3) "Practice of audiology" means:

(a) (I) The application of principles, methods, and procedures related to the development, disorders, and conditions of the human auditory-vestibular system, whether those disorders or conditions are of organic or functional origin, including disorders of hearing, balance, tinnitus, auditory processing, and other neural functions, as those principles, methods, and procedures are taught in accredited programs in audiology.

(II) The principles, methods, or procedures include diagnosis, assessment, measurement, testing, appraisal, evaluation, rehabilitation, treatment, prevention, conservation, identification, consultation, counseling, intervention, management, interpretation, instruction, and research related to hearing, vestibular function, balance and fall prevention, and associated neural systems, and any abnormal condition related to tinnitus, auditory sensitivity, acuity, function or processing, speech, language, or other aberrant behavior resulting from hearing loss, for the purpose of diagnosing, designing, and implementing audiological management and treatment or other programs for the amelioration of human auditory-vestibular system disorders and conditions.

(b) Prescribing, selecting, specifying, evaluating, assisting in the adjustment to, and dispensing of prosthetic devices for hearing loss, including hearing aids and hearing assistive devices by means of specialized audiometric equipment or by any other means accepted by the director;

(c) Determining work-related hearing loss or impairment, as defined by federal regulations;

(d) Prevention of hearing loss; and

(e) Consulting with, and making referrals to, a physician when appropriate.

(4) "Surgically implanted hearing device" means a device that is designed to produce useful hearing sensations to a person with a hearing impairment and that has, as one or more components, a unit that is surgically implanted into the ear, skull, or other interior part of the body. The term includes any associated unit that may be worn on the body.
C.R.S. § 12-30-114 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 30 / Part 1 / Section 12-30-114
12-30-114. Demonstrated competency - opiate prescribers - rules - definition
Status: in_force

12-30-114. Demonstrated competency - opiate prescribers - rules - definition. (1) (a) The regulator for each licensed health-care provider, in consultation with the center for research into substance use disorder prevention, treatment, and recovery support strategies created in section 27-80-118, shall promulgate rules that require each licensed health-care provider, as a condition of renewing, reactivating, or reinstating a license on or after October 1, 2022, to complete up to four credit hours of training per licensing cycle in order to demonstrate competency regarding:

(I) Best practices for opioid prescribing, according to the most recent version of the division's guidelines for the safe prescribing and dispensing of opioids;

(II) The potential harm of inappropriately limiting prescriptions to chronic pain patients;

(III) Best practices for prescribing benzodiazepines;

(IV) Recognition of substance use disorders;

(V) Referral of patients with substance use disorders for treatment; and

(VI) The use of the electronic prescription drug monitoring program created in part 4 of article 280 of this title 12.

(b) The rules promulgated by each regulator shall exempt a licensed health-care provider who:

(I) Maintains a national board certification that requires equivalent substance use prevention training; or

(II) Attests to the regulator that the health-care provider does not prescribe opioids.

(2) For the purposes of this section, "licensed health-care provider" includes any of the following providers who are licensed pursuant to this title 12:

(a) A physician;

(b) A physician assistant;

(c) A podiatrist;

(d) A dentist;

(e) An advanced practice registered nurse or certified midwife with prescriptive authority;

(f) An optometrist; and

(g) A veterinarian.
C.R.S. § 12-310-109 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 310 / Section 12-310-109
12-310-109. Repeal of article - subject to review
Status: repealed

12-310-109. Repeal of article - subject to review. This article 310 is repealed, effective September 1, 2028. Before the repeal, the registration of surgical assistants and surgical technologists is scheduled for review in accordance with section 24-34-104.
C.R.S. § 12-135-102 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 135 / Part 1 / Section 12-135-102
12-135-102. Applicability of common provisions
Status: in_force

12-135-102. Applicability of common provisions. Articles 1 and 20 of this title 12 apply, according to their terms, to this article 135.
C.R.S. § 12-10-730 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 10 / Part 7 / Section 12-10-730
12-10-730. Repeal of part - subject to review
Status: repealed

12-10-730. Repeal of part - subject to review. (1) This part 7 is repealed, effective September 1, 2029.

(2) Before the repeal, the licensing of mortgage loan originators and the registration of mortgage companies is scheduled for review in accordance with section 24-34-104. The department shall include in its review of mortgage loan originators and mortgage companies an analysis of the number and types of complaints made about mortgage loan originators and mortgage companies and whether the licensing of mortgage loan originators and the registration of mortgage companies correlates with public protection from fraudulent activities in the residential mortgage loan industry.
C.R.S. § 12-240-126 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 240 / Section 12-240-126
12-240-126. Confidential agreements to limit practice
Status: in_force

12-240-126. Confidential agreements to limit practice. Section 12-30-108 concerning confidential agreements to limit practice applies to this article 240. An agreement entered into pursuant to section 12-30-108 shall be considered an administrative action by the board.
C.R.S. § 12-165-110 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 165 / Section 12-165-110
12-165-110. Duties of radon professionals - rules
Status: in_force

12-165-110. Duties of radon professionals - rules. (1) A licensed radon measurement professional shall:

(a) Conduct all radon measurements in accordance with the applicable ANSI/AARST radon measurement standard or other applicable national consensus radon measurement standard approved by the director;

(b) Maintain a quality control program plan in accordance with the applicable ANSI/AARST standard;

(c) Ensure all radon measurements are conducted by, or under the direct supervision of, a licensed radon measurement professional;

(d) Use and sell only radon measurement devices approved by the proficiency program that certified the licensee; and

(e) Procure all laboratory analysis through a radon laboratory that is approved by a proficiency program.

(2) A licensed radon mitigation professional shall:

(a) Conduct all radon mitigation in accordance with the applicable ANSI/AARST radon mitigation standard or other applicable national consensus radon mitigation standard approved by the director;

(b) Maintain a quality control program plan in accordance with the applicable ANSI/AARST standard;

(c) Ensure all radon mitigation is conducted by, or under the direct supervision of, a licensed radon mitigation professional; and

(d) Modify and repair all radon mitigation systems in accordance with the applicable ANSI/AARST radon mitigation standard.
C.R.S. § 12-285-123 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 285 / Part 1 / Section 12-285-123
12-285-123. Disciplinary proceedings - investigations - judicial review
Status: in_force

12-285-123. Disciplinary proceedings - investigations - judicial review. (1) The board may commence a proceeding for the discipline of a licensee in accordance with section 12-20-403 when the board has reasonable grounds to believe that a licensee has committed an act enumerated in section 12-285-120.

(2) In any proceeding held under this section, the board may accept as prima facie evidence of grounds for disciplinary action any disciplinary action taken against a licensee from another jurisdiction if the violation that prompted the disciplinary action in that jurisdiction would be grounds for disciplinary action under this article 285.

(3) (a) The board may investigate potential grounds for disciplinary action upon its own motion or when the board is informed of the dismissal of a person licensed under this article 285 if the dismissal was for a matter constituting a violation of this article 285.

(b) A person who supervises a physical therapist shall report to the board when the physical therapist has been dismissed because of incompetence in physical therapy or failure to comply with this article 285. A physical therapist who is aware that another physical therapist is violating this article 285 shall report the violation to the board.

(4) The board may keep any investigation authorized under this article 285 closed until the results of the investigation are known and either the complaint is dismissed or notice of hearing and charges are served upon the licensee.

(5) The board, through the department, may employ administrative law judges appointed pursuant to part 10 of article 30 of title 24, on a full-time or part-time basis, to conduct hearings under this article 285 in accordance with section 12-20-403 (3).

(6) Final action of the board may be judicially reviewed in accordance with section 12-20-408, and judicial proceedings for the enforcement of an order of the board may be instituted in accordance with section 24-4-106.

(7) The board may issue cease-and-desist orders under the circumstances and in accordance with the procedures specified in section 12-20-405.
C.R.S. § 12-290-115 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 290 / Part 1 / Section 12-290-115
12-290-115. Judicial review
Status: in_force

12-290-115. Judicial review. Section 12-20-408 governs judicial review of all final actions and orders of the board that are subject to judicial review.
C.R.S. § 12-280-135 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 280 / Part 1 / Section 12-280-135
12-280-135. Unused medication - licensed facilities - correctional facilities - reuse - defi
Status: in_force

12-280-135. Unused medication - licensed facilities - correctional facilities - reuse - definitions - rules. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Correctional facility" means a facility under the supervision of the United States, the department of corrections, or a similar state agency or department in a state other than Colorado in which persons are or may be lawfully held in custody as a result of conviction of a crime; a jail or an adult detention center of a county, city, or city and county; and a private contract prison operated by a state, county, city, or city and county.

(b) "Licensed facility" means a hospital, hospital unit, behavioral health safety net provider, hospice, nursing care facility, assisted living residence, or any other facility that is required to be licensed pursuant to section 25-3-101 or a licensed long-term care facility as defined in section 25-1-124 (2.5)(b).

(c) "Medical device" means an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, or similar or related article that is required to be labeled pursuant to 21 CFR 801.

(d) "Medical supply" means a consumable supply item that is disposable and not intended for reuse.

(e) "Medication" means a prescription that is not a controlled substance.

(2) (a) (I) If donated by the patient, the resident, or the patient's or resident's next of kin, a licensed facility may return unused medications or medical supplies and used or unused medical devices to a pharmacist within the licensed facility or a prescription drug outlet in order for the materials to be redispensed to another patient or donated to a nonprofit entity that has the legal authority to possess the materials or to a practitioner authorized by law to dispense the materials.

(II) (A) A licensed facility or a prescription drug outlet may donate materials to a nonprofit entity that has legal authority to possess the materials or to a person legally authorized to dispense the materials. A licensed pharmacist shall review the process of donating the unused medications to the nonprofit entity.

(B) Nothing in this subsection (2)(a)(II) creates or abrogates any liability on behalf of a prescription drug manufacturer for the storage, donation, acceptance, or dispensing of a medication or product or creates any civil cause of action against a prescription drug manufacturer in addition to that which is available under applicable law.

(C) A person or entity is not subject to civil or criminal liability or professional disciplinary action for donating, accepting, dispensing, or facilitating the donation of materials in good faith, without negligence, and in compliance with this section.

(III) A correctional facility may return unused medications or medical supplies and used or unused medical devices to the pharmacist within the correctional facility or a prescription drug outlet in order for the medication to be redispensed to another patient or donated to a nonprofit entity that has the legal authority to possess the materials or to a practitioner authorized by law to prescribe the materials.

(b) Medications are only available to be dispensed to another person or donated to a nonprofit entity under this section if the medications are:

(I) Liquid and the vial is still sealed and properly stored;

(II) Individually packaged and the packaging has not been damaged; or

(III) In the original, unopened, sealed, and tamper-evident unit dose packaging.

(c) The following medications may not be donated:

(I) Medications packaged in traditional brown or amber pill bottles;

(II) Controlled substances;

(III) Medications that require refrigeration, freezing, or special storage;

(IV) Medications that require special registration with the manufacturer; or

(V) Medications that are adulterated or misbranded, as determined by a person legally authorized to dispense the medications on behalf of the nonprofit entity.

(3) Medication dispensed or donated pursuant to this section must not be expired. A medication shall not be dispensed that will expire before the use by the patient based on the prescribing practitioner's directions for use.

(4) Medication, medical supplies, and medical devices donated pursuant to this section may not be resold for profit. The entity that receives the donated materials may charge the end user a handling fee, which fee shall not exceed the amount specified by rule of the board.

(5) The board shall adopt rules that allow a pharmacist to redispense medication pursuant to this section and section 25.5-5-502 and to donate medication pursuant to this section.

(6) Nothing in this section or section 25.5-5-502 creates or abrogates any liability on behalf of a prescription drug manufacturer for the storage, donation, acceptance, or dispensing of an unused donated medication or creates any civil cause of action against a prescription drug manufacturer in addition to that which is available under applicable law.
C.R.S. § 12-135-901 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 135 / Part 9 / Section 12-135-901
12-135-901. Practice of a cremationist described - practice of a natural reductionist descri
Status: in_force

12-135-901. Practice of a cremationist described - practice of a natural reductionist described. (1) The practice of a cremationist consists of engaging in, offering to engage in, or attempting to engage in the following acts for compensation:

(a) Preparing human remains for cremation;

(b) Cremating human remains; or

(c) Using any word or abbreviation to indicate or induce others to believe that one is licensed to practice as a cremationist.

(2) The practice of a natural reductionist consists of engaging in, offering to engage in, or attempting to engage in the following acts for compensation:

(a) Preparing human remains for natural reduction;

(b) Natural reduction of human remains; or

(c) Using any other word or abbreviation to indicate or induce others to believe that one is licensed to practice as a natural reductionist.
C.R.S. § 12-250-115 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 250 / Section 12-250-115
12-250-115. Professional liability insurance required - vicarious liability
Status: in_force

12-250-115. Professional liability insurance required - vicarious liability. (1) It is unlawful for a person to practice as a naturopathic doctor in this state unless the person is covered by professional liability insurance in an amount not less than one million dollars.

(2) Professional liability insurance required by this section must cover all acts within the scope of practice of a naturopathic doctor.

(3) A naturopathic doctor is liable for his or her acts or omissions in the performance of naturopathic medicine.
C.R.S. § 12-30-109 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 30 / Part 1 / Section 12-30-109
12-30-109. Prescriptions - limitations - definition - rules
Status: repealed

12-30-109. Prescriptions - limitations - definition - rules. (1) (a) A prescriber shall not prescribe more than a seven-day supply of an opioid to a patient who has not obtained an opioid prescription from that prescriber within the last twelve months and may exercise discretion to include a second fill for a seven-day supply. The limits on initial prescribing do not apply if, in the judgment of the prescriber, the patient:

(I) Has chronic pain that typically lasts longer than ninety days or past the time of normal healing, as determined by the prescriber, or following transfer of care from another prescriber who practices the same profession and who prescribed an opioid to the patient;

(II) Has been diagnosed with cancer and is experiencing cancer-related pain;

(III) Is experiencing post-surgical pain that, because of the nature of the procedure, is expected to last more than fourteen days; or

(IV) Is undergoing palliative care or hospice care focused on providing the patient with relief from symptoms, pain, and stress resulting from a serious illness in order to improve quality of life; except that this subsection (1)(a)(IV) applies only if the prescriber is a physician, a physician assistant, or an advanced practice registered nurse.

(b) Prior to prescribing any opioid or benzodiazepine prescription pursuant to this section, a prescriber must comply with section 12-280-404 (4). Failure to comply with section 12-280-404 (4) constitutes unprofessional conduct or grounds for discipline, as applicable, under section 12-220-201, 12-240-121, 12-245-224, 12-255-120, 12-275-120, 12-290-108, or 12-315-112, as applicable to the particular prescriber, only if the prescriber repeatedly fails to comply.

(2) A prescriber licensed pursuant to article 315 of this title 12 may prescribe opioids and benzodiazepines electronically.

(3) A violation of this section does not create a private right of action or serve as the basis of a cause of action. A violation of this section does not constitute negligence per se or contributory negligence per se and does not alone establish a standard of care. Compliance with this section does not alone establish an absolute defense to any alleged breach of the standard of care.

(4) As used in this section, "prescriber" means:

(a) A dentist licensed pursuant to article 220 of this title 12;

(b) A physician or physician assistant licensed pursuant to article 240 of this title 12;

(c) An advanced practice registered nurse or certified midwife with prescriptive authority pursuant to section 12-255-112;

(d) An optometrist licensed pursuant to article 275 of this title 12;

(e) A podiatrist licensed pursuant to article 290 of this title 12; or

(f) Repealed.

(g) A licensed psychologist with prescriptive authority pursuant to section 12-245-309.

(5) Repealed.

(6) On or before November 1, 2021, the applicable board for each prescriber shall, by rule, limit the supply of a benzodiazepine that a prescriber may prescribe to a patient who has not obtained a benzodiazepine prescription from a prescriber within the last twelve months; except that the rules must not limit the supply of a benzodiazepine prescribed to treat epilepsy, a seizure or seizure disorder, a suspected seizure disorder, spasticity, alcohol withdrawal, or a neurological condition, including a posttraumatic brain injury or catatonia. The rules must allow for appropriate tapering off of benzodiazepines and must not require or encourage abrupt discontinuation or withdrawal of benzodiazepines.

(7) Each prescriber licensed in this state who holds a current registration issued by the federal drug enforcement administration shall register and maintain a user account as specified in section 12-280-403.
C.R.S. § 12-20-404 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 20 / Part 4 / Section 12-20-404
12-20-404. Disciplinary actions - regulator powers - disposition of fines - mistreatment of
Status: repealed

12-20-404. Disciplinary actions - regulator powers - disposition of fines - mistreatment of at-risk adult - exceptions - definitions. (1) General disciplinary authority. If a regulator determines that an applicant, licensee, certificate holder, or registrant has committed an act or engaged in conduct that constitutes grounds for discipline or unprofessional conduct under a part or article of this title 12 governing the particular profession or occupation, the regulator may:

(a) Issue a letter of admonition in accordance with subsection (4) of this section;

(b) (I) Place a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant on probation, except as provided in subsection (1)(b)(II) of this section.

(II) A regulator is not authorized under this subsection (1)(b) to impose probation on a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant regulated under the following:

(A) Article 150 of this title 12 concerning passenger tramways;

(B) Repealed.

(C) Article 255 of this title 12 concerning nurse aides; or

(D) Article 310 of this title 12 concerning surgical assistants and surgical technologists.

(c) (I) Impose an administrative fine, subject to any limitations or requirements specified in the part or article of this title 12 governing a particular profession or occupation and except as provided in subsection (1)(c)(II) of this section.

(II) A regulator is not authorized under this subsection (1)(c) to impose a fine on a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant regulated under the following:

(A) Repealed.

(B) Article 140 of this title 12 concerning nontransplant tissue banks;

(C) Repealed.

(D) Article 205 of this title 12 concerning athletic trainers;

(E) Article 255 of this title 12 concerning nurse aides;

(F) Article 265 of this title 12 concerning nursing home administrators;

(G) Article 270 of this title 12 concerning occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants;

(H) Article 300 of this title 12 concerning respiratory therapists; or

(I) Article 310 of this title 12 concerning surgical assistants and surgical technologists.

(d) (I) Deny, refuse to renew, revoke, or suspend the license, certification, or registration of an applicant, licensee, certificate holder, or registrant, except as provided in subsection (1)(d)(II) of this section.

(II) A regulator is not authorized under this subsection (1)(d) to refuse to renew the license, certification, or registration of a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant regulated under the following:

(A) Article 105 of this title 12 concerning barbers and cosmetologists;

(B) Article 110 of this title 12 concerning combative sports;

(C) Repealed.

(D) Article 140 of this title 12 concerning nontransplant tissue banks;

(E) Article 145 of this title 12 concerning outfitters and guides;

(F) Repealed.

(G) Article 200 of this title 12 concerning acupuncturists;

(H) Article 225 of this title 12 concerning direct-entry midwives;

(I) Article 240 of this title 12 concerning medical practice;

(J) Article 250 of this title 12 concerning naturopathic doctors;

(J.5) Article 255 of this title 12 concerning nurses and certified midwives;

(K) Article 255 of this title 12 concerning nurse aides;

(L) Article 305 of this title 12 concerning speech-language pathologists; or

(M) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (1)(d)(II)(M) is effective until January 1, 2026.] Article 315 of this title 12 concerning veterinarians and veterinary technicians.

(M) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (1)(d)(II)(M) is effective January 1, 2026.] Article 315 of this title 12 concerning veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and veterinary professional associates.

(2) Deferral precluded. (a) When a complaint or investigation discloses an instance of misconduct that, in the opinion of a regulator, warrants formal action, the regulator shall not resolve the complaint by a deferred settlement, action, judgment, or prosecution.

(b) This subsection (2) does not apply to the following:

(I) Repealed.

(II) Article 140 of this title 12 concerning nontransplant tissue banks;

(III) Article 150 of this title 12 concerning passenger tramways; and

(IV) Article 255 of this title 12 concerning nurse aides.

(3) Waiting period after revocation or surrender. (a) (I) Except as provided in subsections (3)(a)(III) and (3)(c) of this section, a person whose license, certification, or registration to practice a profession or occupation under this title 12 is revoked is ineligible to apply for a new license, certification, or registration under the part or article of this title 12 that governs the particular profession or occupation for two years after the date of revocation of the license, certification, or registration.

(II) In addition, the waiting period specified in subsection (3)(a)(I) of this section applies when a person regulated under any of the following articles surrenders a license, certification, or registration to avoid discipline:

(A) Article 105 of this title 12 concerning barbers and cosmetologists;

(B) Article 145 of this title 12 concerning outfitters and guides;

(C) Repealed.

(C.5) Article 165 of this title 12 concerning radon professionals;

(D) Article 200 of this title 12 concerning acupuncturists;

(D.5) Article 205 of this title 12 concerning athletic trainers;

(E) Article 210 of this title 12 concerning audiologists;

(F) Article 230 of this title 12 concerning hearing aid providers;

(G) Article 235 of this title 12 concerning massage therapists;

(H) Article 240 of this title 12 concerning medical practice;

(I) Article 250 of this title 12 concerning naturopathic doctors;

(J) Article 255 of this title 12 concerning nurses, certified midwives, and nurse aides;

(K) Article 270 of this title 12 concerning occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants;

(L) Article 285 of this title 12 concerning physical therapists and physical therapist assistants;

(M) Article 300 of this title 12 concerning respiratory therapists;

(N) Article 305 of this title 12 concerning speech-language pathologists; and

(O) Article 310 of this title 12 concerning surgical assistants and surgical technologists.

(III) (A) For a person whose license as a nursing home administrator issued under article 265 of this title 12 is revoked, the person is ineligible to apply for a new nursing home administrator license under that article for one year after the date of revocation.

(B) For a person whose license, certification, or registration as a mental health professional issued under article 245 of this title 12 is revoked, or who surrenders the license, certification, or registration to avoid discipline, the person is ineligible to apply for a new license, certification, or registration under that article for three years after the date of revocation or surrender.

(b) This subsection (3) applies to a person enrolled as an engineer-intern pursuant to part 2 of article 120 of this title 12 or as a land surveyor-intern under part 3 of article 120 of this title 12.

(c) This subsection (3) does not apply to the following:

(I) Article 110 of this title 12 concerning combative sports;

(II) Repealed.

(III) Article 140 of this title 12 concerning nontransplant tissue banks;

(IV) Article 150 of this title 12 concerning passenger tramways;

(V) Repealed.

(VI) Article 215 of this title 12 concerning chiropractors; and

(VII) Repealed.

(VIII) Article 295 of this title 12 concerning psychiatric technicians.

(IX) Repealed.

(4) Letter of admonition. (a) When a complaint or investigation discloses an instance of misconduct that, in the opinion of a regulator, does not warrant formal action by the regulator but that should not be dismissed as being without merit, the regulator may issue and send a letter of admonition to the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant.

(b) (I) When a regulator sends a letter of admonition to a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant pursuant to subsection (4)(a) of this section, the regulator shall also advise the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant that the person has the right to request in writing, within twenty days after receipt of the letter, that the regulator initiate formal disciplinary proceedings to adjudicate the propriety of the conduct upon which the letter of admonition is based.

(II) If the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant timely requests adjudication, the regulator shall vacate the letter of admonition and shall process the matter by means of formal disciplinary proceedings.

(c) Repealed.

(5) Confidential letter of concern. (a) When a complaint or investigation discloses an instance of conduct that does not warrant formal action by a regulator and, in the opinion of the regulator, should be dismissed, but the regulator has noticed indications of possible errant conduct by the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant that could lead to serious consequences if not corrected, the regulator may or shall, in accordance with the part or article of this title 12 governing the particular profession or occupation, send the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant a confidential letter of concern.

(b) This subsection (5) does not apply to the following:

(I) Repealed.

(II) Article 140 of this title 12 concerning nontransplant tissue banks; and

(III) Article 150 of this title 12 concerning passenger tramways.

(IV) and (V) Repealed.

(6) Disposition of fines. (a) Except as specified in subsection (6)(b) of this section, a regulator shall transmit all fines collected pursuant to a part or article of this title 12 to the state treasurer, who shall credit them to the general fund.

(b) The disposition of fines collected by:

(I) The state electrical board is governed by section 12-115-122 (5)(a);

(II) The director for violations of laws governing the activities of outfitters and guides is governed by section 12-145-110 (3); and

(III) The state plumbing board is governed by section 12-155-123 (4)(a).

(7) Mistreatment of at-risk adult. A licensee, certificate holder, or registrant substantiated in a case of mistreatment of an at-risk adult while performing professional duties shall provide the licensee's, certificate holder's, or registrant's professional license number to county adult protective services, upon request.

(8) Discipline based solely on marijuana activity. (a) Notwithstanding subsection (1) of this section or any other provision in this title 12, a regulator shall not deny licensure, certification, or registration to an applicant or impose disciplinary action against a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant pursuant to subsection (1) of this section based solely on:

(I) A civil or criminal judgment against the applicant, licensee, certificate holder, or registrant regarding the consumption, possession, cultivation, or processing of marijuana, if the underlying action:

(A) Was lawful and consistent with professional conduct and standards of care within Colorado; and

(B) Did not otherwise violate Colorado law;

(II) Previous professional disciplinary action concerning the applicant's, licensee's, certificate holder's, or registrant's professional licensure in this or any other state or territory of the United States, if the professional disciplinary action:

(A) Was based solely on the applicant's, licensee's, certificate holder's, or registrant's consumption, possession, cultivation, or processing of marijuana; and

(B) Did not otherwise violate Colorado law.

(b) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(I) "Civil judgment" means a final court decision and order resulting from a civil lawsuit or a settlement in lieu of a final court decision.

(II) "Criminal judgment" means a guilty verdict, a plea of guilty, a plea of nolo contendere, or a deferred judgment or sentence.
C.R.S. § 12-215-102 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 215 / Part 1 / Section 12-215-102
12-215-102. Applicability of common provisions
Status: in_force

12-215-102. Applicability of common provisions. Articles 1, 20, and 30 of this title 12 apply, according to their terms, to this article 215.
C.R.S. § 12-20-303 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 20 / Part 3 / Section 12-20-303
12-20-303. Continuing education - regulated service members - rules
Status: in_force

12-20-303. Continuing education - regulated service members - rules. (1) An agency may accept, from a person with authority to practice, continuing education, training, or service completed as a member of the armed forces or reserves of the United States, the National Guard of any state, the military reserves of any state, or the naval militia of any state toward the educational qualifications to renew the person's authority to practice.

(2) An agency may promulgate rules establishing educational standards and procedures necessary to implement this section.
C.R.S. § 12-240-116 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 240 / Section 12-240-116
12-240-116. Licensing panel
Status: in_force

12-240-116. Licensing panel. (1) (a) The president of the board shall establish a licensing panel consisting of four members of the board as follows:

(I) One member who is a licensed physician having the degree of doctor of medicine;

(II) One member who is a licensed physician having the degree of doctor of osteopathy;

(III) One member who is a public member of the board; and

(IV) One member who is a physician assistant member of the board.

(b) The president may rotate the licensing panel membership and the membership on the inquiry and hearing panels established pursuant to section 12-240-125 so that all members of the board, including the board president, may serve on each of the board panels.

(c) If the president determines that the board lacks a member to serve on the licensing panel that meets the criteria specified in subsection (1)(a) of this section, the president may appoint another board member to fill the vacancy on the panel.

(2) The licensing panel shall review and make determinations on applications for a license under this article 240.

(3) The licensing panel shall review and resolve matters relating to the unlicensed practice of medicine. If it appears to the licensing panel, based upon credible evidence in a written complaint by any person or upon credible evidence in a motion of the licensing panel, that a person is practicing or has practiced medicine, practiced as a physician assistant, or practiced as an anesthesiologist assistant without a license as required by this article 240, the licensing panel may issue an order to cease and desist the unlicensed practice. The order must set forth the particular statutes and rules that have been violated, the facts alleged to have constituted the violation, and the requirement that all unlicensed practices immediately cease. The respondent may request a hearing on a cease-and-desist order in accordance with section 12-20-405. Section 12-240-125 (9), exempting board disciplinary proceedings and records from open meetings and public records requirements, does not apply to a hearing or any other proceeding held by the licensing panel pursuant to this subsection (3) regarding the unlicensed practice of medicine. The procedures specified in section 12-20-405 apply to allegations and orders regarding the unlicensed practice of medicine before the licensing panel.
C.R.S. § 12-215-110 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 215 / Part 1 / Section 12-215-110
12-215-110. Renewal of license
Status: in_force

12-215-110. Renewal of license. (1) Licenses issued pursuant to this article 215 are subject to the renewal, expiration, reinstatement, and delinquency fee provisions specified in section 12-20-202 (1) and (2). Any person whose license has expired shall be subject to the penalties provided in this article 215 or section 12-20-202 (1).

(2) A renewal fee paid pursuant to section 12-20-202 (1) shall not be refunded.
C.R.S. § 12-280-133 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 280 / Part 1 / Section 12-280-133
12-280-133. Nonresident prescription drug outlet - registration
Status: in_force

12-280-133. Nonresident prescription drug outlet - registration. (1) Any prescription drug outlet located outside this state that ships, mails, or delivers, in any manner, drugs or devices into this state is a nonresident prescription drug outlet and shall register with the board and disclose to the board the following:

(a) The location, names, and titles of all principal entity officers and all pharmacists who are dispensing drugs or devices to the residents of this state. The nonresident prescription drug outlet shall submit a report containing this information to the board on an annual basis and within thirty days after any change of office, officer, or pharmacist.

(b) A verification that it complies with all lawful directions and requests for information from the regulatory or licensing agency of the state in which it is licensed as well as with all requests for information made by the board pursuant to this section. The nonresident prescription drug outlet shall maintain at all times a valid, unexpired license, permit, or registration to conduct the prescription drug outlet in compliance with the laws of the state in which it is a resident. As a prerequisite to registering with the board, the nonresident prescription drug outlet shall submit a copy of the most recent inspection report resulting from an inspection conducted by the regulatory or licensing agency of the state in which it is located.

(2) The registration requirements of this section apply only to a nonresident prescription drug outlet that only ships, mails, or delivers, in any manner, drugs and devices into this state pursuant to a prescription order.

(3) A nonresident prescription drug outlet doing business in this state that has not obtained a registration shall not conduct the business of selling or distributing drugs in this state without first registering as a nonresident prescription drug outlet. A nonresident prescription drug outlet shall make application for a nonresident prescription drug outlet registration on a form furnished by the board. The board may require the information it deems necessary to carry out the purpose of this section.

(4) (a) The board may deny, revoke, or suspend a nonresident prescription drug outlet registration for failure to comply with this section or with any rule promulgated by the board.

(b) The board may deny, revoke, or suspend a nonresident prescription drug outlet registration if the nonresident prescription drug outlet's license or registration has been revoked or not renewed for noncompliance with the laws of the state in which it is a resident.
C.R.S. § 12-285-216 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 285 / Part 2 / Section 12-285-216
12-285-216. Reports by insurance companies
Status: in_force

12-285-216. Reports by insurance companies. (1) (a) Each insurance company licensed to do business in this state and engaged in the writing of malpractice insurance for physical therapist assistants shall send to the board information about any malpractice claim that involves a physical therapist assistant and is settled or in which judgment is rendered against the insured.

(b) In addition, the insurance company shall submit supplementary reports containing the disposition of the claim to the board within ninety days after settlement or judgment.

(2) Regardless of the disposition of any claim, the insurance company shall provide such information as the board finds reasonably necessary to conduct its own investigation and hearing.
C.R.S. § 12-145-106 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 145 / Section 12-145-106
12-145-106. Guide qualifications
Status: in_force

12-145-106. Guide qualifications. (1) An individual who works as a guide must be eighteen years of age or older and hold either a valid first aid or first aid instructor's card issued by the American Red Cross or evidence of equivalent training as approved by the director. An individual who violates this subsection (1) commits a civil infraction.

(2) It is a violation of this article 145 for an individual whose outfitter registration has been revoked or suspended to work as a guide.
C.R.S. § 12-220-305 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 220 / Part 3 / Section 12-220-305
12-220-305. What constitutes practicing dentistry - authority to electronically prescribe
Status: in_force

12-220-305. What constitutes practicing dentistry - authority to electronically prescribe. (1) A person is practicing dentistry if the person:

(a) Performs or attempts or professes to perform any dental operation, oral surgery, or dental diagnostic or therapeutic services of any kind; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(a) prohibits a dental therapist, dental hygienist, or dental assistant from providing preventive dental or nutritional counseling, education, or instruction services;

(b) Is a proprietor of a place where dental operation, oral surgery, or dental diagnostic or therapeutic services are performed; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(b) prohibits a dental therapist, dental hygienist, or dental assistant from performing those tasks and procedures consistent with section 12-220-501;

(c) Directly or indirectly, by any means or method, takes impression of the human tooth, teeth, jaws, maxillofacial area, or adjacent and associated structures; performs any phase of any operation incident to the replacement of a part of a tooth; or supplies artificial substitutes for the natural teeth, jaws, or adjacent and associated structures; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(c) prohibits a dental therapist, dental hygienist, or dental assistant from performing tasks and procedures consistent with sections 12-220-501 (3)(b)(III), 12-220-503 (1)(d), and 12-220-508;

(d) Furnishes, supplies, constructs, reproduces, or repairs any prosthetic denture, bridge, appliance, or other structure to be worn in the human mouth or upon the jaws, maxillofacial area, or adjacent and associated structures other than on the written laboratory work order of a duly licensed and practicing dentist;

(e) Places an appliance or structure described in subsection (1)(d) of this section in the human mouth;

(f) Adjusts or attempts or professes to adjust an appliance or structure described in subsection (1)(d) of this section;

(g) Delivers an appliance or structure described in subsection (1)(d) of this section to any person other than the dentist upon whose laboratory work order the work was performed;

(h) Professes to the public by any method to furnish, supply, construct, reproduce, or repair any prosthetic denture, bridge, appliance, or other structure to be worn in the human mouth or upon the jaws, maxillofacial area, or adjacent and associated structures;

(i) Examines, diagnoses, plans treatment of, or treats natural or artificial structures or conditions associated with, adjacent to, or functionally related to the oral cavity, jaws, maxillofacial area, or adjacent and associated structures and their impact on the human body;

(j) Extracts or attempts to extract human teeth or corrects, or attempts to correct, malformations of human teeth or jaws; except that this subsection (1)(j) does not prohibit a dental therapist from performing tasks and procedures consistent with section 12-220-508;

(k) Repairs or fills cavities in human teeth; except that this subsection (1)(k) does not prohibit a dental therapist from performing tasks and procedures consistent with section 12-220-508;

(l) Prescribes ionizing radiation or the use of an X ray for the purpose of taking dental X rays or roentgenograms; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(l) prohibits these procedures from being delegated to appropriately trained personnel in accordance with this article 220 and rules of the board;

(m) Gives or professes to give interpretations or readings of dental X rays or roentgenograms, CT scans, or other diagnostic methodologies; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(m) prohibits a dental hygienist from performing tasks and procedures consistent with sections 12-220-503 and 12-220-504 or a dental therapist from performing tasks consistent with section 12-220-508;

(n) Represents himself or herself to an individual or the general public as practicing dentistry, by using the words "dentist" or "dental surgeon", or by using the letters "D.D.S.", "D.M.D.", "D.D.S./M.D.", or "D.M.D./M.D." Nothing in this subsection (1)(n) prohibits a dental therapist, dental hygienist, or dental assistant from performing tasks and procedures consistent with section 12-220-501 (2), (2.5), or (3)(b).

(o) States, permits to be stated, or professes by any means or method whatsoever that the person can perform or will attempt to perform dental operations or render a diagnosis connected with dental operations;

(p) Prescribes drugs or medications and administers local anesthesia, analgesia including nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation, medication prescribed or administered for the relief of anxiety or apprehension, minimal sedation, moderate sedation, deep sedation, or general anesthesia as necessary for the proper practice of dentistry; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(p) prohibits:

(I) A dental hygienist from performing those tasks and procedures consistent with sections 12-220-501, 12-220-503 (1)(e) and (1)(g), and 12-220-504 (1)(c), and in accordance with rules promulgated by the board; or

(II) A dental therapist from performing those tasks and procedures consistent with sections 12-220-501 (2.5) and 12-220-508 and in accordance with rules promulgated by the board.

(q) Prescribes, induces, and sets dosage levels for inhalation anesthesia; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(q) prohibits the delegation of monitoring and administration to appropriately trained personnel in accordance with this article 220 and rules of the board;

(r) Gives or professes to give interpretations or readings of dental charts or records or gives treatment plans or interpretations of treatment plans derived from examinations, patient records, dental X rays, or roentgenograms; except that nothing in this subsection (1)(r) prohibits a dental therapist, dental hygienist, or dental assistant from performing tasks and procedures consistent with sections 12-220-501 (2), (2.5), and (3), 12-220-503, 12-220-504, and 12-220-508.

(2) A licensed dentist may prescribe orders electronically.
C.R.S. § 12-145-112 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 145 / Section 12-145-112
12-145-112. Contracts for outfitting services - writing required
Status: in_force

12-145-112. Contracts for outfitting services - writing required. (1) Prior to engaging in any activity as an outfitter, an outfitter shall provide a written contract to the client signed by both the outfitter and the client, stating at least the following terms:

(a) Type of services to be provided;

(b) Dates of service;

(c) Transportation arrangements;

(d) Costs of the services;

(e) Ratio of clients to guides; and

(f) The outfitter's policy regarding cancellation of the contract and refund of any deposit.

(2) No action may be maintained by an outfitter for breach of a contract or agreement to provide outfitting services or for the recovery of compensation for services rendered under the contract or agreement if the outfitter has failed to comply with the provisions of this article 145.

(3) Any written contract provided in accordance with this section must also contain a written statement that, pursuant to section 12-145-108 (1)(c) and (1)(d), outfitters are bonded and required to possess the minimum level of liability insurance and that the activities of outfitters are regulated by the director.
C.R.S. § 12-120-302 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 120 / Part 3 / Section 12-120-302
12-120-302. Definitions
Status: in_force

12-120-302. Definitions. As used in this part 3, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Basic control for engineering projects" means survey markers set on or in the vicinity of a construction project to enable all components of the project to be built in compliance with plans and specifications with respect to the project location, orientation, elevation, and relationship to property, easement, or right-of-way boundaries.

(2) "Certificate" means the media issued by the board to evidence licensing or enrollment.

(3) "Geodetic surveying" means the performance of surveys in which measure or account is taken of the shape, size, and gravitational forces of the earth to determine or predetermine the horizontal or vertical positions of points, monuments, or stations for use in the practice of professional land surveying or for stating the geodetic position of control points, monuments, or stations by using a coordinate system or derivative thereof recognized by the national geodetic survey.

(4) "Land surveyor-intern" means an individual enrolled by the board after demonstrating the individual's competency, as required by section 12-120-311.

(5) (a) "Professional land surveying" means the application of special knowledge of principles of mathematics, methods of measurement, and law for the determination and preservation of land boundaries. "Professional land surveying" specifically includes:

(I) Restoration and rehabilitation of corners and boundaries in the United States public land survey system;

(II) Obtaining and evaluating boundary evidence;

(III) Determination of the areas and elevations of land parcels;

(IV) Subdivision of land parcels into smaller parcels and layout of alignment and grades for streets or roads to serve the smaller parcels;

(V) Measuring and platting underground mine workings;

(VI) Preparation of the boundary control portions of geographic information systems and land information systems except as allowed otherwise by section 38-51-109.3;

(VII) Establishment, restoration, and rehabilitation of land survey monuments and bench marks;

(VIII) Preparation of land survey plats, condominium plats, monument records, property descriptions that result from the practice of professional land surveying, and survey reports;

(IX) Surveying, monumenting, and platting of easements and rights-of-way;

(X) Geodetic surveying;

(XI) Basic control for engineering projects; and

(XII) Any other activities incidental to and necessary for the adequate performance of the services described in this subsection (5)(a).

(b) An individual practices or offers to practice "professional land surveying" within the meaning and intent of this part 3 if the individual engages therein or, by oral claim, sign, letterhead, or card or in any other way, holds oneself out to be a professional land surveyor or as being able to perform any professional land surveying service or if the individual performs any professional land surveying service or work.

(c) Professional land surveying may include other types of surveying.

(6) "Professional land surveyor" means an individual who practices professional land surveying and who is currently licensed with the board after demonstrating competency to practice, as required by section 12-120-313.

(7) "Responsible charge" means personal responsibility for the control and direction of professional land surveying work.
C.R.S. § 12-220-211 — CO Code / Title 12 / Article 220 / Part 2 / Section 12-220-211
12-220-211. Unauthorized practice - penalties
Status: in_force

12-220-211. Unauthorized practice - penalties. Any person who practices or offers or attempts to practice dentistry, dental therapy, or dental hygiene without an active license issued under this article 220 is subject to penalties pursuant to section 12-20-407 (1)(a).