C.R.S. § 13-25-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-120
13-25-120. Corporate resolutions and minutes
Status: in_force

13-25-120. Corporate resolutions and minutes. (1) A certified copy of a resolution purportedly adopted by a meeting of the board of directors, or by a meeting of the stockholders of a corporation, or of the minutes or of a portion of the minutes of a meeting of the board of directors or stockholders of a corporation, when the same purports to be certified by an officer of such corporation and purports to have the seal of such corporation affixed to such certification, shall be admissible in evidence as prima facie evidence of the adoption of such resolution or as prima facie evidence of the truth of the statements or recitals contained in such minutes or portion of such minutes insofar as the same may affect the title to real estate, and it shall not be necessary to prove any facts as the foundation for the admission of the same in evidence. If any such certified copy has been filed for record in the office of the county clerk and recorder of the county where the real estate affected thereby is situate, the record thereof in the office of said clerk and recorder, or a certified copy of such record certified by the county clerk and recorder, shall be admissible in evidence in the same manner as the certified copy itself.

(2) The word "corporation" as used in this section shall include both foreign and domestic corporations. The words "board of directors" as used in this section shall include both a board of directors and any other board or body of a corporation which has powers and duties similar to those exercised by a board of directors. The word "stockholders" as used in this section shall include both stockholders and members of corporations.

(3) The provisions of this section apply to certified copies of resolutions adopted prior to April 16, 1941, as well as those adopted after such date, and to certified copies of minutes of meetings or portions of minutes of meetings held prior to April 16, 1941, as well as those held after such date, and to certified copies which were certified prior to April 16, 1941, as well as those which were certified after such date.
C.R.S. § 13-23-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-108
13-23-108. Exceptions - judgment for periodic payment against a health-care professional or
Status: in_force

13-23-108. Exceptions - judgment for periodic payment against a health-care professional or institution - assignment of workers' compensation benefits. Nothing in this article shall apply to a judgment entered pursuant to the provisions of part 2 of article 64 of this title or to compensation or benefits due under articles 40 to 47 of title 8, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-27-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 27 / Section 13-27-101
13-27-101. Short title
Status: in_force

13-27-101. Short title. The short title of this article 27 is the "Uniform Unsworn Declarations Act".
C.R.S. § 13-2-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-115
13-2-115. Pensions of supreme court judges
Status: in_force

13-2-115. Pensions of supreme court judges. (1) Any person who has served as a judge of the supreme court of Colorado for not less than ten years, who has ceased to hold said office, and who has reached the age of sixty-five years is entitled to receive an annual pension during the remainder of his life in the amount of one-fourth of the annual salary of an associate judge of the supreme court. If such judge has served twenty years or more and has attained the age of seventy-two years, the annual pension shall be one-third of the annual salary of an associate judge of the supreme court. All pensions due under this section shall be paid monthly out of the general fund of this state.

(2) Upon the death of any judge, eligible to receive an annual pension pursuant to this section, who leaves a surviving spouse of at least sixty-five years of age to whom he has been married for at least twenty years, such spouse is entitled to receive a pension during the remainder of such spouse's life, or as long as such spouse remains unmarried, in the amount of seven thousand dollars per year, payable monthly from the general fund of this state.

(3) It is the intent of this section to limit the benefits payable under this section to persons, or their widows, who have terminated their service on the supreme court prior to May 16, 1974, or whose election or appointment to the supreme court took place prior to May 16, 1974. The retirement benefits payable to judges of the supreme court who are appointed subsequent to May 16, 1974, shall be as otherwise provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-21-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-109
13-21-109. Recovery of damages for checks, drafts, or orders not paid upon presentment
Status: in_force

13-21-109. Recovery of damages for checks, drafts, or orders not paid upon presentment. (1) Any person who obtains money, merchandise, property, or other thing of value, or who makes any payment of any obligation other than an obligation on a consumer credit transaction as defined in section 5-1-301 by means of making any check, draft, or order for the payment of money upon any bank, depository, person, firm, or corporation that is not paid upon its presentment, is liable to the holder of the check, draft, or order or any assignee for collection for one of the following amounts, at the option of the holder or assignee:

(a) The face amount of the check, draft, or order plus actual damages determined in accordance with the provisions of the "Uniform Commercial Code", title 4, C.R.S.; or

(b) An amount equal to the face amount of the check, draft, or order and:

(I) The amount of any reasonable posted or contractual charge not exceeding twenty dollars; and

(II) If the check, draft, or order has been assigned for collection to a person licensed as a collection agency pursuant to article 16 of title 5 as costs of collection, twenty percent of the face amount of the check, draft, or order but not less than twenty dollars; or

(c) An amount as provided in subsection (2) of this section.

(2) (a) If notice of nonpayment on presentment of the check, draft, or order has been given in accordance with subsections (3) and (4) of this section and the total amount due as set forth in the notice has not been paid within fifteen days after such notice is given, instead of the amounts set forth in paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (1) of this section, the person shall be liable to the holder or any assignee for collection for three times the face amount of the check but not less than one hundred dollars and, with regard to a paycheck, actual damages caused by the nonpayment, including associated late fees.

(b) The person, also referred to in this section as the "maker", shall not be liable in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) if he establishes any one of the following:

(I) That the account contained sufficient funds or credit to cover the check, draft, or order at the time the check, draft, or order was made, plus all other checks, drafts, and orders on the account then outstanding and unpaid;

(II) That the check, draft, or order was not paid because a paycheck, deposited in the account in an amount sufficient to cover the check, draft, or order, was not paid upon presentment;

(III) That funds sufficient to cover the check, draft, or order were garnished, attached, or set off and the maker had no notice of such garnishment, attachment, or setoff at the time the check, draft, or order was made;

(IV) That the maker of the check, draft, or order was not competent or of full age to enter into a legal contractual obligation at the time the check, draft, or order was made;

(V) That the making of the check, draft, or order was induced by fraud or duress;

(VI) That the transaction which gave rise to the obligation for which the check, draft, or order was given lacked consideration or was illegal.

(3) Notice that a check, draft, or order has not been paid upon presentment shall be in writing and given in person and receipted for, or by personal service, or by depositing the notice by certified mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, or by regular mail supported by an affidavit of mailing sworn and retained by the sender, in the United States mail and addressed to the recipient's most recent address known to the sender. If the notice is mailed and not returned as undeliverable by the United States postal service, notice shall be conclusively presumed to have been given on the date of mailing. For the purpose of this subsection (3), "undeliverable" does not include unclaimed or refused.

(4) The notice given pursuant to subsection (3) of this section shall include the following information regarding the unpaid check, draft, or order:

(a) The date the check, draft, or order was issued;

(b) The name of the bank, depository, person, firm, or corporation on which it was drawn;

(c) The name of the payee;

(d) The face amount;

(e) A statement of the total amount due, which shall be itemized and shall not exceed the amount permitted under paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (1) of this section;

(f) A statement that the maker has fifteen days from the date notice was given to make payment in full of the total amount due; and

(g) A statement that, if the total amount due is not paid within fifteen days after the date notice was given, the maker may be liable in a civil action for three times the face amount of the check but not less than one hundred dollars and that, in such civil action, the court may award court costs and reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party.

(5) No holder or assignee for collection shall assert that any maker has liability for any amount set forth under subsection (2) of this section unless such liability has been determined by entry of a final judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction.

(6) In any civil action brought under this section, the prevailing party may recover court costs and reasonable attorney fees. In addition, in an action brought under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of this section, if the holder or assignee for collection prevails, actual costs of collection may be recovered by the holder or assignee for collection if such actual costs of collection are greater than the costs of collection provided under such paragraph (b).

(7) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to apply to any check, draft, or order on which payment has been stopped by the maker by reason of a dispute relating to the money, merchandise, property, or other thing of value obtained by the maker.

(8) Nothing in this section applies to any criminal case or affects eligibility or terms of probation.

(9) Any limitation on a cause of action under this section, except a cause of action under subsection (2) of this section, shall be governed by the provisions of section 13-80-103.5. Any limitation on a cause of action under subsection (2) of this section shall be governed by the provisions of section 13-80-102.
C.R.S. § 13-17-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 1 / Section 13-17-106
13-17-106. Applicability
Status: in_force

13-17-106. Applicability. This article 17 applies in all cases covered by this article 17 unless attorney fees or licensed legal paraprofessional fees are otherwise specifically provided by statute, in which case the provision allowing the greater award prevails.
C.R.S. § 13-61-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 61 / Section 13-61-104
13-61-104. Garnishee to answer
Status: in_force

13-61-104. Garnishee to answer. It is the duty of such officer to answer any garnishee summons served upon him under the provisions of this article in the same manner as is provided by law for the answer of garnishee summons by private corporations. If such answer is accompanied by a certificate of such officer that the same is true, such answer need not be under oath or affirmation, and such officer shall not be required to appear and answer in person, but may file his answer in writing or submit the same by United States mail to the court, or clerk thereof, designated in such summons. The officer need not include as money due the amount of any warrant or check drawn and signed prior to the time of the service of such garnishee summons.
C.R.S. § 13-10-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-124
13-10-124. Action on bond in name of municipality
Status: in_force

13-10-124. Action on bond in name of municipality. Action may be instituted upon any bond under this article in the name of the municipality in whose favor it is executed.
C.R.S. § 13-21-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-113
13-21-113. Donation of items of food - exemption from civil and criminal liability - defini
Status: in_force

13-21-113. Donation of items of food - exemption from civil and criminal liability - definitions. (1) (a) No farmer, retail food establishment, correctional facility, school district, hospital, or processor, distributor, wholesaler, or retailer of food that donates items of food to a nonprofit organization for use or distribution in providing assistance to needy or poor persons nor any nonprofit organization in receipt of such gleaned or donated food who transfers the food to another nonprofit organization for use or distribution in providing assistance to needy or poor persons is liable for damages in any civil action or subject to prosecution in any criminal proceeding resulting from the nature, age, condition, or packaging of the donated foods; except that this exemption does not apply to willful, wanton, or reckless acts of donors that result in injury to recipients of donated foods.

(b) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(I) "Correctional facility" has the meaning set forth in section 17-1-102 (1.7).

(II) "Hospital" means a hospital licensed pursuant to section 25-3-101.

(III) "Nonprofit organization" means any organization that is exempt from the income tax imposed under article 22 of title 39; except that "nonprofit organization" does not include organizations that sell or offer to sell donated items of food.

(IV) "Retail food establishment" has the meaning set forth in section 25-4-1602 (14).

(V) "School district" has the meaning set forth in section 22-30-103 (13).

(2) Nothing in this section relieves any nonprofit organization that serves or provides food to needy persons for their consumption from any liability for any injury, including, but not limited to, injury resulting from ingesting donated foods, as a result of receiving, accepting, gathering, or removing any foods donated under this section; except that a nonprofit organization is not liable for any injury caused by donated food produced pursuant to the "Colorado Cottage Foods Act", section 25-4-1614, C.R.S., unless the nonprofit organization acted unreasonably.

(3) Any nonprofit organization that receives any donated items of food pursuant to this section shall not sell or offer to sell any such donated items of food. This prohibition shall not affect the transfer of such donated items of gleaned or donated food between nonprofit organizations, without contemplation of remuneration, for ultimate disposition in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(3.5) A farmer who allows one or more individuals to make entry on the farmer's property for the purpose of gleaning produce for donation to a nonprofit organization for use or distribution in providing assistance to needy or poor persons, as described in subsection (1)(a) of this section, is not liable for damages in any civil action or subject to prosecution in any criminal proceeding resulting from an injury to any such individuals unless the injury results from a willful or wanton act or omission of the farmer.

(4) Nothing in this section is intended to restrict the authority of any appropriate agency to regulate or ban the use of such donated foods for human consumption.
C.R.S. § 13-22-228 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-228
13-22-228. Appeals
Status: in_force

13-22-228. Appeals. (1) An appeal may be taken from:

(a) An order denying a motion to compel arbitration;

(b) An order granting a motion to stay arbitration;

(c) An order confirming or denying confirmation of an award;

(d) An order modifying or correcting an award;

(e) An order vacating an award without directing a rehearing; or

(f) A final judgment entered pursuant to this part 2.

(2) An appeal under this section shall be taken in the same manner as an appeal of an order or judgment in a civil action.
C.R.S. § 13-21-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-116
13-21-116. Actions not constituting an assumption of duty - board member immunity - immunit
Status: in_force

13-21-116. Actions not constituting an assumption of duty - board member immunity - immunity for volunteers assisting organizations for young persons. (1) It is the intent of the general assembly to encourage the provision of services or assistance by persons on a voluntary basis to enhance the public safety rather than to allow judicial decisions to establish precedents which discourage such services or assistance to the detriment of public safety.

(2) (a) To encourage the provision of services or assistance by persons on a voluntary basis, a person shall not be deemed to have assumed a duty of care where none otherwise existed when he performs a service or an act of assistance, without compensation or expectation of compensation, for the benefit of another person, or adopts or enforces a policy or a regulation to protect another person's health or safety. Such person providing such services or assistance or adopting or enforcing such a policy or regulation shall not be liable for any civil damages for acts or omissions in good faith. Such performance of a service or an act of assistance for the benefit of another person or adoption or enforcement of a policy or regulation for the protection of another person's health or safety shall not create any duty of care with respect to a third person, nor shall it create a duty for any person to perform such a service or an act of assistance nor to adopt or enforce such a policy or regulation.

(b) (I) No member of the board of directors of a nonprofit corporation or nonprofit organization shall be held liable for actions taken or omissions made in the performance of his or her duties as a board member except for wanton and willful acts or omissions. For purposes of this paragraph (b), "the board of directors of a nonprofit corporation or nonprofit organization" shall include, but not be limited to, the board of directors of a public hospital certified pursuant to section 25-1.5-103 (1)(a), C.R.S.

(II) For purposes of this paragraph (b), unless the context otherwise requires:

(A) "Nonprofit corporation" means any corporation which is exempt from taxation pursuant to section 501(a) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(a), as amended, and listed as an exempt organization in section 501(c) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(c), as amended. The term includes a not-for-profit corporation.

(B) "Nonprofit organization" means any organization which is exempt from taxation pursuant to section 501(a) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(a), as amended, and listed as an exempt organization in section 501(c) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(c), as amended.

(2.5) (a) No person who performs a service or an act of assistance, without compensation or expectation of compensation, as a leader, assistant, teacher, coach, or trainer for any program, organization, association, service group, educational, social, or recreational group, or nonprofit corporation serving young persons or providing sporting programs or activities for young persons shall be held liable for actions taken or omissions made in the performance of his duties except for wanton and willful acts or omissions; except that such immunity from liability shall not extend to protect such person from liability for acts or omissions which harm third persons.

(b) For the purposes of this subsection (2.5), "young persons" means persons who are eighteen years of age or younger.

(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede, abrogate, or limit any immunities or limitations of liability otherwise provided by law.

(4) As used in this section, "person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, or association.
C.R.S. § 13-1-133 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-133
13-1-133. Use of recycled paper
Status: in_force

13-1-133. Use of recycled paper. (1) The general assembly finds and declares that there is a need to expand upon existing laws which foster the effective and efficient management of solid waste by requiring that certain documents submitted by attorneys-at-law to state courts of record be submitted on recycled paper. The general assembly further finds that such expansion will protect and enhance the environment and the health and safety of the citizens of Colorado.

(2) (a) (I) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection (2), no document shall be submitted by an attorney to a court of record after January 1, 1994, unless such document is submitted on recycled paper. The provisions of this section shall apply to all papers appended to each such document.

(II) (A) Procedures adopted to implement the provisions of this section shall not impede the conduct of court business nor create grounds for an additional cause of action or sanction.

(B) No document shall be refused by a court of record solely because it was not submitted on recycled paper.

(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to apply to:

(I) Photographs;

(II) An original document that was prepared or printed prior to January 1, 1994;

(III) A document that was not created at the direction or under the control of the submitting attorney;

(IV) Facsimile copies otherwise permitted to be filed with a court of record in lieu of the original document; however, if the original is also required to be filed, such original shall be submitted in compliance with this section;

(V) Existing stocks of nonrecycled paper and preprinted forms acquired or printed prior to January 1, 1994.

(3) The provisions of this section shall not be applicable if recycled paper is not readily available.

(4) For purposes of this section, unless the context requires otherwise:

(a) "Attorney" means an attorney-at-law admitted to practice law before any court of record in this state.

(b) "Courts of record" shall have the same meaning as set forth in section 13-1-111.

(c) "Document" means any pleading or any other paper submitted as an appendix to such pleading by an attorney, which document is required or permitted to be filed with a clerk of court concerning any action to be commenced or which is pending before a court of record.

(d) "Recycled paper" means paper with not less than fifty percent of its total weight consisting of secondary and postconsumer waste and with not less than ten percent of such total weight consisting of postconsumer waste.
C.R.S. § 13-100-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 100 / Section 13-100-104
13-100-104. Budget requests and annual statewide compensation adjustments
Status: in_force

13-100-104. Budget requests and annual statewide compensation adjustments. (1) The office shall submit a single, consolidated budget request, pursuant to the requirements of section 2-3-208, that includes budget request amendments from each included agency, if provided.

(2) The office shall coordinate all state budget process communications with the joint budget committee and the office of state planning and budgeting for the included agencies.

(3) The office shall use standard joint budget committee and office of state planning and budgeting budget schedules and budget data systems to prepare budget documents.

(4) The office shall maintain a consolidated compensation schedule for each staff position in the included agencies. The consolidated compensation schedule must include the following information for each staff position:

(a) Included agency job title;

(b) Equivalent job classification that the position is anchored to in the executive branch, judicial branch, or office of state public defender compensation plan;

(c) Current salary range for the equivalent job classification;

(d) Current salary and percentile position in range; and

(e) The state fiscal year in which the staff position was added.

(5) (a) The office shall submit a single, consolidated statewide compensation and benefits budget amendment request that accounts for all included agencies as generated by each included agency compensation template or any future equivalent replacement system used and defined by the office of state planning and budgeting and the department of personnel.

(b) Agency compensation template formulas and calculation structure must not be modified in creating compensation and benefits budget amendment requests.

(c) If any agency compensation template includes a manual adjustment to reflect positions that are approved but unfilled, vacant, or have been eliminated or reclassified, at the time the payroll data download is used to populate the template, the manual adjustments or changes must be documented in the compensation adjustment request narrative, by position for each discrete manual adjustment included. Each reclassification that adjusts a position to a different equivalent job classification defined in subsection (4)(b) of this section must be specifically explained in the request narrative.
C.R.S. § 13-16-122 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-122
13-16-122. Items includable as costs
Status: in_force

13-16-122. Items includable as costs. (1) Whenever any court of this state assesses costs pursuant to any provision of this article, such costs may include:

(a) Any docket fee required by article 32 of this title or any other fee or tax required by statute to be paid to the clerk of the court;

(b) The jury fees and expenses provided for in article 71 of this title;

(c) Any fees required to be paid to sheriffs pursuant to section 30-1-104, C.R.S.;

(d) Any fees of the court reporter for all or any part of a transcript necessarily obtained for use in this case;

(e) The witness fees, including subsistence payments, mileage at the rate authorized by section 13-33-103, and charges for expert witnesses approved pursuant to section 13-33-102 (4);

(f) Any fees for exemplification and copies of papers necessarily obtained for use in the case;

(g) Any costs of taking depositions for the perpetuation of testimony, including reporters' fees, witness fees, expert witness fees, mileage for witnesses, and sheriff fees for service of subpoenas;

(h) Any attorney fees, when authorized by statute or court rule;

(i) Any fees for service of process or fees for any required publications;

(j) Any item specifically authorized by statute to be included as part of the costs.
C.R.S. § 13-64-404 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 4 / Section 13-64-404
13-64-404. Effective date - applicability of part
Status: in_force

13-64-404. Effective date - applicability of part. This part 4 shall take effect July 1, 1988, and shall apply to acts or omissions occurring on or after said date and shall apply to agreements for medical services containing a binding arbitration provision on or after said date.
C.R.S. § 13-93-313 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-313
13-93-313. Licensed legal paraprofessional's lien - notice of claim filed
Status: in_force

13-93-313. Licensed legal paraprofessional's lien - notice of claim filed. A licensed legal paraprofessional has a lien on any money, property, choses in action, or claims and demands in the licensed legal paraprofessional's hands, on any judgment the licensed legal paraprofessional may have obtained or assisted in obtaining, in whole or in part, and on any and all claims and demands in suit for any fees or balance of fees due or to become due from any client. In the case of demands in suit and in the case of judgments obtained in whole or in part by any licensed legal paraprofessional, the licensed legal paraprofessional may file, with the clerk of the court when a cause is pending, notice of the licensed legal paraprofessional's claim as lienor, setting forth specifically the agreement of compensation between the licensed legal paraprofessional and the licensed legal paraprofessional's client, which notice, duly entered of record, is notice to all persons and to all parties, including the judgment creditor, to all persons in the case against whom a demand exists, and to all persons claiming by, through, or under any person having a demand in suit or having obtained a judgment that the licensed legal paraprofessional whose appearance has been entered has a first lien on the demand in suit or on the judgment for the amount of the licensed legal paraprofessional's fees. The notice of lien shall not be presented in any manner to the jury in the case in which the same is filed. The lien may be enforced by the proper civil action.
C.R.S. § 13-6-412 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-412
13-6-412. Notice to public
Status: in_force

13-6-412. Notice to public. The clerk of the small claims court shall publicize in an appropriate manner the existence of the small claims court, its procedures, and its hours of operation. Such publication shall be made so as to bring the court's existence to the attention of the entire community. The state court administrator shall publish a small claims court handbook outlining the procedures of the court in layman's language.
C.R.S. § 13-45-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-106
13-45-106. Bail - recognizance - binding witness
Status: repealed

13-45-106. Bail - recognizance - binding witness. (1) When any person is admitted to bail on habeas corpus, he shall enter into recognizance with one or more securities in such sum as the court directs, having regard to the circumstances of the prisoner and the nature of the offense, conditioned upon his appearance at the district court held in and for the county where the offense was committed or where the same is to be tried. Where any court admits to bail or remands any prisoner brought before it on any writ of habeas corpus, it is the duty of the court to bind all such persons who declare anything material to prove the offense with which the prisoner is charged by recognizance to appear at the proper court having cognizance of the offense, upon a date certain, to give evidence touching the offense and not to depart the court without leave.

(2) Repealed.
C.R.S. § 13-5.7-206 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.7 / Part 2 / Section 13-5.7-206
13-5.7-206. Distribution of equal justice fees - purpose
Status: in_force

13-5.7-206. Distribution of equal justice fees - purpose. (1) On July 1, 2025, and each July 1 thereafter, the authority shall annually distribute all money deposited into the authority's account as required by section 13-5.7-205 (2), less the authority's direct and indirect expenses in administering the requirements of this part 2 and any other related work completed to advance the mission of the authority. The authority shall distribute sixty-seven percent of the remaining revenue to the Colorado recipient of a federal legal services corporation field grant and thirty-three percent to qualified civil legal aid providers.

(2) The board, by resolution, shall establish a funding formula to use to determine the distribution amount for each qualified civil legal aid provider. In developing the formula, the board shall consider the following factors:

(a) The number of attorney hours spent serving people in Colorado in poverty in the previous year;

(b) The number of full-time attorneys employed by the qualified civil legal aid provider;

(c) The number of individuals living in poverty who receive legal representation or legal advice from the qualified civil legal aid provider;

(d) Geographic reach of services; and

(e) Ability and experience serving populations with barriers to legal assistance, including people with disabilities and people with limited English proficiency.

(3) In establishing the funding formula pursuant to subsection (2) of this section, the board shall consider the vital importance of the work of qualified civil legal aid providers that employ ten or fewer full-time attorneys to low-income Colorado communities.

(4) Money received from a grant must be used for the following purposes:

(a) To provide access to legal representation to indigent persons by providing annual grants to the Colorado recipient of a federal legal services corporation field grant and other qualified civil legal aid providers pursuant to this section;

(b) To increase the efficiency of Colorado courts for all court users by reducing slowdowns caused by self-representation; and

(c) To pay the direct and indirect costs of administering the requirements of this part 2, including payment for costs associated with staffing the authority and reimbursement of the actual and necessary expenses of board members as required by section 13-5.7-204.
C.R.S. § 13-20-1205 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 12 / Section 13-20-1205
13-20-1205. No contributory negligence - interest on damages - limitation on damages
Status: in_force

13-20-1205. No contributory negligence - interest on damages - limitation on damages. (1) Notwithstanding sections 13-21-111 and 13-21-111.5, a court or jury shall not allocate any damages awarded in an action brought pursuant to this part 12 in any proportion against a victim of sexual misconduct.

(2) Notwithstanding section 13-21-101, prejudgment interest on a claim brought pursuant to this part 12 does not begin to accrue until the plaintiff files the claim pursuant to section 13-20-1202.

(3) The maximum amount that may be recovered in a claim brought pursuant to this part 12 is:

(a) For a claim brought against a public employee or public entity, as provided in section 13-20-1207; and

(b) For any other claim, five hundred thousand dollars; except that if the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant failed to take remedial action against a person or persons the defendant knew or should have known, based on information that, at the time of the incident, was in the defendant's possession or was publicly or readily available through commonly used practices, posed a risk of sexual misconduct to a minor and that the application of such limitation would be unfair, the court may award in excess of the limitation up to the amount of damages awarded by the jury. In no case shall the total amount awarded to a plaintiff exceed one million dollars.
C.R.S. § 13-6-402 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-402
13-6-402. Establishment of small claims division
Status: in_force

13-6-402. Establishment of small claims division. There is hereby established in each county court a division designated as the small claims court.
C.R.S. § 13-27-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 27 / Section 13-27-102
13-27-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-27-102. Definitions. In this article 27:

(1) "Boundaries of the United States" means the geographic boundaries of the United States, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.

(2) "Law" includes the federal or a state constitution, a federal or state statute, a judicial decision or order, a rule of court, an executive order, and an administrative rule, regulation, or order.

(3) "Record" means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.

(4) "Sign" means, with present intent to authenticate or adopt a record:

(a) To execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or

(b) To attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic symbol, sound, or process.

(5) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.

(6) "Sworn declaration" means a declaration in a signed record given under oath. The term includes a sworn statement, verification, certificate, and affidavit.

(7) "Unsworn declaration" means a declaration in a signed record that is not given under oath, but is given under penalty of perjury.
C.R.S. § 13-64-202 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-202
13-64-202. Definitions
Status: repealed

13-64-202. Definitions. As used in this part 2, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Economic loss" means pecuniary harm for which damages are recoverable under the laws of this state.

(2) "Future damages" means damages of any kind arising from personal injuries which the trier of fact finds will accrue after the damages findings are made.

(3) "Health-care institution" means any licensed or certified hospital, health-care facility, dispensary, other institution for the treatment or care of the sick or injured, or a laboratory certified under the federal "Clinical Laboratories Improvement Act of 1967", as amended, 42 U.S.C. sec. 263a, to perform high complexity testing.

(4) (a) "Health-care professional" means any person licensed in this state or any other state to practice medicine, chiropractic, nursing, physical therapy, podiatry, dentistry, pharmacy, optometry, or other healing arts. The term includes any professional corporation or other professional entity comprised of such health-care providers as permitted by the laws of this state.

(b) Repealed.

(c) Nothing in this subsection (4) shall be construed to create an exception to the corporate practice of medicine doctrine.

(5) "Noneconomic loss" means nonpecuniary harm for which damages are recoverable under the laws of this state, but the term does not include punitive or exemplary damages.

(6) "Past damages" means damages that have accrued before the damages findings are made, including any punitive or exemplary damages allowed by the laws of this state.

(7) "Present value" means the amount as of a date certain of one or more sums payable in the future, discounted to the date certain. The discount is determined by a commercially reasonable rate that takes into account the facts and circumstances of each case at the time the judgment is entered.

(8) "Qualified insurer" means an insurance company licensed to do business in this state or any self-insurer, assignee, plan, or arrangement approved by the court.
C.R.S. § 13-33-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 33 / Section 13-33-106
13-33-106. Failure of clerk to comply - penalty
Status: in_force

13-33-106. Failure of clerk to comply - penalty. Any such clerk who fails to comply with the provisions of sections 13-33-104 and 13-33-105 shall be liable to the state in the penal sum of five hundred dollars for each offense, to be collected as other like fines.
C.R.S. § 13-15-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 15 / Section 13-15-102
13-15-102. Publication of change
Status: in_force

13-15-102. Publication of change. (1) Public notice of a change of name shall be given at least three times within twenty-one days after the court orders publication pursuant to section 13-15-101 (1.5). The person changing his or her name shall cause such public notice to be given in a newspaper published in the county in which the person resides. If no newspaper is published in that county, such notice shall be published in a newspaper in such county as the court directs.

(2) Public notice of such name change through publication as required in subsection (1) of this section is not required if the petitioner has been:

(a) The victim of a crime, the underlying factual basis of which has been found by the court on the record to include an act of domestic violence, as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1), C.R.S.;

(b) The victim of child abuse, as defined in section 18-6-401, C.R.S.;

(c) The victim of domestic abuse as that term is defined in section 13-14-101 (2); or

(d) A child or youth adjudicated dependent or neglected pursuant to article 3 of title 19 or subject to a continued adjudication pursuant to section 19-3-505 (4).

(3) A petitioner need not give public notice of a name change as required by subsection (1) of this section if the petitioner qualifies for the simplified process under section 13-15-101 (5).

(4) (a) A petitioner need not give public notice of a name change as required by subsection (1) of this section if the petitioner is changing the petitioner's name to conform with the petitioner's gender identity.

(b) Notwithstanding subsection (4)(a) of this section, the court may require a petitioner to give public notice of a name change pursuant to subsection (1) of this section if the name change is requested pursuant to section 13-15-101 (3)(b) and is for the purpose of changing the petitioner's name to conform with the petitioner's gender identity.
C.R.S. § 13-20-901 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 9 / Section 13-20-901
13-20-901. Class actions - appellate review
Status: in_force

13-20-901. Class actions - appellate review. (1) A court of appeals may, in its discretion, permit an interlocutory appeal of a district court's order that grants or denies class action certification under court rule so long as application is made to the court of appeals within fourteen days after entry of the district court's order.

(2) An appeal that is allowed under subsection (1) of this section shall not stay proceedings in the district court unless the district court or the court of appeals so orders. If a stay is ordered, all discovery and other proceedings shall be stayed during the pendency of an appeal taken pursuant to this section unless the court ordering the stay finds upon the motion of any party that specific discovery is necessary to preserve evidence or to prevent undue prejudice to such party.
C.R.S. § 13-81-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 81 / Section 13-81-107
13-81-107. Action prosecuted to final decision
Status: in_force

13-81-107. Action prosecuted to final decision. If any action or proceeding is begun within the period fixed by the applicable statute of limitations or the periods provided for in this article, then such action or proceeding may be prosecuted to final decision notwithstanding the fact that the period of limitation shall expire after the commencement and during the prosecution of such action or proceeding.
C.R.S. § 13-50-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 50 / Section 13-50-101
13-50-101. Joint obligations and covenants
Status: in_force

13-50-101. Joint obligations and covenants. All joint obligations and covenants shall be taken and held to be joint and several obligations and covenants.
C.R.S. § 13-8-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-118
13-8-118. Process
Status: in_force

13-8-118. Process. The juvenile court has the power to issue process necessary to acquire jurisdiction, to require attendance, and to enforce all orders, decrees, and judgments. Such process runs to any county within the state and, when authorized by law in special proceedings or, in the absence thereof, by the Colorado rules of civil procedure in civil cases, or the Colorado rules of criminal procedure in criminal cases, may be served outside of the state. Any sheriff to whom process is directed is authorized and required to execute the same and shall be entitled to the same fees as are allowed by law for serving like process from the district court. Persons other than the sheriff or his deputies also may serve process from the juvenile court when permitted by law in special proceedings or, in the absence thereof, by the Colorado rules of civil procedure in civil cases or the Colorado rules of criminal procedure in criminal cases.
C.R.S. § 13-6-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 1 / Section 13-6-103
13-6-103. Statewide jurisdiction
Status: in_force

13-6-103. Statewide jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of the county court shall extend to all cases which arise within the boundaries of this state or are subject to its judicial power and which are within the limitations imposed by this article, but the exercise of this jurisdiction is subject to restrictions of venue as established by this article or, if there are none, by rule of the Colorado supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-17-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 1 / Section 13-17-104
13-17-104. Fee arrangements between attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional and client
Status: in_force

13-17-104. Fee arrangements between attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional and client. The attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional and the client are free to negotiate in private the actual fee that the client is to pay the client's attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional.
C.R.S. § 13-21-803 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 8 / Section 13-21-803
13-21-803. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-21-803. Definitions. As used in this part 8, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Illegal drug" means a controlled substance as defined in section 18-18-102 (5), C.R.S.

(2) "Individual illegal drug user" means the individual whose use of a specified illegal drug is the basis of an action brought under this part 8.

(3) "Participate in the marketing of illegal drugs" means to transport, import into this state, sell, possess with the intent to sell, furnish, administer, or give away, import into this state, sell, furnish, administer, or give away an illegal drug. "Participate in the marketing of illegal drugs" does not include the purchase or receipt of an illegal drug for personal use.

(4) "Period of illegal drug use" means, in relation to the individual illegal drug user, the period of time from the individual's first use of a specified illegal drug to the accrual of the cause of action. The period of illegal drug use is presumed to commence two years before the cause of action accrues unless the defendant proves otherwise by clear and convincing evidence.

(5) "Person" means an individual, governmental entity, corporation, firm, trust, partnership, or incorporated or unincorporated association existing under or authorized by the laws of this state, another state, or a foreign country.

(6) "Specified illegal drug" means the type of illegal drug used by an individual illegal drug user whose use is the basis of an action brought under section 13-21-804 (2)(b).
C.R.S. § 13-14.5-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14.5 / Section 13-14.5-111
13-14.5-111. Penalties
Status: in_force

13-14.5-111. Penalties. Any person who has in the person's custody, possession, or control a firearm, or purchases, possesses, or receives a firearm with knowledge that the person is prohibited from doing so by an extreme risk protection order or temporary extreme risk protection order issued pursuant to this article 14.5 is guilty of a class 2 misdemeanor.
C.R.S. § 13-22-210 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-210
13-22-210. Consolidation of separate arbitration proceedings
Status: in_force

13-22-210. Consolidation of separate arbitration proceedings. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) of this section, upon the motion of a party to an agreement to arbitrate or to an arbitration proceeding, the court may order consolidation of separate arbitration proceedings as to all or some of the claims if all parties in the arbitration proceedings consent and:

(a) There are separate agreements to arbitrate or separate arbitration proceedings between or among the same persons or one of the persons is a party to a separate agreement to arbitrate or a separate arbitration proceeding with a third person;

(b) The claims subject to the agreements to arbitrate arise in substantial part from the same transaction or series of related transactions;

(c) The existence of a common issue of law or fact creates the possibility of conflicting decisions in the separate arbitration proceedings; and

(d) Prejudice resulting from a failure to consolidate is not outweighed by the risk of undue delay or prejudice to the rights of or hardship to parties opposing consolidation.

(2) The court may order consolidation of separate arbitration proceedings as to some claims and allow other claims to be resolved in separate arbitration proceedings.

(3) The court may not order consolidation of the claims of a party to an agreement to arbitrate if the agreement prohibits consolidation.
C.R.S. § 13-6-308 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 3 / Section 13-6-308
13-6-308. Juries
Status: in_force

13-6-308. Juries. (1) When required, juries shall be selected and summoned as provided for courts of record in articles 71 to 74 of this title, with such exceptions as are provided in this section. With the consent of the district court and the jury commissioners, the county court may, if feasible, use the same panel of jurors summoned for the district court. Jurors selected and summoned for the county court may also be used in municipal court in counties of Class A, as defined in section 13-6-201.

(2) If a county court sits regularly in a location other than the county seat and if jury trials are held at that location as well as at the county seat, the jury commissioner may establish jury districts within the county for the selection of county court jurors. The county shall be divided into as many such districts as there are locations in which the county court regularly holds jury trials, and each district shall include one such location as well as appropriate contiguous territory. In counties so divided, the jury commissioner shall select separate lists of persons from each jury district to serve as county court jurors within their respective districts. Such lists shall contain not less than one hundred names. When jurors are to be summoned for county court service within such districts, names shall be drawn from the list by the jury commissioner. In all other respects, the provisions of articles 71 to 74 of this title shall be followed in selecting, drawing, and summoning jurors in counties divided into county court jury districts.
C.R.S. § 13-40-113.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-113.5
13-40-113.5. Residential actions in county court - remote participation - electronic filing -
Status: in_force

13-40-113.5. Residential actions in county court - remote participation - electronic filing - procedures for technology failure - auxiliary services providers. (1) For a residential action filed in county court pursuant to this article 40:

(a) The court shall allow either party and any witness to choose to appear in person or remotely by phone or video on a platform designated by the court at any return, conference, hearing, trial, or other court proceeding. Either party and any witness may elect to change how the party or witness intends to participate by contacting the court; except that, if a party or witness contacts the court within forty-eight hours of the scheduled appearance, the court has discretion whether to approve the party or witness's requested change in participation.

(b) A pro se defendant may file an answer electronically through an e-filing system. If either party is pro se, the party may file a motion or other documents, including, but not limited to, evidence or additional documentation, electronically through an e-filing system.

(c) (I) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2024.)

(II) The court shall not assess, charge, or collect an e-filing fee, service fee, or any other fee associated with the filing of motions, answers, or documents that are filed by a defendant.

(d) The court shall comply with any federal or state law or regulation, including any supreme court directive or policy, regarding the provision of accommodations for people with a disability or for people with limited English proficiency during any proceeding, regardless of whether the proceeding is conducted in person or remotely by phone or video on a platform designated by the court; and

(e) If a pro se defendant files an answer or any other document physically instead of filing electronically through an e-filing system, the court shall timely serve the document on the plaintiff on behalf of the defendant and shall not charge any fee or cost related to the service.

(2) In the event a party is disconnected or there is a technology failure, the court shall make all reasonable efforts to contact the party and shall allow reasonable time for the party to reestablish connection with the court. If the party is unable to reestablish connection, the court shall reschedule the hearing, to be held in person, for the first available date after the date of the originally scheduled hearing but no later than one week after the originally scheduled hearing, to the extent practicable. The court shall not enter a default judgment if a party is unable to participate remotely due to a technological disconnection or failure.

(3) A court shall not construe this section to provide less than is required by Title II of the federal "Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990", 42 U.S.C. sec. 12101 et seq., as amended, and its implementing regulations.
C.R.S. § 13-10-125 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-125
13-10-125. Judgment
Status: in_force

13-10-125. Judgment. Upon trial de novo of the case on appeal to the appellate court, if a jury has been demanded, the duties of the jurors shall be to determine only whether the appellant has violated the ordinance charged. Upon a verdict of guilty, the judge shall then hear and consider any material facts in mitigation or aggravation of the offense and shall impose a penalty as provided by ordinance.
C.R.S. § 13-1-402 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 4 / Section 13-1-402
13-1-402. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-1-402. Definitions. As used in this part 4, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Civil arrest" means an arrest that is solely or primarily in connection with a civil proceeding but does not include an arrest made in connection with a judge's contempt authority or other judicially issued process.

(2) "Court" means a court of the state of Colorado or its counties or municipalities.

(3) "Courthouse" means the entirety of a building in which a court is located including, but not limited to, a courtroom, hallway, restroom, or lobby.

(4) "Court proceeding" means a proceeding conducted by a court or under the authority of a court, including, but not limited to:

(a) Accessing a service or conducting business with a court;

(b) A criminal proceeding;

(c) A civil proceeding;

(d) A grand jury proceeding;

(e) A civil protection order proceeding;

(f) An arbitration;

(g) A deposition;

(h) A pretrial services appointment; or

(i) A probation services appointment.

(5) "Environs" means the vicinity surrounding a courthouse, including, but not limited to, a sidewalk, driveway, entryway, green space, or parking area serving the courthouse.
C.R.S. § 13-20-701 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 7 / Section 13-20-701
13-20-701. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-20-701. Legislative declaration. Federal and state environmental laws provide that the owner of real property is liable for cleanup of property contamination and define who is the owner of such property. If a borrower defaults on a loan, a lender must decide whether to foreclose and potentially become the owner. For fear of becoming liable for conditions they did not create, lenders are showing a reluctance to foreclose, thus leaving no one responsible for the cleanup. So that lenders can predict with more certainty what their costs will be when they foreclose, it is the intent of the general assembly to limit third-party liability for lenders who comply with certain conditions to the cost of cleaning up contaminants or pollution pursuant to federal, state, and local laws. In addition such limitations may also make lenders more willing to lend to certain types of businesses.
C.R.S. § 13-71-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-104
13-71-104. Eligibility for juror service - prohibition of discrimination
Status: in_force

13-71-104. Eligibility for juror service - prohibition of discrimination. (1) Juror service is a duty that every qualified person has an obligation to perform when selected.

(2) All trial and grand jurors shall be selected at random from a fair cross section of the population of the area served by the court. All selected and summoned jurors shall serve, except as otherwise provided in this article or by court rule.

(3) (a) A person shall not be exempted or excluded from serving as a trial juror or grand juror because of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, marital status, national origin, ancestry, economic status, or occupation.

(b) A person with a disability shall serve except:

(I) As otherwise provided in section 13-71-105 or 13-71-119.5; or

(II) Where the court finds that such person's disability prevents the person from performing the duties and responsibilities of a juror.

(c) Before dismissing a person with a disability pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subsection (3), the court shall interview the person to determine the reasonable accommodations, if any, consistent with federal and state law, that the court may make available to permit the person to perform the duties of a juror.

(4) The court shall strictly enforce the provisions of this article; except that the supreme court may provide by rule for the exclusion in a criminal trial of a juror who is employed by a public law enforcement agency or public defender's office.
C.R.S. § 13-25-138 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-138
13-25-138. Victim's and witness's prior sexual conduct history - evidentiary hearing - vict
Status: in_force

13-25-138. Victim's and witness's prior sexual conduct history - evidentiary hearing - victim's identity - protective order. (1) Evidence of specific instances of the victim's prior or subsequent sexual conduct, opinion evidence of the victim's sexual conduct, and reputation evidence of the victim's sexual conduct is presumed irrelevant and is not admissible in a civil proceeding involving alleged sexual misconduct except:

(a) Evidence of the victim's prior or subsequent sexual conduct with the defendant;

(b) Evidence of specific instances of sexual activity showing the source or origin of semen, pregnancy, disease, or any similar evidence of sexual intercourse offered for the purpose of showing that the act or acts alleged were or were not committed by the defendant.

(2) If a party intends to offer evidence under subsection (1)(a) or (1)(b) of this section, the party shall:

(a) File a written motion at least sixty-three days prior to trial, unless later for good cause shown, to the court and to the opposing parties stating that the moving party has an offer of proof of the relevancy and materiality of evidence of specific instances of the victim's prior or subsequent sexual conduct, or opinion evidence of the victim's sexual conduct, or reputation evidence of the victim's sexual conduct that is proposed to be presented. The written motion must be accompanied by an affidavit in which the offer of proof is stated.

(b) Notify the alleged victim or alleged victim's representative.

(3) (a) Before admitting evidence under this section, the court shall conduct an in camera hearing and provide the alleged victim and parties a right to attend and be heard. Unless the court orders otherwise, the motion, related materials, and the hearing record are confidential. A party making a motion under this section shall state in the caption that the motion is confidential.

(b) At the conclusion of the hearing, if the court finds that the evidence proposed to be offered regarding the sexual conduct of the victim is relevant to a material issue to the case, the court shall order that evidence may be introduced and prescribe the nature of the evidence or questions to be permitted. The moving party may then offer evidence pursuant to the order of the court.

(c) All motions and supporting documents filed pursuant to this section must be filed under seal and may be unsealed only if the court rules that the evidence is admissible and the case proceeds to trial. If the court determines that only part of the evidence contained in the motion is admissible, only that portion of the motion and supporting documents pertaining to the admissible portion may be unsealed.

(d) The court shall seal all court transcripts, tape recordings, and records of proceedings, other than minute orders of a hearing held pursuant to this section. The court may unseal the transcripts, tape recordings, and records only if the court rules that the evidence is admissible and the case proceeds to trial. If the court determines that only part of the evidence is admissible, only the portion of the hearing pertaining to the admissible evidence may be unsealed.

(4) In a civil proceeding, at any time upon motion of the plaintiff or on the court's own motion, the court may issue a protective order pursuant to the Colorado rules of civil procedure concerning disclosure of information relating to the victim. The court may punish a violation of a protective order by contempt of court.
C.R.S. § 13-20-206 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 2 / Section 13-20-206
13-20-206. Unlawful to name correspondent
Status: in_force

13-20-206. Unlawful to name correspondent. It is unlawful for any person, either as litigant or attorney, to file, cause to be filed, threaten to file, or threaten to cause to be filed in any court of this state any pleading or paper naming or describing in such manner as to identify any person as correspondent or participant in misconduct of the adverse party in any action for dissolution of marriage, legal separation, declaration of invalidity of marriage, or the allocation of parental responsibilities or support of children, or in any citation or proceeding ancillary or subsequent to such action. In all such cases it is sufficient for such pleader to designate any such correspondent or third party in general language that is not sufficient for identification, and such general language shall operate with the same legal effect as complete naming and identification of the person would do; except that the adverse party may file a motion for a bill of particulars to secure such name, identity, or other facts. The granting of such motion, in whole or in part, rests in the sound discretion of the court; and, if ordered granted, the bill of particulars shall set forth the information specifically required by said order, but no further, and when filed the same shall be sealed, not to be opened without an order of the court. If the motion for a bill of particulars is granted, the party named in said bill of particulars shall be given five days' notice in writing prior to the filing of the same, said notice to be given either by personal service or by registered mail addressed to his last-known address.
C.R.S. § 13-4-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-113
13-4-113. Publication of decisions
Status: repealed

13-4-113. Publication of decisions.

(1) Repealed.

(2) Those court of appeals opinions to be published in full shall be selected as prescribed by supreme court rule.
C.R.S. § 13-8-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-115
13-8-115. Rules of court
Status: in_force

13-8-115. Rules of court. The juvenile court has the power to make rules for the conduct of its business to the extent that such rules are not in conflict with the rules of the supreme court or the laws of the state but are supplementary thereto. Juvenile court rules are subject to review by the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-22-301 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 3 / Section 13-22-301
13-22-301. Short title
Status: in_force

13-22-301. Short title. This part 3 shall be known and may be cited as the "Dispute Resolution Act".
C.R.S. § 13-54.5-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54.5 / Section 13-54.5-103
13-54.5-103. Property or earnings subject to garnishment
Status: repealed

13-54.5-103. Property or earnings subject to garnishment.

(1) Repealed.

(2) Any indebtedness, intangible personal property, or tangible personal property capable of manual delivery, other than earnings, owned by the judgment debtor and in the possession and control of the garnishee at the time of service of the writ of garnishment upon the garnishee shall be subject to the process of garnishment.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of this section, the exemptions from garnishment required or allowed by law, including but not limited to exemptions provided by sections 13-54-102 and 13-54-104 and 15 U.S.C. sec. 1671 et seq., apply to all garnishments.
C.R.S. § 13-5-145 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-145
13-5-145. Truancy detention reduction policy - legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-5-145. Truancy detention reduction policy - legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly finds that:

(a) Imposing a sentence of detention on a juvenile who violates a court order to attend school does not improve the likelihood that the juvenile will attend school and does not address the underlying causes of the juvenile's truancy;

(b) The best methods to address truancy and its underlying causes and the resources needed to implement those methods are different in each community;

(c) Since 2014, the juvenile courts in many judicial districts around the state have successfully reduced the use of detention for juveniles who are truant by implementing pilot projects through which the juvenile court imposes reasonable sanctions and, where possible, provides incentives to attend school, reserving detention as a sanction of last resort; and

(d) These pilot projects need additional time to produce meaningful data regarding the effectiveness of the alternate sanctions and incentives and to determine whether they result in improved outcomes for juveniles and their families.

(2) The chief judge in each judicial district, or his or her designee, shall convene a meeting of community stakeholders to create a policy for addressing truancy cases that seeks alternatives to the use of detention as a sanction for truancy. Community stakeholders may include, but need not be limited to:

(a) Parents;

(b) Representatives from school districts;

(c) Representatives from county departments of human or social services;

(d) Guardians ad litem;

(e) Court-appointed special advocates;

(f) Juvenile court judges;

(g) Respondent counsel;

(h) Representatives from law enforcement agencies;

(i) Mental health-care providers;

(j) Substance use disorder treatment providers;

(k) Representatives from the division of criminal justice in the department of public safety;

(l) Representatives from the state department of human services; and

(m) Representatives from the department of education.

(3) The chief judge in each judicial district shall adopt a policy for addressing truancy cases no later than March 15, 2016. In developing the policy for addressing truancy cases, the chief judge and the community stakeholders shall consider, at a minimum:

(a) Best practices for addressing truancy that are used in other judicial districts and in other states;

(b) Evidence-based practices to address and reduce truancy;

(c) Using a wide array of reasonable sanctions and reasonable incentives to address and reduce truancy;

(d) Using detention only as a last resort after exhausting all other reasonable sanctions and, when imposing detention, appropriately reducing the number of days served; and

(e) Research regarding the effect of detention on juveniles.

(4) The state court administrator's office shall report to the judiciary committees of the house of representatives and the senate, or any successor committees, no later than April 15, 2016, regarding the policy for addressing truancy cases adopted by each judicial district.
C.R.S. § 13-21-801 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 8 / Section 13-21-801
13-21-801. Short title
Status: in_force

13-21-801. Short title. This part 8 shall be known and may be cited as the "Drug Dealer Liability Act".
C.R.S. § 13-5-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-121
13-5-121. Twentieth district
Status: in_force

13-5-121. Twentieth district. (1) The twentieth judicial district shall be composed of the county of Boulder.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the twentieth judicial district shall be six.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2003, the number of judges for the twentieth judicial district shall be seven.

(c) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2004, the number of judges for the twentieth judicial district shall be eight.

(d) Subject to available appropriations, effective June 30, 2010, the number of judges for the twentieth judicial district shall be nine.
C.R.S. § 13-22-204 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-204
13-22-204. Effect of agreement to arbitrate - nonwaivable provisions
Status: in_force

13-22-204. Effect of agreement to arbitrate - nonwaivable provisions. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (2) and (3) of this section, a party to an agreement to arbitrate or to an arbitration proceeding may waive, or, the parties may vary the effect of, the requirements of this part 2 to the extent permitted by law.

(2) Before a controversy arises that is subject to an agreement to arbitrate, a party to the agreement may not:

(a) Waive or agree to vary the effect of the requirements of section 13-22-205 (1), 13-22-206 (1), 13-22-208, 13-22-217 (1) or (2), 13-22-226, or 13-22-228;

(b) Agree to unreasonably restrict the right under section 13-22-209 to notice of the initiation of an arbitration proceeding;

(c) Agree to unreasonably restrict the right under section 13-22-212 to disclosure of any facts by a neutral arbitrator; or

(d) Waive the right under section 13-22-216 of a party to an agreement to arbitrate to be represented by a lawyer at any proceeding or hearing under this part 2, but an employer and a labor organization may waive the right to representation by a lawyer in a labor arbitration.

(3) (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection (3), a party to an agreement to arbitrate or arbitration proceeding may not waive, or the parties may not vary the effect of, the requirements of this section or section 13-22-203 (1), 13-22-207, 13-22-214, 13-22-218, 13-22-220 (4) or (5), 13-22-222, 13-22-223, 13-22-224, 13-22-225 (1) or (2), or 13-22-229.

(b) If the parties to an agreement to arbitrate or to an arbitration proceeding are a government, governmental subdivision, governmental agency, governmental instrumentality, public corporation, or any commercial entity, the parties may waive the requirements of section 13-22-223 except if the award was procured by corruption or fraud.
C.R.S. § 13-6-304 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 3 / Section 13-6-304
13-6-304. Court facilities
Status: in_force

13-6-304. Court facilities. The county commissioners shall provide court facilities at the county seat and are authorized to do so elsewhere. Such facilities may be provided by arrangement with municipal authorities, by rental, or by other appropriate means.
C.R.S. § 13-74-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 74 / Section 13-74-103
13-74-103. List of prospective jurors - selection - membership - term
Status: in_force

13-74-103. List of prospective jurors - selection - membership - term. The state court administrator, upon receipt of an order of a chief judge of the district court granting a petition to impanel a judicial district grand jury, shall prepare a list of prospective judicial district grand jurors drawn from existing jury lists of the several counties within the district. In preparing the list of prospective judicial district grand jurors, the state court administrator need not include names of jurors from every county within the district, but the state court administrator may select jurors from counties near the county in which the chief judge requesting the list presides. The chief judge granting the order shall impanel the judicial district grand jury from the list compiled by the state court administrator. A judicial district grand jury shall be composed of twelve or twenty-three members, as provided in section 13-72-102. The members of the judicial district grand jury shall be selected by the chief judge with the advice of the district attorney. The chief judge may close to the public part or all of the selection process when reasonably necessary to protect the grand jury process or the security of the grand jurors. The length of term served by a judicial district grand jury shall be as provided in section 13-71-120. The court, upon its own motion or at the request of the district attorney, shall enter an order to preserve the confidentiality of all information that might identify judicial district grand jurors when reasonably necessary to protect the judicial district grand jury process or the security of the judicial district grand jurors. In the absence of such an order, upon request, the state court administrator shall make available for inspection by members of the public a list of judicial district grand jurors containing only the judicial district grand jurors' names and juror numbers.
C.R.S. § 13-21-108.1 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-108.1
13-21-108.1. Persons rendering emergency assistance through the use of automated external def
Status: in_force

13-21-108.1. Persons rendering emergency assistance through the use of automated external defibrillators - limited immunity. (1) The general assembly hereby declares that it is the intent of the general assembly to encourage the use of automated external defibrillators for the purpose of saving the lives of people in cardiac arrest.

(2) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "AED" or "defibrillator" means an automated external defibrillator that:

(I) Has received approval of its premarket notification filed pursuant to 21 U.S.C. sec. 360 (k), from the federal food and drug administration;

(II) Is capable of recognizing the presence or absence of ventricular fibrillation or rapid ventricular tachycardia, and is capable of determining, without intervention by an operator, whether defibrillation should be performed; and

(III) Upon determining that defibrillation should be performed, automatically charges and requests delivery of an electrical impulse to an individual's heart.

(b) "Licensed physician" means a physician licensed to practice medicine in this state.

(3) (a) In order to ensure public health and safety, a person or entity who acquires an AED shall ensure that:

(I) Expected AED users receive training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and AED use through a course that meets nationally recognized standards and is approved by the department of public health and environment;

(II) The defibrillator is maintained and tested according to the manufacturer's operational guidelines and that written records are maintained of this maintenance and testing;

(III) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2009, (SB 09-010), ch. 52, p. 186, § 1, effective March 25, 2009.)

(IV) Written plans are in place concerning the placement of AEDs, training of personnel, pre-planned coordination with the emergency medical services system, medical oversight, AED maintenance, identification of personnel authorized to use AEDs, and reporting of AED utilization, which written plans have been reviewed and approved by a licensed physician; and

(V) Any person who renders emergency care or treatment to a person in cardiac arrest by using an AED activates the emergency medical services system as soon as possible.

(b) Any person or entity that acquires an AED shall notify an agent of the applicable emergency communications or vehicle dispatch center of the existence, location, and type of AED.

(4) (a) Any person or entity whose primary duties do not include the provision of health care and who, in good faith and without compensation, renders emergency care or treatment by the use of an AED shall not be liable for any civil damages for acts or omissions made in good faith as a result of such care or treatment or as a result of any act or failure to act in providing or arranging further medical treatment, unless the acts or omissions were grossly negligent or willful and wanton.

(b) The limited immunity provided in paragraph (a) of this subsection (4) extends to:

(I) The licensed physician who reviewed and approved the written plans described in subparagraph (IV) of paragraph (a) of subsection (3) of this section;

(II) The person or entity who provides the CPR and AED site placement;

(III) Any person or entity that provides teaching or training programs for CPR to the site at which the AED is placed, which programs include training in the use of an AED; and

(IV) The person or entity responsible for the site where the AED is located.

(c) The limited immunity provided in this subsection (4) applies regardless of whether the requirements of subsection (3) of this section are met; except that the person or entity responsible for the site where the AED is located shall receive the limited immunity only if the requirements of subparagraph (II) of paragraph (a) of subsection (3) of this section are met.

(5) The requirements of subsection (3) of this section shall not apply to any individual using an AED during a medical emergency if that individual is acting as a good samaritan under section 13-21-108.
C.R.S. § 13-55-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 55 / Section 13-55-104
13-55-104. Hearing on claim
Status: in_force

13-55-104. Hearing on claim. (1) Upon the filing of such claim of exemption, the court of record shall set a time for the hearing of such claim of exemption, which shall not be less than seven days nor more than fourteen days thereafter. A written notice of the time and place of such hearing shall be given by the defendant or his or her attorney to the officer who made such levy or seizure, and to the plaintiff in said action or his or her attorney of record, by leaving a copy of such notice with said officer or his deputy at his office and by leaving a copy thereof with the plaintiff or his or her attorney of record, or notice may be given to the plaintiff by mailing a copy of such notice of hearing to the attorney of record of the plaintiff at least seven days in advance of date set for the hearing.

(2) The affidavit of the defendant or his attorney that service of notice of such hearing has been made in the manner and form stated, attached to the original notice, shall constitute prima facie evidence of such service, and such affidavit of service filed with the clerk of the court is sufficient return of such service. Such hearing may be continued from time to time in the discretion of the court. In case of the absence of the district judge from the county in which said claim of exemption has been filed with the clerk of the district court or in case of other inability of the district judge to act, the county judge of such county if possessing the qualifications of a district judge in cases of claims for exemption arising therein may set the time of hearing and hear and determine such claims, sitting as a judge of the district court, and his judgment, findings, or orders entered therein shall be of the same force and effect as though made by the district judge.
C.R.S. § 13-55-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 55 / Section 13-55-101
13-55-101. Defendant to file written claim
Status: in_force

13-55-101. Defendant to file written claim. Except in cases of garnishment pursuant to article 54.5 of this title, in cases where a sheriff or other officer by virtue of a writ of execution, writ of attachment, or other order of court issued by a court of record or clerk thereof levies upon, seizes, or takes into his possession any property of the defendant debtor, which said property, or part thereof, the defendant claims as exempt under the provisions of the statutes of the state, said defendant debtor, within fourteen days after being served with notice of such levy or seizure, shall make and file with the clerk of the court of record out of which such writ of execution, writ of attachment, or other order was issued a written claim of such exemption setting forth with reasonable detail the description of the property so claimed to be exempt together with the grounds of such claim of exemption.
C.R.S. § 13-8-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-113
13-8-113. Judges to sit separately
Status: in_force

13-8-113. Judges to sit separately. In the juvenile court, each of the judges shall sit separately for the trial of cases and the transaction of judicial business, and each of the courts so held shall be known as the juvenile court. Each judge shall have all of the powers which he might have if he were the sole judge of the court, including the power to vacate his own judgments, decrees, or orders, or those of a predecessor when permitted by law, but not juvenile court orders of another judge of the juvenile court who is still in office.
C.R.S. § 13-21-109.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-109.5
13-21-109.5. Recovery of damages for fraudulent use of social security numbers
Status: in_force

13-21-109.5. Recovery of damages for fraudulent use of social security numbers. (1) No person shall buy or otherwise obtain or sell, offer for sale, take or give in exchange, pledge or give in pledge, or use any individual's social security account number, or any derivative of such number, for the purpose of committing fraud or fraudulently using or assuming said individual's identity.

(2) Any individual aggrieved by the act of any person in violation of subsection (1) of this section may bring a civil action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover:

(a) Such preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate; and

(b) The greater of:

(I) Actual damages; or

(II) Liquidated damages of up to ten thousand dollars.

(3) In addition to any damages and other relief awarded pursuant to subsection (2) of this section, if the aggrieved individual prevails, the court may assess against the defendant reasonable attorney fees and any other litigation costs and expenses, including expert fees, reasonably incurred by the aggrieved individual.

(4) Any action brought pursuant to this section shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any criminal prosecution that may be brought under any state or federal law.
C.R.S. § 13-5-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-115
13-5-115. Fourteenth district
Status: in_force

13-5-115. Fourteenth district. (1) The fourteenth judicial district shall be composed of the counties of Grand, Moffat, and Routt.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the fourteenth judicial district shall be two.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2007, the number of judges for the fourteenth judicial district shall be three.
C.R.S. § 13-22-705 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 7 / Section 13-22-705
13-22-705. No notice required - when
Status: in_force

13-22-705. No notice required - when. (1) No notice shall be required pursuant to this part 7 if:

(a) The person or persons who may receive notice pursuant to section 13-22-704 (1) certify in writing that they have been notified; or

(b) The person whom the minor elects to notify pursuant to section 13-22-704 (2) certifies in writing that he or she has been notified; or

(c) The pregnant minor declares that she is a victim of child abuse or neglect by the acts or omissions of the person who would be entitled to notice, as such acts or omissions are defined in "The Child Protection Act of 1987", as set forth in article 3 of title 19, and any amendments thereto, and the attending physician has reported such child abuse or neglect as required by the said act. When reporting such child abuse or neglect, the physician shall not reveal that he or she learned of the abuse or neglect as the result of the minor seeking an abortion.

(d) The attending physician certifies in the pregnant minor's medical record that a medical emergency exists and there is insufficient time to provide notice pursuant to section 13-22-704; or

(e) A valid court order is issued pursuant to section 13-22-707.
C.R.S. § 13-6-404 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-404
13-6-404. Clerk of the small claims court
Status: in_force

13-6-404. Clerk of the small claims court. The clerk of the county court or a deputy designated by said clerk shall act as the clerk of the small claims court. The clerk of the small claims court shall provide such assistance as may be requested by any person regarding the jurisdiction, operations, and procedures of the small claims court; however, the clerk shall not engage in the practice of law. All necessary forms shall be available from the clerk.
C.R.S. § 13-24-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-112
13-24-112. Disclosure of information
Status: in_force

13-24-112. Disclosure of information. Except as provided by law other than this article 24, during the collaborative law process, on the request of one party made to the other party, a party shall make timely, full, candid, and informal disclosure of information related to the collaborative matter without formal discovery. A party also shall update promptly previously disclosed information that has materially changed. The parties may define the scope of disclosure during the collaborative law process; however, at a minimum, the disclosure shall include the documents required to be disclosed pursuant to rule 16.2 (e)(2) of the Colorado rules of civil procedure.
C.R.S. § 13-4-102.1 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-102.1
13-4-102.1. Interlocutory appeals of determinations of questions of law in civil cases
Status: in_force

13-4-102.1. Interlocutory appeals of determinations of questions of law in civil cases. (1) The court of appeals, under rules promulgated by the Colorado supreme court, may permit an interlocutory appeal of a certified question of law in a civil matter from a district court or the probate court of the city and county of Denver if:

(a) The trial court certifies that immediate review may promote a more orderly disposition or establish a final disposition of the litigation; and

(b) The order involves a controlling and unresolved question of law.

(2) A majority of the judges who are in regular active service on the court of appeals and who are not disqualified may, if approved by rules promulgated by the Colorado supreme court, order that an interlocutory appeal permitted by the court of appeals be heard or reheard by the court of appeals en banc.
C.R.S. § 13-9-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-112
13-9-112. Rules of court
Status: in_force

13-9-112. Rules of court. The probate court has the power to make rules for the conduct of its business to the extent that such rules are not in conflict with the rules of the supreme court or the laws of the state but are supplementary thereto. Probate court rules are subject to review by the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-20-601 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 6 / Section 13-20-601
13-20-601. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-20-601. Legislative declaration. The general assembly hereby declares that, in enacting this part 6, the general assembly has determined that the certificate of review requirement should be utilized in civil actions for negligence brought against those professionals who are licensed by this state to practice a particular profession and regarding whom expert testimony would be necessary to establish a prima facie case.
C.R.S. § 13-24-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-116
13-24-116. Confidentiality of collaborative law communication
Status: in_force

13-24-116. Confidentiality of collaborative law communication. A collaborative law communication is confidential to the extent agreed by the parties in a signed record or as provided by law of this state and the provisions of this article 24. Nothing herein modifies the confidentiality provisions contained in part 3 of article 22 of this title 13.
C.R.S. § 13-25-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-111
13-25-111. Patents already recorded
Status: in_force

13-25-111. Patents already recorded. The provisions of sections 13-25-109 and 13-25-110 apply to patents already recorded.
C.R.S. § 13-4-104.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-104.5
13-4-104.5. Temporary judicial duties
Status: in_force

13-4-104.5. Temporary judicial duties. Whenever the chief justice of the supreme court deems assignment of a judge necessary to the prompt disposition of judicial business, the chief justice may assign any judge of the court of appeals, or any retired judge of the court of appeals who consents, to temporarily perform judicial duties in any court of record. For each day of such temporary service a retired judge shall receive compensation as provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-40-110.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-110.5
13-40-110.5. Automatic suppression of court records - definition
Status: in_force

13-40-110.5. Automatic suppression of court records - definition. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires, "suppressed court record" means a court record that is accessible only to judges; court staff; a party to the case and, if represented, the party's attorneys; authorized judicial department staff; and a person with a valid court order authorizing access to the court record.

(2) Upon the commencement of an action pursuant to this article 40, any court record of the action is a suppressed court record.

(3) When an order granting the plaintiff possession of the premises is entered in an action to which this section applies, the record is no longer a suppressed court record and the court shall make the record available to the public unless the parties to the action agree that the record should remain suppressed. If the parties agree that the record should remain suppressed, the record remains a suppressed court record.

(4) The names of the parties included in a court record that is suppressed pursuant to this section may be used by the court for administrative purposes, but the court shall not, for any reason, publish the names of the parties online.

(5) In addition to the persons described in subsection (1) of this section, a court shall allow a person to access a suppressed court record if the person affirms to the court, in writing or electronically, that:

(a) The person is an attorney, other than a party's attorney described in subsection (1) of this section, or is acting on behalf of the attorney;

(b) A party included in the court record has given written or verbal permission for the person to access the suppressed court record;

(c) The person is only accessing the record for the purpose of:

(I) Providing legal advice to, or evaluating whether to enter an appearance on behalf of, the party who gave permission for the person to access the record; or

(II) Evaluating whether the matter is suitable for mediation or in preparation for a mediation between the parties included in the court record; and

(d) The person is not accessing the record for commercial purposes, other than as described in subsection (5)(c) of this section.
C.R.S. § 13-25-137 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-137
13-25-137. Admissibility of commercial packaging
Status: in_force

13-25-137. Admissibility of commercial packaging. (1) Labels or packages listing, indicating, or describing the contents or ingredients of any commercially packaged item are admissible in evidence to prove that the item contains the contents or ingredients listed on the label or package. A label or package listing that identifies the contents or ingredients of a container or package constitutes prima facie evidence that the items in the container or package were composed in whole or in part of the contents.

(2) Prior to the admission of evidence pursuant to this section, the court shall make a preliminary determination as to whether the item constitutes a commercially packaged item as described in subsection (1) of this section. This determination may include any evidence the court deems appropriate, including but not limited to evidence of where the item is available for purchase, whether the item is subject to state or federal regulation, or any other evidence observable on the package that indicates or constitutes indicia of the label's or package's reliability. Extrinsic evidence that an item is commercially packaged is not a prerequisite to the court's determination.
C.R.S. § 13-5-126 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-126
13-5-126. Duties of bailiff
Status: in_force

13-5-126. Duties of bailiff. It is the duty of every bailiff to preserve order in the court to which he may be appointed; to attend upon the jury; to open and close the court; and to perform such other duties as may be required of him by the judge of the court.
C.R.S. § 13-64-208 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-208
13-64-208. Funding the obligation
Status: in_force

13-64-208. Funding the obligation. (1) If the court enters a judgment for periodic payments under this part 2, then each party liable for all or a portion of the judgment, unless found to be incapable of doing so, shall separately or jointly with one or more others provide the funding for the periodic payments in a form prescribed in section 13-64-207, within sixty days after the date the judgment is entered. A liability insurer having a contractual obligation and any other person adjudged to have an obligation to pay all or part of a judgment for periodic payments on behalf of a judgment debtor is obligated to provide such funding to the extent of its contractual or adjudged obligation if the judgment debtor has not done so.

(2) A judgment creditor or successor in interest and any party having rights under subsection (4) of this section may move that the court find that funding has not been provided with regard to a judgment obligation owing to the moving party. Upon so finding, the court shall order that funding complying with this article be provided within thirty days. If funding is not provided within that time and subsection (3) of this section does not apply, then the court shall calculate the present value of the periodic payment obligation and enter a judgment for that amount in favor of the moving party.

(3) If a judgment debtor who is the only person liable for a portion of a judgment for periodic payments fails to provide funding, then the right to present value payment described in subsection (2) of this section applies only against that judgment debtor and the portion of the judgment so owed.

(4) If more than one party is liable for all or a portion of a judgment requiring funding under this part 2 and the required funding is provided by one or more but fewer than all of the parties liable, the funding requirements are satisfied and those providing funding may proceed under subsection (2) of this section to enforce rights for funding or present value payment to satisfy or protect rights of reimbursement from a party not providing funding.
C.R.S. § 13-25-127 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-127
13-25-127. Civil actions - degree of proof required
Status: in_force

13-25-127. Civil actions - degree of proof required. (1) Any provision of the law to the contrary notwithstanding and except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, the burden of proof in any civil action shall be by a preponderance of the evidence. The provisions of this subsection (1) shall not apply to the burden of proof required in determining the validity of any legislative enactment.

(2) Exemplary damages against the party against whom the claim is asserted shall only be awarded in a civil action when the party asserting the claim proves beyond a reasonable doubt the commission of a wrong under the circumstances set forth in section 13-21-102. Nothing in this subsection (2) shall be construed as preventing a party asserting the claim from being awarded money damages or other appropriate relief, other than exemplary damages, if he sustains the burden of proof by a preponderance of the evidence.

(3) (Deleted by amendment, L. 95, p. 15, § 5, effective March 9, 1995.)

(4) This section became effective July 1, 1972, and applies only to civil actions which accrue on or after such date.
C.R.S. § 13-93-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 1 / Section 13-93-106
13-93-106. Persons forbidden to practice
Status: in_force

13-93-106. Persons forbidden to practice. No coroner, sheriff, deputy sheriff, or jailer, though qualified, shall be permitted to practice as an attorney in the county in which he or she is commissioned or appointed, nor shall any clerk of the supreme court or district court be permitted to practice as an attorney- or counselor-at-law in the court in which he or she is clerk.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1201 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 12 / Section 13-21-1201
13-21-1201. Short title
Status: in_force

13-21-1201. Short title. This part 12 is known and may be cited as the "Civil Remedy for Unlawful Termination of Pregnancy Act".
C.R.S. § 13-51-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-112
13-51-112. Further relief
Status: in_force

13-51-112. Further relief. Further relief based on a declaratory judgment or decree may be granted when necessary or proper. The application therefor shall be by petition to a court having jurisdiction to grant the relief. If the application is deemed sufficient, the court, on reasonable notice, shall require any adverse party whose rights have been adjudicated by the declaratory judgment or decree to show cause why further relief should not be granted forthwith.
C.R.S. § 13-52-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 52 / Section 13-52-104
13-52-104. Transcript of federal judgment filed - lien
Status: in_force

13-52-104. Transcript of federal judgment filed - lien. (1) A transcript of the docket entry of any judgment or decree, either at law or in equity, for any debt, damages, costs, or other sum of money, entered or registered in any district court of the United States within this state, duly certified by the clerk of such district court of the United States, may be recorded in any county in the same manner as the transcript of the judgment record of any similar judgment of the court of general jurisdiction of this state may be recorded.

(2) From the time of the recording of such transcript, and not before, such judgment or decree shall be a lien upon all the real estate, not exempt from execution in the county where such transcript of judgment is recorded, owned by the judgment debtor or which the judgment debtor may afterwards acquire in such county, in the same manner and to the same extent and under the same conditions as if such judgment or decree had been entered by a court of general jurisdiction of this state.
C.R.S. § 13-22-209 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-209
13-22-209. Initiation of arbitration
Status: in_force

13-22-209. Initiation of arbitration. (1) A person may initiate an arbitration proceeding by giving notice in a record to the other parties to the agreement to arbitrate in the agreed manner between the parties or, in the absence of an agreement, by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and obtained, or by service as authorized by law for the commencement of a civil action. The notice shall describe the nature of the controversy and the remedy sought.

(2) Unless a person objects to the lack of notice or the insufficiency of notice under section 13-22-215 (3) not later than the beginning of the arbitration hearing, a person who appears at the arbitration hearing waives any objection to the lack of notice or insufficiency of notice.
C.R.S. § 13-5-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-106
13-5-106. Fifth district
Status: repealed

13-5-106. Fifth district. (1) The fifth judicial district shall be composed of the counties of Clear Creek, Eagle, Lake, and Summit.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the fifth judicial district shall be six.

(b) and (c) Repealed.

(d) At least one of the judges for the fifth judicial district shall maintain his or her official chambers and residence in the county of Eagle, Lake, or Summit.
C.R.S. § 13-40-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-117
13-40-117. Appeals
Status: in_force

13-40-117. Appeals. (1) If either party feels aggrieved by the judgment rendered in such action before the county court, he may appeal to the district court, as in other cases tried before the county court, with the additional requirements provided in this article.

(2) Upon the court's taking such appeal, all further proceedings in the case shall be stayed, and the appellate court shall thereafter issue all needful writs and process to carry out any judgment which may be rendered thereon in the appellate court.

(3) If the appellee believes that the appellee may suffer serious economic harm during the pendency of the appeal, the appellee may petition the court taking the appeal to require the appellant to have an additional undertaking to cover the anticipated harm. The court shall order such undertaking only after a hearing and upon a finding that the appellee has shown a substantial likelihood of suffering such economic harm during the pendency of the appeal and that the appellee will not be adequately protected under the appeals bond and the other requirements for appeal pursuant to sections 13-40-118, 13-40-120, and 13-40-123.
C.R.S. § 13-3-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-104
13-3-104. State shall fund courts
Status: in_force

13-3-104. State shall fund courts. (1) The state of Colorado shall provide funds by annual appropriation for the operations, salaries, and other expenses of all courts of record within the state, except for county courts in the city and county of Denver and municipal courts.

(2) When a board of county commissioners determines that any furniture or equipment transferred to the judicial department as of January 1, 1970, has historic value, it shall remain in the county courthouse and revert to the county when no longer used by the judicial department.
C.R.S. § 13-16-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-117
13-16-117. On appeal from decisions in probate
Status: in_force

13-16-117. On appeal from decisions in probate. In all cases of appeal from the decision of a court of probate, the assessment of costs shall be in the discretion of the court in which such appeal is heard.
C.R.S. § 13-91-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 91 / Section 13-91-104
13-91-104. Office of the child's representative - board - qualifications of director
Status: in_force

13-91-104. Office of the child's representative - board - qualifications of director. (1) The office of the child's representative is hereby created and established as an agency of the judicial department of state government. It shall be the responsibility of the office of the child's representative to work cooperatively with local judicial districts, attorneys, and any contract entity in order to form a partnership between those entities and persons and the state for the purpose of ensuring the provision of uniform, high-quality legal representation and non-legal advocacy to children involved in judicial proceedings in Colorado.

(2) (a) The Colorado supreme court shall appoint a nine-member child's representative board, referred to in this article as the "board". No more than five members of the board shall be from the same political party. The members of the board shall be representative of each of the congressional districts in the state. Three members of the board shall be attorneys admitted to practice law in this state who have experience in representing children as guardians ad litem or as legal representatives of children. Three members of the board shall be citizens of Colorado not admitted to practice law in this state, who shall have experience at advocating for children in the court system. Three members of the board shall be citizens of the state who are not attorneys and who have not served as CASA volunteers or child and family investigators.

(b) Members of the board shall serve for terms of four years; except that, of the members first appointed, five shall serve for terms of two years. Vacancies on the board shall be filled by the supreme court for the remainder of any unexpired term. In making appointments to the board, the supreme court shall consider place of residence, gender, race, and ethnic background. The supreme court shall establish procedures for the operation of the board.

(c) Members of the board shall serve without compensation but shall be reimbursed for actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.

(d) Any expenses incurred for the board shall be paid from the general operating budget of the office of the child's representative.

(3) The board has the following responsibilities:

(a) (I) To appoint, and discharge for cause, a person to serve as the director of the office of the child's representative, referred to in this section as the "director".

(II) The director shall have been licensed to practice law for at least five years prior to appointment, and either be licensed to practice law in Colorado at the time of appointment or be able to become licensed to practice law in Colorado within six months after appointment, and shall be familiar with the unique demands of representing a child in the court system. The director shall devote the director's full time to the performance of the director's duties and shall not engage in the private practice of law.

(III) The compensation of the director shall be fixed by the general assembly and may not be reduced during the term of the director's appointment.

(b) To fill any vacancy in the directorship for the remainder of the unexpired term;

(c) To work cooperatively with the director to provide governance to the office of the child's representative, to provide fiscal oversight of the general operating budget of the office of the child's representative, to participate in funding decisions relating to the provision of GAL, CASA, and representative of the child services throughout the state, and to assist with the duties of the office of the child's representative concerning GAL and CASA training, as needed.
C.R.S. § 13-5.7-201 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.7 / Part 2 / Section 13-5.7-201
13-5.7-201. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-5.7-201. Definitions. As used in this part 2, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Authority" means the equal justice authority created in section 13-5.7-202.

(2) "Board" means the equal justice authority board created in section 13-5.7-204.

(3) "Equal justice fee" means the fee collected on civil actions as set forth in sections 13-4-112 (3)(a), 13-32-101 (9)(a), and 13-32-102 (7)(a) pursuant to this part 2.

(4) "Qualified civil legal aid provider" means a 501 (c)(3) nonprofit organization other than the Colorado recipient of a federal legal services corporation field grant that provides legal representation and advice to people in Colorado who are at or below two hundred fifty percent of the federal poverty guideline to support their access to basic needs such as housing, employment, health services, education, and assistance with family matters and immigration status issues.
C.R.S. § 13-14.5-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14.5 / Section 13-14.5-115
13-14.5-115. Effect of previous issued orders
Status: in_force

13-14.5-115. Effect of previous issued orders. The enactment of SB 23-170 and the provisions of this article 14.5 authorizing the court to enter an order pursuant to section 13-14.5-103 or 13-14.5-104 do not limit, change, void, or otherwise impact an extreme risk protection order entered by the court pursuant to this article 14.5 prior to the effective date of SB 23-170. Any such order remains in effect until it expires by its own terms or is terminated by the court.
C.R.S. § 13-62-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62 / Section 13-62-108
13-62-108. Stay of proceedings pending appeal of foreign-country judgment
Status: in_force

13-62-108. Stay of proceedings pending appeal of foreign-country judgment. If a party establishes that an appeal from a foreign-country judgment is pending or will be taken, the court may stay any proceedings with regard to the foreign-country judgment until the appeal is concluded, the time for appeal expires, or the appellant has had sufficient time to prosecute the appeal and has failed to do so.
C.R.S. § 13-71-142 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-142
13-71-142. Alternate jurors
Status: in_force

13-71-142. Alternate jurors. In all civil and criminal trials, the court may call and impanel alternate jurors to replace jurors who are disqualified or who the court may determine are unable to perform their duties prior to deliberation. Alternate jurors shall be summoned in the same manner, have the same qualifications, be subject to the same examination and challenges, take the same oath, and have the same functions, powers, and privileges as regular jurors. An alternate juror who does not replace a regular juror shall be discharged at the time the jury retires to consider its verdict, unless otherwise provided by law, by agreement of the parties, or by order of the court. The seating of an alternate juror entitles each party to an additional peremptory challenge, which may be exercised as to any prospective jurors.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1401 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 14 / Section 13-21-1401
13-21-1401. Short title
Status: in_force

13-21-1401. Short title. The short title of this part 14 is the "Uniform Civil Remedies for Unauthorized Disclosure of Intimate Images Act".
C.R.S. § 13-71-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-121
13-71-121. Extended trials
Status: in_force

13-71-121. Extended trials. Before a jury is impaneled, the court shall inform the jurors if a trial is expected to last more than three trial days and may excuse a juror from performing juror service in that trial upon a finding of hardship or inconvenience, taking into account the expected length of the trial. Any juror so excused shall otherwise complete the term of juror service.
C.R.S. § 13-80-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-106
13-80-106. Limitation of actions against manufacturers or sellers of products
Status: in_force

13-80-106. Limitation of actions against manufacturers or sellers of products. (1) Notwithstanding any other statutory provisions to the contrary, all actions except those governed by section 4-2-725, C.R.S., brought against a manufacturer or seller of a product, regardless of the substantive legal theory or theories upon which the action is brought, for or on account of personal injury, death, or property damage caused by or resulting from the manufacture, construction, design, formula, installation, preparation, assembly, testing, packaging, labeling, or sale of any product, or the failure to warn or protect against a danger or hazard in the use, misuse, or unintended use of any product, or the failure to provide proper instructions for the use of any product shall be brought within two years after the claim for relief arises and not thereafter.

(2) If any person entitled to bring any action mentioned in this section is under the age of eighteen years, mentally incompetent, imprisoned, or absent from the United States at the time the cause of action accrues and is without spouse or natural or legal guardian, such person may bring said action within the time limit specified in this section after the disability is removed. If such person has a legal representative, such person's representative shall bring the action within the period of limitation imposed by this section.
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-109
13-5.5-109. Judicial performance evaluations in interim years between elections - procedure
Status: in_force

13-5.5-109. Judicial performance evaluations in interim years between elections - procedure. (1) Within the first two years of a justice's or judge's appointment to the bench, the appropriate commission shall conduct an initial evaluation of each justice and each judge. The appropriate commission shall complete and communicate its judicial performance interim evaluations as follows:

(a) The state commission shall communicate its findings, including any recommendations for improvement plans, to the chief justice of the supreme court or the chief judge of the court of appeals and the appellate justice or judge who was evaluated; and

(b) The applicable district commission shall communicate its findings, including any recommendations for improvement plans, to the chief judge of the district and the judge who was evaluated.

(2) If a commission recommends an improvement plan, the procedure development and implementation for such a plan will follow the guidelines set forth in section 13-5.5-110.

(3) The appropriate commission, at its discretion, may conduct a subsequent interim evaluation of each justice and each judge during the years between when the justice or judge stands for retention, if applicable.

(4) The appropriate commission shall grant each justice or judge who receives an initial or interim evaluation the opportunity to meet with the commission or otherwise respond to the initial or interim evaluation no later than ten days following the justice's or judge's receipt of the initial or interim evaluation. If a meeting is held or a response is made, the appropriate commission may revise its initial or interim evaluation.
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-102
13-5.5-102. Definitions
Status: repealed

13-5.5-102. Definitions. As used in this article 5.5, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Attorney" means a person admitted to practice law before the courts of this state.

(2) "Commission" means both the state and district commissions on judicial performance, established in section 13-5.5-104, unless the usage otherwise specifies the state commission or a district commission.

(3) "Commissioner" means an appointed member of the state commission or one of the district commissions on judicial performance established in section 13-5.5-104.

(4) "Department" means the state judicial department.

(5) "Executive director" means the executive director of the office on judicial performance evaluation created in section 13-5.5-103.

(6) "Fund" means the state commission on judicial performance cash fund, created in section 13-5.5-115.

(7) "Improvement plan" means an individual judicial improvement plan developed and implemented pursuant to section 13-5.5-110.

(8) "Interim evaluation" means an interim evaluation conducted by a commission pursuant to section 13-5.5-109 during a full term of office of a justice or judge.

(9) "Judge" includes all active judges.

(10) "Justice" means a justice serving on the supreme court of Colorado.

(11) "Office" means the office on judicial performance evaluation created in section 13-5.5-103.

(12) "Retention year evaluation" means a judicial performance evaluation conducted by a commission pursuant to section 13-5.5-108 of a justice or judge whose term is to expire and who must stand for retention election.

(13) Repealed.

(14) "Volunteer courtroom observer program" means a systemwide program comprised of volunteers who provide courtroom observation reports for use by state and district commissions in judicial performance evaluations. The state commission shall develop rules, guidelines, and procedures for the volunteer courtroom observer program pursuant to section 13-5.5-105 (2)(i).
C.R.S. § 13-16-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-101
13-16-101. Security for costs
Status: in_force

13-16-101. Security for costs. (1) In all actions on official bonds for the use of any persons, actions on the bonds of executors, administrators, or guardians, and qui tam actions on any penal statute, the person or plaintiff for whose use the action is to be commenced, before he or she institutes such suit, shall file or cause to be filed with the clerk of the court in which the action is to be commenced an instrument in writing as described in subsection (3) of this section for security for the payment of costs of suit.

(2) In all cases in law and equity where the plaintiff, or the person for whose use an action is to be commenced, is not a resident of this state, upon motion of the defendant or any officer of the court pursuant to section 13-16-102, the court may require the nonresident plaintiff to give an instrument in writing for the payment of costs of suit as described in subsection (3) of this section; except that, to ensure that access to the courts is not unreasonably denied, a court shall not require an instrument in writing for the payment of costs of suit in excess of five thousand dollars.

(3) As used in this section and section 13-16-102, "instrument in writing" means an instrument in writing of some responsible person, being a resident of this state, to be approved by the clerk, whereby such person shall acknowledge himself or herself bound to pay, or cause to be paid, all costs which may accrue in such action either to the opposite party or to any of the officers of such courts, which instrument may be in form as follows:

A. B. )

vs. ) .......... Court.

C. D. )

I do hereby enter myself security for costs in this case, and acknowledge myself bound to pay, or cause to be paid, all costs which may accrue in this action, either to the opposite party or to any of the officers of this court pursuant to the laws of this state.

..............................................................

Dated this ........ day of ........, 20.. .
C.R.S. § 13-5-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-120
13-5-120. Nineteenth district
Status: in_force

13-5-120. Nineteenth district. (1) The nineteenth judicial district shall be composed of the county of Weld.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district shall be four.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2002, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district shall be five.

(c) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2003, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district shall be six.

(d) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2007, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district shall be seven.

(e) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district shall be eight.

(f) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2009, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district shall be nine.

(g) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2019, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district is ten.

(h) Subject to available appropriations, effective January 1, 2020, the number of judges for the nineteenth judicial district is eleven.
C.R.S. § 13-90-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-114
13-90-114. Paid by state
Status: in_force

13-90-114. Paid by state. Except as provided in section 13-90-210, it is the duty of the state court administrator to audit the accounts of such interpreter, except for the Denver county court, as allowed by the judges of the courts of record of a county and to cause warrants to be drawn upon the state controller in payment thereof, in accordance with section 13-3-104, and the rules and regulations of the state court administrator.
C.R.S. § 13-1-140 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-140
13-1-140. Prohibition on issuing subpoena in connection with proceeding in another state
Status: in_force

13-1-140. Prohibition on issuing subpoena in connection with proceeding in another state. (1) A court, judicial officer, court employee, or attorney shall not issue a subpoena in connection with a proceeding in another state concerning an individual engaging in a legally protected health-care activity, as defined in section 12-30-121 (1)(d), or an entity that provides insurance coverage for gender-affirming health-care services, as defined in section 12-30-121 (1)(c), or reproductive health care, as defined in section 25-6-402 (4).

(2) This section does not prohibit the investigation of criminal activity that may involve a legally protected health-care activity, provided that information relating to a medical procedure performed on an individual is not shared with an agency or individual from another state for the purpose of enforcing another state's abortion law.
C.R.S. § 13-62-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62 / Section 13-62-109
13-62-109. Statute of limitations
Status: in_force

13-62-109. Statute of limitations. An action to recognize a foreign-country judgment must be commenced within the earlier of the time during which the foreign-country judgment is effective in the foreign country or fifteen years from the date that the foreign-country judgment became effective in the foreign country.
C.R.S. § 13-1.5-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1.5 / Section 13-1.5-106
13-1.5-106. Equality of rights
Status: in_force

13-1.5-106. Equality of rights. This article does not accord a person injured or threatened with injury in another jurisdiction any rights superior to those that the person would have if injured or threatened with injury in this jurisdiction.
C.R.S. § 13-24-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-109
13-24-109. Disqualification of collaborative lawyer and lawyers in associated law firm
Status: in_force

13-24-109. Disqualification of collaborative lawyer and lawyers in associated law firm. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) of this section, a collaborative lawyer is disqualified from appearing before a tribunal to represent a party in a proceeding related to the collaborative matter.

(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) of this section and section 13-24-111, a lawyer in a law firm with which the collaborative lawyer is associated is disqualified from appearing before a tribunal to represent a party in a proceeding related to the collaborative matter if the collaborative lawyer is disqualified from doing so under subsection (1) of this section.

(3) A collaborative lawyer or a lawyer in a law firm with which the collaborative lawyer is associated may represent a party:

(a) To ask a tribunal to approve an agreement resulting from the collaborative law process; or

(b) To seek or defend an emergency order to protect the health, safety, welfare, or interest of a party, or a minor child of either of the parties as defined in section 13-14-101 (2.2) if a successor lawyer is not immediately available to represent that person.

(4) If subsection (3)(b) of this section applies, a collaborative lawyer, or lawyer in a law firm with which the collaborative lawyer is associated, may represent a party or minor child of either of the parties as defined in section 13-14-101 (2.2) for a limited time only until the person or minor child is represented by a successor lawyer or reasonable measures are taken to protect the health, safety, welfare, or interest of the person.
C.R.S. § 13-6-503 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 5 / Section 13-6-503
13-6-503. Evidence offered by officer
Status: in_force

13-6-503. Evidence offered by officer. At any hearing on a class A or class B traffic infraction or civil infraction, the officer who issued the citation or penalty assessment notice shall offer evidence of the facts concerning the alleged infraction either in person or by affidavit, as such affidavit may be established by rules adopted by the supreme court pursuant to section 13-6-501 (9). If the officer appears personally, the magistrate and the cited person may then examine the officer. The cited party has the right to call the officer by subpoena as in the case of other civil matters.
C.R.S. § 13-74-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 74 / Section 13-74-102
13-74-102. Powers and duties - applicable law - rules and regulations
Status: in_force

13-74-102. Powers and duties - applicable law - rules and regulations. A judicial district grand jury shall have the same powers and duties and shall function in the same manner as a county grand jury; except that its jurisdiction shall extend throughout the judicial district. The law applicable to county grand juries shall apply to judicial district grand juries except when such law is inconsistent with the provisions of this article. The supreme court may promulgate such procedural rules as it deems necessary to govern the procedures of judicial district grand juries.
C.R.S. § 13-10-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-117
13-10-117. Time - docket fee - bond
Status: in_force

13-10-117. Time - docket fee - bond. Appeals may be taken within fourteen days after entry of any judgment of a municipal court. No appeal shall be allowed until the appellant has paid to the clerk of the municipal court one dollar and fifty cents as a fee for preparing the transcript of record on appeal. If the municipal court is a court of record, the clerk of the municipal court is entitled to the same additional fees for preparing the record, or portions thereof designated, as is the clerk of the county court on the appeal of misdemeanors, but said fees shall be refunded to the defendant if the judgment is set aside on appeal. No stay of execution shall be granted until the appellant has executed an approved bond as provided in sections 13-10-120 and 13-10-121.
C.R.S. § 13-90-201 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 2 / Section 13-90-201
13-90-201. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-90-201. Legislative declaration. The general assembly hereby finds and declares that it is the policy of this state to secure the rights of persons who are deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind and who consequently cannot equally participate in or benefit from proceedings of the courts or any board, commission, agency, or licensing or law enforcement authority of the state unless qualified auxiliary services are available to assist them.
C.R.S. § 13-21-804 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 8 / Section 13-21-804
13-21-804. Damages - persons injured by an individual illegal drug user
Status: in_force

13-21-804. Damages - persons injured by an individual illegal drug user. (1) Any one or more of the following persons may bring an action for damages caused by an individual's use of an illegal drug within this state:

(a) A parent, legal guardian, child, spouse, or sibling of the individual illegal drug user;

(b) An employer of an individual illegal drug user;

(c) A medical facility, insurer, governmental entity, employer, or other entity that funded a drug treatment program or employee assistance program for the individual illegal drug user or that otherwise expended money on behalf of the individual illegal drug user or a dependent of the individual illegal drug user; and

(d) A person injured as a result of the willful, reckless, or negligent actions of an individual illegal drug user.

(2) (a) A person entitled to seek damages under this section may seek damages from one or more of the following:

(I) A person who sold, administered, or furnished, or is in the chain of distribution of, an illegal drug used by the individual illegal drug user;

(II) A person who knowingly participated in the marketing or distribution in the state of Colorado of the specified illegal drug used by an individual illegal drug user during the individual drug user's period of illegal drug use.

(b) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to authorize a suit against an employer of a person described in paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) if the employer had no knowledge of the actions of the person giving rise to the claim under this section.

(3) The standard of proof for establishing liability under this section shall be by clear and convincing evidence.

(4) A person entitled to bring an action under this section may recover all of the following damages:

(a) Economic damages, including but not limited to the cost of treatment and rehabilitation, medical expenses, or any other pecuniary loss proximately caused by an individual's use of an illegal drug;

(b) Noneconomic damages, including but not limited to pain and suffering, disfigurement, loss of enjoyment, loss of companionship and consortium, and other nonpecuniary loss proximately caused by an individual's use of an illegal drug;

(c) Exemplary damages;

(d) Reasonable attorney fees incurred as a result of bringing an action under this section; and

(e) Costs of suit, including but not limited to expenses for expert witnesses and expenses for investigative services to determine the identity of the defendants and the location of any assets of the defendants.
C.R.S. § 13-8-125 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-125
13-8-125. Fees
Status: in_force

13-8-125. Fees. The fees charged by the juvenile court and the clerk thereof shall be those provided in article 32 of this title.
C.R.S. § 13-26-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 26 / Section 13-26-104
13-26-104. Uniform construction
Status: in_force

13-26-104. Uniform construction. This article shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purpose of making uniform the law of those states which enact it.
C.R.S. § 13-23-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-104
13-23-104. Approval of transfers of structured settlement payment rights
Status: in_force

13-23-104. Approval of transfers of structured settlement payment rights. (1) A direct or indirect transfer of a structured settlement payment right shall not be effective and a structured settlement obligor or annuity issuer shall not be required to make a payment directly or indirectly to a transferee of a structured settlement payment right unless the transfer has been approved in advance in a final court order or order of a responsible administrative authority based on express findings by such court or responsible administrative authority that:

(a) The transfer is in the best interests of the payee, taking into account the welfare and support of the payee's dependents;

(b) The payee has been advised in writing by the transferee to seek independent professional advice regarding the transfer and has either received such advice or knowingly and willingly waived such advice in writing; and

(c) The transfer does not contravene any applicable statute or the order of any court or other government authority.
C.R.S. § 13-9-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-109
13-9-109. Clerk
Status: repealed

13-9-109. Clerk. (1) The judge of the probate court shall appoint a clerk of the probate court pursuant to section 13-3-105.

(2) Repealed.

(3) The powers and duties of the clerk of the probate court shall be similar to the powers and duties of the clerk of the district court including such powers as may be delegated to the clerk of the district court in probate matters. The duties of the clerk of the probate court shall also include such matters as may be assigned to him by law, by court rules, and by the probate judge.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1301 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 13 / Section 13-21-1301
13-21-1301. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-21-1301. Legislative declaration. The general assembly hereby finds, determines, and declares that independent wholesale sales representatives are a key ingredient to the Colorado economy. The general assembly further finds and declares that wholesale sales representatives spend many hours developing their territory in order to properly market their products. Therefore, it is the intent of the general assembly to provide security and clarify the relations between distributors, jobbers, or manufacturers and their wholesale sales representatives.
C.R.S. § 13-21-810 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 8 / Section 13-21-810
13-21-810. Statute of limitations
Status: in_force

13-21-810. Statute of limitations. (1) Except as otherwise provided by this section, a claim under this part 8 shall not be brought more than four years after the cause of action accrues. A cause of action accrues under this part 8 when a person who may recover has reason to know of the harm from illegal drug use that is the basis of the cause of action and has reason to know that the illegal drug use is the cause of the harm.

(2) For a defendant, the statute of limitations under this section does not expire until six months after the individual potential defendant is convicted of a criminal offense or as otherwise provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-5-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-105
13-5-105. Fourth district
Status: in_force

13-5-105. Fourth district. (1) The fourth judicial district shall be composed of the counties of El Paso and Teller.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the fourth judicial district shall be fifteen.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2002, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district shall be sixteen.

(c) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2003, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district shall be seventeen.

(d) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2004, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district shall be nineteen.

(e) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district shall be twenty.

(f) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2009, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district shall be twenty-two.

(g) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2019, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district is twenty-three.

(h) Subject to available appropriations, effective January 1, 2020, the number of judges for the fourth judicial district is twenty-four.
C.R.S. § 13-40-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-110
13-40-110. Action - how commenced - report
Status: in_force

13-40-110. Action - how commenced - report. (1) (a) An action pursuant to this article 40 is commenced by filing with the court a complaint in writing using the standard form of eviction complaint and affidavit for a residential tenancy that is available online through the judicial department's website to describe the property with reasonable certainty; the street address and the zip code, listed separately; the grounds for recovery; the name of the person in possession or occupancy; a prayer for recovery of possession; and a signed affidavit that states:

(I) The residential tenant receives supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal "Social Security Act", 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26, and the complainant and residential tenant participated in mandatory mediation and the mediation was unsuccessful;

(II) The complainant and residential tenant did not participate in mandatory mediation because the residential tenant:

(A) Did not disclose or declined to disclose in writing in response to a written inquiry from the complainant that the residential tenant receives supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal "Social Security Act", 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26; or

(B) Does not receive supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal "Social Security Act", 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26; or

(III) The complainant and residential tenant did not participate in mandatory mediation because the complainant is:

(A) A 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that offers opportunities for mediation to residential tenants prior to filing a residential eviction in court; or

(B) A landlord with five or fewer single-family rental homes and no more than five total rental units, including any single-family homes.

(b) Mandatory mediation must be conducted by a trained neutral third party and be provided at no cost to the residential tenant. The landlord is only required to pay for the landlord's portion of the mandatory mediation. The complainant and residential tenant may have legal representation present during the mandatory mediation. A residential tenant may voluntarily waive the tenant's right to mandatory mediation, but a waiver must not be in any lease agreement or other agreement between the complainant and residential tenant pursuant to section 38-12-801.

(c) The office of dispute resolution, created in section 13-22-303, shall schedule the mandatory mediation at the first available date, but no later than fourteen calendar days after the landlord requests the mediation.

(d) Failure to comply with the mandatory mediation requirements outlined in this subsection (1) is an affirmative defense. If the affirmative defense is raised and the complainant cannot demonstrate that the requirements were met, the court shall dismiss the case without prejudice and a new complaint must be filed.

(e) The complaint may also set forth the amount of rent due, the rate at which it is accruing, the amount of damages due, and the rate at which they are accruing and may include a prayer for rent due or to become due, present and future damages, costs, and any other relief to which plaintiff is entitled.

(f) Notwithstanding the requirement to file a complaint using the standard form of eviction pursuant to subsection (1)(a) of this section, the court shall accept a complaint filed on a different form if the complaint meets the requirements of this section.

(2) In an action for termination of a tenancy in a mobile home park, the complaint, in addition to the requirements of subsection (1) of this section, must specify the reasons for termination as the reasons are stated in section 38-12-203. The complaint must specify the approximate time, place, and manner in which the tenant allegedly committed the acts giving rise to the complaint. If the action is based on the mobile home or mobile home lot being out of compliance with the rules and regulations adopted pursuant to section 38-12-214, the complaint must specify that the home owner was given ninety days after the date of service or posting of the notice to terminate tenancy to cure the noncompliance, that ninety days have passed, and the noncompliance has not been cured.

(3) The complaint must include:

(a) A designation of whether the plaintiff elects to participate in any hearing in person or remotely by phone or video on a platform designated by the court. Upon filing the complaint, the court shall provide the plaintiff with any necessary information to facilitate the plaintiff's participation.

(b) A box indicating if the eviction is for a residential or commercial tenancy.

(4) Beginning January 2024, the judicial department shall report to the house of representatives judiciary committee and the senate judiciary committee, or their successor committees, during the judicial department's "SMART Act" hearing the total number of mediations scheduled by the office of dispute resolution pursuant to this section, the outcomes of the mediations, and the cost of the mediations for the previous fiscal year.
C.R.S. § 13-51-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-115
13-51-115. Parties - ordinances - statutes
Status: in_force

13-51-115. Parties - ordinances - statutes. When declaratory relief is sought, all persons shall be made parties who have or claim any interest which would be affected by the declaration, and no declaration shall prejudice the rights of persons not parties to the proceeding. In any proceeding which involves the validity of a municipal ordinance or franchise, such municipality shall be made a party and is entitled to be heard, and, if the statute, ordinance, or franchise is alleged to be unconstitutional, the attorney general of the state shall also be served with a copy of the proceeding and be entitled to be heard.
C.R.S. § 13-45-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-107
13-45-107. Remand - second writ - offenses not bailable
Status: in_force

13-45-107. Remand - second writ - offenses not bailable. When any prisoner brought up on a habeas corpus is remanded to prison, it is the duty of the court remanding him to make out and deliver to the sheriff, or other person to whose custody he is remanded, an order in writing stating the cause of remanding him. If such prisoner obtains a second writ of habeas corpus, it is the duty of such sheriff or other person to whom the same is directed to return therewith the order aforesaid. If it appears that the prisoner was remanded for any offense not bailable, it shall be taken and received as conclusive, and the prisoner shall be remanded without further proceedings.
C.R.S. § 13-61-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 61 / Section 13-61-101
13-61-101. Funds subject to garnishment
Status: in_force

13-61-101. Funds subject to garnishment. The state of Colorado, municipal corporations, quasi-municipal corporations, and any officer, board, or commission thereof, having the control of the disbursing of any fund, whether the same be derived from appropriations, levies, fees, licenses, special taxes, or otherwise within the state of Colorado, shall be subject to garnishment upon writs of attachment and execution in the same manner as private corporations are subject to garnishment under such writs; except that the state of Colorado shall not be subject to garnishment regarding salaries or fees due to any officer designated as such and whose salary or fees are fixed by the provisions of the constitution of the state of Colorado.
C.R.S. § 13-90.5-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90.5 / Section 13-90.5-102
13-90.5-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-90.5-102. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Foreign jurisdiction" means a state other than this state.

(2) "Foreign subpoena" means a subpoena issued under authority of a court of record of a foreign jurisdiction.

(3) "Person" means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, government, or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity.

(4) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, a federally recognized Indian tribe, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.

(5) "Subpoena" means a document, however denominated, issued under authority of a court of record requiring a person to:

(a) Attend and give testimony at a deposition;

(b) Produce and permit inspection and copying of designated books, documents, records, electronically stored information, or tangible things in the possession, custody, or control of the person; or

(c) Permit inspection of premises under the control of the person.
C.R.S. § 13-1.5-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1.5 / Section 13-1.5-108
13-1.5-108. Waiver of sovereign immunity
Status: in_force

13-1.5-108. Waiver of sovereign immunity. The defense of sovereign immunity is applicable in any action or other proceeding brought pursuant to this article only to the extent that it would apply to a person injured or threatened with injury in this jurisdiction.
C.R.S. § 13-50-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 50 / Section 13-50-103
13-50-103. Liability of remaining debtor
Status: in_force

13-50-103. Liability of remaining debtor. In case one or more joint debtors are released, no one of the remaining debtors shall be liable for more than his proportionate share of the indebtedness, unless he is the principal debtor and the debtor released was his surety, in which case the principal debtor is liable for the whole of the remainder of the indebtedness.
C.R.S. § 13-6-407 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-407
13-6-407. Parties - representation
Status: in_force

13-6-407. Parties - representation. (1) Any natural person, corporation, partnership, association, or other organization may commence or defend an action in the small claims court, but no assignee or other person not a real party to the transaction which is the subject of the action may commence an action therein, except as a court-appointed personal representative, conservator, or guardian of the real party in interest.

(2) (a) (I) Notwithstanding the provisions of article 93 of this title 13, in the small claims court, an individual shall represent himself or herself; a partnership shall be represented by an active general partner or an authorized full-time employee; a union shall be represented by an authorized active union member or full-time employee; a for-profit corporation shall be represented by one of its full-time officers or full-time employees; an association shall be represented by one of its active members or by a full-time employee of the association; and any other kind of organization or entity shall be represented by one of its active members or full-time employees or, in the case of a nonprofit corporation, a duly elected nonattorney officer or an employee.

(II) It is the intent of this section that no attorney, except pro se or as an authorized full-time employee or active general partner of a partnership, an authorized active member or full-time employee of a union, a full-time officer or full-time employee of a for-profit corporation, or a full-time employee or active member of an association, which partnership, union, corporation, or association is a party, shall appear or take any part in the filing or prosecution or defense of any matter in the small claims court, except as permitted by supreme court rule.

(b) In actions arising under part 1 of article 12 of title 38, C.R.S., including, but not limited to, actions involving claims for the recovery of a security deposit or for damage to property arising from a landlord-tenant relationship, a property manager who has received security deposits, rents, or both, or who has signed a lease agreement on behalf of the owner of the real property that is the subject of the small claims action, shall be permitted to represent the owner of the property in such action.

(3) In any action to which the federal "Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940", as amended, 50 App. U.S.C. sec. 521, is applicable, the court may enter a default against a defendant who is in the military without entering judgment, and the court shall appoint an attorney to represent the interests of the defendant prior to the entry of judgment against the defendant.

(4) If an attorney appears, as permitted in subsection (2) or (3) of this section, the other party or parties in the case may be represented by counsel, if such party or parties so choose.

(5) Nothing contained in this section is intended to limit or otherwise interfere with a party's right to assign, or to employ counsel to pursue that party's rights and remedies subsequent to the entry of judgment by a small claims court.

(6) Any small claims court action in which an attorney appears shall be processed and tried pursuant to the statutes and court rules governing small claims court actions.
C.R.S. § 13-53-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 53 / Section 13-53-102
13-53-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-53-102. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Foreign judgment" means any judgment, decree, or order of a court of the United States or of any other court, except a protection order or a restraining order as described in section 13-14-110 that is entitled to full faith and credit in this state.
C.R.S. § 13-100-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 100 / Section 13-100-102
13-100-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-100-102. Definitions. As used in this article 100, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Budget request amendment" has the same meaning set forth in section 2-3-208.

(2) "Compensation template" means the statewide system used to budget, by state agency, for employee benefits and salary as determined by the governor's office of state planning and budgeting and the department of personnel.

(3) "Included agencies" means the independent agencies within the judicial department that the office provides administrative and fiscal support services to pursuant to this article 100 and includes the office of the child protection ombudsman, the independent ethics commission, the office of public guardianship, the commission on judicial discipline, the office of alternative defense counsel, the office of the child's representative, the office of the respondent parents' counsel, the office of the statewide behavioral health court liaison, the office of the judicial discipline ombudsman, and any other independent agency added to the judicial department on or after July 1, 2024. The office of state public defender is not an included agency.

(4) "Office" means the office of administrative services for independent agencies created in section 13-100-103.

(5) "Technical support liaison" means an individual employed by a statewide central services agency in the executive branch or equivalent office or unit in the judicial branch that the agency, office, or unit designates as the liaison to provide technical support to the office.
C.R.S. § 13-25-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-117
13-25-117. Parties plaintiff
Status: in_force

13-25-117. Parties plaintiff. In trials of actions upon contracts, expressed or implied, where the action is brought by partners or by joint payees or obligees, it shall not be necessary for the plaintiff, in order to maintain any such action, to prove the partnership of the individuals named in such action or to prove the first names or surnames of such partners or of joint payees or obligees, but the names of the partners or joint payees or obligees shall be presumed to be truly set forth in the declaration, petition, or bill. Nothing in this section shall prevent the defendant from pleading in abatement or proving on the trial that more persons should have been made plaintiffs, or that more persons have been made plaintiffs than have the legal right to sue, in which event the defendant's right shall be as at common law.
C.R.S. § 13-22-313 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 3 / Section 13-22-313
13-22-313. Judicial referral to ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution
Status: in_force

13-22-313. Judicial referral to ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution. (1) Any court of record, in its discretion, may refer a case to any ancillary form of alternative dispute resolution; except that the court shall not refer the case to any ancillary form of alternative dispute resolution where one of the parties claims that it has been the victim of physical or psychological abuse by the other party and states that it is thereby unwilling to enter into ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution. In addition, the court may exempt from referral any case in which a party files with the court, within five days of a referral order, a motion objecting to ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution and demonstrating compelling reasons why ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution should not be ordered. Compelling reasons may include, but are not limited to, that the costs of ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution would be higher than the requested relief and previous attempts to resolve the issues were not successful. Such forms of alternative dispute resolution may include, but are not limited to: arbitration, early neutral evaluation, med-arb, mini-trial, multi-door courthouse concepts, settlement conference, special master, summary jury trial, or any other form of alternative dispute resolution which the court deems to be an effective method for resolving the dispute in question. Parties and counsel are encouraged to seek the most appropriate forum for the resolution of their dispute. Judges may provide guidance or suggest an appropriate forum. However, nothing in this section shall impinge upon the right of parties to have their dispute tried in a court of law, including trial by jury.

(2) Ancillary programs may be established, made available, and promoted in any judicial district or combination of districts as designated by the chief judge of the affected district. Rules and regulations for ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution shall be promulgated by the director of the office of dispute resolution.

(3) All rules, regulations, and procedures established pursuant to this section shall be subject to the approval of the chief justice.

(4) Nothing in this section shall preclude any court from making a referral to mediation services provided for in this article.

(5) All referrals under this section shall be made subject to the availability of alternative dispute resolution programs. Parties referred to ancillary forms of alternative dispute resolution may select services offered by the office of dispute resolution or by other individuals or organizations.

(6) This section shall not apply in any civil action where injunctive or similar equitable relief is the only remedy sought.
C.R.S. § 13-95-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 95 / Section 13-95-108
13-95-108. Gifts, grants, and donations
Status: in_force

13-95-108. Gifts, grants, and donations. The office may seek, accept, and expend gifts, grants, or donations from private or public sources for the purposes of this article 95.
C.R.S. § 13-94-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 94 / Section 13-94-101
13-94-101. Short title
Status: in_force

13-94-101. Short title. The short title of this article 94 is the "Office of Public Guardianship Act".
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-110
13-5.5-110. Individual judicial improvement plans
Status: in_force

13-5.5-110. Individual judicial improvement plans. (1) (a) If the state commission or a district commission recommends, pursuant to section 13-5.5-109 (1), that a justice or judge receive an individual judicial improvement plan, the commission shall communicate such recommendation to the chief justice or appropriate chief judge. The chief justice or chief judge shall then develop an improvement plan for such judge and shall send the improvement plan to the state commission for review. After the state commission reviews and approves the improvement plan, the chief justice or chief judge shall have the responsibility for implementing and overseeing the improvement plan.

(b) Once the justice or judge has completed the improvement plan, the chief justice or chief judge shall convey the results of the improvement plan activities to the appropriate commission, which will then maintain a copy of the improvement plan and the statement of results in its files.

(2) If a justice or judge is required to complete an improvement plan pursuant to this section, and he or she fails to satisfactorily complete the requirements of such improvement plan, the appropriate commission shall automatically issue a "does not meet performance standard" designation on his or her performance evaluation summary.
C.R.S. § 13-90-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-108
13-90-108. Offer taken as consent
Status: in_force

13-90-108. Offer taken as consent. The offer of a person of himself as a witness shall be deemed a consent to the examination. The offer of a wife, husband, attorney, clergyman, physician, surgeon, certified public accountant, or certified psychologist as a witness shall be deemed a consent to the examination, within the meaning of section 13-90-107 (1)(a) to (1)(d), (1)(f), and (1)(g).
C.R.S. § 13-71-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-109
13-71-109. Random selection from master juror list
Status: in_force

13-71-109. Random selection from master juror list. If all prospective jurors on the master juror list are not needed, selection of the names or identifying numbers of prospective jurors to be placed on the master juror wheel shall be by a random selection method which ensures equal probability of selection.
C.R.S. § 13-71-123 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-123
13-71-123. Enforcement of juror duties
Status: in_force

13-71-123. Enforcement of juror duties. The court shall take whatever action may be appropriate to enforce the provisions of this article. Upon a finding that a juror will not appear to perform or complete juror service or in response to the court's order, the court may take such action as is likely to compel the juror to appear.
C.R.S. § 13-6-409 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-409
13-6-409. Trial procedure
Status: in_force

13-6-409. Trial procedure. The judge or magistrate shall conduct the trial in such manner as to do justice between the parties and shall not be bound by formal rules or statutes of procedure or pleading or the technical rules of evidence, except for rules promulgated by the supreme court controlling the conduct of proceedings in the small claims court.
C.R.S. § 13-62.3-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62.3 / Section 13-62.3-110
13-62.3-110. Uniformity of application and interpretation
Status: in_force

13-62.3-110. Uniformity of application and interpretation. In applying and construing this uniform act, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.
C.R.S. § 13-45-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-105
13-45-105. Court to examine witnesses
Status: in_force

13-45-105. Court to examine witnesses. On the hearing of any habeas corpus, it is the duty of the court who hears the same to examine the witnesses aforesaid, and such other witnesses as the prisoner may request, touching any offense named in the warrant of commitment whether or not said offense is technically set out in the commitment.
C.R.S. § 13-6-301 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 3 / Section 13-6-301
13-6-301. Court rules
Status: in_force

13-6-301. Court rules. Each county court possesses the power to make rules for the conduct of its business to the extent that such rules are not in conflict with the rules of the supreme court or the laws of the state, but are supplementary thereto. In each county court which has more than one judge, or has an associate judge sitting regularly, the court shall make such rules as it deems necessary for the classification, arrangement, and distribution of the business of the court among the several judges thereof. All county court rules are subject to review by the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-80-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-118
13-80-118. Absence or concealment of a party subject to suit
Status: in_force

13-80-118. Absence or concealment of a party subject to suit. If, when a cause of action accrues against a person, the person is out of this state and not subject to service of process or has concealed himself, the period limited for the commencement of the action by any statute of limitations shall not begin to run until he comes into this state or while he is so concealed. If, after the cause of action accrues, he departs from this state and is not subject to service of process or conceals himself, the time of his absence while not subject to service of process or the time of his concealment while not subject to service of process shall not be computed as a part of the period within which the action must be brought.
C.R.S. § 13-57-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 57 / Section 13-57-102
13-57-102. Future delivery bond - conditions
Status: in_force

13-57-102. Future delivery bond - conditions. When a sheriff or other officer has levied an execution, issued out of any court of record, upon the personal property of a defendant, or is about to make such levy and the defendant is desirous of retaining the property in his possession, such sheriff shall take a bond from the defendant with security that the property shall be forthcoming or delivered at such time and place as is named in the condition and that the property shall not be disposed of nor injured. A bond so taken shall not be considered void as taken by color of office.
C.R.S. § 13-10-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-109
13-10-109. Bond
Status: in_force

13-10-109. Bond. (1) The clerk of the municipal court shall give a performance bond in the sum of two thousand dollars, or in such amount as may be set by ordinance, to the city or town for which he is appointed.

(2) The performance bond shall be approved by the municipal governing body and be conditioned upon the faithful performance of his duties, and for the faithful accounting for, and payment of, all funds deposited with or received by the court.

(3) When the municipal judge serves as clerk of the municipal court, as provided in section 13-10-108 (3), he shall execute the performance bond required by this section.

(4) The governing body of the city or town may waive the bond required by this section.
C.R.S. § 13-21-122 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-122
13-21-122. Civil liability for unlawful use of personal identifying information
Status: in_force

13-21-122. Civil liability for unlawful use of personal identifying information. (1) Notwithstanding any other remedies provided under this article, a person who suffers damages as a result of a crime described in article 5 of title 18, C.R.S., in which personal identifying information was used in the commission of the crime, shall have a private civil right of action against the perpetrator who committed the crime, regardless of whether the perpetrator was convicted of the crime. In such action, the plaintiff shall be entitled to actual damages, including, but not limited to damage to reputation or credit rating, punitive damages, and attorney fees and costs.

(2) For purposes of this section, "personal identifying information" means any information that may be used, alone or in conjunction with any other information, to identify a specific individual, including but not limited to: Name; date of birth; social security number; personal identification number; password; pass code; official state-issued or government-issued driver's license or identification card number; government passport number; biometric data; employer, student, or military identification number; or financial transaction device as defined in section 18-5-701 (3), C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-16-125 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-125
13-16-125. Limit on supersedeas bond
Status: in_force

13-16-125. Limit on supersedeas bond. (1) In any civil action brought under any legal theory, the amount of a supersedeas bond necessary to stay execution of a judgment granting legal, equitable, or any other relief during the entire course of all appeals or discretionary reviews of the judgment by all appellate courts shall be set in accordance with applicable law; except that the total amount of the supersedeas bonds that are required collectively of all appellants during the appeal of a civil action may not exceed twenty-five million dollars in the aggregate, regardless of the amount of the judgment that is appealed.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1) of this section, if an appellee proves by a preponderance of the evidence that an appellant who has posted a supersedeas bond is intentionally dissipating or diverting assets outside the ordinary course of its business for the purpose of avoiding payment of the judgment, a court may enter orders that are necessary to protect the appellee or that require the appellant to post a supersedeas bond in an amount up to and including the total amount of the judgment that is appealed.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1304 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 13 / Section 13-21-1304
13-21-1304. Liquor licensees excepted
Status: in_force

13-21-1304. Liquor licensees excepted. This part 13 shall not apply to any person licensed under article 3 or 4 of title 44.
C.R.S. § 13-14.5-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14.5 / Section 13-14.5-106
13-14.5-106. Service of protection orders
Status: in_force

13-14.5-106. Service of protection orders. (1) An extreme risk protection order issued pursuant to section 13-14.5-105 must be served personally upon the respondent, except as otherwise provided in this article 14.5.

(2) The law enforcement agency in the jurisdiction where the respondent resides shall serve the respondent personally.

(3) The court clerk shall forward a copy of the extreme risk protection order issued pursuant to this article 14.5 on or before the next court day to the law enforcement agency specified in the order for service. Service of an order issued pursuant to this article 14.5 takes precedence over the service of other documents, unless the other documents are of a similar emergency nature.

(4) If the law enforcement agency cannot complete service upon the respondent within five days, the law enforcement agency shall notify the petitioner. The petitioner shall then provide any additional information regarding the respondent's whereabouts to the law enforcement agency to effect service. The law enforcement agency may request additional time to allow for the proper and safe planning and execution of the court order.

(5) If an extreme risk protection order entered by the court states that the respondent appeared in person before the court, the necessity for further service is waived, and proof of service of that order is not necessary.

(6) Returns of service pursuant to this article 14.5 must be made in accordance with the applicable court rules.

(7) If the respondent is a veteran and there are any criminal charges against the respondent that result from the service or enforcement of the extreme risk protection order, the judge shall refer the case to a veterans court if the jurisdiction has a veterans court and the charges are veterans court eligible.
C.R.S. § 13-90.5-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90.5 / Section 13-90.5-105
13-90.5-105. Deposition, production, and inspection
Status: in_force

13-90.5-105. Deposition, production, and inspection. Section 13-90-112, rule 37 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure, and any other applicable statutes or rules of this state apply to subpoenas issued under section 13-90.5-103.
C.R.S. § 13-92-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 92 / Section 13-92-103
13-92-103. Respondent parents' counsel - commission - office - duties - qualifications of d
Status: in_force

13-92-103. Respondent parents' counsel - commission - office - duties - qualifications of director. (1) (a) On and after January 1, 2016, the office of the respondent parents' counsel is created within the judicial department. It is the responsibility of the office to work cooperatively with local judicial districts and attorneys to form a partnership between those entities and persons, parents, and the state for the purpose of ensuring the provision of uniform, high-quality legal representation for parents involved in judicial dependency and neglect proceedings in Colorado and who lack the financial means to afford legal representation.

(b) As of July 1, 2016, all existing respondent parent counsel appointments must be transferred to the office and, after July 1, 2016, the office shall make all new respondent parent counsel appointments.

(2) (a) The Colorado supreme court shall appoint a nine-member respondent parents' counsel governing commission on or before July 1, 2015. In appointing the membership of the commission, the court shall, to the extent practicable, include persons from throughout the state and persons with disabilities and take into consideration race, gender, and the ethnic diversity of the state. The court shall make the appointments as follows:

(I) No more than five members of the commission may be from the same political party;

(II) The members must represent each of the congressional districts in the state;

(III) At least six members must be attorneys admitted to practice law in this state, three of whom have experience in serving as a respondent parent counsel;

(IV) The remaining three members may be selected as appropriate, but the supreme court is encouraged to appoint at least one member who was a former respondent parent; and

(V) Commission members must not currently be under contract with the office or employed by the state department of human services, a county department of human or social services, or be serving currently as a city or county attorney, judge, magistrate, court-appointed special advocate, guardian ad litem, or counsel for youth.

(b) Commission members serve for terms of four years; except that, of the members first appointed, five shall serve for terms of two years. The supreme court shall fill any vacancies on the commission for the remainder of any unexpired term.

(c) The supreme court shall establish procedures for the operation of the commission.

(d) Commission members shall serve without compensation but must be reimbursed for actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.

(e) Expenses incurred by the commission must be paid from the general operating budget of the office of the respondent parents' counsel.

(3) The commission has the following duties:

(a) On or before January 1, 2016, and as necessary thereafter, to appoint, and discharge for cause, a person to serve as the director of the office;

(b) To fill any vacancy in the directorship; and

(c) To work cooperatively with the director to provide governance to the office, to provide fiscal oversight of the general operating budget of the office, to participate in funding decisions relating to the provision of respondent parent counsel, and to assist with the duties of the office concerning respondent parent counsel training, as needed.

(4) (a) The director must have at least five years of experience as a licensed attorney prior to appointment, and either be licensed to practice law in Colorado at the time of appointment or be able to become licensed to practice law in Colorado within six months after appointment, and be familiar with the unique demands of representing respondent parents in dependency and neglect cases in Colorado. The director shall devote the director's full time to the performance of the director's duties as director and shall not engage in the private practice of law.

(b) The general assembly shall fix the director's compensation, which may not be reduced during his or her appointment.
C.R.S. § 13-20-403 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 4 / Section 13-20-403
13-20-403. Restrictions on electroconvulsive treatment - rights of minors
Status: in_force

13-20-403. Restrictions on electroconvulsive treatment - rights of minors.

(1) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2024).

(2) Electroconvulsive treatment may be performed on a minor who is sixteen years of age or older but under eighteen years of age only if two individuals licensed to practice medicine in Colorado and specializing in psychiatry approve the treatment, and a parent or guardian of the minor consents to the treatment.

(3) Electroconvulsive treatment may be performed on a minor who is fifteen years of age or younger only if:

(a) Two individuals licensed to practice medicine in Colorado and specializing in psychiatry approve the electroconvulsive treatment;

(b) Other less-invasive treatments have failed;

(c) Electroconvulsive treatment is medically necessary to treat life-threatening malignant catatonia;

(d) Electroconvulsive treatment is performed by at least one physician, or the physician's designee, who is trained and credentialed in electroconvulsive treatment; and

(e) A parent or guardian of the minor consents to electroconvulsive treatment.

(4) Electroconvulsive treatment may be performed on an individual who is eighteen years of age or older only in cases when two or more individuals licensed to practice medicine and specializing in psychiatry determine that electroconvulsive treatment is the most preferred form of treatment.
C.R.S. § 13-20-808 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 8 / Section 13-20-808
13-20-808. Insurance policies issued to construction professionals
Status: reserved

13-20-808. Insurance policies issued to construction professionals. (1) (a) The general assembly finds and determines that:

(I) The interpretation of insurance policies issued to construction professionals is of vital importance to the economic and social welfare of the citizens of Colorado and in furthering the purposes of this part 8.

(II) Insurance policies issued to construction professionals have become increasingly complex, often containing multiple, lengthy endorsements and exclusions conflicting with the reasonable expectations of the insured.

(III) The correct interpretation of coverage for damages arising out of construction defects is in the best interest of insurers, construction professionals, and property owners.

(b) The general assembly declares that:

(I) The policy of Colorado favors the interpretation of insurance coverage broadly for the insured.

(II) The long-standing and continuing policy of Colorado favors a broad interpretation of an insurer's duty to defend the insured under liability insurance policies and that this duty is a first-party benefit to and claim on behalf of the insured.

(III) The decision of the Colorado court of appeals in General Security Indemnity Company of Arizona v. Mountain States Mutual Casualty Company, 205 P.3d 529 (Colo. App. 2009) does not properly consider a construction professional's reasonable expectation that an insurer would defend the construction professional against an action or notice of claim contemplated by this part 8.

(IV) For the purposes of guiding pending and future actions interpreting liability insurance policies issued to construction professionals, what has been and continues to be the policy of Colorado is hereby clarified and confirmed in the interpretation of insurance policies that have been and may be issued to construction professionals.

(2) For the purposes of this section:

(a) "Insurance" has the same meaning as set forth in section 10-1-102, C.R.S.

(b) "Insurance policy" means a contract of insurance.

(c) "Insurer" has the same meaning as set forth in section 10-1-102, C.R.S.

(d) "Liability insurance policy" means a contract of insurance that covers occurrences of damage or injury during the policy period and insures a construction professional for liability arising from construction-related work.

(3) In interpreting a liability insurance policy issued to a construction professional, a court shall presume that the work of a construction professional that results in property damage, including damage to the work itself or other work, is an accident unless the property damage is intended and expected by the insured. Nothing in this subsection (3):

(a) Requires coverage for damage to an insured's own work unless otherwise provided in the insurance policy; or

(b) Creates insurance coverage that is not included in the insurance policy.

(4) (a) Upon a finding of ambiguity in an insurance policy, a court may consider a construction professional's objective, reasonable expectations in the interpretation of an insurance policy issued to a construction professional.

(b) In construing an insurance policy to meet a construction professional's objective, reasonable expectations, the court may consider the following:

(I) The object sought to be obtained by the construction professional in the purchase of the insurance policy; and

(II) Whether a construction defect has resulted, directly or indirectly, in bodily injury, property damage, or loss of the use of property.

(c) In construing an insurance policy to meet a construction professional's objective, reasonable expectations, a court may consider and give weight to any writing concerning the insurance policy provision in dispute that is not protected from disclosure by the attorney-client privilege, work-product privilege, or article 72 of title 24, C.R.S., and that is generated, approved, adopted, or relied on by the insurer or its parent or subsidiary company; or an insurance rating or policy drafting organization, such as the insurance services office, inc., or its predecessor or successor organization; except that such writing shall not be used to restrict, limit, exclude, or condition coverage or the insurer's obligation beyond that which is reasonably inferred from the words used in the insurance policy.

(5) If an insurance policy provision that appears to grant or restore coverage conflicts with an insurance policy provision that appears to exclude or limit coverage, the court shall construe the insurance policy to favor coverage if reasonably and objectively possible.

(6) If an insurer disclaims or limits coverage under a liability insurance policy issued to a construction professional, the insurer shall bear the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that:

(a) Any policy's limitation, exclusion, or condition in the insurance policy bars or limits coverage for the insured's legal liability in an action or notice of claim made pursuant to section 13-20-803.5 concerning a construction defect; and

(b) Any exception to the limitation, exclusion, or condition in the insurance policy does not restore coverage under the policy.

(7) (a) An insurer's duty to defend a construction professional or other insured under a liability insurance policy issued to a construction professional shall be triggered by a potentially covered liability described in:

(I) A notice of claim made pursuant to section 13-20-803.5; or

(II) A complaint, cross-claim, counterclaim, or third-party claim filed in an action against the construction professional concerning a construction defect.

(b) (I) An insurer shall defend a construction professional who has received a notice of claim made pursuant to section 13-20-803.5 regardless of whether another insurer may also owe the insured a duty to defend the notice of claim unless authorized by law. In defending the claim, the insurer shall:

(A) Reasonably investigate the claim; and

(B) Reasonably cooperate with the insured in the notice of claims process.

(II) This paragraph (b) does not require the insurer to retain legal counsel for the insured or to pay any sums toward settlement of the notice of claim that are not covered by the insurance policy.

(III) An insurer shall not withdraw its defense of an insured construction professional or commence an action seeking reimbursement from an insured for expended defense cost unless authorized by law and unless the insurer has reserved such right in writing when accepting or assuming the defense obligation.
C.R.S. § 13-22-213 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-213
13-22-213. Action by majority
Status: in_force

13-22-213. Action by majority. If there is more than one arbitrator, the powers of an arbitrator shall be exercised by a majority of the arbitrators, except that all of the arbitrators shall conduct the hearing under the provisions of section 13-22-215 (3).
C.R.S. § 13-21-131 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-131
13-21-131. Civil action for deprivation of rights
Status: in_force

13-21-131. Civil action for deprivation of rights. (1) A peace officer, as defined in section 24-31-901 (3), who, under color of law, subjects or causes to be subjected, including failing to intervene, any other person to the deprivation of any individual rights that create binding obligations on government actors secured by the bill of rights, article II of the state constitution, is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief.

(2) (a) Statutory immunities and statutory limitations on liability, damages, or attorney fees do not apply to claims brought pursuant to this section. The "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24, does not apply to claims brought pursuant to this section.

(b) Qualified immunity is not a defense to liability pursuant to this section.

(3) In any action brought pursuant to this section, a court shall award reasonable attorney fees and costs to a prevailing plaintiff. In actions for injunctive relief, a court shall deem a plaintiff to have prevailed if the plaintiff's suit was a substantial factor or significant catalyst in obtaining the results sought by the litigation. When a judgment is entered in favor of a defendant, the court may award reasonable costs and attorney fees to the defendant for defending any claims the court finds frivolous.

(4) (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a peace officer's employer shall indemnify its peace officers for any liability incurred by the peace officer and for any judgment or settlement entered against the peace officer for claims arising pursuant to this section; except that, if the peace officer's employer determines on a case-by-case basis that the officer did not act upon a good faith and reasonable belief that the action was lawful, then the peace officer is personally liable and shall not be indemnified by the peace officer's employer for five percent of the judgment or settlement or twenty-five thousand dollars, whichever is less. Notwithstanding any provision of this section to the contrary, if the peace officer's portion of the judgment is uncollectible from the peace officer, the peace officer's employer or insurance shall satisfy the full amount of the judgment or settlement. A public entity does not have to indemnify a peace officer if the peace officer was convicted of a criminal violation for the conduct from which the claim arises unless the peace officer's employer was a causal factor in the violation, through its action or inaction.

(b) (I) An employer shall not:

(A) Preemptively determine whether a peace officer acted in good faith before such action in question has occurred; or

(B) Provide a determination providing that any peace officer or peace officers are deemed to have acted in good faith until completion of a documented investigation conducted by the employer.

(II) If a person believes that an employer has violated the provisions of subsection (4)(b)(I) of this section, the person shall submit a complaint to the P.O.S.T. board, created in section 24-31-302, which shall refer the complaint to an administrative law judge to determine whether a violation occurred. The administrative law judge shall notify the P.O.S.T. board chair of a finding that a violation of subsection (4)(b)(I) of this section occurred. If a violation is found, the P.O.S.T. board shall not provide P.O.S.T. cash fund money to the employer for one full year from the date of the finding.

(III) For the purposes of this subsection (4)(b), an employer includes the elected sheriff, chief of police, city or town administrator, county administrator, mayor, city or town council, county commission, or any other public body with formal supervision and oversight of a law enforcement agency.

(5) A civil action pursuant to this section must be commenced within two years after the cause of action accrues.
C.R.S. § 13-81-101.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 81 / Section 13-81-101.5
13-81-101.5. Appointment of legal representative
Status: in_force

13-81-101.5. Appointment of legal representative. Any real party in interest, including the party against whom an action may be brought, may apply to the court for the appointment of a legal representative.
C.R.S. § 13-5-143 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-143
13-5-143. Judge as party to a case - recusal of judge upon motion
Status: in_force

13-5-143. Judge as party to a case - recusal of judge upon motion. (1) If a judge or former judge of a district court is a party in his or her individual and private capacity in a case that is to be tried within any district court in the same judicial district in which the judge or former judge is or was a judge of a district court, any party to the case may file a timely motion requesting that the judge who is appointed to preside over the case recuse himself or herself from the case.

(2) If a district court receives a motion filed by a party pursuant to subsection (1) of this section, the judge who is appointed to preside over the case shall recuse himself or herself if he or she is a judge of a district court in the same judicial district in which the judge or former judge who is a party to the case in his or her individual and private capacity is or was a judge of a district court.

(3) If a judge recuses himself or herself pursuant to subsection (2) of this section, the chief justice of the Colorado supreme court or his or her designee shall appoint a judge from outside the judicial district to preside over the case.

(4) The provisions of this section shall not apply to a water judge or referee when he or she is acting within his or her exclusive jurisdiction over water matters pursuant to section 37-92-203, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-90-210 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 2 / Section 13-90-210
13-90-210. Compensation
Status: in_force

13-90-210. Compensation. Subject to the appropriations available to the commission, a qualified interpreter or computer-aided realtime translation reporter provided pursuant to section 13-90-204 shall be entitled to compensation for his or her services, including waiting time and necessary travel and subsistence expenses. The amount of compensation shall be based on a fee schedule for qualified interpreters and auxiliary services established by the commission.
C.R.S. § 13-23-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-105
13-23-105. Effect of transfer of structured settlement payment right
Status: in_force

13-23-105. Effect of transfer of structured settlement payment right. (1) Following a transfer of a structured settlement payment right pursuant to this article:

(a) The structured settlement obligor and the annuity issuer shall, as to all parties except the transferee, be discharged and released from all liability for the transferred payments;

(b) The transferee shall be liable to the structured settlement obligor and the annuity issuer:

(I) If the transfer contravenes the terms of the structured settlement, for any taxes incurred by such parties as a consequence of the transfer; and

(II) For any other liabilities or costs, including reasonable costs and attorney fees, arising from compliance by such parties with the order of the court or responsible administrative authority or arising as a consequence of the transferee's failure to comply with the provisions of this article;

(c) Neither the annuity issuer nor the structured settlement obligor may be required to divide any periodic payment between the payee and a transferee or assignee or between two or more transferees or assignees; and

(d) Any further transfer of structured settlement payment rights by the payee may be made only after compliance with all of the requirements of this article.
C.R.S. § 13-54-102.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54 / Section 13-54-102.5
13-54-102.5. Child support payments - exemption
Status: in_force

13-54-102.5. Child support payments - exemption. Any past or present child support obligation owed by a parent or child support payment made by a parent that is required by a support order is exempt from levy under writ of attachment or writ of execution for any debt owed by either parent.
C.R.S. § 13-1-405 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 4 / Section 13-1-405
13-1-405. Severability
Status: in_force

13-1-405. Severability. If any provision of this part 4 or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or application of this part 4 that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this part 4 are severable.
C.R.S. § 13-9-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-111
13-9-111. Practice and procedure
Status: in_force

13-9-111. Practice and procedure. Practice and procedure in the probate court shall be conducted in accordance with laws providing special proceedings for matters within its jurisdiction and with the Colorado rules of civil procedure.
C.R.S. § 13-80-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-116
13-80-116. Action against joint debtors or obligors
Status: in_force

13-80-116. Action against joint debtors or obligors. If, in an action against joint debtors or obligors, the plaintiff is barred by the provisions of this article as to one or more of the debtors or obligors, but is entitled to recover against any other of them by virtue of a new acknowledgment, promise, or payment, the plaintiff shall be entitled to proceed as against that defendant.
C.R.S. § 13-21-115.6 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-115.6
13-21-115.6. Immunity from civil liability for school crossing guards and sponsors
Status: in_force

13-21-115.6. Immunity from civil liability for school crossing guards and sponsors. (1) As used in this section:

(a) "School crossing guard" means any person eighteen years of age and older acting with or without compensation who supervises, directs, monitors, or otherwise assists school children at a street or intersection.

(b) "School crossing guard sponsor" means any governmental agency or subdivision, including but not limited to any county, city, city and county, town, or school district, and any individual, volunteer group, club, or nonprofit corporation that sponsors, organizes, or provides for school crossing guards.

(2) Any school crossing guard and any school crossing guard sponsor shall be immune from civil liability for any act or omission that results in damage or injury if the school crossing guard was acting within the scope of such person's official functions and duties as a school crossing guard unless the damage or injury was caused by a willful and wanton act or omission of the school crossing guard.

(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to abrogate or limit the sovereign immunity granted to public entities pursuant to the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-21-113.3 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-113.3
13-21-113.3. Donation of firefighting equipment - exemption from civil and criminal liability
Status: in_force

13-21-113.3. Donation of firefighting equipment - exemption from civil and criminal liability - definitions - legislative declaration. (1) A fire department or other person or entity that donates surplus firefighting equipment to a fire department shall not be liable for damages in any civil action or subject to prosecution in any criminal proceeding resulting from the nature, age, condition, or packaging of such equipment; except that this exemption shall not apply to the grossly negligent, willful, wanton, or reckless acts of donors that result in injury to recipients of such equipment.

(2) As used in this section:

(a) "Fire department" has the meaning set forth in section 24-33.5-1202, C.R.S., and includes a fire department that uses paid firefighters, volunteer firefighters, or both. The term includes, without limitation, not-for-profit nongovernmental entities that are organized to provide firefighting services and recognized under section 24-33.5-1208.5, C.R.S.

(b) "Firefighting equipment" means any and all equipment designed for or typically used in the prevention and suppression of fire, the protection of firefighters, or the rescue and extrication of victims of fire or other emergencies, including without limitation hoses, fire trucks, rescue vehicles, extrication equipment, protective clothing, and breathing apparatus.

(3) A fire department that receives donated firefighting equipment pursuant to this section shall not sell or offer to sell any such donated equipment. This prohibition shall not affect the transfer of such donated equipment, without contemplation of remuneration, between fire departments for future use.

(4) Nothing in this section limits the authority of any appropriate agency to regulate, prohibit, or place conditions on the use of specific firefighting equipment.

(5) The general assembly intends that the provisions of this section and of the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24, C.R.S., be read together and harmonized. If any provision of this section is construed to conflict with a provision of the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", the provision that grants the greatest immunity shall prevail.
C.R.S. § 13-1.5-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1.5 / Section 13-1.5-109
13-1.5-109. Uniformity of application and construction
Status: in_force

13-1.5-109. Uniformity of application and construction. This article shall be applied and construed to carry out its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this article among jurisdictions enacting it.
C.R.S. § 13-90-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-106
13-90-106. Who may not testify
Status: in_force

13-90-106. Who may not testify. (1) The following persons shall not be witnesses:

(a) Persons who are of unsound mind at the time of their production for examination;

(b) (I) Children under ten years of age who appear incapable of receiving just impressions of the facts respecting which they are examined or of relating them truly.

(II) This proscription does not apply to a child under ten years of age, in any civil or criminal proceeding for child abuse, sexual abuse, a sexual offense pursuant to part 4 of article 3 of title 18, C.R.S., or incest, when the child is able to describe or relate in language appropriate for a child of that age the events or facts respecting which the child is examined.
C.R.S. § 13-71-139 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-139
13-71-139. Challenge of juror pool
Status: in_force

13-71-139. Challenge of juror pool. (1) Any party to a civil or criminal action may challenge by written motion the composition of the juror pool for substantial failure to comply with the requirements of this article. The written motion shall be filed prior to the swearing in of the jury selected to try the case and shall be accompanied by one or more affidavits specifying the supporting facts and demographic data. If the court finds that the affidavit or affidavits, if true, demonstrate such a substantial failure, the moving party shall be entitled to present testimony by any person responsible for the implementation of this article, any records used in the selection and summoning of jurors, and any other relevant evidence. If the court determines, by a preponderance of the evidence, that in selecting the jury there has been a substantial failure to comply with this article, the court shall discharge the jury panel and stay proceedings pending the summoning of a new juror pool.

(2) The procedures described in this section shall be the exclusive means by which a party may challenge a jury on the ground that the juror pool was not selected in conformity with this article.
C.R.S. § 13-1-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-113
13-1-113. Seal - how attached
Status: in_force

13-1-113. Seal - how attached. (1) A seal of a court or public officer, when required on any writ, process, or proceeding or to authenticate a copy of any record or document, may be impressed with wax, wafer, or any other substance and then attached to the writ, process, or proceeding or to the copy of the record or document, or it may be impressed on the paper alone or electronically attached to or logically associated with an electronic record or document. When jury summonses, subpoenas, or subpoenas duces tecum are prepared by means of mechanical reproduction, the seal of the summoning court may be printed thereon instead of being impressed.

(2) A seal may also consist of a rubber stamp with a facsimile affixed thereon of the seal required to be used and may be placed or stamped upon the document requiring the seal with indelible ink.
C.R.S. § 13-93-204 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 2 / Section 13-93-204
13-93-204. Certification of law student intern by law school dean - filing - effective peri
Status: in_force

13-93-204. Certification of law student intern by law school dean - filing - effective period - withdrawal by dean or termination. (1) The certification by the law school dean, pursuant to section 13-93-203 (1)(c), required in order for a law student intern to appear and participate in proceedings:

(a) Shall be filed with the clerk of the supreme court and, unless it is sooner withdrawn, shall remain in effect until the announcement of the results of the first bar examination following the student's graduation. For any student who passes said bar examination, the certification shall continue in effect until the date he or she is admitted to the bar.

(b) May be withdrawn by the dean at any time by mailing a notice to that effect to the clerk of the supreme court, and such withdrawal may be without notice or hearing and without any showing of cause; and

(c) May be terminated by the supreme court at any time without notice or hearing and without any showing of cause.