C.R.S. § 13-3-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-113
13-3-113. Family-friendly courts
Status: in_force

13-3-113. Family-friendly courts. (1) Short title. This section shall be known and may be cited as the "Family-friendly Courts Act".

(2) Legislative declaration. (a) The general assembly hereby finds and declares that many families experience challenges and transitions with legal ramifications that often necessitate court involvement. Frequently individuals and family members attend court or visit other governmental offices for juvenile delinquency proceedings, domestic relations proceedings, protective proceedings related to domestic abuse or domestic violence, child protection proceedings, meetings with probation officers, and other matters. Many persons who attend court proceedings are responsible for the care of young children. For many such individuals, child care issues can distract from, if not present obstacles or even barriers to, effective and complete participation in ongoing court proceedings. The general assembly finds that these issues were acknowledged and addressed in the 1999 report entitled "Creating Family Friendly Courts in Colorado: Children's Centers for the Courthouse", which report was submitted by the Colorado supreme court family friendly facilities task force and which report recommended the establishment of children's centers in courthouses.

(b) The general assembly further finds that the same individuals who are in need of child care services when they are participating in court proceedings may also benefit from the availability of information and resource referrals relating to certain types of services within the community, including services addressing at-risk youth, employment counseling, employment training and placement, health education and counseling, financial management, education, legal counseling and referral, mediation, domestic abuse and domestic violence, fatherhood programs, and substance abuse.

(c) The general assembly further finds that individuals who are involved in court proceedings may have additional court-ordered service needs involving their children, including, but not limited to, supervised parenting time and the transfer of the physical custody of a child from one parent to the other.

(d) The general assembly therefore determines and declares that the creation of family-friendly court programs is beneficial to and in the best interests of the citizens of Colorado. The general assembly further finds that the goal of such programs shall primarily be providing quality child care in or near courthouses to the children of individuals and families who attend court-related proceedings but that such programs may also provide additional court-related family services at the facility and serve as a clearinghouse of information and resource referrals for program patrons concerning the wide variety of available services in the community, including services that provide help to at-risk youth; educational services; health services; behavioral, mental health, and substance use disorder services; legal services; and domestic abuse information.

(3) Definitions. For purposes of this section:

(a) "At-risk youth" shall have the same meaning as "youth" set forth in section 26-6.8-104 (3).

(b) "Domestic abuse" shall have the same meaning as set forth in section 13-14-101 (2).

(c) "Domestic violence" shall have the same meaning as set forth in section 18-6-800.3 (1), C.R.S.

(d) "Family-friendly court services" means child care and court-related family services provided in the courthouse or courthouse complex or in reasonable proximity to the courthouse.

(e) "Program" means the family-friendly court program established pursuant to this section.

(4) Provision of family-friendly court services. There is hereby created the family-friendly court program. The purpose of the program shall be to provide quality family-friendly court services to families and the children of individuals who are attending court proceedings or related matters and to serve as a central location for the dissemination of information to families about resources and services relating to at-risk youth, employment counseling, employment training and placement, health education and counseling, financial management, education, legal counseling and referral, mediation, domestic abuse and domestic violence, fatherhood programs, and substance abuse. Grants awarded pursuant to this section shall be used to establish and maintain new family-friendly court programs in judicial districts throughout the state that do not have comparable existing programs, as well as to enhance existing family-friendly court programs.

(5) Grant applications - duties of judicial districts. (a) To be eligible for moneys from the family-friendly court program cash fund, created in subsection (6) of this section, for the provision of family-friendly court services, a judicial district shall apply to the state court administrator in accordance with the timelines and guidelines adopted by the state court administrator, using an application form provided by the state court administrator.

(b) The state court administrator, in determining which judicial districts may receive grant money pursuant to this section, shall consider the extent that a judicial district is responsible for:

(I) Actively recruiting qualified and skilled child care providers to provide quality child care services to families and children of individuals who are attending court proceedings or related matters;

(II) Conducting the necessary criminal history checks through the Colorado bureau of investigation and hiring qualified and appropriate child care providers;

(III) Selecting and establishing a safe physical location in the courthouse or in the courthouse complex or in reasonable proximity to the courthouse, for the provision of child care services;

(IV) When reasonably practicable in consideration of funding, staffing, and assistance from other public and private organizations, providing additional court-related family services to families and children experiencing the challenges and transitions that necessitate court involvement, including, but not limited to, supervised parenting time and transfer of the physical custody of a child from one parent to the other;

(V) Soliciting information from community-based organizations, faith communities, governmental entities, schools, community mental health centers, local nonprofit or not-for-profit agencies, local law enforcement agencies, businesses, and other community service providers about the following services and resources for the purpose of providing such information to patrons of the family-friendly court services:

(A) Youth services, including but not limited to youth mentoring services, services to prevent or reduce youth crime and violence, student dropout prevention and intervention services, and any other services that may be available in the community, the goal and purpose of which are to assist at-risk youth;

(B) Multipurpose service centers for displaced homemakers pursuant to article 15.5 of title 8, C.R.S., and other information to assist displaced homemakers, which information shall relate to employment counseling, employment training, employment placement, health education and counseling services, financial management services, educational services, and legal counseling and services;

(C) Information related to health insurance and health-care coverage, including but not limited to the children's basic health plan and dental health plan, established pursuant to article 8 of title 25.5, C.R.S., and children eligible for the medical assistance program pursuant to article 5 of title 25.5, C.R.S.;

(D) Substance use disorder programs that are available in the community;

(E) Services and potential financial resources that may be available for victims of domestic abuse or domestic violence, including but not limited to counseling for persons who are victims of domestic abuse and their dependents, advocacy programs that assist victims in obtaining services and information, and educational services for victims of domestic violence;

(F) Fatherhood programs that are available in the community; and

(G) Any other services that would be beneficial to families experiencing challenges and transition necessitating court involvement, including but not limited to family stabilization services as provided in section 19-1-125, C.R.S., and mediation services; and

(VI) Providing to persons staffing the program training and ongoing support with regard to the available resources and additional referrals provided through the program at each court location.

(c) The judicial districts that are selected by the state court administrator to provide family-friendly court services shall be responsible for:

(I) Implementing a method of evaluating the effectiveness of the family-friendly court program and assessing the impact of the child care and informational services provided through the program; and

(II) Reporting annually to the state court administrator concerning the results of the judicial district's evaluation of the family-friendly court program as well as an accounting of fiscal contributions received and expenditures made by the judicial district for the implementation, administration, and maintenance of the program and such other information that the state court administrator may require or that the judicial district determines to be relevant and informative.

(d) The judicial districts that are selected by the state court administrator to provide family-friendly court services that provide child care services shall meet the licensing requirements for child care facilities set forth in part 3 of article 5 of title 26.5, and all child care licensing rules promulgated by the executive director of the department of early childhood.

(e) In addition to grants received from the state court administrator pursuant to this section, judicial districts implementing or enhancing existing family-friendly court programs pursuant to this section are authorized to accept any funds, grants, gifts, or donations from any private or public source for the purpose of implementing this section; except that no grant or donation shall be accepted if the conditions attached to the grant or donation require the expenditure thereof in a manner contrary to law. Any such moneys received by a judicial district shall be credited to the family-friendly court program cash fund created in subsection (6) of this section for grants awarded by the board pursuant to this section.

(6) Family-friendly court program cash fund. (a) There is hereby created in the state treasury the family-friendly court program cash fund. The moneys in the family-friendly court program cash fund shall be subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly for the implementation of this section. The state court administrator is authorized to accept on behalf of the state any grants, gifts, or donations from any private or public source for the purpose of this section. All private and public funds received through grants, gifts, or donations shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the family-friendly court program cash fund in addition to any moneys that may be appropriated to the cash fund directly by the general assembly. In addition, commencing July 1, 2002, the one-dollar surcharge set forth in section 42-4-1701 (4)(a)(VI), C.R.S., shall be transmitted to the state treasurer who shall credit the same to the family-friendly court program cash fund created in this subsection (6). All investment earnings derived from the deposit and investment of moneys in the fund shall remain in the fund and shall not be transferred or revert to the general fund of the state at the end of any fiscal year.

(b) All moneys in the family-friendly court program cash fund, created in paragraph (a) of this subsection (6), shall be available for grants awarded by the state court administrator to judicial districts seeking to implement or enhance existing family-friendly court programs and administrative costs associated with the implementation and administration of this section. The state court administrator, subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly, is hereby authorized to expend moneys appropriated to the judicial department from the family-friendly court program cash fund to judicial districts seeking to establish or enhance family-friendly court programs pursuant to this section.

(6.5) Notwithstanding any provision of subsection (6) of this section to the contrary, on April 20, 2009, the state treasurer shall deduct two hundred thousand dollars from the family-friendly court program cash fund and transfer such sum to the general fund.

(7) The state court administrator shall announce to all judicial districts the availability of grants pursuant to this section for the establishment and maintenance or enhancement of family-friendly court services programs in the judicial districts.

(8) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2005, p. 1000, § 1, effective June 2, 2005.)
C.R.S. § 13-54.5-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54.5 / Section 13-54.5-111
13-54.5-111. Supreme court rules
Status: in_force

13-54.5-111. Supreme court rules. The practice and procedure in garnishment actions instituted pursuant to this article, and all forms in connection therewith, shall be in accordance with rules prescribed by the supreme court pursuant to article 2 of this title.
C.R.S. § 13-21-105.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-105.5
13-21-105.5. Infant crib safety act - legislative declaration - definitions - safety standard
Status: in_force

13-21-105.5. Infant crib safety act - legislative declaration - definitions - safety standards - exemptions - action for damages. (1) This section shall be known and may be cited as the "Infant Used Crib Safety Act of 1998".

(2) The general assembly hereby finds that parents' use of used infant cribs occasionally results in crib accidents that may lead to infants' injuries or deaths, and therefore such used cribs pose a serious threat to the public health, safety, and welfare. The general assembly further finds that the majority of parents use secondhand, hand-me-down, or heirloom cribs for their infants and therefore it is especially important to raise public awareness of the dangers of used cribs in order to prevent the injuries or deaths that may result from their use. The general assembly finds that the design and construction of infant cribs must ensure that they are safe for an infant's use, thereby providing the infant's parent or other caregiver some degree of confidence in using the crib. The general assembly therefore concludes that discouraging the sale, lease, or subletting of unsafe used cribs will significantly reduce the number of injuries and deaths caused by used infant cribs.

(3) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Commercial dealer" means any person or entity who:

(I) Regularly deals in used full-size or nonfull-size cribs; or

(II) Regularly sells, leases, sublets, or otherwise places in the stream of commerce used full-size or nonfull-size cribs; or

(III) Purchases one or more used full-size or nonfull-size cribs for the purpose of resale.

(b) "Crib" means a bed or containment designed to accommodate an infant.

(c) "Full-size crib" means a full-size crib as defined in 16 CFR sec. 1508.1 (a), regarding the requirements for full-size cribs.

(d) "Infant" means any person less than thirty-five inches tall and less than three years of age.

(e) "Nonfull-size crib" means a nonfull-size crib as defined in 16 CFR sec. 1509.2 (b), regarding the requirements for nonfull-size cribs.

(f) "Used" means previously owned by a consumer.

(4) No commercial dealer may sell, contract to sell or resell, lease, sublet, or otherwise place in the stream of commerce a used full-size or nonfull-size crib that is unsafe at the time of sale or lease, as provided in subsection (6) of this section.

(5) (a) The consumer protection division of the Colorado department of public health and environment shall make available to the public a copy of the federal standards and a copy of the voluntary standards of the American society for testing materials as specified in paragraph (b) of this subsection (5). One copy shall also be provided to the state publications depository and distribution center. The state librarian shall retain a copy of the material and shall make a copy available for interlibrary loans.

(b) The provisions of this subsection (5) apply to the following materials:

(I) 16 CFR sec. 1508 et seq., and any subsequent amendments or additions to said sections;

(II) 16 CFR sec. 1509 et seq., and any subsequent amendments or additions to said sections;

(III) 16 CFR sec. 1303 et seq., and any subsequent amendments or additions to said sections; and

(IV) The voluntary standards of the American society for testing materials or any successor organization.

(6) Any used crib that has any of the following dangerous features or characteristics at the time of sale or lease shall be presumed to be unsafe pursuant to this section:

(a) Corner posts that extend more than one-sixteenth of an inch;

(b) Spaces between side slats that are wider than two and three-eighths inches;

(c) Mattress supports that may be easily dislodged from any point of the crib. A mattress segment may be easily dislodged if it cannot withstand at least a twenty-five pound upward force from underneath the crib.

(d) Cutout designs on the end panels of the crib;

(e) Rail height dimensions that do not conform to the following:

(I) The height of the rail and end panel as measured from the top of the rail or panel in its lowest position to the top of the mattress support in its highest position is at least twenty-two and eight tenths centimeters or nine inches;

(II) The height of the rail and end panel as measured from the top of the rail or panel in its highest position to the top of the mattress support in its lowest position is at least sixty-six centimeters or twenty-six inches;

(f) Any screws, bolts, or hardware that are loose and not secured;

(g) Sharp edges, points, or rough surfaces or any wood surfaces that are not smooth and free from splinters, splits, or cracks;

(h) Nonfull-size cribs with tears in mesh or fabric sides.

(7) A crib is exempt from the provisions of this section if:

(a) It is not intended for use by an infant; and

(b) At the time of selling, reselling, leasing, or subletting the crib or otherwise placing the crib in the stream of commerce, the commercial dealer attaches a written notice to the crib declaring that it is not intended to be used for an infant and is unsafe for use by an infant.

(8) (a) A person who is a parent or guardian of an infant and who purchases a used crib on or after July 1, 1998, that, at the time of sale or lease, is presumed to be unsafe as provided in subsection (6) of this section may bring an action, on the parent's or guardian's own behalf and on behalf of the infant, against the commercial dealer from whom the parent or guardian purchased the used crib. In such action, the parent or guardian may seek to enjoin the commercial dealer from selling, contracting to sell, contracting to resell, leasing, or subletting any used full-size or nonfull-size crib that, at the time of sale or lease, is presumed to be unsafe as provided in subsection (6) of this section.

(b) In addition to an injunction, the parent or guardian may seek return of the purchase price of the crib, reasonable attorney fees and costs, and, if the infant has sustained injury or death as a result of using the crib, such additional damages as are provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-2-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-121
13-2-121. Manner of disbursement
Status: in_force

13-2-121. Manner of disbursement. The state controller is authorized to draw warrants upon said fund, from time to time upon certificate, of the sums required for the purposes specified in section 13-2-120 under the signature of the chief justice or a majority of the judges of the supreme court, and the state treasurer is directed to pay the same out of said fund.
C.R.S. § 13-1-135 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-135
13-1-135. Family courts - implementation report
Status: repealed

13-1-135. Family courts - implementation report. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-40-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-111
13-40-111. Issuance and return of summons
Status: repealed

13-40-111. Issuance and return of summons. (1) Upon filing the complaint as required in section 13-40-110, the clerk of the court or the attorney for the plaintiff shall issue a summons. The summons must command the defendant to appear before the court at a place named in the summons and at a time and on a day not less than seven days but not more than fourteen days after the day of issuing the same to answer the complaint of plaintiff. A court shall not enter a default judgment for possession before the close of business on the date upon which an appearance is due. The summons must also contain a statement addressed to the defendant stating: "If you do not respond to the landlord's complaint by filing a written answer with the court on or before the date and time in this summons or appearing in court at the date and time in this summons, the judge may enter a default judgment against you in favor of your landlord for possession. A default judgment for possession means that you will have to move out, and it may mean that you will have to pay money to the landlord. In your answer to the court, you can state why you believe you have a right to remain in the property, whether you admit or deny the landlord's factual allegations against you, and whether you believe you were given proper notice of the landlord's reasons for terminating your tenancy before you got this summons."

(2) Repealed.

(3) For actions commenced pursuant to section 13-40-104 (1)(f) and (1)(g) only, if no answer to the complaint is filed as provided in subsection (1) of this section, the court shall examine the complaint, and, if satisfied that venue is proper and the plaintiff is entitled to possession of the premises, the court shall dispense with appearances by the plaintiff or a hearing and shall forthwith enter a judgment for possession, present or future damages, and costs.

(4) A summons issued pursuant to this section must contain a statement in bold-faced type notifying the defendant that:

(a) Any records associated with the action are suppressed and not accessible to the public until an order is entered granting the plaintiff possession of the premises;

(b) If the plaintiff is granted possession of the premises, the court records may remain private if both parties agree to suppress the records; and

(c) For a residential action filed in county court pursuant to this article 40, either party has a right to appear in person or remotely by phone or video on a platform designated by the court. If a party participates remotely and the party is disconnected or there is a technology failure, the court shall make all reasonable efforts to contact the party and shall allow reasonable time for the party to reestablish connection. If the party is unable to reestablish connection, the court shall reschedule the hearing in person on the first available date after the date of the originally scheduled hearing but no later than one week after the originally scheduled hearing, to the extent practicable. The court shall not enter a default judgment if a party is unable to participate remotely due to a technological disconnection or failure.

(5) A summons issued pursuant to this section must also contain a list of available resources with a website link and phone number for residential tenants to obtain civil legal aid and rental assistance. The department of local affairs shall make available and keep current the list of resources available. Local government entities may also provide or supplement the list of resources and provide such resources to the department of local affairs for publication on its website.

(6) A summons issued pursuant to this section must also contain:

(a) A copy of a blank answer form required pursuant to section 13-40-113. The form must include a place for the defendant to indicate whether the defendant will participate in the eviction hearing in person or remotely by phone or video on a platform designated by the court.

(b) A form that allows either party to request all documents in the landlord's and tenant's possession relevant to the current action; and

(c) Information about how a pro se party can file documents related to the case.
C.R.S. § 13-50.5-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 50.5 / Section 13-50.5-101
13-50.5-101. Short title
Status: in_force

13-50.5-101. Short title. This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act".
C.R.S. § 13-14.5-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14.5 / Section 13-14.5-114
13-14.5-114. Instructional and informational material - definition
Status: in_force

13-14.5-114. Instructional and informational material - definition. (1) (a) The state court administrator shall develop standard petitions and extreme risk protection order forms and temporary extreme risk protection order forms in more than one language consistent with state judicial department practices. The standard petition and order forms must be used after January 1, 2020, for all petitions filed and orders issued pursuant to this article 14.5. The state court administrator may consult with interested parties in developing the petitions and forms. The materials must be available online consistent with state judicial department practices.

(b) The extreme risk protection order form must include, in a conspicuous location, notice of criminal penalties resulting from violation of the order and the following statement:

You have the sole responsibility to avoid or refrain from violating this extreme risk protection order's provisions. Only the court can change the order and only upon written motion.

(2) A court clerk for each judicial district shall create a community resource list of crisis intervention, mental health, substance abuse, interpreter, counseling, and other relevant resources serving the county in which the court is located. The court shall make the community resource list available as part of or in addition to the informational brochures described in subsection (1) of this section.

(3) The state court administrator shall distribute a master copy of the standard petition and extreme risk protection order forms to all court clerks and all district and county courts.

(4) Courts shall accept petitions pursuant to sections 13-14.5-103 and 13-14.5-104 beginning on January 1, 2020.
C.R.S. § 13-5-123.1 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-123.1
13-5-123.1. Twenty-third district
Status: in_force

13-5-123.1. Twenty-third district. (1) The twenty-third judicial district shall be composed of the counties of Douglas, Elbert, and Lincoln.

(2) Subject to available appropriations, the number of judges for the twenty-third judicial district is eight.
C.R.S. § 13-9-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-104
13-9-104. Number of judges
Status: in_force

13-9-104. Number of judges. There shall be one judge of the probate court of the city and county of Denver.
C.R.S. § 13-25-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-124
13-25-124. Libel and slander - how pleaded
Status: in_force

13-25-124. Libel and slander - how pleaded. In an action for libel or slander, it shall not be necessary to state in the complaint any extrinsic facts for the purpose of showing the application to the plaintiff of the defamatory matter out of which the cause of action arose. It shall be sufficient to state generally that the same was published or spoken concerning the plaintiff; and, if such allegation is controverted, the plaintiff shall establish on the trial that it was so published or spoken.
C.R.S. § 13-9-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-113
13-9-113. Terms
Status: in_force

13-9-113. Terms. Terms of the probate court shall be fixed by rule of court, but at least one term shall be held each year.
C.R.S. § 13-40-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-114
13-40-114. Delay in trial - undertaking
Status: in_force

13-40-114. Delay in trial - undertaking. If either party requests a delay in trial longer than five days, the court in its discretion may, upon good cause shown, require either of the parties to give bond or other security approved and fixed by the court in an amount for the payment to the opposite party of such sum as he may be damaged due to the delay.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1303 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 13 / Section 13-21-1303
13-21-1303. Damages
Status: in_force

13-21-1303. Damages. (1) A distributor, jobber, or manufacturer who knowingly fails to pay commissions as provided in any written contract or written sales agreement shall be liable to the wholesale sales representative in a civil action for treble the damages proved at trial.

(2) In a civil action brought by a wholesale sales representative pursuant to this section, the prevailing party shall be entitled to reasonable attorney fees and costs in addition to any other recovery.
C.R.S. § 13-25-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-114
13-25-114. Certificate of publisher
Status: in_force

13-25-114. Certificate of publisher. When any notice or advertisement is required by law or order of court to be published in any newspaper, the certificate of the printer or publisher with a printed copy of such notice or advertisement annexed, stating the number of times which the same has been published and the dates of the first and last paper containing the same, shall be sufficient evidence of the publication therein set forth. Such notices and certificates of the publication thereof, when so certified, shall be a part of the records of the court.
C.R.S. § 13-71-134 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-134
13-71-134. Penalties and enforcement remedies for harassment by employer
Status: in_force

13-71-134. Penalties and enforcement remedies for harassment by employer. (1) An employer shall not deprive an employed juror of employment or any incidents or benefits thereof, nor shall an employer harass, threaten, or coerce an employee because the employee receives a juror summons, responds thereto, performs any obligation or election of juror service as a trial or grand juror, or exercises any right under any section of this article. An employer shall make no demands upon any employed juror which will substantially interfere with the effective performance of juror service. The employed juror may commence a civil action for such damages or injunctive relief or both, as may be appropriate, for a violation of this section. The court may award treble damages and reasonable attorney fees to the juror upon a finding of willful misconduct by the employer. Any trial of such an action shall be to the court without a jury.

(2) Any employer who willfully violates this section commits willful harassment of a juror by an employer, as defined in section 18-8-614, C.R.S., which is a class 2 misdemeanor punishable as provided in section 18-1.3-501, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-25-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-107
13-25-107. Proceedings of cities and towns
Status: in_force

13-25-107. Proceedings of cities and towns. Copies of all papers, books, or proceedings or parts thereof appertaining to transactions in their corporate capacity of any town or city incorporated under any general or special law of this state, certified to be true copies by the clerk or keeper of the same, under the seal of such town or city, or under the private seal of said clerk or keeper if there is no public seal, the clerk or keeper also certifying that he is entrusted with the safekeeping of the original, shall be received as prima facie evidence of the facts so certified in any court in this state.
C.R.S. § 13-10-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-115
13-10-115. Fines and costs
Status: in_force

13-10-115. Fines and costs. All fines and costs collected or received by the municipal court shall be reported and paid monthly, or at such other intervals as may be provided by an ordinance of the municipality, to the treasurer of the municipality and deposited in the general fund of the municipality.
C.R.S. § 13-21-203 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 2 / Section 13-21-203
13-21-203. Limitation on damages
Status: in_force

13-21-203. Limitation on damages. (1) (a) All damages accruing under section 13-21-202 shall be sued for and recovered by the same parties and in the same manner as provided in section 13-21-201, and in every such action the jury may give such damages as they may deem fair and just, with reference to the necessary injury resulting from such death, including damages for noneconomic loss or injury as defined in section 13-21-102.5 and subject to the limitations of this section and including within noneconomic loss or injury damages for grief, loss of companionship, pain and suffering, and emotional stress, to the surviving parties who may be entitled to sue; and also having regard to the mitigating or aggravating circumstances attending any such wrongful act, neglect, or default; except that, if the decedent left neither a widow, a widower, minor children, nor a dependent father or mother, the damages recoverable in any such action shall not exceed the sum of two million one hundred twenty-five thousand dollars in any wrongful death action or binding arbitration filed on or after January 1, 2025, and before January 1, 2026, or any wrongful death claim that accrues on or after January 1, 2025, in which damages for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury may be awarded, unless the wrongful act, neglect, or default causing death constitutes a felonious killing, as defined in section 15-11-803 (1)(b), and as determined in the manner described in section 15-11-803 (7), in which case there shall be no limitation on the damages for noneconomic loss or injury recoverable in such action. No action shall be brought and no recovery shall be had under both section 13-21-201 and section 13-21-202, and in all cases the plaintiff is required to elect under which section he or she will proceed. There shall be only one civil action under this part 2 for recovery of damages for the wrongful death of any one decedent. Notwithstanding anything in this section or in section 13-21-102.5 to the contrary, there shall be no recovery under this part 2 for noneconomic loss or injury in excess of two million one hundred twenty-five thousand dollars in any wrongful death action or binding arbitration filed on or after January 1, 2025, and before January 1, 2026, or any wrongful death claim that accrues on or after January 1, 2025, in which damages for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury may be awarded, unless the wrongful act, neglect, or default causing death constitutes a felonious killing, as defined in section 15-11-803 (1)(b), and as determined in the manner described in section 15-11-803 (7). Damages arising from claims brought against a public entity or public employee, as defined in section 24-10-103, shall be controlled by the damage limitations set forth in section 24-10-114.

(b) Notwithstanding the limitation set forth in subsection (1)(a) of this section or in section 13-64-302 (1):

(I) Effective January 1, 2025, the total amount recoverable for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury, as defined in section 13-64-302 (1)(a)(I) and (1)(a)(II), in any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), based on a claim of wrongful death of a patient shall not exceed five hundred fifty-five thousand dollars, which amount applies to acts or omissions occurring on or after January 1, 2025, but before January 1, 2026.

(II) Effective January 1, 2026, the total amount recoverable for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury, as defined in section 13-64-302 (1)(a)(I) and (1)(a)(II), in any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), based on a claim of wrongful death of a patient shall not exceed eight hundred ten thousand dollars, which amount applies to acts or omissions occurring on or after January 1, 2026, but before January 1, 2027.

(III) Effective January 1, 2027, the total amount recoverable for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury, as defined in section 13-64-302 (1)(a)(I) and (1)(a)(II), in any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), based on a claim of wrongful death of a patient shall not exceed one million sixty-five thousand dollars, which amount applies to acts or omissions occurring on or after January 1, 2027, but before January 1, 2028.

(IV) Effective January 1, 2028, the total amount recoverable for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury, as defined in section 13-64-302 (1)(a)(I) and (1)(a)(II), in any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), based on a claim of wrongful death of a patient shall not exceed one million three hundred twenty thousand dollars, which amount applies to acts or omissions occurring on or after January 1, 2028, but before January 1, 2029.

(V) Effective January 1, 2029, the total amount recoverable for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury, as defined in section 13-64-302 (1)(a)(I) and (1)(a)(II), in any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), based on a claim of wrongful death of a patient shall not exceed one million five hundred seventy-five thousand dollars, which amount applies to acts or omissions occurring on or after January 1, 2029, but before January 1, 2030.

(VI) Effective January 1, 2030, the limitation on damages specified in subsection (1)(b)(V) of this section shall be adjusted in accordance with section 13-21-203.7 (4).

(VII) The limitations of subsection (1)(b)(I) of this section are not applicable to a health- care professional who is a public employee under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act" and are not applicable to a certified health-care institution that is a public entity under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act".

(2) This section shall apply to a cause of action based on a wrongful act, neglect, or default occurring on or after July 1, 1969. A cause of action based on a wrongful act, neglect, or default occurring prior to July 1, 1969, shall be governed by the law in force and effect at the time of such wrongful act, neglect, or default.

(3) (a) In all actions brought under section 13-21-201 or 13-21-202 in which damages are assessed by the trier of fact, and the death complained of is attended by circumstances of fraud, malice, or willful and wanton conduct, the trier of fact, in addition to the actual damages, may award reasonable exemplary damages. The amount of such reasonable exemplary damages shall not exceed an amount that is equal to the amount of the actual damages awarded to the injured party.

(b) For purposes of this subsection (3), "willful and wanton conduct" shall have the same meaning as set forth in section 13-21-102 (1)(b).

(c) (I) A claim for exemplary damages in an action governed by this section may not be included in any initial claim for relief. A claim for exemplary damages in an action governed by this section shall be allowed by amendment to the pleadings only after the passage of sixty days following the exchange of initial disclosures pursuant to rule 26 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure and the plaintiff establishes prima facie proof of a triable issue. After the plaintiff establishes the existence of a triable issue of exemplary damages, the court may, in its discretion, allow additional discovery on the issue of exemplary damages as the court deems appropriate.

(II) A claim for exemplary damages in an action governed by this section shall not be time barred by the applicable provisions of law for the commencement of actions, so long as:

(A) The claim for exemplary damages arises, pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection (3), from the claim in such action that is brought under section 13-21-201 or 13-21-202; and

(B) The claim in such action that is brought under section 13-21-201 or 13-21-202 is not time barred.

(III) The assertion of a claim for exemplary damages in an action governed by this section shall not be rendered ineffective solely because the assertion was made after the applicable deadline contained in the court's case management order, so long as the plaintiff establishes that he or she did not discover, and could not have reasonably discovered prior to such deadline, the grounds for asserting the exemplary damages claim.

(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (3) of this section, the court may reduce or disallow the award of exemplary damages to the extent that:

(a) The deterrent effect of the damages has been accomplished; or

(b) The conduct that resulted in the award has ceased; or

(c) The purpose of such damages has otherwise been served.

(5) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (3) of this section, the court may increase any award of exemplary damages to a sum not to exceed three times the amount of actual damages, if it is shown that:

(a) The defendant has continued the behavior or repeated the action that is the subject of the claim against the defendant in a willful and wanton manner against another person or persons during the pendency of the case; or

(b) The defendant has acted in a willful and wanton manner during the pendency of the action in a manner that has further aggravated the damages of the plaintiff when the defendant knew or should have known such action would produce aggravation.

(6) The provisions of this section shall not apply to a peace officer, as described in section 16-2.5-101, C.R.S., or to any firefighter, as defined in section 18-3-201 (1.5), C.R.S., for claims arising out of injuries sustained from an act or omission of the peace officer or firefighter acting in the performance of his or her duties and within the scope of his or her employment.

(7) Nothing in this section shall be construed to alter or amend the provisions of section 13-64-302.5 or the provisions of part 1 of article 10 of title 24, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-20-207 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 2 / Section 13-20-207
13-20-207. Correspondent not to be disclosed - cross-examination - effect
Status: in_force

13-20-207. Correspondent not to be disclosed - cross-examination - effect. (1) No attorney appearing in any of the proceedings mentioned in section 13-20-206 on behalf of a party thereto asserting misconduct by the adverse party shall ask of any witness any question intended or calculated to disclose the name or identity of any third person charged as correspondent or participant in any such misconduct, nor shall any party or witness testifying on behalf of a party asserting misconduct by the adverse party name or identify any third person charged as a correspondent or participant in any such misconduct; except that, if the court in the exercise of sound discretion so orders, counsel for any party charged with any act of misconduct with a third person may be permitted to cross-examine a witness who has testified to any such act of misconduct concerning the identity of any such third person and, within such limits as the court may prescribe, such witness may make answer to questions so asked.

(2) In all testimony in such actions, proceedings, and citations, designation of such correspondent or other alleged participant in misconduct by general language not sufficient for identification operates with the same legal effect as complete identification. The discretion vested in the court by this section shall be exercised in such manner as to avoid injustice to litigants, while at the same time avoiding so far as possible the public revelation of the name or identity of such third person, and to this end the court, in all such cases, may impound pleadings or other documents in the case and hear such testimony in chambers. This section shall not be construed to change the grounds for dissolution of marriage or impair the substantive rights of parties in those cases, but to regulate pleading, practice, and testimony therein so as to eliminate criminal intimidation and public scandal. The provisions of this section apply as well to the taking of testimony by deposition as to proceedings before the court. The deposition of any correspondent or participant in misconduct shall be taken behind closed doors and, when filed in court, shall be sealed, not to be opened without the order of the court. Any willful violation of any provision of this section by any attorney, party, or witness constitutes a direct contempt of the court having jurisdiction of the proceedings in which the same occurs and may be punished by the court with a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars as the court deems proper.
C.R.S. § 13-27-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 27 / Section 13-27-105
13-27-105. Required medium
Status: in_force

13-27-105. Required medium. If a law of this state requires that a sworn declaration be presented in a particular medium, an unsworn declaration must be presented in that medium.
C.R.S. § 13-71-119 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-119
13-71-119. Deferments and excuses - limitations
Status: in_force

13-71-119. Deferments and excuses - limitations. (1) It shall be the policy of this article that every trial juror shall be prepared to serve three trial days except as otherwise provided in this section or in section 13-71-104, 13-71-105, or 13-71-119.5.

(2) The court or the jury commissioner may defer or advance the term of service of the trial or grand juror upon a finding as provided in section 13-71-104, 13-71-105, or 13-71-119.5. The court may excuse a juror from grand juror service upon a finding of hardship or inconvenience, taking into consideration the length of grand juror service. The court may excuse a juror from trial juror service upon a finding of extreme hardship. The court may dismiss a trial or grand juror at any time in the best interest of justice.

(3) The court, after a hearing, may excuse and discharge an impaneled juror prior to jury deliberation upon a finding of extreme hardship, and such discharge shall not be grounds for objection or a mistrial as long as the statutorily or constitutionally required number of jurors remain able to proceed with the trial and deliberation. The court, after a hearing, may excuse and discharge a juror participating in jury deliberation only upon a finding of an emergency or for any other compelling reason. If the statutorily or constitutionally required number of jurors does not remain to hear evidence or to participate in jury deliberation after the discharge of a juror, the trial may continue with the lesser number of jurors only upon agreement of all parties on the record. The court may discharge an impaneled juror who has not appeared for juror service upon a finding that there is a strong likelihood that an unreasonable delay in the trial would occur if the court were to await the appearance of the juror. The court may exercise any authority granted in this section at any time before or during a juror's term of service.
C.R.S. § 13-5.7-204 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.7 / Part 2 / Section 13-5.7-204
13-5.7-204. Equal justice authority board - membership and meetings - rules
Status: in_force

13-5.7-204. Equal justice authority board - membership and meetings - rules. (1) The authority is governed by the equal justice authority board, which is made up of seven members who are residents of this state and have a demonstrated commitment to providing civil legal aid through current or prior employment with a qualified civil legal aid provider, or through substantial volunteer service with a similar organization.

(2) Members of the board must be appointed as follows:

(a) One member appointed by the chief justice of the Colorado supreme court;

(b) One member appointed by the attorney general;

(c) One member appointed by the Colorado bar association;

(d) One member appointed by the Colorado lawyer trust account foundation; and

(e) Three members appointed by the Colorado access to justice commission, at least two of whom are employed by a qualified civil legal aid provider, and at least one of whom is employed by a qualified civil legal aid provider that employs ten or fewer full-time attorneys.

(3) The appointing authorities shall make reasonable efforts to appoint board members that reflect the geographic and demographic diversity of the state, including members from both rural and urban parts of the state, and members of diverse political, racial, ability, cultural group, and socioeconomic status.

(4) Members serve terms of three years; except that initial terms of the members appointed by the Colorado access to justice commission are two-year terms in order to stagger the terms so that no more than four members' terms expire in the same year. The appointing authorities shall designate the initial terms and fill any vacancies on the board.

(5) Terms expire on December 31 of the final year of the term.

(6) Members may be reappointed to serve two additional terms.

(7) A member may be removed from the board by majority vote of the board for misfeasance, malfeasance, willful neglect of duty, or other cause after notice and a public hearing, unless notice and a public hearing are expressly waived in writing by the member being removed.

(8) The board shall meet at least four times per year.

(9) The board shall elect a chair and a vice-chair at its first meeting of each calendar year.

(10) Members serve without compensation but must be reimbursed for actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.

(11) The board shall adopt its own rules of procedure and keep a record of all proceedings.

(12) The board, by resolution, shall establish rules to ensure money received from a grant is used for purposes specified in section 13-5.7-206 and to establish a funding formula to use to determine the grant distribution amount for each qualified civil legal aid provider.

(13) (a) The authority may cooperate and enter into contracts with the commission or another agency or entity, for administrative or operational assistance, including for staffing.

(b) The authority shall pay the contracted entity in advance for all agreed upon costs incurred by the contracted entity in providing staffing for the authority to carry out its mission, including compensation for employees staffing the authority and any administration and indirect costs associated with staffing the authority.

(14) If the contracted entity expects to incur actual costs as a result of staffing the authority that exceed the amount provided by the authority pursuant to section 13-5.7-206, the authority shall pay the contracted entity for all costs incurred by the contracted entity in providing staffing to the authority, including, but limited to, compensation for employees staffing the authority and administrative costs in an amount agreed upon by the authority and contracted entity.

(15) The attorney general shall represent the authority in a cause of action.
C.R.S. § 13-6-205 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 2 / Section 13-6-205
13-6-205. Term and appointment of judges
Status: in_force

13-6-205. Term and appointment of judges. The term of office of county judges shall be four years. County judge appointments shall be made pursuant to section 20 of article VI of the state constitution. This section shall not apply to the city and county of Denver, and the term of office and manner of selection of county judges therein shall be determined by the charter and ordinances thereof.
C.R.S. § 13-93-309 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-309
13-93-309. Practicing law without license deemed contempt
Status: in_force

13-93-309. Practicing law without license deemed contempt. An individual who, without having obtained a license from the supreme court of this state, advertises, represents, or holds the individual's self out in any manner as a licensed legal paraprofessional or who appears in any court of record in this state to conduct a suit, action, proceeding, or cause for another individual is guilty of contempt of the supreme court of this state and of the court in which the individual appears and must be punished according to law.
C.R.S. § 13-92-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 92 / Section 13-92-102
13-92-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-92-102. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Child" means a person under eighteen years of age.

(1.5) "Commission" means the respondent parents' counsel governing commission established in section 13-92-103.

(2) "Department" means the judicial department.

(2.5) "Director" means the director of the office of the respondent parents' counsel.

(3) "Office" means the office of the respondent parents' counsel established in section 13-92-103.

(4) "Parent" means a natural parent of a child, as may be established pursuant to article 4 of title 19, C.R.S., a parent by adoption, or a legal guardian.
C.R.S. § 13-1-204 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 2 / Section 13-1-204
13-1-204. Court security cash fund - creation - grants - regulations
Status: in_force

13-1-204. Court security cash fund - creation - grants - regulations. (1) (a) There is hereby created in the state treasury the court security cash fund. The moneys in the fund shall be subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly for the implementation of this part 2. The state court administrator is authorized to accept gifts, grants, or donations from any private or public source for the purpose of implementing this part 2. All private and public moneys received by the state court administrator from gifts, grants, or donations shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the fund in addition to any moneys that may be appropriated to the fund directly by the general assembly.

(b) A five-dollar surcharge must be assessed and collected as provided by law on docket fees and jury fees for specified civil actions filed on and after July 1, 2007, on docket fees for criminal convictions entered on and after July 1, 2007, on filing fees for specified probate filings made on and after July 1, 2007, on docket fees for specified special proceeding filings made on and after July 1, 2007, on fees for specified filings in water matters initiated on and after July 1, 2007, on docket fees for specified traffic infraction penalties assessed on and after July 1, 2007, and on docket fees for civil infraction penalties assessed on or after March 1, 2022. The surcharge must be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the surcharge to the fund.

(c) (I) All investment earnings derived from the deposit and investment of moneys in the fund shall remain in the fund and shall not be transferred or revert to the general fund at the end of any fiscal year. Any unexpended and unencumbered moneys remaining in the fund at the end of any fiscal year shall remain in the fund and shall not be credited or transferred to the general fund or any other fund.

(II) Notwithstanding any provision of subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (c) to the contrary, on April 20, 2009, the state treasurer shall deduct one million five hundred thousand dollars from the court security cash fund and transfer such sum to the general fund.

(III) Notwithstanding any provision of subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (c) to the contrary, on July 1, 2009, the state treasurer shall deduct five hundred thousand dollars from the court security cash fund and transfer such sum to the general fund.

(2) Moneys from the fund that are distributed to counties pursuant to this part 2 shall be used to supplement existing county funding for purposes related to security of facilities containing a state court or probation office and shall not be used to supplant moneys already allocated by the county for such purposes.

(3) All moneys credited to the fund shall be available for grants awarded by the state court administrator, based on recommendations of the commission, to counties for the purposes described in this part 2; except that the state court administrator may use up to ten percent of the moneys annually appropriated from the fund for administrative costs incurred through the implementation of this part 2. The state court administrator, subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly, is hereby authorized to expend moneys appropriated from the fund pursuant to this part 2.

(4) In accordance with the principles set out in section 13-1-205, the commission shall adopt guidelines prescribing the procedures to be followed in making, filing, and evaluating grant applications, the criteria for evaluation, and other guidelines necessary for administering the fund.
C.R.S. § 13-80-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-117
13-80-117. No dismissal for nonjoinder
Status: in_force

13-80-117. No dismissal for nonjoinder. In an action on contract, it shall not be a defense that the plaintiff failed to join a person against whom claim is barred by this article.
C.R.S. § 13-21-128 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-128
13-21-128. Civil liability for destruction or unlawful seizure of recordings by a law enfor
Status: in_force

13-21-128. Civil liability for destruction or unlawful seizure of recordings by a law enforcement officer - definitions. (1) (a) Notwithstanding any other remedies, a person has a right of recovery against a peace officer's employing law enforcement agency if a person attempts to or lawfully records an incident involving a peace officer and:

(I) A peace officer unlawfully destroys or damages the recording or recording device;

(II) A peace officer seizes the recording or recording device without permission, without lawful order of the court, or without other lawful grounds to seize the device;

(III) A peace officer intentionally interferes with the person's lawful attempt to record an incident involving a peace officer;

(IV) A peace officer retaliates against a person for recording or attempting to record an incident involving a peace officer; or

(V) A peace officer refuses to return the person's recording device that contains a recording of a peace officer-involved incident within a reasonable time period and without legal justification.

(b) If a peace officer engages in any of the conduct described in paragraph (a) of this subsection (1), the aggrieved property owner may submit an affidavit to the peace officer's employing law enforcement agency setting forth the facts of the incident, the damage done to the owner's property, and a verifiable estimate of the replacement cost for any damaged or destroyed device. If a recording was damaged or destroyed, the owner may claim five hundred dollars as the value of the recording itself. Upon receipt of this affidavit, the law enforcement agency shall have thirty days to either pay the aggrieved property owner the amount requested in the affidavit or issue a denial of the request in writing.

(c) If a denial of claim is issued by the law enforcement agency pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subsection (1), and the aggrieved property owner disagrees with the denial, the property owner may bring a civil action against the peace officer's employing law enforcement agency for actual damages, including the replacement value of the device, the amount of five hundred dollars for any damaged or destroyed recording, and any costs and fees associated with the filing of the civil action. The court may order punitive damages up to fifteen thousand dollars and attorney fees to the property owner upon a finding that the denial by the law enforcement agency to reimburse the person pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subsection (1) was made in bad faith. If the court finds that an action brought by a person is frivolous and without merit, the court may award the law enforcement agency its reasonable costs and attorney fees.

(2) An action brought pursuant to this section does not preclude the person from seeking that criminal charges be filed against a peace officer for tampering with physical evidence in violation of section 18-8-610, C.R.S., or any other crime.

(3) For purposes of this section, "retaliation" means a threat, act of harassment, as defined in section 18-9-111, C.R.S., or act of harm or injury upon any person or property, which action is directed to or committed upon a person recording the peace officer-involved incident, as retaliation or retribution against such witness or victim.
C.R.S. § 13-25-134 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-134
13-25-134. Electronic records and signatures - admissibility in evidence - originals
Status: in_force

13-25-134. Electronic records and signatures - admissibility in evidence - originals. Pursuant to the provisions of article 71.3 of title 24, C.R.S., in any legal proceeding, nothing in the application of the rules of evidence shall apply so as to deny the admissibility of an electronic record or electronic signature into evidence on the sole ground that it is an electronic record or electronic signature or on the grounds that it is not in its original form or is not an original.
C.R.S. § 13-8-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-110
13-8-110. Clerk
Status: repealed

13-8-110. Clerk. (1) The judges of the juvenile court shall appoint a clerk of the juvenile court pursuant to the provisions of section 13-3-105.

(2) Repealed.

(3) The powers and duties of the clerk of the juvenile court shall be similar to the powers and duties of the clerk of the district court. The duties of the clerk of the juvenile court shall also include such matters as may be assigned to him by law, by court rules, and by the juvenile judges.
C.R.S. § 13-74-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 74 / Section 13-74-106
13-74-106. Presentation of evidence
Status: in_force

13-74-106. Presentation of evidence. The presentation of the evidence shall be made to the judicial district grand jury by the district attorney or his designee.
C.R.S. § 13-6-218 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 2 / Section 13-6-218
13-6-218. Assignment of county judges and retired county judges to other courts authorized
Status: in_force

13-6-218. Assignment of county judges and retired county judges to other courts authorized. Any county judge or retired county judge who has been licensed to practice law in this state for five years may be assigned by the chief justice of the supreme court, pursuant to section 5 (3) of article VI of the state constitution, to perform judicial duties in any district court, the probate court of the city and county of Denver, or the juvenile court of the city and county of Denver.
C.R.S. § 13-3-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-110
13-3-110. Expenses and compensation of judges outside county of residence
Status: in_force

13-3-110. Expenses and compensation of judges outside county of residence. (1) When it is necessary for any district court judge, in the discharge of his duties, to hold court or transact judicial business outside the county of his residence, whether within or without the judicial district in which he resides, he shall be reimbursed for his actual and necessary expenses in the manner prescribed by rule of the supreme court, together with mileage at the rate prescribed for state officers and employees in section 24-9-104, C.R.S., for each mile actually and necessarily traveled going to and returning from the place where he is engaged in judicial duties.

(2) When any county judge, juvenile court judge, or probate court judge is assigned to perform judicial duties in a court outside of his county of residence pursuant to section 5 (3) of article VI of the state constitution, he shall be reimbursed for his actual and necessary expenses in the manner prescribed by rule of the supreme court, together with mileage at the rate prescribed for state officers and employees in section 24-9-104, C.R.S., for each mile actually and necessarily traveled going to and returning from the place where he is engaged in judicial duties.

(3) (a) When any county judge is assigned to perform judicial duties in a district, probate, or juvenile court outside of the judicial district in which he resides, as provided in section 13-6-218, he shall be paid for each day of such judicial duty, in addition to reimbursement for expenses and mileage as provided in this section, an amount equal to the difference between his per diem salary and the per diem salary of the judge of the court to which he is assigned.

(b) (I) When any county judge from a county of Class C or Class D is assigned to perform judicial duties in any district court pursuant to section 5 (3) of article VI of the state constitution, and when the duties the county judge performs increase the county judge's workload beyond the percentage of workload for which he or she is paid pursuant to section 13-30-103 (1)(l), the county judge shall be paid for each day of such judicial duty, in addition to the county judge's normal part-time salary and to reimbursement for expenses and mileage as provided in this section, an amount equal to the per diem salary of the judge of the district court to which the county judge is assigned.

(II) When any county judge from a county of Class C or Class D is assigned to perform judicial duties in any other county court pursuant to section 5 (3) of article VI of the state constitution, and when the duties the county judge performs increase the county judge's workload beyond the percentage of workload for which he or she is paid pursuant to section 13-30-103 (1)(l), the county judge shall be paid for each day of such judicial duty, in addition to the county judge's normal part-time salary and to reimbursement for expenses and mileage as provided in this section, an amount equal to the per diem salary of a full-time county judge.

(c) For the purposes of this subsection (3), the per diem salary of a judge shall be computed by dividing his annual salary by the figure two hundred forty.

(4) When a retired justice of the supreme court or retired judge of any other court of record is assigned to judicial duties pursuant to section 5 (3) of article VI of the state constitution, he shall be compensated as provided in said section and be reimbursed for his actual and necessary expenses in the manner prescribed by rule of the supreme court, together with mileage at the rate prescribed for state officers and employees in section 24-9-104, C.R.S., for each mile actually and necessarily traveled in going to and returning from the place where he is engaged in judicial duties.

(5) Any mileage and expenses incurred by a judge or a retired justice or judge pursuant to this section, except judges assigned to the county court of the city and county of Denver, shall be paid by the state pursuant to section 13-3-104. The records and procedures for such payment shall be prescribed by the state court administrator pursuant to section 13-3-106.

(6) Any per diem salary pursuant to subsection (3) or (4) of this section shall be paid by the state pursuant to section 13-3-104. The records and procedures for such payments shall be prescribed by the state court administrator pursuant to section 13-3-106.
C.R.S. § 13-51.5-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51.5 / Section 13-51.5-104
13-51.5-104. Request for judicial review of local land use decisions - attorney fees - effect
Status: in_force

13-51.5-104. Request for judicial review of local land use decisions - attorney fees - effect of filing action - good faith reliance. (1) (a) The court shall award reasonable attorney fees to a prevailing governmental entity in any action for judicial review of a local land use decision involving residential use with a net project density of five dwelling units per acre or more brought pursuant to this article 51.5 or rule 106 (a)(4) of the Colorado rules of civil procedure.

(b) This subsection (1) does not apply to an action for judicial review brought by the land use applicant before the governmental entity.

(2) Filing an action for judicial review of a local land use decision pursuant to this article 51.5 or rule 106 (a)(4) of the Colorado rules of civil procedure does not affect the validity of the local land use decision. The governmental entity and public may rely on the local land use decision in good faith for all purposes until the action for judicial review is resolved.
C.R.S. § 13-40-125 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-125
13-40-125. Rights of qualified farm owner-tenant
Status: repealed

13-40-125. Rights of qualified farm owner-tenant. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-6-202 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 2 / Section 13-6-202
13-6-202. Number of judges
Status: in_force

13-6-202. Number of judges. (1) In each county there shall be one county judge; except that: In the county of El Paso, there shall be eight county judges; in each of the counties of Arapahoe and Jefferson, there shall be seven county judges; in the county of Adams, there shall be six county judges; in the county of Boulder, there shall be five county judges; in each of the counties of Larimer and Weld, there shall be four county judges; in each of the counties of Pueblo, Douglas, and Mesa, there shall be three county judges; and, in the city and county of Denver, there shall be the number of county judges provided by the charter and ordinances thereof. In the city and county of Broomfield, there shall be one county judge. One of the county judges in Boulder county shall maintain a courtroom in the city of Longmont at least three days per week. The judge of the Eagle county court shall conduct court business in that portion of Eagle county lying in the Roaring Fork river drainage area in a manner sufficient to deal with the business before the court.

(2) (a) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of county judges in the county of Jefferson shall be eight.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2009, the number of county judges in the county of Jefferson shall be nine.

(3) (a) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of county judges in the county of El Paso shall be nine.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2009, the number of county judges in the county of El Paso shall be ten.

(4) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of county judges in the county of Larimer shall be five.

(5) (a) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of county judges in the county of Adams shall be seven.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2009, the number of county judges in the county of Adams shall be eight.

(6) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of county judges in the county of Arapahoe shall be eight.
C.R.S. § 13-5-123.2 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-123.2
13-5-123.2. Twenty-third judicial district - elections in 2024 - reports - repeal
Status: repealed

13-5-123.2. Twenty-third judicial district - elections in 2024 - reports - repeal. (1) (a) Notwithstanding section 24-1-136 (11)(a)(I), commencing with the presentation in 2021 and each presentation thereafter to and including the presentation in 2025, at the joint hearings conducted pursuant to the "State Measurement for Accountable, Responsive, and Transparent (SMART) Government Act", part 2 of article 7 of title 2, the judicial department shall report on its progress toward making the system changes and other steps necessary for the creation of the twenty-third judicial district. Prior to these presentations, the judicial department shall request input from each of the counties in the then-existing eighteenth judicial district and include their input in the presentation.

(b) For state fiscal years 2020-21 to 2024-25, as part of its annual budget requests to the joint budget committee of the general assembly, the judicial department shall include details about any budget requests related to the preparation for and creation of the twenty-third judicial district.

(c) At its presentation in 2026, at the joint hearings conducted pursuant to the "State Measurement for Accountable, Responsive, and Transparent (SMART) Government Act", part 2 of article 7 of title 2, the judicial department shall prepare a final report detailing the entire transition process from the enactment of House Bill 20-1026, enacted in 2020, to the effective date of the creation of the twenty-third judicial district, detailing what aspects went relatively smoothly, what aspects created issues, and any recommendations to the general assembly concerning how any future revision of judicial district lines might be made easier.

(1.5) To facilitate the establishment of the twenty-third judicial district and the revision of the eighteenth judicial district, prior to January 14, 2025, the operations and employees of the eighteenth judicial district may be divided into two distinct units.

(2) Due to the creation of the twenty-third judicial district in 2025, at the general election in November of 2024:

(a) A question shall be presented to the electors of Arapahoe county concerning the election of the district attorney for the eighteenth judicial district who will take office in January of 2025;

(b) A question shall be presented to the electors of the counties of Douglas, Elbert, and Lincoln concerning the election of the district attorney for the twenty-third judicial district who will take office in January of 2025; and

(c) Any district court judge of the eighteenth judicial district who is eligible for retention at the November 2024 election may stand for a retention election from the electors of the eighteenth judicial district.

(3) (a) Effective January 14, 2025, any district court judge who on that date was serving as a district court judge in the eighteenth judicial district and who lives within the boundaries of the new twenty-third judicial district shall, pursuant to section 10 of article VI of the state constitution, complete the term for which the judge was last elected or appointed as a district court judge in the twenty-third judicial district. Such district court judges are eligible for a retention election in the twenty-third judicial district in the same year that they would have been eligible for a retention election in the eighteenth judicial district but for the creation of the twenty-third judicial district.

(b) On and after January 14, 2025, assignment of judges shall be pursuant to sections 10 and 11 of article VI of the state constitution.

(4) This section is repealed, effective July 7, 2027.
C.R.S. § 13-2-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-120
13-2-120. Supreme court library fund
Status: in_force

13-2-120. Supreme court library fund. The funds so set apart, together with the balance of the fund now in the state treasurer's hands and designated as the "supreme court library fund", shall be known as the "supreme court library fund", and the supreme court is authorized to use said fund for the purchase of books for the supreme court library, for paying the expenses of binding briefs and other documents for use in said library, for the purchase and maintenance of bookcases, catalogues, furniture, fixtures, and other equipment for said library, and for such other library service expenses as the chief justice deems necessary.
C.R.S. § 13-22-704 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 7 / Section 13-22-704
13-22-704. Notification concerning abortion
Status: in_force

13-22-704. Notification concerning abortion. (1) No abortion shall be performed upon an unemancipated minor until at least 48 hours after written notice of the pending abortion has been delivered in the following manner:

(a) The notice shall be addressed to the parent at the dwelling house or usual place of abode of the parent. Such notice shall be delivered to the parent by:

(I) The attending physician or member of the physician's immediate staff who is over the age of eighteen; or

(II) The sheriff of the county where the service of notice is made, or by his deputy; or

(III) Any other person over the age of eighteen years who is not related to the minor; or

(IV) A clergy member who is over the age of eighteen.

(b) Notice delivered by any person other than the attending physician shall be furnished to and delivered by such person in a sealed envelope marked "Personal and Confidential", and its content shall not in any manner be revealed to the person making such delivery.

(c) Whenever the parent of the minor includes two persons to be notified as provided in this part 7 and such persons reside at the same dwelling house or place of abode, delivery to one such person shall constitute delivery to both, and the 48-hour period shall commence when delivery is made. Should such persons not reside together and delivery of notice can be made to each of them, notice shall be delivered to both parents, unless the minor shall request that only one parent be notified, which request shall be honored and shall be noted by the physician in the minor's medical record. Whenever the parties are separately served with notice, the 48-hour period shall commence upon delivery of the first notice.

(d) The person delivering such notice, if other than the physician, shall provide to the physician a written return of service at the earliest practical time, as follows:

(I) If served by the sheriff or his deputy, by his certificate with a statement as to date, place, and manner of service and the time such delivery was made.

(II) If by any other person, by his affidavit thereof with the same statement.

(III) Return of service shall be maintained by the physician.

(e) (I) In lieu of personal delivery of the notice, the same may be sent by postpaid certified mail, addressed to the parent at the usual place of abode of the parent, with return receipt requested and delivery restricted to the addressee. Delivery shall be conclusively presumed to occur, and the 48-hour time period as provided in this part 7 shall commence to run at 12:00 o'clock noon on the next day on which regular mail delivery takes place.

(II) Whenever the parent of the minor includes two persons to be notified as provided in this part 7 and such persons reside at the same dwelling house or place of abode, notice addressed to one parent and mailed as provided in the foregoing subparagraph shall be deemed to be delivery of notice to both such persons. Should such persons not reside together and notice can be mailed to each of them, such notice shall be separately mailed to both parents unless the minor shall request that only one parent shall be notified, which request shall be honored and shall be noted by the physician in the minor's medical record.

(III) Proof of mailing and the delivery or attempted delivery shall be maintained by the physician.

(2) (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1) of this section, if the minor is residing with a relative of the minor and not a parent, the written notice of the pending abortion shall be provided to either the relative of the minor or a parent.

(b) If a minor elects to provide notice to a person specified in subsection (2)(a) of this section, the notice shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of subsection (1) of this section.

(3) At the time the physician, licensed health-care professional, or staff of the physician or licensed health-care professional informs the minor that notice must be provided to the minor's parents prior to performing an abortion, the physician, licensed health-care professional, or the staff of the physician or licensed health-care professional must inform the minor under what circumstances the minor has the right to have only one parent notified.
C.R.S. § 13-6-411.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-411.5
13-6-411.5. Place of trial
Status: in_force

13-6-411.5. Place of trial. (1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, all actions in the small claims court shall be brought in the county in which any defendant at the time of filing of the claim resides, is regularly employed, is a student at an institution of higher education, or has an office for the transaction of business.

(2) Actions to enforce restrictive covenants and actions arising under part 1 of article 12 of title 38, C.R.S., including, but not limited to, actions involving claims for the recovery of a security deposit or for damage to property arising from a landlord-tenant relationship, may be brought in the county in which the defendant's property that is the subject of the action is situated.

(3) If a defendant appears and defends a small claims action on the merits at trial, such defendant shall be deemed to have waived any objection to the place of trial permitted under this section.
C.R.S. § 13-90-205 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 2 / Section 13-90-205
13-90-205. Coordination of auxiliary services requests
Status: in_force

13-90-205. Coordination of auxiliary services requests. (1) The commission, in collaboration with the judicial department, shall establish, monitor, coordinate, and publish a list of available resources regarding communication accessibility for persons who are deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind, including qualified auxiliary services providers, for use by an appointing authority pursuant to section 13-90-204. The list must contain the names of private individual providers and agencies that secure qualified auxiliary services for assignment.

(2) Whenever a qualified auxiliary service is required pursuant to section 13-90-204, the appointing authority shall secure the auxiliary service through the list of available resources made available and coordinated by the commission in accordance with subsection (1) of this section.

(3) The commission shall provide auxiliary services for a proceeding described by section 13-90-204 (1)(a), (1)(b), or (1)(c). The commission does not have additional responsibilities beyond the requirements of subsection (1) of this section for a proceeding described in section 13-90-204 (1)(d) or (1)(f).
C.R.S. § 13-40-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-112
13-40-112. Service
Status: in_force

13-40-112. Service. (1) Such summons may be served by personal service as in any civil action. A copy of the complaint must be served with the summons.

(2) If personal service cannot be had upon the defendant by a person qualified under the Colorado rules of civil procedure to serve process, after having made diligent effort to make such personal service, such person may make service by posting a copy of the summons and the complaint in some conspicuous place upon the premises. In addition thereto, the plaintiff shall mail, no later than the next business day following the day on which he or she files the complaint, a copy of the summons, or, in the event that an alias summons is issued, a copy of the alias summons, and a copy of the complaint to the defendant at the premises by postage prepaid, first-class mail.

(3) Personal service or service by posting shall be made at least seven days before the day for appearance specified in such summons, and the time and manner of such service shall be endorsed upon such summons by the person making service thereof.

(4) For purposes of this section, "business days" means any calendar day excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays.
C.R.S. § 13-52-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 52 / Section 13-52-105
13-52-105. Legal and equitable interests
Status: in_force

13-52-105. Legal and equitable interests. Every interest in land, legal and equitable, shall be subject to levy and sale under execution, and the claim or possessory right of any defendant in execution in or to any public lands may be levied upon and sold under execution in the same manner as if the same were held by such defendant in fee simple. Nothing contained in articles 51 to 61 of this title and part 2 of article 41 of title 38, C.R.S., shall be so construed as to give any plaintiff in execution the right to levy on any lands filed on by any person in the Colorado state office of the bureau of land management, department of the interior, and occupied as a homestead by the defendant in execution.
C.R.S. § 13-62.1-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62.1 / Section 13-62.1-115
13-62.1-115. Short title
Status: in_force

13-62.1-115. Short title. This article may be cited as the "Uniform Foreign-Money Claims Act".
C.R.S. § 13-22-306 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 3 / Section 13-22-306
13-22-306. Office of dispute resolution programs - mediators
Status: in_force

13-22-306. Office of dispute resolution programs - mediators. In order to implement the dispute resolution programs described in section 13-22-305, the director may contract with mediators or mediation organizations on a case-by-case or service or program basis. Such mediators or mediation organizations shall be subject to the rules, regulations, procedures, and fees set by the director. The tasks of the mediators or mediation organizations shall be defined by the director. The director may also use qualified volunteers to assist in mediation service or dispute resolution program efforts.
C.R.S. § 13-6-504 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 5 / Section 13-6-504
13-6-504. Appeals procedure
Status: in_force

13-6-504. Appeals procedure. (1) Any appeal, either by the state or the cited person, from a judgment entered pursuant to this part 5 shall be processed as an appeal from the county court.

(2) The district attorney or deputy district attorney shall represent the state on the appeal.

(3) The state may appeal only a ruling by a magistrate that declares a state statute unconstitutional or unenforceable. Whether or not to appeal shall be in the discretion of the district attorney.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 11 / Section 13-21-1105
13-21-1105. Pleading requirements
Status: in_force

13-21-1105. Pleading requirements. (1) In any action permitted under section 13-21-1104 (2), the plaintiff shall state the following with particularity in the complaint:

(a) The statute, regulation, or other provision of state or federal law that was allegedly violated;

(b) The facts that are alleged to constitute a material violation of such law; and

(c) The facts that are alleged to demonstrate that the material violation proximately caused actual injury to the plaintiff.

(2) In addition to the requirements set forth in subsection (1) of this section, the complaint shall state with particularity facts sufficient to support a reasonable inference that the violation was knowing and willful.

(3) For purposes of applying this part 11:

(a) The pleading requirements contained in this section shall be regarded as jurisdictional prerequisites to the bringing of an action and not merely procedural provisions; and

(b) The requirements of actual injury, knowledge and willfulness, and proximate cause as described in this section shall apply to all actions commenced under this part 11 notwithstanding any provision of law of another state that may be inconsistent with or contrary to such requirements.
C.R.S. § 13-14-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14 / Section 13-14-101
13-14-101. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-14-101. Definitions. For purposes of this article 14, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Abuse of the elderly or of an at-risk adult" means mistreatment of a person who is sixty years of age or older or who is an at-risk adult as defined in section 26-3.1-101 (1.5), including but not limited to repeated acts that:

(a) Constitute verbal threats or assaults;

(b) Constitute verbal harassment;

(c) Result in the inappropriate use or the threat of inappropriate use of medications;

(d) Result in the inappropriate use of physical or chemical restraints;

(e) Result in the misuse of power or authority granted to a person through a power of attorney or by a court in a guardianship or conservatorship proceeding that results in unreasonable confinement or restriction of liberty; or

(f) Constitute threats or acts of violence against, or the taking, transferring, concealing, harming, or disposing of, an animal owned, possessed, leased, kept, or held by the elderly or at-risk adult, which threats or acts are intended to coerce, control, punish, intimidate, or exact revenge upon the elderly or at-risk adult.

(1.5) "Adult" means a person eighteen years of age or older.

(1.6) "Coercion" means compelling a person by force, threat of force, or intimidation to engage in conduct from which the person has the right or privilege to abstain, or to abstain from conduct in which the person has the right or privilege to engage.

(1.7) "Contact" or "contacting" means any interaction or communication with another person, directly or indirectly through a third party, and electronic and digital forms of communication, including but not limited to interaction or communication through social media.

(2) "Domestic abuse" means an act, attempted act, or threatened act of violence, stalking, harassment, or coercion that is committed by a person against another person to whom the actor is currently or was formerly related or with whom the actor is living or has lived in the same domicile. "Domestic abuse" may also include an act, attempted act, or threatened act of violence against:

(a) The minor children of either of the parties; or

(b) An animal owned, possessed, leased, kept, or held by either of the parties or by a minor child of either of the parties, which threat, act, or attempted act is intended to coerce, control, punish, intimidate, or exact revenge upon either of the parties or a minor child of either of the parties.

(2.1) "Domestic violence", commonly known as "intimate partner violence", means a pattern of violent behavior or an act, attempted act, or threat of violence, stalking, harassment, or coercion that is committed by a person against another person with whom the actor is involved or has been involved in an intimate relationship. A sexual relationship may be an indicator of an intimate relationship but is never a necessary condition for finding an intimate relationship.

(2.2) "Minor child" means a person under eighteen years of age.

(2.3) "Protected person" means the person or persons identified in a protection order as the person or persons for whose benefit the protection order was issued.

(2.4) (a) "Protection order" means an order that prohibits the restrained person from contacting, harassing, injuring, intimidating, molesting, threatening, touching, stalking, or committing sexual violence through sexually assaulting or abusing a protected person or from entering or remaining on premises, or from coming within a specified distance of a protected person or premises, or from taking, transferring, concealing, harming, disposing of or threatening harm to an animal owned, possessed, leased, kept, or held by a protected person, or any other provision to protect the protected person from the risk or threat of physical harm or the threat of psychological or emotional harm that is issued by a court of this state or a municipal court and that is issued pursuant to:

(I) This article 14, section 18-1-1001, 19-2.5-607, or 19-4-111, or rule 365 of the Colorado rules of county court civil procedure;

(II) Sections 14-4-101 to 14-4-105, C.R.S., section 14-10-107, C.R.S., section 14-10-108, C.R.S., or section 19-3-316, C.R.S., as those sections existed prior to July 1, 2004;

(III) An order issued as part of the proceedings concerning a criminal municipal ordinance violation; or

(IV) Any other order of a court that prohibits a person from contacting, harassing, injuring, intimidating, molesting, threatening, touching, stalking, or sexually assaulting or abusing a person, or from entering or remaining on premises, or from coming within a specified distance of a protected person or premises, or from taking, transferring, concealing, harming, disposing of or threatening to harm an animal owned, possessed, leased, kept, or held by a person, or from entering or remaining on premises, or from coming within a specified distance of a protected person or premises.

(b) For purposes of this article only, "protection order" includes any order that amends, modifies, supplements, or supersedes the initial protection order. "Protection order" also includes any emergency protection order, as described in section 13-14-103, any restraining order entered prior to July 1, 2003, and any foreign protection order as defined in section 13-14-110.

(2.8) "Restrained person" means a person identified in a protection order as a person prohibited from doing a specified act or acts.

(2.9) "Sexual violence" means an unwanted or nonconsensual sexual behavior, act or attempted act, or threatened act, including, but not limited to, unlawful sexual behavior, as described in section 16-11.7-102 (3), by a person against another person, regardless of the relationship between the actor and the petitioner.

(3) "Stalking" means any act, attempted act, or threatened act of stalking as described in section 18-3-602, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-54-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54 / Section 13-54-104
13-54-104. Restrictions on garnishment and levy under execution or attachment - definitions
Status: repealed

13-54-104. Restrictions on garnishment and levy under execution or attachment - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Disposable earnings" means that part of the earnings of any individual remaining after the deduction from those earnings of any amounts required by law to be withheld and after the deduction of the cost of any health insurance provided by the individual pursuant to section 14-14-112 and the cost of any health insurance for the individual or members of the individual's household that is provided by the individual's employer and withheld from the individual's earnings. In the case of an order for the support of a spouse, former spouse, or dependent child, "disposable earnings" includes money voluntarily deposited in tax-deferred compensation funds.

(b) (I) "Earnings" means:

(A) Compensation paid or payable to an individual employee or independent contractor for personal labor or services;

(B) Funds held in or payable from any health, accident, or disability insurance.

(II) For the purposes of writs of garnishment that are the result of a judgment taken for arrearages for child support or for child support debt, for restitution for the theft, embezzlement, misappropriation, or wrongful conversion of public property, or in the event of a judgment for a willful and intentional violation of fiduciary duties to a public pension plan where the offender or a related party received direct financial gain, "earnings" also means:

(A) Workers' compensation benefits;

(B) Any pension or retirement benefits or payments, including but not limited to those paid pursuant to articles 51, 54, 54.5, and 54.6 of title 24, C.R.S., and articles 30.5 and 31 of title 31, C.R.S.;

(C) Dividends, severance pay, royalties, monetary gifts, monetary prizes, excluding lottery winnings not required by the rules of the Colorado lottery commission to be paid only at the lottery office, taxable distributions from general partnerships, limited partnerships, closely held corporations, or limited liability companies, interest, trust income, annuities, capital gains, or rents;

(D) Any funds held in or payable from any health, accident, disability, or casualty insurance to the extent that such insurance replaces wages or provides income in lieu of wages; and

(E) Tips declared by the individual for purposes of reporting to the federal internal revenue service or tips imputed to bring the employee's gross earnings to the minimum wage for the number of hours worked, whichever is greater.

(III) For the purposes of writs of garnishment issued by the state agency responsible for administering the state medical assistance program, which writs are issued as a result of a judgment for medical support for child support or for medical support debt, "earnings" includes:

(A) Payments received from a third party to cover the health-care cost of the child but which payments have not been applied to cover the child's health-care costs;

(A.5) Unemployment insurance benefits; and

(B) State tax refunds.

(IV) For the purposes of writs of garnishment issued by a county department of human or social services responsible for administering the state public assistance programs, which writs are issued as a result of a judgment for a debt for fraudulently obtained public assistance, fraudulently obtained overpayments of public assistance, or excess public assistance paid for which the recipient was ineligible, "earnings" includes workers' compensation benefits.

(V) For the purposes of attachments of earnings or writs of garnishment that are the result of a judgment taken for court assessments including fines, fees, costs, restitution, and surcharges pursuant to section 16-11-101.6 or section 16-18.5-105, C.R.S., "earnings" also means those enumerated under subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (b).

(1.1) Repealed.

(2) (a) Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, the maximum part of the aggregate disposable earnings of an individual for any workweek that is subjected to garnishment or levy under execution or attachment may not exceed:

(I) For debts other than debts pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(II) of this section, the lesser of:

(A) Twenty percent of the individual's disposable earnings for that week; or

(B) The amount by which the individual's disposable earnings for that week exceed forty times the federal minimum hourly wage prescribed by 29 U.S.C. sec. 206 (a)(1) in effect at the time the earnings are payable; or

(C) The amount by which the individual's disposable earnings for that week exceed forty times the state minimum hourly wage pursuant to section 15 of article XVIII of the state constitution in effect at the time the earnings are payable;

(D) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (2)(a)(I)(A), (2)(a)(I)(B), and (2)(a)(I)(C) of this section, a judgment debtor may file a written objection pursuant to section 13-54.5-108 (1)(a), without the necessity of conferring with the garnishee, and seek a hearing pursuant to section 13-54.5-109 (1)(a). At the hearing the judgment debtor may establish that a greater portion of the judgment debtor's disposable earnings should be exempt from garnishment for the support of the judgment debtor or the judgment debtor's family supported, in whole or in part, by the judgment debtor. At such hearing, the court shall, pursuant to section 13-54.5-109 (2), determine whether the earnings of the judgment debtor following garnishment, together with any other income received by the judgment debtor's family, are insufficient to pay the actual and necessary living expenses of the judgment debtor or the judgment debtor and judgment debtor's family based upon proof of such expenses incurred during the sixty days prior to the hearing. In making this determination, the living expenses the court must consider include, but are not limited to, the following: Rent or mortgage; utilities; food and household supplies; medical and dental expenses; child care; clothing; education; transportation; and maintenance, alimony, or child support. If the court makes a determination of insufficiency, it shall order that more of the judgment debtor's disposable earnings should be exempt from garnishment than prescribed by subsections (2)(a)(I)(A), (2)(a)(I)(B), and (2)(a)(I)(C) of this section.

(II) For debts for fraudulently obtained public assistance or fraudulently obtained overpayments collected pursuant to section 26-2-128 (1)(a), C.R.S., the lesser of:

(A) Thirty-five percent of the individual's disposable earnings for that week; or

(B) The amount by which the individual's disposable earnings for that week exceed thirty times the federal minimum hourly wage prescribed by section 206 (a)(1) of title 29 of the United States Code in effect at the time the earnings are payable; or

(C) The amount by which the individual's disposable earnings for that week exceed thirty times the state minimum hourly wage pursuant to section 15 of article XVIII of the state constitution in effect at the time the earnings are payable.

(b) In the case of earnings for any pay period other than a week, a multiple of the federal minimum hourly wage or the state minimum hourly wage, equivalent in effect to that set forth in paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) shall be used.

(3) (a) The restrictions of subsection (2) of this section do not apply in the case of:

(I) Any order for the support of any person issued by a court of competent jurisdiction or in accordance with an administrative procedure which is established by state law, which affords substantial due process, and which is subject to judicial review;

(II) Any order of any court of the United States having jurisdiction over cases under chapter 13 of title 11 of the United States Code, the federal bankruptcy code of 1978;

(III) Any debt due for any state or federal tax.

(b) (I) The maximum part of the aggregate disposable earnings of an individual for any workweek which is subject to garnishment or levy under execution or attachment to enforce any order for the support of any person shall not exceed:

(A) Where such individual is supporting his spouse or dependent child, other than a spouse or child with respect to whose support such order is used, fifty percent of such individual's disposable earnings for that week; and

(B) Where such individual is not supporting a spouse or dependent child as described in sub-subparagraph (A) of this subparagraph (I), sixty percent of such individual's disposable earnings for that week.

(II) With respect to the disposable earnings of any individual for any workweek, the fifty percent specified in sub-subparagraph (A) of subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (b) shall be deemed to be fifty-five percent, and the sixty percent specified in sub-subparagraph (B) of subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (b) shall be deemed to be sixty-five percent if and to the extent that such earnings are subject to garnishment or wage assignment or income assignment or levy under execution or attachment to enforce a support order with respect to a period that is prior to the twelve-week period that ends with the beginning of such workweek.

(III) Notwithstanding the maximum part of the aggregate disposable earnings of an individual which is subject to garnishment as provided in this paragraph (b), a debtor who is totally and permanently disabled and who establishes that at least seventy-five percent of his income is derived from any disability income or benefits may object to the amount of the aggregate disposable earnings subject to garnishment under this paragraph (b). The court, upon consideration of the circumstances of the parties, may provide for garnishment in an amount less than such maximum amounts.

(4) The restrictions established by this section shall be adhered to whether or not the employer of the debtor is subject to garnishee process.
C.R.S. § 13-64-301 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 3 / Section 13-64-301
13-64-301. Financial responsibility
Status: in_force

13-64-301. Financial responsibility. (1) As a condition of active licensure or authority to practice in this state, every physician, dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist; every physician assistant; and every health-care institution as defined in section 13-64-202, except as provided in section 13-64-303.5, that provides health-care services shall establish financial responsibility, as follows:

(a) (I) (A) If a dentist, by maintaining commercial professional liability insurance coverage with an insurance company authorized to do business in this state or an eligible nonadmitted insurer allowed to insure in Colorado pursuant to article 5 of title 10, in a minimum indemnity amount of five hundred thousand dollars per incident and one million five hundred thousand dollars annual aggregate per year; except that this requirement is not applicable to a dentist who is a public employee under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24.

(B) A licensed dental hygienist must maintain professional liability insurance in an amount not less than fifty thousand dollars per claim and with an aggregate liability limit for all claims during a calendar year of not less than three hundred thousand dollars; except that this requirement does not apply to a licensed dental hygienist who is a public employee under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24.

(C) A licensed dental therapist must maintain professional liability insurance in an amount not less than five hundred thousand dollars per incident and one million five hundred thousand dollars annual aggregate per year; except that this requirement is not applicable to a dental therapist who is a public employee under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24.

(II) The Colorado dental board, by rule, may exempt from or establish lesser financial responsibility standards than those prescribed in this section for classes of licensed dentists, dental therapists, and dental hygienists who:

(A) Perform dental services as employees of the United States government;

(B) Render limited, occasional, or no dental services;

(C) Perform less than full-time active dental services because of administrative or other nonclinical duties or partial or complete retirement; or

(D) Provide uncompensated dental care to patients but do not otherwise provide any compensated dental care to patients.

(III) The Colorado dental board may exempt from or establish lesser financial responsibility standards for a licensed dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist for reasons other than those described in subsection (1)(a)(II) of this section that render the limits provided in subsection (1)(a)(I) of this section unreasonable or unattainable.

(IV) Nothing in this subsection (1)(a) precludes or otherwise prohibits a licensed dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist from rendering appropriate patient care on an occasional basis when the circumstances surrounding the need for care so warrant.

(a.5) (I) If a physician or a physician assistant, by maintaining commercial professional liability insurance coverage with an insurance company authorized to do business in this state or an eligible nonadmitted insurer allowed to insure in Colorado pursuant to article 5 of title 10 in a minimum indemnity amount of one million dollars per incident and three million dollars annual aggregate per year; except that this requirement is not applicable to a physician or physician assistant who is a public employee under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24.

(II) The Colorado medical board may, by rule, exempt from or establish lesser financial responsibility standards than those prescribed in this subsection (1)(a.5) for classes of physicians or physician assistants who:

(A) Perform medical services as employees of the United States government;

(B) Render limited or occasional medical services;

(C) Perform less than full-time active medical services because of administrative or other nonclinical duties or partial or complete retirement; or

(D) Provide uncompensated health care to patients but do not otherwise provide any compensated health care to patients.

(III) The Colorado medical board may exempt from or establish lesser financial responsibility standards for a physician or physician assistant for reasons other than those described in subsection (1)(a.5)(II) of this section that render the limits provided in subsection (1)(a.5)(I) of this section unreasonable or unattainable.

(IV) Nothing in this subsection (1)(a.5) precludes or otherwise prohibits a licensed physician or physician assistant from rendering appropriate patient care on an occasional basis when the circumstances surrounding the need for care so warrant.

(b) If a health-care institution, by maintaining, as a condition of licensure, certification, or other authority to render health-care services in this state, commercial professional liability insurance coverage with an insurance company authorized to do business in this state or an eligible nonadmitted insurer allowed to insure in Colorado pursuant to article 5 of title 10, C.R.S., in a minimum indemnity amount of five hundred thousand dollars per incident and three million dollars annual aggregate per year; except that this requirement is not applicable to a certified health-care institution that is a public entity under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act". In the event a health-care institution does not have a commercial professional liability insurance policy in compliance with this paragraph (b), or the limits of professional liability insurance coverage are in excess of any self-insured retention amount, or there is a deductible other than zero dollars, the health- care institution shall procure evidence that the commissioner of insurance has accepted and approved an alternative form of establishing financial responsibility in compliance with paragraph (c), (d), or (e) of this subsection (1), in accordance with applicable rules promulgated by the division of insurance. The health-care institution shall furnish evidence of alternative financial responsibility compliance to the department of public health and environment as part of the health-care institution's application for an initial or renewal license, certification, or other authority.

(c) In the alternative, by maintaining a surety bond in a form acceptable to the commissioner of insurance in the amounts set forth in paragraph (a), (a.5), or (b) of this subsection (1);

(d) As an alternative, by depositing cash or cash equivalents as security with the commissioner of insurance in such applicable amounts;

(e) As an alternative, any other security acceptable to the commissioner of insurance, which may include approved plans of self-insurance.

(2) Each such physician, physician assistant, or dentist, as a condition of receiving and maintaining an active or inactive license or other authority to provide health-care services, and each health-care institution, as a condition of receiving and maintaining an active license, certification, or other authority to provide health-care services in this state, shall furnish the appropriate authority that issues and administers the license, certification, or other authority with evidence of compliance with subsection (1) of this section. The license, certification, or other authority shall not be issued or renewed unless the health care professional or health care institution provides evidence of compliance with subsection (1) of this section to the appropriate authority that issues and administers the license, certification, or other authority.

(3) Notwithstanding the minimum amount specified in subsection (1)(a.5) of this section, if the Colorado medical board receives two or more reports pursuant to section 13-64-303 during any twelve-month period regarding a physician or physician assistant, the minimum amount of financial responsibility for that physician or physician assistant is twice the amount specified in subsection (1)(a.5) of this section. The Colorado medical board may reduce the additional amount if the physician or physician assistant, upon motion, presents sufficient evidence to the Colorado medical board that one or more of the reports involved an action or claim that did not represent any substantial failure to adhere to accepted professional standards of care. Under these circumstances, the board may reduce the additional amount to an amount that would be fair and conscionable.

(4) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2010, (HB 10-1260), ch. 403, p. 1963, § 33, effective July 1, 2010.)
C.R.S. § 13-40-107.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-107.5
13-40-107.5. Termination of tenancy for substantial violation - definition - legislative decl
Status: in_force

13-40-107.5. Termination of tenancy for substantial violation - definition - legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly finds and declares that:

(a) Violent and antisocial criminal acts are increasingly committed by persons who base their operations in rented homes, apartments, and commercial properties;

(b) Such persons often lease such property from owners who are unaware of the dangerous nature of such persons until after the persons have taken possession of the property;

(c) Under traditional landlord and tenant law, such persons may have established the technical, legal right to occupy the premises for a fixed term which continues long after they have demonstrated themselves unfit to coexist with their neighbors and co-tenants; furthermore, such persons often resist eviction as long as possible;

(d) In certain cases it is necessary to curtail the technical, legal right of occupancy of such persons in order to protect the equal or greater rights of neighbors and co-tenants, the interests of property owners, the values of trust and community within neighborhoods, and the health, safety, and welfare of all the people of this state.

(2) It is declared to be an implied term of every lease of real property in this state that the tenant shall not commit a substantial violation while in possession of the premises.

(3) As used in this section, "substantial violation" means any act or series of acts by the tenant or any guest or invitee of the tenant that, when considered together:

(a) Occurs on or near the premises and endangers the person or willfully and substantially endangers the property of the landlord, any co-tenant, or any person living on or near the premises; or

(b) Occurs on or near the premises and constitutes a violent or drug-related felony prohibited under article 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, or 18 of title 18, C.R.S.; or

(c) Occurs on the tenant's leased premises or the common areas, hallway, grounds, parking lot, or other area located in the same building or complex in which the tenant's leased premises are located and constitutes a criminal act in violation of federal or state law or local ordinance that:

(I) Carries a potential sentence of incarceration of one hundred eighty days or more; and

(II) Has been declared to be a public nuisance under state law or local ordinance based on a state statute.

(4) (a) A tenancy may be terminated at any time on the basis of a substantial violation. The termination is effective three days after service of written notice to terminate tenancy.

(b) The notice to terminate tenancy must describe the property, the particular date when the tenancy will terminate, and the grounds for termination. The notice must be signed by the landlord or by the landlord's agent or attorney.

(5) (a) In any action for possession under this section, the landlord has the burden of proving the occurrence of a substantial violation by a preponderance of the evidence.

(b) In any action for possession under this section, it shall be a defense that:

(I) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2005, p. 402, § 2, effective July 1, 2005.)

(II) The tenant did not know of, and could not reasonably have known of or prevented, the commission of a substantial violation by a guest or invitee but immediately notified a law enforcement officer of his or her knowledge of the substantial violation.

(c) (I) The landlord shall not have a basis for possession under this section if the tenant or lessee is the victim of domestic violence, as that term is defined in section 18-6-800.3, C.R.S., or of domestic abuse, as that term is defined in section 13-14-101 (2), which domestic violence or domestic abuse was the cause of or resulted in the alleged substantial violation and which domestic violence or domestic abuse has been documented pursuant to the provisions set forth in section 13-40-104 (4).

(II) Nothing in this paragraph (c) shall prevent the landlord from seeking possession against a tenant or lessee of the premises who perpetuated the violence or abuse that was the cause of or resulted in the alleged substantial violation.
C.R.S. § 13-93-206 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 2 / Section 13-93-206
13-93-206. Other rights not affected by provisions for practice by law student intern
Status: in_force

13-93-206. Other rights not affected by provisions for practice by law student intern. Nothing contained in sections 13-93-201 to 13-93-205 shall affect the right of any person who is not admitted to practice law to do anything that he or she might lawfully do prior to the adoption of these sections.
C.R.S. § 13-21-403 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 4 / Section 13-21-403
13-21-403. Presumptions
Status: in_force

13-21-403. Presumptions. (1) In any product liability action, it shall be rebuttably presumed that the product which caused the injury, death, or property damage was not defective and that the manufacturer or seller thereof was not negligent if the product:

(a) Prior to sale by the manufacturer, conformed to the state of the art, as distinguished from industry standards, applicable to such product in existence at the time of sale; or

(b) Complied with, at the time of sale by the manufacturer, any applicable code, standard, or regulation adopted or promulgated by the United States or by this state, or by any agency of the United States or of this state.

(2) In like manner, noncompliance with a government code, standard, or regulation existing and in effect at the time of sale of the product by the manufacturer which contributed to the claim or injury shall create a rebuttable presumption that the product was defective or negligently manufactured.

(3) Ten years after a product is first sold for use or consumption, it shall be rebuttably presumed that the product was not defective and that the manufacturer or seller thereof was not negligent and that all warnings and instructions were proper and adequate.

(4) In a product liability action in which the court determines by a preponderance of the evidence that the necessary facts giving rise to a presumption have been established, the court shall instruct the jury concerning the presumption.
C.R.S. § 13-21-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-121
13-21-121. Agricultural recreation or agritourism activities - legislative declaration - in
Status: in_force

13-21-121. Agricultural recreation or agritourism activities - legislative declaration - inherent risks - limitation of civil liability - duty to post warning notice - definitions. (1) The general assembly recognizes that persons who participate in certain agricultural recreation or agritourism activities may incur injuries as a result of the inherent risks involved with these activities. The general assembly also finds that the state and its citizens derive numerous economic and personal benefits from these activities. It is, therefore, the intent of the general assembly to encourage these activities by limiting the civil liability of certain persons involved in providing the opportunity to participate in these activities.

(2) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Activity instructor or equipment provider" means an individual, facility person, group, club, association, partnership, or corporation, whether or not engaged for compensation, that instructs a participant or that rents, sells, or otherwise provides equipment to a participant for the purpose of engaging in an agricultural recreation or agritourism activity.

(b) "Agricultural recreation or agritourism activity" means an activity related to the normal course of agriculture, as defined in section 35-1-102 (1), which activity is engaged in by participants for entertainment, pleasure, or other recreational purposes, or for educational purposes, regardless of whether a fee is charged to the participants. "Agricultural recreation or agritourism activity" also means hunting, shooting, swimming, diving, tubing, and riding or operating a motorized recreational vehicle that occurs on or in proximity to the property of an agricultural operation or an adjacent roadway. "Agricultural recreation or agritourism activity" includes, but is not limited to, planting, cultivation, irrigation, or harvesting of crops; acceptable practices of animal husbandry; rodeo and livestock activities; and maintenance of farm or ranch equipment. "Agricultural recreation or agritourism activity" does not include any activity related to or associated with medical marijuana as defined in section 44-10-103 (34) or retail marijuana as defined in section 44-10-103 (57).

(c) "Equipment" means a device used to engage in an agricultural recreation or agritourism activity.

(d) "Facility" means a privately owned and operated farm, ranch, or a public property that is leased or rented and under the control of the person defined in paragraph (e) of this subsection (2) on which the opportunity to engage in one or more agricultural recreation or agritourism activities is offered to a participant, regardless of whether it is situated in an incorporated area or unincorporated area.

(e) "Facility person" means a person who owns, leases, operates, manages, is an independent contractor to, or is employed at or who volunteers at a facility. For purposes of this paragraph (e) only, "person" includes any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, or commercial entity.

(f) "Inherent risks of agricultural recreation or agritourism activities" means those dangers or conditions that are an integral part of such activities, including but not limited to:

(I) The varied degrees of the skill and experience of the participants;

(II) The nature of the activity, including but not limited to the equipment used and the location where the activity is conducted;

(III) Certain hazards, such as ground conditions, surface grade, weather conditions, and animal behavior;

(IV) Collisions with other persons or objects;

(V) The types and the complexity of equipment used by the participants;

(VI) Malfunctions with equipment used by the participants;

(VII) The potential of a participant to act in a negligent manner that may contribute to injury incurred by the participant or others, such as imprudent showmanship, failing to maintain control over his or her equipment, or not acting within his or her ability.

(g) "Participant" means a person who engages in an agricultural recreation or agritourism activity, whether or not a fee is paid to participate in the activity.

(3) Except as provided in subsections (4) and (5) of this section, an activity instructor or equipment provider or facility person is not civilly liable for any property damage or damages for injury to or the death of a participant resulting from the inherent risks of agricultural recreation or agritourism activities performed or conducted on or in a facility. A participant expressly assumes the risk and legal responsibility for any property damage or damages arising from personal injury or death that results from the inherent risk of agricultural recreation or agritourism activities. A participant has the sole responsibility for knowing the range of that person's ability to participate in an agricultural recreation or agritourism activity. It is the duty of a participant to act within the limits of the participant's own ability, to heed all warnings, and to refrain from acting in a manner that may cause or contribute to the injury or death of any person or damage to any property. A participant or a participant's representative may not make any claim against, maintain an action against, or recover from an activity instructor or equipment provider or facility person for injury, loss, damage, or death of the participant resulting from any of the inherent risks of agricultural recreation or agritourism activities performed or conducted on or in a facility.

(4) (a) Nothing in subsection (3) of this section shall prevent or limit the liability of an activity instructor or equipment provider or facility person if the activity instructor or equipment provider or facility person:

(I) Rented, sold, or otherwise provided equipment to a participant, and knew that the equipment was faulty, and such equipment was faulty to the extent that it caused the injury;

(II) Committed an act or omission that constituted gross negligence or willful or wanton disregard for the safety of the participant and the act or omission was the cause of the injury; or

(III) Intentionally injured the participant.

(b) Nothing in subsection (3) of this section shall prevent or limit the liability of an activity instructor or equipment provider or facility person under liability provisions set forth in the product liability laws.

(c) A participant is not precluded under this section from suing and recovering from another participant for injury to person or property resulting from the other participant's act or omission. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the risk of injury from another participant shall not be considered an inherent risk or a risk assumed by a participant in an action by the participant against another participant.

(5) (a) The operator of a facility shall:

(I) Exercise reasonable care to protect against dangers of which he or she actually knew; or

(II) Give warning of any dangers that are ordinarily present on the property.

(b) (I) The operator of a facility may provide notice of the inherent risks of agricultural recreation or agritourism activities either by a statement signed by the participant or a sign or signs prominently displayed at the place or places where the agricultural recreation or agritourism activities take place. The statement or sign must set forth the following warning notice:

WARNING

UNDER COLORADO LAW, THERE IS NO LIABILITY FOR THE DEATH OF OR INJURY TO A PARTICIPANT IN AN AGRICULTURAL RECREATION OR AGRITOURISM ACTIVITY RESULTING FROM THE INHERENT RISKS OF THE AGRICULTURAL RECREATION OR AGRITOURISM ACTIVITY, PURSUANT TO SECTION 13-21-121, COLORADO REVISED STATUTES.

(II) The text on the sign must be in black letters at least one inch in height.
C.R.S. § 13-9-119 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-119
13-9-119. Appeals
Status: in_force

13-9-119. Appeals. Appellate review of final judgments of the probate court shall be by the supreme court or by the court of appeals, as provided by law, and shall be conducted in the same manner as prescribed by the Colorado appellate rules for review by the court of appeals and the supreme court of final judgments of the district courts.
C.R.S. § 13-23-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-103
13-23-103. Required disclosures to payee
Status: in_force

13-23-103. Required disclosures to payee. (1) Not fewer than three days prior to the date on which a payee signs a transfer agreement, the transferee shall provide to the payee a separate disclosure statement, in bold type no smaller than fourteen points, setting forth:

(a) The amounts and due dates of the structured settlement payments to be transferred;

(b) The aggregate amount of such payments;

(c) The discounted present value of the payments to be transferred, which shall be identified as the "calculation of current value of the transferred structured settlement payments under federal standards for valuing annuities", and the amount of the applicable federal rate used in calculating such discounted present value;

(d) The gross advance amount;

(e) An itemized listing of all applicable transfer expenses, other than attorney fees and related disbursements, payable in connection with the transferee's application for approval of the transfer and the transferee's best estimate of the amount of any attorney fees and related disbursements;

(f) The net advance amount;

(g) The amount of any penalties or liquidated damages payable by the payee in the event of a breach of the transfer agreement by the payee; and

(h) A statement that the payee has the right to cancel the transfer agreement, without penalty or further obligation, not later than the third business day after the date the agreement is signed by the payee.
C.R.S. § 13-25-126.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-126.5
13-25-126.5. Documents arising from environmental self-evaluation - admissibility in evidence
Status: in_force

13-25-126.5. Documents arising from environmental self-evaluation - admissibility in evidence. (1) The general assembly hereby finds and declares that protection of the environment is enhanced by the public's voluntary compliance with environmental laws and that the public will benefit from incentives to identify and remedy environmental compliance issues. It is further declared that limited expansion of the protection against disclosure will encourage such voluntary compliance and improve environmental quality and that the voluntary provisions of this act will not inhibit the exercise of the regulatory authority by those entrusted with protecting our environment.

(2) For the purposes of this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Administrative law judge" means any person appointed to be an administrative law judge pursuant to part 10 of article 30 of title 24, C.R.S.

(b) "Environmental audit report" means any document, including any report, finding, communication, or opinion or any draft of a report, finding, communication, or opinion, related to and prepared as a result of a voluntary self-evaluation that is done in good faith.

(c) "Environmental law" means any requirement contained in article 20.5 of title 8, C.R.S., articles 7, 8, 11, and 15 of title 25, C.R.S., or article 20 of title 30, C.R.S., in regulations promulgated under such provisions, or in any orders, permits, licenses, or closure plans under such provisions.

(d) "In camera review" means a hearing or review in a courtroom, hearing room, or chambers to which the general public is not admitted. After such hearing or review, the content of the oral and other evidence and statements of the judge and counsel shall be held in confidence by those participating in or present at the hearing or review, and any transcript of the hearing or review shall be sealed and not considered a public record, until and unless its contents are disclosed by a court or administrative law judge having jurisdiction over the matter.

(e) "Voluntary self-evaluation" means a self-initiated assessment, audit, or review, not otherwise expressly required by environmental law, that is performed by any person or entity, for itself, either by an employee or employees employed by such person or entity who are assigned the responsibility of performing such assessment, audit, or review or by a consultant engaged by such person or entity expressly and specifically for the purpose of performing such assessment, audit, or review to determine whether such person or entity is in compliance with environmental laws. Once initiated, such voluntary self-evaluation shall be completed within a reasonable period of time. Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize uninterrupted voluntary self-evaluations.

(3) An environmental audit report is privileged and is not admissible in any legal action or administrative proceeding and is not subject to any discovery pursuant to the rules of civil procedure, criminal procedure, or administrative procedure, unless:

(a) The entity or person for whom the environmental audit report was prepared, whether the environmental audit report was prepared by the entity or by a consultant hired by the entity, waives the privilege under this section;

(b) (I) A court of record, or, pursuant to section 24-4-105, C.R.S., an administrative law judge, after an in camera review, determines that:

(A) The environmental audit report shows evidence that the person or entity for which the environmental audit report was prepared is not or was not in compliance with an environmental law; and

(B) The person or entity did not initiate appropriate efforts to achieve compliance with the environmental law or complete any necessary permit application promptly after the noncompliance with the environmental law was discovered and, as a result, the person or entity did not or will not achieve compliance with the environmental law or complete the necessary permit application within a reasonable amount of time.

(II) For the purposes of this paragraph (b) only, if the evidence shows noncompliance by a person or entity with more than one environmental law, the person or entity may demonstrate that appropriate efforts to achieve compliance were or are being taken by instituting a comprehensive program that establishes a phased schedule of actions to be taken to bring the person or entity into compliance with all of such environmental laws.

(c) A court of record, or, pursuant to section 24-4-105, C.R.S., an administrative law judge, after an in camera review, determines that compelling circumstances exist that make it necessary to admit the environmental audit report into evidence or that make it necessary to subject the environmental audit report to discovery procedures;

(d) A court of record, or, pursuant to section 24-4-105, C.R.S., an administrative law judge, after an in camera review, determines that the privilege is being asserted for a fraudulent purpose or that the environmental audit report was prepared to avoid disclosure of information in an investigative, administrative, or judicial proceeding that was underway, that was imminent, or for which the entity or person had been provided written notification that an investigation into a specific violation had been initiated; or

(e) A court of record, or, pursuant to section 24-4-105, C.R.S., an administrative law judge, after an in camera review, determines that the information contained in the environmental audit report demonstrates a clear, present, and impending danger to the public health or the environment in areas outside of the facility property.

(4) The self-evaluation privilege created by this section does not apply to:

(a) Documents or information required to be developed, maintained, or reported pursuant to any environmental law or any other law or regulation;

(b) Documents or other information required to be available or furnished to a regulatory agency pursuant to any environmental law or any other law or regulation;

(c) Information obtained by a regulatory agency through observation, sampling, or monitoring;

(d) Information obtained through any source independent of the environmental audit report or any person covered under section 13-90-107 (1)(j)(I)(A);

(e) Documents existing prior to the commencement of and independent of the voluntary self-evaluation;

(f) Documents prepared subsequent to the completion of and independent of the voluntary self-evaluation; or

(g) Any information, not otherwise privileged, including the privilege created by this section, that is developed or maintained in the course of regularly conducted business activity or regular practice.

(5) (a) Upon a showing by any party, based upon independent knowledge, that probable cause exists to believe that an exception to the self-evaluation privilege under subsection (3) of this section is applicable to an environmental audit report or that the privilege does not apply to the environmental audit report pursuant to the provisions of subsection (4) of this section, then a court of record or, pursuant to section 24-4-105, C.R.S., any administrative law judge, may allow such party limited access to the environmental audit report for the purposes of an in camera review only. The court of record or the administrative law judge may grant such limited access to all or part of the environmental audit report under the provisions of this subsection (5) upon such conditions as may be necessary to protect the confidentiality of the environmental audit report. A moving party who obtains access to an environmental audit report pursuant to the provisions of this subsection (5) may not divulge any information from the report except as specifically allowed by the court or administrative law judge.

(b) (I) If any party divulges all or any part of the information contained in an environmental audit report in violation of the provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (5) or if any other person or entity knowingly divulges or disseminates all or any part of the information contained in an environmental audit report that was provided to such person or entity in violation of the provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (5), such party or other person or entity is liable for any damages caused by the divulgence or dissemination of the information that are incurred by the person or entity for which the environmental audit report was prepared.

(II) If any public entity, public employee, or public official divulges all or any part of the information contained in an environmental audit report in violation of the provisions of subsection (5)(a) of this section or knowingly divulges or disseminates all or any part of the information contained in an environmental audit report that was provided to such public entity, public employee, or public official in violation of the provisions of subsection (5)(a) of this section, such public entity, public employee, or public official commits a class 2 misdemeanor, may be found in contempt of court by a court of record, and may be assessed a penalty not to exceed ten thousand dollars by a court of record or an administrative law judge.

(6) Nothing in this section limits, waives, or abrogates the scope or nature of any statutory or common-law privilege.

(7) A person or entity asserting a voluntary self-evaluation privilege has the burden of proving a prima facie case as to the privilege. A party seeking disclosure of an environmental audit report has the burden of proving that such privilege does not exist under this section.

(8) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (3) of this section, the existence of an environmental audit report shall be subject to discovery proceedings pursuant to the rules of civil procedure, criminal procedure, or administrative procedure; except that the contents of such a report or any other privileged information contained therein shall remain confidential.

(9) This section applies to voluntary self-evaluations that are performed on or after June 1, 1994.
C.R.S. § 13-5.3-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.3 / Section 13-5.3-106
13-5.3-106. Information-sharing within the judicial department - legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-5.3-106. Information-sharing within the judicial department - legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly finds and declares that:

(a) Offices or personnel within the department are often the first to receive complaints;

(b) The department often holds evidentiary materials relating to potential misconduct and often develops evidence, through investigations or otherwise, relating to such potential misconduct;

(c) The commission cannot fully pursue its constitutional mandate unless all information relevant to a complaint available to the department is freely and promptly shared with the commission; and

(d) The credibility of the judiciary and judicial discipline are best served by the department promptly sharing with the commission all information and materials available to the department relevant to a complaint or potential misconduct.

(2) The department shall ensure that if any member of the department, including members of the office of the state court administrator, the office of the chief justice, chief judges, district administrators, the human resources department, administrative personnel, judicial districts, clerks of court, and others, receives a complaint from an employee, volunteer, or contractor for the department, the department shall:

(a) Document both the receipt of the complaint and the department's handling of the complaint, including any investigation that may be conducted, and maintain such documentation for as long as the subject of the complaint is a judge, plus three calendar years;

(b) Within not more than thirty-five days after receipt of the complaint, notify the office of the complaint and provide the office with all information within the custody or control of the department related to the complaint, including:

(I) Identification of potential witnesses;

(II) A list of any evidence held or known;

(III) Access to all evidence, including administrative files, digital data, digital or paper case files, recordings and transcripts, communications, and metadata, without charge; and

(IV) Any department investigative materials that may exist, including any investigative or action plans; and

(c) Notify any person supplying any information concerning a complaint, and any witness interviewed, of the following:

(I) The existence, role, independence from the department, and process of communicating with the commission;

(II) That information given to the commission is confidential unless and until a recommendation is made to the supreme court;

(III) Rule 2.16 (B) of the code prohibiting retaliation against any person assisting the commission;

(IV) That the department has a duty to disclose all information related to potential judicial misconduct to the commission; and

(V) That the department is prohibited from discouraging a person from sharing information with the commission, including entering into a nondisclosure agreement that would have that effect.

(3) The department's duties of disclosure arise when the department receives a complaint.

(4) If the department receives a complaint alleging judicial misconduct from an individual or entity that is not an employee, volunteer, or contractor for the department, the department shall notify the complainant of the role of the commission and provide the complainant with the commission's contact information. If the complainant submits written or electronic materials in connection with a complaint, the department shall forward those materials to the commission. Each judicial district, the appellate courts, and the state court administrator's office shall adopt a written policy to implement this provision.

(5) The duties to document and disclose potential judicial misconduct and related information continue when the department receives additional information.

(6) (a) The department shall:

(I) Adopt procedures and policies to implement the duties stated in this section and to educate department personnel about these duties; and

(II) Cooperate with any request from the commission for information related to evaluating a complaint and supply requested information or materials within a reasonable time of not more than thirty-five days after the date of request.

(b) The department shall not:

(I) Adopt any policy or enter into any contract that purports to impede disclosure of information related to potential judicial misconduct to the commission. The department shall not discourage any person or entity from cooperating with the commission or disclosing information to the commission.

(II) Withhold from the commission disclosure of materials or information for any of the following reasons:

(A) A claim of privilege held by the department, including attorney-client, attorney work product, judicial deliberation, or other claim of privilege;

(B) A claim of confidentiality;

(C) A claim of contractual right or obligation arising after May 20, 2022, not to disclose information, including a nondisclosure agreement; or

(D) A claim that any records are part of a state auditor fraud hotline investigation or report; and

(III) Retaliate, directly or indirectly, against any person communicating with the commission regarding potential judicial misconduct or its examination, any person seeking to comply with the documentation and disclosure obligations of this section, or any person otherwise assisting or suspected of assisting the commission to fulfill its constitutional mandate or its role in judicial oversight.

(c) The department and the office of attorney regulation counsel will respect the confidentiality of the commission's communications and records.

(d) Notwithstanding subsection (6)(b)(II) of this section, the department may withhold from disclosure to the commission materials and information whose disclosure is prohibited by federal law, information covered by judicial deliberation privilege, and materials and information in the department's custody or control through an established and confidentiality-based mental health or professional development program. For any materials or information withheld by the department under this subsection (6)(d), the department shall disclose to the commission the nature of the materials withheld, the reason the items are withheld, and, if requested by the commission, a privilege or confidentiality log compliant with the standards governing civil litigation discovery.

(e) The timely disclosure to the commission of information or materials pursuant to this section by the department does not, by itself, waive any otherwise valid claim of privilege or confidentiality held by the department. When the department discloses materials or information it asserts is privileged or confidential, the department and the commission shall enter an agreement under Rule 502 of the Colorado rules of evidence implementing this subsection (6)(e), in which the department and the commission agree that the disclosure does not waive, by itself, any otherwise valid claim of privilege or confidentiality held by the department, and that the commission shall hold the materials and information as confidential under the commission's procedures and not disclose privileged or confidential information to a third party except as may be required through the investigative and disciplinary process. The department and the commission may add further terms to address the individual circumstances of the matter if they agree.
C.R.S. § 13-40-128 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-128
13-40-128. Monthly residential eviction data - report - definitions
Status: in_force

13-40-128. Monthly residential eviction data - report - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Qualified entity" means:

(I) A principal department of the state described in section 24-1-110;

(II) An organization in good standing with the secretary of state that is exempt from taxation under section 501(c)(3) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", as amended, that has a demonstrated history of credible housing-related research and publications; or

(III) An institution of higher education that has a demonstrated history of credible housing-related research and publications.

(b) "Qualified request" means a request for compiled data from residential forcible entry and detainer actions that is filed in compliance with directives and policies governing the judicial department's response to requests for compiled and aggregate data.

(c) "Residential eviction data" means, for each residential forcible entry and detainer action filed pursuant to this article 40:

(I) The date the complaint was filed;

(II) The return date;

(III) The date of the scheduled hearing;

(IV) Whether the plaintiff was represented by legal counsel;

(V) Whether the tenant was represented by legal counsel;

(VI) Whether the tenant filed an answer;

(VII) Any of the following case outcomes:

(A) Default judgment;

(B) Judgment for possession;

(C) Stipulated agreement;

(D) Writ of restitution; or

(E) Dismissal;

(VIII) The zip code of the property at issue;

(IX) Whether the action was filed for:

(A) Nonpayment of rent or utilities; or

(B) Other lease violations;

(X) The total amount of unpaid rent or utilities at the time of filing, and any late fees that the plaintiff claims the tenant owes;

(XI) Whether the tenant elected to participate in person or remotely; and

(XII) Whether the plaintiff elected to participate in person or remotely.

(2) (a) Beginning July 1, 2024, Denver county court shall electronically provide residential eviction data for all actions filed in Denver county to the judicial department, and the judicial department shall electronically collect residential eviction data for all actions filed in each county, including data provided by Denver county court, pursuant to this article 40.

(b) Beginning January 1, 2025, the judicial department shall, on a monthly basis, compile and publish online in a searchable format, and make available free of charge, aggregate residential eviction data for all actions filed in each county, including residential eviction data provided to the judicial department by Denver county court, pursuant to this article 40 that concluded in the immediately preceding month; except that on January 1, 2025, the judicial department shall compile and publish online the aggregate residential eviction data for July 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024. The judicial department shall post the residential eviction data in a conspicuous place on the judicial department's website.

(c) (I) After receiving a qualified request from a qualified entity, the judicial department shall make data from residential forcible entry and detainer actions electronically available on an individual case level. A request for individual case level data must not be used for the purpose of identifying individual plaintiffs or tenants, for any action against individual plaintiffs or tenants, or to advertise or sell any goods or services.

(II) A qualifying entity shall agree to comply with data confidentiality and suppression requirements as determined by the judicial department. At a minimum, the agreement must ensure that the requesting qualified entity shall not disclose any personally identifiable information about the plaintiff or tenant, nor make the data publicly accessible in any way that would enable a third party to discern the identity of an individual plaintiff or tenant.

(3) Beginning January 2025 and each January thereafter until January 2035, the judicial department shall report to the house of representatives judiciary committee and the senate judiciary committee, or their successor committees, during the judicial department's "SMART Act" hearing pursuant to part 2 of article 7 of title 2, on the compiled residential eviction data collected and published pursuant to this section in the aggregate for the previous calendar year. At a minimum, the report must include the number of requests for individual case level residential eviction data pursuant to subsection (2)(c) of this section and the names of the requesting entities.
C.R.S. § 13-82-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 82 / Section 13-82-101
13-82-101. Short title
Status: in_force

13-82-101. Short title. This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Conflict of Laws - Limitations Act".
C.R.S. § 13-22-201 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-201
13-22-201. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-22-201. Definitions. As used in this part 2, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Arbitration organization" means an association, agency, board, commission, or other entity that is neutral and initiates, sponsors, or administers an arbitration proceeding or is involved in the appointment of an arbitrator.

(2) "Arbitrator" means an individual appointed to render an award, alone or with others, in a controversy that is subject to an agreement to arbitrate.

(3) "Court" means a court of competent jurisdiction in this state.

(4) "Knowledge" means actual knowledge.

(5) "Person" means an individual; corporation; business trust; estate; trust; partnership; limited liability company; association; joint venture; government; governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality; public corporation; or any other legal or commercial entity.

(6) "Record" means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.
C.R.S. § 13-80-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-107
13-80-107. Limitation of actions against manufacturers, sellers, or lessors of new manufact
Status: in_force

13-80-107. Limitation of actions against manufacturers, sellers, or lessors of new manufacturing equipment. (1) (a) Notwithstanding any statutory provision to the contrary, all actions for or on account of personal injury, death, or property damage brought against a person or entity on account of the design, assembly, fabrication, production, or construction of new manufacturing equipment, or any component part thereof, or involving the sale or lease of such equipment shall be brought within the time provided in section 13-80-102 and not thereafter.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this subsection (1), no such action shall be brought on a claim arising more than seven years after such equipment was first used for its intended purpose by someone not engaged in the business of manufacturing, selling, or leasing such equipment, except when the claim arises from injury due to hidden defects or prolonged exposure to hazardous material.

(c) The time limitation specified in paragraph (b) of this subsection (1) shall not apply if the manufacturer, seller, or lessor intentionally misrepresented or fraudulently concealed any material fact concerning said equipment which is a proximate cause of the injury, death, or property damage.

(2) As used in this section, "manufacturing equipment" means equipment used in the operation or process of producing a new product, article, substance, or commodity for the purposes of commercial sale and different from and having a distinctive name, character, or use from the raw or prepared materials used in the operation or process.

(3) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to a claim against a manufacturer, seller, or lessor, who, in an express written warranty, warranted manufacturing equipment to be free of defects in design, manufacture, or materials for a period of time greater than that set forth in paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of this section, if the injury complained of occurred and the claim for relief arose during the period of the express written warranty.

(4) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section shall not be applicable to indemnity actions brought by a manufacturer, seller, or lessor of manufacturing equipment or any other product against any other person who is or may be liable to said manufacturer, seller, or lessor for all or a portion of any judgment rendered against said manufacturer, seller, or lessor.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1408 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 14 / Section 13-21-1408
13-21-1408. Construction
Status: in_force

13-21-1408. Construction. (1) This part 14 must be construed to be consistent with the federal "Communications Decency Act of 1996", 47 U.S.C. sec. 230.

(2) This section does not apply to an interactive computer service, as defined in 47 U.S.C. sec. 230 (f)(2), for content provided by another person.
C.R.S. § 13-71-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-120
13-71-120. Length of juror service
Status: in_force

13-71-120. Length of juror service. Trial juror service shall be for a one-day term unless a juror is assigned to or impaneled on an incompleted trial when the one-day term ends, or unless the court orders otherwise. Nothing shall prevent a trial juror from serving on more than one jury or participating in more than one trial during the term; except that a trial juror whose deliberation ended with a verdict shall not be required to participate in a second trial even though the juror may not have completed the first day of juror service at the time of the commencement of the second trial. Jurors awaiting assignment to a trial shall be discharged as early as possible after it has been determined that their services will not be needed. Grand juror service shall be for a term of twelve months unless the court discharges the jurors earlier or enlarges such term upon a finding that the efficient administration of justice so requires; except that in no event shall a grand jury serve for longer than eighteen months.
C.R.S. § 13-51-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-104
13-51-104. Interpretation and construction
Status: in_force

13-51-104. Interpretation and construction. This article shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states which enact it and to harmonize, as far as possible, with federal laws and regulations on the subject of declaratory judgments and decrees.
C.R.S. § 13-2-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-107
13-2-107. Judge shall not act as attorney
Status: in_force

13-2-107. Judge shall not act as attorney. No justice of the supreme court shall practice as an attorney-at-law in any of the courts of the state, nor give advice touching any cause pending or to be brought therein.
C.R.S. § 13-24-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-111
13-24-111. Governmental entity as party
Status: in_force

13-24-111. Governmental entity as party. (1) The disqualification of section 13-24-109 (1) applies to a collaborative lawyer representing a party that is a government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality.

(2) After a collaborative law process concludes, another lawyer in a law firm with which the collaborative lawyer is associated may represent a government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality in the collaborative matter or a matter related to the collaborative matter if:

(a) The collaborative law participation agreement so provides; and

(b) The collaborative lawyer is isolated from any participation in the collaborative matter or a matter related to the collaborative matter through procedures within the law firm which are reasonably calculated to isolate the collaborative lawyer from such participation.
C.R.S. § 13-92-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 92 / Section 13-92-101
13-92-101. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-92-101. Legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly finds and declares that:

(a) Respondent parents' counsel plays a critical role in helping achieve the best outcomes for children involved in dependency and neglect proceedings by providing effective legal representation for parents in dependency and neglect proceedings, protecting due process and statutory rights, presenting balanced information to judges, and promoting the preservation of family relationships when appropriate;

(b) There is a need to establish additional and equitable funding to compensate respondent parents' counsel; and

(c) A clear set of practice standards for respondent parents' counsel needs to be established and made available to all parties involved in dependency and neglect proceedings.

(2) Therefore, the general assembly declares that it is in the best interests of the children and parents of the state of Colorado to have an independent office to oversee the respondent parents' counsel to improve the quality of legal representation for parents involved in dependency and neglect proceedings and who often do not have the financial means to afford legal representation.

(3) It is the intent of the general assembly to establish a respondent parents' counsel governing commission by July 1, 2015, and the office of the respondent parents' counsel in the state judicial department, beginning January 1, 2016. It is the further intent of the general assembly that all existing and new state paid respondent parent counsel appointments be transferred on July 1, 2016, to the operational structure recommended in the final report to the office of the state court administrator by the respondent parents' counsel work group, due on or before September 30, 2014, and set forth in section 13-92-103 (1)(b).

(4) (a) To implement the recommendations from the respondent parents' counsel work group, as referenced in subsection (3) of this section, the state judicial department shall include an appropriate fiscal request to the joint budget committee on or before November 1, 2014.

(b) The costs associated with the establishment of the office, including any associated FTE, shall be paid for by a transfer from the state judicial department mandated costs line item. It is the further intent of the general assembly that, for fiscal year 2015-16 and fiscal years thereafter, an appropriation shall be made to the office of the respondent parents' counsel for the purpose of payment of all financial obligations previously covered by the state judicial department mandated costs line item relating to the provision of services provided by the respondent parents' counsel as set forth in this article.
C.R.S. § 13-20-208 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 2 / Section 13-20-208
13-20-208. Penalty for violations
Status: in_force

13-20-208. Penalty for violations. Any person who violates any provision of sections 13-20-204 to 13-20-206 commits a petty offense.
C.R.S. § 13-1-128 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-128
13-1-128. Confidentiality of decisions of courts of record - violations - penalties - repe
Status: repealed

13-1-128. Confidentiality of decisions of courts of record - violations - penalties - repeal. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-62.1-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62.1 / Section 13-62.1-108
13-62.1-108. Conversions of foreign money in distribution proceeding
Status: in_force

13-62.1-108. Conversions of foreign money in distribution proceeding. The rate of exchange prevailing at or near the close of business on the day the distribution proceeding is initiated governs all exchanges of foreign money in a distribution proceeding. A foreign-money claimant in a distribution proceeding shall assert its claim in the named foreign money and show the amount of United States dollars resulting from a conversion as of the date the proceeding was initiated.
C.R.S. § 13-71-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-111
13-71-111. Contents of juror summons
Status: in_force

13-71-111. Contents of juror summons. (1) The juror summons shall state: Whether the anticipated service is that of a trial or grand juror; the beginning date of the juror service; the name, address, hour, and room number, if any, of the courthouse or office to which the juror shall report on the first day of service; the fact that a knowing failure to obey the summons without justifiable excuse is a violation of section 18-8-612, and a class 2 misdemeanor punishable as provided in section 18-1.3-501; and such other information and instructions as are deemed appropriate by the state court administrator or the jury commissioner.

(2) Every prospective juror shall also receive with the summons:

(a) Notice of the qualifications for juror service; and

(b) Instructions to jurors for retrieving juror service acknowledgment information, as described in section 13-71-132.
C.R.S. § 13-25-129.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-129.5
13-25-129.5. Statements of persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities - hearsay
Status: in_force

13-25-129.5. Statements of persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities - hearsay exception. (1) An out-of-court statement made by a person with an intellectual and developmental disability, as defined in section 25.5-10-202 (26)(a), C.R.S., not otherwise admissible by a statute or court rule that provides an exception to the objection of hearsay is admissible in any criminal or delinquency proceeding in which the person is alleged to have been a victim if the conditions of subsection (5) of this section are satisfied.

(2) (a) An out-of-court statement made by a person with an intellectual and developmental disability, as defined in section 25.5-10-202 (26)(a), C.R.S., that describes all or part of an offense described in paragraph (b) of this subsection (2) performed with, by, on, or in the presence of the declarant, and that is not otherwise admissible by a statute or court rule that provides an exception to the objection of hearsay, is admissible in any criminal, delinquency, or civil proceeding if the conditions of subsection (5) of this section are satisfied.

(b) The exception described in subsection (2)(a) of this section applies to an out-of-court statement made by a person with an intellectual and developmental disability, which statement describes all or part of any of the following offenses:

(I) Sexual assault, as described in section 18-3-402 or 18-6.5-103;

(II) Unlawful sexual contact, as described in section 18-3-404 or 18-6.5-103;

(III) Sexual assault on a child, as described in section 18-3-405 or 18-6.5-103;

(IV) Sexual assault on a child by one in a position of trust, as described in section 18-3-405.3 or 18-6.5-103;

(V) Internet sexual exploitation of a child, as described in section 18-3-405.4;

(VI) Sexual assault on a client by a psychotherapist, as described in section 18-3-405.5 or 18-6.5-103;

(VII) Incest, as described in section 18-6-301;

(VIII) Aggravated incest, as described in section 18-6-302;

(IX) Human trafficking of a minor for involuntary servitude, as described in section 18-3-503, or human trafficking of a minor for sexual servitude, as described in section 18-3-504 (2);

(X) Sexual exploitation of a child, as described in section 18-6-403;

(XI) Indecent exposure, as described in section 18-7-302;

(XI.5) An offense contained in article 6.5 of title 18; or

(XII) Criminal attempt to commit any of the acts specified in this subsection (2)(b).

(3) An out-of-court statement by a person with an intellectual and developmental disability, as defined in section 25.5-10-202 (26)(a), C.R.S., that describes any act of child abuse, as defined in section 18-6-401, C.R.S., to which the declarant was subjected or which the declarant witnessed, and that is not otherwise admissible by a statute or court rule that provides an exception to the objection of hearsay, is admissible in evidence in any criminal, delinquency, or civil proceeding in which a child is alleged to be a victim of child abuse or the subject of a proceeding alleging that a child is neglected or dependent under section 19-1-104 (1)(b), C.R.S., if the conditions of subsection (5) of this section are satisfied.

(4) An out-of-court statement made by a person with an intellectual and developmental disability, as defined in section 25.5-10-202 (26)(a), that describes all or part of an offense contained in part 1 of article 3 of title 18 or article 6.5 of title 18, or that describes an act of domestic violence as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1), not otherwise admissible by statute or court rule that provides an exception to the objection of hearsay, is admissible in evidence in any criminal, delinquency, or civil proceeding if the conditions of subsection (5) of this section are satisfied.

(5) The exceptions to the objection of hearsay described in subsections (1), (2), (3), and (4) of this section shall apply only if the court finds in a hearing conducted outside the presence of the jury that the time, content, and circumstances of the statement provide sufficient safeguards of reliability; and either:

(a) The statement is a nontestimonial statement; or

(b) (I) The declarant testifies at the proceedings; or

(II) If the declarant is unavailable to testify, the defendant has had an opportunity to cross-examine the declarant in a previous proceeding and there is corroborative evidence of the act which is the subject of the statement.

(6) If a statement is admitted pursuant to this section, the court shall instruct the jury in the final written instructions that during the proceeding the jury heard evidence repeating a person's out-of-court statement, that it is for the jury to determine the weight and credit to be given the statement, and that, in making the determination, the jury shall consider the nature of the statement, the circumstances under which the statement was made, and any other relevant factor.

(7) The proponent of the statement shall give the adverse party reasonable notice of his or her intention to offer the statement and the particulars of the statement.
C.R.S. § 13-50.5-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 50.5 / Section 13-50.5-106
13-50.5-106. Uniformity of interpretation
Status: in_force

13-50.5-106. Uniformity of interpretation. This article shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states that enact it.
C.R.S. § 13-22-707 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 7 / Section 13-22-707
13-22-707. Judicial bypass - rules
Status: in_force

13-22-707. Judicial bypass - rules. (1) (a) If any pregnant minor elects not to allow the notification required pursuant to section 13-22-704, any judge of a court of competent jurisdiction shall, upon petition filed by or on behalf of such minor, enter an order dispensing with the notice requirements of this part 7 if the judge determines that the giving of such notice will not be in the best interest of the minor, or if the court finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that the minor is sufficiently mature to decide whether to have an abortion. Any such order shall include specific factual findings and legal conclusions in support thereof and a certified copy of such order shall be provided to the attending physician of said minor and the provisions of section 13-22-704 (1) and section 13-22-706 shall not apply to the physician with respect to such minor.

(b) The court, in its discretion, may appoint a guardian ad litem for the minor and also an attorney if said minor is not represented by counsel.

(c) Court proceedings under this subsection (1) shall be confidential and shall be given precedence over other pending matters so that the court may reach a decision promptly without delay in order to serve the best interests of the minor. Court proceedings under this subsection (1) shall be heard and decided as soon as practicable but in no event later than four days after the petition is filed.

(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an expedited confidential appeal to the court of appeals shall be available to a minor for whom the court denies an order dispensing with the notice requirements of this part 7. Any such appeal shall be heard and decided no later than five days after the appeal is filed. An order dispensing with the notice requirements of this part 7 shall not be subject to appeal.

(e) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the minor is not required to pay a filing fee related to an action or appeal filed pursuant to this subsection (1).

(f) If either the district court or the court of appeals fails to act within the time periods required by this subsection (1), the court in which the proceeding is pending shall immediately issue an order dispensing with the notice requirements of this part 7.

(g) The Colorado supreme court shall issue rules governing the judicial bypass procedure, including rules that ensure that the confidentiality of minors filing bypass petitions will be protected. The Colorado supreme court shall also promulgate a form petition that may be used to initiate a bypass proceeding. The Colorado supreme court shall promulgate the rules and form governing the judicial bypass procedure by August 1, 2003. Physicians shall not be required to comply with this part 7 until forty-five days after the Colorado supreme court publishes final rules and a final form.
C.R.S. § 13-14.5-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14.5 / Section 13-14.5-107
13-14.5-107. Termination or renewal of protection orders
Status: in_force

13-14.5-107. Termination or renewal of protection orders. (1) Termination. (a) The respondent may submit one written request for a hearing to terminate an extreme risk protection order issued pursuant to this article 14.5 for the period that the order is in effect. Upon receipt of the request for a hearing to terminate an extreme risk protection order, the court shall set a date for a hearing. Notice of the request and date of hearing must be served on the petitioner in accordance with the Colorado rules of civil procedure or Colorado rules of county court civil procedure. The court shall set the hearing fourteen days after the filing of the request for a hearing to terminate an extreme risk protection order. The court shall terminate the extreme risk protection order if the respondent establishes by clear and convincing evidence that the respondent no longer poses a significant risk of causing personal injury to self or others by having in the respondent's custody or control a firearm or by purchasing, possessing, or receiving a firearm. The court may consider any relevant evidence, including evidence of the considerations listed in section 13-14.5-105 (3).

(b) The court may continue the hearing if the court determines that it cannot enter a termination order at the hearing but determines that there is a strong possibility that the court could enter a termination order at a future date before the expiration of the extreme risk protection order. If the court continues the hearing, the court shall set the date for the next hearing prior to the date for the expiration of the extreme risk protection order.

(2) Renewal. (a) The court shall notify the petitioner of the impending expiration of an extreme risk protection order sixty-three calendar days before the date that the order expires.

(b) A petitioner, a family or household member of a respondent, a community member, or a law enforcement officer or agency may, by motion, request a renewal of an extreme risk protection order at any time within sixty-three calendar days before the expiration of the order.

(c) Upon receipt of the motion to renew, the court shall order that a hearing be held not later than fourteen days after the filing of the motion to renew. The court may schedule a hearing by telephone in the manner prescribed by section 13-14.5-105 (1)(a). The respondent must be personally served in the same manner prescribed by section 13-14.5-105 (1)(b) and (1)(c).

(d) In determining whether to renew an extreme risk protection order issued pursuant to this section, the court shall consider all relevant evidence and follow the same procedure as provided in section 13-14.5-105.

(e) If the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that, based on the evidence presented pursuant to section 13-14.5-105 (3), the respondent continues to pose a significant risk of causing personal injury to self or others by having in the respondent's custody or control a firearm or by purchasing, possessing, or receiving a firearm, the court shall renew the order for a period of time the court deems appropriate, not to exceed one year. In the order, the court shall set a return date to review the order no later than thirty-five days prior to the expiration of the order. However, if, after notice, the motion for renewal is uncontested and the petitioner seeks no modification of the order, the order may be renewed on the basis of the petitioner's motion or affidavit, signed under oath and penalty of perjury, stating that there has been no material change in relevant circumstances since the entry of the order and stating the reason for the requested renewal.

(3) If an extreme risk protection order is terminated or not renewed for any reason, the law enforcement agency storing the respondent's firearms shall provide notice to the respondent regarding the process for the return of the firearms.
C.R.S. § 13-9-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-124
13-9-124. National instant criminal background check system - judicial process for awardin
Status: in_force

13-9-124. National instant criminal background check system - judicial process for awarding relief from federal prohibitions - legislative declaration. (1) Legislative declaration. The purpose of this section is to set forth a judicial process whereby a person may apply or petition for relief from federal firearms prohibitions imposed pursuant to 18 U.S.C. sec. 922 (d)(4) and (g)(4), as permitted by the federal "NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007" (Pub.L. 110-180, sec. 105).

(2) Eligibility. A person may petition for relief pursuant to this section if:

(a) (I) He or she has been found to be incapacitated by order of the court pursuant to part 3 of article 14 of title 15, C.R.S.;

(II) The person has been committed by order of the court to the custody of the behavioral health administration in the department of human services pursuant to section 27-81-112; or

(III) The court has entered an order for the person's involuntary certification for short-term treatment of a mental health disorder pursuant to section 27-65-108.5 or 27-65-109, for extended certification for treatment of a mental health disorder pursuant to section 27-65-109 (10), or for long-term care and treatment of a mental health disorder pursuant to section 27-65-110; and

(b) He or she is a person to whom the sale or transfer of a firearm or ammunition is prohibited by 18 U.S.C. sec. 922 (d)(4), or who is prohibited from shipping, transporting, possessing, or receiving a firearm or ammunition pursuant to 18 U.S.C. sec. 922 (g)(4).

(3) Due process. In a court proceeding pursuant to this section:

(a) The petitioner shall have an opportunity to submit his or her own evidence to the court concerning his or her petition;

(b) The court shall review the evidence; and

(c) The court shall create and thereafter maintain a record of the proceeding.

(4) Proper record. In determining whether to grant relief to a petitioner pursuant to this section, the court shall receive evidence concerning, and shall consider:

(a) The circumstances regarding the firearms prohibitions imposed by 18 U.S.C. sec. 922 (g)(4);

(b) The petitioner's record, which must include, at a minimum, the petitioner's mental health records and criminal history records; and

(c) The petitioner's reputation, which the court shall develop, at a minimum, through character witness statements, testimony, or other character evidence.

(5) Proper findings. (a) Before granting relief to a petitioner pursuant to this section, the court shall issue findings that:

(I) The petitioner is not likely to act in a manner that is dangerous to public safety; and

(II) Granting relief to the petitioner is not contrary to the public interest.

(b) (I) If the court denies relief to a petitioner pursuant to this section, the petitioner may petition the court of appeals to review the denial, including the record of the denying court.

(II) A review of a denial shall be de novo in that the court of appeals may, but is not required to, give deference to the decision of the denying court.

(III) In reviewing a denial, the court of appeals has discretion, but is not required, to receive additional evidence necessary to conduct an adequate review.
C.R.S. § 13-5-131 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-131
13-5-131. Multiple-judge districts
Status: in_force

13-5-131. Multiple-judge districts. In any district court composed of more than one judge, each of the judges shall sit separately for the trial of causes and the transaction of business and shall have and exercise all the powers and functions, as well in vacation of court as in term time, which he might have and exercise if he were the sole judge of said court.
C.R.S. § 13-54-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54 / Section 13-54-106
13-54-106. Exemptions applicable to all writs - exception for child support
Status: in_force

13-54-106. Exemptions applicable to all writs - exception for child support. The exemptions provided by this article shall extend and apply to writs of attachment, execution, and garnishment issued out of any court of record and by municipal courts, except those writs which are the result of a judgment taken for arrearages for child support or for child support debt which are subject to the exemptions set forth in section 13-54-104 (3).
C.R.S. § 13-24-122 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-122
13-24-122. Relation to electronic signatures in global and national commerce act
Status: in_force

13-24-122. Relation to electronic signatures in global and national commerce act. This article 24 modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal "Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act", 15 U.S.C. sec. 7001 et seq., but does not modify, limit, or supersede section 101(c) of that act, 15 U.S.C. sec. 7001(c), or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in section 103(b) of that act, 15 U.S.C. sec. 7003(b).
C.R.S. § 13-20-1004 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 10 / Section 13-20-1004
13-20-1004. Forum non conveniens
Status: in_force

13-20-1004. Forum non conveniens. (1) In any action otherwise properly filed in a court of this state, a motion to dismiss without prejudice under the doctrine of forum non conveniens shall be granted if:

(a) The claimant or claimants named in the motion are not residents of the state of Colorado;

(b) An alternative forum exists;

(c) The injury or damage alleged to have been suffered occurred outside of the state of Colorado;

(d) A substantial portion of the witnesses and evidence is outside of the state of Colorado; and

(e) There is a significant possibility that Colorado law will not apply to some or all of the claims.

(2) In any action otherwise properly filed in a court of this state, a motion to dismiss without prejudice under the doctrine of forum non conveniens may be granted if the court finds that the factor specified in paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section is present and that at least one or more but fewer than all of the factors specified in paragraphs (b) to (e) of subsection (1) of this section are present, and based upon such factors, the court finds that in the interest of judicial economy or for the convenience of the parties, a party's claim or action should be heard in a forum outside of Colorado.

(3) In determining whether the factors specified in subsection (1) of this section are present, the court may consider evidence outside of the pleadings, but no formal discovery shall be permitted.

(4) (a) The court may set conditions for dismissing a claim or action under this section as the interests of justice may require.

(b) If the statute of limitations in the alternative forum expires while the claim is pending in a court in Colorado, the court shall grant a dismissal under this section only if each defendant waives all defenses that the statute of limitation in the alternative forum has expired.
C.R.S. § 13-22-217 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-217
13-22-217. Witnesses - subpoenas - depositions - discovery
Status: in_force

13-22-217. Witnesses - subpoenas - depositions - discovery. (1) An arbitrator may issue a subpoena for the attendance of a witness and for the production of records and other evidence at any hearing and may administer oaths. A subpoena issued under this section shall be served in the manner for service of subpoenas in a civil action and, upon motion to the court by a party to the arbitration proceeding or by the arbitrator, enforced in the manner for enforcement of subpoenas in a civil action.

(2) In order to make the proceedings fair, expeditious, and cost effective, upon the request of a party or a witness in an arbitration proceeding, an arbitrator may permit a deposition of any witness to be taken for use as evidence at the hearing, including a witness who cannot be subpoenaed for a hearing or who is unable to attend a hearing. The arbitrator shall determine the conditions under which the deposition is taken.

(3) An arbitrator may permit such discovery as the arbitrator decides is appropriate in the circumstances, taking into account the needs of the parties to the arbitration proceeding and other affected persons and the desirability of making the proceeding fair, expeditious, and cost effective.

(4) If an arbitrator permits discovery under subsection (3) of this section, the arbitrator may order a party to the arbitration proceeding to comply with the arbitrator's discovery-related orders, issue subpoenas for the attendance of a witness and for the production of records and other evidence at a discovery proceeding, and take action against a non-complying party to the extent a court could take such action if the controversy were the subject of a civil action; except that the arbitrator shall not have the power of contempt.

(5) An arbitrator may issue a protective order to prevent the disclosure of privileged information, confidential information, trade secrets, and other information protected from disclosure to the extent a court could if the controversy were the subject of a civil action.

(6) All provisions of law that compel a person under subpoena to testify and all fees for attending a judicial proceeding, a deposition, or a discovery proceeding as a witness shall apply to an arbitration proceeding in the same manner as if the controversy were the subject of a civil action.

(7) The court may enforce a subpoena or discovery-related order for the attendance of a witness within this state and for the production of records and other evidence issued by an arbitrator in connection with an arbitration proceeding in another state upon conditions determined by the court so as to make the arbitration proceeding fair, expeditious, and cost effective. A subpoena or discovery-related order issued by an arbitrator in another state shall be served in the manner provided by law for service of subpoenas in a civil action and, upon motion to the court by a party to the arbitration proceeding or the arbitrator, enforced in the manner provided by law for enforcement of subpoenas in a civil action.
C.R.S. § 13-16-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-105
13-16-105. When defendant recovers costs
Status: in_force

13-16-105. When defendant recovers costs. If any person sues in any court of record in this state in any action wherein the plaintiff or demandant might have costs in case judgment is given for him and he is nonprossed, suffers a discontinuance, is nonsuited after appearance of the defendant, or a verdict is passed against him, then the defendant shall have judgment to recover his costs against the plaintiff, except against executors or administrators prosecuting in the right of their testator or intestate, or demandant, to be taxed; and the same shall be recovered of the plaintiff or demandant, by like process as the plaintiff or demandant might have had against the defendant, in case judgment has been given for the plaintiff or demandant.
C.R.S. § 13-80-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-102
13-80-102. General limitation of actions - two years
Status: repealed

13-80-102. General limitation of actions - two years. (1) The following civil actions, regardless of the theory upon which suit is brought, or against whom suit is brought, must be commenced within two years after the cause of action accrues, and not thereafter:

(a) Tort actions, including but not limited to actions for negligence, trespass, malicious abuse of process, malicious prosecution, outrageous conduct, interference with relationships, and tortious breach of contract; except that this paragraph (a) does not apply to any tort action arising out of the use or operation of a motor vehicle as set forth in section 13-80-101 (1)(n);

(b) All actions for strict liability, absolute liability, or failure to instruct or warn;

(c) All actions, regardless of the theory asserted, against any veterinarian;

(d) All actions for wrongful death, except as described in subsection (2) of this section;

(e) Repealed.

(f) All actions against any public or governmental entity or any employee of a public or governmental entity for which insurance coverage is provided pursuant to article 14 of title 24, C.R.S.;

(g) All actions upon liability created by a federal statute where no period of limitation is provided in said federal statute;

(h) All actions against any public or governmental entity or any employee of a public or governmental entity, except as otherwise provided in this section or section 13-80-103;

(i) All other actions of every kind for which no other period of limitation is provided;

(j) All actions brought under section 42-6-204, C.R.S.;

(k) All actions brought under section 13-21-109 (2).

(2) A civil action for a wrongful death against a defendant who committed vehicular homicide, as described in section 18-3-106, C.R.S., and, as part of the same criminal episode, committed the offense of leaving the scene of an accident that resulted in the death of a person, as described in section 42-4-1601 (2)(c), C.R.S., regardless of the theory upon which suit is brought, or against whom suit is brought, must be commenced within four years after the cause of action accrues, and not thereafter.
C.R.S. § 13-95-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 95 / Section 13-95-101
13-95-101. Legislative declaration and intent
Status: in_force

13-95-101. Legislative declaration and intent. (1) The general assembly finds and declares that:

(a) Colorado's citizens who are living with mental health and substance use disorders are overrepresented in the criminal justice system, and they are at a significantly greater risk of incurring criminal justice involvement, longer terms of involvement, and harsher consequences of that involvement when compared to the general public;

(b) Colorado must make a commitment to ensure that all individuals within the criminal justice system are treated fairly and humanely, regardless of their behavioral health history or mental state; and

(c) There is a significant need for enhanced communication among health-care systems, behavioral health systems, and criminal justice entities, including law enforcement, defense attorneys, district attorneys, county attorneys, judges, and probation, to foster collaboration that provides all individuals with a fair chance of living a healthy and productive life.

(2) The general assembly further finds that:

(a) Colorado has an obligation to ensure that entities within the criminal justice system are equipped with a greater understanding of behavioral health treatment options in the community; and

(b) Community mental health providers, including community mental health centers, are a critical component of achieving positive outcomes for individuals living with mental health, behavioral health, and substance use disorders and have long held an essential role in engaging criminal justice entities.

(3) The general assembly therefore finds that it is critical to create a network of professionals who can comprehensively bridge the criminal justice system and the community behavioral health systems across the state in order to:

(a) Promote positive outcomes for individuals living with mental health or co-occurring behavioral health conditions;

(b) Inform criminal justice entities about community treatment options; and

(c) Connect individuals to behavioral health services.

(4) Therefore, the general assembly declares that the office of bridges of Colorado provides a method for collaboration and consultation among behavioral health providers, district attorneys, county attorneys, and defense attorneys about available community-based behavioral health services and supports, competency evaluations, restoration to competency services, and other relevant decisions and issues facing individuals with mental health or co-occurring behavioral health challenges, including mental health disabilities, who are involved with the criminal or juvenile justice system, including appropriateness for community treatment and resource availability.