C.R.S. § 13-10-126 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-126
13-10-126. Prostitution offender program authorized - reports
Status: in_force

13-10-126. Prostitution offender program authorized - reports. (1) Subject to the provisions of this section, a municipal or county court, or multiple municipal or county courts, may create and administer a program for certain persons who are charged with soliciting for prostitution, as described in section 18-7-202, C.R.S., patronizing a prostitute, as described in section 18-7-205, C.R.S., or any corresponding municipal code or ordinance.

(2) A program created and administered by a municipal or county court or multiple municipal or county courts pursuant to subsection (1) of this section must:

(a) Permit enrollment in the program only by an offender who either:

(I) (A) Has no prior convictions or any charges pending for any felony; for any offense described in section 18-3-305 or 18-3-306, in part 4 or 5 of article 3 of title 18, in part 3, 4, 6, 7, or 8 of article 6 of title 18, in section 18-7-203 or 18-7-206, or in part 3, 4, or 5 of article 7 of title 18; or for any offense committed in another state that would constitute such an offense if committed in this state; and

(B) Has been offered and has agreed to a deferred sentencing arrangement as described in subsection (3) of this section; or

(II) (A) Has at least one prior conviction for any offense described in section 18-7-201, 18-7-202, 18-7-204, 18-7-205, or 18-7-207, C.R.S.; or for any offense committed in another state that would constitute such an offense if committed in this state; and

(B) Has been sentenced by a court to complete the program as part of the penalty imposed for a subsequent conviction for soliciting for prostitution, as described in section 18-7-202, C.R.S., patronizing a prostitute, as described in section 18-7-205, C.R.S., or any corresponding municipal code or ordinance.

(b) Permit the court or courts to require each offender who enrolls in the program to pay an administration fee, which fee the court or courts shall use to pay the costs of administering the program;

(c) To the extent practicable, be available to offenders, courts, and prosecutors of other jurisdictions; and

(d) Be administered by the court or courts with assistance from one or more municipal prosecutor's offices, one or more district attorney's offices, one or more state or local law enforcement agencies, and one or more nonprofit corporations, as defined in section 7-121-401, C.R.S., which nonprofit corporations have a stated mission to reduce human trafficking or prostitution. The court or courts are encouraged to consult, in addition to the aforementioned entities, recognized criminology experts and mental health professionals.

(3) (a) Enrollment in the program shall be offered to each offender at the sole discretion of the prosecuting attorney in each offender's case.

(b) If the prosecuting attorney offers enrollment in the program to an offender as a condition of a plea bargain agreement as described in subparagraph (I) of paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section, the agreement shall include at a minimum the following stipulations:

(I) The offender shall enter a plea of guilty to the prostitution-related offense or offenses with which he or she is charged;

(II) The court shall defer judgment and sentencing of the offender for a period not to exceed two years, as described in section 18-1.3-102 (1), C.R.S., during which time the offender shall enroll in and complete the program and may be required to pay an administration fee, as described in paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section;

(III) Upon the offender's satisfactory completion of the program, the court shall dismiss with prejudice the prostitution-related charge or charges;

(IV) The offender shall waive his or her right to a speedy trial; and

(V) If the offender fails to complete the program or fails to satisfy any other condition of the plea bargain agreement, he or she shall be sentenced for the offenses to which he or she has pleaded guilty and shall be required to pay a fine of not less than two thousand five hundred dollars and not more than five thousand dollars, or the maximum amount available to a municipal or county court, in the discretion of the court, in addition to any other sentence imposed by the court.

(c) If the prosecuting attorney offers enrollment in the program to an offender pursuant to subparagraph (II) of paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section and the offender fails to complete the program, the offender shall be required to pay a fine of not less than two thousand five hundred dollars and not more than five thousand dollars, or the maximum amount available to the municipal or county court, in the discretion of the court, in addition to any other sentence imposed by the court.

(4) If a municipal or county court or multiple municipal or county courts create and administer a program pursuant to subsection (1) of this section, the court or courts shall prepare and submit a report to the judiciary committees of the house of representatives and senate, or any successor committees, concerning the effectiveness of the program. The court or courts shall submit the report not less than two years nor more than three years after the creation of the program. The report shall include information concerning:

(a) The cost of the program and the extent to which the cost is mitigated by the imposition of the fees described in paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section; and

(b) The effectiveness of the program in reducing recidivism among persons who commit prostitution-related offenses.
C.R.S. § 13-10-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-102
13-10-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-10-102. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Municipal court" includes police courts and police magistrate courts created or existing under previous laws or under a municipal charter and ordinances.

(2) "Municipal judges" includes police magistrates as defined and used in previous laws.

(3) "Qualified municipal court of record" means a municipal court established by, and operating in conformity with, either local charter or ordinances containing provisions requiring the keeping of a verbatim record of the proceedings and evidence at trials by either electric devices or stenographic means, and requiring as a qualification for the office of judge of such court that he has been admitted to, and is currently licensed in, the practice of law in Colorado.
C.R.S. § 13-17-303 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 3 / Section 13-17-303
13-17-303. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-17-303. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Contingent fee" means a fee for legal services that is contingent in whole or in part upon the successful outcome of the matter for which the legal services were retained.

(2) "Contingent fee contract" or "contract" means a contract for legal services in which the amount of the fee to be paid for the legal services depends in whole or in part upon the successful outcome of the matter for which the services were obtained. The term also includes any contract that specifies that fees for legal services will be determined by a court or an arbitrator or any provision of a settlement agreement that requires the opposing party to pay fees for legal services directly to a private attorney retained by a governmental entity pursuant to a contingent fee contract.

(3) "Governmental entity" means the state, any department or agency of the state, and any state-sponsored institution of higher education.
C.R.S. § 13-21-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-114
13-21-114. Immunity of mine rescue participants and their employers or organizations
Status: in_force

13-21-114. Immunity of mine rescue participants and their employers or organizations. No person engaged in mine rescue or recovery work who, in good faith, renders emergency care, rescue, assistance, or recovery services at the scene of any emergency at or in a mine in this state or who employs, sponsors, or represents any person rendering emergency care, rescue, assistance, or recovery services shall be liable for any civil damages as a result of any act or omission by any person in rendering emergency care, rescue, assistance, or recovery service.
C.R.S. § 13-22-220 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-220
13-22-220. Change of award by arbitrator
Status: in_force

13-22-220. Change of award by arbitrator. (1) On motion to an arbitrator by a party to an arbitration proceeding, the arbitrator may modify or correct an award:

(a) Upon a ground stated in section 13-22-224 (1)(a) or (1)(c);

(b) If the arbitrator has not made a final and definite award upon a claim submitted by the parties to the arbitration proceeding; or

(c) To clarify the award.

(2) A motion made under subsection (1) of this section shall be made and notice shall be given to all parties within twenty days after the movant receives notice of the award.

(3) A party to the arbitration proceeding shall give notice of any objection to the motion within ten days after receipt of the notice.

(4) If a motion to the court is pending under section 13-22-222, 13-22-223, or 13-22-224, the court may submit the claim to the arbitrator to consider whether to modify or correct the award:

(a) Upon a ground stated in section 13-22-224 (1)(a) or (1)(c);

(b) If the arbitrator has not made a final and definite award upon a claim submitted by the parties to the arbitration proceeding; or

(c) To clarify the award.

(5) An award modified or corrected pursuant to this section is subject to the provisions of sections 13-22-219 (1), 13-22-222, 13-22-223, and 13-22-224.
C.R.S. § 13-21-809 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 8 / Section 13-21-809
13-21-809. Prejudgment attachment and execution on judgments
Status: in_force

13-21-809. Prejudgment attachment and execution on judgments. (1) (a) Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, a plaintiff under this part 8 may request an ex parte, prejudgment order of attachment under rule 102 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure against all of the assets of a defendant sufficient to satisfy a potential award. If attachment is issued, a defendant is entitled to an immediate hearing. The attachment may be removed if the defendant demonstrates that the assets will be available for a potential award or if the defendant posts a bond sufficient to cover a potential award.

(b) Prior to the payment of any judgment awarded pursuant to this part 8, payment shall first be made to satisfy any order or judgment entered against the defendant in a criminal proceeding for restitution, including any contributions to a crime victim compensation fund pursuant to article 4.1 of title 24, C.R.S., or to a victims and witnesses assistance and law enforcement fund pursuant to article 4.2 of title 24, C.R.S.

(2) A person against whom a judgment has been rendered under this part 8 is not eligible to exempt any property, of whatever kind, from process to levy or process to execute on the judgment.

(3) Any assets sought to satisfy a judgment under this part 8 that have been named in a forfeiture action pending on the date that the attachment under subsection (1) of this section is sought or have been seized for forfeiture by any state or federal agency may not be attached or used to satisfy a judgment under this part 8 unless and until the assets have been released following conclusion of the forfeiture action or released by the agency that seized the assets.
C.R.S. § 13-45-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-115
13-45-115. Failure to deliver process - penalty
Status: repealed

13-45-115. Failure to deliver process - penalty. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-106
13-5.5-106. Rules, guidelines, and procedures
Status: in_force

13-5.5-106. Rules, guidelines, and procedures. (1) The state commission shall adopt rules, guidelines, and procedures as necessary to implement and effectuate the provisions of this article 5.5, including rules, guidelines, and procedures governing the district commissions.

(2) The state commission shall consider proposed rules, guidelines, or procedures from the judicial department; except that nothing in this section requires the state commission to seek approval from the judicial department. The state commission retains the authority for the adoption of final rules, guidelines, or procedures. The state commission may, at its discretion and within existing appropriations and resources, retain independent legal counsel to review any rules, guidelines, or procedures adopted pursuant to this section or section 13-5.5-105.

(3) The state commission may adopt rules, guidelines, or procedures that provide guidance to commissioners regarding the review or interpretation of information obtained as a result of the evaluation process and the criteria contained in section 13-5.5-107. Any such rules, guidelines, or procedures must:

(a) Take into consideration the reliability of survey data and be consistent with section 13-5.5-105; and

(b) Not divest any commissioner of his or her ultimate authority to decide whether a justice or judge meets the minimum performance standards, as established by the state and district commissions.

(4) The state commission shall post a notice of the proposed rule, guideline, or procedure; allow for a period for public comment; and give the public an opportunity to address the state commission concerning the proposed rule, guideline, or procedure at a public hearing.
C.R.S. § 13-21-130 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-130
13-21-130. Civil liability for false statement to recover possession of real property
Status: in_force

13-21-130. Civil liability for false statement to recover possession of real property. In addition to any other remedies, a person removed from a residential premises pursuant to section 13-40.1-101 on the basis of false statements made by a declarant has a private cause of action against the declarant. In the action, the plaintiff is entitled to actual damages, attorney fees, and costs.
C.R.S. § 13-1-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-114
13-1-114. Powers of court
Status: in_force

13-1-114. Powers of court. (1) Every court has power:

(a) To preserve and enforce order in its immediate presence;

(b) To enforce order in the proceedings before it or before a person empowered to conduct a judicial investigation under its authority;

(c) To compel obedience to its lawful judgments, orders, and process and to the lawful orders of its judge out of court in action or proceeding pending therein;

(d) To control, in furtherance of justice, the conduct of its ministerial officers; and

(e) To preserve access to courthouses and court proceedings, prevent interruption of court proceedings, and enforce protection from civil arrest at a courthouse or on its environs pursuant to section 13-1-403.

(2) Any judge of any court, when he reasonably believes that there is a risk of violence in the court, shall immediately advise the law enforcement agency designated to provide security for the court, and the law enforcement agency shall determine and provide appropriate security measures consistent with the degree of risk present. For the purpose of this subsection (2), a district or county judge shall have the assistance of the county sheriff, and a municipal judge shall have the assistance of the municipal police department. The court shall have discretion to assess all or part of the expense incurred in implementing such security measures as costs to be paid by the party or parties or other person or persons determined by the court to have necessitated such security measures.

(3) Any county sheriff or municipal peace officer providing security for persons involved in judicial proceedings in courts pursuant to subsection (2) of this section shall be immune from civil liability for damages except for gross negligence or reckless, wanton, or intentional misconduct.
C.R.S. § 13-5-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-109
13-5-109. Eighth district
Status: in_force

13-5-109. Eighth district. (1) The eighth judicial district shall be composed of the counties of Larimer and Jackson.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the eighth judicial district shall be five.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2007, the number of judges for the eighth judicial district shall be six.

(c) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2008, the number of judges for the eighth judicial district shall be seven.

(d) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2009, the number of judges for the eighth judicial district shall be eight.

(e) Subject to available appropriations, effective January 1, 2020, the number of judges for the eighth judicial district is nine.
C.R.S. § 13-4-102.2 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-102.2
13-4-102.2. Interlocutory appeals of motions to dismiss actions involving constitutional rig
Status: in_force

13-4-102.2. Interlocutory appeals of motions to dismiss actions involving constitutional rights. The court of appeals has initial jurisdiction over appeals from motions to dismiss actions involving constitutional rights pursuant to section 13-20-1101.
C.R.S. § 13-21-102.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-102.5
13-21-102.5. Limitations on damages for noneconomic loss or injury - definitions
Status: repealed

13-21-102.5. Limitations on damages for noneconomic loss or injury - definitions. (1) The general assembly finds, determines, and declares that awards in civil actions for noneconomic losses or injuries often unduly burden the economic, commercial, and personal welfare of persons in this state; therefore, for the protection of the public peace, health, and welfare, the general assembly enacts this section placing monetary limitations on such damages for noneconomic losses or injuries.

(2) As used in this section:

(a) "Derivative noneconomic loss or injury" means nonpecuniary harm or emotional stress to persons other than the person suffering the direct or primary loss or injury.

(a.5) "Inflation" means the annual percentage change in the United States department of labor's bureau of labor statistics consumer price index for Denver-Aurora-Lakewood for all items paid by all urban consumers, or its successor index.

(b) "Noneconomic loss or injury" means nonpecuniary harm for which damages are recoverable by the person suffering the direct or primary loss or injury, including pain and suffering, inconvenience, emotional stress, and impairment of the quality of life. "Noneconomic loss or injury" includes a damage recovery for nonpecuniary harm for actions brought under section 13-21-201 or 13-21-202.

(3) (a) (I) In any civil action filed before January 1, 2025, other than any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), in which damages for noneconomic loss or injury may be awarded, the total of such damages shall not exceed the sum of two hundred fifty thousand dollars, unless the court finds justification by clear and convincing evidence therefor. In no case shall the amount of noneconomic loss or injury damages in an action filed before January 1, 2025, exceed five hundred thousand dollars.

(II) In any civil action filed on or after January 1, 2025, and before January 1, 2026, or any claim for relief that accrues on or after January 1, 2025, other than any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), or wrongful death action, in which damages for derivative or direct noneconomic loss or injury may be awarded, the total amount of such damages that may be awarded must not exceed the sum of one million five hundred thousand dollars.

(III) The damages for noneconomic loss or injury in any civil action or binding arbitration for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional, as defined in section 13-64-202 (4), or a health-care institution, as defined in section 13-64-202 (3), shall be governed by section 13-64-302.

(IV) The damages for noneconomic loss or injury in a wrongful death action shall be governed by section 13-21-203.

(b) In any civil action, no damages for derivative noneconomic loss or injury may be awarded unless the court finds justification by clear and convincing evidence therefor.

(c) (I) (A) The limitations on damages set forth in subsection (3)(a)(I) of this section must be adjusted for inflation as of January 1, 1998, January 1, 2008, January 1, 2020, and on January 1 every two years thereafter until January 1, 2024. The adjustments made on January 1, 1998, January 1, 2008, January 1, 2020, and on January 1 every two years thereafter until January 1, 2024, must be based on the cumulative annual adjustment for inflation for each year since the effective date of the damages limitations in subsection (3)(a)(I) of this section.

(B) The limitations on damages set forth in subsection (3)(a)(II) of this section must be adjusted for inflation on January 1, 2028, and on January 1 every two years thereafter. The adjustments made on January 1, 2028, and on January 1 every two years thereafter must be based on the cumulative annual adjustment for inflation for each year since the effective date of the damages limitations in subsection (3)(a)(II) of this section.

(C) The inflation adjustments made pursuant to this subsection (3)(c)(I) must be rounded upward or downward to the nearest ten-dollar increment.

(II) Repealed.

(III) The secretary of state shall certify the adjusted limitation on damages within fourteen days after the appropriate information is available, and, for purposes of the limitation on damages specified in subsections (3)(a)(I) and (3)(b) of this section:

(A) The adjusted limitation on damages is applicable to all claims for relief that accrue on or after January 1, 1998, and before January 1, 2008;

(B) The adjusted limitation on damages as of January 1, 2008, is applicable to all claims for relief that accrue on and after January 1, 2008, and before January 1, 2020; and

(C) The adjusted limitation on damages as of January 1, 2020, and each January 1 every two years thereafter is applicable to all claims for relief that accrue on and after the specified January 1 and before the January 1 two years thereafter.

(III.5) For purposes of the limitation on damages specified in subsection (3)(a)(II) of this section, the secretary of state shall certify the adjusted limitation on damages within fourteen days after the appropriate information is available. The adjusted limitation on damages as of January 1, 2028, and as of each January 1 every two years thereafter, is applicable to all claims for relief that accrue on or after the specified January 1 and before the January 1 two years thereafter.

(IV) Nothing in this subsection (3) shall change the limitations on damages set forth in section 13-64-302, or the limitation on damages set forth in section 33-44-113, C.R.S.

(4) The limitations specified in subsection (3) of this section shall not be disclosed to a jury in any such action, but shall be imposed by the court before judgment.

(5) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the recovery of compensatory damages for physical impairment or disfigurement.

(6) (a) (I) In any claim for breach of contract, damages for noneconomic loss or injury or for derivative noneconomic loss or injury are recoverable only if:

(A) The recovery for such damages is specifically authorized in the contract that is the subject of the claim; or

(B) In any first-party claim brought against an insurer for breach of an insurance contract, the plaintiff demonstrates by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant committed willful and wanton breach of contract.

(II) For purposes of this paragraph (a), "willful and wanton breach of contract" means that:

(A) The defendant intended to breach the contract;

(B) The defendant breached the contract without any reasonable justification; and

(C) The contract clearly indicated that damages for noneconomic loss or injury or for derivative noneconomic damages or loss were within the contemplation or expectation of the parties.

(b) Except for the breach of contract damages that are permitted pursuant to sub-subparagraph (B) of subparagraph (I) of paragraph (a) of this subsection (6), nothing in this subsection (6) shall be construed to prohibit one or more parties from waiving the recovery of damages for noneconomic loss or injury or for derivative noneconomic loss or injury on a breach of contract claim so long as the waiver is explicit and in writing.

(c) The limitations on damages set forth in subsection (3) of this section shall apply in any civil action to the aggregate sum of any noneconomic damages awarded under this section for breach of contract including but not limited to bad faith breach of contract.

(d) In any civil action in which an award of damages for noneconomic loss or injury or for derivative noneconomic loss or injury is made on a breach of contract claim, the court shall state such award in the judgment separately from any other damages award.

(e) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (c) of this subsection (6), nothing in this subsection (6) shall be construed to govern the recovery of noneconomic damages on a tort claim for bad faith breach of contract.
C.R.S. § 13-71-130 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-130
13-71-130. Limitations on juror compensation
Status: in_force

13-71-130. Limitations on juror compensation. The state shall compensate and credit each juror for only those days on which the juror appeared as directed to perform juror service. Holidays and business days on which a trial has been recessed are excluded.
C.R.S. § 13-80-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-110
13-80-110. Causes barred in state of origin
Status: in_force

13-80-110. Causes barred in state of origin. If a cause of action arises in another state or territory or in a foreign country and, by the laws thereof, an action thereon cannot be maintained in that state, territory, or foreign country by reason of lapse of time, the cause of action shall not be maintained in this state.
C.R.S. § 13-6-410 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-410
13-6-410. Appeal of a claim
Status: in_force

13-6-410. Appeal of a claim. A record shall be made of all small claims court proceedings, and either the plaintiff or the defendant may appeal pursuant to county court rules. Upon appeal, all provisions of law and rules concerning appeals from the county court shall apply, including right to counsel. A tape recording of the trial proceedings shall satisfy any requirements of a transcript for appeal, upon the payment of a nominal fee by the appellant.
C.R.S. § 13-2-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-103
13-2-103. Open sessions - oral arguments
Status: in_force

13-2-103. Open sessions - oral arguments. The court shall be in open session as often as practicable during each of its terms to hear and determine matters and causes which may come before it, and, at the discretion of the court, oral arguments may be allowed on final hearing in any cause on the request of any party thereto.
C.R.S. § 13-21-108.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-108.5
13-21-108.5. Persons rendering assistance relating to discharges of hazardous materials - leg
Status: in_force

13-21-108.5. Persons rendering assistance relating to discharges of hazardous materials - legislative declaration - exemption from civil liability. (1) The general assembly hereby finds and declares that knowledgeable individuals and organizations should be encouraged to lend expert assistance in the event of accidental or threatened discharges of hazardous materials. The purpose of this section is to so encourage such individuals and organizations to lend assistance by providing them with limited immunity from civil liability.

(2) As used in this section:

(a) "Discharge" includes any spill, leakage, seepage, or other release.

(b) "Hazardous material" includes any material or substance which is designated or defined as hazardous by state or federal law or regulation.

(c) "Person" means individual, government or governmental subdivision or agency, corporation, partnership, or association or any other legal entity.

(3) (a) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, any person who provides assistance or advice in mitigating or attempting to mitigate the effects of an actual or threatened discharge of hazardous material, or in preventing, cleaning up, or disposing of or in attempting to prevent, clean up, or dispose of any such discharge, shall not be subject to civil liability for such assistance or advice, except as provided in subsection (4) of this section.

(b) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, any person who provides assistance upon request of any police agency, fire department, rescue or emergency squad, or governmental agency in the event of an accident or other emergency involving the use, handling, transportation, transmission, or storage of hazardous material, when the reasonably apparent circumstances require prompt decisions and actions, shall not be liable for any civil damages resulting from any act of commission or omission on his part in the course of his rendering such assistance, except as provided in subsection (4) of this section.

(4) The exemption from civil liability provided for in this section shall not apply to:

(a) Any person whose act or omission caused in whole or in part such discharge and who would otherwise be liable therefor;

(b) Any person other than the employee of a governmental subdivision or agency who receives compensation other than reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses for his assistance or advice;

(c) Any person's gross negligence or reckless, wanton, or intentional misconduct.

(5) Nothing in this section shall be construed to abrogate or limit the sovereign immunity granted to public entities pursuant to article 10 of title 24, C.R.S., the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act".
C.R.S. § 13-1-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-111
13-1-111. Courts of record
Status: repealed

13-1-111. Courts of record. (1) Each of the following courts shall have a seal and shall be a court of record:

(a) The supreme court;

(b) The district courts;

(c) The county courts;

(d) The juvenile court in the city and county of Denver;

(e) The probate court in the city and county of Denver;

(f) Any court established by law and expressly denominated a court of record;

(g) Repealed.

(h) The court of appeals.
C.R.S. § 13-40-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-115
13-40-115. Judgment - writ of restitution - cure period
Status: in_force

13-40-115. Judgment - writ of restitution - cure period. (1) Upon the trial of any action under this article if service was had only by posting in accordance with section 13-40-112 (2) and if the court finds that the defendant has committed an unlawful detainer, the court shall enter judgment for the plaintiff to have restitution of the premises and shall issue a writ of restitution. The court may also continue the case for further hearing from time to time and may issue alias and pluries summonses until personal service upon the defendant is had.

(2) Upon a trial or further hearing pursuant to this article 40 after personal service has been made upon the defendant in accordance with section 13-40-112 (1), if the court or jury has not already tried the issue of unlawful detainer, it may do so. If the court finds that the defendant has committed an unlawful detainer, the court shall enter judgment for the plaintiff to have restitution of the premises and shall issue a writ of restitution. In addition to the judgment for restitution, the court or jury shall further find the amount of rent, if any, due to the plaintiff from the defendant at the time of trial; the amount of damages, if any, sustained by the plaintiff to the time of the trial on account of the unlawful detention of the property by the defendant; and damages sustained by the plaintiff to the time of trial on account of injuries to the property. The court shall enter judgment for such amounts, together with any reasonable attorney fees and costs as in other civil actions. This section does not permit the entry of judgment in excess of the court's jurisdictional limit.

(3) A writ of restitution that is issued by the court pursuant to subsection (1) or (2) of this section shall remain in effect for forty-nine days after issuance and shall automatically expire thereafter.

(4) A landlord who provides a tenant with proper notice of nonpayment shall accept payment of the tenant's full payment of all amounts due according to the notice, as well as any rent that remains due under the rental agreement, at any time until a judge issues a judgment for possession pursuant to subsection (1) or (2) of this section. A tenant may pay this amount to either the landlord or to the court. Once a court has confirmation that the full amount has been timely paid, the court shall:

(a) Vacate any judgments that have been issued; and

(b) Dismiss the action with prejudice.

(5) The rights provided in subsection (4) of this section may not be waived by any written agreement.
C.R.S. § 13-73-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 73 / Section 13-73-107
13-73-107. Return of indictment or presentment - designation of venue - consolidation of in
Status: in_force

13-73-107. Return of indictment or presentment - designation of venue - consolidation of indictments - sealing of indictment. (1) Any indictment by a state grand jury shall be returned to the chief judge who is supervising the statewide grand jury without any designation of venue. Thereupon, the chief judge shall, by order, designate any county in the state as the county of venue for the purpose of trial. Once venue is designated by the chief judge, a change of venue may be granted only as provided by article 6 of title 16, C.R.S. The chief judge may, by order, direct the consolidation of an indictment returned by a county grand jury with an indictment returned by a state grand jury and fix venue for trial.

(2) The court, upon motion of the attorney general, shall order the indictment to be sealed and no person may disclose the existence of the indictment until the defendant is in custody or has been admitted to bail except when necessary for the issuance or execution of a warrant or summons.
C.R.S. § 13-53-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 53 / Section 13-53-103
13-53-103. Filing and status of foreign judgments
Status: in_force

13-53-103. Filing and status of foreign judgments. A copy of any foreign judgment authenticated in accordance with the act of congress or the laws of this state may be filed in the office of the clerk of any court of this state which would have had jurisdiction over the original action had it been commenced first in this state. A judgment so filed has the same effect and is subject to the same procedures, defenses, and proceedings for reopening, vacating, or staying as a judgment of the court of this state in which filed and may be enforced or satisfied in like manner.
C.R.S. § 13-17.5-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17.5 / Section 13-17.5-103
13-17.5-103. Filing fees
Status: in_force

13-17.5-103. Filing fees. (1) An inmate who seeks to proceed in any civil action without prepayment of fees, in addition to filing any required affidavit, shall submit a copy of the inmate's account statement for the six-month period immediately preceding the filing of the civil action, certified by an appropriate official at the detaining facility. If the inmate account demonstrates that the inmate has sufficient funds to pay the filing fee, or if the action on its face is frivolous, groundless, or malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted or seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief, the motion to proceed as a poor person shall be denied.

(2) Any inmate who is allowed to proceed in the civil action as a poor person shall be required to pay the full amount of the filing fee and service of process fees previously paid by the court in the following installments:

(a) If the inmate has ten dollars or more in his or her inmate account, make an initial partial payment in accordance with the order of the court; and

(b) Regardless if the inmate has ten dollars in his or her inmate account at the time of the filing of the civil action, make continuing monthly payments to the court equal to twenty percent of the preceding month's deposits in the inmate's account until the filing fee and service of process fees previously paid by the court are paid in full.

(2.5) The court shall include in its order granting permission to proceed as a poor person the requirement that the inmate comply with the provisions of subsection (2) of this section.

(2.7) A copy of any order granting an inmate's motion to proceed in a civil action as a poor person shall be forwarded by the court to the detaining facility that has custody of the inmate. Upon receipt of the order, the detaining facility shall forward payments from the inmate's account to the court in accordance with the order granting leave to proceed as a poor person.

(3) In no event shall an inmate be prohibited from filing a civil action or appealing a civil or criminal judgment because the inmate has no assets and no means by which to pay the initial partial payment.
C.R.S. § 13-10-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-101
13-10-101. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-10-101. Legislative declaration. The general assembly finds that the right to a trial by jury for petty offenses, as defined in section 16-10-109, C.R.S., is of vital concern to all of the people of the state of Colorado and that the interests of the state as a whole are so great that the general assembly shall retain sole legislative jurisdiction over the matter, which is hereby declared to be of statewide concern.
C.R.S. § 13-1-304 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 3 / Section 13-1-304
13-1-304. Underfunded courthouse facility cash fund - creation - grants - regulations
Status: in_force

13-1-304. Underfunded courthouse facility cash fund - creation - grants - regulations. (1) There is hereby created in the state treasury the underfunded courthouse facility cash fund that consists of any moneys appropriated by the general assembly to the fund. The moneys in the fund are subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly for the implementation of this part 3. The state court administrator may accept gifts, grants, or donations from any private or public source for the purpose of implementing this part 3. All private and public moneys received by the state court administrator from gifts, grants, or donations must be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the fund in addition to any moneys that may be appropriated to the fund directly by the general assembly. All investment earnings derived from the deposit and investment of moneys in the fund remain in the fund and may not be transferred or revert to the general fund at the end of any fiscal year. Any unexpended and unencumbered moneys remaining in the fund at the end of any fiscal year shall remain in the fund and shall not be credited or transferred to the general fund or any other fund.

(2) Moneys from the fund that are distributed to counties pursuant to this part 3 may only be used for commissioning master planning services, matching funds or leveraging grant funding opportunities for construction or remodeling projects, or addressing emergency needs due to the imminent closure of a court facility. Moneys from the fund may not be allocated for the purchase of furniture, fixtures, or equipment or as the sole source of funding for new construction. Moneys from the fund may not be allocated as the sole source of funding for remodeling, unless the need for funding is associated with the imminent closure of a court facility.

(3) All moneys credited to the fund shall be available for grants awarded by the state court administrator, based on recommendations of the commission, to counties for the purposes described in this part 3; except that the state court administrator may use a portion of the moneys annually appropriated from the fund for administrative costs incurred through the implementation of this part 3. The state court administrator, subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly, may expend moneys appropriated from the fund pursuant to this part 3.
C.R.S. § 13-10-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-111
13-10-111. Commencement of actions - process
Status: in_force

13-10-111. Commencement of actions - process. (1) Any action or summons brought in any municipal court to recover any fine or enforce any penalty or forfeiture under any ordinance shall be filed in the corporate name of the municipality in which the court is located by and on behalf of the people of the state of Colorado.

(2) Any process issued from a municipal court runs in the corporate name of the municipality by and on behalf of the people of the state of Colorado. Processes from any municipal court shall be executed by any authorized law enforcement officer from the municipality in which the court is located.

(3) Any authorized law enforcement officer may execute within such officer's jurisdiction any summons, process, writ, or warrant issued by a municipal court from another jurisdiction arising under the ordinances of such municipality for an offense which is criminal or quasi-criminal. For the purposes of this subsection (3), traffic offenses shall not be considered criminal or quasi-criminal offenses unless penalty points may be assessed under section 42-2-127 (5)(a) to (5)(cc), C.R.S. The issuing municipality shall be liable for and pay all costs, including costs of service or incarceration incurred in connection with such service or execution.

(4) The clerk of the municipal court shall issue a subpoena for the appearance of any witness in municipal court upon the request of either the prosecuting municipality or the defendant. The subpoena may be served upon any person within the jurisdiction of the court in the manner prescribed by the rules of procedure applicable to municipal courts. Any person subpoenaed to appear as a witness in municipal court shall be paid a witness fee in the amount of five dollars.

(5) Upon the request of the municipal court, the prosecuting municipality, or the defendant, the clerk of the municipal court shall issue a subpoena for the appearance, at any and all stages of the court's proceedings, of the parent, guardian, or lawful custodian of any child under eighteen years of age who is charged with a municipal offense. Whenever a person who is issued a subpoena pursuant to this subsection (5) fails, without good cause, to appear, the court may issue an order for the person to show cause to the court as to why the person should not be held in contempt. Following a show cause hearing, the court may make findings of fact and conclusions of law and may enter an appropriate order, which may include finding the person in contempt.
C.R.S. § 13-1-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-120
13-1-120. Proceedings in English - abbreviations
Status: in_force

13-1-120. Proceedings in English - abbreviations. Every written proceeding in a court of justice in this state, or before a judicial officer, shall be in the English language, but such abbreviations as are now commonly used in that language may be used, and numbers expressed by figures or numerals in the customary manner.
C.R.S. § 13-23-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-106
13-23-106. Procedure for approval of transfer
Status: in_force

13-23-106. Procedure for approval of transfer. (1) An application under this article for approval of a transfer of a structured settlement payment right shall be made by the transferee and may be brought:

(a) In the district court for the county in which the payee resides;

(b) In the district court for the county in which the structured settlement obligor or the annuity issuer maintains its principal place of business; or

(c) In any court or before any responsible administrative authority that approved the structured settlement agreement.

(2) Not fewer than twenty days prior to the scheduled hearing on an application for approval of a transfer of structured settlement payment rights under section 13-23-104, the transferee shall file with the court or responsible administrative authority and serve on all interested parties a notice of the proposed transfer and the application for its authorization. The transferee shall file and serve:

(a) A copy of the transferee's application;

(b) A copy of the transfer agreement;

(c) A copy of the disclosure statement required pursuant to section 13-23-103;

(d) A listing of each of the payee's dependents, together with each dependent's age;

(e) A notification that any interested party is entitled to support, oppose, or otherwise respond to the transferee's application, either in person or by counsel, by submitting written comments to the court or responsible administrative authority or by participating in the hearing; and

(f) A notification of the time and place of the hearing and notification of the manner in which and the time by which written responses to the application must be filed, which shall be not fewer than fifteen days after service of the transferee's notice, in order to be considered by the court or responsible administrative authority.
C.R.S. § 13-40-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-106
13-40-106. Written demand
Status: in_force

13-40-106. Written demand. (1) The demand or notice required by section 13-40-104 or 38-12-1303 shall be made in writing, specifying the grounds of the demandant's right to the possession of the premises, including a specific description of the alleged violation or no-fault eviction grounds, describing the premises, and indicating the date and time when the premises shall be delivered up, and shall be signed by the person claiming such possession, the person's agent, or the person's attorney.

(2) The demand or notice required by section 13-40-104 or 38-12-1303 must also include a statement that a residential tenant who receives supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal "Social Security Act", 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26 has a right to mediation prior to the landlord filing an eviction complaint with the court pursuant to section 13-40-110.

(3) The demand or notice required by section 13-40-104 or 38-12-1303 must be written in English, Spanish, or any other language that the landlord knows, or has reason to know, is the primary language of the tenant.
C.R.S. § 13-21-115.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-115.5
13-21-115.5. Volunteer service act - immunity - exception for operation of motor vehicles - e
Status: in_force

13-21-115.5. Volunteer service act - immunity - exception for operation of motor vehicles - exception for helicopter search and rescue - short title - legislative declaration - definitions. (1) This section shall be known and may be cited as the "Volunteer Service Act".

(2) The general assembly finds and declares that:

(a) The willingness of volunteers to offer their services has been increasingly deterred by a perception that they put personal assets at risk in the event of tort actions seeking damages arising from their activities as volunteers;

(b) The contributions of programs, activities, and services to communities is diminished and worthwhile programs, activities, and services are deterred by the unwillingness of volunteers to serve as volunteers of nonprofit public and private organizations;

(c) It is in the public interest to strike a balance between the right of a person to seek redress for injury and the right of an individual to freely give time and energy without compensation as a volunteer in service to the community without fear of personal liability for acts undertaken in good faith absent willful and wanton conduct on the part of the volunteer; and

(d) The provisions of this section are intended to encourage volunteers to contribute their services for the good of their communities and at the same time provide a reasonable basis for redress of claims which may arise relating to those services.

(3) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Nonprofit corporation" means any corporation which is exempt from taxation pursuant to section 501(a) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(a), as amended, or which is listed as an exempt organization in section 501(c) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(c), as amended. The term includes a not-for-profit corporation.

(b) "Nonprofit organization" means any organization which is exempt from taxation pursuant to section 501(a) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(a), as amended, or which is listed as an exempt organization in section 501(c) of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 501(c), as amended, and any homeowners association, as defined in and which is exempt from taxation pursuant to section 528 of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", 26 U.S.C. sec. 528.

(c) (I) "Volunteer" means a person performing services for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital without compensation, other than reimbursement for actual expenses incurred. The term excludes a volunteer serving as a director, officer, or trustee who shall be protected from civil liability in accordance with the provisions of sections 13-21-116 and 13-21-115.7.

(II) "Volunteer" includes:

(A) A licensed physician, a licensed physician assistant, and a licensed anesthesiologist assistant governed by article 240 of title 12 performing the practice of medicine, as defined in section 12-240-107, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(B) A licensed chiropractor governed by article 215 of title 12 performing chiropractic, as defined in section 12-215-103 (4), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(C) A registered direct-entry midwife governed by article 225 of title 12 performing the practice of direct-entry midwifery, as defined in section 12-225-103 (3), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(D) A licensed nurse governed by the "Nurse and Nurse Aide Practice Act", article 255 of title 12, performing the practice of practical nursing or the practice of professional nursing, as defined in section 12-255-104 (9) and (10), respectively, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(E) An advanced practice registered nurse governed by the "Nurse and Nurse Aide Practice Act", article 255 of title 12, performing nursing tasks within the scope of the person's nursing license and performing advanced practice under authority granted by the state board of nursing pursuant to sections 12-255-111 and 12-255-112 as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(E.5) A certified midwife governed by the "Nurse and Nurse Aide Practice Act", article 255 of title 12, performing certified midwife tasks within the scope of the person's certified midwife license and performing practice as a certified midwife under authority granted by the state board of nursing pursuant to sections 12-255-111.5 and 12-255-112 as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(F) A licensed volunteer nurse governed by the provisions of part 1 of article 255 of title 12 performing volunteer nursing tasks within the scope of the person's nursing license, as described in section 12-255-115, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(G) A certified nurse aide governed by the provisions of article 255 of title 12 performing the practice of a nurse aide, as defined in section 12-255-104 (8.5), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(H) A licensed nursing home administrator and registered nursing home administrator-in-training governed by the provisions of article 265 of title 12 performing the practice of nursing home administration, as defined in section 12-265-103 (5), and the training of an administrator-in-training, as described in section 12-265-109, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(I) A licensed optometrist governed by the provisions of article 275 of title 12 performing the practice of optometry, as defined in section 12-275-103, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(J) A licensed physical therapist governed by the "Physical Therapy Practice Act", article 285 of title 12, performing physical therapy, as defined in section 12-285-104 (6), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(K) A licensed respiratory therapist governed by the "Respiratory Therapy Practice Act", article 300 of title 12, performing respiratory therapy, as defined in section 12-300-104 (3), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(L) A licensed psychiatric technician governed by the provisions of article 295 of title 12 performing the practice as a psychiatric technician, as defined in section 12-295-103 (4), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(M) A licensed psychologist governed by the provisions of article 245 of title 12 performing the practice of psychology, as defined in section 12-245-303, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(N) A licensed social worker and licensed clinical social worker governed by the provisions of article 245 of title 12 performing social work practice, as defined in section 12-245-403, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(O) A licensed marriage and family therapist governed by the provisions of article 245 of title 12 performing marriage and family therapy practice, as defined in section 12-245-503, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(P) A licensed professional counselor governed by article 245 of title 12 practicing professional counseling as defined in section 12-245-603 as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(Q) A licensed pharmacist governed by article 280 of title 12 performing the practice of pharmacy, as defined in section 12-280-103 (39), as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(R) A licensed dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist governed by article 220 of title 12 performing the practice of dentistry, dental therapy, or dental hygiene, as defined in section 12-220-104 and as described in sections 12-220-305, 12-220-402, 12-220-403, and 12-220-508; as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or hospital; or a dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist who holds a license in good standing from another state performing the practice of dentistry, dental therapy, or dental hygiene, as defined in section 12-220-104 and as described in sections 12-220-305, 12-220-402, 12-220-403, and 12-220-508, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or hospital pursuant to section 12-220-302 (1)(j);

(S) A licensed or certified addiction counselor governed by article 245 of title 12 performing addiction counseling, as defined in section 12-245-803, as a volunteer for a nonprofit organization, a nonprofit corporation, a governmental entity, or a hospital;

(T) A volunteer member of a rescue unit as defined in section 25-3.5-103 (11); and

(U) A person engaged in backcountry search and rescue efforts as defined in section 33-1-102 (1.3).

(III) The nonprofit organization, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or hospital for which a volunteer performs shall annually verify that the volunteer holds an unrestricted Colorado license, registration, or certification to practice the volunteer's respective profession, if a license, registration, or certification is required for the volunteer's profession.

(4) (a) Any volunteer shall be immune from civil liability in any action on the basis of any act or omission of a volunteer resulting in damage or injury if:

(I) The volunteer is immune from liability for the act or omission under the federal "Volunteer Protection Act of 1997", as from time to time may be amended, codified at 42 U.S.C. sec. 14501 et seq.; and

(II) The damage or injury was not caused by misconduct or other circumstances that would preclude immunity for such volunteer under the federal law described in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (a).

(III) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2006, p. 531, § 1, effective July 1, 2006.)

(b) (I) Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph (II) of this paragraph (b), nothing in this section shall be construed to bar any cause of action against a nonprofit organization, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or hospital or change the liability otherwise provided by law of a nonprofit organization, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or hospital arising out of an act or omission of a volunteer exempt from liability for negligence under this section.

(II) A nonprofit organization, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or hospital that is formed for the sole purpose of facilitating the volunteer provision of health care shall be immune from liability arising out of an act or omission of a volunteer who is immune from liability under this subsection (4).

(4.5) (a) As used in this subsection (4.5), unless the context otherwise requires:

(I) "Backcountry search and rescue" has the meaning set forth in section 33-1-102 (1.3).

(II) (A) "Governmental entity" means the state, any state agency or institution, or any authority, county, city, city and county, special district, or other political subdivision of the state or any tribal government with jurisdiction in Colorado.

(B) "Governmental entity" includes any institution, department, agency, or authority of any entity listed in subsection (4.5)(a)(II)(A) of this section.

(III) "Rescue unit" has the meaning set forth in section 25-3.5-103 (11).

(IV) "Search and rescue operation" means the operation of a rescue unit or a backcountry search and rescue.

(V) Notwithstanding the definition of "volunteer" in subsection (3)(c) of this section, "volunteer" means an individual, nonprofit organization, for-profit corporation, private organization, or other person that participates as a volunteer in a search and rescue operation by arranging or operating a helicopter for use in a search and rescue operation, or by assisting as a helicopter crew member in a search and rescue operation, without compensation from a governmental entity, other than reimbursement for actual expenses incurred.

(b) A volunteer is immune from civil liability in any action on the basis of any act or omission of the volunteer resulting in damage or injury if:

(I) The volunteer arranges the use of, operates, or assists as a crew member of a helicopter:

(A) For the benefit of a rescue unit or backcountry search and rescue;

(B) On behalf of a governmental entity that is leading the rescue unit or conducting the backcountry search and rescue;

(C) That meets the safety and training requirements described in subsection (4.5)(c)(II) of this section;

(D) Under a memorandum of understanding or other agreement with the governmental entity; and

(E) That is operated in compliance with the federal aviation administration's 2018 advisory circular AC 00-1.1B, appendix A, "Public Aircraft Operations - Manned and Unmanned", as may be updated by the federal aviation administration;

(II) The volunteer is:

(A) A pilot who satisfies, or employs or contracts with one or more pilots who satisfy, the requirements specified in subsection (4.5)(c)(I) of this section;

(B) In compliance with all requirements of the federal aviation administration for recent flight experience; and

(C) Not compensated by the governmental entity for assisting in a search and rescue operation, other than reimbursement for actual expenses incurred; and

(III) The damage or injury was not caused by willful or criminal misconduct, gross negligence, or a conscious, flagrant indifference to the rights or safety of any individuals harmed by the volunteer.

(c) (I) A volunteer that operates a helicopter as part of search and rescue operations in accordance with this subsection (4.5) must:

(A) Have experience in mountainous landings, high altitude operations, confined area landings, and snow operations;

(B) Possess a commercial pilot license and instrument rating;

(C) Have a minimum of one thousand five hundred hours of total flight time, including at least five hundred hours of mountainous helicopter time and at least one hundred hours of flight time in the type of helicopter used in the search and rescue operation; and

(D) Be certified, within the previous twelve months, by the helicopter manufacturer's instructor, a company check pilot, or a federal aviation association-certified and -rated flight instructor to operate the helicopter used in the search and rescue operation.

(II) The owner or operator of a helicopter used in search and rescue operations must ensure that the helicopter meets the following safety and training requirements:

(A) The helicopter is capable of operation at the altitude, in the terrain, and in the weather conditions necessary for the rescue or the search and rescue operation;

(B) The helicopter has been used as part of a training program with the rescue unit or backcountry search and rescue team within the twelve months immediately preceding use of the helicopter in a search and rescue operation;

(C) The helicopter is operated under a safety management system that has been approved by an independent third party; and

(D) The helicopter is maintained in accordance with regulations promulgated by the federal aviation administration for the maintenance and alteration of aircraft pursuant to 14 CFR 91.401 to 91.499, as amended.

(5) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (4) of this section, a plaintiff may sue and recover civil damages from a volunteer based upon a negligent act or omission involving the operation of a motor vehicle during an activity; except that the amount recovered from such volunteer shall not exceed the limits of applicable insurance coverage maintained by or on behalf of such volunteer with respect to the negligent operation of a motor vehicle in such circumstances. However, nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the right of a plaintiff to recover from a policy of uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage available to the plaintiff as a result of a motor vehicle accident.
C.R.S. § 13-54.5-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54.5 / Section 13-54.5-102
13-54.5-102. Continuing garnishment - creation of lien
Status: in_force

13-54.5-102. Continuing garnishment - creation of lien. (1) In addition to garnishment proceedings otherwise available pursuant to the laws of this state in any case in which a money judgment is obtained in a court of competent jurisdiction, the judgment creditor or its assignees are entitled, on notice to the judgment debtor required by section 13-54.5-105 (5)(b), to apply to the clerk of such court for garnishment against any garnishee. To the extent that the earnings are not exempt from garnishment, such garnishment is a lien and continuing levy upon the earnings due or to become due from the garnishee to the judgment debtor consistent and in accordance with the requirements of section 13-54.5-105 (6).

(2) Garnishment pursuant to subsection (1) of this section is a lien and continuing levy against said earnings due for one hundred eighty-two days consistent and in accordance with the requirements of section 13-54.5-105 (6) or for one hundred eighty-two days following the expiration of any writs with a priority pursuant to section 13-54.5-104, but such lien is terminated earlier than one hundred eighty-two days if earnings are no longer due; the underlying judgment is vacated, modified, or satisfied in full; or the writ is dismissed; except that a continuing garnishment may be suspended for a specified period of time by the judgment creditor upon agreement with the judgment debtor, which agreement shall be in writing and filed by the judgment creditor with the clerk of the court in which the judgment was entered and a copy of which shall be delivered by the judgment creditor to the garnishee.

(2.5) A garnishee is not required to collect, possess, or control the judgment debtor's tips, and any tips are not owed by a garnishee to a judgment creditor.

(3) Garnishment pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall apply only to proceedings against the earnings of a judgment debtor who is a natural person.
C.R.S. § 13-8-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-112
13-8-112. Judges may sit en banc - presiding judge
Status: in_force

13-8-112. Judges may sit en banc - presiding judge. The judges of the juvenile court may sit en banc for the purpose of making rules of court, the appointment of a clerk and other employees pursuant to section 13-3-105, and the conduct of other business relating to the administration of the court, including the selection of a presiding judge, as authorized by and subject to the approval of the chief justice of the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-9-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-108
13-9-108. Vacancies
Status: in_force

13-9-108. Vacancies. If the office of probate court judge becomes vacant because of death, resignation, failure to be retained in office pursuant to section 25 of article VI of the state constitution, or other cause, the vacancy shall be filled by the governor as provided in section 20 of article VI of the state constitution.
C.R.S. § 13-21-201 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 2 / Section 13-21-201
13-21-201. Damages for death
Status: in_force

13-21-201. Damages for death. (1) When any person dies from any injury resulting from or occasioned by the negligence, unskillfulness, or criminal intent of any officer, agent, servant, or employee while running, conducting, or managing any locomotive, car, or train of cars, or of any driver of any coach or other conveyance operated for the purpose of carrying either freight or passengers for hire while in charge of the same as a driver, and when any passenger dies from an injury resulting from or occasioned by any defect or insufficiency in any railroad or any part thereof, or in any locomotive or car, or other conveyance operated for the purpose of carrying either freight or passengers for hire, the corporation or individuals in whose employ any such officer, agent, servant, employee, master, pilot, engineer, or driver is at the time such injury is committed, or who owns any such railroad, locomotive, car, or other conveyance operated for the purpose of carrying either freight or passengers for hire at the time any such injury is received, and resulting from or occasioned by the defect or insufficiency above described shall forfeit and pay for every person and passenger so injured the sum of not exceeding ten thousand dollars and not less than three thousand dollars, which may be sued for and recovered:

(a) In the first year after such death:

(I) By the spouse of the deceased;

(II) Upon the written election of the spouse, by the spouse and the heir or heirs of the deceased;

(III) Upon the written election of the spouse, by the heir or heirs of the deceased;

(IV) If there is no spouse, by the heir or heirs of the deceased or the designated beneficiary, if there is one designated pursuant to article 22 of title 15, with the right to bring an action pursuant to this section, and if there is no designated beneficiary, by the heir or heirs of the deceased; or

(V) If, at the time of death, there is no spouse, no heir or heirs, and no designated beneficiary, or, if the deceased was an unmarried minor without descendants or an unmarried adult without descendants, and there is no mother and no father of the deceased, then by the sibling or siblings of the deceased or the heir or heirs of the sibling or siblings of the deceased.

(b) (I) In the second year after such death:

(A) By the spouse of the deceased;

(B) By the heir or heirs of the deceased;

(C) By the spouse and the heir or heirs of the deceased;

(D) By the designated beneficiary of the deceased, if there is one designated pursuant to article 22 of title 15, with the right to bring an action pursuant to this section, and the heir or heirs of the deceased; or

(E) By the sibling or siblings of the deceased or the heir or heirs of the sibling or siblings of the deceased, but only if, at the time of death, the deceased had no surviving spouse, no heir or heirs, and no designated beneficiary, or, if the deceased was an unmarried minor without descendants or an unmarried adult without descendants, and had no mother and no father.

(II) However, if the heir or heirs of the deceased commence an action under the provisions of sub-subparagraph (B) of subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (b), the spouse or the designated beneficiary of the deceased, if there is one designated pursuant to article 22 of title 15, C.R.S., with the right to bring an action pursuant to this section, upon motion filed within ninety days after service of written notice of the commencement of the action upon the spouse or designated beneficiary, shall be allowed to join the action as a party plaintiff.

(c) (I) If the deceased is an unmarried minor without descendants or an unmarried adult without descendants and without a designated beneficiary pursuant to article 22 of title 15, C.R.S., by the father or mother who may join in the suit. Except as provided in subparagraphs (II) and (III) of this paragraph (c), the father and mother shall have an equal interest in the judgment, or if either of them is dead, then the surviving parent shall have an exclusive interest in the judgment.

(II) For cases in which the father and mother are divorced, separated, or living apart, a motion may be filed by either the father or the mother prior to trial requesting the court to apportion fairly any judgment awarded in the case. Where such a motion is filed, the court shall conduct a post-judgment hearing at which the father and the mother shall have the opportunity to be heard and to produce evidence regarding each parent's relationship with the deceased child.

(III) On conclusion of the post-judgment hearing conducted pursuant to subparagraph (II) of this paragraph (c), the court shall fairly determine the percentage of the judgment to be awarded to each parent. In making such a determination, the court shall consider each parent's relationship with the deceased, including custody, control, support, parental responsibility, and any other factors the court deems pertinent. The court's determination of the percentage of the judgment awarded to each parent shall not be disturbed absent an abuse of discretion.

(d) For purposes of this section, "father or mother" means a natural parent of the deceased or a parent of the deceased by adoption. "Father or mother" does not include a person whose parental rights concerning the deceased were terminated pursuant to the provisions of title 19, C.R.S.

(2) In suits instituted under this section, it is competent for the defendant for his defense to show that the defect or insufficiency named in this section was not a negligent defect or insufficiency. The judgment obtained in an action under this section shall be owned by such persons as are heirs at law of the deceased under the statutes of descent and distribution and shall be divided among such heirs at law in the same manner as real estate is divided according to said statute of descent and distribution.
C.R.S. § 13-8-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-116
13-8-116. Terms
Status: in_force

13-8-116. Terms. Terms of the juvenile court shall be fixed by rule of court; but at least one term shall be held each year.
C.R.S. § 13-5.3-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.3 / Section 13-5.3-103
13-5.3-103. Office of judicial discipline - created - executive director - duties - oversigh
Status: repealed

13-5.3-103. Office of judicial discipline - created - executive director - duties - oversight. (1) (a) The office of judicial discipline is established as an independent office housed within the department. The commission shall oversee the office.

(b) Subject to the commission's supervision, the office shall:

(I) Staff and support the commission's operations. The initial staffing includes the executive director, a full-time administrative support person, an attorney, and an investigator.

(II) Receive requests for evaluation involving justices and judges;

(III) Conduct public education efforts concerning the judicial discipline process and the recommendations made by the commission;

(IV) Engage in and provide educational background to the public, the department, judicial nominating commissions, and judicial performance commissions regarding the requirements of the code and the commission; and

(V) Complete any other duties as assigned by the commission.

(2) (a) The commission shall appoint an executive director of the office. The executive director:

(I) Shall be admitted to practice law in the courts of this state and have practiced law in this state for at least ten years;

(II) Shall not be involved in the private practice of law while serving as the executive director; and

(III) Shall not appear as an attorney before the commission for a period of five years following service as the executive director.

(b) The executive director serves at the pleasure of the commission. The executive director's compensation is the same as the compensation the general assembly establishes for district court judges. The executive director shall hire additional staff for the office as necessary and as approved by the commission.

(c) The executive director has the following duties:

(I) Establish and maintain a permanent office;

(II) Respond to inquiries about the commission or the code;

(III) Advise the commission on the application and interpretation of the code and the rules;

(IV) Process requests for evaluation of judicial conduct;

(V) Conduct or supervise evaluations and investigations as directed by the commission;

(VI) Advise the commission as to potential dispositional recommendations as may be requested by the commission;

(VII) Maintain commission records;

(VIII) Maintain statistics concerning the operation of the commission and make them available to the commission;

(IX) Prepare the commission's budget and, once approved by the commission, submit it to the joint budget committee of the general assembly;

(X) Administer commission money and resources, including money in the commission on judicial discipline special cash fund;

(XI) Supervise commission staff;

(XII) Notify the appropriate appointing authority of vacancies on the commission;

(XIII) Assist the commission in preparing an annual report of the commission's activities for presentation to the commission, the supreme court, and the public;

(XIV) Supervise special counsel, investigators, other experts, or personnel as directed by the commission, as they investigate and process matters before the commission and before the supreme court; and

(XV) Perform such other duties as required by the rules, this article 5.3, the rules promulgated by the commission, or the commission.

(3) The department shall provide the commission and the office with office space in the Ralph L. Carr Colorado judicial center.

(4) Repealed.
C.R.S. § 13-71-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-118
13-71-118. Telephone notice
Status: in_force

13-71-118. Telephone notice. The jury commissioner or the court may permit a trial or grand juror to be available for juror service or continued juror service upon telephone notice. Such a juror shall provide the court with a telephone number at which the juror may be reached, with certainty, and shall agree to resume juror service, if necessary, not more than one hour after receiving telephone notice.
C.R.S. § 13-20-805 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 8 / Section 13-20-805
13-20-805. Tolling of statutes of limitation
Status: in_force

13-20-805. Tolling of statutes of limitation. If a notice of claim is sent to a construction professional in accordance with section 13-20-803.5 within the time prescribed for the filing of an action under any applicable statute of limitations or repose, then the statute of limitations or repose is tolled until sixty days after the completion of the notice of claim process described in section 13-20-803.5.
C.R.S. § 13-2-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-111
13-2-111. Employees - compensation
Status: in_force

13-2-111. Employees - compensation. (1) The supreme court may appoint one clerk, two deputy clerks, one librarian of the supreme court library, one reporter and an assistant reporter of its decisions, two bailiffs, and such additional clerical assistants as may be necessary.

(2) Each justice of the supreme court may appoint one or more law clerks and such clerical personnel as may be necessary to assist him in fulfilling the duties of his office.

(3) All employees appointed under the provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section shall be appointed and compensated pursuant to the provisions of section 13-3-105.
C.R.S. § 13-45-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-114
13-45-114. Avoiding writ - penalty
Status: in_force

13-45-114. Avoiding writ - penalty. Anyone having a person in his or her custody or under his or her restraint, power, or control for whose relief a writ of habeas corpus is issued who, with the intent to avoid the effect of such writ, transfers such person to the custody, or places him or her under the control, of another or conceals him or her or changes the place of his or her confinement with intent to avoid the operation of such a writ or with intent to remove him or her out of this state commits a class 6 felony and shall be punished as provided in section 18-1.3-401, C.R.S. In any prosecution for the penalty incurred under this section, it shall not be necessary to show that the writ of habeas corpus had issued at the time of the removal, transfer, or concealment therein mentioned if it is proved that the acts therein forbidden were done with the intent to avoid the operation of such writ.
C.R.S. § 13-21-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-107
13-21-107. Damages for destruction or bodily injury caused by minors
Status: in_force

13-21-107. Damages for destruction or bodily injury caused by minors. (1) The state or any county, city, town, school district, or other political subdivision of the state, or any person, partnership, corporation, association, or religious organization, whether incorporated or unincorporated, is entitled to recover damages in an amount not to exceed three thousand five hundred dollars in a court of competent jurisdiction from the parents of each minor under the age of eighteen years, living with such parents, who maliciously or willfully damages or destroys property, real, personal, or mixed, belonging to the state, or to any such county, city, town, or other political subdivision of the state, or to any such person, partnership, corporation, association, or religious organization or who maliciously or willfully damages or destroys any such property belonging to or used by such school district. The recovery shall be the actual damages in an amount not to exceed three thousand five hundred dollars, in addition to court costs and reasonable attorney fees.

(2) Any person is entitled to recover damages in an amount not to exceed three thousand five hundred dollars in a court of competent jurisdiction from the parents of each minor under the age of eighteen years, living with such parents, who knowingly causes bodily injury to that person, including bodily injury occurring on property belonging to or used by a school district. The recovery shall be the actual damages in an amount not to exceed three thousand five hundred dollars, in addition to court costs and reasonable attorney fees.
C.R.S. § 13-10-115.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-115.5
13-10-115.5. Expungement of juvenile delinquent records - definition
Status: in_force

13-10-115.5. Expungement of juvenile delinquent records - definition. (1) (a) For the purposes of this section, "expungement" is defined in section 19-1-103. Upon the entry of an expungement order by a municipal court, the person who is the subject of the expunged record may assert that he or she has no juvenile municipal court record. The person who is the subject of the expunged record may lawfully deny that he or she has ever been arrested, charged, adjudicated, convicted, or sentenced in regard to the expunged case, matter, or charge.

(b) The court, law enforcement agency, and all other agencies shall reply to any inquiry regarding an expunged record that no record exists with respect to the person named in the record, unless information may be shared with the inquiring party pursuant to subsection (3) of this section.

(2) (a) If a juvenile is sentenced by a municipal court, the municipal court, at sentencing, shall provide the juvenile and any respondent parent or guardian with a written advisement of the right to expungement and the time period and process for expunging the record. The municipal court may provide the notice through a municipal diversion program, the city attorney, or a municipal probation program.

(b) Expungement must be effectuated by physically sealing or conspicuously indicating on the face of the record or at the beginning of the computerized file of the record that the record has been designated as expunged.

(c) A prosecuting attorney shall not require as a condition of a plea agreement that a juvenile waive his or her right to expungement pursuant to this section upon the completion of the juvenile's sentence.

(d) Prior to the court ordering any records expunged, the court shall determine whether the juvenile has any actions pending before the municipal court, and, if the court determines that there is an action pending against the juvenile, the court shall stay the petition for expungement proceedings until the resolution of the pending case.

(3) (a) After expungement, basic identification information on the juvenile and a list of any state and local agencies and officials having contact with the juvenile, as they appear in the records, are not open to the public but are available to a prosecuting attorney, local law enforcement agency, the department of human services, the state and municipal judicial departments, and the victim, as defined in section 24-4.1-302 (5); except that such information is not available to an agency of the military forces of the United States.

(b) Notwithstanding any order for expungement pursuant to this section, any record that is ordered expunged is available to any judge and the probation department for use in any future proceeding in which the person whose record was expunged is charged with an offense as either a juvenile or as an adult. A new criminal, delinquency, or municipal charge may not be brought against the juvenile based upon information gained initially or solely from examination of the expunged records.

(c) Notwithstanding an order for expungement pursuant to this section, any criminal justice record of a juvenile who has been charged, adjudicated, or convicted of any offense must be available for use by the juvenile, the juvenile's attorney, a prosecuting attorney, any law enforcement agency, or any agency of the state or municipal judicial departments in any subsequent criminal investigation or prosecution as a substantive predicate offense conviction or adjudication of record.

(d) Notwithstanding any order for expungement issued pursuant to this section, nothing prevents the prosecuting attorney, including the staff of a prosecuting attorney's office, a victim or witness assistance program, a law enforcement agency, or law enforcement victim assistance program, from discussing with the victim the case, the results of any expungement proceedings, information regarding restitution, and information related to any victim services available to the victim as defined in section 24-4.1-302 (5), but copies of expunged records must not be provided to the victim. The victim may petition the court and request that a copy of the expunged records be provided to the victim. If the court finds that there are compelling reasons for the release, a copy of the expunged records may be released to the victim. If the court orders the release of a copy of the expunged records to the victim, the court must issue a protective order regarding the use of the expunged records.

(e) Notwithstanding any order for expungement issued pursuant to this section, any information, including police affidavits and reports and records related to any prior conviction or adjudication, are available without court order to the persons, government agencies, or entities allowed access to or allowed to exchange such information pursuant to section 19-1-303 for the purposes described therein. Any person who knowingly violates the confidentiality provisions of section 19-1-303 is subject to the penalty in section 19-1-303 (4.7).

(4) (a) In a juvenile municipal case where no natural person is listed as a victim, the municipal court shall order all records in the juvenile municipal case in the custody of the court, and any records related to the case and charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization, expunged within forty-two days after the conclusion of the case.

(b) In a juvenile municipal case where a natural person is listed as a victim, the municipal court shall send notice on the date the sentence is completed to the prosecuting attorney that all records in a case charging a juvenile with a violation of a municipal code or ordinance, excluding offenses charged pursuant to title 42, all records of the case in the custody of the court, and any records related to the case or charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization will be expunged forty-two days after completion of the municipal sentence.

(c) If the prosecuting attorney does not file an objection within forty-two days after receipt of the notice from the court pursuant to subsection (4)(b) of this section, the municipal court shall order all records related to the case and charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization expunged.

(d) If the prosecuting attorney files an objection within forty-two days after receipt of the notice by the court pursuant to subsection (4)(b) of this section, the court shall schedule a hearing on the issue of expungement. The court shall notify the prosecuting attorney of the hearing date.

(e) If a hearing is scheduled pursuant to subsection (4)(d) of this section, the court shall send notice to the last-known address of the juvenile notifying the juvenile of the date of the hearing and of the juvenile's right to appear at the hearing and to present evidence to the court in writing prior to the hearing and in person at the hearing. The notice must indicate that, at the hearing, the court will consider whether the juvenile has been rehabilitated and whether the expungement is in the best interests of the juvenile and the community. The juvenile is not required to appear at the hearing.

(f) At a hearing held pursuant to this subsection (4), the court shall order all records of the case in the custody of the court, and any records related to the case or charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization, expunged if the juvenile has successfully completed the sentence, or the municipal court case is closed, unless the court finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that the juvenile has not been rehabilitated and that expungement is not in the best interests of the juvenile or the community. If the court enters an order denying expungement of the records, the juvenile shall have the right to appeal to the district court, and all fees related to the appeal must be waived.

(g) The municipal court shall, on the first day of every month, review all juvenile municipal court files for that same month for the previous two years that resulted in a finding of not guilty or guilty or resulted in diversion, deferred adjudication, dismissal, or other disposition or resolution, and enter an expungement order for all juveniles eligible for expungement pursuant to this subsection (4) if the expungement order was not previously made.

(h) Unless a hearing has taken place and findings made pursuant to subsection (4)(f) of this section, the court shall order all records related to the municipal case in the custody of the court, and any records related to the case and charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization, expunged pursuant to this subsection (4) if the court finds that the sentence has been completed or the municipal court case is closed.

(i) With the victim's consent, or if there is no named victim, the prosecuting attorney may agree at the time of a plea that there will be no objection to expungement upon the completion of the juvenile's sentence. In such a case, the court shall order all records of the case in the custody of the court, and any records related to the case or charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization, expunged upon completion of the juvenile's sentence. A hearing is not required.

(5) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (4) of this section, a municipal court shall not expunge the record of a person who is charged, adjudicated, or convicted of any traffic offense or traffic infraction pursuant to title 42 or a corresponding municipal traffic code.

(6) Upon the entry of an order expunging a record pursuant to this section, the court shall order, in writing, the expungement of all case records in the custody of the court and any records related to the case and charges in the custody of any other agency, person, company, or organization. The court may order expunged any records, but, at a minimum, the following records must be expunged pursuant to every expungement order:

(a) All court records;

(b) All records retained within the office of the prosecuting attorney;

(c) All probation and parole records;

(d) All law enforcement records;

(e) All division of youth services records and jail records if the juvenile was detained in a division of youth services facility or in a jail;

(f) All department of human services records; and

(g) References to the municipal case or charge contained in the school records.

(7) (a) When an expungement order is issued pursuant to this section, the court shall send a copy of the order to the juvenile, the juvenile's last attorney of record, the prosecuting attorney, the law enforcement agency or agencies that investigated the case, and the Colorado bureau of investigation directing the entity to expunge its records within thirty-five days after the receipt of the order.

(b) The court shall also send a copy of the order to the municipal probation department if the juvenile was placed on municipal probation at any point during the case, the division of youth services if the juvenile was sentenced or ordered to any period of detention in a division of youth services facility by the municipal court, and the jail if the juvenile was held in or sentenced to time in a jail by the municipal court, directing the entity to expunge the records in its custody as soon as practicable but no later than ninety days after the receipt of the order.

(c) The juvenile, the juvenile's attorney, or the juvenile's parent or legal guardian may provide to the court, within seven days after the completion of the sentence or the case being closed, a list of all agency custodians that may have custody of any records subject to the expungement order. At no cost to the juvenile, the court shall send a copy of the expungement order to the agency, person, company, or organization, as requested, directing the entity to expunge its records within thirty-five days. Additionally, the juvenile or his or her parent or guardian may also provide a copy of the order to any other custodian of records subject to the order.

(d) Each entity described in this subsection (7) that is in possession of such records shall expunge the records in its custody as directed by the order.

(e) The person who is the subject of records expunged pursuant to this section may petition the court to permit inspection of the records held by persons named in the order, and the court may so order.

(8) Any agency, person, company, or organization that violates this section and knew that the records in question were subject to an expungement order may be subject to criminal and civil contempt of court and may be punished by a fine.

(9) Employers; educational institutions; landlords; and state and local government agencies, officials, and employees shall not, in any application or interview or in any other way, require an applicant to disclose any information contained in expunged records. In answer to any question concerning arrest or juvenile and criminal records information that has been expunged, an applicant need not include a reference to or information concerning the expunged information and may state that no record exists. An application may not be denied solely because of the applicant's refusal to disclose records or information that has been expunged.

(10) Nothing in this section authorizes the physical destruction of any juvenile or criminal justice record.
C.R.S. § 13-5.3-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.3 / Section 13-5.3-105
13-5.3-105. Information-sharing with judicial oversight entities - legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-5.3-105. Information-sharing with judicial oversight entities - legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly finds and declares that:

(a) Several entities within the department share a role in the oversight of the judiciary and, as a result, often become aware of and involved in investigations that relate to matters that may come before the commission, including the office of judicial performance evaluation, the judicial nominating commissions, the office of the presiding disciplinary judge, and the office of attorney regulation counsel, collectively referred to in this section as "judicial oversight entities"; and

(b) In order for the commission and the judicial oversight entities to properly perform their functions, they need to be able to share relevant information and documents while maintaining their respective rules of confidentiality.

(2) When requested by a judicial oversight entity, the commission may provide the disciplinary record of a judge or justice to the requesting entity. The judicial oversight entity shall keep the information confidential to the same extent that the commission is required to do so pursuant to the state constitution and the rules.

(3) (a) When a judicial oversight entity receives information indicating or alleging potential judicial misconduct, the entity shall share the portion of the complaint alleging judicial misconduct with the commission within a reasonable time. Thereafter, the commission may request further material or information that the oversight entity holds relating to the allegation of judicial misconduct. The judicial oversight entity shall provide the requested material or information to the commission within fourteen calendar days after the commission's request. A judicial oversight entity may not withhold requested material or information through a claim of privilege or confidentiality that it holds. Any information or materials received from the entity are subject to the commission's rules of confidentiality.

(b) A provision in a contract, including in a nondisclosure agreement, entered into after August 7, 2023, that prohibits a judicial oversight entity from disclosing to the commission information described in this subsection (3) is void as against public policy and is unenforceable.
C.R.S. § 13-90-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-107
13-90-107. Who may not testify without consent - definitions
Status: in_force

13-90-107. Who may not testify without consent - definitions. (1) There are particular relations in which it is the policy of the law to encourage confidence and to preserve it inviolate; therefore, a person must not be examined as a witness in the following cases:

(a) (I) Except as otherwise provided in section 14-13-310 (4), C.R.S., a husband shall not be examined for or against his wife without her consent nor a wife for or against her husband without his consent; nor during the marriage or afterward shall either be examined without the consent of the other as to any communications made by one to the other during the marriage; but this exception does not apply to a civil action or proceeding by one against the other, a criminal action or proceeding for a crime committed by one against the other, or a criminal action or proceeding against one or both spouses when the alleged offense occurred prior to the date of the parties' marriage. However, this exception shall not attach if the otherwise privileged information is communicated after the marriage.

(II) The privilege described in this paragraph (a) does not apply to class 1, 2, or 3 felonies as described in section 18-1.3-401 (1)(a)(IV) and (1)(a)(V), C.R.S., or to level 1 or 2 drug felonies as described in section 18-1.3-401.5 (2)(a), C.R.S. In this instance, during the marriage or afterward, a husband shall not be examined for or against his wife as to any communications intended to be made in confidence and made by one to the other during the marriage without his consent, and a wife shall not be examined for or against her husband as to any communications intended to be made in confidence and made by one to the other without her consent.

(III) Communications between a husband and wife are not privileged pursuant to this paragraph (a) if such communications are made for the purpose of aiding the commission of a future crime or of a present continuing crime.

(IV) The burden of proving the existence of a marriage for the purposes of this paragraph (a) shall be on the party asserting the claim.

(V) Notice of the assertion of the marital privilege shall be given as soon as practicable but not less than ten days prior to assertion at any hearing.

(a.5) (I) Except as otherwise provided in section 14-13-310 (5), C.R.S., a partner in a civil union shall not be examined for or against the other partner in the civil union without the other partner's consent, nor during the civil union or afterward shall either be examined without the consent of the other as to any communications made by one to the other during the civil union; except that this exception does not apply to a civil action or proceeding by one against the other, a criminal action or proceeding for a crime committed by one against the other, or a criminal action or proceeding against one or both partners when the alleged offense occurred prior to the date of the parties' certification of the civil union. However, this exception shall not attach if the otherwise privileged information is communicated after the certification of the civil union.

(II) The privilege described in this paragraph (a.5) does not apply to class 1, 2, or 3 felonies as described in section 18-1.3-401 (1)(a)(IV) and (1)(a)(V), C.R.S., or to level 1 or 2 drug felonies as described in section 18-1.3-401.5 (2)(a), C.R.S. In this instance, during the civil union or afterward, a partner in a civil union shall not be examined for or against the other partner in the civil union as to any communications intended to be made in confidence and made by one to the other during the civil union without the other partner's consent.

(III) Communications between partners in a civil union are not privileged pursuant to this paragraph (a.5) if such communications are made for the purpose of aiding the commission of a future crime or of a present continuing crime.

(IV) The burden of proving the existence of a civil union for the purposes of this paragraph (a.5) shall be on the party asserting the claim.

(V) Notice of the assertion of the privilege described in this paragraph (a.5) shall be given as soon as practicable but not less than ten days prior to assertion at any hearing.

(VI) For the purposes of this paragraph (a.5), "partner in a civil union" means a person who has entered into a civil union established in accordance with the requirements of article 15 of title 14, C.R.S.

(b) An attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional shall not be examined without the consent of the attorney's or licensed legal paraprofessional's client as to any communication made by the client to the attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional or to any advice given to the client by the client's attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional in the course of professional employment; nor shall an attorney's or licensed legal paraprofessional's secretary, paralegal, legal assistant, stenographer, or clerk be examined without the consent of the attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional concerning any fact, the knowledge of which is acquired in the person's capacity as the attorney's or licensed legal paraprofessional's employee.

(c) A clergy member, minister, priest, or rabbi shall not be examined without both his or her consent and also the consent of the person making the confidential communication as to any confidential communication made to him or her in his or her professional capacity in the course of discipline expected by the religious body to which he or she belongs.

(d) A physician, surgeon, or registered professional nurse duly authorized to practice his or her profession pursuant to the laws of this state or any other state shall not be examined without the consent of his or her patient as to any information acquired in attending the patient that was necessary to enable him or her to prescribe or act for the patient, but this paragraph (d) shall not apply to:

(I) A physician, surgeon, or registered professional nurse who is sued by or on behalf of a patient or by or on behalf of the heirs, executors, or administrators of a patient on any cause of action arising out of or connected with the physician's or nurse's care or treatment of such patient;

(II) A physician, surgeon, or registered professional nurse who was in consultation with a physician, surgeon, or registered professional nurse being sued as provided in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (d) on the case out of which said suit arises;

(III) A review of a physician's or registered professional nurse's services by any of the following:

(A) The governing board of a hospital licensed pursuant to part 1 of article 3 of title 25, C.R.S., where said physician or registered professional nurse practices or the medical staff of such hospital if the medical staff operates pursuant to written bylaws approved by the governing board of such hospital;

(B) An organization authorized by federal or state law or contract to review physicians' or registered professional nurses' services or an organization which reviews the cost or quality of physicians' or registered professional nurses' services under a contract with the sponsor of a nongovernment group health-care program;

(C) The Colorado medical board, the state board of nursing, or a person or group authorized by such board to make an investigation in its behalf;

(D) A peer review committee of a society or association of physicians or registered professional nurses whose membership includes not less than one-third of the medical doctors or doctors of osteopathy or registered professional nurses licensed to practice in this state and only if the physician or registered professional nurse whose services are the subject of review is a member of such society or association and said physician or registered professional nurse has signed a release authorizing such review;

(E) A committee, board, agency, government official, or court to which appeal may be taken from any of the organizations or groups listed in this subparagraph (III);

(IV) A physician or any health-care provider who was in consultation with the physician who may have acquired any information or records relating to the services performed by the physician specified in subparagraph (III) of this paragraph (d);

(V) A registered professional nurse who is subject to any claim or the nurse's employer subject to any claim therein based on a nurse's actions, which claims are required to be defended and indemnified by any insurance company or trust obligated by contract;

(VI) A physician, surgeon, or registered professional nurse who is being examined as a witness as a result of his consultation for medical care or genetic counseling or screening pursuant to section 13-64-502 in connection with a civil action to which section 13-64-502 applies.

(e) A public officer shall not be examined as to communications made to him in official confidence, when the public interests, in the judgment of the court, would suffer by the disclosure.

(f) (I) A certified public accountant shall not be examined without the consent of his or her client as to any communication made by the client to him or her in person or through the media of books of account and financial records or his or her advice, reports, or working papers given or made thereon in the course of professional employment; nor shall a secretary, stenographer, clerk, or assistant of a certified public accountant be examined without the consent of the client concerned concerning any fact, the knowledge of which he or she has acquired in such capacity.

(II) No certified public accountant in the employ of the state auditor's office shall be examined as to any communication made in the course of professional service to the legislative audit committee either in person or through the media of books of account and financial records or advice, reports, or working papers given or made thereon; nor shall a secretary, clerk, or assistant of a certified public accountant who is in the employ of the state auditor's office be examined concerning any fact, the knowledge of which such secretary, clerk, or assistant acquired in such capacity, unless such information has been made open to public inspection by a majority vote of the members of the legislative audit committee.

(III) (A) Subpoena powers for public entity audit and reviews. Subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (f) shall not apply to the Colorado state board of accountancy, nor to a person or group authorized by the board to make an investigation on the board's behalf, concerning an accountant's reports, working papers, or advice to a public entity that relate to audit or review accounting activities of the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm being investigated.

(B) For the purposes of this subparagraph (III), a "public entity" shall include a governmental agency or entity; quasi-governmental entity; nonprofit entity; or public company that is considered an "issuer", as defined in section 2 of the federal "Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002", 15 U.S.C. sec. 7201.

(IV) (A) Subpoena powers for private entity audit and reviews. Subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (f) shall not apply to the Colorado state board of accountancy, nor to a person or group authorized by the board to make an investigation on the board's behalf, concerning an accountant's reports or working papers of a private entity that is not publicly traded and relate to audit or review attest activities of the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm being investigated. This subparagraph (IV) shall not be construed to authorize the Colorado state board of accountancy or its agent to subpoena or examine income tax returns.

(B) At the request of either the client of the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm or the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm subject to the subpoena pursuant to this subsection (1)(f)(IV), a second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant with no interest in the matter may review the report or working papers for compliance with the provisions of article 100 of title 12. The second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant conducting the review must be approved by the board prior to beginning its review. The approval of the second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant shall be in good faith. The written report issued by a second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant shall be in lieu of a review by the board. Such report shall be limited to matters directly related to the work performed by the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm being investigated and should exclude specific references to client financial information. The party requesting that a second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant review the reports and working papers shall pay any additional expenses related to retaining the second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant by the party who made the request. The written report of the second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant shall be submitted to the board. The board may use the findings of the second certified public accounting firm or certified public accountant as grounds for discipline pursuant to article 100 of title 12.

(V) Disclosure of information under subsection (1)(f)(III) or (1)(f)(IV) of this section shall not waive or otherwise limit the confidentiality and privilege of such information nor relieve any certified public accountant, any certified public accounting firm, the Colorado state board of accountancy, or a person or group authorized by such board of the obligation of confidentiality. Disclosure that is not in good faith of such information shall subject the board, a member thereof, or its agent to civil liability pursuant to section 12-100-104 (4).

(VI) Any certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm that receives a subpoena for reports or accountant's working papers related to the audit or review attest activities of the accountant or accounting firm pursuant to subparagraph (III) or (IV) of this paragraph (f) shall notify his or her client of the subpoena within three business days after the date of service of the subpoena.

(VII) Subparagraph (III) or (IV) of this paragraph (f) shall not operate as a waiver, on behalf of any third party or the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm, of due process remedies available under the "State Administrative Procedure Act", article 4 of title 24, C.R.S., the open records laws, article 72 of title 24, C.R.S., or any other provision of law.

(VIII) Prior to the disclosure of information pursuant to subparagraph (III) or (IV) of this paragraph (f), the certified public accountant, certified public accounting firm, or client thereof shall have the opportunity to designate reports or working papers related to the attest function under subpoena as privileged and confidential pursuant to this paragraph (f) or the open records laws, article 72 of title 24, C.R.S., in order to assure that the report or working papers shall not be disseminated or otherwise republished and shall only be reviewed pursuant to limited authority granted to the board under subparagraph (III) or (IV) of this paragraph (f).

(IX) No later than thirty days after the board of accountancy completes the investigation for which records or working papers are subpoenaed pursuant to subparagraph (III) or (IV) of this paragraph (f), the board shall return all original records, working papers, or copies thereof to the certified public accountant or certified public accounting firm.

(X) Nothing in subparagraphs (III) and (IV) of this paragraph (f) shall cause the accountant-client privilege to be waived as to customer financial and account information of depository institutions or to the regulatory examinations and other regulatory information relating to depository institutions.

(XI) For the purposes of subparagraphs (III) to (X) of this paragraph (f), "entity" shall have the same meaning as in section 7-90-102 (20), C.R.S.

(g) A licensed psychologist, professional counselor, marriage and family therapist, social worker, or addiction counselor, an unlicensed psychotherapist, a certified addiction counselor, a psychologist candidate registered pursuant to section 12-245-304 (3), a marriage and family therapist candidate registered pursuant to section 12-245-504 (4), a licensed professional counselor candidate registered pursuant to section 12-245-604 (4), or a person described in section 12-245-217 shall not be examined without the consent of the licensee's, certificate holder's, registrant's, candidate's, or person's client as to any communication made by the client to the licensee, certificate holder, registrant, candidate, or person or the licensee's, certificate holder's, registrant's, candidate's, or person's advice given in the course of professional employment; nor shall any secretary, stenographer, or clerk employed by a licensed psychologist, professional counselor, marriage and family therapist, social worker, or addiction counselor, an unlicensed psychotherapist, a certified addiction counselor, a psychologist candidate registered pursuant to section 12-245-304 (3), a marriage and family therapist candidate registered pursuant to section 12-245-504 (4), a licensed professional counselor candidate registered pursuant to section 12-245-604 (4), or a person described in section 12-245-217 be examined without the consent of the employer of the secretary, stenographer, or clerk concerning any fact, the knowledge of which the employee has acquired in such capacity; nor shall any person who has participated in any psychotherapy, conducted under the supervision of a person authorized by law to conduct such therapy, including group therapy sessions, be examined concerning any knowledge gained during the course of such therapy without the consent of the person to whom the testimony sought relates.

(h) A qualified interpreter, pursuant to section 13-90-202, who is called upon to testify concerning the communications he interpreted between a hearing-impaired person and another person, one of whom holds a privilege pursuant to this subsection (1), shall not be examined without the written consent of the person who holds the privilege.

(i) A confidential intermediary, as defined in section 19-1-103, must not be examined as to communications made to the intermediary in official confidence when the public interests, in the judgment of the court, would suffer by the disclosure of such communications.

(j) (I) (A) If any person or entity performs a voluntary self-evaluation, the person, any officer or employee of the entity or person involved with the voluntary self-evaluation, if a specific responsibility of such employee was the performance of or participation in the voluntary self-evaluation or the preparation of the environmental audit report, or any consultant who is hired for the purpose of performing the voluntary self-evaluation for the person or entity may not be examined as to the voluntary self-evaluation or environmental audit report without the consent of the person or entity or unless ordered to do so by any court of record, or, pursuant to section 24-4-105, C.R.S., by an administrative law judge. For the purposes of this paragraph (j), "voluntary self-evaluation" and "environmental audit report" have the meanings provided for the terms in section 13-25-126.5 (2).

(B) This paragraph (j) does not apply if the voluntary self-evaluation is subject to an exception allowing admission into evidence or discovery pursuant to the provisions of section 13-25-126.5 (3) or (4).

(II) This paragraph (j) applies to voluntary self-evaluations that are performed on or after June 1, 1994.

(k) (I) A victim's advocate shall not be examined as to any communication made to such victim's advocate by a victim of domestic violence, as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1), C.R.S., or a victim of sexual assault, as described in sections 18-3-401 to 18-3-405.5, 18-6-301, and 18-6-302, C.R.S., in person or through the media of written records or reports without the consent of the victim.

(II) For purposes of this paragraph (k), a "victim's advocate" means a person at a battered women's shelter or rape crisis organization or a comparable community-based advocacy program for victims of domestic violence or sexual assault and does not include an advocate employed by any law enforcement agency:

(A) Whose primary function is to render advice, counsel, or assist victims of domestic or family violence or sexual assault; and

(B) Who has undergone not less than fifteen hours of training as a victim's advocate or, with respect to an advocate who assists victims of sexual assault, not less than thirty hours of training as a sexual assault victim's advocate; and

(C) Who supervises employees of the program, administers the program, or works under the direction of a supervisor of the program.

(l) (I) A parent may not be examined as to any communication made in confidence by the parent's minor child to the parent when the minor child and the parent were in the presence of an attorney representing the minor child, or in the presence of a physician who has a confidential relationship with the minor child pursuant to paragraph (d) of this subsection (1), or in the presence of a mental health professional who has a confidential relationship with the minor child pursuant to paragraph (g) of this subsection (1), or in the presence of a clergy member, minister, priest, or rabbi who has a confidential relationship with the minor child pursuant to paragraph (c) of this subsection (1). The exception may be waived by express consent to disclosure by the minor child who made the communication or by failure of the minor child to object when the contents of the communication are demanded. This exception does not relieve any physician, mental health professional, or clergy member, minister, priest, or rabbi from any statutory reporting requirements.

(II) This exception does not apply to:

(A) Any civil action or proceeding by one parent against the other or by a parent or minor child against the other;

(B) Any proceeding to commit either the minor child or parent, pursuant to title 27, C.R.S., to whom the communication was made;

(C) Any guardianship or conservatorship action to place the person or property or both under the control of another because of an alleged mental or physical condition of the minor child or the minor child's parent;

(D) Any criminal action or proceeding in which a minor's parent is charged with a crime committed against the communicating minor child, the parent's spouse, the parent's partner in a civil union, or a minor child of either the parent or the parent's spouse or the parent's partner in a civil union;

(E) Any action or proceeding for termination of the parent-child legal relationship;

(F) Any action or proceeding for voluntary relinquishment of the parent-child legal relationship; or

(G) Any action or proceeding on a petition alleging child abuse, dependency or neglect, abandonment, or non-support by a parent.

(III) For purposes of this paragraph (l):

(A) "Minor child" means any person under the age of eighteen years.

(B) "Parent" includes the legal guardian or legal custodian of a minor child as well as adoptive parents.

(C) "Partner in a civil union" means a person who has entered into a civil union in accordance with the requirements of article 15 of title 14, C.R.S.

(m) (I) A law enforcement or firefighter peer support team member, emergency medical service provider or rescue unit peer support team member, or district attorney or public defender peer support team member must not be examined without the consent of the person to whom peer support services have been provided as to any communication made by the person to the peer support team member under the circumstances described in subsection (1)(m)(IV) of this section; nor is a recipient of peer support services to be examined as to any such communication without the recipient's consent.

(I.5) and (I.6) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2024.)

(II) Recipients of group peer support services must not be examined as to any knowledge gained from other recipients of group peer support services without the consent of the person to whom the knowledge relates.

(III) As used in this subsection (1)(m):

(A) "Communication" means an oral statement, written statement, note, record, report, or document made during, or arising out of, a meeting with a peer support team member.

(B) "District attorney or public defender peer support team member" means an employee of a district attorney's office or a public defender's office who has been trained in peer support skills and who is officially designated by a district attorney or the state public defender as a member of a district attorney's office peer support team or an office of the state public defender peer support team.

(C) "Emergency medical service provider or rescue unit peer support team member" means an emergency medical service provider, as defined in section 25-3.5-103, a regular or volunteer member of a rescue unit, as defined in section 25-3.5-103, or other person who has been trained in peer support skills and who is officially designated by the supervisor of an emergency medical service agency as defined in section 25-3.5-103 or a chief of a rescue unit as a member of an emergency medical service provider's peer support team or rescue unit's peer support team.

(D) "Group peer support services" means peer support interactions comprised of at least one peer support member and more than one recipient of group peer support services and includes any group meeting conducted or facilitated by one or more peer support team members for the purpose of peer support or incident debriefing.

(E) "Law enforcement or firefighter peer support team member" means a peace officer, civilian employee, or volunteer member of a law enforcement agency or a regular or volunteer member of a fire department or other person who has been trained in peer support skills and who is officially designated by a police chief, the chief of the Colorado state patrol, a sheriff, or a fire chief as a member of a law enforcement agency's peer support team or a fire department's peer support team.

(IV) This subsection (1)(m) applies only to communications made during interactions conducted by a peer support team member:

(A) Acting in the person's official capacity as a law enforcement or firefighter peer support team member, emergency medical service provider or rescue unit peer support team member, or district attorney or public defender peer support team member; and

(B) Functioning within the written peer support guidelines that are in effect for the person's respective law enforcement agency, fire department, emergency medical service agency, rescue unit, district attorney's office, or public defender's office.

(V) This subsection (1)(m) does not apply in cases in which:

(A) A law enforcement or firefighter peer support team member, emergency medical service provider or rescue unit peer support team member, or district attorney or public defender peer support team member was a witness or a party to an incident which prompted the delivery of peer support services;

(B) Information received by a peer support team member is indicative of actual or suspected child abuse, as described in section 18-6-401; actual or suspected child neglect, as described in section 19-3-102; or actual or suspected crimes against at-risk persons, as described in section 18-6.5-103;

(C) Due to intoxication by alcohol, being under the influence of drugs, or incapacitation by substances as described in section 27-81-111, the person receiving peer support is a clear and immediate danger to the person's self or others;

(D) There is reasonable cause to believe that the person receiving peer support has a mental health disorder and, due to the mental health disorder, is an imminent threat to himself or herself or others or is gravely disabled as defined in section 27-65-102; or

(E) There is information indicative of any criminal conduct.

(2) The medical records produced for use in the review provided for in subparagraphs (III), (IV), and (V) of paragraph (d) of subsection (1) of this section shall not become public records by virtue of such use. The identity of any patient whose records are so reviewed shall not be disclosed to any person not directly involved in such review process, and procedures shall be adopted by the Colorado medical board or state board of nursing to ensure that the identity of the patient shall be concealed during the review process itself.

(3) The provisions of subsection (1)(d) of this section shall not apply to physicians required to make reports in accordance with section 12-240-139. In addition, the provisions of subsections (1)(d) and (1)(g) of this section shall not apply to physicians or psychologists eligible to testify concerning a criminal defendant's mental condition pursuant to section 16-8-103.6. Physicians and psychologists testifying concerning a criminal defendant's mental condition pursuant to section 16-8-103.6 do not fall under the attorney-client privilege in subsection (1)(b) of this section.
C.R.S. § 13-74-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 74 / Section 13-74-105
13-74-105. Judicial supervision
Status: in_force

13-74-105. Judicial supervision. Judicial supervision of the judicial district grand jury shall be maintained by the chief judge who issued the order impaneling such grand jury, and all indictments, reports, and other formal returns of any kind made by such grand jury shall be returned to that judge.
C.R.S. § 13-52-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 52 / Section 13-52-111
13-52-111. Return - endorsement - entry
Status: in_force

13-52-111. Return - endorsement - entry. All executions shall be made returnable ninety days after date, and no writ of execution shall bind the personal property, goods, or chattels of any person against whom such writ is issued until the writ is delivered to the sheriff or other officer for execution. For a better manifestation of the time, the sheriff or other officer, on receipt of every such writ, shall endorse upon the back thereof the hour, day of the month, and the year when the same was received by him and shall immediately enter the receipt of said writ and the time of receiving it in a book to be kept for that purpose at the office of the sheriff. Said book shall be a public record and open to the inspection of the public. The execution shall be returned within ninety days from date of issue, unless sale is pending under levy made.
C.R.S. § 13-16-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-124
13-16-124. Sheriff's fees charged to judicial department
Status: in_force

13-16-124. Sheriff's fees charged to judicial department. Except as provided for by section 13-16-103, in any civil action in which civil process is delivered to a county or city and county sheriff by the judicial department for service of process, the court in which the civil action is pending shall assess as costs against the party or parties requesting such service to be paid to the court the fees charged by the sheriff pursuant to section 30-1-104 (1), C.R.S. No civil action may be dismissed until such costs have been paid to the court.
C.R.S. § 13-20-802 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 8 / Section 13-20-802
13-20-802. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-20-802. Legislative declaration. The general assembly hereby finds, declares, and determines that changes in the law are necessary and appropriate concerning actions claiming damages, indemnity, or contribution in connection with alleged construction defects. It is the intent of the general assembly that this part 8 apply to these types of civil actions while preserving adequate rights and remedies for property owners who bring and maintain such actions.
C.R.S. § 13-50.5-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 50.5 / Section 13-50.5-102
13-50.5-102. Right to contribution - contract or agreement provision to indemnify or hold har
Status: in_force

13-50.5-102. Right to contribution - contract or agreement provision to indemnify or hold harmless void against public policy. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this article, where two or more persons become jointly or severally liable in tort for the same injury to person or property or for the same wrongful death, there is a right of contribution among them even though judgment has not been recovered against all or any of them.

(2) The right of contribution exists only in favor of a tortfeasor who has paid more than his pro rata share of the common liability, and his total recovery is limited to the amount paid by him in excess of his pro rata share. No tortfeasor is compelled to make contribution beyond his own pro rata share of the entire liability.

(3) There is no right of contribution in favor of any tortfeasor who has intentionally, willfully, or wantonly caused or contributed to the injury or wrongful death.

(4) A tortfeasor who enters into a settlement with a claimant is not entitled to recover contribution from another tortfeasor whose liability for the injury or wrongful death is not extinguished by the settlement nor in respect to any amount paid in a settlement which is in excess of what was reasonable.

(5) A liability insurer, who by payment has discharged in full or in part the liability of a tortfeasor and has thereby discharged in full its obligation as insurer, is subrogated to the tortfeasor's right of contribution to the extent of the amount it has paid in excess of the tortfeasor's pro rata share of the common liability. This provision does not limit or impair any right of subrogation arising from any other relationship.

(6) This article does not impair any right of indemnity under existing law. Where one tortfeasor is entitled to indemnity from another, the right of the indemnity obligee is for indemnity and not contribution, and the indemnity obligor is not entitled to contribution from the obligee for any portion of his indemnity obligation.

(7) This article shall not apply to breaches of trust or of other fiduciary obligation.

(8) (a) Any public contract or agreement for architectural, engineering, or surveying services; design; construction; alteration; repair; or maintenance of any building, structure, highway, bridge, viaduct, water, sewer, or gas distribution system, or other works dealing with construction, or any moving, demolition, or excavation connected with such construction that contains a covenant, promise, agreement, or combination thereof to defend, indemnify, or hold harmless any public entity is enforceable only to the extent and for an amount represented by the degree or percentage of negligence or fault attributable to the indemnity obligor or the indemnity obligor's agents, representatives, subcontractors, or suppliers. Any such covenant, promise, agreement, or combination thereof requiring an indemnity obligor to defend, indemnify, or hold harmless any public entity from that public entity's own negligence is void as against public policy and wholly unenforceable.

(b) This subsection (8) shall not apply to construction bonds, contracts of insurance, or insurance policies that provide for the defense, indemnification, or holding harmless of public entities or contract clauses regarding insurance. This subsection (8) is intended only to affect the contractual relationship between the parties relating to the defense, indemnification, or holding harmless of public entities, and nothing in this subsection (8) shall affect any other rights or remedies of public entities or contracting parties.

(c) If the indemnity obligor is a person or entity providing architectural, engineering, surveying, or other design services, then the extent of an indemnity obligor's obligation to defend, indemnify, or hold harmless an indemnity obligee may be determined only after the indemnity obligor's liability or fault has been determined by adjudication, alternative dispute resolution, or otherwise resolved by mutual agreement between the indemnity obligor and obligee.
C.R.S. § 13-71-136 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-136
13-71-136. Availability of juror list
Status: in_force

13-71-136. Availability of juror list. (1) Absent a court order to the contrary, upon request, the jury commissioner shall make available for inspection by parties, counsel, or their agents a list of prospective jurors containing the jurors' names. The jury commissioner shall assure that the juror resides in the proper county.

(2) Absent a court order to the contrary, upon request, the jury commissioner shall make available for inspection by counsel or pro se parties a list of prospective jurors containing the jurors' names and addresses.

(3) Upon request, the jury commissioner shall make available for inspection by members of the public a list of prospective jurors containing only the jurors' name and juror number.
C.R.S. § 13-90-206 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 2 / Section 13-90-206
13-90-206. Use of an intermediary interpreter
Status: in_force

13-90-206. Use of an intermediary interpreter. If the qualified interpreter makes a determination that he or she is unable to render a satisfactory interpretation without the aid of an intermediary interpreter, the appointing authority may appoint an intermediary interpreter to assist the qualified interpreter.
C.R.S. § 13-82-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 82 / Section 13-82-104
13-82-104. Conflict of laws - limitation periods
Status: in_force

13-82-104. Conflict of laws - limitation periods. (1) Except as provided in section 13-82-106, if a claim is substantively based:

(a) Upon the law of one other state, the limitation period of that state applies; or

(b) Upon the law of more than one state, the limitation period of one of those states chosen by the law of conflict of laws of this state applies.

(2) The limitation period of this state applies to all other claims.
C.R.S. § 13-74-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 74 / Section 13-74-109
13-74-109. Applicability
Status: in_force

13-74-109. Applicability. The provisions of this article shall apply to all judicial districts.
C.R.S. § 13-2-127 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-127
13-2-127. Method for review
Status: in_force

13-2-127. Method for review. Appellate review by the supreme court of any action or proceeding of an inferior tribunal, whether such action or proceeding is civil, criminal, special, statutory, common law, or otherwise, shall be prescribed by rule of the supreme court, except as otherwise provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-4-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-104
13-4-104. Term of office - selection
Status: in_force

13-4-104. Term of office - selection. (1) The term of office for a judge of the court of appeals is eight years.

(2) Judicial appointments to the court of appeals shall be made pursuant to section 20 of article VI of the state constitution.
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-111
13-5.5-111. Judicial performance evaluations - senior judges
Status: repealed

13-5.5-111. Judicial performance evaluations - senior judges. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-93-307 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-307
13-93-307. Individuals forbidden to practice
Status: in_force

13-93-307. Individuals forbidden to practice. A coroner, sheriff, deputy sheriff, or jailer, though qualified, shall not practice as a licensed legal paraprofessional in the county in which the individual is commissioned or appointed, and a clerk of the supreme court or district court shall not practice as a licensed legal paraprofessional in the court in which the individual is the clerk.
C.R.S. § 13-5-142.8 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-142.8
13-5-142.8. Notice by professional persons
Status: in_force

13-5-142.8. Notice by professional persons. Under sections 13-9-123 (1), 13-9-124 (2), 13-5-142 (1), and 13-5-142.5 (2), an order for involuntary certification for short-term treatment of a mental health disorder pursuant to section 27-65-108.5 or 27-65-109 must also include a notice filed by a professional person pursuant to section 27-65-108.5 or 27-65-109, and an order for extended certification for treatment of a mental health disorder pursuant to section 27-65-109 (10) must also include a notice filed by a professional person pursuant to section 27-65-109 (10).
C.R.S. § 13-94-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 94 / Section 13-94-107
13-94-107. Director shall develop rules
Status: in_force

13-94-107. Director shall develop rules. (1) The director shall develop rules to implement this article 94. The rules, at a minimum, must include policies concerning:

(a) Conflicts of interest for guardians employed pursuant to this article 94;

(b) The solicitation and acceptance of gifts, grants, and donations pursuant to section 13-94-108 (3); and

(c) A list of the organizations that certify guardians and whose certifications are recognized by the office.
C.R.S. § 13-1-404 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 4 / Section 13-1-404
13-1-404. Remedies
Status: in_force

13-1-404. Remedies. (1) A person who knowingly violates section 13-1-403 (1) or a writ of protection issued pursuant to section 13-1-403 (2) is liable for damages in a civil action for false imprisonment.

(2) A person who knowingly violates section 13-1-403 (1) or a writ of protection issued pursuant to section 13-1-403 (2) is subject to contempt of court.

(3) The attorney general may bring a civil action on behalf of the people of the state for a violation of section 13-1-403 to obtain appropriate equitable or declaratory relief.

(4) A person arrested or detained in violation of section 13-1-403 may seek a writ of habeas corpus.
C.R.S. § 13-82-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 82 / Section 13-82-103
13-82-103. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-82-103. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Claim" means a right of action that may be asserted in a civil action or proceeding and includes a right of action created by statute.

(2) "State" means a state, commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, a foreign country, or a political subdivision of any of them.
C.R.S. § 13-51-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-103
13-51-103. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-51-103. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Person" means any person, partnership, joint stock company, unincorporated association, or society, or municipal or other corporation of any character whatsoever.
C.R.S. § 13-51-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-107
13-51-107. Contract construed any time
Status: in_force

13-51-107. Contract construed any time. A contract may be construed either before or after there has been a breach thereof.
C.R.S. § 13-71-129 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-129
13-71-129. Compensation of jurors after first three days of service
Status: in_force

13-71-129. Compensation of jurors after first three days of service. The state shall pay each trial or grand juror who serves more than three days for the fourth day of service and each day thereafter at the rate of fifty dollars per day. A trial or grand juror receiving payment under this section shall not be entitled to additional reimbursement for travel or other out-of-pocket expenses.
C.R.S. § 13-27-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 27 / Section 13-27-104
13-27-104. Validity of unsworn declaration
Status: in_force

13-27-104. Validity of unsworn declaration. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (2) of this section, if a law of this state requires or permits use of a sworn declaration in a court proceeding, an unsworn declaration meeting the requirements of this article 27 has the same effect as a sworn declaration.

(2) This article 27 does not apply to:

(a) A deposition;

(b) An oath of office;

(c) An oath required to be given before a specified official other than a notary public;

(d) A declaration to be recorded pursuant to article 35 of title 38 for the purposes of conveying and recording title to real property or a declaration required to be recorded for purposes of registering title to real property pursuant to article 36 of title 38; or

(e) An oath required by section 15-11-504 for a self-proved will.
C.R.S. § 13-22-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 1 / Section 13-22-102
13-22-102. Minors - consent for medical care and treatment for use of drugs or a substance
Status: in_force

13-22-102. Minors - consent for medical care and treatment for use of drugs or a substance use disorder. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any physician licensed to practice in this state, upon consultation by a minor as a patient, with the consent of such minor patient, may examine, prescribe for, and treat the minor patient for use of drugs or a substance use disorder without the consent of or notification to the parent, parents, or legal guardian of the minor patient, or to any other person having custody or decision-making responsibility with respect to the medical care of the minor patient. In any such case the physician or any person acting pursuant to the minor's direction incurs no civil or criminal liability by reason of having made such examination or prescription or having rendered such treatment, but this immunity does not apply to any negligent acts or omissions by the physician or any person acting pursuant to the physician's direction.
C.R.S. § 13-10-123 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-123
13-10-123. Procedendo on dismissal
Status: in_force

13-10-123. Procedendo on dismissal. Upon dismissal of an appeal, the clerk of the appellate court shall at once issue a procedendo to the municipal court from the judgment on which appeal was taken, to the amount of the judgment and all costs incurred before the municipal court.
C.R.S. § 13-94-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 94 / Section 13-94-109
13-94-109. No entitlement created
Status: in_force

13-94-109. No entitlement created. Public guardianship services are dependent upon the availability of funding, and nothing in this article 94 creates an entitlement.
C.R.S. § 13-64-205 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-205
13-64-205. Determination of judgment to be entered
Status: in_force

13-64-205. Determination of judgment to be entered. (1) In order to determine what judgment is to be entered on a verdict requiring findings of special damages under this part 2, the court shall proceed as follows:

(a) The court shall apply to the findings of past and future damages any applicable rules of law, including setoffs, credits, comparative fault, additurs, and remittiturs in calculating the respective amounts of past and future damages each claimant is entitled to recover and each party is obligated to pay. The court shall preserve the rights of any subrogee to be paid in a lump sum.

(b) The court shall specify the payment of attorney fees and litigation expenses in a manner separate from the periodic installments payable to the claimant, either in a lump sum or by periodic installments, pursuant to any agreement entered into between the claimant or beneficiary and his attorney, computed in accordance with the applicable principles of law.

(c) The court shall enter judgment in a lump sum for past damages and for any damages payable in lump sum or otherwise under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection (1).

(d) After hearing relevant expert testimony, the jury shall determine the present value of future damages and, except as provided in paragraphs (e) and (f) of this subsection (1), the court shall enter judgment for the periodic payment of future damages. The court, in considering evidence of the need for one or more future major medical proceedings or services, may enter judgment for lump-sum payment therefor, payable either immediately or at some designated date or dates in the future.

(e) Upon petition of a party before entry of judgment and a finding of incapacity to fund the periodic payments, the court, at the election of the claimant or at the election of the beneficiaries in an action for wrongful death, shall enter a judgment for the present value of the periodic payments.

(f) The plaintiff who meets the criteria set forth in this subsection (1) may elect to receive the immediate payment to the plaintiff of the present value of the future damage award in a lump-sum amount in lieu of periodic payments. In order to exercise this right, the plaintiff must either:

(I) (A) Have reached his or her eighteenth birthday by the time the periodic payment order is entered;

(B) Not be an incapacitated person, as defined in section 15-14-102 (5), C.R.S.; and

(C) Have been provided financial counseling and must be making an informed decision; or

(II) Be a person under disability who has a legal representative authorized to take action on his or her behalf, as described in section 13-81-102.

(2) For purposes of paragraph (f) of subsection (1) of this section, "legal representative", "person under disability", and "take action" shall have the same meanings as provided in section 13-81-101.
C.R.S. § 13-14.5-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14.5 / Section 13-14.5-105
13-14.5-105. Hearings on petition - grounds for order issuance
Status: in_force

13-14.5-105. Hearings on petition - grounds for order issuance. (1) (a) Upon filing of the petition, the court shall order a hearing to be held and provide a notice of hearing to the respondent. The court must provide the notice of the hearing no later than one court day after the date of the extreme risk protection order petition. The court may schedule a hearing by telephone pursuant to local court rule to reasonably accommodate a disability or, in exceptional circumstances, to protect a petitioner from potential harm. The court shall require assurances of the petitioner's identity before conducting a telephonic hearing.

(b) Before the next court day, the court clerk shall forward a copy of the notice of hearing and petition to the law enforcement agency in the jurisdiction where the respondent resides for service upon the respondent.

(c) A copy of the notice of hearing and petition must be served upon the respondent in accordance with the rules for service of process as provided in rule 4 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure or rule 304 of the Colorado rules of county court civil procedure. Service issued pursuant to this section takes precedence over the service of other documents, unless the other documents are of a similar emergency nature.

(d) The court may, as provided in section 13-14.5-103, issue a temporary extreme risk protection order pending the hearing ordered pursuant to subsection (1)(a) of this section. The temporary extreme risk protection order must be served concurrently with the notice of hearing and petition.

(2) Upon hearing the matter, if the court finds by clear and convincing evidence, based on the evidence presented pursuant to subsection (3) of this section, that the respondent poses a significant risk of causing personal injury to self or others by having in the respondent's custody or control a firearm or by purchasing, possessing, or receiving a firearm, the court shall issue an extreme risk protection order for a period of three hundred sixty-four days.

(3) In determining whether grounds for an extreme risk protection order exist, the court may consider any relevant evidence, including but not limited to any of the following:

(a) A recent act or credible threat of violence by the respondent against self or others, whether or not such violence or credible threat of violence involves a firearm;

(b) A pattern of acts or credible threats of violence by the respondent within the past year, including but not limited to acts or credible threats of violence by the respondent against self or others;

(c) A violation by the respondent of a civil protection order issued pursuant to article 14 of this title 13;

(d) A previous or existing extreme risk protection order issued against the respondent and a violation of a previous or existing extreme risk protection order;

(e) A conviction of the respondent for a crime that included an underlying factual basis of domestic violence as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1);

(f) The respondent's ownership, access to, or intent to possess a firearm;

(g) A credible threat of or the unlawful or reckless use of a firearm by the respondent;

(h) The history of use, attempted use, or threatened use of unlawful physical force by the respondent against another person, or the respondent's history of stalking another person, as described in section 18-3-602;

(i) Any prior arrest of the respondent for a crime listed in section 24-4.1-302 (1) or section 18-9-202;

(j) Evidence of the respondent's abuse of controlled substances or alcohol;

(k) Whether the respondent is required to possess, carry, or use a firearm as a condition of the respondent's current employment; and

(l) Evidence of recent acquisition of a firearm or ammunition by the respondent.

(4) The court may:

(a) Examine under oath the petitioner, the respondent, and any witnesses they may produce, or, in lieu of examination, consider sworn affidavits of the petitioner, the respondent, and any witnesses they may produce; and

(b) Request that the Colorado bureau of investigation conduct a criminal history record check related to the respondent and provide the results to the court under seal.

(5) The court shall allow the petitioner and respondent to present evidence and cross-examine witnesses and be represented by an attorney at the hearing.

(6) In a hearing pursuant to this article 14.5, the rules of evidence apply to the same extent as in a civil protection order proceeding pursuant to article 14 of this title 13.

(7) During the hearing, the court shall consider any available mental health evaluation or chemical dependency evaluation provided to the court.

(8) (a) Before issuing an extreme risk protection order, the court shall consider whether the respondent meets the standard for a court-ordered evaluation for persons with mental health disorders pursuant to section 27-65-106. If the court determines that the respondent meets the standard, then, in addition to issuing an extreme risk protection order, the court shall order mental health treatment and evaluation authorized pursuant to section 27-65-106 (4)(d).

(b) Before issuing an extreme risk protection order, the court shall consider whether the respondent meets the standard for an emergency commitment pursuant to section 27-81-111. If the court determines that the respondent meets the standard, then, in addition to issuing an extreme risk protection order, the court shall order an emergency commitment pursuant to section 27-81-111.

(9) An extreme risk protection order must include:

(a) A statement of the grounds supporting the issuance of the order;

(b) The date and time the order was issued;

(c) The date and time the order expires;

(d) The address of the court in which any responsive pleading should be filed;

(e) The requirements for relinquishment of a firearm and concealed carry permit pursuant to section 13-14.5-108; and

(f) The following statement:

To the subject of this extreme risk protection order: This order will last until the date and time noted above. If you have not done so already, you must immediately surrender any firearms in your custody, control, or possession and any concealed carry permit issued to you. You may not have in your custody or control a firearm or purchase, possess, receive, or attempt to purchase or receive a firearm while this order is in effect. You have the right to request one hearing to terminate this order during the period that this order is in effect, starting from the date of this order and continuing through any renewals. You may seek the advice of an attorney as to any matter connected with this order.

(10) When the court issues an extreme risk protection order, the court shall inform the respondent that the respondent is entitled to request termination of the order in the manner prescribed by section 13-14.5-107. The court shall provide the respondent with a form to request a termination hearing.

(11) (a) If the court issues an extreme risk protection order, the court shall state the particular reasons for the court's issuance.

(b) If the court denies the issuance of an extreme risk protection order, the court shall state the particular reasons for the court's denial.

(12) If the court denies the issuance of an extreme risk protection order but ordered a temporary extreme risk protection order and a law enforcement agency took custody of the respondent's concealed carry permit or the respondent surrendered the respondent's concealed carry permit as a result of the temporary extreme risk protection order, the sheriff who issued the concealed carry permit shall reissue the concealed carry permit to the respondent within three days, at no charge to the respondent.

(13) If the court issues an extreme risk protection order and the petitioner is a law enforcement officer or agency or community member, the petitioner shall make a good-faith effort to provide notice of the order to a family or household member of the respondent and to any known third party who may be at direct risk of violence. The notice must include referrals to appropriate resources, including domestic violence, behavioral health, and counseling resources.
C.R.S. § 13-1-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-117
13-1-117. Juridical days
Status: in_force

13-1-117. Juridical days. The courts of justice may be held and judicial business may be transacted on any day except as provided in section 13-1-118.
C.R.S. § 13-71-126 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-126
13-71-126. Compensation of employed jurors during first three days of service
Status: in_force

13-71-126. Compensation of employed jurors during first three days of service. All regularly employed trial or grand jurors shall be paid regular wages, but not to exceed fifty dollars per day unless by mutual agreement between the employee and employer, by their employers for the first three days of juror service or any part thereof. Regular employment shall include part-time, temporary, and casual employment if the employment hours may be determined by a schedule, custom, or practice established during the three-month period preceding the juror's term of service.
C.R.S. § 13-3-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-120
13-3-120. Office of the judicial discipline ombudsman established - judicial discipline ad
Status: in_force

13-3-120. Office of the judicial discipline ombudsman established - judicial discipline advisory board - qualifications of ombudsman - powers and duties - confidentiality - rules - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Board" means the judicial discipline ombudsman selection board, established in subsection (6) of this section.

(b) "Commission" means the commission on judicial discipline created in section 13-5.3-102.

(c) "Complainant" means current and former employees of the judicial department, judges, judicial department staff, and persons who work with judicial employees and staff, and includes, but is not limited to, bailiffs, litigating attorneys, interns, and volunteers.

(d) "Department" means the judicial department established in this article 3.

(e) "Office of the ombudsman" means the office of the judicial discipline ombudsman, created in subsection (2) of this section.

(f) "Ombudsman" means the person who serves as both the judicial discipline ombudsman and the director of the office of the ombudsman.

(2) The independent office of the judicial discipline ombudsman is established in the judicial department as an independent agency for the purpose of ensuring the greatest protections for a complainant. The purpose of the office of the ombudsman is to act as an independent, confidential, informal, impartial, neutral, and nonpartisan office that responds to questions or concerns from a complainant about misconduct that occurs within the department, to support a complainant in filing formal and informal complaints and grievances against members of the department, and to analyze data from the office of the ombudsman in order to report complaint and grievance trends, systemic problems, and organizational issues to the commission, the department, and the general assembly. The office of the ombudsman shall help a complainant understand how to safely navigate the complaint process. The ombudsman shall consider the standards of practice and code of ethics established by the International Ombuds Association for an organizational ombudsman, to the extent practicable. The ombudsman shall not be adversarial to the department or the commission. The ombudsman shall not request records from the department or the commission related to specific employees, judges, or justices, except at the discretion of the complainant.

(3) The office of the ombudsman and the department shall operate pursuant to a memorandum of understanding between the two entities to further the purposes of this section. The memorandum of understanding must contain, at a minimum:

(a) A requirement that the office of the ombudsman have its own personnel rules;

(b) A requirement that the ombudsman have independent hiring and termination authority over office of the ombudsman employees;

(c) A requirement that the office of the ombudsman follow judicial fiscal rules;

(d) A requirement that the department offer the office of the ombudsman limited support with respect to:

(I) Personnel matters;

(II) Recruitment;

(III) Payroll;

(IV) Benefits;

(V) Budget submissions, as needed; and

(VI) Accounting; and

(e) Any other provisions regarding administrative support that will help maintain the independence of the office of the ombudsman.

(4) The office of the ombudsman shall maintain office space that is not physically located in any building that is maintained by the judicial department.

(5) The office of the ombudsman and the board established in subsection (6) of this section shall operate with autonomy, control, and authority over operations, budget, and personnel decisions related to the office of the ombudsman, board, and ombudsman.

(6) (a) There is established an independent, nonpartisan judicial discipline ombudsman selection board. The board consists of five members and must include lawyers, and people with a professional background in human resources or personnel management, financial management, or experience with employee harassment or discrimination cases or as a victims' rights advocate, and professional ombudsman experience. To the extent practicable, the board should be made up of persons from different judicial districts, persons with disabilities, and persons with experience in culturally relevant practices, and reflect the geographic, ethnic, and gender diversity of the state.

(b) Board members must be appointed on or before January 1, 2024, as follows:

(I) The governor shall appoint one individual who is either a retired Colorado judge in good standing or a former Colorado judge in good standing;

(II) The president of the Colorado senate and the minority leader of the Colorado senate shall each appoint one member with experience listed in subsections (6)(c) and (6)(d) of this section; and

(III) The speaker of the Colorado house of representatives and the minority leader of the Colorado house of representatives shall each appoint one member with experience listed in subsections (6)(c) and (6)(d) of this section.

(c) Board members must have experience in at least one of the following:

(I) Personnel management;

(II) Human resources;

(III) Financial management;

(IV) Experience as a professional ombudsman;

(V) Experience with employee harassment or discrimination as an employment law attorney; or

(VI) Experience as a victims' rights advocate.

(d) In appointing board members pursuant to subsections (6)(b)(II) and (6)(b)(III) of this section, at least one appointee from the Colorado house of representatives and one appointee from the Colorado senate must be licensed Colorado attorneys in good standing.

(e) Board members serve terms of four years; except that initial terms must be staggered so that no more than three members' terms expire in the same year. Three of the initial appointments will have four-year terms, and two initial appointments will have two-year terms. The appointing authority shall designate the initial terms. The appointing official shall fill any vacancies on the board for the remainder of any unexpired term.

(f) The board shall meet a minimum of two times per year and additionally as needed.

(g) Board members serve without compensation but may be reimbursed for actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.

(h) Board members may be reappointed to serve one additional term.

(7) Expenses incurred for the board must be paid from the general operating budget of the office of the ombudsman.

(8) The board has the following duties and responsibilities:

(a) To oversee the following personnel decisions related to the ombudsman:

(I) On or before March 1, 2024, and as necessary thereafter, appointing a person to serve as the ombudsman. The ombudsman appointed by the board on or before March 1, 2024, shall assume the ombudsman's position on the effective date of the memorandum of understanding between the department and the office of the ombudsman. The board may discharge an ombudsman for cause. A two-thirds majority vote of the board is required to hire or discharge the ombudsman. The general assembly shall set the ombudsman's compensation, and the compensation must not be reduced during the term of the ombudsman's appointment.

(II) Filling a vacancy in the ombudsman position;

(III) Evaluating the ombudsman's performance as necessary based on feedback received from complainants about the ombudsman; and

(IV) Developing a complaint process related to the ombudsman's performance;

(b) To oversee and advise the ombudsman on the strategic direction of the office of the ombudsman and its mission and to help promote the use of, engagement with, and access to the office of the ombudsman;

(c) To work cooperatively with the ombudsman to provide fiscal oversight of the general operating budget of the office of the ombudsman and ensure that the office of the ombudsman operates in compliance with the provisions of this section, the memorandum of understanding, and state and federal laws;

(d) To promote the mission of the office of the ombudsman to the public; and

(e) To provide assistance, as practicable and as requested by the ombudsman, to facilitate the statutory intent of this section.

(9) Meetings of the board are subject to the provisions of section 24-6-402, except for executive personnel actions or meetings that require the protection of confidentiality and compliance with state privacy laws.

(10) The ombudsman has the following duties and functions:

(a) Create and maintain an anonymous reporting system and hotline for complainants to submit complaints. The reporting system must be equipped to retain and collect aggregated and disaggregated data regarding the reported complaints that includes the following:

(I) The number of allegations of judicial misconduct received, regardless of form;

(II) The types of judicial misconduct complaints received by the office of the ombudsman and to what entity the complaint was forwarded, if applicable; and

(III) The demographics, including the gender, age, race, ethnicity, or disability, of judges who are the subject of the complaint and those directly affected by the claimed judicial misconduct.

(b) Help a complainant understand the complainant's rights and options in reporting and filing a complaint with the commission and any other appropriate authority. This assistance must:

(I) Include an explanation of the judicial discipline process, including the steps in the process, the availability of confidential reporting, and confidentiality requirements during each step of the process; and

(II) Be available throughout the entire complaint process, if requested by the complainant.

(c) Provide the complainant with referrals to physical and mental health-care resources, community-based advocacy services, pro bono or low-cost legal assistance or representation, or any other resource, as necessary or requested;

(d) Receive complaints from complainants, and facilitate communication with a complainant and the appropriate party. This subsection (10)(d) does not prevent the commission from also receiving complaints.

(e) Facilitate submission of complaints to the appropriate entity or party, only at the discretion and consent of the complainant;

(f) Gather and evaluate data received by the office of the ombudsman through the reporting system and hotline, created in subsection (10)(a) of this section, to provide insights into work environment trends of the judicial department on an annual basis. To the extent possible, data must be disaggregated by gender, ethnicity, and judicial district while maintaining the confidentiality of those involved in the complaint. Findings from the data must be reported to the department, commission, and general assembly as part of the judicial department's "SMART Act" presentation required by section 2-7-203. The data must be presented in a manner that protects the confidentiality of everyone involved. The report outlined in this subsection (10)(f) shall not include personal identifying information, including gender, race, or ethnicity data, if that could potentially identify the complainant, the subject of the complaint, or any other people involved in the complaint. During the first two years of operation of the office of the ombudsman, the report must include information and feedback from the office of the ombudsman on the efficacy of the office of the ombudsman and provide recommendations for improvements or adjustments. The report must be made public on the office of the ombudsman's website.

(g) Serve in an advisory capacity to the commission and the department on rule-making and provide insights and recommendations to the commission and department on changes to their respective rules and human resource policies. This information must be made public on the office of the ombudsman's website.

(h) Comply with all confidentiality provisions set by the commission;

(i) Ensure accountability and consistency in the operating policies and procedures of the office of the ombudsman, including reasonable rules related to the administration of the provisions of this section and any other standards of conduct and reporting requirements as provided by law; and

(j) Serve as a liaison for communications between a complainant and the commission or the department and, if requested by the complainant, ensure the complainant's anonymity.

(11) The ombudsman has discretion over whether or how to engage regarding individual, group, or systematic concerns and may bring a concern to the attention of appropriate individuals as the ombudsman deems appropriate.

(12) The ombudsman shall be available to a complainant to discuss complaints related to the conduct of any judicial personnel.

(13) To be appointed as the ombudsman, a person must possess the following qualities and qualifications:

(a) Prior experience serving as an ombudsman or in an ombudsman capacity;

(b) A deep understanding of and expertise in organizational culture and diversity, equity, and inclusion;

(c) At least two years of professional experience working with human resources;

(d) At least two years of victim advocacy experience or completion of substantial victim advocacy training; and

(e) The ability to act in a nonpartisan manner.

(14) All conversations and information disclosed to the ombudsman by a complainant are confidential, unless the complainant gives the ombudsman permission to disclose the information to a third party. If the complainant has not consented to disclosure, the ombudsman shall forgo confidentiality when the disclosure involves an imminent threat of bodily harm to the complainant or another person. Information is not discoverable if received during and within the scope of the ombudsman's duties and responsibilities. The ombudsman is exempt from mandatory reporting rules, statutes, including section 13-5.3-106, or as permitted by subsection (11) of this section, and policies and shall not report an incident made known to the ombudsman by a complainant unless the complainant provides consent.

(15) Records related to complaints received by the office of the ombudsman, and all other communications between the ombudsman and a complainant, are not subject to public disclosure as required by article 72 of title 24, and are not subject to the judicial department's rules regarding public record disclosure.

(16) The office of the ombudsman is authorized to promulgate rules necessary to implement the requirements of this section and to ensure confidentiality of the disclosures made to the office of the ombudsman by complainants.

(17) In the performance of the ombudsman's duties, the ombudsman shall act independently of the department and commission. Any recommendations made or positions taken by the ombudsman or the office of the ombudsman do not reflect those of the department or the commission.
C.R.S. § 13-6-204 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 2 / Section 13-6-204
13-6-204. Activities of judges
Status: in_force

13-6-204. Activities of judges. (1) In counties of Class A and B, county judges shall devote their full time to judicial duties and shall not engage in the private practice of law. They may also serve as municipal judges in counties of Class A but may not do so in counties of Class B.

(2) In counties of Class C and D, county judges, if admitted to the bar, may engage in the private practice of law in courts other than the county court and in matters which have not and will not come before the county court and may serve as municipal judges.

(3) County judges of any class county may be appointed as magistrates in juvenile matters and as magistrates for the district court in mental health matters and shall receive no additional compensation for such service. County judges may accept appointment as magistrates in any other matter, and for such service a county judge is entitled to such compensation as the appointing district judge may allow, payable from funds provided under sections 13-3-104 and 13-3-106.
C.R.S. § 13-40-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-105
13-40-105. Crops of possessor
Status: in_force

13-40-105. Crops of possessor. In all cases arising under section 13-40-104 (1)(c) to (1)(i), the person in possession is entitled to cultivate and gather the crops, if any, planted or sown by him previous to the service of the demand to deliver up possession, and then grown or growing on the premises, and shall have the right to enter such premises for the purpose of cultivating or removing such crops, first paying or tendering to the party entitled to the possession of said premises a reasonable compensation for the use of the land before removing such crops.
C.R.S. § 13-20-401 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 4 / Section 13-20-401
13-20-401. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-20-401. Definitions. As used in this part 4, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Electroconvulsive treatment" means electroshock therapy, shock treatment, shock therapy, ECT, or EST and is the passage of electrical current through a patient's head in a voltage sufficient to induce a seizure.

(2) "Patient" means the person upon whom a proposed electroconvulsive treatment is to be performed; except that nothing in this part 4 supersedes the provisions of article 65 of title 27 or any rule adopted by the behavioral health administration in the department of human services pursuant to section 27-65-118 (2) with regard to the care and treatment of any person unable to exercise written informed consent or of a person with a mental health disorder.

(3) "Physician" means a person licensed to practice medicine or osteopathy.

(4) "Sufficient information relating to the proposed electroconvulsive treatment" means information provided to the patient including, but not limited to, the following:

(a) The reason for such treatment;

(b) The nature of the procedures to be used in such treatment, including its probable frequency and duration;

(c) The probable degree and duration of improvement or remission expected with or without such treatment;

(d) The nature, degree, duration, and probability of the side effects and significant risks of such treatment commonly known by the medical profession, especially noting the possible degree and duration of memory loss, the possibility of permanent irrevocable memory loss, and the remote possibility of death;

(e) The reasonable alternative treatments and why the physician is recommending electroconvulsive treatment;

(f) That the patient has the right to refuse or accept the proposed treatment and has the right to revoke his consent for any reason at any time, either orally or in writing;

(g) That there is a difference of opinion within the medical profession on the use of electroconvulsive treatment.

(5) "Written informed consent" means consent to the proposed electroconvulsive treatment which a person knowingly and intelligently, without duress of any sort, clearly and explicitly manifests to the treating physician in writing and which is otherwise given in compliance with the provisions of this part 4.
C.R.S. § 13-64-303 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 3 / Section 13-64-303
13-64-303. Judgments and settlements - reported - penalties
Status: in_force

13-64-303. Judgments and settlements - reported - penalties. Any final judgment, settlement, or arbitration award against any health-care professional or health-care institution for medical malpractice shall be reported within fourteen days by the professional's or institution's medical malpractice insurance carrier in accordance with section 10-1-120, 10-1-120.5, 10-1-121, 10-1-124, 10-1-125, 10-1-125.3, or 10-1-125.7, or by the professional or institution if there is no commercial medical malpractice insurance coverage to the licensing agency of the health-care professional or health-care institution for review, investigation, and, where appropriate, disciplinary or other action. Any health-care professional, health-care institution, or insurance carrier that knowingly fails to report as required by this section shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars. Such penalty shall be determined and collected by the district court in the city and county of Denver. All penalties collected pursuant to this section shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the general fund.
C.R.S. § 13-22-216 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-216
13-22-216. Representation by attorney
Status: in_force

13-22-216. Representation by attorney. A party to an arbitration proceeding may be represented by an attorney.
C.R.S. § 13-90-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-111
13-90-111. Power of court to enforce attendance
Status: repealed

13-90-111. Power of court to enforce attendance. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-95-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 95 / Section 13-95-107
13-95-107. Bridges program participant services funding
Status: in_force

13-95-107. Bridges program participant services funding. (1) Subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly, the office may expend appropriated program money to provide, or contract for the provision of, behavioral health services, basic necessities, transitional housing, and other services to support the social determinants of health for participants.

(2) Requests for money must be submitted through the appointed bridges court liaison or other employee or designee of the office.

(3) The office shall make payments to the entity providing services to participants and shall not make payments directly to a participant.
C.R.S. § 13-16-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-116
13-16-116. Costs in adverse suit
Status: in_force

13-16-116. Costs in adverse suit. In all cases where any person makes an application for a patent to any lode, claim, placer claim, millsite, or other mining property under the mining laws of the United States, and any other person claiming adversely to such applicant files an adverse claim in the proper land office or brings a suit for the purpose of determining the title, or right of possession, to such mining property, or any part thereof, if such adverse claimant, being plaintiff in such suit, prevails, so as to recover costs therein, he shall also recover and be entitled to tax as a part of his said costs all disbursements and expense necessarily incurred and paid by him for plats, abstracts, and copies of papers filed in said land office with his adverse claim, and also a reasonable counsel fee, not exceeding fifty dollars in any case, for the expense of preparing his said adverse claim.
C.R.S. § 13-71-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-110
13-71-110. Juror selection and summoning
Status: in_force

13-71-110. Juror selection and summoning. A jury commissioner shall specify the number of trial jurors needed for each day's juror pool or for selection of a grand jury within that commissioner's county. The state court administrator shall then randomly select the specified number of jurors required from the master juror wheel and shall issue a summons to each selected prospective juror, either personally or by mail addressed to the usual residence or post-office address of the prospective juror.
C.R.S. § 13-51-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-111
13-51-111. Review
Status: in_force

13-51-111. Review. All orders, judgments, and decrees under this article may be reviewed as other orders, judgments, and decrees.
C.R.S. § 13-1-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-107
13-1-107. Costs of replacement
Status: in_force

13-1-107. Costs of replacement. The person making the application for the restoration of records shall pay all the costs thereof.
C.R.S. § 13-5-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-101
13-5-101. Judicial districts and terms
Status: in_force

13-5-101. Judicial districts and terms. The state is divided into twenty-three judicial districts as prescribed by this part 1. Terms of court shall be fixed by rules adopted by the district court in each district; except that at least one term of court shall be held each calendar year in each county within the district, at the county seat of such county.
C.R.S. § 13-61-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 61 / Section 13-61-105
13-61-105. Order of court
Status: in_force

13-61-105. Order of court. Such officer shall abide by the order of the court with regard to paying into court any amount ordered, not, however, in excess of the salary, wages, earnings, or money due such officer, employee, or other person whose salary, wages, or money due him is sought to be held to the time of the service of such garnishee summons.
C.R.S. § 13-24-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-121
13-24-121. Uniformity of application and construction
Status: in_force

13-24-121. Uniformity of application and construction. In applying and construing this uniform act, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1406 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 14 / Section 13-21-1406
13-21-1406. Remedies
Status: in_force

13-21-1406. Remedies. (1) In an action under this part 14, a prevailing plaintiff may recover:

(a) The greater of:

(I) Economic and noneconomic damages proximately caused by the defendant's disclosures or threatened disclosures, including damages for emotional distress whether or not accompanied by other damages; or

(II) (A) Statutory damages not to exceed ten thousand dollars against each defendant found liable under this part 14 for all disclosures and threatened disclosures by the defendant of which the plaintiff knew or reasonably should have known when filing the action or which became known during the pendency of the action.

(B) In determining the amount of statutory damages under this subsection (1)(a)(II), consideration must be given to the age of the parties at the time of the disclosure or threatened disclosure, the number of disclosures or threatened disclosures made by the defendant, the breadth of distribution of the image by the defendant, and other exacerbating or mitigating factors.

(b) An amount equal to any monetary gain made by the defendant from disclosure of the intimate image; and

(c) Punitive damages as allowed under the law of this state other than this part 14.

(2) In an action under this part 14, the court may award a prevailing plaintiff:

(a) Reasonable attorney fees and costs; and

(b) Additional relief, including injunctive relief.

(3) This part 14 does not affect a right or remedy available under state law other than this part 14.
C.R.S. § 13-71-137 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-137
13-71-137. Duties and responsibilities of auxiliary services providers for jurors who are d
Status: in_force

13-71-137. Duties and responsibilities of auxiliary services providers for jurors who are deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind. The court may provide, through the list of available resources coordinated through the Colorado commission for the deaf, hard of hearing, and deafblind pursuant to section 26-21-106 (4), a qualified auxiliary services provider, as defined in section 13-90-202 (8), to assist during a trial a juror who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind. In the presence of the jury, the court shall instruct the qualified auxiliary services provider to make true and complete translations of all court proceedings to the juror who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind to the best of the qualified auxiliary services provider's ability. The qualified interpreter is subject to the same orders and admonitions given to the jurors. The court shall permit a qualified auxiliary services provider to be present and assist a juror who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind during the deliberations of the jury. In the presence of the jury, the court shall instruct the qualified auxiliary services provider to refrain from participating in any manner in the deliberation of the jury and to refrain from having any communications with any member of the jury regarding deliberation, except for true and complete translations of jurors' remarks made during deliberation. A jury verdict reached in the presence of a qualified auxiliary services provider, during deliberation, is valid.
C.R.S. § 13-95-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 95 / Section 13-95-106
13-95-106. Bridges court liaisons - bridges wraparound care coordinators - duties and respo
Status: in_force

13-95-106. Bridges court liaisons - bridges wraparound care coordinators - duties and responsibilities. (1) A bridges court liaison hired or contracted pursuant to this article 95 has the following duties and responsibilities:

(a) Conducting intake, screening, and assessment, with participants, for behavioral health history and needs and social determinants of health needs;

(b) Determining appropriate referral and treatment options, when necessary, and making direct connections to, and supporting engagement with, services for participants, including other criminal or juvenile justice diversion programs for individuals with behavioral health challenges, which may include alternatives to competency services, prosecution, and custody or confinement; if a participant is convicted, alternatives to sentences to confinement while promoting public safety; and other diversion-oriented programs, including problem-solving courts, competency dockets, treatment, sober or supportive housing, and peer mentor programs;

(c) Using the competency information from the statewide court data system, as updated pursuant to section 13-3-101 (17), to identify individuals who have not been appointed a bridges court liaison but for whom an appointment to the bridges court liaison program may be beneficial. If an individual is identified for whom services may be appropriate, the bridges court liaison may recommend to the judicial officer, defense attorney, and district attorney working on the case that a bridges court liaison be appointed for the individual.

(d) Addressing system gaps and barriers and promoting positive outcomes for participants in cases to which the bridges court liaison is assigned;

(e) Keeping judges; district attorneys or county attorneys, as applicable; and defense attorneys informed about available community-based behavioral health services for the participant in a case, and, if applicable, case planning for possible release from custody for a participant who has been ordered to undergo a competency evaluation or receive competency restoration services pursuant to article 8.5 of title 16 and article 2.5 of title 19.

(f) Facilitating communication and collaboration between behavioral health systems and criminal justice entities;

(g) Providing information to criminal and juvenile justice personnel regarding behavioral health and community treatment options and bridges court liaison program best practices;

(h) Coordinating with service providers, including the office within a state department responsible for assisting civil and forensic mental health patients and jail-based behavioral health providers, to ensure continuity of care and service delivery in a manner that avoids duplication and bifurcation of services; and

(i) Following the policies, procedures, best practices, and guidance of the bridges court liaison program, as established by the office and commission.

(2) A bridges wraparound care coordinator hired or contracted pursuant to section 13-95-105 (2) has the duties and responsibilities described in section 16-8.6-106.

(3) A bridges court liaison hired or contracted pursuant to this article 95 and a bridges wraparound care coordinator hired or contracted pursuant to section 13-95-105 (2) shall:

(a) Keep judges, district attorneys, county attorneys, and defense attorneys informed about available community-based behavioral health services, including services for defendants who have been ordered to undergo a competency evaluation or receive competency restoration services pursuant to article 8.5 of title 16 and article 2.5 of title 19;

(b) Make efforts to connect participants to, and support engagement with, behavioral health services and services for social determinants of health and to promote positive outcomes for individuals living with behavioral health challenges, including:

(I) Mental health treatment and care;

(II) Treatment and care for mental disabilities;

(III) Substance use disorder intervention and recovery services;

(IV) Housing, including supportive housing;

(V) Transportation;

(VI) Basic needs assistance;

(VII) Employment assistance, if applicable; and

(VIII) Health insurance coverage, including medicare or medicaid eligibility and enrollment; and

(c) Make efforts to collaborate with service providers, including the office within a state department responsible for assisting civil and forensic mental health patients and jail-based behavioral health providers, to ensure continuity of care and service delivery in a manner that avoids duplication and bifurcation of services.

(4) If a court appoints a bridges court liaison or a bridges wraparound care coordinator for an individual, the statewide court data system must include a record of the appointment and actions related to the appointment on the individual's case records.

(5) A bridges court liaison or a bridges wraparound care coordinator appointed in a case is a resource for the court and the parties to the case. A bridges court liaison and a bridges wraparound care coordinator are not independent parties in a case, and a bridges court liaison shall not serve in a role intended to monitor compliance with a court order by a party or other individual associated with a case.

(6) The office may continue to serve a participant with a bridges court liaison or a bridges wraparound care coordinator for up to ninety days after final disposition of the case for which the bridges court liaison or bridges wraparound care coordinator was appointed.
C.R.S. § 13-2-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-101
13-2-101. Terms of supreme court
Status: in_force

13-2-101. Terms of supreme court. In each year there shall be three terms of the supreme court: One beginning on the second Monday in September, another beginning on the second Monday in January, and another beginning on the second Monday in April.
C.R.S. § 13-2-122 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-122
13-2-122. Supreme court and court of appeals opinions published
Status: in_force

13-2-122. Supreme court and court of appeals opinions published. (1) The opinions of the supreme court of the state of Colorado and of the court of appeals must be published in volumes of the size, as nearly as may be, as present volumes of the Colorado reports, and containing not less than six hundred fifty pages each.

(2) (a) In addition to the publishing required pursuant to subsection (1) of this section, and except for unpublished opinions described in subsection (2)(b) of this section, on or before March 1, 2024, but no earlier than July 1, 2023, the judicial department shall publish online, in a searchable format, and make available free of charge, every opinion of the supreme court of the state of Colorado and of the court of appeals. The judicial department and the general assembly shall each include a link to the opinions web page in a conspicuous place on their websites.

(b) An opinion of the supreme court of the state of Colorado not published pursuant to subsection (1) of this section and any court of appeals opinion not designated for official publication pursuant to the Colorado appellate rules is not required to be published online pursuant to this subsection (2).
C.R.S. § 13-25-125.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-125.5
13-25-125.5. Libel and slander - self-publication
Status: in_force

13-25-125.5. Libel and slander - self-publication. No action for libel or slander may be brought or maintained unless the party charged with such defamation has published, either orally or in writing, the defamatory statement to a person other than the person making the allegation of libel or slander. Self-publication, either orally or in writing, of the defamatory statement to a third person by the person making such allegation shall not give rise to a claim for libel or slander against the person who originally communicated the defamatory statement.
C.R.S. § 13-45-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-111
13-45-111. Removal of prisoners - causes
Status: in_force

13-45-111. Removal of prisoners - causes. Any person committed to any prison or in the custody of any officer, sheriff, jailer, keeper, or other person, or his underofficer or deputy, for any criminal or supposed criminal matter shall not be removed from the prison or custody into any other prison or custody, unless it is by habeas corpus or some other legal writ; or where the prisoner is delivered to some common jail; or is removed from one place to another within the county, in order to effect his discharge or trial in due course of law; or in case of sudden fire, infection, or other necessity; or where the sheriff commits such prisoner to the jail of an adjoining county for the want of a sufficient jail in his own county, as provided in section 17-26-119, C.R.S.; or where the prisoner, in pursuance of a law of the United States, is claimed or demanded by the executive of the United States or territories. If any person, after such commitment, makes out, signs, or countersigns any warrant for such removal except as before excepted, then he shall forfeit to the prisoner or aggrieved party a sum not exceeding three hundred dollars to be recovered by the prisoner or party aggrieved in the manner provided in section 13-45-117.