C.R.S. § 13-40-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-116
13-40-116. Dismissal
Status: in_force

13-40-116. Dismissal. If the plaintiff's action brought for any of the causes mentioned in this article, upon the trial thereon, is dismissed or the action fails to prove the plaintiff's right to the possession of the premises described in the complaint, the defendant shall have judgment and execution for his costs.
C.R.S. § 13-6-414 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-414
13-6-414. No jury trial
Status: in_force

13-6-414. No jury trial. There shall be no right to a trial by jury in the small claims court.
C.R.S. § 13-54.5-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54.5 / Section 13-54.5-105
13-54.5-105. Notice to judgment debtor in continuing garnishment
Status: in_force

13-54.5-105. Notice to judgment debtor in continuing garnishment. (1) In the case of a continuing garnishment, the writ of garnishment must be served on the garnishee in accordance with rule 4 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure.

(2) The writ of garnishment pursuant to subsection (1) of this section must include:

(a) The name of the judgment debtor;

(b) The last-known physical and mailing addresses of the judgment debtor or a statement that the information is not known;

(c) The amount of the judgment upon which the judgment creditor bases the continuing garnishment;

(d) Information sufficient to identify the judgment on which the continuing garnishment is based;

(e) A completed notice that satisfies subsection (3) of this section and that may be incorporated into and made a part of the writ of garnishment; and

(f) A notice of Colorado rules about garnishment that satisfies subsection (4) of this section and that is incorporated into and made a part of the notice required by subsection (2)(e) of this section.

(3) The notice required by subsection (2)(e) of this section must be in substantially the following form and conspicuously labeled:

Notice of Garnishment

Money will be taken from your pay if you fail to act.

1. Why am I getting this notice?

You are getting this notice because a court has ruled that you owe the judgment creditor, who is called "Creditor" in this notice, money. Creditor has started a legal process called a "garnishment". The process requires that money be taken from your pay and given to Creditor to pay what you owe. The person who pays you does not keep the money.

Creditor filled out this form. The law requires the person who pays you to give you this notice. Creditor may not be the person or company to which you originally owed money. You may request that Creditor provide the name and address of the person or company to which you originally owed money. If you want this information, you must write Creditor or Creditor's lawyer at the address at the very beginning of this form. You must do this within 14 days after receiving this notice. Creditor will send you this information at the address you give Creditor. Creditor must send you this information within 7 days after receiving your request. Knowing the name of the original creditor might help you understand why the money will be taken from your pay.

2. How much do I owe?

The amount the court has ruled that you currently owe is listed at the top of the writ of garnishment. The amount could go up if there are more court costs or additional interest. The interest rate on the amount you owe is listed at the top of the writ of garnishment. The amount could also go down if you make payments to Creditor.

3. How will the amount I owe be paid?

The person who pays you will start taking money from your paycheck on the first payday that is at least 14 days after the day the person who pays you sends you this notice. Money will continue to be taken from your pay for up to 6 months. If the debt is not paid off or not likely to be paid off by that time, Creditor may serve another garnishment.

The rules about how much of your pay can be taken are explained in the notice of Colorado rules about garnishment that you received with this notice. This notice also contains an estimate of how much of your pay will likely be withheld each paycheck.

At any time, you can get a report that shows how the amount taken from your pay was calculated. To receive this report, you must write or e-mail the person who pays you.

4. Do I have options?

Yes, you have several options, here are three of them:

A. You can talk with a lawyer: A lawyer can explain the situations to you and help you decide what to do. The self-help desk of the court where the garnishment action is pending can provide you help with resources to find a lawyer.

B. You can contact Creditor: If you can work something out with Creditor, money might not have to be taken from your pay. The Creditor's contact information is on the first page of the writ of garnishment.

C. You can request a court hearing: A hearing could be helpful if there are disagreements about the garnishment, the amount the court has ruled that you owe, whether the amount of money being withheld from your paycheck is correct, or whether the amount being withheld should be reduced to help you support your family and yourself. If you disagree with the estimate of the amount of money that will be withheld from your paycheck, you must attempt to work this out with the person who pays you before going to court. You must do this within 7 days after receiving this notice. If you cannot work it out with the person who pays you, you may seek a hearing in court. If you want a court hearing, you must request one. If you think that you need more money to support your family and yourself, you may seek a court hearing without consulting the person who pays you. For help requesting a hearing, contact the self-help desk of the court where the garnishment action is pending.

5. What if I don't do anything?

If you don't do anything, the law requires that money be taken out of your paycheck beginning with the first payday that is at least 14 days after the day the person who pays you sends you this notice. The money will be given to Creditor. This process will continue for 6 months unless your debt is paid off before that.

6. How does garnishment work in Colorado?

Only a portion of your pay can be garnished. The amount that can be withheld from your pay depends on something called "disposable earnings". Your disposable earnings are what is left after deductions from your gross pay for taxes and certain health insurance costs. Your paycheck stub should tell what your disposable earnings are.

The amount of your disposable earnings that can be garnished is determined by comparing two numbers: (1) 20% of your disposable earnings and (2) the amount by which your disposable earnings exceed 40 times the minimum wage. The smaller of these two amounts will be deducted from your pay.

If you think that your earnings after garnishment are not enough to support yourself and any members of your family that you support, you can try to have the amount of your disposable earnings that are garnished further reduced. This is discussed earlier in this notice under 4. Do I have options?

Your employer cannot fire you because your earnings have been garnished. If your employer does this in violation of your legal rights, you may file a lawsuit within 91 days of your firing to recover wages you lost because you were fired. You can also seek to be reinstated to your job. If you are successful with this lawsuit, you cannot recover more than 6 weeks' wages and attorney fees.

Based on your most recent paycheck, the person who pays you estimates that $______ will be withheld from each paycheck that is subject to garnishment.

(4) The notice required by subsection (2)(f) of this section must:

(a) Have a heading stating that it explains wage garnishment in Colorado; and

(b) Reasonably inform the judgment debtor of:

(I) The limits on wage garnishment pursuant to section 13-54-104;

(II) Exemptions from and limits on garnishment and protections pursuant to the laws of Colorado; and

(III) An estimate, based on the judgment debtor's most recent paycheck and prepared by the garnishee, of the amount that would likely be withheld from the judgment debtor's paychecks in the future.

(5) Not later than seven days after being served with a writ of garnishment:

(a) If one of the following grounds applies, the garnishee shall send notice to the judgment creditor stating the applicable ground:

(I) The judgment debtor is not an employee of the garnishee; or

(II) The writ of garnishment does not contain all information required by subsection (2) of this section.

(b) If subsection (5)(a) of this section does not apply, the garnishee shall:

(I) Send to the judgment creditor a notice that includes:

(A) A statement that the named judgment debtor is an employee of the garnishee;

(B) The pay frequency of the judgment debtor and the date of the first payday that is at least twenty-one days after the garnishee was served with the writ of garnishment in accordance with subsection (1) of this section or the first payday after the expiration of any prior effective writ of garnishment that is at least twenty-one days after service of the writ on the garnishee;

(C) If the judgment debtor's earnings are subject to deductions other than withholding for local, state, and federal income taxes and pursuant to the "Federal Insurance Contributions Act", 26 U.S.C. sec. 3101 et seq., as amended, the nature, number, and amounts of these deductions and the relative priority of the writ of garnishment; and

(II) Send to the judgment debtor on the same day the notice required by subsection (5)(b)(I) of this section is sent to the judgment creditor a copy of the writ of garnishment and the notices required pursuant to subsections (2)(e) and (2)(f) of this section.

(6) If subsection (5)(b)(I) of this section applies, the garnishee shall begin garnishment on the first payday that occurs at least twenty-one days after the garnishee was served with the writ of garnishment in accordance with subsection (1) of this section or the first payday after the expiration of any prior effective writ of garnishment that is at least twenty-one days after service of the writ on the garnishee.
C.R.S. § 13-1-141 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-141
13-1-141. Ralph L
Status: in_force

13-1-141. Ralph L. Carr Colorado judicial center - Colorado state patrol - law enforcement services. The Colorado state patrol shall provide law enforcement services for the Ralph L. Carr Colorado judicial center and its grounds, subject to available appropriations.
C.R.S. § 13-6-405 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 4 / Section 13-6-405
13-6-405. Magistrate in small claims court
Status: in_force

13-6-405. Magistrate in small claims court. (1) In the following circumstances, a magistrate may hear and decide claims in a small claims court:

(a) In Class A counties, as defined in section 13-6-201, magistrates for small claims may be appointed by the presiding judge.

(b) In Class B counties, as defined in section 13-6-201, magistrates for small claims may be appointed, pursuant to section 13-3-105, if approved by the chief justice.

(2) A magistrate shall be a qualified attorney-at-law admitted to practice in the state of Colorado or a nonattorney if the nonattorney is serving as a county judge pursuant to section 13-6-203.

(3) While acting as a magistrate for small claims, a magistrate shall have the same powers as a judge.

(3.5) A magistrate shall have the power to solemnize marriages pursuant to the procedures in section 14-2-109, C.R.S.

(4) If any party files a timely written objection, pursuant to rule of the supreme court, with the magistrate conducting the hearing, that party's case shall be rereferred to a judge.
C.R.S. § 13-22-203 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-203
13-22-203. Applicability
Status: in_force

13-22-203. Applicability. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (2) of this section, this part 2 shall govern an agreement to arbitrate made on or after August 4, 2004.

(2) This part 2 shall govern an agreement to arbitrate made before August 4, 2004, if all parties to the agreement or to the arbitration proceeding so agree in a record.
C.R.S. § 13-23-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-102
13-23-102. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-23-102. Definitions. As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Annuity issuer" means an insurer that has issued a contract to fund periodic payments under a structured settlement.

(2) "Dependent" means a payee's spouse, minor child, or any person for whom the payee is legally obligated to provide support, including maintenance.

(3) "Discounted present value" means the present value of future payments determined by discounting such payments to the present using the most recently published applicable federal rate for determining the present value of an annuity, as issued by the United States internal revenue service.

(4) "Gross advance amount" means the sum payable to the payee or for the payee's account as consideration for a transfer of structured settlement payment rights before any reductions for transfer expenses or other deductions are made from such consideration.

(5) "Independent professional advice" means advice of an attorney, certified public accountant, actuary, or other licensed professional adviser.

(6) "Interested parties" means the payee, any beneficiary irrevocably designated under the annuity contract to receive payments following the payee's death, the annuity issuer, the structured settlement obligor, and any other party who has continuing rights or obligations under such structured settlement. If a delegate child support enforcement unit is enforcing a payee's legal obligation to support his or her dependent children, pursuant to section 26-13-105, C.R.S., "interested parties" shall also include the delegate child support enforcement unit.

(7) "Net advance amount" means the gross advance amount less the aggregate amount of the actual and estimated transfer expenses required to be disclosed under section 13-23-103.

(8) "Payee" means an individual who is receiving tax-free payments under a structured settlement and who proposes to make a transfer of payment rights thereunder.

(9) "Periodic payment" means a recurring payment or a scheduled future lump-sum payment.

(10) "Qualified assignment agreement" means an agreement providing for a qualified assignment within the meaning of section 130 of the federal "Internal Revenue Code of 1986", as amended.

(11) "Responsible administrative authority" means any government authority vested by law with exclusive jurisdiction over the settled claim resolved by such structured settlement.

(12) "Settled claim" means the original tort claim resolved by a structured settlement.

(13) "Structured settlement" means an arrangement for periodic payment of damages for personal injuries or sickness established by settlement or judgment in resolution of a tort claim.

(14) "Structured settlement agreement" means the agreement, judgment, stipulation, or release embodying the terms of a structured settlement.

(15) "Structured settlement obligor" means the party who has the continuing obligation to make periodic payments to the payee under a structured settlement agreement or a qualified assignment agreement.

(16) "Structured settlement payment right" means the right to receive periodic payments under a structured settlement, whether from the structured settlement obligor or the annuity issuer, where:

(a) The payee is domiciled in Colorado or the domicile or principal place of business of the structured settlement obligor or the annuity issuer is Colorado; or

(b) The structured settlement agreement was approved by a court or responsible administrative authority in Colorado; or

(c) The structured settlement agreement is expressly governed by the laws of Colorado.

(17) "Terms of the structured settlement" means the terms of the structured settlement agreement, the annuity contract, a qualified assignment agreement, and any order or other approval of a court or responsible administrative authority or other government authority that authorized or approved such structured settlement.

(18) "Transfer" means a sale, assignment, pledge, hypothecation, or other alienation or encumbrance of a structured settlement payment right made by a payee for consideration; except that the term "transfer" does not include the creation or perfection of a security interest in a structured settlement payment right under a blanket security agreement entered into with an insured depository institution in the absence of any action to redirect the structured settlement payments to such insured depository institution, or an agent or successor in interest thereof, or otherwise to enforce such blanket security interest against the structured settlement payment rights.

(19) "Transfer agreement" means the agreement providing for a transfer of a structured settlement payment right.

(20) "Transferee" means a party acquiring or proposing to acquire a structured settlement payment right through a transfer.

(21) "Transfer expenses" means all expenses of a transfer that are required under the transfer agreement to be paid by the payee or deducted from the gross advance amount, including, without limitation, court filing fees, attorney fees, escrow fees, lien recordation fees, judgment and lien search fees, finders' fees, commissions, and other payments to a broker or other intermediary. "Transfer expenses" does not include preexisting obligations of the payee payable for the payee's account from the proceeds of a transfer.
C.R.S. § 13-8-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-117
13-8-117. Seal
Status: in_force

13-8-117. Seal. The juvenile court shall have a seal, bearing upon the face thereof the words "The Juvenile Court of the City and County of Denver, Colorado".
C.R.S. § 13-93-304 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-304
13-93-304. License fee
Status: in_force

13-93-304. License fee. The license fee for a license to practice law as a legal paraprofessional in this state is set by the supreme court's rules governing licensed legal paraprofessionals.
C.R.S. § 13-25-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-101
13-25-101. Printed statutes - reports of decisions
Status: in_force

13-25-101. Printed statutes - reports of decisions. The printed statute books of the United States and of the several states and territories, printed under the authority of such states and territories, and the books of reports of decisions of the supreme courts of the United States and of the several states and territories, published by authority of such courts, may be read as evidence in all courts of this state of such acts and decisions.
C.R.S. § 13-22-221 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-221
13-22-221. Remedies - fees and expenses of arbitration proceeding
Status: in_force

13-22-221. Remedies - fees and expenses of arbitration proceeding. (1) An arbitrator may award reasonable attorney fees and other reasonable expenses of arbitration if such an award is authorized by law in a civil action involving the same claim or by the agreement of the parties to the arbitration proceeding.

(2) An arbitrator's expenses and fees, together with other expenses, shall be paid as provided in the award.

(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to alter or amend the provisions of section 13-21-102 (5).
C.R.S. § 13-90-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-101
13-90-101. Who may testify - interest
Status: in_force

13-90-101. Who may testify - interest. All persons, without exception, other than those specified in sections 13-90-102 to 13-90-108 may be witnesses. Neither parties nor other persons who have an interest in the event of an action or proceeding shall be excluded; nor those who have been convicted of crime; nor persons on account of their opinions on matters of religious belief. In every case the credibility of the witness may be drawn in question, as now provided by law, but the conviction of any person for any felony may be shown for the purpose of affecting the credibility of such witness. The fact of such conviction may be proved like any other fact, not of record, either by the witness himself, who shall be compelled to testify thereto, or by any other person cognizant of such conviction as impeaching testimony or by any other competent testimony. Evidence of a previous conviction of a felony where the witness testifying was convicted five years prior to the time when the witness testifies shall not be admissible in evidence in any civil action.
C.R.S. § 13-1-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-115
13-1-115. Courts may issue proper writs
Status: in_force

13-1-115. Courts may issue proper writs. The courts have power to issue all writs necessary and proper to the complete exercise of the power conferred on them by the constitution and laws of this state. The district courts have authority in ne exeat proceedings according to the usual practice in such cases in courts of chancery.
C.R.S. § 13-25-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-108
13-25-108. Evidence of assessment
Status: in_force

13-25-108. Evidence of assessment. In all actions in all courts of record, the original assessment, or a certified copy thereof purporting to be made by the corporate authorities of any municipality in this state, under a statute authorizing the same, which determines the cost and expense due from any piece of real estate, or from the owner thereof, because of the construction of any kind of local improvement in the taxing district wherein such property is located, or in front of, abutting upon, or adjacent to said realty within any such municipality shall be accepted and treated by such tribunals as prima facie evidence of the lawful existence, and due and proper performance of all preliminary steps essential to make such assessment a legal and valid assessment against the realty or owner thereof, or both, against whom it appears to be made.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 11 / Section 13-21-1103
13-21-1103. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-21-1103. Definitions. For the purposes of this part 11, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Claim" means any claim by or on behalf of a natural person and any derivative or other claim arising therefrom that is asserted by or on behalf of any other person.

(2) "Food" means any food or beverage, including chewing gum, intended for human consumption and articles used for components of any such food or beverage.

(3) "Injury caused by or likely to result from long-term consumption" means an injury or condition resulting or likely to result from the cumulative effect of consumption and not from a single instance of consumption.

(4) "Other person" means any individual, corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, society, joint-stock company, or any other entity, including any governmental entity or private attorney general.
C.R.S. § 13-58-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 58 / Section 13-58-101
13-58-101. Death of debtor - filing claim
Status: in_force

13-58-101. Death of debtor - filing claim. When a judgment is obtained in any court of record in this state against any person who after the rendition of said judgment dies, a claim based upon such judgment may be filed against the estate of the deceased judgment debtor without first reviving the judgment against his heirs or personal representatives.
C.R.S. § 13-71-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-116
13-71-116. Trial juror's right to one postponement - definition
Status: in_force

13-71-116. Trial juror's right to one postponement - definition. (1) A trial juror shall have the right to one postponement of the term of juror service. The postponement must not last more than six months, but may extend into the next calendar year; except that, if a trial juror is a Colorado resident and a student enrolled in an institution of higher education outside the state of Colorado and attends classes at the institution in person, the postponement must not last more than twelve months but may extend into the next calendar year. To exercise this right, the juror shall notify the jury commissioner by telephone or in writing requesting an alternate date to which juror service may be postponed. A jury commissioner, in the jury commissioner's discretion, may set the date to which the juror's service is postponed. A jury commissioner shall notify the juror by telephone or in writing of the new date.

(2) As used in this section, "institution of higher education" means any out-of-state postsecondary public or private educational institution that provides not less than a one-year program of training to prepare students for gainful employment.
C.R.S. § 13-3-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-102
13-3-102. Surveys - conferences - reports
Status: repealed

13-3-102. Surveys - conferences - reports. (1) The state court administrator under the direction of the chief justice shall make a continuous survey of the conditions of the dockets and the business of the courts of record and shall make reports and recommendations thereon to the chief justice.

(2) The chief justice shall assemble the judges of the courts of record at least once yearly to discuss such recommendations and such other business as will benefit the judiciary and the expedition of the business of the several courts. When so summoned, the judges of the courts of record shall attend such conferences at the expense of the state of Colorado. Each judge shall file a verified itemized statement of the mileage and all moneys actually paid out for personal maintenance expenses in attending such conferences with the court administrator, who shall audit the same and submit it to the state controller. The state controller shall draw a warrant therefor, which warrant shall be paid by the state treasurer out of the appropriate fund. Unless excused by illness, such judges are required to attend the conferences unless excused by the chief justice.

(3) Repealed.
C.R.S. § 13-21-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-110
13-21-110. Medical committee - privileged communication - limitation on liability
Status: in_force

13-21-110. Medical committee - privileged communication - limitation on liability. (1) Any information, data, reports, or records made available to a utilization review committee of a hospital or other health-care facility, as required by state or federal law, is confidential and shall be used by such committee and the members thereof only in the exercise of the proper functions of the committee. It shall not be a violation of a privileged communication for any physician, dentist, podiatrist, hospital, or other health-care facility or person to furnish information, data, reports, or records to any such utilization review committee concerning any patient examined or treated by the same or confined in such hospital or facility, which information, data, reports, or records relate to the proper functions of the utilization review committee. No member of such a committee shall be liable for damages to or for any such patient by reason of recommendations made by the committee in the exercise of the proper function of the committee, except for willful or reckless disregard of the patient's safety.

(2) As used in this section, "utilization review committee" means a committee established for the purpose of evaluating the quantity, quality, and timeliness of health- care services rendered under the "Colorado Medical Assistance Act" and in compliance with Titles XVIII and XIX of the federal "Social Security Act", as amended.

(3) The privilege created by subsection (1) of this section shall not prevent any such information, data, reports, or records which have been made available to a utilization review committee from being admitted in evidence or otherwise made available for use in the review process referred to in section 13-90-107 (1)(d)(III) and (1)(d)(IV).
C.R.S. § 13-25-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-103
13-25-103. Mortality table
Status: repealed

13-25-103. Mortality table. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-56-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 56 / Part 1 / Section 13-56-102
13-56-102. Writs from other county
Status: in_force

13-56-102. Writs from other county. Writs of attachment and writs of execution may issue from any district or county court of any county to the sheriff or other proper officer of such county or any other county, and, when in such cases a levy is made upon real estate in such other county, it is the duty of the sheriff or other officer making such levy to file a certificate of such fact with the recorder of his county, and, from and after the filing of the same, such levy shall take effect as to creditors and bona fide purchasers without notice and not before.
C.R.S. § 13-21-301 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 3 / Section 13-21-301
13-21-301. Settlements, releases, and statements of injured persons
Status: in_force

13-21-301. Settlements, releases, and statements of injured persons. (1) If a person is injured as a result of an occurrence which might give rise to liability and said person is a patient under the care of a practitioner of the healing arts or is hospitalized, no person or agent of any person whose interest is adverse to the injured person shall:

(a) Within thirty days after the date of the occurrence causing the injury, negotiate or attempt to negotiate a settlement with the injured patient;

(b) Within thirty days after the date of the occurrence causing the injury, obtain or attempt to obtain a general release of liability from the injured patient; or

(c) Within fifteen days after the date of the occurrence causing the injury, obtain or attempt to obtain any statement, either written, oral, recorded, or otherwise, from the injured patient for use in negotiating a settlement or obtaining a release except as provided by the Colorado rules of civil procedure.

(2) Any settlement agreement entered into or any general release of liability given by the injured patient in violation of this section shall be void. Any statement, written, oral, recorded, or otherwise, which is given by the injured party in violation of this section may not be used in evidence against the interest of the injured party in any civil action relating to the injury.

(3) Nothing in this section shall preclude the taking of statements by peace officers, as defined in section 24-31-301 (5), C.R.S., acting in their official capacity in the ordinary course of their employment, and nothing shall preclude the use of such statements for any purpose permitted by statute or rule of court applying to the admission of evidence.
C.R.S. § 13-1-130 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-130
13-1-130. Reports of convictions to department of education
Status: in_force

13-1-130. Reports of convictions to department of education. When a person is convicted of, pleads nolo contendere to, or receives a deferred sentence for a felony and the court knows the person is a current or former employee of a school district or a charter school in this state or holds a license or authorization pursuant to the provisions of article 60.5 of title 22, C.R.S., the court shall report such fact to the department of education.
C.R.S. § 13-14-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 14 / Section 13-14-109
13-14-109. Fees and costs
Status: in_force

13-14-109. Fees and costs. (1) (a) The court may assess a filing fee against a petitioner seeking relief pursuant to this article 14; except that the court may not assess a filing fee against a petitioner if the court determines the petitioner is seeking the protection order as a victim of domestic violence, stalking, or sexual violence. The court shall provide the necessary number of certified copies at no cost to petitioners.

(b) The court shall neither award any costs nor assess any fees, including attorney fees, against a petitioner seeking relief pursuant to this article 14, except as provided in subsection (1)(a) of this section and section 13-17-102 (2), (4), and (6).

(2) A state or public agency shall not assess fees for service of process against a petitioner seeking relief pursuant to this article 14 as a victim of domestic violence as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1), stalking, or sexual violence.

(3) At the permanent protection order hearing, the court may require the respondent to pay the filing fee and service-of-process fees, as established by the state agency, political subdivision, or public agency pursuant to a fee schedule, and to reimburse the petitioner for costs incurred in bringing the action.
C.R.S. § 13-33-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 33 / Section 13-33-104
13-33-104. Witness fees paid into treasury - when
Status: in_force

13-33-104. Witness fees paid into treasury - when. Any witness fee collected by a clerk of any district court or county court shall be paid to the person entitled to the witness fee, when claimed. Any witness fee collected and not paid to a witness claimant in the same month shall be paid by the clerk of the court to the state treasurer pursuant to section 30-1-112 (2), C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-22-103.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 1 / Section 13-22-103.5
13-22-103.5. Minors - consent for medical care - pregnancy
Status: in_force

13-22-103.5. Minors - consent for medical care - pregnancy. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a pregnant minor may authorize prenatal, delivery, and post-delivery medical care for herself related to the intended live birth of a child.
C.R.S. § 13-71-128 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-128
13-71-128. Reimbursement of unemployed jurors during first three days of service
Status: in_force

13-71-128. Reimbursement of unemployed jurors during first three days of service. Each trial or grand juror who is unemployed may apply to the jury commissioner on the first day of juror service and shall be reimbursed by the state for reasonable travel, child care, and other necessary out-of-pocket expenses, except food, for the first three days of juror service or any part thereof. The state court administrator shall establish guidelines for the reimbursement of unemployed trial and grand jurors. No award for an unemployed juror shall exceed fifty dollars per day of juror service, and the court shall approve, prior to reimbursement, any award which is outside the guidelines. Any juror who is not regularly employed, including, but not limited to, retired persons, homemakers, students, unemployed persons, and persons receiving unemployment benefits, shall be entitled to reimbursement under this section. Juror service shall not cause a person to lose unemployment benefits.
C.R.S. § 13-64-303.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 3 / Section 13-64-303.5
13-64-303.5. Exclusion - mental health-care facilities
Status: in_force

13-64-303.5. Exclusion - mental health-care facilities. The provisions of section 13-64-301 do not apply to any outpatient mental health-care facility, including a behavioral health safety net provider, and to any extended care facility or hospice with sixteen or fewer inpatient beds, including to nursing homes or rehabilitation facilities. The department of public health and environment shall by rule establish financial responsibility standards that are less than those prescribed in this section for classes of health-care institutions that have less risk of exposure to medical malpractice claims or for other reasons that render the limits provided in section 13-64-301 (1)(b) unreasonable or unattainable.
C.R.S. § 13-93-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 1 / Section 13-93-101
13-93-101. License to practice necessary
Status: in_force

13-93-101. License to practice necessary. (1) No person shall be permitted to practice as an attorney- or counselor-at-law or to commence, conduct, or defend any action, suit, or plaint in which he or she is not a party concerned in any court of record within this state, either by using or subscribing his or her own name or the name of any other person, without having previously obtained a license or other authorization to practice law pursuant to the supreme court's rules governing admission to the practice of law in Colorado.

(2) Upon request of the supreme court or its office of attorney regulation counsel, the Colorado bureau of investigation shall conduct a state and national fingerprint-based criminal history record check, utilizing records of the Colorado bureau of investigation and the federal bureau of investigation. Upon completion of the criminal history record check, the bureau shall provide the results to the requesting agency.

(3) Upon request of the supreme court or a representative of its office of attorney regulation counsel, the applicant shall also provide a name-based judicial record check, as defined in section 22-2-119.3 (6)(d), if the applicant has a record of arrest without a disposition.

(4) Local law enforcement agencies shall cooperate with any supreme court request for records related to criminal history.
C.R.S. § 13-5-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-104
13-5-104. Third district
Status: in_force

13-5-104. Third district. (1) The third judicial district shall be composed of the counties of Las Animas and Huerfano.

(2) The number of judges for the third judicial district shall be two.

(3) The third judicial district shall be divided into two divisions. The northern division shall consist of the county of Huerfano, and the southern division shall consist of the county of Las Animas. One judge of the district shall maintain his official residence and chambers in the northern division of the district, and one judge shall maintain his official residence and chambers in the southern division of the district. Travel and maintenance expenses shall be allowed a judge of the district only when he is outside the county of his official residence. For all other purposes, the district shall be considered as a single entity. The allocation of judges to the northern and southern divisions shall be made by court rule. In the event that the judges of the district are unable to agree upon an allocation by rule, the matter shall be determined by the chief justice of the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-8-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-124
13-8-124. Appellate review
Status: in_force

13-8-124. Appellate review. Appellate review of any order, decree, or judgment may be taken to the supreme court or the court of appeals, as provided by law and the Colorado appellate rules. Initials shall appear on the record on appeal in place of the name of the child. Appeals from orders or decrees concerning legal custody, the allocation of parental responsibilities, termination of parent-child legal relationships, and adoptions shall be advanced upon the calendar of the supreme court or of the court of appeals and shall be decided at the earliest practicable time.
C.R.S. § 13-3-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-109
13-3-109. Retirement - past service benefits
Status: in_force

13-3-109. Retirement - past service benefits. (1) Past service benefits in the public employees' retirement association shall be purchased for each employee covered under sections 13-3-104 and 13-3-105 who, on January 1, 1970, meets all of the following conditions:

(a) Is sixty years of age or older;

(b) Was not a member of a county or a city and county retirement plan, or, if a member, is not eligible to receive a deferred annuity;

(c) If a member of a county or a city and county retirement plan, has withdrawn the funds credited to his account with the county or city and county retirement fund, and paid the full amount thereof, exclusive of any voluntary contributions to such county or city and county retirement plan, into the public employees' retirement association, or who withdraws such funds and deposits them with the public employees' retirement association no later than March 31, 1970.

(2) (a) When an employee meets all of the conditions in subsection (1) of this section, the public employees' retirement association shall grant him prior service credit based on length of service in a court, or department thereof, covered under sections 13-3-104 and 13-3-105, up to a maximum of five years.

(b) The public employees' retirement association shall calculate the cost of granting such prior service credit to each employee, after giving credit for the amount paid, if any, by the employee, and shall bill the judicial department for such cost. In the event that the cost for an employee is less than the amount paid in by him pursuant to subsection (1)(c) of this section, the treasurer of the public employees' retirement association shall instead refund the difference to the employee.

(c) The judicial department shall include the total of such billings in its appropriation request. The grant of prior service credits provided in paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) shall be made only if an appropriation therefor is made by the general assembly.

(3) (a) Any employee under the age of sixty years covered under sections 13-3-104 and 13-3-105 who has been a member of a county or city and county retirement plan may purchase prior service credit by withdrawing the funds credited to his account with the county or city and county retirement fund and paying the full amount thereof into the public employees' retirement fund.

(b) The public employees' retirement association shall calculate the amount of prior service credit purchased by an employee as provided in paragraph (a) of this subsection (3) and shall so notify him.

(c) An employee covered under sections 13-3-104 and 13-3-105 may also purchase prior service credit, not to exceed the actual number of years of employment in a court of record, or department thereof, by making a direct payment to the public employees' retirement association in an amount determined by the public employees' retirement association to be actuarially sound and without expense to the state.

(4) For the purposes set forth in article 51 of title 24, C.R.S., the employees for whom prior service credit is granted under this section shall be considered to have been employees of the state for the period of such prior service.
C.R.S. § 13-54.5-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54.5 / Section 13-54.5-107
13-54.5-107. Service of notice upon judgment debtor
Status: in_force

13-54.5-107. Service of notice upon judgment debtor. (1) In a case of continuing garnishment, the garnishee shall deliver a copy of the writ of garnishment and notices required by section 13-54.5-105 to the judgment debtor in accordance with the provisions of section 13-54.5-105 (5)(b)(II).

(2) (a) In cases other than a continuing garnishment where the judgment debtor's personal property is subject to garnishment, service of the notice of exemption and pending levy required by section 13-54.5-106 must be made by one of the following means:

(I) Giving the notice of exemption and pending levy to the judgment debtor in person and obtaining a receipt;

(II) Personal service;

(III) (A) Depositing the notice in the United States mail, postage prepaid and addressed to the judgment debtor's last-known address known to the judgment creditor. A notice served in this manner must be sent either by certified mail, return receipt requested, or by regular mail supported by an affidavit of mailing sworn and retained by the judgment creditor.

(B) A notice mailed and not returned as undeliverable by the United States postal service is presumed to have been given on the date of mailing. For the purposes of this subsection (2), "undeliverable" does not include unclaimed or refused.

(C) If the judgment debtor has provided consent for notice by electronic mail as described in subparagraph (IV) of this paragraph (a), the judgment creditor shall also provide the notice as described in subparagraph (IV) of this paragraph (a) when using the notice provisions in this subparagraph (III).

(IV) Transmitting the notice by electronic mail, if the judgment debtor has previously consented to receive information about the debt from the judgment creditor in electronic form, to the last-known electronic mail address of the judgment debtor on file with the judgment creditor. A notice served in this manner must be supported by an affidavit, executed under penalty of perjury, of any officer, clerk, or agent of the creditor or the creditor's attorney, authorized to serve the notice or electronically transmit the notice under this section. The affidavit constitutes proof of notice under this subparagraph (IV).

(b) (I) If service cannot be made upon the judgment debtor as set forth in paragraph (a) of this subsection (2), and upon a showing that due diligence has been used to obtain service as set forth in paragraph (a) of this subsection (2), the court shall order service of a notice of exemption and pending levy to be made by one of the following methods:

(A) Publication for a period of fourteen days in a newspaper of general circulation published in the county in which the property was levied upon; or

(B) If there is no newspaper of general circulation published in the county in which the property was levied upon, then service is made by publication for a period of fourteen days in a newspaper of general circulation in an adjoining county, and the court shall order the clerk of the court in which the judgment was entered to mail a copy of the notice to the judgment debtor at the judgment debtor's last-known address, postage prepaid.

(II) A newspaper used for service by publication as set forth in this paragraph (b) must meet the requirements set forth in section 24-70-106, C.R.S.

(III) (A) The judgment creditor shall file with the clerk of the court in which the judgment was entered a notice of exemption and pending levy, as well as proof of service of the notice.

(B) In the case of service by publication, the judgment creditor shall file with the clerk of the court in which the judgment was entered an affidavit of publication and an affidavit of the mailing of the notice.

(3) Compliance with this section and sections 13-54.5-105 and 13-54.5-106 by the judgment creditor shall be deemed to give sufficient notice to the judgment debtor of the garnishment proceedings against him, and no further notice shall be required under this article.
C.R.S. § 13-1-403 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 4 / Section 13-1-403
13-1-403. Prohibition of civil arrest - writ of protection - procedure
Status: in_force

13-1-403. Prohibition of civil arrest - writ of protection - procedure. (1) A person shall not be subject to civil arrest while the person is present at a courthouse or on its environs, or while going to, attending, or coming from a court proceeding.

(2) (a) A judge or magistrate may issue a writ of protection to prohibit a civil arrest pursuant to subsection (1) of this section. A judge or magistrate may incorporate the writ of protection in other regularly issued documents.

(b) The protection described in subsection (1) of this section applies regardless of whether a writ of protection has been issued.

(3) Nothing in this section precludes a criminal arrest or execution of a criminal arrest warrant issued by a judge or magistrate based on probable cause of a violation of criminal law.

(4) An on-duty law enforcement officer who is not employed by or contracted with courthouse security, or participating in a court proceeding, shall present credentials and state the purpose of the officer's presence to any existing courthouse security, who shall maintain a record of the information.

(5) The chief judge of any court may enter an order to ensure that arrests made while persons are present at a courthouse or on its environs, or while going to, attending, or coming from a court proceeding, comply with this section.
C.R.S. § 13-80-103.7 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-103.7
13-80-103.7. General limitation of actions - sexual misconduct - third-party liability - defi
Status: in_force

13-80-103.7. General limitation of actions - sexual misconduct - third-party liability - definition. (1) (a) Notwithstanding any other statute of limitations specified in this article 80, or any other provision of law that can be construed to limit the time period to commence an action described in this section, any civil action based on sexual misconduct, including any derivative claim, may be commenced at any time without limitation.

(b) This subsection (1) applies to causes of action accruing on or after January 1, 2022, and to causes of action accruing before January 1, 2022, if the applicable statute of limitations, as it existed prior to January 1, 2022, has not yet run on January 1, 2022.

(2) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires, "sexual misconduct" means any conduct that forms the basis of a civil action that is engaged in for the purpose of the sexual arousal, gratification, or abuse of any person, and that constitutes any of the following:

(a) A first degree misdemeanor or a felony offense described in part 3 or 4 of article 3 of title 18 or a felony offense described in article 6 or 7 of title 18;

(b) Human trafficking for sexual servitude, as described in section 18-3-504;

(c) A federal sex offense as defined in the federal "Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act", 34 U.S.C. sec. 20911 (5)(A)(iii);

(d) Obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children, as described in 18 U.S.C. sec. 1466A;

(e) Transfer of obscene material to minors, as described in 18 U.S.C. sec. 1470; or

(f) Attempt or conspiracy to commit sex trafficking of children or by force, fraud, or coercion, as described in 18 U.S.C. sec. 1594.

(3) to (5) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2022.)

(6) (a) This section also applies to any cause of action arising from factual circumstances that include sexual misconduct that is brought against a person or entity that is not the perpetrator of the sexual misconduct.

(b) This subsection (6) applies to causes of action accruing on or after January 1, 2022, and to causes of action accruing before January 1, 2022, if the applicable statute of limitations, as it existed prior to January 1, 2022, has not yet run on January 1, 2022.
C.R.S. § 13-23-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 23 / Section 13-23-101
13-23-101. Short title
Status: in_force

13-23-101. Short title. This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Structured Settlement Protection Act".
C.R.S. § 13-22-504 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 5 / Section 13-22-504
13-22-504. Agreement for alternative dispute resolution
Status: in_force

13-22-504. Agreement for alternative dispute resolution. The parties to an international dispute may agree to submit such dispute to arbitration, mediation, or conciliation for resolution of such dispute by means other than by litigation. Such dispute resolution pursuant to this part 5 shall be subject to any treaties or agreements which are in force and effect between the United States and any other country.
C.R.S. § 13-10-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-108
13-10-108. Clerk of the municipal court
Status: in_force

13-10-108. Clerk of the municipal court. (1) The municipal governing body shall establish the position of clerk of the municipal court, except that the municipal judge shall serve as ex officio clerk if the business of the court is insufficient to warrant a separate full-time or part-time clerk.

(2) The clerk of the municipal court shall be appointed by the presiding municipal judge and shall have such duties as are delegated to him by law, court rule, or the presiding municipal judge.

(3) The municipal governing body shall provide for the salary of the clerk of the municipal court in the same manner as specified in section 13-10-107; except that if the municipal judge serves as ex officio clerk, he shall not receive any additional compensation.
C.R.S. § 13-24-119 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-119
13-24-119. Limits of privilege
Status: in_force

13-24-119. Limits of privilege. (1) There is no privilege under section 13-24-117 for a collaborative law communication that is:

(a) Available to the public under article 72 of title 24;

(b) A threat or statement of a plan to inflict bodily injury or commit a crime of violence or a threat to the safety of a child under eighteen years of age;

(c) Intentionally used to plan a crime, commit or attempt to commit a crime, or conceal an ongoing crime or ongoing criminal activity; or

(d) In an agreement resulting from the collaborative law process, evidenced by a record signed by all parties to the agreement.

(2) The privileges under section 13-24-117 for a collaborative law communication do not apply to the extent that a communication is:

(a) Sought or offered to prove or disprove a claim or complaint of professional misconduct or malpractice arising from or related to a collaborative law process or matter; or

(b) Sought or offered to prove or disprove abuse, neglect, abandonment, or exploitation of a child or adult.

(3) If a collaborative law communication is subject to an exception under subsection (1) or (2) of this section, only the part of the communication necessary for the application of the exception may be disclosed or admitted.

(4) Disclosure or admission of evidence excepted from the privilege under subsection (1) or (2) of this section does not make the evidence or any other collaborative law communication discoverable or admissible for any other purpose.

(5) The privileges under section 13-24-117 do not apply if the parties agree in advance in a signed record, or if a record of a proceeding reflects agreement by the parties, that all or part of a collaborative law process is not privileged. This subsection (5) does not apply to a collaborative law communication made by a person that did not receive actual notice of the agreement before the communication was made.
C.R.S. § 13-22-218 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-218
13-22-218. Judicial enforcement of pre-award ruling by arbitrator
Status: in_force

13-22-218. Judicial enforcement of pre-award ruling by arbitrator. If an arbitrator makes a pre-award ruling in favor of a party to the arbitration proceeding, the party may request the arbitrator to incorporate the ruling into an award under section 13-22-219. A prevailing party may make a motion to the court for an expedited order to confirm the award under section 13-22-222, in which case the court shall summarily decide the motion. The court shall issue an order to confirm the award unless the court vacates, modifies, or corrects the award under section 13-22-223 or 13-22-224.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1407 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 14 / Section 13-21-1407
13-21-1407. Statute of limitations
Status: in_force

13-21-1407. Statute of limitations. (1) An action under section 13-21-1403 (2) for:

(a) An unauthorized disclosure may not be brought later than six years from the date the disclosure was discovered or should have been discovered with the exercise of reasonable diligence; and

(b) A threat to disclose may not be brought later than six years from the date of the threat to disclose.

(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) of this section, this section is subject to the tolling statutes of this state.

(3) In an action under section 13-21-1403 (2) by a depicted individual who was a minor on the date of the disclosure or threat to disclose, the time specified in subsection (1) of this section does not begin to run until the depicted individual attains the age of majority.
C.R.S. § 13-22-225 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-225
13-22-225. Judgment on award - attorney fees and litigation expenses
Status: in_force

13-22-225. Judgment on award - attorney fees and litigation expenses. (1) Upon granting an order confirming, vacating without directing a rehearing, modifying, or correcting an award, the court shall enter a judgment in conformity therewith. The judgment may be recorded, docketed, and enforced as any other judgment in a civil action.

(2) A court may award the reasonable costs of the motion and subsequent judicial proceedings.

(3) On the application of a prevailing party to a contested judicial proceeding under section 13-22-222, 13-22-223, or 13-22-224, the court may add reasonable attorney fees and other reasonable expenses of litigation incurred in a judicial proceeding after the award is made to a judgment confirming, vacating without directing a rehearing, modifying, or correcting an award.
C.R.S. § 13-64-203 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-203
13-64-203. Periodic payments
Status: in_force

13-64-203. Periodic payments. (1) In any civil action for damages in tort brought against a health-care professional or a health-care institution, the trial judge shall enter a judgment ordering that awards for future damages be paid by periodic payments rather than by a lump-sum payment if the award for future damages exceeds the present value of one hundred fifty thousand dollars, as determined by the court.

(2) In any such action in which the award for future damages is one hundred fifty thousand dollars or less, present value, the trial judge may order that awards for future damages be paid by periodic payments.
C.R.S. § 13-62.1-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62.1 / Section 13-62.1-116
13-62.1-116. Severability clause
Status: in_force

13-62.1-116. Severability clause. If any provision of this article or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this article which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this article are severable.
C.R.S. § 13-5.7-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.7 / Part 1 / Section 13-5.7-103
13-5.7-103. Colorado access to justice commission - creation - membership - operation
Status: in_force

13-5.7-103. Colorado access to justice commission - creation - membership - operation. (1) There is created the Colorado access to justice commission, which has the powers and duties specified in this article 5.7.

(2) (a) The commission consists of:

(I) At least seventeen but no more than twenty voting members, as follows:

(A) At least eight but no more than ten members appointed by the Colorado bar association;

(B) At least three but no more than four members appointed by the chief justice of the supreme court of Colorado;

(C) One member appointed by the governor;

(D) One member appointed by the president of the Colorado senate;

(E) One member appointed by the speaker of the Colorado house of representatives;

(F) One member appointed by Colorado Legal Services, a nonprofit agency, or its successor agency;

(G) One member appointed by the Colorado Lawyer Trust Account Foundation, or its successor agency; and

(H) One member appointed by the Legal Aid Foundation of Colorado, or its successor agency; and

(II) At least four nonvoting, ex officio members, including:

(A) The Colorado supreme court justice liaison;

(B) The executive director of Colorado Legal Services, or its successor agency;

(C) The executive director of the Legal Aid Foundation of Colorado, or its successor agency; and

(D) A representative of the Colorado attorney general appointed by the chair of the commission.

(b) Nothing in this subsection (2) prevents the chair of the commission from creating nonvoting emeritus positions for long-serving, retiring commissioners.

(c) The appointing authorities shall name the initial members to the commission by September 1, 2023. Members of the commission serve three-year terms and may be reappointed by their appointing authority for an additional two terms. Members of the commission may be removed by their respective appointing authorities for cause. If a vacancy occurs on the commission, the appointing authority for the member whose position is vacated shall appoint a member to fill the vacant position.

(d) The commission shall select a chair and vice-chair of the commission from its membership.

(3) Members of the commission serve without compensation but may be reimbursed for their actual and necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their official duties as members of the commission.

(4) The commission may establish bylaws as appropriate for its effective operation.

(5) The chair of the commission shall establish a schedule for commission meetings. The commission shall meet at least once every three months.

(6) Members of the commission, staff, and consultants are not liable for any act or omission in their official capacity performed in good faith in accordance with this article 5.7.
C.R.S. § 13-21-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-102
13-21-102. Exemplary damages
Status: repealed

13-21-102. Exemplary damages. (1) (a) In all civil actions in which damages are assessed by a jury for a wrong done to the person or to personal or real property, and the injury complained of is attended by circumstances of fraud, malice, or willful and wanton conduct, the jury, in addition to the actual damages sustained by such party, may award him reasonable exemplary damages. The amount of such reasonable exemplary damages shall not exceed an amount which is equal to the amount of the actual damages awarded to the injured party.

(b) As used in this section, "willful and wanton conduct" means conduct purposefully committed which the actor must have realized as dangerous, done heedlessly and recklessly, without regard to consequences, or of the rights and safety of others, particularly the plaintiff.

(1.5) (a) A claim for exemplary damages in an action governed by this section may not be included in any initial claim for relief. A claim for exemplary damages in an action governed by this section may be allowed by amendment to the pleadings only after the exchange of initial disclosures pursuant to rule 26 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure and the plaintiff establishes prima facie proof of a triable issue. After the plaintiff establishes the existence of a triable issue of exemplary damages, the court may, in its discretion, allow additional discovery on the issue of exemplary damages as the court deems appropriate.

(b) The provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (1.5) shall not apply to any civil action or arbitration proceeding described in section 13-21-203 (3)(c) or 13-64-302.5 (3).

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1) of this section, the court may reduce or disallow the award of exemplary damages to the extent that:

(a) The deterrent effect of the damages has been accomplished; or

(b) The conduct which resulted in the award has ceased; or

(c) The purpose of such damages has otherwise been served.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1) of this section, the court may increase any award of exemplary damages, to a sum not to exceed three times the amount of actual damages, if it is shown that:

(a) The defendant has continued the behavior or repeated the action which is the subject of the claim against the defendant in a willful and wanton manner, either against the plaintiff or another person or persons, during the pendency of the case; or

(b) The defendant has acted in a willful and wanton manner during the pendency of the action in a manner which has further aggravated the damages of the plaintiff when the defendant knew or should have known such action would produce aggravation.

(4) Repealed.

(5) Unless otherwise provided by law, exemplary damages shall not be awarded in administrative or arbitration proceedings, even if the award or decision is enforced or approved in an action commenced in a court.

(6) In any civil action in which exemplary damages may be awarded, evidence of the income or net worth of a party shall not be considered in determining the appropriateness or amount of such damages.
C.R.S. § 13-21-802 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 8 / Section 13-21-802
13-21-802. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-21-802. Legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly hereby declares that the purpose of this part 8 is:

(a) To provide a civil remedy for damages to persons in this state injured as a result of the use of an illegal drug;

(b) To shift, to the extent possible, the cost of damage caused by the market for illegal drugs in the state to those who illegally profit from that market; and

(c) To deter those who have not yet entered into the distribution market for illegal drugs by establishing the prospect of substantial monetary loss.
C.R.S. § 13-17-304 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 3 / Section 13-17-304
13-17-304. Limitation on contingent fees - applicability
Status: in_force

13-17-304. Limitation on contingent fees - applicability. (1) (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (2) and (3) of this section, and notwithstanding any other provision of law, a contingent fee contract between a governmental entity and a private attorney shall:

(I) Require the private attorney to maintain and provide to the governmental entity on a monthly basis a contemporaneous record of the hours of legal services provided by individual attorneys, the nature of such services, and any court costs incurred during each month and in the aggregate from the effective date of the contingent fee contract;

(II) Require the private attorney, upon the successful resolution of the matter for which the private attorney was retained, to provide to the governmental entity a statement of the hours of legal services provided by attorneys, the nature of such services, the amount of court costs incurred, the total amount of the contingent fee, and the average hourly rate for legal services provided by attorneys; and

(III) Specify an alternative hourly rate, not to exceed one thousand dollars per hour, at which the attorney shall be compensated in the event that the statement provided by the attorney indicates an average hourly rate for legal services provided by attorneys of more than one thousand dollars per hour.

(b) The average hourly rate for legal services provided by attorneys shall be determined by dividing the amount of the contingent fee, less the amount of court costs incurred if said amount is part of the contingent fee, by the number of hours of legal services provided by attorneys. Clerical work, including but not limited to transcription, photocopying, and document filing and organization, shall not be considered legal services provided by attorneys even if an attorney performs such work.

(2) The limitations and requirements of subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any contingent fee contract entered into by a governmental entity prior to August 6, 2003.

(3) The limitations and requirements of subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any contingent fee contract entered into by a governmental entity if the contract is for legal services performed by an attorney in connection with the collection of debts or taxes owed to a governmental entity and was entered into pursuant to section 23-3.1-104 (1)(f) or (2)(i), 23-5-113 (1), 24-30-202.4, or 39-21-114, C.R.S., or any other statutory provision that expressly authorizes or requires the payment of a portion of the moneys collected to an attorney retained to collect such debts or taxes.

(4) Compliance with this part 3 does not relieve a contracting attorney of any obligation or legal responsibility imposed by the Colorado rules of professional conduct or any provision of law.
C.R.S. § 13-21-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-101
13-21-101. Interest on damages
Status: in_force

13-21-101. Interest on damages. (1) In all actions brought to recover damages for personal injuries sustained by any person resulting from or occasioned by the tort of any other person, corporation, association, or partnership, whether by negligence or by willful intent of the other person, corporation, association, or partnership and whether the injury has resulted fatally or otherwise, it is lawful for the plaintiff in the complaint to claim interest on the damages alleged from the date the suit is filed; and, on and after July 1, 1979, it is lawful for the plaintiff in the complaint to claim interest on the damages claimed from the date the action accrued. When such interest is claimed, it is the duty of the court in entering judgment for the plaintiff in the action to add to the amount of damages assessed by the verdict of the jury, or found by the court, interest on the amount calculated at the rate of nine percent per annum on actions filed on or after July 1, 1975, and at the legal rate on actions filed prior to such date, and calculated from the date the suit was filed to the date of satisfying the judgment and to include the same in the judgment. On actions filed on or after July 1, 1979, the calculation must include compounding of interest annually from the date the suit was filed. On and after January 1, 1983, if a judgment for money in an action brought to recover damages for personal injuries is appealed by the judgment debtor, postjudgment interest must be calculated on the sum at the rate set forth in subsections (3) and (4) of this section from the date of judgment through the date of satisfying the judgment and must include compounding of interest annually.

(2) (a) If a judgment for money in an action brought to recover damages for personal injuries is appealed by a judgment debtor and the judgment is affirmed, postjudgment interest, as set out in subsections (3) and (4) of this section, is payable from the date of judgment through the date of satisfying the judgment.

(b) If a judgment for money in an action to recover damages for personal injuries is appealed by a judgment debtor and the judgment is modified or reversed with a direction that a judgment for money be entered in the trial court, postjudgment interest, as set out in subsections (3) and (4) of this section, is payable from the date of judgment through the date of satisfying the judgment. This postjudgment interest is payable on the amount of the final judgment.

(3) The rate of postjudgment interest must be certified on each January 1 by the secretary of state to be two percentage points above the discount rate, which discount rate must be the rate of interest a commercial bank pays to the federal reserve bank of Kansas City using a government bond or other eligible paper as security, and rounded to the nearest full percent. Such annual rate of interest must be established as of December 31, 1982, to become effective January 1, 1983. Thereafter, as of December 31 of each year, the annual rate of interest must be established in the same manner, effective on January 1 of the following year.

(4) The rate at which postjudgment interest accrues during each year is the rate which the secretary of state has certified as the annual interest rate pursuant to subsection (3) of this section.
C.R.S. § 13-3-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-116
13-3-116. Restorative justice coordinating council - establishment - membership
Status: repealed

13-3-116. Restorative justice coordinating council - establishment - membership. (1) (a) A council to provide assistance and education related to restorative justice programs is hereby established. The council shall be known as the "restorative justice coordinating council" and shall be established in the state judicial department within the office of the state court administrator. To the extent that resources permit, the restorative justice coordinating council shall support the development of restorative justice programs, serve as a central repository for information, assist in the development and provision of related education and training, and provide technical assistance to entities engaged in or wishing to develop restorative justice programs.

(b) In order to assess the efficacy of restorative justice practices in providing satisfaction to participants, the council shall develop a uniform restorative justice satisfaction evaluation by September 1, 2013. The evaluation must be based on research principles. The evaluation must include a preconference questionnaire for the offender and participating victims, if practicable, to establish a baseline and a postconference questionnaire that is suitable to administer to restorative justice participants, including community members, participating victims, and offenders.

(c) (I) The council shall develop a database of existing restorative justice programs in the state by December 31, 2013, and update it annually by December 31 of each year.

(II) The database must consist of the following information:

(A) The location of the restorative justice program;

(B) The types of restorative justice practices used in the program and the costs and fees associated with the practices; and

(C) The background, training, and restorative justice experience of the facilitators in the restorative justice program.

(d) Repealed.

(2) The restorative justice coordinating council includes, at a minimum, the following:

(a) A member who represents a statewide juvenile justice council who shall be appointed by the executive director of the department of public safety;

(b) A representative from the division of youth services in the department of human services who is appointed by the executive director of the department of human services;

(c) A representative from the department of public safety who shall be appointed by the executive director of the department of public safety;

(d) A representative from the judicial department who shall be appointed by the state court administrator;

(e) Two representatives from a statewide organization or organizations whose primary purpose is related to the development and implementation of restorative justice programs and who shall be appointed by the executive director of the department of public safety;

(f) A district attorney with juvenile justice experience who shall be appointed by the executive director of the Colorado district attorneys' council;

(g) A victim's representative within the judicial department with restorative justice experience who shall be appointed by the state court administrator;

(h) A representative from the department of education who shall be appointed by the commissioner of education;

(i) A representative from the state board of parole appointed by the chair of the parole board;

(j) A representative from the department of corrections appointed by the executive director of the department of corrections;

(k) A representative from a nongovernment statewide organization representing victims appointed by the executive director of the department of public safety;

(l) Three restorative justice practitioners appointed by the state court administrator;

(m) A representative of the juvenile parole board appointed by the chair of the juvenile parole board;

(n) The state public defender or his or her designee;

(o) A judge appointed by the chief justice of the Colorado supreme court; and

(p) A representative of law enforcement appointed by the state court administrator based upon a recommendation from the restorative justice coordinating council.

(3) The restorative justice coordinating council shall select a chairperson from among the members of the council who shall serve a term to be determined by the council. The chairperson shall be responsible for convening the council at a frequency that shall be determined by the council.

(4) Members of the restorative justice coordinating council serve without compensation but may be reimbursed for expenses incurred while serving on the council.

(4.5) The restorative justice coordinating council may accept money from trainings and conferences and gifts, grants, or donations from any private or public source for the purpose of supporting restorative justice practices. All private and public money received by the restorative justice coordinating council from gifts, grants, or donations or any other source must be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the restorative justice surcharge fund created pursuant to section 18-25-101, in addition to any money that may be appropriated to the fund directly by the general assembly.

(5) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2017.)
C.R.S. § 13-6-310 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 6 / Part 3 / Section 13-6-310
13-6-310. Appeals from county court
Status: repealed

13-6-310. Appeals from county court. (1) Appeals from final judgments and decrees of the county courts shall be taken to the district court for the judicial district in which the county court entering such judgment is located. Appeals shall be based upon the record made in the county court.

(2) The district court shall review the case on the record on appeal and affirm, reverse, remand, or modify the judgment; except that the district court, in its discretion, may remand the case for a new trial with such instructions as it may deem necessary, or it may direct that the case be tried de novo before the district court.

(3) Repealed.

(4) Further appeal to the supreme court from a determination of the district court in a matter appealed to such court from the county court may be made only upon writ of certiorari issued in the discretion of the supreme court and pursuant to such rules as that court may promulgate.
C.R.S. § 13-1-202 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 2 / Section 13-1-202
13-1-202. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-1-202. Definitions. As used in this part 2, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Commission" means the court security cash fund commission created in section 13-1-203.

(2) "Fund" means the court security cash fund created in section 13-1-204.

(3) "Local security team" means a group of individuals from a county that oversees issues of court security for the county and that includes, at a minimum, the chief judge of the district court in the county or his or her designee, the sheriff or his or her designee, and a county commissioner or county manager or his or her designee.
C.R.S. § 13-22-310 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 3 / Section 13-22-310
13-22-310. Dispute resolution fund - creation - source of funds
Status: in_force

13-22-310. Dispute resolution fund - creation - source of funds. (1) There is hereby created in the state treasury a fund to be known as the dispute resolution fund, which fund shall consist of:

(a) All moneys collected pursuant to section 13-22-305 (3);

(b) Any moneys appropriated by the general assembly for credit to the fund; and

(c) Any moneys collected by the office from federal grants and other contributions, grants, gifts, bequests, and donations.

(2) All moneys in the fund shall be subject to annual appropriation by the general assembly. Any moneys not appropriated shall remain in the fund at the end of any fiscal year and shall not revert to the general fund.
C.R.S. § 13-2-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-124
13-2-124. Publication of reports
Status: in_force

13-2-124. Publication of reports. (1) In lieu of the publication of the opinions of the supreme court and the court of appeals pursuant to section 13-2-122 (1), the supreme court may designate the published volumes of the decisions of the supreme court and the court of appeals, as the same are published by any person, firm, or corporation, to be the official reports of the decisions of the supreme court and the court of appeals. Any publication so designated as the official reports may include both the opinions of the supreme court and the court of appeals in the same volume.

(2) When any law of this state refers to the reports of the supreme court of the state of Colorado, said law shall be construed as referring to the reports in which are also contained the reported opinions of the court of appeals created pursuant to article 4 of this title.

(3) All books, both bound and unbound, and matrices covering the reports of the supreme court and the court of appeals which were published prior to July 1, 1982, and which are in the custody of the supreme court shall remain in the custody of the supreme court for the purpose of sale or replacement, and the supreme court may fix the price at which the prior official reports of the supreme court and the court of appeals are to be sold to the public. The supreme court may replace any lost or destroyed books free of cost if such books were originally distributed free of cost. The supreme court may authorize the reprinting of any prior volumes, the replacement supply of which has become exhausted or insufficient. The supreme court may also contract for the storage of such books and to sell, give away, destroy, or otherwise dispose of any excess books, bound or unbound, which it deems not needed to provide a reasonable replacement supply.
C.R.S. § 13-10-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-104
13-10-104. Municipal court created - jurisdiction
Status: in_force

13-10-104. Municipal court created - jurisdiction. The municipal governing body of each city or town shall create a municipal court to hear and try all alleged violations of ordinance provisions of such city or town.
C.R.S. § 13-20-402 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 4 / Section 13-20-402
13-20-402. Physician to provide information for written informed consent
Status: in_force

13-20-402. Physician to provide information for written informed consent. At any time prior to performance of electroconvulsive treatment, a physician shall provide his patient with sufficient information relating to the proposed electroconvulsive treatment to enable said patient to give written informed consent to the proposed electroconvulsive treatment. The written informed consent shall be given by such patient on a standard written consent form to be prepared by the department of human services and shall be for a maximum number of treatments over a specified period of time.
C.R.S. § 13-93-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 1 / Section 13-93-103
13-93-103. License fee
Status: in_force

13-93-103. License fee. The license fee for admission to practice law in this state shall be as prescribed by the supreme court under rules for admission to the bar.
C.R.S. § 13-9-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-106
13-9-106. Compensation of judges
Status: in_force

13-9-106. Compensation of judges. A probate judge shall receive an annual salary as provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-24-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-118
13-24-118. Waiver and preclusion of privilege
Status: in_force

13-24-118. Waiver and preclusion of privilege. (1) A privilege under section 13-24-117 may be waived in a record or orally during a proceeding if it is expressly waived by all parties and, in the case of the privilege of a nonparty participant, it is also expressly waived by the nonparty participant.

(2) A person that makes a disclosure or representation about a collaborative law communication which prejudices another person in a proceeding may not assert a privilege under section 13-24-117, but this preclusion applies only to the extent necessary for the person prejudiced to respond to the disclosure or representation.
C.R.S. § 13-17.5-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17.5 / Section 13-17.5-104
13-17.5-104. Stay of state judicial proceedings
Status: in_force

13-17.5-104. Stay of state judicial proceedings. If the court determines, during the course of a state civil action by an inmate against any public defendant, that a federal civil action or grievance procedure is pending that involves the inmate and any of the same issues raised in the state civil action, the court shall stay the state civil action until the federal civil action or the grievance procedure is completed and all rights of appeal have been exhausted.
C.R.S. § 13-90-207 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 2 / Section 13-90-207
13-90-207. Requirements to be met prior to commencing proceedings
Status: in_force

13-90-207. Requirements to be met prior to commencing proceedings. (1) Prior to commencing any proceedings pursuant to section 13-90-204 requiring a qualified auxiliary services provider, the following conditions shall be met:

(a) A qualified interpreter shall take an oath that he or she shall make a true interpretation in an understandable manner to the best of his or her skills, but such oath shall only be required if the entity presiding over the proceeding has been given, by statute, the authority to administer such an oath.

(b) The qualified auxiliary services provider shall be in full view and spatially situated to assure effective communication with the person or persons who are deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind.

(c) The appointing authority shall make a reasonable attempt to provide a qualified auxiliary services provider that is effective to the person who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind.
C.R.S. § 13-26-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 26 / Section 13-26-102
13-26-102. Business and public records as evidence
Status: in_force

13-26-102. Business and public records as evidence. If any business, institution, or member of a profession or calling or any department or agency of government in the regular course of business or activity keeps or records any memorandum, writing, entry, print, or representation, or combination thereof, of any act, transaction, occurrence, or event and in the regular course of business has caused any of the same to be recorded, copied, or reproduced by any photographic, photostatic, microfilm, microcard, miniature photographic, optical disk, or other form of mass storage, electronic imaging, electronic data processing, electronically transmitted facsimile, printout, or other reproduction of electronically stored data, or other process which accurately reproduces or forms a durable medium for reproducing the original, the original may be destroyed in the regular course of business unless held in a custodial or fiduciary capacity or unless its preservation is required by law. Such reproduction, when satisfactorily identified, is as admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding whether the original is in existence or not, and an enlargement or facsimile of such reproduction is likewise admissible in evidence if the original reproduction is in existence and available for inspection under direction of court. The introduction of a reproduced record, enlargement, or facsimile does not preclude admission of the original. This shall not be construed to exclude from evidence any document or copy thereof which is otherwise admissible under the rules of evidence.
C.R.S. § 13-2-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-108
13-2-108. Rules of civil procedure
Status: in_force

13-2-108. Rules of civil procedure. The supreme court has the power to prescribe, by general rules, for the courts of record in the state of Colorado the practice and procedure in civil actions and all forms in connection therewith; except that no rules shall be made by the supreme court permitting or allowing trial judges to comment to the jury on the evidence given on the trial. Such rules shall neither abridge, enlarge, nor modify the substantive rights of any litigants. The supreme court shall fix the dates when such rules take effect and the extent to which they apply to proceedings then pending, and thereafter all laws in conflict therewith shall be of no further force or effect.
C.R.S. § 13-73-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 73 / Section 13-73-103
13-73-103. List of prospective jurors - selection - membership - term
Status: in_force

13-73-103. List of prospective jurors - selection - membership - term. The state court administrator, upon receipt of an order of a chief judge of the district court granting a petition to impanel a state grand jury, shall prepare a list of prospective state grand jurors drawn from existing jury lists of the several counties. In preparing the list of prospective state grand jurors, the state court administrator need not include names of jurors from every county within the state, but the state court administrator may select jurors from counties near the county in which the chief judge requesting the list presides. The chief judge granting the order shall impanel the state grand jury from the list compiled by the state court administrator. A state grand jury shall be composed of twelve or twenty-three members, as provided in section 13-72-102, but not more than one-fourth of the members of the state grand jury shall be residents of any one county. The members of the state grand jury shall be selected by the chief judge with the advice of the attorney general. The chief judge may close to the public part or all of the selection process when reasonably necessary to protect the grand jury process or the security of the grand jurors. The length of term served by a state grand jury shall be as provided in section 13-71-120. The court, upon its own motion or at the request of the attorney general, shall enter an order to preserve the confidentiality of all information that might identify state grand jurors when reasonably necessary to protect the state grand jury process or the security of the state grand jurors. In the absence of such an order, upon request, the state court administrator shall make available for inspection by members of the public a list of state grand jurors containing only the state grand jurors' names and juror numbers.
C.R.S. § 13-20-807 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 8 / Section 13-20-807
13-20-807. Express warranty - not affected
Status: in_force

13-20-807. Express warranty - not affected. The provisions of this part 8 are not intended to abrogate or limit the provisions of any express warranty or the obligations of the provider of such warranty. The provisions of this part 8 shall apply to those circumstances where an action is filed asserting one or more claims for relief including a claim for breach of warranty; except that, in any such action, section 13-20-806 (7) shall not apply to breach of express warranty claims except to the extent that provisions of the express warranty purport to waive or limit claims for relief other than the breach of express warranty claim. The provisions of this part 8 shall not be deemed to require a claimant who is the beneficiary of an express warranty to comply with the notice provisions of section 13-20-803.5 to request ordinary warranty service in accordance with the terms of such warranty. A claimant who requires warranty service shall comply with the provisions of such warranty.
C.R.S. § 13-93-312 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-312
13-93-312. Judge not to have law partner
Status: in_force

13-93-312. Judge not to have law partner. A judge shall not have a partner acting as attorney, counsel, or licensed legal paraprofessional in any court in the judge's judicial district, county, municipality, or precinct.
C.R.S. § 13-1-306 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 3 / Section 13-1-306
13-1-306. Legislative review - repeal
Status: in_force

13-1-306. Legislative review - repeal. The underfunded courthouse facility cash fund commission repeals on September 1, 2035. Prior to repeal, the underfunded courthouse facility cash fund commission is subject to review as provided in section 24-34-104.
C.R.S. § 13-55-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 55 / Section 13-55-106
13-55-106. Order or judgment is final
Status: in_force

13-55-106. Order or judgment is final. Any order or judgment entered by the court as provided for by section 13-55-105 is a final judgment or order for the purpose of appellate review.
C.R.S. § 13-40-125.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-125.5
13-40-125.5. Possession pursuant to agreement - enforcement
Status: repealed

13-40-125.5. Possession pursuant to agreement - enforcement. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-5-122 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-122
13-5-122. Twenty-first district
Status: in_force

13-5-122. Twenty-first district. (1) The twenty-first judicial district shall be composed of the county of Mesa.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the twenty-first judicial district shall be four.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2007, the number of judges for the twenty-first judicial district shall be five.

(c) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2019, the number of judges for the twenty-first judicial district is six.
C.R.S. § 13-72-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 72 / Section 13-72-102
13-72-102. Number of jurors
Status: in_force

13-72-102. Number of jurors. A grand jury shall consist of twelve persons, and the assent of nine jurors shall be necessary for the returning of a true bill; but, upon motion of the district attorney and for good cause shown, the court may cause to be convened, impaneled, and sworn a grand jury consisting of twenty-three members, and the assent of twelve members shall be necessary for the returning of a true bill when said grand jury consists of twenty-three members. At any meeting of the grand jury at least nine grand jurors shall constitute a quorum.
C.R.S. § 13-22-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 1 / Section 13-22-104
13-22-104. Transplants and transfusions generally - declaration of policy - limit on liabil
Status: in_force

13-22-104. Transplants and transfusions generally - declaration of policy - limit on liability of minors. (1) The availability of scientific knowledge, skills, and materials for the transplantation, injection, transfusion, or transfer of human tissue, organs, blood, or components thereof is important to the health and welfare of the people of this state. Equally important is the duty of those performing such service or providing such materials to exercise due care under the attending circumstances to the end that those receiving health care will benefit and adverse results therefrom will be minimized by the use of available and proven scientific safeguards. The imposition of legal liability without fault upon the persons and organizations engaged in such scientific procedures may inhibit the exercise of sound medical judgment and restrict the availability of important scientific knowledge, skills, and materials. It is, therefore, the public policy of this state to promote the health and welfare of the people by emphasizing the importance of exercising due care, and by limiting the legal liability arising out of such scientific procedures to instances of negligence or willful misconduct.

(2) The donation, whether for or without valuable consideration, the acquisition, preparation, transplantation, injection, or transfusion of any human tissue, organ, blood, or component thereof for or to a human being is the performance of a medical service and does not, in any way, constitute a sale. No physician, surgeon, hospital, blood bank, tissue bank, or other person or entity who donates, obtains, prepares, transplants, injects, transfuses, or otherwise transfers, or who assists or participates in donating, obtaining, preparing, transplanting, injecting, transfusing, or transferring any tissue, organ, blood, or component thereof from one or more human beings, living or dead, to another living human being for the purpose of therapy or transplantation needed by him for his health or welfare shall be liable for any damages of any kind or description directly or indirectly caused by or resulting from any such activity; except that each such person or entity remains liable for his or its own negligence or willful misconduct.

(3) Any provision of the law to the contrary notwithstanding, any minor who has reached the age of eighteen years may give consent to the donation of his or her blood, organs, or tissue and to the penetration of tissue which is necessary to accomplish such donation. Such consent shall not be subject to disaffirmance because of minority. The consent of the parent, parents, or legal guardian of such a minor shall not be necessary in order to authorize such donation of blood, organs, or tissue and penetration of tissue.

(4) Any provision of the law to the contrary notwithstanding, a minor who is at least sixteen years of age but is less than eighteen years of age may give consent to the donation of his or her blood and to the penetration of tissue that is necessary to accomplish the donation, so long as the minor's parent or legal guardian consents to authorize the donation of the minor's blood and the penetration of tissue. A minor's consent shall not be subject to disaffirmance because of minority.
C.R.S. § 13-51-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-108
13-51-108. Purposes of declaration
Status: in_force

13-51-108. Purposes of declaration. (1) Any person interested as or through an executor, administrator, trustee, guardian, or other fiduciary, creditor, devisee, legatee, heir, next of kin, or cestui que trust in the administration of a trust or of the estate of a decedent, an infant, a mental incompetent, or an insolvent may have a declaration of rights or legal relations in respect thereto:

(a) To ascertain any class of creditors, devisees, legatees, heirs, next of kin, or other; or

(b) To direct the executors, administrators, or trustees to do or abstain from doing any particular act in their fiduciary capacity; or

(c) To determine any question arising in the administration of the estate or trust, including questions of construction of wills and other writings.
C.R.S. § 13-17-203 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 2 / Section 13-17-203
13-17-203. Limitation on attorney fees in class action litigation against public entities
Status: in_force

13-17-203. Limitation on attorney fees in class action litigation against public entities. If the plaintiffs prevail in any class action litigation brought against any public entity, as defined in section 24-10-103 (5), C.R.S., the amount of attorney fees which the plaintiffs' attorney is entitled to receive out of any award to the plaintiffs shall be determined by the court; except that such amount shall not exceed two hundred fifty thousand dollars. Such limitation shall apply where the public entity pays the attorney fees directly to the plaintiffs' attorneys or where the public entity is required to pay the attorney fees indirectly through any program it administers by reducing the benefits or amounts due to the individual plaintiffs.
C.R.S. § 13-90.5-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90.5 / Section 13-90.5-103
13-90.5-103. Issuance of subpoena
Status: in_force

13-90.5-103. Issuance of subpoena. (1) To request issuance of a subpoena under this section, a party must submit a foreign subpoena to the district court for the county in which discovery is sought to be conducted in this state. A request for the issuance of a subpoena under this section does not constitute an appearance in the courts of this state.

(2) When a party submits a foreign subpoena to a clerk of court in this state, the clerk, in accordance with that court's procedure, shall promptly issue a subpoena for service upon the person to which the foreign subpoena is directed.

(3) A subpoena under subsection (2) of this section must:

(a) Incorporate the terms used in the foreign subpoena; and

(b) Contain or be accompanied by the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of all counsel of record in the proceeding to which the subpoena relates and of any party not represented by counsel.
C.R.S. § 13-40-126 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-126
13-40-126. Priority of proceedings
Status: repealed

13-40-126. Priority of proceedings. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-8-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 8 / Section 13-8-103
13-8-103. Jurisdiction
Status: in_force

13-8-103. Jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of the juvenile court of the city and county of Denver is as set forth in sections 19-1-104, 19-2.5-103, and 19-4-109 for juvenile courts, as defined in section 19-1-103.
C.R.S. § 13-17-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 1 / Section 13-17-105
13-17-105. Stipulation as to fees
Status: in_force

13-17-105. Stipulation as to fees. With the approval of the court, two or more parties to an action may agree, by written stipulation filed with the court or by oral stipulation in open court, to no award of attorney fees or licensed legal paraprofessional fees or an award of attorney fees or licensed legal paraprofessional fees in a manner different from that provided in this article 17.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1202 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 12 / Section 13-21-1202
13-21-1202. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-21-1202. Legislative declaration. The general assembly hereby declares that the purpose of this part 12 is to provide an appropriate civil remedy to a woman who suffers an unlawful termination of her pregnancy, without establishing the legal personhood of an unborn human being.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1405 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 14 / Section 13-21-1405
13-21-1405. Plaintiff's privacy
Status: in_force

13-21-1405. Plaintiff's privacy. (1) In an action under this part 14:

(a) A plaintiff may proceed using a pseudonym in place of the true name of the plaintiff;

(b) The court may exclude or redact from all pleadings and documents filed in the action other identifying characteristics of the plaintiff;

(c) A plaintiff to whom subsection (1)(a) or (1)(b) of this section applies shall file with the court and serve on the defendant a confidential information form that includes the excluded or redacted plaintiff's name and other identifying characteristics; and

(d) The court may make further orders as necessary to protect the identity and privacy of a plaintiff.
C.R.S. § 13-5-123 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-123
13-5-123. Twenty-second district
Status: in_force

13-5-123. Twenty-second district. (1) The twenty-second judicial district shall be composed of the counties of Dolores and Montezuma.

(2) (a) The number of judges for the twenty-second judicial district shall be one.

(b) Subject to available appropriations, effective July 1, 2007, the number of judges for the twenty-second judicial district shall be two.
C.R.S. § 13-62.1-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62.1 / Section 13-62.1-105
13-62.1-105. Determining amount of the money of certain contract claims
Status: in_force

13-62.1-105. Determining amount of the money of certain contract claims. (1) If an amount contracted to be paid in a foreign money is measured by a specified amount of a different money, the amount to be paid is determined on the conversion date.

(2) If an amount contracted to be paid in a foreign money is to be measured by a different money at the rate of exchange prevailing on a date before default, that rate of exchange applies only to payments made within a reasonable time after default, not exceeding thirty days. Thereafter, conversion is made at the bank-offered spot rate on the conversion date.

(3) A monetary claim is neither usurious nor unconscionable because the agreement on which it is based provides that the amount of the debtor's obligation to be paid in the debtor's money, when received by the creditor, must equal a specified amount of the foreign money of the country of the creditor. If, because of unexcused delay in payment of a judgment or award, the amount received by the creditor does not equal the amount of the foreign money specified in the agreement, the court or arbitrator shall amend the judgment or award accordingly.
C.R.S. § 13-54.5-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54.5 / Section 13-54.5-110
13-54.5-110. No discharge from employment for any garnishment - general prohibition
Status: in_force

13-54.5-110. No discharge from employment for any garnishment - general prohibition. (1) No employer shall discharge an employee for the reason that a creditor of the employee has subjected or attempted to subject unpaid earnings of the employee to any garnishment or like proceeding directed to the employer for the purpose of paying any judgment.

(2) If an employer discharges an employee in violation of the provisions of this section, the employee may, within ninety-one days, bring a civil action for the recovery of wages lost as a result of the violation and for an order requiring the reinstatement of the employee. Damages recoverable shall be lost wages not to exceed six weeks, costs, and reasonable attorney fees.
C.R.S. § 13-93-306 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-306
13-93-306. Supreme court may strike name
Status: in_force

13-93-306. Supreme court may strike name. An individual who is not listed in the roll created pursuant to section 13-93-305 shall not be admitted to practice as a licensed legal paraprofessional within this state and is subject to the penalty described in section 13-93-309. The justices of the supreme court in open court, at the justices' discretion, may strike the name of any licensed legal paraprofessional from the roll for malconduct in the legal paraprofessional's office.
C.R.S. § 13-25-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-112
13-25-112. Fees of recorder
Status: in_force

13-25-112. Fees of recorder. The fees of the recorder of deeds for the record of such patents are the same as fixed for the record of deeds.
C.R.S. § 13-24-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-103
13-24-103. Applicability
Status: in_force

13-24-103. Applicability. This article 24 applies to a collaborative law participation agreement that meets the requirements of section 13-24-104 signed on or after January 1, 2022.
C.R.S. § 13-1-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-108
13-1-108. Judge may order adjournment
Status: in_force

13-1-108. Judge may order adjournment. When in the opinion of the judge of any district or county court it is unnecessary or inadvisable to hold or convene any term of court fixed by statute, he may by an order in writing signed by him and filed with the clerk of such court adjourn the same sine die, or to a day certain, and the judges of said courts respectively have power to adjourn said courts, from time to time as may seem advisable, by written order signed and filed with the clerk of the court which may be so adjourned.
C.R.S. § 13-2-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-113
13-2-113. Fees of clerk of supreme court
Status: in_force

13-2-113. Fees of clerk of supreme court. Except for the court of appeals docket fees, the supreme court is authorized to fix such fees for the services of the clerk of said court, in causes pending therein, as to the court seems proper, such fees to be paid by the parties to a cause pursuant to law and the order of the court.
C.R.S. § 13-54-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 54 / Section 13-54-103
13-54-103. No exemption for purchase price
Status: in_force

13-54-103. No exemption for purchase price. None of the property described in section 13-54-102 shall be exempt from levy and sale on writ of attachment or writ of execution for the purchase price of such property.
C.R.S. § 13-91-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 91 / Section 13-91-102
13-91-102. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-91-102. Legislative declaration. (1) (a) The general assembly hereby finds that the legal representation of and non-legal advocacy on behalf of children is a critical element in giving children a voice in the Colorado court system. The general assembly further finds that the representation of children is unique in that children often have no resources with which to retain the services of an attorney or advocate, they are unable to efficiently provide or communicate to such an attorney or advocate the information needed to effectively serve the best interests or desires of that child, and they lack the ability and understanding to effectively evaluate and, if necessary, complain about the quality of representation they receive. Accordingly, the general assembly finds that the representation of children necessitates significant expertise as well as a substantial investment in time and fiscal resources. The general assembly finds that, to date, the state has been sporadic, at best, in the provision of qualified services and financial resources to this disadvantaged and voiceless population.

(b) Accordingly, the general assembly hereby determines and declares that it is in the best interests of the children of the state of Colorado, in order to reduce needless expenditures, establish enhanced funding resources, and improve the quality of representation and advocacy provided to children in the Colorado court system, that an office of the child's representative be established in the state judicial department.

(2) It is the intent of the general assembly that an office of the child's representative shall be established pursuant to this article and operational over the course of a two-year period. It is further the intent of the general assembly that a board and a director of the office shall be appointed as specified in section 13-91-104 and that the operational structure of the office shall be established during fiscal year 2000-01. The costs associated with the establishment of the office, including the associated FTE, shall be paid for by a transfer from the state judicial, trial courts, mandated costs line item. In addition, it is the intent of the general assembly that, for fiscal year 2001-02 and fiscal years thereafter, an appropriation shall be made to the office of the child's representative in the state judicial department for the purpose of payment of all financial obligations previously covered by the judicial department, trial courts, mandated costs line item relating to the provision of those legal services to children that are addressed in this article.
C.R.S. § 13-100-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 100 / Section 13-100-101
13-100-101. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-100-101. Legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly finds, determines, and declares that:

(a) The provision of administrative support services for independent agencies created in the judicial department and associated appropriations should be as efficient as possible;

(b) Since 2015, five additional independent agencies, not including the office of administrative services for independent agencies, have been added to the judicial department. Since their inception, none of these five independent agencies and the independent ethics commission, established in 2007, have received direct appropriations or other direct funding necessary to deliver internal support of the administrative services outlined in section 13-100-103 (8)(a).

(c) The intent of the general assembly when creating each independent agency was that the judicial department, through the office of the state court administrator, could most efficiently provide centralized administrative support services to the independent agencies. However, the judicial department has increasingly limited or restricted administrative support services to these independent agencies, and the independent agencies have not received access to statewide systems and structures of support that are generally provided to state programs.

(d) It is critical that the office of administrative services for independent agencies be established for the provision of centralized administrative support services for current and future independent agencies that are in need of administrative support from the office of administrative services for independent agencies. Furthermore, it is imperative that the judicial department, through the office of the state court administrator, provide these administrative support services for the office of administrative services for independent agencies and the included agencies until the transition of services is complete, and effectively partner with the office of administrative services for independent agencies and support the transition of services described in this article 100 until the transition of services is complete.
C.R.S. § 13-90-202 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 2 / Section 13-90-202
13-90-202. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-90-202. Definitions. As used in this part 2, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Appointing authority" means the presiding officer or similar official of any court, board, commission, agency, or licensing or law enforcement authority of the state.

(2) "Assistive listening device" means an amplification system that operates in conjunction with a hearing aid to increase the volume of sounds for the hearing aid only.

(3) "Auxiliary services" means those aids and services that assist in effective communication with a person who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind, including:

(a) The services of a qualified interpreter;

(b) The provision of a qualified communication access realtime translation (CART) reporter;

(c) The provision of an assistive listening device; or

(d) The acquisition or modification of equipment or devices to assist in effective communication with a person who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind.

(4) "Commission" means the Colorado commission for the deaf, hard of hearing, and deafblind in the department of human services created in section 26-21-104.

(5) "Communication access realtime translation (CART) reporter" means a word-for-word speech-to-text translation service for the deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind.

(6) "Deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind" means a person who has a functional hearing loss of sufficient severity to prevent aural comprehension, even with the assistance of hearing aids.

(7) "Effective communication" means those methods of communication that are individualized and culturally appropriate to a person who is deaf, hard of hearing, or deafblind so that he or she can easily access all auditory information.

(8) "Qualified interpreter" means a person who has a valid certification of competency accepted by the commission and includes, but is not limited to, oral interpreters, sign language interpreters, and intermediary interpreters.

(9) "State court system" means the system of courts, or any part thereof, established pursuant to articles 1 to 9 of this title 13 and article VI of the state constitution. "State court system" does not include the municipal courts or any part thereof.
C.R.S. § 13-85-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 85 / Section 13-85-104
13-85-104. Appellate review of certain actions entitled to priority
Status: in_force

13-85-104. Appellate review of certain actions entitled to priority. Appellate review in the district court, court of appeals, and supreme court of those actions entitled to priority pursuant to section 13-85-103 shall be entitled to priority in said courts.
C.R.S. § 13-22-701 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 7 / Section 13-22-701
13-22-701. Short title
Status: in_force

13-22-701. Short title. The short title of this part 7 is the "Colorado Parental Notification Act".
C.R.S. § 13-1-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-109
13-1-109. Court may appoint trustee
Status: in_force

13-1-109. Court may appoint trustee. In all actions in any court of record of this state wherein any defendant is not found within the jurisdiction of the court and constructive service alone is had, and which is brought for the enforcement of an express, implied, or resulting trust, or for the removal of cloud from title to real estate, or for specific performance, or for the establishment of a lost or destroyed deed, conveyance, or instrument in writing, or for the establishment and proof of any conveyance, deed, or instrument in writing not properly proved and acknowledged, or in any other proceeding in rem, or affecting only specific property, where, according to the usual practice in courts of chancery, the court, if the defendant had been personally served, might direct or decree any act to be done or performed by the defendant in favor of plaintiff, the court may appoint a trustee for such defendant to do and perform in the place and stead of and for such defendant the acts required by the decree rendered in any such cause. Any act lawfully done by such trustee, under and in pursuance of any such decree, shall be as binding and effectual for all purposes as if done and performed by the defendant in pursuance of such decree.
C.R.S. § 13-55-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 55 / Section 13-55-108
13-55-108. Damages
Status: in_force

13-55-108. Damages. If, after hearing of claim of exemption, the court determines that the property levied upon and seized, or any part thereof, is exempt and the officer making the levy in all matters obeys and abides by the order or judgment of the court, no right of action for other than actual damages suffered by the defendant shall exist against said officer or the plaintiff on account of such levy or seizure upon the ground of levying upon or seizure of exempt property. If such officer does not return the property seized and so found to be exempt within forty-eight hours, unless same is ordered sold as provided in section 13-55-109, then he is liable in damages for three times the value of the property seized.
C.R.S. § 13-21-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-103
13-21-103. Damages for selling liquor to an intoxicated person
Status: in_force

13-21-103. Damages for selling liquor to an intoxicated person. Every husband, wife, child, parent, guardian, employer, or other person who is injured in person, or property, or means of support by any intoxicated person, or in consequence of the intoxication of any person, has a right of action, in his or her name, against any person who, by selling or giving away intoxicating liquors to any habitually intoxicated person or person with an alcohol use disorder, causes the intoxication, in whole or in part, of such habitually intoxicated person or person with an alcohol use disorder; and all damages recovered by a minor pursuant to this section must be paid either to the minor or to his or her parent, guardian, or next friend, as the court directs. The unlawful sale or giving away of intoxicating liquors works a forfeiture of all rights of the lessee or tenant under any lease or contract of rent upon the premises. Liability must not accrue against any such person as provided unless the husband, wife, child, parent, guardian, or employer first, by written or printed notice, has notified such person, or his or her agents or employees, not to sell or give away any intoxicating liquors to any habitually intoxicated person or person with an alcohol use disorder.
C.R.S. § 13-93-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 1 / Section 13-93-109
13-93-109. Special admission of counselors from other states
Status: in_force

13-93-109. Special admission of counselors from other states. Whenever any counselor-at-law residing in any of the adjacent states or territories has business in any of the courts of this state, he or she may be admitted, on motion, for the purpose of transacting such business and none other.
C.R.S. § 13-64-206 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-206
13-64-206. Periodic installment obligations
Status: in_force

13-64-206. Periodic installment obligations. (1) A judgment for periodic payments under this part 2 shall provide that:

(a) Such periodic payments are fixed and determinable as to amount and time of payment;

(b) Such periodic payments cannot be accelerated, deferred, increased, or decreased by the recipient of such payments; and

(c) The recipient of such payments shall be a general creditor of the qualified insurer.

(2) Unless the court directs otherwise and the parties otherwise agree, payments shall be scheduled at one-month intervals. Payments for damages accruing during the scheduled intervals are due at the beginning of the intervals. For good cause shown, the court may direct that periodic payments shall continue for an initial term of years notwithstanding the death of the judgment creditor during that term.

(3) Money damages awarded for loss of future earnings shall not be reduced or payments terminated by reason of the death of the judgment creditor. Any such remaining periodic payments shall be paid to the heirs and devisees of the judgment creditor. Payments for future damages other than loss of future earnings shall cease at the death of the judgment creditor.
C.R.S. § 13-21-123 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-123
13-21-123. Civil liability for newspaper theft
Status: repealed

13-21-123. Civil liability for newspaper theft. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-5-134 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-134
13-5-134. Juries
Status: in_force

13-5-134. Juries. Jurors may be summoned and empaneled for each of the judges sitting separately as though each were the sole court.
C.R.S. § 13-32-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 32 / Section 13-32-111
13-32-111. Refund by decree of court - when
Status: in_force

13-32-111. Refund by decree of court - when. If any such moneys have been paid into the state general fund and a claimant appears therefor, if the court upon consideration of the circumstances finds that such claim is valid and should be paid, in that event the state shall refund the same unto the claimant as required by the decree of court.
C.R.S. § 13-20-1301 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 13 / Section 13-20-1301
13-20-1301. Actions for tracking a person without consent - definitions
Status: in_force

13-20-1301. Actions for tracking a person without consent - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Actor" means a person who tracks another person through the use of a tracking application or tracking device.

(b) "Tracking application" means any software program that permits an actor to remotely determine or track the position or movement of another person or another person's property.

(c) "Tracking device" means an electronic or mechanical device that permits an actor to remotely determine or track the position or movement of another person or another person's personal property.

(2) (a) A person who was tracked by means of a tracking device or tracking application may bring a claim for damages, including noneconomic loss or injury, against the actor who installed a tracking device on the person's personal property without the person's consent or who caused a tracking device or tracking application to track the position or movement of the person or person's personal property without the person's consent. An actor is liable to the extent the actor's conduct was the proximate cause of the harm caused by the tracking device or tracking application.

(b) A person who has given consent for an actor to install a tracking device or tracking application on the consenting person's personal property may revoke the consent at any time and may bring a claim pursuant to this section for tracking that occurred after the person revoked consent.

(3) Notwithstanding subsection (2) of this section, a person shall not bring a claim against a law enforcement agency or peace officer for actions taken as part of a criminal investigation; a peace officer acting within the scope of the peace officer's official duties; a public highway authority, created pursuant to part 5 of article 4 of title 43, acting within the scope of its authority to collect tolls; the high performance transportation enterprise created in section 43-4-806 acting within the scope of its authority to collect tolls and enforce toll and safety violations; or a parent or legal guardian of a minor child for tracking the minor child.
C.R.S. § 13-91-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 91 / Section 13-91-103
13-91-103. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-91-103. Definitions. As used in this article 91, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Child" means a person under eighteen years of age.

(2) "Contract entity" means a nonprofit entity with which the state judicial department may contract for the coordination and support of CASA activities in the state of Colorado.

(2.5) "Counsel for youth" means an attorney-at-law who provides specialized client-directed legal representation for a child or youth and who owes the same duties, including undivided loyalty, confidentiality, and competent representation, to the child or youth as is due an adult client. Counsel for youth may be appointed by the court to represent a child or youth in a proceeding pursuant to article 1, 3, or 7 of title 19, or may be assigned by the office of the child's representative pursuant to article 7 of title 19. "Counsel for youth" does not mean defense counsel for a juvenile pursuant to article 2.5 of title 19.

(3) "Court-appointed special advocate" or "CASA volunteer" means a trained volunteer appointed by the court pursuant to the provisions of part 2 of article 1 of title 19, section 14-10-116, or title 15 in a judicial district to aid the court by providing independent and objective information, as directed by the court, regarding children and youth involved in actions brought pursuant to section 14-10-116 or title 15 or 19.

(4) "Guardian ad litem" or "GAL" means a person appointed by a court to act in the best interests of a child involved in a proceeding under title 19, C.R.S., or the "School Attendance Law of 1963", set forth in article 33 of title 22, C.R.S., and who, if appointed to represent a child in a dependency or neglect proceeding pursuant to article 3 of title 19, C.R.S., shall be an attorney-at-law licensed to practice in Colorado.

(5) "Local CASA program" means a CASA program established pursuant to part 2 of article 1 of title 19, C.R.S.

(6) "Representative of a child" means an attorney appointed by a court pursuant to section 14-10-116, C.R.S., to represent the best interests of a minor or dependent child.

(7) "Youth" means an individual who is less than twenty-one years of age or such greater age of foster care eligibility as required by federal law.
C.R.S. § 13-21-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-106
13-21-106. Broadcasting defamatory statements
Status: in_force

13-21-106. Broadcasting defamatory statements. The owner, licensee, or operator of a visual or sound radio broadcasting station or network of stations and the agent or employees of any such owner, licensee, or operator shall not be liable for any damages for any defamatory statement published or uttered in or as a part of a visual or sound radio broadcast by one other than such owner, licensee, or operator, or agent or employee thereof, if, in any action brought to recover such damages, such owner, licensee, or operator, or agent or employee thereof, alleges and proves that he exercised due care to prevent the publication or utterance of such statement in such broadcast; except that, in no event shall any owner, licensee, or operator, or the agents or employees thereof, be held liable for any damages for any defamatory statement uttered over the facilities of such station or network of stations by any candidate for public office or by any other person speaking for, or on behalf of, any candidate for public office where, by any federal law, rule, or regulation censorship of such political statements in advance of such utterance or publication is prohibited.
C.R.S. § 13-9-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 9 / Section 13-9-121
13-9-121. Funds
Status: in_force

13-9-121. Funds. Funds for the operation of the probate court, including the salaries of the employees thereof, shall be provided in the same manner as funds are provided for the establishment and operation of the district courts for the second judicial district.
C.R.S. § 13-64-503 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 5 / Section 13-64-503
13-64-503. Effective date - applicability of part
Status: in_force

13-64-503. Effective date - applicability of part. This part 5 shall take effect July 1, 1988, and shall apply to acts or omissions occurring on or after said date.
C.R.S. § 13-5.3-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.3 / Section 13-5.3-104
13-5.3-104. Commission on judicial discipline special cash fund - acceptance of federal fund
Status: in_force

13-5.3-104. Commission on judicial discipline special cash fund - acceptance of federal funds - general appropriations. (1) The commission is authorized to accept any federal funds made available for any purpose consistent with the provisions of this article 5.3.

(2) Any money received pursuant to this section must be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the commission on judicial discipline special cash fund, which is created in the state treasury.

(3) Any expenses, attorney fees, or costs recovered pursuant to this article 5.3 must be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the fund.

(4) Money in the fund is continuously appropriated to the commission for the purposes specified in subsection (6) of this section.

(5) Any interest derived from the deposit and investment of money in the fund is credited to the fund. Any unexpended and unencumbered money remaining in the fund at the end of any fiscal year remains in the fund and is not credited or transferred to the general fund or another fund.

(6) Money in the fund may be used for payment of the expenses for evaluations, investigations, formal proceedings, or special projects that the commission has determined are to be undertaken by personnel other than or in addition to those employed by the office.

(7) For the state fiscal year 2022-23, the general assembly shall appropriate from the general fund to the fund four hundred thousand dollars. In each subsequent fiscal year, the general assembly shall appropriate sufficient money to the fund so that it begins the fiscal year with not less than four hundred thousand dollars.
C.R.S. § 13-21-402 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 4 / Section 13-21-402
13-21-402. Innocent seller
Status: in_force

13-21-402. Innocent seller. (1) No product liability action shall be commenced or maintained against any seller of a product unless said seller is also the manufacturer of said product or the manufacturer of the part thereof giving rise to the product liability action. Nothing in this part 4 shall be construed to limit any other action from being brought against any seller of a product.

(2) If jurisdiction cannot be obtained over a particular manufacturer of a product or a part of a product alleged to be defective, then that manufacturer's principal distributor or seller over whom jurisdiction can be obtained shall be deemed, for the purposes of this section, the manufacturer of the product.
C.R.S. § 13-80-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-113
13-80-113. New promise - effect of payment
Status: in_force

13-80-113. New promise - effect of payment. No acknowledgment or promise shall be evidence of a new or continuing contract sufficient to take a case out of the operation of the statute of limitations, unless it is in writing signed by the party to be charged; but this section shall not alter the effect of a payment of principal or interest.
C.R.S. § 13-62.3-111 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 62.3 / Section 13-62.3-111
13-62.3-111. Transitional provision
Status: in_force

13-62.3-111. Transitional provision. This article 62.3 applies to the registration of a Canadian judgment entered in a proceeding commenced in Canada on or after July 1, 2021.
C.R.S. § 13-94-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 94 / Section 13-94-106
13-94-106. Costs - waiver of court costs and filing fees - bond not required
Status: in_force

13-94-106. Costs - waiver of court costs and filing fees - bond not required. (1) The court shall waive court costs and filing fees in any proceeding in which an indigent and incapacitated adult is receiving public guardianship services from the office and shall waive filing fees for petitions for guardianship filed by the office in a case that involves a person who is eligible for guardianship services from the office.

(2) A court shall not require the office or a guardian employed by the office to post a bond as a condition for appointment as a guardian or to provide services pursuant to this article 94.
C.R.S. § 13-17-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17 / Part 1 / Section 13-17-101
13-17-101. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-17-101. Legislative declaration. The general assembly recognizes that courts of record of this state have become increasingly burdened with litigation which is straining the judicial system and interfering with the effective administration of civil justice. In response to this problem, the general assembly hereby sets forth provisions for the recovery of attorney fees or licensed legal paraprofessional fees in courts of record when the bringing or defense of an action, or part thereof (including any claim for exemplary damages), is determined to have been substantially frivolous, substantially groundless, or substantially vexatious. All courts shall liberally construe the provisions of this article 17 to effectuate substantial justice and comply with the intent set forth in this section.
C.R.S. § 13-1-142 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-142
13-1-142. Probation and parole supervision fee report
Status: in_force

13-1-142. Probation and parole supervision fee report. The state court administrator shall annually report on probation supervision fees assessed in the previous year during its "SMART Act" hearing, required pursuant to section 2-7-203. The report must include information regarding probation supervision fees, the amount of the fee charged per month, how many people were assessed the fee, and the total amount collected. Probation departments shall provide the state court administrator with any information requested by the state court administrator to comply with this section. The department of corrections shall annually report on parole supervision fees assessed in the previous year during its "SMART Act" hearing required pursuant to section 2-7-203. The report must include information regarding parole supervision fees, the amount of the fee charged per month, how many people were assessed the fee, and the total amount collected.
C.R.S. § 13-59-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 59 / Section 13-59-105
13-59-105. Plaintiff to pay costs, unless
Status: repealed

13-59-105. Plaintiff to pay costs, unless. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-51-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 51 / Section 13-51-109
13-51-109. Not a limitation
Status: in_force

13-51-109. Not a limitation. The enumeration in sections 13-51-106 to 13-51-108 does not limit or restrict the exercise of the general powers conferred in section 13-51-105, in any proceeding where declaratory relief is sought, in which a judgment or decree will terminate the controversy or remove an uncertainty.
C.R.S. § 13-4-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-105
13-4-105. Chief judge
Status: in_force

13-4-105. Chief judge. The chief justice of the supreme court shall appoint a judge of the court of appeals to serve as chief judge at the pleasure of the chief justice. The chief judge shall exercise such administrative powers as may be delegated to him by the chief justice.
C.R.S. § 13-5-130 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5 / Part 1 / Section 13-5-130
13-5-130. Reporters to file verified statements
Status: repealed

13-5-130. Reporters to file verified statements. (Repealed)
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-101
13-5.5-101. Legislative declaration
Status: in_force

13-5.5-101. Legislative declaration. (1) It is the intent of the general assembly to provide:

(a) A comprehensive evaluation system of judicial performance;

(b) Information to the people of Colorado regarding the performance of judges and justices throughout the state; and

(c) Transparency and accountability for judges and justices throughout the state of Colorado.

(2) Therefore, the general assembly finds and declares that it is in the public interest and is a matter of statewide concern to:

(a) Provide judges and justices with useful information concerning their own performances, along with training resources to improve judicial performance as necessary;

(b) Establish a comprehensive system of evaluating judicial performance to provide persons voting on the retention of judges and justices with fair, responsible, and constructive information about individual judicial performance;

(c) Establish an independent office on judicial performance evaluation with full authority to implement the provisions of this article 5.5; and

(d) Conduct statewide judicial performance evaluations, as well as judicial performance evaluations within each judicial district, using uniform criteria and procedures pursuant to the provisions of this article 5.5.
C.R.S. § 13-55-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 55 / Section 13-55-107
13-55-107. Failure to claim - effect
Status: in_force

13-55-107. Failure to claim - effect. In case the defendant debtor fails to make written claim of exemption as provided in section 13-55-101, he conclusively waives his right of exemption under the statutes of this state and has no right of action against the officer making such levy or seizure or against the plaintiff on account of such levy or seizure on the ground of levying upon exempt property.
C.R.S. § 13-10-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-114
13-10-114. Trial by jury
Status: in_force

13-10-114. Trial by jury. (1) In any action before municipal court in which the defendant is entitled to a jury trial by the constitution or the general laws of the state, such party shall have a jury upon request. The jury shall consist of three jurors unless, in the case of a trial for a petty offense, a greater number, not to exceed six, is requested by the defendant.

(2) In municipalities having less than five thousand population, juries may be summoned by the issuance of venire to a police officer or marshal. In municipalities having a population of five thousand or more, juries shall be selected from a jury list as is provided for courts of record.

(3) Jurors shall be paid the sum of six dollars per day for actual jury service and three dollars for each day of service on the jury panel alone; except that the governing body of a municipality may, by resolution or ordinance, set higher or lower fees for attending its municipal court.

(4) For the purposes of this section, a defendant waives his or her right to a jury trial under subsection (1) of this section unless, within twenty-one days after entry of a plea, the defendant makes a request to the court for a jury trial, in writing, and tenders to the court a fee of twenty-five dollars, unless the fee is waived by the judge because of the indigence of the defendant. If the action is dismissed or the defendant is acquitted of the charge, or if the defendant having paid the jury fee files with the court at least seven days before the scheduled trial date a written waiver of jury trial, the jury fee shall be refunded.

(5) At the time of arraignment for any petty offense in this state, the judge shall advise any defendant not represented by counsel of the defendant's right to trial by jury; of the requirement that the defendant, if he or she desires to invoke his or her right to trial by jury, request such trial by jury within twenty-one days after entry of a plea, in writing; of the number of jurors allowed by law; and of the requirement that the defendant, if he or she desires to invoke his or her right to trial by jury, tender to the court within twenty-one days after entry of a plea a jury fee of twenty-five dollars, unless the fee is waived by the judge because of the indigence of the defendant.
C.R.S. § 13-64-210 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-210
13-64-210. Exemption of benefits
Status: in_force

13-64-210. Exemption of benefits. Except as provided in section 13-64-209, periodic payments for future damages contained in a judgment entered under this part 2 for loss of earnings are exempt from garnishment, attachment, execution, and any other process or claim to the extent that wages or earnings are exempt.
C.R.S. § 13-90-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-109
13-90-109. Estates of deceased persons, infants, and persons who have been declared mentall
Status: in_force

13-90-109. Estates of deceased persons, infants, and persons who have been declared mentally incompetent. Nothing in this article 90 in any manner affects the laws now existing relating to the settlement of estates of deceased persons, infants, or persons who have been declared mentally incompetent or to the acknowledgment or proof of deeds and other conveyances relating to real estate, in order to entitle the same to be recorded, or to the attestation of the execution of the last wills and testaments or of any other instrument required by law to be attested.
C.R.S. § 13-45-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-103
13-45-103. Hearing - pleadings - discharge
Status: in_force

13-45-103. Hearing - pleadings - discharge. (1) Upon the return of the writ of habeas corpus, a day shall be set for the hearing of the cause of imprisonment or detainer not exceeding five days thereafter, unless the prisoner requests a longer time. The prisoner may deny any of the material facts set forth in the return or may allege any fact to show either that the imprisonment or detention is unlawful or that he is then entitled to his discharge, which allegations or denials shall be made on oath. The return may be amended by leave of the court, before or after the same is filed as also may all suggestions made against it, that thereby all material facts may be ascertained. The court shall proceed in a summary way to settle the facts by hearing the testimony and arguments of all parties interested civilly, if there are any, as well as of the prisoner and the person who holds him in custody and shall dispose of the prisoner as the case may require.

(2) If it appears that the prisoner is in custody by virtue of process from any court legally constituted, he can be discharged only for some of the following causes:

(a) Where the court has exceeded the limit of its jurisdiction, either as to the matter, place, sum, or person;

(b) Where, though the original imprisonment was lawful, yet by some act, omission, or event which has subsequently taken place, the party has become entitled to his discharge;

(c) Where the process is defective in some substantial form required by law;

(d) Where the process, though in proper form, has been issued in a case or under circumstances where the law does not allow process or orders for imprisonment or arrest to issue;

(e) Where, although in proper form, the process has been issued or executed by a person either unauthorized to issue or execute the same or where the person having the custody of the prisoner under such process is not the person empowered by law to detain him;

(f) Where the process appears to have been obtained by false pretense or bribery;

(g) Where there is no general law, nor any judgment, order, or decree of a court to authorize the process, if in a civil suit, nor any conviction if in a criminal proceeding.

(3) No court on the return of a habeas corpus shall inquire into the legality or justice of a judgment or decree of a court legally constituted, in any other manner. In all cases where the imprisonment is for a criminal or supposed criminal matter, if it appears to the court that there is sufficient legal cause for the commitment of the prisoner although such commitment may have been informally made, or without due authority, or the process may have been executed by a person not authorized, the court shall make a new commitment, in proper form and directed to the proper officer, or admit the party to bail if the case is bailable.
C.R.S. § 13-24-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-101
13-24-101. Short title
Status: in_force

13-24-101. Short title. This article 24 may be cited as the "Uniform Collaborative Law Act".
C.R.S. § 13-45-109 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-109
13-45-109. Once discharged - reimprisonment
Status: in_force

13-45-109. Once discharged - reimprisonment. (1) No person who has been discharged by order of a court on a habeas corpus shall be again imprisoned, restrained, or kept in custody for the same cause, unless he is afterwards indicted for the same offense or unless by the legal order or process of the court wherein he is bound by recognizance to appear.

(2) The following shall not be deemed to be the same cause:

(a) If, after a discharge for a defect of proof or on any material defect in the commitment in a criminal case, the prisoner is again arrested on sufficient proof and committed by legal process for the same offense;

(b) If, in a civil suit, the party has been discharged for any illegality in the judgment or process and is afterwards imprisoned by legal process for the same cause of action;

(c) Generally, when the discharge has been ordered on account of the nonobservance of any of the forms required by law, the party may be a second time imprisoned if the cause is legal and the forms required by law observed.
C.R.S. § 13-45-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 45 / Section 13-45-118
13-45-118. Recovery of forfeiture not bar to civil suit
Status: in_force

13-45-118. Recovery of forfeiture not bar to civil suit. The recovery of the said penalties shall not be a bar to a civil suit for damages.
C.R.S. § 13-72-103 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 72 / Section 13-72-103
13-72-103. Selection of jury panel
Status: in_force

13-72-103. Selection of jury panel. In drawing the list of jurors, the court shall select from no less than seventy-five names thereon and from such additional lists of names as the court may order, or from such lesser number as may be called to serve as jurors, the names of either twelve or twenty-three persons who shall constitute a grand jury and four alternate grand jurors. The members of the county grand jury shall be selected by the chief judge with the advice of the district attorney. The court may close to the public part or all of the selection process when reasonably necessary to protect the grand jury process or the security of the grand jurors. The length of term served by a county grand jury shall be as provided in section 13-71-120. The court, upon its own motion or at the request of the district attorney, shall enter an order to preserve the confidentiality of all information that might identify grand jurors when reasonably necessary to protect the grand jury process or the security of the grand jurors. In the absence of such an order, upon request, the jury commissioner shall make available for inspection by members of the public a list of grand jurors containing only the grand jurors' names and juror numbers. The court may strike the name of any juror who appears to the court to be incompetent or unqualified to serve.
C.R.S. § 13-22-506 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 5 / Section 13-22-506
13-22-506. Choice of language
Status: in_force

13-22-506. Choice of language. The parties to any international dispute submitted for alternative dispute resolution pursuant to this part 5 may agree upon the language or languages to be used in the dispute resolution proceedings.
C.R.S. § 13-27-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 27 / Section 13-27-106
13-27-106. Form of unsworn declaration
Status: in_force

13-27-106. Form of unsworn declaration. An unsworn declaration under this article 27 must be in substantially the following form:

I declare under penalty of perjury under the law of Colorado that the foregoing is true and correct.

Executed on the ________ day of ________, ________,

(date) (month) (year)

at ___________________________ __________________

(city or other location, and state or country)

____________________________

(printed name)

____________________________

(signature)
C.R.S. § 13-16-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-113
13-16-113. Costs upon dismissal or summary judgment
Status: in_force

13-16-113. Costs upon dismissal or summary judgment. (1) In all cases where any action is dismissed for irregularity, or is nonprossed or nonsuited by reason that the plaintiff neglects to prosecute the same, the defendant shall have judgment for his costs.

(2) In all actions brought as a result of a death or an injury to person or property occasioned by the tort of any other person, where any such action is dismissed prior to trial under rule 12 (b) of the Colorado rules of civil procedure, the defendant shall have judgment for his costs. This subsection (2) shall not apply if a motion under rule 12 (b)(5) of the Colorado rules of civil procedure is treated as a motion for summary judgment and disposed of as provided in rule 56 of the Colorado rules of civil procedure.
C.R.S. § 13-90-110 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-110
13-90-110. Religious opinions of witness
Status: in_force

13-90-110. Religious opinions of witness. No person shall be deemed incompetent to testify as a witness on account of his opinion in relation to the Supreme Being or a future state of rewards and punishments; nor shall any witness be questioned in regard to his religious opinions.
C.R.S. § 13-1-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-102
13-1-102. Entries in records
Status: in_force

13-1-102. Entries in records. In said indexes, the clerks shall properly enter the title of each cause or matter instituted in said courts and the case number references to the various orders, rulings, judgments, papers, and other proceedings of the court in such cause or matter. Any case number reference may be to a file jacket, page in a record book, microfilm record, or computer record.
C.R.S. § 13-93-310 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 3 / Section 13-93-310
13-93-310. Notice of charges - time to show cause
Status: in_force

13-93-310. Notice of charges - time to show cause. Before a licensed legal paraprofessional's name is stricken off the roll created in section 13-93-305, the clerk of the supreme court shall provide written notice to the licensed legal paraprofessional stating distinctly the grounds of complaint or the charges exhibited against the licensed legal paraprofessional. After receiving the notice, the licensed legal paraprofessional may request a hearing and must be allowed reasonable time to collect and prepare testimony for the licensed legal paraprofessional's defense. Any licensed legal paraprofessional whose name, at any time, is stricken from the roll by order of the court is considered as though the licensed legal paraprofessional's name had never been written on the roll until a time when the justices, in open court, authorize the licensed legal paraprofessional to be listed on the roll.
C.R.S. § 13-10-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-120
13-10-120. Bond - approval of sureties - forfeitures
Status: in_force

13-10-120. Bond - approval of sureties - forfeitures. (1) When an appellant desires to stay the judgment of the municipal court, he shall execute a bond to the municipality in which the municipal court is located, in such penal sum as may be fixed by the municipal court, and in such form and with sureties qualified as the municipality may, by ordinance, designate.

(2) Sureties shall be approved by a judge of the municipal court from which the appeal is taken.

(3) The amount of bond shall not exceed double the amount of the judgment for fines and costs, plus an amount commensurate with any jail sentence, which latter amount shall be not less than fifty dollars nor more than a sum equal to two dollars for each day of jail sentence imposed.
C.R.S. § 13-21-1106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 11 / Section 13-21-1106
13-21-1106. Stay of proceedings pending motion to dismiss
Status: in_force

13-21-1106. Stay of proceedings pending motion to dismiss. (1) In any action brought against a manufacturer, packer, distributor, carrier, holder, or seller of a food for claims related to the long-term consumption of food, all proceedings including but not limited to discovery shall be stayed during the pendency of a motion to dismiss unless the court finds for good cause shown on the motion of any party that limited discovery is necessary to preserve evidence or to prevent undue prejudice to the movant.

(2) During a stay of discovery, unless otherwise ordered by the court, any party in the case, including any plaintiff and any defendant that has been properly served with the complaint, shall preserve all documents, data compilations including but not limited to electronically recorded data and electronically stored data, and tangible objects that are in the custody or control of such party and that are relevant to the allegations in the complaint as though a request for production of those documents and things had been served pursuant to court rule.
C.R.S. § 13-16-120 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 16 / Section 13-16-120
13-16-120. Fee bill - precept - levy and return
Status: in_force

13-16-120. Fee bill - precept - levy and return. The clerk shall make out a bill of costs as the same have been taxed in any cause against the party liable to pay the same and his security for costs, if any, together with his precept, directed to the sheriff of the proper county, commanding that, if the costs in the said bill of costs mentioned are not paid within thirty days after demand made therefor, he shall cause the same to be levied on the goods and chattels, lands and tenements, of the party so liable therefor, and his security, if any, named therein. Every such fee bill shall run in the name of the people, shall be under the seal of the court, and shall be returnable within ninety days from the date thereof, and the sheriff shall proceed to collect the same.
C.R.S. § 13-93-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 93 / Part 1 / Section 13-93-104
13-93-104. Clerk of supreme court keeps roll of attorneys
Status: in_force

13-93-104. Clerk of supreme court keeps roll of attorneys. It is the duty of the clerk of the supreme court to make and keep a roll or record of the persons who have been regularly licensed and admitted to practice as attorneys- and counselors-at-law within this state and who have taken the prescribed oath.
C.R.S. § 13-5.3-112 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.3 / Section 13-5.3-112
13-5.3-112. Complainant notification - point of contact
Status: in_force

13-5.3-112. Complainant notification - point of contact. (1) Upon receipt of a complaint, the office shall explain to the complainant the judicial discipline process, including the steps in the process, the availability of confidential reporting, and confidentiality requirements during each step of the process.

(2) The office shall designate a point of contact to keep complainants apprised of the status of the complainant's complaint, including periodic updates related to the complaint and timely notice of the outcome of the investigation of the complaint and the disciplinary or adjudicative process. Updates must include, but are not limited to, information about the following:

(a) Dismissal of a complaint;

(b) Completion of an investigation;

(c) Scheduling of any hearings;

(d) Results of any hearings;

(e) Imposition of any remedial measures or sanctions; and

(f) Appeal of any remedial measures or sanctions.

(3) If a complaint is dismissed because it is outside the commission's jurisdiction, the office shall provide an explanation of the dismissal to the complainant.
C.R.S. § 13-4-107 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-107
13-4-107. Place of court
Status: in_force

13-4-107. Place of court. The court of appeals shall be located in the city and county of Denver, but any division of the court of appeals may sit in any county seat for the purpose of hearing oral argument in cases before the division.
C.R.S. § 13-71-114 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-114
13-71-114. Cancellation of juror service
Status: in_force

13-71-114. Cancellation of juror service. Whenever it appears that the number of jurors scheduled to appear is in excess of the number needed, a jury commissioner may cancel the trial or grand juror service of a prospective juror and may notify the juror by telephone or other appropriate means. Any juror whose service has been canceled is not considered disqualified under section 13-71-105 (2)(f) but may be randomly reselected for further service within the succeeding twelve months.
C.R.S. § 13-1-116 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 1 / Part 1 / Section 13-1-116
13-1-116. Courts sit at county seat
Status: in_force

13-1-116. Courts sit at county seat. Every court of record shall sit at the county seat of the county in which it is held, except as may be otherwise provided by law.
C.R.S. § 13-20-1204 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 12 / Section 13-20-1204
13-20-1204. Waiver of liability void
Status: in_force

13-20-1204. Waiver of liability void. Any pre-incident waiver, either for consideration or gratuitously, of a person's right to bring an action pursuant to this part 12 is void as against public policy.
C.R.S. § 13-2-117 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 2 / Section 13-2-117
13-2-117. Librarian to have charge of library
Status: in_force

13-2-117. Librarian to have charge of library. The librarian of the supreme court, under the direction of the court, shall have custody of the books pertaining to the library of the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-4-108 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 4 / Section 13-4-108
13-4-108. Supreme court review
Status: in_force

13-4-108. Supreme court review. (1) Before application may be made for writ of certiorari, as provided in this section, application shall be made to the court of appeals for a rehearing if required by supreme court rule.

(2) Within twenty-eight days after a rehearing has been refused by the court of appeals, any party in interest who is aggrieved by the judgment of the court of appeals may appeal by application to the supreme court for a writ of certiorari.

(3) Procedures on writs of certiorari, including procedures for rehearings, shall be as prescribed by rule of the supreme court.
C.R.S. § 13-55-102 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 55 / Section 13-55-102
13-55-102. Service of notice of levy
Status: in_force

13-55-102. Service of notice of levy. Notice of such levy or seizure of any property under a writ of execution, writ of attachment, or other order of court shall be served upon the defendant debtor by delivering a copy of such notice to the defendant debtor personally or by leaving a copy of such notice at the usual abode of the defendant debtor with some member of his family over the age of fifteen years. In the event the defendant is a nonresident, or absent from the state or conceals himself or herself so personal service cannot be had upon him or her, then service of such notice of levy or seizure shall be made by publication thereof for a period of fourteen days in some newspaper published in the county in which said property was so levied upon or seized, or, if there is no newspaper published in such county, then like publication shall be made in a newspaper in an adjoining county, and the clerk of the court of record shall mail a copy of such notice to the defendant debtor directed to him or her at his or her last-known address, postage prepaid. Such notice, with proof of service thereof and, in case of publication, affidavit of publication and affidavit of mailing of notice shall be filed with the clerk of the court of record from which such writ of execution, writ of attachment, or other order of court was issued.
C.R.S. § 13-32-113 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 32 / Section 13-32-113
13-32-113. Exemption from fees
Status: in_force

13-32-113. Exemption from fees. Delegate child support enforcement units shall be exempt from the payment of any fees authorized in this article when they file proceedings in connection with the establishment and enforcement of child support pursuant to article 13 of title 26, C.R.S., or pursuant to article 5 of title 14, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-40-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-118
13-40-118. Deposit of rent
Status: in_force

13-40-118. Deposit of rent. In all appeals from the judgment of a county court, in an action founded upon section 13-40-104 (1)(d), the defendant, at the time of the filing thereof, shall deposit with the court the amount of rent found due and specified in such judgment. Unless such deposit is made, the appeal is not perfected, and proceedings upon such judgment shall thereupon be had accordingly. If the appeal is perfected, the court shall transmit such deposit to the clerk of the appellate court, with the papers in such case; and the appellant thereafter, at the time when the rents become due as specified in the judgment appealed from and as often as the same become due, shall deposit the amount thereof with the clerk of such appellate court. In case the appellant, at any time during the pendency of such appeal and before final judgment therein, neglects or fails to make any deposit of rent, falling due at the time specified in the judgment appealed from, the court in which such appeal is pending, upon such fact being made to appear and upon motion of the appellee, shall affirm the judgment appealed from with costs; and proceedings thereupon shall be had as in like cases determined upon the merits.
C.R.S. § 13-25-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 25 / Section 13-25-115
13-25-115. Certificate of head officer
Status: in_force

13-25-115. Certificate of head officer. Where a subpoena is issued to a state agency of an executive department seeking an appearance in any court of record, and the evidence sought is proof of the absence of a public record or entry, or the foundation for or the authenticity of the documents which are otherwise admissible pursuant to the Colorado rules of evidence, such subpoena may be complied with by the submission of the documents under the official certificate of the head officer, or acting head officer, or official custodian acting under the authority of the head officer of any executive department of the government of the state of Colorado, as provided for in this section, without an appearance by the personnel of such agency. Nothing in this section shall be construed to restrict the right of any party to any legal proceeding to subpoena a state employee to testify to matters going beyond the foundation or authenticity of the records of the executive department.
C.R.S. § 13-90-118 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 90 / Part 1 / Section 13-90-118
13-90-118. Witness immunity
Status: in_force

13-90-118. Witness immunity. (1) Whenever a witness refuses, on the basis of the privilege against self-incrimination, to testify or provide other information in a proceeding before or ancillary to a court or grand jury of the state of Colorado involving any laws of the state and the person presiding over the proceeding communicates to the witness an order as specified in subsection (2) of this section, the witness may not refuse to comply with the order on the basis of the privilege against self-incrimination; except that no testimony or other information compelled under the order, or any information directly or indirectly derived from such testimony or other information, may be used against the witness in any criminal case, except a prosecution for perjury or false statement or otherwise failing to comply with the order.

(2) In the case of any individual who has been or may be called to testify or provide other information at any proceeding before or ancillary to a court or grand jury of the state of Colorado, the district court for the judicial district in which the proceeding is or may be held, or the county court in which a misdemeanor proceeding is or may be held, may issue, upon request of any district attorney, attorney general, or special prosecutor of the state of Colorado, an order requiring such individual to give testimony or provide other information which he or she refuses to give or provide on the basis of the privilege against self-incrimination, such order to become effective as provided in subsection (1) of this section.

(3) A district attorney, attorney general, or special prosecutor of the state of Colorado may request an order as specified in subsection (2) of this section when in his or her judgment the testimony or other information from such individual may be necessary to the public interest and such individual has refused or is likely to refuse to testify or provide other information on the basis of the privilege against self-incrimination.
C.R.S. § 13-17.5-102.7 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 17.5 / Section 13-17.5-102.7
13-17.5-102.7. Successive claims
Status: in_force

13-17.5-102.7. Successive claims. (1) No inmate who on three or more occasions has brought a civil action based upon prison conditions that has been dismissed on the grounds that it was frivolous, groundless, or malicious or failed to state a claim upon which relief may be granted or sought monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief, shall be permitted to proceed as a poor person in a civil action based upon prison conditions under any statute or constitutional provision.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1) of this section, an inmate may proceed as a poor person in a civil action if the judge finds that the action alleges sufficient facts which, if assumed to be true, would demonstrate that the inmate is in imminent danger of serious physical injury.

(3) (a) A copy of any court order that dismisses an inmate's civil action on the grounds that it is frivolous, groundless, or malicious or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted or seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief shall be mailed by the court clerk to the Colorado attorney general, whether or not the attorney general entered an appearance in the civil action, and whether or not the civil action involved a state correctional facility or state defendant. The attorney general shall monitor the dismissals described in this paragraph (a).

(b) The attorney general shall inform the state judicial department or the chief judge of each judicial district whenever the attorney general becomes aware that an inmate has been assessed three or more dismissals as described in paragraph (a) of this subsection (3). Each judicial district shall maintain a registry of such information. An inmate listed in the registry who brings a civil action shall be subject to the provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section.
C.R.S. § 13-95-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 95 / Section 13-95-104
13-95-104. Bridges of Colorado commission - creation - membership - duties - repeal
Status: repealed

13-95-104. Bridges of Colorado commission - creation - membership - duties - repeal. (1) There is created in the office the bridges of Colorado commission to support the office.

(2) (a) The commission is comprised of the following members:

(I) The executive director of the Colorado district attorneys' council, or the executive director's designee;

(II) The state public defender, or the state public defender's designee;

(III) The commissioner of the behavioral health administration, or the commissioner's designee;

(IV) The director of the office within a state department responsible for assisting civil and forensic mental health patients, or the director's designee;

(V) The state court administrator, or the state court administrator's designee; and

(VI) The following members, appointed by the chief justice of the Colorado supreme court:

(A) A representative from a disability rights organization that provides services to the populations served by the office;

(B) A representative from a behavioral health, disability, or criminal justice advocacy organization that advocates for the populations served by the office;

(C) A representative from an organization that provides housing or other resources to the populations served by the office; and

(D) Three Colorado residents, at least two of whom are individuals with lived experience reflective of the populations served by the office.

(b) The chief justice shall make appointments to the commission pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(VI) of this section no later than July 1, 2023.

(c) Members appointed by the chief justice must not be employed or under contract with the office or the office within a state department responsible for assisting civil and forensic mental health patients. To represent the diversity of the communities served by the office, when making designations or appointments to the commission, the designating and appointing authorities shall consider a designee's or appointee's place of residence or employment, gender and gender identity, sexual orientation, ability, race, ethnic background, and lived experience.

(d) (I) Except for the initial appointments made pursuant to subsection (2)(d)(II) of this section, the term of appointment for each member appointed by the chief justice pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(VI) of this section is three years. The chief justice may reappoint a member for additional terms.

(II) (A) For the initial term of appointment of the members pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(VI) of this section, the chief justice shall appoint two members to a three-year term, two members to a two-year term, and one member to a one-year term.

(B) This subsection (2)(d)(II) is repealed, effective December 31, 2025.

(e) Each member of the commission serves without compensation but is entitled to reimbursement for actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of the member's duties.

(3) The director shall call the first meeting of the commission to occur no later than July 31, 2023.

(4) The director and the commission shall establish procedures for the operation of the commission.

(5) The commission shall:

(a) Appoint the director of the office. The commission may remove a director for cause.

(b) Work cooperatively with the director to provide guidance to the office; provide fiscal oversight of the general operating budget of the office; participate in funding decisions relating to the provision of services; and assist with the duties of the office concerning office training and public outreach, as needed.
C.R.S. § 13-24-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 24 / Section 13-24-104
13-24-104. Collaborative law participation agreement - requirements
Status: in_force

13-24-104. Collaborative law participation agreement - requirements. (1) A collaborative law participation agreement must:

(a) Be in a record;

(b) Be signed by the parties;

(c) State the parties' intention to resolve a collaborative matter through a collaborative law process under this article 24 as enacted in Colorado and informed consent concerning the consequences of the disqualification process;

(d) Describe the nature and scope of the matter;

(e) Identify the collaborative lawyer who represents each party in the process; and

(f) Contain a statement by each collaborative lawyer confirming the lawyer's representation of a party in the collaborative law process.

(2) Parties may agree to include in a collaborative law participation agreement additional provisions not inconsistent with this article 24.
C.R.S. § 13-20-803 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 8 / Section 13-20-803
13-20-803. List of defects required
Status: in_force

13-20-803. List of defects required. (1) In addition to the notice of claim required by section 13-20-803.5, in every action brought against a construction professional, the claimant shall file with the court or arbitrator and serve on the construction professional an initial list of construction defects in accordance with this section.

(2) The initial list of construction defects shall contain a description of the construction that the claimant alleges to be defective. The initial list of construction defects shall be filed with the court and served on the defendant within sixty days after the commencement of the action or within such longer period as the court in its discretion may allow.

(3) The initial list of construction defects may be amended by the claimant to identify additional construction defects as they become known to the claimant. In no event shall the court allow the case to be set for trial before the initial list of construction defects is filed and served.

(4) If a subcontractor or supplier is added as a party to an action under this section, the claimant making the claim against such subcontractor or supplier shall file with the court and serve on the defendant an initial list of construction defects in accordance with this section within sixty days after service of the complaint against the subcontractor or supplier or within such longer period as the court in its discretion may allow. In no event shall the filing of a defect list under this subsection (4) delay the setting of the trial.
C.R.S. § 13-72-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 72 / Section 13-72-106
13-72-106. Attendance excused - discharged - prospective jurors
Status: in_force

13-72-106. Attendance excused - discharged - prospective jurors. At any time for cause shown, the court may excuse a grand juror permanently and, if so excused, the court shall select a replacement grand juror from one of the four alternate grand jurors chosen pursuant to section 13-72-103. The excuse or discharge of a grand juror shall be in accordance with the procedures specified in the "Colorado Uniform Jury Selection and Service Act", article 71 of this title. The discharge of any such grand juror shall in no way or manner affect any indictment found by the grand jury as it was composed either before or after such charge.
C.R.S. § 13-10-121 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 10 / Section 13-10-121
13-10-121. Conditions of bond - forfeiture - release
Status: in_force

13-10-121. Conditions of bond - forfeiture - release. (1) The bond shall be conditioned that the appellant will duly prosecute such appeal and satisfy any judgment that may be rendered upon trial of the case in the appropriate appellate court to which appeal is taken pursuant to section 13-10-116 and that the appellant will surrender himself in satisfaction of such judgment if that is required.

(2) If the bond is forfeited, the appellate court, upon motion of the municipality, shall enter judgment against the appellant and sureties on the bond for the amount of such bond. The appellate court, with the consent of the municipality, shall enter judgment against the appellant and sureties on the bond for the amount of such bond. The appellate court, with the consent of the municipality, may set aside or modify the judgment.

(3) Any municipality may provide by ordinance such other bond terms and conditions as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this article. The filing of such bond or any notice thereof of record shall not constitute any lien against any property of the sureties.

(4) When the condition of the bond has been satisfied or the forfeiture thereof set aside or remitted, the municipal court shall exonerate the obligors and release the bond. At any time before final judgment in the appellate court, a surety may be exonerated by a deposit of cash in the amount of the bond or by timely surrender of the appellant into custody.
C.R.S. § 13-40-119 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 40 / Section 13-40-119
13-40-119. Rules of practice
Status: in_force

13-40-119. Rules of practice. In all actions brought under any provision of this article in any court, the proceedings shall be governed by the rules of practice and the provisions of law concerning civil actions in such court, except as may be otherwise provided in this article.
C.R.S. § 13-22-222 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 22 / Part 2 / Section 13-22-222
13-22-222. Confirmation of award
Status: repealed

13-22-222. Confirmation of award. (1) After a party to an arbitration proceeding receives notice of an award, the party may make a motion to the court for an order confirming the award at which time the court shall issue a confirming order unless the award is modified or corrected pursuant to section 13-22-220 or 13-22-224 or is vacated pursuant to section 13-22-223.

(2) Repealed.
C.R.S. § 13-71-115 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 71 / Section 13-71-115
13-71-115. Juror questionnaires
Status: in_force

13-71-115. Juror questionnaires. (1) On or before the first day of the term of trial or grand juror service, each juror shall be given a juror questionnaire requesting the following information about the juror: Name, sex, date of birth, age, residence, and marital status; the number and ages of children; educational level and occupation; whether the juror is regularly employed, self-employed, or unemployed; spouse's occupation; previous juror service; present or past involvement as a party or witness in a civil or criminal proceeding; and such other information as the jury commissioner deems appropriate after consulting with the judges in the judicial district. The questionnaire shall contain a declaration by the juror that the information supplied is, to the best of the juror's knowledge, true and an acknowledgment that a willful misrepresentation of a material fact is a class 2 misdemeanor punishable as provided in section 18-1.3-501. Immediately below the declaration, the questionnaire shall contain a place for the signature of the juror. A notice that the completed questionnaire is not a public record shall appear prominently on its face.

(2) Unless the court orders otherwise, the jury commissioner shall provide copies of the appropriate completed questionnaires to the trial judge and counsel for use during jury selection. With the exception of the names of qualified jurors and disclosures made during jury selection, information on the questionnaires shall be held in confidence by the court, the parties, trial counsel, and their agents. Upon the completion of jury selection, the parties and their counsel shall return all copies of the completed questionnaires to the court for immediate destruction. The original completed questionnaires for all prospective jurors shall be sealed in an envelope and retained in the court's file but shall not constitute a public record.

(3) If a person's answers to a questionnaire indicate that the person is disqualified or disabled from performing jury service pursuant to section 13-71-104 (3), 13-71-105, or 13-71-119.5 or, in the opinion of the court, state grounds sufficient to be excused from jury service pursuant to section 13-71-119.5, the person's name shall not be included in the juror pool and the court shall notify the person that he or she is excused from jury service.
C.R.S. § 13-64-212 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 64 / Part 2 / Section 13-64-212
13-64-212. Satisfaction of judgment
Status: in_force

13-64-212. Satisfaction of judgment. Upon entry of an order by the court that the form of funding complies with section 13-64-207 and that the funding of the obligation complies with section 13-64-208, the court shall order a satisfaction of judgment and discharge of the judgment debtor.
C.R.S. § 13-33-101 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 33 / Section 13-33-101
13-33-101. Fees of jurors
Status: in_force

13-33-101. Fees of jurors. (1) Trial and grand jurors serving in any court, as defined in the "Colorado Uniform Jury Selection and Service Act", article 71 of this title, shall receive compensation as provided for in that article.

(2) Jury fees for attending any court of record other than a municipal court shall be paid by the state pursuant to section 13-3-104.

(3) Municipalities shall set and pay fees for juror service in a municipal court.

(4) Jurors attending inquests over dead bodies before coroners shall receive the same fees as provided in subsection (1) of this section, which fees shall be paid by the county in which the inquest is held.
C.R.S. § 13-3-106 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 3 / Section 13-3-106
13-3-106. Judicial department operating budget - fiscal procedures
Status: in_force

13-3-106. Judicial department operating budget - fiscal procedures. (1) (a) The court administrator, subject to the approval of the chief justice, shall prepare annually a consolidated operating budget for all courts of record subject to the provisions of section 13-3-104, such budget to be known as the judicial department operating budget.

(b) The court administrator, subject to the approval of the chief justice, shall prepare an annual budget request upon forms and according to procedures agreed to by the executive director of the department of personnel and the joint budget committee of the general assembly. The budget request documents and such additional information as may be requested shall be submitted to the department of personnel and the joint budget committee according to the same time schedule for budgetary review and analysis required of all executive agencies. The governor shall include recommendations for court appropriations as part of his or her regular budget message and according to section 24-37-301, C.R.S. The general assembly, upon recommendation of the joint budget committee, shall make appropriations to courts based on an evaluation of the budget request and the availability of state funds.

(2) The court administrator, subject to the approval of the chief justice, shall prescribe the procedures to be used by the judicial department and each court of record subject to the provisions of section 13-3-104, with respect to:

(a) The preparation of budget requests;

(b) The disbursement of funds appropriated to the judicial department by the general assembly;

(c) The purchase of forms, supplies, equipment, and other items as authorized in the judicial department operating budget; and

(d) Any other matter relating to fiscal administration.

(3) The court administrator shall consult with the state controller in the preparation of regulations pertaining to budgetary and fiscal procedures and forms and the disbursement of funds.
C.R.S. § 13-80-102.5 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 80 / Section 13-80-102.5
13-80-102.5. Limitation of actions - medical or health care
Status: in_force

13-80-102.5. Limitation of actions - medical or health care. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this section or section 25.5-4-307, C.R.S., no action alleging negligence, breach of contract, lack of informed consent, or other action arising in tort or contract to recover damages from any health-care institution, as defined in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section, or any health-care professional, as defined in paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section, shall be maintained unless such action is instituted within two years after the date that such action accrues pursuant to section 13-80-108 (1), but in no event shall an action be brought more than three years after the act or omission which gave rise to the action.

(2) For the purposes of this section:

(a) "Health-care institution" means any hospital, health-care facility, dispensary, clinic, or other institution which is licensed or certified as such under the laws of this state.

(b) "Health-care professional" means any physician, nurse, dentist, chiropractor, pharmacist, optometrist, psychologist, podiatrist, physical therapist, or other health-care practitioner who is licensed to perform such profession under the laws of this state.

(3) The limitation of actions provided in subsection (1) of this section does not apply under the following circumstances:

(a) If the act or omission which gave rise to the cause of action was knowingly concealed by the person committing such act or omission, in which case the action may be maintained if instituted within two years after the person bringing the action discovered, or in the exercise of reasonable diligence and concern should have discovered, the act or omission; or

(b) If the act or omission consisted of leaving an unauthorized foreign object in the body of the patient, in which case the action may be maintained if instituted within two years after the person bringing the action discovered, or in the exercise of reasonable diligence and concern should have discovered, the act or omission; or

(c) If both the physical injury and its cause are not known or could not have been known by the exercise of reasonable diligence; or

(d) If the action is brought by or on behalf of:

(I) A minor under eight years of age who was under six years of age on the date of the occurrence of the act or omission for which the action is brought, in which case the action may be maintained at any time prior to his attaining eight years of age; or

(II) A person otherwise under disability as defined in section 13-81-101, in which case the action may be maintained within the time period as provided in section 13-81-103.

(e) If the claim arises against a health care provider pursuant to section 13-21-132.
C.R.S. § 13-20-801 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 8 / Section 13-20-801
13-20-801. Short title
Status: in_force

13-20-801. Short title. This part 8 shall be known and may be cited as the "Construction Defect Action Reform Act".
C.R.S. § 13-21-124 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-124
13-21-124. Civil actions against dog owners
Status: in_force

13-21-124. Civil actions against dog owners. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Bodily injury" means any physical injury that results in severe bruising, muscle tears, or skin lacerations requiring professional medical treatment or any physical injury that requires corrective or cosmetic surgery.

(b) "Dog" means any domesticated animal related to the fox, wolf, coyote, or jackal.

(c) "Dog owner" means a person, firm, corporation, or organization owning, possessing, harboring, keeping, having financial or property interest in, or having control or custody of, a dog.

(d) "Serious bodily injury" has the same meaning as set forth in section 18-1-901 (3)(p), C.R.S.

(2) A person or a personal representative of a person who suffers serious bodily injury or death from being bitten by a dog while lawfully on public or private property shall be entitled to bring a civil action to recover economic damages against the dog owner regardless of the viciousness or dangerous propensities of the dog or the dog owner's knowledge or lack of knowledge of the dog's viciousness or dangerous propensities.

(3) In any case described in subsection (2) of this section in which it is alleged and proved that the dog owner had knowledge or notice of the dog's viciousness or dangerous propensities, the court, upon a motion made by the victim or the personal representative of the victim, may enter an order that the dog be euthanized by a licensed veterinarian or licensed shelter at the expense of the dog owner.

(4) For purposes of this section, a person shall be deemed to be lawfully on public or private property if he or she is in the performance of a duty imposed upon him or her by local, state, or federal laws or regulations or if he or she is on property upon express or implied invitation of the owner of the property or is on his or her own property.

(5) A dog owner shall not be liable to a person who suffers bodily injury, serious bodily injury, or death from being bitten by the dog:

(a) While the person is unlawfully on public or private property;

(b) While the person is on property of the dog owner and the property is clearly and conspicuously marked with one or more posted signs stating "no trespassing" or "beware of dog";

(c) While the dog is being used by a peace officer or military personnel in the performance of peace officer or military personnel duties;

(d) As a result of the person knowingly provoking the dog;

(e) If the person is a veterinary health-care worker, dog groomer, humane agency staff person, professional dog handler, trainer, or dog show judge acting in the performance of his or her respective duties; or

(f) While the dog is working as a hunting dog, herding dog, farm or ranch dog, or predator control dog on the property of or under the control of the dog's owner.

(6) Nothing in this section shall be construed to:

(a) Affect any other cause of action predicated on other negligence, intentional tort, outrageous conduct, or other theories;

(b) Affect the provisions of any other criminal or civil statute governing the regulation of dogs; or

(c) Abrogate any provision of the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act", article 10 of title 24, C.R.S.
C.R.S. § 13-5.5-104 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 5.5 / Section 13-5.5-104
13-5.5-104. State commission on judicial performance - district commissions on judicial perf
Status: repealed

13-5.5-104. State commission on judicial performance - district commissions on judicial performance - established - membership - terms - immunity - conflicts. (1) The state commission on judicial performance is established, and a district commission on judicial performance is established in each judicial district of the state. In appointing the membership of each commission, the appointing entities must, to the extent practicable, include persons from throughout the state or judicial district and persons with disabilities and take into consideration race, gender, and the ethnic diversity of the state or district. Justices and judges actively performing judicial duties may not be appointed to serve on a commission. Former justices and judges are eligible to be appointed as attorney commissioners; except that a former justice or judge may not be assigned or appointed to perform judicial duties while serving on a commission.

(2) Repealed.

(3) (a) The state commission consists of eleven members, appointed on or before March 1, 2019, as follows:

(I) The speaker of the house of representatives shall appoint one attorney and one nonattorney;

(II) The minority leader of the house of representatives shall appoint one nonattorney;

(III) The president of the senate shall appoint one attorney and one nonattorney;

(IV) The minority leader of the senate shall appoint one nonattorney;

(V) The chief justice of the supreme court shall appoint two attorneys; and

(VI) The governor shall appoint two nonattorneys and one attorney.

(b) The terms of state commissioners appointed prior to January 31, 2019, shall continue until such time as his or her term was originally set to expire; except that the term of the two nonattorneys appointed by the chief justice of the supreme court pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(IV) of this section expires on January 31, 2019.

(c) This subsection (3) becomes effective February 1, 2019.

(4) (a) Each district commission consists of ten members, appointed on or before March 1, 2019, as follows:

(I) The speaker of the house of representatives shall appoint one attorney and one nonattorney;

(II) The president of the senate shall appoint one attorney and one nonattorney;

(III) The minority leader of the house of representatives shall appoint one nonattorney;

(IV) The minority leader of the senate shall appoint one nonattorney;

(V) The chief justice of the supreme court shall appoint two attorneys; and

(VI) The governor shall appoint two nonattorneys.

(b) The terms of district commissioners appointed prior to January 31, 2019, shall continue until such time as his or her term was originally set to expire; except that the following commissioners' terms expire on January 31, 2019:

(I) The two nonattorneys appointed by the chief justice of the supreme court pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(IV) of this section; and

(II) The attorney appointed by the governor pursuant to subsection (2)(a)(III) of this section.

(c) This subsection (4) becomes effective February 1, 2019.

(5) (a) The term for a commissioner is four years and expires on November 30 of an odd-numbered year. The term of a commissioner appointed to replace a member at the end of the commissioner's term begins on December 1 of the same year.

(b) The original appointing authority shall fill any vacancy on a commission, but a commissioner shall not serve more than two full terms including any balance remaining on an unexpired term if the initial appointment was to fill a vacancy. Within five days after a vacancy arises on a commission, the commission with the vacancy shall notify the original appointing authority of the vacancy. The original appointing authority shall make an appointment within forty-five days after the date of the vacancy. If the original appointing authority fails to make the appointment within forty-five days after the date of the vacancy, the state commission shall make the appointment.

(c) The appointing authority may remove a commissioner whom he or she appointed for cause.

(6) Each commission shall elect a chair every two years by a vote of the membership.

(7) State and district commissioners and employees of the state or a district commission are immune from suit in any action, civil or criminal, based upon official acts performed in good faith as commissioners and employees of the state or a district commission.

(8) A commissioner shall recuse himself or herself from an evaluation of the person who appointed the commissioner to the commission.
C.R.S. § 13-32-105 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 32 / Section 13-32-105
13-32-105. Docket fees in criminal actions
Status: repealed

13-32-105. Docket fees in criminal actions. (1) (a) At the time of the first appearance of the defendant in all criminal actions in all courts of record, except the county court, court of appeals, and the supreme court, there shall be charged against the defendant a total docket fee of thirty dollars, which shall be payable upon conviction of the defendant. In county courts, the total docket fee in criminal actions shall be eighteen dollars, which shall be payable by the defendant upon conviction. These fees shall cover all clerks' fees prior to judgment.

(b) On and after June 6, 2003, the docket fee in all criminal actions in all courts of record, except the county court, court of appeals, and the supreme court, is increased by five dollars, and the docket fee in county court criminal actions is increased by three dollars. The additional revenue generated by the docket fee increases shall be transmitted to the state treasurer for deposit in the state commission on judicial performance cash fund created in section 13-5.5-115.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection (1), on and after July 1, 2008, all fees collected under this section shall be transmitted to the state treasurer for deposit in the judicial stabilization cash fund created in section 13-32-101 (6).

(2) Repealed.

(3) Pursuant to section 13-1-204 (1)(b), a five-dollar surcharge shall be assessed and collected on each docket fee described in this section concerning criminal convictions entered on and after July 1, 2007.
C.R.S. § 13-20-702 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 20 / Part 7 / Section 13-20-702
13-20-702. Definitions
Status: in_force

13-20-702. Definitions. As used in this part 7, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Contaminate or pollute", "contaminating or polluting", or "contamination or pollution" means contamination or pollution of air, water, real or personal property, animals, or human beings from a location in the state of Colorado, including, without limitation, contamination or pollution from hazardous waste and substances.

(2) "Lender-owner" means any person or entity which has a bona fide security interest in or mortgage or lien on, and which forecloses on or receives an assignment or deed in lieu of foreclosure and becomes the owner of, real or personal property and the foreclosure, deed in lieu, or assignment is not primarily for the purposes of avoiding third-party liability.

(3) "Representative" means any person or entity acting in the capacity of a receiver, conservator, guardian ad litem, personal representative of a deceased person, or trustee or fiduciary of real or personal property; except that the terms trustee and fiduciary shall be limited to entities acting as trustee or fiduciary and which are chartered by the division of banking or division of financial services, the office of the United States comptroller of the currency, or the office of thrift supervision.

(4) "Third parties" means persons or entities other than governmental entities seeking to enforce federal, state, or local environmental statutes, ordinances, regulations, permits, or orders.

(5) "Third-party liability" means liability to third parties for any claims arising out of or resulting from contamination or pollution, including, without limitation, claims for personal injury, consequential damages, lost profits, exemplary damages, or property damages, but does not include liability for the cost of cleaning up contamination or pollution.
C.R.S. § 13-21-111.6 — CO Code / Title 13 / Article 21 / Part 1 / Section 13-21-111.6
13-21-111.6. Civil actions - reduction of damages for payment from collateral source
Status: in_force

13-21-111.6. Civil actions - reduction of damages for payment from collateral source. In any action by any person or his legal representative to recover damages for a tort resulting in death or injury to person or property, the court, after the finder of fact has returned its verdict stating the amount of damages to be awarded, shall reduce the amount of the verdict by the amount by which such person, his estate, or his personal representative has been or will be wholly or partially indemnified or compensated for his loss by any other person, corporation, insurance company, or fund in relation to the injury, damage, or death sustained; except that the verdict shall not be reduced by the amount by which such person, his estate, or his personal representative has been or will be wholly or partially indemnified or compensated by a benefit paid as a result of a contract entered into and paid for by or on behalf of such person. The court shall enter judgment on such reduced amount.