FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Co. Const. art. XXVIII, § 14 — Article XXVIII / Section 14
CO Const., Article XXVIII, Section 14
Status: in_force

Severability. If any provision of this article or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of the article which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this article are declared to be severable. Source: Initiated 2002: Entire article added, L. 2003, p. 3609. For the effective date of this article, see the editor's note following the article heading.
Co. Const. art. V, § 40 — Article V / Section 40
CO Const., Article V, Section 40
Status: in_force

Bribery and influence in general assembly. If any person elected to either house of the general assembly shall offer or promise to give his vote or influence in favor of or against any measure or proposition pending or proposed to be introduced in the general assembly in consideration or upon condition that any other person elected to the same general assembly will give or will promise or assent to give his vote or influence in favor of or against any other measure or proposition pending or proposed to be introduced in such general assembly, the person making such offer or promise, shall be deemed guilty of solicitation of bribery. If any ​ member of the general assembly shall give his vote or influence for or against any measure or proposition pending in such general assembly, or offer, promise or assent so to do, upon condition that any other member will give or will promise or assent to give his vote or influence in favor of or against any other measure or proposition pending or proposed to be introduced in such general assembly, or in consideration that any other member hath given his vote or influence for or against any other measure or proposition in such general assembly, he shall be deemed guilty of bribery; and any member of the general assembly, or person elected thereto, who shall be guilty of either of such offenses shall be expelled, and shall not be thereafter eligible to the same general assembly; and, on conviction thereof in the civil courts, shall be liable to such further penalty as may be prescribed by law. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 43. Cross references: For the crime of bribery, see part 3 of article 8 of title 18.
Co. Const. art. IV, § 4 — Article IV / Section 4
CO Const., Article IV, Section 4
Status: in_force

Qualifications of state officers. No person shall be eligible to the office of governor or lieutenant governor unless he shall have attained the age of thirty years, nor to the office of secretary of state or state treasurer unless he shall have attained the age of twenty-five years, nor to the office of attorney general unless he shall have attained the age of twenty-five years and be a licensed attorney of the supreme court of the state in good standing, and no person shall be eligible to any one of said offices unless, in addition to the qualifications above prescribed therefor, he shall be a citizen of the United States, and have resided within the limits of the state two years next preceding his election. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 33. L. 64: Entire section amended, p. 837.
Co. Const. art. X, § 11 — Article X / Section 11
CO Const., Article X, Section 11
Status: in_force

Maximum rate of taxation. The rate of taxation on property, for state purposes, shall never exceed four mills on each dollar of valuation; provided, however, that in the discretion of the general assembly an additional levy of not to exceed one mill on each dollar of valuation may from time to time be authorized for the erection of additional buildings at, and for the use, benefit, maintenance, and support of the state educational institutions; provided, further, that the rate of taxation on property for all state purposes, including the additional levy herein provided for, shall never exceed five mills on each dollar of valuation, unless otherwise provided in the constitution. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 59. L. 1891: Entire section amended, p. 90. Initiated 20: Entire section amended, effective December 4, 1920, see L. 21, p. 179. Cross references: For limitation of county levy, see part 2 of article 25 of title 30.
Co. Const. art. X, § 17 — Article X / Section 17
CO Const., Article X, Section 17
Status: in_force

Income tax. The general assembly may levy income taxes, either graduated or proportional, or both graduated and proportional, for the support of the state, or any political subdivision thereof, or for public schools, and may, in the administration of an income tax law, provide for special classified or limited taxation or the exemption of tangible and intangible personal property. Source: L. 36: Entire section added, see L. 37, p. 675. Cross references: For tax exemptions, see article 3 of title 39; for provisions concerning income tax, see article 22 of title 39.
Co. Const. art. XII, § 9 — Article XII / Section 9
CO Const., Article XII, Section 9
Status: in_force

Oaths - where filed. Officers of the executive department and judges of the supreme and district courts, and district attorneys, shall file their oaths of office with the secretary of state; every other officer shall file his oath of office with the county clerk of the county wherein he shall have been elected. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 65.
Co. Const. art. XXIV, § 9 — Article XXIV / Section 9
CO Const., Article XXIV, Section 9
Status: in_force

Effective date. (Repealed) Source: Initiated 56: Entire article R&RE, effective January 1, 1957, see L. 57, p. 557. ​ L. 2006: Entire section repealed, p. 2957, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, 2007, p. 2964, December 31, 2006.
Co. Const. art. XV, § 8 — Article XV / Section 8
CO Const., Article XV, Section 8
Status: in_force

Eminent domain - police power - not to be abridged. The right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the general assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies, and subjecting them to public use, the same as the property of individuals; and the police power of the state shall never be abridged or so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general well-being of the state. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 70.
Co. Const. art. II, § 25 — Article II / Section 25
CO Const., Article II, Section 25
Status: in_force

Due process of law. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 32. Cross references: For inalienable rights, see § 3 of this article; for equality of justice, see § 6 of this article; for rights reserved to the people, see § 28 of this article and § 1 of article V of this constitution; for taking of property by eminent domain proceedings, see articles 1 to 7 of title 38; for searches and seizures, see § 7 of this article; for rights of defendant in criminal prosecutions, see § 16 of this article; for self-incrimination and jeopardy, see § 18 of this article; for the admissibility of laboratory test results, see § 16-3-309.
Co. Const. art. XXVIII, § 13 — Article XXVIII / Section 13
CO Const., Article XXVIII, Section 13
Status: in_force

APPLICABILITY AND EFFECTIVE DATE. The provisions of this article shall take effect on December 6, 2002, and be applicable for all elections thereafter, except that the provisions of this article concerning sole source government contracts shall take effect on December 31, 2008. Legislation may be enacted to facilitate its operation, but in no way limiting or restricting the provisions of this article or the powers herein granted. Editor's note: This section was declared unconstitutional (see the editor's note following this section). Source: Initiated 2002: Entire article added, L. 2003, p. 3609. For the effective date of this article, see the editor's note following the article heading. Initiated 2008: Entire section amended, effective December 31, 2008, see L. 2009, p. 3381. Editor's note: (1) In 2008, Amendment 54 amended § 13 of this article creating an exception to the effective date stating that the provisions of this article amended or added by Amendment 54 concerning sole source government contracts are effective December 31, 2008; however the Governor's proclamation date on Amendment 54 was January 8, 2009. (2) In the case of Dallman v. Ritter, the Denver District Court declared the provisions of this section unconstitutional and issued a preliminary injunction enjoining the enforcement of Amendment 54 (see Dallman v. Ritter, 225 P.3d 610 (Colo. 2010)). The Colorado Supreme Court affirmed the district court's ruling (see Dallman v. Ritter, 225 P.3d 610 (Colo. 2010)).
Co. Const. art. VI, § 3 — Article VI / Section 3
CO Const., Article VI, Section 3
Status: in_force

Original jurisdiction - opinions. The supreme court shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, quo warranto, certiorari, injunction, and such other original and remedial writs as may be provided by rule of court with authority to hear and determine the same; and each judge of the supreme court shall have like power and authority as to writs of habeas corpus. The supreme court shall give its opinion upon important questions upon solemn occasions when required by the governor, the senate, or the house of representatives; and all such opinions shall be published in connection with the reported decision of said court. Source: L. 61: Entire article R&RE, effective January 12, 1965, see L. 63, p. 1049. Editor's note: (1) This section is similar to § 3 as it existed prior to 1961. (2) For amendments to that section prior to 1961, see L. 1885, p. 145. Cross references: For procedure in original actions in the supreme court, see C.A.R. 21.; for writs of habeas corpus, see article 45 of title 13; for certification of questions of law to the supreme court, see C.A.R. 21.1.
Co. Const. art. VIII, § 2 — Article VIII / Section 2
CO Const., Article VIII, Section 2
Status: in_force

Seat of government - where located. The general assembly shall have no power to change or to locate the seat of government of the state, which shall remain at the city and county of Denver. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 53. L. 88: Entire section amended, p. 1454, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, L. 89, p. 1657, January 3, 1989.
Co. Const. art. IV, § 2 — Article IV / Section 2
CO Const., Article IV, Section 2
Status: in_force

Governor supreme executive. The supreme executive power of the state shall be vested in the governor, who shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 33. ​
Co. Const. art. XVIII, § 10 — Article XVIII / Section 10
CO Const., Article XVIII, Section 10
Status: in_force

Severability of constitutional provisions. If any provision of any section of any article in this constitution is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unconstitutional, the remaining provisions are valid unless the court holds that the valid provisions are so essentially and inseparably connected with, and so dependent upon, the void provision that it cannot be presumed the enactment of the valid provisions would have occurred without the void one; or unless the court determines that the valid provisions, standing alone, are incomplete and not capable of being executed. Source: L. 92: Entire section added, p. 2314, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, L. 93, p. 2158, January 14, 1993.
Co. Const. art. XVIII, § 9a — Article XVIII / Section 9a
CO Const., Article XVIII, Section 9a
Status: in_force

U.S. senators and representatives - limitations on terms. (1) In order to broaden the opportunities for public service and to assure that members of the United States Congress from Colorado are representative of and responsive to Colorado citizens, no United States Senator from Colorado shall serve more than two consecutive terms in the United States Senate, and no United States Representative from Colorado shall serve more than three consecutive terms in the United States House of Representatives. This limitation on the number of terms shall apply to terms of office beginning on or after January 1, 1995. Any person appointed or elected to fill a vacancy in the United States Congress and who serves at least one half of a term of office shall be considered to have served a term in that office for purposes of this subsection (1). Terms are considered consecutive unless they are at least four years apart. (2) The people of Colorado hereby state their support for a nationwide limit of twelve consecutive years of service in the United States Senate and six consecutive years of service in the United States House of Representatives and instruct their public officials to use their best efforts to work for such a limit. (3) The people of Colorado declare that the provisions of this section shall be deemed severable from the remainder of this measure and that their intention is that federal officials elected from Colorado will continue voluntarily to observe the wishes of the people as stated in this section in the event any provision thereof is held invalid. The severability provisions of Section 10 of Article XVIII of the Colorado Constitution apply to this Section 9a. Source: Initiated 90: Entire section added, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, L. 91, p. 2036, January 3, 1991. Initiated 94: Entire section amended, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, L. 95, p. 1435, January 19, 1995. Editor's note: (1) Although this section was numbered as section 9 as it appeared on the ballot in 1990, for ease of location, it has numbered as section 9a. (2) The reference in subsection (3) to "this measure" refers to the initiative adopted by ​ the people on November 6, 1990, which added this section and amended section 1 of article IV and section 3 of article V of this constitution.
Co. Const. art. X, § 18 — Article X / Section 18
CO Const., Article X, Section 18
Status: in_force

License fees and excise taxes - use of. On and after July 1, 1935, the proceeds from the imposition of any license, registration fee, or other charge with respect to the operation of any motor vehicle upon any public highway in this state and the proceeds from the imposition of any excise tax on gasoline or other liquid motor fuel except aviation fuel used for aviation purposes shall, except costs of administration, be used exclusively for the construction, maintenance, and supervision of the public highways of this state. Any taxes imposed upon aviation fuel shall be used exclusively for aviation purposes. Source: Initiated 34: Entire section added, see L. 35, p. 328. L. 74: Entire section amended, p. 459, effective July 1, 1975. Editor's note: The Governor's proclamation date in 1974 was December 20, 1974.
Co. Const. art. V, § 38 — Article V / Section 38
CO Const., Article V, Section 38
Status: in_force

No liability exchanged or released. No obligation or liability of any person, association, or corporation, held or owned by the state, or any municipal corporation therein, shall ever be exchanged, transferred, remitted, released, or postponed or in any way diminished by the general assembly, nor shall such liability or obligation be extinguished except by payment thereof into the proper treasury. This section shall not prohibit the write-off or release of uncollectible accounts as provided by general law. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 43. L. 74: Entire section amended, p. 451, effective January 1, 1975. Editor's note: The Governor's proclamation date in 1974 was December 20, 1974.
Co. Const. art. XX, § 8 — Article XX / Section 8
CO Const., Article XX, Section 8
Status: in_force

Conflicting constitutional provisions declared inapplicable. Anything in the constitution of this state in conflict or inconsistent with the provisions of this amendment is hereby declared to be inapplicable to the matters and things by this amendment covered and provided for. Source: L. 01: Entire article added, p. 106.
Co. Const. art. XVIII, § 1 — Article XVIII / Section 1
CO Const., Article XVIII, Section 1
Status: in_force

Homestead and exemption laws. The general assembly shall pass liberal homestead and exemption laws. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 73. Cross references: For homestead exemptions, see part 2 of article 41 of title 38.
Co. Const. art. XXVI, § 5 — Article XXVI / Section 5
CO Const., Article XXVI, Section 5
Status: in_force

Severability. If any provision of this article, or its application in any particular case, is held invalid, the remainder of the article and its application in all other cases shall remain unimpaired. Source: L. 74: Entire article was added, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, December 20, 1974, but does not appear in the session laws.
Co. Const. art. XIV, § 1 — Article XIV / Section 1
CO Const., Article XIV, Section 1
Status: in_force

Counties of state. The several counties of the territory of Colorado as they now exist, are hereby declared to be counties of the state. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 66. Cross references: For counties generally, see title 30.
Co. Const. art. XII, § 11 — Article XII / Section 11
CO Const., Article XII, Section 11
Status: in_force

Elected public officers - term - salary - vacancy. No law shall extend the term of any elected public officer after his election or appointment nor shall the salary of any elected public officer be increased or decreased during the term of office for which he was elected. The term of office of any officer elected to fill a vacancy shall terminate at the expiration of the term during which the vacancy occurred. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 65. L. 74: Entire section amended, p. 453, effective January 1, 1975. Editor's note: The Governor's proclamation date in 1974 was December 20, 1974.
Co. Const. art. XXIV, § 4 — Article XXIV / Section 4
CO Const., Article XXIV, Section 4
Status: in_force

The state board of public welfare to administer fund. The state board of public welfare, or such other agency as may be authorized by law to administer old age pensions, shall cause all moneys deposited in the old age pension fund to be paid out as directed by this article and as required by statutory provisions not inconsistent with the provisions hereof, after defraying the expense of administering the said fund. Source: Initiated 56: Entire article R&RE, effective January 1, 1957, see L. 57, p. 555. Cross references: For the state agency authorized to administer or supervise the administration of public assistance programs, see § 26-2-104.
Co. Const. art. X, § 2 — Article X / Section 2
CO Const., Article X, Section 2
Status: in_force

Tax provided for state expenses. The general assembly shall provide by law for an annual tax sufficient, with other resources, to defray the estimated expenses of the state government for each fiscal year. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 57. Cross references: For maximum rate of taxation, see § 11 of this article.
Co. Const. art. XV, § 4 — Article XV / Section 4
CO Const., Article XV, Section 4
Status: in_force

Railroads - common carriers - construction - intersection. All railroads shall be public highways, and all railroad companies shall be common carriers. Any association or corporation organized for the purpose, shall have the right to construct and operate a railroad between any designated points within this state, and to connect at the state line with railroads of other states and territories. Every railroad company shall have the right with its road to intersect, connect with or cross any other railroad. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 69. Cross references: For provisions regulating railroads, see part 1 of article 20 of title 40.
Co. Const. art. VII, § 2 — Article VII / Section 2
CO Const., Article VII, Section 2
Status: in_force

Suffrage to women. (Repealed) Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 52. L. 88: Entire section repealed, p. 1454, effective upon proclamation of the Governor, L. 89, p. 1657, January 3, 1989. Editor's note: For the law enacted pursuant to the directive set out in this section, see section 1 of chapter 83, session laws of Colorado 1893, codified as section 2147 of chapter 43, R.S. 08, which was subsequently repealed in section 268 of chapter 118, session laws of Colorado 1963.
Co. Const. art. V, § 15 — Article V / Section 15
CO Const., Article V, Section 15
Status: in_force

Adjournment for more than three days. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 39.
Co. Const. art. IX, § 4 — Article IX / Section 4
CO Const., Article IX, Section 4
Status: in_force

County treasurer to collect and disburse. Each county treasurer shall collect all school funds belonging to his county, and the several school districts therein, and disburse the same to the proper districts upon warrants drawn by the county superintendent, or by the proper district authorities, as may be provided by law. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 55.
Co. Const. art. V, § 10 — Article V / Section 10
CO Const., Article V, Section 10
Status: in_force

Each house to choose its officers. At the beginning of the first regular session after a general election, and at such other times as may be necessary, the senate shall elect one of its members president, and the house of representatives shall elect one of its members as speaker. The president and speaker shall serve as such until the election and installation of their respective successors. Each house shall choose its other officers and shall judge the election and qualification of its members. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 39. L. 50: Entire section amended, see L. 51, p. 554. L. 74: Entire section amended, p. 449, effective January 1, 1975. Editor's note: The Governor's proclamation date in 1974 was December 20, 1974.
Co. Const. art. III, § 0 — Article III / Section 0
CO Const., Article III
Status: in_force

Distribution of powers ​ The powers of the government of this state are divided into three distinct departments,--the legislative, executive and judicial; and no person or collection of persons charged with the exercise of powers properly belonging to one of these departments shall exercise any power properly belonging to either of the others, except as in this constitution expressly directed or permitted. Source: Entire article added, effective August 1, 1876, see L. 1877, p. 32. Cross references: For power of general assembly to enact measures, and power of people to institute initiative and referendum, see § 1 of article V of this constitution; for prohibition against delegating legislative power to special commissions or private corporations, see § 35 of article V of this constitution; for exercise of legislative powers by home rule cities, see § 6 of art. XX of this constitution.