FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Cal. Const. art. VI, § 2 — Article VI / Section 2
California Constitution Article VI, Section 2
Status: in_force

The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of California and 6 associate justices. The Chief Justice may convene the court at any time. Concurrence of 4 judges present at the argument is necessary for a judgment. An acting Chief Justice shall perform all functions of the Chief Justice when the Chief Justice is absent or unable to act. The Chief Justice or, if the Chief Justice fails to do so, the court shall select an associate justice as acting Chief Justice. (Sec. 2 amended Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 11. Res.Ch. 96, 1974.)
Cal. Const. art. XIX, § 3 — Article XIX / Section 3
California Constitution Article XIX, Section 3
Status: in_force

Revenues from fees and taxes imposed by the State upon vehicles or their use or operation, over and above the costs of collection and any refunds authorized by law, shall be used for the following purposes: (a) The state administration and enforcement of laws regulating the use, operation, or registration of vehicles used upon the public streets and highways of this State, including the enforcement of traffic and vehicle laws by state agencies and the mitigation of the environmental effects of motor vehicle operation due to air and sound emissions. (b) The purposes specified in Section 2 of this article. (Sec. 3 renumbered from Sec. 2 on Nov. 2, 2010, by Prop. 22. Initiative measure.)
Cal. Const. art. XIX, § 7 — Article XIX / Section 7
California Constitution Article XIX, Section 7
Status: in_force

If the Legislature reduces or repeals the taxes described in Section 2 and adopts an alternative source of revenue to replace the moneys derived from those taxes, the replacement revenue shall be deposited into the Highway Users Tax Account, dedicated to the purposes listed in Section 2, and allocated to cities, counties, and areas of the State pursuant to Section 4. All other provisions of this article shall apply to any revenues adopted by the Legislature to replace the moneys derived from the taxes described in Section 2. (Sec. 7 added Nov. 2, 2010, by Prop. 22. Initiative measure.)
Cal. Const. art. I, § 19 — Article I / Section 19
California Constitution Article I, Section 19
Status: in_force

(a) Private property may be taken or damaged for a public use and only when just compensation, ascertained by a jury unless waived, has first been paid to, or into court for, the owner. The Legislature may provide for possession by the condemnor following commencement of eminent domain proceedings upon deposit in court and prompt release to the owner of money determined by the court to be the probable amount of just compensation. (b) The State and local governments are prohibited from acquiring by eminent domain an owner-occupied residence for the purpose of conveying it to a private person. (c) Subdivision (b) of this section does not apply when State or local government exercises the power of eminent domain for the purpose of protecting public health and safety; preventing serious, repeated criminal activity; responding to an emergency; or remedying environmental contamination that poses a threat to public health and safety. (d) Subdivision (b) of this section does not apply when State or local government exercises the power of eminent domain for the purpose of acquiring private property for a public work or improvement. (e) For the purpose of this section: 1. “Conveyance” means a transfer of real property whether by sale, lease, gift, franchise, or otherwise. 2. “Local government” means any city, including a charter city, county, city and county, school district, special district, authority, regional entity, redevelopment agency, or any other political subdivision within the State. 3. “Owner-occupied residence” means real property that is improved with a single-family residence such as a detached home, condominium, or townhouse and that is the owner or owners’ principal place of residence for at least one year prior to the State or local government’s initial written offer to purchase the property. Owner-occupied residence also includes a residential dwelling unit attached to or detached from such a single-family residence which provides complete independent living facilities for one or more persons. 4. “Person” means any individual or association, or any business entity, including, but not limited to, a partnership, corporation, or limited liability company. 5. “Public work or improvement” means facilities or infrastructure for the delivery of public services such as education, police, fire protection, parks, recreation, emergency medical, public health, libraries, flood protection, streets or highways, public transit, railroad, airports and seaports; utility, common carrier or other similar projects such as energy-related, communication-related, water-related and wastewater-related facilities or infrastructure; projects identified by a State or local government for recovery from natural disasters; and private uses incidental to, or necessary for, the public work or improvement. 6. “State” means the State of California and any of its agencies or departments. (Sec. 19 amended June 3, 2008, by Prop. 99. Initiative measure.)
Cal. Const. art. IV, § 15 — Article IV / Section 15
California Constitution Article IV, Section 15
Status: in_force

A person who seeks to influence the vote or action of a member of the Legislature in the member’s legislative capacity by bribery, promise of reward, intimidation, or other dishonest means, or a member of the Legislature so influenced, is guilty of a felony. (Sec. 15 amended Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 11. Res.Ch. 96, 1974.)
Cal. Const. art. V, § 6 — Article V / Section 6
California Constitution Article V, Section 6
Status: in_force

Authority may be provided by statute for the Governor to assign and reorganize functions among executive officers and agencies and their employees, other than elective officers and agencies administered by elective officers. (Sec. 6 added Nov. 8, 1966, by Prop. 1-a. Res.Ch. 139, 1966 1st Ex. Sess.)
Cal. Const. art. XIII, § 17 — Article XIII / Section 17
California Constitution Article XIII, Section 17
Status: in_force

The Board of Equalization consists of 5 voting members: the Controller and 4 members elected for 4-year terms at gubernatorial elections. The State shall be divided into four Board of Equalization districts with the voters of each district electing one member. No member may serve more than 2 terms. (Sec. 17 amended Nov. 6, 1990, by Prop. 140. Initiative measure.)
Cal. Const. art. XII, § 8 — Article XII / Section 8
California Constitution Article XII, Section 8
Status: in_force

A city, county, or other public body may not regulate matters over which the Legislature grants regulatory power to the Commission. This section does not affect power over public utilities relating to the making and enforcement of police, sanitary, and other regulations concerning municipal affairs pursuant to a city charter existing on October 10, 1911, unless that power has been revoked by the city’s electors, or the right of any city to grant franchises for public utilities or other businesses on terms, conditions, and in the manner prescribed by law. (Sec. 8 added Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 12. Res.Ch. 88, 1974.)
Cal. Const. art. I, § 13 — Article I / Section 13
California Constitution Article I, Section 13
Status: in_force

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable seizures and searches may not be violated; and a warrant may not issue except on probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons and things to be seized. (Sec. 13 added Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 7. Res.Ch. 90, 1974.)
Cal. Const. art. I, § 24 — Article I / Section 24
California Constitution Article I, Section 24
Status: in_force

Rights guaranteed by this Constitution are not dependent on those guaranteed by the United States Constitution. In criminal cases the rights of a defendant to equal protection of the laws, to due process of law, to the assistance of counsel, to be personally present with counsel, to a speedy and public trial, to compel the attendance of witnesses, to confront the witnesses against him or her, to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures, to privacy, to not be compelled to be a witness against himself or herself, to not be placed twice in jeopardy for the same offense, and to not suffer the imposition of cruel or unusual punishment, shall be construed by the courts of this State in a manner consistent with the Constitution of the United States. This Constitution shall not be construed by the courts to afford greater rights to criminal defendants than those afforded by the Constitution of the United States, nor shall it be construed to afford greater rights to minors in juvenile proceedings on criminal causes than those afforded by the Constitution of the United States. This declaration of rights may not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people. (Sec. 24 amended June 5, 1990, by Prop. 115. Initiative measure.) Section 25. The people shall have the right to fish upon and from the public lands of the State and in the waters thereof, excepting upon lands set aside for fish hatcheries, and no land owned by the State shall ever be sold or transferred without reserving in the people the absolute right to fish thereupon; and no law shall ever be passed making it a crime for the people to enter upon the public lands within this State for the purpose of fishing in any water containing fish that have been planted therein by the State; provided, that the legislature may by statute, provide for the season when and the conditions under which the different species of fish may be taken. (Sec. 25 added Nov. 8, 1910, by A.C.A. 14. Res.Ch. 44, 1909.)
Cal. Const. art. XX, § 1 — Article XX / Section 1
California Constitution Article XX, Section 1
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6 of Article XI, the County of Sacramento and all or any of the cities within the County of Sacramento may be consolidated as a charter city and county as provided by statute, with the approval of a majority of the electors of the county voting on the question of such consolidation and upon such other vote as the Legislature may prescribe in such statute. The charter City and County of Sacramento shall be a charter city and a charter county. Its charter city powers supersede conflicting charter county powers. (Sec. 1 added June 4, 1974, by Prop. 8. Res.Ch. 159, 1973.)
Cal. Const. art. XVI, § 14 — Article XVI / Section 14
California Constitution Article XVI, Section 14
Status: in_force

The Legislature may provide for the issuance of revenue bonds to finance the acquisition, construction, and installation of environmental pollution control facilities, including the acquisition of all technological facilities necessary or convenient for pollution control, and for the lease or sale of such facilities to persons, associations, or corporations, other than municipal corporations; provided, that such revenue bonds shall not be secured by the taxing power of the State; and provided, further, that the Legislature may, by resolution adopted by either house, prohibit or limit any proposed issuance of such revenue bonds. No provision of this Constitution, including, but not limited to, Section 25 of Article XIII and Sections 1 and 2 of Article XVI, shall be construed as a limitation upon the authority granted to the Legislature pursuant to this section. Nothing herein contained shall authorize any public agency to operate any industrial or commercial enterprise. (Sec. 14 added Nov. 7, 1972, by Prop. 3. Res.Ch. 91, 1972.)
Cal. Const. art. VII, § 6 — Article VII / Section 6
California Constitution Article VII, Section 6
Status: in_force

(a) The Legislature may provide preferences for veterans and their surviving spouses. (b) The board by special rule may permit persons in exempt positions, brought under civil service by constitutional provision, to qualify to continue in their positions. (c) When the State undertakes work previously performed by a county, city, public district of this State or by a federal department or agency, the board by special rule shall provide for persons who previously performed this work to qualify to continue in their positions in the state civil service subject to such minimum standards as may be established by statute. (Sec. 6 added June 8, 1976, by Prop. 14. Res.Ch. 5, 1976.)
Cal. Const. art. XVI, § 1.5 — Article XVI / Section 1.5
California Constitution Article XVI, Section 1.5
Status: in_force

The Legislature may create and establish a “General Obligation Bond Proceeds Fund” in the State Treasury, and may provide for the proceeds of the sale of general obligation bonds of the State heretofore or hereafter issued, including any sums paid as accrued interest thereon, under any or all acts authorizing the issuance of such bonds, to be paid into or transferred to, as the case may be, the “General Obligation Bond Proceeds Fund.” Accounts shall be maintained in the “General Obligation Bond Proceeds Fund” of all moneys deposited in the State Treasury to the credit of that fund and the proceeds of each bond issue shall be maintained as a separate and distinct account and shall be paid out only in accordance with the law authorizing the issuance of the particular bonds from which the proceeds were derived. The Legislature may abolish, subject to the conditions of this section, any fund in the State Treasury heretofore or hereafter created by any act for the purpose of having deposited therein the proceeds from the issuance of bonds if such proceeds are transferred to or paid into the “General Obligation Bond Proceeds Fund” pursuant to the authority granted in this section; provided, however, that nothing in this section shall prevent the Legislature from re-establishing any bond proceeds fund so abolished and transferring back to its credit all proceeds in the “General Obligation Bond Proceeds Fund” which constitute the proceeds of the particular bond fund being re-established. (Sec. 1.5 added Nov. 6, 1962, by Prop. 9. Res.Ch. 223, 1961.)
Cal. Const. art. IX, § 3.2 — Article IX / Section 3.2
California Constitution Article IX, Section 3.2
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any provision of this Constitution to the contrary, any two or more chartered counties, or nonchartered counties, or any combination thereof, may, by a majority vote of the electors of each such county voting on the proposition at an election called for that purpose in each such county, establish one joint board of education and one joint county superintendent of schools for the counties so uniting. A joint county board of education and a joint county superintendent of schools shall be governed by the general statutes and shall not be governed by the provisions of any county charter. (Sec. 3.2 added Nov. 2, 1976, by Prop. 8. Res.Ch. 57, 1976.)
Cal. Const. art. XIII, § 10 — Article XIII / Section 10
California Constitution Article XIII, Section 10
Status: in_force

Real property in a parcel of 10 or more acres which, on the lien date and for 2 or more years immediately preceding, has been used exclusively for nonprofit golf course purposes shall be assessed for taxation on the basis of such use, plus any value attributable to mines, quarries, hydrocarbon substances, or other minerals in the property or the right to extract hydrocarbons or other minerals from the property. (Sec. 10 added Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 8. Res.Ch. 70, 1974.)
Cal. Const. art. IX, § 1 — Article IX / Section 1
California Constitution Article IX, Section 1
Status: in_force

A general diffusion of knowledge and intelligence being essential to the preservation of the rights and liberties of the people, the Legislature shall encourage by all suitable means the promotion of intellectual, scientific, moral, and agricultural improvement. (Sec. 1 adopted 1879.)
Cal. Const. art. XIII, § 12 — Article XIII / Section 12
California Constitution Article XIII, Section 12
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), taxes on personal property, possessory interests in land, and taxable improvements located on land exempt from taxation which are not a lien upon land sufficient in value to secure their payment shall be levied at the rates for the preceding tax year upon property of the same kind where the taxes were a lien upon land sufficient in value to secure their payment. (b) In any year in which the assessment ratio is changed, the Legislature shall adjust the rate described in subdivision (a) to maintain equality between property on the secured and unsecured rolls. (Sec. 12 amended Nov. 2, 1976, by Prop. 11. Res.Ch. 60, 1976.)
Cal. Const. art. VII, § 1 — Article VII / Section 1
California Constitution Article VII, Section 1
Status: in_force

(a) The civil service includes every officer and employee of the State except as otherwise provided in this Constitution. (b) In the civil service permanent appointment and promotion shall be made under a general system based on merit ascertained by competitive examination. (Sec. 1 added June 8, 1976, by Prop. 14. Res.Ch. 5, 1976.)
Cal. Const. art. VI, § 8 — Article VI / Section 8
California Constitution Article VI, Section 8
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission on Judicial Performance consists of one judge of a court of appeal and two judges of superior courts, each appointed by the Supreme Court; two members of the State Bar of California who have practiced law in this State for 10 years, each appointed by the Governor; and six citizens who are not judges, retired judges, or members of the State Bar of California, two of whom shall be appointed by the Governor, two by the Senate Committee on Rules, and two by the Speaker of the Assembly. Except as provided in subdivisions (b) and (c), all terms are for four years. No member shall serve more than two four-year terms, or for more than a total of 10 years if appointed to fill a vacancy. (b) Commission membership terminates if a member ceases to hold the position that qualified the member for appointment. A vacancy shall be filled by the appointing power for the remainder of the term. A member whose term has expired may continue to serve until the vacancy has been filled by the appointing power. Appointing powers may appoint members who are already serving on the commission prior to March 1, 1995, to a single two-year term, but may not appoint them to an additional term thereafter. (c) To create staggered terms among the members of the Commission on Judicial Performance, the following members shall be appointed, as follows: (1) Two members appointed by the Supreme Court to a term commencing March 1, 1995, shall each serve a term of two years and may be reappointed to one full term. (2) One attorney appointed by the Governor to a term commencing March 1, 1995, shall serve a term of two years and may be reappointed to one full term. (3) One citizen member appointed by the Governor to a term commencing March 1, 1995, shall serve a term of two years and may be reappointed to one full term. (4) One member appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules to a term commencing March 1, 1995, shall serve a term of two years and may be reappointed to one full term. (5) One member appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly to a term commencing March 1, 1995, shall serve a term of two years and may be reappointed to one full term. (6) All other members shall be appointed to full four-year terms commencing March 1, 1995. (Sec. 8 amended Nov. 5, 2002, by Prop. 48. Res.Ch. 88, 2002.)
Cal. Const. art. XXI, § 1 — Article XXI / Section 1
California Constitution Article XXI, Section 1
Status: in_force

In the year following the year in which the national census is taken under the direction of Congress at the beginning of each decade, the Citizens Redistricting Commission described in Section 2 shall adjust the boundary lines of the congressional, State Senatorial, Assembly, and Board of Equalization districts (also known as “redistricting”) in conformance with the standards and process set forth in Section 2. (Sec. 1 amended Nov. 2, 2010, by Prop. 20. Initiative measure.)
Cal. Const. art. XX, § 2 — Article XX / Section 2
California Constitution Article XX, Section 2
Status: in_force

Except for tax exemptions provided in Article XIII, the rights, powers, privileges, and confirmations conferred by Sections 10 and 15 of Article IX in effect on January 1, 1973, relating to Stanford University and the Huntington Library and Art Gallery, are continued in effect. (Sec. 2 renumbered from Sec. 6 on June 8, 1976, by Prop. 14. Res.Ch. 5, 1976.)
Cal. Const. art. XIII, § 19 — Article XIII / Section 19
California Constitution Article XIII, Section 19
Status: in_force

The Board shall annually assess (1) pipelines, flumes, canals, ditches, and aqueducts lying within 2 or more counties and (2) property, except franchises, owned or used by regulated railway, telegraph, or telephone companies, car companies operating on railways in the State, and companies transmitting or selling gas or electricity. This property shall be subject to taxation to the same extent and in the same manner as other property. No other tax or license charge may be imposed on these companies which differs from that imposed on mercantile, manufacturing, and other business corporations. This restriction does not release a utility company from payments agreed on or required by law for a special privilege or franchise granted by a government body. The Legislature may authorize Board assessment of property owned or used by other public utilities. The Board may delegate to a local assessor the duty to assess a property used but not owned by a state assessee on which the taxes are to be paid by a local assessee. (Sec. 19 added Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 8. Res.Ch. 70, 1974.)
Cal. Const. art. IV, § 17 — Article IV / Section 17
California Constitution Article IV, Section 17
Status: in_force

The Legislature has no power to grant, or to authorize a city, county, or other public body to grant, extra compensation or extra allowance to a public officer, public employee, or contractor after service has been rendered or a contract has been entered into and performed in whole or in part, or to authorize the payment of a claim against the State or a city, county, or other public body under an agreement made without authority of law. (Sec. 17 added Nov. 8, 1966, by Prop. 1-a. Res.Ch. 139, 1966 1st Ex. Sess.)
Cal. Const. art. V, § 11 — Article V / Section 11
California Constitution Article V, Section 11
Status: in_force

The Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Controller, Secretary of State, and Treasurer shall be elected at the same time and places and for the same term as the Governor. No Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Controller, Secretary of State, or Treasurer may serve in the same office for more than 2 terms. (Sec. 11 amended Nov. 6, 1990, by Prop. 140. Initiative measure.)
Cal. Const. art. III, § 2 — Article III / Section 2
California Constitution Article III, Section 2
Status: in_force

The boundaries of the State are those stated in the Constitution of 1849 as modified pursuant to statute. Sacramento is the capital of California. (Sec. 2 added Nov. 7, 1972, by Prop. 6. Res.Ch. 120, 1972.)