Ala. Code § 32-7-22 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-22
Section 32-7-22 Motor Vehicle Liability Policy Defined; Policy Provisions
Status: in_force

(a) A motor vehicle liability policy, as the term is used in this chapter, means an owner’s or an operator’s policy of liability insurance, certified as provided in Section 32-7-20 or Section 32-7-21 as proof of financial responsibility, and issued, except as otherwise provided in Section 32-7-21, by an insurance carrier duly authorized to transact business in this state, to or for the benefit of the person named in the policy as insured.

(b) The owner’s policy of liability insurance:

(1) Shall designate by explicit description or by appropriate reference all motor vehicles to be insured; and

(2) Shall insure the person named in the policy and any other person, as insured, using any motor vehicle or motor vehicles designated in the policy with the express or implied permission of the named insured, against loss from the liability imposed by law for damages arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of such motor vehicle or motor vehicles within the United States of America or the Dominion of Canada, subject to limits exclusive of interest and costs, with respect to each such motor vehicle, in the amount of not less than the minimum amounts set for bodily injury or death and for destruction of property under subsection (c) of Section 32-7-6.

(c) The operator’s policy of liability insurance shall insure the person named as insured in the policy against loss from the liability imposed upon him or her by law for damages arising out of the use by him or her of any motor vehicle not owned by him or her, within the same territorial limits and subject to the same limits of liability as are set forth above with respect to an owner’s policy of liability insurance.

(d) The motor vehicle liability policy shall state the name and address of the named insured, the coverage afforded by the policy, the premium charged for the policy, the policy period, and the limits of liability and shall contain an agreement or be endorsed that insurance is provided under the policy in accordance with the coverage defined in this chapter for bodily injury and death or property damage, or both, and is subject to all the provisions of this chapter.

(e) The motor vehicle liability policy need not insure any liability under any workers’ compensation law nor any liability on account of bodily injury to or death of an employee of the insured while engaged in the employment, other than domestic, of the insured, or while engaged in the operation, maintenance, or repair of any motor vehicle nor any liability for damage to property owned by, rented to, in charge of or transported by the insured.

(f) Every motor vehicle liability policy shall be subject to the following provisions which need not be contained in the policy:

(1) The liability of the insurance carrier with respect to the insurance required by this chapter shall become absolute whenever injury or damage covered by the motor vehicle liability policy occurs. The policy may not be cancelled or annulled as to that liability by any agreement between the insurance carrier and the insured after the occurrence of the injury or damage. Any statement made by the insured or on his or her behalf and any violation of the policy shall not defeat or void the policy.

(2) The satisfaction by the insured of a judgment for injury or damage shall not be a condition precedent to the right or duty of the insurance carrier to make payment on account of injury or damage.

(3) The insurance carrier shall have the right to settle any claim covered by the policy, and if the settlement is made in good faith, the amount of the settlement shall be deductible from the limits of liability specified in subdivision (2) of subsection (b) of this section.

(4) The policy, the written application for the policy, if any, and any rider or endorsement which does not conflict with this chapter shall constitute the entire contract between the parties.

(g) Any policy which grants the coverage required for a motor vehicle liability policy may also grant any lawful coverage in excess of or in addition to the coverage specified for a motor vehicle liability policy, and the excess or additional coverage shall not be subject to this chapter. With respect to a policy which grants any excess or additional coverage, the term “motor vehicle liability policy” shall apply only to that part of the coverage which is required by this section.

(h) Any motor vehicle liability policy may provide that the insured shall reimburse the insurance carrier for any payment the insurance carrier would not have been obligated to make under the terms of the policy except for this chapter.

(i) Any motor vehicle liability policy may provide for the prorating of the insurance by its terms with other valid and collectible insurance.

(j) The requirements for a motor vehicle liability policy may be fulfilled by the policies of one or more insurance carriers which policies together meet the requirements for a policy.

(k) Any binder issued pending the issuance of a motor vehicle liability policy shall be deemed to fulfill the requirements for a policy.
Ala. Code § 32-9-21 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-21
Section 32-9-21 Maximum Permissible Length and Width of Motor Bus
Status: in_force

(a) The term motor bus, wherever used in this section, means any motor-propelled vehicle used on the highways of this state for the transportation of passengers for hire.

(b) Except as provided in subsection (d), it shall be lawful to drive or operate upon any highway in this state any motor bus which does not exceed 45 feet in length, and eight and one-half feet in width, exclusive of detachable wind deflection devices which have been approved by the State Department of Transportation and safety equipment.

(c) The term articulated motor bus, wherever used in this section, means any motor bus, divided into joined sections, that actuates in a manner ensuring a turning radius which is less than a motor bus of the same length without such joined actuation.

(d) It shall be lawful to drive or operate on any highway in this state an articulated motor bus which does not exceed 60 feet in length, and eight and one-half feet in width, exclusive of detachable wind deflection devices which have been approved by the State Department of Transportation and safety equipment.

(e) Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to change in any way any law affecting the regulation of any motor bus except with respect to the maximum permissible length and width thereof.
Ala. Code § 32-7-21 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-21
Section 32-7-21 Certificate Furnished by Nonresident as Proof
Status: in_force

(a) The nonresident owner of a motor vehicle not registered in this state may give proof of financial responsibility by filing with the director a written certificate or certificates of an insurance carrier authorized to transact business in the state in which the motor vehicle or motor vehicles described in such certificate is registered, or if such nonresident does not own a motor vehicle, then in the state in which the insured resides, provided such certificate otherwise conforms to the provisions of this chapter, and the director shall accept the same upon condition that said insurance carrier complies with the following provisions with respect to the policies so certified:

(1) The insurance carrier shall execute a power of attorney authorizing the director to accept service on its behalf of notice or process in any action arising out of a motor vehicle accident in this state; and

(2) The insurance carrier shall agree in writing that such policies shall be deemed to conform with the laws of this state relating to the terms of motor vehicle liability policies issued herein.

(b) If any insurance carrier not authorized to transact business in this state, which has qualified to furnish proof of financial responsibility, defaults in any said undertakings or agreements, the director shall not thereafter accept as proof any certificate of the carrier whether theretofore filed or thereafter tendered as proof so long as such default continues.
Ala. Code § 32-14-23 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 14 / Section 32-14-23
Section 32-14-23 Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2015-70 effective April 21, 2015.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-9 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-9
Section 32-5A-9 Penalty for Felony
Status: in_force

Any person who is convicted of a violation of any of the provisions of this chapter herein or by the laws of this state declared to constitute a felony shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one year nor more than 10 years, or by a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 32-6-530 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-530
Section 32-6-530 Issuance of Distinctive License Plates; Duration; Fees; Design
Status: in_force

(a) Upon application to the judge of probate or license commissioner, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of an additional annual fee of fifty dollars ($50), owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive “4-H Club Foundation” plates.

(b) These plates shall be valid for five years, and may then be replaced with plates of the same type or other valid plates.

(c) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(d) The 4-H Club Foundation shall design, or have designed, the plate which design shall be approved by the Department of Revenue. Section 32-6-54 shall not apply to the plates designed pursuant to this section.

(e) The plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive and personalized plates provided for in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-5-219 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-219
Section 32-5-219 Location of Television Viewers
Status: in_force

No television viewer, screen, or other means of visually receiving a television broadcast shall be located in a motor vehicle at any point forward of the back of the driver’s seat or in any manner so that the driver of the vehicle can see it while in actual control of the vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-1-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 1 / Section 32-1-6
Section 32-1-6 Depositing Driver’s License in Lieu of Bail in Certain Cases - Violation of Traffic Ordinance of Incorporated Municipality
Status: in_force

(a) Whenever any person lawfully possessed of a chauffeur’s or driver’s license theretofore issued to him or her by the Department of Public Safety of the State of Alabama, or under the laws of any other state or territory, or the District of Columbia of the United States, shall be arrested and charged with any violation of any traffic ordinance of any incorporated municipality, for which under the provisions of such ordinance the arresting officer is directed to take a written bond, he or she shall have the option of depositing his or her chauffeur’s or driver’s license so issued to him or her with the arresting officer or the clerk of the district court or municipal court, in lieu of any other security which may be required for his or her appearance in the district court or municipal court in answer to such charge lodged in such court.

(b) If such person arrested elects to deposit his or her license, as herein provided, the arresting officer or clerk of the district court or municipal court shall issue such person a receipt for said license upon a form furnished or prescribed by the municipality, and thereafter said person shall be permitted to operate a motor vehicle upon the highways of this state during the pendency of the case in which the license was deposited, unless his or her license or privilege is otherwise revoked, suspended, or cancelled.

(c) The clerk of the court in which the charge is lodged shall immediately forward to the Department of Public Safety of the State of Alabama the license of the driver which was deposited in lieu of bail if the driver fails to appear in answer to the charge against him or her. The Director of Public Safety shall, upon receipt of a license so forwarded by the clerk, suspend the driver license and driving privilege of the defaulting driver until notified by the court that the charge against such driver has been finally adjudicated.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.20 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.20
Section 32-6-49.20 Applicability to Offenses Committed 60 Days After Effective Date and Thereafter
Status: in_force

Only offenses committed 60 days after the effective date of this article, and thereafter, shall be affected by the provisions of this article.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-181 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-181
Section 32-5A-181 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this article, the following words have the following meanings:

(1) REDUCED SPEED SCHOOL ZONE. A designated length of a road or highway extending between school zone speed limit signs with or without warning lights.

(2) ROAD or HIGHWAY. Any road or highway except an interstate highway.

(3) SCHOOL ZONE. All public or private school property, including school grounds and any road or highway abutting the school grounds and extending 300 feet along the road or highway from the school grounds.
Ala. Code § 32-4-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 4 / Section 32-4-7
Section 32-4-7 Powers of Local Governing Bodies
Status: in_force

The governing authorities of the various counties and municipalities are empowered to contract with the state, federal, and other local, public and private agencies and organizations and exercise other necessary powers to participate to the fullest extent possible in the highway and traffic safety programs of this state, the provisions of the “National Highway Safety Act of 1966” and all subsequent amendments thereto and similar federal programs of highway and traffic safety.
Ala. Code § 32-8-37 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-37
Section 32-8-37 Check of Vehicle Identification Number Against List of Stolen Vehicles; Issuance of Certificate; Records
Status: in_force

(a) The department upon receiving an application for certificate of title shall check the vehicle identification number shown in the application against the record of stolen or converted vehicles maintained by it.

(b) The department shall examine each application received and, when satisfied that the applicant is entitled to the issuance of a certificate of title, shall issue a certificate of title to the vehicle on the form prescribed by the department.

(c) The department shall maintain a record of all certificates of title issued pursuant to the provisions of this chapter:

(1) Under a distinctive title number assigned to the vehicle;

(2) Under the vehicle identification number;

(3) Under the name of the owner; and

(4) In the discretion of the department, by any other method the department determines.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-191.3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-191.3
Section 32-5A-191.3 Operation of Vessel and Other Marine Devices While Under Influence of Alcohol or Controlled Substances
Status: in_force

(a) A person shall not operate or be in actual physical control of any vessel, or manipulate any water skis, aquaplane, or any other marine transportation device on the waters of this state, as the waters are defined in Section 33-5-3, under any condition in which a person would be guilty of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs pursuant to Section 32-5A-191 if the person was driving or controlling a motor vehicle.

(b) In the case of a vessel or other marine device described in subsection (a), where a law enforcement officer has probable cause to believe that the operator of the vessel or other marine device is operating in violation of this section, the law enforcement officer is authorized to administer and may test the operator, at the scene, by using a field breathalyzer or other approved device, as a screening device, to determine if the operator may be operating a vessel or device in violation of subsection (a). Refusal to submit to a field breathalyzer test or other approved testing device shall result in the same punishment as provided in subsection (c) of Section 32-5-192 for operators of motor vehicles on the state highways.

(c) The fact that any person charged with violating this section is or has been legally entitled to use alcohol or a controlled substance shall not constitute a defense against any charge of violating this section.

(d) Upon a first or subsequent conviction, a person violating this section shall be punished in the same manner and under the same conditions as a person convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs pursuant to Section 32-5A-191, or any successor section or sections providing for the offense of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, except that in any case where reference is made to the Director of Public Safety and the driving privilege or driver’s license of the person, the reference shall be deemed to refer to the Commissioner of Conservation and Natural Resources and the vessel operating privilege or boater safety certification of the person convicted under this section.

(e) Neither reckless or careless operation of a vessel, nor any other boating or water safety infraction, is a lesser included offense under a charge of operating a vessel while under the influence of alcohol or controlled substances.

(f) All fines collected for violation of this section as to vessels or other marine devices on the waters of this state shall be paid into the State Water Safety Fund.

(g) A person who has been arrested for violating this section shall not be released from jail under bond or otherwise, until there is less than the same percent by weight of alcohol in the person’s blood as specified in subdivision (1) of subsection (a).

(h) Upon verification that a defendant arrested pursuant to this section is currently on probation from another court of this state as a result of a conviction for any criminal offense, the prosecutor shall provide written or oral notification of the defendant’s subsequent arrest and pending prosecution to the court in which the prior conviction occurred.

(i) When any person over the age of 21 years is convicted pursuant to this section and a child under the age of 14 years was present on the vessel or other marine device described in subsection (a) at the time of the offense, the defendant shall be sentenced to double the minimum punishment that the person would have received if the child had not been present.

(j) “Vessel,” for the purposes of this section, shall mean any vessel as defined in Section 33-5-3, operated on the waters of this state, as defined in Section 33-5-3.

(k) No provision of this section shall be construed to assess points for DUI convictions under motor vehicle convictions for driving under the influence.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-307 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-307
Section 32-5A-307 Administrative Hearing
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who has received a notice of intended suspension pursuant to Section 32-5A-303 or a notice of suspension pursuant to Section 32-5A-302 where no notice of intended suspension was served may request an administrative hearing. A request for an administrative hearing shall be in writing and shall be hand delivered or mailed to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, Driver License Division, in Montgomery, Alabama. The request shall be received by the agency or be mailed and postmarked within 10 days of the notice of intended suspension issued pursuant to Section 32-5A-303 or the notice of suspension issued pursuant to Section 32-5A-302 where no notice of intended suspension was served. Failure to request an administrative hearing within 10 days shall constitute a waiver of the person’s right to an administrative hearing and judicial review under this article. If the driver’s license of the person has not been previously surrendered, it shall be surrendered at the hearing. A request for a hearing shall not stay the driving privilege suspension.

(b) The hearing shall be scheduled to be held as quickly as practicable and not more than 30 days after the filing of the request for a hearing. The hearing shall be held at a location designated by the Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency unless the parties agree to a different location. The agency shall provide a written notice of the time and place of the hearing to the party requesting the hearing at least five days prior to the scheduled hearing, unless the parties agree to waive this requirement.

(c) The hearing shall be before the secretary or his or her duly authorized agent. Upon the hearing, the secretary, or his or her duly authorized agent, may administer oaths and may issue subpoenas for the attendance of witnesses and the production of relevant books and papers and may require a re-examination of the licensee. Upon the hearing, the secretary, or his or her duly authorized agent, shall make a final determination which either rescinds the order of suspension or, for good cause appearing, continues, modifies, or extends the suspension of the licensee. If the hearing is conducted by a duly authorized agent instead of by the secretary, the determination of the agency shall not be final until approved by the secretary.

(d) The sole issues at the hearing shall be whether by a preponderance of the evidence the person drove or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle with 0.08 percent or more by weight of alcohol in the blood, or whether the person refused a test as provided in Section 32-5-192.

(e) The decision of the secretary shall be rendered in writing, and shall be mailed to the person who requested the hearing at their last known address on file with the agency.

(f) If the person who requested the hearing fails to appear without just cause, the right to a hearing shall be waived.

(g) The procedures set forth in this article shall be the sole and exclusive manner to determine the administration of this article. The Alabama Administrative Procedure Act in Sections 41-22-1 to 41-22-27, inclusive, shall not apply.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-219 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-219
Section 32-5A-219 Pedestrians to Yield to Authorized Emergency Vehicles
Status: in_force

(a) Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle making use of an audible signal meeting the requirements of Section 32-5-213 and visual signals meeting the requirements of law, or of a police vehicle properly and lawfully making use of an audible signal only, every pedestrian shall yield the right-of-way to the authorized emergency vehicle.

(b) This section shall not relieve the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons using the highway nor from the duty to exercise due care to avoid colliding with any pedestrian.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-7
Section 32-5A-7 Authorized Emergency Vehicles
Status: in_force

(a) The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle, when responding to an emergency call or when in the pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law or when responding to but not upon returning from a fire alarm, may exercise the privileges set forth in this section, but subject to the conditions herein stated.

(b) The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle may:

(1) Park or stand, irrespective of the provisions of this chapter;

(2) Proceed past a red or stop signal or stop sign, but only after slowing down as may be necessary for safe operation;

(3) Exceed the maximum speed limits so long as he does not endanger life or property;

(4) Disregard regulations governing direction of movement or turning in specified directions.

(c) The exemptions herein granted to an authorized emergency vehicle shall apply only when such vehicle is making use of an audible signal meeting the requirements of Section 32-5-213 and visual requirements of any laws of this state requiring visual signals on emergency vehicles.

(d) The foregoing provisions shall not relieve the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons, nor shall such provisions protect the driver from the consequences of his reckless disregard for the safety of others.
Ala. Code § 32-20-44 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-44
Section 32-20-44 Satisfaction
Status: in_force

(a) Upon the satisfaction of a security interest in a manufactured home for which the certificate of title is in the possession of the lienholder, he or she, within 10 days after demand, shall execute a release of his or her security interest, in the space provided therefor on the certificate or as the department prescribes, and mail or deliver the certificate and release to the next lienholder named therein, or, if none, to the owner or any person who delivers to the lienholder an authorization from the owner to receive the certificate. The owner, other than a dealer holding the manufactured home for resale, shall promptly cause the certificate and release to be mailed or delivered to the department, which shall release the lienholder’s rights on the certificate or issue a new certificate.

(b) Upon the satisfaction of a security interest in a manufactured home for which the certificate of title is in the possession of a prior lienholder, the lienholder whose security interest is satisfied, within 10 days after demand, shall execute a release in the form the department prescribes and deliver the release to the owner or any person who delivers to the lienholder an authorization from the owner to receive it. The lienholder in possession of the certificate of title shall either deliver the certificate to the owner, or the person authorized by him or her, for delivery to the department, or, upon receipt of the release, mail or deliver it with the certificate to the department which shall release the subordinate lienholder’s rights on the certificate or issue a new certificate.

(c) Upon receipt of the releases of security interests mentioned in subsections (a) and (b), the department shall file each release in the manner prescribed by the department and note the same upon the records of notices of security interests maintained by it.
Ala. Code § 32-15A-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15A / Section 32-15A-6
Section 32-15A-6
Status: in_force

(a) A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall collect and verify records pertaining to the use of all shared vehicles used in a peer-to-peer car sharing program, including, but not limited to, all of the following:

(1) The number of times the shared vehicle is used.

(2) Car sharing period pick-up and drop-off locations.

(3) Fees paid by the shared vehicle driver.

(4) Revenues received by the shared vehicle owner.

(b) To facilitate a claim coverage investigation, settlement, negotiation, or litigation, the peer-to-peer car sharing program, upon request, shall provide the records collected under subsection (a) to the shared vehicle owner, the shared vehicle owner’s insurer, or the shared vehicle driver’s insurer.

(c) The peer-to-peer car sharing program shall retain the records for a time period not less than the applicable personal injury statute of limitations.
Ala. Code § 32-6-171 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-171
Section 32-6-171 Authorized; Distinctive Lettering
Status: in_force

Members of volunteer rescue squads may, upon application and subject to the provisions of this division, be issued distinctive motor vehicle license plates or tags identifying these persons with such organizations. The distinctive plates or tags so issued members of these organizations shall bear the letters “R.S.” and the proper number stamped thereon.
Ala. Code § 32-18-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 18 / Section 32-18-5
Section 32-18-5 Stickers; Control of Tests
Status: in_force

The Director of Public Safety of Alabama shall approve the shape, size, color, and inscription of a sticker to be placed by any such city so operating or in which are operated motor vehicle testing stations hereunder upon the windshield of any motor vehicle so passing the tests herein provided. No such certificate shall be issued or attached to any motor vehicle until and unless such vehicle shall, upon such inspection, be found to comply with the terms and conditions and requirements imposed by law and the ordinance adopted under this chapter. The director shall also have supervision and control over the type of tests and the facilities therefor in any such motor vehicle testing station, and any such city desiring to establish any such station or to designate any privately owned station shall first procure the approval of such tests and facilities by the Director of Public Safety.
Ala. Code § 32-6-232 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-232
Section 32-6-232 Parking in Designated Zones; Exceptions
Status: reserved

Individuals with long-term and temporary disabilities to whom removable windshield placards or distinctive special access or disability access license plates are issued, and the operators of motor vehicles on which these distinctive license plates are issued when transporting individuals with disabilities, shall be allowed to park in parking zones designated for individuals with disabilities upon the payment of parking fees the same as any other person. This section does not permit parking in zones where stopping, standing, or parking is prohibited to all vehicles, or zones reserved for special types of vehicles. This section also does not permit parking when there is a local ordinance prohibiting parking during heavy traffic periods during morning, afternoon, or evening rush hours, or where parking would clearly present a traffic hazard. All parking places for individuals with disabilities shall comply with ANSI A. 117.1 (1980) standards.
Ala. Code § 32-9-23 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-23
Section 32-9-23 Exemptions - Milk Transporters
Status: in_force

There shall be exempt from the provisions of this article as to weight any truck or semitrailer truck transporting milk for human consumption, for which refrigeration and transit is reasonably necessary in the interest of public health, when moving under refrigeration to or from market from the territory in which such commodity is collected or concentrated.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-1
Section 32-5A-1 Short Title
Status: in_force

This chapter may be cited as the Alabama Rules of the Road Act.
Ala. Code § 32-9C-10 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9C / Section 32-9C-10
Section 32-9C-10 Operation of an On-Demand Autonomous Vehicle Network
Status: in_force

An on-demand autonomous vehicle network shall be permitted to operate pursuant to state laws governing the operation of transportation network companies with the exception that any provision of this state’s laws, including Chapter 7C which reasonably applies only to a conventional human driver would not apply to the operation of ADS-equipped vehicles with the ADS engaged on an on-demand autonomous vehicle network. A fully autonomous vehicle with the automated driving system engaged while logged on to an on-demand autonomous vehicle network must meet the insurance requirements in Section 32-9C-4.
Ala. Code § 32-7-28 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-28
Section 32-7-28 Owner May Give Proof for Others
Status: in_force

Whenever any person required to give proof of financial responsibility under this chapter is or later becomes an operator in the employ of any owner, or is or later becomes a member of the immediate family or household of the owner, the director shall accept proof given by such owner in lieu of proof by such other person to permit such other person to operate a motor vehicle for which the owner has given proof as herein provided. The director shall designate the restrictions imposed by this section on the face of such person’s license.
Ala. Code § 32-7-31 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-31
Section 32-7-31 Duration of Proof; When Proof May Be Cancelled or Returned
Status: in_force

(a) The director shall upon request consent to the immediate cancellation of any bond or certificate of insurance, or the director shall direct and the State Treasurer shall return to the person entitled thereto any money or securities deposited pursuant to this chapter as proof of financial responsibility, or the director shall waive the requirement of filing proof, in any of the following events:

(1) At any time after three years from the date such proof was required when, during the three-year period preceding the request, the director has not received record of a conviction or a forfeiture of bail which would require or permit the suspension or revocation of the license, registration, or nonresident’s operating privilege of the person by or for whom such proof was furnished; or

(2) In the event of the death of the person on whose behalf such proof was filed or the permanent incapacity of such person to operate a motor vehicle; or

(3) In the event the person who has given proof surrenders his or her license and registration to the director.

(b) The director shall not consent to the cancellation of any bond or the return of any money or securities in the event any action for damages upon a liability covered by such proof is then pending or any judgment upon any such liability is then unsatisfied or in the event the person who has filed such bond or deposited such money or securities has within one year immediately preceding such request been involved as an operator or owner in any motor vehicle accident resulting in injury or damage to the person or property of others. An affidavit of the applicant as to the nonexistence of such facts, or that he or she has been released from all of his or her liability or has been finally adjudicated not to be liable for such injury or damage shall be sufficient evidence thereof in the absence of evidence to the contrary in the records of the director.

(c) Whenever any person whose proof has been cancelled or returned under subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of this section applies for a license or registration within a period of three years from the date proof was originally required, any such application shall be refused unless the applicant shall reestablish such proof for the remainder of such three-year period.
Ala. Code § 32-7B-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7B / Section 32-7B-4
Section 32-7B-4 Functions of the Online Insurance Verification System
Status: in_force

The online insurance verification system shall:

(1) Be accessible by authorized personnel of the department for direct inquiry. Access by the courts, insurers, law enforcement, and offices of the licensing officials charged with motor vehicle registration and titling responsibilities shall be through authorized personnel of the department. Insurer access shall be limited to data or information transmission as required to operate the online insurance verification system.

(2) Be able to verify, on a 24-hour, seven days per week basis, minus permitted down time for system maintenance as prescribed by the advisory council, the insurance status of a motor vehicle via the Internet, or similar electronic system consistent with insurance industry and IICMVA recommendations and the specifications and standards of the IICMVA model dated May 8, 2008, or later models as recommended by the advisory council and adopted by the department.

(3) Be able to access insurers by using multiple keys for greater matching accuracy, including, but not limited to: Insurer NAIC number, vehicle identification numbers, policy number and other key or keys specified by the advisory council.

(4) Provide data security for the type of information transferred as prescribed by the advisory council.

(5) Utilize open and agreed to data and data transmission standards and standard schema as specified by the advisory council.
Ala. Code § 32-5-213 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-213
Section 32-5-213 Horns and Warning Devices
Status: in_force

(a) Every motor vehicle when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a horn in good working order capable of emitting a sound audible under normal conditions for a distance of not less than 200 feet.

It shall be unlawful for any vehicle to be equipped with or for any person to use upon a vehicle any siren or for any person at any time to use a horn otherwise than as a reasonable warning or to make any unnecessary or unreasonably loud or harsh sound by means of a horn or other warning device.

(b) Every police and fire department and fire patrol vehicle and every ambulance used for emergency calls shall be equipped with a siren, bell, ululating multi-toned horns or other electronic siren type device approved by the Director of Public Safety.

(c) Any person violating any of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 32-9C-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9C / Section 32-9C-4
Section 32-9C-4 Traffic Accidents
Status: in_force

If a traffic accident occurs that involves an ADS-equipped vehicle that is being operated without a conventional human driver, the requirements of Chapter 10 of Title 32 do not apply to the ADS-equipped vehicle, provided all of the following occur:

(1) The owner of the ADS-equipped vehicle, or a person acting on behalf of the owner, promptly contacts the applicable law enforcement agency to report the accident.

(2) If the ADS-equipped vehicle has the capability of promptly alerting a law enforcement agency or emergency services, the vehicle alerts a law enforcement agency or emergency services to the traffic accident.

(3) The ADS-equipped vehicle remains at the scene or in the immediate vicinity of the accident until law enforcement arrives.

(4) In accordance with Chapter 7A of Title 32, the ADS-equipped vehicle’s registration and insurance information is provided to the parties affected by the traffic accident.

(5) In the event an ADS-equipped vehicle is not an automated commercial motor vehicle under Section 32-9B-1 but is being operated by a commercial entity without a conventional human driver, the owner of the ADS-equipped vehicle shall be deemed the operator of the vehicle and shall maintain the ability to respond to damages for liability on account of any accidents arising from the use of the ADS-equipped vehicle or automated driving system in the minimum amount of one million dollars ($1,000,000) per accident for death, bodily injury, and property damage to a third party.
Ala. Code § 32-2-23 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-23
Section 32-2-23 Bonds of Officers and Members
Status: in_force

Before entering upon the duties of their respective offices, all officers and members of the state highway patrol shall execute to the State of Alabama a bond, to be approved by the Governor, in the amount of $2,000.00, for the faithful performance of their duties.
Ala. Code § 32-20-43 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-43
Section 32-20-43 Assignment
Status: in_force

(a) A lienholder may assign, absolutely or otherwise, his or her security interest in the manufactured home to a person other than the owner without affecting the interest of the owner or the validity of such security interest, but any person without notice of the assignment is protected in dealing with the lienholder of the security interest and the lienholder as the holder of the security interest and the lienholder remains liable for any obligations as lienholder until the assignee is named as lienholder on the certificate in the manner prescribed by the department.

(b) The department shall file each assignment received by the department with the required fee, and note the assignee as lienholder upon the record of notices of security interests maintained by the department.
Ala. Code § 32-6-570 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-570
Section 32-6-570 Issuance of Distinctive License Plates; Duration; Fees; Design
Status: in_force

(a) Upon application to the judge of probate or license commissioner, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of an additional annual fee of fifty dollars ($50), owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive Alabama Sports Festival, Inc., license plates.

(b) These plates shall be valid for five years , and may then be replaced with either conventional, personalized, or new Alabama Sports Festival, Inc. license plates.

(c) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(d) The Alabama Sports Festival, Inc., which shall design, or have designed, the plate which design shall be approved by the Department of Revenue. Section 32-6-54 shall not apply to the plates designed pursuant to this section.

(e) The plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive and personalized plates provided for in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-8-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-2
Section 32-8-2 Definitions
Status: reserved

For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

(1) CURRENT ADDRESS. A new address different from the address shown on the application or on the certificate of title. The owner, within 30 days after the address is changed from that shown on the application or on the certificate of title, shall notify the department of the change of address in the manner prescribed by the department.

(2) DEALER. A person licensed as an automobile or motor vehicle dealer, off-road vehicle dealer, or travel trailer dealer and engaged regularly in the business of buying, selling, or exchanging motor vehicles, trailers, semitrailers, trucks, tractors or other character of commercial or industrial motor vehicles, or travel trailers in this state, and having in this state an established place of business.

(3) DEPARTMENT. The Department of Revenue of this state.

(4) DESIGNATED AGENT. Each judge of probate, commissioner of licenses, director of revenue, or other county official in this state authorized and required by law to issue motor vehicle license tags, who may perform his or her duties under this chapter personally or through his or her deputies; the term shall also mean those dealers as herein defined who are appointed by the department as provided in Section 32-8-34 and such persons who are appointed by the department as provided in Section 32-8-34 (c) to perform the duties of designated agent for the purposes of this chapter. Dealers or other designated persons may perform their duties under this chapter either personally, through any of their officers or employees, or through a title service provider.

(5) IMPLEMENT OF HUSBANDRY. Every vehicle designed and adapted exclusively for agricultural, horticultural, or livestock raising operations or for lifting or carrying an implement of husbandry and in either case not subject to licensing or registration if used upon the highways.

(6) LIEN. Every kind of written lease which is substantially equivalent to an installment sale or which provides for a right of purchase, conditional sale, reservation of title, deed of trust, chattel mortgage, trust receipt, and every written agreement or instrument of whatever kind or character whereby an interest other than absolute title is sought to be held or given on a motor vehicle.

(7) LIENHOLDER. Any person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation holding a lien on a motor vehicle.

(8) MANUFACTURER. Any person regularly engaged in the business of manufacturing, constructing, assembling, importing, or distributing new motor vehicles, either within or without this state.

(9) MOTOR VEHICLE. The term shall include all of the following:

a. Every automobile, motorcycle, mobile trailer, semitrailer, truck, truck tractor, trailer, and other device that is self-propelled or drawn, in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a public highway except such as is moved by animal power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks.

b. Every trailer coach and travel trailer manufactured upon a chassis or undercarriage as an integral part thereof drawn by a self-propelled vehicle.

c. Every off-road vehicle only as it relates to this chapter. An off-road vehicle dealer shall not be deemed a motor vehicle dealer for the purposes of Chapter 6.

(10) NEW VEHICLE. A motor vehicle that has never been the subject of a first sale for use by a new motor vehicle dealer as defined in Section 40-12-390 or an equivalently licensed dealer in another state and includes, among others, vehicles maintained in a dealer’s inventory, vehicles provided by the manufacturer or dealer for use by participants in charity, sporting, or other special events, vehicles used for drivers’ education, and vehicles delivered to customers that were subsequently returned to the dealer without a registration being issued on the vehicle.

(11) NONRESIDENT. Every person who is not a resident of this state.

(12) OFF-ROAD VEHICLE. a. A vehicle that is not designed and manufactured to meet Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The term includes all of the following:

1. A motorized vehicle 60 inches or less in width, measured from the outside of the tire rim to the outside of the tire rim directly across on the vehicle, having a dry weight of 1,500 pounds or less, designed to travel on three or more non-highway tires, and manufactured for off-road use by a single operator or by an operator and not more than one passenger as provided by the manufacturer.

2. A motorized vehicle generally capable of cross-country travel 80 inches or less in width, measured from the outside of the tire rim to the outside of the tire rim directly across on the vehicle, having a dry weight of 3,500 pounds or less, designed and manufactured to travel on four or more non-highway tires for off-road use by an operator and the number of passengers as provided by the manufacturer.

b. The term does not include any electric bicycle; golf cart; low-speed vehicle; mini-truck; vehicle used for military, fire, emergency, or law enforcement purposes; motorboat; vehicle used exclusively on airport property; any vehicle used primarily for agricultural purposes, farm tractors, or other self-propelled equipment for the purpose of harvesting and transporting forest products, clearing land for planting, providing utility services and maintenance, or earth moving, construction, or mining; or self-propelled lawnmowers, snowblowers, or garden or lawn tractors while being used exclusively for their designed purposes.

(13) OFF-ROAD VEHICLE DEALER. A person subject to Section 40-12-315 that is engaged in the business of buying, selling, exchanging, advertising, or negotiating the sale of off-road vehicles, not previously titled or registered in the person’s name, at retail to the public.

(14) OWNER. A person, other than a lienholder, having the property in or title to a vehicle. The term includes a person entitled to the use and possession of a vehicle subject to a security interest in another person, but excludes a lessee under a lease not intended as security. Under any lease-purchase or installment sales agreement where a governmental agency, either city, county, or state, is the lessee or purchaser with a security interest or right to purchase, the lessee or purchaser shall be the owner for purposes of this chapter.

(15) PERSON. The term shall include every natural person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation.

(16) PICKUP TRUCK. A truck with not more than two axles and a gross weight not exceeding 12,000 pounds.

(17) POLE TRAILER. Every vehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by another vehicle and attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach or pole, or by being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and ordinarily used for transporting long or irregularly shaped loads such as logs, poles, pipes, boats, or structural members capable generally of sustaining themselves as beams between the supporting connections.

(18) SCRAP METAL PROCESSOR. Any person engaged in the business of buying scrap vehicles, automotive parts, or other metallic waste by weight to process the material into scrap metal for remelting purposes, who utilizes machinery and equipment for processing and manufacturing ferrous and nonferrous metallic scrap into prepared grades, and whose principal product is metallic scrap.

(19) SCRAP VEHICLE. Any vehicle that has been crushed or flattened by mechanical means or has been otherwise damaged to the extent that it cannot economically be repaired or made roadworthy.

(20) SECURITY AGREEMENT. A written agreement that reserves or creates a security interest.

(21) SECURITY INTEREST. An interest in a vehicle reserved or created by agreement and which secures payment or performance of an obligation. The term includes the interest of a lessor under a lease intended as security. A security interest is perfected when it is valid against third parties generally, subject only to specific statutory exceptions.

(22) SELF-PROPELLED CAMPERS OR HOUSE CARS. A self-propelled motor vehicle designed and used primarily for mobile living quarters. The living quarters on self-propelled campers or house cars are constructed as an integral part of the motor vehicle and are not detachable. Self-propelled campers or house cars are commonly known as motor homes, mobile homes, or recreational vehicles.

(23) SPECIAL MOBILE EQUIPMENT. Every vehicle not designed or used primarily for the transportation of persons or property and only incidentally operated or moved over the highway, including , but not limited to: ditch-digging apparatus; well-boring apparatus; road construction and maintenance machinery such as asphalt spreaders, bituminous mixers, bucket loaders, tractors other than truck tractors, ditchers, leveling graders, finishing machines, motor graders, road rollers, scarifiers, earth-moving carryalls and scrapers, power shovels and draglines, and self-propelled cranes; and earth-moving equipment. The term does not include manufactured homes, dump trucks, truck-mounted transit mixers, cranes, or shovels, or other vehicles designed for the transportation of persons or property to which machinery has been attached.

(24) STATE. A state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a province of the Dominion of Canada.

(25) TRANSPORTER. A person engaged regularly in the business of either of the following:

a. Facilitating the delivery of motor vehicles, mobile homes, trailer coaches, travel trailers, house trailers, semitrailers or trailers, including utility trailers, or boats between manufacturers, distributors, dealers, or persons.

b. Facilitating the delivery of special mobile equipment from the manufacturer of the equipment to a facility of a dealer.

(26) TITLE SERVICE PROVIDER. A person who is bonded under Section 32-8-34 (d) and authorized by the department to act as an agent for a fee or other consideration on behalf of the following persons in the performance of their duties under this chapter:

a. A dealer or other designated person appointed pursuant to Section 32-8-34 (b) or (c) as a designated agent.

b. A lienholder who appears on a certificate of title.

c. Other persons as prescribed by the department.

(27) TRAVEL TRAILER. A vehicle without motive power, designed and constructed as a camping vehicle or a temporary dwelling, living, or sleeping place and designed to be drawn or pulled on the highway, also known as a house trailer, but not including folding or collapsible camping trailers as defined in this section.

(28) USED VEHICLE. A motor vehicle that has been the subject of a first sale for use, whether within this state or elsewhere, or is being sold by a used motor vehicle dealer as defined in Section 40-12-390.

(29) UTILITY TRAILER. A vehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by a passenger car or pickup truck, including folding or collapsible camping trailers.

(30) VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. The numbers and letters on a motor vehicle designated by the manufacturer or assigned by the department for the purpose of identifying the motor vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-2-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-4
Section 32-2-4 Divisions - Chiefs; Employees
Status: in_force

The director shall appoint chiefs of said divisions and all other employees subject to the provisions of the Merit System Act, and said chiefs and employees shall hold their positions subject to the provisions of the Merit System Act.
Ala. Code § 32-6-610 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-610
Section 32-6-610 Issuance of Distinctive Plates; Fees; Duration; Design
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding Sections 32-6-64, 32-6-67, and 32-6-68, upon application to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license tags or plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive “God Bless America” license tags or plates. In those years in which a revalidation decal only is issued, the owner shall pay the regular license fee for tags as provided by law. These tags or plates shall be valid for five years, and may then be replaced with either conventional or new “God Bless America” tags or plates.

(b) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new tag or plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(c) The “God Bless America” license plate shall be designed by the Department of Revenue.

(d) The tags or plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive plates provided in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-7-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-1
Section 32-7-1 Citation of Chapter
Status: in_force

This chapter may be cited as the Motor Vehicle Safety-Responsibility Act.
Ala. Code § 32-7-14 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-14
Section 32-7-14 Suspension of License, Registration, or Operating Privilege for Nonpayment of Judgment
Status: in_force

(a) Suspension for nonpayment of judgment. The director upon the receipt of a certified copy of a judgment shall forthwith suspend the license and registration and any nonresident’s operating privilege of any person against whom such judgment was rendered, except as hereinafter otherwise provided in this section and in Section 32-7-17.

(b) Exceptions. If the judgment creditor consents in writing, in such form as the director may prescribe, that the judgment debtor be allowed license and registration or nonresident’s operating privilege, the same may be allowed by the director, in his or her discretion, for six months from the date of such consent and thereafter until such consent is revoked in writing, notwithstanding default in the payment of such judgment or of any installments thereof prescribed in Section 32-7-17; provided, that the judgment debtor furnishes proof of financial responsibility.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-23 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-23
Section 32-7C-23 Local Assessment Fees; Quarterly Reports; Distribution of Funds; Audits
Status: in_force

(a) A TNC shall collect a local assessment fee equal to one percent of the gross trip fare for all prearranged rides that originate in the state in accordance with this article.

(b)(1) No later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, a TNC shall submit to the commission all of the following:

a. The total local assessment fees collected by a TNC.

b. For prearranged rides that originated within a municipality, a report listing the percentage of the gross trip fare that originated in each municipality during the reporting period.

c. For prearranged rides that originated outside a municipality, a report listing the percentage of the gross trip fare that originated in the unincorporated portion of each county during the reporting period.

(2) The TNC shall be responsible for determining whether a prearranged ride originated within the boundaries of a municipality or originated within the unincorporated portion of a county.

(c) To ensure proper distribution of the local assessment fee, the commission shall prepare and make available for public use Geographic Information System (GIS) data in the form of a file showing the state’s county and municipal boundaries. To the extent the commission updates the GIS file, the commission shall notify TNCs and make available to TNCs the updated GIS file. In addition to the requirements of this section, municipalities shall provide annexation information to the commission within 30 days after the annexation is complete. Such information shall include a written description of the boundary, along with a map or plat that clearly defines the new territory added.

(d) The local assessment fees submitted to the commission shall be administered by the commission and may only be expended as provided in this section. The commission may retain an amount necessary to cover the expenses derived from regulation of TNCs and the collection, remittance, and distribution of local assessment fees pursuant to this section, provided the amount retained may not exceed 50 percent of the total local assessment fees collected.

(e) No later than 60 days after the end of each calendar quarter, the commission shall distribute the local assessment fees collected for the preceding calendar quarter, minus the amount retained pursuant to subsection (d), to each municipality where a prearranged ride originated and to each county where a prearranged ride originated in the unincorporated portion of the county, during that calendar quarter. The distribution shall be proportionate to the percentage of the gross trip fare that originated in each applicable municipality and unincorporated portion of a county.

(f) No more than every two years, the commission may request that a TNC engage an independent third party auditor to verify the local assessment fees submitted to the commission pursuant to subdivision (1) of subsection (b) are accurate. The TNC that is subject to the audit shall engage the independent third party auditor, which shall be selected at the sole discretion of the TNC, and bear all costs associated with the third party audit. The independent third party auditor must be a certified public accounting firm licensed in the state and qualified to perform engagements in accordance with American Institute of Certified Public Accountants standards. The TNC shall provide the commission with a copy of the third party audit report within 15 days of completion, which shall in no event occur later than 90 days after receipt of the commission’s written request. The third party audit shall be limited to two calendar quarters that may be selected by the commission. If any underpayment of over three percent is identified through the audit, the TNC shall remit the underpaid local assessment fees to the appropriate municipality or county.

(g) The governing body of a municipality that enacted a TNC ordinance prior to January 1, 2018, and permitted at least one TNC to operate prior to January 1, 2018, pursuant to the TNC ordinance, may request the commission to review the portions of a third party audit report provided to the commission pursuant to subsection (f) that are applicable to the municipality. If no third party audit report is available for a TNC from the prior two-year period at the time of the governing body’s request, the governing body that enacted a TNC ordinance prior to January 1, 2018, and permitted at least one TNC to operate prior to January 1, 2018, may request the commission to initiate an audit pursuant to subsection (f).

(h) Any record maintained by a TNC or submitted to the commission or a political subdivision of the state pursuant to this section shall be considered tax information and may not be disclosed, as provided in subsection (a) of Section 40-2A-10, except as otherwise provided in this section.
Ala. Code § 32-4-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 4 / Section 32-4-1
Section 32-4-1 Short Title
Status: in_force

This chapter shall be known as, and may be cited as, the “Highway and Traffic Safety Coordination Act of 1967.”
Ala. Code § 32-7C-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-4
Section 32-7C-4 Coverage Exclusions; Disclosures
Status: in_force

(a) Insurers that write automobile insurance in this state may exclude any and all coverage afforded under the policy issued to an owner or operator of a personal vehicle for any loss or injury that occurs while a TNC driver is logged on to the digital network of a TNC or while a TNC driver provides a prearranged ride.

(b) The right to exclude all coverage may apply to any coverage included in an automobile insurance policy, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(1) Liability coverage for bodily injury and property damage.

(2) Personal injury protection coverage as defined by state law.

(3) Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage.

(4) Medical payments coverage.

(5) Comprehensive physical damage coverage.

(6) Collision physical damage coverage.

(c) The exclusions under this section shall apply notwithstanding any requirements under the Motor Vehicle Safety-Responsibility Act, Chapter 7 of this title.

(d) Nothing in this section implies or requires that a personal automobile insurance policy provide coverage while the TNC driver is logged on to the digital network of a TNC, while the TNC driver is engaged in a prearranged ride, or while the TNC driver otherwise uses a vehicle to transport passengers for compensation.

(e) Nothing in this chapter shall require an insurer to use any particular policy language or reference to this section in order to exclude any and all coverage for any loss or injury that occurs while a driver is logged on to the digital network of a TNC or while a TNC driver provides a prearranged ride.

(f) Nothing shall preclude an insurer from providing primary or excessive coverage for the personal vehicle of a TNC driver, if it so chooses to do so by contract or by endorsement.

(g)(1) Automobile insurers that exclude the coverage described in this chapter shall have no duty to defend or indemnify any claim expressly excluded.

(2) Nothing in this chapter shall invalidate or limit an exclusion contained in a policy, including any policy in use or approved for use in this state prior to August 1, 2016, that excludes coverage for vehicles used to carry persons or property for a charge or available for hire by the public.

(h) An automobile insurer that defends or indemnifies a claim against a TNC driver that is excluded under the terms of its policy shall have a right of contribution against other insurers that provide automobile insurance to the same TNC driver in satisfaction of the coverage requirements of this chapter at the time of loss.

(i) In a claims coverage investigation, a TNC, upon the request of a directly involved party or any insurer or lienholder of the TNC driver, if applicable, shall provide the precise times that a TNC driver logged on and off of the digital network of a TNC in the 12-hour period immediately preceding and in the 12-hour period immediately following the accident.

(j) Insurers potentially providing coverage as set forth in this chapter shall disclose upon request by any other insurer involved in the particular claim the applicable coverages, exclusions, and limits provided under any automobile insurance maintained in order to satisfy the requirements of this chapter.

(k)(1) A lender or a secured party of the motor vehicle of a TNC driver may require the TNC driver to maintain comprehensive damage coverage, collision damage coverage, or both, for the motor vehicle of a TNC driver, and may require the TNC driver to show evidence of the coverage to the lender or the secured party that would cover both the period when the TNC driver is logged onto the digital network of a TNC but is not engaged in a prearranged ride and when the TNC driver is engaged in a prearranged ride.

(2) If a TNC driver fails to maintain the required comprehensive or collision damage coverage or fails to show evidence to the lender or the secured party pursuant to this subsection, the lender or the secured party may obtain the coverage at the expense of the TNC driver without limiting or affecting any other rights or remedies of the lender or the secured party.

(l) If a lender or a secured party has a secured interest in the motor vehicle of a TNC driver and an insurer of a TNC makes a payment for a claim for damage to the motor vehicle of a TNC driver that is covered under comprehensive or collision damage coverage held by the TNC, the TNC shall then cause its insurer to issue the payment either directly to the vehicle repair shop or jointly to the owner of the motor vehicle and the primary lender or the secured party on the covered motor vehicle.

(m)(1) A TNC shall make the following disclosures to a prospective TNC driver in the terms of service of the prospective TNC driver:

a. If the vehicle that you plan to use to provide TNC services has a lien against it your usage may violate the terms of your contract with the lienholder.

b. You must notify the lienholder that you will be using the vehicle for transportation services.

(2) The disclosure required by this subsection shall be placed prominently in the written terms of service of the prospective TNC driver or on a separate disclosure, and the prospective TNC driver must acknowledge the terms of service or the separate disclosure electronically or by signature.
Ala. Code § 32-5-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-4
Section 32-5-4 Unloading Logs, Lumber, Etc., on or Near Highways
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful and constitute a misdemeanor for any person to unload from a vehicle of any kind in whole or in part any lumber, logs or any other article upon the highway, or within the limits of the right-of-way of any public highway, or place lumber or logs, or any other article at or near either limit of the road right-of-way which may endanger the safety of life, limb or property of any person passing upon the highway.

Any person violating this section upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not less than $25.00 nor more than $100.00, or by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than 10 days nor more than 30 days, or by both fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 32-5-240 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-240
Section 32-5-240 Required Lighting Equipment and Illuminating Devices of Vehicles
Status: in_force

(a) When lighted headlamps required.

(1) Every vehicle upon a highway within this state, except a parked vehicle, which shall be subject to Section 32-5-244, shall display lighted lamps and illuminating devices required by this section for different classes of vehicles at the following times:

a. From a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise.

b. At any time when the windshield wipers of the vehicle are in use because of rain, sleet, or snow, except when the use is intermittent because of misting rain, sleet, or snow.

c. At any time when there is not sufficient light to render clearly discernible persons and vehicles on the highway at a distance of 500 feet.

(2) Notwithstanding subdivision (1), whenever motor vehicles or other vehicles are operated in combination during a time that lamps and illuminating devices are required to be lighted, any lamp, other than a tail lamp, that, by reason of its location on a vehicle in the combination would be obscured by another vehicle of the combination, need not be lighted. This subdivision shall not affect the requirement that lighted clearance lamps be displayed on the front of the foremost vehicle required to have clearance lamps or that all lamps required on the rear of the rearmost vehicle of any combination shall be lighted.

(b) Head lamps on motor vehicles.

(1) Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, shall be equipped with at least two but not more than four head lamps, with at least one but not more than two on each side of the front of the motor vehicle. The head lamps shall comply with the requirements and limitations of Section 32-5-242.

(2) Every motorcycle and every motor-driven cycle shall be equipped with at least one and not more than two head lamps which shall comply with the requirements and limitations of Section 32-5-242.

(3) Every head lamp upon every new motor vehicle sold after January 1, 1950, including every motorcycle and motor-driven cycle, shall be located at a height measured from the center of the head lamp of not more than 54 inches nor less than 24 inches to be measured as set forth in Section 32-5-242.

(c) Tail lamps.

(1) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer and any other vehicle which is being drawn at the end of a train of vehicles shall be equipped with at least one tail lamp mounted on the rear which, when lighted as required, emits a red light plainly visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear. When vehicles are drawn in a train, only the tail lamp on the rearmost vehicle need actually be seen from the distance specified.

(2) Every tail lamp upon every vehicle shall be located at a height of not more than 60 inches nor less than 20 inches to be measured as set forth in Section 32-5-242.

(3) Every motor vehicle shall have a tail lamp or a separate lamp so constructed and placed as to illuminate with a white light the rear registration plate and render it clearly legible from a distance of 50 feet to the rear. Any tail lamp or tail lamps, together with any separate lamp for illuminating the rear registration plate, shall be so wired as to be lighted whenever the head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are lighted.

(d) Additional equipment required on certain vehicles. In addition to other equipment required in this article, the following vehicles shall be equipped in the following manner:

(1) On every bus or truck, whatever its size, the following shall be on the rear: Two red reflectors, one at each side, and one stop light.

(2) On every bus or truck 80 inches or more in overall width, in addition to the requirements in subdivision (1):

a. On the front, two clearance lamps, one at each side.

b. On the rear, two clearance lamps, one on each side.

c. On each side, two side marker lamps, one at or near the front and one at or near the rear.

d. On each side, two reflectors, one at or near the front and one at or near the rear.

(3) On every truck tractor:

a. On the front, two clearance lamps, one at each side.

b. On the rear, one stop light.

(4) On every trailer or semitrailer having a gross weight in excess of 3,000 pounds:

a. On the front, two clearance lamps, one at each side.

b. On each side, two side marker lamps, one at or near the front and one at or near the rear.

c. On each side, two reflectors, one at or near the front and one at or near the rear.

d. On the rear, two clearance lamps, one at each side, also two reflectors, one at each side, and one stop light.

(5) On every pole trailer having a gross weight in excess of 3,000 pounds gross weight:

a. On each side, one side marker lamp and one clearance lamp which may be in combination, to show to the front, side, and rear.

b. On the rear of the pole trailer or load, two reflectors, one at each side.

(6) On every trailer, semitrailer, or pole trailer having a gross weight of 3,000 pounds or less: On the rear, two reflectors, one on each side. If the load or dimensions of any trailer or semitrailer obscures the stop light on the towing vehicle, the towed vehicle shall also be equipped with one stop light.

(e) Lamps on other vehicles and equipment. All vehicles, including animal-drawn vehicles and those for which special permits have been issued under authority of Section 32-9-29, not otherwise specifically required to be equipped with lamps, shall at the times specified in subsection (a) of this section be equipped with at least one lighted lamp or lantern exhibiting a white light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle and with a lamp or lantern exhibiting a red light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear.

(f) Stop lamps required on new motor vehicles. It is unlawful for any person to sell any new motor vehicle, including any motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, in this state or for any person to drive the vehicle on the highways unless it is equipped with a stop lamp meeting the requirements of Section 32-5-242.

(g) New motor vehicles to be equipped with reflectors.

(1) No new motor vehicle first sold on or after January 1, 1950, other than a truck tractor, motorcycle, or motor-driven cycle shall be operated on a highway unless the vehicle carries on the rear, either as a part of the tail lamps or separately, two red reflectors. Every motorcycle and every motor-driven cycle shall carry at least one reflector, meeting the requirements of this section. Vehicles specifically provided for in subsection (d) of this section shall be equipped with reflectors as required by that subsection.

(2) These reflectors shall be mounted on the vehicle at a height not less than 20 inches nor more than 60 inches measured as set forth in subsection (a) of Section 32-5-242, shall be of such size and characteristics, and shall be so mounted as to be visible at night from 300 feet.
Ala. Code § 32-6-391 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-391
Section 32-6-391 Distribution of Net Proceeds
Status: in_force

The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of tags pursuant to this division, less administrative costs, including the cost of production of the tags, shall be distributed by the judge of probate or license commissioner to the Alabama Lions Sight Conservation Association, Incorporated, to be administered by its board.
Ala. Code § 32-6-483 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-483
Section 32-6-483 Return of Plate Upon Termination of Membership
Status: in_force

Upon termination of active and inactive membership with the Alabama State Defense Force, an applicant to whom an Alabama State Defense Force license plate was issued under this section shall, within 30 days, return the plate to the judge of probate or the license commissioner of the county of the applicant’s residence.
Ala. Code § 32-5-74 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-74
Section 32-5-74 Vehicles Transporting Explosives
Status: in_force

Any person operating any vehicle transporting any explosive as a cargo or part of a cargo upon a highway shall at all times comply with the provisions of this section.

(1) The vehicle shall be marked or placarded on each side and the rear with the word “explosives” in letters not less than eight inches high, or there shall be displayed on the rear of such vehicle a red flag not less than 24 inches square marked with the word “danger” in white letters six inches high.

(2) Every vehicle shall be equipped with not less than two fire extinguishers, filled and ready for immediate use, and placed at a convenient point on the vehicle so used.

(3) The Director of Public Safety is hereby authorized and directed to promulgate such additional regulations governing the transportation of explosives and other dangerous articles by vehicles upon the highways as he or she shall deem advisable for the protection of the public.
Ala. Code § 32-8-11 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-11
Section 32-8-11 Aiding, Abetting, Etc., in Violations
Status: in_force

A person who, whether present or absent, aids, abets, induces, procures, or causes the commission of an act which if done directly by him, would be a felony or a misdemeanor under a provision of this chapter, is guilty of the same felony or misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.15 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.15
Section 32-6-49.15 Information Regarding Driving Record
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, the department must furnish full information regarding the driving record of any person:

(a) To the driver license administrator of any other state, or province or territory of Canada, requesting that information;

(b) To any employer or prospective employer upon request and payment of a fee of $5.75; and

(c) To insurers upon request and payment of a fee of $5.75.
Ala. Code § 32-7B-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7B / Section 32-7B-5
Section 32-7B-5 Responsibilities of Insurers
Status: in_force

Each insurer shall do the following:

(1) Cooperate with the department in operating the online insurance verification system.

(2) Maintain the data necessary to verify insurance status through the online insurance verification system for a period of at least six months.

(3) Maintain the web service, pursuant to the requirements established under the online insurance verification system and as specified by the advisory council.

(4) Provide data security for the type of information transferred as prescribed by the advisory council that will not violate state or federal privacy laws.

(5) Be immune from civil and administrative liability for good faith efforts to comply with the terms of this chapter.

(6) Provide an insured under a commercial automobile insurance liability policy with an insurance card clearly indicating that the vehicle is insured under a commercial automobile liability insurance policy in accordance with Section 32-7A-6.

(7) Nothing in this section prohibits an insurer from using the services of a third party vendor for facilitating the online insurance verification system required by this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-6-571 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-571
Section 32-6-571 Distribution of Proceeds
Status: in_force

(a) The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the distinctive plates, less administrative costs including the costs of production incurred by the Revenue Department in producing the plates, shall be distributed by each judge of probate or license commissioner to the state Comptroller. The first two thousand dollars ($2,000) received by the state Comptroller shall be used to satisfy the appropriation specified in Section 4 of Act 97-544 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998. Thereafter, the state Comptroller shall distribute the proceeds monthly to the Alabama Sports Festival, Inc.

(b) For every license plate or tag purchased by a resident of a particular county, one-half of the proceeds received by the Alabama Sports Festival, Inc., shall be given to the Alabama Sports Festival, Inc., County Local Organizing Committee to be used for the benefit of athletes residing in the county which participates in the programs of the Alabama Sports Festival, Inc. The balance shall be used statewide in underwriting the programs of the Alabama Sports Festival, Inc. If a tag is purchased by a resident of a county that has not organized an Alabama Sports Festival, Inc., County Local Organizing Committee, one-half of the proceeds shall be deposited in an interest-bearing trust account in an Alabama bank, and transferred to the Alabama Sports Festival, Inc., County Local Organizing Committee when the organization of that county local organizing committee has been completed.
Ala. Code § 32-6-110 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-110
Section 32-6-110 Authority and Design for Distinctive Plates
Status: in_force

In recognition of the many and varied patriotic services rendered the state and the citizens thereof by the National Guard and Air National Guard of Alabama, members thereof, including both enlisted and officer personnel, may, upon application and subject to the provisions of this division, be issued annually distinctive motor vehicle license plates identifying these persons with such organizations. The distinctive plates so issued members of these organizations shall be of such color and design as may be agreed upon by the Adjutant General and the Commissioner of Revenue and shall bear the words “National Guard” and need not bear prefixed numbers identifying the county of issuance. The words “Heart of Dixie” need not be placed on such plates.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-210 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-210
Section 32-5A-210 Pedestrian Obedience to Traffic-Control Devices and Traffic Regulations
Status: in_force

(a) A pedestrian shall obey the instructions of any official traffic-control device specifically applicable to him or her, unless otherwise directed by a police officer.

(b) Pedestrians shall be subject to traffic and pedestrian control signals as provided in Sections 32-5A-32 and 32-5A-33.

(c) At all other places, pedestrians shall be accorded the privileges and shall be subject to the restrictions stated in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-35 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-35
Section 32-5A-35 Lane-Direction-Control Signals
Status: in_force

When lane-direction-control signals are placed over the individual lanes of a street or highway, vehicular traffic may travel in any lane over which a green signal is shown, but shall not enter or travel in any lane over which a red signal is shown.
Ala. Code § 32-6-361 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-361
Section 32-6-361 Proceeds
Status: in_force

The proceeds of the additional revenues generated by the fee for the Fraternal Order of Police tags and plates shall be distributed as follows:

(1) Ten dollars ($10) shall be deposited in the State General Fund.

(2) The remainder shall be distributed monthly by the Department of Revenue or other appropriate official to the Alabama State Lodge Fraternal Order of Police, Inc.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-284 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-284
Section 32-5A-284 Duties of Person Regularly Engaged in Business of Renting Bicyles
Status: in_force

(a) A person regularly engaged in the business of renting bicycles shall require each person seeking to rent a bicycle to provide his or her signature either on the rental form or on a separate form indicating both of the following:

(1) Receipt of a written explanation of the provisions of this article and the penalties for violations.

(2) A statement concerning whether a person under the age of 16 years will operate the bicycle in an area where the use of a helmet is required.

(b) A person regularly engaged in the business of renting bicycles shall provide a helmet to any person who will operate the bicycle in an area requiring a helmet, if the person does not already have a helmet in his or her possession. A reasonable fee may be charged for the helmet rental.

(c) A person regularly engaged in the business of selling or renting bicycles who complies with this article shall not be liable in a civil action for damages for any physical injuries sustained by a bicycle operator or passenger as a result of the operator’s or passenger’s failure to wear a helmet or to wear a properly fitted or fastened helmet in violation of this article.
Ala. Code § 32-16-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 16 / Section 32-16-2
Section 32-16-2 Registration of Certain Vehicles; Bond of Certain Dealers
Status: in_force

Every dealer in used or secondhand motor vehicles who is a nonresident of the State of Alabama, or who does not have a permanent place of business in the State of Alabama, and any person, firm or corporation who brings any used or secondhand motor vehicle into the State of Alabama for purposes of sale or resale, except as a trade-in on a new motor vehicle, or another used car, shall, within 10 days from date of entering of said used or secondhand motor vehicle into the State of Alabama, register such motor vehicle with the probate judge of the county in which said secondhand or used motor vehicle is brought, on a form to be provided by the probate judge, and shall, before said used or secondhand car is put on a used car lot for sale, or offered for sale, or sold, execute bond with two good and sufficient sureties or with a surety company duly authorized to do business in the State of Alabama as surety or sureties thereon, payable to the said probate judge for the use or benefit of the purchaser and his vendees, conditioned to pay all loss, damages and expenses that may be sustained by the purchaser or vendees, that may be occasioned by reason of any fraudulent misrepresentations or breaches of warranty as to freedom from liens, quality, condition, use or value of said motor vehicle being so sold. Said bond shall be in the full amount of the sale price of such secondhand or used motor vehicle, but in no event to exceed the sum of $1,000.00, and such bond shall be filed with the probate judge of the county in which such sale is made by the vendor, and such bond shall be approved by said probate judge as to the amount thereof and as to the solvency of the surety or sureties thereon, for which services the vendor shall pay a fee of $1.00 as registration and recording, which said sum shall be held and disposed of as other registration and recording fees are now held and disposed of by him; and the said vendor shall pay over to the probate judge at the time of the registration of said bond the further sum of $5.00, which said sum shall be by the probate judge paid over to the county treasury of the respective counties, less a fee of $.50 to be retained by the probate judge to the credit of county school funds, the same to be distributed and disposed of as provided by law.
Ala. Code § 32-13-8 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 13 / Section 32-13-8
Section 32-13-8 Chapter Cumulative; Power of Municipality Not Restricted
Status: in_force

This chapter is cumulative and shall not be construed as limiting or restricting any power or authority any municipality may now have or possess under any other provision of law.
Ala. Code § 32-6-431 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-431
Section 32-6-431 Distribution of Proceeds
Status: in_force

(a) The net proceeds of the additional revenues generated by the fifty dollar ($50) fee, less administrative costs, including the cost of production of the “Cahawba-First Capitol” tags or plates, shall be distributed by the judge of probate or license commissioner to the Alabama Department of Revenue who shall distribute the proceeds to the Cahawba Advisory Committee. The Cahawba Advisory Committee shall use these funds for continued efforts to develop and promote the Old Cahawba Capitol Site pursuant to Section 41-9-252.

(b) The net proceeds from the additional revenues generated by the fifty dollar ($50) fee, minus the production and administrative costs for the “National Voting Rights Museum and Institute” tags or plates, shall be submitted monthly by the Department of Revenue or other appropriate official to the National Voting Rights Museum and Institute. The National Voting Rights Museum and Institute shall use these funds for continued efforts to develop, operate, and promote the National Voting Rights Museum and Institute in Selma, Alabama.

(c) The net proceeds from the additional revenues generated by the fifty dollar ($50) fee, minus the production and administrative costs for the “21st Century Youth Leadership Project” tags or plates, shall be submitted monthly by the Department of Revenue or other appropriate official to the 21st Century Youth Leadership Project.
Ala. Code § 32-6-11 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-11
Section 32-6-11 Reciprocal Agreements - Authorities in Charge of Federal Military Installations
Status: in_force

The Director of Public Safety is hereby authorized to enter into an agreement with the Secretary of Defense of the United States or the duly authorized authorities of any federal military installation relative to the reciprocal recognition of point values assessed against drivers of motor vehicles for certain offenses against motor vehicle and traffic laws, rules, and regulations when such point values are to be used in determining whether to revoke the driving privileges or the driver’s license of the offender because he or she is an habitually reckless or negligent driver or is an habitual violator of traffic laws and regulations.
Ala. Code § 32-20-40 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-40
Section 32-20-40 Applicability of Chapter
Status: in_force

This chapter does not apply to or affect any of the following:

(1) A lien given by statute or rule of law to a supplier of services or materials for the manufactured home.

(2) A lien given by statute to the United States, this state, or any political subdivision of this state.

(3) A security interest in a manufactured home created by a manufacturer or dealer who holds the manufactured home for sale, but a buyer in the ordinary course of trade from the manufacturer or dealer takes free of the security interest.
Ala. Code § 32-6-253 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-253
Section 32-6-253 Construction of Provisions; Penalty for Violation
Status: in_force

The provisions of this division shall not affect the registration and licensing of motor vehicles as required by other provisions of the Code of Alabama 1975, but shall be cumulative thereto. Any person violating the provisions of this division or any person who (i) fraudulently gives false or fictitious information in any application for a special license plate, as authorized in this division, (ii) conceals a material fact, or (iii) otherwise commits a fraud in any such application or in the use of any special license plate issued shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor as defined by the Code of Alabama 1975.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-4
Section 32-5A-4 Obedience to Police Officers and Firemen
Status: in_force

No person shall willfully fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or direction of any police officer or fireman invested by law with authority to direct, control or regulate traffic.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-170 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-170
Section 32-5A-170 Reasonable and Prudent Speed
Status: in_force

No person shall drive a vehicle at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions and having regard to the actual and potential hazards then existing. Consistent with the foregoing, every person shall drive at a safe and appropriate speed when approaching and crossing an intersection or railroad grade crossing, when approaching and going around a curve, when approaching a hill crest, when traveling upon any narrow or winding roadway, and when special hazards exist with respect to pedestrians or other traffic or by reason of weather or highway conditions.
Ala. Code § 32-9-22 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-22
Section 32-9-22 Exemptions - Generally
Status: in_force

(a) There shall be exempt from the provisions of this article trucks, semitrailer trucks, or trailers owned by the United States, or any agency thereof, the State of Alabama, or any county or city, or incorporated town; nor shall the provisions of this article apply to implements of husbandry temporarily propelled or moved upon the highways; nor shall the provisions of this article apply to trucks, semitrailer trucks, or trailers used exclusively for carrying 50 bales or less of cotton.

(b) If any truck, semitrailer truck, or trailer shall be licensed by any city or incorporated town and the registration plate or plates issued as evidence of the license shall be conspicuously exhibited on the truck, semitrailer truck, or trailer, in the manner required by law, the provisions of this article shall not apply to the operation of such vehicles within the limits of the municipality or within the police jurisdiction thereof; provided, that municipalities may provide by ordinance maximum limits with respect to the weight, height, width, and length of trucks, semitrailer trucks, and trailers within their police jurisdiction; provided, that the maximum limits prescribed shall not be less than those fixed in Section 32-9-20 and may impose license taxes on such vehicles and require all such vehicles to have affixed thereto, in some conspicuous place, a registration plate or plates.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-178 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-178
Section 32-5A-178 Racing on Highways; Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) It is a violation of this section for any person to drive any vehicle on any public highway in any race, speed competition or contest, drag race or acceleration contest, test of physical endurance, exhibition of speed or acceleration, or for the purpose of making a speed record.

(b) “Drag race” is defined as the operation of two or more vehicles from a point side by side at accelerating speeds in a competitive attempt to outdistance each other, or the operation of one or more vehicles over a common selected course, from the same point to the same point, for the purpose of comparing the relative speeds or power of acceleration of such vehicle or vehicles within a certain distance or time limit.

(c) “Racing” is defined as the use of one or more vehicles in an attempt to outgain, outdistance, or prevent another vehicle from passing, to arrive at a given destination ahead of another vehicle or vehicles, or to test the physical stamina or endurance of drivers over long distance driving routes.

(d) Every person violating subsection (a), if convicted, shall be punished as follows:

(1) For a first conviction by a fine in the amount of five hundred dollars ($500) and imprisonment for a period of not less than five days nor more than 90 days, provided that the sentence of imprisonment shall be suspended and, in lieu thereof, the person shall serve 30 days probation.

(2) For a second conviction, by a fine in the amount of three thousand dollars ($3,000) and imprisonment for not less than 10 days nor more than six months, provided that the sentence of imprisonment shall be suspended, and in lieu thereof, the person shall serve six months probation.

(3) For a third or subsequent conviction, by a fine in the amount of six thousand dollars ($6,000) and imprisonment for not more than one year, provided that the sentence of imprisonment shall be suspended and, in lieu thereof, the person shall serve one year probation.

(e) In addition to the fines and penalties set out in subsection (d), on a first conviction, the court shall prohibit any person convicted of driving a vehicle in violation of this section from driving a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for a period not exceeding six months, and the license of the person shall be suspended for such period by the Secretary of the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency pursuant to Section 32-5A-195. On a second or subsequent conviction, the court shall prohibit any person convicted of driving a vehicle in violation of this section from driving a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for a period not exceeding one year, and the license of the person shall be suspended for that period by the Secretary of the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency pursuant to Section 32-5A-195.

(f)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any person arrested for driving a vehicle in violation of subsection (a) shall be immediately removed from the vehicle. The vehicle, regardless of ownership or possessory interest of the operator or person present in the vehicle, shall be impounded by any duly sworn law enforcement officer. If there is an emergency or medical necessity jeopardizing life or limb, the law enforcement officer may elect not to impound the vehicle. The law enforcement officer making the impoundment shall direct an approved towing service to tow the vehicle to the garage of the towing service, storage lot, or other place of safety and maintain custody and control of the vehicle until the registered owner or authorized agent of the registered owner claims the vehicle by paying all reasonable and customary towing and storage fees for the services of the towing company. The vehicle shall then be released to the registered owner or an agent of the owner.

(2) Any towing service or towing company removing the vehicle at the direction of the law enforcement officer in accordance with this section shall have a lien on the motor vehicle for all reasonable and customary fees relating to the towing and storage of the motor vehicle. This lien shall be subject and subordinate to all prior security interests and other liens affecting the vehicle whether evidenced on the certificate of title or otherwise. Notice of any sale or other proceedings relative to this lien shall be given to the holders of all prior security interests or other liens by official service of process at least 15 days prior to any sale or other proceedings.

(g) It is also a violation of this section for any person to participate in any race, competition, contest, test, or exhibition prohibited in subsection (a) as an organizer or spectator. For the purposes of this subsection, an organizer is any person who promotes participation in, coordinates, facilitates, or collects monies at any location for any race or drag race, or purposefully causes the movement of traffic to slow or stop for any such race or drag race. For the purposes of this section, a spectator is any person who has purchased a ticket for admission to the race or drag race or who is otherwise knowingly present at and views the race or drag race as the result of an affirmative choice to attend or remain at the location of the race or drag race. A person who is merely in the vicinity of the race or drag race, but is not an organizer or spectator as defined herein, shall not be held in violation of this subsection. Any person in violation of this subsection shall be punished as provided in Section 32-5A-8, except no imprisonment shall be ordered for a violation of this subsection.
Ala. Code § 32-6-132 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-132
Section 32-6-132 Provisions Supplementary
Status: in_force

The provisions of this division are supplementary to the motor vehicle license laws of the State of Alabama, and nothing herein contained shall be construed as abridging or repealing such laws.
Ala. Code § 32-8-61 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-61
Section 32-8-61 Perfection of Security Interests
Status: in_force

(a) Unless excepted by this section, a security interest in a vehicle for which a certificate of title is required by the terms of this chapter is not valid against creditors of the owner or subsequent transferees or lienholders of the vehicle unless perfected as provided in this article.

(b) A security interest is perfected by the delivery to the department of the existing certificate of title, if any, an application for a certificate of title containing the name and address of the lienholder and the date of his security agreement and the required fee. It is perfected as of the time of its creation if the delivery is completed within 30 days thereafter, otherwise, as of the time of the delivery.
Ala. Code § 32-6-254 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-254
Section 32-6-254 Use and Transferability; Permanence; Use by Surviving Spouse
Status: in_force

The use and transferability of such plates shall be the same as the method used for National Guard and Air National Guard plates as provided in Sections 32-6-111 through 32-6-114. Provided, however, the license plates shall be permanent in nature and shall not be reissued each year. A recipient shall be entitled to keep his or her license plate for life. Provided further, upon the death of any recipient, the surviving spouse shall be entitled to retain the distinctive permanent plate, at no fee or tax, except that surviving spouses of Purple Heart Medal recipients shall pay ad valorem taxes due, for one private motor vehicle owned by the surviving spouse for the remainder of the spouse’s lifetime or until his or her remarriage.
Ala. Code § 32-6-421 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-421
Section 32-6-421 Distribution of Proceeds
Status: in_force

Proceeds from the additional revenues generated by the fifty dollars ($50) minus the production and administrative costs for the “Alabama Jaycee” tags or plates shall be submitted monthly by the Department of Revenue or other appropriate official to the Alabama Jaycees Foundation which shall distribute the proceeds to various charities as directed by the Birmingham Jaycees with the approval of the Alabama Jaycees Executive Board.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-139 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-139
Section 32-5A-139 Officers Authorized to Remove Vehicles
Status: in_force

(a) Whenever any police officer finds a vehicle standing upon a highway in violation of any of the provisions of Section 32-5A-136 such officer is hereby authorized to move such vehicle, or require the driver or other person in charge of the vehicle to move the same, to a position off the paved or main-traveled part of such highway.

(b) Any police officer is hereby authorized to remove or cause to be removed to a place of safety any unattended vehicle illegally left standing upon any highway, bridge, causeway, or in any tunnel, in such position or under such circumstances as to obstruct the normal movement of traffic.

(c) Any police officer is hereby authorized to remove or cause to be removed to the nearest garage or other place of safety any vehicle found upon a highway when:

(1) Report has been made that such vehicle has been stolen or taken without the consent of its owner;

(2) The person or persons in charge of such vehicle are unable to provide for its custody or removal;

(3) When the person driving or in control of such vehicle is arrested for an alleged offense for which the officer is required by law to take the person arrested before a proper magistrate without unnecessary delay; or

(4) When a vehicle has been left unattended for 24 hours or more on or adjacent to any public highway and it is determined by the police officer that the vehicle constitutes a hazard to traffic upon the highway.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.23 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.23
Section 32-6-49.23 Ineligibility for Deferred Prosecution Program, Diversion Program, Etc., Upon Charge of Traffic Law Violation
Status: in_force

A holder of a commercial driver’s license, an operator of a commercial motor vehicle, or a commercial driver learner permit holder who is charged with a violation of a traffic law in this state shall not be eligible for a deferred prosecution program, diversion program, or any deferred imposition of judgment program.
Ala. Code § 32-6-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-5
Section 32-6-5 Reports; Disposition of Funds
Status: in_force

At the close of business on Monday of each week when any application has been received or temporary instruction permit provided for in this article has been issued, the judge of probate or Department of Public Safety receiving the application or issuing the permit shall prepare a report of the same upon a form which shall be provided by the Director of Public Safety. One copy of the report, together with all applications received and copies of all permits issued, shall be forwarded to the Director of Public Safety and one copy shall be retained by the judge of probate. On the tenth day of every month except October, November, and December, the judge of probate and the Department of Public Safety shall prepare a report showing the number of applications received and permits issued and the amount of fees received during the previous calendar month. In the months of October, November, and December, the report shall be prepared on the twentieth day of the month. One copy of a report shall be forwarded to the Director of Public Safety, one to the Comptroller, and one to the Treasurer, and the judge of probate shall retain a copy. The judge of probate shall also at that time deliver to the Treasurer the amount of all the fees collected, less one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) for each driver license or identification card issued, which sum shall be retained by him or her. Except in counties where the judge of probate is compensated by fees, each one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) retained by the judge of probate shall be paid into the public highway and traffic fund of the county. In counties where the judge of probate is compensated by fees, two-fifths of each one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) retained by the judge of probate shall be for his or her own use, and no other or further charge shall be made by him or her for services rendered in taking or receiving applications or issuing permits, and the remaining three-fifths shall be paid into the public highway and traffic fund of the county. This section, providing for the allocation of the one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) retained by the judge of probate in counties where the judge of probate is compensated by fees, shall not repeal any local statutes or general statutes of local application providing for a different allocation of the one dollar fifty cents ($1.50). The funds remitted to the State Treasurer under this section, except for that portion representing five dollars ($5) for each license or card issued, shall be deposited to the credit of the General Fund and shall be appropriated for public safety use. The Department of Public Safety shall deliver the amount of all the fees collected by the department to the State Treasurer less one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) for each driver’s license or identification card issued, which shall be remitted to the county general fund in the county of issuance on the tenth day of the following month. From the funds remitted to the State Treasurer, the portion representing five dollars ($5) shall be deposited into the Highway Traffic Safety Fund for the Department of Public Safety which is hereby created within the State Treasury. All money deposited in the State Treasury to the credit of the Highway Traffic Safety Fund for the Department of Public Safety shall be expended for law enforcement purposes. No money shall be withdrawn or expended from the fund for any law enforcement purpose unless the money has been allotted and budgeted in accordance with Article 4, commencing with Section 41-4-80, of Chapter 4 of Title 41, and only in the amounts and for the law enforcement purposes provided by the Legislature in the general appropriations bill.
Ala. Code § 32-6-157 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-157
Section 32-6-157 Issuance of Plates for Certain Trucks
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, distinctive and personalized license plates may be issued to trucks with a gross vehicle weight not exceeding 10,000 pounds; provided, this section shall not apply to distinctive military license plates or plates with the Dynamic Accessibility Symbol.
Ala. Code § 32-9B-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9B / Section 32-9B-5
Section 32-9B-5 Automated Commercial Vehicles - Accidents
Status: in_force

When an accident occurs involving an automated commercial motor vehicle, the requirements of Chapter 10 shall be deemed satisfied if the vehicle remains on the scene of the accident and the vehicle, owner, a person on behalf of the owner, or operator promptly contacts appropriate law enforcement entities and communicates the information required by Chapter 10.
Ala. Code § 32-15A-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15A / Section 32-15A-3
Section 32-15A-3
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), a peer-to-peer car sharing program shall assume liability of a shared vehicle owner for bodily injury or property damage to third parties during the car sharing period in an amount stated in the peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement. The amount shall not be less than the proof of financial responsibility required under Chapter 7 of Title 32.

(b) Notwithstanding the definition of “car sharing termination time,” the assumption of liability under subsection (a) does not apply to any shared vehicle owner under either of the following circumstances:

(1) When a shared vehicle owner makes an intentional or fraudulent material misrepresentation or omission to the peer-to-peer car sharing program before the car sharing period in which the loss occurred.

(2) When a shared vehicle owner acts in concert with a shared vehicle driver who fails to return the shared vehicle pursuant to the terms of the peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement.

(c) Notwithstanding the definition of “car sharing termination time,” the assumption of liability under subsection (a) applies to bodily injury or property damage to third parties as required under Chapter 7 of Title 32.

(d) A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall ensure that, during each car sharing period, the shared vehicle owner and the shared vehicle driver are insured under a motor vehicle liability insurance policy that does all of the following:

(1) Provides insurance coverage in amounts no less than the minimum amounts required for proof of financial responsibility described under Section 32-7-2.

(2) Does either of the following:

a. Recognizes that the shared vehicle insured under the policy is made available and used through a peer-to-peer car sharing program.

b. Does not exclude the use of a shared vehicle by a shared vehicle driver.

(e) The insurance required under subsection (d) may be purchased by any of the following:

(1) A shared vehicle owner.

(2) A shared vehicle driver.

(3) A peer-to-peer car sharing program.

(4) Any combination of a shared vehicle owner, a shared vehicle driver, or a peer-to-peer car sharing program.

(f) The insurance described in subsection (e), which is satisfying the requirement of subsection (d), shall be primary during each car sharing period. If a claim occurs in another state with minimum financial responsibility limits higher than those described in Section 32-7-2, during the car sharing period, the insurance maintained under subsection (e) shall satisfy the difference in minimum coverage amounts, up to the applicable policy limits.

(g) The insurer, insurers, or peer-to-peer car sharing program providing coverage under subsection (d) or (e) shall assume primary liability for a claim when either of the following occurs:

(1) A dispute exists as to who was in control of the shared vehicle at the time of the loss and the peer-to-peer car sharing program does not have available, did not retain, or fails to provide the information required by Section 32-15A-6.

(2) A dispute exists as to whether the shared vehicle was returned to the alternatively agreed upon location as required under Section 32-15A-2(4)b.

(h) If insurance purchased by a shared vehicle owner or shared vehicle driver pursuant to subsection (e) has lapsed or does not provide the required coverage, insurance maintained by a peer-to-peer car sharing program shall provide the coverage required by subsection (d) beginning with the first dollar of a claim and shall have the duty to defend the claim except under circumstances as set forth in subsection (b).

(i) Coverage under an automobile insurance policy maintained by the peer-to-peer car sharing program may not be dependent on another automobile insurer first denying a claim and may not require another automobile insurance policy to first deny a claim.

(j) Nothing in this section does either of the following:

(1) Limits the liability of a peer-to-peer car sharing program for any act or omission of the peer-to-peer car sharing program which results in injury to any person as a result of the use of a shared vehicle through a peer-to-peer car sharing program.

(2) Limits the ability of the peer-to-peer car sharing program to seek indemnification, by contract, from the shared vehicle owner or the shared vehicle driver for economic loss sustained by the peer-to-peer car sharing program resulting from a breach of the terms and conditions of the peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement.
Ala. Code § 32-8-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-7
Section 32-8-7 Additional Commission Fee; Collection of Commissions
Status: in_force

(a) The judge of probate or other county official who is authorized and required by law to issue license plates and who is required to process applications for certificate of title by this chapter may collect and retain a one dollar and fifty cent ($1.50) commission fee for each application processed in addition to the one dollar and fifty cent ($1.50) designated agent commission fee to further defray the cost of processing and mailing of title applications.

(b) When an application is not processed through a designated agent, the department may collect and retain a commission for each application processed by the department to defray the cost associated with processing and supporting electronic title applications and payments. The commission amount shall be the same as the commissions provided for designated agents and, in addition to all other appropriations, shall be continuously appropriated to the department.
Ala. Code § 32-8-40 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-40
Section 32-8-40 Distinctive Certificates for Certain Vehicles
Status: in_force

If the department is not satisfied that there are no undisclosed security interests created before this chapter takes effect in a previously registered vehicle, the department may, in addition to the department’s options under Section 32-8-36, issue a distinctive certificate of title of the vehicle containing the legend, “This vehicle may be subject to an undisclosed lien” and containing any other information the department prescribes.
Ala. Code § 32-12A-13 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 12A / Section 32-12A-13
Section 32-12A-13 Rulemaking Authority
Status: in_force

The secretary may adopt rules necessary to administer this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-18-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 18 / Section 32-18-3
Section 32-18-3 Fees
Status: in_force

Such city shall have the power to fix the amount of fees, not exceeding $1.00 per test and not more than $2.00 per annum, for the inspection of any motor vehicle for any and all defects prohibited by law upon and for every restriction and requirement imposed by law with respect to the equipment and maintenance of any such motor vehicle operated upon the streets, alleys, or highways of such city. In addition to inspections required by ordinance, any owner or operator may have his motor vehicle inspected as often as he or she may reasonably desire, between such inspection periods as may be fixed by such city. Such city shall have additional power to set aside all fees so collected by it in a separate fund out of which all costs and expenses in connection with or growing out of the construction, establishment, equipment, operation, and maintenance of such stations by it shall be paid. Any surplus remaining in such fund shall be paid into a fund for traffic regulation and enforcement.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-305 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-305
Section 32-5A-305 Minimum Periods of Suspension; Reinstatement
Status: in_force

(a) The periods of suspension specified by Section 32-5A-304 are intended to be minimum periods of suspension for the described conduct. No driving privilege shall be restored under any circumstances and no license of any classification shall be issued during the suspension period, except as provided pursuant to subsection (c) of Section 32-5A-304.

(b) No driving privilege may be restored until all applicable reinstatement fees have been paid.
Ala. Code § 32-7-16 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-16
Section 32-7-16 Payments Sufficient to Satisfy Requirements
Status: in_force

Judgments herein referred to shall, for the purpose of this chapter only, be deemed satisfied:

(1) When twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of bodily injury to or death of one person as the result of any one accident; (2) When, subject to such limit of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) because of bodily injury to or death of one person, the sum of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons as the result of any one accident; or (3) When twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of injury to or destruction of property of others as a result of any one accident. Payments made in settlement of any claims because of bodily injury, death or property damage arising from a motor vehicle accident shall be credited in reduction of the amounts provided for in this section.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-7
Section 32-7A-7 Random Verification of Insurance
Status: in_force

(a) The department may review registrations of motor vehicles subject to Section 32-7A-4, or owners thereof, for the purpose of verifying whether or not the motor vehicles are insured through an online insurance verification system. If the department cannot verify the insurance status of a vehicle using the online insurance verification system or other such method for deposits of cash or motor vehicle insurance liability bonds, the department may send owners requests for information about their motor vehicles and liability insurance in accordance with subsections (d) and (e).

(b) In addition to such review of motor vehicle registrations in subsection (a), the department may select and review for verification other sources of information including, but not limited to, registrations of motor vehicles owned by persons:

(1) Whose motor vehicle registrations have been suspended pursuant to Section 32-7A-12 or any other provision of this chapter.

(2) Who have been convicted of violating Section 32-7A-16 while operating vehicles owned by other persons.

(3) Whose driving privileges have been suspended or revoked.

(4) Who have received a disposition of supervision by the courts of this state for a violation of the provisions of this chapter.

(c) The director shall provide to the department, in a manner designated by the department, the name of an owner or operator of any motor vehicle involved in an accident without liability insurance who is determined not to be subject to the suspension by the director pursuant to the provisions of Section 32-7-6. The director shall also provide to the department, in a manner designated by the department, the name of an owner or operator of any motor vehicle that has been found in violation of Section 32-7A-16.

The department may then verify whether or not at the time of the accident such motor vehicle was covered by a liability insurance policy or commercial automobile liability insurance policy in accordance with Section 32-7A-4.

(d) The department may send to owners of selected motor vehicles or to selected motor vehicle owners, requests for information about their motor vehicles and liability insurance coverage. The request shall require the owner to provide:

(1) Whether or not the motor vehicle was insured on the verification date stated in the department’s request, and the reason no insurance existed for the vehicle if not insured.

(2) The name, address, NAIC number, and telephone number of the insurance company that insures the motor vehicle.

(3) The effective date of the policy and the expiration date of the policy.

(4) The owner’s signature.

(5) The policy number.

(e) Within 30 calendar days after the department mails a request, the owner to whom it is sent shall furnish the requested information to the department in a manner as prescribed by the department. Evidence of insurance in effect on the verification date, as prescribed by the department, may be considered by the department to be a satisfactory response to the request for information.

(f) Any owner whose response indicates that his or her vehicle did not have liability insurance coverage on the insurance verification date in accordance with Section 32-7A-4 shall be deemed to have registered or maintained registration of a motor vehicle in violation of that section. Any owner who fails to respond to such a request shall be deemed to have registered or maintained registration of a motor vehicle in violation of Section 32-7A-4.

(g) If the owner responds to the request for information by asserting that his or her vehicle did have liability insurance coverage in accordance with Section 32-7A-4 on the verification date stated in the department’s request, the department may conduct a verification of the response by furnishing necessary information to the insurer named in the response. The insurer shall within 30 calendar days inform the department if on the verification date stated the motor vehicle was not insured by the insurer in accordance with Section 32-7A-4 or the department may verify the response by using the online insurance verification system.

(h) No review of registration selected under this section shall be categorized on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, ancestry, age, marital status, physical or mental disability, economic status, or geography.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-88 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-88
Section 32-5A-88 Driving on Roadways Laned for Traffic
Status: in_force

Whenever any roadway has been divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic the following rules in addition to all others consistent herewith shall apply:

(1) A vehicle shall be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a single lane and shall not be moved from such lane until the driver has first ascertained that such movement can be made with safety.

(2) Upon a roadway which is divided into three lanes and provides for two-way movement of traffic, a vehicle shall not be driven in the center lane except when overtaking and passing another vehicle traveling in the same direction when such center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance, or in preparation for making a left turn or where such center lane is at the time allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the same direction that the vehicle is proceeding and such allocation is designated by official traffic-control devices.

(3) Official traffic-control devices may be erected directing specified traffic to use a designated lane or designating those lanes to be used by traffic moving in a particular direction regardless of the center of the roadway and drivers of vehicles shall obey the direction of every such device.

(4) Official traffic-control devices may be installed prohibiting the changing of lanes on sections of roadway and drivers of vehicles shall obey the directions of every such device.
Ala. Code § 32-6-43 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-43
Section 32-6-43 Reports, Records, Etc., Confidential
Status: in_force

Reports or records, received or made by the board or any of its members, or by the director in determining whether a person meets the medical, physical, or mental standards to be licensed as a driver are for the confidential use of the board and the director’s office, and the reports or records shall not be divulged to any other person, federal, state, or local government or private entity, or used as evidence in any trial, except that the reports or records may be submitted in proceedings under the provisions of Section 32-5A-195, and may be provided to the person who has been denied a driver license based upon the reports.
Ala. Code § 32-6-450 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-450
Section 32-6-450 Issuance of Distinctive License Tags and Plates
Status: in_force

Upon application to the judge of probate or license commissioner, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license tags or plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of an additional annual fee of fifty dollars ($50), owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive “Children’s Trust Fund” license tags or plates. These tags or plates shall be valid for five years, and may then be replaced with either conventional, personalized, or new “Children’s Trust Fund” tags or plates. Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new tag or plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63. The Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Board shall design, or have designed, the “Children’s Trust Fund” tags or plates which design shall be approved by the Department of Revenue. The tags or plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive and personalized tags and plates provided in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-31 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-31
Section 32-7C-31 Accepting Trips Outside Tnc Digital Network
Status: in_force

A TNC driver may not accept a trip for compensation, including soliciting or accepting passenger rides on demand or through a street hail, other than a trip arranged through a TNC’s digital network. Any individual who violates this section is guilty of a Class C misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 32-6-10 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-10
Section 32-6-10 Reciprocal Agreements - Other States or Countries
Status: in_force

The Director of Public Safety is hereby empowered to enter into reciprocal agreements, when not in conflict with law, with other states or countries constituting an exchange of rights or privileges in the use of drivers’ licenses within this state by people who hold a valid driver’s license in another state or country; provided, that nothing herein contained shall in any way affect the revocation of licenses of another state or country. The reciprocal agreement can be annulled on notice issued to either party by the other party thereto within 30 days. No such agreement shall authorize a person who has been a resident of this state for the past 90 days to operate a motor vehicle in this state without a valid driver’s license issued by the Director of Public Safety of this state, unless otherwise authorized by law.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-218 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-218
Section 32-5A-218 Pedestrians’ Right-of-Way on Sidewalks
Status: in_force

The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian or first responder on a sidewalk.
Ala. Code § 32-6-233.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-233.1
Section 32-6-233.1 [Effective until October 1, 2028] Unauthorized Use of Parking Places. (Amended by Act 2026-498)
Status: reserved

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-498, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) It shall be unlawful for any person who does not have a distinctive special long-term access or long-term disability access license plate or placard or temporary disability placard as provided in Section 32-6-231, or who is not transporting a passenger who has a distinctive special long-term access or long-term disability access license plate or placard or temporary disability placard as provided in Section 32-6-231, to park a motor vehicle in a parking place designated for individuals with disabilities at any place of public accommodation, any business or legal entity engaged in interstate commerce or which is subject to any federal or state laws requiring access by individuals with disabilities, any amusement facility or resort, or any other place to which the general public is invited or solicited, even though located on private property. Upon conviction, notwithstanding any other penalty provision that may be authorized or employed, the person shall be fined a minimum of fifty dollars ($50) for the first offense, a minimum of two hundred dollars ($200) for the second offense, and a minimum of five hundred dollars ($500) for the third or any subsequent offense. In addition, for the second or any subsequent offense under this section, the person shall be ordered by the court to perform a minimum of 40 hours of either of the following forms of community service:

(1) Community service for a nonprofit organization that serves individuals with disabilities or serves individuals who have a disabling disease.

(2) Any other community service that may sensitize the individuals to the needs and obstacles faced daily by individuals with disabilities.

(b) Any authorized municipal, county, or state law enforcement officer may go on private property to enforce this section.

(c) This section may be enforced by any law enforcement officer who has successfully complied with the minimum standards for police officers as set forth in Section 36-21-46, including, but not limited to, municipal law enforcement officers, sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, and Alabama State Troopers. Any law enforcement officer enforcing this section may ask for verification that either the driver or a passenger of the parked vehicle is the lawful holder of a distinctive special long-term access or long-term disability access license plate or placard or temporary disability placard.

(d) Any sign designating a special access parking or disability parking place may contain on the sign or attached to the sign the amount of the fine for a parking violation on the first offense pursuant to subsection (a).

(e)(1) If the law enforcement officer who issues the special access parking or disability parking violation is employed by a local law enforcement agency, 100 percent of the fines collected pursuant to this section shall be paid to the municipal or county general fund for the use of the law enforcement agency by whom the arresting officer is employed.

(2) If the law enforcement officer who issues the special access parking or disability access parking violation is employed by a state law enforcement agency, the fines collected pursuant to this section shall be remitted to the State Treasury, to be deposited in a separate fund to be distributed 50 percent to the law enforcement agency by whom the arresting officer is employed, 25 percent to the Administrative Office of Courts, to be expended for support of the trial courts, and 25 percent to the Department of Mental Health, to be expended for the Individual and Family Support Program for individuals with developmental disabilities.

(3) All funds deposited to a separate fund in the State Treasury pursuant to this subsection to be expended by the Department of Mental Health, the Administrative Office of Courts, and state law enforcement agencies shall be appropriated by the Legislature, for the purposes stated in this subsection. The expenditure of such sums so appropriated shall be budgeted and allotted pursuant to the Budget Management Act and Article 4 of Chapter 4 of Title 41. No monies deposited to this fund shall revert to the State General Fund at the end of any fiscal year. Prior to the release of any monies to the Individual and Family Support Program, such expenditures shall first be approved by the Commissioner of the Department of Mental Health.

(f) This section shall be held in pari materia with all other provisions of law related to illegal special access parking or disability access parking violations and all laws or parts of laws which conflict with this section are repealed.

(g) Municipal law enforcement officers, sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, and Alabama State Troopers, may cause vehicles illegally parked in accessible parking spaces to be towed.

(h) Municipal law enforcement officers, sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, and Alabama State Troopers may issue violations for vehicles parked on access aisles. “Access aisles” are defined as the hash-marked or cross-striped space that is five feet or eight feet wide which is directly next to the accessible parking space. “Access aisle” also has the same definition as contained within the 2010 Accessible Design Standards within the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Ala. Code § 32-6-300 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-300
Section 32-6-300 Issuance Authorized; Fee; Term of Validity; Design. (Amended by Act 2026-526)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-526, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2027. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) Owners of all motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama, upon application to the judge of probate or commissioner of licenses, complying with the state motor vehicle laws relating to registration and licensing of motor vehicles and payment of the regular license fee for plates as provided by law for the motor vehicle, and the payment of an additional annual fee of twenty dollars ($20), shall be issued license plates which shall bear the words “Helping Schools.”

(b) The plates shall be issued, printed, and processed in the same manner as other personalized plates are in this chapter. The plates shall be valid for five years and shall be replaced at the end of the period with either conventional plates or other personalized plates, or with new “Helping Schools” plates. Payment of the required motor vehicle license fees and taxes for the years during which a new vehicle license plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided for in Section 32-6-63. The State Department of Revenue shall design, or have designed, the “Helping Schools” plates in compliance with all laws and regulations.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-182 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-182
Section 32-5A-182 Reduced Speed School Zones Established
Status: in_force

A reduced speed school zone is established for every public or private school in the state, including schools along state-maintained roads or highways.

(1) At an appropriate distance before reaching a reduced speed school zone, an appropriate sign or signs shall be erected warning of the approaching reduced speed school zone.

(2) A sign or signs at the end of the school zone shall designate where the motor vehicle may resume the regular speed limits.

(3) All signs and signing locations shall be in accordance with the rules contained in the current Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices.
Ala. Code § 32-6-270 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-270
Section 32-6-270 “Firefighter” and “Retired Volunteer Firefighter” Defined
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this division, unless the context clearly requires a different meaning: “Firefighter” means a current member or members of, or a retired member or members from, a paid, part-paid or volunteer fire department of a city, town, county, or other subdivision of the state or civilian federal firefighters or of a public corporation organized for the purpose of providing water, water systems, fire protection services, or fire protection facilities in the state; and such words shall include the chief, assistant chief, wardens, engineers, captains, firemen, and all other officers and employees of such departments who actually engage in fire fighting or in rendering first aid in case of drownings or asphyxiation at the scene of action.

(b) As used in this division, the term “retired volunteer firefighter” means someone that has retired from performing the required duties of a firefighter on a voluntary basis at a certified volunteer fire department, wherein, those duties were performed for at least 10 years and the person has attained the age of 55 years old. Notwithstanding any other provision of this division, the term “retired volunteer firefighter” includes a volunteer firefighter who is a resident of this state and who has retired from a volunteer fire department in another state and who otherwise meets the requirements of this subsection.
Ala. Code § 32-6-194 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-194
Section 32-6-194 Transfer of Tags or Plates
Status: in_force

The distinctive license plates or tags issued pursuant to this division shall not be transferable between motor vehicle owners, and in the event the owner of a vehicle bearing the distinctive plates sells, trades, exchanges, or otherwise disposes of the motor vehicle, the plates shall be retained by the owner to whom issued and returned to the judge of probate or license commissioner of the county, who shall receive and account for the tags or plates as provided in this section. In the event the owner acquires by purchase, trade, exchange, or otherwise a vehicle for which no standard plates have been issued during the current license period, the judge of probate or license commissioner of the county shall, upon being furnished by the owner proper certification of the acquisition of the vehicle and the payment of the motor vehicle license tax due upon the vehicle, authorize the transfer of the distinctive license plates or tags previously purchased by the owner to the vehicle, which plates or tags shall authorize the operation of the vehicle for the remainder of the then current license period. In the event the owner of the distinctive license plates or tags acquires by purchase, trade, exchange, or otherwise a vehicle for which standard plates have been issued during the current license year, the judge of probate or license commissioner shall, upon proper certification of the owner and upon delivery to the official of the standard plates previously issued for the vehicle, authorize the owner of the newly-acquired vehicle to place the distinctive license plates or tags previously purchased on the vehicle and use the plates for the remainder of the then current license period. The notice of transfer of ownership shall be made of record by the judge of probate or the license commissioner.

Any person acquiring by purchase, trade, exchange, or otherwise any vehicle formerly bearing the distinctive plates may, upon certification of the fact to the judge of probate or license commissioner of the county and the payment of the fee now required by law, purchase standard replacement plates for the vehicle which shall authorize the operation of the vehicle by the new owner for the remainder of the license period.
Ala. Code § 32-7-25 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-25
Section 32-7-25 Chapter Not to Affect Other Policies
Status: in_force

(a) This chapter shall not be held to apply to or affect policies of automobile insurance against liability which may now or hereafter be required by any other law of this state, and such policies, if they contain an agreement or are endorsed to conform to the requirements of this chapter, may be certified as proof of financial responsibility under this chapter.

(b) This chapter shall not be held to apply to or affect policies insuring solely the insured named in the policy against liability resulting from the maintenance or use by persons in the insured’s employ or on his or her behalf of motor vehicles not owned by the insured.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-32 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-32
Section 32-5A-32 Traffic-Control Signal Legend
Status: in_force

Whenever traffic is controlled by traffic-control signals exhibiting different colored lights, or colored lighted arrows, successively one at a time or in combination, only the colors green, red, and yellow shall be used, except for special pedestrian signals carrying a word or symbol legend, and the lights shall indicate and apply to drivers of vehicles and pedestrians as follows:

(1) Green indication:

a. Vehicular traffic facing a circular green signal may proceed straight through or turn right or left unless a sign at such place prohibits either such turn. But vehicular traffic, including vehicles turning right or left, shall yield the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time such signal is exhibited.

b. Vehicular traffic facing a green arrow signal, shown alone or in combination with another indication, may cautiously enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by such arrow, or such other movement as is permitted by other indications shown at the same time. Such vehicular traffic shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.

c. Unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian-control signal, as provided in Section 32-5A-33, pedestrians facing any green signal, except when the sole green signal is a turn arrow, may proceed across the roadway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk.

(2) Steady yellow indication:

a. Vehicular traffic facing a steady circular yellow or yellow arrow signal is thereby warned that the related green movement is being terminated or that a red indication will be exhibited immediately thereafter.

b. Pedestrians facing a steady circular yellow or yellow arrow signal, unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian-control signal as provided in Section 32-5A-33, are thereby advised that there is insufficient time to cross the roadway before a red indication is shown and no pedestrian shall then start to cross the roadway.

(3) Steady red indication:

a. Vehicular traffic facing a steady circular red signal alone shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or if none, then before entering the intersection and shall remain standing until an indication to proceed is shown except as provided in subdivision (3)b.

b. Except when a sign is in place prohibiting a turn, vehicular traffic facing any steady red signal may cautiously enter the intersection to turn right, or to turn left from a one-way street into a one-way street, after stopping as required by subdivision (3)a. Such vehicular traffic shall yield the right of way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.

c. Unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian-control signal as provided in Section 32-5A-33, pedestrians facing a steady circular red signal alone shall not enter the roadway.

(4) In the event an official traffic-control signal is erected and maintained at a place other than an intersection, the provisions of this section shall be applicable except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Any stop required shall be made at a sign or marking on the pavement indicating where the stop shall be made, but in the absence of any such signal or marking the stop shall be made at the signal.
Ala. Code § 32-6-611 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-611
Section 32-6-611 Personalized Plates
Status: in_force

(a) Upon application to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license tags or plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of the annual additional fee of fifty dollars ($50), which shall not be prorated, owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued personalized God Bless America license tags or plates upon which, in lieu of the numbers prescribed by law, shall be inscribed special letters, figures, numbers, or other marks, emblems, symbols, or badges of distinction or personal prestige or a combination of these as are approved for and assigned to the application by the Department of Revenue.

(b) The personalized license tags or plates provided for in this section shall be issued, printed, processed, and renewed in the same manner as other personalized plates in Section 32-6-150.

(c) Fees collected pursuant to this section, net the two and one-half percent commission to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official and manufacturing costs to the Department of Corrections shall be transmitted timely to the state Comptroller. The balance of the funds shall be distributed to the Alabama Veterans Living Legacy and administered by the Citizenship Trust pursuant to Sections 16-44A-30 to 16-44A-36, inclusive.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.5
Section 32-6-49.5 Notification Required by Driver
Status: in_force

(a) Any driver holding a commercial driver license issued by this state, who is convicted of violating any state law or local ordinance relating to motor vehicle traffic control in this or any other state, or federal, provincial, territorial, or municipal laws of Canada, other than parking violations, must notify his or her employer in writing of the conviction within 30 days of the date of conviction.

(b) Any driver whose commercial driver license is suspended, revoked, or cancelled by any state, or federal, provincial, territorial, or municipal laws of Canada, or who loses the privilege to drive a commercial motor vehicle in any such state for any period, including being disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle, or who is subject to an out of service order, must notify his or her employer of that fact before the end of the business day following the day the driver received notice of that fact.

(c) Any person who applies to be a commercial motor vehicle driver must provide the employer, at the time of the application, with the following information for the 10 years preceding the date of application:

(1) A list of the names and addresses of the applicant’s previous employers for which the applicant was a driver of a commercial motor vehicle;

(2) The dates between which the applicant drove for each employer; and

(3) The reason for leaving that employer.

The applicant must certify that all information furnished is true and complete. An employer may require an applicant to provide additional information.
Ala. Code § 32-5-221 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-221
Section 32-5-221 Flares or Other Warning Devices - Display
Status: in_force

(a) Whenever any truck, passenger bus, truck tractor, trailer, semitrailer, or pole trailer is disabled upon the traveled portion of any highway or the shoulder thereof outside of any municipality at any time when lighted lamps are required on vehicles the driver of such vehicle shall display the following warning devices upon the highway during the time the vehicle is so disabled on the highway except as provided in subsection (b) of this section:

(1) A lighted fusee or other flare shall be immediately placed on the roadway at the traffic side of the motor vehicle unless electric lanterns are displayed.

(2) Within the burning period of the fusee or other flare and as promptly as possible three lighted flares (pot torches) or three electric lanterns shall be placed on the roadway as follows: One approximately 100 feet in advance of the vehicle; one at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the rear of the vehicle, each in the center of the lane of traffic occupied by the disabled vehicle; and one at the traffic side of the vehicle approximately 10 feet rearward or forward thereof.

(b) Whenever any vehicle used in the transportation of inflammable liquid in bulk or transporting compressed inflammable gases is disabled upon a highway at any time or place mentioned in subsection (a) of this section, the driver of such vehicle shall display upon the roadway one red electric lantern to be immediately placed on the roadway at the traffic side of the vehicle and two other red electric lanterns to be placed to the front and rear of the vehicle in the same manner prescribed in subsection (a) above for flares. When a vehicle of a type specified in this subsection is disabled, the use of flares, fusees, or any signal produced by flame as warning signals is prohibited.

(c) Whenever any vehicle of a type referred to in this section is disabled upon the traveled portion of a highway or the shoulder thereof, outside of any municipality at any time when the display of fusees, flares, or electric lanterns is not required, the driver of such vehicle shall display two red flags upon the roadway in the lane of traffic occupied by the disabled vehicle, one at a distance of approximately 100 feet in advance of the vehicle, and one at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the rear of the vehicle.

(d) In the alternative, it shall be deemed a compliance with this section in the event three portable reflector units on standards of a type approved by the department are displayed at the times and under the conditions specified in this section either during the daytime or at nighttime and such portable reflector units shall be placed on the roadway in the locations prescribed above for the placing of electric lanterns and lighted flares.

(e) The flares, fusees, lanterns, and flags to be displayed as required in this section shall conform to the requirements of Section 32-5-220.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-280 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-280
Section 32-5A-280 Short Title
Status: in_force

This article shall be known and may be cited as the “Brad Hudson-Alabama Bicycle Safety Act of 1995.”
Ala. Code § 32-6-66 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-66
Section 32-6-66 Subdivision Construed in Pari Materia
Status: in_force

It is hereby specifically provided that this subdivision shall be construed in pari materia with Sections 32-8-32 and 32-8-33.
Ala. Code § 32-6-7.5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-7.5
Section 32-6-7.5 Disciplinary Point System - Determination; Hearing
Status: in_force

(a) The Alabama Department of Public Safety shall be the final arbiter as to the date of eligibility of a student based on accumulated points.

(b) If the department refuses to issue a permit or license, the student shall have a right to an impartial hearing before the Director of Public Safety or his or her designee. At the hearing, the student shall have the right to be represented by counsel and to present witnesses. The student may appeal within 14 days from the date of an adverse decision to the district court of his or her residence for a trial de novo.

(c) All records and decisions of the department pursuant to Act 2009-713 shall be confidential, and no action taken by the school and the department shall be used for purposes of affecting the insurance of the student or his or her parent.

(d) The requirements of this section are in addition to the requirements of Sections 32-6-7.2 and 32-6-8.
Ala. Code § 32-17A-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 17A / Section 32-17A-2
Section 32-17A-2 Identification of Nonoriginal Equipment Manufacturer Aftermarket Crash Parts Manufactured or Supplied in This State
Status: in_force

Any nonoriginal equipment manufacturer aftermarket crash part manufactured or supplied for use in this state on or after January 1, 1990, shall have affixed thereto or inscribed thereon the logo, identification number, or name of its manufacturer. Such manufacturer’s logo, identification number, or name shall be visible after installation whenever practicable.
Ala. Code § 32-10-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 10 / Section 32-10-2
Section 32-10-2 Duty to Give Information and Render Aid
Status: in_force

The driver of any motor vehicle involved in an accident resulting in injury to or the death of any person or damage to any vehicle which is driven or attended by any person shall give his name, address and the registration number of the vehicle he is driving, shall upon request exhibit his driver’s license to the person struck or the driver or occupant of or person attending any motor or other vehicle collided with or damaged and shall render to any person injured in such accident reasonable assistance, including the transportation of, or the making of arrangements for the transportation of such person to a physician or hospital for medical or surgical treatment, if it is apparent that such treatment is necessary or if such transportation is requested by the injured person.
Ala. Code § 32-12-44 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 12 / Section 32-12-44
Section 32-12-44 Penalty for Violation of Article
Status: in_force

Any person or manufacturer who shall violate any provision of this article shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1.00 nor more than $100.00, and may be imprisoned in the county jail or sentenced to hard labor for not more than 180 days, one or both. Each violation of any provision of this article shall constitute a separate offense.
Ala. Code § 32-6-6.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-6.1
Section 32-6-6.1 Additional Fee for Alabama Veterans’ Living Legacy Trust Fund
Status: in_force

In addition to any other fees imposed for issuance of a driver license and photo nondriver identification card, the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall impose an additional fee of fifty cents ($.50) for each driver license and photo nondriver identification card issued, except for a driver license issued to a qualifying student, as defined in Section 16-28-40(b)(2). The fee collected under this section shall be allocated and appropriated to the Alabama Veterans Living Legacy Trust Fund created by the Alabama Veterans Living Legacy Act of 2008, Division 2, commencing with Section 16-44A-50, of Article 2 of Chapter 44A, and expenditures of the fee pursuant to the master plan for facilities, programs, and outreach provided by that division and its related programs.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-110 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-110
Section 32-5A-110 Vehicle Approaching or Entering Intersection
Status: in_force

(a) When two vehicles approach or enter an intersection from different highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on the right.

(b) The right-of-way rule declared in subsection (a) is modified at through highways and otherwise as stated in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-2-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-1
Section 32-2-1 Creation; Headed by Director; Appointment and Term of Director
Status: in_force

There is hereby created a department of the State of Alabama which shall be known as the Department of Public Safety and shall be headed by the Director of Public Safety. The Governor shall appoint the director, who shall serve at the pleasure of the Governor.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.64 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.64
Section 32-6-49.64
Status: in_force

(a) An operator of a commercial motor vehicle must be able to read and speak the English language sufficiently to meet the English language proficiency requirements under 49 C.F.R. § 391.11(b)(2).

(b) An individual commits the offense of operating a commercial motor vehicle without sufficient English language proficiency if the individual:

(1) Operates a commercial motor vehicle; and

(2) Fails to demonstrate proficiency in the English language as required under subsection (a).

(c)(1) For a first violation of this section, a person who violates this section is guilty of a traffic violation, which shall be punished by a fine of up to one thousand dollars ($1,000) for the operator, a fine of up to two thousand dollars ($2,000) for the commercial motor carrier, and the impoundment of the commercial motor vehicle if it is determined that the operator or the commercial motor vehicle poses a threat to public safety.

(2) A second or subsequent violation of this section shall be punished by a fine of up to two thousand dollars ($2,000) for the operator, a fine of up to four thousand dollars ($4,000) for the commercial motor carrier, and the impoundment of the commercial motor vehicle.

(d)(1) The law enforcement officer making the impoundment shall direct an approved towing service to tow the commercial motor vehicle to the garage of the towing service, storage lot, or other place of safety and maintain custody and control of the commercial motor vehicle until the registered owner or authorized agent of the registered owner claims the commercial motor vehicle by paying all reasonable and customary towing and storage fees for the services of the towing company. The commercial motor vehicle shall then be released to the registered owner or an agent of the owner.

(2) Any towing service or towing company removing the commercial motor vehicle at the direction of the law enforcement officer in accordance with this section shall have a lien on the commercial motor vehicle for all reasonable and customary fees relating to the towing and storage of the commercial motor vehicle. This lien shall be subject and subordinate to all prior security interests and other liens affecting the commercial motor vehicle whether evidenced on the certificate of title or otherwise. Notice of any sale or other proceedings relative to this lien shall be given to the holders of all prior security interests or other liens by official service of process at least 15 days prior to any sale or other proceedings.

(3) Any person in possession of a commercial motor vehicle impounded pursuant to this section shall be subject to the provisions of Chapter 13 of Title 32, relating to the impoundment and sale of abandoned vehicles; Section 32-8-84, relating to the procedures for unclaimed vehicles; and Section 41-27-61, relating to the procedures for freight retrieval of impounded commercial vehicles.
Ala. Code § 32-12A-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 12A / Section 32-12A-4
Section 32-12A-4 Registration for Private or Public Use
Status: in_force

All-terrain vehicles or recreational off-highway vehicles may be registered for private use or for public use. Public use includes private use. Registration is valid for three years from the date of issuance and is not transferable.
Ala. Code § 32-12A-9 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 12A / Section 32-12A-9
Section 32-12A-9 Prohibition Against Licensing or Registration Requirements by Political Subdivisions of State
Status: in_force

No political subdivision of this state shall require licensing or registration of all-terrain vehicles or recreational off-highway vehicles covered by this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-6-7.4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-7.4
Section 32-6-7.4 Disciplinary Point System - Age of Student Eligibility
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each student over the age of 12 years who is enrolled in a public or private secondary school shall be subject to a disciplinary point system for an infraction committed on school property to determine the age at which the student shall be allowed to apply for a learner’s permit, motor driven cycle operator’s license, driver’s license, or any license required by the State of Alabama for the operation of a motor vehicle or vessel. The disciplinary points imposed for a disciplinary action shall be as follows:

(1) One day in-school suspension - 1 point.

(2) One day out-of-school suspension - 2 points.

(3) Alternative school placement - 6 points.

(4) Expulsion - 20 points.

(b)(1) The points shall accumulate on a yearly basis, beginning with the school year including summer school in which the student turns 13, and accumulate each year until the student is eligible to apply for a driver’s license under the imposed point system. Each accumulated point shall add one additional week to the age at which the student is eligible to be issued a learner’s permit, motor driven cycle operator’s license, or driver’s license.

(2) Notwithstanding subdivision (1), the age at which a student may apply for a license or permit shall not be extended by Act 2009-713 beyond one year from the date the student initially applies for a learner’s permit, motor driven cycle operator’s license, driver’s license, or any license required by the State of Alabama for the operation of a motor vehicle or vessel.

(c) The following subdivisions are contingent upon the technical capability of the student data management system to track, manage, and coordinate the data:

(1) Points shall be accrued on a school-year basis.

(2) Points may not accrue for the first three days of in-school suspension in any school year; however, beginning with the fourth day of suspension in any school year, all days, including the first three, of in-school suspension shall be counted in determining the points.

(3) Points may not accrue for an initial out-of-school suspension of two days or less in any school year; however, the days of the initial suspension shall be used to determine the points after a second out-of-school suspension in any school year or all days will be used to determine points if the initial suspension exceeds two days.

(4) Accumulated points shall be reduced by one-half if the student has not received additional accumulated points for one school year. If no additional points are received for two years, all records of the accumulated points shall be removed from the student’s records at the school.
Ala. Code § 32-10-8 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 10 / Section 32-10-8
Section 32-10-8 Accident Report Forms
Status: in_force

(a) The director shall prepare and upon request supply to police departments, coroners, sheriffs, garages, and other suitable agencies or individuals, uniform accident report forms required under this chapter. The required written accident report or citation to be made by persons involved in accidents or charged with a moving violation and by investigating officers shall call for sufficiently detailed information, to disclose with reference to a traffic accident, including, but not limited to, the location of the accident, probable cause, injuries to persons, property damage, deaths of persons, the registration of vehicles involved including license numbers, the name, address, and driver’s license number of the operator, highway design and maintenance, including lighting, markings, and road surface, and the names and addresses of any witnesses.

(b) Every accident report required to be made in writing shall be made on the uniform accident report form approved and supplied by the director and shall contain all available information required therein.
Ala. Code § 32-6-17.3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-17.3
Section 32-6-17.3 Cancellation, Suspension, or Revocation -- Habitually Reckless or Negligent Drivers
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for the purposes of ensuring that habitually reckless or negligent drivers do not remain on the road, the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall add points to an individual’s driver license for any traffic violation for which the individual has received a final conviction.

(b)(1) For purposes of subsection (a), the term “final conviction” means a judicial finding of guilt or a plea of guilty.

(2) After a final conviction, the court shall forward a record of the conviction to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency after the time has elapsed to perfect an appeal.

(c) A final conviction is the only time when points may be assessed for an underlying traffic violation.
Ala. Code § 32-5-214 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-214
Section 32-5-214 Mirrors
Status: in_force

Every motor vehicle, operated singly or when towing any other vehicle, shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such motor vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-34 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-34
Section 32-7C-34 Penalties for Violations
Status: in_force

(a) The failure of a TNC to comply with this article or rule adopted pursuant to this article or a commission order issued pursuant to this article may result in the revocation of the TNC’s permit by the commission or the assessment of a civil penalty, or both, in accordance with procedures established by the commission. The civil penalty for TNCs may not exceed five hundred dollars ($500) for each violation for each day the TNC knew or should have known about the violation.

(b) The failure by a TNC driver to comply with this article or rule adopted pursuant to this article or a commission order issued pursuant to this article may result in the suspension of the TNC driver from operating on any TNC’s digital network or the assessment of a civil penalty, or both, in accordance with procedures established by the commission. The civil penalty for TNC drivers may not exceed one hundred dollars ($100) for each violation for each day the TNC driver knew or should have known about the violation.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-350.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-350.1
Section 32-5A-350.1 Operating a Motor Vehicle in a Distracted Manner; Violations; Exceptions
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) STAND-ALONE ELECTRONIC DEVICE. A device other than a wireless telecommunications device which stores audio or video data files to be retrieved on demand by a user.

(2) UTILITY SERVICES. Includes electric, natural gas, water, waste-water, cable, telephone, or telecommunications services or the repair, location, relocation, improvement, or maintenance of utility poles, transmission structures, pipes, wires, fibers, cables, easements, rights of way, or associated infrastructure.

(3) WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS DEVICE. A cellular telephone, portable telephone, text-messaging device, personal digital assistant, stand-alone computer, global positioning system receiver, or substantially similar portable wireless device that is used to initiate or receive communication, information, or data. The term shall not include a radio, citizens band radio, citizens band radio hybrid, commercial two-way radio communication device or its functional equivalent, subscription-based emergency communication device, prescribed medical device, amateur or ham radio device, or in-vehicle security, navigation, safety, or remote diagnostics system.

(b) An individual shall exercise due care in operating a motor vehicle on the highways of this state and shall not engage in any actions prohibited by law which shall distract the individual from the safe operation of the vehicle.

(c) An individual operates a vehicle in a distracted manner in violation of this section if the individual is observed crossing in and out of a traffic lane without using a turn signal, swerving, or otherwise operating the vehicle in an impaired manner while doing any of the following:

(1) Physically holding a wireless telecommunications device.

(2) Physically holding or supporting, with any part of his or her body, a stand-alone electronic device.

(3) Writing, sending, or reading any text-based communication, including but not limited to a text message, instant message, e-mail, or Internet data on a wireless telecommunications device or stand-alone electronic device; provided, however, that such prohibition shall not apply to either of the following:

a. A voice-based communication that is automatically converted by the device to be sent as a message in a written form.

b. The use of the device for navigation of the vehicle or for global positioning system purposes.

(4) Watching a video or movie on a wireless telecommunications device or stand-alone electronic device other than watching data related to the navigation of the vehicle.

(5) Recording or broadcasting a video on a wireless telecommunications device or stand-alone electronic device; provided that the prohibition shall not apply to electronic devices used for the sole purpose of continuously recording or broadcasting video within or outside of the motor vehicle.

(6) Using more than a single button or swipe of a finger on a wireless telecommunications device to initiate or terminate a voice-communication.

(7) Reaching for a wireless telecommunications device or stand-alone electronic device in such a manner that requires the driver to no longer be in a seated driving position properly restrained by a safety belt.

(d) Each violation of this section shall constitute a separate offense.

(e)(1) Except as provided for in subdivision (2), any person convicted of violating this section shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor which shall be punished as follows:

a. For a first conviction to a charge of violating this section within the previous 24-month period of time, as measured from the dates any previous convictions were obtained to the date the current conviction is obtained, a fine of not more than fifty dollars ($50).

b. For a second conviction within the previous 24-month period of time, as measured from the dates of any previous convictions were obtained to the date of the current conviction is obtained, a fine of not more than one hundred dollars ($100).

c. For a third or subsequent conviction within the previous 24-month period of time, as measured from the dates of any previous convictions were obtained to the date of the current conviction is obtained, a fine of not more than one hundred fifty dollars ($150).

(2) Any individual appearing before a court for a first charge of violating subdivision (c)(1) who produces in court a device or proof of purchase of a device that would allow the individual to comply with the subdivision in the future shall not be guilty of the offense. The court shall require the individual to affirm that they have not previously utilized the privilege under this subdivision.

(3) No court costs may be assessed for a violation of this section.

(f) An individual may not be placed under custodial arrest solely for a violation of this section.

(g) This section does not apply when the prohibited conduct occurred under any of the following conditions:

(1) Using a wireless telecommunications device to obtain emergency services, including, but not limited to, an emergency call to a law enforcement agency, healthcare provider, fire department, or other emergency services agency or entity.

(2) Using a wireless telecommunications device while the motor vehicle is parked on the shoulder of the highway, road, or street.

(3) Using a wireless telecommunications device as a global positioning or navigation system to receive driving directions; provided, however, the manual input of navigation coordinates while operating a motor vehicle is a violation of this article.

(4) Using an earpiece, a headphone device, steering wheel controls, speaker phone or any voice-activated technology, or other device worn on the person or mounted onto the dashboard, center console, windshield, or other part of the vehicle to conduct substantially hands-free voice-based wireless communications.

(5) Using a continuous recording device that operates within or outside the vehicle, including, but not limited to, a dash camera or backup camera.

(6) Using a wireless telecommunications device by an employee or contractor of a utility services provider within the scope of his or her employment while responding to a utility emergency or performing other critical utility services.

(7) Using a wireless telecommunications device by a law enforcement officer, emergency medical services personnel, ambulance operator, firefighter, volunteer firefighter, or other similarly employed public safety first responder during the performance of his or her official duties.

(8) Using an ignition interlock device, as defined in Section 32-5A-191.4.

(9) For an individual 18 years of age or older, using a wireless telecommunications device in a manner that requires the physical use of the individual’s hand while operating a motor vehicle if both of the following occur:

a. The device is mounted to the vehicle, including the windshield, dashboard, or center console of the vehicle, and the device does not create an unsafe obstruction of the individual’s view of the road.

b. The individual’s hand is used to activate or deactivate a feature or function of the device with the motion of one swipe or tap of the individual’s finger, and the swipe or tap does not activate the camera, video, or gaming features or functions for viewing, recording, amusement, or other non-navigational functions, other than functions or features related to the transportation of individuals or property for compensation or payment of a fee.

(10) Using a wireless telecommunications device by a licensed physician while responding to an emergency medical situation.

(h) Beginning on June 14, 2023, and continuing for 12 months thereafter, for any violation of this section, a law enforcement officer may only issue a written warning. No points shall be entered on the driving record of any individual who receives a warning under this subsection.
Ala. Code § 32-5-92 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-92
Section 32-5-92 Special Speed Limitations on Bridges
Status: in_force

(a) The Department of Transportation or other proper state body upon request from any local authorities shall, or upon its own initiative may, conduct an investigation of any public bridge, causeway or viaduct, and if it shall thereupon find that such structure cannot with safety to itself withstand vehicles traveling at the speed otherwise permissible under this article, the department shall determine and declare the maximum speed of vehicles which such structure can withstand, and shall cause or permit suitable signs stating such maximum speed to be erected and maintained at a distance of 100 feet before each end of such structure. When such public bridge, causeway or viaduct is within a municipality, such suitable signs stating such maximum speed shall be erected within such less distance of 100 feet before each end of such structure as the governing body of such municipality shall so ordain. The findings and determination of the department shall be conclusive evidence of the maximum speed which can with safety to any such structure be maintained thereon.

(b) It shall be unlawful and constitute a misdemeanor to drive any vehicle upon any public bridge, causeway or viaduct at a speed which is greater than the maximum speed which can with safety to such structure be maintained thereon, when such structure is signposted as provided in this section, and any person violating the provisions of this section upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not more than $100.00 or by imprisonment in the county or municipal jail for not more than 10 days; for a second such conviction within one year thereafter such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than $200.00 or by imprisonment in the county or municipal jail for not more than 20 days or by both such fine and imprisonment; upon a third or subsequent conviction within one year after the first conviction such person shall be punished by fine of not more than $500.00 or by imprisonment at hard labor in the county or municipal jail for not more than six months or by both such fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 32-7-24 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-24
Section 32-7-24 Notice of Cancellation or Termination of Certified Policy
Status: in_force

(a) When an insurance carrier has certified a motor vehicle liability policy under Section 32-7-20 or a policy under Section 32-7-21, the insurance so certified shall not be cancelled or terminated until at least 10 days after a notice of cancellation or termination of the insurance so certified shall be filed in the office of the director; except, that such a policy subsequently procured and certified shall, on the effective date of its certification, terminate the insurance previously certified with respect to any motor vehicle designated in both certificates.

(b) When the director has verified evidence of a motor vehicle liability policy using the online insurance verification system under subsection (b) of Section 32-7-20, the director shall continue to verify evidence of a motor vehicle liability policy using the online insurance verification system under subsection (b) of Section 32-7-20 for the applicable period.
Ala. Code § 32-20-10 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-10
Section 32-20-10 Violations - Alterations, Forgeries, Etc
Status: in_force

A person is guilty of a Class C felony who, with fraudulent intent does any of the following:

(1) Alters, forges, or counterfeits a certificate of title.

(2) Alters or forges an assignment of a certificate of title, or an assignment or release of a security interest, on a certificate of title or a form the department prescribes.

(3) Has possession of or uses a certificate of title, knowing it has been altered, forged, or counterfeited.

(4) Uses a false or fictitious name or address, or makes a material false statement, or fails to disclose a security interest, or conceals any other material fact, in an application for a certificate of title.
Ala. Code § 32-6-531 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-531
Section 32-6-531 Distribution of Proceeds
Status: in_force

The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the distinctive plates, less administrative costs including the costs of production incurred by the Department of Corrections in producing the plates, shall be distributed by each judge of probate or license commissioner to the state Comptroller. Thereafter, the state Comptroller shall distribute the proceeds collected from the sale of the 4-H Club Foundation distinctive plates to the 4-H Club Foundation.
Ala. Code § 32-6-45 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-45
Section 32-6-45 Immunity from Civil Liability
Status: in_force

No civil or criminal action may be brought against the board, any of its members, the director or director’s office or its employees, or any physician licensed to practice in this state, for providing any reports, records, examinations, opinions, or recommendations pursuant to the division. In addition, any other person acting in good faith and without negligence or malicious intent in making a report to the director’s office pursuant to this division shall have the immunity from civil liability that might otherwise be incurred or imposed.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-6
Section 32-7A-6 Evidence of Insurance; Insurance Card
Status: in_force

(a) Every operator of a motor vehicle subject to the provisions of Section 32-7A-4 shall carry within the vehicle evidence of insurance. The evidence shall be legible and sufficient to demonstrate that the motor vehicle currently is covered by an Alabama liability insurance policy or an Alabama commercial automobile liability insurance policy as required under Section 32-7A-4, or, if the motor vehicle is registered in another state, evidence of insurance which conforms to the requirements of the laws of the state in which the vehicle is registered. The evidence may include, but is not limited to, the following:

(1) An insurance card, or temporary insurance card, provided by the insurer or an authorized representative under this section.

(2) The combination of proof of purchase of the motor vehicle within the previous 20 calendar days and a current and valid insurance card issued for the motor vehicle replaced by the purchase.

(3) The current declarations page of an Alabama liability insurance policy.

(4) An Alabama liability insurance binder, or legible copy thereof, Alabama certificate of liability insurance, or legible copy thereof; provided the document contains all information required in this chapter.

(5) A current motor vehicle rental agreement for the vehicle, which specifies insurance coverage by the rental company or the operator in the minimum amounts, provided in Section 32-7-6(c).

(b) The insurer issuing the Alabama liability insurance policy or the Alabama commercial automobile liability insurance policy shall provide an Alabama insurance card for each motor vehicle insured which shall contain the following information:

(1) The vehicle year model.

(2) The vehicle make.

(3) The vehicle identification number (VIN).

(4) The name of the insured(s).

(5) The name of the insurance company.

(6) The Alabama policy number - not required on temporary insurance card.

(7) The effective date and expiration date, which shall cover a period of time not to exceed 12 months.

(8) Insurance company’s NAIC number.

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the insurance card is issued for a commercial automobile liability insurance policy, the card may state “FLEET,” “COMMERCIAL,” “COMMERCIAL POLICY,” or “COMMERCIAL EXEMPT” in lieu of vehicle years, makes, and VINs if vehicle years, makes, and VINs are not captured by the insurer. If the vehicle years, makes, and VINs are captured by the insurer, then the insurer may provide such information on the insurance card, but must state “FLEET,” “COMMERCIAL,” “COMMERCIAL POLICY,” or “COMMERCIAL EXEMPT” on the insurance card. If the insurance card is issued for a nonowner policy, the card may state “NONOWNER POLICY” in lieu of the vehicle year, make, and VIN.

(d) All required information shall appear on the front of the card. The insurance card may include other information at the discretion of the insurer. Insurance companies may allow authorized representatives to issue temporary insurance cards to satisfy the requirements of this chapter. Temporary insurance cards are not required to have the policy number but shall contain all other required information.

(e) No insurer shall issue a card, similar in appearance, form, and content to the insurance card required under this section, in connection with an Alabama insurance policy that does not provide the liability insurance coverage required under Section 32-7A-4.

(f) Insurance binders, certificates of liability insurance, and other evidence of insurance as required under this section, must meet the following requirements, except where noted:

(1) Insurance company name.

(2) Alabama Policy number - not required on a binder or temporary insurance card.

(3) Effective date.

(4) Expiration date.

(5) Name of insured(s).

(6) Vehicle year model - not required if issued for a commercial automobile liability insurance policy or for a nonowner policy.

(7) Vehicle make - not required if issued for a commercial automobile liability insurance policy or for a nonowner policy.

(8) Vehicle identification number - not required if issued for a commercial automobile liability insurance policy or for a nonowner policy.

(9) Signature of authorized representative.

(g) The combination proof of purchase of a motor vehicle, as provided in subsection (a), shall consist of a legible copy of the legal bill of sale if the motor vehicle is not subject to the provisions of the Alabama Uniform Certificate of Title and Antitheft Act, or the owner’s copy of the application for certificate of title for a motor vehicle subject to the provisions of the Alabama Uniform Certificate of Title and Antitheft Act, or an Alabama certificate of title issued in the name of the vehicle owner or operator.

(h) The evidence of insurance shall be presented upon request made by any law enforcement officer wearing a uniform or presenting a badge, or both, or other sign of authority. Any person who fails or refuses to comply with such request is in violation of Section 32-7A-16 unless evidence of motor vehicle liability insurance or other evidence of financial responsibility as provided in this chapter is verified through the online insurance verification system. Any person who presents evidence of insurance, knowing there is no valid liability insurance in effect on the motor vehicle as required under Section 32-7A-4 or knowing the evidence of insurance is illegally altered, counterfeit, or otherwise invalid, is in violation of Section 32-7A-16.

(i) The evidence of insurance may be provided in either a tangible format or in an electronic format. Acceptable electronic formats include the display of electronic images on a cellular phone or other electronic device.

(j) The use of a cellular phone or other electronic device to display evidence of insurance does not constitute consent for law enforcement or other governmental employees to access any other content on the electronic device. Any law enforcement officer or other governmental employee presented with an electronic device pursuant to this section shall be subject to Section 36-1-12 for damages to the electronic device resulting from acts taken when viewing the device pursuant to this section.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.4
Section 32-6-49.4 Limitation on Number of Driver Licenses
Status: in_force

No person who drives a commercial motor vehicle may have more than one driver license.
Ala. Code § 32-6-72 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-72
Section 32-6-72 List to Be Furnished to Sheriff
Status: in_force

The State Department of Revenue shall, on or before the first day of January of each year, furnish to the sheriff of each county of the State of Alabama an alphabetically arranged list of the names, addresses, and license tag letters of each person to whom a license tag is issued under the provisions of this division, and it shall be the duty of the sheriffs of the state to maintain and to keep current such lists for public information and inquiry.
Ala. Code § 32-5-9 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-9
Section 32-5-9 Liability for Damage to Highway or Structure
Status: in_force

(a) Any person driving any vehicle, object, or contrivance upon any highway or highway structure shall be liable for all damage which the highway or structure may sustain as a result of any illegal or careless operation, driving or moving of such vehicle, object, or contrivance, or as a result of operating, driving, or moving any vehicle, object, or contrivance weighing in excess of the maximum weight prescribed by law but authorized by a special permit issued as provided in Section 32-9-29.

(b) Whenever such driver is not the owner of such vehicle, object, or contrivance, but is so operating, driving, or moving the same with the express or implied permission of the owner, then the owner and driver shall be jointly and severally liable for any such damage.

(c) Such damage may be recovered in a civil action brought by the authorities in control of such highway or highway structures.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-58.3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-58.3
Section 32-5A-58.3 Yielding Right-of-Way to Vehicles and Pedestrian Workers Engaged in Collection of Garbage, Trash, Refuse, or Recycling Materials
Status: in_force

(a) The driver of a motor vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian worker engaged in the collection of garbage, trash, refuse, or recycling materials along a roadway whenever the driver is reasonably notified of the presence of the worker by the presence of a garbage, trash, refuse, or recycling collection vehicle or by a warning sign or device.

(b) The driver of a motor vehicle on a public highway shall yield the right-of-way to a garbage, trash, refuse, or recycling collection vehicle that is stopped along a roadside or traveling in the same direction and which is engaged in the collection of garbage, trash, refuse, or recycling materials along a roadway or which has signaled and is reentering the traffic flow.

(c) This section does not relieve the driver of a garbage, trash, refuse, or recycling collection vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons using the highway.

(d) A person who violates this section shall be guilty of a traffic violation, punishable by a fine up to fifty dollars ($50).
Ala. Code § 32-5A-90 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-90
Section 32-5A-90 Driving on Divided Highways
Status: in_force

Whenever any highway has been divided into two or more roadways by leaving an intervening space or by a physical barrier or clearly indicated dividing section so construed as to impede vehicular traffic, every vehicle shall be driven only upon the right-hand roadway unless directed or permitted to use another roadway by official traffic-control devices or police officers. No vehicle shall be driven over, across, or within any such dividing space, barrier or section, except through an opening in such physical barrier or dividing section or space or at a cross-over or intersection as established, unless specifically prohibited by public authority.
Ala. Code § 32-9-26 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-26
Section 32-9-26 Exemptions - Two to Eight Wheel, One to Four-Axle Trailer - Transporting Agricultural Commodities, Etc
Status: in_force

Any provision of any other law or the provision of any administrative rule, regulation, or order to the contrary notwithstanding, it shall be lawful for any farmer, custom picker, or husbandman to operate a two to eight-wheel, one to four-axle trailer on the highways of this state if the trailer is being used exclusively for the purpose of transporting to and from a farm agricultural commodities or products and for agricultural purposes relating to the operation and maintenance of a farm; provided, that the combined weight of the trailer and its load is not in excess of 36,000 pounds, nor more than 10,000 pounds per axle, whichever is less.
Ala. Code § 32-7-35 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-35
Section 32-7-35 Alabama Automobile Insurance Plan; Issuance of Motor Vehicle Liability Policies; Appeals; Reporting; Rulemaking Authority
Status: in_force

(a) After consultation with insurance companies authorized to issue motor vehicle liability policies in this state, the Commissioner of Insurance shall approve a reasonable plan, to be known as the Alabama Automobile Insurance Plan, for the equitable apportionment of costs among insurance companies for motor vehicle liability policy applicants for motor vehicle liability policies who are unable to procure such policies through ordinary methods. The Alabama Automobile Insurance Plan shall be administered in accordance with the plan by a governing committee, consisting of members approved by the commissioner. Once the commissioner approves the plan, all insurance companies authorized to issue motor vehicle liability policies in this state shall subscribe to the plan.

(b) The governing committee may authorize one or more service providers to issue motor vehicle liability policies in the name of the Alabama Automobile Insurance Plan and provide policyholder and claims services. Any policy issued pursuant to this section shall be recognized as if issued by an insurance company authorized to issue insurance in this state. The policy shall be considered as proof of financial responsibility or insurance pursuant to Chapter 7 and Chapter 7A or any other applicable requirement of state law.

(c) Any applicant for, or any person insured by a policy provided under the Alabama Automobile Insurance Plan, and any insurance company affected by the administration of the plan may appeal to the commissioner from any ruling or decision of the governing committee. Any person aggrieved hereunder by any order or act of the commissioner, within 10 days after notice thereof, may file a petition in the Circuit Court of Montgomery County, Alabama, for a review thereof. The court shall summarily hear the petition and may enter any appropriate order or judgment.

(d) This section shall not revoke any exception granted to the automobile assigned risk plan under any other provision of this code.

(e) Annually, the governing committee shall file an audited financial report with the commissioner.

(f) The commissioner may establish regulations required to implement the purposes of this section.
Ala. Code § 32-6-253.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-253.1
Section 32-6-253.1 Removable Windshield Placard; Unauthorized Use of Parking Places
Status: reserved

(a) Any person who submits to the Department of Veterans Affairs an application which includes satisfactory proof that he or she meets the military service and award requirements to be issued a license plate authorized by Section 32-6-250, shall be issued a removable windshield placard displaying the appropriate military honor or veteran status. The application shall be on a form approved by the Department of Veterans Affairs. There shall be no fee for the removable windshield placard.

(b) The removable windshield placard shall be prepared by the Department of Veterans Affairs in cooperation with the Department of Revenue.

(c) The removable windshield placard shall be designed to hang from the front windshield rearview mirror when the vehicle is parked in a parking space reserved for persons with the corresponding military honor or veteran status. If the vehicle lacks a rearview mirror, the placard shall be placed on the dashboard.

(d) The Commissioner of the Department of Veterans Affairs may adopt rules necessary to implement and administer this section.

(e) It shall be unlawful for any person to park a motor vehicle in a parking place at any place of public accommodation that is designated for an individual who has received a specific military honor or for an individual with a specific veteran status who does not have the corresponding distinctive license plate as provided in Section 32-6-250, or the corresponding removable windshield placard as provided in this section.

(f) A violation of this section results in a fine of twenty-five dollars ($25) for a first offense, fifty dollars ($50) for a second offense, and one hundred dollars ($100) for a third or subsequent offense.

(g) It shall be an affirmative defense to a prosecution under this section if the defendant is in fact a recipient of the military honor or has the veteran status that was designated at the parking place at which the alleged violation occurred.

(h) Any authorized municipal, county, or state law enforcement officer may enter upon private property to enforce this section.

(i) This section may be enforced by any law enforcement officer who has successfully complied with the minimum standards for police officers as set forth in Section 36-21-46, including, but not limited to, municipal law enforcement officers, sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, and Alabama State Troopers.

(j)(1) If the law enforcement officer who issues the parking violation under this section is employed by a local law enforcement agency, 50 percent of the fine collected under this section shall be paid to the municipal or county general fund for the use of the law enforcement agency by which the arresting officer is employed. The remainder shall be remitted to the State Treasury, to be deposited in a separate fund, to be distributed as follows:

a. Fifty percent to the Administrative Office of Courts.

b. Fifty percent to the Department of Veterans Affairs.

(2) If the law enforcement officer who issues the parking violation is employed by a state law enforcement agency, the fine collected under this section shall be remitted to the State Treasury, to be deposited in a separate fund and distributed as follows:

a. Fifty percent to the law enforcement agency of the arresting officer.

b. Twenty-five percent to the Administrative Office of Courts.

c. Twenty-five percent to the Department of Veterans Affairs.

(3) All funds remitted to the State Treasury and deposited into a separate fund under this subsection shall be budgeted and allotted in accordance with Sections 41-4-80 through 41-4-96 and Sections 41-19-1 through 41-19-12.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-50 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-50
Section 32-5A-50 Unattended Motor Vehicle
Status: in_force

No person driving or in charge of a motor vehicle shall permit it to stand unattended without first stopping the engine, locking the ignition, removing the key from the ignition, effectively setting the brake thereon and, when standing upon any grade, turning the front wheels to the curb or side of the highway.
Ala. Code § 32-15A-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15A / Section 32-15A-1
Section 32-15A-1
Status: in_force

This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the Peer-to-Peer Car Sharing Program Act.