Ala. Code § 32-2-120 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-120
Section 32-2-120 Creation of System; Activation of Alert; Powers and Duties; Boundaries of Alert Area; Termination of Alert; Liability
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(1) ALERT SYSTEM. The Blue Alert system.

(2) DEPARTMENT. The Department of Public Safety.

(3) DIRECTOR. The Director of the Department of Public Safety.

(4) LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY. A law enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the search for a suspect in a case involving the death or serious injury of a peace officer or an agency employing a peace officer who is missing in the line of duty.

(5) PEACE OFFICER. A person who is certified to exercise the power of arrest under the laws of this state.

(b) There is established a statewide alert system known as Blue Alert which shall be developed and implemented by the director, who is the statewide coordinator of the alert system.

(c) The alert system may be activated under either of the following circumstances:

(1) When a suspect of a crime involving the death or serious injury of a peace officer has not been apprehended and law enforcement personnel have determined that the suspect may be a serious threat to the public.

(2) When a peace officer becomes missing while in the line of duty under circumstances warranting concern for the safety of the peace officer.

(d) The director shall do all of the following:

(1) Adopt rules necessary to ensure the proper implementation of the alert system, including instructions on the procedures for activating and deactivating the alert system.

(2) Prescribe forms for use by local law enforcement agencies in requesting activation of the alert system.

(e) The department may do any of the following:

(1) Recruit public and commercial television, radio, cable, print, and other media, private commercial entities, state or local governmental entities, the public, and other appropriate persons to assist in developing and implementing the alert system.

(2) Enter into agreements with participants in the alert system to provide necessary support for the alert system.

(f) A law enforcement agency participating in the alert system shall do all of the following:

(1) Cooperate with the department and assist in developing and implementing the alert system.

(2) Establish a plan for providing relevant information to its officers, investigators, or employees, as appropriate, once the alert system has been activated.

(3) Utilize a rapid response telephone system that alerts residents in a targeted area.

(g) Upon notification by a law enforcement agency that a suspect in a case involving death or serious injury of a peace officer has not been apprehended and may be a serious threat to the public, the director shall activate the alert system and notify the appropriate participants in the alert system, as established by rule, if all of the following conditions are met:

(1) A law enforcement agency believes that a suspect has not been apprehended.

(2) A law enforcement agency believes that the suspect may be a serious threat to the public.

(3) Sufficient information is available to disseminate to the public that could assist in locating the suspect.

(h) Upon notification by a law enforcement agency that a peace officer is missing while in the line of duty under circumstances warranting concern for the safety of the peace officer, the director shall activate the alert system and notify the appropriate participants in the alert system, as established by rule, if sufficient information is available to disseminate to the public that could assist in locating the missing peace officer.

(i) The area of the alert may be less than statewide if the director determines that the nature of the event makes it probable that the suspect did not leave a certain geographic location.

(j) Before requesting activation of the alert system, a law enforcement agency shall verify that the criteria described under subsections (g) or (h) have been satisfied. The law enforcement agency shall assess the appropriate boundaries of the alert based on the nature of the suspect and the circumstances surrounding the crime or the last known location of the missing police officer.

(k) The director shall terminate any activation of the alert system with respect to a particular incident if either of the following circumstances occur:

(1) The suspect or peace officer is located or the incident is otherwise resolved.

(2) The director determines that the alert system is no longer an effective tool for locating the suspect or peace officer.

(l) A law enforcement agency shall notify the director immediately when the suspect is located and in custody or when the peace officer is found.

(m) An entity or individual involved in the dissemination of an alert generated through the alert system pursuant to this section shall not be liable for any civil damages arising from such dissemination absent unreasonable, wanton, willful, or intentional conduct.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-183 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-183
Section 32-5A-183 Maintenance of Signs
Status: in_force

(a) Signs on a reduced speed school zone located on a county-maintained road shall be placed and maintained by the county commission.

(b) Signs on a reduced speed school zone located on a municipality-maintained road shall be placed and maintained by the municipality.

(c) Signs on a reduced speed school zone located on a state-maintained road or highway within a county shall be placed and maintained by the State Department of Transportation.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-18 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-18
Section 32-7A-18 Limitations of Verification Procedures
Status: in_force

No verification procedure established under this chapter shall include individual inspections of vehicles on the public streets or highways solely for the purpose of verifying the existence of a valid liability insurance policy or a commercial automobile liability insurance policy. No law enforcement officer shall stop a vehicle solely for the purpose of verifying the existence of a valid insurance policy.
Ala. Code § 32-6-192 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-192
Section 32-6-192 Issuance of Distinctive License Tags to Members
Status: in_force

(a) A member of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America who is the owner of a motor vehicle and a resident of the state may be issued a distinctive license tag or plate bearing the words “The Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine” across the top portion of the tag or plate and bearing its logo between the county identification number and the actual license number. The member shall make application to the judge of probate or license commissioner, comply with the motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, pay the regular fees required by law for license tags or plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and pay an additional fee of twenty-five dollars ($25).

(b) The tags or plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive and personalized tags and plates provided for in Chapter 6 of this title. The tags or plates shall be valid for five years and may be replaced with either a conventional, personalized, or new “Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine” tags or plates. Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new tag or plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-306 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-306
Section 32-5A-306 Administrative Review
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who has received a notice of suspension or a notice of intended suspension under this article may request an administrative review. The request may be accompanied by a sworn statement or statements and any other relevant evidence which the person wants the Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, or his or her agent, to consider in reviewing the determination made pursuant to Sections 32-5A-300 and 32-5A-302.

(b) When a request for an administrative review is made, the secretary, or his or her agent, shall review the determination made pursuant to Sections 32-5A-300 and 32-5A-302. In the review, the secretary, or his or her agent, shall give consideration to any relevant sworn statement or other evidence accompanying the request for the review, and to the sworn statement of the law enforcement officer required by Section 32-5A-301. If the secretary, or his or her agent, determines, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the person drove or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle with 0.08 percent or more by weight of alcohol in the blood, or the person refused the test, the secretary, or his or her agent, shall sustain the order of suspension or suspend the driver’s license or driving privilege of the person if no order of suspension has been issued. If the evidence does not support such a determination, the secretary, or his or her agent, shall rescind the order of suspension or take no suspension action if an order of suspension has not been issued. The determination by the secretary, or his or her agent, upon administrative review is final unless a hearing is requested under Section 32-5A-307.

(c) The secretary, or his or her agent, shall make a determination upon administrative review prior to the effective date of the suspension order if the request for review is received by the agency within 10 days following service of the notice of intended suspension. Where the request for administrative review is received by the agency more than 10 days following service of the notice of intended suspension, the secretary, or his or her agent, shall make the determination within 30 days following the receipt of the request for review.

(d) A request for administrative review shall not stay the driving privilege suspension or revocation. If the secretary, or his or her agent, is unable to make a determination within the time limits specified in subsection (c), the secretary or agent shall stay the suspension pending the determination.

(e) The request for administrative review shall be in writing and may be made by mail or in person to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, Driver License Division, Montgomery, Alabama. A person may request an administrative review at any time within 90 days of the notice of suspension under Section 32-5A-302 or the notice of intended suspension under Section 32-5A-303.

(f) A person may request and be granted a hearing under Section 32-5A-307 without first requesting administrative review under this section. An administrative review is not available after a hearing is held.
Ala. Code § 32-15-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15 / Section 32-15-2
Section 32-15-2 Renting to Intoxicated Person
Status: in_force

Whoever rents a motor vehicle to any person to operate upon any public highway or street, knowing that such person is in an intoxicated condition or under the influence of drugs, shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not less than 30 days nor more than 12 months, or shall be fined not less than $25.00 nor more than $100.00, or shall be both fined and imprisoned.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-8 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-8
Section 32-5A-8 Violations as Misdemeanor; Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) It is a misdemeanor for any person to violate any of the provisions of this chapter or of Title 32, unless such violation is by this chapter or other law of this state declared to be a felony.

(b) Every person convicted of a misdemeanor for a violation of any of the provisions of this chapter for which another penalty is not provided, shall for a first conviction thereof be punished by a fine of not more than $100.00 or by imprisonment for not more than 10 days; for conviction of a second offense committed within one year after the date of the first offense, such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than $200.00 or by imprisonment for not more than 30 days or by both such fine and imprisonment; for conviction of a third or subsequent offense committed within one year after the date of the first offense, such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than $500.00 or by imprisonment for not more than three months or by both such fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-191.2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-191.2
Section 32-5A-191.2 Administration and Disposition of Funds in Alabama Head and Spinal Cord Injury Trust Fund
Status: in_force

(a) Beginning October 1, 1994, moneys in the Alabama Head and Spinal Cord Injury Trust Fund shall be distributed to the Division of Rehabilitation Services in the State Department of Education for the following purposes:

(1) As a payer of last resort for the costs of care provided in this state for citizens of this state who have survived neuro-trauma with head or spinal cord injuries. Expenditures for spinal cord injury and head injury care shall be made by the Division of Rehabilitation Services according to criteria established by the Alabama Head and Spinal Cord Injury Trust Fund Advisory Board. Expenditures may include but need not be limited to, post acute medical care, rehabilitation therapies, medication, attendant care, home accessibility modification, and equipment necessary for activities of daily living.

(2) Public information, prevention education, and research coordinated by the Alabama Head Injury Foundation.

(b) The Division of Rehabilitation Services shall issue a report to the Legislature on the first day of the regular session of each year, summarizing the activities supported by the moneys from the additional fines levied in this section and Section 32-5A-191.1.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-330 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-330
Section 32-5A-330 Definitions; Applicability; Violations
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the following terms are defined:

(1) OPEN CONTAINER. A container which is other than in the manufacturer’s sealed condition.

(2) PUBLIC HIGHWAY or RIGHT-OF-WAY OF A PUBLIC HIGHWAY. The entire width between and immediately adjacent to the boundary lines of any public road, street, highway, interstate, or other publicly maintained way when any part is open to the use of the public for purposes of motor vehicle travel.

(b) It is unlawful for a person to have in his or her possession alcoholic beverages in an open container in the passenger area of a motor vehicle of any kind on a public highway or right-of-way of a public highway of this state.

(c) This section shall not apply to:

(1) A passenger of a motor vehicle designed, maintained, or primarily used for the transportation of persons for compensation and the driver holds a valid commercial driver’s license.

(2) A passenger of a bus for which the driver holds a valid commercial driver’s license.

(3) A passenger of a motorized or non-motorized self-contained camper, motor home, house coach, or house trailer.

(4) A motor vehicle trunk, storage, or luggage compartment or a truck bed, storage, or cargo compartment.

(5) A locked case placed in an area that is not readily accessible behind the front seat of a pickup truck which has no trunk or separate enclosed area other than the cab of the truck.

(6) A driver who does not have knowledge of and cannot access alcoholic beverages in an open container in the passenger area of the vehicle.

(7) A motor vehicle which is parked or idle and does not have the engine running. This does not apply to the right-of-way of a public highway.

(d) This section shall not be construed to prohibit the transporting of alcoholic beverages in closed containers.

(e) A person who violates the provisions of this section is guilty of a Class C misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than twenty-five dollars ($25), and court costs shall not be assessed.

(f) The penalties provided for violation of this section shall not constitute a moving violation and shall not have any effect on the driver’s license points.
Ala. Code § 32-6-57 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-57
Section 32-6-57 Manufacturing Specifications for License Tags or Plates
Status: in_force

(a) Effective January 1, 1987, every license tag or plate issued under the provisions of this section and Sections 40-12-273, 40-12-274 shall be manufactured in such a manner as to meet the minimum federal performance standards as set out in Table I of the Society of Automotive Engineers Standard J594e, “Reflex Reflectors,” of Federal Standard 108.

(b) The State Revenue Department shall implement the provisions of this section and Sections 40-12-273, 40-12-274 and, for such purpose, is authorized to promulgate rules and regulations and to adopt plans for such tags or plates, and all decals, slogans, stickers, symbols, characters, and other attachments, all of which shall be supplied by the Department of Corrections.
Ala. Code § 32-17A-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 17A / Section 32-17A-1
Section 32-17A-1 Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter, the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings respectively ascribed to them, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

(1) AFTERMARKET CRASH PART. A replacement for any of the nonmechanical sheet metal or plastic parts which generally constitute the exterior of a motor vehicle, including inner and outer panels.

(2) INSTALLER. An individual who performs the work of replacing or repairing parts of a motor vehicle.

(3) INSURER. Includes an insurance company and any person authorized to represent the insurer with respect to a claim and who is acting within the scope of the person’s authority.

(4) NONORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER AFTERMARKET CRASH PART. An aftermarket crash part made by any manufacturer other than the original vehicle manufacturer or his or her supplier.

(5) REPAIR FACILITY. A motor vehicle dealer, garage, body shop, or other commercial entity which undertakes the repair or replacement of those parts that generally constitute the exterior of a motor vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-6-230 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-230
Section 32-6-230 Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this division, the following terms shall have the following meanings as provided in this section:

(1) INDIVIDUAL WITH A LONG-TERM DISABILITY. Any person with a long-term disability which limits or impairs the ability of the person to walk, and the person meets any one of the following conditions, as determined by a licensed physician:

a. The person cannot walk 200 feet without stopping to rest.

b. The person cannot walk without the use of, or assistance from, a brace, cane, crutch, another person, prosthetic device, wheelchair, or other assistive device.

c. The person is restricted by lung disease to such an extent that the person’s forced respiratory expiratory volume for one second, when measured by spirometry, is less than one liter, or the arterial oxygen tension is less than 60 mm/hg, millimeters of mercury, on room air at rest.

d. The person uses portable oxygen.

e. The person has a cardiac condition to the extent that the functional limitation of the person is classified in severity as Class III or Class IV according to standards set by the American Heart Association.

f. The person is severely limited in his or her ability to walk due to an arthritic, neurological, or orthopedic condition.

(2) INDIVIDUAL WITH A TEMPORARY DISABILITY. Any person having a temporary, for a period up to six months, disability, as determined by a licensed physician, which limits or impairs the ability to walk as specified in subdivision (1).

(3) LICENSED PHYSICIAN. A doctor of medicine or a doctor of osteopathy licensed to practice medicine or a person employed by the U. S. government as a doctor of medicine or doctor of osteopathy to practice medicine.
Ala. Code § 32-9-29 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-29
Section 32-9-29 Permits for Movement of Oversized Vehicles or Loads
Status: in_force

(a) Authorized; application; issuance; seasonal, etc., limitations; refusal, revocation, or cancellation.

(1) The Director of the Department of Transportation or the official of the department designated by the director, upon application and for good cause being shown therefor, may issue a permit in writing authorizing the applicant to operate or move upon the state’s public roads a vehicle or combination of no more than two vehicles and loads whose weight, width, length, or height, or combination thereof, exceeds the maximum limit specified by law; provided, that the load transported by such vehicle or vehicles is of such nature that it is a unit which cannot be readily dismantled or separated; provided, however, that bulldozers and similar construction equipment shall not be deemed readily separable for purposes of this chapter; and further provided, that no permit shall be issued to any vehicle whose operation upon the public roads of this state threatens to unduly damage a road or any appurtenances thereto.

(2) Permits may be issued on application to the department to persons, firms, or corporations. The director shall adopt reasonable rules which are necessary or desirable governing the issuance of the permits; provided, that the rules shall not conflict with this title and other provisions of law.

(3) The original copy of every permit shall be carried in the vehicle itself and shall be open to inspection by any law enforcement officer or authorized agent of the department.

(4) The application for any permit shall specifically describe the type of permit applied for, as described in subsection (b), and the application for a single trip permit, in addition, shall describe the points of departure and destination.

(5) The director or the official of the department designated by the director may withhold such permit or, if such permit is issued, may establish seasonal or other time limitations within which the vehicles described may be operated on the public road indicated, or may otherwise limit or prescribe conditions of operation of such vehicle, when necessary to assure against undue damage to the road foundation, surfaces, or bridge structures, and require such undertaking or other security as may be deemed necessary to compensate the state for any injury to any roadway or bridge structure.

(6) For just cause, including, but not limited to, repeated and consistent past violations, the director or an official of the department designated by the director may refuse to issue, or may cancel, suspend, or revoke, the permit of an applicant or permittee.

(b) Duration and limits of permits; bond or insurance requirements.

(1)a. ANNUAL. The director or the official of the department designated by the director, pursuant to this section, may issue an annual permit which shall permit the vehicle or combination vehicle and load to be operated on the state highway system of this state for 12 months from the date the permit is issued, even though the vehicle or its load exceeds the maximum limits specified in this article; provided, that an annual permit shall not authorize the operation of a vehicle including all enforcement tolerances:

1. Whose total gross weight exceeds 150,000 pounds; provided, that gross weights over 100,000 pounds shall require advance routing by the department;

2. Whose single axle weight exceeds 22,000 pounds;

3. Whose total length exceeds 75 feet; with the exception of mobile homes, whose length limitations, including towing vehicle, shall be 85 feet;

4. Whose total width exceeds 120 inches or whose load width exceeds 144 inches; with the exception of mobile homes, whose width limitation shall be 168 inches; provided, that mobile homes whose width exceeds 144 inches shall require advance route approval by the department; or

5. Whose height exceeds 14 feet.

A permit to operate a vehicle which exceeds the statutory limits of height, weight, width, or length shall be issued only on condition of payment of an indemnity bond or proof of insurance protection for three hundred thousand dollars ($300,000.00) the bond or insurance protection conditioned for payment to the department to be held in trust for the benefit of the owners of bridges and appurtenances thereof, traffic signals, signs, or other highway structures damaged by a vehicle operating under authority of the overheight permit. The liability under the bond or insurance certificate shall be contingent upon proof of negligence or fault on the part of the permittee, his or her agents, or operators.

b. Notwithstanding paragraph a., the director, pursuant to this section, may issue an annual permit to operate a vehicle which exceeds the maximum limits otherwise provided in this article for rubber-tired equipment used solely in the scope and operation of mining refractory grade bauxite. The equipment may not exceed the limits of paragraph a., except that the permit may not authorize the operation of a vehicle, including enforcement tolerances, which exceeds 16 feet in width, exceeds 18 feet in height, or exceeds a single axle weight of 27,000 pounds. In addition, the permit may not authorize the operation of the vehicle on any bridge, over or under any overpass, or on an interstate highway. The fee for the annual permit shall be one hundred dollars ($100).

(2) SINGLE TRIP. The director may issue a single trip permit, pursuant to this section, to any vehicle.

(c) Fees. The director may adopt rules concerning the issuance of permits and charge a fee for the issuance as follows:

(1) ANNUAL. Charges for the issuance of annual permits shall be as follows:

a. For modular homes, sectional houses, portable buildings, boats, and any vehicle or combination of vehicles, one hundred dollars ($100.00); except, that a vehicle or combination of vehicles having trailer or combination of trailers with sidewalls or roof which has transported modular homes, sectional houses, and portable buildings, after depositing any load, may return unloaded to its point of origin, even though the unloaded vehicles exceed the 55-foot limitation provided for in this article, up to and including 12 feet wide and 75 feet long.

b. For heavy commodities or equipment, overweight, overlength, overheight, and overwidth, one hundred dollars ($100.00). A tractor and trailer (low boy type), after depositing a load referred to in this subparagraph, may return to its point of origin, even though the unloaded tractor and trailer (low boy type) may exceed the 55-foot limitation provided for in this article up to and including 12 feet wide and 75 feet long.

c. For mobile homes up to and including 14 feet wide and 85 feet long, including towing vehicle, one hundred dollars ($100.00).

(2) SINGLE TRIP. Charges for the issuance of single trip permits shall be as follows:

a. Mobile homes, modular homes, sectional houses, portable buildings, and boats:

1. Up to and including 12 feet wide and 75 feet long, ten dollars ($10.00).

2. Boats in excess of 12 feet wide, twenty dollars ($20.00).

3. Mobile homes, modular homes, sectional houses, and portable buildings in excess of 12 feet wide and/or 75 feet long, twenty dollars ($20.00).

b. Heavy commodities or equipment:

1. Over on any limitations as to length, height, or width, ten dollars ($10.00).

2. Over on weight, as follows: WEIGHT PERMITTED PERMIT FEE From 80,001 pounds up to 100,000 pounds $ 10.00 From 100,001 pounds up to 125,000 pounds 30.00 From 125,001 pounds up to 150,000 pounds 60.00 From 150,001 pounds and over 100.00

c. Miscellaneous:

1. Houses, twenty dollars ($20.00).

2. Off-the-road equipment, ten dollars ($10.00).

3. Other oversized vehicles, loads, and equipment not herein specified, twenty dollars ($20.00).

4. Other overheight loads not herein specified, ten dollars ($10.00).

(d) Certain vehicles on interstate highways. Under this section, 14 feet-wide vehicles and combination vehicles and load may be issued a permit to travel the interstate highways.

(e) The Director of the Department of Transportation, by rule, may establish limits for combinations of commercial wreckers and towed disabled or abandoned vehicles that exceed the maximum height, weight, or length limitations established by law. The director may establish a permitting method for commercial wreckers and may establish a fee for any permits that are issued. The director may authorize exceptions to any permit required under this subsection or may waive any permit required under this subsection under emergency, exigent, or other extraordinary conditions. Permits may not be issued to a person or entity that is currently prohibited from operating by a federal or state agency responsible for vehicle safety. The permit authorized by this subsection shall be in addition to any registration requirements as provided for in Chapter 6 of this title and Chapter 12 of Title 40.

(f) Violations of federal law, etc. No permit shall be issued under this section if the issuance of the permit would violate United States law or would cause the State of Alabama to lose federal-aid funds. Notwithstanding any provisions of any statute to the contrary, all permit fees collected in accordance with this section shall be paid to the Public Road and Bridge Fund in addition to any sums appropriated therefor to the department.

(g) Farm and agricultural commodities and equipment exempt. The term heavy commodities or equipment, as used in this section, is not intended to include farm and agricultural commodities or equipment, and such farm or agricultural commodities and equipment are exempt from the requirement of obtaining permits for movement on the state highway system of Alabama.
Ala. Code § 32-15A-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15A / Section 32-15A-7
Section 32-15A-7
Status: in_force

A peer-to-peer car sharing program and a shared vehicle owner shall be exempt from vicarious liability, consistent with 49 U.S.C. § 30106, under any state or local law that imposes liability solely based on vehicle ownership.
Ala. Code § 32-5-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-5
Section 32-5-5 Removal of Ramps, Platforms, and Obstructions
Status: in_force

It shall be the duty of the Director of Transportation to immediately remove or cause to be removed any ramp or platform extending upon the right-of-way of any public highway and to remove or cause to be removed immediately upon notice any obstruction found upon the roadway likely to endanger life, limb, or property and to remove or cause to be removed any obstruction found in the ditches or drains of any public highway, and he or she shall have the authority to proceed against any person guilty of violating any provision of Sections 32-5-3 and 32-5-4 as provided by law.
Ala. Code § 32-20-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-6
Section 32-20-6 Inspections; Search Warrants
Status: in_force

(a) Any sheriff, deputy sheriff, policeman of an incorporated municipality, or duly authorized representative of the Department of Public Safety or Department of Revenue of this state may enter into the premises of any manufactured home dealer licensed therefore by the State of Alabama or any political subdivision thereof and inspect the identification numbers of all manufactured homes or parts thereof contained on the premises, at any time of the day or night in order to enforce the provisions of this chapter.

(b) Any sheriff, deputy sheriff, policeman of an incorporated municipality, or duly authorized commissioned law enforcement officer of the Department of Public Safety or the Department of Revenue of this state shall have the power to serve and execute any and all search warrants obtained in accordance with law for the purposes of the provisions of this chapter.

(c) Interference by any person with proper inspection by lawful officers as authorized by this section is a misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 32-20-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-7
Section 32-20-7 Forms, Rules, and Regulations to Be Supplied
Status: in_force

The department shall provide each designated agent with a supply of forms, rules, and regulations provided for in this chapter. Such forms, rules, and regulations at the discretion of the department shall be provided in an electronic format.
Ala. Code § 32-6-295 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-295
Section 32-6-295 Provisions Cumulative
Status: in_force

The provisions of this division shall be construed to be cumulative to any laws or parts of laws relating to motor vehicle license plates or distinctive license plates.
Ala. Code § 32-2-11 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-11
Section 32-2-11 Alabama Bureau of Investigation Cost of Evidence Fund
Status: in_force

(a) There is hereby established a separate fund in the State Treasury, the “Alabama Bureau of Investigation Cost of Evidence Fund.” Distributions may be made from this fund by the State Comptroller only to the Alabama Department of Public Safety and only upon presentation to the Comptroller by the Director of the Department of Public Safety of proper documentation that the requested distribution from the fund is for the use of the Alabama Bureau of Investigation for the procurement of evidence to aid in the criminal enforcement of the laws of this state.

(b) Any funds withdrawn from the fund which are not expended for the purposes authorized in subsection (a) or which are, after expenditure for such purposes, recovered by or reimbursed to the Department of Public Safety, shall be returned to the state Comptroller for deposit to the Alabama Bureau of Investigation Cost of Evidence Fund.

(c) Beginning with the 1997-1998 fiscal year, and each fiscal year thereafter, whenever the unexpended balance in the Alabama Bureau of Investigation Cost of Evidence Fund falls below a balance of $90,000, the additional sum required to maintain a balance of $100,000 in the fund is hereby appropriated from the State General Fund to the fund provided, however, that the amount deposited to the fund from the State General Fund shall not exceed a cumulative total of $200,000 during any single fiscal year. Any funds deposited by the Comptroller to the Alabama Bureau of Investigation Cost of Evidence Fund pursuant to subsection (b) shall not be counted for purposes of the $200,000 per fiscal year limit imposed by this subsection.

(d) The Department of Public Safety shall include with the department’s annual budget request to the Governor and the Legislature a statement of total expenditures from the Alabama Bureau of Investigation Cost of Evidence Fund for the most recent complete fiscal year.
Ala. Code § 32-6-172 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-172
Section 32-6-172 Preparation; Issuance; Proof to Be Submitted by Applicant; Use
Status: in_force

The distinctive license plates provided for by this division shall be prepared by the Commissioner of Revenue and shall be issued through the probate judge or license commissioner of the several counties of the state in like manner as are other motor vehicle license plates or tags, and such officers shall be entitled to their regular fees for such service. Applicants for such distinctive plates shall present to the issuing official proof of their membership in a volunteer rescue squad by means of certificate signed by the treasurer of Alabama Association of Rescue Squads, Inc. The distinctive license plates or tags so issued shall be used only upon and for personally-owned, private passenger vehicles (to include station wagons and pick-up trucks) registered in the name of the member of a volunteer rescue squad making application therefor, and when so issued to such applicant shall be used upon the vehicle for which issued in lieu of the standard license plates or license tags normally issued for such vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-7-36 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-36
Section 32-7-36 Exceptions
Status: in_force

This chapter shall not apply with respect to any motor vehicle owned by the United States, this state or any political subdivision of this state or any municipality therein; nor, except for Sections 32-7-5 and 32-7-28, with respect to any motor vehicle which is subject to the supervision and regulation of the Alabama Public Service Commission which have filed with such commission a bond or insurance policy, the liability under which is not less than that required of the operator of a motor vehicle under the terms of this chapter. Any person, firm, association, or corporation licensed and engaged in the business of renting or leasing motor vehicles to be operated on the public highways shall only be required to furnish proof of financial ability to satisfy any judgment or judgments rendered against the person, firm, association, or corporation in his or her or its capacity as owner of the motor vehicles and shall not be required to furnish proof of its financial ability to satisfy any judgment or judgments rendered against the person to whom the motor vehicle was rented or leased at the time of the accident.
Ala. Code § 32-6-360 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-360
Section 32-6-360 Issuance of License Tag or Plate; Fees
Status: in_force

(a) An active member of the Fraternal Order of Police who is the owner of a motor vehicle or a motorcycle and a resident of the state may be issued a license tag or plate bearing the words “Fraternal Order of Police” across the top portion of the tag or plate upon which, in lieu of the numbers prescribed by law, shall be inscribed distinctive words or marks provided by the Department of Revenue. The active member of the Fraternal Order of Police shall make application to the judge of probate or license commissioner, comply with the motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, pay the regular fees required by law for license tags or plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles or motorcycles, and pay an additional fee of thirty dollars ($30).

(b) The tags or plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive and personalized tags and plates provided for in this chapter. The tags or plates shall be valid for five years and may be replaced with either a conventional, personalized, or new Fraternal Order of Police tags or plates. Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new tag or plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(c) Notwithstanding Section 32-6-68, the annual additional fee for Fraternal Order of Police distinctive motorcycle license plates shall be thirty dollars ($30). The annual additional fee shall be distributed in accordance with Section 32-6-361.
Ala. Code § 32-1-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 1 / Section 32-1-2
Section 32-1-2 Liability for Injury or Death of Guest
Status: in_force

The owner, operator, or person responsible for the operation of a motor vehicle shall not be liable for loss or damage arising from injuries to or death of a guest while being transported without payment therefor in or upon said motor vehicle, resulting from the operation thereof, unless such injuries or death are caused by the willful or wanton misconduct of such operator, owner, or person responsible for the operation of the motor vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-8-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-3
Section 32-8-3 Powers and Duties of Department
Status: in_force

(a) The department shall prescribe and provide suitable forms of applications, certificates of title, notices of security interests, and all other notices and forms necessary to carry out this chapter.

(b) The department may do any of the following:

(1) Make necessary investigations to procure information required to carry out this chapter.

(2) Adopt and enforce reasonable rules to carry out this chapter.

(3) Assign a new identification number to a vehicle if it has none, or its identification number is destroyed or obliterated, or its motor is changed, and shall issue a new certificate of title showing the new identification number.

(4) Revoke the authority of a dealer or other person appointed by the department to act as a designated agent under this chapter and rules adopted thereunder when the department finds that the dealer or other person has failed to faithfully perform his or her duties under this chapter or has been convicted of violating any felony provisions of this chapter or of Title 40.

(5) Revoke the authority of a title service provider to act as an agent on behalf of persons described in subdivision (22) of Section 32-8-2 when the department finds that the title service provider has failed to faithfully perform his or her duties under this chapter and rules adopted thereunder or has been convicted of violating any felony provisions of this chapter or of Title 40.

(c) The department, in accordance with applicable privacy and confidentiality statutes, rules, and regulations, may make available information concerning the status of a title on any vehicle as reflected by the records in a manner prescribed by the department. The department shall charge the fees set forth in Section 32-8-6; provided, that no fee shall be charged to Alabama law enforcement agencies or law enforcement agencies of any other state when that state furnishes like or similar information without charge to the department or to Alabama law enforcement agencies.

(d) Whenever this chapter provides that a written certificate or other document is to be filed with the department, the commissioner may establish procedures for and accept in lieu of such paper document a filing made by electronic means and may waive the notarization requirements as otherwise required by this chapter. The department may also establish procedures for the electronic transfer of title and the recording and release of security interests. The filing or transfer by electronic means shall be accepted only if the content of the filing satisfies all of the requirements of this chapter.

(e) The Department of Revenue may adopt rules for the implementation and administration of Act 2021-171.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-28 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-28
Section 32-7C-28 Automobile Insurance
Status: in_force

A TNC driver or a TNC on behalf of the TNC driver shall maintain automobile insurance pursuant to Article 1 of this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-2-25 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-25
Section 32-2-25 Arrest Fee; When Fees and Costs Not to Be Paid by County
Status: in_force

In all cases where arrests are made by a state trooper, an arrest fee of $5.00 for such arrest shall be collected by the proper authorities and promptly turned over to the Director of Public Safety, who shall cover the same into the State Treasury to the credit of the General Fund; provided, that no witness fee, arrest fee, mileage cost, or any other fees or costs shall be paid by any county out of its funds to said department and no fine and forfeiture claim shall be issued against the fine and forfeiture fund of any county to or for any such state trooper for or on account of those cases brought in any court or before any grand jury by any such officer wherein no indictment is found, the state fails to convict, or the indictment or complaint abates or is nolle prossed or is withdrawn and filed in such case.
Ala. Code § 32-5-78 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-78
Section 32-5-78 Operation of Dump Truck on Highway, Road, or Street with Bed Raised Over a 20-Degree Angle
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following words shall have the following meanings:

(1) DUMP TRUCK. A motor vehicle which has a bed attached to the truck which allows the front of the bed near the passenger compartment to be raised to over a 20-degree angle to allow the load to be dumped from the rear of the bed.

(2) HIGHWAY. Any public highway, road, or municipal street.

(b) A dump truck may not be driven on any highway of this state with the bed of the truck raised to more than a 20-degree angle except when the dump truck is actively engaged in dumping its load.

(c) A violation of this section is a Class C misdemeanor on the first offense. Any second or subsequent offense is a Class B misdemeanor.

(d) This section shall not be construed to repeal any other criminal law. Whenever conduct prohibited by this section is also prohibited by any other provision of law, the provision that carries the more serious penalty shall be applied.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-20 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-20
Section 32-7A-20 Convictions Reported to Department
Status: in_force

Whenever a court convicts a person of a violation of Section 32-7A-15 or Section 32-7A-16, the clerk of the court, within 10 calendar days, shall forward a report of the conviction to the department in a form prescribed by the department.
Ala. Code § 32-8-64.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-64.1
Section 32-8-64.1 Satisfaction of Security Interest After 12 Years
Status: in_force

Except for liens and security interests listed on certificates of title for manufactured homes, travel trailers, or vehicles that weigh more than 12,000 pounds gross weight, which shall be satisfied only in conformity with Section 32-8-64, any lien or security interest shall be considered satisfied and release shall not be required after 12 years from the date of the security agreement as recorded on the certificate of title. Nothing in this section shall preclude the perfection of a lien or security agreement, or the perfection of an extension of a lien or security agreement beyond a period of 12 years, by application for a new certificate of title on which the lien or security agreement is listed. In order to provide for the continuous perfection of a lien or security interest originally entered into for a period of more than 12 years for a vehicle other than a manufactured home, travel trailer, or vehicle that weighs more than 12,000 pounds gross vehicle weight, an application for a second title on which the lien or security interest is listed shall be submitted to the designated agent before 12 years from the date of the security agreement as recorded on the original title. Otherwise, the lien or security interest shall be perfected as provided by Section 32-8-61.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-351 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-351
Section 32-5A-351 Convictions Entered on Driving Record
Status: in_force

(a) A first conviction of this article shall be entered on the driving record of any individual charged under this article as a one-point violation.

(b) A second conviction of this article shall be entered on the driving record of any individual charged under this article as a two-point violation.

(c) A third or subsequent conviction of this article shall be entered on the driving record of any individual charged under this article as a three-point violation.
Ala. Code § 32-6-660 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-660
Section 32-6-660 Issuance of Distinctive Plates; Fees; Design
Status: in_force

(a)(1) Notwithstanding Sections 32-6-64, 32-6-65, 32-6-67, and 32-6-68, except for the requirements for Quantity Class 2 applications provided herein, upon application to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of an additional annual fee of five dollars ($5), owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive POW/MIA license plates. These license plates shall be valid for five years, and may then be replaced with either conventional, personalized, or new POW/MIA license plates. The license plate shall not be printed and issued until applications for the quantity required for regular private passenger or pleasure motor vehicle license plates for a Quantity Class 2 license plate are received by the state Comptroller in the same manner as provided in Section 32-6-64.

(2) Upon application to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for motorcycle license plates, and payment of an additional annual fee of five dollars ($5), owners of motorcycles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive POW/MIA motorcycle license plates. The license plate shall be valid for five years and may then be replaced with a new conventional, personalized, or POW/MIA motorcycle license plate. Notwithstanding this section, the motorcycle license plates shall only be printed and issued as long as the POW/MIA distinctive license plate qualifies for a distinctive license plate category pursuant to subdivision (1).

(b) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which new license plates are not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(c) The POW/MIA license plates shall be designed by the Department of Veterans’ Affairs and approved by the Department of Revenue. The design shall be of a different design than the distinctive POW license plate authorized pursuant to Section 32-6-250, and shall contain the term POW/MIA.

(d) The license plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive and personalized license plates provided in this chapter.

(e) The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the license plates produced pursuant to this section, less administrative costs, shall be distributed by the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official to the office of the state Comptroller which shall distribute the proceeds to the Alabama Veterans’ Assistance Fund in the State Treasury.

(f) The Department of Revenue may promulgate rules to implement this section.
Ala. Code § 32-6-272 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-272
Section 32-6-272 Issuance of Distinctive Plates; Lists of Members; Fees; Violations
Status: in_force

(a) The distinctive license plates here provided for shall be prepared by the Commissioner of Revenue and shall be issued through the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other license issuing official of the several counties of the state in like manner as are other motor vehicle license plates or tags and such officers shall be entitled to their regular fees for such service.

(b) The Alabama Forestry Commission shall prepare a list of all members of certified volunteer fire departments and the Firefighters’ Personnel Standards and Education Commission shall prepare a list of all members of paid or part-paid fire departments. The Alabama Forestry Commission shall also add to the list any retired volunteer firefighter retired from a volunteer fire department in another state who submits proof to the commission of eligibility pursuant to this division. The Forestry Commission and the Firefighters’ Personnel Standards and Education Commission shall submit to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other license issuing official of each county by December 1 of each year the lists of members of fire departments.

(c) An applicant for a distinctive plate shall present to the issuing official proof of his or her identification, and the firefighter shall be issued the requested number of distinctive license plates or tags upon the payment of the regular license fee for tags, as provided by law, but shall not be required to pay the three dollar ($3) fee. The distinctive license plates or tags so issued shall be used only upon and for personally-owned, private, passenger vehicles, to include station wagons and pick-up trucks, registered in the name of the firefighter making application therefor, and when so issued to the applicant shall be used upon the vehicle for which issued in lieu of the standard license plates or license tags normally issued for such vehicle.

(d) Any person who joins a volunteer, paid, or part-paid fire department after December 1 of any year or any person who is mistakenly omitted from the lists prepared as described above may obtain a distinctive plate by presenting to the license issuing official proof of his or her membership in a fire department by means of a certificate signed by the chief of the department on a form prescribed by the Alabama Forestry Commission.

(e) Anyone who is proven to have either falsely obtained or certified an individual to obtain a distinctive firefighter license plate shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor, and upon conviction, shall be punished according to law.

(f) A distinctive license plate shall be provided, upon written request, to a widow or widower of either of a paid, part-paid, or a volunteer firefighter who dies in the line of duty. For purposes of this subsection, a death in the line of duty is determined by a circumstance in which a municipal firefighter’s death would result in a death benefit under Section 11-43-144.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-6
Section 32-5A-6 Persons Working on Highways; Exceptions
Status: in_force

Unless specifically made applicable, the provisions of this chapter except Sections 32-5A-190, 32-5A-191 and 32-5A-194 shall not apply to persons, teams, motor vehicles and other equipment while actually engaged in work upon the surface of a highway but shall apply to such persons and vehicles when traveling to or from such work.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-2
Section 32-7A-2 Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings respectively ascribed to them in this section, except in those instances where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

(1) CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE. A document issued by an insurer or its authorized representative showing that a specific vehicle is insured for no less than the minimum limits of liability coverage for bodily injury or death and for destruction of property under subsection (c) of Section 32-7-6.

(2) COMMERCIAL AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY INSURANCE POLICY. An insurance policy that:

a. Is written on either a commercial coverage or other commercially rated personal policy form, including, but not limited to, a commercial auto, garage, or truckers form, and is not dependent on the type, number, or ownership of vehicle or entity covered or insured.

b. Insures vehicles that are not identified individually by vehicle identification number on the policy.

(3) COMMISSIONER. The Commissioner of the Department of Revenue or his or her designee.

(4) DEALER. Any person dealing in, buying, selling, exchanging, advertising, or negotiating the sale of motor vehicles and licensed under Section 40-12-391.

(5) DECLARATIONS PAGE. That part of an insurance policy showing the name of the insured, insuring company, the vehicle make, the year model, the vehicle identification number (VIN), the policy number, the amount of coverage or coverages, and the effective and expiration dates of the policy.

(6) DEPARTMENT. The Department of Revenue.

(7) DEPOSIT OF CASH. Funds deposited with and held by the State Treasurer as security for payment by the depositor, or by any person responsible for the depositor’s motor vehicle with his or her express or implied consent, of all judgments rendered against the depositor or other authorized operator of the depositor’s motor vehicle arising from injury, death, or damage sustained through use, operation, maintenance, or control of the motor vehicle within the State of Alabama.

(8) DIRECTOR or SECRETARY. The Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, or his or her designee.

(9) INSURANCE BINDER. A document issued by an insurer or its authorized representative showing that a specific vehicle is insured for no less than the minimum limits of liability coverage for bodily injury or death and for destruction of property under subsection (c) of Section 32-7-6.

(10) INSURANCE COMMISSIONER. The Commissioner of the Department of Insurance, or his or her designee.

(11) LIABILITY INSURANCE POLICY. An owner’s or an operator’s personal automobile liability insurance policy, issued by an insurance carrier duly authorized to transact business in this state.

(12) MOTOR VEHICLE. Every self-propelled vehicle that is designed to be operated on the streets and highways of Alabama, but not operated upon rails.

(13) MOTOR VEHICLE LIABILITY BOND. A bond of a surety company duly authorized to transact business in this state, which is conditioned for payments in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a motor vehicle liability insurance policy.

(14) NAIC NUMBER. A unique identification number assigned to the insurance company by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners.

(15) NON-ADMITTED COMPANY. An insurance company not licensed to conduct business in this state which sells coverage that is unavailable from licensed insurers within this state.

(16) NON-OWNER POLICY. An insurance policy issued for persons who drive but do not own the insured vehicle.

(17) ONLINE INSURANCE VERIFICATION SYSTEM. An online insurance verification system using web services as defined in Section 32-7B-2.

(18) OPERATOR. Every person who is in actual physical control of a motor vehicle.

(19) OWNER. Any of the following persons:

a. A person or persons holding the legal title to a motor vehicle, unless paragraph b. or c. is applicable.

b. The mortgagor, debtor, conditional vendee, or lessee of a vehicle that is the subject of a chattel mortgage, lien, agreement for the conditional sale thereof, lease or other like agreement with the right of purchase upon performance of the conditions stated in the agreement and with the immediate right of possession vested in the mortgagor, debtor, conditional vendee, or lessee, in which event the mortgagor, debtor, conditional vendee, or lessee shall be deemed the owner for purposes of this chapter.

c. The lessee of a vehicle owned by the United States of America or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.

(20) PERSON. Every natural person, firm, partnership, association, estate, trust, corporation, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or other entity.

(21) REGISTRANT. The vehicle owner or operator who is issued a registration for a motor vehicle.

(22) REGISTRATION. The certificate or certificates and license plates issued under the laws of this state pertaining to the registration of motor vehicles.

(23) SIGNATURE. A unique mark, process, or verification in a manner prescribed by the department, as provided in Section 40-1-1.

(24) STATE. Any state, territory or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, any province or territory of the Dominion of Canada, or a state of the Republic of Mexico.

(25) SUSPENSION. The withdrawal by formal action of the department of a vehicle’s registration as specified by this chapter.

(b) The terms “liability insurance policy,” “deposit of cash,” and a “motor vehicle liability bond” are used interchangeably throughout this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-6-111.2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-111.2
Section 32-6-111.2 Disposition of Funds
Status: in_force

The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the tags or plates provided pursuant to Section 32-6-111.1, less administrative costs, including the cost of production of the plates, shall be distributed by the judge of probate or license commissioner to the state Comptroller. The state Comptroller shall distribute the proceeds to the National Guard Foundation. The Foundation shall use these funds in furtherance of its program and purposes.
Ala. Code § 32-5-171 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-171
Section 32-5-171 Arrest Without Warrant; Issuance of Traffic Citation
Status: in_force

(a) A law enforcement officer as defined in Section 36-21-40, may arrest, at the scene of a traffic accident, any driver of a vehicle involved in the accident if upon personal investigation, including information from eyewitnesses, the officer has reasonable grounds to believe that the person by violating Section 32-5A-191 contributed to the accident. He or she may arrest such a person without a warrant although he or she did not personally see the violation.

(b) A law enforcement officer, as defined in Section 36-21-40, subsequent to a traffic accident, may issue a traffic citation to a driver of a vehicle involved in the accident when, based on personal investigation, the officer has prima facie evidence demonstrating grounds to believe that the person has committed any offense under Chapter 5, 5A, 6, 7, or 7A of Title 32.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-60 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-60
Section 32-5A-60 Throwing, Dropping, Etc., Destructive or Injurious Materials onto Highway, Road, Etc., Prohibited; Removal; Penalty
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall throw or deposit upon or alongside any highway, road, street, or public right-of-way any bottle, glass, nails, tacks, wire, cans, cigarettes, cigars, containers of urine, or any other substance likely to injure any person, animal, or vehicle upon or alongside the highway, road, street, or public right-of-way.

(b) Any person who throws, drops, or permits to be thrown or dropped, upon any highway any destructive or injurious material shall immediately remove the material or cause it to be removed.

(c) Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehicle from a highway shall remove any glass or other injurious substance dropped upon the highway from the vehicle.

(d) No person shall throw or drop litter from a motor vehicle upon or alongside any highway, road or street, or public right-of-way.

(e) The uniform traffic citation may be used for any violation of this section.

(f) “Litter” as used in this section is the same as defined in Section 13A-7-29.

(g)(1) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 32-5A-266, any person violating this section shall be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor pursuant to Section 13A-7-29, the criminal littering statute.

(2) The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall adopt rules to implement this subsection.
Ala. Code § 32-5-215 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-215
Section 32-5-215 Windshields Must Be Unobstructed; Windshield Wipers; Tinting
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall drive any motor vehicle with any sign, poster, or other nontransparent material upon the front windshield, sidewings, or side or rear windows of such vehicle which obstructs the driver’s clear view of the highway or any intersecting highway.

(b) The windshield on every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow, or other moisture from the windshield, which device shall be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.

(c) Every windshield wiper upon a motor vehicle shall be maintained in good working order.

(d) No person shall operate a motor vehicle which has a windshield, sidewing, or rear window which has tinting to the extent or manufactured in such a way that occupants of the vehicle cannot be easily identified or recognized through the sidewing or rear windows from outside the motor vehicle.

(e) The provisions of this section shall not apply to the manufactured tinting of windshields of motor vehicles or to certificates of identification, decals, or other papers required by law to be displayed on such windshield or windows.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-153 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-153
Section 32-5A-153 Emerging from Alley, Driveway, or Building
Status: in_force

The driver of a vehicle emerging from an alley, building, private road, or driveway within a business or residence district shall stop such vehicle immediately prior to driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area extending across such alley, building entrance, road, or driveway, or in the event there is no sidewalk area, shall stop at the point nearest the street to be entered where the driver has a view of approaching traffic thereon.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-36 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-36
Section 32-7C-36 Legislative Intent, Scope, and Construction of Article
Status: in_force

(a) It is the intent of the Legislature to provide for uniformity of laws governing TNCs, TNC drivers, and TNC vehicles throughout the state, and to provide that TNCs, TNC drivers, and TNC vehicles be governed exclusively by state law, including Article 1 of this chapter, governing insurance requirements for TNCs and TNC drivers, and any rules adopted by the commission consistent with this article.

(b) A county, municipality, special district, airport authority, port authority, or other local governmental entity or subdivision may not do any of the following:

(1) Impose a tax on, or require a license for, a TNC or a TNC driver or TNC vehicle if the tax or license relates to providing prearranged rides.

(2) Require a TNC or a TNC driver to obtain a business license or any other type of similar authorization to operate within the jurisdiction.

(3) Subject a TNC, a TNC driver, or a TNC vehicle to a rate, entry, operation, or other requirement of the county, municipality, special district, airport authority, port authority, or other local governmental entity if the rate, entry, operation, or other requirement relates to providing prearranged rides or transportation network services.

(c) This section does not prohibit the governing body of a municipality from electing by ordinance to prohibit TNCs from providing prearranged rides that originate within its corporate limits. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the governing body of a municipality may not specify additional or alternative requirements, taxes, or licenses for TNCs, TNC drivers, or TNC vehicles as conditions for operating within its corporate limits

(d) This section does not prohibit an airport or cruise terminal from charging reasonable pickup fees at that airport or cruise terminal, for use of the airport’s or cruise terminal’s facilities, or designating locations for staging, pickup, and other similar operations at the airport or cruise terminal.

(e) This section does not prohibit the Alabama State Port Authority from regulating access to its properties and facilities or from charging reasonable and necessary fees, provided the regulations, fees, and any required credentials are consistent with regulations, fees, and credentials that apply to taxicab companies.

(f) This section shall not be construed to prohibit any law enforcement officer from enforcing applicable criminal or traffic laws, or, in connection with the enforcement of applicable criminal or traffic laws, from requesting to review a TNC driver’s electronic waybill within the TNC’s digital network.
Ala. Code § 32-5-252 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-252
Section 32-5-252 Approval of Lighting Devices; Prohibited Lamps and Devices; Regulations; Lists of Approved Devices to Be Published
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall have for sale, or offer for sale for use upon or as a part of the equipment of a motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer, or use upon any such vehicle any head lamp, auxiliary or fog lamp, rear lamp, signal lamp or reflector, which reflector is required hereunder, or parts of any of the foregoing which tend to change the original design or performance, unless of a type which has been submitted to the director and approved by him or her. The foregoing provisions of this section shall not apply to equipment in actual use when this section is adopted or replacement parts therefor.

(b) No person shall have for sale, sell, or offer for sale for use upon or as a part of the equipment of a motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer any lamp or device mentioned in this section which has been approved by the director unless such lamp or device bears thereon the trademark or name under which it is approved so as to be legible when installed.

(c) No person shall use upon any motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer any lamps mentioned in this section unless the lamps are mounted, adjusted, and aimed in accordance with instructions of the director.

(d) The director is hereby authorized to approve or disapprove lighting devices and to issue and enforce regulations establishing standards and specifications for the approval of such lighting devices, their installation, adjustment, and aiming and adjustment when in use on motor vehicles. Such regulations shall correlate with and, so far as practicable, conform to the then current standards and specifications of the Society of Automotive Engineers applicable to such equipment.

(e) The director is hereby required to approve or disapprove any lighting device, of a type on which approval is specifically required in this chapter, within a reasonable time after such device has been submitted.

(f) The director is further authorized to set up the procedure which shall be followed when any device is submitted for approval.

(g) The director, upon approving any such lamp or device, shall issue to the applicant a certificate of approval together with any instructions determined by him or her.

(h) The director shall publish lists of all lamps and devices by name and type which have been approved by him or her.
Ala. Code § 32-1-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 1 / Section 32-1-7
Section 32-1-7 Operation of Vehicles on Beaches and Sand Dunes of Gulf of Mexico Prohibited; Exceptions, Penalty, Etc
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful to operate a motor vehicle, motorcycle, or motor driven cycle as they are defined by Section 32-1-1.1 on the beaches and sand dunes on the Gulf of Mexico along the southern boundary of the State of Alabama off of the public roads, parking places, and private driveways. Provided, however, owners of private property, their families, and invited guests may park their motor vehicles on their private property; and provided that motor vehicles engaged in the construction, maintenance, or repair of utility facilities may be operated on such beaches and sand dunes to the extent necessary to carry out such construction, repair, or maintenance of utility facilities; and provided further that motor vehicles actively engaged in construction projects may be operated on sites for which building permits have been issued by the proper building inspector or authority.

(b) Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 32-15A-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15A / Section 32-15A-5
Section 32-15A-5
Status: in_force

(a) An authorized insurer that underwrites motor vehicle liability insurance in this state may exclude any and all coverage and the duty to defend or indemnify for any claim afforded under a shared vehicle owner’s motor vehicle liability insurance policy, including, but not limited to, all of the following:

(1) Liability coverage for bodily injury and property damage.

(2) Personal injury protection coverage.

(3) Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage.

(4) Medical payments coverage.

(5) Comprehensive physical damage coverage.

(6) Collision physical damage coverage.

(b) Nothing in this chapter invalidates, limits, or restricts any of the following:

(1) An exclusion contained in a motor vehicle liability insurance policy, including any insurance policy in use or approved for use, which excludes coverage for motor vehicles made available for rent, sharing, hire, or for any business use.

(2) An insurer’s ability under existing law to underwrite any insurance policy.

(3) An insurer’s ability under existing law to cancel and nonrenew policies.
Ala. Code § 32-6-413 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-413
Section 32-6-413 Alabama Forest Stewardship Education Committee to Administer Fund
Status: in_force

(a) The Alabama Forest Stewardship Education Fund shall be administered by the Alabama Forest Stewardship Education Committee. The committee shall be appointed by the Alabama Forestry Commission and composed of the following members:

(1) One member of the Alabama Association of Consulting Foresters.

(2) One member of the Alabama Treasure Forest Landowners Association.

(3) One member of the Urban Forestry Association.

(4) One member of the Society of American Foresters.

(5) One member of the Alabama Farmer’s Federation.

(6) One member of the Alabama Forest Owners Association.

(7) The chair of the Board of Registration for Foresters, or his or her designee.

(8) The Dean of the Auburn University School of Forestry, or his or her designee.

(9) The Executive Director of the Alabama Forestry Association, or his or her designee.

(10) The State Forester, or his or her designee, who shall serve as chair of the committee.

(b) The first six members who are appointed to the committee shall initially serve two-year terms. At the expiration of the two-year terms, the members will serve staggered three-year terms as designated by the chair of the committee. Each of the members appointed from the association, society, or federation listed in subdivisions (1) through (6) of subsection (a) shall be appointed by the Alabama Forestry Commission from a list of three names submitted by the State Forester.
Ala. Code § 32-20-34 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-34
Section 32-20-34 Suspension or Revocation of Certificate
Status: in_force

(a) The department shall suspend or revoke a certificate of title, subject to the appeal provisions of Chapter 2A of Title 40, when authorized by any other provision of law or if it finds either of the following:

(1) The certificate of title was fraudulently procured or erroneously issued.

(2) The manufactured home has been scrapped, dismantled, or destroyed.

(b) Suspension or revocation of a certificate of title does not, in itself, affect the validity of a security interest noted on it.

(c) When the department suspends or revokes a certificate of title, the owner or person in possession of it, immediately upon receiving notice of the suspension or revocation, shall mail or deliver the certificate to the department.

(d) Should any person fail to comply with the provisions of subsection (c) the department shall seize and impound the certificate of title which has been revoked. It shall also be the duty of any peace officer, on notification to him or her by the department of the failure of a person to mail or deliver a revoked certificate of title to the department, to seize and mail or deliver to the department the revoked certificate of title.
Ala. Code § 32-6-1.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-1.1
Section 32-6-1.1 Continued Validity of Driver’s License for Military Personnel Deployed Outside United States; Renewal Procedures
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the driver’s license of any resident of this state who is a member of the National Guard or the Armed Forces of the United States whose driver’s license has expired and who is on active duty and deployed outside the United States shall be valid as long as the military member has on his or her person a copy of valid military orders with any amendments.

(b) The Department of Public Safety may develop procedures authorizing members of the National Guard and armed forces receiving orders to be deployed outside the United States to renew their driver’s licenses up to one year prior to the expiration of the license.
Ala. Code § 32-6-63 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-63
Section 32-6-63 Validation Decals, Etc., in Lieu of License Plates; Change of Residence
Status: in_force

For the years during which the metal license plates are not issued, in lieu thereof, validation decals or other devices suitable for attaching to a motor vehicle license plate shall be issued. The validation decal or device shall indicate the period for which it was issued and shall, when properly affixed to the license plate, evidence payment for the motor vehicle license fees and taxes for the period indicated thereon. Such validation decal or device shall be such size as the legislative oversight committee, as provided for in this section, deems appropriate and shall bear a bright reflective background contrasting with the digits or letters printed thereon. The month and year of expiration shall be printed on the validation decal.

A person changing his or her county of residence shall be required to purchase a license plate indicating his or her new county of residence upon expiration of the license period covered by his or her present license plate or validation device and shall turn in his or her old license plate.
Ala. Code § 32-5-220 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-220
Section 32-5-220 Flares or Other Warning Devices - Carrying Required by Certain Vehicles; Specifications
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall operate any truck, passenger bus, or truck tractor upon any highway outside the corporate limits of municipalities at any time from a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise unless there shall be carried in such vehicle the following equipment, except as provided in subsection (b) of this section:

(1) At least three flares or three red electric lanterns each of which shall be capable of being seen and distinguished at a distance of 500 feet under normal atmospheric conditions at nighttime. Each flare (liquid-burning pot torch) shall be capable of burning for not less than 12 hours in five miles per hour wind velocity and capable of burning in any air velocity from zero to 40 miles per hour. Every such flare shall be substantially constructed so as to withstand reasonable shocks without leaking. Every such flare shall be carried in the vehicle in a metal rack or box. Every such red electric lantern shall be capable of operating continuously for not less than 12 hours and shall be substantially constructed so as to withstand reasonable shock without breakage.

(2) At least three red-burning fusees unless red electric lanterns are carried. Every fusee shall be made in accordance with specifications of the Bureau of Explosives, New York, and so marked and shall be capable of burning at least 15 minutes.

(3) At least two red cloth flags, not less than 12 inches square, with standards to support same.

(b) No person shall operate at the time and under the conditions stated in subsection (a) of this section any motor vehicle used in the transportation of inflammable liquids in bulk, or transporting compressed inflammable gases unless there shall be carried in such vehicle three red electric lanterns meeting the requirements above stated and there shall not be carried in any vehicle any flares, fusees, or signal produced by a flame.

(c) As an alternative it shall be deemed a compliance with this section in the event a person operating any motor vehicle described in this section shall carry in such vehicle three portable reflector units on standards of a type approved by the department. No portable reflector unit shall be approved unless it is so designed and constructed as to include two reflectors one above the other each of which shall be capable of reflecting red light clearly visible from all distances within 500 feet to 50 feet under normal atmospheric conditions at nighttime when directly in front of lawful upper beams of head lamps.
Ala. Code § 32-13-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 13 / Section 32-13-3
Section 32-13-3 Authority to Sell; Notice; Bill of Sale; Records; Voiding of Sale; Title
Status: in_force

(a) A person, as defined in Section 40-12-240, in possession of a motor vehicle that is considered an abandoned motor vehicle may sell the motor vehicle at a public auction.

(b)(1) Notice of the date, time, and place of the sale and a description of the motor vehicle to be sold, including the year, make, model, and vehicle identification number, shall be given by publication once a week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the sale is to be held, provided the vehicle is currently registered in the county. In counties in which no newspaper is published, notice shall be given by posting such notice in a conspicuous place at the courthouse. The first publication or posting, as the case may be, shall be at least 30 days before the date of sale. A person selling a motor vehicle at public auction under subsection (a) shall give notice of the public auction to the department at least 35 calendar days prior to the date of the public auction.

(2) The notice of public auction shall be in a manner as prescribed by the department and shall include all of the following:

a. The name and address of the current owner and lienholder of record, if any, as reflected on the current title or registration record of state.

b. The contact information for the person or entity filing the notice.

c. The motor vehicle’s identification number, year, make, and model.

d. The date, time, and location of the auction.

e. If the motor vehicle is not being sold by a bonded agent pursuant to Section 32-8-34, Section 40-12-398, or Section 40-12-414, a statement that the purchaser is required to post a bond pursuant to Section 32-8-36 in order to obtain title to the vehicle.

(3) The auction shall occur where the vehicle is located. The department, within five calendar days of receipt of the notice of public auction, shall send a motor vehicle interest termination notice to the current owner and lienholder of record, if any, as disclosed on the notice of public auction. The motor vehicle interest termination notice shall advise the owner and lienholder of record, if any, that their interest in the motor vehicle, upon its sale, will be terminated pursuant to this chapter, and personal property and items contained in the motor vehicle will be disposed of in a manner determined by the person or entity conducting the sale.

(4) The notice shall include all the information provided in the notice of public auction as well as the owner or other interested party’s appeal rights, pursuant to Sections 32-13-4 and 40-2A-8, to contest the proposed sale of the motor vehicle.

(c)(1) Upon payment of the sales price to a seller who is a bonded agent, pursuant to Section 32-8-34, Section 40-12-398, or Section 40-12-414, the purchaser of the abandoned motor vehicle shall be entitled to, and the person making the sale shall issue, a bill of sale for the abandoned motor vehicle, free and clear of all liens, security interests, and encumbrances, in a form as prescribed by the department. Upon payment of the sales price to a seller who is not a bonded agent, the purchaser of the abandoned motor vehicle shall be entitled to, and the person making the sale shall issue, a bill of sale for the abandoned motor vehicle, in a form as prescribed by the department. In addition, the purchaser shall post a surety bond pursuant to Section 32-8-36 to obtain title for any sale on or after January 1, 2020.

(2) If the purchaser of an abandoned motor vehicle fails to apply for a certificate of title within one calendar year from the date of the sale, the purchaser shall be subject to posting a bond under Section 32-8-36.

(3) Each person who sells a motor vehicle pursuant to this chapter, for three years from the date of the sale, shall maintain all of the following:

a. Copies of the notices sent pursuant to subsection (d) of Section 32-8-84, to the previous motor vehicle owner and lienholder of record, along with evidence that the notices were sent by certified mail.

b. Any associated National Motor Vehicle Title Information System (NMVTIS) records and owner and lienholder records received from any state pursuant to subsection (d) of Section 32-8-84.

c. Any other records as required by the department.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision in this section, if the person making the sale of the motor vehicle failed to provide proper notices as required in subsection (d) of Section 32-8-84, or this chapter, the sale of the abandoned vehicle shall be void and the current owners, registrants, secured parties, and lienholders of record, if any, for the motor vehicle shall retain their ownership, security interests, liens, and interests in the motor vehicle.

(d)(1) Each purchaser of an abandoned motor vehicle subject to titling shall make an application for a certificate of title unless the motor vehicle is being sold by the purchaser to a licensed automotive dismantler and parts recycler or secondary metals recycler for the purpose of dismantling it or recycling it into metallic scrap for remelting purposes.

(2) A purchaser of an abandoned motor vehicle who sells an abandoned motor vehicle to a licensed automotive dismantler and parts recycler or secondary metals recycler, in lieu of surrendering the certificate of title as prescribed in Section 32-8-87(s)(1), may surrender the bill of sale for the abandoned motor vehicle to the licensed automotive dismantler and parts recycler or secondary metals recycler. The licensed automotive dismantler and metals recycler or secondary parts recycler shall then proceed with the notice of cancellation procedures as prescribed in Section 32-8-87(s)(1) utilizing the bill of sale in lieu of the certificate of title. The bill of sale shall be subject to the same records retention requirements as those prescribed in Section 32-8-87(s)(1) for a certificate of title.

(e)(1) If the current certificate of title to a motor vehicle sold pursuant to this chapter is designated a salvage certificate of title, or if the records of the department indicate an application for a salvage certificate of title has previously been received, the new certificate of title issued by the department shall also be a salvage certificate of title.

(2) The purchaser of a salvage abandoned motor vehicle shall not be permitted to register the vehicle or operate it upon the highways of this state until the vehicle is restored by a licensed rebuilder and inspected by the department as required by Section 32-8-87 and a rebuilt Alabama certificate of title is issued.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-2
Section 32-7C-2 Insurance Requirements
Status: in_force

(a) On or before October 30, 2016, and thereafter, a TNC driver or a TNC on the behalf of the TNC driver shall maintain primary automobile insurance that recognizes that the driver is a TNC driver or otherwise uses a vehicle to transport riders for compensation and covers the driver under both of the following circumstances:

(1) While the TNC driver is logged onto the digital network of a TNC.

(2) While the TNC driver is engaged in a prearranged ride.

(b)(1) The following automobile insurance requirements shall apply while a participating TNC driver is logged on to the digital network of a TNC and is available to receive transportation requests but is not engaged in a prearranged ride:

a. Primary automobile liability insurance in the amount of at least fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) for death and bodily injury per person, one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) for death and bodily injury per incident, and twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) for property damage.

b. All other state mandated coverage for motor vehicles, including the requirements under the Motor Vehicle Safety-Responsibility Act, Chapter 7 of this title.

(2) The coverage requirements of this subsection may be satisfied by any of the following:

a. Automobile insurance maintained by the TNC driver.

b. Automobile insurance maintained by the TNC.

c. Any combination of a. and b.

(c)(1) The following automobile insurance requirements shall apply while a TNC driver is engaged in a prearranged ride:

a. Primary automobile liability insurance that provides at least one million dollars ($1,000,000) for death, bodily injury, and property damage.

b. All other state mandated coverage for motor vehicles, including the requirements under the Motor Vehicle Safety-Responsibility Act, Chapter 7 of this title.

(2) The coverage requirements of this subsection may be satisfied by any of the following:

a. Automobile insurance maintained by the TNC driver.

b. Automobile insurance maintained by the TNC.

c. Any combination of a. and b.

(d) If insurance maintained by a TNC driver under subsection (b) or (c) has lapsed or does not provide the required coverage, insurance maintained by a TNC shall provide the coverage required by this chapter beginning with the first dollar of a claim and shall have the duty to defend the claim.

(e) Coverage under an automobile insurance policy maintained by a TNC may not be made dependent on a personal automobile insurer first denying a claim and a personal automobile insurance policy may not be required to first deny a claim.

(f) Insurance required by this chapter may be placed with an insurer licensed under state law or with a surplus lines insurer eligible under state law that has a credit rating of no less than A- from A.M. Best or A from Demotech or a similar rating from another rating agency recognized by the Department of Insurance.

(g)(1) Insurance satisfying the requirements of this chapter shall satisfy the financial responsibility requirement for a motor vehicle under the Motor Vehicle Safety-Responsibility Act, Chapter 7 of this title.

(2) Nothing in this chapter shall relieve a TNC driver not logged onto the digital network of a TNC or not engaged in a prearranged ride from the financial responsibility requirements for a motor vehicle under the Motor Vehicle Safety-Responsibility Act, Chapter 7 of this title.

(h)(1) A TNC driver shall carry proof of coverage satisfying this chapter with him or her at all times during his or her use of a vehicle in connection with the use of a digital network of a TNC.

(2) In the event of an accident, a TNC driver shall provide this insurance coverage information to the directly interested parties, automobile insurers, and investigating police officers.

(3) Upon request, a TNC driver shall also disclose to directly interested parties, automobile insurers, and investigating police officers, whether he or she was logged on to the digital network of a TNC or on a prearranged ride at the time of an accident.

(i) This chapter shall have no effect or limitation on the rights of a TNC rider to coverage that may be available for underinsured or uninsured motorist coverages pursuant to Section 32-7-23 as an additional recovery beyond any insurance coverage available to the TNC rider under this chapter.

(j) No contract between a TNC and a TNC driver or TNC rider shall diminish the automobile insurance requirements under this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-5B-8 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5B / Section 32-5B-8
Section 32-5B-8 Disposition of Funds; Searches; Statistics
Status: in_force

(a) A person subject to a penalty pursuant to Section 32-5B-5, shall not be assessed court costs on a conviction.

(b) In any case brought by a law enforcement officer employed by the Department of Public Safety, sixty percent (60%) of the funds generated shall be allocated to the Department of Public Safety, Law Enforcement Division. The remaining forty percent (40%) of the funds shall be allocated to the State General Fund.

(c) A law enforcement officer may not search or inspect a motor vehicle, its content, the driver, or a passenger solely because of a violation of this chapter.

(d) Each state, county, and municipal police department must maintain statistical information on traffic stops of this nature on minorities and report that information monthly to the Department of Public Safety and the Attorney General.
Ala. Code § 32-1-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 1 / Section 32-1-4
Section 32-1-4 Appearance Upon Arrest for Misdemeanor
Status: in_force

(a) Whenever any person is arrested for a violation of any provision of this title punishable as a misdemeanor, the arresting officer shall, unless otherwise provided in this section, take the name and address of such person and the license number of his or her motor vehicle, and shall issue a summons or otherwise notify him or her in writing or by an electronic traffic ticket or e-ticket to appear at a time and place to be specified in such summons, notice, or e-ticket.

An electronic traffic ticket or e-ticket, for purposes of this chapter, is defined as a ticket that is generated and printed at the site of a traffic violation after a violation has been electronically transmitted to the court. An arresting officer transfers arrest and licensing information of a violator electronically to the court. The court electronically records the arrest and issues a complaint and summons or notice to appear, which is printed at the site of the offense, and given to the violator.

The person arrested, if he or she so desires, shall have a right to an immediate hearing or a hearing within 24 hours at a convenient hour before a magistrate within the county or city where such offense was committed, or if an e-ticket is written, the person shall have a right, if he or she desires, to an immediate hearing or a hearing within 24 hours at a convenient hour before any magistrate within this state. Except when an arresting officer cites a person with an e-ticket, the officer shall, upon the giving by such person of a sufficient written bond, approved by the arresting officer, to appear at such time and place, forthwith release the person from custody.

Except when an arresting officer cites a person with an e-ticket, a person refusing to give bond to appear shall be taken immediately by the arresting officer before the nearest or most accessible magistrate. When an e-ticket is used by an arresting officer, a person shall be deemed to have given his or her written bond to appear in court on the date as specified on the e-ticket.

Any person who willfully violates his or her written bond by failing to timely appear shall be guilty of a misdemeanor regardless of the disposition of the charge upon which he or she was originally arrested.

(b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any person arrested and charged with an offense causing or contributing to an accident resulting in injury or death to any person nor to any person charged with driving while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or of narcotic or other drugs nor to any person whom the arresting officer shall have good cause to believe has committed any felony, and the arresting officer shall take such person forthwith before the nearest or most accessible magistrate.

(c) Any officer violating any of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of misconduct in office and shall be subject to removal from office.
Ala. Code § 32-6-32 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-32
Section 32-6-32 Licensing Authority; Duties of Director of Public Safety
Status: in_force

As used in the compact, the term “licensing authority,” with reference to this state, shall mean the Department of Public Safety. The Director of Public Safety shall furnish to the appropriate authorities of any other party state any information or documents reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration of Articles III, IV, and V of the compact.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-31 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-31
Section 32-5A-31 Obedience to Traffic-Control Devices; Devices Presumed to Comply with Requirements
Status: in_force

(a) The driver of any vehicle shall obey the instructions of any official traffic-control device applicable thereto placed in accordance with law, unless otherwise directed by a police officer, subject to the exceptions granted the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle in this chapter.

(b) No provision of this chapter for which official traffic-control devices are required shall be enforced against an alleged violator if at the time and place of the alleged violation an official device is not in proper position and sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person. Whenever a particular section does not state that official traffic-control devices are required, such section shall be effective even though no devices are erected or in place.

(c) Whenever official traffic-control devices are placed in position approximately conforming to the requirements of this chapter or other law, such devices shall be presumed to have been so placed by the official act or direction of lawful authority, unless the contrary shall be established by competent evidence.

(d) Any official traffic-control device placed pursuant to the provisions of this chapter or other law and purporting to conform to the lawful requirements pertaining to such devices shall be presumed to comply with the requirements of this chapter or other such law, unless the contrary shall be established by competent evidence.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-112 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-112
Section 32-5A-112 Vehicle Entering Stop or Yield Intersection; Collision as Prima Facie Evidence of Failure to Yield
Status: in_force

(a) Preferential right-of-way at an intersection may be indicated by stop signs or yield signs as authorized in Section 32-5A-113.

(b) Except when directed to proceed by a police officer every driver of a vehicle approaching a stop sign shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering it. After having stopped, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another roadway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time when such driver is moving across or within the intersection or junction of roadways.

(c) The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign shall in obedience to such sign slow down to a speed reasonable for the existing conditions and, if required for safety to stop, shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering it. After slowing or stopping, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another roadway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time such driver is moving across or within the intersection or junction of roadways. Provided, however, that if such a driver is involved in a collision with a vehicle in the intersection or junction of roadways after driving past a yield sign without stopping, such collision shall be deemed prima facie evidence of his or her failure to yield right-of-way.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-190 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-190
Section 32-5A-190 Reckless Driving
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who drives any vehicle carelessly and heedlessly in willful or wanton disregard for the rights or safety of persons or property, or without due caution and circumspection and at a speed or in a manner so as to endanger or be likely to endanger any person or property, shall be guilty of reckless driving.

(b) Every person convicted of reckless driving shall be punished upon a first conviction by imprisonment for a period of not less than five days nor more than 90 days, or by fine of not less than $25.00 nor more than $500.00, or by both such fine and imprisonment, and on a second or subsequent conviction shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than 10 days nor more than six months, or by a fine of not less than $50.00 nor more than $500.00, or by both such fine and imprisonment, and the court may prohibit the person so convicted from driving a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for a period not exceeding six months, and the license of the person shall be suspended for such period by the Director of Public Safety pursuant to Section 32-5A-195.

(c) Neither reckless driving nor any other moving violation under this chapter is a lesser included offense under a charge of driving while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.16 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.16
Section 32-6-49.16 Rulemaking Authority
Status: in_force

The director and the Department of Public Safety may adopt any reasonable rules and regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this article, and may promulgate and enforce such rules and regulations in accordance with the guidelines of the Department of Transportation.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-196 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-196
Section 32-5A-196 Law Enforcement Witness Testimony Regarding Impairment Based on Results of Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law and for purposes of prosecutions under Section 32-5A-191, a law enforcement witness may give testimony solely on the issue of impairment, and not on the issue of specific alcohol or drug concentration levels, based on the results of a horizontal gaze nystagmus test when the test is administered in accordance with the individual’s training and administered by an individual who has successfully completed training in the horizontal gaze nystagmus test.
Ala. Code § 32-6A-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6A / Section 32-6A-1
Section 32-6A-1 Operation of Autocycles
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this chapter, an “autocycle” means a motor vehicle that is designed to travel with three wheels on the ground; is equipped with a steering wheel or steering mechanism, a roll cage or roll hoops, a seat belt for each occupant, brakes that meet the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 122, and seating that does not require the operator to straddle or sit astride the seat; and is manufactured and certified to comply with the applicable federal motorcycle safety standards under 49 C.F.R. Part 571 by a manufacturer registered with the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration.

(b) The operator of an autocycle shall be required to have a regular driver’s license and shall not be required to have a Class M displayed on his or her driver’s license or a Class M motorcycle license.

(c) The operator of an autocycle shall be subject to the requirements of the seat belt law when operating the vehicle.

(d) For the purposes of this title and Title 40, an autocycle shall be registered, taxed, and titled in the same manner as a motorcycle and shall otherwise be considered a motorcycle for the purposes of this title and Title 40.

(e) A person 17 years of age or younger operating an autocycle shall be subject to the operating hours, exceptions, and suspensions provided in Section 32-6-7.2.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-331 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-331
Section 32-5A-331 Smoking or Vaping in a Motor Vehicle When a Child Is Present
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) SMOKE. The same meaning as smoking in Section 22-15A-3.

(2) TOBACCO PRODUCT. The same meaning as in Section 28-11-2.

(3) VAPE. To use an electronic nicotine delivery system as defined in Section 28-11-2.

(b)(1) It is unlawful for a person to smoke a tobacco product or vape in an enclosed motor vehicle when a child 14 years of age or younger is present in the enclosed motor vehicle.

(2) This section applies to all motor vehicles and whether the motor vehicle is in motion or at rest, or whether the windows of the motor vehicle are open or closed.

(c) A violation of this section is punishable by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100) for each violation.

(d) A violation of this section may be investigated and charged only as a secondary violation following the lawful stop of a motor vehicle based on probable cause of a separate violation of law, and the issuance of a citation or warrant of arrest for that violation.
Ala. Code § 32-6-55 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-55
Section 32-6-55 Special Tag Number for Chairs of Uss Alabama Battleship Commission
Status: in_force

(a) Each former and current chair of the USS Alabama Battleship Commission shall be entitled to use on both his or her official and private automobiles the USS Alabama Battleship Commission distinctive license tag bearing the insignia “BB-60” which were the call letters of battleship USS Alabama during its proud service throughout World War II. Upon compliance with the state motor vehicle laws relating to registration and licensing of motor vehicles, and upon the payment of the regular license fee for tags, as provided by law, the former or current chair shall be issued receipts which shall entitle him or her to request a special tag to be made bearing the battleship call letters along with a unique individual identifier to be used by him or her in lieu of any other license number.

(b) The USS Alabama Battleship Commission shall annually certify to the Department of Revenue, on a form prescribed by the department, a numerical list of each former and current chair eligible for the distinctive license tag under this section. The certification shall be submitted not less than 30 days prior to the start of each registration year.
Ala. Code § 32-6-650 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-650
Section 32-6-650 Issuance of Distinctive Plates; Fees; Design
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding Sections 32-6-64, 32-6-67, and 32-6-68, upon application and submission of the appropriate military identification card, Leave and Earnings Statement, or DD214 form to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other license plate issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license tags or plates, and payment of an additional fee of three dollars ($3) for the initial issuance of the tag for a private passenger, pickup truck, or pleasure motor vehicle, the owner of a motor vehicle who is a resident of Alabama and an active or retired member of the United States Air Force, Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Merchant Marine or has been honorably discharged from any of these branches of service shall be issued a military distinctive license plate designating the appropriate branch of service. The tag or plate shall be valid for five years and may then be replaced with either a conventional or new United States Air Force, Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Merchant Marine tag or plate.

(b) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new tag or plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(c) The United States Air Force, Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Merchant Marine military distinctive license plates shall be designed by the Department of Veterans Affairs and approved by the Department of Revenue.

(d) The tags or plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive plates provided for by law.

(e) The Department of Revenue may adopt any rules necessary to administer this section.
Ala. Code § 32-6-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-7
Section 32-6-7 Persons to Whom License Not to Be Issued
Status: in_force

A driver’s license shall not be issued to the following persons:

(1) Any person less than 16 years of age;

(2) Any person whose driving right or privilege is suspended;

(3) Any person whose driving right or privilege is revoked;

(4) Any person who is an habitual abuser of alcohol or drugs;

(5) Any person afflicted with or suffering from a physical or mental disability which, in the opinion of the Director of Public Safety or examining officer will prevent a person from exercising reasonable and ordinary control over a motor vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-6-114 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-114
Section 32-6-114 Provisions Supplementary
Status: in_force

The provisions of this division are supplementary to the laws of this state pertaining to the licensing of motor vehicles, and nothing herein shall be construed as abridging or repealing any of such laws.
Ala. Code § 32-6-231.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-231.1
Section 32-6-231.1 (Effective until January 1, 2026) Military Distinctive License Plate Designation for Handicapped Individuals
Status: reserved

(a) For the purpose of parking spaces reserved for persons with disabilities, the term “military distinctive license plate” includes any of the following: Medal of Honor license plate; Prisoners of War license plate; Purple Heart Medal Recipients license plate; retired military license plate; National Guard license plate; disabled veteran license plate; Pearl Harbor survivors license plate; World War II veterans license plate; Korean War veterans license plate; veterans of the Battle of the Bulge license plate; veterans of Desert Shield/Desert Storm license plate; Vietnam veterans license plate; veterans of the United States Armed Forces exposed to dangerous levels of radiation due to the atomic bomb and weapons testing from 1944 to 1962 license plate; and any subsequently enacted distinctive license plates issued exclusively to veterans.

(b) Any individual qualified to receive a military distinctive license plate pursuant to this chapter, who submits to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official authority medical proof satisfactory to the Commissioner of Revenue that he or she is an individual with a disability in accordance with Public Law 100-641 and rulemaking resulting therefrom, shall be issued a distinctive military license plate which is inscribed with the Dynamic Accessibility Symbol designating the vehicle owner as being an individual with a disability. The Commissioner of Revenue shall adopt procedures for the issuance of these distinctive military license plates containing the Dynamic Accessibility Symbol. Individuals with disabilities displaying these plates shall be allowed to park in parking zones designated reserved for handicapped individuals with disabilities upon the payment of parking fees the same as any other individual.
Ala. Code § 32-6-218 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-218
Section 32-6-218 Department to Design and Supply Tags, Certificates, Etc.; Investigations; Rulemaking Authority; Revocation of Authority
Status: in_force

The department shall prescribe the design and material of the temporary license tags, temporary registration certificates, application forms, and all other notices and forms necessary to carry out this division and shall furnish a supply of the materials to designated agents, manufacturers, dealers, or transporters qualifying under Section 32-6-212 upon request. The department may make necessary investigations to procure information required to carry out this division, may adopt and enforce reasonable rules and regulations to carry out the provisions hereof, and may, after a hearing, revoke the authority to issue temporary license tags or registration certificates of any dealer or other person appointed by the department to act as a designated agent, manufacturer, dealer, or transporter who it finds has failed to faithfully perform his or her duties under this division.
Ala. Code § 32-6-720 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-720
Section 32-6-720 Issuance of Distinctive Plates; Fees; Design
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding Sections 32-6-64, 32-6-65, 32-6-67, and 32-6-68, upon application to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of an additional annual fee of fifty dollars ($50), owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall be issued distinctive “Brain Cancer Research” license plates. These plates shall be valid for five years and may then be replaced with either conventional, personalized, or new “Brain Cancer Research” license plates. Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, the license plates shall only be printed and issued as long as Blazer Bolt, Incorporated qualifies for a distinctive license plate category pursuant to Section 32-6-64, for passenger cars, pickup trucks, and self-propelled campers or house cars.

(b) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(c) Blazer Bolt, Incorporated shall be responsible for the design of the distinctive license plate subject to approval by the Commissioner of Revenue and compliance with all laws and rules.

(d) The annual fee for the distinctive plates shall be distributed in accordance with Section 32-6-68. The Blazer Bolt, Incorporated portion of the fee shall be used to provide funding for brain cancer research in the State of Alabama.

(e) The Department of Revenue may adopt rules to implement this section.
Ala. Code § 32-6-551 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-551
Section 32-6-551 Distribution of Proceeds
Status: in_force

(a) The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the “Proud of Our Indian Heritage” distinctive plates less administrative costs, including the costs of production incurred by the Revenue Department in producing the plates, shall be distributed by each judge of probate or license commissioner to the state Comptroller. The state Comptroller shall distribute the net proceeds monthly to the Alabama Indian Affairs Commission which shall evenly distribute 50 percent of the proceeds to the tribes represented on the commission and recognized by the State of Alabama. The funds shall be used for cultural, educational, and economic development purposes.

(b) The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the “Alabama Poultry Foundation” distinctive plates, less administrative costs including the costs of production incurred by the Department of Corrections in producing the plates, shall be distributed by each judge of probate or license commissioner to the state Comptroller. Thereafter, the state Comptroller shall distribute the net proceeds monthly to the Alabama Poultry Foundation.
Ala. Code § 32-6-521 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-521
Section 32-6-521 Misuse of Registered Trademarks
Status: in_force

The State of Alabama, political subdivisions, and its agencies shall not be liable for the misuse of any registered trademarks that are used in the design of the distinctive tags issued pursuant to this division.
Ala. Code § 32-9A-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9A / Section 32-9A-4
Section 32-9A-4 Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) Any person violating Section 32-9A-2(a)(1) shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars ($25) nor more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) for each offense. In addition, the court may impose a sentence of imprisonment in the county jail, not to exceed 30 days, for each offense.

(b) Any person violating Section 32-9A-2(a)(2)a. or a motor carrier violating Section 32-9A-2(a)(2)b. shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punished by a fine of not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) for each offense.

(c) Any operator of a commercial motor vehicle violating Section 32-9A-2(a)(2)a. in which a metal coil drops, falls, spills, shifts, or otherwise escapes from the vehicle shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punished by a fine of not less than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) nor more than five thousand dollars ($5,000).

(d) Any person violating Section 32-9A-2(a)(3) shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punished by a fine of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000).

(e) In addition to the other penalties for a violation of subdivisions (2) or (3) of Section 32-9A-2(a), the court may impose a sentence of imprisonment in the county jail, not to exceed one year, for each conviction under subdivisions (2) or (3) of Section 32-9A-2(a).

(f) In addition to other punishment fixed by law, the court may enter an order prohibiting the person from operating any commercial motor vehicle for a period to be specified by the court, or perpetually, as the court may determine.
Ala. Code § 32-6-350.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-350.1
Section 32-6-350.1 Issuance of Distinctive Tags; Fees; Legislative Oversight
Status: in_force

(a) Upon payment of an annual fee of fifty dollars ($50), which shall not be prorated, any Vietnam veteran, Pearl Harbor survivor veteran, World War II veteran, Korean War veteran, Battle of the Bulge veteran, Desert Shield/Desert Storm veteran, veteran of the Armed Forces exposed to dangerous levels of radiation due to the atomic bomb and weapons testing from 1944 to 1962, Operation Iraqi Freedom veteran, Operation Enduring Freedom-Afghanistan veteran, veteran of the Cold War serving at any time between September 2, 1945, and December 26, 1991, or veteran of Operation Inherent Resolve eligible to be issued distinctive license tags pursuant to law, shall be issued personalized license tags upon which, in lieu of the numbers and symbols on the distinctive veteran license tags or plates, shall be inscribed with special letters, figures, numbers, or other marks, emblems, symbols, or badges of distinction or personal prestige, or a combination of these, as are approved for and assigned to the application by the Department of Revenue.

(b) The personalized license tags provided for in this section shall be issued, printed, processed, and renewed in the same manner as other personalized tags in Section 32-6-150.

(c) Fees collected pursuant to this section shall be transmitted timely to the state Comptroller. After payment to the Department of Corrections for its costs for manufacturing and the administration of the personalized veteran license plates provided for by subsection (a), with the exception of fees collected for Vietnam veteran personalized plates, the entire balance of fees shall be transferred by the state Comptroller into the Alabama Veteran’s Assistance Fund in the State Treasury. For each Vietnam veteran personalized plate, after payment to the Department of Corrections for its costs for manufacturing and the administration of the personalized Vietnam veteran license plates, twenty dollars ($20) for each plate sold shall be distributed to the Vietnam Veterans of America, Inc., Alabama State Council, to be used to assist Vietnam veterans, and the remaining balance shall be transferred by the state Comptroller into the Alabama Veteran’s Assistance Fund in the State Treasury.

(d) Fees paid pursuant to this section are a charitable contribution from the purchaser to the Alabama Veteran’s Assistance Fund.

(e) This section shall not affect the purchase of any veteran’s tag that is not personalized.

(f) License tags issued pursuant to this section shall be subject to the legislative oversight committee pursuant to Section 32-6-67.
Ala. Code § 32-7C-32 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7C / Section 32-7C-32
Section 32-7C-32 Nondiscrimination Policy
Status: in_force

(a) A TNC shall adopt a policy of nondiscrimination against riders or potential riders who are protected by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000e et. seq. or the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990.

(b) TNC drivers shall comply with all applicable laws relating to the transportation of service animals.

(c) A TNC may not impose additional charges for providing services to individuals with physical disabilities because of those disabilities.
Ala. Code § 32-10-7 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 10 / Section 32-10-7
Section 32-10-7 Written Reports of Accidents; Release of Information
Status: in_force

(a) Every law enforcement officer who in the regular course of duty investigates a motor vehicle accident, either at the time of and at the scene of the accident or thereafter by interviewing participants or witnesses, shall, within 24 hours after completing such investigation, forward the necessary completed written report or copy thereof of such accident to the director on the uniform accident report form supplied by the director. Local police departments, and their contracted agents, may retain copies of the written reports.

(b) Accident reports prepared pursuant to this section shall be made available pursuant to Section 32-2-8, to a news-gathering organization solely for the purpose of publishing or broadcasting the news. The news-gathering organization shall not use or distribute the report, or knowingly allow its use or distribution, for a commercial purpose other than the news-gathering organization’s publication or broadcasting of the information in the report. A newspaper, periodical, or radio or television station shall not be held to have used or knowingly allowed the use of the report for a commercial purpose merely because of its publication or broadcast. The news-gathering organization shall not distribute the report or any of the contents of the report, including personal information contained in the report, to any third party for any other purpose. For 30 days following the accident, the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall limit any personal identifying information contained in any accident report released pursuant to this subsection to the name and age of the person involved. The complete report shall be made available after that date, excluding any juvenile information or personal information as defined by 18 U.S.C. § 2725. Except as provided above and in subsection (c), disclosure of accident reports shall be made only under the following circumstances:

(1) When the identity of a person involved in an accident is not otherwise known or when he or she denies his or her presence at an accident.

(2) When disclosure is directed by a properly executed subpoena or court order.

(3) When requested by any of the following persons:

a. A person involved in the accident made the basis of the accident report, including, but not limited to, drivers of and passengers in the automobiles and pedestrians involved in the accident that is the subject of the report.

b. A parent or guardian of a minor who is a person involved in the accident made the basis of the accident report.

c. A personal representative, executor, or other legal representative of the estate of a deceased person who was involved in the accident made the basis of the accident report. Where no personal representative has been appointed by a probate court of competent jurisdiction regarding the probate or administration of the estate of a decedent, any heir of the decedent shall be authorized to receive an accident report. The authority of the heir to act on behalf of the decedent shall terminate upon the appointment of a personal representative of the estate of the decedent. The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency or local law enforcement agency may rely upon the affidavit of the heir stating that he or she meets the requirements of this section and that a personal representative has not been appointed by a probate court with respect to the estate of the decedent. For purposes of this section, heir means a person who is entitled to a distribution from the estate of an intestate decedent or a person who would be entitled to a distribution from the estate of a testate decedent if that decedent had died intestate.

d. An insurer or its written designee of a person involved in the accident made the basis of the accident report, if the purpose of the request is for insurance business purposes.

e. An attorney of a person involved in the accident made the basis of the accident report, or an employee of the attorney. The attorney or employee of the attorney shall provide written signed consent by the represented person to request the report.

f. A governmental entity responsible for either maintenance, repair, and oversight of the public road or bridge on which the accident occurred or for law enforcement investigations.

g. An owner or lienholder of an automobile in the accident that is the subject of the report.

(c) The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, as a matter of public safety, may contract with an outside entity and release vehicle damage data extracted from accident reports to such an entity for the purpose of providing the public a means of determining a vehicle’s accident history. The department may contract with a third party to provide electronic access to reports for persons and entities who are entitled to such reports under subsection (b).

(d) No disclosure is required of any information prohibited by 18 U.S.C. § 2721.
Ala. Code § 32-6-62 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-62
Section 32-6-62 Validity Periods for License Plates
Status: in_force

(a) Subject to subsection (b), all motor vehicle license plate designs shall be valid for not less than five years. The Commissioner of Revenue, with the approval of the License Plates Legislative Oversight Committee established by Section 32-6-67, may authorize a license plate design to be valid for more than five years.

(b) Subsection (a) shall not affect any law which designates a license plate design to be permanent.
Ala. Code § 32-5-313 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-313
Section 32-5-313 Disposition of Funds
Status: in_force

All moneys collected pursuant to Section 12-14-14 and Section 12-19-1, et seq., for disbursement to the State Drivers’ Fund shall be forwarded by the officer of the court who collects the same to the State Treasurer, no less than once a month and not later than the 15th day of each month. All amounts so received shall be credited to special funds to be designated the “Driver Education and Training Fund,” “Alabama College System Truck Driver Training Consortium Fund,” the “Catastrophic Trust Fund for Special Education,” and the “Alabama Traffic Safety Center Fund,” and of the amounts so received, an amount equal to 21 percent thereof is hereby appropriated to the State Department of Education for the sole purpose of instituting and conducting a program of prelicensing driver education and training; an amount equal to 36 percent thereof is hereby appropriated to the state Department of Postsecondary Education to be distributed equally to the entities comprising the Alabama College System Truck Driver Training Consortium on July 29, 1991, for the sole purpose of instituting and conducting programs of truck driver education and training as outlined by the U.S. Department of Transportation with support and recommendations from the transportation industry within such Alabama College System Truck Driver Training Consortium; provided, however, that these funds shall be expended only by institutions under the control of the State Board of Education; an amount equal to 10 percent thereof is hereby appropriated to the Alabama Traffic Safety Center Fund for the sole purpose of conducting programs in traffic safety, motorcycle safety, and boating safety by the center; an amount equal to 3 percent is hereby appropriated to the State Safety Coordinating Committee for payment of administrative expenses incurred in its programs; and the remaining 30 percent is hereby appropriated to the Catastrophic Trust Fund for Special Education to be administered by the State Department of Education except that before the above distribution occurs, the amount equivalent to an amount generated by one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) of the above increase shall be transferred to the Highway Traffic Safety Fund for the Department of Public Safety and is hereby appropriated to the Department of Public Safety for law enforcement purposes.
Ala. Code § 32-20-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-4
Section 32-20-4 Transaction Fees
Status: in_force

(a) There shall be paid to the department for issuing and processing documents required by this chapter a fee of fifteen dollars ($15) for each unit of a manufactured home required to be titled under Section 32-20-20 for the following transactions:

(1) Each application for certificate of title.

(2) Each application for replacement or corrected certificate of title.

(3) Each application for certificate of title after transfer.

(4) Each notice of security interest.

(5) Each assignment by lienholder.

(6) Each application for cancellation of a certificate of origin or certificate of title.

(7) Each application for information as to the status of the title of a manufactured home. Such information shall be treated in the same manner as prescribed by state and federal statutes, rules, and regulations regarding the confidentiality and disclosure of motor vehicle records.

(b) The designated agents shall add the sum of one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) for each transaction, as specified in subsection (a), processed for which this fee is charged to be retained as the agent’s commission for services rendered, and all other fees collected shall be remitted to the department in a manner prescribed by the department.

(c) If more than one transaction is involved in any application on a single manufactured home and if supported by all required documents, the fee charged by the department and by the designated agent for processing and issuing shall be considered as only one transaction for which the designated agent shall receive and retain one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) and shall collect and remit to the department fifteen dollars ($15).

(d) A fee of five dollars ($5) shall be added for each transaction, as specified in subdivisions (1), (3), and (6) of subsection (a), for each unit of a manufactured home required to be titled under Section 32-20-20, to be distributed to the nonprofit 501(c)(3) foundation known as the Alabama Housing Foundation.

(e) Every transaction shall be accompanied by the fee specified in this chapter, regardless of whether the title is issued electronically or not, unless specifically exempted by this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-9-25 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-25
Section 32-9-25 Exemptions - Length
Status: in_force

There shall be exempt from this article as to length, detachable wind deflection devices which have been approved by the State Department of Transportation, loads of poles, logs, lumber, laminated wood building materials, structural steel, piping, and timber, and vehicles transporting same. Trucks, trailers, and semitrailers which are constructed and used exclusively for the hauling of livestock, shall also be exempt from the restrictions of this article as to length, but shall not exceed 65 feet in length.
Ala. Code § 32-20-8 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-8
Section 32-20-8 Enforcement
Status: in_force

The department is charged with the enforcement of the provisions of this chapter and may call upon any and all law enforcement agencies and officers of this state for such assistance as it deems necessary in order to assure such enforcement and it shall be the duty of such law enforcement agencies and officers to render such assistance to the department when called upon by it to do so.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-30 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-30
Section 32-5A-30 Uniform Marking of Highways and Erection of Traffic-Control Devices
Status: in_force

(a) The Department of Transportation is authorized to classify, designate, and mark both interstate and intrastate highways lying within the boundaries of this state.

(b) The Department of Transportation shall adopt a manual and specifications for a uniform system of traffic-control devices consistent with the provisions of this chapter and other state laws for use upon highways within this state. Such uniform system shall correlate with and so far as possible conform to the system set forth in the most recent edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic-Control Devices for Streets and Highways and other standards issued or endorsed by the federal highway administrator.

(c) No local authority shall place or maintain any traffic-control device upon any highway under the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation except by the latter’s permission.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-3
Section 32-7A-3 Powers and Duties of Department
Status: in_force

(a) The department shall administer and enforce the provisions of this chapter and shall make such reasonable rules and regulations concerning any matter administered in this chapter and shall provide for hearings upon the request of persons aggrieved by orders or acts of the department under the provisions of this chapter.

(b) The department may prescribe and provide suitable notices and forms necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter.

(c) The department:

(1) May make necessary investigations to procure information required to carry out the provisions of this chapter.

(2) Shall suspend the motor vehicle registrations pursuant to the provisions of this chapter.

(3) Shall require insurance companies doing business in this state to regularly report the vehicle identification numbers covered by their mandatory liability insurance policies in a manner specified by the department.

(4) May operate a pilot program to study the extent of the uninsured motorist problem in this state, to make operational changes that it sees necessary in order to reduce the number of uninsured motorists, and to manage the registration selection, suspension, and reinstatement processes in the most productive manner possible. Funding for the pilot program, including performance-based or fixed fees, or both, shall be derived from registration reinstatement fees.

(5) May enter into a personal services contract with a consulting firm having personnel with extensive operational and management experience in the development, deployment, and operation of insurance verification programs. This firm shall assist in operating a pilot program by analyzing and using available data to share nationally-recognized best practices for operating insurance verification programs, to study existing and planned practices and implement recommendations for improvement, and to have responsibility for reducing uninsured motorist rates in this state.

(d) At any time within 30 calendar days after the rendition of any suspension, or decision under the provisions of this chapter, any person may appeal to the administrative law judge pursuant to Section 40-2A-8. After exhausting his or her appeal rights provided under Section 40-2A-8, and, upon providing evidence of payment of the reinstatement fee provided in this chapter, the person may appeal to the circuit court. The appeals to the administrative law judge or circuit court shall be as provided in Section 40-2A-9.
Ala. Code § 32-9C-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9C / Section 32-9C-1
Section 32-9C-1 Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) ADS-EQUIPPED VEHICLE. A vehicle equipped with an automated driving system.

(2) AUTOMATED DRIVING SYSTEM or ADS. The hardware and software that are collectively capable of performing the entire dynamic driving task on a sustained basis regardless of whether it is limited to a specific operational design domain.

(3) CONVENTIONAL HUMAN DRIVER. An individual, licensed or otherwise permitted by law to operate a vehicle, who manually exercises in-vehicle braking, accelerating, steering, and transmission gear selection input devices in order to operate a vehicle.

(4) DYNAMIC DRIVING TASK or DDT. All of the real-time operational and tactical functions required to operate a vehicle in on-road traffic, excluding the strategic functions such as trip scheduling and selection of destinations and waypoints, including, but not limited to:

a. Lateral vehicle motion control via steering.

b. Longitudinal vehicle motion control via acceleration and deceleration.

c. Monitoring the driving environment via object and event detection, recognition, classification, and response preparation.

d. Object and event response execution.

e. Maneuver planning.

f. Enhancing conspicuity via lighting, signaling, and gesturing.

(5) FULLY AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE. A motor vehicle equipped with an automated driving system designed to function without a human driver as a Level 4 or Level 5 automation system under the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J3016.

(6) MINIMAL RISK CONDITION. A stable, stopped condition to which a user or an automated driving system may bring a vehicle after performing the DDT fallback in order to reduce the risk of a crash when a given trip cannot or should not be continued.

(7) ON-DEMAND AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE NETWORK. A transportation service or network that uses a software application or other digital means to dispatch or otherwise enable the prearrangement of transportation with ADS-equipped vehicles for purposes of transporting passengers or goods, including for-hire transportation and transportation of passengers or goods for compensation.

(8) OPERATIONAL DESIGN DOMAIN or ODD. Operating conditions under which a given ADS or feature thereof is specifically designed to function, including, but not limited to, environmental, geographical, and time-of-day restrictions, and the requisite presence or absence of certain traffic or roadway characteristics.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-13 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-13
Section 32-7A-13 Effect of Suspension
Status: in_force

All officials authorized by law to register motor vehicles, issue motor vehicle license plates, and to perform other duties in connection with the issuance of motor vehicle license plates shall refuse to register or re-register a motor vehicle or refuse to transfer the license plates if the registration is suspended pursuant to Section 32-7A-12.
Ala. Code § 32-8-36 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-36
Section 32-8-36 Application for Certificate with Bond or Cash
Status: in_force

If the department is not satisfied as to the ownership of the vehicle or that there are no undisclosed security interests in it, the department may accept the application but shall either:

(1) Withhold issuance of a certificate of title until the applicant presents documents reasonably sufficient to satisfy the department as to the applicant’s ownership of the vehicle and that there are no undisclosed security interests on it; or

(2) As a condition of issuing a certificate of title, require the applicant to file with the department a bond in the form prescribed by the department and executed by the applicant, and executed by a person authorized to conduct a surety business in this state. The bond shall be in an amount prescribed by the department and conditioned to indemnify any prior owner and lienholder and any subsequent purchaser of the vehicle or person acquiring any security interest in it, and their respective successors in interest, against any expense, loss, or damage, including reasonable attorney’s fees, by reason of the issuance of the certificate of title of the vehicle or on account of any defect in or undisclosed security interest upon the right, title and interest of the applicant in and to the vehicle. Any such interested person has a right of action to recover on the bond for any breach of its conditions, but the aggregate liability of the surety to all persons shall not exceed the amount of the bond. The bond shall be returned at the end of three years or prior thereto if the vehicle is no longer registered in this state and the currently valid certificate of title is surrendered to the department, unless the department has been notified of the pendency of an action to recover on the bond.

(3) The department may establish uniform bond amounts for vehicles.
Ala. Code § 32-2-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 2 / Section 32-2-6
Section 32-2-6 Compensation and Expenses of Officers, Employees, Etc. - Method of Payment Generally
Status: in_force

The compensation of the officers, agents, and employees provided for by this chapter shall be paid by warrants drawn by the Comptroller on the funds appropriated by the Legislature therefor as the salaries of state officials and employees are paid, and the necessary expenses and costs of necessary equipment are likewise to be paid by warrant drawn by the Comptroller on the funds appropriated by the Legislature therefor, and the amount to be expended hereunder shall be limited to the amount appropriated therefor by the Legislature and shall be budgeted, allotted, and expended pursuant to Article 4 of Chapter 4 of Title 41 of this Code.
Ala. Code § 32-6-49.9 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-49.9
Section 32-6-49.9 Application for Commercial Driver License, Learner’s Permit, or Instruction Permit; Fees; Selective Service Registration
Status: in_force

(a) An application for a commercial driver license or learner’s permit shall be processed as provided in this section. The application for a commercial driver license, learner’s permit, or commercial driver instruction permit shall include all of the following:

(1) The full name and current mailing address of the person, including his or her residential address, if different.

(2) A physical description of the person including sex, height, weight, eye and hair color.

(3) Date of birth.

(4) The applicant’s Social Security number.

(5) The person’s signature.

(6) The person’s color photograph.

(7) Certifications including those required by 49 C.F.R. part 383.71 (a).

(8) Any other information required by the department.

(9) A signed consent to release driving record information.

The application shall be accompanied by an application fee of twenty-five dollars ($25).

In addition, the following fees shall be paid where applicable:

a. A person may apply for a retest of the written portion of the license test for an additional fee of fifteen dollars ($15).

b. A person may apply to have the skills portion of the license test administered by the department for a fee of twenty dollars ($20).

c. A person applying for an endorsement to his or her license shall pay the application fee.

d. A person applying for a hazardous materials endorsement shall pay an additional fee as set by the department to cover the costs of doing a background check, the fee not to exceed the actual cost of doing the required background check.

The additional revenue from the additional fees collected pursuant to the application fee prescribed in subsection (a) shall be deposited as follows: Seventy-five cents ($.75) from each commercial driver’s license or learner’s permit application fee shall be deposited in the Peace Officer’s Annuity and Benefit Fund, and the remainder of any additional fees collected shall be deposited in the State General Fund. The additional revenue from the additional fees collected pursuant to paragraphs a., b., and c. shall be distributed to the Highway Traffic Safety Fund of the Department of Public Safety. The additional revenue from the additional fee collected pursuant to paragraph d. shall be deposited in the Public Safety Automated Fingerprint Identification System Fund to be appropriated to and expended by the Department of Public Safety in accordance with Section 32-2-61.

(b) When the holder of a commercial driver license changes his or her name, mailing address, or residence, an application for a duplicate license shall be made as provided by law.

(c) No person who has been a resident of this state for 30 days may drive a commercial motor vehicle under the authority of a commercial driver license issued by another jurisdiction.

(d) Any person who knowingly falsifies information or certifications required under subsection (a) is subject to suspension, revocation, or cancellation of his or her commercial driver license for a period of at least 60 consecutive days.

(e)(1) Any male applicant who applies for a commercial driver license or a commercial driver instruction permit or a renewal of the license or permit who is at least 18 years of age, but less than 26 years of age, shall be registered in compliance with the requirements of Section 3 of the Military Selective Service Act, 50 App. U.S.C.A. Sec. 453, as amended.

(2) The Department of Public Safety shall forward in an electronic format the necessary personal information of the applicants identified in subdivision (1) to the Selective Service System. The applicant’s signature on the application shall serve as an indication that the applicant either has already registered with the Selective Service System or that he is authorizing the department to forward to the Selective Service System the necessary information for registration. The department shall notify the applicant at the time of application that his signature constitutes consent to registration with the Selective Service System, if he is not already registered.
Ala. Code § 32-8-86 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-86
Section 32-8-86 Removed, Falsified or Unauthorized Identification Number, Registration or License Plate; Seizure of Vehicle, Part, Etc., When Number Altered, Etc.; Disposition of Forfeited Property
Status: in_force

(a) A person who willfully removes or falsifies an identification number of a vehicle, engine, transmission or other identifiable component part of a vehicle is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and shall be punished as required by law.

(b) A person who, willfully and with intent to conceal or misrepresent the identity of a vehicle, engine, transmission or other identifiable component part of a vehicle or removes or falsifies an identification number of the same is guilty of a Class C felony and shall be punished as required by law.

(c) A person who buys, receives, possesses, sells or disposes of a vehicle, or an engine, transmission or other identifiable component part of a vehicle, knowing that an identification number of the same has been removed or falsified, is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and shall be punished as required by law.

(d) A person who buys, receives, possesses, sells or disposes of a vehicle, engine, transmission or other identifiable component part of a vehicle, with knowledge that an identification number of same has been removed or falsified and with intent to conceal or misrepresent the identity of same is guilty of a Class C felony and shall be punished as required by law.

(e) A person who removes a license plate or tag from a vehicle or affixes to a vehicle a license plate or tag not authorized by law for use on it, in either case with intent to conceal or misrepresent the identity of a vehicle or its owner, is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and shall be punished as required by law.

(f) As used in this section:

(1) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. Such term includes an identifying number, serial number, engine number or other distinguishing number or mark placed on a vehicle, engine, transmission or other component part of a vehicle, by its manufacturer or by authority of the department or in accordance with the laws of another state or country.

(2) REMOVE. Such term includes deface, cover and destroy.

(3) FALSIFY. Such term includes alter and forge.

(4) IDENTIFIABLE COMPONENT PART. Such term includes any part of a vehicle that an identifying number stamped or placed on it by the manufacturer or other authorized person or any part that can be identified by other means as being a part of a particular vehicle.

(g) An identification number may be placed on a vehicle, engine, transmission, or other identifiable component part of a vehicle, by its manufacturer in the regular course of business or placed or restored on same by authority of the department without violating this section; an identification number so placed or restored is not falsified.

(h) Any vehicle, engine, transmission, or other identifiable component part, wherein the identification number or numbers appear to be altered, or removed may be seized and detained by law enforcement officials for a reasonable period of time for determination of the true identity of the vehicle, engine, transmission, or other component parts. Any item seized by law enforcement officials, wherein ownership cannot be determined shall be contraband and subject to forfeiture.

(i) Any seized item taken or retained under this section shall not be subject to replevin but is deemed to be in the custody of the state, county or municipal law enforcement agency subject only to the orders and judgment of the court having jurisdiction over the forfeiture proceedings.

(j) Any vehicle which has been reported stolen and subsequently recovered by law enforcement officials may be returned to the person claiming ownership upon proper ownership documentation. However, any recovered vehicle wherein ownership is in question shall be returned subject only to the orders of a circuit court having jurisdiction of the matter.

(k) No civil liability shall attach to any law enforcement official acting in good faith under this section.

(l) When property is forfeited under this section, the state, county, or municipal law enforcement agency may with approval of a court of competent jurisdiction:

(1) Retain it for official use.

(2) Have it placed in a crusher and destroyed.

(3) Any vehicle which is retained for official use under this section, shall be placed in a crusher and destroyed, upon its becoming unserviceable.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-111 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-111
Section 32-5A-111 Vehicle Turning Left
Status: in_force

The driver of a vehicle intending to turn to the left within an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is within the intersection or so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard.
Ala. Code § 32-7-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-6
Section 32-7-6 Security Required; Suspensions; Applicability
Status: in_force

(a) If 20 days after the receipt of a report of a motor vehicle accident within this state which has resulted in bodily injury or death, or damage to the property of any one person in excess of five hundred dollars ($500), the director does not have on file evidence satisfactory that the person who would otherwise be required to file security under subsection (b) of this section has been released from liability, or has been finally adjudicated not to be liable, or has executed a duly acknowledged written agreement or conditional release providing for the payment of an agreed amount in installments with respect to all claims for injuries or damages resulting from the accident, which agreement or conditional release may include reasonable interest as set out in Section 32-7-7, the director shall determine the amount of security which shall be sufficient in his or her judgment to satisfy any judgment or judgments for damages resulting from the accident as may be recovered against each operator or owner.

(b) The director shall, within 60 days after the receipt of the report of a motor vehicle accident, suspend the license of each operator and all registrations of each owner of a motor vehicle in any manner involved in the accident, and if the operator is a nonresident the privilege of operating a motor vehicle within this state, and if the owner is a nonresident the privilege of the use within this state of any motor vehicle personally owned, unless the operator or owner or both shall deposit security in the sum so determined by the director. Notice of the suspension shall be sent by the director to the operator and owner, not less than 10 days prior to the effective date of the suspension, and shall state the amount required as security. Where erroneous information is given the director with respect to the matters set forth in subdivisions (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (c) of this section, he or she shall take appropriate action as provided within 60 days after receipt by the director of correct information with respect to these matters. Upon applying for reinstatement for suspension imposed under this section, no reinstatement fees shall be assessed if proper documentation is provided to the director that acceptable insurance was in effect at the time of the motor vehicle accident.

(c) This section shall not apply under the conditions stated in Section 32-7-7 nor in any one of the following if:

(1) The operator or owner if the owner had in effect at the time of the accident an automobile liability policy with respect to the motor vehicle involved in the accident.

(2) The operator, if not the owner of the motor vehicle, if there was in effect at the time of the accident an automobile liability policy or bond with respect to the operation of motor vehicles not owned by him or her.

(3) The operator or owner if the liability of the operator or owner for damages resulting from the accident is, in the judgment of the director, covered by any other form of liability insurance policy or bond.

(4) Any person qualifying as a self-insurer under Section 32-7-34, or to any person operating a motor vehicle for the self-insurer.

No policy or bond shall be effective under this section unless issued by an insurance company or surety company authorized to do business in this state unless the motor vehicle was not registered in this state, or was a motor vehicle which was registered elsewhere than in this state at the effective date of the policy or bond, or the most recent renewal thereof. The policy or bond shall not be effective under this section unless the insurance company or surety company, if not authorized to do business in this state, shall execute a power of attorney authorizing the director to accept service on its behalf of notice or process in any action upon the policy or bond arising out of the accident provided, that every policy or bond is subject, if the accident has resulted in bodily injury or death, to a limit, exclusive of interest and costs, of not less than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) because of bodily injury to or death to one person in any one accident and subject to the limit for one person, to a limit of not less than fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one accident, and, if the accident has resulted in injury to or destruction of property, to a limit of not less than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident.
Ala. Code § 32-6-111 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-111
Section 32-6-111 Preparation; Issuance; Proof to Be Submitted by Applicant; Use
Status: in_force

The distinctive license plates provided for in this division shall be prepared by the Commissioner of Revenue and shall be issued through the judge of probate or license commissioner of the several counties of the state in like manner as are other motor vehicle license plates or tags, and such officers shall be entitled to their regular fees for such service. Applicants for such distinctive plates shall present to the issuing official proof of their membership in the National Guard or Air National Guard of Alabama by means of certificate signed by the commanding officer of such applicant on forms prescribed by the Adjutant General of Alabama. The distinctive license plates or tags so issued shall be used only upon and for personally-owned, private, passenger vehicles (to include station wagons and pick-up trucks) registered in the name of the member of the national guard and air national guard making application therefor and, when so issued to such applicant, shall be used upon the vehicle for which issued in lieu of the standard license plates or license tags normally issued for such vehicle. In addition to use of such distinctive license plates or tags on such personally-owned vehicles, such distinctive plates or tags may be used on state-owned vehicles operated by the state military department provided the prefix “S” is placed ahead of the number thereon. Motor vehicles for which so issued shall be registered by the proper official as are other motor vehicles.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-58.1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-58.1
Section 32-5A-58.1 Yielding Right-of-Way to Stationary Authorized Emergency Vehicle
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2009-577, p. 1695, §4, effective August 1, 2009.
Ala. Code § 32-9B-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9B / Section 32-9B-4
Section 32-9B-4 Automated Commercial Vehicles - Owner of Vehicle Considered Its Operator; License to Operate
Status: in_force

(a) The owner of an automated commercial vehicle, or the lessee if the vehicle is leased or rented, is considered the operator of the vehicle for the purpose of assessing compliance with applicable traffic or motor vehicle laws, including the rules of the road.

(b) The automated driving system is considered to be licensed to operate the vehicle.
Ala. Code § 32-5-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-3
Section 32-5-3 Loading from Ramps, Platforms, or Other Devices
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful and constitute a misdemeanor for any person to park or place any vehicle upon the public highway opposite or at or near a ramp or any other constructed platform, or any other loading device, and take on or be loaded therefrom.

Any person violating this section upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not less than $25.00 nor more than $100.00, or by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than 10 days, nor more than 30 days, or by both fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-135 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-135
Section 32-5A-135 Method of Giving Hand and Arm Signals
Status: in_force

All signals herein required given by hand and arm shall be given from the left side of the vehicle in the following manner and such signals shall indicate as follows:

(1) LEFT TURN. Hand and arm extended horizontally.

(2) RIGHT TURN. Hand and arm extended upward.

(3) STOP OR DECREASE SPEED. Hand and arm extended downward.
Ala. Code § 32-6-363 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-363
Section 32-6-363 Distinctive License Plates or Tags Not Transferable
Status: in_force

The distinctive license plates or tags issued pursuant to this division shall not be transferable between motor vehicle owners, and in the event the owner of a vehicle bearing the distinctive plates sells, trades, exchanges, or otherwise disposes of the motor vehicle, the plates shall be retained by the owner to whom issued and returned to the judge of probate or license commissioner of the county, who shall receive and account for the tags or plates as provided in this section. In the event the owner acquires by purchase, trade, exchange, or otherwise a vehicle for which no standard plates have been issued during the current license period, the judge of probate or license commissioner of the county shall, upon being furnished by the owner proper certification of the acquisition of the vehicle and the payment of the motor vehicle license tax due upon the vehicle, authorize the transfer of the distinctive license plates or tags previously purchased by the owner to the vehicle, which plates or tags shall authorize the operation of the vehicle for the remainder of the then current license period. In the event the owner of the distinctive license plates or tags acquires by purchase, trade, exchange, or otherwise a vehicle for which standard plates have been issued during the current license year, the judge of probate or license commissioner shall, upon proper certification of the owner and upon delivery to the official of the standard plates previously issued for the vehicle, authorize the owner of the newly-acquired vehicle to place the distinctive license plates or tags previously purchased upon the vehicle and use the plates for the remainder of the then current license period. The notice of transfer of ownership shall be made of record by the judge of probate or the license commissioner.

Any person acquiring by purchase, trade, exchange, or otherwise any vehicle formerly bearing the distinctive plates may, upon certification of the fact to the judge of probate or license commissioner of the county and the payment of the fee now required by law, purchase standard replacement plates for the vehicle which shall authorize the operation of the vehicle by the new owner for the remainder of the license period.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-286 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-286
Section 32-5A-286 Establishment of More Comprehensive Bicycle Safety Program by Ordinance
Status: in_force

A municipality may establish a more comprehensive bicycle safety program than that imposed by this article by local ordinance.
Ala. Code § 32-6-155.2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-155.2
Section 32-6-155.2 “In Memory” License Plate Honoring Deceased Family Members
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding Sections 32-6-64, 32-6-67, and 32-6-68, upon application to the judge of probate or license commissioner, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license plates for private passenger or pleasure motor vehicles, and payment of an additional annual fee of fifty dollars ($50), owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama shall upon request be issued a personalized “In Memory” license plate honoring deceased family members.

(b) These plates shall be valid for five years and may then be replaced with a personalized license plate.

(c) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(d) The plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other personalized plates provided for by law and shall be furnished for the licensing year commencing January 1, 2016.

(e) The State Revenue Department shall prescribe for identification purposes any number or symbol necessary to the language requested by a person for an “In Memory” license plate issued.

(f) The additional revenues derived from the sales of the distinctive motor vehicle license plates shall be distributed monthly to the State General Fund.
Ala. Code § 32-6-640 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-640
Section 32-6-640 Issuance of Distinctive Plates; Fees; Design
Status: reserved

REPEALED BY ACT 2023-513, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2024.

(a) Notwithstanding Sections 32-6-64, 32-6-67, and 32-6-68, upon application and submission of an identification card, leave and earnings statement, or a DD214 form to the judge of probate, license commissioner, or other license issuing official, compliance with motor vehicle registration and licensing laws, payment of regular fees required by law for license tags or plates for private passenger, pickup trucks, or pleasure motor vehicles, owners of motor vehicles who are residents of Alabama and are active or retired members or honorably discharged from the U.S. Marine Corps shall be issued distinctive U.S. Marine Corps license tags or plates. These tags or plates shall be valid for five years, and may then be replaced with either conventional or new U.S. Marine Corps tags or plates.

(b) Active members of the U.S. Marine Corps shall pay an additional fee of three dollars ($3) in the year the license plate is issued. Retired and honorably discharged members of the U.S. Marine Corps shall pay an annual additional fee of twenty-five dollars ($25).

(c) Payment of required license fees and taxes for the years during which a new tag or plate is not issued shall be evidenced as provided in Section 32-6-63.

(d) The U.S. Marine Corps license plate shall be designed by the Department of Alabama Marine Corps League and approved by the Department of Revenue.

(e) The tags or plates shall be issued, printed, and processed like other distinctive plates provided for by law.

(f) The net proceeds of the additional revenues derived from sales of the distinctive plates, less administrative costs including the costs of production incurred by the Department of Corrections in producing the plates, shall be distributed by each judge of probate, license commissioner, or other license issuing official to the state Comptroller. The state Comptroller shall distribute the proceeds monthly to the Department of Alabama Marine Corps League.

(g) The Department of Revenue may promulgate any rules necessary to administer this section.
Ala. Code § 32-7-15 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-15
Section 32-7-15 Suspension to Continue until Judgments Paid and Proof Given
Status: in_force

The license, registration, and nonresident’s operating privilege shall remain suspended and shall not be renewed, nor shall any such license or registration be thereafter issued in the name of such person, including any such person not previously licensed, unless and until every judgment is stayed, satisfied in full or to the extent hereinafter provided and until the said person gives proof of financial responsibility subject to the exemptions stated in Sections 32-7-14 and 32-7-17.

A discharge in bankruptcy following the rendering of any such judgment shall not relieve the judgment debtor from any of the requirements of this section and Sections 32-7-13 and 32-7-14.
Ala. Code § 32-5B-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5B / Section 32-5B-3
Section 32-5B-3 Legislative Findings
Status: in_force

The Legislature finds that it is the policy of the State of Alabama that all precautionary measures be taken to save the lives of the state’s citizens from vehicle accidents and thereby, to preserve the most valuable resource of the state.
Ala. Code § 32-6-211 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-211
Section 32-6-211 Issuance of Temporary License Tag and Registration Certificate
Status: in_force

Each designated agent shall, upon proper application, issue to the owner of a motor vehicle which is to be permanently licensed in some state other than Alabama a temporary license tag to be affixed to such motor vehicle and a temporary registration certificate. Each dealer who is a designated agent may, upon proper application, issue to the owner of a motor vehicle which is to be permanently licensed in Alabama, a temporary license tag to be affixed to such motor vehicle, and a temporary registration certificate. A dealer who has been appointed by the department to perform the duties of a designated agent shall have the authority to issue a temporary license tag and temporary registration certificate only for motor vehicles which are sold by that dealer.

Any temporary license tags and registration receipts issued under this chapter or Chapter 12 of Title 40 shall be issued in a manner as prescribed by the department.
Ala. Code § 32-5-97 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-97
Section 32-5-97 Notation of Conviction on Driver’s License
Status: in_force

When any person is convicted by any judge for violation of the provisions of Section 32-5-90, the judge trying the case shall note on the back of such person’s driver’s license in the place indicated, the date of such conviction, the amount of fine or other disposition of the case.
Ala. Code § 32-7-38 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-38
Section 32-7-38 Employment of Necessary Employees
Status: in_force

The Director of Public Safety, subject to the provisions of the merit system, may appoint such clerical assistants, stenographers, or employees as may be necessary to discharge the duties imposed by this chapter. The salaries of such clerical assistants, stenographers, and employees and all expenses incurred incident to carrying out their duties shall be paid in the same manner as those of other state employees.
Ala. Code § 32-20-2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-2
Section 32-20-2 Definitions
Status: reserved

For purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

(1) DEALER. A person licensed by the Alabama Manufactured Housing Commission as a manufactured home retailer and engaged regularly in the business of buying, selling, or exchanging manufactured homes in this state, and having an established place of business.

(2) DEPARTMENT. The Department of Revenue of this state.

(3) DESIGNATED AGENT. Each judge of probate, commissioner of licenses, director of revenue, or other county official in this state authorized and required by law to issue motor vehicle license tags, unless otherwise provided by law, who may perform his or her duties under this chapter personally or through his or her deputies, or such other persons located in this state, as the department may designate. The term shall also mean those dealers as herein defined who are appointed by the department as provided in Section 32-20-22 to perform the duties of designated agent for the purposes of this chapter. The dealers may perform their duties under this chapter either personally or through any of their officers or employees.

(4) LIEN. An encumbrance upon a manufactured home as security for payment of a debt.

(5) LIENHOLDER. Any person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation holding a lien as herein defined on a manufactured home.

(6) MANUFACTURER. Any person regularly engaged in the business of manufacturing, constructing, or assembling manufactured homes, either within or without this state.

(7) MANUFACTURED HOME. A structure defined by and constructed in accordance with the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 and as amended by the Manufactured Housing Improvement Act of 2000, Title VI 42 U.S. Code, Section 603(6). Manufactured home means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, in the traveling mode, is eight body feet or more in width and 40 body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling, with or without a permanent foundation, when connected to the required utilities, including the plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and electrical systems. It may be used as a place of residence, business, profession, trade, or for any other purpose, by the owner, lessee, or assigns and may consist of one or more units that can be attached or joined together. A manufactured home bears a HUD Seal affixed to the rear of the home.

(8) MANUFACTURED HOME IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. The numbers and letters on a manufactured home designated by the manufacturer or assigned by the department for the purpose of identifying the manufactured home.

(9) MODULAR HOME. A factory built home consisting of units designed to be incorporated at a building site on a permanent foundation into a permanent structure to be used for residential purposes and which bears an insignia that indicates compliance with the codes and requirements established by the Alabama Manufactured Housing Commission which are in accordance with the International Residential Building Code.

(10) NEW MANUFACTURED HOME. A manufactured home that has never been the subject of a first sale for use and includes a manufactured home delivered to a customer that was subsequently returned to the dealer without a certificate of title being issued on the manufactured home.

(11) OWNER. A person, other than a lienholder, having the property in or title to a manufactured home. The term includes a person entitled to the use and possession of a manufactured home subject to a security interest in another person, but excludes a lessee under a lease not intended as security. Under any lease-purchase or installment sales agreement where a governmental agency, either city, county, or state, is the lessee or purchaser with a security interest or right to purchase, the lessee or purchaser shall be the owner for purposes of this chapter.

(12) PERMANENTLY AFFIXED. A manufactured home installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications as required by state law on the owner’s land and taxed as real property.

(13) PERSON. The term shall include every natural person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation.

(14) RESIDENT ADDRESS. The address in Alabama where the manufactured home is physically located.

(15) SECURITY AGREEMENT. A written agreement that reserves or creates a security interest.

(16) SECURITY INTEREST. An interest in a manufactured home reserved or created by agreement and which secures payment or performance of an obligation.

(17) STATE. A state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a province of the Dominion of Canada.

(18) USED MANUFACTURED HOME. A manufactured home that has been the subject of a first sale for use, whether within this state or elsewhere.
Ala. Code § 32-7A-19 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7A / Section 32-7A-19
Section 32-7A-19 Liability Under Chapter
Status: in_force

No state or local governmental unit and no government official or employee acting in the course of his or her official duties in the administration or enforcement of Section 32-7A-4 and related provisions of this chapter shall be liable for any damages brought directly or indirectly by the injured party or a third party, except for damages resulting from willful and wanton misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the governmental unit, official, or employee.
Ala. Code § 32-8-44 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-44
Section 32-8-44 Transfer of Ownership - Generally
Status: reserved

(a) If an owner transfers his interest in a vehicle, other than by the creation of a security interest, he shall, at the time of the delivery of the vehicle, execute an assignment and warranty of title to the transferee in the space provided therefor on the certificate or as the department prescribes, and cause the certificate and assignment to be mailed or delivered to the transferee or to the department.

(b) Except as provided in this section, the transferee shall, promptly after delivery to him of the vehicle, execute the application for a new certificate of title in the space provided therefor on the certificate or as the department prescribes, and cause the certificate and application to be mailed or delivered to a designated agent.

(c) Upon request of the owner or transferee, a lienholder in possession of the certificate of title shall, unless the transfer was a breach of his security agreement, deliver the certificate to the transferee. Upon receipt of the certificate the transferee shall make application to a designated agent for a new certificate. The delivery of the certificate does not affect the rights of the lienholder under his security agreement.

(d) If a security interest is reserved or created at the time of the transfer, the certificate of title shall be retained by or delivered to the person who becomes the lienholder and the parties shall comply with the provisions of Section 32-8-62.

(e) Except as provided in Section 32-8-45, and as between the parties, a transfer by an owner is not effective until the provisions of this section have been complied with.
Ala. Code § 32-6-64.2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-64.2
Section 32-6-64.2 Materials for Print-on-Demand Validation Decals, Emblems, and Registration Receipt Forms Provided by Third Parties
Status: in_force

(a) In lieu of being supplied validation decals, emblems, and registration receipt forms directly from the Department of Corrections or the Department of Revenue, county licensing officials may contract with a third party, upon approval by the county commission, to provide materials for print-on-demand validation decals, emblems, and registration receipt forms. The validation decals, emblems, and registration receipt forms shall be subject to review and approval by the Department of Revenue to ensure statewide uniformity.

(b) The amount distributed to the Department of Corrections pursuant to this chapter, including Section 32-6-64.1, or any other provision of law, shall not be reduced by any contract entered into by a county licensing official pursuant to this section, nor shall any contract entered into pursuant to this section be interpreted to apply to or extend to registrations issued under Chapter 5 of Title 33.

(c) Contracts entered into pursuant to this section shall be subject to the procurement requirements of the licensing official’s county.

(d) The Department of Revenue may adopt rules for the implementation and administration of this section.
Ala. Code § 32-20-11 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 20 / Section 32-20-11
Section 32-20-11 Violations - Certificate and Application
Status: in_force

A person is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor who does any of the following:

(1) With fraudulent intent, permits another, not entitled thereto, to use or have possession of a certificate of title.

(2) Willfully fails to mail or deliver a certificate of title or application therefore to the department within 10 days after the time required by this chapter.

(3) Willfully fails to deliver to his or her transferee a certificate of title within 10 days after the time required by this chapter.

(4) Knowingly and willfully commits a fraud in any application or a title.

(5) Willfully violates any other provision of this chapter, except as otherwise provided in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-9A-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9A / Section 32-9A-1
Section 32-9A-1 Definitions
Status: in_force

Whenever used in this chapter, unless a different meaning clearly appears in the context, the following terms shall be given the following respective meanings:

(1) COMMERCE. a. Any trade, traffic, or transportation within the jurisdiction of the United States between a place in a state and a place outside of the state, including a place outside of the United States.

b. For the purpose of this chapter, commerce also includes any trade, traffic, or transportation beginning and ending within the boundaries of this state.

(2) COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE. Any self-propelled or towed vehicle used on the highways in commerce to transport passengers or property if the vehicle meets any of the following:

a. It has a gross weight rating or gross combination weight of more than 10,000 pounds, whether operated interstate or intrastate.

b. It is designed to transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver, regardless of weight.

c. It is used to transport hazardous materials in a quantity requiring placards under regulation of the U.S. Department of Transportation.

(3) DEPARTMENT. The Alabama Department of Public Safety.

(4) DIRECTOR. The Director of the Alabama Department of Public Safety.
Ala. Code § 32-16-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 16 / Section 32-16-1
Section 32-16-1 Definitions
Status: in_force

The terms “dealer” and “vendor” as used in this chapter shall be construed to include every individual, partnership, corporation or association whose business in whole or in part is that of selling new or used motor vehicles and likewise shall be construed to include every agent, representative or consignee of any such dealer as defined above, as fully as if the same had been herein expressly set out; except, that no agent, representative or consignee of such dealer or vendor shall be required to make and file the bond if such dealer or vendor for whom such agent, representative or consignee acts shall have fully complied with all of the provisions of this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-13-4 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 13 / Section 32-13-4
Section 32-13-4 Contesting Sale; Hearing
Status: in_force

(a) The current owners, registrants, secured parties, and lienholders of record, if any, of a motor vehicle, prior to the sale, may contest the sale of the motor vehicle pursuant to this chapter by filing a notice of appeal with the circuit court in the county where the sale is scheduled to occur.

(b)(1) If no application for hearing is timely made by the current owners, registrants, secured parties, or lienholders of record, if any, for the motor vehicle, the motor vehicle may be sold at the time and place designated in the notice of sale and any personal property or items contained in the vehicle may be disposed of in a manner determined by the person or entity conducting the sale.

(2) If application for a hearing is timely made by the current owners, registrants, secured parties, or lienholders of record, if any, for the motor vehicle, then all such parties shall be provided notice by the circuit court. The circuit court shall conduct a hearing to determine if the motor vehicle is an abandoned motor vehicle as defined by this chapter and whether proper notices were provided pursuant to subsection (d) of Section 32-8-84 and this chapter. The motor vehicle shall not be sold pending the decision by the circuit court.

(3) If the circuit court judge determines that the motor vehicle was abandoned and that proper notice or notices were issued, the motor vehicle may be sold as an abandoned motor vehicle after notice of the sale as prescribed in Section 32-13-3.

(4) Any contest regarding the sale of an abandoned motor vehicle, after the sale has occurred, shall be filed in the circuit court in the county where the sale occurred. Any contest regarding the reasonable cost of repair, towing, storage, and all reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the sale shall be filed in the circuit court in the county where the sale is scheduled or has occurred.
Ala. Code § 32-8-41 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-41
Section 32-8-41 Delivery of Certificate
Status: in_force

The certificate of title shall be mailed to the first lienholder named in it or, if none, to the owner. If the certificate of title is issued electronically, the designated agent that processed the application, at the time of issuance, shall provide the owner with a printed copy of the electronic certificate of title record.
Ala. Code § 32-6-365 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-365
Section 32-6-365 Replacement Plates
Status: in_force

If the Fraternal Order of Police license plate deteriorates to the point where inscriptions thereon are not discernible, the owner or lessee may obtain a replacement plate according to Section 40-12-265.
Ala. Code § 32-9-5 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 9 / Section 32-9-5
Section 32-9-5 Penalties
Status: in_force

The operation of any truck, semitrailer truck, or trailer in violation of any section of this chapter or of the terms of any permit issued under this chapter, shall constitute a misdemeanor, and the owner thereof, if such violation was with his or her knowledge or consent, and the operator thereof shall, on conviction, be fined not less than $100.00 nor more than $500.00 and may also be imprisoned or sentenced to hard labor for the county for not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days.
Ala. Code § 32-5-312 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5 / Section 32-5-312
Section 32-5-312 Penalties for Violations of Certain Sections
Status: in_force

Any person who violates Sections 32-5-55 through 32-5-59, 32-5-62, 32-5-63, 32-5-112 through 32-5-114, 32-5-130 through 32-5-133 and 32-5-150 through 32-5-153, or any part or parts thereof shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by imprisonment in the county or municipal jail for not more than 10 days or by a fine of not more than $100.00; for a second such conviction within one year thereafter such person shall be punished by a fine of not less than $100.00 nor more than $200.00 or by imprisonment in the county or municipal jail for not more than 20 days or by both such fine and imprisonment; upon a third or subsequent conviction within one year after the first conviction such person shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250.00 nor more than $500.00 or by imprisonment in the county or municipal jail for not more than six months or by both such fine and imprisonment. The court shall revoke the driver’s license of such person upon the third conviction.
Ala. Code § 32-6-4.2 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-4.2
Section 32-6-4.2 Nondriver Identification Cards - Expiration; Renewal, Suspension, and Revocation; Fraudulent Use or Misuse
Status: in_force

(a) Each nondriver identification card issued to any person, except cards issued pursuant to Section 32-6-4.1, who is less than 62 years of age shall expire eight years from the date of issuance or as otherwise provided by the rules and regulations of the Director of the Department of Public Safety.

(b) Each nondriver identification card issued to any person who is 62 years of age or older or to any person pursuant to Section 32-6-4.1 shall expire as provided by the rules and regulations of the Director of the Department of Public Safety.

(c) Each nondriver identification card may be subject to renewal, reissue, suspension, or revocation by rules and regulations of the Director of the Department of Public Safety, or as otherwise provided by law.

(d) The Director of the Department of Public Safety may adopt and enforce reasonable rules and regulations relating to the fraudulent use, misuse, or abuse of the privilege of using a nondriver identification card, or for purposes of obtaining current information or recent photograph at least every eight years.
Ala. Code § 32-15-1 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 15 / Section 32-15-1
Section 32-15-1 Fraudulent Determination of Mileage
Status: in_force

Whoever, with the intent to defraud, shall rent a motor vehicle, the hire of which is determinable either in whole or in part by the distance such motor vehicle travels, knowing that the odometer or other mechanical device attached to such motor vehicle or any part thereof for the purpose of registering the distance that such motor vehicle travels does not correctly register the distance such motor vehicle travels, or who shall knowingly deceive any person or persons hiring any motor vehicle as to the distance such motor vehicle has traveled during the period of hiring and shall make a charge for the use thereof, based either in whole or in part upon such deception, shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not less than 30 days nor more than 12 months, or be fined not less than $50.00 nor more than $200.00, or be both fined and imprisoned.
Ala. Code § 32-8-6 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 8 / Section 32-8-6
Section 32-8-6 Transaction Fees; Commissions; Disposition of Funds; Disclosure of Information
Status: in_force

(a) There shall be paid to the department for issuing and processing documents required by this chapter a fee of fifteen dollars ($15) for each of the following transactions:

(1) Each application for certificate of title;

(2) Each application for replacement or corrected certificate of title;

(3) Each application for certificate of title after transfer;

(4) Each notice of security interest;

(5) Each assignment by lienholder;

(6) Each application for ordinary certificate of title upon surrender of a distinctive certificate; or

(7) Each application for the title history on a vehicle.

(b) The designated agents shall add the sum of one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) for each transaction, as specified in subsection (a), processed for which this fee is charged to be retained as the agent’s commission for services rendered, and all other fees collected shall be remitted to the department in a manner prescribed by the department.

(c) If more than one transaction is involved in any application on a single vehicle and if supported by all required documents, the fee charged by the department and by the designated agent for processing and issuing shall be considered as only one transaction for which the designated agent shall receive and retain one dollar fifty cents ($1.50) and shall collect and remit to the department fifteen dollars ($15).

(d) Every transaction shall be accompanied by the fee specified in this chapter, regardless of whether the title is issued electronically or not, unless specifically exempted by this chapter.

(e) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this section, when any motor vehicle record, as prescribed by the department, is requested, other than a title history as provided in subdivision (7) of subsection (a), and the record is provided electronically or in the form of a printout of an electronic record, the fee shall be five dollars ($5). The five dollar ($5) fee shall be distributed as follows: Fifty percent shall be distributed to the State General Fund and the remaining 50 percent shall be retained by the department for use solely by the Motor Vehicle Division of the department for training and technological and processing improvements.

(f) The department may establish and charge a fee not greater than the fee provided in subsection (e) for motor vehicle records obtained through the national motor vehicle title information system and provided to end users. The fee shall be retained by the department for use solely by the motor division of the department for costs associated with providing the records, training, and technological and processing improvements.

(g) All motor vehicle title records, registration records, and any other motor vehicle records as designated by the department containing personal information as defined under state or federal law, rules, or regulations shall only be released by the department in accordance with such laws, rules, or regulations. The department may establish procedures to insure that all motor vehicle record disclosures are handled in a uniform manner.

(h) The department may prescribe the method of payment of any fees required under this chapter.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-217 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-217
Section 32-5A-217 Driving through Safety Zone Prohibited
Status: in_force

No vehicle shall at any time be driven through or within a safety zone.
Ala. Code § 32-6-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-3
Section 32-6-3 Examination Prior to Application for License or Renewal
Status: in_force

(a) Every person who applies for an initial Alabama driver’s license issued by the Department of Public Safety under this article shall be given and successfully pass an examination before the issuance of a driver’s license. The person shall apply to the officer, state trooper, or duly authorized third party testing agent of the Director of Public Safety, or one of them where there is more than one, designated by the Director of Public Safety to conduct examinations. A minor shall furnish a certified copy of his or her birth certificate or a certified statement from the county superintendent of education of the county in which the minor resides or from the superintendent of the school which the minor attends proving that the minor is at least 16 years of age. Upon satisfying this requirement, the minor shall be examined.

(b)(1) The Director of Public Safety shall promulgate reasonable rules and regulations not in conflict with the laws of this state as to the kind of examination or test to be given and the method and manner of giving the examination, ascertaining and reporting the results of the examination, and to who qualifies to give the examination. In lieu of examination by the Department of Public Safety for the written, oral, vision, and driving portion of the examination, an applicant currently enrolled or beginning enrollment in a high school drivers’ education class may submit proof that the applicant has passed the written, oral, vision, and driving portion of the examination which has been given by either of the following:

a. A certified driver education instructor at a public high school who is approved by the State Department of Education and trained as a third party testing agent for the Department of Public Safety.

b. A driver education instructor at a private high school who is certified, approved, and trained by the Department of Public Safety to act as a third party testing agent for the Department of Public Safety.

(2) In no way shall the State Department of Education be responsible for the approval and training of private high school driver education instructors as third party testing agents for the Department of Public Safety.

(3) Reports of all examinations shall be on forms provided by the Director of Public Safety and shall indicate if the applicant passed the examination.

(c) If the applicant passes the examination, the applicant shall be given a certificate to that effect, on a form provided by the Director of Public Safety, by the officer, state trooper, or duly authorized third party testing agent of the Director of Public Safety conducting the examination. The applicant shall present the certificate to a driver’s license office of the department.

(d) If a person fails to pass the examination, no certificate shall be given to the person. No application for an initial Alabama driver’s license shall be accepted by a judge of probate or license commissioner.

(e) A person who secures a renewal of a license in the manner provided by law shall not be required to take the examination unless the Director of Public Safety deems it advisable to require the person to take the examination. If the Director of Public Safety deems it advisable, the director shall notify the person in writing by letter sent to the address given on the application of the person at least 10 days before the date on which the examination or test is given of the time and place of the examination. The examination given to such a person shall be conducted in the same manner and the result of the examination ascertained and reported in the same way as examinations are given to persons applying for an initial Alabama driver’s license.

(f) Failure of a person to appear after notice to take such an examination or test, or refusal by a person to take the examination or test, shall be grounds for suspension or revocation of the license of the person by the Director of Public Safety. A person to whom such an examination or test is given who fails to pass the examination or test shall have his or her license revoked by the Director of Public Safety.
Ala. Code § 32-6-491 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 6 / Section 32-6-491
Section 32-6-491 Distribution of Proceeds
Status: in_force

Proceeds from the additional revenues generated by the twenty-five dollars ($25) minus the production and administrative costs for the “Civitan International” tags or plates shall be paid monthly by the Department of Revenue or other appropriate official to the Civitan International Foundation for the benefit of the Civitan International Research Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham together with an accounting of the proceeds.
Ala. Code § 32-7-40 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 7 / Section 32-7-40
Section 32-7-40 Chapter Supplemental to Other Laws
Status: in_force

This chapter shall in no respect be considered as a repeal of the state motor vehicle laws, but shall be construed as supplemental thereto.
Ala. Code § 32-5A-82 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5A / Section 32-5A-82
Section 32-5A-82 Overtaking Vehicle on Left
Status: in_force

The following rules shall govern the overtaking and passing of vehicles proceeding in the same direction, subject to those limitations, exceptions, and special rules hereinafter stated:

(1) The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left thereof at a safe distance and shall not again drive to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the overtaken vehicle.

(2) Except when overtaking and passing on the right is permitted, the driver of an overtaken vehicle shall give way to the right in favor of the overtaking vehicle on audible signal and shall not increase the speed of his or her vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle.

(3) For purposes of a vehicle overtaking and passing a bicycle, a safe distance shall mean not less than three feet on any of the following:

(a). A roadway that has a marked bicycle lane.

(b). A roadway without a marked bicycle lane if the roadway has a marked speed limit of 45 miles per hour or less and the roadway does not have a double yellow line separating cars from oncoming traffic indicating a no passing zone.

(4) Subdivision (3) shall only apply when a cyclist is riding within two feet of the right shoulder of the roadway.
Ala. Code § 32-5C-3 — Alabama Code / Title 32 / Chapter 5C / Section 32-5C-3
Section 32-5C-3 Exceptions
Status: in_force

The provisions of Section 32-5C-2 shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) Adjustable sun visors which are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass.

(2) Signs, stickers, or other matter which is displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the front or rear windshield.

(3) Direction, destination, or termination signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle if the signs do not interfere with the driver’s clear view of approaching traffic.

(4) Any transparent item which is not red or amber in color which is placed on the uppermost six inches of the windshield.

(5) Any federal, state, or local sticker or certificate which is required by law to be placed on any windshield or window.

(6) Any other vehicle, the windows or windshields of which have been tinted or darkened before factory delivery or permitted by federal law or regulation.

(7) Any motor vehicle not registered in this state.