Ala. Code § 13A-9-13.3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-13.3
Section 13A-9-13.3 Negotiating Worthless Negotiable Instrument - Prima Facie Evidence of Identity
Status: in_force

(a) In any prosecution or action under the provisions of Section 13A-9-13.1, a negotiable instrument for which the information required in subsections (b) and (c) of this section is available at the time of issuance shall constitute prima facie evidence of the identity of the party issuing the negotiable instrument and that such person was a party authorized to draw upon the named account.

(b) To establish this prima facie evidence, the following information regarding the identity of the party presenting the negotiable instrument shall be requested by the party receiving such instrument: The presenter’s name, residence address, and home phone number. Such information may be provided by either of two methods:

(1) It may be recorded upon the negotiable instrument itself; or

(2) The number of a check-cashing identification card issued by the receiving party may be recorded on the negotiable instrument. Such check-cashing identification card shall be issued only after the information required in this subsection has been placed on file by the receiving party.

(c) In addition to the information required in subsection (b) of this section, the party receiving a negotiable instrument shall witness the signature or endorsement of the party presenting such negotiable instrument and, as evidence of such, the receiving party shall initial the negotiable instrument.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-10 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-10
Section 13A-8-10 Theft of Services - Definition
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of theft of services if:

(1) He intentionally obtains services known by him to be available only for compensation by deception, threat, false token or other means to avoid payment for the services; or

(2) Having control over the disposition of services of others to which he is not entitled, he knowingly diverts those services to his own benefit or to the benefit of another not entitled thereto.

(b) “Services” includes but is not necessarily limited to labor, professional services, transportation, telephone or other public services, accommodation in motels, hotels, restaurants or elsewhere, admission to exhibitions, computer services and the supplying of equipment for use.

(c) Where compensation for services is ordinarily paid immediately upon the rendering of them, as in the case of motels, hotels, restaurants and the like, absconding without payment or bona fide offer to pay is prima facie evidence under subsection (a) that the services were obtained by deception.

(d) If services are obtained under subdivision (a)(1) from a hotel, motel, inn, restaurant or cafe, no prosecution can be commenced after 120 days from the time of the offense.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-14 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-14
Section 13A-5-14 Crimes Motivated by Victim’s Role as an Election Official
Status: in_force

(a) A person who has been found guilty of a crime, the commission of which was shown beyond a reasonable doubt to have been motivated by the victim’s actual or perceived role as an election official, shall be punished as follows:

(1) On conviction of a Class A felony, the sentence shall not be less than 15 years.

(2) On conviction of a Class B felony, the sentence shall not be less than 10 years.

(3) On conviction of a Class C felony, the sentence shall not be less than two years.

(4) On conviction of a Class D felony, the sentence shall not be less than 18 months.

(5) On conviction of any misdemeanor, the defendant shall be sentenced for a Class A misdemeanor and shall be sentenced to a minimum of three months.

(b) For purposes of subsection (a), a defendant who has been previously convicted of any felony and receives an enhanced sentence pursuant to this section is also subject to enhanced punishment under the Alabama Habitual Felony Offender Act, Section 13A-5-9.

(c) For purposes of this section, an “election official” is any absentee election manager, clerk, inspector, poll worker, registrar, judge of probate or his or her employee, or the Secretary of State or his or her employee.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-101 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-101
Section 13A-10-101 Perjury in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of perjury in the first degree when in any official proceeding he swears falsely and his false statement is material to the proceeding in which it is made.

(b) Perjury in the first degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-51 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-51
Section 13A-5-51 Mitigating Circumstances - Generally
Status: in_force

Mitigating circumstances shall include, but not be limited to. the following:

(1) The defendant has no significant history of prior criminal activity;

(2) The capital offense was committed while the defendant was under the influence of extreme mental or emotional disturbance;

(3) The victim was a participant in the defendant’s conduct or consented to it;

(4) The defendant was an accomplice in the capital offense committed by another person and his participation was relatively minor;

(5) The defendant acted under extreme duress or under the substantial domination of another person;

(6) The capacity of the defendant to appreciate the criminality of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law was substantially impaired; and

(7) The age of the defendant at the time of the crime.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-52 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-52
Section 13A-10-52 Fleeing or Attempting to Elude Law Enforcement Officer
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful for a person to intentionally flee by any means from anyone the person knows to be a law enforcement officer if the person knows the officer is attempting to arrest the person.

(b) It shall be unlawful for a person while operating a motor vehicle on a street, road, alley, or highway in this state, to intentionally flee or attempt to elude a law enforcement officer after having received a signal from the officer to bring the vehicle to a stop.

(c) (1) A violation of subsection (a) or (b) is a Class A misdemeanor .

(2) A violation of subsection (a) or (b) is a Class C felony if any of the following occur:

a. The flight or attempt to elude causes the offender to strike or collide with another vehicle or pedestrian.

b. The flight or attempt to elude causes physical injury to any other person.

c. The flight or attempt to elude results in the offender crossing the lines of this state into a neighboring state.

(3) A violation of subsection (a) or (b) is a Class B felony if either of the following occur:

a. The flight or attempt to elude causes serious physical injury or death to any other person.

b. During the flight or attempt to elude the person exceeds 20 miles per hour over the legal maximum speed limit.

(d) Upon conviction of subsection (a) or (b), the court shall order the suspension of the driver license of the defendant for a period of not less than six months nor more than two years.

(e) It is not a violation of this section for an individual to continue traveling at or below the speed limit, with or without the vehicle’s flashers turned on, with the intent of stopping the vehicle at the nearest safe place.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-4
Section 13A-11-4 Inciting to Riot
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of inciting to riot if he commands, solicits, incites or urges another person to engage in tumultuous and violent conduct of a kind likely to cause or create a grave risk of public terror or alarm.

(b) Inciting to riot is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-71 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-71
Section 13A-9-71 Registration of Charitable Organizations, Professional Fund Raisers, Commercial Co-Venturers, Etc.; Annual Report; Contract Requirements; Service of Process; Use of Names, Symbols, Etc.; Violations
Status: in_force

(a) Every charitable organization, except those granted an exemption in subsection (f), which is physically located in this state, and which intends to solicit contributions in or from this state, or to have contributions solicited in this state, on its behalf, by other charitable organizations, paid solicitors, or commercial co-venturers in or from this state, prior to any solicitation, shall file a registration statement with the Attorney General upon a form prescribed by the Attorney General containing all of the following information:

(1) The name of the organization and the name or names under which it intends to solicit contributions.

(2) The names and addresses of the officers, directors, trustees, and executive personnel of the organization.

(3) The addresses of the organization and the addresses of any offices in this state. If the organization does not maintain an office, the name and address of the person having custody of its financial records.

(4) The place where and the date when the organization was legally established, the form of its organization, and its tax exempt status.

(5) The purposes for which the organization is organized and the purpose or purposes for which the contributions to be solicited will be used.

(6) The date on which the fiscal year of the organization ends.

(7) Whether the organization is authorized by any governmental authority to solicit contributions and whether it is or has ever been enjoined by any court from soliciting contributions.

(8) The names and addresses of any professional fund raisers and commercial co-venturers who are acting or have agreed to act on behalf of the organization.

(b) With the initial registration only, every charitable organization required to be registered shall also file with the Attorney General a copy of the charitable organizational charter, articles of organization or incorporation, agreement of association, instrument of trust, constitution or other organizational instrument and bylaws, and a statement setting forth the place where and the date when the organization was legally established, the form of this organization, and its tax exemption status attaching federal or state tax exemption determination letters.

(c) The registration form shall be signed by the president or other authorized officer and the chief fiscal officer of the organization.

(d) Every charitable organization required to register shall pay a fee of twenty-five dollars ($25) to the Attorney General at the time of registration.

(e) The registration shall remain in effect unless it is either cancelled as provided in this section or withdrawn by the organization. Every registered organization shall notify the Attorney General within 10 days of any change in the information required to be furnished by the organization under subsection (a).

(f) The following persons shall not be required, pursuant to this article, to register with the Attorney General:

(1) Educational institutions and their authorized and related foundations.

(2) Religious organizations.

(3) Political organizations.

(4) Fraternal, patriotic, benevolent, social, educational, alumni, health care foundation, historical, and civil rights organizations, including fraternities and sororities and any auxiliaries associated with any such organizations.

(5) Civic leagues and civic organizations that solicit contributions solely from their own membership.

(6) Persons requesting any contributions for the relief of any individual, specified by the name at the time of the solicitation, if all of the contributions collected do not exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000) and, without any deductions, are turned over to the named beneficiary.

(7) Any charitable organization that does not intend to solicit and receive and does not actually receive contributions in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) during a fiscal year of the organization, provided all of its fund raising functions are carried on by persons who are not paid for such services. If the gross contributions received by a charitable organization during any fiscal year of that organization are in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), within 30 days after the date it receives total contributions in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), the charitable organization shall register with the Attorney General as required by this section.

(8)a. Any charitable organization receiving an allocation from an incorporated community chest or united fund, provided all of the following requirements have been met:

1. The chest or fund is complying with this section relating to registration and filing of annual reports with the Attorney General.

2. The charitable organization does not actually receive, in addition to an allocation, contributions in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) during the fiscal year.

3. All of the fund raising functions of the charitable organization are carried on by persons who are not paid for such services.

b. If the gross contributions other than the allocation received by the charitable organization during any fiscal year of the charitable organization are in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), the charitable organization, within 30 days after the date it receives the contributions in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), shall register with the Attorney General as required by this section.

(9) A local post, camp, chapter, or similarly designated element, or a county unit of such elements of a bona fide veterans organization, which issues charters to local elements throughout this state, or a bona fide organization of volunteer firefighters, ambulance companies, or rescue squads, or a bona fide auxiliary or affiliate of such organizations, provided all of its fund raising activities are carried on by members of the organization, family members of the members of the organization, volunteers, or an affiliate of the organization and the members receive no compensation, directly or indirectly, therefor.

(g) Every charitable organization registered pursuant to subsection (a), within 90 days of the close of its fiscal year ending after the date on which the charitable organization files its initial registration pursuant to subsection (a), shall file an annual written report. Each annual report shall be sworn to under oath, shall be in the form prescribed by the Attorney General, and shall include a financial statement covering the fiscal year, clearly setting forth the gross income, expenses, and net income inuring to the benefit of the charitable organization, a balance sheet as of the close of the fiscal year, and a schedule of the activities carried on by the charitable organization in the performance of its purposes and the amounts expended thereon during the fiscal year. An organization may also meet this requirement by submitting a copy of the Form 990 submitted to the Internal Revenue Service as required by federal law. A fee of twenty-five dollars ($25) payable to the Attorney General shall accompany the report at the time of filing.

(1) The Attorney General shall cancel the registration of any charitable organization that fails within the time prescribed to comply with this subsection, or fails to furnish any additional information requested by the Attorney General within the required time. The Attorney General may extend the time for filing the reports for a period not to exceed 180 days. Notice of cancellation pursuant to this subsection shall be mailed to the registrant at least 15 days before the effective date thereof.

(2) All records, books, and reports maintained by any charitable organization registered or required to register pursuant to subsection (a) shall be available for inspection during normal business hours at the principal office of the organization, by the Attorney General, or the duly authorized representative of the Attorney General.

(h) No person shall act as a professional fund raiser or commercial co-venturer either before he or she registers with the Attorney General, or after the expiration or cancellation of his or her registration and prior to renewal thereof. Applications for registration and renewal shall be in writing, under oath, in the form prescribed by the Attorney General, and shall be accompanied by an annual fee in the amount of one hundred dollars ($100).

(1) The applicant shall at the time of making application, file with, and have approved by the Attorney General, a bond in which the applicant shall be the principal obligor in the sum of ten thousand dollars ($10,000) with one or more sureties whose liability in the aggregate as sureties will at least equal that sum. The bond shall run to the Attorney General for the use of the state and to any person who may have a cause of action against the obligor of the bond for any malfeasance or misfeasance in the conduct of the solicitation.

(2) Registration shall be for the period of one year, or a part thereof, expiring on the 30th day of September and may be renewed upon written application under oath, in the form prescribed by the Attorney General, the filing of the bond, and the payment of the fee prescribed for an additional one-year period. Applications, registrations, renewals, and bonds, when filed with the Attorney General, shall become public records in the Office of the Attorney General.

(3) A professional fund raiser or commercial co-venturer shall maintain accurate and current books and records of his or her activities while required to be registered under this section and until at least two years have elapsed at the end of the effective period of the registration to which they relate. He or she shall keep the books and records in his or her office available for inspection and examination by the Attorney General, or the duly authorized representative of the Attorney General.

(i) All contracts entered into between professional fund raisers or commercial co-venturers and charitable organizations shall be in writing. A true and correct copy of each contract shall be filed by the professional fund raiser or commercial co-venturer with the Attorney General within 10 days after it is executed. No services shall be performed under a contract until the expiration of 15 days from the date the contract is filed with the Attorney General. Within 90 days after the termination of the contract, the professional fund raiser or commercial co-venturer shall file a closing statement with the Attorney General disclosing gross receipts and all expenditures incurred in the performance of the contract.

(j) No person shall act as a professional solicitor in the employ of a professional fund raiser who is required to register pursuant to this section before he or she has registered with the Attorney General or after the expiration or cancellation of the registration or any renewal thereof. Application for registration shall be in writing, under oath, in the form prescribed by the Attorney General and shall be accompanied by a fee in the amount of twenty-five dollars ($25). Registration when effected shall be for a period of one year, or a part thereof, expiring with the 30th day of September and may be renewed upon written application, under oath, in the form prescribed by the Attorney General and the payment of the fee prescribed herein for additional one-year periods. Applications for registration, when filed with the Attorney General, shall become public records in the Office of the Attorney General.

(k) Any charitable organization, professional fund raiser, professional solicitor, or commercial co-venturer that is subject to this article, having its principal place of business outside this state, or organized under and by virtue of the laws of a foreign state, shall be deemed to have irrevocably appointed the Secretary of State as its agent upon whom may be served any summons, subpoena, subpoena duces tecum, or other process directed to the charitable organization, professional fund raiser, professional solicitor, or commercial co-venturer, or any partner, principal officer, or director thereof, in any action or proceeding brought pursuant to this article. Service of process upon the Secretary of State shall be made by personally delivering a copy to the Office of the Secretary of State and depositing it with the Secretary of State or his or her agent. Service shall be sufficient if notice of the service and a copy of the process shall be forthwith sent by the Secretary of State to the charitable organization, professional fund raiser, commercial co-venturer, or other person to whom it is directed, by registered mail, with return receipt requested, to the last address known to the Secretary of State.

(l) No person, except an officer, director, or trustee of the charitable organization by or for whom contributions are solicited, shall for the purpose of soliciting contributions from persons in this state, use the name of any charitable organization without the consent of the charitable organization.

(m) A person shall be deemed to have used the name of a charitable organization for the purpose of soliciting contributions if the latter charitable organization’s name is listed on any stationery, advertisement, brochure, or correspondence in or by which a contribution is solicited by or on behalf of a charitable organization or his or her name is listed or referred to in connection with a request for a contribution as one who has contributed to, sponsored, or endorsed the charitable organization or its activities.

(n) Nothing contained in this section shall prevent the publication of names of contributors without their written consent in an annual or other periodic report issued by a charitable organization for the purpose of reporting its operations and affairs to its membership or for the purpose of reporting contributions to contributors.

(o) No charitable organization or professional fund raiser soliciting contributions shall use a name, symbol, or statement so closely related or similar to that used by another charitable organization or governmental agency that the use thereof would tend to confuse or mislead the public.

(p) Every individual in the process of soliciting funds shall identify himself or herself. If the individual is being paid for soliciting, he or she shall so inform the solicitee of his or her being so paid. This information shall be disclosed to the solicitee in a clear manner before attempting any solicitations.

(q) Any solicitor or person who knowingly violates this section shall be guilty of charitable fraud. The initial conviction of charitable fraud shall be a Class A misdemeanor. A second or subsequent conviction of charitable fraud shall be a Class C felony.

(r) In addition to all other remedies provided by law, the Attorney General, or a district attorney, may bring an action to enjoin the violation of this section. The Attorney General, or district attorney, may give at least 15 days written notice by registered or certified mail to the charitable organization, person, or persons violating the provisions hereof. The notice shall require that registration be accomplished or that the solicitation of funds be immediately terminated. The failure to immediately discontinue solicitation, or to register in accordance with this section, shall be unlawful and the charitable organizations or persons committing the violation shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) upon petition by the Attorney General or a district attorney acting in the name of the state. The Attorney General shall have the authority to formulate rules interpreting this section as necessary to the administration and enforcement of its provisions.

(s)(1) Except as required or authorized by federal law, no state agency or state official shall impose any annual filing or reporting requirement on any charitable organization, professional fund raiser, commercial co-venturer, or professional solicitor, or their agent, or any other entity regulated or specifically exempted from regulation under this article that is more stringent, restrictive, or expansive than the requirements authorized under state law.

(2) Notwithstanding subdivision (1), this subsection does not apply to state grants, state contracts, or state fraud investigations, and does not restrict enforcement actions against specific nonprofit organizations.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-193.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-193.1
Section 13A-10-193.1 Destructive Device or Bacteriological or Biological Weapon - Unlawful Manufacture in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person, who is not otherwise authorized by state or federal law or a permit issued to him or her by the State Fire Marshal, commits the crime of unlawful manufacture of a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon in the second degree if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Manufactures a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon.

(2) Possesses precursor substances as determined in Section 13A-10-191, in any amount with the intent to unlawfully manufacture a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon.

(3) Combines two or more components with the intent to assemble, construct, or otherwise cause to be formed, a destructive device, incendiary device, over-pressure device, detonator, poison gas, or bacteriological or biological weapon as described in Section 13A-10-190.

(4) Manufactures an explosive with intent to produce a destructive device, incendiary device, over-pressure device, detonator, poison gas, or bacteriological or biological weapon as described in 13A-10-190.

(b) The fact that a destructive device, over-pressure device, explosive, detonator, poison gas, or bacteriological or biological weapon does not function as designed or intended, is not a defense to the crime of unlawful manufacture of a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon in the second degree.

(c) Unlawful manufacture of a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon in the second degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-42 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-42
Section 13A-11-42 Voyeurism in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of voyeurism in the second degree if he or she knowingly photographs or films the intimate areas of another person, whether through, under, or around clothing, without that person’s knowledge and consent, and under circumstances where the person has a reasonable expectation of privacy, whether in a public or private place.

(b) Voyeurism in the second degree is a Class A misdemeanor, except if the defendant is 18 years of age or younger on the date of the offense, voyeurism in the second degree is a Class B misdemeanor.

(c) The statute of limitations begins at the time of discovery of the photograph or film.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-41 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-41
Section 13A-8-41 Robbery in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of robbery in the first degree if he violates Section 13A-8-43 and he:

(1) Is armed with a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument; or

(2) Causes serious physical injury to another.

(b) Possession then and there of an article used or fashioned in a manner to lead any person who is present reasonably to believe it to be a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument, or any verbal or other representation by the defendant that he is then and there so armed, is prima facie evidence under subsection (a) of this section that he was so armed.

(c) Robbery in the first degree is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-47 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-47
Section 13A-5-47 Determination of Sentence by Court; Presentation of Arguments on Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances; Court to Enter Written Findings
Status: in_force

(a) After the sentence hearing has been conducted, and after the jury has returned a verdict, or after such a verdict has been waived as provided in Section 13A-5-46(a) or Section 13A-5-46(g), the trial court shall impose sentence. Where the jury has returned a verdict of death, the court shall sentence the defendant to death. Where a sentence of death is not returned by the jury, the court shall sentence the defendant to life imprisonment without parole. This code section shall not affect a trial court’s power to sentence in accordance with a guilty plea.

(b) Where the sentencing jury is waived pursuant to Section 13A-5-44 and before imposing sentence the trial court shall permit the parties to present arguments concerning the existence of aggravating and mitigating circumstances and the proper sentence to be imposed in the case. The order of the arguments shall be the same as at the trial of a case. The trial court, based upon evidence presented at trial and the evidence presented during the sentence hearing and any evidence submitted in connection with it, shall enter specific written findings concerning the existence or nonexistence of each aggravating circumstance enumerated in Section 13A-5-49, each mitigating circumstance enumerated in Section 13A-5-51, and any additional mitigating circumstances offered pursuant to Section 13A-5-52. The trial court shall also enter written findings of facts summarizing the crime and the defendant’s participation in it. In deciding upon the sentence, the trial court shall determine whether the aggravating circumstances it finds to exist outweigh the mitigating circumstances it finds to exist.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-36 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-36
Section 13A-8-36 Damage or Destruction of Property
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for a person with the intent to damage property and having no right to do so or any reasonable ground to believe that he or she has such a right, damages or destroys any of the following:

(1) Telecommunications, cable communications, or electric power transmission pedestal or pole owned or operated by a telecommunications, cable, or electric power company or cooperative, or electric power supplier, or railroad.

(2) Telecommunications, cable communications, or electric power grounding or any other equipment or materials used in the delivery of electricity, wire, fiber insulator, power supply transformer, ground wire, or other apparatus, equipment, or fixture used in the transmission of telecommunications, cable communications, or electric power owned or operated by a telecommunications, cable, or electric power company or cooperative, or electric power supplier, or railroad.

(3) Equipment used in the transmission of wireless communications or related to wireless communications.

(4) Equipment used at any facility of over the air broadcast companies.

(5) Railroad materials and lading, including, but not limited to, any rail telecommunications; cable communications; power and signal equipment and wires; road/rail crossing signals, equipment, and wires; metal property lading being transported by a railroad; and any railroad track and other operating materials, including switch component, spike, angle bar, tie plate or bolt of the type used in constructing railroads.

(6) Electric power line, gas line, water line, wire or fiber insulators, electric motors or other apparatus, heating and cooling systems, and environmental control systems that are connected to farm shops, on-farm grain drying and storage complexes, animal production facilities, irrigation systems, greenhouse facilities, or other agricultural, forestry, or food-related activities, equipment, structures, systems, or vehicles.

(7) Any electric power line, gas line, water line, wire or fiber insulators, fencing, gates, security structures, electric motors or other apparatus, metering instruments, communications antenna, environmental control systems, and processing plants that are connected to oil, natural gas, coalbed methane, shale gas, or other petroleum producing properties, equipment, structures, systems, or vehicles.

(8) Any metal property from a school, place of worship, or a secondary metals recycler’s premises.

(9) A copper, aluminum, or aluminum-copper condensing or evaporating coil, including its tubing or rods, from a heating or air conditioning unit, excluding scrap from window air conditioning units and automobile condenser coils, unless any one of the following criteria are satisfied:

a. The condenser coils are being sold by a licensed contractor, HVAC contractor, plumber, or electrician and a current and valid license with number is provided at the time of sale and copied or scanned by the secondary metals recycler at the time of sale.

b. The condenser coils are being sold by a person with verifiable documentation, such as a receipt or work order, indicating that the condenser coils are the result of a replacement of an air conditioner unit or condenser coils performed by a licensed contractor.

(10) Utility access covers, manhole covers, or storm drain covers, unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(11) Grave markers, vases, memorials, statues, plaques, or other bronze objects used at a cemetery or other location where deceased persons are interred or memorialized or any other metal historic markers or monuments or the attached support or post to either, unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(b) Any person in violation of this section shall be guilty of a Class C felony.

(c) Any person in violation of this section shall be guilty of a Class B felony if the damage or destruction causes imminent danger to the health and safety of the public, a metal owner’s employees, first responders, law enforcement officers, or utility workers, or cause an interruption in communications services or electric utility services. For purposes of this subsection, “imminent danger” means the existence of any condition that could hinder or disrupt the normal operation of equipment, systems, or services provided for the health and safety of the public, metal owner’s employees, first responders, law enforcement officers, or utility workers or cause an interruption in communications services or electric utility services.

(d) At the time of sentencing of any person convicted under this section, the judge may order restitution in an amount determined by the court; provided, however, the amount shall not be less than the value of the metal property determined to have been damaged or stolen and shall include the cost of replacement and the cost to repair any and all damage caused during the commission of the crime for which the person is convicted.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-3
Section 13A-11-3 Riot
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of riot if, with five or more other persons, he wrongfully engages in tumultuous and violent conduct and thereby intentionally or recklessly causes or creates a grave risk of public terror or alarm.

(b) Riot is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-98 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-98
Section 13A-11-98 Construction of Act 2022-133
Status: in_force

Act 2022-133 shall not be construed to diminish or otherwise limit the power of a law enforcement officer under existing law to detain, investigate, or arrest a person for a violation of law.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-65 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-65
Section 13A-11-65 Penalty
Status: in_force

Violation of Section 13A-11-63(a) or Section 13A-11-64 in the course of, or in connection with the commission of any other felony shall be a Class B felony, and the punishment imposed therefor shall be in addition to the punishment imposed for the other felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-2-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 2 / Section 13A-2-4
Section 13A-2-4 Construction of Statutes with Respect to Culpability Requirements
Status: in_force

(a) When a statute defining an offense prescribes as an element thereof a specified culpable mental state, such mental state is presumed to apply to every element of the offense unless the context thereof indicates to the contrary.

(b) Although no culpable mental state is expressly designated in a statute defining an offense, an appropriate culpable mental state may nevertheless be required for the commission of that offense, or with respect to some or all of the material elements thereof, if the proscribed conduct necessarily involves such culpable mental state. A statute defining a crime, unless clearly indicating a legislative intent to impose strict liability, states a crime of mental culpability.

(c) If a statute provides that criminal negligence suffices to establish an element of an offense, that element also is established if a person acts recklessly, knowingly or intentionally. If recklessness suffices to establish an element, that element also is established if a person acts knowingly and intentionally. If acting knowingly suffices to establish an element, that element also is established if a person acts intentionally.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-74 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-74
Section 13A-12-74 Disposition of Proceeds of Sale of Forfeited Vehicle
Status: in_force

The proceeds of the sale of any such vehicle or conveyance forfeited to the state shall, after paying all expenses in the cause, including the costs of seizure and of keeping a property pending the proceedings, be applied as follows: One half shall be paid into the general fund of the county in which the property is seized, and the other one half shall be paid into the Law Enforcement Fund to be used and applied on the enforcement of state laws under the supervision and control of the Governor; but provided, that when such property shall be seized by an officer of a municipality, one half thereof shall be paid into the general fund of the municipality, one quarter thereof shall be paid into the general fund of the county and the other one quarter shall be paid into the law enforcement fund to be used and applied on the enforcement of state laws under the supervision and control of the Governor.
Ala. Code § 13A-14-5 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 14 / Section 13A-14-5
Section 13A-14-5 Solicitation of Advertisements for State or Federal Peace Officer Magazines or Journals
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to solicit advertisement in this state to appear in any state or federal peace officers’ magazine or journal without such person, firm or corporation first having qualified with the Attorney General of the State of Alabama to solicit such advertisement as hereinafter provided in this section.

(b) Any person, firm or corporation who holds himself out to be affiliated with any state or federal peace officers association who publishes a peace officers’ magazine or journal may qualify with the Attorney General and receive a certificate of qualification from him by furnishing proof to the Attorney General that he does in truth and in fact represent a legitimate federal or state peace officers association and that the publication which he purports to represent is published at least quarterly.

(c) Any person, firm or corporation who holds himself out to represent any peace officers’ magazine or journal who solicits advertisement to appear in such magazine or journal without first having obtained a certificate of qualification from the Attorney General of the State of Alabama shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not less than $1,000.00 and imprisoned in the county jail not more than one year.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-218 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-218
Section 13A-12-218 Unlawful Manufacture of Controlled Substance in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful manufacture of a controlled substance in the first degree if he or she violates Section 13A-12-217 and two or more of the following conditions occurred in conjunction with that violation:

(1) Possession of a firearm.

(2) Use of a booby trap.

(3) Illegal possession, transportation, or disposal of hazardous or dangerous materials or while transporting or causing to be transported materials in furtherance of a clandestine laboratory operation, there was created a substantial risk to human health or safety or a danger to the environment.

(4) A clandestine laboratory operation was to take place or did take place within 500 feet of a residence, place of business, church, or school.

(5) A clandestine laboratory operation actually produced any amount of a specified controlled substance.

(6) A clandestine laboratory operation was for the production of controlled substances listed in Schedule I or Schedule II.

(7) A person under the age of 17 was present during the manufacturing process.

(b) Unlawful manufacture of a controlled substance in the first degree is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-90 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-90
Section 13A-8-90 Violations; Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) For purposes of this section, the following words have the following meanings:

(1) AUDIOVISUAL IMAGE. A series of related images which are intended to impart an impression of motion when shown in succession by means of a machine or device.

(2) AUDIOVISUAL RECORDING FUNCTION. The capability of a device to record or transmit a motion picture or any part thereof.

(3) MOTION PICTURE THEATER. A movie theater, screening room, or other venue that is being utilized primarily for the exhibition of a motion picture at the time of the offense.

(4) COMMERCIALLY DISTRIBUTE. To sell, lease, rent, or distribute for pecuniary gain.

(b) Any person who knowingly operates the audiovisual recording function of any device in a motion picture theater for the purpose of recording a motion picture with the intent to violate the property rights of the owner of the motion picture commits the crime of unlawful operation of a recording device. For purposes of this subsection, to record or transmit one or more audiovisual images from the on-screen exhibition of a motion picture, or to transmit the audio sounds accompanying the motion picture, is presumptive proof of intent to violate the property rights of the owner of the motion picture.

(c) Unlawful operation of a recording device in violation of subsection (b) is a Class A misdemeanor on the first offense. Any subsequent conviction of unlawful operation of a recording device in violation of subsection (b) is a Class C felony.

(d) Unlawful operation of a recording device in violation of subsection (b) with intent to commercially distribute the recording is a Class C felony.

(e) The owner or lessee of a motion picture theater, or the authorized agent or employee of the owner or lessee, who in good faith notifies a law enforcement agency of an alleged violation of this section shall not be liable, absent negligence or willfulness and wantonness, in any civil action arising out of measures taken by the owner, lessee, agent, or employee in the course of subsequently detaining a person that the owner, lessee, agent, or employee in good faith believed to have violated this section while awaiting the arrival of law enforcement authorities.

(f) This section does not prevent any lawfully authorized investigative, law enforcement, protective, or intelligence gathering employee or agent of local, state, or federal government from operating any audiovisual recording device in a motion picture theater as part of any lawfully authorized investigative, protective, law enforcement, or intelligence gathering activities.

(g) This section does not prevent prosecution for any acts violating this section under any other provision of law providing for a greater penalty.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-4.2 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-4.2
Section 13A-7-4.2 Trespass on a School Bus in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) This section shall be known and may be cited as the Charles “Chuck” Poland, Jr., Act.

(b) A person commits the crime of trespass on a school bus in the first degree if he or she is found guilty of doing any of the following:

(1) Intentionally demolishing, destroying, defacing, injuring, burning, or damaging any public school bus.

(2) Entering a public school bus while the door is open to load or unload students without a lawful purpose, while at a railroad grade crossing, or after being forbidden from doing so by the authorized school bus driver in charge of the bus, or upon demand of a principal of a school to which the bus is assigned or other duly authorized school system official.

(3) As an occupant of a public school bus, refusing to leave the bus on demand of the authorized school bus driver in charge of the bus, or upon demand of a principal of a school to which the bus is assigned or other duly authorized school system official.

(4) Intentionally stopping, impeding, delaying, or detaining any public school bus being operated for public school purposes with the intent to commit a crime therein.

(c) The crime of trespass on a school bus in the first degree is a Class A misdemeanor.

(d) Subdivisions (2), (3), and (4) of subsection (b) do not apply to a child who is less than 12 years of age or to authorized school personnel who are boarding the school bus as a part of their job assignment.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-30 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-30
Section 13A-10-30 Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) The definitions contained in Section 13A-10-1 are applicable in this article unless the context requires otherwise.

(b) The following definitions are also applicable to this article:

(1) CONTRABAND. Any article or thing which a person confined in a detention facility is legally prohibited from obtaining or possessing by statute, rule, regulation, detention center policy, or order.

(2) CUSTODY. A restraint or detention by a public servant pursuant to a lawful arrest, conviction, or order of court, but does not include mere supervision of probation or parole or constraint incidental to release on bail.

(3) DETENTION FACILITY. Any place used for the confinement, pursuant to law, of a person:

a. Charged with or convicted of a criminal offense.

b. Charged with being or adjudicated a youthful offender, or a neglected minor or juvenile delinquent.

c. Held for extradition.

d. Otherwise confined pursuant to an order of court.

(4) PENAL FACILITY. Any security correctional institution for the confinement of persons arrested for, charged with, or convicted of a criminal offense, including, but not limited to, the state penitentiary and any branch of the state penitentiary, or any county or city jail.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-143 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-143
Section 13A-6-143 Arrest for Violation of Article
Status: in_force

A law enforcement officer may arrest any person for the violation of this article if the officer has probable cause to believe that the person has violated any provision of a valid domestic violence protection order, whether temporary or permanent. The presentation of a domestic violence protection order constitutes probable cause for an officer to believe that a valid order exists. For purposes of this article, the domestic violence protection order may be inscribed on a tangible copy or may be stored in an electronic or other medium if it is retrievable in a detectable form. Presentation of a certified copy of the domestic violence protection order is not required for enforcement or to allow a law enforcement officer to effect a warrantless arrest. If a domestic violence protection order is not presented to or otherwise confirmed by a law enforcement officer, the officer may consider other information in determining whether there is probable cause to believe that a valid domestic violence protection order exists. The law enforcement officer may arrest the defendant without a warrant although he or she did not personally see the violation. Knowledge by the officer of the existence or contents of, or both, or presentation to the officer by the complainant of, a domestic violence protection order shall constitute prima facie evidence of the validity of the order.

If a law enforcement officer of this state determines that an otherwise valid domestic violence protection order cannot be enforced because the defendant has not been notified or served with the domestic violence protection order, the law enforcement officer shall inform the defendant of the order and allow the person a reasonable opportunity to comply with the order’s provisions before enforcing the order. In the event the law enforcement officer provides notice of the domestic violence protection order to the defendant, the officer shall document this fact in the written report.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-82 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-82
Section 13A-9-82 Person or Organization Who Knowingly Violates Article Is Guilty of Crime
Status: in_force

Any person or organization who knowingly violates this article shall be guilty of unlawful charitable solicitation. Unlawful charitable solicitation is a Class C misdemeanor and shall be punished as provided by law. It is an absolute defense to any criminal prosecution under this section if the charitable organization has given one hundred percent of the receipts generated by the container to the designated charitable organization for whom the person, nonprofit corporation, charitable organization, or an affiliate or branch of either, or solicitor, represented the funds being solicited.
Ala. Code § 13A-14-1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 14 / Section 13A-14-1
Section 13A-14-1 Maiming One’s Self to Escape Duty or Obtain Alms
Status: in_force

Every person who, with design to disable himself from performing a legal duty, existing or anticipated, shall inflict upon himself an injury whereby he is so disabled and every person who shall so injure himself with intent to avail himself of such injury to excite sympathy or to obtain alms or some charitable relief shall be guilty of a felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-45 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-45
Section 13A-6-45 Interference with Custody
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of interference with custody if he knowingly takes or entices:

(1) Any child under the age of 18 from the lawful custody of its parent, guardian or other lawful custodian, or

(2) Any committed person from the lawful custody of its parent, guardian or other lawful custodian. “Committed person” means, in addition to anyone committed under judicial warrant, any neglected, dependent or delinquent child, mentally defective or insane person or any other incompetent person entrusted to another’s custody by authority of law.

(b) A person does not commit a crime under this section if the actor’s sole purpose is to assume lawful control of the child.

The burden of injecting the issue is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(c) Interference with custody is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-231 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-231
Section 13A-11-231 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this article, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) HARASS. To engage in any conduct directed toward a service dog or handler that is likely to impede or interfere with the performance of a service dog in its duties or places the health and safety of the service dog or its handler in jeopardy. Such conduct includes actions which distract, obstruct, or intimidate the service dog, such as taunting, teasing, or striking.

(2) INJURY. Physical or emotional injury to the service dog.

(3) NOTICE. An actual verbal or other communication warning that the behavior of the person or the dog of the person is harassing toward the performance of a service dog in its duty or endangering the health and safety of the service dog.

(4) SERVICE DOG. A dog that has been individually trained for the purpose of assisting or accommodating a physician-diagnosed physical or mental disability or medical condition of a person as that term is used in the federal Americans with Disabilities Act. Service dogs include, but are not limited to, guide or leader dogs for persons who are blind; dogs that assist persons with physical disabilities by providing balance support, pulling a wheelchair, or performing other tasks; dogs that provide hearing assistance by alerting individuals who are deaf to specific sounds; and dogs who alert persons to an impending potential medical crisis. The term includes a therapy dog.

(5) THERAPY DOG. A trained emotional support dog that has been tested and registered by a nonprofit national therapy dog organization that sets standards and requirements for the health, welfare, task work, and oversight of therapy dogs and their handlers. The term therapy dog includes a dog trained to visit and provide emotional support to children, the sick and disabled, the aged, and victims in the court system. A registered therapy dog is trained for public access in facilities including, but not limited to, libraries, nursing homes, hospitals, schools, hospice, courthouse facilities, funeral homes, disaster areas, and homes where visits are needed to aid in health care and emotional support. A registered therapy dog is covered under this article from the time the dog leaves its home until the time it returns while in the performance of its duties as defined herein. The handler of a registered therapy dog shall be a member in good standing of a national therapy dog organization and be clearly identified with an organization and have authorized credentials.

(6) VALUE. The value of the service dog to the service dog user as demonstrated by any of the following elements:

a. Cost of the service dog.

b. Replacement and training or retraining expenses for the service dog and the user.

c. Veterinary and other medical and boarding expenses for the service dog during a period of treatment for injury.

d. Lost wages or income incurred by the service dog user during any period the user is without the services of the service dog.

e. Any additional expenses incurred by the service dog user directly because of the loss of the use of the service dog.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-229 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-229
Section 13A-8-229 Violations Arising Out of the Same Criminal Transaction
Status: in_force

Nothing in this article prohibits a person from being charged with, convicted of, or sentenced for any violation of law arising out of the same criminal transaction that violates this article.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-158 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-158
Section 13A-11-158 Construction
Status: in_force

This article shall not be construed to repeal any other criminal law except as expressly provided in this article. Whenever conduct prescribed by any provision of this article is also prescribed by any other provision of law, the provision which carries the more serious penalty shall apply.
Ala. Code § 13A-3-31 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 3 / Section 13A-3-31
Section 13A-3-31 Entrapment
Status: in_force

The Alabama Criminal Code adopts the present case law on entrapment.
Ala. Code § 13A-14-3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 14 / Section 13A-14-3
Section 13A-14-3 Marathon, Etc., Contests Prohibited
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2015-70 effective April 21, 2015.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-340 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-340
Section 13A-12-340 Manufacture, Sale, Use, Etc., of Synthetic Urine or Urine Additive
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) DEFRAUD. A misrepresentation of a material fact made willfully to deceive or with reckless disregard as to its truth or falsity.

(2) SYNTHETIC URINE. A substance that is designed to simulate the composition, chemical properties, physical appearance, or physical properties of human urine.

(3) URINE ADDITIVE. A substance that is designed to be added to human urine.

(b)(1) No person shall knowingly manufacture, market, sell, distribute, use, or possess synthetic urine or a urine additive to defraud an alcohol, drug, or urine screening test.

(2) No person shall knowingly use his or her urine to defraud an alcohol, drug, or urine screening test if the person’s urine was expelled or withdrawn before collection of the urine specimen for the test.

(c) This section does not apply to urine, synthetic urine, or a urine additive that is manufactured, marketed, sold, distributed, used, or possessed solely for educational, medical, or scientific research.

(d)(1) On a first conviction of a violation of subsection (b), the person is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor.

(2) On a second or subsequent conviction of subsection (b), the person is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

(e) A person who collects urine specimens for alcohol, drug, or urine screening tests who knows or has reasonable cause to suspect that a person has used synthetic urine or a urine additive to defraud an alcohol, drug, or urine screening test in violation of subsection (b) shall report that knowledge or suspicion to the appropriate law enforcement agency.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-100 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-100
Section 13A-8-100 Short Title
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2012-432, §11, effective August 1, 2012.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-55 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-55
Section 13A-5-55 Conviction and Sentence of Death Subject to Automatic Review
Status: in_force

In all cases in which a defendant is sentenced to death, the judgment of conviction shall be subject to automatic review. The sentence of death shall be subject to review as provided in Section 13A-5-53.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-112 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-112
Section 13A-12-112 Promoting Prostitution in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of promoting prostitution in the second degree if he knowingly:

(1) Advances or profits from prostitution by managing, supervising, controlling or owning, either alone or in association with others, a house of prostitution or a prostitution business or enterprise involving prostitution activity by two or more prostitutes other than the defendant; or

(2) Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than 18 years of age.

(b) Promoting prostitution in the second degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-25 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-25
Section 13A-7-25 Criminal Tampering in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal tampering in the first degree if the person does any of the following:

(1) Having no right to do so or any reasonable ground to believe that he or she has such a right, intentionally or recklessly causes substantial interruption or impairment of a service rendered to the public by a utility.

(2) Threatens an individual with a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument with the intent to obstruct the operation of a utility. This subdivision only applies if the individual is working under the procedures and within the scope of his or her duties as an employee of the utility and has properly identified himself or herself when asked by stating his or her name, employer, and purpose of work.

(b) Criminal tampering in the first degree is a Class C felony.

(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the state, a county, or a municipality from taking any lawful action on its respective rights-of-way.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-30 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-30
Section 13A-8-30 Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this article, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) FERROUS METALS. Any metals containing significant quantities of iron or steel, excluding motor vehicles purchased in accordance with Section 32-8-87.

(2) LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER. A duly constituted and certified peace officer of the State of Alabama or of any county or municipality within the state.

(3) METAL PROPERTY. Metals as defined in this section as either ferrous or nonferrous metals.

(4) NONFERROUS METALS. Metals not containing significant quantities of iron or steel, including, without limitation, copper, brass, aluminum other than aluminum cans, bronze, lead, zinc, nickel, stainless steel, and alloys thereof, including stainless steel beer kegs.

(5) PERSON. An individual, partnership, corporation, joint venture, trust, association, or any other legal entity.

(6) PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION CARD. A driver’s license or identification card issued by the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency or a similar card issued by another state, a military identification card, a passport, or an appropriate work authorization issued by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services of the Department of Homeland Security.

(7) PHOTOGRAPH. A still photographic image, including an image captured in digital format, which is of such quality that the persons and objects depicted are identifiable.

(8) PURCHASE TRANSACTION. A transaction in which a secondary metals recycler gives consideration in exchange for regulated metal property.

(9) SECONDARY METALS RECYCLER. Any person, whether licensed or not licensed, who is engaged, from a fixed location or otherwise, in the business of paying compensation for ferrous or nonferrous metals, whether or not engaged in the business of performing the manufacturing process by which ferrous metals or nonferrous metals are converted into raw material products consisting of prepared grades and having an existing or potential economic value. The term does not include a pawnbroker licensed pursuant to Chapter 19A of Title 5, or a licensed automotive dismantler and parts recycler as defined in Section 40-12-410, unless the entities engage in the business of paying compensation for ferrous or nonferrous metals.

(10) VERIFIABLE DOCUMENTATION. Written evidence of ownership which may be verified, including, but not limited to, receipts, bills of sale, titles, certificates of title, purchase agreements, shipping manifests, work orders, etc.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-26 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-26
Section 13A-7-26 Criminal Tampering in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal tampering in the second degree if, having no right to do so or any reasonable ground to believe that he or she has such a right, the person:

(1) Intentionally or recklessly tampers with property of another for the purpose of causing substantial inconvenience to that person or to another; or

(2) Intentionally or recklessly tampers or makes connection with property of a utility.

(b) Criminal tampering in the second degree is a Class B misdemeanor.

(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the state, a county, or a municipality from taking any lawful action on its respective rights-of-way.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-287 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-287
Section 13A-6-287 Financial Exploitation of an Adult with a Disability - Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The financial exploitation of an adult with a disability in which the value of the property taken does not exceed five hundred dollars ($500) constitutes financial exploitation of an adult with a disability in the third degree.

(b) Financial exploitation of an adult with a disability in the third degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-6.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-6.1
Section 13A-9-6.1 Criminal Possession of Forged Instrument in the Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal possession of a forged instrument in the third degree if he or she possesses or utters a forged instrument of a kind covered in Section 13A-9-3.1 with knowledge that it is forged and with intent to defraud.

(b) Criminal possession of a forged instrument in the third degree is a Class D felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-95 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-95
Section 13A-7-95 Rulemaking Authority
Status: in_force

The Commissioner of the Department of Corrections shall adopt regulations as necessary to implement this article.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-184 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-184
Section 13A-6-184 Registration of Escort Business of Companionship
Status: in_force

(a) By August 31, 2016, a domestic or interstate business engaging in an escort business of companionship in this state must register with the Secretary of State.

(b)(1) A violation of subsection (a) is a Class A misdemeanor.

(2) A second or subsequent violation of subsection (a) is a Class D felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-155 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-155
Section 13A-6-155 Mandatory Restitution
Status: in_force

(a) A person or entity convicted of any violation of this article shall be ordered to pay mandatory restitution to the victim, prosecutorial, or law enforcement entity, with the proceeds from property forfeited under Section 13A-6-156 applied first to payment of restitution. Restitution under this section shall include items covered under Article 4A, commencing with Section 15-18-65 of Chapter 18 of Title 15, and any of the following:

(1) Costs of medical and psychological treatment, including physical and occupational therapy and rehabilitation, at the court’s discretion.

(2) Costs of necessary transportation, temporary housing, and child care, at the court’s discretion.

(3) Cost of the investigation and prosecution, attorney’s fees, and other court-related costs such as victim advocate fees.

(4) The greater of a. the value of the human trafficking victim’s labor as guaranteed under the minimum wage and overtime provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act; or b. the gross income or value to the defendant of the victim’s labor servitude or sexual servitude engaged in by the victim while in the human trafficking situation.

(5) Return of property, cost of damage to property, or full value of property if destroyed or damaged beyond repair.

(6) Expenses incurred by a victim and any household members or other family members in relocating away from the defendant or his or her associates, including, but not limited to, deposits for utilities and telephone service, deposits for rental housing, temporary lodging and food expenses, clothing, and personal items. Expenses incurred pursuant to this section shall be verified by law enforcement to be necessary for the personal safety of the victim or household or family members, or by a mental health treatment provider to be necessary for the emotional well-being of the victim.

(7) Any and all other losses suffered by the victim as a result of any violation of this article.

(b) For purposes of this section, the return of the victim to his or her home country or other absence of the victim from the jurisdiction shall not prevent the victim from receiving restitution.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-30 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-30
Section 13A-6-30 Chemical Endangerment of a First Responder
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of chemical endangerment of a first responder if he or she knowingly, recklessly, or intentionally causes or permits a first responder, as defined in Section 11-98-1, or a coroner or a deputy coroner, to be exposed to, to ingest or inhale, or to have contact with a Schedule I controlled substance, as provided in Section 20-2-23, or chemical substance, as defined in Section 26-15-2, or a mixture or combination thereof while performing his or her duties.

(b) For the purposes of this section, in addition to the definition contained in Section 13A-1-2, “serious physical injury” includes ingestion, inhalation, or contact with fentanyl, any mixture containing fentanyl, any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl, and any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl analogue as described in Sections 20-2-23 and 20-2-25.

(c)(1) Chemical endangerment of a first responder that causes physical injury is a Class C felony.

(2) Chemical endangerment of a first responder that causes serious physical injury is a Class B felony.

(3) Chemical endangerment of a first responder that results in the death of the first responder is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-10.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-10.1
Section 13A-5-10.1 Habitual Felony Offenders - Proof; Certified Copies of Case Action Summary Sheets, Docket Sheets, Etc
Status: in_force

(a) Certified copies of case action summary sheets, docket sheets or other records of the court are admissible for the purpose of proving prior convictions of a crime, if the prior conviction is otherwise admissible under the laws of this state.

(b) If the trial court determines that the defendant would be prejudiced by the admission of the documents described in subsection (a) the court may admit into evidence and inform the jury of the fact of the conviction but not allow the jury to view the prejudicial documents.

(c) If the document described in subsection (a) indicates that the defendant was represented by an attorney, it is presumed that the attorney was present in court with the defendant at all critical stages of the proceeding.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-194 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-194
Section 13A-10-194 Destructive Device or Bacteriological or Biological Weapon - Sales, Distribution, Etc
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful for a person to sell, furnish, give away, deliver, or distribute a destructive device, or a bacteriological or biological weapon to a person who is less than 21 years of age.

(b) A person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) shall be guilty of a Class A felony. If the defendant is a corporation or other entity, the corporation or other entity shall be fined not less than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) nor more than two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000). A corporation or other entity may also be sentenced to perform not less than 10,000 nor more than 25,000 hours of community service.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-144 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-144
Section 13A-8-144 Penalties
Status: in_force

The crime of theft by fraudulent leasing or rental of property shall be a Class A misdemeanor if the subject matter of the lease or rental agreement had a value of five hundred dollars ($500) or less; if the value of such property was in excess of five hundred dollars ($500), the crime shall be a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-1-7 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 1 / Section 13A-1-7
Section 13A-1-7 Applicability of Title to Offenses Committed Before and After Enactment of Title
Status: in_force

(a) The provisions of this title shall govern the construction of and punishment for any offense defined in this title and committed after 12:01 A.M. January 1, 1980, as well as the construction and application of any defense to a prosecution for such an offense.

(b) Unless otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires, the provisions of this chapter shall govern the construction of and punishment for any offense defined outside this title and committed after the effective date thereof, as well as the construction and application of any defense to a prosecution for such an offense.

(c) The provisions of this title do not apply to or govern the construction of and punishment for any offense committed prior to 12:01 A.M. January 1, 1980, or the construction and application of any defense to a prosecution of such an offense. Such an offense must be construed and punished according to the provisions of law existing at the time of the commission thereof in the same manner as if this title had not been enacted.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-300 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-300
Section 13A-11-300 Certain Motor Vehicle Speed Contests, Motor Vehicle Exhibitions of Speed, Motor Vehicle Sideshows, Etc., Prohibited
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) MOTOR VEHICLE BURNOUT. The practice of intentionally keeping a motor vehicle stationary by using the brake pedal or parking brake of the vehicle, while simultaneously engaging the gas pedal to allow one set of wheels to spin. The practice may result in the vehicle tires being heated to a sufficient degree so as to cause smoke to appear.

(2) MOTOR VEHICLE DONUT. The intentional and unnecessary operation of a motor vehicle in a manner that causes the vehicle to move in a zigzag or circular course or to gyrate or spin around. The term does not include maneuvering the otherwise lawfully operated vehicle when necessary to avoid collision, injury, or damage.

(3) MOTOR VEHICLE EXHIBITION OF SPEED. The operation of one or more vehicles from a starting point to an ending point, or over a common selected course, for the purpose of exhibiting the speed or power of the vehicle.

(4) MOTOR VEHICLE SPEED CONTEST. The operation of two or more vehicles at accelerated speeds from a starting point to an ending point in a competitive attempt to outdistance each other, or the operation of one or more vehicles over a common selected course from a starting point to an ending point for the purpose of comparing the relative speeds or power of acceleration of such vehicle or vehicles within a certain distance or time limit. The term includes drag racing.

(5) MOTOR VEHICLE SIDESHOW. An event in which one or more persons perform motor vehicle stunts, including burnouts, donuts, motor vehicle speed contests, motor vehicle exhibitions of speed, or reckless driving, for spectators.

(6) OFF STREET PARKING FACILITY. Any public or private lot, building, or space used for the parking of motor vehicles, regardless of whether charges are made for the use thereof.

(7) TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT OFFICER. Any parking enforcement officer or traffic enforcement officer, as designated by the applicable local governing body, who is not required to be certified by the Alabama Peace Officers’ Standards and Training Commission, and any law enforcement officer.

(b) (1) A person shall not engage in, aid or abet the furtherance of, or give consent for his or her vehicle to be used in, any of the following on a public road or highway, off street parking facility, or any other parcel of public or private property, without the consent of the owner of that property.

a. A motor vehicle speed contest.

b. A motor vehicle exhibition of speed.

c. A motor vehicle sideshow.

d. A motor vehicle burnout, motor vehicle donut, or other reckless driving maneuver.

(2) A person shall be deemed to give consent for his or her vehicle to be used in violation of this subsection if the person knew, or should have reasonably known based on the totality of the circumstances, that the person’s vehicle would be used to commit a violation of this subsection.

(c) A person convicted of violating subsection (b), for a first violation, shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor, and for a second or subsequent violation shall be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor. In addition, the court may prohibit the person from driving a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for a period not exceeding six months.

(d)(1) If a person operating a motor vehicle in violation of subsection (b) proximately causes bodily injury to another individual, or the offense proximately causes damage to any property, the person shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor. In addition, the court shall prohibit the person from operating a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for a period of six months.

(2) If a person commits a violation of subsection (b) and the commission of the offense proximately causes serious physical injury to a person other than the driver, the person shall be guilty of a Class C felony. In addition, the court shall prohibit the person from operating a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for a period of two years.

(3) If a person commits a violation of subsection (b) and the commission of the offense proximately causes death to any person, the person shall be guilty of a Class B felony. In addition, the court shall prohibit the person from operating a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state for not less than two years.

(e) Any contracts in place between an arresting municipality and the county for the actual housing costs of individuals housed in the county jail shall apply to an arrest made by a municipal police officer resulting in misdemeanor charges under this section. If no contract is in place, the arresting municipality shall reimburse the county for the actual housing costs of the incarceration of the individuals held on misdemeanor charges.

(f)(1) If a motor vehicle is observed by a traffic enforcement officer or recorded on an automated photographic or video traffic enforcement system to be in violation of this section, a traffic enforcement officer may cause the vehicle to be towed and impounded at the registered owner’s expense for not less than 48 hours. The traffic enforcement officer making the impoundment shall direct an approved towing service to tow the vehicle to the garage of the towing service, storage lot, or other place of safety and maintain custody and control of the vehicle for a minimum of 48 hours. The minimum impoundment period may be extended by order of the court. Thereafter, the registered owner or authorized agent of the registered owner may claim the vehicle by paying all reasonable and customary towing and storage fees for the services of the towing company. The vehicle shall then be released to the registered owner or an agent of the owner. Any towing service or towing company removing the vehicle at the direction of the traffic enforcement officer in accordance with this section shall have a lien on the motor vehicle for all reasonable and customary fees relating to the towing and storage of the motor vehicle. This lien shall be subject and subordinate to all prior security interests and other liens affecting the vehicle whether evidenced on the certificate of title or otherwise. Notice of any sale or other proceedings relative to this lien shall be given to the holders of all prior security interests or other liens by official service of process at least 30 days prior to any sale or other proceedings. An owner of a motor vehicle seized or impounded under this subdivision may contest the propriety of the seizure, continued impoundment, and associated fines or fees in accordance with the procedures of Section 20-2-93(1) or Rule 3.13(a) of the Alabama Rules of Criminal Procedure.

(2) If a person has been convicted of three or more violations of this section, the motor vehicle operated by the person in the commission of the offense shall be seized and forfeited pursuant to the procedures of Section 20-2-93.

(g) If a person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle is suspended or restricted by a court pursuant to this section, the court shall notify the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency and the license of the person shall be suspended or restricted for the period by the Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency pursuant to Section 32-5A-195.

(h) Nothing in this section applies to private motor speedways or other areas of private land where racing or stunt driving activities are authorized to be performed by the owner and operator thereof .

(i) Any local governing body may use an automated photographic or video traffic enforcement system to assist in the detection and recording of a violation of this section. Nothing in this subsection shall authorize the use of an automated traffic enforcement system for purposes of detecting red light or speed violations .
Ala. Code § 13A-6-240 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-240
Section 13A-6-240 Distributing a Private Image; Creating a Private Image
Status: in_force

(a)(1) A person commits the crime of distributing a private image if he or she knowingly posts, emails, texts, transmits, or otherwise distributes a private image when the depicted individual has not consented in writing to the transmission and the depicted individual had a reasonable expectation of privacy against transmission of the private image.

(2) A person commits the crime of creating a private image if he or she knowingly creates, records, or alters a private image when the depicted individual has not consented to the creation, recording, or alteration and the depicted individual had a reasonable expectation of privacy against the creation, recording, or alteration of the private image.

(b)(1) For purposes of this section, “private image” means a photograph, digital image, video, film, or other recording of an individual who is identifiable from the recording itself or from the circumstances of its transmission and who is engaged in any act of sexually explicit conduct, as defined in Section 13A-12-190.

(2) The term includes both of the following:

a. A recording that has been edited, altered, or otherwise manipulated from its original form.

b. A recording that a reasonable person would believe actually depicts an identifiable individual, regardless of whether any portion of the recording depicts another individual or is artificially generated.

(c)(1) For purposes of this section, a “reasonable expectation of privacy” includes, but is not limited to, either of the following circumstances:

a. The individual depicted in the private image created it or consented to its creation believing that it would remain confidential.

b. The sexual conduct depicted in the image was involuntary.

(2) There is no reasonable expectation of privacy against the transmission of a private image made voluntarily in a public setting or made with prior written consent in a commercial setting.

(d) It is a defense to distributing a private image if the distribution of the private image was made in the public interest, including, but not limited to, the reporting of unlawful conduct; the lawful and common practices of law enforcement, legal proceedings, or medical treatment; or a bona fide attempt to prevent further distribution of the private image.

(e) The crimes of distributing a private image and creating a private image shall be considered to be committed in any county in which any part of the crime took place, in the county of residence of the victim or defendant, or any county where the image is received.

(f) A violation of this section is a Class A misdemeanor. A subsequent adjudication or conviction under this section is a Class C felony.

(g) If the Attorney General has reason to believe a person has engaged in, or is engaging in, a violation of this section, the Attorney General may petition for an emergency injunction or other necessary relief to enjoin the violation, and may order the person to provide a copy of the written consent required by this section. (h) No Internet service provider, search engine, cloud service provider, or affiliate or subsidiary of any of the same, shall be held to have violated this section solely for providing access or connection to or from a website, other information or content on the Internet, or a facility, system, or network not under the control of the provider, including, but not limited to, the transmission, download, intermediate storage, or access software of content that is a private image or is child sexual abuse material to the extent the provider is not responsible for the creation of the content of the communication that constitutes the private image or child sexual abuse material. (i) No developer or provider of technology shall be held to have violated this section solely for providing or developing technology used by another person to violate this section.

(h) No Internet service provider, search engine, cloud service provider, or affiliate or subsidiary of any of the same, shall be held to have violated this section solely for providing access or connection to or from a website, other information or content on the Internet, or a facility, system, or network not under the control of the provider, including, but not limited to, the transmission, download, intermediate storage, or access software of content that is a private image or is child sexual abuse material to the extent the provider is not responsible for the creation of the content of the communication that constitutes the private image or child sexual abuse material.

(i) No developer or provider of technology shall be held to have violated this section solely for providing or developing technology used by another person to violate this section.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-233 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-233
Section 13A-12-233 Drug Trafficking Enterprise Defined; Punishment
Status: in_force

(a) This section shall be known as the “Alabama Drug Trafficking Enterprise Act.” For purposes of this section, a person is engaged in a criminal enterprise for the purpose of trafficking in illegal drugs if that person violates any provision of Section 13A-12-231, and such violation is:

(1) Undertaken by such person in concert with five or more other persons with respect to whom such person occupies a position of organizer, a supervisory position, or any other position of management, and

(2) From which such person obtains substantial income or resources.

(b) For purposes of this section, “substantial income” means any amount exceeding the established minimum wage, as established by law.

(c) Any person who engages in a criminal enterprise for the purpose of trafficking in illegal drugs shall be punished as follows:

(1) Upon the first conviction of violation of this section, he shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 calendar years or for any mandatory term of calendar years up to and including life without parole and to a fine of not less than $50,000.00 nor more than $500,000.00.

(2) Upon the second conviction of violation of this section, he must be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment for life without parole and to a fine of not less than $150,000.00 nor more than $1,000,000.00.

(3) In no event shall the term of imprisonment or the amount of fine imposed under this section be less than the corresponding term of imprisonment or fine authorized in Section 13A-12-231, for the underlying violation of that section, including application of the Habitual Felony Offender Act, as determined by the type and amount of the particular illegal drug involved.

(d) The courts of Alabama shall have jurisdiction to enter such restraining orders or prohibitions, or to take such other actions, including the acceptance of satisfactory performance bonds, in connection with any property or other interest subject to forfeiture under Section 20-2-93 as they shall deem proper.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-200.4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-200.4
Section 13A-12-200.4 Affirmative Defenses
Status: in_force

It shall be an affirmative defense to a charge of violating Sections 13A-12-200.2 and 13A-12-200.3 that the act charged was done for a bona fide medical, scientific, educational, legislative, judicial, or law enforcement purpose.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-15 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-15
Section 13A-8-15 Extortion in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) Extortion by means of a threat, as defined in paragraphs (13)b or (13)d through (13)k of Section 13A-8-1, constitutes extortion in the second degree.

(b) A person is not liable under this section for a threat, as defined in paragraph (13)e of Section 13A-8-1, if he honestly claims the property as restitution or indemnification for harm done in the circumstances to which the threat relates, or as compensation for property or lawful services. The burden of injecting the issue of claim of right is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(c) Extortion in the second degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-4
Section 13A-6-4 Criminally Negligent Homicide. (Amended by Act 2026-64)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-64, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person commits the crime of criminally negligent homicide if he or she causes the death of another person by criminal negligence.

(b) The jury may consider statutes and ordinances regulating the actor’s conduct in determining whether the actor is culpably negligent under subsection (a).

(c) Criminally negligent homicide is a Class A misdemeanor, except in cases in which the criminally negligent homicide is caused by the driver or operator of a vehicle or vessel who is driving or operating the vehicle or vessel in violation of Section 32-5A-191 or 32-5A-191.3; in these cases, criminally negligent homicide is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-191 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-191
Section 13A-10-191 Designation of Explosives
Status: in_force

The following materials are explosives within the meaning of Act 2009-718:

(1) Acetylides of heavy metals.

(2) Aluminum containing polymeric propellant.

(3) Aluminum ophorite explosive.

(4) Amatex.

(5) Amatol.

(6) Ammonal.

(7) Ammonium nitrate explosive mixtures, cap sensitive.

(8) Ammonium nitrate explosive mixtures, noncap sensitive.

(9) Ammonium perchlorate composite propellant.

(10) Ammonium perchlorate explosive mixtures.

(11) Ammonium picrate (picrate of ammonia, Explosive D).

(12) Ammonium salt lattice with isomorphously substituted inorganic salts.

(13) Ammonium tri-iodide.

(14) ANFO (ammonium nitrate-fuel oil).

(15) Aromatic nitro-compound explosives mixtures.

(16) Baratol.

(17) Baronol.

(18) BEAF [1,2-bis (2,2-difluoro-2-nitroacetoxyethane)].

(19) Black powder.

(20) Black powder based explosive mixtures.

(21) Blasting agents, nitro-carbo-nitrates, including noncap sensitive slurry and water-gel explosives.

(22) Blasting caps.

(23) Blasting gelatin.

(24) Blasting powder.

(25) BTNEC [bis (trinitroethyl) carbonate].

(26) BTNEN [bis (trinitroethyl) nitramine].

(27) BTTN (1,2,4 butanetriol trinitrate).

(28) Bulk salutes.

(29) Butyl tetryl.

(30) Calcium nitrate explosive mixture.

(31) Cellulose hexanitrate explosive mixture.

(32) Chlorate explosive mixtures.

(33) Composition A and variations.

(34) Composition B and variations.

(35) Composition C and variations.

(36) Copper acetylide.

(37) Cyanuric triazide.

(38) Cyclonite (RDX).

(39) Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX).

(40) Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX).

(41) Cyclotol.

(42) DATB (diaminotrinitrobenzene).

(43) DDNP (diazodinitrophenol).

(44) DEGDN (diethyleneglycol dinitrate).

(45) Detonating cord.

(46) Detonators.

(47) Dimethylol dimethyl methane dinitrate composition.

(48) Dinitroethyleneurea.

(49) Dinitroglycerine (glycerol dinitrate).

(50) Dinitrophenol.

(51) Dinitrophenolates.

(52) Dinitrophenyl hydrazine.

(53) Dinitroresorcinol.

(54) Dinitrotoluene-sodium nitrate explosive mixtures.

(55) DIPAM.

(56) Dipicrylamine.

(57) Dipicryl sulfone.

(58) Display fireworks.

(59) DNDP (dinitropentano nitrile).

(60) DNPA (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate).

(61) Dynamite.

(62) EDDN (ethylene diamine dinitrate).

(63) EDNA.

(64) Ednatol.

(65) EDNP (ethyl 4,4-dinitropentanoate).

(66) EGDN (ethylene glycol dinitrate).

(67) Erythritol tetranitrate explosives.

(68) Esters of nitro-substituted alcohols.

(69) Ethyl-tetryl.

(70) Explosive conitrates.

(71) Explosive gelatins.

(72) Explosive liquids.

(73) Explosive mixtures containing oxygen-releasing inorganic salts and hydrocarbons.

(74) Explosive mixtures containing oxygen-releasing inorganic salts and nitro bodies.

(75) Explosive mixtures containing oxygen-releasing inorganic salts and water insoluble fuels.

(76) Explosive mixtures containing oxygen-releasing inorganic salts and water soluble fuels.

(77) Explosive mixtures containing sensitized nitromethane.

(78) Explosive mixtures containing tetranitromethane (nitroform).

(79) Explosive nitro compounds of aromatic hydrocarbons.

(80) Explosive organic nitrate mixtures.

(81) Explosive powders.

(82) Flash powder.

(83) Fulminate of mercury.

(84) Fulminate of silver.

(85) Fulminating gold.

(86) Fulminating mercury.

(87) Fulminating platinum.

(88) Fulminating silver.

(89) Gelatinized nitrocellulose.

(90) Gem-dinitro aliphatic explosive mixtures.

(91) Guanyl nitrosamino guanylidene hydrazine.

(92) Guanyl nitrosamino guanyl tetrazene.

(93) Hexogene or octogene and a nitrated N-methylaniline.

(94) Hexolites.

(95) HMX (cyclo-l,3,5,7-tetramethylene-2,4,6,8-tetranitramine; Octogen).

(96) Hydrazinium nitrate/hydrazine/aluminum explosive system.

(97) Hydrazoic acid.

(98) Igniter cord.

(99) Igniters.

(100) Initiating tube systems.

(101) KDNBF (potassium dinitrobenzo-furoxane).

(102) Lead azide.

(103) Lead mannite.

(104) Lead mononitroresorcinate.

(105) Lead picrate.

(106) Lead salts, explosive.

(107) Lead styphnate (styphnate of lead, lead trinitroresorcinate).

(108) Liquid nitrated polyol and trimethylolethane.

(109) Liquid oxygen explosives.

(110) Magnesium ophorite explosives.

(111) Mannitol hexanitrate.

(112) MDNP (methyl 4,4-dinitropentanoate).

(113) MEAN (monoethanolamine nitrate).

(114) Mercuric fulminate.

(115) Mercury oxalate.

(116) Mercury tartrate.

(117) Metriol trinitrate.

(118) Minol-2 (40% TNT, ammonium nitrate, 20% aluminum).

(119) MMAN (monomethylamine nitrate); methylamine nitrate.

(120) Mononitrotoluene-nitroglycerin mixture.

(121) Monopropellants.

(122) NIBTN (nitroisobutametriol trinitrate).

(123) Nitrated carbohydrate explosive.

(124) Nitrated glucoside explosive.

(125) Nitrated polyhydric alcohol explosives.

(126) Nitrate sensitized with gelled nitroparaffin.

(127) Nitrates of soda explosive mixtures.

(128) Nitric acid and a nitro aromatic compound explosive.

(129) Nitric acid and carboxylic fuel explosive.

(130) Nitric acid explosive mixtures.

(131) Nitro aromatic explosive mixtures.

(132) Nitrocellulose explosive.

(133) Nitro compounds of furane explosive mixtures.

(134) Nitroderivative of a urea explosive mixture.

(135) Nitrogelatin explosive.

(136) Nitrogen trichloride.

(137) Nitrogen tri-iodide.

(138) Nitroglycerine (NG, RNG, nitro, glyceryl trinitrate, trinitroglycerine).

(139) Nitroglycide.

(140) Nitroglycol (ethylene glycol dinitrate, EGDN).

(141) Nitroguanidine explosives.

(142) Nitronium perchlorate propellant mixtures.

(143) Nitroparaffins Explosive Grade and ammonium nitrate mixtures.

(144) Nitrostarch.

(145) Nitro-substituted carboxylic acids.

(146) Nitrourea.

(147) Octogen (HMX).

(148) Octol (75% HMX, 25% TNT).

(149) Organic amine nitrates.

(150) Organic nitramines.

(151) PBX (RDX and plasticizer).

(152) Pellet powder.

(153) Penthrinite composition.

(154) Pentolite.

(155) Perchlorate explosive mixtures.

(156) Peroxide based explosive mixtures.

(157) PETN (nitropentaerythrite, pentaerythrite, tetranitrate, pentaerythritol tetranitrate).

(158) Picramic acid and its salts.

(159) Picramide.

(160) Picrate of potassium explosive mixtures.

(161) Picratol.

(162) Picric acid (manufactured as an explosive).

(163) Picryl chloride.

(164) Picryl fluoride.

(165) PLX (95% nitromethane, 5% ethylenediamine).

(166) Polynitro aliphatic compounds.

(167) Polyolpolynitrate-nitrocellulose explosive gels.

(168) Potassium chlorate and lead sulfocyanate explosive.

(169) Potassium nitrate explosive mixtures.

(170) Potassium nitroaminotetrazole.

(171) Pyrotechnic compositions.

(172) PYX [2,6-bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine].

(173) RDX (cyclonite, hexogen, T4,cyclo-l,3,5,-trimethylene-2,4,6,-rinitramine; hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-S-triazine).

(174) Safety fuse.

(175) Salts of organic amino sulfonic acid explosive mixture.

(176) Salutes, (bulk).

(177) Silver acetylide.

(178) Silver azide.

(179) Silver fulminate.

(180) Silver oxalate explosive mixtures.

(181) Silver styphnate.

(182) Silver tartrate explosive mixtures.

(183) Silver tetrazene.

(184) Slurried explosive mixtures of water, inorganic oxidizing salt, gelling agent, fuel and sensitizer, cap sensitive.

(185) Smokeless powder.

(186) Sodatol.

(187) Sodium amatol.

(188) Sodium azide explosive mixture.

(189) Sodium dinitro-ortho-cresolate.

(190) Sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate explosive mixture.

(191) Sodium picramate.

(192) Special fireworks.

(193) Squibs.

(194) Styphnic acid explosives.

(195) Tacot (tetranitro-2,3,5,6-dibenzo-l,3a,4,6a tetrazapentalene).

(196) TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene).

(197) TATP (triacetone triperoxide).

(198) TEGDN (triethylene glycol dinitrate).

(199) Tetranitrocarbazole.

(200) Tetrazene (tetracene, tetrazine, l(5-tetrazolyl)-4-guanyl tetrazene hydrate).

(201) Tetryl (2,4,6 tetranitro-N-methylaniline).

(202) Tetrytol.

(203) Thickened inorganic oxidizer salt slurried explosive mixture.

(204) TMETN (trimethylolethane trinitrate).

(205) TNEF (trinitroethyl formal).

(206) TNEOC (trinitroethylorthocarbonate).

(207) TNEOF (trinitroethylorthoformate).

(208) TNT (trinitrotoluene, trotyl, trilite, triton).

(209) Torpex.

(210) Tridite.

(211) Trimethylol ethyl methane trinitrate composition.

(212) Trimethylolthane trinitrate-nitrocellulose.

(213) Trimonite.

(214) Trinitroanisole.

(215) Trinitrobenzene.

(216) Trinitrobenzoic acid.

(217) Trinitrocresol.

(218) Trinitro-meta-cresol.

(219) Trinitronaphthalene.

(220) Trinitrophenetol.

(221) Trinitrophloroglucinol.

(222) Trinitroresorcinol.

(223) Tritonal.

(224) Urea nitrate.

(225) Water bearing explosives having salts of oxidizing acids and nitrogen bases, sulfates, or sulfamates, cap sensitive.

(226) Water-in-oil emulsion explosive compositions.

(227) Xanthamonas hydrophilic colloid explosive mixture.

(228) Other substances as listed hereafter pursuant to Section 13A-10-192.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-320 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-320
Section 13A-12-320 Deceptively Obtaining a Prescription for a Controlled Substance
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for any person to deceptively obtain a controlled substance, as defined in Section 20-2-2(4), from a medical practitioner by intentionally and knowingly withholding information from the medical practitioner that the person has obtained a prescription for the same controlled substance or another controlled substance of similar therapeutic use in a concurrent time period from another medical practitioner. The unlawful activity is complete upon the delivery of the prescription to the patient and occurs at the location of the delivery.

(b) A violation of subsection (a) constitutes a Class A misdemeanor punishable as prescribed by law.

(c) A person who commits a fourth or subsequent violation of subsection (a) within a five-year period commits a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-150 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-150
Section 13A-6-150 Short Title
Status: in_force

This article shall be known and may be cited as the Representatives Jack Williams and Merika Coleman Act.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-38 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-38
Section 13A-11-38 Doxing
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) FIREFIGHTER. The term as defined in Section 36-21-180.

(2) GOVERNMENTAL FUNCTION. The term as defined in Section 13A-10-1.

(3) LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER. An officer employed by the state, county, or municipality who is certified by the Alabama Police Officers’ Standards and Training Commission and who has the power of arrest.

(4) PERSONAL IDENTIFYING INFORMATION. Includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:

a. Home address.

b. Photographs or information of the victim’s children, including the schools they attend.

c. Any other information that would enable the victim to be harassed, threatened, or harmed.

(5) PUBLIC SERVANT. The term as defined in Section 13A-10-1.

(b) An individual commits the crime of doxing if he or she does either of the following:

(1) Intentionally electronically publishes, posts, or provides personal identifying information of another individual, with the intent that others will use that information to harass or harm that other individual, and the other individual is actually harassed or harmed.

(2) Intentionally electronically publishes, posts, or provides personal identifying information of a law enforcement officer, firefighter, or public servant, with the intent that others will use that information to harass, harm, or impede the duties of that law enforcement officer, firefighter, or public servant, and the law enforcement officer, firefighter, or public servant is actually harassed, harmed, or impeded from performing his or her governmental function.

(c)(1) A violation of subsection (b) is a Class A misdemeanor.

(2) A second or subsequent violation of subsection (b) is a Class C felony.

(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit any of the following:

(1) Political speech protected by the First Amendment of the United States Constitution.

(2) The publication of contact information of public officials by any individual or organization for the purpose of encouraging citizens to lobby the public official for or against any policy or legislative act. For purposes of this subdivision, contact information means an official address, email, or phone number used by the public official for his or her public service.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-41 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-41
Section 13A-10-41 Resisting Arrest
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of resisting arrest if he intentionally prevents or attempts to prevent a peace officer from affecting a lawful arrest of himself or of another person.

(b) Resisting arrest is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-90 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-90
Section 13A-12-90 Possession, Etc., of Stamp Prima Facie Evidence of Violation of Gambling Laws
Status: in_force

The holding, owning, having in possession of, or paying the tax of a wagering occupational tax stamp issued by the internal revenue authorities of the United States shall be held in all the courts of this state as prima facie evidence against the person holding such stamp in any prosecution of such person for violation of the gambling laws of this state.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-10 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-10
Section 13A-9-10 Criminal Simulation
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal simulation if:

(1) He makes or alters any object, with intent to defraud, so that it appears to have an antiquity, value, rarity, source or authorship that it does not in fact possess; or

(2) He possesses or utters an object so simulated with knowledge of its true character and with intent to defraud.

(b) Criminal simulation is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-21 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-21
Section 13A-12-21 Simple Gambling
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of simple gambling if he knowingly advances or profits from unlawful gambling activity as a player.

(b) It is a defense to a prosecution under this section that a person charged with being a player was engaged in a social game in a private place. The burden of injecting the issue is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(c) Simple gambling is a Class C misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-45 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-45
Section 13A-5-45 Sentence Hearing - Delay; Statements and Arguments; Admissibility of Evidence; Burden of Proof; Mitigating and Aggravating Circumstances
Status: in_force

(a) Upon conviction of a defendant for a capital offense, the trial court shall conduct a separate sentence hearing to determine whether the defendant shall be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole or to death. The sentence hearing shall be conducted as soon as practicable after the defendant is convicted. Provided, however, if the sentence hearing is to be conducted before the trial judge without a jury or before the trial judge and a jury other than the trial jury, as provided elsewhere in this article, the trial court with the consent of both parties may delay the sentence hearing until it has received the pre-sentence investigation report specified in Section 13A-5-47(b). Otherwise, the sentence hearing shall not be delayed pending receipt of the pre-sentence investigation report.

(b) The state and the defendant shall be allowed to make opening statements and closing arguments at the sentence hearing. The order of those statements and arguments and the order of presentation of the evidence shall be the same as at trial.

(c) At the sentence hearing evidence may be presented as to any matter that the court deems relevant to sentence and shall include any matters relating to the aggravating and mitigating circumstances referred to in Sections 13A-5-49, 13A-5-51, and 13A-5-52. Evidence presented at the trial of the case may be considered insofar as it is relevant to the aggravating and mitigating circumstances without the necessity of re-introducing that evidence at the sentence hearing, unless the sentence hearing is conducted before a trial judge other than the one before whom the defendant was tried or a jury other than the trial jury before which the defendant was tried.

(d) Any evidence which has probative value and is relevant to sentence shall be received at the sentence hearing regardless of its admissibility under the exclusionary rules of evidence, provided that the defendant is accorded a fair opportunity to rebut any hearsay statements. This subsection shall not be construed to authorize the introduction of any evidence secured in violation of the Constitution of the United States or the State of Alabama.

(e) At the sentence hearing the state shall have the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt the existence of any aggravating circumstances. Provided, however, any aggravating circumstance which the verdict convicting the defendant establishes was proven beyond a reasonable doubt at trial shall be considered as proven beyond a reasonable doubt for purposes of the sentence hearing.

(f) Unless at least one aggravating circumstance as defined in Section 13A-5-49 exists, the sentence shall be life imprisonment without parole.

(g) The defendant shall be allowed to offer any mitigating circumstance defined in Sections 13A-5-51 and 13A-5-52. When the factual existence of an offered mitigating circumstance is in dispute, the defendant shall have the burden of interjecting the issue, but once it is interjected the state shall have the burden of disproving the factual existence of that circumstance by a preponderance of the evidence.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-120 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-120
Section 13A-6-120 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this article, a child is defined as a person under 16 years of age.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-12 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-12
Section 13A-10-12 Tampering with Governmental Records
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of tampering with governmental records if:

(1) He knowingly makes a false entry in or falsely alters any governmental record; or

(2) Knowing he lacks the authority to do so, he intentionally destroys, mutilates, conceals, removes or otherwise substantially impairs the verity or availability of any governmental record; or

(3) Knowing he lacks the authority to retain a governmental record he refuses to deliver up the record in his possession upon proper request of a person lawfully entitled to receive such record for examination or other purposes.

(b) Tampering with governmental records is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-95 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-95
Section 13A-11-95 Duty to Inform Law Enforcement Officer Upon Request When in Possession of Concealed Pistol or Firearm
Status: in_force

Any person who knowingly possesses a pistol or firearm concealed on or about his or her person or in a vehicle occupied by the person, and who is asked by a law enforcement officer operating in the line or scope of his or her official duties whether he or she is armed with a concealed pistol or firearm, shall immediately inform the law enforcement officer that the person is in possession of a pistol or firearm.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-123 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-123
Section 13A-10-123 Intimidating a Witness
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of intimidating a witness if he attempts, by use of a threat directed to a witness or a person he believes will be called as a witness in any official proceedings, to:

(1) Corruptly influence the testimony of that person;

(2) Induce that person to avoid legal process summoning him to testify; or

(3) Induce that person to absent himself from an official proceeding to which he has been legally summoned.

(b) “Threat,” as used in this section, means any threat proscribed by Section 13A-6-25 on criminal coercion.

(c) Intimidating a witness is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-82 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-82
Section 13A-6-82 School Employee Having Sexual Contact with a Student Who Is Under the Age of 19 Years or Is a Protected Person Under the Age of 22 Years
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of a school employee having sexual contact with a student under the age of 19 years or having sexual contact with a student who is a protected person, as defined in Section 15-25-1, under the age of 22 years if he or she is a school employee and engages in sexual contact, as defined by Section 13A-6-60, with a student or student protected person, regardless of whether the student is male or female. Consent is not a defense to a charge under this section. The crime of a school employee having sexual contact with a student or student protected person is a Class C felony.

(b) A person commits the crime of a school employee soliciting a sex act with a student under the age of 19 years or soliciting a sex act with a student who is a protected person, as defined in Section 15-25-1, under the age of 22 years if he or she is a school employee and solicits, persuades, encourages, harasses, or entices a student or student protected person to engage in a sex act including, but not limited to, sexual intercourse, sodomy, or sexual contact, as defined by Section 13A-6-60. The crime of soliciting a student or a student protected person to perform a sex act is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-200.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-200.1
Section 13A-12-200.1 Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this division, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them by this section:

(1) ADULT BOOKSTORES and ADULT VIDEO STORES. A commercial establishment in which is offered for sale or rent any book, video, film, or other medium which in the aggregate constitute substantially all of its stock or inventory which depicts sexual conduct as defined herein.

(2) ADULT MOVIE HOUSE. A place where obscene “adult films” depicting sexual conduct are shown.

(3) ADULT-ONLY ENTERTAINMENT. Any commercial establishment or private club where entertainers, employees, dancers, or waiters appear nude or semi-nude.

(4) BREAST NUDITY. The showing of the post-pubertal human female breasts below a point immediately above the top of the areola.

(5) DISPLAY FOR SALE. To expose, place, exhibit, show, or in any fashion display any material for the purpose of the sale of such material to any person in a manner that a minor can physically examine or see the material.

(6) DISSEMINATE PUBLICLY. To expose, place, perform, exhibit, show or in any fashion display, in any location, public or private, any material in a manner that the material can either be readily seen and its content or character distinguished by normal unaided vision or be physically examined, by viewing or examining the material from any public place or any place to which members of the general public are invited.

(7) DISTRIBUTE. To import, export, sell, rent, lend, transfer possession of or title to, display, exhibit, show, present, provide, broadcast, transmit, retransmit, communicate by telephone, play, orally communicate or perform.

(8) EXPORT. To send or cause to be sent outside of the State of Alabama from inside the state.

(9) FOR ANY THING OF PECUNIARY VALUE. In exchange for, in return for, or for any consideration consisting of, whether wholly or partly:

a. Any money, negotiable instrument, debt, credit, chose in action, interest in wealth, or any other property whether real or personal, tangible or intangible; or

b. Any offer or agreement to pay, furnish or provide any money, negotiable instrument, debt, credit, chose in action, interest in wealth, or any other property whether real or personal, tangible or intangible.

(10) GENITAL NUDITY. The showing of the human male or female genitals or pubic area.

(11) HARMFUL TO MINORS. The term means:

a. The average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that the material, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest of minors; and

b. The material depicts or describes sexual conduct, breast nudity or genital nudity, in a way which is patently offensive to prevailing standards in the adult community with respect to what is suitable for minors; and

c. A reasonable person would find that the material, taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value for minors.

(12) IMPORT. To bring or cause to be brought into the State of Alabama from outside of the state.

(13) KNOWINGLY. The term means knowingly, as defined by Section 13A-2-2(2), doing an act involving a material when the person knows the nature of the material.

(14) KNOWS THE NATURE OF THE MATERIAL.

A person knows the nature of the material when any one of the following exists:

a. The person knows the nature of the material;

b. The person has reason to know the nature of the material;

c. The person has a belief or reasonable ground for belief as to the nature of the material which warrants further inspection or inquiry of the character and content of the material.

(15) MATERIAL. Any book, magazine, newspaper, printed or written matter, writing, description, picture, drawing, animation, photograph, motion picture, film, video tape, pictorial representation, depiction, image, electrical or electronic reproduction, broadcast, transmission, telephone communication, sound recording, article, device, equipment, matter, oral communication, live performance, or dance.

(16) MINOR. Any unmarried person under the age of 18 years.

(17) OBSCENE. The term means that:

a. The average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that the material, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest; and

b. The material depicts or describes, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct, actual or simulated, normal or perverted; and

c. A reasonable person would find that the material, taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value.

(18) PERSON. Any individual and, except where inappropriate, any partnership, firm, association, corporation or other legal entity.

(19) PRODUCE. Create, make, write, film, produce, reproduce, direct, or stage.

(20) RECKLESSLY. The term means recklessly, as defined by Section 13A-2-2(3), doing an act involving a material when the person knows the nature of the material.

(21) SADO-MASOCHISTIC ABUSE. The term means:

a. Flagellation or torture, in an act of sexual stimulation, by or upon a person who is nude or clad in undergarments or in a revealing or bizarre costume; or

b. The binding or physical restraining of a person who is nude or clad in undergarments or in a revealing or bizarre costume in an act of sexual stimulation.

(22) SEXUAL CONDUCT. The term means:

a. Any act of sexual intercourse, masturbation, urination, defecation, lewd exhibition of the genitals, sado-masochistic abuse, bestiality, or the fondling of the sex organs of animals; or

b. Any other physical contact with a person’s unclothed genitals, pubic area, buttocks, or the breast or breasts of a female, whether alone or between members of the same or opposite sex or between a human and an animal, in an act of sexual stimulation, gratification or perversion.

(23) SEXUAL INTERCOURSE. Intercourse, whether genital-genital, oral-genital, anal-genital, or oral-anal, and whether between persons of the same or opposite sex or between a human and an animal.

(24) WHOLESALER. A person who distributes material for the purpose of resale or commercial distribution at retail.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-202 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-202
Section 13A-12-202 Criminal Solicitation to Commit Controlled Substance Crime
Status: in_force

(a) A person is guilty of criminal solicitation to commit a controlled substance crime if he engages in the conduct defined as criminal solicitation in Section 13A-4-1(a), and the crime solicited is a controlled substance crime.

(b) The principles of liability and defenses for criminal solicitation to commit a controlled substance crime are the same as those specified in Sections 13A-4-1(b) through (e), and Section 13A-4-5.

(c) Criminal solicitation to commit a controlled substance crime shall be punished the same as the controlled substance crime solicited.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-5.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-5.1
Section 13A-8-5.1 Mail Theft
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) MAIL. A letter, postcard, package, bag, or other sealed article to which either of the following apply:

a. Is delivered by the United States Postal Service, a common carrier, or a delivery service and has not yet been received by the person to whom it is addressed.

b. Has been left in a location for delivery by the United States Postal Service, a common carrier, or a delivery service.

(2) SENSITIVE PERSONALLY IDENTIFYING INFORMATION. The term as defined under Section 8-38-2.

(b) A person commits the crime of mail theft if both of the following occur:

(1) The person takes mail addressed to another person from the addressee’s mailbox or other premises.

(2) The person acts without the effective consent of the addressee and with the intent to deprive the addressee of the mail.

(c)(1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, mail theft is a Class A misdemeanor.

(2) Mail theft is a Class D felony if mail is unlawfully taken from 10-29 addresses.

(3) Mail theft is a Class C felony if mail is unlawfully taken from 30 or more addresses.

(d) If it is established that a person committed mail theft under subsection (b) with the intent to obtain the sensitive personally identifying information to defraud the addressee, the person shall be punished as follows:

(1) If mail is unlawfully taken from less than 10 addresses, the person shall be guilty of a Class C felony.

(2) If mail is unlawfully taken from 10 or more addresses, the person shall be guilty of a Class B felony.

(e)(1) A person commits the crime of receiving stolen mail if the person intentionally receives, retains, or disposes of stolen mail knowing that it has been stolen or having reasonable grounds to believe it has been stolen, unless the mail is received, retained, or disposed of with intent to restore it to the owner.

(2) A person shall be deemed to have acted with the requisite intent, knowledge, and belief to commit the crime of receiving stolen mail if any of the following occur:

a. On two separate occasions within a year prior to the commission of the instant offense of receiving stolen mail, the person is found in possession or control of stolen mail or other stolen property.

b. The person possesses stolen mail that has recently been stolen.

c. The person regularly buys, sells, uses, or handles in the course of business property of the sort received, and acquired the property without making reasonable inquiry whether the person selling or delivering the property had a legal right to do so.

(3) For purposes of this subsection, the fact that the person who stole the mail has not been convicted, apprehended, or identified is not a defense to a charge of receiving stolen mail.

(4)a. Receiving stolen mail is a Class A misdemeanor.

b. Receiving stolen mail with sensitive personally identifying information with intent to defraud the addressee is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-210 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-210
Section 13A-10-210 Criminal Possession of Explosives
Status: reserved

Any criminal act committed by a person, any civil action initiated by any party, or pending criminal or civil matter relating to Section 13A-7-44, or as a result of a person’s conduct attributed to Section 13A-7-44, is hereby saved and may be continued and consummated according to the law in force when it was commenced. Furthermore, it is the intent of this section that the enactment of Act 2009-718 shall not be construed to affect any prosecution of any criminal or civil proceeding pending or begun before August 1, 2009, and Section 13A-7-44 is repealed as a result thereof.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-270 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-270
Section 13A-11-270 Airbag Fraud
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(1) AIRBAG. A motor vehicle inflatable occupant restraint system or any component thereof that satisfies both of the following:

a. Operates in the event of a crash.

b. Was designed in accordance with all applicable federal safety standards for the specific make, model, and year of the motor vehicle in which it is or will be installed.

(2) COUNTERFEIT AIRBAG. A replacement motor vehicle inflatable occupant restraint system or any component thereof displaying a mark identical or similar to the genuine mark of a motor vehicle manufacturer without authorization from the manufacturer.

(3) NONFUNCTIONAL AIRBAG. A replacement motor vehicle inflatable occupant restraint system or any component thereof that satisfies any of the following:

a. Was previously deployed or damaged.

b. Has a fault that is detected by the vehicle diagnostic system after the installation procedure is completed.

c. Includes any part or object, including, but not limited to, a counterfeit airbag, a nonfunctional airbag, or a repaired airbag cover, installed in a motor vehicle to mislead the owner or operator of such motor vehicle into believing that a functional airbag has been installed.

(b) A person commits the offense of airbag fraud if the person knowingly and intentionally as defined in Section 13A-2-2, does any of the following:

(1) Manufactures, imports, sells, offers for sale, installs, or reinstalls a counterfeit airbag, a nonfunctional airbag, or any other device to replace an airbag that the person knew was not designed in accordance with all applicable federal safety standards for the make, model, and year of the motor vehicle.

(2) Installs a used airbag in a motor vehicle and fails to disclose to the owner or lessee that a used airbag has been installed.

(3) Sells any device, or installs or reinstalls in any vehicle any device, that causes the vehicle’s diagnostic system to inaccurately indicate that the vehicle is equipped with a functional airbag when a counterfeit airbag, nonfunctional airbag, or no airbag is installed.

(4) Installs or requests another to install a counterfeit airbag or nonfunctional airbag and sells or offers to sell the vehicle to another person with the intent to deceive the purchaser about the existence of the counterfeit airbag or nonfunctional airbag in the vehicle.

(c) Airbag fraud is a Class A misdemeanor. If the fraud contributes to a person’s serious physical injury or death, airbag fraud is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-260 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-260
Section 13A-12-260 Drug Paraphernalia; Use or Possession; Delivery or Sale; Forfeiture
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the term “drug paraphernalia” means all equipment, products, and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use, or designed for use, in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing, concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise introducing into the human body a controlled substance in violation of the controlled substances laws of this state. It includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:

(1) Kits used, intended for use, or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, or harvesting of any species of plant which is a controlled substance or from which a controlled substance can be derived.

(2) Kits used, intended for use, or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, or preparing controlled substances.

(3) Isomerization devices used, intended for use, or designed for use in increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a controlled substance.

(4) Testing equipment used, intended for use, or designed for use in identifying, or in analyzing the strength, effectiveness, or purity of controlled substances.

(5) Scales and balances used, intended for use, or designed for use in weighing or measuring controlled substances.

(6) Dilutants and adulterants, such as quinine hydrochloride, mannitol, mannite, dextrose, and lactose, used, intended for use, or designed for use in cutting controlled substances.

(7) Separation gins and sifters used, intended for use, or designed for use in removing twigs and seeds from, or in otherwise cleaning or refining, marijuana.

(8) Blenders, bowls, containers, spoons, and mixing devices used, intended for use, or designed for use in compounding controlled substances.

(9) Capsules, balloons, envelopes, and other containers used, intended for use, or designed for use in packaging small quantities of controlled substances.

(10) Containers and other objects used, intended for use, or designed for use in storing or concealing controlled substances.

(11) Hypodermic syringes, needles, and other objects used, intended for use, or designed for use in parenterally injecting controlled substances into the human body.

(12) Objects used, intended for use, or designed for use in ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise introducing marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinols, cocaine, hashish, or hashish oil into the human body, including, but not limited to:

a. Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic, or ceramic pipes with or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads, or punctured metal bowls.

b. Water pipes.

c. Carburetion tubes and devices.

d. Smoking and carburetion masks.

e. Roach clips: Meaning objects used to hold burning material, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand.

f. Miniature cocaine spoons and cocaine vials.

g. Chamber pipes.

h. Carburetor pipes.

i. Electric pipes.

j. Air-driven pipes.

k. Chillums.

l. Bongs.

m. Ice pipes or chillers.

n. Glass tubes which are hollow, cylindrical items made of glass which are smaller than three-quarters of an inch in diameter, shorter than 12 inches in length, and which are not sealed with glass at both ends.

(b) In determining whether an object is drug paraphernalia, a court or other authority shall consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, all of the following:

(1) Statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use.

(2) Prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, under any state or federal law relating to any controlled substance.

(3) The proximity of the object, in time and space, to a direct violation of this section or to a controlled substance.

(4) The existence of any residue of controlled substances on the object.

(5) Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, to deliver it to persons whom he or she knows intend to use the object to facilitate a violation of the controlled substances laws of this state; the innocence of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, as to a direct violation of such laws shall not prevent a finding that the object is intended for use, or designed for use, as drug paraphernalia.

(6) Instructions, oral or written, provided with the object concerning its use.

(7) Descriptive materials accompanying the object which explain or depict its use.

(8) National and local advertising concerning its use.

(9) The manner in which the object is displayed for sale.

(10) Whether the owner, or anyone in control of the object, is a legitimate supplier of like or related items to the community, such as a licensed distributor or dealer of tobacco products.

(11) Direct or circumstantial evidence of the ratio of sales of the object or objects to the total sales of the business enterprise.

(12) The existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community.

(13) Expert testimony concerning its use.

(c)(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to use, or to possess with intent to use, or to use to inject, ingest, inhale, or otherwise introduce into the human body, drug paraphernalia to plant, propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, compound, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze, pack, repack, store, contain, or conceal a controlled substance in violation of the controlled substances laws of this state.

(2) Any person who violates this subsection is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished as prescribed by law.

(d)(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to use, deliver, or sell, possess with intent to deliver or sell, or manufacture with intent to deliver or sell, or to possess with intent to use, drug paraphernalia to manufacture a controlled substance in violation of the controlled substances laws of this state.

(2) Any person who violates this subsection is guilty of a Class C felony. If a person is in violation of this subsection and is in possession of a firearm at the time of the offense, the person shall be guilty of a Class B felony.

(e)(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to deliver or sell, possess with intent to deliver or sell, or manufacture with intent to deliver or sell drug paraphernalia, knowing that it will be used to plant, propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, compound, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze, pack, repack, store, contain, conceal, inject, ingest, inhale, or otherwise introduce into the human body a controlled substance in violation of the controlled substances laws of this state. Any person who violates this section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished as prescribed by law. A person who is convicted of a subsequent violation of this subsection shall be guilty of a Class C felony and punished as prescribed by law. Any person convicted of violating this subsection who previously has been convicted of violating subdivision (2) of this subsection shall be subject to the same penalties specified for subsequent violations of this subsection.

(2) Any person 18 years of age or over who violates subdivision (1) of this subsection by delivering drug paraphernalia to a person under 18 years of age who is at least three years his junior shall be guilty of a Class B felony and upon conviction shall be punished as prescribed by law.

(f) Notwithstanding subdivision (e)(1), a person may possess, deliver, or sell testing equipment designed to detect the presence of fentanyl or any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl analogue, as described in Sections 20-2-23 and 20-2-25.

(g) All drug paraphernalia used in violation of this section shall be contraband and be subject to the forfeiture laws of this state and Section 20-2-93, as amended, in particular.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-301 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-301
Section 13A-11-301 Operation of Motor Vehicle on Land Submerged Below Navigable or Non-navigable Waters
Status: in_force

(a) For purposes of this section, the term “motor vehicle” means any vehicle that is self-propelled or that is drawn by a self-propelled vehicle, including an off-road vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, motorcycle, motor scooter, and motorized trail bike. The term does not include a vessel or other watercraft designed for transportation on water.

(b) An individual may not operate a motor vehicle on any land submerged below navigable or non-navigable waters in this state.

(c) An individual may not operate a motor vehicle on any land that is within the natural boundary of a creek, brook, branch, stream, or similar waterway.

(d) A person who violates subsection (b) or (c) shall be punished as follows:

(1) On a first violation, a Class C misdemeanor.

(2) On a second violation, a Class B misdemeanor.

(3) On a third and any subsequent violation, a Class A misdemeanor.

(e) This section does not apply to any of the following:

(1) The operation of a motor vehicle on lands submerged below navigable or non-navigable waters while remaining on land that the operator of the motor vehicle owns or has permission to be upon.

(2) The operation of a motor vehicle pursuant to written authorization from the Director of the State Lands Division of the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

(3) Any utility engaged in providing retail or wholesale electric service.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-41 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-41
Section 13A-9-41 Deceptive Business Practices
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of deceptive business practices if in the course of engaging in a business, occupation, or profession, he:

(1) Uses or possesses for use a false weight or measure, or any other device for falsely determining or recording any quality or quantity; or

(2) Sells, offers or exposes for sale, or delivers, less than the represented quantity of any commodity or service; or

(3) Takes or attempts to take more than the represented quantity of any commodity or service when as buyer he furnishes the weight or measure; or

(4) Sells, offers or exposes for sale adulterated commodities; or

(5) Sells, offers or exposes for sale mislabeled commodities.

(b) It shall be a defense to a prosecution under this section if the actor acts neither knowingly nor recklessly. The burden of injecting the issue is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(c) “Adulterated” means varying from the standard of composition or quality prescribed by statute or lawfully promulgated administrative regulation, or if none, as set by established commercial usage.

(d) “Mislabeled” means:

(1) Varying from the standard of truth or disclosure in labeling prescribed by statute or lawfully promulgated administrative regulation, or if none, as set by established commercial usage; or

(2) Represented as being another person’s product, though otherwise labeled accurately as to quality and quantity.

(e) Deceptive business practices is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-5 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-5
Section 13A-8-5 Theft of Property in the Fourth Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The theft of property which does not exceed five hundred dollars ($500) in value and which is not taken from the person of another constitutes theft of property in the fourth degree.

(b) Theft of property in the fourth degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-124 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-124
Section 13A-6-124 Traveling to Meet a Child for an Unlawful Sex Act. (Amended by Act 2026-375)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-375, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

Any person who travels either within this state, to this state, or from this state by any means, who attempts to do so, or who knowingly causes another to do so or to attempt to do so for the purpose of engaging in any unlawful sex act with a child, including sexual intercourse, sodomy, a sexual performance, obscene sexual performance, or other sexual conduct for his or her benefit or for the benefit of another shall be guilty of traveling to meet a child for an unlawful sex act. Any person who violates this section commits a Class A felony. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a conviction under this section shall be considered a criminal sex offense under Section 15-20-21.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-38 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-38
Section 13A-8-38 Construction
Status: in_force

This article shall not be construed to repeal other criminal laws. Whenever conduct prescribed by any provision of this article is also prescribed by any other provision of law, the provision which carries the more serious penalty shall be applied.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-212 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-212
Section 13A-12-212 Unlawful Possession or Receipt of Controlled Substances
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful possession of controlled substance if:

(1) Except as otherwise authorized, he or she possesses a controlled substance enumerated in Schedules I through V.

(2) He or she obtains by fraud, deceit, misrepresentation, or subterfuge or by the alteration of a prescription or written order or by the concealment of a material fact or by the use of a false name or giving a false address, a controlled substance enumerated in Schedules I through V or a precursor chemical enumerated in Section 20-2-181.

(b) Unlawful possession of a controlled substance is a Class D felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-61 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-61
Section 13A-11-61 Discharging Firearm, Etc., into Occupied or Unoccupied Building, Etc., Prohibited; Penalty
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall shoot or discharge a firearm, explosive or other weapon that discharges a dangerous projectile into any occupied or unoccupied dwelling, building, railroad locomotive, railroad car, aircraft, automobile, truck, or watercraft.

(b) Any person who commits an act prohibited by subsection (a) with respect to an occupied dwelling, building, railroad locomotive, railroad car, aircraft, automobile, truck, or watercraft shall be guilty of a Class A felony.

(c) Any person who commits any act prohibited by subsection (a) with respect to an unoccupied dwelling, building, railroad locomotive, railroad car, aircraft, automobile, truck, or watercraft shall be guilty of a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-92 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-92
Section 13A-6-92 Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this article, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) COURSE OF CONDUCT. A pattern of conduct composed of a series of acts over a period of time which evidences a continuity of purpose.

(2) CREDIBLE THREAT. A threat, expressed or implied, made with the intent and the apparent ability to carry out the threat so as to cause the person who is the target of the threat to fear for his or her safety or the safety of a family member and to cause reasonable mental anxiety, anguish, or fear.

(3) ELECTRONIC TRACKING DEVICE. An electronic or mechanical device that permits the tracking of the movement of a person or object.

(4) HARASSES. Engages in an intentional course of conduct directed at a specified person which alarms or annoys that person, or interferes with the freedom of movement of that person, and which serves no legitimate purpose. The course of conduct must be such as would cause a reasonable person to suffer substantial emotional distress, and must actually cause substantial emotional distress. Constitutionally protected conduct is not included within the definition of this term.

(5) OWNER. An individual, other than the defendant, who has possession of or any other interest in the property involved and without whose consent the defendant has no authority to exert control over the property.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-200.5 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-200.5
Section 13A-12-200.5 Material Harmful to Minors - Distribution, Possession with Intent to Distribute, Display for Sale, Etc., Prohibited; Penalty; Affirmative Defenses; Operation of Adult-Only Enterprise Near Place Frequented by Minors; Exceptions; Disposition of Fines
Status: in_force

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly or recklessly distribute to a minor, possess with intent to distribute to a minor, or offer or agree to distribute to a minor any material which is harmful to minors. Any person who violates this subsection shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) and may also be imprisoned in the county jail for not more than one year.

(2)a. It shall be unlawful for any person to openly and knowingly display for sale at any business establishment frequented by minors, or any other place where minors are or may be invited as part of the general public, any material which is harmful to minors or to hire or employ a minor in an establishment that displays or disseminates material containing nudity or sexual conduct; provided, however, that a person shall not be deemed to have violated the provisions of this subsection, relating to display for sale, by displaying material harmful to minors in sealed wrappers or behind opaque covers commonly known as “blinder racks” so that in either event the material is located at a height of not less than five and one-half feet from the floor, the lower two-thirds of the material is concealed from view, the content of such material is not available for inspection by minors, and other reasonable efforts are made to prevent minors from perusing the material. Any person who violates this subsection shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) and may also be imprisoned in the county jail for not more than one year. Any person who hires or employs a person in violation of this subsection is guilty of a Class C felony and, upon conviction, shall be fined not less than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) nor more than fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

b. This section shall not be applicable to employment of minors in establishments that sell or rent video cassettes or films that contain nudity or sexual acts if the cover of the video cassettes or films does not contain a depiction of nudity or sexual acts and the video cassettes or films are displayed in a form that cannot be viewed without electrical or mechanical equipment and the equipment is not being used to produce a visual depiction of the material contained in the video cassette or film.

(3) The following shall be affirmative defenses to a charge of violating this section as it may relate to a particular minor:

a. The minor exhibited to the defendant, his agent or employee a draft card, driver’s license, birth certificate, marriage license or other governmental document purporting to show that such minor was not an unmarried person under the age of 18 years and the person to whom the document was exhibited did not otherwise have reasonable cause to believe that the minor was an unmarried person under the age of 18.

b. A parent or legal guardian accompanied the minor or consented to the act charged.

c. The defendant is the parent or legal guardian of the minor.

d. The act charged was done for a bona fide medical, scientific, educational, legislative, judicial or law enforcement purpose.

(4) It shall be unlawful for any person to operate an adult bookstore, adult movie house, adult video store, or other form of adult-only enterprise within 1,000 feet of a church, place of worship, church bookstore, public park, public housing project, daycare center, public or private school, college, recreation center, skating rink, video arcade, public swimming pool, private residence, or any other place frequented by minors. Any person who violates this subsection shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) and may also be imprisoned in the county jail for not more than one year.

(5) This subsection shall not be applicable to any video rental store that does not engage predominantly in and whose principle business is not the sale or rental of adult material, if the material is maintained in compliance with Section 13A-12-200.5(2), or is located in an area that is restricted to adults.

(6) If a person is held under this section in the county jail, one-half of any fines collected and due to be deposited to the State General Fund for violations of this section shall be paid by the Comptroller to the general fund of the county where the person is held for the operation of the county jail.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-84 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-84
Section 13A-8-84 Confiscation of Nonconforming Recordings, Equipment and Components
Status: in_force

It shall be the duty of any state, county or local law enforcement officer to confiscate all recorded material that does not conform to the provisions of this article and all equipment and components used or intended to be used in the manufacture of the infringing recordings and to deliver the nonconforming recorded devices, equipment and components to the State Attorney General or the appropriate local district attorney of the judicial district in which the confiscation was made. The provisions of this section shall apply to any nonconforming recording, regardless of lack of knowledge or intent on the part of the retail seller.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-170 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-170
Section 13A-6-170 Posting of National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline in Certain Establishments
Status: in_force

(a) All persons owning any establishment that requires a liquor license or alcoholic beverage license, and that does not also have a food or beverage permit, or both; any hotel that has been cited as a nuisance as defined in Sections 13A-12-110 to 13A-12-122, inclusive; any massage parlor where an employee has been cited with violating Section 45-13-41, or where the establishment has been cited as a nuisance as defined in Section 6-5-140; any airport, train station, or bus station; and any business that provides entertainment commonly called stripteasing or topless entertaining or entertainment that has employees who are not clad both above and below the waist shall post in a location conspicuous to the public at the entrance of the business or where such posters and notices are customarily posted, a poster of no smaller than 8 1/2 by 11 inches in size that states the following:

“If you or someone you know is being forced to engage in any activity and cannot leave - whether it is commercial sex, housework, farm work, or any other activity - call the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline at 1-888-373-7888 to access help and services.

”(1) Victims of human trafficking are protected under U.S. law.

”(2) The Toll-free Hotline is:

“a. Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

“b. Operated by a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization.

“c. Anonymous and confidential.

“d. Accessible in 170 languages.

“e. Able to provide help, referral to services, training, and general information.”

This subsection shall not apply to businesses providing entertainment in theaters, concert halls, art centers, museums, or similar establishments that are devoted primarily to the arts or theatrical performances, when the performances that are presented are expressing matters of serious literary, artistic, scientific, or political value.

(b) The poster shall be available on the Internet website of all of the following:

(1) The Alabama Alcoholic Beverage Control Board where documents associated with obtaining a liquor license or alcoholic beverage license are customarily located.

(2) The Alabama Public Service Commission.

(3) The Alabama Department of Labor.

(c) The owners shall print the poster from any of the Internet websites in subsection (b) or ask that the poster be mailed for the cost of printing and first class postage and post the sign in compliance with subsection (a).

(d) The Alcoholic Beverage Control Board, the Public Service Commission, and the Department of Labor shall post the sign on its Internet site in English, Spanish, and any other language deemed appropriate by the Commissioner of Labor. The owners shall obtain and post the posters in English, Spanish, and any other languages deemed appropriate by the Commissioner of Labor.

(e) The Alcoholic Beverage Control Board, the Public Service Commission, and the Department of Labor shall provide each applicable business or establishment with notice of mandatory compliance of this section.

(f) A person who violates this section shall be subject to a warning on the first violation and a fine not to exceed fifty dollars ($50) for each subsequent violation. The violation or noncompliance with this section, and each day’s continuance thereof, shall constitute a separate and distinct violation.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-81 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-81
Section 13A-8-81 Transfer, Manufacture, Distribution, Etc., of Certain Sounds Without Consent Prohibited; Applicability; Penalties; Recording Rights; Evidence of Performer’s Consent
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be a felony for any person to:

(1) Knowingly transfer or cause to be transferred, directly or indirectly, by any means, any sounds recorded on a phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, film, videocassette or other article now known or later developed on which sounds are recorded, with the intent, for commercial advantage or private financial gain, to sell or rent, or cause to be sold or rented, or to be used for profit through public performance, such article on which sounds are so transferred, without consent of the owner;

(2) Knowingly transfer or cause to be transferred, directly or indirectly, by any means, onto any phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, film, videocassette or other article now known or later developed, any live performance, for commercial advantage or private financial gain, without the consent of the owner; or

(3) Manufacture, distribute, transport or wholesale any article with the knowledge that the sounds or performances are so transferred without consent of the owner.

(b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any person engaged in radio or television broadcasting who transfers, or causes to be transferred, any such sounds other than from the sound track of a motion picture intended for, or in connection with broadcast or telecast transmission or related uses, or for archival purposes.

(c) Penalties for violations hereof are prescribed in Section 13A-8-86(a).

(d) Subdivision (a)(1) of this section applies only to sound recordings that were initially fixed prior to February 15, 1972.

(e) In the absence of a written agreement or operation of law to the contrary, the performer or performers of the live performance shall be presumed to own the rights to record or authorize the recording of the live performance. In any proceeding where a performer’s consent is in issue, a person who is authorized to maintain custody and control over business records reflecting consent shall be considered a proper witness, subject to all rules of evidence relating to competency and admissibility.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-10.2 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-10.2
Section 13A-8-10.2 Theft of Services in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The theft of services between one thousand five hundred dollars ($1,500) in value and two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) in value constitutes theft of services in the second degree.

(b) Theft of services in the second degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-55 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-55
Section 13A-12-55 Duty of Officer to Break into and Enter House
Status: in_force

The officer, in executing said warrant, shall break into and enter such house, room or part of a house, upon the refusal of the proprietor or any occupant thereof to open the same, and seize all gambling instruments and bring such instruments, together with all gambling devices and the parties that are found there, before the court which issued the warrant.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-1
Section 13A-12-1 Certain Acts Prohibited on Sunday
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2015-70 effective April 21, 2015.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-170 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-170
Section 13A-10-170 Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) For purposes of this section, the following words shall have the following meanings:

(1) CONTAGIOUS OR INFECTIOUS DISEASE. A specific highly communicable disease caused by one or more biological agents and that is generally found in livestock, including poultry, designated for human consumption.

(2) PROCESSED FOOD. Any food other than a raw agricultural commodity, including any raw agricultural commodity that has been subject to processing, such as canning, cooking, freezing, dehydration, or milling.

(3) RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY. Any food in its raw or natural state, including all fruits that are washed, colored, or otherwise treated in their unpeeled natural form prior to marketing.

(b) The offense of endangering the food supply is committed if a person knowingly does any of the following:

(1) Brings into this state any domestic animal that is affected with any contagious or infectious disease or any animal that has been exposed to any contagious or infectious disease.

(2) Exposes any animal in this state to any contagious or infectious disease.

(3) Delivers any poultry that is infected with any contagious or infectious disease to any poultry producer pursuant to a production contract.

(4) Except as otherwise permitted by Alabama law, brings or releases into this state any insect pest or exposes any plant to an insect pest.

(5) Exposes any raw agricultural commodity, animal feed, or processed food to any contaminant or contagious or infectious disease.

(c) The offense of endangering the food supply does not include bona fide experiments and actions related to those experiments carried on by commonly recognized research facilities or actions by agricultural producers and animal health professionals who may inadvertently contribute to the spread of detrimental biological agents while employing generally acceptable management practices.

(d) Endangering the food supply is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-65 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-65
Section 13A-6-65 Sexual Misconduct
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of sexual misconduct if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Engages in sexual intercourse with another person without his or her consent, under circumstances other than those covered by Sections 13A-6-61 and 13A-6-62; or with consent where consent was obtained by the use of any fraud or artifice.

(2) Engages in sodomy with another person, without his or her consent, under circumstances other than those covered by Sections 13A-6-63 and 13A-6-64; or with consent where consent was obtained by the use of fraud or artifice.

(3) Engages in sexual contact with another person without his or her consent under circumstances other than those under Sections 13A-6-66, 13A-6-67, and 13A-6-69.1; or with consent where consent was obtained by the use of fraud or artifice.

(b) Sexual misconduct is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-6 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-6
Section 13A-12-6 Hog and Canine Fighting
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the term “hog” shall mean a pig, swine, or boar.

(b) The crime of hog and canine fighting occurs when a person organizes or conducts any commercial or private event, commonly referred to as a “catch,” wherein there is a display of combat or fighting between one or more domestic or feral canines and feral or domestic hogs and in which it is intended or reasonably foreseeable that the canines or hogs would be injured, maimed, mutilated, or killed.

(c) The crime of hog and canine fighting occurs when a person intentionally does any of the following for the purpose of organizing, conducting, or financially or materially supporting any event as provided in subsection (b):

(1) Finance, commercially advertise, sell admission tickets, or employ persons.

(2) Own, manage, or operate any facility or property.

(3) Supply, breed, train, or keep canines or hogs.

(4) Knowingly purchase tickets of admission.

(d) This section shall not apply to the lawful hunting of hogs with canines or the use of canines for the management, farming, or herding of hogs which are livestock or the private training of canines for the purposes enumerated in this subsection provided that such training is conducted in the field and is not in violation of this section.

(e) A violation of this section is a Class A misdemeanor upon conviction for a first offense. A second or subsequent violation is a Class C felony. After a first violation, a judge shall inform the defendant of the enhanced penalty upon a second or subsequent violation.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-10 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-10
Section 13A-5-10 Habitual Felony Offenders - Proof; Restriction on Imposition of Penalty
Status: in_force

(a) The court may conduct a hearing upon the issue of whether a defendant is a repeat or habitual offender under Section 13A-5-9, according to procedures established by rule of court.

(b) Section 13A-5-9 does not apply to a corporation.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-41 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-41
Section 13A-5-41 Lesser Included Offenses
Status: in_force

Subject to the provisions of Section 13A-1-9(b), the jury may find a defendant indicted for a crime defined in Section 13A-5-40(a) not guilty of the capital offense but guilty of a lesser included offense or offenses. Lesser included offenses shall be defined as provided in Section 13A-1-9(a), and when there is a rational basis for such a verdict, include but are not limited to, murder as defined in Section 13A-6-2(a), and the accompanying other felony, if any, in the provision of Section 13A-5-40(a) upon which the indictment is based.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-20 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-20
Section 13A-9-20 Change Bills - Circulating
Status: in_force

Any person who passes or circulates in this state any paper issued without authority of law to answer the purpose of money shall, on conviction, be fined not less than $20.00 nor more than $100.00.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-290 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-290
Section 13A-12-290 License Suspended for Six Months; Crediting of Time
Status: in_force

In addition to any other penalty provided by law, the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall suspend for a period of six months the driver’s license of any person, including, but not limited to, a juvenile, child, or youthful offender, convicted or adjudicated of, or subjected to a finding of delinquency based on, the crimes specified in Section 13A-12-291. If, at the time of conviction, adjudication, or finding of delinquency, the individual did not have a driver’s license or the driver’s license had been suspended or revoked, there shall be a delay in the issuance or reinstatement of the driver’s license for six months after the individual applies for issuance or reinstatement. If the individual is ordered by a court to enter as a resident of an in-patient drug or alcohol rehabilitation facility, the suspension required by this section shall be effective immediately. If the individual voluntarily enters an in-patient drug or alcohol rehabilitation facility as a resident and the court approves the treatment either before or after treatment, the time in the treatment program shall be credited against any period of suspension required by this section. If ordered by a court to enter a facility, the individual shall surrender his or her driver’s license to the court and the court shall destroy the license. The individual shall receive credit for the time actually spent in a facility if he or she is released by the facility because the treatment is complete or the facility certifies that completion is not necessary. The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall be notified by the court within 10 days by mail, fax, or electronic means of the status of the individual’s license.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-292 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-292
Section 13A-12-292 Procedure
Status: in_force

Upon conviction or adjudication of, or finding of delinquency based on, any of the offenses enumerated in Section 13A-12-291, the court shall take the defendant’s driver’s license and immediately forward it to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency. Drivers’ licenses from other states shall also be subject to suspension. The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall coordinate with other states when out-of-state licenses are involved.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-190 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-190
Section 13A-10-190 Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this article, Section 13A-11-11, and Section 36-19-2.1, the following words shall have the following meanings:

(1) BACTERIOLOGICAL WEAPON or BIOLOGICAL WEAPON. A device which is designed in a manner to permit the intentional release onto any person, into the population or environment of microbial, or other biological agents or toxins or viral agents whatever their origin or method of production in a manner not otherwise authorized by law or any device the development, production, or stockpiling of which is prohibited pursuant to the “Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and Their Destruction,” 26 U.S.T. 583, TIAS 8063. The microbial or biological agents or viral agents shall include, but not be limited to, any of the following: Anthrax or any variation thereof, smallpox or any variation thereof.

(2) CONVICTION. An adjudication of guilt of or a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to the commission of an offense against the laws of this state, any other state or territory, the United States, or a foreign nation recognized by the United States. The term shall include the adjudication or plea of a juvenile to the commission of an act which if committed by an adult would constitute a crime under the laws of this state.

(3) DESTRUCTIVE DEVICE. a. An explosive, incendiary, or over-pressure device or poison gas which has been configured as a bomb; a grenade; a rocket with a propellant charge of more than four ounces; a missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-quarter ounce; a poison gas; a mine; a Molotov cocktail; or any other device which is substantially similar to these devices.

b. Any type of weapon by whatever name known which will or may be readily converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or other propellant, through a barrel which has a bore diameter of more than one-half inch in diameter. The term shall not include a pistol, rifle, or shotgun suitable for sporting or personal safety purposes or ammunition; a device which, although originally designed for use as a weapon, is redesigned for use as a signaling, pyrotechnic, line throwing, safety, or similar device; or surplus military ordnance sold, loaned, or given by authority of the appropriate official of the United States Department of Defense.

c. A weapon of mass destruction.

d. A bacteriological weapon or biological weapon.

e. A combination of parts either designed or intended for use in converting any device into a destructive device as otherwise defined in this Act 2009-718.

f. Nothing in this section or Sections 13A-10-193.1, 13A-10-193.2, or 36-19-2.1 shall prohibit the manufacture, possession, or transfer of a destructive device legally obtained in accordance with the provisions of the National Firearms Act.

(4) DETONATOR. A device containing a detonating charge that is used to initiate detonation in an explosive, including, but not limited to, electric blasting caps, blasting caps for use with safety fuses, and detonating cord delay connectors.

(5) DIRECTOR. The Director of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency.

(6) DISTRIBUTE. The actual, constructive, or attempted transfer from one person to another.

(7) EXPLOSIVE. A chemical compound or other substance or mechanical system intended for the purpose of producing an explosion capable of causing injury to persons or damage to property or containing oxidizing and combustible units or other ingredients in proportions or quantities that ignition, fire, friction, concussion, percussion, or detonator may produce an explosion capable of causing injury to persons or damage to property. The term explosive shall not include common fireworks, model rockets, and model rocket engines designed, sold, and used for the purpose of propelling recoverable aero models, or toy pistol paper caps in which the explosive content does not average more than 0.25 grains of explosive mixture per paper cap for toy pistols, toy cannons, toy canes, toy guns, or other devices using paper caps unless the devices are used as a component of a destructive device.

(8) EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL TECHNICIAN or EOD TECHNICIAN. a. A law enforcement officer, fire official, emergency management official, or an employee of this state or its political subdivisions or an authority of the state or a political subdivision who is currently accredited by the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Hazardous Devices School, or members of the Alabama National Guard who are qualified and trained as explosive ordnance disposal technicians under the appropriate laws and regulations when acting in the performance of their official duties.

b. An official or employee of the United States, including, but not limited to, a member of the Armed Forces of the United States, who is qualified as an explosive ordnance disposal technician under the appropriate laws and regulations when acting in the performance of his or her official duties.

(9) FELONY. An offense punishable by imprisonment for a term of one year or more, and includes conviction by a court-martial under the Uniform Code of Military Justice for an offense which would constitute a felony under the laws of the United States. A conviction of an offense under the laws of a foreign nation shall be considered a felony for the purposes of this article if the conduct giving rise to the conviction would have constituted a felony under the laws of this state or of the United States if committed within the jurisdiction of this state or the United States at the time of the conduct.

(10) HOAX DEVICE or REPLICA. A device or article which has the appearance of a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon.

(11) INCENDIARY. A flammable or combustible liquid or compound with a flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or less as determined by Tagliabue or equivalent closed-cup device including, but not limited to, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, or a derivative of these substances.

(12) MANUFACTURING. The process of combining two or more components necessary to produce a destructive device, over-pressure device, explosive, detonator, or poison gas, with the exception of commercially manufactured reactive targets used for recreational shooting purposes, or manufactured under provisions set forth under a permit issued by the State Fire Marshal.

(13) OVER-PRESSURE DEVICE. A frangible container filled with an explosive gas or expanding gas which is designed or constructed so as to cause the container to break or fracture in a manner which is capable of causing death, bodily harm, or property damage.

(14) POISON GAS. A toxic chemical or its precursors that through its chemical action or properties on life processes causes death or permanent injury to human beings. The term poison gas shall not include any of the following:

a. Riot control agents, smoke, and obscuration materials or medical products which are manufactured, possessed, transported, or used in accordance with the laws of the United States and of this state.

b. Tear gas devices designed to be carried on or about the person which contain not more than one-half ounce of the chemical.

c. Pesticides, as provided in subdivision (2) of Section 13A-10-209.

(15) PROPERTY. Real or personal property of any kind including money, choses in action, and other similar interests in property.

(16) PUBLIC BUILDING. A structure which is generally open to members of the public with or without the payment of an admission fee or membership dues including, but not limited to, structures owned, operated, or leased by the state, the United States, any of the several states, or a foreign nation or any political subdivision or authority thereof; a religious organization; any medical facility; any college, school, or university; or any corporation, partnership, or association.

(17) STATE FIRE MARSHAL. The State Fire Marshal who is appointed by the Commissioner of Insurance pursuant to Section 27-2-10.

(18) WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. Include any of the following:

a. Any destructive device as defined in this section.

b. Any weapon that is designed or intended to cause death or serious bodily injury through the release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals, or their precursors.

c. Any weapon involving a disease organism.

d. Any weapon that is designed to release radiation or radioactivity at a level dangerous to human life.

e. Any device, weapon, or vehicle designed to cause mass casualties.
Ala. Code § 13A-3-23 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 3 / Section 13A-3-23
Section 13A-3-23 Use of Force in Defense of a Person. (Amended by Act 2026-493)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-493, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person is justified in using physical force upon another person in order to defend himself or herself or a third person from what he or she reasonably believes to be the use or imminent use of unlawful physical force by that other person, and he or she may use a degree of force which he or she reasonably believes to be necessary for the purpose. A person may use deadly physical force, and is legally presumed to be justified in using deadly physical force in self-defense or the defense of another person pursuant to subdivision (5), if the person reasonably believes that another person is:

(1) Using or about to use unlawful deadly physical force.

(2) Using or about to use physical force against an occupant of a dwelling while committing or attempting to commit a burglary of such dwelling.

(3) Committing or about to commit a kidnapping in any degree, assault in the first or second degree, burglary in any degree, robbery in any degree, forcible rape, or forcible sodomy.

(4) Using or about to use physical force against an owner, employee, or other person authorized to be on business property when the business is closed to the public while committing or attempting to commit a crime involving death, serious physical injury, robbery, kidnapping, rape, sodomy, or a crime of a sexual nature involving a child under the age of 12.

(5) In the process of unlawfully and forcefully entering, or has unlawfully and forcefully entered, a dwelling, residence, business property, or occupied vehicle, or federally licensed nuclear power facility, or is in the process of sabotaging or attempting to sabotage a federally licensed nuclear power facility, or is attempting to remove, or has forcefully removed, a person against his or her will from any dwelling, residence, business property, or occupied vehicle when the person has a legal right to be there, and provided that the person using the deadly physical force knows or has reason to believe that an unlawful and forcible entry or unlawful and forcible act is occurring. The legal presumption that a person using deadly physical force is justified to do so pursuant to this subdivision does not apply if:

a. The person against whom the defensive force is used has the right to be in or is a lawful resident of the dwelling, residence, or vehicle, such as an owner or lessee, and there is not an injunction for protection from domestic violence or a written pretrial supervision order of no contact against that person;

b. The person sought to be removed is a child or grandchild, or is otherwise in the lawful custody or under the lawful guardianship of, the person against whom the defensive force is used;

c. The person who uses defensive force is engaged in an unlawful activity or is using the dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle to further an unlawful activity; or

d. The person against whom the defensive force is used is a law enforcement officer acting in the performance of his or her official duties.

(b) A person who is justified under subsection (a) in using physical force, including deadly physical force, and who is not engaged in an unlawful activity and is in any place where he or she has the right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a), a person is not justified in using physical force if:

(1) With intent to cause physical injury or death to another person, he or she provoked the use of unlawful physical force by such other person.

(2) He or she was the initial aggressor, except that his or her use of physical force upon another person under the circumstances is justifiable if he or she withdraws from the encounter and effectively communicates to the other person his or her intent to do so, but the latter person nevertheless continues or threatens the use of unlawful physical force.

(3) The physical force involved was the product of a combat by agreement not specifically authorized by law.

(d)(1) A person who uses force, including deadly physical force, as justified and permitted in this section is immune from criminal prosecution and civil action for the use of such force, unless the force was determined to be unlawful.

(2) Prior to the commencement of a trial in a case in which a defense is claimed under this section, the court having jurisdiction over the case, upon motion of the defendant, shall conduct a pretrial hearing to determine whether force, including deadly force, used by the defendant was justified or whether it was unlawful under this section. During any pretrial hearing to determine immunity, the defendant must show by a preponderance of the evidence that he or she is immune from criminal prosecution.

(3) If, after a pretrial hearing under subdivision (2), the court concludes that the defendant has proven by a preponderance of the evidence that force, including deadly force, was justified, the court shall enter an order finding the defendant immune from criminal prosecution and dismissing the criminal charges.

(4) If the defendant does not meet his or her burden of proving immunity at the pre-trial hearing, he or she may continue to pursue the defense of self-defense or defense of another person at trial. Once the issue of self-defense or defense of another person has been raised by the defendant, the state continues to bear the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt all of the elements of the charged conduct.

(e) A law enforcement agency may use standard procedures for investigating the use of force described in subsection (a), but the agency may not arrest the person for using force unless it determines that there is probable cause that the force used was unlawful.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-3
Section 13A-8-3 Theft of Property in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The theft of property which exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) in value, or property of any value taken from the person of another, constitutes theft of property in the first degree.

(b) The theft of a motor vehicle, regardless of its value, constitutes theft of property in the first degree.

(c)(1) The theft of property which involves all of the following constitutes theft of property in the first degree:

a. The theft is a common plan or scheme by one or more persons; and

b. The object of the common plan or scheme is to sell or transfer the property to another person or business that buys the property with knowledge or reasonable belief that the property is stolen; and

c. The aggregate value of the property stolen is at least one thousand dollars ($1,000) within a 180-day period.

(2) If the offense under this subsection involves two or more counties, prosecution may be commenced in any one of those counties in which the offense occurred or in which the property was disposed.

(d) Theft of property in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-43.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-43.1
Section 13A-5-43.1 Life Imprisonment for Certain Crimes by Persons Under 18 Years of Age
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a defendant is found guilty of any non-homicide crime for which the only sentence provided by law is life imprisonment without the possibility of parole and that defendant proves by a preponderance of the evidence that he or she was under the age of 18 years at the time of the offense, the sentence shall be life imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-88 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-88
Section 13A-6-88 Clergy Member Distributing or Soliciting Obscene Material to or from a Child
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful for a clergy member to do either of the following:

(1) Distribute or transmit, by any means, obscene matter that depicts sexual intercourse, sexual excitement, masturbation, breast nudity, genital nudity, or other sexual conduct to a child.

(2) Solicit a child to transmit, by any means, obscene matter that depicts sexual intercourse, sexual excitement, masturbation, breast nudity, genital nudity, or other sexual conduct to any person.

(b) A violation of subsection (a) is Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-37 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-37
Section 13A-8-37 Possession or Control of Stolen Property
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for a person to possess or control the following property knowing that it has been stolen or having reasonable grounds to believe it has been stolen, unless the property is possessed or controlled with intent to restore it to the owner:

(1) Metal property marked with the initials of an electrical company, a telephone company, a cable company, another public utility, a railroad, or a brewer.

(2) Utility access covers, manhole covers, or storm drain covers, unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(3) Street light poles and fixtures, unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(4) Road and bridge guard rails unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(5) Highway or street signs, traffic light signals, and traffic directional and control signs unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(6) Water meter covers unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(7) Metal beer kegs including those made of stainless steel that are clearly marked as being the property of a beer manufacturer unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(8) Metal property marked with the name of a government entity.

(9) Unused and undamaged building construction or utility materials consisting of copper, pipe, tubing or wiring, aluminum wire, or historical markers.

(10) Grave markers, vases, memorials, statues, plaques, or other bronze objects used at a cemetery or other location where deceased persons are interred or memorialized, unless the seller is a company that deals in the manufacture or sale of the aforementioned products.

(11) A copper, aluminum, or aluminum-copper condensing or evaporating coil, including its tubing or rods, from a heating or air conditioning unit, excluding scrap from window air conditioning units and automobile condenser coils, unless any one of the following criteria are satisfied:

a. The condenser coils are being sold by a licensed contractor, HVAC contractor, plumber, or electrician and a current and valid license with number is provided at the time of sale and copied or scanned by the secondary metals recycler at the time of sale.

b. The condenser coils are being sold by a person with verifiable documentation, such as a receipt or work order, indicating that the condenser coils are the result of a replacement of an air conditioner unit or condenser coils performed by a licensed contractor.

(b) Any person who violates the requirements of subdivision (a)(2) or (a)(10) shall be guilty of a Class C felony for a first offense, a Class B felony for a second offense, and a Class A felony for a third or subsequent offense within a 10-year period.

(c) Any person who violates the requirements of subdivision (1), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), or (9) of subsection (a) shall be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor for a first offense, a Class A misdemeanor for a second offense, and a Class C felony for a third or subsequent offense within a 10-year period.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-58 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-58
Section 13A-5-58 Interpretation of Article
Status: in_force

This article shall be interpreted, and if necessary reinterpreted, to be constitutional.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-13 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-13
Section 13A-10-13 Unlawful Use of Great Seal of State or Printing of Official Identification Card
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for anyone to use an image or facsimile of the Great Seal of the State of Alabama as described in Section 1-2-4 for any commercial purpose.

(b) It is unlawful for anyone to print or distribute, or both, a facsimile of an official identification card issued by the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, which does not have a disclaimer of the authenticity of the card printed on the front of the card. The disclaimer shall be of the same size and type as the type used for the largest type on the facsimile of an official identification card.

(c) A violation of subsection (a) or (b) of this section is a Class C felony punishable as provided by law.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-203 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-203
Section 13A-10-203 Records of Destructive Devices, Etc., and Reports of Loss or Theft
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be the duty of any person authorized by subdivision (1) of Section 13A-10-205 to manufacture, possess, transport, distribute, or use a destructive device, detonator, explosive, or hoax device within the state to maintain records on the devices and to report promptly the loss or theft of a destructive device, detonator, explosive, or hoax device to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency.

(b) Failure to maintain the records or to promptly report the loss shall be a Class C misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-182 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-182
Section 13A-6-182 Prosecution of Misdemeanor Prostitution Offenses
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding Section 12-14-1, a misdemeanor offense under Article 3 of Chapter 12 of this title, relating to prostitution offenses, including the attempt of any of the misdemeanor offenses included in Article 13, shall be prosecuted in the district court in the county where the offense occurred.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-193 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-193
Section 13A-6-193 Elder Abuse and Neglect - Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of elder abuse and neglect in the second degree if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Intentionally abuses or neglects any elderly person and the abuse or neglect causes physical injury to the elderly person.

(2) Recklessly abuses or neglects any elderly person and the abuse or neglect causes serious physical injury to the elderly person.

(3) Recklessly abuses or neglects or emotionally abuses any elderly person having been previously convicted of elder abuse and neglect in the third degree in any court.

(b) Elder abuse and neglect in the second degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-63 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-63
Section 13A-6-63 Sodomy in the First Degree. (Amended by Act 2026-55)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-55, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person commits the crime of sodomy in the first degree if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Engages in sodomy with another person by forcible compulsion.

(2) Engages in sodomy with another person who is incapable of consent by reason of being incapacitated.

(3) Being 16 years old or older, engages in sodomy with a person who is less than 12 years old.

(b) Sodomy in the first degree is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-72.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-72.1
Section 13A-11-72.1 Certain Convictions to Be Reported for Entry into the State Firearms Prohibited Person Database; Court Costs
Status: in_force

(a) Within 30 days after a conviction or final order in a case involving a misdemeanor charge of domestic violence, as defined in Section 13A-11-72, all municipal, probate, district, and circuit courts, electronically or in a method determined by the Alabama Justice Information Commission, shall report to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency for entry into the state firearms prohibited person database.

(b) All municipal courts shall also report to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency in a method determined by the commission for inclusion into the state firearms prohibited person database all other criminal convictions and orders that would cause an individual to be prohibited from possessing a firearm under federal or state law.

(c)(1) Within 30 days of a conviction or issuance of a court order that would result in an individual being prohibited from possessing a firearm under federal or state law, each municipal, county, and state court shall forward to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, in a manner prescribed by the commission, that conviction or court order.

(2)a. A court shall report to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, in a method determined by the commission, updates to any conviction or court order that was previously forwarded to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency, including notice of any appeal, expungement, pardon, commutation, or restoration of civil rights.

b. Upon receipt of notice of any appeal, expungement, pardon, commutation, or restoration of civil rights that would nullify the reason why an individual is prohibited from possessing a firearm under federal or state law, the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency shall accordingly adjust or remove that individual’s information in the state firearms prohibited persons database.

(d) Upon reporting a conviction or order to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency pursuant to this section, a court may collect fifty dollars ($50) in additional court costs, to be paid by the individual. Court costs collected under this subsection shall be distributed as follows:

(1) Ninety percent to the sheriff of the county in which the court is located, to be used for the administration of the concealed carry permit application process and other law enforcement purposes.

(2) Ten percent to the reporting court.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-6 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-6
Section 13A-9-6 Criminal Possession of Forged Instrument in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal possession of a forged instrument in the second degree if he possesses or utters any forged instrument of a kind specified in Section 13A-9-3 with knowledge that it is forged and with intent to defraud.

(b) Criminal possession of a forged instrument in the second degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-161 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-161
Section 13A-11-161 Publication of Certain Documents Considered Privileged
Status: in_force

The publication of a fair and impartial report of the return of any indictment, the issuance of any warrant, the arrest of any person for any cause or the filing of any affidavit, pleading or other document in any criminal or civil proceeding in any court, or of a fair and impartial report of the contents thereof, or of any charge of crime made to any judicial officer or body, or of any report of any grand jury, or of any investigation made by any legislative committee, or other public body or officer, shall be privileged, unless it be proved that the same was published with actual malice, or that the defendant has refused or neglected to publish in the same manner in which the publication complained of appeared, a reasonable explanation or contradiction thereof by the plaintiff, or that the publisher has refused upon the written request of the plaintiff to publish the subsequent determination of such suit, action or investigation.
Ala. Code § 13A-14-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 14 / Section 13A-14-4
Section 13A-14-4 Fraudulently Pretending to Be Clergyman
Status: in_force

Whoever, being in a public place, fraudulently pretends by garb or outward array to be a minister of any religion, or nun, priest, rabbi or other member of the clergy, is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $500.00 or confinement in the county jail for not more than one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-103 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-103
Section 13A-8-103 Acts Constituting Offense Against Computer Equipment or Supplies; Punishment
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2012-432, §11, effective August 1, 2012.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-164 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-164
Section 13A-11-164 Refusal to Testify by Printer of Libel or Defamation
Status: in_force

The printer or proprietor of any newspaper, handbill, advertisement or libel, the publication of which is punishable under this article, who refuses, when summoned, to appear and testify before either the grand or petit jury respecting the publication of such newspaper, handbill, advertisement or libel (not having a good excuse, to be determined by the court), is guilty of a contempt and also of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction of such misdemeanor, shall be fined not less than $20.00 nor more than $300.00 and may also be imprisoned in the county jail, or sentenced to hard labor for the county for not more than six months.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-129 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-129
Section 13A-10-129 Tampering with Physical Evidence
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of tampering with physical evidence if, believing that an official proceeding is pending or may be instituted, and acting without legal right or authority, he:

(1) Destroys, mutilates, conceals, removes or alters physical evidence with intent to impair its use, verity or availability in the pending or prospective official proceeding; or

(2) Knowingly makes, presents or offers any false physical evidence with intent that it be introduced in the pending or prospective official proceeding.

(b) “Physical evidence,” as used in this section, includes any article, object, document, record or other thing of physical substance.

(c) Tampering with physical evidence is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-20 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-20
Section 13A-7-20 Definitions
Status: in_force

The definitions contained in Sections 13A-7-40 and 13A-8-1 are applicable in this article unless the context otherwise requires.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-150 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-150
Section 13A-8-150 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this article, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) MANUFACTURE OF AN UNLAWFUL TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICE. The production or assembly of an unlawful telecommunication device or the modification, alteration, programming, or reprogramming of a telecommunication device to be capable of acquiring or facilitating the acquisition of telecommunication service without the consent of the telecommunication service provider.

(2) PUBLISH. The communication or dissemination of information to any one or more persons, either orally in person, or by telephone, computer network, radio, television, or in a writing of any kind, including, without limitation, a letter or memorandum, circular, handbill, newspaper, magazine article, or book.

(3) TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICE. Any type of instrument, device, machine, or equipment that is capable of transmitting or receiving telephonic, electronic, or radio communications, or any part of such instrument, device, machine or equipment, or any computer circuit, computer chip, electronic mechanism, or other component that is capable of facilitating the transmission or reception of telephonic, electronic, or radio communication.

(4) TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE. Any service provided for a charge or compensation to facilitate the origination, transmission, emission, or reception of signs, signals, data, writings, images, sounds, or intelligence of any nature by telephone, including cellular telephones, wire, radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photo-optical system.

(5) TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE PROVIDER. A person or entity providing telecommunication service including, but not limited to, a cellular, paging, or other wireless communications company or other person or entity which, for a fee, supplies the facility, cell site, mobile telephone switching office, or other equipment or telecommunication service.

(6) UNLAWFUL TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICE. Any electronic serial number, mobile identification number, personal identification number, or any telecommunication device that is capable, or has been altered, modified, programmed, or reprogrammed alone or in conjunction with another access device or other equipment so as to be capable of acquiring or facilitating the acquisition of a telecommunication service without the consent of the telecommunication service provider. The term includes, but is not limited to, telecommunication devices altered to obtain service without the consent of the telecommunication service provider, tumbler phones, counterfeit or illegally cloned microchips, scanning receivers of wireless telecommunication service of a telecommunication service provider, and other instruments capable of disguising their identity or location or of gaining access to a communication system operated by a telecommunication service provider. Excluded from being classified as unlawful is a common piece of telephone installation and maintenance equipment known as a dial set or butt-in-ski.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-196 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-196
Section 13A-12-196 Responsible Persons Permitting Children to Engage in Production of Child Sexual Abuse Material Guilty of Class a Felony
Status: in_force

Any responsible person, as defined in Section 26-15-2, who knowingly permits or allows his or her child, ward, or dependent under 18 years of age to engage in the production of any child sexual abuse material containing a visual depiction of the child, ward, or dependent shall be guilty of a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-8 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-8
Section 13A-10-8 Rendering a False Alarm
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of rendering a false alarm if he knowingly causes a false alarm of fire or other emergency involving danger to person or property to be transmitted to or within an official or volunteer fire department or any other governmental agency or to be transmitted to or within a hospital or nursing home or any building housing handicapped or immobile people.

(b) Rendering a false alarm except a false alarm concerning a hospital or nursing home or other building housing handicapped or immobile people to or within an official or volunteer fire department or any other governmental agency is a Class A misdemeanor. Rendering a false alarm concerning or to or within a hospital or nursing home or any building housing handicapped or immobile people shall be a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-31 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-31
Section 13A-11-31 Criminal Eavesdropping
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal eavesdropping if he intentionally uses any device to eavesdrop, whether or not he is present at the time.

(b) Criminal eavesdropping is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-8 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-8
Section 13A-5-8 Place of Imprisonment
Status: in_force

The place of imprisonment for sentences imposed in this state shall be as established elsewhere by law.
Ala. Code § 13A-1-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 1 / Section 13A-1-4
Section 13A-1-4 When Act or Omission Constitutes Crime
Status: in_force

No act or omission is a crime unless made so by this title or by other applicable statute or lawful ordinance.