Ala. Code § 13A-12-360 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-360
Section 13A-12-360 Unlawful Possession of Inhalants
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful possession of inhalants if he or she does either of the following:

(1) Inhales, ingests, uses, or possesses any compound, liquid, gas, or chemical that contains butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, secondary butyl nitrite, tertiary butyl nitrite, or any mixtures containing butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, secondary butyl nitrite, or tertiary butyl nitrite.

(2) Inhales, ingests, uses, or possesses any compound, liquid, gas, or chemical that contains nitrous oxide, commonly known as “laughing gas,” or any amyl nitrite, commonly known as “poppers” or “snappers.”

(b) Unlawful possession of inhalants is a Class A misdemeanor.

(c) Subsection (a) shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) The possession or use of the substances by a licensed hospital, as defined in Section 22-21-20, other health care facility, as defined in Section 22-21-311, or a licensed medical or dental practitioner, for the purposes of the lawful prescription, order, or administration to a patient and the possession or use of the substances by a patient pursuant to a lawful prescription, order, or administration.

(2) The possession or use of the substances by a manufacturer as part of a manufacturing process or industrial operation by a person at least 21 years of age.

(3) The possession or use of nitrous oxide as a propellant in food preparation for restaurant, food service, or houseware products by a person at least 21 years of age.

(4) The possession or use of nitrous oxide for automotive purposes by a person at least 21 years of age.

(d) The presence of additional flavoring in a substance or labeling on any part of a container of a substance referring to the substance being flavored shall create a rebuttable presumption against the exceptions listed in subsection (c).
Ala. Code § 13A-9-83 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-83
Section 13A-9-83 When Disclosure Label Not Required
Status: in_force

No charitable organization shall be liable under this article to place a disclosure label on any container that generates less than one hundred dollars ($100) gross per annum or a charitable organization that generates less than five hundred dollars ($500) per year from all sources for any charitable purpose or purposes combined.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-156 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-156
Section 13A-11-156 Additional Remedies
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any remedy available at law, any owner or operator of an animal or crop facility may apply to the circuit court of the county where the animal or crop facility is located for a temporary restraining order and an injunction to restrain any person, organization, or association from committing any violation of this article.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-51 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-51
Section 13A-8-51 Definitions
Status: in_force

When used in this article, the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings, respectively, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

(1) PHARMACY. Any building, warehouse, physician’s office, hospital, pharmaceutical house or other structure used in whole or in part for the sale, storage and/or dispensing of any controlled substance as defined in Section 20-2-2 as amended.

(2) PHARMACY ROBBERY. A person commits the offense of “pharmacy robbery” under this article if in the course of committing a theft of any controlled substance as defined in Section 20-2-2 such person violates Section 13A-8-41.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-120 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-120
Section 13A-8-120 “Cable Television Company” Defined
Status: in_force

As used in this article, unless the context requires otherwise, “cable television company” or “company” means any franchised or other duly licensed company which is operated or intended to be operated to perform the service of receiving and amplifying the signals broadcast by one or more television stations and redistributing such signals by wire, cable or other device or means for accomplishing such redistribution, to members of the public who subscribe to such service, or distributing through such company’s antennae, poles, wires, cables, conduits or other property used in providing service to its subscribers and customers any television signals whether broadcast or not.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-195 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-195
Section 13A-6-195 Financial Exploitation of an Elderly Person - First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The financial exploitation of an elderly person in which the value of the property taken exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) constitutes financial exploitation of the elderly person in the first degree.

(b) Financial exploitation of an elderly person in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-110 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-110
Section 13A-6-110 Soliciting a Child by Computer
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2009-745, p. 2233, §9, effective May 22, 2009.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-10 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-10
Section 13A-11-10 Public Intoxication
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of public intoxication if he appears in a public place under the influence of alcohol, narcotics or other drug to the degree that he endangers himself or another person or property, or by boisterous and offensive conduct annoys another person in his vicinity.

(b) Public intoxication is a violation.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-35 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-35
Section 13A-8-35 Exceptions
Status: in_force

This article shall not apply to purchases of metal property from any of the following:

(1) A law enforcement officer acting in an official capacity unless the law enforcement officer is investigating a compliance issue pursuant to this article or is presenting metal property for sale.

(2) A trustee in bankruptcy, executor, administrator, or receiver who has presented proof of such status to the secondary metals recycler.

(3) Any public official acting under a court order who has presented proof of such status to the secondary metals recycler.

(4) A sale or the execution, or by virtue, of any process issued by a court if proof thereof has been presented to the secondary metals recycler.

(5) A manufacturing, industrial, or other commercial vendor that generates or sells regulated metal property in the ordinary course of its business.

(6) A municipal, county, state, federal, or other governmental entity.

(7) A utility company.

(8) A funeral home or the owner or operator of a cemetery.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-20 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-20
Section 13A-6-20 Assault in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of assault in the first degree if:

(1) With intent to cause serious physical injury to another person, he or she causes serious physical injury to any person by means of a deadly weapon or a dangerous instrument; or

(2) With intent to disfigure another person seriously and permanently, or to destroy, amputate, or disable permanently a member or organ of the body of another person, he or she causes such an injury to any person; or

(3) Under circumstances manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life, he or she recklessly engages in conduct which creates a grave risk of death to another person, and thereby causes serious physical injury to any person; or

(4) In the course of and in furtherance of the commission or attempted commission of arson in the first degree, burglary in the first or second degree, escape in the first degree, kidnapping in the first degree, rape in the first degree, robbery in any degree, sodomy in the first degree or any other felony clearly dangerous to human life, or of immediate flight therefrom, he or she causes a serious physical injury to another person; or

(5) While driving under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance or any combination thereof in violation of Section 32-5A-191 or 32-5A-191.3, he or she causes serious physical injury to the person of another with a vehicle or vessel.

(b) Assault in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-2-3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 2 / Section 13A-2-3
Section 13A-2-3 Requirements for Criminal Liability in General and for Offenses of Strict Liability and of Mental Culpability
Status: in_force

The minimum requirement for criminal liability is the performance by a person of conduct which includes a voluntary act or the omission to perform an act which he is physically capable of performing. If that conduct is all that is required for commission of a particular offense, or if an offense or some material element thereof does not require a culpable mental state on the part of the actor, the offense is one of “strict liability.” If a culpable mental state on the part of the actor is required with respect to any material element of an offense, the offense is one of “mental culpability.”
Ala. Code § 13A-6-60 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-60
Section 13A-6-60 Definitions
Status: in_force

The following definitions apply in this article:

(1) FORCIBLE COMPULSION. Use or threatened use, whether express or implied, of physical force, violence, confinement, restraint, physical injury, or death to the threatened person or to another person. Factors to be considered in determining an implied threat include, but are not limited to, the respective ages and sizes of the victim and the accused; the respective mental and physical conditions of the victim and the accused; the atmosphere and physical setting in which the incident was alleged to have taken place; the extent to which the accused may have been in a position of authority, domination, or custodial control over the victim; or whether the victim was under duress. Forcible compulsion does not require proof of resistance by the victim.

(2) INCAPACITATED. The term includes any of the following:

a. A person who suffers from a mental or developmental disease or disability which renders the person incapable of appraising the nature of his or her conduct.

b. A person is temporarily incapable of appraising or controlling his or her conduct due to the influence of a narcotic, anesthetic, or intoxicating substance and the condition was known or should have been reasonably known to the offender.

c. A person who is unable to give consent or who is unable to communicate an unwillingness to an act because the person is unconscious, asleep, or is otherwise physically limited or unable to communicate.

(3) SEXUAL CONTACT. Any touching of the sexual or other intimate parts of a person done for the purpose of gratifying the sexual desire of either party. The term does not require skin to skin contact.

(4) SEXUAL INTERCOURSE. Such term has its ordinary meaning and occurs upon any penetration, however slight; emission is not required.

(5) SODOMY. Any sexual act involving the genitals of one person and the mouth or anus of another person.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-121.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-121.1
Section 13A-12-121.1 Offenses Involving Minors
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall commit an act of prostitution, as defined in Section 13A-12-120, with a minor.

(b) No person shall solicit, compel, or coerce any minor to have sexual intercourse or participate in any natural or unnatural sexual act, deviate sexual intercourse, or sexual contact for monetary consideration or other thing of marketable value.

(c) No person shall agree to engage in sexual intercourse, deviate sexual intercourse, or sexual contact with a minor or participate in the act for monetary consideration or other thing of marketable value and give or accept monetary consideration or other thing of value in furtherance of the agreement.

(d) No person shall knowingly do any of the following:

(1) Cause or aid a minor to commit or engage in prostitution.

(2) Procure or solicit a minor for prostitution.

(3) Provide premises for the prostitution of a minor.

(4) Receive or accept money or other thing of value pursuant to a prior agreement with a minor where the minor participates or is to participate in the proceeds of any prostitution activity.

(5) Operate or assist in the operation of a house of prostitution or a prostitution enterprise where minors participate in prostitution.

(6) Sell or offer to sell travel services that include or facilitate travel for the purpose of engaging in sexual intercourse, sexual acts, deviate sexual intercourse, or any other sexual contact with a minor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-74 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-74
Section 13A-11-74 License to Carry Pistol in Vehicle or Concealed on Person - Exceptions
Status: in_force

The provisions of Section 13A-11-72(c) shall not apply to marshals, sheriffs, prison and jail wardens and their regularly employed deputies, police officers and other law enforcement officers of any state or political subdivision thereof, or to the members of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, or Space Force of the United States or of the National Guard, or to the members of the National Guard organized reserves or state guard organizations when on duty or going to or from duty, or to the regularly enrolled members of any organization duly authorized to purchase or receive the weapons from the United States or from this state; provided, that those members are at or are going to or from their places of assembly or target practices, or to officers or employees of the United States duly authorized to carry a pistol, or to any person engaged in manufacturing, repairing, or dealing in pistols, or the agent or representative of a person possessing, using, or carrying a pistol in the usual or ordinary course of pistol manufacturing, repairing, or dealing business, or to any common carrier, except taxicabs, licensed as a common carrier, or to any person permitted by law to possess a pistol while carrying it unloaded in a secure wrapper, from the place of purchase to his or her home or place of business, or to or from a place of repair or in moving from one place of abode or business to another.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-3.3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-3.3
Section 13A-12-3.3 Delivery Prerequisites
Status: in_force

No person, other than a delivery service, shall mail, ship, or otherwise cause to be delivered a shipping package in connection with a delivery sale unless the following occur:

(1) The person, prior to the first delivery sale to the prospective consumer, obtains from the prospective consumer a written certification which includes a statement signed by the prospective consumer that certifies the prospective consumer’s current address and that the consumer is at least the legal minimum age.

(2) The person informs, in writing, the prospective consumer all of the following:

a. The signing of another person’s name to the certification described in this section is illegal.

b. Sales of cigarettes to individuals under the legal minimum age are illegal.

c. The purchase of cigarettes by individuals under the legal minimum age is illegal.

(3) The person makes a good faith effort to verify the date of birth of the consumer provided pursuant to this section against a commercially available database or by obtaining a photocopy or other image of a valid government-issued identification stating the date of birth or age of the prospective consumer.

(4) The person provides to the prospective consumer a notice which meets the requirements of Section 13A-12-3.4.

(5) The person receives payment for the delivery sale from the prospective consumer by a credit or debit card that has been issued in the consumer’s name, or by check, or other written instrument in the consumer’s name.

(6) The person ensures that the shipping package is delivered to the same address as is provided on the government-issued identification or as included in the commercially available database.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-39 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-39
Section 13A-8-39 Application
Status: in_force

This article shall apply to all businesses regulated under this article without regard to the location within the State of Alabama and shall take precedence over any and all local ordinances governing purchase transactions of metal property by a secondary metals recycler.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-40 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-40
Section 13A-7-40 Definitions
Status: in_force

The following definitions are applicable to this article:

(1) BUILDING. As used in this article, such term means any structure which may be entered and utilized by persons for business, public use, lodging or the storage of goods, and includes any vehicle, railway car, aircraft or watercraft used for the lodging of persons or for carrying on business therein. Where a building consists of two or more units separately secured or occupied, each unit shall not be deemed a separate building.

(2) EXPLOSIVES. Any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that is commonly used or intended for the purpose of producing an explosion and which contains any oxidizing and combustive units or other ingredients in such proportions, quantities or packing that an ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by detonator or by chemical action of any part of the compound or mixture may cause a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroying life or limb.

(3) EXPLOSION. A rapid, sudden and violent expansion of air or relinquishment of energy with resultant pressures that are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroying life or limb. “Explosion” includes, but is not limited to, a sudden and rapid combustion, causing violent expansion of the air, or the sudden bursting or breaking up or in pieces from an internal or other force. “Explosion” is not limited to cases caused by combustion or fire, but it may result from decomposition or chemical action.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-181 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-181
Section 13A-11-181 Person Convicted More Than Twice of Felony to Register with Sheriff of County of Residence
Status: in_force

It shall be the duty of any person who has been convicted more than twice of a felony under the laws of any state or the United States, who has not been restored to his civil rights by competent legal authority, and who resides within any county in the State of Alabama, to register within 24 hours after his arrival in the county, in a book of registration to be kept at the county courthouse, under the supervision of the county sheriff. Such person shall make a sworn statement upon blanks to be furnished by the sheriff, stating each offense for which he has been convicted, the time and place of conviction and his address while residing in the county.
Ala. Code § 13A-3-20 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 3 / Section 13A-3-20
Section 13A-3-20 Definitions
Status: in_force

The following definitions are applicable to this article:

(1) BUILDING. Any structure which may be entered and utilized by persons for business, public use, lodging, or the storage of goods, and includes any vehicle, aircraft, or watercraft used for the lodging of persons or carrying on business therein. Each unit of a building consisting of two or more units separately occupied or secured is a separate building.

(2) CONDUCT PERFORMED WITHIN A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER’S DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY. Governmental conduct by a law enforcement officer performing a legitimate job-related function or pursuing a job-related goal through means that were within the law enforcement officer’s plausible power to utilize. In determining whether governmental conduct was performed within a law enforcement officer’s discretionary authority, a court must temporarily put aside that the conduct may have been committed for an improper or unconstitutional purpose, in an improper or unconstitutional manner, to an improper unconstitutional extent, or under improper or constitutionally inappropriate circumstances. The court must determine whether, if done for a proper purpose, the conduct was within, or reasonably related to, the outer perimeter of a law enforcement officer’s governmental discretion in performing his or her official duties.

(3) DEADLY PHYSICAL FORCE. Force which, under the circumstances in which it is used, is readily capable of causing death or serious physical injury.

(4) DETENTION FACILITY OFFICER. Any guard or detention or jail officer who, in the exercise of his or her discretionary authority, is authorized to use physical force against persons and who is employed in a facility used for the confinement, pursuant to law, of any of the following persons:

a. Someone charged with or convicted of an offense.

b. Someone charged with being or adjudicated a youthful offender, a neglected minor, or juvenile delinquent.

c. Someone held for extradition.

d. Someone otherwise confined pursuant to an order of a court.

(5) DWELLING. A building which is usually occupied by a person lodging therein at night, or a building of any kind, including any attached balcony, whether the building is temporary or permanent, mobile or immobile, which has a roof over it, and is designed to be occupied by people lodging therein at night.

(6) FORCE. Physical action or threat against another, including confinement.

(7) LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER. Any peace officer or detention facility officer.

(8) PREMISES. The term includes any building, as defined in this section, and any real property.

(9) RESIDENCE. A dwelling in which a person resides either temporarily or permanently or is visiting as an invited guest.

(10) VEHICLE. A motorized conveyance which is designed to transport people or property.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-3
Section 13A-10-3 Refusal to Permit Inspection
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of refusing to permit inspection of property that is owned, possessed or otherwise subject to his control if, a public servant is legally authorized to inspect such property and an attempt is being made to exercise that authority and he:

(1) Refuses to produce the property for a reasonable inspection; or

(2) Refuses to permit a reasonable inspection.

(b) For the purposes of this section, “legally authorized inspection” includes any lawful search, sampling, testing or other examination of property, in connection with the regulation of the defendant’s business or occupation, that is authorized by law.

(c) Refusing to permit inspection is a Class C misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-96 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-96
Section 13A-6-96 Electronic Stalking in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person who, without the consent of the owner or except as otherwise authorized by law, places any electronic tracking device on the property of another person is guilty of the crime of electronic stalking in the second degree.

(b) A violation of this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

(c) In any criminal proceeding brought pursuant to this section, the crime shall be considered to have been committed in all of the following:

(1) The county in which any part of the crime took place.

(2) The county where the electronic tracking device was discovered.

(3) The county of residence of the owner of the property.

(d) The statute of limitations shall begin at the time of the discovery of the electronic tracking device.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-158 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-158
Section 13A-6-158 Limitation Period
Status: in_force

(a)(1) Except as provided in subsection (c), an action for an offense defined by this article where the victim is not a minor shall be brought within five years from the date the victim was removed or escaped from the human trafficking situation.

(2) Any statute of limitations that would otherwise preclude prosecution for an offense involving the trafficking of a minor, or the physical or sexual abuse of a minor, shall be tolled until such time as the victim has reached the age of 19 years.

(3) The running of the statute of limitations shall be suspended where a person entitled to bring a claim of an offense defined by this article could not have reasonably discovered the crime due to circumstances resulting from the human trafficking situation, such as psychological trauma, cultural and linguistic isolation, and the inability to access services.

(b) Any statute of limitation period imposed for the filing of a civil action under this article will not begin to run until the plaintiff discovers both that the sex trade act occurred and that the defendant caused, was responsible for, or profited from the sex trade act.

(1) If the plaintiff is a minor, then the limitation period will not commence running until he or she has reached the age of majority.

(2) If the plaintiff is under a disability at the time the cause of action accrues, so that it is impossible or impractical for him or her to bring an action, then the time of the disability is not part of the time limited for the commencement of the action. Disability includes, but is not limited to, insanity, imprisonment, or other incapacity or incompetence.

(3) If the plaintiff’s injury is caused by two or more acts that are part of a continuing series of sex trade acts by the same defendant, then the limitation period will not commence running until the last sex trade act in the continuing series occurs.

(4) If the plaintiff is subject to threats, intimidation, manipulation, or fraud perpetrated by the defendant or by any person acting in the interest of the defendant, then the time when these acts occur will not be part of the time limited for the commencement of this action.

(c) There shall be no limitation period for civil actions brought under this article by the Attorney General.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-43 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-43
Section 13A-7-43 Arson in the Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of arson in the third degree if he recklessly damages a building by a fire or an explosion.

(b) A person does not commit a crime under this section if no person other than himself has a possessory or proprietary interest in the damaged building.

(c) The burden of injecting the issue of justification in subsection (b) is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(d) Arson in the third degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-2-23 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 2 / Section 13A-2-23
Section 13A-2-23 Criminal Liability Based Upon Behavior of Another - Complicity
Status: in_force

A person is legally accountable for the behavior of another constituting a criminal offense if, with the intent to promote or assist the commission of the offense:

(1) He procures, induces or causes such other person to commit the offense; or

(2) He aids or abets such other person in committing the offense; or

(3) Having a legal duty to prevent the commission of the offense, he fails to make an effort he is legally required to make.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-143 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-143
Section 13A-8-143 Immunity from Liability for Giving of Notice
Status: in_force

Any lessor under a written lease or rental agreement having given notice in substantially similar form to that provided in this article shall be immune from civil or criminal liability for the giving of such notice and for proceeding under the forms of such notice.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-56 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-56
Section 13A-11-56 Using Firearms While Fighting in Public Place
Status: in_force

Any person who, while fighting in the streets of any city or town, or at a militia muster, or at any public place, whether public in itself, or made public at the time by an assemblage of persons, uses or attempts to use, except in self-defense, any kind of firearms shall, on conviction, be fined not less than $200.00 nor more than $500.00, and may also be imprisoned in the county jail or sentenced to hard labor for the county for not less than six months.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-250 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-250
Section 13A-12-250 Additional Penalty If Unlawful Sale on or Near School Campus
Status: in_force

In addition to any penalties heretofore or hereafter provided by law for any person convicted of an unlawful sale of a controlled substance, there is hereby imposed a penalty of five years incarceration in a state corrections facility with no provision for probation if the situs of such unlawful sale was on the campus or within a three-mile radius of the campus boundaries of any public or private school, college, university or other educational institution in this state.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-114 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-114
Section 13A-8-114 Phishing
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of phishing if the person by means of an Internet web page, electronic mail message, or otherwise using the Internet, solicits, requests, or takes any action to induce another person to provide identifying information by representing that the person, either directly or by implication, is a business, without the authority or approval of the business.

(b) Any person violating this section, upon conviction, shall be guilty of a Class C felony. Multiple violations resulting from a single action or act shall constitute one violation for the purposes of this section.

(c) The following persons may bring an action against a person who violates or is in violation of this section:

(1) A person who is engaged in the business of providing Internet access service to the public, owns a web page, or owns a trademark, and is adversely affected by a violation of this section.

(2) An individual who is adversely affected by a violation of this section.

(d) In any criminal proceeding brought pursuant to this section, the crime shall be considered to be committed in any county in which any part of the crime took place, regardless of whether the defendant was ever actually present in that county, or in the county of residence of the person who is the subject of the identification documents or identifying information.

(e) The Attorney General or the district attorney may file a civil action in circuit court to enforce this section and to enjoin further violations of this section. The Attorney General or the district attorney may recover actual damages or twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), whichever is greater, for each violation of subsection (a).

(f) In a civil action under subsection (e), the court may increase the damage award to an amount equal to not more than three times the award provided in subsection (d) if the court determines that the defendant has engaged in a pattern and practice of violating subsection (a).

(g) Proceeds from an action under subsection (e) shall first be used for payment of all proper expenses, including court costs, of the proceedings for the civil action with the remaining proceeds payable first towards the restitution of any victims, as determined by the court. Any remaining proceeds shall be awarded equally between the State General Fund and the office of the Attorney General, the office of the district attorney bringing the action, or both.

(h) An interactive computer service provider shall not be held liable or found in violation of this section for identifying, removing, or disabling access to an Internet web page or other online location that such provider reasonably believes by clear and convincing evidence that it is being used to engage in a violation of this section.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-200.11 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-200.11
Section 13A-12-200.11 Display of Genitals, Etc., for Entertainment Purposes; Violation; Disposition of Fines
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any business establishment or any private club to show or allow to be shown for entertainment purposes the human male or female genitals, pubic area, or buttocks with less than a fully opaque covering, or the showing of the female breast with less than a fully opaque covering of any portion thereof below the top of the nipple, or the depiction of covered male genitals in a discernibly turgid state. A violation of this section shall be a Class C felony.

If a person is held under this section in the county jail, one-half of any fines collected and due to be deposited to the State General Fund for violations of this section shall be paid by the Comptroller to the general fund of the county where the person is held for the operation of the county jail.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-31.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-31.1
Section 13A-8-31.1 Payment and Purchase Limitations
Status: in_force

(a) A secondary metals recycler may not enter into any cash transactions in excess of fifty dollars ($50) for copper, copper/aluminum air conditioning coils, or catalytic converters, or any items described in subdivision (a)(2) or (a)(10) of Section 13A-8-37, or any cash transaction in excess of five hundred dollars ($500) for all other metals in payment for the purchase of metal property. Payment by check may be made payable only to the person whose information was recorded pursuant to Section 13A-8-31.

(b) It shall be unlawful for a secondary metals recycler to purchase metal property from a person younger than 18 years of age.

(c) Metal property may not be purchased between the hours of 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m.

(d) Any person who intentionally violates the requirements of this section shall be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor for a first offense, a Class A misdemeanor for a second offense, and a Class C felony for a third or subsequent offense within a 10-year period.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-131 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-131
Section 13A-12-131 Public Display of Obscene Sticker, Sign, Etc
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any person to display in public any bumper sticker, sign or writing which depicts obscene language descriptive of sexual or excretory activities. Any person convicted of a violation of this section shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor and shall be punished as prescribed by law.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-82.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-82.1
Section 13A-6-82.1 School Employee Distributing or Soliciting Obscene Material to or from a Student
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful for a school employee to do either of the following:

(1) Distribute or transmit, by any means, obscene matter that depicts sexual intercourse, sexual excitement, masturbation, breast nudity, genital nudity, or other sexual conduct to a student.

(2) Solicit a student to transmit, by any means, obscene matter that depicts sexual intercourse, sexual excitement, masturbation, breast nudity, genital nudity, or other sexual conduct to any person.

(b) A school employee distributing or soliciting obscene material to or from a student in violation of subsection (a) is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-49 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-49
Section 13A-5-49 Aggravating Circumstances
Status: in_force

Aggravating circumstances shall be any of the following:

(1) The capital offense was committed by a person under sentence of imprisonment.

(2) The defendant was previously convicted of another capital offense or a felony involving the use or threat of violence to the person.

(3) The defendant knowingly created a great risk of death to many persons.

(4) The capital offense was committed while the defendant was engaged or was an accomplice in the commission of, or an attempt to commit, or flight after committing, or attempting to commit, rape, robbery, burglary, or kidnapping.

(5) The capital offense was committed for the purpose of avoiding or preventing a lawful arrest or effecting an escape from custody.

(6) The capital offense was committed for pecuniary gain.

(7) The capital offense was committed to disrupt or hinder the lawful exercise of any governmental function or the enforcement of laws.

(8) The capital offense was especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel compared to other capital offenses.

(9) The defendant intentionally caused the death of two or more persons by one act or pursuant to one scheme or course of conduct.

(10) The capital offense was one of a series of intentional killings committed by the defendant.

(11) The capital offense was committed when the victim was less than 14 years of age.

(12) The capital offense was committed by the defendant in the presence of a child under the age of 14 years at the time of the offense, if the victim was the parent or legal guardian of the child. For the purposes of this subdivision, “in the presence of a child” means in the physical presence of a child or having knowledge that a child is present and may see or hear the act.

(13) The victim of the capital offense was any police officer, sheriff, deputy, state trooper, federal law enforcement officer, or any other state or federal peace officer of any kind, or prison or jail guard, while the officer or guard was on duty, regardless of whether the defendant knew or should have known the victim was an officer or guard on duty, or because of some official or job-related act or performance of the officer or guard.

(14) The victim of the capital offense was a first responder who was operating in an official capacity. For the purposes of this subdivision, first responder includes emergency medical services personnel licensed by the Alabama Department of Public Health, as well as firefighters and volunteer firefighters as defined by Section 36-32-1.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-52 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-52
Section 13A-9-52 Sale and Delivery of Coal Mixed with Other Substances or Materials or with Different Quality of Coal
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who knowingly sells and delivers any coal which has been mixed or loaded in the delivery container together with any substance or material other than coal or together with coal of a different quality with intent to defraud the purchaser of such coal or with the intent to obtain a higher price for such coal by inducing the purchaser to believe that such coal is of a higher quality or different quality than is actually delivered shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction, be fined not less than $100.00 nor more than $2,000.00 for each offense, and may also be imprisoned in the county jail for not more than one year for each offense; provided, that the blending of coal with coal of a different quality in order to achieve contract specifications is not prohibited by this section.

(b) For the purposes of this section, the sale and delivery of each delivery container shall constitute a separate offense. A delivery container is a truck, railroad car, barge or any other means or device by which coal is delivered to the purchaser. Sale and delivery is consummated when the container is accepted by the purchaser.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-200.12 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-200.12
Section 13A-12-200.12 Special Operating License for Adult-Only Enterprises; Advertisement; Revocation of License
Status: in_force

(a) Any business establishment that operates as an “adult bookstore,” “adult movie house,” “adult video store,” or other form of adult-only entertainment enterprise shall obtain in addition to any licenses required by existing law a special operating license, except that a video rental store that does not engage predominantly in and whose principle business is not the sale or rental of adult material, if it is maintained in compliance with Section 13A-12-200.5(2) or is located in an area restricted to adults. Persons who apply for the license shall provide on the application detailed information concerning ownership and financing, and pay an investigation fee of five hundred dollars ($500) to the county or municipality wherein the business establishment will be located.

(b) If granted the license, the local government, in its discretion, may restrict the type of advertisement that the business establishment can display outside the establishment.

(c) The license shall be revoked if the business establishment is convicted of violating this division.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-12 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-12
Section 13A-5-12 Fines for Misdemeanors and Violations
Status: in_force

(a) A sentence to pay a fine for a misdemeanor shall be for a definite amount, fixed by the court, within the following limitations:

(1) For a Class A misdemeanor, not more than $6,000;

(2) For a Class B misdemeanor, not more than $3,000;

(3) For a Class C misdemeanor, not more than $500; or

(4) Any amount not exceeding double the pecuniary gain to the defendant or loss to the victim caused by the commission of the offense.

(b) A sentence to pay a fine for a violation shall be for a definite amount, fixed by the court, not to exceed $200, or any amount not exceeding double the pecuniary gain to the defendant or loss to the victim caused by the commission of the offense.

(c) As used in this section, “gain” means the amount of money or the value of property derived from the commission of the crime, less the amount of money or the value of property returned to the victim of the crime or seized or surrendered to lawful authority prior to the time sentence is imposed. “Value” shall be determined by the standards established in subdivision (14) of Section 13A-8-1.

(d) The court may conduct a hearing upon the issue of defendant’s gain or the victim’s loss from the crime according to procedures established by rule of court.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-8 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-8
Section 13A-7-8 Possession of Burglar’s Tools
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of possession of burglar’s tools if he:

(1) Possesses any explosive, tool, instrument or other article adapted, designed or commonly used for committing or facilitating the commission of an offense involving forcible entry into premises or theft by a physical taking; and

(2) Intends to use the thing possessed in the commission of an offense of the nature described in subdivision (a) (1) of this section.

(b) Possession of burglar’s tools is a Class C felony. (Acts 1977, No. 607, p. 812, §2615.)
Ala. Code § 13A-10-107 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-107
Section 13A-10-107 When Retraction of False Statement Bar to Perjury Conviction
Status: in_force

No person shall be convicted of perjury if he retracted his false statement in the course of the same proceeding in which it was made before it became manifest that the falsification was or would be exposed. Statements made in separate hearings at separate stages of the same trial or administrative proceeding shall be deemed to have been made in the course of the same proceeding. The burden of injecting the issue of retraction is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-78 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-78
Section 13A-11-78 Dealers’ Licenses - Required
Status: in_force

No retail dealer shall sell or otherwise transfer, or expose for sale or transfer, or have in his possession with intent to sell, or otherwise transfer, any pistol without being licensed as hereinafter provided.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-11 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-11
Section 13A-11-11 Falsely Reporting an Incident
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of falsely reporting an incident if with knowledge that the information reported, conveyed, or circulated is false, he or she initiates or circulates a false report or warning of an alleged occurrence or impending occurrence of a fire, bomb, explosion, crime, catastrophe, or emergency or the alleged release or impending release of a hazardous or dangerous substance, including, but not limited to, chemical, biological, or bacteriological substance or any nerve agent under circumstances in which it is likely to cause evacuation of a building, place of assembly, or transportation facility, or to cause public inconvenience or alarm.

(b) Falsely reporting an incident is a Class A misdemeanor except that falsely reporting an incident of a bomb or explosion or the alleged release or impending release of a hazardous or dangerous substance is a Class C felony. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, if the objective or target of the person listed in subsection (a) is to interfere with the attendance, operation, activities, or other business conducted at a public or private school, university, college, or other educational institution in this state, no part of a sentence imposed pursuant to subsection (a) or this subsection shall be probated, deferred, suspended, or withheld, and no person sentenced pursuant to subsection (a) or this subsection shall be eligible for early release, leave, work release, earned time, good time, or any other program administered by an agency of the executive or judicial branches of this state which would have the effect of reducing or mitigating the sentence until the defendant has completed the minimum sentence pursuant to subsection (a) or this subsection.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-44 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-44
Section 13A-6-44 Kidnapping in the Second Degree. (Amended by Act 2026-375)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-375, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person commits the crime of kidnapping in the second degree if he abducts another person.

(b) A person does not commit a crime under this section if:

(1) The abduction is not coupled with intent to use or to threaten to use deadly force,

(2) The actor is a relative of the person abducted, and

(3) The actor’s sole purpose is to assume lawful control of that person.

The burden of injecting the issue of defense under this subsection is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(c) Kidnapping in the second degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-9.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-9.1
Section 13A-10-9.1 Swatting
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) EMERGENCY. Either of the following:

a. Any condition that results in, or is likely to result in, the response of a law enforcement agency or emergency service provider acting in their official capacity.

b. Any condition that jeopardized or is likely to jeopardize public safety and results in, or is likely to result in, the evacuation of any area, building, structure, or vehicle.

(2) EMERGENCY SERVICE PROVIDER. As defined in Section 11-98-1.

(3) LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY. As defined in Section 15-5-62.

(b) A person commits the crime of swatting if he or she knowingly reports, or causes to be reported, false or misleading information regarding a crime or emergency to a law enforcement agency or emergency service provider under circumstances where the false or misleading information is likely to cause a response from a law enforcement agency or an emergency service provider.

(1) A violation of this subsection is a Class A misdemeanor if the false or misleading report is of a misdemeanor offense.

(2) A violation of this subsection is a Class C felony if the false or misleading report is of a felony offense or emergency.

(3) A violation of this subsection is a Class B felony if the false or misleading report is of a felony offense or emergency and the emergency response causes physical injury to any person.

(4) A violation of this subsection is a Class A felony if the false or misleading report is of a felony offense or emergency and the emergency response causes serious physical injury or death to any person.

(c) For the purposes of determining venue, a violation of this section shall be considered to be committed in any county: (i) where the false or misleading report was made; (ii) where the false or misleading report was received by a law enforcement agency or emergency service provider; or (iii) in which a law enforcement agency or emergency service provider responded to the false or misleading report.

(d) Any person convicted of this section shall be ordered to pay restitution to any individual, agency, or entity who incurs damages as a proximate result of responding to the false report.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-8 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-8
Section 13A-8-8 Theft of Lost Property in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The theft of lost property between one thousand five hundred dollars ($1,500) in value and two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) in value constitutes theft of lost property in the second degree.

(b) Theft of lost property in the second degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-76 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-76
Section 13A-8-76 Written Consignment Agreement
Status: in_force

(a) There shall be a written agreement between the person delivering or having the consigned motor fuels delivered for sale, hereinafter designated the consignor, and the merchant, hereinafter designated as the consignee, reflecting not only the consignment agreement between the parties, but that title to the consigned motor fuels and to the proceeds from the sale of the consigned motor fuels is always vested in the consignor and never the consignee.

(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to create a new or additional element necessary to prove the commission of theft of property in any degree.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-91 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-91
Section 13A-12-91 Production of Stamp Warrants Indictment or Information
Status: in_force

In cases where the proper prosecuting officers shall produce said stamp or certified copy, the grand jury may indict the holder of such stamp or the proper prosecuting officer may file information against the holder of such stamp without further proof, charging such holder with the violation of the Alabama gambling laws.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-15 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-15
Section 13A-10-15 Terrorist Threats
Status: reserved

REPEALED BY ACT 2023-493, EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 1, 2023.

(a) A person commits the crime of making a terrorist threat when he or she credibly, based on an objective evaluation, threatens to commit a crime of violence against a person or to damage any property by use of a bomb, explosive, weapon of mass destruction, firearm, deadly weapon, or other mechanism and any of the following:

(1) The threat causes the evacuation of any real property, as defined under this section.

(2) The threat causes the disruption of school, church, or government activity.

(3) The threat is with intent to retaliate against the victim because of his or her involvement or participation as any of the following:

a. A witness or party in any judicial or administrative proceeding.

b. A person who produced records, documents, or other objects in a judicial or administrative proceeding.

c. A person who provided to a law enforcement officer, adult or juvenile probation officer, prosecuting attorney, or judge any information relating to the commission or possible commission of an offense under the laws of this state, of the United States, or a violation of conditions of bail, pretrial release, probation, or parole.

(b) As used in this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(1) PROPERTY. Personal or real property. The term includes, but is not limited to, any of the following buildings or real property:

a. A church, mosque, synagogue, or other religious real property.

b. A public or private school.

(2) THREATEN. A person threatens another if all of the following occur:

a. The person intentionally and knowingly makes a statement verbally, in writing, by means of an electronic communication device, or by any other means to harm a person or property.

b. The statement is communicated to another person.

c. Under the circumstances, the threatened harm is credible and imminent.

d. The statement, on its face and under the circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal, immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened, a gravity of purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of the threat.

e. The statement causes the person to reasonably be in sustained fear for his or her own safety or for the object of the threat.

(3) WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. Any of the following:

a. A destructive device as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921.

b. A weapon that is designed or intended to cause death or serious bodily injury through the release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals.

c. A weapon involving a biological agent, toxin, or vector, as those terms are defined in 18 U.S.C. § 178.

d. A weapon that is designed to release radiation or radioactivity at a level dangerous to human life.

(c) The crime of making a terrorist threat is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-140 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-140
Section 13A-6-140 Short Title; Purpose
Status: in_force

(a) This article shall be known as the Domestic Violence Protection Order Enforcement Act.

(b) The purpose of this article is to define the crime of violation of a domestic violence protection order.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-11 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-11
Section 13A-5-11 Fines for Felonies
Status: in_force

(a) A sentence to pay a fine for a felony shall be for a definite amount, fixed by the court, within the following limitations:

(1) For a Class A felony, not more than $60,000;

(2) For a Class B felony, not more than $30,000;

(3) For a Class C felony, not more than $15,000;

(4) For a Class D felony, not more than $7,500; or

(5) Any amount not exceeding double the pecuniary gain to the defendant or loss to the victim caused by the commission of the offense.

(b) As used in this section, “gain” means the amount of money or the value of property derived from the commission of the crime, less the amount of money or the value of property returned to the victim of the crime or seized or surrendered to lawful authority prior to the time sentence is imposed. “Value” shall be determined by the standards established in subdivision (14) of Section 13A-8-1.

(c) The court may conduct a hearing upon the issue of defendant’s gain or the victim’s loss from the crime according to procedures established by rule of court.

(d) This section shall not apply if a higher fine is otherwise authorized by law for a specific crime.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-221 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-221
Section 13A-6-221 Bestiality
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of bestiality if he or she:

(1) Knowingly engages in or submits to any sexual conduct or sexual contact with an animal.

(2) Knowingly causes, aids, or abets another in engaging in any sexual conduct or sexual contact with an animal.

(3) Knowingly permits any sexual conduct or sexual contact with an animal upon premises under his or her control.

(4) Knowingly organizes, promotes, conducts, advertises, aids, abets, observes, or performs any service furthering an act involving sexual conduct or sexual contact with an animal for a commercial or recreational purpose.

(b) Bestiality is a Class A misdemeanor.

(c) This article shall not apply to accepted animal husbandry practices, conformation judging practices, or accepted veterinary medicine practices.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-54 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-54
Section 13A-5-54 Appointment of Experienced Counsel for Indigent Defendants
Status: in_force

Each person indicted for an offense punishable under the provisions of this article who is not able to afford legal counsel must be provided with court appointed counsel having no less than five years’ prior experience in the active practice of criminal law.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-128 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-128
Section 13A-10-128 Jury Tampering
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of jury tampering if, with intent to influence a juror’s vote, opinion, decision or other action in the case, he attempts directly or indirectly to communicate with a juror other than as part of the proceedings in the trial of the case.

(b) Jury tampering is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-190 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-190
Section 13A-12-190 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this division, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) BREAST NUDITY. The lewd showing of the post-pubertal human female breasts below a point immediately above the top of the areola.

(2) CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE MATERIAL. Any visual depiction of an individual under 18 years of age engaged in any act of sexually explicit conduct, including a virtually indistinguishable depiction.

(3) DISPLAY PUBLICLY. The exposing, placing, posting, exhibiting, or in any fashion displaying in any location, whether public or private, an item in a manner that it may be readily seen and its content or character distinguished by normal unaided vision viewing it from a public thoroughfare, depot, or vehicle.

(4) DISSEMINATE. To transmit, distribute, sell, lend, provide, transfer, or show, including through electronic means.

(5) GENITAL NUDITY. The lewd showing of the genitals or pubic area.

(6) KNOWINGLY. A person knowingly acts when the person knows the nature of the child sexual abuse material . A person knows the nature of the material when either of the following circumstances exist:

a. The person is aware of the character and content of the material.

b. The person recklessly disregards circumstances suggesting the character and content of the material.

(7) MASTURBATION. Manipulation, by hand or instrument, of the human genitals, whether one’s own or another’s for the purpose of sexual stimulation.

(8) OTHER SEXUAL CONDUCT. Any touching of the genitals, pubic areas, or buttocks of the human male or female, or the breasts of the female, whether alone or between members of the same or opposite sex or between humans and animals in an act of apparent sexual stimulation or gratification.

(9) PUBLIC THOROUGHFARE, DEPOT, OR VEHICLE. Any street, highway, park, depot, or transportation platform or other place, whether indoors or outdoors, or any vehicle for public transportation, owned or operated by government, either directly or through a public corporation or authority, or owned or operated by any agency of public transportation that is designed for the use, enjoyment, or transportation of the general public.

(10) SADOMASOCHISTIC ABUSE. Either of the following:

a. Flagellation or torture, for the purpose of sexual stimulation, by or upon an individual who is nude or clad in undergarments or in a revealing or bizarre costume.

b. The condition of an individual who is nude or clad in undergarments or in a revealing or bizarre costume being fettered, bound, or otherwise physically restrained for the purpose of sexual stimulation.

(11) SEPARATE OFFENSE. The depiction of an individual less than 18 years of age that violates this division shall constitute a separate offense for each single visual depiction.

(12) SEXUAL EXCITEMENT. The condition of human male or female genitals when in a state of sexual stimulation.

(13) SEXUAL INTERCOURSE. Intercourse, real or simulated, whether genital-genital, oral-genital, anal-genital, or oral-anal, whether between individuals of the same or opposite sex or between a human and an animal.

(14) SEXUALLY EXPLICIT CONDUCT. Actual or simulated conduct that includes sadomasochistic abuse, sexual excitement, sexual intercourse, masturbation, breast nudity, genital nudity, or other sexual conduct.

(15) VIRTUALLY INDISTINGUISHABLE DEPICTION. A visual depiction created, altered, or produced by digital, computer generated, or other means that a reasonable person would conclude is of an actual individual under 18 years of age engaged in sexually explicit conduct.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-193.2 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-193.2
Section 13A-10-193.2 Destructive Device or Bacteriological or Biological Weapon - Unlawful Manufacture in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful manufacture of a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon in the first degree if he or she violates Section 13A-10-193.1 and two or more of the following conditions occur in conjunction with that violation:

(1) Use of a booby trap or manufacture of a booby trap.

(2) Illegal possession, transportation, or disposal of hazardous or dangerous materials or while transporting or causing to be transported materials in furtherance of a clandestine laboratory operation, there was created a substantial risk to human health or safety or a danger to the environment.

(3) A clandestine laboratory operation was to take place, or did take place, within 500 feet of a residence, place of business, church, or school.

(4) A clandestine laboratory operation actually produced any amount of a specified destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon.

(5) A person under the age of 17 was present during the manufacturing process.

(b) Unlawful manufacture of a destructive device or bacteriological or biological weapon in the first degree is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-200.6 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-200.6
Section 13A-12-200.6 Extradition of Persons Charged with Violation of This Division
Status: in_force

The Governor of this state may demand from the governor of any other state the extradition of any person found in such other state who is charged with any violation of any of the provisions of this division.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-37.3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-37.3
Section 13A-8-37.3 Purchase, Possession, and Sale of Certain Catalytic Converters - Requirements
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for any person to purchase, or otherwise acquire, a used, detached catalytic converter, or any nonferrous part thereof, unless all of the following apply:

(1) The person is registered as a secondary metals recycler under Section 13A-8-31.2.

(2) The sale or purchase occurs at the fixed business address of a secondary metals recycler that is a party to the transaction. For purposes of this subdivision, “fixed business address” of the secondary metals recycler means the address of the business that is registered with the Alabama Criminal Justice Information Center pursuant to Section 13A-8-31.2; provided, however, the term may also include the licensed address of a secondary metals recycler, new or used motor vehicle dealer, automotive repair service, motor vehicle manufacturer, licensed automotive dismantler and parts recycler, or distributor of catalytic converters, who sells or purchases the used, detached catalytic converter.

(3) The person has maintained all of the information required under Section 13A-8-31 regarding the transaction.

(b)(1) It is unlawful for a person to sell or possess a used, detached catalytic converter unless either of the following:

a. The person is a registered secondary metals recycler, licensed new or used motor vehicle dealer, licensed automotive repair service, motor vehicle manufacturer, licensed automotive dismantler and parts recycler, or licensed distributor of catalytic converters, and a copy of the seller’s valid business license is received and maintained by the person at the time of the transaction.

b. The person provides the purchaser with all of the following information for the motor vehicle from which the catalytic converter or part thereof was taken:

1. The name of the person that removed the catalytic converter.

2. The name of the person for whom the removal was completed.

3. The make and model of the vehicle from which the catalytic converter was removed.

4. The vehicle identification number of the vehicle from which the catalytic converter was removed.

5. The part number or other identifying number of the catalytic converter that was removed.

6. A copy of the driver’s license or nondriver identification card of the seller of the catalytic converter.

7. A copy of the certificate of title or certificate of registration showing the seller’s ownership interest in the vehicle.

(2) Before each purchase or acquisition of a used, detached catalytic converter or part thereof, the secondary metals recycler, including an agent, employee, or representative thereof, shall do both of the following:

a. Verify, by obtaining the applicable documentation, that the person transferring or selling the used, detached catalytic converter acquired it legally and has the right to transfer it or sell it.

b. Retain a record of the applicable verification and other information required under Section 13A-8-31, and note in the business records of the secondary metals recycler any obvious markings on the used, detached catalytic converter, such as paint, labels, or engravings, that would aid in the identification of the catalytic converter.

(c) Each catalytic converter that is purchased, possessed, obtained, sold, transported, or otherwise acquired in violation of this section is a separate violation of this section.

(d) A person who violates this section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor on a first violation. On a second or subsequent violation within a 10-year period, the person is guilty of a Class C felony.

(e) A used, detached catalytic converter possessed in violation of this section is contraband, subject to seizure and forfeiture as provided pursuant to Section 20-2-93.

(f) For purposes of this section, a used, detached catalytic converter does not include a catalytic converter that has been tested, certified, and labeled for reuse in accordance with applicable U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Clean Air Act regulations.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-6 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-6
Section 13A-5-6 Sentences of Imprisonment for Felonies
Status: in_force

(a) Sentences for felonies shall be for a definite term of imprisonment, which imprisonment includes hard labor, within the following limitations:

(1) For a Class A felony, for life or not more than 99 years or less than 10 years.

(2) For a Class B felony, not more than 20 years or less than two years.

(3) For a Class C felony, not more than 10 years or less than one year and one day .

(4) For a Class D felony, not more than five years or less than one year and one day .

(5) For a Class A felony in which a firearm or deadly weapon was used or attempted to be used in the commission of the felony, or a Class A felony sex offense involving a child as defined in Section 15-20A-4, not less than 20 years.

(6) For a Class B or C felony in which a firearm or deadly weapon was used or attempted to be used in the commission of the felony, or a Class B felony sex offense involving a child as defined in Section 15-20A-4, not less than 10 years.

(b) The actual time of release within the limitations established by subsection (a) shall be determined under procedures established elsewhere by law.

(c) In addition to any penalties otherwise provided by law, in all cases where an offender is designated as a sexually violent predator pursuant to Section 15-20A-19, or where an offender is convicted of a Class A felony sex offense involving a child as defined in Section 15-20A-4, and is sentenced to a county jail or the Alabama Department of Corrections, the sentencing judge shall impose an additional penalty of not less than 10 years of post-release supervision to be served upon the defendant’s release from incarceration.

(d) In addition to any penalties otherwise provided by law, in all cases where an offender is convicted of a sex offense pursuant to Section 13A-6-61, 13A-6-63, or 13A-6-65.1, when the defendant was 21 years of age or older and the victim was six years of age or less at the time the offense was committed, the defendant shall be sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-130 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-130
Section 13A-9-130 Residential Mortgage Fraud
Status: in_force

(a) This article shall be known and may be cited as the Alabama Residential Mortgage Fraud Act.

(b) For the protection of the general public, including borrowers and lending institutions, and for the integrity of the mortgage lending process, the Legislature enacts the “Alabama Residential Mortgage Fraud Act.”

(c)(1) An individual commits the offense of residential mortgage fraud when with the intent to defraud, he or she does any of the following:

a. Knowingly makes any material deliberate misstatement or misrepresentation, knowing the same to be a misstatement or misrepresentation during the mortgage lending process with the specific intention that it be relied on by a mortgage broker, mortgage lender, mortgage servicer, mortgage processor, borrower, or any other party to the mortgage lending process.

b. Knowingly uses or facilitates the use of any material deliberate and known misstatement or misrepresentation knowing the same to contain a misstatement or misrepresentation during the mortgage lending process with the specific intention that it be relied on by a mortgage broker, mortgage lender, mortgage servicer, mortgage processor, borrower, or any other party to the mortgage lending process.

c. Files or causes to be filed with any public office any document that the person knows to contain a material deliberate misstatement or misrepresentation with the specific intent to cause a residential mortgage fraud.

(2) For the purposes of venue, any violation of this section shall be considered to have been committed at any of the following:

a. In the county in which the residential property for which a mortgage loan is being sought is located.

b. In any county in which any act was performed in furtherance of this violation.

c. In any county in which any individual alleged to have violated this section had control or possession of any proceeds of this violation.

d. If a closing occurred, in any county in which the closing occurred.

e. In any county in which a document containing a deliberate misstatement, misrepresentation, or omission was filed with a public official.

(3) District attorneys and the Attorney General shall have the authority to conduct the criminal investigations of all cases of residential mortgage fraud under this section.

(4)a. Residential mortgage fraud is a Class C felony.

b. Each residential mortgage transaction subject to a violation of this section shall constitute a separate offense and shall not merge with any other crimes set forth in this section.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-17 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-17
Section 13A-8-17 Receiving Stolen Property in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) Receiving stolen property which exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) in value constitutes receiving stolen property in the first degree.

(b) Receiving stolen property in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-61 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-61
Section 13A-7-61 Allowing Stock to Run at Large Under Common Fence
Status: in_force

Any one of several persons occupying or cultivating lands under a common fence who turns stock of any kind into such inclosure, or knowingly suffers such stock to go at large therein without the consent of all the persons owning or cultivating such lands, shall, on conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than $5.00 nor more than $50.00, and also the amount of damages inflicted by the stock, which damages shall be held as a part of the penalty imposed by the court, and shall go to the party injured.

Whenever a conviction shall be had under this section, unless the full amount of the penalty is immediately paid, it shall be the duty of the sheriff, or other officer charged with the execution of the judgment of the court, to seize and hold the stock committing the trespass, and after giving five days’ notice by posting at three or more public places in the neighborhood, to sell the same, and out of the proceeds to collect the amount of such penalty and costs; and the surplus shall be paid to the owner of such stock.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-214.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-214.1
Section 13A-12-214.1 Unlawful Possession of Certain Chemical Compounds
Status: in_force

(a) The possession of salvia divinorum or salvinorum A, including all parts of the plant presently classified botanically as salvia divinorum, whether growing or not, the seeds thereof, any extract from any part of such plant, and every compound, manufacture, salts, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or extracts shall be illegal in this state.

(b) A violation of subsection (a) shall be subject to the same penalties as a violation of Sections 13A-12-213 and 13A-12-214.
Ala. Code § 13A-4-1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 4 / Section 13A-4-1
Section 13A-4-1 Criminal Solicitation
Status: in_force

(a)(1) A person is guilty of criminal solicitation if, with the intent that another person engage in conduct constituting a crime, he or she solicits, requests, commands or importunes another person to engage in such conduct.

(2) A person may not be convicted of criminal solicitation upon the uncorroborated testimony of the person allegedly solicited, and there must be proof of circumstances corroborating both the solicitation and the defendant’s intent.

(b) A person is not liable under this section if, under circumstances manifesting a voluntary and complete renunciation of his or her criminal intent, he or she (1) notified the person solicited of his or her renunciation and (2) gave timely and adequate warning to the law enforcement authorities or otherwise made a substantial effort to prevent the commission of the criminal conduct solicited. The burden of injecting this issue is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(c) A person is not liable under this section when his or her solicitation constitutes conduct of a kind that is necessarily incidental to the commission of the offense solicited. When the solicitation constitutes an offense other than criminal solicitation that is related to but separate from the offense solicited, the defendant is guilty of the related offense only and not of criminal solicitation.

(d) It is no defense to a prosecution for criminal solicitation that the person solicited could not be guilty of the offense solicited because of any of the following :

(1) Criminal irresponsibility or other legal incapacity or exemption .

(2) Unawareness of the criminal nature of the conduct solicited or of the defendant’s criminal purpose .

(3) Any other factor precluding the mental state required for the commission of the offense in question.

(e) It is no defense to a prosecution for criminal solicitation that the defendant belongs to a class of persons who by definition are legally incapable in an individual capacity of committing the offense that he or she solicited another to commit.

(f) Criminal solicitation is a:

(1) Class A felony if the offense solicited is murder.

(2) Class B felony if the offense solicited is a Class A felony.

(3) Class C felony if the offense solicited is a Class B felony.

(4) Class D felony if the offense solicited is a Class C felony.

(5) Class A misdemeanor if the offense solicited is a Class D felony.

(6) Class B misdemeanor if the offense solicited is a Class A misdemeanor.

(7) Class C misdemeanor if the offense solicited is a Class B misdemeanor.

(8) Violation if the offense solicited is a Class C misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-47 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-47
Section 13A-9-47 Defrauding Judgment Creditors
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of defrauding judgment creditors if he:

(1) With fraudulent intent removes property subject to execution from a county to prevent it being levied upon by an execution; or

(2) Secretes, assigns, conveys or otherwise disposes of property with intent to defraud a judgment creditor.

(b) Defrauding judgment creditors is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-82 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-82
Section 13A-8-82 Possession, Sale, Rental, Etc., of Recorded Device in Violation of Article Prohibited; Penalties
Status: in_force

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sell, rent, cause to be sold or rented, or possess for the purpose of selling or renting any recorded device that has been produced, manufactured, distributed or acquired in violation of any provision of this article.

(2) Penalties for violations hereof are prescribed in Section 13A-8-86(b).
Ala. Code § 13A-10-62 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-62
Section 13A-10-62 Failure to Disclose Conflict of Interest
Status: in_force

(a) A public servant commits the crime of failing to disclose a conflict of interest if he exercises any substantial discretionary function in connection with a government contract, purchase, payment or other pecuniary transaction without advance public disclosure of a known potential conflicting interest in the transaction.

(b) A “potential conflicting interest” exists, but is not limited to, when the public servant is a director, president, general manager or similar executive officer, or owns directly or indirectly a substantial portion of any nongovernmental entity participating in the transaction.

(c) Public disclosure includes public announcement or notification to a superior officer or the Attorney General.

(d) Failing to disclose a conflict of interest is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-47.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-47.1
Section 13A-5-47.1 Application of Provisions Prohibiting Court from Overriding Jury Verdict in Capital Cases
Status: in_force

Sections 13A-5-45, 13A-5-46, and 13A-5-47 shall apply to any defendant who is charged with capital murder after April 11, 2017, and shall not apply retroactively to any defendant who has previously been convicted of capital murder and sentenced to death prior to April 11, 2017.
Ala. Code § 13A-1-8 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 1 / Section 13A-1-8
Section 13A-1-8 Procedural Matters; Civil Liabilities Not Affected by Title; Prosecution When More Than One Offense
Status: in_force

(a)(1) Except as otherwise provided herein, the procedure governing the accusation, prosecution, conviction, and punishment of offenders and offenses is not regulated by this title.

(2) This title does not bar, suspend, or otherwise affect any right or liability to damages, penalty, forfeiture, or other remedy authorized by law to be recovered or enforced in a civil action, regardless of whether the conduct involved in the proceeding constitutes an offense defined in this title.

(b) When the same conduct of a defendant may establish the commission of more than one offense, the defendant may be prosecuted for each such offense. He may not, however, be convicted of more than one offense if:

(1) One offense is included in the other, as defined in Section 13A-1-9; or

(2) One offense consists only of a conspiracy or other form of preparation to commit the other; or

(3) Inconsistent findings of fact are required to establish the commission of the offenses; or

(4) The offenses differ only in that one is defined to prohibit a designated kind of conduct generally and the other to prohibit a specific instance of such conduct.
Ala. Code § 13A-13-8 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 13 / Section 13A-13-8
Section 13A-13-8 Failure to Report Missing Child
Status: in_force

(a) This section shall be known and may be cited as Caylee’s Law.

(b) For purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them by this section:

(1) ABDUCTION. The removal or retention of a child without the consent of the child’s custodian.

(2) CHILD. A person who is less than 18 years of age.

(3) CUSTODIAN. A child’s father or mother, whether biological or adoptive, a child’s legally appointed guardian, or the spouse of a child’s father, mother, or legally appointed guardian. In the case where only one parent has legal custody, the term means the parent with legal custody or his or her spouse.

(4) GUARDIAN. A guardian as defined in Section 26-2A-20.

(5) LOST CHILD. A child who is unable to find his or her way back to his or her custodian.

(6) RUNAWAY CHILD. A child who voluntarily absents himself or herself from the control of his or her custodian with intent to remain away indefinitely.

(c) A child’s custodian shall report, or cause a report to be made, to a law enforcement officer or agency that the child is missing when the child’s whereabouts are unknown to the custodian and the custodian knows, believes, or has substantial reason to believe any of the following:

(1) That the child’s whereabouts are unknown to any person under whose temporary supervision the custodian placed the child.

(2) That the child is the victim of an abduction or the victim of serious bodily harm, abuse, or sexual exploitation.

(3) That the child is a lost or runaway child.

(d) The report required under subsection (c) shall be made verbally, either by telephone or direct communication, followed by a written report as requested by a law enforcement official.

(e)(1) A child’s custodian who is subject to the duty imposed by subsection (c) is guilty of failure to report a missing child in the second degree if he or she fails or delays to make, or fails to cause to be made, the required report with willful or reckless disregard for the safety of the child.

(2) Failure to report a missing child in the second degree is a Class A misdemeanor.

(f)(1) A child’s custodian who is subject to the duty imposed by subsection (c) is guilty of failure to report a missing child in the first degree if he or she fails or delays to make, or fails to cause to be made, the required report with willful or reckless disregard for the safety of the child and the child suffers serious bodily harm or death.

(2) Failure to report a missing child in the first degree is a Class C felony.

(g) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that the custodian made reasonably diligent efforts to verify the whereabouts and safety of the child during the period of any delay in making the report required by subsection (c).
Ala. Code § 13A-5-59 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-59
Section 13A-5-59 Application of Article Upon Finding of Unconstitutionality
Status: in_force

It is the intent of the Legislature that if the death penalty provisions of this article are declared unconstitutional and if the offensive provision or provisions cannot be reinterpreted so as to provide a constitutional death penalty, or if the death penalty is ever declared to be unconstitutional per se, that the defendants who have been sentenced to death under this article shall be re-sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. It is also the intent of the Legislature that in the event that the death penalty provisions of this article are declared unconstitutional and if they cannot be reinterpreted to provide a constitutional death penalty, or if the death penalty is ever declared to be unconstitutional per se, that defendants convicted thereafter for committing crimes specified in Section 13A-5-40(a) shall be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-124 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-124
Section 13A-12-124 Certain Defenses Excluded
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the term minor victim means a person who committed, or was solicited to commit, an act of prostitution while the person was a minor.

(b) Evidence of any of the following facts or conditions does not constitute a defense in a prosecution under Section 13A-12-121.1, nor shall the evidence preclude a finding of a violation:

(1) A minor victim’s sexual history or history of commercial sexual activity.

(2) A minor victim’s connection by blood or marriage to a defendant in the case or to anyone involved in the minor victim’s prostitution.

(3) Consent of or permission by a minor victim or anyone else on the minor victim’s behalf to any commercial sex act or sexually explicit performance.

(4) Age of consent to engage in sexual activity.

(5) Mistake as to the minor victim’s age, even if the mistake is reasonable.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-43 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-43
Section 13A-9-43 Bait Advertising
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of bait advertising if in any manner, including advertising or other means of communication to the public or to a substantial number of persons, he offers to sell property or services with the intent, plan or purpose not to sell or provide the advertised property or services:

(1) At the price at which he offered them; or

(2) In a quantity sufficient to meet the reasonably expected public demand, unless the advertisement discloses a limitation of quantity; or

(3) At all.

(b) Bait advertising is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-58 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-58
Section 13A-12-58 Presence of Bells, Etc., Prima Facie Evidence
Status: in_force

The presence of electric bells, wires or signals or dumbwaiters or of other implements or appliances that may be used for the purpose of communicating with persons who are occupying a barred or barricaded room on or about the premises of a hotel, restaurant, billiard room, poolroom or any room above the grade floor in the business district of any town or city is prima facie evidence that gaming was being there carried on by such parties in any prosecution against them, if they have the general reputation of being gamblers, and in all such cases, proof of such general reputation is admissible in evidence.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-58 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-58
Section 13A-11-58 Sale of Firearms or Ammunition to Residents of Other States; Purchase in Other States
Status: in_force

(a) Any resident of Alabama authorized to sell and deliver rifles, shotguns, and ammunition may sell and deliver them to a resident of any state where the sale of the firearms and ammunition is legal. Any purchaser of the firearm or ammunition may take or send it out of the state or have it delivered to his or her place of residence.

(b) Any resident of Alabama who legally purchases rifles, shotguns, and ammunition in any state where the purchase is legal may take delivery of the weapons either in the state where they were purchased or in Alabama.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-283 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-283
Section 13A-6-283 Abuse and Neglect of an Adult with a Disability - Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the second degree if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Intentionally abuses or neglects any adult with a disability and the abuse or neglect causes physical injury to the adult with a disability.

(2) Recklessly abuses or neglects any adult with a disability and the abuse or neglect causes serious injury to the adult with a disability.

(3) Recklessly abuses or neglects any adult with a disability having been previously convicted of abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the third degree in any court.

(b) Abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the second degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-60 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-60
Section 13A-10-60 Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) The definitions contained in Section 13A-10-1 are applicable in this article unless the context otherwise requires.

(b) The following definitions also apply to this article:

(1) BENEFIT. Any gain or advantage to the beneficiary, including any gain or advantage to a third person pursuant to the desire or consent of the beneficiary.

(2) PECUNIARY BENEFIT. Benefit in the form of money, property, commercial interests or anything else the primary significance of which is economic gain. Expenses associated with social occasions afforded public servants and party officers shall not be deemed a pecuniary benefit within the meaning of this article.

(3) PUBLIC SERVANT. As used in this article, such term includes persons who presently occupy the position of a public servant, as defined in Section 13A-10-1(7), or have been elected, appointed or designated to become a public servant although not yet occupying that position.

(4) PARTY OFFICER. A person who holds any position or office in a political party, whether by election, appointment or otherwise.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-1
Section 13A-7-1 Definitions
Status: in_force

The following definitions are applicable to this article:

(1) BUILDING. Any structure which may be entered and utilized by persons for business, public use, lodging or the storage of goods, and such term includes any vehicle, aircraft or watercraft used for the lodging of persons or carrying on business therein, and such term includes any railroad box car or other rail equipment or trailer or tractor trailer or combination thereof. Where a building consists of two or more units separately occupied or secure, each shall be deemed both a separate building and a part of the main building.

(2) DWELLING. A building which is used or normally used by a person for sleeping, living or lodging therein.

(3) ENTER OR REMAIN UNLAWFULLY. A person “enters or remains unlawfully” in or upon premises when he is not licensed, invited or privileged to do so. A person who, regardless of his intent, enters or remains in or upon premises which are at the time open to the public does so with license and privilege unless he defies a lawful order not to enter or remain, personally communicated to him by the owner of such premises or other authorized person. A license or privilege to enter or remain in a building which is partly open to the public is not a license or privilege to enter or remain in that part of the building which is not open to the public. A person who enters or remains upon unimproved and apparently unused land, which is neither fenced nor otherwise enclosed in a manner designed to exclude intruders, does so with license and privileges unless notice against trespass is personally communicated to him by the owner of such land or other authorized person, or unless such notice is given by posting in a conspicuous manner.

(4) POSTING IN A CONSPICUOUS MANNER. A sign or signs posted on the property, reasonably likely to come to the attention of intruders, indicating that entry is forbidden or the placement of identifying purple paint marks on trees or posts on the property, provided that the marks satisfy all of the following:

a. Are vertical lines of not less than eight inches in length and not less than one inch in width.

b. Are placed so that the bottom of the mark is not less than three feet from the ground or more than five feet from the ground.

c. Are placed at locations that are readily visible to any person approaching the property and are no more than 100 feet apart on forest land or 1,000 feet apart on land other than forest land.

(5) PREMISES. Such term includes any “building,” as herein defined, and any real property.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-29 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-29
Section 13A-6-29 Administration of Medication by Owner, Operator, or Employee of Child Care Facility
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(1) MEDICALLY PRESCRIBED. In accordance with a physician’s prescription or in accordance with age-appropriate directions for the over-the-counter medication.

(2) NEAR FATALITY. An act that, as certified by a physician, places the child in serious or critical condition.

(b) There is established the crime of administration of medication by the owner, operator, or employee of a child care facility with the intent to drug the child or alter the child’s behavior beyond what is medically prescribed or with the reckless disregard for the health, safety, and welfare of the child.

(c) A violation of subsection (b) is punishable as follows:

(1) A violation which does not cause or contributes to the death, near fatality, dismemberment, or permanent disability of a child is a Class C felony.

(2) A violation which causes a near fatality, dismemberment, or permanent disability of a child is a Class B felony.

(3) A violation which causes the death of a child is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-30 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-30
Section 13A-12-30 Forfeiture of Gambling Devices and Gambling Proceeds
Status: in_force

(a) Any gambling device or gambling record possessed or used in violation of this article is forfeited to the state, and shall by court order be destroyed or otherwise disposed of as the court directs.

(b) Any vehicle possessed or used in violation of this article may be forfeited to the state and disposed of by court order as authorized by law.

(c) Money used as bets or stakes in gambling activity in violation of this article is forfeited to the state and by court order shall be transmitted to the General Fund of the state.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-16 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-16
Section 13A-11-16 Greyhounds Used for Racing to Be Put to Death by Lethal Injection
Status: in_force

(a) It is the intent of the Legislature that animals that participate in greyhound racing on which pari-mutual wagering is conducted and animals that are bred and trained for greyhound racing be treated humanely, both on and off the racetrack, throughout the lives of the animals.

(b) A greyhound bred, trained, or used for greyhound racing may not be put to death by any means other than lethal injection. A greyhound may not be removed from this state for the purpose of being destroyed.

(c)(1) Any person who violates this section on the first offense shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor.

(2) A person who violates this section on a second or subsequent offense shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-50 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-50
Section 13A-11-50 Carrying Concealed Weapons
Status: in_force

A person who, in violation of this article, carries concealed about his or her person or in a vehicle a pistol or firearm of any other kind shall, on conviction, be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-143 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-143
Section 13A-11-143 Tampering with Sports Contest
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of tampering with a sports contest if, with intent to influence the outcome of a sports contest, he:

(1) Tampers with any sports participant or sports official, or with any animal, equipment or other thing involved in the conduct or operation of a sports contest, in a manner contrary to the rules and usages purporting to govern the sports contest in question; or

(2) Substitutes a sports participant, animal, equipment or other thing involved in the conduct or operation of a sports contest, for the genuine person, animal or thing.

(b) Tampering with a sports contest is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-100 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-100
Section 13A-10-100 Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) The definitions in Sections 13A-10-1 and 13A-10-60 are applicable in this article unless the context otherwise requires.

(b) The following definitions are also applicable in this article:

(1) SWEARS FALSELY and FALSE SWEARING. The making of a false statement under oath required or authorized by law, or the swearing or affirming the truth of such statement previously made, which the declarant does not believe to be true. A false swearing in a subscribed written instrument shall not be deemed complete until the instrument is delivered by its subscriber, or by someone acting in his behalf, to another person with intent that it be uttered or published as true.

(2) MATERIAL. A statement is “material,” regardless of the admissibility of the statement under the rules of evidence, if it could have affected the course or outcome of the official proceeding. It is no defense that the declarant mistakenly believed the falsification to be immaterial. Whether a falsification is material in a given factual situation is a question of law.

(3) OATH. Such term includes an affirmation and every other mode authorized by law of attesting to the truth of that which is stated. For the purposes of this article, written statements shall be treated as if made under oath if:

a. The statement was made on or pursuant to form bearing notice, authorized by law, to the effect that false statements made therein are punishable; or

b. The statement recites that it was made under oath, the declarant was aware of such recitation at the time he made the statement and intended that the statement should be represented as a sworn statement, and the statement was in fact so represented by its delivery or utterance with the signed jurat of an officer authorized to administer oaths appended thereto.

(4) REQUIRED OR AUTHORIZED BY LAW. An oath is “required or authorized by law” when the use of the oath is provided for by statute or municipal ordinance.

(5) OFFICIAL PROCEEDING. Any proceeding heard before any legislative, judicial, administrative or other government agency or official authorized to hear evidence under oath.

(6) JURAT. A clause wherein a notary public or other attesting officer authorized by law to administer oaths in connection with affidavits, depositions and other subscribed written instruments certifies that the subscriber has appeared before him and sworn to the truth of the contents thereof.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-246 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-246
Section 13A-11-246 Applicability
Status: in_force

This article shall not apply to any of the following persons or institutions:

(1) Academic and research enterprises that use dogs or cats for medical or pharmaceutical research or testing.

(2) Any owner of a dog or cat who euthanizes the dog or cat for humane purposes.

(3) Any person who kills a dog or cat found outside of the owned or rented property of the owner or custodian of the dog or cat when the dog or cat threatens immediate physical injury or is causing physical injury to any person, animal, bird, or silvicultural or agricultural industry.

(4) A person who shoots a dog or cat with a BB gun not capable of inflicting serious injury when the dog or cat is defecating or urinating on the person’s property.

(5) A person who uses a training device, anti-bark collar, or an invisible fence on his or her own dog or cat or with permission of the owner.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-221 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-221
Section 13A-11-221 Hindering Transportation of Commodities
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of hindering transportation of commodities if, intentionally and without lawful authority, he forcibly stops or hinders the operation of any vehicle transporting farm or commercial products within the state for the purpose of delaying the transportation or interfering with the loading or unloading of farm or commercial products.

(b) Hindering transportation of commodities is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-150 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-150
Section 13A-10-150 Short Title
Status: in_force

This article shall be known and may be cited as “The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2002.”
Ala. Code § 13A-8-37.4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-37.4
Section 13A-8-37.4 Purchase, Possession, and Sale of Certain Catalytic Converters - Providing False, Fraudulent, Altered, or Counterfeit Information or Documentation
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for a possessor or seller of a used, detached catalytic converter, or any nonferrous part of a catalytic converter, to provide any false, fraudulent, altered, or counterfeit information or documentation as required by Section 13A-8-37.3.

(b) A person who commits a violation of this section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor. On a second or subsequent violation within a 10-year period, the person is guilty of a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-159 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-159
Section 13A-6-159 Affirmative Defense
Status: in_force

In a prosecution for prostitution, or a sexually explicit performance defined in this article, of a human trafficking victim for the victim’s illegal acts engaged in or performed as a result of labor servitude or sexual servitude, it shall be an affirmative defense that the person was a victim of human trafficking.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-261 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-261
Section 13A-6-261 Sentence Enhancement for Benefiting, Promoting, or Furthering the Interest of a Criminal Enterprise
Status: in_force

Upon a finding, beyond a reasonable doubt, that a criminal enterprise member has committed the charged offense for the purpose of benefiting, promoting, or furthering the interest of a criminal enterprise, the following sentencing enhancements shall apply:

(1) On conviction of a Class A felony, he or she shall be punished not less than 25 years.

(2) On conviction of a Class B felony, he or she shall be punished for a Class A felony.

(3) On conviction of a Class C felony, he or she shall be punished for a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-31 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-31
Section 13A-12-31 Legalized Pari-Mutuel Betting Not Affected
Status: in_force

The provisions of this article shall not apply to pari-mutuel betting at race meetings authorized by statute. All presently effective state statutes and laws and locally adopted ordinances and laws pursuant thereto legalizing, authorizing or allowing greyhound races and betting or wagering thereon are hereby expressly and specifically preserved, saved and excepted from any repealer provisions contained anywhere in the Criminal Code.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-73 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-73
Section 13A-8-73 Fines to Be Deposited in General Fund
Status: in_force

Any fines collected pursuant to this article shall be deposited in the general fund of the county and distributed as follows: one-half shall be designated for law enforcement purposes and one-half shall be designated to the county road and bridge fund.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-32 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-32
Section 13A-11-32 Criminal Surveillance
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal surveillance if he intentionally engages in surveillance while trespassing in a private place.

(b) Criminal surveillance is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-2-6 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 2 / Section 13A-2-6
Section 13A-2-6 Effect of Ignorance or Mistake Upon Liability
Status: in_force

(a) A person is not relieved of criminal liability for conduct because he engages in that conduct under a mistaken belief of fact unless:

(1) His factual mistake negatives the culpable mental state required for the commission of an offense; or

(2) The statute defining the offense or a statute related thereto expressly provides that such a factual mistake constitutes a defense or exemption; or

(3) The factual mistake is of a kind that supports a defense of justification as defined in Article 2 of Chapter 3 of this title.

(b) A person is not relieved of criminal liability for conduct because he engages in that conduct under a mistaken belief that it does not, as a matter of law, constitute an offense, unless his mistaken belief is founded upon an official statement of the law contained in a statute or the latest judicial decision of the highest state or federal court which has decided on the matter.

(c) The burden of injecting the issue of mistake of law under subsection (b) of this section is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(d) A mistake of law, other than as to the existence or meaning of the statute under which the defendant is prosecuted, is relevant to disprove the specific state of mental culpability required by the statute under which the defendant is prosecuted.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-8.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-8.1
Section 13A-8-8.1 Theft of Lost Property in the Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The theft of lost property which exceeds five hundred dollars ($500) in value but does not exceed one thousand four hundred and ninety-nine dollars ($1,499) in value constitutes theft of lost property in the third degree.

(b) Theft of lost property in the third degree is a Class D felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-4
Section 13A-10-4 Failing to File Required Report
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of failing to file a required report if, knowing that he is required by law to submit a written report to a designated public servant, he intentionally fails to submit the report within the time provided by law.

(b) Failure to submit a report within 10 days after receipt of proper notification that the report legally is due shall constitute prima facie evidence of:

(1) Knowledge of a legal duty to submit the report; and

(2) Intentional failure to submit the report.

(c) This section applies to the failure to submit a specific report only when a separate statutory provision makes such failure subject to the operation of this section.

(d) Failing to file a required report is a violation.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-103 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-103
Section 13A-10-103 Perjury in the Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of perjury in the third degree when he swears falsely.

(b) Perjury in the third degree is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-4 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-4
Section 13A-9-4 Forgery in the Fourth Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of forgery in the fourth degree if, with intent to defraud, he or she falsely makes, completes or alters a written instrument.

(b) Forgery in the fourth degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-42 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-42
Section 13A-10-42 Hindering Prosecution or Apprehension - Definition of “Criminal Assistance.”
Status: in_force

For the purposes of Sections 13A-10-43 through 13A-10- 45, a person renders “criminal assistance” to another if he:

(1) Harbors or conceals such person;

(2) Warns such person of impending discovery or apprehension; except that this subdivision does not apply to a warning given in connection with an effort to bring another into compliance with the law;

(3) Provides such person with money, transportation, weapon, disguise or other means of avoiding discovery or apprehension;

(4) Prevents or obstructs, by means of force, deception or intimidation, anyone except a trespasser from performing an act that might aid in the discovery or apprehension of such person; or

(5) Suppresses, by an act of concealment, alteration or destruction, any physical evidence that might aid in the discovery or apprehension of such person.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-197.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-197.1
Section 13A-12-197.1 Separate Offenses; Liability of Internet Service Providers, Search Engines, Cloud Service Providers, Etc
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this division, each depiction of child sexual abuse material that violates any section constitutes a separate offense.

(b) No Internet service provider, search engine, cloud service provider, or affiliate or subsidiary of any of the same, shall be held to have violated this division solely for providing access or connection to or from a website, other information or content on the Internet, or a facility, system, or network not under the control of the provider, including, but not limited to, the transmission, download, or intermediate storage of content that is child sexual abuse material.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-106 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-106
Section 13A-10-106 Denial of Guilt in Previous Trial Not to Be Prosecuted as Perjury
Status: in_force

No prosecution shall be brought under this article if the substance of the defendant’s false statement was a denial of his guilt in a previous criminal proceeding.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-104 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-104
Section 13A-10-104 Perjury Prosecution for Inconsistent Statements; Highest Degree of Perjury for Which Conviction May Be Had
Status: in_force

(a) Where a person has made statements under oath which are inconsistent to the degree that one of them is necessarily false, each having been made within the jurisdiction of this state and within the period of the statute of limitations, the prosecution may proceed by setting forth the inconsistent statements in a single count alleging in the alternative that one or the other was false and not believed by the defendant to have been true when made. In such case, it shall not be necessary for the prosecution to prove which statement was false, but only that one or the other was false and not believed by the defendant to be true.

(b) The highest degree of perjury of which the defendant may be convicted shall be determined by hypothetically assuming each statement to be false and perjurious. If perjury of the same degree would be established by the making of each statement, the accused may be convicted of that degree at most. If perjury of different degrees would be established by the making of the two statements, the accused may be convicted of the lesser degree at most.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-61 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-61
Section 13A-6-61 Rape in the First Degree. (Amended by Act 2026-55)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-55, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person commits the crime of rape in the first degree if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Engages in sexual intercourse with another person by forcible compulsion.

(2) Engages in sexual intercourse with another person who is incapable of consent by reason of being incapacitated.

(3) Being 16 years old or older, engages in sexual intercourse with another person who is less than 12 years old.

(b) Rape in the first degree is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-19 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-19
Section 13A-8-19 Receiving Stolen Property in the Fourth Degree
Status: in_force

(a) Receiving stolen property which does not exceed five hundred dollars ($500) in value constitutes receiving stolen property in the fourth degree.

(b) Receiving stolen property in the fourth degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-14 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-14
Section 13A-8-14 Extortion in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) Extortion by means of a threat, as defined in paragraphs (13)a or (13)c of Section 13A-8-1, constitutes extortion in the first degree.

(b) Extortion in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-60 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-60
Section 13A-7-60 Unlawfully Taking Possession of or Going Back into Possession of Real Estate After Dispossession Under Legal Process
Status: in_force

Any person having no title or bona fide claim of title thereto or right of possession, who enters upon any land, and on demand of the owner or person entitled to the possession thereof, refuses to surrender such possession, or any person or his privy, who, having been dispossessed of any real estate by an officer under legal process from any court having jurisdiction of the subject matter; or any person or his privy, who voluntarily surrenders possession of the lands as a result of a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction and goes back into the possession of such real estate by force or otherwise; or who, having regained possession of such real estate, holds the same by force or threats without having been restored to the possession of such real estate by an order of a court of competent jurisdiction, shall, on conviction, be fined not less than $200.00 nor more than $1,000.00, and imprisoned in the county jail for not less than six months; and one half of the fine shall go to the person for whose benefit the writ of possession is issued.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-192 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-192
Section 13A-10-192 Additional Designations
Status: in_force

If any substance is hereafter designated as an explosive substance or compound under applicable federal law and notice thereof is given to the State Fire Marshal, the State Fire Marshal shall similarly designate the explosive substance or compound as an explosive under Section 13A-10-191. The State Fire Marshal shall revise and republish the listing of explosives set forth in Section 13A-10-191 on an annual basis, by publication in a newspaper or newspapers of general circulation in the state, or as otherwise provided by law.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-12 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-12
Section 13A-11-12 Desecration of Venerated Objects
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of desecration of venerated objects if he intentionally:

(1) Desecrates any public monument or structure or place of worship or burial; or

(2) Desecrates in a public place the United States or Alabama flag or any other object of veneration by the public or a substantial segment thereof.

(b) Desecration of venerated objects is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-3.7 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-3.7
Section 13A-12-3.7 Collection and Remittance of Taxes; Statement Requirements
Status: in_force

(a) Each person who makes a delivery sale shall collect and remit to the department all excise taxes imposed by this state with respect to the delivery and maintain evidence of the payment unless the person is located outside the state and includes a statement on the outside of the shipping package stating: “Alabama law requires the payment of state taxes on this shipment of cigarettes. You are legally responsible for all applicable unpaid taxes on these cigarettes.”

(b) A statement meets the requirements of this section if the following occur:

(1) The statement is clear and conspicuous.

(2) The statement is contained in a printed box set apart from the shipping label and other markings contained on the shipping package.

(3) The statement is printed in bold capital letters.

(4) The statement is printed with a degree of color contrast between the background and the printed statement that is no less than the color contrast between the background and the largest text used on the shipping label.

(5) The statement is located on the same side of the shipping package as the shipping label.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-139.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-139.1
Section 13A-6-139.1 Definitions
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2019-252, §2, effective May 23, 2019.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-97 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-97
Section 13A-11-97 Taking Firearm into Temporary Custody Upon Reasonable Suspicion by Law Enforcement Officer That It Would Be Used for Criminal Conduct, Etc.; Database Searches; Return of Firearm
Status: in_force

(a) If at any time during an investigation a law enforcement officer acting in the lawful discharge of the officer’s official duties has a reasonable suspicion that an individual is engaged or is about to be engaged in criminal conduct, or the officer determines that a reasonable person would believe that it is necessary for the protection of the officer, individual, or any other individual, the officer may temporarily take into custody the firearm that could be used to engage in criminal conduct or to cause harm to the officer, individual, or any other individual.

(b) While the firearm is in the law enforcement officer’s possession, and if the officer has a reasonable suspicion that an individual is engaged or is about to be engaged in criminal conduct, the law enforcement officer may conduct a search of any available local, state, or federal criminal history and weapons databases to determine whether the individual is prohibited from possessing the firearm or whether the firearm should not be returned to the individual pursuant to state or federal law.

(c) The law enforcement officer shall return the firearm to the individual before discharging the individual from the scene if the officer determines that both of the following are fulfilled:

(1) The individual is not an immediate threat to the officer, individual, or any other individual.

(2) The individual has not committed a violation that results in the arrest of the individual.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-113 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-113
Section 13A-6-113 No Liability for Employer
Status: in_force

No employer shall be held liable under this article for the action of an employee or agent unless the conduct of the employee or agent is within the scope of his or her employment or agency and the employer having knowledge of the conduct, authorizes or ratifies the conduct or recklessly disregards the conduct.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-190 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-190
Section 13A-6-190 Short Title
Status: in_force

This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the Protecting Alabama’s Elders Act.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-41 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-41
Section 13A-6-41 Unlawful Imprisonment in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful imprisonment in the first degree if he restrains another person under circumstances which expose the latter to a risk of serious physical injury.

(b) Unlawful imprisonment in the first degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-2 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-2
Section 13A-11-2 Treason
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of treason if he levies war against the State of Alabama or adheres to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort.

(b) No person shall be convicted of treason unless upon the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or upon confession in open court.

(c) Treason is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-40 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-40
Section 13A-9-40 Definitions
Status: in_force

(a) The definitions contained in Sections 13A-8-1 and 13A-9-1 are applicable in this chapter unless the context otherwise requires.

(b) “Services” is defined as in Section 13A-8-10(b).
Ala. Code § 13A-9-92 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-92
Section 13A-9-92 Revocation of Liquor License for Illegal Possession of Food Stamps
Status: in_force

Any person, licensed to engage in alcoholic beverage transactions in this state pursuant to the Alcoholic Beverage Licensing Code, Chapter 3A of Title 28, who commits the crime of illegal possession of food stamps, shall, upon conviction thereof, in addition to the criminal penalties provided in this article, have his liquor license revoked by the Alcoholic Beverage Control Board and no future license or permit shall be issued or granted to any such person for a period of one year from the date of the revocation of the license.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-361 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-361
Section 13A-12-361 Unlawful Sale of Inhalants
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful sale of inhalants if he or she does either of the following:

(1) Produces, manufactures, sells, offers for sale, or otherwise transfers any compound, liquid, gas, or chemical that contains butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, secondary butyl nitrite, tertiary butyl nitrite, or any mixtures containing butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite, secondary butyl nitrite, or tertiary butyl nitrite.

(2) Produces, manufactures, sells, offers for sale, or otherwise transfers any compound, liquid, gas, or chemical that contains nitrous oxide, commonly known as “laughing gas,” or any amyl nitrite, commonly known as “poppers” or “snappers.”

(b) Unlawful sale of inhalants is a Class D felony.

(c) Subsection (a) shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) The production, manufacture, purchase, sale, or transfer of the substances by a licensed hospital, as defined in Section 22-21-20, other health care facility, as defined in Section 22-21-311, or a licensed medical or dental practitioner, for the purposes of the lawful prescription, order, or administration to a patient.

(2) The production, manufacture, purchase, sale, or transfer of the substances by a manufacturer as part of a manufacturing process or industrial operation by a person at least 21 years of age.

(3) The production, manufacture, purchase, sale, or transfer of nitrous oxide as a propellant in food preparation for restaurant, food service, or houseware products by a person at least 21 years of age.

(4) The production, manufacture, purchase, sale, or transfer of nitrous oxide for automotive purposes by a person at least 21 years of age.

(d) The presence of additional flavoring in a substance or labeling on any part of a container of a substance referring to the substance being flavored shall create a rebuttable presumption against the exceptions listed in subsection (c).
Ala. Code § 13A-9-18 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-18
Section 13A-9-18 Criminal Impersonation
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal impersonation if he:

(1) Assumes a false identity and does an act in his assumed character with intent to gain an economic benefit for himself or another or to injure or defraud another; or

(2) Pretends to be a representative of some person or organization and does an act in his pretended capacity with intent to gain an economic benefit for himself or another or to injure or defraud another.

(b) Criminal impersonation is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-9 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-9
Section 13A-11-9 Loitering
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of loitering if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Loiters, remains, or wanders about in a public place for the purpose of begging.

(2) Loiters or remains in a public place for the purpose of gambling.

(3) Loiters or remains in a public place for the purpose of engaging or soliciting another person to engage in prostitution or sodomy.

(4) Being masked, loiters, remains, or congregates in a public place.

(5) Loiters or remains in or about a school, college, or university building or grounds after having been told to leave by any authorized official of the school, college, or university, not having any reason or relationship involving custody of or responsibility for a pupil or any other specific, legitimate reason for being there, and not having written permission from a school, college, or university administrator.

(6) Loiters or remains in any transportation facility, unless specifically authorized to do so, for the purpose of soliciting or engaging in any business, trade, or commercial transactions involving the sale of merchandise or services.

(7) Loiters or remains in any place with one or more persons for the purpose of unlawfully using or possessing a dangerous drug.

(8) Loiters or remains on a public roadway maintained by the state , the right-of-way of a public roadway maintained by the state , or any area within 30 feet of any interchange involving a controlled-access or limited-access highway . An “interchange” is defined as a system of interconnecting roadways providing for traffic movement between two or more roadways that do not intersect at grade.

(b) A person does not commit a crime under subdivision (a)(4) if he or she is going to or from or staying at a masquerade party, or is participating in a public parade or presentation of an educational, religious, or historical character or in an event as defined in Section 13A-11-140.

(c) Sodomy in subdivision (a)(3) is defined as in Section 13A-6-60.

(d) Dangerous drug in subdivision (a)(7) means any narcotic, drug, or controlled substance as defined in Chapter 2 of Title 20 and any schedule incorporated therein.

(e) Loitering is a violation. A second or subsequent violation of this section in the same jurisdiction is a Class C misdemeanor.

(f)(1) Prior to making an arrest for a violation of subdivision (a)(8) , a law enforcement officer may instruct any person in violation of subdivision (a)(8) to immediately and peaceably exit the public roadway maintained by the state or the right-of-way of the public roadway maintained by the state.

(2)a. Prior to making an arrest for an initial violation of subdivision (a)(8) , a law enforcement officer may offer to transport any person in violation of subdivision (a)(8) to a location in the jurisdiction that offers emergency housing, if applicable.

b. If a person accepts an offer made pursuant to subdivision (1), a law enforcement officer may transport the person accordingly.

(g) Any actions undertaken by a law enforcement officer pursuant to this section shall be subject to Section 36-1-12.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-14 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-14
Section 13A-10-14 Unlawful Use of Facsimile of Official Identification Card
Status: in_force

(a) It is unlawful for anyone to possess and present a facsimile of an official identification card issued by the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency.

(b) It is a Class A misdemeanor for any person to possess and present such a facsimile of an official identification card as described in subsection (b) of Section 13A-10-13.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-45 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-45
Section 13A-9-45 Falsifying Business Records
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of falsifying business records if, with intent to defraud, he:

(1) Makes or causes a false entry in the business records of an enterprise; or

(2) Alters, erases, obliterates, deletes, removes or destroys a true entry in the business records of an enterprise when he knows the retention or preservation of a true entry is required by law independent of this section; or

(3) Omits to make a true entry in the business records of an enterprise in violation of a duty to do so which he knows to be imposed upon him by law; or

(4) Prevents the making of a true entry or causes the omission thereof in the business records of an enterprise when he knows a true entry is required by law independent of this section.

(b) “Enterprise” means any entity of one or more persons, corporate or otherwise, engaged in business, commercial, professional, industrial, eleemosynary, political or social activity.

(c) “Business record” means any writing or article kept or maintained by an enterprise for the purpose of evidencing or reflecting its condition or activity.

(d) Falsifying business records is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-226 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-226
Section 13A-11-226 Use of Permanent or Portable Electrical Generators
Status: in_force

(a) The Legislature finds and declares the following:

(1) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this section to prevent electricity generated by permanent or portable electric generators used by persons from back-feeding into an electrical distribution system causing possible bodily injury and harm, including death, and property damage.

(2) That every year in the State of Alabama the use of permanent or portable electric generators to supply power, unless appropriate safeguards are used, creates extremely hazardous conditions from back-feeding electric current onto electrical distribution systems of the electric supplier to which the homes or businesses are connecting, causing death, bodily injury, and property damage.

(3) The dangers created by portable or permanent generators may be mitigated for the benefit of all, including the owner of the electric generator, by enacting certain safety standards to mitigate possible bodily injury, death, or property damage.

(b) In order to prevent back-feeding electricity onto the electric distribution system of the electric supplier, a portable electric generator that is capable of being connected directly into the electrical system of a commercial, industrial, or residential structure may only be connected and used if the structure’s electrical system and the electricity generated by the generator are isolated, at the main breaker panel of the structure, from the electrical distribution system.

(c)(1) This section does not apply to any electric generator that is capable of being permanently connected to the electrical system of a commercial, industrial, or residential structure by way of a transfer switch or other mechanism, as approved by the applicable electric supplier, so that the electricity generated by the generator is prevented from back-feeding onto the electric distribution system of the electric supplier, except as authorized by the applicable electric supplier.

(2) This section does not apply to a permanently connected generator that runs in parallel with the electric distribution system of an electric supplier or the electrical system of a structure and is approved by the applicable electric supplier.

(3) This section does not apply to a permanently connected energy storage system that receives energy from a generator or the applicable electric supplier, is capable of running in parallel with the electric distribution system of the electric supplier or the electrical system of a structure, and is approved by the applicable electric supplier.

(d) A person who violates this section shall be guilty of a Class C misdemeanor.

(e)(1) As used in this section, the term “electric supplier” has the same meaning as provided under Section 37-14-31.

(2) As used in this section, the term “generator” means a facility owned and operated by a customer of an electric supplier for the production of electrical energy, which is capable of transmitting electrical energy to the electric distribution system of the electric supplier at any time, and that is intended primarily to offset part or all of the customer’s requirements for electricity.

(f) Nothing in this section affects or modifies the jurisdiction of the Alabama Public Service Commission or any rates or service regulations filed with the commission.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-92 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-92
Section 13A-12-92 Proof of Ownership, Etc
Status: in_force

Upon the trial of such person, proof of the owning, holding or possession of such stamp may be made by two witnesses who have seen such stamp in the place of business of the holder or on his person, or by the production of the original stamp with proof by one or more witnesses that it is the property of the defendant, or by production by the state of a copy of such stamp certified by the director of the issuing federal internal revenue district as being a copy of the stamp originally issued to the defendant. Proof made as herein provided shall be sufficient evidence, without explanation, to convict of violation of the gambling laws.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-51 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-51
Section 13A-12-51 District Attorney to File Complaint on Certain Information
Status: in_force

When it shall be made known to any district attorney who prosecutes criminal cases in the county by the chief of police, sheriff or other officer or by any reputable citizen that any hotel, tavern, inn or other building has been provided with bells, wires, signals or dumbwaiters or any of them, or other implements or appliances for communicating with the occupants of a gaming place or rooms used for gambling, or that barred or locked doors have been provided which prevent the access of any officer to said rooms where said gaming is carried on, the district attorney shall file a complaint in a court against the owner of such building or room, as well as against the keeper or proprietor of such hotel, tavern, inn or other building to obtain a mandatory injunction to compel the removal of all the things, implements or devices hereinabove mentioned and to perpetually enjoin them from permitting said hotel, tavern, inn or building to be used for the purpose of gaming, and application shall be made upon the filing of such complaint to the judge for a preliminary injunction if the district attorney will make the affidavit to said complaint which he may do on information or belief or if any other officer or citizen offers to make such affidavit so as to obtain an order for a preliminary injunction. Any party or parties operating or conducting said gaming room or place, or found therein, may be joined as parties defendant to the complaint.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-91 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-91
Section 13A-6-91 Aggravated Stalking in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person who violates the provisions of Section 13A-6-90(a) and whose conduct in doing so also violates any court order or injunction is guilty of the crime of aggravated stalking in the first degree.

(b) The crime of aggravated stalking in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-13 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-13
Section 13A-11-13 Abuse of Corpse
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of abuse of a corpse if, except as otherwise authorized by law, he knowingly treats a human corpse in a way that would outrage ordinary family sensibilities. Abuse of a corpse may include knowingly and willfully signing a certificate as having embalmed, cremated, or prepared a human body for disposition when, in fact, the services were not performed as indicated.

(b) Abuse of a corpse is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-71 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-71
Section 13A-11-71 Committing Crime When Armed; Evidence of Intent
Status: in_force

Any person who commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence when armed with a pistol, in addition to the punishment provided for the crime, may additionally be punished as provided by this division.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-22 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-22
Section 13A-8-22 Obscuring Identity of Vehicle
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of obscuring identity of a vehicle if:

(1) He obscures the manufacturer’s serial number or any other distinguishing identification number or mark upon any vehicle or component part thereof, except tires, with intent to render it unidentifiable; or

(2) He possesses a vehicle or component part thereof knowing that the manufacturer’s serial number or other identification number or mark has been obscured unless he legally acquired ownership of the vehicle or part before the manufacturer’s serial number was obscured or before he knew it was obscured.

(b) “Obscure” means to remove, deface, cover, alter, destroy or otherwise render unidentifiable.

(c) “Vehicle” means any propelled device in, upon or by which any person or property is transported on land, water or in the air, including stationary rails or tracks, and includes motor vehicles, motorboats, vessels and aircraft.

(d) Proof that a person has obscured the manufacturer’s serial number or other distinguishing identification number or mark on a vehicle is prima facie evidence that he did so with the intent to render it unidentifiable within the meaning of subdivision (a)(1) of this section.

(e) Possession of a vehicle held for sale in the course of business on which the serial number or other identification number or mark has been obscured is prima facie evidence of knowledge of that fact.

(f) A report by the defendant to the police or other appropriate government agency before arrest is a defense to a charge of violating subdivision (a)(2) of this section. The burden of injecting this issue is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.

(g) Obscuring identity of a vehicle is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-194 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-194
Section 13A-6-194 Elder Abuse and Neglect - Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of elder abuse and neglect in the third degree if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Recklessly abuses or neglects any elderly person and the abuse or neglect causes physical injury.

(2) Recklessly emotionally abuses any elderly person.

(b) Elder abuse and neglect in the third degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-27 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-27
Section 13A-12-27 Possession of Gambling Device
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of possession of a gambling device if with knowledge of the character thereof he or she manufactures, sells, transports, places or possesses, or conducts or negotiates any transaction affecting or designed to affect ownership, custody or use of:

(1) A slot machine, unless exempted pursuant to subsection (c); or

(2) Any other gambling device, with the intention that it be used in the advancement of unlawful gambling activity.

(b) Possession of a gambling device is a Class A misdemeanor.

(c) The crime of possession of a gambling device does not apply to a slot machine manufactured before 1960, with the intention that the slot machine be used only for the personal and private use of the owner or for public display as a historical artifact in a manner that the slot machine is not accessible to the public.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-66 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-66
Section 13A-6-66 Sexual Abuse in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of sexual abuse in the first degree if he or she does either of the following:

(1) Subjects another person to sexual contact by forcible compulsion.

(2) Subjects another person to sexual contact who is incapable of consent by reason of being incapacitated.

(b) Sexual abuse in the first degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-131 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-131
Section 13A-10-131 Simulating Legal Process
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of simulating legal process if he knowingly delivers or causes to be delivered to another person any demand, request or claim for the payment of money or the delivery or transfer of property that in form and substance simulates any legal process issued by any court of this state.

(b) Simulating legal process is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-83 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-83
Section 13A-8-83 Manufacturer’s Name Required on Package
Status: in_force

Every recorded device sold, rented or transferred for commercial advantage or private financial gain, or possessed for the purpose of sale, rental or transfer by any manufacturer, distributor or wholesale or retail merchant shall contain on its packaging the true name and address of the manufacturer; provided, that the term “manufacturer” shall not include the manufacturer of the cartridge or casing itself, but shall mean the manufacturer of the actual recorded material. The term “recorded device” means the tangible medium upon which sounds or images are recorded or otherwise stored, and includes any phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, videocassette, film, or other medium now known or later developed on which sounds or images are recorded or otherwise stored.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-22.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-22.1
Section 13A-8-22.1 Advertisement for Purchase of a Salvage or Junk Branded Motor Vehicle
Status: in_force

(a) A person, as defined in Section 32-8-2, who advertises in a newspaper, on a website, on a public display or sign, or through an online service, for the purchase of a salvage or junk branded motor vehicle shall clearly and conspicuously disclose on the advertisement his or her true and correct company name, physical address, telephone number, and current license number issued under, and registered in accordance with, Article 8 or Article 9, Chapter 12, Title 40, or Chapter 8, Title 13A.

(b)(1) A person who advertises in violation of subsection (a) commits a Class A misdemeanor.

(2) A person required by state law to be licensed as a motor vehicle dealer, who is not licensed, and who advertises in violation of subsection (a), commits a Class A misdemeanor.

(3) One half of any fines assessed and collected for violations of this subsection shall be deposited into the General Fund and one half of any fines assessed and collected for violations of this subsection shall be deposited with the local law enforcement agency that has jurisdiction over the crime committed.

(c) Subsections (a) and (b) do not apply to either of the following:

(1) A person who offers to purchase a motor vehicle on his or her behalf for personal purposes other than rebuilding, dismantling, or recycling into metallic scrap as provided by Section 32-8-87, or a motor vehicle that meets the conditions set forth in paragraph f. of subdivision (2) of subsection(s) of Section 32-8-87.

(2) A motor vehicle dealer with an advertisement that is physically attached to the outside of its physical address or location, located on dealership property, or on an easement directly adjacent to dealership property.

(d) This section does not apply to any of the following:

(1) A person conducting a private transaction seeking to sell his or her own personal vehicle.

(2) A person licensed under Article 8 or Article 9, Chapter 12, Title 40.

(3) A person registered in accordance with Article 1A, Chapter 8, Title 13A.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-282 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-282
Section 13A-6-282 Abuse and Neglect of an Adult with a Disability - First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the first degree if he or she intentionally abuses or neglects any adult with a disability and the abuse or neglect causes serious physical injury to the adult with a disability.

(b) Abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the first degree is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-49 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-49
Section 13A-9-49 Issuing False Financial Statement
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of issuing a false financial statement if, with intent to defraud, he:

(1) Knowingly makes or utters a written instrument which purports to describe the financial condition or ability of himself or some other person and which is inaccurate in some material respect; or

(2) Represents in writing that a written instrument purporting to describe a person’s financial condition or ability to pay is accurate with respect to that person’s current financial condition or ability to pay, knowing or having reason to believe the instrument to be materially inaccurate in that respect.

(b) Issuing a false financial statement is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-122 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-122
Section 13A-10-122 Bribe Receiving by a Witness
Status: in_force

(a) A witness or a person believing he will be called as a witness in any official proceeding commits the crime of bribe receiving by a witness if he solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any thing of value upon an agreement or understanding that:

(1) His testimony will thereby be corruptly influenced;

(2) He will attempt to avoid legal process summoning him to testify; or

(3) He will attempt to absent himself from an official proceeding to which he has been legally summoned.

(b) This section does not apply to the payment of additional compensation to an expert witness over and above the amount otherwise prescribed by law to be paid to a witness.

(c) Bribe receiving by a witness is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-50 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-50
Section 13A-9-50 Receiving Deposits in Failing Financial Institution
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of receiving deposits in a failing financial institution, if, as an officer, manager or other person participating in the direction of a financial institution, he knowingly receives or permits the receipt of funds, a general deposit or other investment, knowing or having reason to believe that:

(1) Due to financial difficulties the institution is about to suspend operations or go into receivership or reorganization, and

(2) The person making the deposit or other payment is unaware of the precarious situation of the institution.

(b) Receiving deposits in a failing financial institution is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-2-1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 2 / Section 13A-2-1
Section 13A-2-1 Definitions - Generally
Status: in_force

The following definitions apply to this Criminal Code:

(1) ACT. A bodily movement, and such term includes possession of property.

(2) VOLUNTARY ACT. An act performed consciously as a result of effort or determination, and such term includes the possession of property if the actor was aware of his physical possession or control thereof for a sufficient time to have been able to terminate it.

(3) OMISSION. A failure to perform an act as to which a duty of performance is imposed by law.

(4) CONDUCT. An act or omission and its accompanying mental state.

(5) TO ACT. Either to perform an act or to omit to perform an act.

(6) CULPABLE MENTAL STATE. Such term means “intentionally” or “knowingly” or “recklessly” or with “criminal negligence,” as these terms are defined in Section 13A-2-2.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-74.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-74.1
Section 13A-11-74.1 (Effective January 1, 2023) Carrying a Pistol Without a Permit
Status: in_force

The issuance of a permit to carry a pistol pursuant to Section 13A-11-75, or the recognition of a nonresident license pursuant to Section 13A-11-85, does not impose a general prohibition on the carrying of a pistol without a permit.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-35 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-35
Section 13A-11-35 Divulging Illegally-Obtained Information
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of divulging illegally-obtained information if he knowingly or recklessly uses or divulges information obtained through criminal eavesdropping or criminal surveillance.

(b) Divulging illegally-obtained information is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-91 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-91
Section 13A-7-91 Operation of Unmanned Aircraft System Over a Department of Corrections Facility Prohibited in Certain Circumstances; Exceptions
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), a person may not:

(1) Operate an unmanned aircraft system within a horizontal distance of 500 feet or a vertical distance of 200 feet from a facility; or

(2) Operate an unmanned aircraft system to conduct surveillance of or photograph or otherwise record images of a facility.

(b) Subsection (a) does not apply to the use of an unmanned aircraft system by:

(1) The Alabama Department of Corrections;

(2) A person authorized by federal regulations to operate an unmanned aircraft system and who is operating the system in a lawful manner and consistent with federal regulations;

(3) The Armed Forces of the United States of America;

(4) The Alabama National Guard; or

(5) Any of the following with prior written permission from the Commissioner of the Department of Corrections:

a. A contractor working on behalf of the Department of Corrections;

b. Any state or federal law enforcement agency or public safety agency responding to an emergency;

c. A person engaged in official emergency functions or emergency management; or

d. Any state or federal public utility.

(c) A violation of this section is a Class C felony and a person violating this section shall be fined not less than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500). The sentence shall include a mandatory sentence, which is not subject to suspension or probation, of imprisonment in the Department of Corrections or county jail for not less than 30 days.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-126 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-126
Section 13A-10-126 Bribe Receiving by a Juror
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of bribe receiving by a juror if he solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any pecuniary benefit upon an agreement or understanding that his vote, opinion, decision or other action as a juror will thereby be corruptly influenced.

(b) Bribe receiving by a juror is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-82.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-82.1
Section 13A-11-82.1 Possession, Sale, Use, Etc., of Parts Designed or Intended to Convert a Pistol into a Machine Gun Prohibited
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the term “machine gun” means any weapon which shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. The term shall include the frame or receiver of any such weapon, any part designed and intended solely and exclusively, or combination of parts designed and intended, for use in converting a weapon into a machine gun, and any combination of parts from which a machine gun can be assembled if such parts are in the possession or under the control of a person.

(b) A person who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a part or combination of parts designed and intended to convert a pistol into a machine gun is guilty of a Class C felony.

(c) This section does not apply to any of the following:

(1) A state or local law enforcement officer while acting in an official capacity.

(2) A person who owns or has in his or her possession, control, care, or custody a firearm, part, or combination of parts that are registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives or is otherwise not subject to that registration requirement.

(3) Any part, combination of parts, or device designed or intended to increase a pistol’s rate of fire but which does not enable a semiautomatic pistol to fire more than two shots, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-247 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-247
Section 13A-11-247 Construction
Status: in_force

This article shall not be construed to repeal other criminal laws. Whenever conduct prescribed by any provision of this article is also prescribed by any other provision of law, the provision which carries the more serious penalty shall be applied.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-263 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-263
Section 13A-11-263 Penalties
Status: in_force

In addition to any other penalties imposed, any person who violates this article may be ordered by the court to pay restitution to the owner of the police animal or search and rescue animal and the agency involved for expenses caused by the violation, including, but not limited to, the following:

(1) Any veterinary expenses resulting from the violation.

(2) Replacement costs of the animal if it is stolen, killed, or disabled temporarily or permanently, and can no longer perform its duties.

(3) The salary of the handler for the period of time his or her services are lost to the employer and any expenses for a replacement employee during that period of time, if needed.

(4) The value of any services lost to employer until replacement services are obtained.

(5) Any lost or damaged equipment.

(6) Training, retraining, or rehabilitation expenses for the animal and for the handler.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-95 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-95
Section 13A-6-95 Electronic Stalking in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person who, without the consent of the owner or except as otherwise authorized by law, places any electronic tracking device on the property of another person with the intent to surveil, stalk, or harass, or for any other unlawful purpose, is guilty of the crime of electronic stalking in the first degree.

(b)(1) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (2), a violation of this section is a Class C felony.

(2) A person who violates this section and whose conduct violates an existing domestic violence protection order, elder abuse protection order, temporary restraining order, or any other court order, shall be guilty of a Class B felony.

(c) In any criminal proceeding brought pursuant to this section, the crime shall be considered to have been committed in all of the following:

(1) The county in which any part of the crime took place.

(2) The county where the electronic tracking device was discovered.

(3) The county of residence of the owner of the property.

(d) The statute of limitations shall begin at the time of the discovery of the electronic tracking device.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-242 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-242
Section 13A-11-242 Appointment of Agents
Status: in_force

Any county or municipality may appoint one or more trained agents to inspect alleged violations of this article, to protect dogs or cats from any cruelty charged, and to prevent any cruelty to any dog or cat. Any appointment made pursuant to this section shall be made at a meeting of the local governing body duly called with notice.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-21 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-21
Section 13A-7-21 Criminal Mischief in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal mischief in the first degree if, with intent to damage property, and having no right to do so or any reasonable ground to believe that he or she has such a right, he or she inflicts damages to property:

(1) In an amount exceeding two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500); or

(2) By means of an explosion.

(b) Criminal mischief in the first degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-244 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-244
Section 13A-11-244 Hearing
Status: in_force

(a) The law enforcement officer or any agent of the county or of the municipality, without the requirement of any fee or charge for court costs, shall immediately petition the municipal court if the violation involves a municipal ordinance or the district court in the county in which the dog or cat is found for a hearing to be set within 20 days of seizure of the dog or cat or issuance of the order to provide care. The hearing shall be held not more than 10 days after the setting of the date to determine whether the owner, if known, is able to provide adequately and protectively for the dog or cat and is fit to have custody of the dog or cat. The hearing shall be concluded and the court order entered within 30 days after the date the hearing is commenced.

(b) The owner, at least five days prior to holding such a hearing, shall be notified of the date of the hearing to determine if the owner is able to provide adequately and protectively for the dog or cat and is fit to have custody of the dog or cat.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-35.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-35.1
Section 13A-8-35.1 Liability for Injuries
Status: in_force

(a) A public or private owner of metal property is not civilly liable to a person who is injured during the theft or attempted theft of metal property in any amount by the person or a third party.

(b) A public or private owner of metal property is not civilly liable for a person’s injuries caused by a dangerous condition created as a result of the theft or attempted theft of the owner’s metal property in any amount when the owner of the metal property did not know and could not have reasonably known of the dangerous condition.

(c) This section does not create or impose a duty of care upon an owner of metal property that would not otherwise exist under common law.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-2 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-2
Section 13A-5-2 Authorized Dispositions
Status: in_force

(a) Every person convicted of a felony shall be sentenced by the court to imprisonment for a term authorized by Sections 13A-5-6, 13A-5-9, and 13A-5-10.

(b) In addition to imprisonment, every person convicted of a felony may be sentenced by the court to pay a fine authorized by Section 13A-5-11.

(c) Every person convicted of a misdemeanor or violation shall be sentenced by the court to:

(1) Imprisonment for a term authorized by Section 13A-5-7; or

(2) Pay a fine authorized by Section 13A-5-12; or

(3) Both such imprisonment and fine.

(d) Every person convicted of a felony, misdemeanor, or violation, except for the commission of a sex offense involving a child as defined in Section 15-20A-4(26), may be placed on probation as authorized by law.

(e) This article does not deprive a court of authority conferred by law to forfeit property, dissolve a corporation, suspend or cancel a license or permit, remove a person from office, cite for contempt, or impose any other lawful civil penalty. Such a judgment, order, or decree may be included as part of the sentence.

(f) Every person convicted of murder shall be sentenced by the court to imprisonment for a term, or to death, life imprisonment without parole, or life imprisonment in the case of a defendant who establishes that he or she was under the age of 18 years at the time of the offense, as authorized by subsection (c) of Section 13A-6-2.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-44 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-44
Section 13A-8-44 Claim of Right Not Defense in Robbery Prosecution
Status: in_force

No person may submit in defense against a prosecution for robbery in any of its degrees that there was no theft because the taking was under a claim of right. Claim of right is not a defense under this article.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-3 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-3
Section 13A-6-3 Manslaughter. (Amended by Act 2026-64)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-64, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person commits the crime of manslaughter if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Recklessly causes the death of another person.

(2) Causes the death of another person under circumstances that would constitute murder under Section 13A-6-2; except, that he or she causes the death due to a sudden heat of passion caused by provocation recognized by law, and before a reasonable time for the passion to cool and for reason to reassert itself.

(3)a. Knowingly sells, furnishes, gives away, delivers, or distributes a controlled substance in violation of Section 13A-12-211, which contains fentanyl, any mixture containing fentanyl, any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl, or any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl analogue as described in Sections 20-2-23 and 20-2-25, and the person to whom the controlled substance is sold, furnished, given, delivered, or distributed dies as a proximate result of the use of the controlled substance; provided, nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to apply to a licensed physician engaged in the practice of medicine, a licensed pharmacist engaged in the practice of pharmacy, or a licensed dentist engaged in the practice of dentistry.

b. It is not a defense to this subdivision that the person who sold, furnished, gave away, delivered, or distributed the controlled substance had no knowledge that the controlled substance contained fentanyl, any mixture containing fentanyl, any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl, or any synthetic controlled substance fentanyl analogue as described in Section 20-2-23 and 20-2-25.

(b) Manslaughter is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-7-28 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 7 / Section 13A-7-28
Section 13A-7-28 Criminal Possession of Noxious Substances
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of criminal possession of noxious substances if he possesses, manufactures or transports any stink bomb or device, irritant, offensive-smelling or injurious substance, and intends that the injurious article or substance be used in the commission of any crime.

(b) Criminal possession of noxious substances is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-3.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-3.1
Section 13A-12-3.1 Definitions
Status: in_force

For purposes of this article, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(1) ALTERNATIVE NICOTINE PRODUCT. The same meaning as in Section 28-11-2.

(2) BOARD. The same meaning as in Section 28-11-2.

(3) BRAND STYLE. A variety of cigarettes distinguished by the tobacco used, tar and nicotine content, flavoring used, size of cigarette, filtration on the cigarette, or packaging.

(4) CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS STATEMENT. A statement that is of sufficient type size to be clearly readable by the recipient of the communication.

(5) COMMISSIONER. The Commissioner of the Alabama Department of Revenue.

(6) CONSUMER. An individual who acquires or seeks to acquire cigarettes, or any one or more articles taxed herein, for personal use.

(7) DELIVERY SALE. Any sale of cigarettes to a consumer within this state, regardless of whether the seller is located in this state, where either of the following is true:

a. The purchaser submits the order for sale by means of a telephonic or other method of voice transmission, the mails or any other delivery service, facsimile transmission, or the Internet or other online service.

b. The cigarettes are delivered by use of the mails or other delivery service.

(8) DELIVERY SALE OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS OR ALTERNATIVE NICOTINE PRODUCTS. Any sale of electronic nicotine delivery systems or alternative nicotine products to a consumer in this state, regardless of whether the seller is located in this state, where either of the following is true:

a. The purchaser submits the order for the sale by means of a telephonic or other method of voice transmission, the mails or any other delivery service, facsimile transmission, or the Internet or other online service.

b. The electronic nicotine delivery systems or alternative nicotine products are delivered by use of the mails or other delivery service.

(9) DELIVERY SALES STATUTES. Those provisions contained within Sections 13A-12-3.2, 13A-12-3.3, 13A-12-3.4, 13A-12-3.5, 13A-12-3.6, and 13A-12-3.7.

(10) DELIVERY SERVICE. Any person, other than a person who makes a delivery sale, who delivers to the consumer the cigarettes sold in a delivery sale.

(11) DEPARTMENT. The Alabama Department of Revenue.

(12) ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEM. The same meaning as in Section 28-11-2.

(13) GOVERNMENT-ISSUED IDENTIFICATION. A state driver’s license, state identification card, passport, a military identification, or an official naturalization or immigration document, including an alien registration recipient card or green card, or an immigrant visa.

(14) LEGAL MINIMUM AGE. 21 years of age.

(15) LIQUID NICOTINE CONTAINER. The same meaning as in Section 28-11-2.

(16) MAILS or MAILING. The shipment of cigarettes through the United States Postal Service.

(17) OUT-OF-STATE SALE. A sale of cigarettes to a consumer located outside of this state where the consumer submits the order for sale by means of a telephonic or other method of voice transmission, the mails or any other delivery service, facsimile transmission, or the Internet or other online service, and where the cigarettes are delivered by use of the mails or other delivery service.

(18) PERSON. Any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, or other organization that engages in any for-profit or not-for-profit activities.

(19) SHIPPING DOCUMENTS. Bills of lading, air bills, or any other documents used to evidence the undertaking by a delivery service to deliver letters, packages, or other containers.

(20) SHIPPING PACKAGE. A container in which packs or cartons of cigarettes are shipped in connection with a delivery sale.

(21) STAMP or STAMPS. The stamp or stamps by the use of which the tax levied under this article is paid and shall be designated Alabama Revenue Stamps.

(22) WITHIN THIS STATE. Within the exterior limits of the State of Alabama.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-12.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-12.1
Section 13A-5-12.1 Fines for Certain Additional Misdemeanors
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2011-680, p. 2004, §2, effective June 14, 2011.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-194 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-194
Section 13A-8-194 Obstructing Justice Using a False Identity
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of obstructing justice using a false identity if he or she uses identification documents or identifying information of another person or a fictitious person to avoid summons, arrest, prosecution, or to impede a criminal investigation.

(b) Obstructing justice using a false identity is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-33 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-33
Section 13A-8-33 Law Enforcement Officers Authorized to Place Hold on Certain Sales of Metals
Status: in_force

(a)(1) Whenever a law enforcement officer has reasonable suspicion to believe that any item of metal property in the possession of a secondary metals recycler has been stolen, the law enforcement officer, may issue a hold notice to the secondary metals recycler. The hold notice shall be in writing, shall be delivered to the secondary metals recycler, shall specifically identify those items of metal property that are believed to have been stolen and that are subject to the notice, and shall inform the secondary metals recycler of the information contained in this section.

(2) Upon receipt of the notice, the secondary metals recycler may not process or remove the items of metal property identified in the notice, or any portion thereof, from the place of business of the secondary metals recycler for 15 calendar days after receipt of the notice by the secondary metals recycler, unless sooner released by a law enforcement officer.

(b)(1) No later than the expiration of the 15-day period, a law enforcement officer after receiving additional substantive evidence may issue a second hold notice to the secondary metals recycler, which shall be an extended hold notice. The extended hold notice shall be in writing, shall be delivered to the secondary metals recycler, shall specifically identify those items of metal property that are believed to have been stolen and that are subject to the extended hold notice, and shall inform the secondary metals recycler of the information contained in this section.

(2) Upon receipt of the extended hold notice, the secondary metals recycler may not process or remove the items of metal property identified in the notice, or any portion thereof, from the place of business of the secondary metals recycler for 30 calendar days after receipt of the extended hold notice by the secondary metals recycler, unless sooner released by a law enforcement officer.

(c) At the expiration of the hold period or, if extended in accordance with this section, at the expiration of the extended hold period, the hold is automatically released and the secondary metals recycler may dispose of the metal property unless other disposition has been ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction.

(d) Any person who intentionally violates the requirements of subsection (a) or (b) shall be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor for a first offense, a Class A misdemeanor for a second offense, and a Class C felony for a third or subsequent offense within a 10-year period.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-134 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-134
Section 13A-6-134 Arrest Without Warrant - Determination of Predominant Aggressor; Notice Requirements; Liability of Officer
Status: in_force

(a) If a law enforcement officer receives complaints of domestic violence from two or more opposing persons, or if both parties have injuries, the officer shall evaluate each complaint separately to determine who was the predominant aggressor. If the officer determines that one person was the predominant physical aggressor, that person may be arrested; however, a person who acts in a reasonable manner to protect himself or herself or another family or household member from domestic violence may not be arrested for a violation of Section 13A-6-130, 13A-6-131, 13A-6-132, or 13A-6-138. In determining whether a person is the predominant aggressor, the officer shall consider all of the following:

(1) Prior complaints of domestic violence.

(2) The relative severity of the injuries inflicted on each person, including whether the injuries are offensive versus defensive in nature.

(3) The likelihood of future injury to each person.

(4) Whether the person had reasonable cause to believe he or she was in imminent danger of becoming a victim of any act of domestic violence.

(5) Whether one of the persons acted in self-defense.

(b) A law enforcement officer shall not threaten, suggest, or otherwise indicate the possible arrest of all parties to discourage the request for intervention by law enforcement by any party or base the decision to arrest or not to arrest on either of the following:

(1) The specific consent or request of the victim.

(2) The officer’s perception of the willingness of a victim of or witness to the domestic violence to testify or otherwise participate in a judicial proceeding.

(c)(1) In addition to victim information services required pursuant to Section 15-23-62, a law enforcement officer, at the time of initial investigation, shall give a victim of domestic violence notice of the legal rights and remedies available on a standard form developed and distributed by the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency pursuant to subdivision (2).

(2) The agency shall develop a “Legal Rights and Remedies Notice to Victims” that includes a general summary of the provisions of the Protection From Abuse Act using language a layperson may understand and the statewide domestic violence hotline number, and shall distribute the notice to all law enforcement agencies throughout the state.

(d) A law enforcement officer is not liable in any civil action filed by any party for an arrest based on probable cause, enforcement of a court order, or service of process arising from an alleged incident of domestic violence, pursuant to Sections 36-1-12 and 6-5-338, as applicable.
Ala. Code § 13A-3-22 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 3 / Section 13A-3-22
Section 13A-3-22 Execution of Public Duty
Status: in_force

Unless inconsistent with other provisions of this article, or with some other provision of law, conduct which would otherwise constitute an offense is justifiable and not criminal when it is required or authorized by law or by a judicial decree or is performed by a public servant in the reasonable exercise of his official powers, duties or functions.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-201 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-201
Section 13A-11-201 Sheriff to Maintain Register and Supply Information
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2011-640, p. 1569, §49, effective July 1, 2011.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-142 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-142
Section 13A-8-142 Written Demand for Return of Leased Property; Form of Notice
Status: in_force

For the purposes of Section 13A-8-141 of this article:

(1) A written demand for the return of leased property may be made by personally delivering a copy thereof to the lessee; such demand may also be delivered to a lessee by certified United States mail, directed to lessee at his address shown on the rental contract, and the return receipt shall be deemed sufficient evidence that the demand was received by the lessee, on the date shown on the receipt.

(2) The form of notice to be given under subdivision (1) of Section 13A-8-141 shall be sufficient if substantially as follows:

“This statutory notice is provided pursuant to Section _____ of the Code of Alabama. You are hereby notified that the name or address given by you, as lessee, and appearing on the rental contract dated _____, wherein _____ is the lessor, was fictitious or false. Pursuant to Alabama law you have seven (7) days from receipt of this demand to return the property rented or leased under the said rental contract to the lessor at the place designated in the rental contract, and to pay all accrued lease or rental charges. Unless the said property is so returned, and accrued rental charges paid, all as provided by the said rental contract, within the time specified above, the lessor may assume that you leased the said property with intent, knowledge or expectation that you, as the lessee would not perform the terms, covenants and agreements appearing in the said rental contract at the time you executed the same, and, therefore that you intended to defraud the lessor. In such case the lessor may turn over the rental contract and all other available information relating to this incident to the proper authorities for criminal prosecution.”

(3) The form of notice to be given under subdivision (2) of Section 13A-8-141 above shall be sufficient if substantially as follows:

“This statutory notice is provided pursuant to Section _____ of the Code of Alabama. You are hereby notified that you have failed to return that certain personal property leased by you under a written rental contract dated _____, wherein _____ is the lessor, to the particular place or at the particular time provided by the said rental contract. Pursuant to Alabama law, you have forty-eight (48) hours from the receipt of this demand to return the leased property to the lessor at the address specified in the rental contract. Unless the said property is returned to the lessor at the address specified in the rental contract within the time specified above, the lessor may assume that at the time you entered into the said rental contract you intended, knew or expected that you would not perform the terms, covenants and agreements of the lessee thereunder, and that you intended to defraud the lessor. In such case the lessor may turn over the rental contract and all other available information relating to this incident to the proper authorities for criminal prosecution.”
Ala. Code § 13A-11-241 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-241
Section 13A-11-241 Cruelty in First and Second Degrees
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of cruelty to a dog or cat in the first degree if he or she intentionally tortures any dog or cat or skins a domestic dog or cat or offers for sale or exchange or offers to buy or exchange the fur, hide, or pelt of a domestic dog or cat. Cruelty to a dog or cat in the first degree is a Class C felony. A conviction for a felony pursuant to this section shall not be considered a felony for purposes of the Habitual Felony Offender Act, Sections 13A-5-9 to 13A-5-10.1, inclusive.

(b) A person commits the crime of cruelty to a dog or cat in the second degree if he or she, in a cruel manner, overloads, overdrives, deprives of necessary sustenance or shelter, unnecessarily or cruelly beats, injuries, mutilates, or causes the same to be done. Cruelty to a dog or cat in the second degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-228 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-228
Section 13A-8-228 Defense Precluded Upon Explicit Representation of Property as Stolen, Embezzled, or Converted
Status: in_force

It is not a defense to a charge under this article that the property was not stolen, embezzled, or converted property at the time of the violation if the property was explicitly represented to the accused person as being stolen, embezzled, or converted property.
Ala. Code § 13A-5-43.2 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 5 / Section 13A-5-43.2
Section 13A-5-43.2 Applicability of Certain Provisions to Persons Under 18 Years of Age
Status: in_force

Act 2016-360 shall apply to any person under the age of 18 years at the time an offense was committed who was sentenced to life without the possibility of parole under Section 13A-5-2, 13A-5-39, 13A-5-43, or 13A-6-2, whether the person is currently incarcerated or hereinafter convicted.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-284 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-284
Section 13A-6-284 Abuse and Neglect of an Adult with a Disability - Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the third degree if he or she recklessly abuses or neglects any adult with a disability and the abuse or neglect causes physical injury.

(b) Abuse and neglect of an adult with a disability in the third degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-102 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-102
Section 13A-8-102 Offenses Against Intellectual Property
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 2012-432, §11, effective August 1, 2012.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-14 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-14
Section 13A-11-14 Cruelty to Animals
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of cruelty to animals if, except as otherwise authorized by law, he or she recklessly or with criminal negligence:

(1) Subjects any animal to cruel mistreatment; or

(2) Subjects any animal in his or her custody to cruel neglect; or

(3) Kills or injures without good cause any animal belonging to another.

(b) Cruelty to animals is a Class A misdemeanor and on the first conviction of a violation of this section shall be punished by a fine of not more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) or imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or both fine and imprisonment; on a second conviction of a violation of this section, shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars ($500) nor more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) or imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or both fine and imprisonment; and on a third or subsequent conviction of a violation of this section, shall be punished by a fine of not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) or imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or both fine and imprisonment.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-36 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-36
Section 13A-11-36 Defenses to Prosecutions Under Article
Status: in_force

(a) A person does not commit a crime under this article if:

(1) He was a peace officer engaged in the lawful performance of his duties; or

(2) He was an officer, employee or agent of a communication common carrier who, while acting in the normal course of his employment, and while engaged in any activity which was a necessary incident to the rendition of his service or to the protection of the rights or property of the carrier of such communication, intercepted, disclosed or used a communication transmitted through the facilities of that carrier; or

(3) He relies in good faith on a lawful court order or legislative authorization.

(b) The burden of injecting the issue under subsection (a) is on the defendant, but this does not shift the burden of proof.
Ala. Code § 13A-1-9 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 1 / Section 13A-1-9
Section 13A-1-9 Lesser Included Offenses
Status: in_force

(a) A defendant may be convicted of an offense included in an offense charged. An offense is an included one if:

(1) It is established by proof of the same or fewer than all the facts required to establish the commission of the offense charged; or

(2) It consists of an attempt or solicitation to commit the offense charged or to commit a lesser included offense; or

(3) It is specifically designated by statute as a lesser degree of the offense charged; or

(4) It differs from the offense charged only in the respect that a less serious injury or risk of injury to the same person, property or public interests, or a lesser kind of culpability suffices to establish its commission.

(b) The court shall not charge the jury with respect to an included offense unless there is a rational basis for a verdict convicting the defendant of the included offense.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-65.1 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-65.1
Section 13A-6-65.1 Sexual Torture. (Amended by Acts 2026-55 and 2026-530)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACTS 2026-55 AND 2026-530, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) A person commits the crime of sexual torture if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Penetrates the vagina, anus, or mouth of another person with an inanimate object, by forcible compulsion, with the intent to sexually torture, sexually abuse, or to gratify the sexual desire of either party.

(2) Penetrates the vagina, anus, or mouth of a person who is incapable of consent by reason of being incapacitated, with an inanimate object, with the intent to sexually torture, sexually abuse, or to gratify the sexual desire of either party.

(3) Penetrates the vagina, anus, or mouth of a person who is less than 12 years old, with an inanimate object, by a person who is 16 years old or older with the intent to sexually torture, sexually abuse, or to gratify the sexual desire of either party.

(4) By inflicting physical injury, including, but not limited to, burning, crushing, wounding, mutilating, or assaulting the sex organs or intimate parts of another person, with the intent to sexually torture, sexually abuse, or to gratify the sexual desire of either party.

(b) The crime of sexual torture is a Class A felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-113 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-113
Section 13A-12-113 Promoting Prostitution in the Third Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of promoting prostitution in the third degree if he knowingly advances or profits from prostitution.

(b) Promoting prostitution in the third degree is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-76 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-76
Section 13A-11-76 Delivery to Minors, Habitual Drunkards, Etc
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), no person shall deliver a pistol to any person who he or she has reasonable cause to believe is a minor, except under the circumstances provided in Section 13A-11-72, a drug addict, or an habitual drunkard, has been convicted in this state or elsewhere of committing or attempting to commit a crime of violence, misdemeanor offense of domestic violence, a violent offense as listed in Section 12-25-32(15), or anyone who is subject to a valid protection order for domestic abuse, or anyone of unsound mind.

(b) A person may deliver a pistol to a person otherwise prohibited from receiving a pistol under subsection (a), if the person has had his or her firearm rights restored by operation of law or legal process.

(c) For the purposes of this section, the terms “convicted,” “misdemeanor offense of domestic violence,” “valid protection order,” and “unsound mind” shall have the same meanings as provided in Section 13A-11-72.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-142 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-142
Section 13A-11-142 Receiving Sports Bribe
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of receiving a sports bribe if:

(1) Being a sports participant, he solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any benefit from another person upon an agreement or understanding that he will thereby be influenced not to give his best efforts in a sports contest; or

(2) Being a sports official, he solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any benefit from another person upon an agreement or understanding that he will perform his duties improperly.

(b) Receiving a sports bribe is a Class A misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-138 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-138
Section 13A-6-138 Domestic Violence by Strangulation or Suffocation
Status: in_force

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) STRANGULATION. Intentionally causing asphyxia by closure or compression of the blood vessels or air passages of the neck as a result of external pressure on the neck.

(2) SUFFOCATION. Intentionally causing asphyxia by depriving a person of air or by preventing a person from breathing through the inhalation of toxic gases or by blocking or obstructing the airway of a person, by any means other than by strangulation.

(b) A person commits the crime of domestic violence by strangulation or suffocation if he or she commits an assault with intent to cause physical harm or commits the crime of menacing pursuant to Section 13A-6-23, by strangulation or suffocation or attempted strangulation or suffocation and the victim is a current or former spouse, parent, step-parent, child, step-child, grandparent, step-grandparent, grandchild, step-grandchild, any person with whom the defendant has a child in common, a present household member, or a person who has or had a dating relationship with the defendant. For the purpose of this section, a household member excludes non-romantic or non-intimate co-residents, and a dating relationship means a current or former relationship of a romantic or intimate nature characterized by the expectation of affectionate or sexual involvement by either party.

(c) Domestic violence by strangulation or suffocation is a Class B felony punishable as provided by law.
Ala. Code § 13A-12-191 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 12 / Section 13A-12-191
Section 13A-12-191 Dissemination or Public Display of Child Sexual Abuse Material
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who shall knowingly disseminate or display publicly any child sexual abuse material shall be guilty of a Class B felony.

(b) Any person who shall knowingly advertise, promote, present, distribute, or solicit by any means, including by computer, any material or purported material in a manner that reflects the belief, or that is intended to cause another to believe, that the material or purported material is a visual depiction of an actual individual under 18 years of age engaging in sexually explicit conduct shall be guilty of a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-137 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-137
Section 13A-6-137 Interference with a Domestic Violence Emergency Call
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of interference with a domestic violence emergency call if he or she intentionally hinders, obstructs, disconnects, or in any way prevents the victim from calling for assistance.

(b) Interference with a domestic violence emergency call is a Class B misdemeanor.
Ala. Code § 13A-8-42 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 8 / Section 13A-8-42
Section 13A-8-42 Robbery in the Second Degree
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of robbery in the second degree if he violates Section 13A-8-43 and he is aided by another person actually present.

(b) Robbery in the second degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-285 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-285
Section 13A-6-285 Financial Exploitation of an Adult with a Disability - First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The financial exploitation of an adult with a disability in which the value of the property taken exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) constitutes financial exploitation of an adult with a disability in the first degree.

(b) Financial exploitation of an adult with a disability in the first degree is a Class B felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-9-90 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 9 / Section 13A-9-90
Section 13A-9-90 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this article, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this section, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

(1) FOOD STAMP COUPON. Any coupon, stamp or type of certificate issued pursuant to the provisions of the Food Stamp Act of 1977.

(2) FOOD STAMP AUTHORIZATION CARD. A document issued by the state agency to an eligible household which shows the total value of coupons the household is authorized to receive during each month pursuant to the provisions of the Food Stamp Act of 1977.
Ala. Code § 13A-3-21 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 3 / Section 13A-3-21
Section 13A-3-21 Basis for Defense Generally; Injury to Innocent Person through Negligence; Civil Remedies
Status: in_force

(a) Defense. Except as otherwise expressly provided, justification or excuse under this article is a defense.

(b) Danger to innocent persons. If a person is justified or excused in using force against a person, but he recklessly or negligently injures or creates a substantial injury to another person, the justifications afforded by this article are unavailable in a prosecution for such recklessness or negligence.

(c) Civil remedy unimpaired. Any justification or excuse within the meaning of this article does not abolish or impair any civil remedy or right of action which is otherwise available.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-290 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-290
Section 13A-11-290 Leaving Child or Incapacitated Person Unattended in Motor Vehicle Prohibited
Status: in_force

(a) This section shall be known and cited as the Amiyah White Act.

(b) For the purposes of this section, the term motor vehicle shall mean any motor vehicle as defined in Section 32-1-1.1, and the term incapacitated person shall mean any incapacitated person as defined in Section 26-2A-20.

(c)(1) A licensed day care center, a licensed child care facility, a program providing day care service to incapacitated persons, or any other child care service that is exempt from licensing pursuant to Section 38-7-3, or an employee thereof, or a person for hire responsible for a child under the age of 7 or an incapacitated person, shall not leave a child or an incapacitated person in a motor vehicle unattended in a manner that creates an unreasonable risk of injury or harm.

(2) A person violating this section shall be punished by a fine of not less than two thousand dollars ($2,000). If a person has a prior conviction or adjudication under this section, the offense is a Class C misdemeanor.

(3) For purposes of determining prior conviction or adjudication pursuant to subdivision (2), conviction in municipal court shall be included.

(4) If the child or incapacitated person receives physical injury as a result of a violation of this section, the person violating this section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

(5) If the child or incapacitated person receives serious physical injury as a result of a violation of this section, the person violating this section is guilty of a Class C felony.

(6) If the child or incapacitated person is fatally injured as a result of a violation of this section, the person violating this section is guilty of a Class B felony.

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this section shall limit any existing cause of action or right to bring a cause of action. A violation of this section shall not be considered evidence of contributory negligence and the liability of an insurer shall not be limited or mitigated.
Ala. Code § 13A-6-260 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 6 / Section 13A-6-260
Section 13A-6-260 Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this article, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) ALEA. The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency.

(2) CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE. Any combination, confederation, alliance, network, conspiracy, understanding, or other similar arrangement in law or in fact, including a streetgang as defined in Section 13A-6-26, of three or more persons, through its membership or through the agency of any member, that engages in a course or pattern of criminal activity.

(3) CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE MEMBER. a. An individual who meets three or more of the following at the time of the planning or commission of the underlying offense:

1. Admits to criminal enterprise membership.

2. Is voluntarily identified as a criminal enterprise member by a parent or guardian.

3. Is identified as a criminal enterprise member by a reliable informant.

4. Adopts the style of dress of a criminal enterprise.

5. Adopts the use of a hand sign identified as used by a criminal enterprise.

6. Has a tattoo identified as used by a criminal enterprise.

7. Associates with one or more known criminal enterprise members.

8. Is identified as a criminal enterprise member by physical evidence.

9. Has been observed in the company of one or more known criminal enterprise members four or more times. Observation in a custodial setting requires a willful association. This subparagraph may be used to identify criminal enterprise members who recruit and organize in jails, prisons, or other detention settings.

10. Has authored any communication indicating responsibility for the commission of any crime by a criminal enterprise.

b. Where a single act or factual transaction satisfied the requirements of more than one of the criteria in paragraph a., each of those criteria has been satisfied for the purposes of this definition.

(4) CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGENCY. Any federal law enforcement agency, prosecuting agency, or corrections agency, or any state, county, or municipal law enforcement agency, prosecuting agency, or corrections agency in this state.

(5) DATABASE. The Alabama Criminal Enterprise Database.

(6) DATABASE INFORMATION. Either of the following:

a. Any contents of the database.

b. Any records, including electronically stored information, which are generated or transmitted to ALEA’s possession, custody, or control due to a criminal justice agency’s submission of information for inclusion in the database.

(7) DESTRUCTIVE DEVICE. The same meaning as in Section 13A-10-190.

(8) FIREARM. Any of the following:

a. Any weapon which will, is designed to, or may be readily converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or the frame or receiver of any such weapon.

b. A firearm silencer.

c. A destructive device.

(9) FIREARMS SILENCER. Any device for silencing, muffling, or diminishing the report of a portable firearm, including any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating a firearm silencer, and any part intended only for use in such assembly or fabrication.

(10) MACHINE GUN. Any weapon that shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. The term shall also include the frame receiver of any such weapon, any part designed and intended solely and exclusively, or combination of parts designed and intended, for use in converting a weapon into a machine gun, and any combination of parts from which a machine gun can be assembled if such parts are in the possession or under the control of a person.

(11) SECRETARY. The Secretary of ALEA.

(12) SHORT-BARRELED RIFLE. The same meaning as in Section 13A-11-62.

(13) SHORT-BARRELED SHOTGUN. The same meaning as in Section 13A-11-62.
Ala. Code § 13A-11-151 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 11 / Section 13A-11-151
Section 13A-11-151 Short Title
Status: in_force

This article may be known and cited as the “Farm Animal, Crop, and Research Facilities Protection Act.”
Ala. Code § 13A-10-39 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-39
Section 13A-10-39 Bail Jumping in the First Degree
Status: in_force

(a) The person commits the crime of bail jumping in the first degree if, having been lawfully released from custody, with or without bail, upon condition that he will subsequently appear at a specified time and place in connection with a charge of his having committed murder or any Class A or B felony, he fails to appear at the time and place.

(b) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that the defendant’s failure to appear was unintentional or was unavoidable and due to circumstances beyond his control. The burden of injecting the defense of an unintentional failure to appear, or unavoidability and circumstances beyond his control, is on the defendant.

(c) Bail jumping in the first degree is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-10-127 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 10 / Section 13A-10-127
Section 13A-10-127 Intimidating a Juror
Status: in_force

(a) A person commits the crime of intimidating a juror if he attempts, by the use of a threat, to influence a juror’s vote, opinion, decision or other action as a juror.

(b) “Threat,” as used in this section, means any threat proscribed by Section 13A-6-25 on criminal coercion.

(c) Intimidating a juror is a Class C felony.
Ala. Code § 13A-1-11 — Alabama Code / Title 13A / Chapter 1 / Section 13A-1-11
Section 13A-1-11 Effective Date
Status: in_force

This title shall take effect at 12:01 A.M. o’clock on January 1, 1980.