Ala. Code § 44-1-31 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-31
Section 44-1-31 Guardianship of Youth in Custody of Department
Status: in_force

If, at any time while legal custody of a youth is vested in the Department of Youth Services, the department learns that he or she, for any reason, does not have a natural or adoptive parent in a position to exercise effective guardianship or a legally appointed guardian of his or her person, the department may thereupon file a petition in the appropriate court for the appointment of a guardian of the person or property of such youth. No officer or employee of the department shall accept appointment as the guardian of a youth whose legal custody is vested in the department.
Ala. Code § 44-2-10 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-10
Section 44-2-10 Text of Compact
Status: in_force

The Interstate Compact for Juveniles is enacted into law and entered into with all jurisdictions mutually adopting the compact in the form substantially as follows:

THE INTERSTATE COMPACT FOR JUVENILES

Article I. Purpose.

The compacting states to this interstate compact recognize that each state is responsible for the proper supervision or return of juveniles, delinquents, and status offenders who are on probation or parole and who have absconded, escaped, or run away from supervision and control and in so doing have endangered their own safety and the safety of others. The compacting states also recognize that each state is responsible for the safe return of juveniles who have run away from home and in doing so have left their state of residence. The compacting states also recognize that Congress, by enacting the Crime Control Act, 4 U.S.C. Section 112 (1965), has authorized and encouraged compacts for cooperative efforts and mutual assistance in the prevention of crime.

It is the purpose of this compact, through means of joint and cooperative action among the compacting states to: (A) Ensure that the adjudicated juveniles and status offenders subject to this compact are provided adequate supervision and services in the receiving state as ordered by the adjudicating judge or parole authority in the sending state; (B) ensure that the public safety interests of the citizens, including the victims of juvenile offenders, in both the sending and receiving states are adequately protected; (C) return juveniles who have run away, absconded, or escaped from supervision or control or have been accused of an offense to the state requesting their return; (D) make contracts for the cooperative institutionalization in public facilities in member states for delinquent youth needing special services; (E) provide for the effective tracking and supervision of juveniles; (F) equitably allocate the costs, benefits, and obligations of the compacting states; (G) establish procedures to manage the movement between states of juvenile offenders released to the community under the jurisdiction of courts, juvenile departments, or any other criminal or juvenile justice agency which has jurisdiction over juvenile offenders; (H) insure immediate notice to jurisdictions where defined offenders are authorized to travel or to relocate across state lines; (I) establish procedures to resolve pending charges (detainers) against juvenile offenders prior to transfer or release to the community under the terms of this compact; (J) establish a system of uniform data collection on information pertaining to juveniles subject to this compact that allows access by authorized juvenile justice and criminal justice officials, and regular reporting of compact activities to heads of state executive, judicial, and legislative branches and juvenile and criminal justice administrators; (K) monitor compliance with rules governing interstate movement of juveniles and initiate interventions to address and correct non-compliance; (L) coordinate training and education regarding the regulation of interstate movement of juveniles for officials involved in such activity; and (M) coordinate the implementation and operation of the compact with the Interstate Compact for the Placement of Children, the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision and other compacts affecting juveniles particularly in those cases where concurrent or overlapping supervision issues arise. It is the policy of the compacting states that the activities conducted by the Interstate Commission created herein are the formation of public policies and therefore are public business. Furthermore, the compacting states shall cooperate and observe their individual and collective duties and responsibilities for the prompt return and acceptance of juveniles subject to the provisions of this compact. The provisions of this compact shall be reasonably and liberally construed to accomplish the purposes and policies of the compact.

Article II. Definitions.

As used in this compact, unless the context clearly requires a different construction:

A. “By-laws” means: Those by-laws established by the Interstate Commission for its governance, or for directing or controlling its actions or conduct.

B. “Compact administrator” means: The individual in each compacting state appointed pursuant to the terms of this compact, responsible for the administration and management of the state’s supervision and transfer of juveniles subject to the terms of this compact, the rules adopted by the Interstate Commission and policies adopted by the state council under this compact.

C. “Compacting state” means: Any state which has enacted the enabling legislation for this compact.

D. “Commissioner” means: The voting representative of each compacting state appointed pursuant to Article III of this compact.

E. “Court” means: Any court having jurisdiction over delinquent, neglected, or dependent children.

F. “Deputy compact administrator” means: The individual, if any, in each compacting state appointed to act on behalf of a compact administrator pursuant to the terms of this compact responsible for the administration and management of the state’s supervision and transfer of juveniles subject to the terms of this compact, the rules adopted by the Interstate Commission, and policies adopted by the state council under this compact.

G. “Interstate Commission” means: The Interstate Commission for Juveniles created by Article III of this compact.

H. “Juvenile” means: Any person defined as a juvenile in any member state or by the rules of the Interstate Commission, including:

(1) Accused delinquent – a person charged with an offense that, if committed by an adult, would be a criminal offense;

(2) Adjudicated delinquent – a person found to have committed an offense that, if committed by an adult, would be a criminal offense;

(3) Accused status offender – a person charged with an offense that would not be a criminal offense if committed by an adult;

(4) Adjudicated status offender - a person found to have committed an offense that would not be a criminal offense if committed by an adult; and

(5) Non-offender – a person in need of supervision who has not been accused or adjudicated a status offender or delinquent.

I. “Non-compacting state” means: Any state which has not enacted the enabling legislation for this compact.

J. “Probation or parole” means: Any kind of supervision or conditional release of juveniles authorized under the laws of the compacting states.

K. “Rule” means: A written statement by the Interstate Commission promulgated pursuant to Article VI of this compact that is of general applicability, implements, interprets, or prescribes a policy or provision of the compact, or an organizational, procedural, or practice requirement of the commission, and has the force and effect of statutory law in a compacting state, and includes the amendment, repeal, or suspension of an existing rule.

L. “State” means: A state of the United States, the District of Columbia (or its designee), the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Marianas Islands.

Article III. Interstate Commission for Juveniles.

A. The compacting states hereby create the “Interstate Commission for Juveniles.” The commission shall be a body corporate and joint agency of the compacting states. The commission shall have all the responsibilities, powers, and duties set forth herein, and such additional powers as may be conferred upon it by subsequent action of the respective legislatures of the compacting states in accordance with the terms of this compact.

B. The Interstate Commission shall consist of commissioners appointed by the appropriate appointing authority in each state pursuant to the rules and requirements of each compacting state and in consultation with the State Council for Interstate Juvenile Supervision created hereunder. The commissioner shall be the compact administrator, deputy compact administrator, or designee from that state who shall serve on the Interstate Commission in such capacity under or pursuant to the applicable law of the compacting state.

C. In addition to the commissioners who are the voting representatives of each state, the Interstate Commission shall include individuals who are not commissioners, but who are members of interested organizations. Such non-commissioner members must include a member of the national organizations of governors, legislators, state chief justices, attorneys general, Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision, Interstate Compact for the Placement of Children, juvenile justice and juvenile corrections officials, and crime victims. All non-commissioner members of the Interstate Commission shall be ex-officio (non-voting) members. The Interstate Commission may provide in its by-laws for such additional ex-officio (non-voting) members, including members of other national organizations, in such numbers as shall be determined by the commission.

D. Each compacting state represented at any meeting of the commission is entitled to one vote. A majority of the compacting states shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, unless a larger quorum is required by the by-laws of the Interstate Commission.

E. The commission shall meet at least once each calendar year. The chairperson may call additional meetings and, upon the request of a simple majority of the compacting states, shall call additional meetings. Public notice shall be given of all meetings and meetings shall be open to the public.

F. The Interstate Commission shall establish an executive committee, which shall include commission officers, members, and others as determined by the by-laws. The executive committee shall have the power to act on behalf of the Interstate Commission during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session, with the exception of rulemaking and/or amendment to the compact. The executive committee shall oversee the day-to-day activities of the administration of the compact managed by an executive director and Interstate Commission staff; administers enforcement and compliance with the provisions of the compact, its by-laws and rules, and performs such other duties as directed by the Interstate Commission or set forth in the by-laws.

G. Each member of the Interstate Commission shall have the right and power to cast a vote to which that compacting state is entitled and to participate in the business and affairs of the Interstate Commission. A member shall vote in person and shall not delegate a vote to another compacting state. However, a commissioner, in consultation with the state council, shall appoint another authorized representative, in the absence of the commissioner from that state, to cast a vote on behalf of the compacting state at a specified meeting. The by-laws may provide for members’ participation in meetings by telephone or other means of telecommunication or electronic communication.

H. The Interstate Commission’s by-laws shall establish conditions and procedures under which the Interstate Commission shall make its information and official records available to the public for inspection or copying. The Interstate Commission may exempt from disclosure any information or official records to the extent they would adversely affect personal privacy rights or proprietary interests.

I. Public notice shall be given of all meetings and all meetings shall be open to the public, except as set forth in the rules or as otherwise provided in the compact. The Interstate Commission and any of its committees may close a meeting to the public where it determines by two-thirds vote that an open meeting would be likely to:

1. Relate solely to the Interstate Commission’s internal personnel practices and procedures;

2. Disclose matters specifically exempted from disclosure by statute;

3. Disclose trade secrets or commercial or financial information which is privileged or confidential;

4. Involve accusing any person of a crime, or formally censuring any person;

5. Disclose information of a personal nature where disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy;

6. Disclose investigative records compiled for law enforcement purposes;

7. Disclose information contained in or related to examination, operating, or condition reports prepared by, or on behalf of or for the use of, the Interstate Commission with respect to a regulated person or entity for the purpose of regulation or supervision of such person or entity;

8. Disclose information, the premature disclosure of which would significantly endanger the stability of a regulated person or entity; or

9. Specifically relate to the Interstate Commission’s issuance of a subpoena, or its participation in a civil action or other legal proceeding.

J. For every meeting closed pursuant to this provision, the Interstate Commission’s legal counsel shall publicly certify that, in the legal counsel’s opinion, the meeting may be closed to the public, and shall reference each relevant exemptive provision. The Interstate Commission shall keep minutes which shall fully and clearly describe all matters discussed in any meeting and shall provide a full and accurate summary of any actions taken, and the reasons therefore, including a description of each of the views expressed on any item and the record of any roll call vote (reflected in the vote of each member on the question). All documents considered in connection with any action shall be identified in such minutes.

K. The Interstate Commission shall collect standardized data concerning the interstate movement of juveniles as directed through its rules which shall specify the data to be collected, the means of collection and data exchange and reporting requirements. Such methods of data collection, exchange, and reporting shall insofar as is reasonably possible conform to up-to-date technology and coordinate its information functions with the appropriate repository of records.

Article IV. Powers and Duties of the Interstate Commission.

The commission shall have the following powers and duties:

1. To provide for dispute resolution among compacting states.

2. To promulgate rules to effect the purposes and obligations as enumerated in this compact, which shall have the force and effect of statutory law and shall be binding in the compacting states to the extent and in the manner provided in this compact.

3. To oversee, supervise, and coordinate the interstate movement of juveniles subject to the terms of this compact and any by-laws adopted and rules promulgated by the Interstate Commission.

4. To enforce compliance with the compact provisions, the rules promulgated by the Interstate Commission, and the by-laws, using all necessary and proper means, including, but not limited to, the use of judicial process.

5. To establish and maintain offices which shall be located within one or more of the compacting states.

6. To purchase and maintain insurance and bonds.

7. To borrow, accept, hire, or contract for services of personnel.

8. To establish and appoint committees and hire staff which it deems necessary for the carrying out of its functions including, but not limited to, an executive committee as required by Article III which shall have the power to act on behalf of the Interstate Commission in carrying out its powers and duties hereunder.

9. To elect or appoint such officers, attorneys, employees, agents, or consultants, and to fix their compensation, define their duties, and determine their qualifications; and to establish the Interstate Commission’s personnel policies and programs relating to, inter alia, conflicts of interest, rates of compensation, and qualifications of personnel.

10. To accept any and all donations and grants of money, equipment, supplies, materials, and services, and to receive, utilize, and dispose of it.

11. To lease, purchase, accept contributions or donations of, or otherwise to own, hold, improve or use any property, real, personal, or mixed.

12. To sell, convey, mortgage, pledge, lease, exchange, abandon, or otherwise dispose of any property, real, personal or mixed.

13. To establish a budget and make expenditures and levy dues as provided in Article VIII of this compact.

14. To sue and be sued.

15. To adopt a seal and by-laws governing the management and operation of the Interstate Commission.

16. To perform such functions as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this compact.

17. To report annually to the legislatures, governors, judiciary, and state councils of the compacting states concerning the activities of the Interstate Commission during the preceding year. Such reports shall also include any recommendations that may have been adopted by the Interstate Commission.

18. To coordinate education, training and public awareness regarding the interstate movement of juveniles for officials involved in such activity.

19. To establish uniform standards of the reporting, collecting, and exchanging of data.

20. The Interstate Commission shall maintain its corporate books and records in accordance with the by-laws.

Article V. Organization and Operation of the Interstate Commission.

Section A. By-laws

The Interstate Commission shall, by a majority of the members present and voting, within twelve months after the first Interstate Commission meeting, adopt by-laws to govern its conduct as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the compact, including, but not limited to:

a. Establishing the fiscal year of the Interstate Commission;

b. Establishing an executive committee and such other committees as may be necessary;

c. Provide for the establishment of committees governing any general or specific delegation of any authority or function of the Interstate Commission;

d. Providing reasonable procedures for calling and conducting meetings of the Interstate Commission, and ensuring reasonable notice of each such meeting;

e. Establishing the titles and responsibilities of the officers of the Interstate Commission;

f. Providing a mechanism for concluding the operations of the Interstate Commission and the return of any surplus funds that may exist upon the termination of the compact after the payment and/or reserving of all of its debts and obligations.

g. Providing “start-up” rules for initial administration of the compact; and

h. Establishing standards and procedures for compliance and technical assistance in carrying out the compact.

Section B. Officers and staff

1. The Interstate Commission shall, by a majority of the members, elect annually from among its members a chairperson and a vice chairperson, each of whom shall have such authority and duties as may be specified in the by-laws. The chairperson or, in the chairperson’s absence or disability, the vice-chairperson shall preside at all meetings of the Interstate Commission. The officers so elected shall serve without compensation or remuneration from the Interstate Commission; provided that, subject to the availability of budgeted funds, the officers shall be reimbursed for any ordinary and necessary costs and expenses incurred by them in the performance of their duties and responsibilities as officers of the Interstate Commission.

2. The Interstate Commission shall, through its executive committee, appoint or retain an executive director for such period, upon such terms and conditions and for such compensation as the Interstate Commission may deem appropriate. The executive director shall serve as secretary to the Interstate Commission, but shall not be a member and shall hire and supervise such other staff as may be authorized by the Interstate Commission.

Section C. Qualified immunity, defense and indemnification

1. The Commission’s executive director and employees shall be immune from suit and liability, either personally or in their official capacity, for any claim for damage to or loss of property or personal injury or other civil liability caused or arising out of or relating to any actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred, or that such person had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of commission employment, duties, or responsibilities; provided, that any such person shall not be protected from suit or liability for any damage, loss, injury, or liability caused by the intentional or willful and wanton misconduct of any such person or caused by acts or omissions outside of the scope of commission employment.

2. The liability of any commissioner, or the employee or agent of a commissioner, acting within the scope of such person’s employment or duties for acts, errors, or omissions occurring within such person’s state may not exceed the limits of liability set forth under the constitution and laws of that state for state officials, employees, and agents. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to protect any such person from suit or liability for any damage, loss, injury, or liability caused by the intentional or willful and wanton misconduct of any such person or caused by any acts or omissions outside of the scope of their employment.

3. The Interstate Commission shall defend the executive director or the employees or representatives of the Interstate Commission and, subject to the approval of the Attorney General of the state represented by any commissioner of a compacting state, shall defend such commissioner or the commissioner’s representatives or employees in any civil action seeking to impose liability arising out of any actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of Interstate Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, or that the defendant had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of Interstate Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from intentional or willful and wanton misconduct on the part of such person.

4. The Interstate Commission shall indemnify and hold the commissioner of a compacting state, or the commissioner’s representatives or employees, or the Interstate Commission’s representatives or employees, harmless in the amount of any settlement or judgment obtained against such persons arising out of any actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of Interstate Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, or that such persons had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of Interstate Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from intentional or willful and wanton misconduct on the part of such persons.

Article VI. Rulemaking Functions of the Interstate Commission.

A. The Interstate Commission shall promulgate and publish rules in order to effectively and efficiently achieve the purposes of the compact.

B. Rulemaking shall occur pursuant to the criteria set forth in this article and the by-laws and rules adopted pursuant thereto. Such rulemaking shall substantially conform to the principles of the “Model State Administrative Procedure Act,” 1981 Act, Uniform Laws Annotated, Vol. 15, p. 1 (2000), or such other administrative procedures act, as the Interstate Commission deems appropriate consistent with due process requirements under the U.S. Constitution as now or hereafter interpreted by the U. S. Supreme Court. All rules and amendments shall become binding as of the date specified, as published with the final version of the rule as approved by the commission.

C. When promulgating a rule, the Interstate Commission shall, at a minimum:

1. Publish the proposed rule’s entire text stating the reason(s) for that proposed rule;

2. Allow and invite any and all persons to submit written data, facts, opinions, and arguments, which information shall be added to the record, and be made publicly available;

3. Provide an opportunity for an informal hearing if petitioned by 10 or more persons; and

4. Promulgate a final rule and its effective date, if appropriate, based on input from state or local officials, or interested parties.

D. Allow, not later than sixty days after a rule is promulgated, any interested person to file a petition in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or in the Federal District Court where the Interstate Commission’s principal office is located for judicial review of such rule. If the court finds that the Interstate Commission’s action is not supported by substantial evidence in the rulemaking record, the court shall hold the rule unlawful and set it aside. For purposes of this subsection, evidence is substantial if it would be considered substantial evidence under the Model State Administrative Procedure Act.

E. If a majority of the legislatures of the compacting states rejects a rule, those states may, by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to adopt the compact, cause that such rule shall have no further force and effect in any compacting state.

F. The existing rules governing the operation of the Interstate Compact on Juveniles superceded by this article shall be null and void 12 months after the first meeting of the Interstate Commission created hereunder.

G. Upon determination by the Interstate Commission that a state-of-emergency exists, it may promulgate an emergency rule which shall become effective immediately upon adoption, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided hereunder shall be retroactively applied to said rule as soon as reasonably possible, but no later than 90 days after the effective date of the emergency rule.

Article VII. Oversight, Enforcement, and Dispute Resolution by the Interstate Commission.

Section A. Oversight

1. The Interstate Commission shall oversee the administration and operations of the interstate movement of juveniles subject to this compact in the compacting states and shall monitor such activities being administered in non-compacting states which may significantly affect compacting states.

2. The courts and executive agencies in each compacting state shall enforce this compact and shall take all actions necessary and appropriate to effectuate the compact’s purposes and intent. The provisions of this compact and the rules promulgated hereunder shall be received by all the judges, public officers, commissions, and departments of the state government as evidence of the authorized statute and administrative rules. All courts shall take judicial notice of the compact and the rules. In any judicial or administrative proceeding in a compacting state pertaining to the subject matter of this compact which may affect the powers, responsibilities, or actions of the Interstate Commission, it shall be entitled to receive all service of process in any such proceeding, and shall have standing to intervene in the proceeding for all purposes.

Section B. Dispute resolution

1. The compacting states shall report to the Interstate Commission on all issues and activities necessary for the administration of the compact as well as issues and activities pertaining to compliance with the provisions of the compact and its bylaws and rules.

2. The Interstate Commission shall attempt, upon the request of a compacting state, to resolve any disputes or other issues which are subject to the compact and which may arise among compacting states and between compacting and non-compacting states. The commission shall promulgate a rule providing for both mediation and binding dispute resolution for disputes among the compacting states.

3. The Interstate Commission, in the reasonable exercise of its discretion, shall enforce the provisions and rules of this compact using any or all means set forth in Article XI of this compact.

Article VIII. Finance.

A. The Interstate Commission shall pay or provide for the payment of the reasonable expenses of its establishment, organization, and ongoing activities.

B. The Interstate Commission shall levy on and collect an annual assessment from each compacting state to cover the cost of the internal operations and activities of the Interstate Commission and its staff which must be in a total amount sufficient to cover the Interstate Commission’s annual budget as approved each year. The aggregate annual assessment amount shall be allocated based upon a formula to be determined by the Interstate Commission, taking into consideration the population of each compacting state and the volume of interstate movement of juveniles in each compacting state and shall promulgate a rule binding upon all compacting states which governs said assessment.

C. The Interstate Commission shall not incur any obligations of any kind prior to securing the funds adequate to meet the same; nor shall the Interstate Commission pledge the credit of any of the compacting states, except by and with the authority of the compacting state.

D. The Interstate Commission shall keep accurate accounts of all receipts and disbursements. The receipts and disbursements of the Interstate Commission shall be subject to the audit and accounting procedures established under its by-laws. However, all receipts and disbursements of funds handled by the Interstate Commission shall be audited yearly by a certified or licensed public accountant and the report of the audit shall be included in and become part of the annual report of the Interstate Commission.

Article IX. The State Council.

Each member state shall create a State Council for Interstate Juvenile Supervision. While each state may determine the membership of its own state council, its membership must include at least one representative from the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of government, victims groups, and the compact administrator, deputy compact administrator, or designee. Each compacting state retains the right to determine the qualifications of the compact administrator or deputy compact administrator. Each state council will advise and may exercise oversight and advocacy concerning that state’s participation in Interstate Commission activities and other duties as may be determined by that state, including, but not limited to, development of policy concerning operations and procedures of the compact within that state.

Article X. Compacting States, Effective Date and Amendment.

A. Any state, the District of Columbia (or its designee), the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Marianas Islands as defined in Article II of this compact is eligible to become a compacting state.

B. The compact shall become effective and binding upon legislative enactment of the compact into law by no less than 35 of the states. The initial effective date shall be the later of July 1, 2004 or upon enactment into law by the 35th jurisdiction. Thereafter it shall become effective and binding as to any other compacting state upon enactment of the compact into law by that state. The governors of non-member states or their designees shall be invited to participate in the activities of the Interstate Commission on a non-voting basis prior to adoption of the compact by all states and territories of the United States.

C. The Interstate Commission may propose amendments to the compact for enactment by the compacting states. No amendment shall become effective and binding upon the Interstate Commission and the compacting states unless and until it is enacted into law by unanimous consent of the compacting states.

Article XI. Withdrawal, Default, Termination, and Judicial Enforcement.

Section A. Withdrawal

1. Once effective, the compact shall continue in force and remain binding upon each and every compacting state; provided that a compacting state may withdraw from the compact by specifically repealing the statute which enacted the compact into law.

2. The effective date of withdrawal is the effective date of the repeal.

3. The withdrawing state shall immediately notify the chairperson of the Interstate Commission in writing upon the introduction of legislation repealing this compact in the withdrawing state. The Interstate Commission shall notify the other compacting states of the withdrawing state’s intent to withdraw within sixty days of its receipt thereof.

4. The withdrawing state is responsible for all assessments, obligations, and liabilities incurred through the effective date of withdrawal, including any obligations, the performance of which extend beyond the effective date of withdrawal.

5. Reinstatement following withdrawal of any compacting state shall occur upon the withdrawing state reenacting the compact or upon such later date as determined by the Interstate Commission.

Section B. Technical Assistance, Fines, Suspension, Termination, and Default

1. If the Interstate Commission determines that any compacting state has at any time defaulted in the performance of any of its obligations or responsibilities under this compact, or the by-laws or duly promulgated rules, the Interstate Commission may impose any or all of the following penalties:

a. Remedial training and technical assistance as directed by the Interstate Commission;

b. Alternative dispute resolution;

c. Fines, fees, and costs in such amounts as are deemed to be reasonable as fixed by the Interstate Commission; and

d. Suspension or termination of membership in the compact, which shall be imposed only after all other reasonable means of securing compliance under the by-laws and rules have been exhausted and the Interstate Commission has therefore determined that the offending state is in default. Immediate notice of suspension shall be given by the Interstate Commission to the Governor, the chief justice or the chief judicial officer of the state, the majority and minority leaders of the defaulting state’s legislature, and the state council. The grounds for default include, but are not limited to, failure of a compacting state to perform such obligations or responsibilities imposed upon it by this compact, the by-laws, or duly promulgated rules and any other grounds designated in commission by-laws and rules. The Interstate Commission shall immediately notify the defaulting state in writing of the penalty imposed by the Interstate Commission and of the default pending a cure of the default. The commission shall stipulate the conditions and the time period within which the defaulting state must cure its default. If the defaulting state fails to cure the default within the time period specified by the commission, the defaulting state shall be terminated from the compact upon an affirmative vote of a majority of the compacting states and all rights, privileges, and benefits conferred by this compact shall be terminated from the effective date of termination.

2. Within sixty days of the effective date of termination of a defaulting state, the commission shall notify the Governor, the chief justice or chief judicial officer, the majority and minority leaders of the defaulting state’s legislature, and the state council of such termination.

3. The defaulting state is responsible for all assessments, obligations, and liabilities incurred through the effective date of termination including any obligations, the performance of which extends beyond the effective date of termination.

4. The Interstate Commission shall not bear any costs relating to the defaulting state unless otherwise mutually agreed upon in writing between the Interstate Commission and the defaulting state.

5. Reinstatement following termination of any compacting state requires both a reenactment of the compact by the defaulting state and the approval of the Interstate Commission pursuant to the rules.

Section C. Judicial Enforcement

The Interstate Commission may, by majority vote of the members, initiate legal action in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or, at the discretion of the Interstate Commission, in the federal district where the Interstate Commission has its offices, to enforce compliance with the provisions of the compact, its duly promulgated rules and by-laws, against any compacting state in default. In the event judicial enforcement is necessary the prevailing party shall be awarded all costs of such litigation including reasonable attorneys fees.

Section D. Dissolution of compact

1. The compact dissolves effective upon the date of the withdrawal or default of the compacting state, which reduces membership in the compact to one compacting state.

2. Upon the dissolution of this compact, the compact becomes null and void and shall be of no further force or effect, and the business and affairs of the Interstate Commission shall be concluded and any surplus funds shall be distributed in accordance with the by-laws.

Article XII. Severability and Construction.

A. The provisions of this compact shall be severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision is deemed unenforceable, the remaining provisions of the compact shall be enforceable.

B. The provisions of this compact shall be liberally construed to effectuate its purposes.

Article XIII. Binding Effect of Compact and Other Laws.

Section A. Other laws

1. Nothing herein prevents the enforcement of any other law of a compacting state that is not inconsistent with this compact.

2. All compacting states’ laws other than state constitutions and other interstate compacts conflicting with this compact are superseded to the extent of the conflict.

Section B. Binding effect of the compact

1. All lawful actions of the Interstate Commission, including all rules and by-laws promulgated by the Interstate Commission, are binding upon the compacting states.

2. All agreements between the Interstate Commission and the compacting states are binding in accordance with their terms.

3. Upon the request of a party to a conflict over meaning or interpretation of Interstate Commission actions, and upon a majority vote of the compacting states, the Interstate Commission may issue advisory opinions regarding such meaning or interpretation.

4. In the event any provision of this compact exceeds the constitutional limits imposed on the legislature of any compacting state, the obligations, duties, powers or jurisdiction sought to be conferred by such provision upon the Interstate Commission shall be ineffective and such obligations, duties, powers, or jurisdiction shall remain in the compacting state and shall be exercised by the agency thereof to which such obligations, duties, powers, or jurisdiction are delegated by law in effect at the time this compact becomes effective.
Ala. Code § 44-1-23 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-23
Section 44-1-23 Legal Counsel
Status: in_force

The state Youth Services Director shall be authorized, subject to the provisions of the state Merit System law, to appoint legal counsel for the department. Such counsel shall be commissioned as assistant attorney generals; except, that they shall devote their entire time to the business of the department. Salaries for such counsel will be paid by the department.
Ala. Code § 44-3-10 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-10
Section 44-3-10 Responsibility of Boards of Directors for Control and Direction of Facilities and Programs
Status: in_force

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to mean that the facilities and programs, provided for herein, are to be under the control or direction of any person other than the board of directors, who shall require the facilities and programs of the corporation to be in compliance with the minimum standards of construction, maintenance, and operation adopted by state regulatory agencies and laws of the state of Alabama.
Ala. Code § 44-1-8 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-8
Section 44-1-8 Confinement of Youth in Adult Penal Institutions
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services shall not have the power, by virtue of the vesting in it of the legal custody of a youth or of anything contained in this chapter, to confine any youth in any adult jail or adult penal institution now or hereafter established, except under conditions set forth in Section 12-15-61.
Ala. Code § 44-1-34 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-34
Section 44-1-34 Review of Committed Youth
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services shall make a periodic review in the case of each youth whose legal custody is vested in the department who has not been finally discharged. Such review shall be in the form of a written report to the committing court and shall include study of all pertinent circumstances of his or her personal and family situation and shall be for the purpose of determining whether existing decisions, orders and dispositions in his or her case should be modified or continued in force. Such review may be made as frequently as the department deems necessary and shall be made with respect to every youth at least every nine months.
Ala. Code § 44-1-77 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-77
Section 44-1-77 Construction of Article
Status: in_force

The provisions of this article shall be construed in pari materia with the provisions of law contained in Title 44, Chapters 1 and 2, and shall supersede and repeal such provisions of law only to the extent there exists a conflict herewith.
Ala. Code § 44-1-76 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-76
Section 44-1-76 Relationship of Board of Youth Services and Superintendent to State Board of Education; Powers and Duties of Board and Superintendent; Functioning of District
Status: in_force

The Board of Youth Services and the Superintendent of Education of the Special School District shall stand in the same relationship to the State Board of Education as do local boards of education and local superintendents of education. The powers, duties, and responsibilities of the Board of Youth Services, the superintendent, and the functioning of the district shall be the same as provided for in Sections 16-8-10 and 16-11-18.
Ala. Code § 44-1-37 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-37
Section 44-1-37 Clothing, Money and Transportation to Be Furnished Upon Release
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services shall insure that each youth it releases from the state training schools has clothing, transportation to his or her home or to the place at which a suitable home or employment has been found for him or her and such an amount of money as the rules of the department shall authorize.
Ala. Code § 44-1-1 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-1
Section 44-1-1 Purpose of Chapter
Status: in_force

The purpose of this chapter is to promote and safeguard the social well-being and general welfare of the youth of the state through a comprehensive and coordinated program of public services for the prevention of juvenile delinquency and the rehabilitation of delinquent youth. This state program shall provide the following:

(1) Social and educational services and facilities for any youth whom a juvenile judge deems in need of such state services;

(2) The establishment of standards for social and educational services and facilities for such youth;

(3) Cooperation with public and voluntary agencies, organizations and citizen groups in the development and coordination of programs and activities directed toward the prevention, control and treatment of delinquency;

(4) The promotion and improvement of community conditions, programs and resources to aid parents in discharging their responsibilities for the care, development and well-being of their children; and

(5) The promotion of improved communications between the public and voluntary agencies and bodies of this state responsible for said youth and the juvenile courts of this state.
Ala. Code § 44-1-27 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-27
Section 44-1-27 Standards for Programs and Youth Detention Facilities; Licensing and Inspection of Youth Detention and Foster Care Facilities
Status: in_force

(a) The Department of Youth Services shall establish and promulgate reasonable minimum standards for the construction and operation of detention facilities, programs for the prevention and correction of youth delinquency, consultation from local officials, and subsidies to local delinquency projects. The standards shall include, but not be limited to, reasonable minimum standards for detention facilities, foster care facilities, group homes, and correctional institutions.

(b) No county, city, public or private agency, group, corporation, partnership, or individual shall establish, maintain, or operate any detention facility or any foster care facility for youths found delinquent or in need of supervision by a juvenile court without a license from the department. A license shall be required on an annual basis or as determined by the department. The department shall revoke the license of any city, county, or public or private agency, group, corporation, or individual conducting, operating or acting as a detention facility or foster care facility caring for children and youths alleged or adjudged to be delinquent or in need of supervision that fails to meet the standards prescribed by the department. The department may visit and inspect any public or voluntary detention facility, foster care facility, or group home as it deems necessary.
Ala. Code § 44-1-51 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-51
Section 44-1-51 Composition; Compensation; Records. (Amended by Act 2026-327)
Status: in_force

AMENDED BY ACT 2026-327, EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2026. SEE ACT FOR REVISED LANGUAGE.

(a) The Governor shall be the ex officio Chair of the Youth Services Board.

(b) The board shall be composed of 18 voting members, five of whom shall be the Commissioner of the State Department of Human Resources, the State Superintendent of Education, the Commissioner of Mental Health, the State Health Officer, and the Director of the Alabama Law Enforcement Planning Agency, each of whom may delegate his or her vote to an agent or employee by written notification 10 days prior to a meeting of the board.

(c) The chair, vice chair, and secretary of the board shall be elected by the members thereof. The chair shall vote only in the case of a tie.

(d) The Speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives shall appoint two members to be selected from the membership of the House and the Presiding Officer of the Alabama Senate shall appoint two members to be selected from the membership of the Senate. The President of the Alabama Council of Juvenile Court Judges shall appoint one member to be selected from the membership of the council. The Chair of the Alabama Chief Probation Officers Association shall appoint one member to be selected from the membership of the association. Commencing April 21, 2006, the Governor, as vacancies occur, shall appoint the remaining seven members of the board, as representatives of the public, one from each of the congressional districts of the state as such districts exist on January 1, 2006. The membership of the board shall be inclusive and reflect the racial, gender, geographic, urban/rural, and economic diversity of the state.

(e) The term of each member representative of the public appointed by the Governor shall be determined by lot at the first meeting of the board following September 3, 1973. Two of the public members shall serve five-year terms, two shall serve two-year terms, and one each shall serve three, four, and six-year terms, respectively. Thereafter, the terms of office of the public members shall be six years. The terms of office of the appointed legislative members shall be for the duration of their respective elected terms of office to the Senate or House of Representatives. The term of office of the member representative of the Alabama Council of Juvenile Court Judges and the member representative of the Chief Probation Officers Association shall be six years.

(f) If any appointed legislative member should die, cease to be a member of the Legislature, or resign from the board, such vacancy shall be filled by the Speaker of the House or Presiding Officer of the Senate, with such member to be selected from the respective legislative body, as applicable. If the appointed juvenile court judge should die, cease to be a juvenile court judge, or resign from the board, the President of the Alabama Council of Juvenile Court Judges shall appoint a successor for the unexpired term of that member. If the appointed chief probation officer should die, cease to be a probation officer, or resign from the board, the Chair of the Alabama Chief Probation Officers Association shall appoint a successor for the unexpired term of that member. If a vacancy occurs in the appointed membership made by the Governor, upon certification thereof by the board, the Governor shall appoint a person to fill the vacancy for the unexpired term of the member. If any person holding any state office named in this section should cease to hold such office by reason of death, resignation, expiration of term of office, or for any other reason, then his or her successor in office shall take his or her place as a member of the board.

(g) No member of the board shall draw any salary in addition to that now authorized by law for any service he or she may render or for any deed he or she may perform in connection with the board. If not otherwise reimbursed by public funds for services provided to this board, the member representative of the Alabama Council of Juvenile Court Judges, the member representative of the Alabama Chief Probation Officers Association, and each member representative of the public shall receive the same mileage and per diem allowance as paid to state employees while attending meetings of the board or while engaged in other official duties at the request of the board. The legislative members shall receive their regular legislative compensation and mileage when actively engaged in board business.

(h) All proceedings of the board shall be reduced to writing by the secretary of the board, shall be signed by at least six members of the board, and shall be recorded in a substantially bound book and filed in the office of the secretary, who shall be the custodian of the records of the board. Copies of the proceedings, when certified by the secretary of the board, shall be received in all courts as prima facie evidence of the matters and things therein set forth.
Ala. Code § 44-1-53 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-53
Section 44-1-53 Meetings; Quorum
Status: in_force

The Youth Services Board may hold such meetings as are convenient and necessary, which shall be at least annually, to carry out its duties and responsibilities at such place or places within the state as it may direct. A quorum consisting of any nine members of the board shall be competent to act at all regular or special meetings. Special meetings may be called by the chairman of the board or by any three members of the board upon one week’s written notice to every member of the board, which notice shall state the purpose of the meeting.
Ala. Code § 44-1-72 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-72
Section 44-1-72 Superintendent of Education for Youth Services Department District - Responsibility; Annual Budget
Status: in_force

The superintendent of the district shall have the general responsibility for administering and supervising the educational programs of the Youth Services Department as approved by the department director. The superintendent shall have the specific duty of submitting the department’s annual educational budget recommendations to the director, which shall be based on any funds made available to the department for such educational purposes. The final annual budget shall be approved by the board upon submission by the director.
Ala. Code § 44-1-2 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-2
Section 44-1-2 Definitions
Status: in_force

The following terms, wherever used in this chapter, shall have the following meanings:

(1) AFTERCARE. A youth is released by the department from a state training school operated by the department, wherein the department releases legal custody, supervision, and the right to return until further order of the juvenile court. The term means a legal status created by order of the committing court at the time of release from a state training school whereby a youth is permitted to return to the community subject to supervision by the court or any agency designated by the court and subject to return to the court at any time during the aftercare period.

(2) BOARD. The Alabama Youth Services Board.

(3) BOARD MEMBER. Any member of the Alabama Youth Services Board.

(4) COMMITTED YOUTH. Any youth committed to the legal custody of the department upon a finding of delinquency and a finding by a juvenile judge that the youth is in need of care or treatment, or both, in a state training school. The terms shall not include any youth committed upon a finding of in need of supervision or dependency.

(5) DEPARTMENT. The Department of Youth Services established in this chapter.

(6) DETENTION or DETENTION CARE. Temporary care in a detention facility.

(7) DETENTION FACILITY. A facility licensed by the department, other than a jail, affording secure custody for children and youths.

(8) DIRECTOR. The Alabama Youth Services Director.

(9) DISCHARGE. A complete release of a committed youth by the department without further supervision.

(10) FOSTER CARE FACILITY or GROUP HOME. Any place providing care for one or more youths alleged or adjudicated delinquent, exclusive of the state training schools.

(11) GUARDIAN. Any parent who has legal custody of the person or property of a youth or a person or agency who has custody of the person or property of the youth pursuant to a court order.

(12) JUVENILE COURT. Any court having jurisdiction over juveniles pursuant to Amendment No. 328 of the Constitution of Alabama of 1901, now appearing as Article VI of the Constitution of Alabama of 2022 and Title 12.

(13) JUVENILE CODE. Chapter 15 of Title 12.

(14) LEGAL CUSTODY. A legal status created by a court order embodying all of the following rights and responsibilities:

a. The right to have physical possession of the youth.

b. The right and the duty to protect, train, and discipline him or her.

c. The responsibility to provide him or her with food, clothing, shelter, education, and medical, dental, and hospital care.

d. The right to determine where and with whom the youth shall reside.

(15) MAINTENANCE. All general expenses for care including food, clothing, shelter, education, and medical, dental, and hospital care, transportation, and other necessary or incidental expenses or money payments therefor.

(16) PROBATION. A legal status created by a court order following adjudication in a delinquency or in need of supervision case whereby a youth is permitted to remain in the community, subject to supervision by the court or any agency designated by the court and subject to return to the court at any time during the probation period.

(17) STATE. The State of Alabama.

(18) TRAINING SCHOOL. An institution operated by the department for the rehabilitation of delinquent youth.

(19) YOUTH. Prior to January 1, 1978, the term means an individual under the age of 17 or under 19 years of age who committed the act of delinquency with which he or she is charged before reaching the age of 17 years. After December 31, 1977, the term means an individual under the age of 18 or under 19 years of age who committed the act of delinquency with which he or she is charged before reaching the age of 18 years, and for the purpose of continuing to provide services only, jurisdiction obtained by the court in the case of a youth shall be retained by the court until the youth becomes 21 years of age unless terminated prior thereto by order of the judge of the juvenile court.

(20) YOUTH SERVICES. The duties and functions which are authorized or required by this chapter to be provided by the department with respect to the establishment and enforcement of standards of treatment for youths.
Ala. Code § 44-1-3 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-3
Section 44-1-3 Alabama Boys Industrial School, Alabama Training School for Girls and Alabama Industrial School - Control; Priority as to Use of Funds of Department; Legal Custody of Inhabitants
Status: in_force

The Alabama Boys Industrial School, the Alabama Training School for Girls and the Alabama Industrial School shall be under the control of the youth services board. All duties, responsibilities, authority, power, assets, appropriations, liabilities, contractual rights and obligations and property rights, whether accruing or vesting in the aforementioned institutions before or after September 5, 1973, shall be vested in the youth services board. It is the intention of the legislature that out of moneys available to the board the first priority shall be given to insuring that the services provided by the financial resources available to the Alabama Boys Industrial School, the Alabama Training School for Girls and the Alabama Industrial School shall be maintained at least at the level existing on January 22, 1975. All youths in the custody of or committed to the Alabama Boys Industrial School, the Alabama Training School for Girls and the Alabama Industrial School shall be in the legal custody of the department of youth services.
Ala. Code § 44-2-23 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-23
Section 44-2-23 Commissioner of Department of Pensions and Security to Be Appropriate Authority in the Receiving State
Status: in_force

As used in paragraph (a) of Article V of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children the phrase “appropriate authority in the receiving state” with reference to this state shall mean the Commissioner of the Department of Pensions and Security.
Ala. Code § 44-1-29 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-29
Section 44-1-29 Competitive Bids; Conflicts of Interest
Status: in_force

Any purchase and any construction or supply contract of the Department of Youth Services in an amount in excess of $500.00 shall be made or let by competitive bids through the state purchasing agent or otherwise, as the board may direct. No purchases, except for rights-of-way, shall be made from, nor shall any sales be made to, any member of the legislature, any member of the Youth Services Board, any employee of the department or any other person holding an office of the state.
Ala. Code § 44-1-28 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-28
Section 44-1-28 Subsidies for Youth Detention Facilities
Status: in_force

The functions and facilities related to youth detention facilities, licensed by the Department of Youth Services of each county or counties, acting together may, upon the express written agreement of each such county or such counties acting together and the department, receive funds from the department according to formulae for disbursement established by the department and in accordance with the terms of written agreements between each such county or such counties acting together and the department, relative to detention care. Any county or counties acting together shall retain control of such detention functions and detention facilities and shall continue to have financial responsibility for their operation, unless otherwise provided for by the department. All detention programs and facilities shall maintain standards prescribed by the department. All funds expended by the department will be contingent upon the recipients of said funds meeting the standards established by the department.
Ala. Code § 44-1-71 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-71
Section 44-1-71 Superintendent of Education for Youth Services Department District - Appointment and Qualifications
Status: in_force

There is hereby established the position of superintendent of education for the district which shall be filled by the appointment of the governing board of the Department of Youth Services upon the recommendation of the director of said department, and the superintendent shall serve at the pleasure of, and be directly responsible to, the director. The superintendent shall possess such qualifications as may be specified by the Youth Services Board and as provided by Section 16-9-2.
Ala. Code § 44-1-9 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-9
Section 44-1-9 Detention Without Order or Warrant of Escaped Youths
Status: in_force

A committed youth who has been placed by the Department of Youth Services in any state training school and who has escaped or run away therefrom may be taken into custody without warrant or order of the state youth services director by a peace officer or employee designated by the department. Any youth taken into custody pursuant to this section shall be detained in a suitable place designated by the department until determination concerning his or her further care and treatment is made.
Ala. Code § 44-1-52 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-52
Section 44-1-52 Powers
Status: in_force

The Youth Services Board shall have the following powers:

(1) To appoint the State Youth Services Director and to fix his or her salary.

(2) To institute and defend legal proceedings in any court of competent jurisdiction and proper venue.

(3) To contract with any private person, organization or entity, or any combination thereof capable of contracting, if it finds such act to be in the public interest.

(4) To establish and promulgate reasonable rules, policies, orders, and regulations for the carrying out of its duties and responsibilities.

(5) To purchase or lease land or to acquire property by eminent domain and to purchase, lease, let, sell, exchange, or otherwise transfer property, land, or buildings in order to carry out its duties and responsibilities under the provisions of this chapter.
Ala. Code § 44-1-54 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-54
Section 44-1-54 Court Review of Board Orders or Decisions
Status: in_force

Any person aggrieved by any final order or decision of the Youth Services Board may have a review of such order or decision in the Circuit Court of Montgomery County, provided a complaint is filed within 15 days of the date of such order or decision, charging that such order or decision was arbitrary, illegal, or capricious. The review granted by this section shall be cumulative with that provided elsewhere in the laws of Alabama.
Ala. Code § 44-1-10 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-10
Section 44-1-10 Penalties; Enforcement of Chapter
Status: in_force

(a) Violations of the provisions of this chapter shall be penalized or punished as follows:

(1) Any person, partnership, corporation, or association that violates the provisions of this chapter or any regulations promulgated under the authority delegated to the Youth Services Board or to the state Youth Services Director, after notice of such violation served upon such person, partnership, corporation or association by United States registered or certified mail to the last known address thereof, shall be liable to pay to the Department of Youth Services a penalty of $50.00 per day for each day such violation continues after receipt of such notice.

(2) Any person, group of persons, association, or corporation who

a. Conducts, operates, or acts as a foster care facility or detention facility without a license or an approval to do so in violation of the provisions of this chapter;

b. Makes materially false statements in order to obtain a license or permit;

c. Fails to keep the records and make the reports provided under this chapter;

d. Advertises any service not authorized by license or permit held;

e. Publishes any advertisement in violation of this chapter; or

f. Violates any other provision of this chapter or any reasonable rule or regulation adopted and published by the department for the enforcement of the provisions of this chapter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not less than $100.00 nor more than $1,000.00 or be imprisoned in the county jail not longer than one year, or both; and, in case of an association or corporation, imprisonment may be imposed upon its officers who knowingly participated in the violation.

(3) Any person who shall allow, assist, aid or abet in the escape of any juvenile confined by court action or pursuant to the authority of the board or department shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $100.00 or by imprisonment in the county jail in the county in which such act shall occur at hard labor for the said county for not more than 90 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment as the court may decide.

(4) Any member of the legislature, any member of the board, any employee of the department, or any holder of any office of the state who takes any contract for work or services for the board, the department, or any of their agencies, or is employed in any way under such contract or sells any goods or supplies to the board, the department or any of their agencies, or is in any way pecuniarily interested in any such contract or sale as principal or agent must, on conviction, be fined not less than $50.00 nor more than $1,000.00 and also shall forfeit his or her office or employment.

(b) It shall be the duty of every district attorney or assistant district attorney to institute action for the enforcement of the provisions of this chapter or prosecute action for the violation of the provisions of this chapter, or both.
Ala. Code § 44-1-73 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-73
Section 44-1-73 Funding
Status: in_force

The Youth Services Board and the State Board of Education shall cooperatively establish a funding formula which reflects the educational needs of the students assigned to its custody. The funds for the educational programs shall be appropriated by the Legislature from the special educational trust fund and shall be used only for educational purposes, except when the board determines an emergency situation exists; and upon such a determination the board, as recommended by the director, may transfer funds between items of educational and noneducational sources of funding.
Ala. Code § 44-3-7 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-7
Section 44-3-7 Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Corporations
Status: in_force

The articles of incorporation of such corporation may be amended as specified in the articles of incorporation.
Ala. Code § 44-3-2 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-2
Section 44-3-2 Authorization for Creation by Counties and Municipalities of Regional, Nonprofit Public Corporations for Provision of Temporary Care and Custody of Youths Under Juvenile Court Jurisdiction
Status: in_force

All counties and incorporated municipalities in this state are hereby authorized and empowered to form regional, nonprofit, public corporations which shall provide for the temporary care and custody of youths who have been placed under the jurisdiction of a juvenile court.
Ala. Code § 44-3-4 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-4
Section 44-3-4 Service Areas of Corporations
Status: in_force

The service area of such corporation shall be those present and future Alabama counties who are members of a corporation formed for the purpose of providing temporary care and custody to those children who are placed with the corporation by order of a judge exercising juvenile court jurisdiction or otherwise placed under the authority of existing law.
Ala. Code § 44-3-1 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-1
Section 44-3-1 Definitions
Status: in_force

The following words and phrases used in this chapter, and others evidently intended as the equivalent thereof, shall, in the absence of clear implication herein otherwise, be given the following respective interpretations herein:

(1) ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF YOUTH SERVICES. The state department of that name or any other department created by the legislature in lieu of said department.

(2) BOARD OF DIRECTORS. That body of persons selected in accordance with the articles of incorporation and bylaws of a corporation formed pursuant to this chapter.

(3) COUNTY. Any county in this state.

(4) FACILITIES. Structures, equipment and furnishings, or any other part or combination thereof, which are used, useful or capable of use, and the use thereof in connection with the implementation and operation of programs as defined herein.

(5) GOVERNING BODY. A county commission, board of revenue, or other like governing body of a county, or the council, commission, or other like governing body of an incorporated municipality.

(6) PROGRAMS. The use of various behavioral programs in the care and supervision of children. All programs are to be in compliance with the minimum standards as established by the Alabama Department of Youth Services as defined herein.
Ala. Code § 44-1-35 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-35
Section 44-1-35 Petition for Examination or Review by Director or Court
Status: in_force

In the event any committed youth has not been examined as provided in Section 44-1-30 or has not been reviewed within nine months of a previous review as provided in Section 44-1-34, such youth or his or her parent or guardian shall be entitled to petition the State Youth Services Director for such examination or review and to have his or her petition given prompt consideration in accordance with appropriate rules established therefor. In the event such petition to the director has not been granted or where it has not been acted upon within 30 days, such youth or his or her parent or guardian shall be entitled to petition the committing court for such examination and review, and the same shall be granted. Pending the determination of such a petition by the court, the authority of the Department of Youth Services to take such action as it may deem necessary with respect to such youth shall in no way be affected.
Ala. Code § 44-1-70 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-70
Section 44-1-70 Department of Youth Services Designated “Youth Services Department District.”
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services as presently constituted by law is hereby designated as a special school district of the state to be known as the “Youth Services Department District,” hereinafter referred to as the district. The relationship existing between the district and the State Board of Education shall be the same as that of local boards of education to the state board.
Ala. Code § 44-2-11 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-11
Section 44-2-11 Authority to Enter into Compact with Other States
Status: in_force

The Governor is directed to enter into a compact on behalf of the State of Alabama with any state in the United States legally joining the compact in the form as substantially provided for in Section 44-2-10.
Ala. Code § 44-1-55 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-55
Section 44-1-55 Annual Report to Governor
Status: in_force

As soon after the end of a fiscal year as practicable, the Youth Services Board shall print and send to the Governor of Alabama a report to include the activities of the board, the need for facilities under its jurisdiction, juvenile service conditions in the state, plans for the future, financial reports for the preceding year, and the names and addresses of the members of the board. A sufficient number of copies of such report shall be printed and distributed to the members of the Legislature of Alabama.
Ala. Code § 44-3-5 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-5
Section 44-3-5 Corporations to Be Governed by Boards of Directors; Selection and Meetings of Boards of Directors
Status: in_force

Such corporation shall be governed by a board of directors selected from member counties or municipalities, as the case may be, as may be specified in the bylaws of the corporation. The board of directors shall hold regular quarterly meetings and such meetings as may be called from time to time by the chair of the board who shall be selected in accordance with procedure as outlined in the bylaws. The annual meeting of the corporation shall be held in conjunction with the last board of directors meeting in the calendar year.
Ala. Code § 44-1-33 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-33
Section 44-1-33 Authorization of Medical, Psychiatric, Surgical and Dental Treatment
Status: in_force

(a) The state youth services director or his or her delegate may authorize major surgery or medical treatment to be performed upon any committed youth or general anesthetic to be administered to a committed youth when it is deemed necessary by a licensed medical physician and approval by the parent or guardian is acquired. If such approval is not given or the parent or guardian is unavailable for two weeks, the director or his or her delegate may apply to the juvenile court in the county where the child is confined for an order to undertake such surgery or treatment. A ruling must be made within 24 hours by the said juvenile judge.

(b) The state youth services director or his or her delegate may authorize major surgery or medical treatment to be performed upon any committed youth or general anesthetic to be administered to a committed youth when it is deemed an emergency situation where a child has suffered serious injury or is experiencing severe pain or his or her life is endangered and such judgment is made by a licensed medical physician. The director shall within 48 hours notify in writing the juvenile court in the county where the child is confined and the parent or guardian of such action. A copy of the report shall be sent to the committing court.
Ala. Code § 44-1-21 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-21
Section 44-1-21 State Youth Services Director
Status: in_force

(a) The state Youth Services Director shall have at a minimum a master’s degree in behavioral or social science or a related field from an accredited school and shall have at least six years’ experience in the field of services to children and youth, with at least three years of that experience being in the field of juvenile delinquency services. The last three years of such experience must have been in an administrative and/or management position with demonstrated competence as indicated by promotion or other indications of responsibility.

(b) The director may be removed from office by a vote of nine members of the board for reasons fully set forth in the minutes of the meeting at which such removal takes place.

(c) The director shall have the following powers and duties:

(1) Subject to the provisions of the state Merit System, to appoint all officers and employees of the department, or to authorize any superintendent, division or bureau head, or other administrator to select with his or her approval all staff members and employees.

(2) To exercise supervision over all the officers and employees of the department, and should any such officer or employee fail to perform faithfully any of the duties which are lawfully prescribed for him or her or if he or she fails or refuses to observe or conform to any rule, regulation, or policy of the board, to remove him or her from office, in conformity with the state Merit System law.

(3) To make agreements with the heads of other executive departments of the state providing for the coordination of the functions of the various departments of the state.

(4) Serve as the administrator of the Interstate Compact on Juveniles.
Ala. Code § 44-1-26 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-26
Section 44-1-26 Salary Subsidies for Probation Services; Juvenile Probation Officers; Responsibilities of Department of Human Resources
Status: reserved

Repealed by Act 98-392, p. 782, §17, effective July 21, 2004.
Ala. Code § 44-1-4 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-4
Section 44-1-4 Alabama Boys Industrial School, Alabama Training School for Girls and Alabama Industrial School - Separate Advisory Boards; Regulations
Status: reserved

The department of youth services shall establish separate advisory boards for the Alabama Boys Industrial School, the Alabama Training School for Girls and the Alabama Industrial School. Any regulation of the aforementioned institutions in existence on January 22, 1975, shall be made a regulation of the department on January 22, 1975, and shall continue in force until repealed or amended by the board.
Ala. Code § 44-1-75 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-75
Section 44-1-75 Salary Schedule for Teachers; Leaves, Benefits and Insurance
Status: in_force

The Youth Services Director shall work with the superintendent and the teaching staffs on each of the three campuses to develop a salary schedule for teachers. In placing teachers, granted tenure in Section 44-1-74, on the resulting salary schedule, no teacher shall be placed at a salary level lower than that held on October 1, 1983. In addition to developing this salary schedule, the director and superintendent shall work together with teachers to arrange replacement of all leaves and benefits previously enjoyed by the teachers of the department under the state Merit System. For purposes of obtaining hospital/medical benefits and life insurance, teaching personnel shall remain under the state employees’ hospital/medical and life insurance plans until such time as statewide hospital/medical and life insurance plans are developed for all state teachers.
Ala. Code § 44-1-50 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-50
Section 44-1-50 Created; Principal Offices
Status: in_force

There is hereby created and established the Alabama Youth Services Board. The principal offices of the board shall be located at the state capital. The board shall have the powers and duties and shall perform the functions described in this code.
Ala. Code § 44-3-6 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-6
Section 44-3-6 Powers of Corporations Generally
Status: in_force

Pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, such corporation, in acting through the board of directors, shall have all the powers of a corporation as granted by the laws of Alabama.
Ala. Code § 44-1-7 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-7
Section 44-1-7 Alabama Boys Industrial School, Alabama Training School for Girls, and Alabama Industrial School - Donations and Endowment Funds
Status: in_force

In order to make provision for the proper preservation and application of donations from private sources by gift, devise, or otherwise, heretofore made to the board of trustees of the Alabama Boys Industrial School, the board of trustees of the Alabama Training School for Girls or the board of trustees of the Alabama Industrial School for the uses and purposes intended by the private donors and in order to encourage future donations from private sources by way of gift, devise, or otherwise to said schools and assure prospective private donors of the use thereof at the particular school or schools designated as the object of donations and to prohibit the diversion of past and future donations to said schools from the uses and purposes for which the same were made, the advisory board of each school is authorized and empowered to serve as trustee or trustees for an endowment trust fund for its respective school set up under an agreement with a bank or banks organized either under the national banking laws or the banking laws of this state and having trust powers, to accept donations from private sources for the benefit of the particular school involved, manage the trust property in a prudent manner in accordance with sound financial principles and pay out so much of the income therefrom and/or of the principal as may be required by appropriate resolutions adopted and approved by the youth services board and, in the event of disestablishment of the particular school, to provide for the termination of its endowment trust fund and transfer of trust property then on hand to the department of youth services for use for the particular uses and purposes of each separate endowment fund then included in the trust, or, if such use has ceased to be practicable, then for such use as in the department’s judgment constitutes an equitable approximation of such uses and purposes. The trustee or trustees of any endowment trust fund established pursuant to this section shall periodically, not less than once every three years, make a full accounting of its handling of the trust estate to the youth services board, and written approval of the trustee’s or trustees’ accounts by said board shall be final and binding and have the same full force and effect as a partial final settlement or final settlement, as the case may be, had the accounting been accomplished through judicial proceedings. The advisory board of said school is prohibited from authorizing or directing any payment out of the endowment trust fund of said school for any purposes contrary to the expressed uses and purposes of the private donors of a donation constituting a part of the school’s endowment trust fund.
Ala. Code § 44-2-21 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-21
Section 44-2-21 Financial Responsibility
Status: in_force

Financial responsibility for any child placed pursuant to the provisions of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Article V thereof in the first instance. However, in the event of partial or complete default of performance thereunder, the provisions of Sections 30-4-50 through 30-4-82, also may be invoked.
Ala. Code § 44-3-8 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-8
Section 44-3-8 Admission of Governing Bodies into Membership of Corporations
Status: in_force

Any governing body in the state as defined in this chapter may submit a letter of application to the corporation’s chair of the board of directors. Said letter shall be in compliance with admission procedures as established by the board. Upon approval of a majority of board members present at a regularly scheduled board meeting, new members shall be admitted into the corporation and the number of directors representing that body will be determined by the existing board.
Ala. Code § 44-1-6 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-6
Section 44-1-6 Alabama Boys Industrial School, Alabama Training School for Girls and Alabama Industrial School - Restrictions on Appropriations
Status: in_force

All moneys appropriated to the Alabama Industrial School, Alabama Boys Industrial School and the Alabama Training School for Girls from the special education trust funds shall be used solely for the operations of these institutions.
Ala. Code § 44-2-20 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-20
Section 44-2-20 Text of Compact
Status: in_force

The Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children is hereby enacted into law and entered into with all other jurisdictions legally joining therein in form substantially as follows:

Article I. Purpose and Policy.

It is the purpose and policy of the party states to cooperate with each other in the interstate placement of children to the end that:

(a) Each child requiring placement shall receive the maximum opportunity to be placed in a suitable environment and with persons or institutions having appropriate qualifications and facilities to provide a necessary and desirable degree and type of care.

(b) The appropriate authorities in a state where a child is to be placed may have full opportunity to ascertain the circumstances of the proposed placement, thereby promoting full compliance with applicable requirements for the protection of the child.

(c) The proper authorities of the state from which the placement is made may obtain the most complete information on the basis of which to evaluate a projected placement before it is made.

(d) Appropriate jurisdictional arrangements for the care of children will be promoted.

Article II. Definitions.

As used in this compact:

(a) “Child” means a person who, by reason of minority, is legally subject to parental, guardianship or similar control.

(b) “Sending agency” means a party state, or officer or employee thereof; a subdivision of a party state, or officer or employee thereof; a court of a party state; a person, corporation, association, charitable agency or other entity which sends, brings or causes to be sent or brought any child to another party state.

(c) “Receiving state” means the state to which a child is sent, brought or caused to be sent or brought, whether by public authorities or private persons or agencies, and whether for placement with state or local public authorities or for placement with private agencies or persons.

(d) “Placement” means the arrangement for the care of a child in a family free or boarding home or in a child-caring agency or institution but does not include any institution caring for the mentally ill, mentally defective, or epileptic or any institution primarily educational in character, and any hospital or other medical facility.

Article III. Conditions for Placement.

(a) No sending agency shall send, bring, or cause to be sent or brought into any other party state any child for placement in foster care or as a preliminary to a possible adoption unless the sending agency shall comply with each and every requirement set forth in this article and with the applicable laws of the receiving state governing the placement of children therein.

(b) Prior to sending, bringing, or causing any child to be sent or brought into a receiving state for placement in foster care or as a preliminary to a possible adoption, the sending agency shall furnish the appropriate public authorities in the receiving state written notice of the intention to send, bring or place the child in the receiving state. The notice shall contain:

(1) The name, date, and place of birth of the child.

(2) The identity and address or addresses of the parents or legal guardian.

(3) The name and address of the person, agency or institution to or with which the sending agency proposed to send, bring or place the child.

(4) A full statement of the reasons for such proposed action and evidence of the authority pursuant to which the placement is proposed to be made.

(c) Any public officer or agency in a receiving state which is in receipt of a notice pursuant to paragraph (b) of this article may request of the sending agency, or any other appropriate officer or agency of or in the sending agency’s state, and shall be entitled to receive therefrom, such supporting or additional information as it may deem necessary under the circumstances to carry out the purpose and policy of this compact.

(d) The child shall not be sent, brought or caused to be sent or brought into the receiving state until the appropriate public authorities in the receiving state shall notify the sending agency, in writing, to the effect that the proposed placement does not appear to be contrary to the interests of the child.

Article IV. Penalty for Illegal Placement.

The sending, bringing, or causing to be sent or brought into any receiving state of a child in violation of the terms of this compact shall constitute a violation of the laws respecting the placement of children of both the state in which the sending agency is located or from which it sends or brings the child and of the receiving state. Such violation may be punished or subjected to penalty in either jurisdiction in accordance with its laws. In addition to liability for any such punishment or penalty, any such violation shall constitute full and sufficient grounds for the suspension or revocation of any license, permit or other legal authorization held by the sending agency which empowers or allows it to place, or care for children.

Article V. Retention of Jurisdiction.

(a) The sending agency shall retain jurisdiction over the child sufficient to determine all matters in relation to the custody, supervision, care, treatment and disposition of the child which it would have had if the child had remained in the sending agency’s state, until the child is adopted, reaches majority, becomes self-supporting or is discharged with the concurrence of the appropriate authority in the receiving state. Such jurisdiction shall also include the power to effect or cause the return of the child or its transfer to another location and custody pursuant to law. The sending agency shall continue to have financial responsibility for support and maintenance of the child during the period of the placement. Nothing contained herein shall defeat a claim of jurisdiction by a receiving state sufficient to deal with an act of delinquency or crime committed therein.

(b) When the sending agency is a public agency, it may enter into an agreement with an authorized public or private agency in the receiving state providing for the performance of one or more services in respect of such case by the latter as agent for the sending agency.

(c) Nothing in this compact shall be construed to prevent a private charitable agency authorized to place children in the receiving state from performing services or acting as agent in that state for a private charitable agency of the sending state; nor to prevent the agency in the receiving state from discharging financial responsibility for the support and maintenance of a child who has been placed on behalf of the sending agency without relieving the responsibility set forth in paragraph (a) hereof.

Article VI. Institutional Care of Delinquent Children.

A child adjudicated delinquent may be placed in an institution in another party jurisdiction pursuant to this compact but no such placement shall be made unless the child is given a court hearing on notice to the parent or guardian with opportunity to be heard, prior to his or her being sent to such other party jurisdiction for institutional care and the court finds that:

1. Equivalent facilities for the child are not available in the sending agency’s jurisdiction; and

2. Institutional care in the other jurisdiction is in the best interest of the child and will not produce undue hardship.

Article VII. Compact Administrator.

The executive head of each jurisdiction party to this compact shall designate an officer who shall be general coordinator of activities under this compact in his or her jurisdiction and who, acting jointly with like officers of other party jurisdictions, shall have power to promulgate rules and regulations to carry out more effectively the terms and provisions of this compact.

Article VIII. Limitations.

This compact shall not apply to:

(a) The sending or bringing of a child into a receiving state by his parent, step-parent, grandparent, adult brother or sister, adult uncle or aunt, or his or her guardian and leaving the child with any such relative or nonagency guardian in the receiving state.

(b) Any placement, sending, or bringing of a child into a receiving state pursuant to any other interstate compact to which both the state from which the child is sent or brought and the receiving state are party, or to any other agreement between said states which has the force of law.

Article IX. Enactment and Withdrawal.

This compact shall be open to joinder by any state, territory or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and, with the consent of congress, the government of Canada or any province thereof. It shall become effective with respect to any such jurisdiction when such jurisdiction has enacted the same into law. Withdrawal from this compact shall be by the enactment of a statute repealing the same, but shall not take effect until two years after the effective date of such statute and until written notice of the withdrawal has been given by the withdrawing state to the governor of each other party jurisdiction. Withdrawal of a party state shall not affect the rights, duties and obligations under this compact of any sending agency therein with respect to a placement made prior to the effective date of withdrawal.

Article X. Construction and Severability.

The provisions of this compact shall be liberally construed to effectuate the purposes thereof. The provisions of this compact shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of this compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any party state or the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of any state party thereto, the compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters.
Ala. Code § 44-1-74 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-74
Section 44-1-74 Retention of Certain Personnel; Employment and Status of New Teaching Personnel; Merit System Coverage of Nonteaching Personnel
Status: in_force

As of October 1, 1983, all personnel who have been employed by the department of youth services for at least six months shall remain in their respective jobs and shall be considered to meet all requirements of the department in terms of training and experience; but nothing herein shall be construed to prevent or preclude the removal of an employee for cause in the manner provided by law. The employment of any new teaching personnel after October 1, 1983, shall be on a probationary or nontenured status with the expectation of attaining tenure under the state’s tenure law after three consecutive years of service and reemployment for the fourth year. The employment of nonteaching personnel after October 1, 1983, shall continue to be under the provisions and protection of the state Merit System.
Ala. Code § 44-2-25 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-25
Section 44-2-25 Governor to Act as Executive Head
Status: in_force

As used in Article VI [Article VII] of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children, the term “executive head” means the governor. The Governor of each state party to this compact shall designate an officer who, acting jointly with like officers of other party states, shall promulgate rules and regulations to carry out more effectively the terms and provisions of this compact.
Ala. Code § 44-1-38 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-38
Section 44-1-38 Records of Examinations, Etc
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services shall keep adequate written records of all social studies and examinations and of the conclusions based thereon and of all major decisions and orders concerning the disposition or treatment of every youth for whom the department provided social services and care pursuant to this chapter.
Ala. Code § 44-3-9 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-9
Section 44-3-9 Appropriations to Corporations by Governing Bodies
Status: in_force

All governing bodies, as defined in this chapter, are hereby authorized to appropriate and pay over to the corporation a respective share of the costs of operation of the facilities and programs of said corporation and the construction, renovation or operation of any future facility or programs as determined by the board of directors.
Ala. Code § 44-2-26 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-26
Section 44-2-26 Commissioner of Department of Pensions and Security to Be Compact Administrator
Status: in_force

The Commissioner of the state Department of Pensions and Security shall be the compact administrator and, acting jointly with like officers of other party states, shall promulgate rules and regulations to carry out more effectively the terms of the compact. The compact administrator is hereby authorized, empowered and directed to cooperate with all departments, agencies and officers of and in the government of this state and its subdivisions in facilitating the proper administration of the compact or any supplementary agreement or agreements entered into by this state hereunder.
Ala. Code § 44-2-24 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-24
Section 44-2-24 Authority to Enter into Agreements; Commissioner of Department of Pensions and Security to Approve Financial Commitments or Obligations
Status: in_force

The officers and agencies of this state and its subdivisions having authority to place children are hereby empowered to enter into agreements with appropriate officers or agencies of or in other party states pursuant to paragraph (b) of Article V of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children. Any such agreement which contains a financial commitment or imposes a financial obligation of this state or subdivision or agency thereof shall not be binding unless it has the approval in writing of the Commissioner of the Department of Pensions and Security or his or her designated agent.
Ala. Code § 44-2-22 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 2 / Section 44-2-22
Section 44-2-22 Department of Pensions and Security to Act as Appropriate Public Authority
Status: in_force

The [term] “appropriate public authorities” as used in Article III of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children shall, with reference to this state, mean the department of pensions and security of the State of Alabama and said department shall receive and act with reference to notices required by said Article III.
Ala. Code § 44-3-12 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-12
Section 44-3-12 Commencement of Existence of Corporations
Status: in_force

Such corporation authorized herein shall come into being upon the filing of the articles of incorporation with the office of probate judge in the county in which its principal facility is located.
Ala. Code § 44-3-3 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-3
Section 44-3-3 Effect of Formation of Corporations Upon Presently Existing Juvenile Facilities and Programs and Corporations
Status: in_force

Any corporation so created shall be a public, nonprofit corporation and may be organized as a successor to presently existing juvenile facilities and programs. Members in presently existing corporations shall automatically retain membership in any successor corporation formed after the passage of this chapter.
Ala. Code § 44-1-24 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-24
Section 44-1-24 Powers and Duties of Department Generally
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services shall perform the following:

(1) Provide services for youths who have run away from their own communities in this state or from their home communities in other states to this state, and provide such services, care, or cost for the youths as may be required pursuant to the provisions of the Interstate Compact on Juveniles.

(2) Provide for the expansion of local detention care for youths alleged to be delinquent pending court hearing.

(3) Secure the provision of medical, hospital, psychiatric, surgical, or dental service, or payment of the cost of such services, as may be needed for committed youths.

(4) License and subsidize foster care facilities or group homes for youths alleged to be delinquent pending hearing before a juvenile court or adjudged delinquent following hearing, including detention, examination, study, care, treatment, and training.

(5) Establish, maintain, and subsidize programs to train employees of the department, juvenile courts, and law enforcement personnel in such subject matters and techniques as may be necessary to assure efficient and effective administration of services in accordance with the purpose of this chapter.

(6) Make and enforce all rules and regulations which are necessary and appropriate to the proper accomplishment of the duties and functions vested in the department by law with respect to youth services and which do not conflict with or exceed the provisions of law vesting the duties and functions in the department.

(7) Enter into contracts with any other state or federal agency or with any private person, organization, or group capable of contracting, if the department finds the action to be in the public interest.

(8) Upon approval of the Attorney General, file and prosecute civil actions in any court in the name of the department to enforce this chapter and enforce such rules and regulations as may be promulgated under this chapter. Civil actions may include actions for an injunction to restrain any person, agency, or organization from violating any provision of this chapter or any rule or regulation promulgated under this chapter.

(9) Accept gifts, trusts, bequests, grants, endowments, or transfers of property of any kind and prudently to manage the property in accordance with sound financial principles.

(10) Prescribe and furnish forms to clerks of probate and juvenile courts for use in connection with any action to be taken under this chapter.

(11) Enter into reciprocal agreements with appropriate agencies of other states relative to youth services programs.

(12) Engage in research in the field of youth services, enter into contracts with public or voluntary organizations, including educational institutions, and with individuals for the purpose of securing research and to make provisions for any pay grants to such organizations or individuals in accordance with the rules of the department, as may be necessary to secure the performance of the research.
Ala. Code § 44-1-30 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-30
Section 44-1-30 Study and Evaluation of Youth in Custody of Department
Status: in_force

When the legal custody of a youth has been vested in the Department of Youth Services by order of the juvenile judge, the department shall, under rules established by it, study and evaluate such youth and investigate all pertinent circumstances of his or her behavior and life in order to prepare a service plan while he or she is detained in the state training schools. Data concerning such youth secured in any previous study and evaluation undertaken under this chapter may be utilized by the department in lieu of or in supplementation of a new study and evaluation. The police authorities, the school authorities and other public officials and agencies of the state or any county or municipality in the state shall, upon the request of the department, promptly make available to the department all pertinent information in their possession with respect to a youth whose custody is vested in the department; provided, that this section shall not require any disclosure which would be inconsistent with the requirements of any federal statute or regulation under which grants are made to the state or any state law. The department shall make available its findings pursuant to this section to any juvenile court in the state.
Ala. Code § 44-1-32 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-32
Section 44-1-32 Determination of Social Service Plan
Status: in_force

(a) When legal custody of a youth has been vested in the Department of Youth Services and so long as such legal custody is so vested in the department, the department may, after an objective consideration of all available information, take one of the following social service actions:

(1) The department may place the youth in a state training school within the state or in another state in accordance with the provisions of the Interstate Compact on Juveniles, under such conditions as it believes best designed for his or her welfare or the protection of the public;

(2) The department may release the youth to the jurisdiction of the committing court;

(3) The department may arrange temporary return or a trial visit of the youth to his or her own home, as often as conditions appear desirable; and

(4) The department may revoke or modify any social service plan as often as conditions appear desirable.

(b) The committing court shall be kept informed by the department of the physical location of the youth at all times.
Ala. Code § 44-1-78 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-78
Section 44-1-78 Certain Eufaula Adolescent Center School Instructional Personnel Considered Employees Under Department of Youth Services Local Education Agency School District
Status: in_force

All appropriate State Department of Education or teacher certified personnel employed with the Department of Mental Health as Eufaula Adolescent Center School instructional personnel on May 28, 1996, shall become employees under the Department of Youth Services Local Education Agency School District. Said employees shall be given credit for continuous teaching experience at the Eufaula Adolescent Center School relating to consideration for tenure. All salary schedules, leaves, benefits, and insurance shall be congruent with the Department of Youth Services Special School District.
Ala. Code § 44-1-25 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-25
Section 44-1-25 Development of Department Program
Status: in_force

The department of youth services shall develop a workable program of youth services as follows:

(1) Collect statistics, information and data concerning the need for and condition of rehabilitative services to delinquent youth or youth in need of supervision throughout the state;

(2) Disseminate information to the public and to appropriate public and private agencies and organizations within the state on the conditions and needs thus ascertained;

(3) Serve in a consultative and licensing capacity and develop materials and standards concerning delinquent youth within the state;

(4) Enlist the participation of citizens and representatives of other agencies and organizations in the planning and development throughout the state of an adequate youth services program as provided for in this chapter;

(5) Cooperate with and assist other public and voluntary agencies and organizations in the development and coordination of programs and activities for youths, particularly those programs and activities which contribute to the prevention or treatment of delinquency;

(6) Collaborate with others in the establishment of statewide and local planning bodies, or assist and cooperate with any such existing bodies which are concerned with promoting the physical, mental, emotional and social well-being of youths;

(7) Assist local communities in making surveys of conditions contributing to delinquency and of the facilities and services provided to rehabilitate committed youths; and

(8) Prescribe and furnish uniform procedures and forms for all law enforcement agencies and court clerks to use in reporting contacts with youths.
Ala. Code § 44-1-39 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-39
Section 44-1-39 Restrictions on Release or Use of Records
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be unlawful, except for purposes directly connected with the administration of this chapter, or as herein provided, and in accordance with regulations of the Department of Youth Services, for any person or persons to solicit, disclose, receive or make use of, or authorize, knowingly permit, participate in or acquiesce in the use of any information concerning any youth for whom the department provides social services or care in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and derived from the records, papers, files, or communications of the department, or of any agency or facility utilized by the department in providing services to any youth or acquired in the course of the performance of official duties.

(b) Nothing contained in this section shall preclude the disclosure of information secured in the performance of functions under this chapter upon order of the court which vested legal custody of the youth in the department, in any one of the following circumstances:

(1) In subsequent proceedings for delinquency involving the same youth;

(2) To other youth care agencies which subsequently provide services to the said youth;

(3) In any issue of custody before a court in which the court finds that such disclosure is necessary to protect the general welfare of the youth; or

(4) For research purposes where anonymity is preserved.
Ala. Code § 44-1-20 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-20
Section 44-1-20 Created; Composition and Principal Offices
Status: in_force

There is hereby created and established a department of the state to be known as the Department of Youth Services. The department shall be composed of the Youth Services Board, the director, and such divisions and administrative sections as the board may establish. The principal offices of the department shall be located at the state capital. The department shall have the powers and duties and shall perform the functions prescribed in this chapter.
Ala. Code § 44-1-22 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-22
Section 44-1-22 Employees of Department
Status: in_force

The employees of the Department of Youth Services shall be governed by the personnel Merit System rules and regulations of the State Personnel Department. Employees of institutions and agencies which are transferred to the department under the provisions of this chapter, who have been so employed for six months immediately preceding such date, shall remain in their respective employments and shall be considered to meet the requirements of the department in terms of training and experience; but nothing herein shall be construed to prevent or preclude the removal of an employee for cause in the manner provided by law.
Ala. Code § 44-3-11 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 3 / Section 44-3-11
Section 44-3-11 Exemption from Taxation of Corporations, Property, Income, Etc
Status: in_force

Such corporation authorized herein, and its property, including bonds, conveyances, mortgages, leases, and all income from such property, and operation of programs shall be exempt from all taxation that shall be imposed on said corporation for the privilege of engaging in any of the activities authorized by this chapter.
Ala. Code § 44-1-40 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-40
Section 44-1-40 Agreements with Federal Government
Status: in_force

The Department of Youth Services is authorized to serve as an agent of the state in entering into agreements with any appropriate agency of the federal government to provide care and treatment for a youth found by a federal court to be delinquent and committed to the custody of the attorney general of the United States. Such agreement shall be upon such terms and conditions and shall provide for such compensation as may be mutually agreed upon between the department and the appropriate agency of the federal government. Funds received as compensation under such agreement shall be placed in the state treasury and are hereby appropriated for the use of the department for carrying out the provisions of this chapter.
Ala. Code § 44-1-5 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-5
Section 44-1-5 Alabama Boys Industrial School, Alabama Training School for Girls and Alabama Industrial School - Continuation of Rights, Etc., of Employees; Personal Leave for Teachers
Status: in_force

(a) Employees of the Alabama Boys Industrial School, the Alabama Training School for Girls and the Alabama Industrial School holding positions on January 22, 1975, shall become employees of the department of youth services on the date of such transfer. Such employees of the abovementioned institutions shall continue to enjoy employment conditions, including salary, housing and office arrangements, at a level no less than those enjoyed prior to transfer to the department.

(b) The youth services board shall grant personal leave to any teacher employed by the board at Alabama Boys Industrial School, Alabama Training School for Girls and the Alabama Industrial School at Mt. Meigs up to five days annually, noncumulative, during the time such schools are in session. Two days of personal leave shall be granted upon the request of the teacher with full pay and three days may, at the discretion of the board, be granted with part pay or with full pay. The teacher shall, whenever possible, notify the board five days in advance of the time such leave is to be taken; however, when such notice is not practical, leave may be taken in the same manner and under the procedures governing sick leave.
Ala. Code § 44-1-36 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-36
Section 44-1-36 Commitment of Youth with Mental Illness or Developmental Disability to State Hospital; Discharge of Rehabilitated Youth; Release of Youth into Aftercare; Termination or Extension of Orders of Commitment
Status: in_force

(a) In the event a committed youth shall be diagnosed in writing as mentally ill to the degree that said youth is unable to profit from the programs operated by the Department of Youth Services for the benefit of delinquent youth, the department may petition the proper juvenile court for the commitment of the said youth to the state hospital for the mentally ill. The diagnosis must be made by a person who is legally and professionally qualified under the laws of Alabama to make such a diagnosis.

(b) In the event a committed youth shall be diagnosed in writing as an individual with a developmental disability to the degree that said youth is unable to profit from the programs operated by the department for the benefit of delinquent youth, the department may petition the proper juvenile court for the commitment of the said youth to the state hospital for individuals with developmental disabilities. The diagnosis must be made by a person who is legally and professionally qualified under the laws of Alabama to make such a diagnosis.

(c) A committed youth shall be discharged who, in the judgment of the director, has gained optimal rehabilitation from the programs of the department and will not be received again by the department under the original commitment order.

(d) A committed youth shall be released into aftercare when the department determines that said youth is no longer in need of the services of the state training schools and can function within open society under the supervision of a probation officer in accordance with terms and conditions as established by the committing court. The department shall notify the committing court in writing at least 10 days in advance of the release. The committing court, at the time of release into aftercare, shall then invest custody in a party which the court deems suitable.

(e) The committing court shall have jurisdiction to extend an order of commitment during the time of aftercare and to issue further orders in relation to the investment of legal custody in some other party until the youth reaches his or her twenty-first birthday only upon proper petitions being filed with the said court by a probation officer alleging all reasons for any aftercare extension or change of legal custody. A hearing shall be held in said juvenile court within 10 days after the filing of the petition to determine whether the youth’s aftercare should be extended, for no more than six months.

(f) When a committed youth has fulfilled his or her period of commitment, he or she shall be discharged from the department’s custody, and any recommitment to the department must be based on a new offense and a new hearing.

(g) In the event that a youth has not been discharged prior to the expiration of two years from the date of the entry of the original commitment order, the department must request either:

(1) The termination of the commitment order and the issuance of such other orders respecting the legal custody and continued supervision of the youth as may be warranted under the circumstances, or
Ala. Code § 44-1-56 — Alabama Code / Title 44 / Chapter 1 / Section 44-1-56
Section 44-1-56 Budget Requests
Status: in_force

Each biennium the Youth Services Board shall present to the Governor a request for funds based on projected needs for juvenile services in the state, together with a budget showing proposed expenditures. The Governor shall include in his or her appropriation bill a request for funds to meet the reasonable financial needs of the department.