FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 18 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 18
Treason against the state. That treason against the state shall consist only in levying war against it, or adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort; and that no person shall be convicted o
Status: in_force

Sec. 18. Treason against the state. That treason against the state shall consist only in levying war against it, or adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort; and that no person shall be convicted of treason, except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or his own confession in open court.
Alabama Const. art. 12, § 221 — Alabama Constitution / Article 12 / Section 221
Payment of state license tax, etc., not to excuse payment of other privilege and license taxes. The legislature shall not enact any law which will permit any person, firm, corporation, or association 
Status: in_force

Sec. 221. Payment of state license tax, etc., not to excuse payment of other privilege and license taxes. The legislature shall not enact any law which will permit any person, firm, corporation, or association to pay a privilege, license, or other tax to the State of Alabama, and relieve him or it from the payment of all other privilege and

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license taxes in the state.
Alabama Const. art. 6, § 154 — Alabama Constitution / Article 6 / Section 154
Tenure of office. (a) The term of office of each judge of a court of the judicial system of this state shall be six years. (b) A law reducing the number of judges of the supreme court or of a court of
Status: in_force

Sec. 154. Tenure of office. (a) The term of office of each judge of a court of the judicial system of this state shall be six years. (b) A law reducing the number of judges of the supreme court or of a court of appeals shall be without prejudice to the right of the judges affected to seek retention in office. The reduction shall become effective when a vacancy in the affected court occurs.

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Sec. 155. Retirement. The legislature shall provide by law for the retirement of judges, including supernumerary judges, with such conditions, retirement benefits, and pensions for them and their dependents as it may prescribe. No person shall be elected or appointed to ajudicial office after reaching the age of seventy years, provided that a judge over the age of seventy may be appointed to the office of supernumerary judge if he is not eligible to receive state judicial retirement benefits.
Alabama Const. art. 4, § 66 — Alabama Constitution / Article 4 / Section 66
Signature of bills by presiding officer of each house; reading of bills at length may be dispensed with. The presiding officer of each house shall, in the presence of the house over which he presides,
Status: in_force

Sec. 66. Signature of bills by presiding officer of each house; reading of bills at length may be dispensed with. The presiding officer of each house shall, in the presence of the house over which he presides, sign all bills and joint resolutions passed by the legislature, after the same shall have been publicly read at length immediately before signing, and the fact of reading and signing shall be entered upon the journal;

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but the reading at length may be dispensed with by a two-thirds vote of a quorum present, which fact shall also be entered on the journal.
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 17 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 17
Suspension of habeas corpus.
Status: in_force

Sec. 17. Suspension of habeas corpus. 
That the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended by the 
authorities of this state.
Alabama Const. art. 5, § 124 — Alabama Constitution / Article 5 / Section 124
Authority of governor to grant reprieves and commutations to persons under sentence of death; legislature to regulate administration of pardons, paroles, remission of fines and forfeitures, suspension
Status: in_force

Sec. 124. Authority of governor to grant reprieves and commutations to persons under sentence of death; legislature to regulate administration of pardons, paroles, remission of fines and forfeitures, suspension of sentences and probation; pardon not relief from civil and political disabilities unless specifically provided. The governor shall have power to grant reprieves and commutations to persons under sentence of death. The legislature shall have power to provide 71

for and to regulate the administration of pardons, paroles, remission of fines and forfeitures, and may authorize the courts having criminal jurisdiction to suspend sentence and to order probation. No pardon shall relieve from civil and political disabilities unless specifically expressed in the pardon.
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 30 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 30
Immigration, emigration and exile.
Status: in_force

Sec. 30. Immigration, emigration and exile. 
That immigration shall be encouraged; emigration shall not be prohibited, 
and no citizen shall be exiled.
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 12 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 12
Prosecutions for libel or for publication of papers investigating official conduct of public officers. That in all prosecutions for libel or for the publication of papers investigating the official co
Status: in_force

Sec. 12. Prosecutions for libel or for publication of papers investigating official conduct of public officers. That in all prosecutions for libel or for the publication of papers investigating the official conduct of officers or men in public capacity, or when the matter published is proper for public information, the truth thereof may be given in evidence; and that in all indictments for libel, the jury shall have the right to determine the law and the facts under the direction of the court.
Alabama Const. art. 2, § 41 — Alabama Constitution / Article 2 / Section 41
Removal of courthouse or county site. No courthouse or county site shall be removed except by a majority vote of the qualified electors of said county, voting at an election held for such purpose, and
Status: in_force

Sec. 41. Removal of courthouse or county site. No courthouse or county site shall be removed except by a majority vote of the qualified electors of said county, voting at an election held for such purpose, and when an election has once been held no other election shall be held for such purpose until the expiration of four years; provided, that the county site of 16

Shelby county shall remain at Columbiana, unless removed by a vote of the people, as provided for in an act entitled, ‘‘An act to provide for the permanent location of the county site of Shelby county, Alabama, by a vote of the qualified electors of said county,’’ approved the 9th day of February, 1899, and the act amendatory thereof, approved the 20th day of February, 1899, or by an election held under the provisions of this article.

Sec. 41.01. Establishing or abolishing branch courthouse or division or branch of court of record. After the ratification of this amendment, the legislature shall not establish any branch courthouse or any division or branch of any court of record to be held at any place other than the county seat, nor shall the legislature abolish any branch courthouse now existing or abolish any division or branch of any court of record now existing, unless such proposal be first submitted to a vote of the qualified electors of the county or counties to be affected and is approved by a majority of those voting upon such proposit
Alabama Const. art. 17, § 281 — Alabama Constitution / Article 17 / Section 281
Compensation of civil officers not to be increased or diminished during term for which elected or appointed. The salary, fees, or compensation of any officer holding any civil office of profit under t
Status: in_force

Sec. 281. Compensation of civil officers not to be increased or diminished during term for which elected or appointed. The salary, fees, or compensation of any officer holding any civil office of profit under this state or any county or municipality thereof, shall not be increased or diminished during the term for which he shall have been elected or appointed.
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 35 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 35
Objective of government. That the sole object and only legitimate end of government is to protect the citizen in the enjoyment of life, liberty, and property, and when the government assumes other fun
Status: in_force

Sec. 35. Objective of government. That the sole object and only legitimate end of government is to protect the citizen in the enjoyment of life, liberty, and property, and when the government assumes other functions it is usurpation and oppression.
Alabama Const. art. 4, § 97 — Alabama Constitution / Article 4 / Section 97
Payment of salary of deceased officer after date of death. The legislature shall not authorize payment to any person of the salary of a deceased officer beyond the date of his death.
Status: in_force

Sec. 97. Payment of salary of deceased officer after date of death. The legislature shall not authorize payment to any person of the salary of a deceased officer beyond the date of his death.
Alabama Const. art. 6, § 159 — Alabama Constitution / Article 6 / Section 159
Disqualification. A judge shall be disqualified from acting as a judge, without loss of salary, while there is pending (1) an indictment or an information charging him in the United States with a crim
Status: in_force

Sec. 159. Disqualification. A judge shall be disqualified from acting as a judge, without loss of salary, while there is pending (1) an indictment or an information charging him in the United States with a crime punishable as a felony under a state or federal law, or (2) a complaint against him filed by the judicial inquiry commission with the court of the judiciary.
Alabama Const. art. 5, § 114 — Alabama Constitution / Article 5 / Section 114
Governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, state treasurer, and commissioner of agriculture and industries — How elected; when election held. The governor, lie
Status: in_force

Sec. 114. Governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, state treasurer, and commissioner of agriculture and industries — How elected; when election held. The governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary

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of state, state treasurer, and commissioner of agriculture and industries shall be elected by the qualified electors of the state at the same time and places appointed for the election of members of the legislature in the year nineteen hundred and two, and in every fourth year thereafter.
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 2 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 2
People source ofpower. That all political power is inherent in the people, and all free governments are founded on their authority, and instituted for their benefit; and that, therefore, they have at 
Status: in_force

Sec. 2. People source ofpower. That all political power is inherent in the people, and all free governments are founded on their authority, and instituted for their benefit; and that, therefore, they have at all times an inalienable and indefeasible right to change their form of government in such manner as they may deem expedient.
Alabama Const. art. 4, § 85 — Alabama Constitution / Article 4 / Section 85
Periodic revision and promulgation of laws. It shall be the duty of the legislature, at its first session after the ratification of this Constitution, and within every subsequent period of twelve year
Status: in_force

Sec. 85. Periodic revision and promulgation of laws. It shall be the duty of the legislature, at its first session after the ratification of this Constitution, and within every subsequent period of twelve years, to make provision by law for revising, digesting, and promulgating the public statutes of this state, of a general nature, both civil and criminal.
Alabama Const. art. 5, § 129 — Alabama Constitution / Article 5 / Section 129
Compensation of acting governor. The lieutenant governor, president pro tem. of the senate, speaker of the house, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, or state treasurer, while adminis
Status: in_force

Sec. 129. Compensation of acting governor. The lieutenant governor, president pro tem. of the senate, speaker of the house, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, or state treasurer, while administering the office of governor, shall receive like compensation as that prescribed by law for the governor, and no other.
Alabama Const. art. 4, § 72 — Alabama Constitution / Article 4 / Section 72
Payment of money out of state treasury; publication of annual statement of receipts and expenditures. No money shall be paid out of the treasury except upon appropriations made by law, and on warrant 
Status: in_force

Sec. 72. Payment of money out of state treasury; publication of annual statement of receipts and expenditures. No money shall be paid out of the treasury except upon appropriations made by law, and on warrant drawn by the proper officer in pursuance thereof; and a regular statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all public

33

moneys shall be published annually, in such manner as may be by law directed.
Alabama Const. art. 1, § 14 — Alabama Constitution / Article 1 / Section 14
State not to be made defendant.
Status: in_force

Sec. 14. State not to be made defendant. 
That the State of Alabama shall never be made a defendant in any court of 
law or equity.
Alabama Const. art. 14, § 257 — Alabama Constitution / Article 14 / Section 257
Principal from sale, etc., of school property to be pre served; disposition of income therefrom. The principal of all funds arising from the sale or other disposition of lands or other property, which
Status: in_force

Sec. 257. Principal from sale, etc., of school property to be pre served; disposition of income therefrom. The principal of all funds arising from the sale or other disposition of lands or other property, which has been or may hereafter be granted or entrusted to this state or given by the United States for educational purposes shall be preserved inviolate and undiminished; and the income arising therefrom shall be faithfully applied to the specific object of the original grants or appropriations.
Alabama Const. art. 10, § 209 — Alabama Constitution / Article 10 / Section 209
Property rights of females; property of wife not liable for debts, etc., of husband. The real and personal property of any female in this state, acquired before marriage, and all property, real and pe
Status: in_force

Sec. 209. Property rights of females; property of wife not liable for debts, etc., of husband. The real and personal property of any female in this state, acquired before marriage, and all property, real and personal, to which she may afterwards be entitled by gift, grant, inheritance, or devise, shall be and remain the separate estate and property of such female, and shall not be liable for any debts, obligations, or engagements of her husband, and may be devised or bequeathed by her, the same as if she were a femme sole.
Alabama Const. art. 5, § 120 — Alabama Constitution / Article 5 / Section 120
Governor to faithfully execute laws. The governor shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed.
Status: in_force

Sec. 120. Governor to faithfully execute laws. The governor shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed.
Alabama Const. art. 17, § 283 — Alabama Constitution / Article 17 / Section 283
Validation of certain acts relating to bonded debt of state; governor authorized to act thereunder. The act of the general assembly of Alabama entitled ‘‘An act to consolidate and adjust the bonded de
Status: in_force

Sec. 283. Validation of certain acts relating to bonded debt of state; governor authorized to act thereunder. The act of the general assembly of Alabama entitled ‘‘An act to consolidate and adjust the bonded debt of the State of Alabama,’’ approved February 18th, 1895, and an act amendatory thereof entitled ‘‘An act to amend section 6 of an act to consolidate and adjust the bonded debt of the State of Alabama, approved February 18th, 1895,’’ which said last named act was approved February 16th, 1899, are hereby made valid, and both of said acts shall have the full force and effect of law, except in so far as they authorize the redemption before maturity of the bonds authorized by said acts to be issued. The governor is authorized and empowered to act under the same and to carry out all the provisions thereof; provided, that the bonds authorized to be issued by said acts and issued thereunder may be made payable at any time, not exceeding fifty years from the date thereof, and shall not be redeemable until their maturity.
Alabama Const. art. 18, § 285 — Alabama Constitution / Article 18 / Section 285
Election ballots; affirmative vote of majority of electors voting required for passage. Upon the ballots used at all elections provided for in section 284 of this Constitution the substance or subject
Status: in_force

Sec. 285. Election ballots; affirmative vote of majority of electors voting required for passage. Upon the ballots used at all elections provided for in section 284 of this Constitution the substance or subject matter of each proposed amendment shall be so printed that the nature thereof shall be clearly indicated. Follow ing each proposed amendment on the ballot shall be printed the word ‘‘Yes’’ and immediately under that shall be printed the word ‘‘No.’’ The choice of the elector shall be indicated by a cross mark made by him or under his direction, opposite the word expressing his desire, and no amendment shall be adopted unless it receives the affirmative vote of a majority of all the qualified electors who vote at such election.
Alabama Const. art. 4, § 44 — Alabama Constitution / Article 4 / Section 44
Composition of legislature.
Status: in_force

Sec. 44. Composition of legislature. 
The legislative power of this state shall be vested in alegislature, which shall 
consist of a senate and a house of representatives. 

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Alabama Const. art. 11, § 218 — Alabama Constitution / Article 11 / Section 218
Counties and municipal corporations exempt from pay ment of charges payable from state treasury. The legislature shall not have the power to require counties or other municipal corporations to pay any
Status: in_force

Sec. 218. Counties and municipal corporations exempt from pay ment of charges payable from state treasury. The legislature shall not have the power to require counties or other municipal corporations to pay any charges which are now payable out of the state treasury.
Alabama Const. art. 4, § 108 — Alabama Constitution / Article 4 / Section 108
Suspension of general laws for benefit of individuals or
Status: in_force

Sec. 108. Suspension of general laws for benefit of individuals or 
private corporations; exemption of individuals or private 
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corporations from operation of general laws. The operation of a general law shall not be suspended for the benefit of any individual, private corporation, or association; nor shall any individual, private corporation or association be exempted from the operation of any general law except as in this article otherwise provided.
Alabama Const. art. 12, § 220 — Alabama Constitution / Article 12 / Section 220
Consent of municipal corporation prerequisite to use of public property for public utility or private enterprise purposes. No person, firm, association, or corporation shall be authorized or permitted
Status: in_force

Sec. 220. Consent of municipal corporation prerequisite to use of public property for public utility or private enterprise purposes. No person, firm, association, or corporation shall be authorized or permitted to use the streets, avenues, alleys, or public places of any city, town, or village for the construction or operation of any public utility or private enterprise, without first obtaining the consent of the proper authorities of such city, town, or village.
Alabama Const. art. 6, § 152 — Alabama Constitution / Article 6 / Section 152
Election of judges.
Status: in_force

Sec. 152. Election of judges. 
All judges shall be elected by vote of the electors within the territorial 
jurisdiction of their respective courts.
Alabama Const. art. 15, § 276 — Alabama Constitution / Article 15 / Section 276
Appointment of adjutant general, general officers and
Status: in_force

Sec. 276. Appointment of adjutant general, general officers and 
governor’s staff. 
The governor shall, with the advice and consent of the senate, appoint the 
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adjutant general and all general officers. The governor shall appoint his own staff, as may be provided by law.
Alabama Const. art. 3, § 42 — Alabama Constitution / Article 3 / Section 42
Legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government; separation of powers. (a) The powers of the government of the State of Alabama are legislative, executive, and judicial. (b) The government
Status: in_force

Sec. 42. Legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government; separation of powers. (a) The powers of the government of the State of Alabama are legislative, executive, and judicial. (b) The government of the State of Alabama shall be divided into three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. (c) To the end that the government of the State of Alabama may be a government of laws and not of individuals, and except as expressly directed or permitted in this constitution, the legislative branch may not exercise the executive or judicial power, the executive branch may not exercise the legislative or judicial power, and the judicial branch may not exercise the legislative or executive power.
Alabama Const. art. 9, § 198 — Alabama Constitution / Article 9 / Section 198
Maximum number of members of House of Representatives; apportionment of house based on decennial census of United States. The house of representatives shall consist of not more than one hundred and fi
Status: in_force

Sec. 198. Maximum number of members of House of Representatives; apportionment of house based on decennial census of United States. The house of representatives shall consist of not more than one hundred and five members, unless new counties shall be created, in which event each new county shall be entitled to one representative. The members of the house of representatives shall be apportioned by the legislature among the several counties of the state, according to the number of inhabitants in them, respectively, as ascertained by the decennial census of the United States, which apportionment, when made, shall not be subject to alteration until the next session of the legislature after the next decennial census of the United States shall have been taken. Sec. 199. Duty of Legislature to fix number of representatives and apportion them among counties following each decennial census; each county entitled to at least one

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representative. It shall be the duty of the legislature at its first session after the taking of the decennial census of the United States in the year nineteen hundred and ten, and after each subsequent decennial census, to fix by law the number of representatives and apportion them among the several counties of the state, according to the number of inhabitants in them, respectively; provided, that each county shall be entitled to at least one representative.
Alabama Const. art. 12, § 240 — Alabama Constitution / Article 12 / Section 240
Corporations may sue and be sued like natural persons.
Status: in_force

Sec. 240. Corporations may sue and be sued like natural persons. 
All corporations shall have the right to sue, and shall be subject to be sued, 
in all courts in like cases as natural persons. 
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Dues from private corporations shall be secured by such means as may be prescribed by law; but in no case shall any stockholder be individually liable otherwise than for the unpaid stock owned by him or her.