FrancophonIA/ELRC3.0 huggingface dataset:
English: For patients with atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke or blood clots, the recommended dose is 5 mg taken twice a day.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih z atrijsko fibrilacijo, pri katerih obstaja tveganje za možgansko kap ali krvne strdke, je priporočeni odmerek 5 mg dvakrat na dan.
English: By blocking factor Xa, it reduces the levels of thrombin in the blood, which reduces the risk of blood clots forming in the arteries and veins.
Slovenian: Z zaviranjem faktorja Xa zdravilo Eliquis zmanjšuje količino trombina v krvi in s tem zmanjšuje tveganje za nastanek krvnih strdkov v arterijah in venah.
English: Eliquis contains the active substance apixaban.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Eliquis vsebuje učinkovino apiksaban.
English: To prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism from reoccurring, the recommended dose is 2.5 mg twice a day.
Slovenian: Za preprečevanje ponovne pojavitve globoke venske tromboze in pljučne embolije je priporočeni odmerek 2,5 mg dvakrat na dan.
English: Eliquis was also effective at treating deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and preventing their reoccurrence in two main studies.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Eliquis je bilo v dveh glavnih študijah tudi učinkovito pri zdravljenju globoke venske tromboze in pljučne embolije ter preprečevanju njune ponovne pojavitve.
English: The medicine's effectiveness was measured by looking at the number of patients who either had problems related to clotting in the veins or who died of any cause during the treatment period.
Slovenian: Učinkovitost zdravila so merili s številom bolnikov, ki so imeli težave zaradi strdkov v venah ali so med obdobjem zdravljenja iz katerega koli vzroka umrli.
English: 2.3% of patients taking Eliquis (2.5 mg twice a day) experienced a clot or died, compared with 9.3% of patients taking placebo.
Slovenian: Do nastanka strdka ali smrti je prišlo pri 2,3 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali zdravilo Eliquis (2,5 mg dvakrat na dan), in pri 9,3 % bolnikov, ki so jemali placebo.
English: The main measures of effectiveness were based on the number of strokes or clotting events that occurred during treatment.
Slovenian: Glavno merilo učinkovitosti je temeljilo na številu možganskih kapi ali težav zaradi strdkov, ki so se pojavile med zdravljenjem.
English: The yearly rates in the second study were 1.6% for patients taking Eliquis and 3.6% for patients taking aspirin.
Slovenian: V drugi študiji sta bili ti letni stopnji 1,6 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali zdravilo Eliquis, in 3,6 % bolnikov, ki so jemali acetilsalicilno kislino.
English: The active substance in Eliquis, apixaban, is a ‘factor Xa inhibitor'.
Slovenian: Učinkovina v zdravilu Eliquis, apiksaban, je zaviralec faktorja Xa.
English: In patients undergoing a hip replacement, 1.4% of the patients who completed treatment with Eliquis (27 out of 1,949) had a clotting event or died from any cause, compared with 3.9% (74 out of 1,917) of the patients taking enoxaparin.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih po kirurški zamenjavi kolka so se pri 1,4 % (27 od 1 949) bolnikov, ki so zaključili zdravljenje z zdravilom Eliquis, pojavile težave zaradi strdkov ali pa so ti bolniki iz katerega koli vzroka umrli, medtem ko je bil pri bolnikih, ki so jemali enoksaparin, ta delež 3,9 % (74 od 1 917).
English: Eliquis is a medicine used to prevent venous thromboembolism (blood clots in the veins) in adults following a hip or knee replacement operation.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Eliquis se uporablja za preprečevanje venske trombembolije (krvnih strdkov v venah) pri odraslih po kirurški zamenjavi kolka ali kolena.
English: For the full list of side effects and restrictions with Eliquis, see the package leaflet.
Slovenian: Za celoten seznam neželenih učinkov in omejitev pri uporabi zdravila Eliquis glejte navodilo za uporabo.
English: Additionally, Eliquis is used to prevent stroke (caused by blood clots in the brain) and blood clots in other organs in adults with atrial fibrillation (irregular rapid contractions of the upper chambers of the heart).
Slovenian: Zdravilo Eliquis se uporablja tudi za preprečevanje možganske kapi (ki jo povzročijo krvni strdki v možganih) in krvnih strdkov v drugih organih pri odraslih z atrijsko fibrilacijo (hitrim in nepravilnim krčenjem preddvorov srca).
English: How does Eliquis work?
Slovenian: Kako zdravilo Eliquis deluje?
English: How is Eliquis used?
Slovenian: Kako se zdravilo Eliquis uporablja?
English: In the study comparing Eliquis with warfarin, 1.3 % of the patients taking Eliquis had a stroke or clotting event every year compared with 1.6% of the patients taking warfarin.
Slovenian: V študiji, v kateri so zdravilo Eliquis primerjali z varfarinom, je do možganske kapi ali težav zaradi strdkov vsako leto prišlo pri 1,3 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali zdravilo Eliquis, in 1,6 % bolnikov, ki so jemali varfarin.
English: Eliquis can only be obtained with a prescription.
Slovenian: Predpisovanje in izdaja zdravila Eliquis je le na recept.
English: Patients undergoing hip or knee replacement surgery, who have had a recent trauma, or are confined to bed are at a high risk of blood clots forming in the veins, which can be dangerous and even fatal if they move to another part of the body such as the lungs.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih, ki so prestali kirurško zamenjavo kolka ali kolena, so pred kratkim utrpeli poškodbo ali morajo ležati, obstaja veliko tveganje za nastanek krvnih strdkov v venah.
English: 2.3% of patients treated with Eliquis had a clot or died, compared with 2.7% of patients treated with enoxaparin plus warfarin, showing that Eliquis was as effective as the comparator treatment.
Slovenian: Do nastanka strdka ali smrti je prišlo pri 2,3 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali zdravilo Eliquis, in pri 2,7 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali enoksaparin in varfarin.
English: In the treatment study conducted in 5,395 patients, Eliquis was compared with enoxaparin followed by warfarin; the main measure of effectiveness was based on the number of patients who either had blood clots in the veins of the legs or lungs or died because of this during the treatment period.
Slovenian: V študiji zdravljenja s 5 395 bolniki so zdravilo Eliquis primerjali z enoksaparinom in nato še varfarinom.
English: This summary was last updated in 01-2018.
Slovenian: Povzetek je bil nazadnje posodobljen 01-2018.
English: The European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union for Faslodex on 10 March 2004.
Slovenian: Evropska komisija je dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom Faslodex, veljavno po vsej Evropski uniji, izdala 10. marca 2004.
English: The full EPAR for Faslodex can be found on the Agency's website: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
Slovenian: Celotno evropsko javno poročilo o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Faslodex je na voljo na spletni strani agencije: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
English: This is a summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR) for Faslodex.
Slovenian: To je povzetek evropskega javnega poročila o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Faslodex.
English: What measures are being taken to ensure the safe and effective use of Faslodex?
Slovenian: Kateri ukrepi se izvajajo za zagotovitev varne in učinkovite uporabe zdravila Faslodex?
English: The European Medicines Agency concluded that the benefits seen in studies with Faslodex are greater than its risks and recommended that it be given marketing authorisation.
Slovenian: Evropska agencija za zdravila je sklenila, da so v študijah ugotovljene koristi zdravila Faslodex večje od z njim povezanih tveganj, in priporočila, da se zanj izda dovoljenje za promet.
English: Recommendations and precautions to be followed by healthcare professionals and patients for the safe and effective use of Faslodex have been included in the summary of product characteristics and the package leaflet.
Slovenian: Priporočila in varnostni ukrepi, ki jih morajo za varno in učinkovito uporabo zdravila Faslodex upoštevati zdravstveni delavci in bolniki, so vključeni v povzetek glavnih značilnosti zdravila in navodilo za njegovo uporabo.
English: Faslodex is available as a solution for injection in prefilled syringes (250 mg).
Slovenian: Zdravilo Faslodex je na voljo v obliki raztopine za injiciranje v napolnjeni injekcijski brizgi (250 mg).
English: Faslodex is an anti-oestrogen medicine used to treat advanced or metastatic breast cancer (cancer that has spread to other parts of the body) in the following patients:
Slovenian: Faslodex je antiestrogensko zdravilo za zdravljenje raka, ki se uporablja pri napredovalem ali metastatskem raku dojke (raku, ki se je razširil v druge dele telesa) pri naslednjih bolnicah:
English: The dose is given as two injections, each given into the muscle of one buttock over one to two minutes.
Slovenian: Odmerek se daje z dvema injekcijama v mišico, po eno injekcijo v vsako stran zadnjice, v eni do dveh minutah.
English: As a result, the cancer cells are not stimulated to grow by oestrogen and this slows down the growth of the tumour.
Slovenian: Estrogen zato celic raka ne spodbuja k rasti, kar upočasni rast tumorja.
English: Other information about Faslodex
Slovenian: Druge informacije o zdravilu Faslodex
English: In women with this type of breast cancer, Faslodex is used in combination with palbociclib (another cancer medicine).
Slovenian: Pri ženskah s to vrsto raka dojke se zdravilo Faslodex uporablja v kombinaciji s palbociklibom (drugim zdravilom za zdravljenje raka).
English: The recommended dose is 500 mg given once a month, with an additional 500-mg dose two weeks after the first dose.
Slovenian: Priporočeni odmerek je 500 mg v enomesečnih presledkih ter dodaten 500-miligramski odmerek, uporabljen dva tedna po začetnem odmerku.
English: For more information about treatment with Faslodex, read the package leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.
Slovenian: Za več informacij o zdravljenju z zdravilom Faslodex preberite navodilo za uporabo (ki je prav tako del EPAR) ali se posvetujte z zdravnikom ali farmacevtom.
English: Faslodex must not be used in women who are pregnant or breast-feeding, or in patients who have severe liver disease.
Slovenian: Zdravila Faslodex ne smejo uporabljati nosečnice ali doječe matere ali bolnice, ki imajo huda obolenja jeter.
English: It blocks the receptors for oestrogen on cells and causes the number of oestrogen receptors to fall.
Slovenian: Zavira receptorje za estrogen na celicah in povzroča zmanjšanje števila estrogenskih receptorjev.
English: The most common serious side effects were low levels of white and red blood cells, low levels of blood platelets, infections, increased liver enzyme levels and tiredness.
Slovenian: Najpogostejši resni neželeni učinki so bili nizko število belih in rdečih krvnih celic, nizko število trombocitov, okužbe, povečane ravni jetrnih encimov in utrujenost.
English: • postmenopausal women with a type of breast cancer known as ‘oestrogen-receptor positive cancer' who have not previously had hormonal treatment, or whose cancer had come back after treatment with another anti-oestrogen;
Slovenian: • ženskah po menopavzi z vrsto raka dojke, imenovano „rak s pozitivnimi estrogenskimi receptorji“, ki predhodno niso bile zdravljene s hormonskim zdravljenjem ali pri katerih se je rak ponovil po zdravljenju z drugim antiestrogenom;
English: The active substance in Faslodex, fulvestrant, is an anti-oestrogen.
Slovenian: Zdravilna učinkovina v zdravilu Faslodex, fulvestrant, je antiestrogen.
English: For practical information about using Faslodex, patients should read the package leaflet or contact their doctor or pharmacist.
Slovenian: Za praktične informacije o uporabi zdravila Faslodex naj bolniki preberejo navodilo za uporabo ali se posvetujejo z zdravnikom ali farmacevtom.
English: For the full list of all side effects and restrictions with Faslodex, see the package leaflet.
Slovenian: Za celoten seznam neželenih učinkov in omejitev pri uporabi zdravila Faslodex glejte navodilo za uporabo.
English: It is not intended to provide practical advice on how to use Faslodex.
Slovenian: Povzetek ni namenjen zagotavljanju praktičnih nasvetov o njegovi uporabi.
English: What is Faslodex and what is it used for?
Slovenian: Kaj je zdravilo Faslodex in za kaj se uporablja?
English: Most types of breast cancer are stimulated to grow when the hormone oestrogen attaches to targets (receptors) on cancer cells.
Slovenian: Rast večine vrst raka dojke spodbuja vezava hormona estrogena na tarče (receptorje) na celicah raka.
English: Five main studies showed that Faslodex is effective at prolonging the length of time patients live without their disease getting worse.
Slovenian: Pet glavnih študij je pokazalo, da je zdravilo Faslodex učinkovito pri podaljševanju časa preživetja bolnic brez poslabšanja bolezni.
English: What benefits of Faslodex have been shown in studies?
Slovenian: Kakšne koristi je zdravilo Faslodex izkazalo v študijah?
English: Why is Faslodex approved?
Slovenian: Zakaj je bilo zdravilo Faslodex odobreno?
English: What are the risks associated with Faslodex?
Slovenian: Kakšna tveganja so povezana z zdravilom Faslodex?
English: When Faslodex is used on its own, the most common side effects (seen in more than 1 patient in 10) are injection-site reactions (such as pain or inflammation), weakness, nausea (feeling sick) and increased liver enzyme levels in the blood (a sign of liver problems).
Slovenian: Kadar se zdravilo Faslodex uporablja kot samostojno zdravilo, so najpogostejši neželeni učinki (ki so se pojavili pri več kot 1 bolnici od 10) reakcije na mestu injiciranja (npr. bolečine ali vnetje), šibkost, navzeja (siljenje na bruhanje) in povečana raven jetrnih encimov v krvi (znak težav z jetri).
English: The fourth study, in 462 women with advanced or metastatic breast cancer who had not been treated with hormonal therapy, showed that women treated with Faslodex (500 mg once a month) lived for an average of 16.6 months without their disease getting worse, compared with 13.8 months for women given anastrozole.
Slovenian: Četrta študija s 462 ženskami z napredovalim ali metastatskim rakom dojke, ki niso bile zdravljene s hormonskim zdravljenjem, je pokazala, da so ženske, ki so bile zdravljene z zdravilom Faslodex (v odmerku 500 mg enkrat na mesec), brez poslabšanja bolezni povprečno preživele 16,6 meseca, ženske, ki so prejemale anastrozol, pa 13,8 meseca.
English: A third study in 736 women showed that the higher dose of 500 mg of Faslodex was more effective than 250 mg: women receiving the higher dose lived for an average of 6.5 months without their disease getting worse, compared with 5.5 months in those receiving the lower dose.
Slovenian: Tretja študija s 736 ženskami je pokazala, da je bil večji odmerek (500 mg) zdravila Faslodex učinkovitejši od odmerka 250 mg: ženske, ki so prejemale večji odmerek, so brez poslabšanja bolezni povprečno preživele 6,5 meseca, ženske, ki so prejemale manjši odmerek, pa 5,5 meseca.
English: Two of these studies in 851 women showed that Faslodex was as effective as another medicine, anastrozole: women receiving Faslodex lived for an average of 5.4 months without their disease getting worse, compared with 4.1 months for those taking anastrozole.
Slovenian: Dve od teh študij pri 851 ženskah sta pokazali, da je bilo zdravilo Faslodex enako učinkovito kot drugo zdravilo, anastrozol: ženske, ki so prejemale zdravilo Faslodex, so brez poslabšanja bolezni povprečno preživele 5,4 meseca, ženske, ki so prejemale anastrozol, pa 4,1 meseca.
English: When used in combination with palbociclib, the most common side effects with Faslodex (seen in more than 2 patients in 10) are low levels of white and red blood cells, low blood platelet counts, infections, tiredness, nausea, stomatitis (inflammation of the lining of the mouth) and diarrhoea.
Slovenian: Pri kombinirani uporabi s palbociklibom so najpogostejši neželeni učinki zdravila Faslodex (ki so se pojavili pri več kot 2 bolnicah od 10) nizka raven belih in rdečih krvnih celic, nizko število trombocitov, okužbe, utrujenost, navzeja, stomatitis (vnetje ustne sluznice) in driska.
English: Faslodex can only be obtained with a prescription.
Slovenian: Predpisovanje in izdaja zdravila Faslodex je le na recept.
English: Studies showed that Faslodex, an anti-oestrogen medicine, is effective at prolonging the time patients with oestrogen-receptor positive breast cancer can live without their disease getting worse.
Slovenian: Študije so pokazale, da antiestrogensko zdravilo Faslodex pri bolnicah z rakom dojke, pozitivnim za estrogenske receptorje, učinkovito podaljšuje čas, ki ga lahko preživijo brez poslabšanja bolezni.
English: • women with a type of breast cancer known as ‘HR-positive, HER-2 negative cancer' who have previously had hormonal treatment.
Slovenian: • ženskah z vrsto raka dojke, imenovano „rak dojke s pozitivnimi hormonskimi receptorji in negativnimi receptorji 2 za humani epidermalni rastni faktor“, ki so bile predhodno zdravljene s hormonskim zdravljenjem.
English: Finally, a study investigating the use of Faslodex in combination with palbociclib in 521 women with (HR)-positive (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer showed that women treated with Faslodex plus palbociclib lived for an average of 9.2 months without their disease getting worse, compared with 3.8 months for women given Faslodex on its own.
Slovenian: Študija, v kateri so proučevali uporabo zdravila Faslodex v kombinaciji s palbociklibom pri 521 ženskah z napredovalim ali metastatskim rakom dojke s pozitivnimi hormonskimi receptorji in negativnimi receptorji 2 za humani epidermalni rastni faktor, je pokazala, da so ženske, zdravljene z zdravilom Faslodex in palbociklibom, brez poslabšanja bolezni povprečno preživele 9,2 meseca, ženske, ki so prejemale samo zdravilo Faslodex, pa 3,8 meseca.
English: In addition, the medicine is effective in combination with palbociclib in patients with HR-positive, HER-2 negative breast cancer.
Slovenian: Poleg tega je to zdravilo v kombinaciji s palbociklibom učinkovito pri bolnicah z rakom dojke s pozitivnimi hormonskimi receptorji in negativnimi receptorji 2 za humani epidermalni rastni faktor.
English: Faslodex contains the active substance fulvestrant.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Faslodex vsebuje zdravilno učinkovino fulvestrant.
English: How does Faslodex work?
Slovenian: Kako zdravilo Faslodex deluje?
English: How is Faslodex used?
Slovenian: Kako se zdravilo Faslodex uporablja?
English: Ref.: EMEA/320256/2009 EMEA/H/C/216
Slovenian: : EMEA/320256/2009 EMEA/H/C/216
English: The marketing authorisation was renewed on 19 July 2004 and on 19 July 2009.
Slovenian: Dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom je bilo podaljšano dne 19. julija 2004 in 19. julija 2009.
English: The company also used data published in scientific journals.
Slovenian: Družba je uporabila tudi podatke, ki so bili objavljeni v znanstvenih revijah.
English: It is given using an infusion pump every two to three weeks.
Slovenian: S pomočjo infuzijske črpalke se daje vsaka dva do tri tedne.
English: It is used for the treatment of the following types of cancer:
Slovenian: Uporablja se za zdravljenje naslednjih vrst raka:
English: It must not be used in women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Slovenian: Ne smejo ga uporabljati bolnice, ki so noseče ali dojijo.
English: The European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union for Paxene to Norton Healthcare Limited on 19 July 1999.
Slovenian: Evropska komisija je dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom Paxene, veljavno po vsej Evropski uniji, odobrila družbi Norton Healthcare Limited dne 19. julija 1999.
English: The results of these studies were used to draw up the recommendations on how the medicine should be used.
Slovenian: Rezultati omenjenih študij so bili uporabljeni za oblikovanje priporočil o uporabi zdravila.
English: In some cases, these were significantly better than with standard anticancer therapy.
Slovenian: V nekaterih primerih so bili odzivi znatno boljši kot pri običajnih protirakavih zdravljenjih.
English: Paxene is given as an infusion lasting three hours, or occasionally 24 hours.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Paxene se daje v obliki infuzije, ki traja 3 ure, ali občasno 24 ur.
English: The most common side effects with Paxene (seen in more than 1 patient in 10) are infection, severe neutropenia (very low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell), severe leucopenia (very low white blood cell counts), thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet counts), anaemia (low red blood cell counts), myelosuppression (a condition when the bone marrow cannot make enough blood cells), minor hypersensitivity reactions (allergic reactions), loss of appetite, neuropathy (nerve damage), paraesthesia (unusual sensations like pins and needles), somnolence (sleepiness), hypotension (low blood pressure), nausea (feeling sick), vomiting, diarrhoea, mucosal inflammation (inflammation of the moist body surfaces), constipation, stomatitis (inflammation of the lining of the mouth), abdominal (tummy) pain, alopecia (hair loss), arthralgia (joint pain), myalgia (muscle pain), asthenia (weakness), pain and oedema (swelling).
Slovenian: Najpogostejši neželeni učinki zdravila Paxene (opaženi pri več kot 1 bolniku od 10) so okužbe, huda nevtropenija (zelo nizke ravni nevtrofilcev, vrste belih krvničk), huda levkopenija (zelo nizke ravni belih krvničk), trombocitopenija (nizke ravni trombocitov), anemija (nizke ravni rdečih krvničk), mielosupresija (stanje, pri katerem kostni mozeg ne more tvoriti zadostne količine krvničk), manjše preobčutljivostne (alergične) reakcije, izguba teka, nevropatija (poškodbe živčevja), parestezija (nenavadni občutki zbadanja), zaspanost, hipotenzija (nizek krvni tlak), navzeja (slabost), bruhanje, driska, mukozno vnetje (vnetje sluznic v telesu), zaprtje, stomatitis (vnetje ustne sluznice) bolečine v trebuhu, alopecija (izpadanje las), artralgija (bolečine v sklepih), mialgija (bolečine v mišicah), astenija (šibkost), bolečine in edemi (otekline).
English: Other information about Paxene:
Slovenian: Druge informacije o zdravilu Paxene:
English: To prevent severe allergic reactions, all patients must first be treated with corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, antihistamines to reduce swelling and itchiness, and H2 antagonists to reduce stomach acid.
Slovenian: Da bi preprečili hude alergijske reakcije, je treba vse bolnike najprej zdraviti s kortikosteroidi za zmanjšanje vnetij, antihistaminiki za zmanjšanje otekanja in srbeža ter antagonisti H2 za zmanjšanje izločanja želodčne kisline.
English: Paxene paclitaxel EPAR summary for the public
Slovenian: Paxene paklitaksel Povzetek EPAR za javnost
English: The Committee recommended that Paxene be given marketing authorisation.
Slovenian: Odbor je priporočil, da se za zdravilo Paxene odobri dovoljenje za promet.
English: The main measures of effectiveness were the number of patients whose cancer responded to treatment, how long the patients lived without their disease getting worse and how long they survived.
Slovenian: Glavno merilo učinkovitosti je bilo število bolnikov, pri katerih se je rak odzval na zdravljenje, čas do poslabšanja bolezni in čas preživetja.
English: Paxene has been studied in 107 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, 312 patients with metastatic breast cancer, 120 patients with metastatic ovarian cancer, over 900 patients with advanced ovarian cancer and over 1,000 patients with lung cancer.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Paxene so raziskovali pri 107 bolnikih s Kaposijevim sarkomom, 312 bolnicah z metastatskim rakom dojk, 120 bolnicah z metastatskim rakom jajčnikov, več kot 900 bolnicah z napredovalim rakom jajčnikov in več kot 1 000 bolnikih s pljučnim rakom.
English: What benefit has Paxene shown during the studies?
Slovenian: Kakšne koristi je zdravilo Paxene izkazalo med študijami?
English: With the skeleton still in place the cell cannot divide, and eventually die.
Slovenian: Če je skelet še vedno zdrav, se celice ne morejo deliti in sčasoma odmrejo.
English: Paclitaxel blocks the cell's ability to break down the ‘skeleton' that allows cells to divide and multiply.
Slovenian: Paklitaksel zavira sposobnost celice za razgradnjo notranjega celičnega „skeleta“, ki celici omogoča deljenje in razmnoževanje.