FrancophonIA/ELRC3.0 huggingface dataset:
English: Each injection lasts 15 minutes.
Slovenian: Vsaka infuzija traja 15 minut.
English: The European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union to Orphan Europe SARL on 29 July 2004.
Slovenian: Evropska komisije je dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom, veljavno po vsej Evropski uniji, izdala družbi Orphan Europe 29. julija 2004.
English: Because ibuprofen has been in use for a long time, the company presented information from the published literature.
Slovenian: Ker se ibuprofen uporablja že dlje časa, je družba predstavila podatke iz objavljene literature.
English: The first injection is given when the baby is at least six hours old.
Slovenian: Prva infuzija se da, ko je otrok star vsaj šest ur.
English: Other information about Pedea
Slovenian: Druge informacije o zdravilu Pedea
English: This is a summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR) for Pedea.
Slovenian: To je povzetek evropskega javnega poročila o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Pedea.
English: It works by reducing the level of chemical messengers called prostaglandins within cells.
Slovenian: Deluje tako, da znižuje količino kemičnih prenašalcev, imenovanih prostaglandinov, v celicah.
English: This causes heart and lung problems in the baby.
Slovenian: To pri otroku povzroči težave s srcem in pljuči.
English: What benefit has Pedea shown during the studies?
Slovenian: Kakšne koristi je zdravilo Pedea izkazalo med študijami?
English: Pedea is given as three injections into a vein at 24-hour intervals.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Pedea se daje v obliki treh infuzij v veno v 24-urnih intervalih.
English: The CHMP decided that Pedea's benefits are greater than its risks and recommended that it be given marketing authorisation.
Slovenian: CHMP je zaključil, da so koristi zdravila Pedea večje od z njim povezanih tveganj, in priporočil, da se zanj izda dovoljenje za promet.
English: It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the medicine to reach its opinion in favour of granting a marketing authorisation and its recommendations on the conditions of use for Pedea.
Slovenian: Pojasnjuje, kako je Odbor za zdravila za uporabo v humani medicini (CHMP) ocenil to zdravilo, na podlagi česar je oblikoval mnenje za izdajo dovoljenja za promet z njim in priporočila glede pogojev njegove uporabe.
English: What is the risk associated with Pedea?
Slovenian: Kakšna tveganja so povezana z zdravilom Pedea?
English: The main measure of effectiveness was the number of babies whose ductus arteriosus closed without the need for surgery.
Slovenian: Glavno merilo učinkovitosti je bilo število otrok, pri katerih se je arteriozni duktus zaprl ne da bi bil potreben kirurški poseg.
English: If the condition is unchanged after the second course of therapy, surgery may be necessary.
Slovenian: Če se stanje tudi po drugem ciklusu ne izboljša, bo morda potrebno kirurško zdravljenje.
English: It also presented the results of studies, including one study looking at different doses of Pedea in 40 newborn premature babies.
Slovenian: Predstavila je tudi rezultate študij, vključno s študijo, v kateri so proučevali različne odmerke zdravila Pedea pri 40 nedonošenčkih.
English: If the ductus arteriosus has not closed by 48 hours after the final injection, or if it re-opens, a second course of three doses of Pedea may be given.
Slovenian: Če se arteriozni duktus ne zapre v 48 urah po prejemu zadnje infuzije ali pa se ponovno odpre, se lahko zdravljenje ponovi z nadaljnjimi tremi odmerki zdravila Pedea.
English: The active substance in Pedea, ibuprofen, has been used since the 1960s as a painkiller and an anti inflammatory medicine.
Slovenian: Zdravilna učinkovina zdravila Pedea, ibuprofen, se uporablja od šestdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja kot zdravilo za lajšanje bolečin in protivnetno zdravilo.
English: Pedea is a solution for injection that contains the active substance ibuprofen.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Pedea je raztopina za injiciranje, ki vsebuje zdravilno učinkovino ibuprofen.
English: In the study looking at the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus, the approved dose of Pedea led to a closure rate of 75% in babies born 11 to 13 weeks premature (six out of eight) and 33% in babies born 14 to 16 weeks premature (two out of six).
Slovenian: V študiji, s katero so proučevali zdravljenje odprtega arterioznega duktusa, se je pri uporabi odobrenega odmerka zdravila Pedea arteriozni duktus zaprl pri 75 % (šestih od osmih) otrok, rojenih 11 do 13 tednov prezgodaj, in pri 33 % (dveh od šestih) otrok, rojenih 14 do 16 tednov prezgodaj.
English: However, the study had to be stopped early because of side effects (kidney and lung problems).
Slovenian: Vendar pa so študijo zaradi neželenih učinkov (težav z ledvicami in pljuči) zgodaj prekinili.
English: The most common side effects seen in babies receiving the medicine (seen in more than 1 baby in 10) are thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet counts), neutropenia (low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (abnormal lung tissue, usually seen in babies born prematurely), increased blood creatinine levels (a marker of kidney function) and decreased blood sodium levels.
Slovenian: Najpogostejši neželeni učinki pri otrocih, ki prejemajo to zdravilo (opaženi pri več kot 1 od 10 otrok), so trombocitopenija (nizko število trombocitov v krvi), nevtropenija (nizko število nevtrofilcev, vrste belih krvničk), bronhopulmonarna displazija (nenormalno pljučno tkivo, običajno opaženo pri nedonošenčkih), povišane ravni kreatinina v krvi (pokazatelja delovanja ledvic) in znižane ravni natrija v krvi.
English: Treatment with Pedea should only be carried out in a neonatal intensive care unit under the supervision of an experienced neonatologist (a doctor specialising in newborn babies).
Slovenian: Zdravljenje z zdravilom Pedea se izvaja le v neonatalnih oddelkih za intenzivno nego pod nadzorom izkušenega neonatologa (zdravnika, specializiranega za zdravljenje novorojenčkov).
English: A further study compared the effects of Pedea and placebo (a dummy treatment) in 131 newborns who were treated before there was proof that they had patent ductus arteriosus.
Slovenian: V nadaljnji študiji so primerjali učinke zdravila Pedea in placeba (zdravila brez zdravilne učinkovine) pri 131 novorojenčkih, ki so bili zdravljeni, preden je bilo dokazano, da imajo odprti arteriozni duktus.
English: Why has Pedea been approved?
Slovenian: Zakaj je bilo zdravilo Pedea odobreno?
English: Pedea must not be used in babies who have a life-threatening infection, bleeding, blood clotting problems or significant kidney problems.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Pedea se ne sme uporabljati pri otrocih, ki imajo življenjsko nevarno okužbo, krvavitve, motnje strjevanja krvi ali pomembne težave z ledvicami.
English: In study looking at the use of Pedea before there was proof that the babies had patent ductus arteriosus, Pedea seemed to be more effective than placebo at preventing surgery.
Slovenian: V študiji, s katero so proučevali uporabo zdravila Pedea, preden je bilo dokazano, da imajo otroci odprti arteriozni duktus, je bilo zdravilo Pedea pri preprečevanju kirurškega posega domnevno učinkovitejše od placeba.
English: It must also not be used in babies with congenital heart disease where an open ductus arteriosus is needed for the blood to flow, or in babies with necrotising enterocolitis (a severe bacterial infection causing death of tissue in the gut).
Slovenian: Prav tako se ne sme uporabljati pri otrocih s prirojeno srčno napako, pri kateri je odprti arteriozni duktus nujen za pretok krvi, ali pri otrocih z nekrotizirajočim enterokolitisom (hudo bakterijsko okužbo, ki povzroča odmiranje tkiva v črevesju).
English: Pedea is used to treat ‘patent ductus arteriosus' in newborn premature babies who were born six or more weeks too early (less than 34 weeks gestational age).
Slovenian: Zdravilo Pedea se uporablja za zdravljenje „odprtega arterioznega duktusa“ pri nedonošenčkih, rojenih šest ali več tednov prezgodaj (z gestacijsko starostjo manj kot 34 tednov).
English: Patent ductus arteriosus is a condition where the ductus arteriosus (the blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the baby's lungs before birth) fails to close after birth.
Slovenian: Pri odprtem arterioznem duktusu gre za stanje, ko se arteriozni duktus (žila, ki pred rojstvom omogoča, da kri zaobide otrokova pljuča) po rojstvu ne zapre.
English: The cause of any side effects seen in babies receiving Pedea is difficult to assess because they may be related to the patent ductus arteriosus or to Pedea itself.
Slovenian: Vzroke neželenih učinkov je pri otrocih, ki prejemajo zdravilo Pedea težko določiti, saj so ti lahko povezani bodisi z odprtim arterioznim duktusom bodisi s samim zdravilom Pedea.
English: As prostaglandins are also involved in keeping the ductus arteriosus open after birth, Pedea is thought to work by reducing the levels of prostaglandins, allowing this blood vessel to close.
Slovenian: Prostaglandini sodelujejo tudi pri vzdrževanju odprtosti arterioznega duktusa po rojstvu, zdravilo Pedea pa naj bi zniževalo njihovo raven, kar pripomore k zaprtju te krvne žile.
English: For the full list of all side effects reported with Pedea, see the package leaflet.
Slovenian: Za celoten seznam neželenih učinkov, o katerih so poročali pri uporabi zdravila Pedea, glejte navodilo za uporabo.
English: The full EPAR for Pedea can be found on the Agency's website: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
Slovenian: Celotno evropsko javno poročilo o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Pedea je na voljo na spletni strani agencije: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports Za več informacij o zdravljenju z zdravilom Pedea preberite navodilo za uporabo (ki je prav tako del EPAR) ali se posvetujte z zdravnikom ali farmacevtom.Povzetek je bil nazadnje posodobljen 11-2015.
English: Pedea should not be used before there is proof that the baby has patent ductus arteriosus.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Pedea se ne sme uporabljati, dokler ni odprti arteriozni duktus dokazan.
English: How has Pedea been studied?
Slovenian: Kako je bilo zdravilo Pedea raziskano?
English: What is Pedea used for?
Slovenian: Za kaj se zdravilo Pedea uporablja?
English: How does Pedea work?
Slovenian: Kako zdravilo Pedea deluje?
English: What is Pedea?
Slovenian: Kaj je zdravilo Pedea?
English: For the full list of restrictions see the see the package leaflet.
Slovenian: Za celoten seznam omejitev pri uporabi zdravila Pedea glejte navodilo za uporabo.
English: How is Pedea used?
Slovenian: Kako se zdravilo Pedea uporablja?
English: What measures are being taken to ensure the safe and effective use of Kevzara?
Slovenian: Kateri ukrepi se izvajajo za zagotovitev varne in učinkovite uporabe zdravila Kevzara?
English: The full EPAR for Kevzara can be found on the Agency's website: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
Slovenian: Celotno evropsko javno poročilo o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Kevzara je na voljo na spletni strani agencije: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
English: The recommended dose is 200 mg given as an injection under the skin, once every 2 weeks.
Slovenian: Priporočeni odmerek je 200 mg in se daje v injekcijah pod kožo enkrat na dva tedna.
English: This is a summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR) for Kevzara.
Slovenian: To je povzetek evropskega javnega poročila o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Kevzara.
English: The dose may have to be lowered in patients with abnormal blood tests.
Slovenian: Odmerek bo morda treba zmanjšati pri bolnikih z nenormalnimi izvidi krvnih preiskav.
English: The safety profile of Kevzara was considered acceptable and in line with that of other similar medicines.
Slovenian: Varnostni profil zdravila Kevzara je bil sprejemljiv in v skladu z drugimi podobnimi zdravili.
English: This compared with 33% of the patients receiving placebo.
Slovenian: Ta delež je pri bolnikih, ki so prejemali placebo, znašal 33 %.
English: The benefits seen in studies include reduced symptoms, improved physical function, and slower progression of joint damage.
Slovenian: Koristi, ki so jih opazili v študijah, vključujejo zmanjšanje simptomov, izboljšanje fizične funkcije in počasnejše napredovanje poškodb sklepov.
English: The Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) decided that Kevzara's benefits are greater than its risks and recommended that it be approved for use in the EU.
Slovenian: Odbor za zdravila za uporabo v humani medicini (CHMP) pri agenciji je zaključil, da so koristi zdravila Kevzara večje od z njim povezanih tveganj, in priporočil, da se odobri za uporabo v EU.
English: Other information about Kevzara
Slovenian: Druge informacije o zdravilu Kevzara
English: Kevzara is available as a solution for injection in pre-filled pens and pre-filled syringes (150 mg and 200 mg).
Slovenian: Zdravilo Kevzara je na voljo kot raztopina za injiciranje v napolnjenih injekcijskih peresnikih in napolnjenih injekcijskih brizgah (150 mg in 200 mg).
English: Kevzara must not be used in patients with active, severe infections including infections localised to one area of the body.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Kevzara se ne sme uporabljati pri bolnikih z aktivnimi, hudimi okužbami, vključno z okužbami, lokaliziranimi na eno območje telesa.
English: Treatment should be interrupted in patients who develop serious infections until the infection is under control.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih, ki razvijejo hude okužbe, je treba zdravljenje prekiniti, dokler ni okužba pod nadzorom.
English: Why is Kevzara approved?
Slovenian: Zakaj je bilo zdravilo Kevzara odobreno?
English: Recommendations and precautions to be followed by healthcare professionals and patients for the safe and effective use of Kevzara have also been included in the summary of product characteristics and the package leaflet.
Slovenian: Priporočila in varnostni ukrepi, ki jih morajo za varno in učinkovito uporabo zdravila Kevzara upoštevati zdravstveni delavci in bolniki, so vključeni tudi v povzetek glavnih značilnosti zdravila in navodilo za njegovo uporabo.
English: The company that markets Kevzara will provide an alert card for patients, highlighting the risk of serious infections, neutropenia and intestinal perforation (a hole that develops in the wall of the gut), and listing the symptoms for which patients should seek immediate medical attention.
Slovenian: Družba, ki trži zdravilo Kevzara, bo priskrbela opozorilno kartico za bolnike, na kateri bodo poudarjena tveganja resnih okužb, nevtropenije in intestinalne perforacije (luknja, ki nastane v steni črevesja) in na kateri bodo navedeni simptomi, v primeru katerih morajo bolniki takoj poiskati zdravniško pomoč.
English: The most common side effect with Kevzara (which may affect more than 1 in 10 people) is neutropenia (low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that fights infection).
Slovenian: Najpogostejši neželeni učinek pri zdravilu Kevzara (ki se lahko pojavijo pri več kot 1 bolniku od 10) je nevtropenija (nizke vrednosti nevtrofilcev, vrste belih krvnih celic, ki se borijo proti okužbam).
English: What benefits of Kevzara have been shown in studies?
Slovenian: Kakšne koristi je zdravilo Kevzara izkazalo v študijah?
English: What is Kevzara and what is it used for?
Slovenian: Kaj je zdravilo Kevzara in za kaj se uporablja?
English: What are the risks associated with Kevzara?
Slovenian: Kakšna tveganja so povezana z zdravilom Kevzara?
English: Patients treated with Kevzara had greater improvement in the function of their joints, compared with patients treated with adalimumab (based on a standard rating score called DAS28-ESR).
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih, zdravljenih z zdravilom Kevzara, je prišlo do večjega izboljšanja funkcije njihovih sklepov v primerjavi z bolniki, zdravljenimi z adalimumabom (po standardni ocenjevalni lestvici, imenovani DAS28-ESR).
English: Increased blood levels of a liver enzyme called ALT (a sign of liver problems), reddening of the skin at the site of injection, nose and throat infections, and infections of the structures that carry urine (such as the bladder) are also common side effects which may affect up to 1 in 10 people.
Slovenian: Zvišane ravni jetrnega encima v krvi, imenovanega ALT (znak težav z jetri), pordelost kože na mestu injiciranja, okužbe nosu in grla ter okužbe struktur, ki prenašajo urin (kot npr. mehur), so prav tako pogosti neželeni učinki, ki se lahko pojavijo pri največ 1 bolniku od 10.
English: It is not intended to provide practical advice on how to use Kevzara.
Slovenian: Povzetek ni namenjen zagotavljanju praktičnih nasvetov o njegovi uporabi.
English: Three studies involving over 2,100 adults with rheumatoid arthritis showed that Kevzara is effective at reducing joint pain and swelling, improving joint movement and slowing down joint damage after 24 weeks of treatment.
Slovenian: Tri študije pri več kot 2 100 bolnikih z revmatoidnim artritisom so pokazale, da je zdravilo Kevzara učinkovito pri zmanjševanju bolečin in oteklosti sklepov, s čimer se izboljša gibljivost sklepov in upočasnijo poškodbe sklepov po 24 tednih zdravljenja.
English: The first study involved about 1,200 patients whose condition had not responded adequately to treatment with methotrexate; patients received Kevzara plus methotrexate or placebo plus methotrexate.
Slovenian: Prva študija je vključevala približno 1 200 bolnikov, ki se niso ustrezno odzvali na zdravljenje z metotreksatom; bolniki so prejemali zdravilo Kevzara in metotreksat ali placebo in metotreksat.
English: It is used with methotrexate (a DMARD) but can also be used alone if the patient cannot take methotrexate.
Slovenian: Uporablja se skupaj z metotreksatom (DMARD), vendar pa ga bolniki, ki metotreksata ne smejo jemati, lahko jemljejo samostojno.
English: For more information about treatment with Kevzara, read the package leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.
Slovenian: Za več informacij o zdravljenju z zdravilom Kevzara preberite navodilo za uporabo (ki je prav tako del EPAR) ali se posvetujte z zdravnikom ali farmacevtom.
English: The active substance in Kevzara, sarilumab, is a monoclonal antibody, a type of protein which has been designed to attach to and block the receptor (target) for a molecule called interleukin-6.
Slovenian: Zdravilna učinkovina zdravila Kevzara, sarilumab, je monoklonsko protitelo, tj. vrsta beljakovine, ki je bila zasnovana tako, da se veže na receptor (tarčo) za molekulo, imenovano interlevkin-6, in ga zavre.
English: Kevzara can only be obtained with a prescription, and treatment should be started and supervised by a specialist doctor experienced in treating rheumatoid arthritis.
Slovenian: Predpisovanje in izdaja zdravila Kevzara je le na recept, zdravljenje pa mora začeti in nadzorovati zdravnik specialist, ki ima izkušnje z zdravljenjem revmatoidnega artritisa.
English: Kevzara is used when treatment with one or more medicines known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) has not worked well enough or has led to troublesome side effects.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Kevzara se uporablja, kadar zdravljenje z enim ali več zdravili, znanimi kot imunomodulirajoča antirevmatična zdravila (DMARD), ni dovolj dobro delovalo ali je povzročilo problematične neželene učinke.
English: Most side effects were mild to moderate in severity, and the more severe side effects were considered manageable with dose reduction or treatment interruption.
Slovenian: Neželeni učinki so bili večinoma blagi do zmerni, hujše neželene učinke pa je bilo mogoče obvladovati z zmanjšanjem odmerka in prekinitvijo zdravljenja.
English: For practical information about using Kevzara, patients should read the package leaflet or contact their doctor or pharmacist.
Slovenian: Za praktične informacije o uporabi zdravila Kevzara naj bolniki preberejo navodilo za uporabo ali se posvetujejo z zdravnikom ali farmacevtom.
English: 56% of patients treated with Kevzara 150 mg and 61% of those treated with 200 mg had a reduction in symptoms of 20% or more, compared with 34% of patients on placebo.
Slovenian: Pri 56 % bolnikov, zdravljenih z zdravilom Kevzara 150 mg, in 61 % bolnikov, zdravljenih z zdravilom Kevzara 200 mg, so se simptomi zmanjšali vsaj za 20 % v primerjavi s 34 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali placebo.
English: 58% of patients given Kevzara 150 mg and 66% of patients given Kevzara 200 mg had a reduction in symptoms of 20% or more, based on a standard rating score (ACR 20).
Slovenian: Pri 58 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali zdravilo Kevzara 150 mg in 66 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali zdravilo Kevzara 200 mg, so se simptomi zmanjšali vsaj za 20 % glede na standardno ocenjevalno lestvico (ACR 20).
English: A third study involving 369 patients compared Kevzara with adalimumab (another monoclonal antibody for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis).
Slovenian: V tretji študiji s 369 bolniki so zdravilo Kevzara primerjali z zdravilno učinkovino adalimumab (drugim monoklonskim protitelesom za zdravljenje revmatoidnega artritisa).
English: Kevzara is a medicine for treating adults with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, a disease that causes inflammation of the joints.
Slovenian: Kevzara je zdravilo za zdravljenje odraslih z zmernim do hudim revmatoidnim artritisom, boleznijo, ki povzroča vnetje sklepov.
English: Interleukin-6 is involved in causing inflammation and is found at high levels in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Slovenian: Interlevkin-6 prispeva k vnetjem in se v velikih količinah nahaja v sklepih bolnikov z revmatoidnim artritisom.
English: Kevzara was shown to be of benefit to patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis whose condition did not improve adequately or who were intolerant to one or more DMARD medicines.
Slovenian: Izkazalo se je, da je zdravilo Kevzara koristilo bolnikom z zmernim do hudim revmatoidnim artritisom, pri katerih se stanje ni ustrezno izboljšalo ali ki ne prenašajo enega ali več zdravil DMARD.
English: By preventing interleukin-6 from attaching to its receptors, sarilumab reduces inflammation and other symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
Slovenian: Sarilumab preprečuje interlevkinu-6, da se veže na svoje receptorje in tako blaži simptome, povezane z revmatoidnim artritisom.
English: How does Kevzara work?
Slovenian: Kako zdravilo Kevzara deluje?
English: Kevzara contains the active substance sarilumab.
Slovenian: Zdravilo Kevzara vsebuje zdravilno učinkovino sarilumab.
English: How is Kevzara used?
Slovenian: Kako se zdravilo Kevzara uporablja?
English: A second study involved 546 patients whose condition had not responded adequately to, or who could not take, a TNF-α inhibitor (another type of medicine for rheumatoid arthritis); all patients received Kevzara or placebo in combination with a DMARD.
Slovenian: Druga študija je vključevala 546 bolnikov, ki so jemali zaviralec TNF-α (drugo vrsto zdravila za revmatoidni artritis) in se njihovo stanje ni ustrezno izboljšalo oziroma ki ga niso smeli jemati.
English: *Relative Potency by a mice potency test compared to a reference vaccine that was shown efficacious in cattle.
Slovenian: * Relativna potenca pri testu potence pri miših v primerjavi z referenčnim cepivom, ki je bilo učinkovito pri govedu.
English: Whereas - The Committee considered the procedure under Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 for
Slovenian: Ker - je Odbor obravnaval postopek v skladu s členom 20 Uredbe (ES) št. 726/2004 za zdravilo
English: • The treatment should be intermittent and not continuous.
Slovenian: • Zdravljenje mora potekati z vmesnimi prekinitvami in ne kontinuirano.
English: OVERALL SUMMARY OF THE SCIENTIFIC EVALUATION
Slovenian: SPLOŠEN POVZETEK ZNANSTVENE OCENE ZDRAVILA
English: Following this request, the CHMP reviewed the available data on this safety issue, including post-marketing reports, data from nonclinical studies, clinical trials and epidemiological studies.
Slovenian: Na podlagi te zahteve je CHMP pregledal razpoložljive podatke v zvezi s tem vidikom varnosti, vključno s postmarketinškimi poročili, podatki iz nekliničnih raziskav, kliničnih raziskav in epidemioloških raziskav.