FrancophonIA/ELRC3.0 huggingface dataset:
English: Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antiemetics and antinauseants, serotonin (5HT3) antagonists, ATC code: A04AA02.
Slovenian: Farmakoterapevtska skupina: Antiemetiki in zdravila proti slabosti, antagonisti serotonina (5HT3), oznaka ATC: A04AA02.
English: Activities such as swimming, strenuous exercise or using a sauna should be avoided.
Slovenian: Izogiba naj se dejavnostim, kot so plavanje, naporna vadba ali uporaba savne.
English: As a precautionary measure, it is preferable to avoid the use of SANCUSO during pregnancy.
Slovenian: Iz previdnostnih razlogov se je med nosečnostjo uporabi zdravila SANCUSO bolje izogibati.
English: Contents of the pack and other information What SANCUSO contains
Slovenian: Vsebina pakiranja in dodatne informacije Kaj vsebuje zdravilo SANCUSO
English: Other ingredients: acrylate-vinylacetate copolymer, polyester, siliconised polyester.
Slovenian: Druge sestavine: akrilno-vinilacetatni kopolimer, poliester, silikonizirani poliester.
English: In a clinical study designed to assess granisetron exposure from SANCUSO in subjects with differing levels of body fat, using BMI as a surrogate measure for body fat, no differences were seen in the plasma pharmacokinetics of SANCUSO in male and female subjects with a low BMI [<19.5 kg/m2 (males), <18.5 kg/m2 (females)] and a high BMI (30.0 to 39.9 kg/m2 inclusive) compared to a control group (BMI 20.0 to 24.9 kg/m2inclusive).
Slovenian: V klinični študiji, zasnovani za ocenjevanje izpostavljenosti granisetronu iz zdravila SANCUSO pri osebah z različnimi deleži telesne maščobe, pri čemer so kot nadomestno mero za telesno maščobo uporabili BMI, niso našli razlik v plazemski farmakokinetiki zdravila SANCUSO pri moških in ženskih preiskovancih z majhnim BMI [<19,5 kg/m2 (moški), <18,5 kg/m2 (ženske)] in velikim BMI (30,0 do vključno 39,9 kg/m2) v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino (BMI 20,0 do vključno 24,9 kg/m2).
English: An assessment of transdermal patch adhesion in 621 patients receiving either active or placebo transdermal patches showed that less than 1% of transdermal patches became detached over the course of the 7 day period of transdermal patch application.
Slovenian: Pregled prilepljenosti transdermalnih obližev pri 621 bolnikih, ki so prejeli aktivne transdermalne obliže ali obliže s placebom, je pokazal, da se je v 7-dnevnem obdobju uporabe transdermalnih obližev odlepilo manj kot 1 % transdermalnih obližev.
English: SANCUSO has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.
Slovenian: Zdravilo SANCUSO nima vpliva ali ima zanemarljiv vpliv na sposobnost vožnje in upravljanja s stroji.
English: Granisetron is distributed with a mean volume of distribution of approximately 3 l/kg.
Slovenian: Granisetron se porazdeli s srednjim porazdelitvenim volumnom približno 3 l/kg.
English: If you use more SANCUSO than you should
Slovenian: Če ste uporabili večji odmerek zdravila SANCUSO, kot bi smeli
English: Non-inferiority of SANCUSO versus oral granisetron was confirmed, with complete control (CC) achieved in 60.2% of patients in the SANCUSO arm and 64.8% of patients receiving oral granisetron in the per protocol set (difference -4.89%; 95% confidence interval -12.91% to +3.13%; n=284 transdermal patch, n=298 oral).
Slovenian: Potrdili so neinferiornost zdravila SANCUSO v primerjavi s peroralnim granisetronom, popolno kontrolo (CC) so dosegli pri 60,2 % bolnikov v kraku z zdravilom SANCUSO in 64,8 % bolnikov, ki so prejemali peroralni granisetron v skupini po protokolu (razlika -4.89 %; 95-odstotni interval zaupanja -12.91 % do +3,13 %; n=284 transdermalni obliž, n=298 peroralno).
English: - Do not cut the transdermal patch into smaller pieces.
Slovenian: - Ne režite transdermalnega obliža na manjše kose.
English: In vitro studies using human microsomes indicate that granisetron neither stimulates nor inhibits the cytochrome P450 enzyme system.
Slovenian: Študije in vitro na humanih mikrosomih kažejo, da granisetron niti ne spodbuja niti ne zavira encimskega sistema citokroma P450.
English: In patients with renal failure or hepatic impairment, the pharmacokinetics of granisetron were determined following a single 40 µg/kg intravenous dose of granisetron hydrochloride.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih z odpovedjo ledvic ali okvaro jeter so farmakokinetiko granisetrona ugotavljali po enem samem intravenskem odmerku 40 µg/kg granisetronijevega klorida.
English: As granisetron is metabolised by hepatic cytochrome P450 active substance-metabolising enzymes (CYP1A1 and CYP3A4), inducers or inhibitors of these enzymes may change the clearance and, hence, the half-life of granisetron.
Slovenian: Ker granisetron presnavljajo encimi citokroma P450 v jetrih, ki presnavljajo učinkovine (CYP1A1 in CYP3A4), lahko spodbujevalci ali zaviralci teh encimov spremenijo očistek in s tem razpolovni čas granisetrona.
English: Bend the transdermal patch in the middle and remove one half of the rigid plastic film.
Slovenian: Upognite transdermalni obliž v sredini in odstranite eno polovico čvrste plastične podloge.
English: - However, the transdermal patch may become partially unstuck.
Slovenian: Se pa transdermalni obliž lahko deloma odlepi.
English: It is not known how activities such as swimming, strenuous exercise or using a sauna or whirlpool, may affect this medicine.
Slovenian: Ni znano, kako bi nekatere dejavnosti, na primer plavanje, naporna vadba ali uporaba savne ali masažnih bazenov, utegnile vplivati na to zdravilo.
English: Based on the measure of residual content of the transdermal patch after removal, approximately 65% of granisetron is delivered resulting in an average daily dose of 3.1 mg per day.
Slovenian: Če za merilo uporabimo rezidualno vsebnost transdermalnega obliža po odstranitvi, se v telo absorbira okrog 65 % granisetrona, kar pomeni povprečni odmerek 3,1 mg na dan.
English: In studies in healthy subjects, no evidence of any interaction has been indicated between granisetron and benzodiazepines (lorazepam), neuroleptics (haloperidol) or anti-ulcer medicinal products (cimetidine).
Slovenian: V študijah na zdravih preiskovancih niso našli znakov medsebojnega delovanja med granisetronom in benzodiazepini (lorazepam), nevroleptiki (haloperidol) ali zdravili proti želodčni razjedi (cimetidin).
English: The active substance in SANCUSO is granisetron, which belongs to a group of medicines called antiemetics and antinauseants.
Slovenian: Učinkovina v zdravilu SANCUSO je granisetron, ki pripada skupini zdravil, ki se imenujejo antiemetiki in zdravila proti slabosti.
English: Following consecutive application of two SANCUSO transdermal patches in healthy subjects, each for seven days, granisetron levels were maintained over the study period with evidence of minimal accumulation.
Slovenian: Po zaporedni uporabi dveh transdermalnih obližev zdravila SANCUSO pri zdravih osebah, vsakega za sedem dni, se je koncentracija granisetrona v času opazovanja vzdrževala z znaki minimalnega kopičenja.
English: Skin reactions at the site of application, such as irritation, itching or redness are uncommon and may affect up to 1 in 100 people.
Slovenian: Kožne reakcije na mestu aplikacije, na primer draženje, srbenje ali rdečina, se pojavljajo občasno, pri 1 od 100 ljudi.
English: The effect of SANCUSO on QTc interval was specifically evaluated in a blinded, randomised, parallel, placebo and positive (moxifloxacin) controlled thorough QTc trial with SANCUSO in 240 adult male and female subjects.
Slovenian: Učinek zdravila SANCUSO na interval QTc so posebej ocenili v slepem, randomiziranem, vzporednem, temeljitem preskušanju QTc, kontroliranim s placebom in pozitivno kontrolo (moksifloksacin), z zdravilom SANCUSO pri 240 odraslih preiskovankah in preiskovancih.
English: Although, the clinical relevance of this finding is not completely clear, patients should be advised to cover the transdermal patch application site if there is a risk of exposure to sunlight throughout the period of wear and for 10 days following its removal (see section 4.4).
Slovenian: Čeprav klinični pomen te ugotovitve ni popolnoma jasen, je treba bolnikom svetovati, naj mesto uporabe transdermalnega obliža pokrivajo, če obstaja nevarnost izpostavljanja sončni svetlobi, in sicer ves čas obdobja nošenja obliža in še 10 dni po njegovi odstranitvi (glejte poglavje
English: Do not use this medicine if you are pregnant unless your doctor has specifically recommended it. Stop breast-feeding while wearing the patch.
Slovenian: Ne uporabljajte tega zdravila, če ste noseči, razen če vam ga je vaš zdravnik posebej priporočil.
English: Assessment of serial ECGs in patients showed no QT prolongation and no change in ECG morphology.
Slovenian: Pregled zaporednih EKG-jev pri bolnikih ni pokazal niti podaljšanja intervala QT niti sprememb morfologije EKG.
English: There are no data on the use of granisetron in pregnant women.
Slovenian: O uporabi granisetrona pri nosečnicah ni podatkov.
English: While application of the heat pad was associated with a minor and transient increase in the transdermal patch flux during the period of heat pad application, no overall increase in granisetron exposure was observed when compared to a control group.
Slovenian: Medtem ko je bila uporaba ogrevalne blazine povezana z manjšim prehodnim zvečanjem toka zdravila iz transdermalnega obliža v obdobju uporabe ogrevalne blazine, niso opazili nikakršnega celotnega zvečanja izpostavljenosti granisetronu v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino.
English: Oral granisetron was administered daily for the duration of the chemotherapy regimen, one hour prior to each dose of chemotherapy.
Slovenian: Peroralni granisetron so dajali vsak dan v času trajanja kemoterapevtske sheme, eno uro pred vsakim odmerkom kemoterapije.
English: Backing layer Polyester
Slovenian: Podloga poliester
English: What you need to know before you use SANCUSO Do not use SANCUSO:
Slovenian: Kaj morate vedeti, preden boste uporabili zdravilo SANCUSO Ne uporabljajte zdravila SANCUSO
English: If required, use surgical bandages or medical adhesive tape to keep the transdermal patch in place.
Slovenian: Če je potrebno, za pritrditev transdermalnega obliža uporabite kirurško obvezo ali medicinski lepilni trak.
English: Patients who are being treated with moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy may still experience vomiting despite treatment with antiemetic therapy, including SANCUSO.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih, ki se zdravijo z zmerno ali močno emetogeno kemoterapijo, se lahko še vedno pojavlja bruhanje kljub zdravljenju z antiemetiki, med drugim tudi z zdravilom SANCUSO.
English: Try to avoid wearing the transdermal patch in water for long periods of time.
Slovenian: Ne nosite transdermalnega obliža v vodi dalj časa.
English: There is no clinical trial experience with SANCUSO and patients on chemotherapy for less than 3 consecutive days, or over multiple cycles of chemotherapy, or with high-dose chemotherapy prior to stem-cell transplantation.
Slovenian: Ni izkušenj iz kliničnih preskušanj z zdravilom SANCUSO pri bolnikih, ki so prejemali kemoterapijo manj kot 3 zaporedne dni ali so prejeli več ciklov kemoterapije oziroma visoke odmerke kemoterapije pred presaditvijo matičnih celic.
English: When tested for potential photogenotoxicity in vitro in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line, granisetron increased the percentage of cells with chromosome damage following photoirradiation.
Slovenian: Pri testiranju glede možne fotogenotoksičnosti in vitro na celični liniji ovarija kitajskega hrčka (CHO) je granisetron zvečal odstotni delež celic z okvarami kromosomov po fotoiradiaciji.
English: In clinical interaction studies, aprepitant did not have clinically important effects on the pharmacokinetics of granisetron.
Slovenian: V kliničnih študijah medsebojnega delovanja aprepitant ni imel klinično pomembnih učinkov na farmakokinetiko granisetrona.
English: In particular, tell your doctor or nurse if you are taking the following medicines: - Paracetamol, used to treat pain.
Slovenian: Še posebno povejte svojemu zdravniku ali farmacevtu, če jemljete naslednja zdravila: - paracetamol, ki se uporablja za blaženje bolečine, - fenobarbital, ki se uporablja za zdravljenje epilepsije, - ketokonazol, ki se uporablja za zdravljenje glivičnih okužb.
English: After removing the transdermal patch
Slovenian: Po odstranitvi transdermalnega obliža
English: If this is not possible, a new transdermal patch should be applied on the opposite arm.
Slovenian: Če to ni mogoče, je treba nov transdermalni obliž namestiti na drugo nadlaket.
English: Fold the used transdermal patch in half with the sticky side inwards and dispose of it safely, out of the reach of children.
Slovenian: Prepognite rabljeni transdermalni obliž na pol z lepljivo stranjo navznoter in ga varno zavrzite, zunaj dosega otrok.
English: If reattachment is not possible or the transdermal patch is damaged, a new transdermal patch should be applied in the same position as the original transdermal patch.
Slovenian: Če obliža ni mogoče spet pritrditi ali če je poškodovan, je treba na isto mesto kot originalni transdermalni obliž nalepiti nov transdermalni obliž.
English: After removing the transdermal patch you may find some sticky material is left on your skin.
Slovenian: Po odstranitvi transdermalnega obliža lahko opazite, da je na koži ostalo nekaj lepljive snovi.
English: Population PK modelling has confirmed the absence of a gender effect on the pharmacokinetics of SANCUSO.
Slovenian: Modeliranje populacijske farmakokinetike je potrdilo odsotnost vpliva spola na farmakokinetiko zdravila SANCUSO.
English: In a clinical study no differences were seen in the plasma pharmacokinetics of SANCUSO in male and female elderly subjects (≥ 65 years) compared with younger subjects (aged 18-45 years inclusive).
Slovenian: V klinični študiji niso našli nobenih razlik v plazemski farmakokinetiki zdravila SANCUSO pri starejših osebah (≥ 65 let) obeh spolov v primerjavi z mlajšimi preiskovanci (starimi 18 do vključno 45 let).
English: Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that granisetron is effective against nausea and vomiting as a result of cytostatic therapy.
Slovenian: Farmakološke študije so pokazale, da granisetron učinkuje proti navzei in bruhanju, ki sta posledica citostatične terapije.
English: The transdermal patch is contained in a sachet.
Slovenian: Transdermalni obliž je pakiran v vrečici.
English: Due to the gradual increase in plasma levels of granisetron following application of the transdermal patch, initial plasma levels at the start of chemotherapy may be lower than 2 mg oral granisetron and a slower onset of efficacy may therefore be observed.
Slovenian: Zaradi postopnega naraščanja plazemske koncentracije granisetrona po namestitvi transdermalnega obliža so lahko začetne koncentracije granisetrona v plazmi v začetku kemoterapije nižje kot pri 2miligramskem peroralnem granisetronu in zato lahko opažamo počasnejši nastop učinkovitosti.
English: Breast-feeding should be discontinued during treatment with SANCUSO.
Slovenian: Med zdravljenjem z zdravilom SANCUSO je treba prenehati z dojenjem.
English: What SANCUSO is and what it is used for What you need to know before you use SANCUSO How to use SANCUSO
Slovenian: Kaj je zdravilo SANCUSO in za kaj ga uporabljamo Kaj morate vedeti, preden boste uporabili zdravilo SANCUSO Kako uporabljati zdravilo SANCUSO Možni neželeni učinki
English: Side effects with a frequency not known (cannot be estimated from available data): - allergic skin reactions.
Slovenian: Neželeni učinki z neznano pogostnostjo (ni je mogoče oceniti iz razpoložljivih podatkov) so:
English: Anti-emetic activity was assessed from the first administration until 24 hours after the start of the last day's administration of the ME or HE chemotherapy regimen.
Slovenian: Antiemetično učinkovitost so ocenjevali od prvega odmerka do 24 ur po začetku dajanja ME ali HE kemoterapevtske sheme zadnjega dne.
English: It is unknown whether granisetron or its metabolites are excreted in human milk.
Slovenian: Ni znano, ali se granisetron/presnovki izločajo v materino mleko.
English: In a study designed to assess the effect of heat on the transdermal delivery of granisetron from SANCUSO in healthy subjects, a heat pad generating an average temperature of 42°C was applied over the transdermal patch for 4 hours each day over the 5 day period of wear.
Slovenian: V študiji, zasnovani za ocenjevanje vpliva toplote na transdermalno prejeti odmerek granisterona iz zdravila SANCUSO pri zdravih preiskovancih, so na transdermalni obliž namestili ogrevalno blazino, ki je generirala povprečno temperaturo 42 °C za 4 ure na vsakega od 5 dni, toliko dolgo so preiskovanci nosili obliž.
English: There have been reports of serotonin syndrome with the use of 5-HT3 antagonists either alone, but mostly in combination with other serotonergic medicinal products (including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
Slovenian: O serotoninskem sindromu so poročali pri uporabi antagonistov 5-HT3 samih, predvsem pa v kombinaciji z drugimi serotoninergičnimi zdravili (vključno s selektivnimi zaviralci ponovnega privzema serotonina (SSRI) ter zaviralci ponovnega privzema serotonina in noradrenalina (SNRI)).
English: Remove the transdermal patch and tell your doctor if you notice a serious skin reaction (if your skin is very red, itchy or you notice any blisters).
Slovenian: Odstranite transdermalni obliž in obvestite svojega zdravnika, če opazite resno kožno reakcijo (če koža postane močno rdeča, srbeča ali opazite kakšne mehurje).
English: In clinical studies conducted with SANCUSO, clearance in cancer patients was shown to be approximately half that of healthy subjects.
Slovenian: V kliničnih študijah, opravljenih z zdravilom SANCUSO, je bil očistek pri bolnikih z rakom približno dvakrat manjši kot pri zdravih preiskovancih.
English: - There is no information on the effect on the transdermal patch of activities such as strenuous exercise or the use of sauna or whirlpools; therefore, you should avoid these activities while wearing this transdermal patch.
Slovenian: - Ni podatkov o vplivu (fizičnih) aktivnosti, kot so na primer naporna vadba ali uporabe savne ali masažnih bazenov, na transdermalni obliž; zato se takrat, ko nosite obliž, izogibajte tem dejavnostim.
English: Alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, gamma-glutamyltransferase increased
Slovenian: Bolezni jeter, žolčnika in žolčevodov zvišana alanin-aminotransferaza, zvišana aspartat-aminotransferaza, zvišana gama-glutamiltransferaza občasni
English: In patients with hepatic impairment due to neoplastic liver involvement, total plasma clearance was approximately halved compared to patients without hepatic impairment.
Slovenian: Pri bolnikih z okvaro jeter zaradi neoplastične prizadetosti jeter je bil celoten plazemski očistek v primerjavi z bolniki brez okvare jeter približno dvakrat manjši.
English: Co-administration of intravenous 5-HT3 receptor antagonists with oral paracetamol in human subjects has been reported to result in a block in the analgesic effect via a pharmacodynamic mechanism.
Slovenian: Poročali so, da pri preiskovancih sočasno intravensko dajanje antagonistov 5-HT3 s peroralnim paracetamolom povzroči blokiranje analgetičnega učinka preko farmakodinamskega mehanizma.
English: SANCUSO is a transdermal (skin) patch used to prevent nausea (feeling sick) and vomiting (being sick) in adults receiving chemotherapy treatments (medicines to treat cancer) lasting 3 to 5 days and who have difficulty swallowing tablets (for example due to soreness, dryness or inflammation of the mouth or throat).
Slovenian: Zdravilo SANCUSO je transdermalni (kožni) obliž in se uporablja za preprečevanje navzee (siljenja na bruhanje) in bruhanja pri odraslih, ki prejemajo terapijo s kemoterapevtiki (zdravil za zdravljenje raka), v trajanju od 3 do 5 dni, in le stežka požirajo tablete (ker imajo usta ali žrelo na primer občutljivo, suho ali vneto).
English: - The other ingredients are: - Transdermal patch adhesive: acrylate-vinylacetate copolymer - Backing layer: polyester - Rigid plastic film: siliconised polyester
Slovenian: - Druge sestavine zdravila so: - Lepilo transdermalnega obliža: akrilno-vinilacetatni kopolimer - Podloga: poliester - Čvrsta plastična podloga: silikonizirani poliester
English: Remove the second half of the rigid plastic film and press the whole transdermal patch firmly in place with your fingers and smooth down.
Slovenian: Odstranite drugo polovico čvrste plastične podloge in čvrsto pritisnite ves transdermalni obliž na izbrano mesto s prsti in ga zgladite.
English: - if you are allergic to granisetron or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6) - if you are allergic to any other anti-sickness medicines whose name ends in “setron” e.g. ondansetron.
Slovenian: - če ste alergični na granisetron ali katero koli sestavino tega zdravila (navedeno v poglavju 6); - če ste alergični na katera koli druga zdravila za preprečevanje siljenju na bruhanje in bruhanja,
English: In a pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers, where SANCUSO was applied for a period of 7 days, mean total exposure (AUC0-infinity) was 416 ng h/ml (range 55 - 1192 ng h/ml), with a between subject variability of 89%.
Slovenian: V farmakokinetični študiji pri zdravih prostovoljcih, ki so jim dajali zdravilo SANCUSO v obdobju 7 dni, je bila srednja celotna izpostavljenost (AUC0-∞) 416 ng h/ml (razpon 55 - 1192 ng h/ml), variabilnost med preiskovanci je bila 89 %.
English: The medicine in the transdermal patch passes gradually through your skin into your body and, therefore, the patch is applied 1 to 2 days (24 to 48 hours) before the start of chemotherapy treatment.
Slovenian: Učinkovina iz transdermalnega obliža prehaja skozi kožo v telo postopoma, zato je treba namestiti obliž 1 do 2 dni (24 do 48 ur) pred začetkom zdravljenja s kemoterapevtiki.
English: The area you choose should not be oily, recently shaved or have any skin problems such as being injured (cut or scraped) or irritated (redness or a rash).
Slovenian: Predel, ki ga izberete, naj ne bo masten ali pred nedavnim obrit, na njem naj ne bo kožnih sprememb, na primer poškodb (vreznin ali prask) ali vnetja (rdečina ali izpuščaj).
English: The effects of gender on the pharmacokinetics of SANCUSO have not been specifically studied.
Slovenian: Vpliva spola na farmakokinetiko zdravila SANCUSO niso posebej proučevali.
English: It is important to do the following: - while you wear the transdermal patch, keep it covered with clothing if you will be in sunlight or near a sunlamp, including tanning beds - keep the skin where this medicine was applied covered for another 10 days after the transdermal patch is taken off to protect from exposure to direct sunlight.
Slovenian: Pomembno je, da naredite tole: - tačas, ko nosite transdermalni obliž, ga pokrijte z obleko, če boste na soncu, v solariju ali ležečem solariju; - koža, kjer je bil prilepljen obliž s tem zdravilom, naj bo pokrita še 10 dni po odstranitvi obliža,
English: Showering or washing normally can be continued while wearing SANCUSO.
Slovenian: Bolnik lahko normalno nadaljuje s tuširanjem in z umivanjem, ko uporablja obliž SANCUSO.
English: It is important to use this medicinal product as instructed by your doctor to prevent you feeling sick or being sick following your chemotherapy.
Slovenian: Pomembno je, da uporabljate to zdravilo tako, kot vam je naročil zdravnik, da vam po kemoterapiji ne bo slabo in ne boste bruhali.
English: If you forget to use SANCUSO
Slovenian: Če ste pozabili uporabiti zdravilo SANCUSO
English: SANCUSO transdermal patch is indicated in adults for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy, for a planned duration of 3 to 5 consecutive days, where oral anti-emetic administration is complicated by factors making swallowing difficult (see section 5.1).
Slovenian: Transdermalni obliž SANCUSO je indiciran pri odraslih za preprečevanje navzee in bruhanja, ki sta povezana z zmerno ali močno emetogeno kemoterapijo, za katero je predvideno, da traja 3 do 5 zaporednih dni, pri bolnikih, pri katerih je uporaba antiemetikov otežena zaradi dejavnikov, ki otežujejo požiranje (glejte poglavje 5.1).