FrancophonIA/ELRC3.0 huggingface dataset:
English: PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Maltese: 5. PROPRJETAJIET FARMAKOLOĠIĊI Propjetajiet farmakodinamiċi
English: Renal clearance of zidovudine is estimated to be 0.34 l/h/kg, indicating glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion by the kidneys.
Maltese: It-tneħħija stmata ta' zidovudine mill-kliewi hi 0.34 l/h/kg, li tindika filtrazzjoni glomerulari u tiġmigħ tubulari attiv fil-kliewi.
English: Treatment with zidovudine should be discontinued in the setting of symptomatic hyperlactatemia and metabolic/lactic acidosis, progressive hepatomegaly, or rapidly elevating aminotransferase levels.
Maltese: Kura b'zidovudine għandha titwaqqaf meta jkun hemm bidu ta' hyperlactatemia u aċidożi metabolika/lattika, epatomegalija progressiva, jew għoli f'salt fil-livelli ta' aminotransferase.
English: HLA-B*5701 is the only identified pharmacogenetic marker that is consistently associated with clinical diagnosis of an ABC HSR reaction.
Maltese: Testjar Farmakoġenetiku HLA-B*5701huwa l-uniku indikatur farmakoġenetiku identifikatli huwa assoċjat b'mod konsistenti ma' dijanjosi klinika ta' reazzjoni ABC
English: Anaemia, neutropenia and leucopenia (usually secondary to neutropenia) can be expected to occur in patients receiving zidovudine.
Maltese: Anemija, newtropenja u lewkopenja (normalment sekondarji għan-newtropenja) jistgħu ikunu mistennija li jseħħu f'pazjenti li qed jieħdu zidovudine.
English: Patients should be regularly assessed for signs of lipoatrophy during therapy with zidovudine and zidovudine-containing products (Combivir and Trizivir).
Maltese: Il-pazjenti għandhom jiġu evalwati b'mod regolari għal sinjali ta' lipoatrofija matul terapija b'zidovudine u bi prodotti li fihom zidovudine (Combivir u Trizivir).
English: Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Common: cough, nasal symptoms
Maltese: Disturbi respiratorji, toraċiċi u medjastinali Komuni: sogħla, sintomi fl-imnieħer
English: The clinical relevance of this is unknown.
Maltese: Ir-rilevanza klinika ta' dan mhix magħrufa.
English: Trizivir 300 mg/150 mg/300 mg film-coated tablets abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine
Maltese: Trizivir 300 mg/150 mg/300 mg pilloli abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine
English: Relevant examples are cytomegalovirus retinitis, generalised and/or focal mycobacterium infections, and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
Maltese: Eżempji relevanti jinkludu retinite b'cytomegalovirus, infezzjonijiet lokali jew mifruxa b'mycobacterium, u pnewmonjab'Pneumocvstis jirovecii.
English: Zidovudine AUC ↑43% Methadone AUC ↔
Maltese: L-AUC ta' Zidovudine ↑43% L-AUC ta' Methadone ↔
English: Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Common: arthralgia, muscle disorders
Maltese: Komuni: artralġja, disturbi fil-muskoli
English: Zidovudine plasma protein binding is 34 % to 38 %.
Maltese: It-tagħqid ta' proteina tal-plażma f'zidovudine hu 34 % sa 38 %.
English: Rifampicin/Zidovudine (600mg once daily/200 mg thrice daily)
Maltese: Rifampicin/Zidovudine (600mg darba kuljum/200 mg tliet darbiet kuljum)
English: Immune system disorders Common: hypersensitivity Metabolism and nutrition disorders Common: anorexia Very Rare : lactic acidosis
Maltese: Disturbi fil-metaboliżmu u n-nutrizzjoni Komuni: anoressija
English: Tel: + 34 902 051 260
Maltese: Laboratorios ViiV Healthcare, S.L. Tel: + 34 902 051 260
English: Abbreviations: ↑ = Increase; ↓=decrease; ↔= no significant change; AUC=area under the concentration versus time curve; Cmax=maximum observed concentration; CL/F=apparent oral clearance
Maltese: Taqsiriet ↑ =Żieda; ↓=tnaqqis; ↔= l-ebda tibdil sinifikanti; AUC=l-erja taħt il-kurva tal konċentrazzjoni mal-ħin; Cmax=l-ogħla konċentrazzjoni osservata;
English: In a pharmacokinetic study in HIV-1 infected patients, the steady state pharmacokinetic parameters of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine were similar when either Trizivir alone or the combination tablet lamivudine/zidovudine and abacavir in combination were administered, and also similar to the values obtained in the bioequivalence study of Trizivir in healthy volunteers.
Maltese: Fi studju farmakokinetiku ta' pazjenti infettati bl-HIV-1, il-parametri farmakokinetiċi fi stat stabbli ta' abacavir, lamivudine u zidovudine kienu l-istess meta jew Trizivir waħdu jew il-pillola bit-taħlita lamivudine/zidovudine u abacavir ingħataw flimkien, u anki l-istess bħall-valuri miksuba fi studju bioekwivalenti ta' Trizivir fuq voluntieri f'saħħithom.
English: The systemic exposures were equivalent to 7 to 24 times the expected systemic exposure in humans.
Maltese: L-esponimenti sistemiċi kienu ekwivalenti għal minn 7 sa 24 darba ta' l-esponiment sistemiku mistenni fil-bniedem.
English: • if you have severe kidney problems
Maltese: • jekk għandek xi problemi serji fil-kliewi
English: Probenecid/Zidovudine (500 mg four times daily/2mg/kg thrice daily)
Maltese: Probenecid/Zidovudine (500 mg erba' darbiet kuljum/2mg/kg tliet darbiet kuljum)
English: Additionally, dose adjustment of zidovudine may be required if severe anaemia or myelosuppression occurs during treatment with Trizivir, or in patients with pre-existing bone marrow compromise e.g. haemoglobin < 9 g/dl (5.59 mmol/l) or neutrophil count < 1.0 x 109/l (see section 4.2).
Maltese: kellhom xi kondizzjoni mhux daqshekk tajba fil-mudullun ta' l-għadam eż. emoglobina < 9 g/dl (5.59 mmol/l) jew għadd ta' neutrophil< 1.0 x 109/l (ara sezzjoni 4.2) .
English: As only limited data available the clinical significance is unknown.
Maltese: Minħabba li hija disponibbli biss dejta limitata s-sinifikat kliniku mhuwiex magħruf.
English: Plasma protein binding studies in vitro indicate that abacavir binds only low to moderately (~ 49 %) to human plasma proteins at therapeutic concentrations.
Maltese: Studji dwar tagħqid ta' proteina ta' plażma in vitro jindikaw li abacavir jingħaqad ftit jew moderatament ( ~ 49 %) ma' proteini ta' plażma umana f'konċentrazzjonijiet terapewtiċi.
English: When do these reactions happen?
Maltese: Kien hemm rapporti ta'
English: Corresponding values for Cmin could not be established for abacavir and are 0.14 µg/ml (70 %) for lamivudine and 0.01 µg/ml (64 %) for zidovudine.
Maltese: L-istess valuri għall-Cmin ma setgħux ikunu stabbiliti għal abacavir u huma 0.14 μg/ml (70 %) għal lamivudine u 0.01 μg/ml (64 %) għal zidovudine.
English: Most patients experiencing virological failure with a regimen containing abacavir in a pivotal clinical trial with Combivir (fixed dose combination of lamivudine and zidovudine) showed either no NRTI-related changes from baseline (15 %) or only M184V or M184I selection (78 %).
Maltese: Ħafna millpazjenti li esperjenzaw falliment viroloġiku, fi studju kliniku prinċipali b'Combivir (kumbinazzjoni ta' doża fissa ta' lamivudine u zidovudine), b'sistema ta' kura li fiha abacavir jew ma wrew l-ebda bidla relatata ma' NRTI mill-livell bażiku (15 %) jew inkella selezzjoni ta' M184V jew M184I biss (78 %).
English: The clinical relevance of this finding has not been determined.
Maltese: Ir-rilevanza klinika ta' din is-sejba ma ġietx determinata.
English: Abacavir is primarily metabolised by the liver.
Maltese: Abacavir huma primarjament metabolizzat mill-fwied.
English: Each film-coated tablet contains: abacavir 300 mg (as sulfate) lamivudine 150 mg zidovudine 300 mg
Maltese: Kull pillola miksija b'rita jkun fiha 300 mg abacavir (bħala sulfate), 150 mg lamivudine u 300 mg zidovudine
English: Number of Subjects Number of Virological Failures Number of On-Therapy Genotypes K65R L74V Y115F M184V/I TAMs1 1.
Maltese: L74V Y115F M184V/I
English: Key elements included in the educational material to increase understanding and awareness of ABC HSR and expand on the information already included in the currently approved EU SPC:
Maltese: HSR u biex jespandu l-informazzjoni diġà inkluża fl-SPC tal-UE approvatbħalissa:
English: Film-coated tablet (tablet).
Maltese: terapija antiretrovirali kombinata (CART) fit-tul.
English: Patients with pre-existing liver dysfunction including chronic active hepatitis have an increased frequency of liver function abnormalities during combination antiretroviral therapy and should be monitored according to standard practice.
Maltese: Pazjenti li minn qabel kienu jbatu minn funzjonament ħażin tal-fwied, inkluża l-epatite attiva kronika ikollhom żieda fil-frekwenza ta' anormalitajiet fil-funzjonament tal-fwied waqt terapija antiretrovirali kombinata u għandhom jiġu monitorati skond il-prattika normali.
English: Neither abacavir, lamivudine nor zidovudine is mutagenic in bacterial tests, but consistent with other nucleoside analogues, they inhibit cellular DNA replication in in vitro mammalian tests such as the mouse lymphoma assay.
Maltese: La abacavir, la lamivudine u l-anqas zidovudine m'huma mutaġeniċi f'testijiet ta' batterji, imma bħal ma jiġri b'analogi nuklejosidi oħra, huma jimpedixxu r-replikazzjoni tad-DNA taċ-ċelluli f'testijiet mammali in vitro bħall-analiżi ta' limfoma fil-ġurdien.
English: The systemic exposure at the no effect level in mice and rats was equivalent to 3 and 7 times the human systemic exposure during therapy.
Maltese: L-esponiment sistemiku f'livell ta' bla effett fi ġrieden u firien kien ekwivalenti għal minn 3 sa 7 darbiet ta' esponiment sistemiku fil bniedem waqt terapija.
English: Uncommon: neutropenia, anaemia (both occasionally severe), thrombocytopenia Very rare: pure red cell aplasia
Maltese: Mhux komuni:newtropenja, anemija (it-tnejn kultant qawwijin) tromboċitopenja Rari ħafna: aplasia ta' ċelluli ħomor puri
English: Tablet Coating:
Maltese: Kisja tal-Pillola:
English: It can be life-threatening, causing failure of internal organs.
Maltese: Tista' tkun ta' periklu għall-ħajja, u tikkawża falliment fl-organi interni.
English: Trizivir can also cause:
Maltese: Trizivir jista' wkoll jikkawża:
English: Interactions involving binding site displacement are not anticipated with Trizivir.
Maltese: Interazzjonijiet li jinvolvu spostament fis-sit mhumiex antiċipati b'Trizivir.
English: Detailed information on this medicinal product is available on the website of the European Medicines Agency http://www.ema.europa.eu
Maltese: Informazzjoni dettaljata dwar dan il-prodott mediċinali tinsab fuq is-sit elettroniku tal-Agenzija Ewropea għall-Mediċini http://www.ema.europa.eu
English: EXP
Maltese: ABC.
English: The concomitant use of stavudine with zidovudine should be avoided (see section 4.5).
Maltese: Għandu jiġi evitat l-użu flimkien ta' stavudine u zidovudine (ara sezzjoni 4.5)
English: Very rarely cases of erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported where abacavir hypersensitivity could not be ruled out.
Maltese: eritemamultiforme, is-sindromu ta' Stevens-Johnson jew nekroliżi epidermali tossika fejn ma setgħetx tiġi esklużasensittività eċċessiva għal abacavir.
English: In antiretroviral-naive patients treated with a combination of abacavir, lamivudine, zidovudine and efavirenz in a small, ongoing, open label pilot study, the proportion of patients with undetectable viral load (< 400 copies/ml) was approximately 90 % with 80 % having < 50 copies/ml after 24 weeks of treatment.
Maltese: F'pazjenti li ma jafux li qed jingħataw kura antiretrovirali b'kura ta' tagħqida ta' abacavir, lamivudine, zidovudine u efavirenz waqt studju pilota żgħir li għadu sejjer b'tikketta miftuħa, ilproporzjon ta' pazjenti b'piż virali li ma tinħassx (< 400 kopji/ml) kien madwar 90% bi 80% li kellhom < 50 kopji/ml wara kura ta' 24 ġimgħa.
English: A modest increase in Cmax (28 %) was observed for zidovudine when administered with lamivudine, however overall exposure (AUC) was not significantly altered.
Maltese: Żieda mhux kbira f' Cmax (28 %) ġiet osservata dwar zidovudine meta mogħti ma' lamivudine, biss l- AUC ta' esponiment kollu ma nbidilx notevolment.
English: • tiredness, lack of energy
Maltese: • għejja, nuqqas ta' enerġija
English: Psychiatric disorders
Maltese: Disturbi psikjatrċi
English: In a second study, mice were administered zidovudine at doses up to 40 mg/kg for 24 months, with exposure beginning prenatally on gestation day 10.
Maltese: Fit-tieni studju, il-ġrieden ingħataw dożi sa 40 mg/kg għal 24 xahar, b'esponiment li jkun beda qabel it-twelid fl-għaxar jum ta' ġestazzjoni.
English: There was no significant difference in the time to first virologic failure (p=0.73, log-rank test) between the 2 arms.
Maltese: Ma kienx hemm differenza kbira fiż-żmien għall-ewwel falliment viroloġiku (p=0.73 test log-rank) bejn iż-żewġ fergħat.
English: Lamivudine has not shown any genotoxic activity in the in vivo studies at doses that gave plasma concentrations up to 40 - 50 times higher than clinical plasma levels.
Maltese: Lamivudine ma weriex xi attivita' ġenotossika fl-istudji in vivo f'dożi b'konċentrazzjonijiet ta' plażma 40 - 50 darba aktar għolja mil-livelli kliniċi ta' plażma.
English: Abacavir is metabolised by UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) enzymes and alcohol dehydrogenase; co-administration of inducers or inhibitors of UGT enzymes or with compounds eliminated through alcohol dehydrogenase could alter abacavir exposure.
Maltese: Abacavir jiġi mmetabolizzat permezz tal-enzimi UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) u tal-alkoħol dehydrogenase; l-għoti tiegħu flimkien ma' indutturi jew impedituri tal-enzimi UGT jew flimkien ma' sustanzi li jitneħħew permezz tal-alkoħol dehydrogenase jista' jibdel l-esponiment għal abacavir.
English: Rash (usually maculopapular or urticarial)
Maltese: Raxx(ġeneralment makulopapulari jew urtikarjali)
English: It is important to read the information on the other side of this leaflet under ‘Other possible side effects of Trizivir'.
Maltese: Huwa mportanti li taqra l-informazzjoni fuq in-naħa l-oħra ta'dan il-fuljett taħt ‘Effetti sekondarji oħra possibli ta' Trizivir'.
English: All of these belong to a group of anti-retroviral medicines called nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).
Maltese: Dawn kollha jagħmlu parti minn grupp ta' mediċini anti-retrovirali li jissejħu inibituri ta' analogi tan-nukleosidi reverse transcriptase (NRTIs).
English: No antagonistic effects in vitro were seen with lamivudine and other antiretrovirals (tested agents: abacavir, didanosine and nevirapine).
Maltese: Ma deher ebda effett antagonistiku in vitro b'lamivudine u b'antiretrovirali oħrajn (aġenti ttestjati: didanosine, nevirapine).
English: The mean (CV) AUCs for abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine over a dosing interval of 12 hours are 6.39 µg.h/ml (31 %), 5.73 µg.h/ml (31 %) and 1.50 µg.h/ml (47 %), respectively.
Maltese: 73 µg.h/ml (31 %) u 1.5 μg.h/ml (47 %), rispettivament.
English: These may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people:
Maltese: Tel: ……………………….
English: There have been reports of mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV-negative infants exposed in utero and/or post-natally to nucleoside analogues; these have predominantly concerned treatment with regimens containing zidovudine.
Maltese: każi ta' funzjonament mitokondrjali ħażin fi trabi negattivi għall-HIV, li kienu esposti, in utero u/jew wara t-twelid, għal analogi tan-nukleosidi: dawn kienu predominantament jikkonċernaw kura b'korsijiet li fihom zidovudine.
English: Similarly, the presence of TAMs gives rise to resistance to ZDV.
Maltese: B'mod simili, il-presenza tat-TAMs tikawża reżistenza ghal ZDV.
English: Trizivir was shown to be bioequivalent to abacavir 300 mg, lamivudine 150 mg and zidovudine 300 mg given as separate tablets for AUC0-∞ and Cmax.
Maltese: Trizivir irriżulta li kien bioekwivalenti għal 300 mg abacavir, 150 mg lamivudine u 300 mg zidovudine mogħtija bħala pilloli separati għall-AUC00 u Cmax.
English: (Co-trimoxazole)/Lamivudine (160mg/800mg once daily for 5 days/300mg single dose)
Maltese: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Co-trimoxazole)/Lamivudine (160mg/800mg darba kuljum għal 5 ijiem/doża waħda ta'
English: The clinically relevant toxicological effects of these three medicinal products are anaemia, neutropenia and leucopenia.
Maltese: L-effetti tossikoloġiċi klinikament rilevanti ta' dawn it-tliet prodotti mediċinali huma l anemija, in-newtropenja u l-lewkopenja.
English: One year postnatally, there was an increase in the incidence of tumours in the lung, liver and female reproductive tract of offspring exposed to the highest dose level (420 mg/kg term body weight).
Maltese: Sena wara t-twelid, kien hemm żieda fl-inċidenza ta' tumuri fil-pulmun, fil-fwied u fil-passaġġ riproduttiv femminili tal-wild li kienu esposti għall-ogħla livell ta' doża (420 mg/kg piż tal-ġisem f'perjodu).
English: The adverse reactions reported with abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine are presented in Table 2.
Maltese: Ir-reazzjonijiet avversi rrappurtati b'abacavir, lamivudine u zidovudine jidhru fit-Tabella 1.
English: Some clinical findings also support a possible interaction between lamivudine and cladribine.
Maltese: Ċerti sejbiet kliniċi ukoll juru l-possibiltà ta' interazzjoni bejn lamivudine u cladribine.
English: There have been reports of mitochondrial dysfunction in HIVnegative infants exposed in utero and/or post-natally to nucleoside analogues (see section 4.4).
Maltese: Kien hemm rapporti ta' disfunzjoni tal-mitokondrija fi trabi negattivi għall-HIV li kienu esposti għal analogi ta' nuklejosidi fil-ġuf u/jew wara t-twelid (ara sezzjoni 4.4).
English: Tabulated list of adverse reactions reported with the individual substances
Maltese: Lista f'tabella ta' reazzjonijiet avversi rrapportati bis-sustanzi ndividwali
English: In vitro antagonism of anti-HIV activity between stavudine and zidovudine could result in decreased efficacy of both drugs.
Maltese: Antagoniżmu in vitro fl attività kontra l-HIV bejn stavudine u zidovudine jista'
English: Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to cause a variable degree of mitochondrial damage.
Maltese: Analogi ta' nuklejosidi u nuklejotidi ntwerew li jikkawżaw gradi differenti ta' ħsara fil mitokondrija in vitro u in vivo.
English: Some people taking Trizivir are more at risk of serious side effects.
Maltese: Xi persuni li jieħdu Trizivir huma aktar f'riskju ta' effetti sekondarji serji.
English: Anaemia, neutropenia and leucopenia occurred more frequently at higher doses (1,200-1,500 mg/day) and in patients with advanced HIV disease (especially when there is poor bone marrow reserve prior to treatment) and particularly in patients with CD4 cell counts less than 100/mm3.
Maltese: Anemija, newtropenja u lewkopenja seħħew aktar spiss b'doża għolja (1,200-1,500 mg kuljum) u f'pazjenti bil-disturbia ta' HIV avvanzata (speċjalment meta jkun hemm riżerva batuta ta' mudullun fl-għadam qabel tibda l-kura) u partikolarment f'pazjenti b'għadd ta' ċelluli CD4 inqas minn 100/mm3 .
English: See section 4.
Maltese: (ara t-taqsima 4.3).
English: Trizivir is used to treat HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in adults.
Maltese: Trizivir huwa indikat bħala trattament għal adulti kontra l-infezzjoni mill-Virus ta' l
English: These symptoms usually resolve upon discontinuation of abacavir.
Maltese: Dawn is-sintomi normalment imorru malli jitwaqqaf abacavir.
English: The other ingredients are microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycollate and magnesium stearate in the core of the tablet.
Maltese: Is-sustanzi l-oħra huma microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycollate u magnesium stearate fil-qalba tal-pillola.
English: Lipoatrophy
Maltese: ĊITOTOSSIĊI
English: • increase in an enzyme called amylase
Maltese: • żieda f'enżima tissejjaħ amylase
English: Lactic acidosis, usually associated with hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis, has been reported with the use of zidovudine .
Maltese: Aċidożi lattika, normalment assoċjata ma' epatomegalija u steatosi tal-fwied, ġiet rappurtata ma' użu ta' zidovudine.
English: Nervous system disorders Common: headache
Maltese: Disturbi fis-sistema nervuża Komuni: ugigħ ta' ras
English: Where discontinuation of therapy with one of the active substances of Trizivir is indicated, or where dose reduction is necessary separate preparations of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine are available.
Maltese: Meta jkun indikat li t-terapija bis-sustanzi attivi ta' Trizivir għandha titwaqqaf, jew meta jkun meħtieġ tnaqqis fid-doża jibqgħu disponibbli preparazzjonijiet separati ta' abacavir, lamivudine u zidovudine.
English: No conclusion can be drawn with regard to the teratogenic potential of abacavir because of this embryo-foetal toxicity.
Maltese: Ma tistax tinġibed konklużjoni dwar il-potenzjal teratoġeniku ta' abacavir minħabba din it-tossiċita' embrijo-fetali.
English: SIDE 2
Maltese: ANNESS II
English: A bioequivalence study compared Trizivir with abacavir 300 mg, lamivudine 150 mg and zidovudine 300 mg taken together.
Maltese: Studju ta' bioekwivalenza qabbel Trizivir ma' 300 mg abacavir, 150 mg lamivudine u 300 mg zidovudinemeħuda flimkien.
English: Observational studies have shown an association between myocardial infarction and the use of abacavir.
Maltese: Studji osservazzjonali urew assoċjazzjoni bejn infart mijokardiku u l-użu ta' abacavir.
English: You must carefully read all the information under ‘Hypersensitivity reactions' in the panel in Section 4.
Maltese: Għandek taqra sew l-informazzjoni kollha taħt ‘Reazzjonijiet ta' sensittivita' eċċessiva' fil pannell f'Sezzjoni 4.
English: The combination of lamivudine with cladribine is not-recommended (see section 4.5).
Maltese: It-taħlita ta' lamivudine ma' cladribine mhux rakkomandata. 4.5
English: The metabolites and unchanged abacavir account for about 83 % of the administered abacavir dose in the urine the remainder is eliminated in the faeces.
Maltese: Il-metaboliti u abacavir mhux mibdul ikopru madwar 83%
English: Early symptoms (symptomatic hyperlactatemia) include benign digestive symptoms (nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain), non-specific malaise, loss of appetite, weight loss, respiratory symptoms (rapid and/or deep breathing) or neurological symptoms (including motor weakness).
Maltese: Sintomi tal-bidu (hyperlactatemia sintomatika) jistgħu jkunu sintomi ta' diġestjoni (dardir, rimettar u uġigħ ta' żaqq), ma tħossokx f'siktek, nuqqas ta' aptit, nuqqas fil-piż, sintomi respiratorji ( nifs mgħaġġel u qawwi) jew sintomi newroloġiċi (inkluż mutur nevralġiku għajjien).
English: • skin rash, which may form blisters and looks like small targets (central dark spots surrounded by a paler area, with a dark ring around the edge) (erythema multiforme)
Maltese: • raxx fil-ġilda, li jista' jifforma nfafet u li jidher bħala targit żgħar (tikek skuri fiċ-ċentru imdawrin b'erja aktar ċara, b'ċirku skur madwar it-tarf) (eritema multiforme)
English: Before initiating abacavir therapy, clinicians should screen for HLA-B*5701.
Maltese: • Qabel ma tinbeda t-terapija għandu dejjem jiġi dokumentat l-istatus HLA-B*5701.
English: In any case, initiation of susceptible NRTIs should always be preferred to maintenance of lamivudine therapy.
Maltese: F'kull ċirkostanza, huwa dejjem preferibbli li jinbdew NRTI suxxettibli għal terapija regolari b'lamivudine.
English: Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine are all NRTIs, and are potent selective inhibitors of HIV-1 and HIV-2.All three medicinal products are metabolised sequentially by intracellular kinases to the respective 5′-triphosphate (TP).
Maltese: Abacavir, lamivudine u zidovudine huma kollha NRTIs, u huma inibituri selettivi ta' l-HIV-1 u l-HIV-2.Dawn it-tliet prodotti mediċinali huma kollha metabolizzati b'kinases intraċellulari għat-trifosfat (TP) 5'- rispettiv tagħhom. Lamivudine-TP, carbovir-TP (il-forma attiva tat- triphosphate ta' abacavir) u zidovudine-TP huma substrati għal, u inibituri kompetittivi ta', HIV reverse transcriptase (RT).
English: Signs of lactic acidosis include:
Maltese: Sinjali ta' aċidożi lattika jinkludu:
English: • Trizivir must be stopped without delay, even in the absence of the HLA-B*5701 allele, if an HSR is suspected.
Maltese: • Trizivir għandu jitwaqqaf mingħajr dewmien, anke fin-nuqqas tal-allel HLA-B*5701, jekk ikun hemm suspett ta' HSR.
English: Pharmacotherapeutic group
Maltese: Tagħrif farmakokinetiku
English: Trizivir contains abacavir (which is also an active substance in Kivexa, Triumeq and Ziagen).
Maltese: Trizivir fih abacavir (li huwa sustanza attiva f'Kivexa, Triumeq u Ziagen).