FrancophonIA/DGT-Translation_Memory huggingface dataset:
English: Council of State, 10 November 1999, Société de gestion du port de Campoloro, reported in Receuil, p. 348; Council of State, 18 November 2005, Société de gestion du port de Campoloro, reported in Receuil, p. 515. See recital 34 of the opening decision.
Hungarian: Államtanács, 1999. november 10., Société de gestion du port de Campoloro, Államtanácsi Határozatok Tára, 348. o.; Államtanács, 2005. november 18., Államtanácsi Határozatok Tára, 515. o. Lásd az eljárást megindító határozat (34) preambulumbekezdését.
Latvian: Valsts padome, 1999. gada 10. novembris, Kampoloro ostas pārvaldības sabiedrība (Société de gestion du port de Campoloro), Valsts padomes dokumentu krājums, 348. lpp.; Valsts padome, 2005. gada 18. novembris, Kampoloro ostas pārvaldības sabiedrība, Valsts padomes dokumentu krājums, 515. lpp. Sk. lēmuma par procedūras uzsākšanu 34. apsvērumu.
English: Bon, ‘Le Préfet face à l’inexécution par une collectivité territoriale d’un jugement la condamnant pécuniairement’, in RFDA — March April 2006, p. 341. C. Landais and F. Lenica, ‘Le pouvoir de substitution du préfet en cas d’inexécution de la chose jugée par les collectivités territoriales’, in AJDA, 23 January 2006, p. 137.
Italian: Bon, P., «Le Préfet face à l’inexécution par une collectivité territoriale d’un jugement la condamnant pécuniairement», in RFDA, marzo-aprile 2006, pag. 341; Landais, C., e Lenica, F., «Le pouvoir de substitution du préfet en cas d’inexécution de la chose jugée par les collectivités territoriales», in AJDA, 23 gennaio 2006, pag. 137.
Hungarian: Bon, „Le Préfet face à l’inexécution par une collectivité territoriale d’un jugement la condamnant pécuniairement” (A prefektus egy pénzbírságot elrendelő ítélet végrehajtását elmulasztó területi önkormányzattal szemben), RFDA – 2006. március–április, 341. o., C. Landais és F. Lenica, „Le pouvoir de substitution du préfet en cas d’inexécution de la chose jugée par les collectivités territoriales” (A prefektus helyettesítési jogköre a res judicata területi önkormányzatok általi végrehajtásának elmulasztása esetén), AJDA, 2006. január 23., 137. o.
Latvian: Bon, Le Préfet face à l’inexécution par une collectivité territoriale d’un jugement la condamnant pécuniairement; RFDA – 2006. gada marts–aprīlis, 341. lpp. C. Landais un F. Lenica, Le pouvoir de substitution du préfet en cas d’inexécution de la chose jugée par les collectivités territoriales; AJDA, 2006. gada 23. janvāris, 137. lpp.
English: ‘Publicly owned establishments’, J-cl. admi. fasc. 135, 2007.
Hungarian: „Etablissements publics” (Közintézmények), J-cl. közigazgatási füzetek, 135. szám, 2007.
English: Extract from ‘Ratings direct’ on La Poste, S & P, 3 April 2007.
Hungarian: Részlet az S & P 2007. április 3-i, a La Poste-ra vonatkozó „Ratings direct” (Hitelminősítések egyenes közvetítésben) című tanulmányából.
Latvian: Fragments no Ratings direct attiecībā uz La Poste, S & P, 2007. gada 3. aprīlis: “In 1991, LP – previously part of the government bureaucracy- became an independent publicly owned entity with EP status, which ensures LP an ultimate state guarantee on its obligations, but not a timely and explicit guarantee as reflected by the rating differentiation between LP and the Republic of France.”
English: Extract from ‘Ratings Direct’ on La Poste, S & P, 3 April 2007: ‘The EC recently recommended that the French government end this guarantee by year-end 2008, which they believe provides LP with more favorable financing conditions than its competitors in a market in the process of being liberalized. Original in English’.
Hungarian: Részlet az S & P 2007. április 3-i, a La Poste-ra vonatkozó „Ratings direct” (Hitelminősítések egyenes közvetítésben) című tanulmányából: „The EC recently recommended that the French government end this guarantee by year-end 2008, which they believe provides La Poste with more favorable financing conditions than its competitors in a market in the process of being liberalized.”
English: Extract from ‘Ratings Direct’ on La Poste, S & P, 3 April 2007: The ratings nevertheless already factor in the long-term likelihood of a change in the group’s capital structure, which would require a change in its current ‘établissement public’ legal status and result in the loss of the state’s ultimate guarantee on LP’s financial obligations, the elimination of which was recently recommended by the European Commission’. Moreover, La Poste’s identified weaknesses include: ‘Likely capital structure change at company or bank level in the long term’.
Hungarian: Részlet az S & P 2007. április 3-i, a La Poste-ra vonatkozó „Ratings direct” (Hitelminősítések egyenes közvetítésben) című tanulmányából: „The ratings nevertheless already factor in the long-term likelihood of a change in the group’s capital structure, which would require a change in its current »établissement public« legal status and result in the loss of the state’s ultimate guarantee on LP’s financial obligations, the elimination of which was recently recommended by the European Commission ” Másfelől a La Poste által feltárt gyengeségek a következők: „Likely capital structure change at company or bank level in the long term”.
English: […] [41] parts of this text have been omitted to ensure that confidential information is not disclosed. Those parts are indicated by three full stops enclosed in square brackets and marked with two asterisks.
Italian: […] [41] Alcune parti del presente testo, indicate da punti di sospensione fra parentesi seguiti da un asterisco, sono state omesse per assicurare che non sia diffusa alcuna informazione riservata.
English: As regards the ‘abnormal’ character of the injury, the Commission’s expert takes the view that one can proceed by elimination. Either the debt is a small one, in which case it is fair to suppose that it will not leave a national publicly owned establishment, or La Poste in particular, in a position of insolvency; or the debt is a large one, in which case the injury will necessarily be abnormal.
Italian: Secondo l’esperto della Commissione, per quanto riguarda il carattere anomalo, si può ragionare per eliminazione: o il debito è di lieve entità e si può legittimamente supporre che non metterà un organismo pubblico nazionale (in particolare La Poste) in situazione di insolvenza, oppure si tratta di un debito sostanzioso che determina il carattere anomalo del pregiudizio.
English: The State’s liability is treated as a guarantee. It is not the subject of any limitation by French legislation.
Italian: La responsabilità dello Stato, che funziona alla stregua di una garanzia, non è soggetta ad alcuna limitazione nei testi di diritto francese.
English: In fact, the trend is to identify more and more activities as public services. This explains why the cancellation of public service tasks is a very rare phenomenon.
Italian: Si riscontra tuttavia una tendenza ad individuare un numero crescente di attività come servizio pubblico, il che spiega perché la portata di questo fenomeno sia piuttosto limitata.
Portuguese: Ora, pelo contrário, há tendência para identificar como serviço público um número de crescente de actividades, pelo que este fenómeno tem um alcance muito limitado.
English: parts of this text have been omitted to ensure that confidential information is not disclosed. Those parts are indicated by three full stops enclosed in square brackets and marked with two asterisks.
Italian: Alcune parti del presente testo, indicate da punti di sospensione fra parentesi seguiti da un asterisco, sono state omesse per assicurare che non sia diffusa alcuna informazione riservata.
English: The representative of the State or the authority responsible for supervision shall, as appropriate, release the necessary resources either by reducing the appropriations allocated to other expenditures and still available or by increasing resources.’ Lastly, the fifth subparagraph of Article 3-1 of the same Decree provides that ‘If within eight days following notification of entry of the appropriation the local authority or publicly owned establishment has not ordered payment of the sum due, the representative of the State or the authority responsible for supervision shall within one month issue a mandatory payment order’.
Lithuanian: Prireikus jis skiria reikalingas sumas arba sumažindamas kitoms išlaidoms skirtus ir dar nepanaudotus asignavimus, arba padidindamas lėšas.“ Galų gale minėto dekreto 3–1 straipsnio penktoje pastraipoje nustatyta, kad „jeigu per aštuonias dienas po nurodymo įtraukti asignavimą vietos savivaldos institucija arba viešoji įstaiga nenurodo pervesti mokėtinos sumos, valstybės atstovas arba kontrolės įstaiga per vieną mėnesį oficialiai nurodo tai atlikti.“
English: Again according to Fitch, ERAP’s liquidity is guaranteed by its instant access to Treasury imprest accounts. As ERAP is an EPIC, the access which La Poste might also have to Treasury imprest accounts should be examined.
Lithuanian: Tos pačios kredito reitingų agentūros Fitch nuomone, „ERAP likvidumas užtikrinamas suteikiant tiesioginę prieigą prie iždo avansinių mokėjimų sąskaitų.“ Kadangi ERAP yra PKVĮ, reikia išnagrinėti, kokią prieigą prie iždo avansinių mokėjimų Paštas galėtų turėti.
English: As has been explained in the description of the measure, the Law of 16 July 1980 provides that ‘if the decision-making body of the authority or establishment has not released or created the resources […] the supervisory authority shall do so, and if necessary shall issue a mandatory payment order’. The Decree of 12 May 1981, which on this point remains unchanged by the amending Decree of 2008, states that the representative of the State or the authority responsible for supervision ‘shall, as appropriate, release the necessary resources, either by reducing the appropriations allocated to other expenditures and still available, or by increasing resources’.
Slovak: Ako sa spresňuje v opise opatrenia, v zákone zo 16. júla 1980 sa ustanovuje, že „ak rozhodujúci orgán samosprávy alebo inštitúcie neuvoľnil alebo nevytvoril tieto prostriedky, … postará sa o to dozorný orgán, ktorý v prípade potreby vydá úradný príkaz na úhradu z úradnej moci.“ Okrem toho vyhláška z 12. mája 1981, v tomto smere nezmenená a nedoplnená vyhláškou z roku 2008, spresňuje, že zástupca štátu alebo dozorný orgán „v prípade potreby vytvorí potrebné prostriedky buď prostredníctvom zníženia voľných rozpočtových prostriedkov určených na iné výdavky, alebo prostredníctvom zvýšenia zdrojov.“
Lithuanian: Kaip nurodyta priemonės aprašyme, 1980 m. liepos 16 d. įstatyme teigiama: „Jeigu sprendimus priimantis vietos savivaldos institucijos arba įstaigos organas nerado arba nesukaupė išteklių, […] kontrolės įstaiga tuo pasirūpina ir, jeigu reikia, oficialiai nurodo tai atlikti.“ Be to, 1981 m. gegužės 12 d. dekrete, kurio atitinkamas punktas nebuvo pakeistas 2008 m. dekretu, nurodoma, kad valstybės atstovas (kontrolės įstaiga) „prireikus jis skiria reikalingas sumas arba sumažindamas kitoms išlaidoms skirtus ir dar nepanaudotus asignavimus, arba padidindamas lėšas“.
English: A learned commentator observes, ‘if the prefect takes measures that seek to release additional resources, but these then prove to be insufficient in view of the scale of the debts of the municipality, the court will probably take the view that no fault has been committed’. The liability for serious fault described here is of a conventional kind, and does not operate as a guarantee mechanism in the event of an insolvency of the debtor, because the liability does not arise merely as a consequence of the insolvency.
Slovak: Podľa skúseného autora komentára, „ak prefekt prijme opatrenia, aby sa pokúsil uvoľniť dodatočné zdroje, ale tieto opatrenia budú vzhľadom na veľkosť dlhu obce nedostatočné, sudca sa pravdepodobne bude domnievať, že sa prefekt nedopustil hrubej nedbanlivosti.“ V tomto prípade je zodpovednosť za hrubú nedbanlivosť „klasická“ a v prípade platobnej neschopnosti dlžníckej organizácie funguje ako záručný mechanizmus, pretože nemôže riešiť iba situáciu platobnej neschopnosti.
Lithuanian: Kaip teigia vienas gerai informuotas komentatorius, „jeigu prefektas imasi priemonių bandydamas skirti papildomų išteklių, tačiau paaiškėja, kad šios priemonės nepakankamos, turint omenyje savivaldybės skolos dydį, tikėtina, kad teismas nuspręs, jog jokia didelė klaida nepadaryta.“ Čia atsakomybė už didelę kaltę yra „klasikinė“ ir įsiskolinusiai organizacijai tapus nemokia nevirsta garantijos mechanizmu, nes negali būti taikoma vien nemokumui panaikinti.
English: The Council of State finds that ‘if, having regard to the situation of the local or regional authority, and in particular to an insufficiency in its assets […] the prefect legitimately refuses to take certain measures with a view to ensuring that the judgment is enforced in full, the State as holder of public authority may be liable for any injury caused to a creditor of the local or regional authority if the injury is of an abnormal and specific kind’. Here the liability arises only out of the financial situation of the debtor authority.
Slovak: Štátna rada zastáva názor, že „za predpokladu, že vzhľadom na situáciu samosprávy, a najmä na nedostatok jej majetku, mohol prefekt… odmietnuť prijať určité opatrenia na zabezpečenie úplného výkonu súdneho rozhodnutia, môže škoda, ktorá tým bola spôsobená veriteľovi územnej samosprávy, ak je neobvyklej a osobitnej povahy, spôsobiť vznik zodpovednosti verejnej moci.“ Všimnime si, že skutočnosťou spôsobujúcou vznik zodpovednosti je iba finančná situácia samosprávy, ktorá je dlžníkom.
Lithuanian: Valstybės taryba nusprendė, kad „jeigu atsižvelgdamas į vietos savivaldos institucijos padėtį, būtent į jos turto nepakankamumą, […] prefektas galėjo teisėtai atsisakyti imtis tam tikrų priemonių, kad nuodugnus teismo sprendimo vykdymas būtų užtikrintas, dėl tokiu būdu padarytos žalos vietos savivaldos institucijos kreditorius gali patraukti atsakomybėn viešąją instituciją, jeigu ta žala neįprasta ir specifinė.“ Pažymima, kad atsakomybę sukelia vien pati įsiskolinusios savivaldos institucijos finansinė padėtis.
English: Nor can Article 6-1 of the Convention form the basis of any such substitution in so far as a solution of that kind would be contrary to the very concept of legal personality, which presupposes autonomy and a distinct set of assets’. While the French Government attempted specifically to invoke the differences — highlighted above — between the liability scheme and the guarantee mechanism, these arguments were not in the end accepted by the Court.
Slovak: Toto nahradenie okrem toho nemôže byť založené na článku 6 ods. 1 dohovoru, pokiaľ je v rozpore so samotným pojmom právnickej osoby, ktorý predpokladá nezávislosť, rozdielny majetok.“ Aj keď sa francúzska vláda správne pokúsila zdôrazniť rozdiely medzi systémom zodpovednosti záručnou schémou, na ktoré sme už poukázali, tieto argumenty súd nakoniec neuznal.
Slovenian: Ta nadomestitev tudi ne more temeljiti na členu 6(1) Konvencije, ker bi bila taka rešitev v nasprotju s samim pojmom pravne osebe, za katero se predpostavljata neodvisnost in ločeno premoženje.“ Čeprav se je francoska vlada poskušala sklicevati prav na zgoraj predstavljene razlike med sistemom odgovornosti in mehanizmom poroštva, Sodišče nazadnje teh trditev ni sprejelo.
Lithuanian: Toks pavadavimas juolab negalėtų būti grindžiamas Konvencijos 6 straipsnio 1 dalimi, nes toks sprendimas prieštarautų pačiai juridinio asmens sąvokai, kuri reiškia savarankiškumą bei turto atskirumą.“ Nors Prancūzijos Vyriausybė bandė pabrėžti išvardytus atsakomybės ir garantijų mechanizmų skirtumus, Teismas į šiuos argumentus neatsižvelgė.
English: As for transfers brought about by replacements, whether or not they are optional depends on the pre-existence of the testator’. Where abolitions pure and simple are concerned, S. Carpi-Petit deduces from his exhaustive study that ‘there being no option available for the benefit of the State is a situation that also obtains in administrative law.
Lithuanian: Pakeitimo atveju jų neprivalomumas priklauso nuo palikimą palikusio asmens.“ Kalbant apie paprasčiausius panaikinimus, išsamiame savo tyrime S. Carpi-Petit daro išvadą, kad „pasirinkimo valstybės naudai negalimybė taikoma ir administracinėje teisėje.
English: Since 2006 it has been possible to activate State aid schemes only if the liquidity requirements are consistent with European competition rules; accordingly, La Poste’s status as a public operator no longer justifies automatically aligning its ratings on those of the State. Therefore, access to advances from the Treasury in the event of a liquidity crisis is no longer guaranteed, which may substantially delay state support when needed’.
Lithuanian: Iš tiesų nuo 2006 m. valstybės pagalbos mechanizmai gali būti panaudojami tik jeigu likvidumo poreikiai atitinka Europos konkurencijos taisykles; todėl Pašto įmonės turimas viešojo operatoriaus statusas nebėra pagrindas savaime suteikti jai tokį pat reitingą kaip valstybei.
English: Administrative Court of Appeal, Paris 15 February 1991, JCP E1991, pan. 742; Court of Cassation, Soc. 6 November 1991, JCP E1992, pan.
Lithuanian: Administracinis apeliacinis teismas, Paryžius, 1991 m. vasario 15 d., JurisClasseur périodique (JCP) E1991, pan. 742; Kasacinis teismas, Soc., 1991 m. lapkričio 6 d., JurisClasseur périodique (JCP) E1992, pan. 85, leid.
English: Decree No 97-882 of 26 September 1997, winding up the Etablissement public du centre de conférences international de Paris: the surplus on the winding up shall be paid to the State.Article 2 of Decree No 99-1151 of 29 December 1999, winding up the publicly owned establishment Musée national de la Légion d’honneur: ‘the tasks and the assets, rights and obligations of this publicly owned establishment shall be transferred as from the same date to the Ordre national de la Légion d’honneur’. Decree No 2000-1126 of 22 November 2000, transferring the surplus for the winding up of the Etablissement public d’aménagement de la ville nouvelle du Vaudreuil: the balance shall be transferred to the State budget, and Article 2 specifies that ‘the rights and obligations arising from the activities of the establishment or during the winding-up period and not known about at the end of the winding-up period shall be transferred to the State’.
Latvian: 1999. gada 29. decembra Dekrēts Nr. 99-1151, ar ko nosaka publiskās iestādes “Goda leģionāru valsts muzejs” ( Musée national de la Légion d’honneur) likvidāciju, 2. pants: “Minētās iestādes uzdevumus, kā arī īpašumus, tiesības un pienākumus nodod dienā, kas norādīta rīkojumā par goda leģionu.”2000. gada 22. novembra Dekrēts Nr. 2000-1126, ar ko nosaka Jaunās Vodrojas (Vaudreuil) pilsētas labiekārtošanas publiskās iestādes likvidācijas atlikuma nodošanu: atlikumu pārskaita valsts budžetā, un 2. pantā ir precizēts, ka “ar iestādes darbību saistītās tiesības un pienākumus vai arī tiesības un pienākumus, kuru uzņemšanās notikusi likvidācijas periodā un par kurām nebija zināms likvidācijas perioda noslēgumā, nodod valstij”.
English: Article 2 of Decree No 2000-1294 of 26 December 2000, winding up the Etablissement public chargé de l’aménagement de la ville nouvelle d’Evry and transferring its rights and obligations to the Agence foncière et technique de la région parisienne: ‘the assets and liabilities of the Etablissement public chargé de l’aménagement de la ville nouvelle d’Evry shall be transferred on this date to the Agence foncière et technique de la région parisienne’ […] . ‘it shall take over all the rights and obligations relating to the activity carried on by the Etablissement public’. Decree No 2004-103 of 30 January 2004 relating to Ubifrance, the French agency for the international development of undertakings: ‘transfer to Ubifrance […] of the rights, obligations and immovable and movable assets of the Centre français du commerce extérieur’. Article 6 of Law No 2004-105 of 3 February 2004, creating the Agence nationale pour la garantie des droits des mineurs: ‘Subject to the winding up, by decision of its general meeting, of the Association nationale de gestion des retraités des Charbonnages de France et des Houillères de bassin ainsi que de leurs ayants droit, the assets, rights and obligations of this association shall be transferred to the Agence nationale pour la garantie des droits des mineurs’.
Latvian: ”2000. gada 26. decembra Dekrēts Nr. 2000-1294, ar ko nosaka Par jaunās Evrī (Evry) pilsētas labiekārtošanu atbildīgās publiskās iestādes darbības pārtraukšanu un tās tiesību un pienākumu nodošanu Parīzes Reģiona zemes un tehniskajai aģentūrai (Agence foncière et technique de la région parisienne), 2. pants: “Par jaunās Evrī pilsētas labiekārtošanu atbildīgās publiskās iestādes aktīvi un pasīvi no minētā datuma tiek nodoti Parīzes Reģiona zemes un tehniskajai aģentūrai.”“Tā pārņem visas tiesības un pienākumus, kas ir saistīti ar publiskās iestādes veiktajām darbībām.”2004. gada 30. janvāra Dekrēts Nr. 2004-103 par Francijas Starptautiskās uzņēmumu attīstības aģentūru Ubifrance: “Francijas ārējās tirdzniecības centra tiesību, pienākumu, nekustamo un kustamo īpašumu nodošana UbiIFrance (..).”2004. gada 3. februāra Likums Nr. 2004-105, ar ko nosaka Kalnraču tiesību garantijas valsts aģentūras (Agence nationale pour la garantie des droits des mineurs) izveidi, 6. pants: “Asociācijas, kuras nosaukums ir “Francijas kalnraktuvju un baseina ogļraktuvju pensionāru un viņu pilnvaroto personu pārvaldības valsts asociācija”, darbības pārtraukšanas gadījumā, kas tiek īstenota, atlaižot kopsapulci, minētās asociācijas īpašumi, tiesības un pienākumi tiek nodoti Kalnraču tiesību garantijas valsts aģentūrai.
English: The second category includes those entities that, while autonomous in their operations, are largely public-policy-based institutions, still in receipt of substantial direct or indirect financial backing from the State.
Latvian: There is, however, a high level of uncertainty surrounding the level and/or timeliness of this state support. A top-down approach that assumes notching down from the sovereign rating by up to two categories (six notches) applies to such postal entities.
English: There is, however, a high level of uncertainty surrounding the level and/or timeliness of this state support.
Latvian: La Poste and Poste Italiane currently fall within this category.” (2. kategorija: reitinga pazemināšana, ņemot vērā valsts īpašnieka reitingu.
English: Extract from ‘Ratings Direct’ on La Poste, S & P, 3 April 2007.
Latvian: Fragments no Ratings direct attiecībā uz La Poste, S & P, 2007. gada 3. aprīlis: “The EC recently recommended that the French government end this guarantee by year-end 2008, which they believe provides La Poste with more favorable financing conditions than its competitors in a market in the process of being liberalized.
English: ‘The EC recently recommended that the French government end this guarantee by year-end 2008, which they believe provides LP with more favorable financing conditions than its competitors in a market in the process of being liberalized.
Latvian: The ratings on La Poste were unaffected by this recommendation since we consider that a change in La Poste’s status would not necessarily reflect a decrease in the strong state support that underpins La Poste’s ratings and that has been reaffirmed by recent government decisions.”
English: the absence of a single procedure for all creditors: unlike the procedure under private law, whereby claims are processed en masse and creditors are satisfied in decreasing order of priority and pro rata from the amounts available, the procedure introduced by the Law of 16 July 1980 is different in that only action by the creditor enables him to protect his rights. The logic of the Law of 16 July 1980 is ‘first come, first served’,
Dutch: De logica achter de wet van 16 juli 1980 is „wie het eerst komt, eerst maalt”;