FrancophonIA/DGT-Translation_Memory huggingface dataset:
English: For rodents, approximately one-half of each litter should be prepared and examined for skeletal alterations. The remainder should be prepared and examined for soft tissue alterations, using accepted or appropriate serial sectioning methods or careful gross dissection techniques.
Portuguese: No caso de roedores, devem preparar-se e examinar-se cerca de metade dos animais de cada ninhada para detecção de alterações do esqueleto; os restantes animais serão preparados e examinados para determinar alterações dos tecidos moles, usando métodos aprovados de seccionamento em série ou técnicas adequadas de dissecação macroscópica cuidadosa.
Hungarian: Rágcsálók esetében körülbelül az alom felét kell előkészíteni a vázrendszeri, a maradékot pedig a lágyszöveti elváltozások vizsgálatára, ahol az utóbbihoz elfogadott és megfelelő sorozatmetszési módszereket vagy óvatos makroszkópos boncolási technikákat kell alkalmazni.
English: In Advances in Teratology.
Dutch: The external Development of the Rabbit and Rat Embryo. In Advances in Teratology.
Hungarian: The external Development of the Rabbit and Rat Embryo. In Advances in Teratology.
English: Skeletal Development Following Heat Exposure in the Rat.
Hungarian: Skeletal Development Following Heat Exposure in the Rat.
English: Comparison of Single and Double Staining for Evaluation of Skeletal Development: The Effects of Ethylene Glycol (EG) in CD Rats.
Hungarian: (1988). Comparison of Single and Double Staining for Evaluation of Skeletal Development: The Effects of Ethylene Glycol (EG) in CD Rats.
English: Use of the Rabbit in Teratogenicity Studies.
Dutch: Use of the Rabbit in Teratogenicity Studies.
Hungarian: Use of the Rabbit in Teratogenicity Studies.
English: Skeletal Deviation in Rats: Malformations or Variations?
Dutch: (1973). Skeletal Deviation in Rats: Malformations or Variations?
Hungarian: (1973). Skeletal Deviation in Rats: Malformations or Variations?
English: Developmental Stages of the CD (Sprague-Dawley) Rat Skeleton after Maternal Exposure to Ethylene Glycol.
Dutch: Developmental Stages of the CD (Sprague-Dawley) Rat Skeleton after Matemal Exposure to Ethylene Glycol.
Hungarian: Developmental Stages of the CD (Sprague-Dawley) Rat Skeleton after Maternal Exposure to Ethylene Glycol.
English: The Order and Time of appearance of Centers of Ossification in the Fore and Hind Limbs of the Albino Rat, with Special Reference to the Possible Influence of the Sex Factor.
Dutch: The Order and Time of appearance of Centers of Ossification in the Fore and Hind Limbs of the Albino Rat, with Special Reference to the Possible Influence of the Sex Factor.
Hungarian: The Order and Time of appearance of Centers of Ossification in the Fore and Hind Limbs of the Albino Rat, with Special Reference to the Possible Influence of the Sex Factor.
English: Fresh Visceral Examination of Rat and Rabbit Foetuses Used in Teratogenicity Testing.
Dutch: Fresh Visceral Examination of Rat and Rabbit Foetuses Used in Teratogenicity Testing.
Hungarian: Fresh Visceral Examination of Rat and Rabbit Foetuses Used in Teratogenicity Testing.
English: The Genesis of the Rat Skeleton.
Dutch: The Genesis of the Rat Skeleton.
Polish: The Genesis of the Rat Skeleton. Thomas, Springfield, JL.
Hungarian: The Genesis of the Rat Skeleton.
English: Embryological Considerations in Teratology.
Hungarian: Embryological Considerations in Teratology.
English: Handbook of Teratology, Vol. 4.
Italian: Handbook of' Teratology, Vol. 4.
Dutch: Handbook of Teratology, Vol. 4.
Hungarian: Handbook of Teratology, Vol. 4.
English: Detection of visceral Alterations in Mammalian Foetuses.
Dutch: Detection of visceral Alterations in Mammalian Foetuses.
Hungarian: Detection of visceral Alterations in Mammalian Foetuses.
English: Auston and R.V. Short (eds.), Cambridge, New York.
Polish: Auston and R. V. Short (eds.), Cambridge, New York.
Hungarian: Auston and R. V. Short (eds.), Cambridge, New York.
English: Mutation Res., 189, p. 123-133.
Dutch: Mutation Res., 189, pp. 123-133.
Swedish: Mutation Res., 189, s. 123–133.
Slovak: Mutation Res., 189, 123 – 133.
Hungarian: Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay, Mutation Res., 189., pp. 123–133.
Slovenian: 189, str. 123–133.
Latvian: 189, p. 123–133.
Lithuanian: 189, p. 123–133.
English: J.Immunol.
Hungarian: Immunol.
English: Appendix 1 Role of the 3T3 NRU PT in a sequential approach to the phototoxicity testing of chemicals
Hungarian: 1. FÜGGELÉK
English: Initial Evaluation of the Physical, Chemical, and Toxicological Properties of the Test Substance Physico-chemical properties
Hungarian: A 3T3 NRU PT szerepe a vegyi anyagok fototoxicitás-vizsgálatának szekvenciális megközelítésében
English: Chemical structure, structural alerts UV/vis - absorption
Hungarian: A kémiai anyag kezdeti kiértékelése
English: QSAR - photochemistry General toxicity (including kinetics and metabolism)
Hungarian: • (Q)SAR, fotókémia
English: The LLNA is an in vivo method and, as a consequence, will not eliminate the use of animals in the assessment of contact sensitising activity. It has, however, the potential to reduce the number of animals required for this purpose.
Hungarian: Az LLNA in vivo módszer, ennek következtében nem szünteti meg az állatok felhasználását a kontakt szenzibilizáló aktivitás vizsgálata során, de lehetővé teszi az erre a célra szükséges állatok számának csökkentését.
English: Day 1: individually identify and record the weight of each animal. Open application of 25μl of the appropriate dilution of the test substance, the vehicle alone, or the positive control (as appropriate), to the dorsum of each ear.
Hungarian: és 3. nap:
Latvian: un 3. diena
English: repeat the application procedure carried out on day 1. Days 4 and 5: no treatment. Day 6: record the weight of each animal.
Hungarian: Injekciózzunk 250 μl, 20 μCi (7,4 e + 8 Bq) 3H-metil-timidint tartalmazó sós foszfátpuffert (PBS) a kezelt és kontrollegerek farokvénájába.
Latvian: Visām testa un kontroles pelēm astes vēnā injicē 250 μl fosfāta bufera fizioloģiskā šķīduma (PBS), kas satur 20 μCi (7,4e + 8 Bq) 3H-metiltimidīna.
English: Alternatively inject 250 μL PBS containing 2 μCi (7,4e + 7 Bq) of 125I-iododeoxyuridine and 10-5 M fluorodeoxyuridine into all mice via the tail vein. Five hours later, the animals are killed. The draining auricular lymph nodes from each ear are excised and pooled in PBS for each experimental group (pooled treatment group approach); alternatively pairs of lymph nodes from individual animals may be excised and pooled in PBS for each animal (individual animal approach). Details and diagrams of the node identification and dissection can be found in Appendix I of reference 10.
Hungarian: A nyirokcsomók meghatározásának és kipreparálásának részleteit és az ehhez kapcsolódó diagrammokat a (10) hivatkozás I. függelékében találhatjuk meg.
Latvian: Sīkus datus un diagrammas par limfmezglu identificēšanu un izgriešanu skatīt 1. papildinājuma literatūras sarakstu (10).
English: This test method specifically addresses the oral administration of the test substance. Oral administration may be by gavage, in the diet, in drinking water or by capsules.
Hungarian: Ez a vizsgálati módszer konkrétan előírja a vizsgálandó anyag orális alkalmazását, amely történhet szondán keresztül, táplálék vagy ivóvíz útján vagy kapszulák beadásával.
English: The rate-determining layer for most substances is the stratum corneum consisting of dead cells. Permeability through the skin depends both on the lipophilicity of the chemical and the thickness of the outer layer of epidermis, as well on factors such as molecular weight and concentration of the substance.
Hungarian: A legtöbb anyag esetén a felszívódás sebességét a stratum corneum határozza meg, amely elhalt sejtekből áll. A bőrön keresztüli áteresztőképesség függ a vegyszer lipofilicitásától és az epidermisz külső rétegének vastagságától, valamint olyan tényezőktől, mint az anyag molekulatömege és koncentrációja.
English: MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry — Japan) (Method C.4-F) General and common considerations to all six tests are given in Part I of the method. Items specific for individual methods are given in Parts II to VII. The appendices contain definitions, formulas and guidance material.
Hungarian: MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry – Japán) (C.4-F. módszer).
English: However, depending on the physical characteristics of the substance to be tested, one or other of the methods may be preferred. I.2. SELECTION OF THE APPROPRIATE METHOD
Hungarian: Az egyes módszerekre sajátosan jellemző tételek a II–VII. részben találhatók.
English: The manner in which poorly water-soluble chemicals and volatile chemicals can be dealt with is described in Appendix 3. Moderately volatile chemicals may be tested by the DOC Die-Away method if there is sufficient gas space in the test vessels (which should be suitably stoppered). In this case, an abiotic control must be set up to allow for any physical loss.
Hungarian: Az 1. táblázat tartalmazza a megfelelő módszereket azon kémiai anyagokhoz, amelyek vízben gyengén oldhatók, illékonyak vagy adszorbeálódnak.
English: Table 1: Applicability of test methods
Hungarian: A 3. függelék írja le azt a módot, ahogyan a vízben gyengén oldható és illékony anyagok kezelhetők.
English: Pre-conditioning consists of aerating activated sludge in mineral medium or secondary effluent for five to seven days at the test temperature. Pre-conditioning sometimes improves the precision of the test methods by reducing blank values.
Swedish: Förbehandlingen består i luftning av aktivt slam i oorganiskt medium eller av sekundärt avloppsvatten i 5–7 dagar vid rumstemperatur.
Hungarian: Az előkondicionálás az eleveniszapnak ásványianyag-tápoldatban vagy másodlagos szennyvízben 5–7 napon keresztüli, a vizsgálati hőmérsékleten végrehajtott levegőztetéséből áll. Az előkondicionálás esetenként javítja a vizsgálati módszerek pontosságát a vakpróba értékek csökkentésével.
English: C o
Hungarian: G o
English: PRINCIPLE OF THE METHOD A measured volume of mineral medium containing a known concentration of the test substance (10-40 mg DOC/litre) as the nominal sole source of organic carbon is inoculated with 0,5 ml effluent per litre of medium.
Swedish: TESTMETODSPRINCIP
Hungarian: A VIZSGÁLATI MÓDSZER ELVE
English: 0Cb(o)
Slovak: 0Cb(l)
Hungarian: 0(Cbo)
English: Cb(t)
Hungarian: (Cbt)
English: Tap gently to remove any air bubbles. Analyse the zero-time bottles immediately for dissolved oxygen by the Winkler or electrode methods.
Hungarian: A palackokat a nulla időpontban azonnal elemezni kell az oldott oxigén mennyiségének megállapítása céljából a Winkler- vagy az elektróda módszer segítségével.
English: If disposable filter cartridges are used each lot must be checked to confirm that it does not release soluble organic carbon. Depending on the type of membrane filter the test chemical may be retained by adsorption.
Hungarian: Eldobható szűrőbetétek használatakor minden egyes adagot ellenőrizni kell, meg kell győződni arról, hogy nem szabadít-e fel oldható szerves szenet.
English: Hlth.
Hungarian: H1th.
English: The control substrate contains the basic substrate and water. If an additive agent is used, an additional control should contain the same quantity of the additive agent.
Hungarian: A kontroll szubsztrátum az alapszubsztrátumból és vízből áll. Ha bármely más adalékanyagot alkalmazunk, kiegészítő kontrollt is kell használni, amelyben az adott adalékanyagból ugyanannyi található.
English: Test used: fermentation tubes test Test time
Hungarian: Használt vizsgálat: fermentációs kémcsőpróba
English: table value of t for n value pairs of E and Eo and statistical confidence P (P =1-α) whereby P is at 95 % (1). The result is stated as the mean with tolerance limits at the 95 % probability level, the respective standard deviation and the number of data of the outlier-free DRc data set, and the number of outliers, e.g.
Hungarian: Az eredményt 95 %-os valószínűséggel, az átlagértékkel és a tűréshatárokkal fejezik ki, a hozzá tartozó normál szórással és a szórásmentes DRc-adatsor adatainak számával, pl.
English: table value of t for n value pairs of E and Eo and statistical confidence P (P = 1 - α) whereby P is set at 95 % (1). The result is stated as the mean with tolerance limits at the 95 % probability level, the respective standard deviation and the number of data of the outlier free DR data set, and the number of outliers, e.g.
Hungarian: Az eredményt 95 %-os valószínűség mellett az átlagértékkel és a tűréshatárokkal fejezik ki, a hozzá tartozó normál szórással és a szórásmentes DR-adatsor, valamint a szórás adatainak számával, pl.
English: However, physico-chemical adsorption can sometimes play an important role; this is indicated when there is complete or partial removal of the added DOC at the outset. What happens subsequently depends on factors such as the degrees of adsorption and the concentration of suspended solids in the discarded effluent.
Hungarian: Bizonyos esetekben azonban a fizikokémiai felszívódás fontos szerepet játszhat; ezt az jelzi, ha rögtön az elején teljesen vagy részben eltűnik a hozzáadott DOC. Hogy ezt követően mi történik, az olyan tényezőkön múlik, mint az adszorpció mértéke vagy a szuszpendált szilárd részecskék koncentrációja a kiöntött kifolyó szennyvízben.
English: A period of half the duration of the uptake phase is usually sufficient for an appropriate (e.g. 95 %) reduction in the body burden of the substance to occur (see Appendix 3 for explanation of the estimation). If the time required to reach 95 % loss is impractically long, exceeding for example twice the normal duration of the uptake phase (i.e. more than 56 days) a shorter period may be used (i.e. until the concentration of test substance is less than 10 % of steady-state concentration).
Hungarian: Amennyiben a 95 %-os csökkenéshez szükséges idő aránytalanul hosszú, meghaladja például a felvételi fázis hosszának kétszeresét (azaz több mint 56 nap), rövidebb időtartam is használható (azaz amíg a vizsgált anyag koncentrációja kisebb lesz az állandósult állapotú koncentráció 10 %-ánál).
English: = 1 - e-k2
Hungarian: = 1 - e-k2 t
English: [equation 6] For example, the duration of the uptake phase (up) for a test substance with log Pow = 4 would be (using equations 1,5,6):
Hungarian: Például log Pow = 4-es vizsgált anyag esetében a felvételi fázis (fel) időtartama (az 1., 5. és 6. egyenletet használva):
English: Sci. Technol.
Hungarian: Sci.Technol.
English: Cyprinus caprio
Italian: Cyprinus capilo
Hungarian: Cvprinus caprio
English: The spawning tray consists of a frame (plexi-glass or other suitable material), 5-7 cm high with a 2-5 mm coarse net attached at the top and a 10-30 μm fine net at the bottom. A number of ‘spawning-trees’, consisting of untwisted nylon rope, are attached to the coarse net of the frame.
Hungarian: Az ívatótálca 5–7 cm magas (plexiüvegből vagy más alkalmas anyagból készült) keretből és felül 2–5 mm pórusméretű durva hálóból, alul pedig 10–30 mikron finomságú szitaszövetből áll. A nagyobb pórusméretű hálóhoz szétbontott nejlonkötelekből készült „ívatófákat” kell erősíteni.
English: the soil/solution ratio, the equilibrium time for adsorption and the amount of test substance adsorbed at equilibrium,
Slovak: čas potrebný na dosiahnutie adsorpčnej rovnováhy a množstvo testovanej látky adsorbovanej v rovnovážnom stave,
Hungarian: az adszorpciós egyensúly beálltáig eltelt idő és az egyensúlyi helyzetben a vizsgált anyagból adszorbeált mennyiség,
English: and/or time interval AΔti (according to the need) and is plotted versus time.
Hungarian: időintervallumban (a követelményeknek megfelelően) kiszámítják a százalékos adszorpciót és az idő függvényében ábrázolják.
English: Additionally, leaching classification schemes exist based on a relationship between Koc and DT-50 (32)(79). Also, according to error analysis studies (61), Kd values below 0,3 cm3 g-1 cannot be estimated accurately from a decrease in concentration in the aqueous phase, even when the most favourable (from point of view of accuracy) soil/solution ratio is applied, i.e. 1:1.
Hungarian: Ezenkívül a Koc és DT-50 közötti viszony alapján ki oldódási besorolási rendszerek is léteznek (32) (79).Az eltérések analízise szerint továbbá (61) a 0,3 cm3 g-l alatti Kd értékeket nem lehet pontosan becsülni a vizes fázisban a koncentráció csökkenése alapján, még a (pontosság szempontjából) legkedvezőbb talaj/oldat arány, azaz az 1:1 arány alkalmazásánál sem.
Latvian: Turklāt pastāv izskalošanas klasifikācijas shēmas, kas pamatojas uz attiecību starp Koc un DT-50 (32) (79).Saskaņā ar kļūdu analīzes pētījumu (61) Kd lielumus, kas ir mazāki par 0,3 cm3 g–1, no koncentrācijas samazinājuma ūdens fāzē pareizi noteikt nevar, pat ja izmanto vislabāko (no rezultātu precizitātes viedokļa) augsnes/šķīduma attiecību, t. i., 1:1.
English: and/or time interval DΔti (according to the needs of the study) and is plotted versus time.
Hungarian: időintervallumban (a vizsgálat szükségleteinek megfelelően) kiszámítják, és az idő függvényében ábrázolják.
English: and adsorption Ati versus time, allow estimation of the reversibility of the adsorption process.
Hungarian: idő függvényében létrehozható közös ábrái lehetővé teszik az adszorpciós folyamat reverzibilitásának becslését.
English: H.H.
Italian: Soil Sci.
Dutch: Soil Sci.
Hungarian: Cheng).
English: Keniga E.E., and Goring, C.A.I. (1980) ‘Relationship between water solubility, soil sorption, octanol-water partitioning and concentration of chemicals in the biota’ in Aquatic Toxicology (eds J.G.
Swedish: Keniga E. E., and Goring, C. A. I. (1980), ”Relationship between water solubility, soil sorption, octanol-water partitioning and concentration of chemicals in the biota” in Aquatic Toxicology (eds J.G.
Hungarian: Keniga E. E., and Goring, C. A. I. (1980).
English: Tier 1 Equilibrium plateau is achieved? Yes Adsorption kinetics Tier 2 If mass balance < 90%, test substance is unstable in the time scale of the test. The test test can continue by analysing both phases (soil and aqueous solution). 5 Soils
Hungarian: Kd*(msoil/V0) > 0,3 (közvetett médszer: oldat kimerülésének mérése)
English: R analytical error in the determination of the maq ads eq ;
Polish: R błąd analityczny w oznaczaniu
Hungarian: meghatározásakor elkóvetett analitikai hiba
English: Chiou et al.
Hungarian: Chiou a al.
English: Concentration Cadsaq (µg cm-3) C0 Cadsaq (eq)
Hungarian: Koncentráció, Cadsaq (µg cm-3)
Latvian: Concentration Cadsaq (µg cm-3)
Lithuanian: Koncentracija Cadsaq (µm cm-3)
English: Equilibration time ti (h) Fig. 2.
Hungarian: Cadsaq (eq)
Latvian: Cadsaq (eq)
English: or DΔti (according to the needs of the study) are plotted versus time and the time after which the desorption equilibrium is attained is determined.
Hungarian: deszorpciós értékeket (a vizsgálat igényei szerint) az idő függvényében grafikusan kell ábrázolni, valamint meg kell határozni azt az időt, amelyre a deszorpciós egyensúly eléréséhez szükség volt.
English: Suitability of the analytical method Weighed soil
Hungarian: Bemért talajmennyiség
English: The measuring apparatus typically consists of a boiling vessel with attached cooler made of glass or metal (figure 1), equipment for measuring the temperature, and equipment for regulating and measuring the pressure. A typical measuring apparatus shown in the drawing is made from heat-resistant glass and is composed of five parts: The large, partially double-walled tube consists of a ground jacket joint, a cooler, a cooling vessel and an inlet. The glass cylinder, with a Cottrell ‘pump’, is mounted in the boiling section of the tube and has a rough surface of crushed glass to avoid ‘bumping’ in the boiling process.
Italian: L'apparecchio di misura consiste generalmente in un recipiente per l'ebollizione provvisto di un refrigerante in vetro o metallo (vedi figura 1), strumenti per misurare la temperatura e apparecchi per regolare e misurare la pressione.
English: The furnace has a diameter of approximately 3 to 5 cm and is 2 to 5 cm high. There are between one and three openings of different sizes for the vapour stream.
Italian: Il forno ha un diametro approssimativo di 3-5 cm e un'altezza di 2-5 cm e presenta da 1 a 3 aperture di differenti dimensioni per la corrente di vapore.
English: m mass of the substance leaving the cell during time t (kg) t time (s)
Italian: m massa della sostanza che lascia la cella nel tempo t (kg)
English: R universal gas constant (Jmol-1 K-1) T temperature (K)
Italian: K fattore di correzione
English: Reich. J. Vac.
Italian: Reich, J. Vac.
Swedish: Reich, J. Vac.
English: 1 Connection to vacuum 2 Wells for platinum resistance thermometer or temperature measurement and control (2)
Italian: 1 = Regolatore di flusso
English: 3 Lid for vacuum tank 4 O-ring
Italian: 2 = Scambiatore di calore
English: 7 Threaded lid 8 Butterfly nuts (6)
Italian: 5 = Colonne di saturazione
English: 9 Bolts (6) 10 Stainless steel effusion cells
Italian: 6 = Giunti in teflon
English: 11 Heater cartridges (6) Figure 6a
Italian: 7 = Flussimetro
English: An example of a flow system for the determination of vapour pressure by the gas saturation method 1 = Flow regulator
Italian: 8 = Condensatore per il vapore (adsorbente)
English: 2 = Heat exchanger 3 = Needle valves
Italian: 9 = Condensatore ad olio
English: 4 = Relative humidity sensor 5 = Saturation columns 6 = PTFE joints 7 = Flow meter
Italian: 10 = Gorgogliatore in vetro sinterizzato
English: 10 = Fritted bubbler Vent Manifold
Italian: Figura 6b
English: The methods described are based on the OECD Test Guideline (1). The fundamental principles are given in reference (2).
Italian: I metodi descritti si basano sulle linee direttrici OCSE (1) I principi fondamentali sono presentati nel riferimento (2).
English: Substances normally supplied as pastes should be tested in the dry state where possible or, in any case, following removal of the maximum possible amount of diluent. Liquid substances are tested with a 1 mm gap between the upper and lower steel cylinders.
Italian: Le sostanze che si presentano normalmente sotto forma di pasta dovrebbero essere saggiate per quanto possibile alla stato secco o comunque dopo aver rimosso la maggior quantità possibile di diluente.
English: position for rear burner; the other burners are visible (12) pilot jet
Italian: posizione del bruciatore posteriore; gli altri bruciatori sono visibili
English: The ignition source is put in contact with the cone. The vigour and duration of the resultant reaction are observed and recorded.
Italian: La sorgente di ignizione viene posta in contatto con il cono, e si osservano e registrano il vigore e la durata della reazione risultante.
English: The method described is based on DIN Standard 55672 (1). Detailed information about how to carry out the experiments and how to evaluate the data can be found in this DIN Standard.
Italian: Il metodo descritto è basato sulla norma DIN 55672 (1), che contiene informazioni dettagliate su come eseguire gli esperimenti e valutare i dati.
Portuguese: O método descrito baseia-se na norma DIN 55672 (1); esta última contém informações pormenorizadas sobre o modo de execução do ensaio e a avaliação dos respectivos resultados.
English: -Ve,(10Mx )
Italian: -Ve,(10Mx
Lithuanian: -Ve,(10Mx
English: Higher volumes are possible, but they should not exceed 250 μl. The optimal ratio between the injection volume and the concentration must be determined prior to the actual calibration of the column.
Italian: Sono possibili volumi più elevati, ma non devono superare i 250 μl.. Il rapporto ottimale tra il volume di iniezione e la concentrazione deve essere determinato prima dell'effettiva taratura della colonna.