FrancophonIA/DGT-Translation_Memory huggingface dataset:
English: There are examples of mutagenic agents which are not detected by this test; reasons for these shortcomings can be ascribed to the specific nature of the endpoint detected, differences in metabolic activation, or differences in bioavailability.
Portuguese: Há exemplos de agentes mutagénicos que não são detectados pelo presente ensaio, podendo as razões para essas falhas ser atribuídas à natureza específica do ponto final detectado, a diferenças na activação metabólica ou ainda a diferenças na biodisponibilidade.
Polish: Istnieją przykłady czynników mutagennych, które nie są wykryte przez to badanie, powody tych niedoborów mogą zostać przypisane szczególnemu charakterowi wykrytego punktu końcowego, różnicom między aktywacją metaboliczną lub różnicom w biodostępności.
Lithuanian: Tačiau šio tyrimo metu negalima nustatyti keleto mutagenų ir šito priežastis yra dėl grįžtamųjų mutacijų bakterijose tyrimo pagrindinio tikslo savitumo, metabolinės aktyvacijos skirtumų bei mutagenų paplitimo gamtoje skirtumų.
English: It is essential that the cultures used in the experiment contain a high titre of viable bacteria. The titre may be demonstrated either from historical control data on growth curves, or in each assay through the determination of viable cell numbers by a plating experiment.
Portuguese: É essencial que as culturas utilizadas na experiência contenham um título elevado de células viáveis, que pode ser demonstrado por dados históricos de controlo sobre as curvas de crescimento ou durante o próprio ensaio, através da determinação das células viáveis em placas.
English: At least five strains of bacteria should be used. These should include four strains of S. typhimurium (TA 1535; TA 1537 or TA97a or TA97; TA98; and TA100) that have been shown to be reliable and reproducibly responsive between laboratories.
Portuguese: Devem ser utilizadas pelo menos cinco estirpes das bactérias, entre as quais quatro estirpes de S. typhimurium (TA1535; TA1537 ou TA97 ou TA 97a; TA98; e TA100) para as quais foi demonstrado que são fiáveis e dão resultados reprodutíveis entre laboratórios.
English: Concurrent strain-specific positive and negative (solvent or vehicle) controls,both with and without metabolic activation, should be included in each assay. Positive control concentrations that demonstrate the effective performance of each assay should be selected.
Portuguese: Cada experiência deve incluir em paralelo controlos positivos e negativos (solvente ou veículo) específicos para cada estirpe, devendo, para os controlos positivos, ser escolhidas concentrações que demonstrem o desempenho eficaz de cada ensaio.
English: Statistical Evaluation of Mutagenicity Test Data, ed. Kirkland, D. J., Cambridge University Press, pp. 28-65."
Portuguese: Statistical Evaluation of Mutagenicity Test Data, ed. Kirkland, D. J., Cambridge University Press, pp. 28-65."
English: A general guide is to use a cell number which is at least 10 times the inverse of the spontaneous mutation frequency. However, it is recommended to utilise at least 106 cells.
Portuguese: A título indicativo, deve ser utilizado um número de células pelo menos dez vezes superior ao inverso da frequência de mutação espontânea, com um mínimo recomendado de 106 células.
English: Proliferating cells should be exposed to the test substance both with and without metabolic activation. Exposure should be for a suitable period of time (usually 3-6 hours is effective).
Portuguese: As células em proliferação devem ser expostas à substância em estudo tanto na presença como na ausência de um sistema de activação metabólica durante um período de tempo apropriado (três a seis horas é geralmente eficaz).
English: Although most studies will give clearly positive or negative results, in rare cases the data set will preclude making a definite judgement about the activity of the test substance. Results may remain equivocal or questionable regardless of the number of times the experiment is repeated.
Portuguese: Embora a maioria das experiências tenha resultados claramente positivos ou negativos, em casos raros o conjunto dos dados não permitirá que se obtenha uma opinão inequívoca sobre a actividade da substância em estudo, podendo acontecer que os resultados continuem a ser ambíguos ou duvidosos independemente do número de vezes que a experiência seja repetida.
English: Chemical Induction of Specific Locus Mutations in Chinese Hamster Cells In Vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 61, pp. 1306-1312.
Portuguese: Chemical Induction of Specific Locus Mutations in Chinese Hamster Cells In Vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 61, pp. 1306-1312.
Polish: Chemical Induction of Specific Locus Mutations in Chinese Hamster Cells In vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 61, pp. 1306-1312.
English: An adequate number of animals should be used to take account of natural biological variation in test response. The number of animal should be at least three analysable animals per group.
Portuguese: Deve ser utilizado um número de animais suficiente para que a variação biológica natural seja tomada em consideração nos resultados do ensaio, com pelo menos três animais analisáveis por grupo.
English: Other routes of exposure may be acceptable where they can be justified. However, the intraperitoneal route is not recommended as it could expose the liver directly to the test substance rather than via the circulatory system.
Portuguese: Poderão ser aceites, mediante justificação, outras vias de administração, mas a via intraperitoneal não é recomendada, uma vez que poderá expor o fígado à substância em estudo directamente e não através do sistema circulatório.
English: autoradiographic techniqueused,
Portuguese: técnica de autoradiografia utilizada,
Swedish: den autoradiografiska teknik som använts
English: The frequency of micronucleated immature (polychromatic) erythrocytes is the principal end point. The number of mature (normochromatic) erythrocytes in the peripheral blood that contain micronuclei among a given number of mature erythrocytes can also be used as the endpoint of the assay when animals are treated for four weeks or more.
Portuguese: A proporção de eritrócitos (normocromáticos) maturos com micronúcleos no sangue periférico pode igualmente ser utilizada como ponto final do ensaio, quando os animais forem expostos à substância em estudo de forma contínua durante quatro semanas ou mais.
Lithuanian: Tyrimo, kai gyvūnai veikiami tiriamąja chemine medžiaga kelias ar daugiau savaičių, pagrindinis tikslas taipogi gali būti periferiniame kraujyje esančių subrendusių (normochromatinių) eritrocitų, turinčių mažuosius branduolius, skaičiaus, palyginimas su subrendusių eritrocitų skaičiumi.
English: Commonly usedlaboratory strains of young healthy animals should be employed.
Portuguese: Devem ser utilizados animais saudáveis jovens de linhas de laboratório com características bem conhecidas.
English: If there is toxicity, three dose levels are used for the first sampling time. These dose levels should cover a range from the maximum to little or no toxicity. At the later sampling time only the highest dose needs to be used.
Portuguese: Se a substância for tóxica deverão ser utilizadas três doses diferentes para a primeira amostragem, abrangendo uma gama compreendida entre a toxicidade máxima e uma toxicidade reduzida ou quase nula.
English: Bone marrow/bloodpreparation
Portuguese: Preparação da medula/sangue
English: Concurrent strain-specific positive and negative (solvent or vehicle)controls, both with and without metabolic activation, should be included in each assay. Positive control concentrations that demonstrate the effective performance of each assay should be selected.
Portuguese: Cada experiência deve incluir em paralelo controlos positivos e negativos (solvente ou veículo) específicos para cada estirpe, devendo, para os controlos positivos, ser escolhidas concentrações que demonstrem o desempenho eficaz de cada ensaio.
English: Kier, L. D., Brusick D. J., Auletta, A. E., Von Halle, E. S., Brown, M. M., Simmon, V. F., Dunkel, V., McCann, J., Mortelmans, K., Prival, M., Rao, T. K. and Ray V. (1986), The Salmonella typhimurium/Mammalian Microsomal Assay: A Report of the U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency Gene-Tox Program, Mutation Res., 168, pp. 69-240.
Portuguese: Kier, L. D., Brusick, D. J., Auletta, A. E., Von Halle, E. S., Brown, M. M., Simmon, V. F., Dunkel, V., McCann, J., Mortelmans, K., Prival, M., Rao, T. K. and Ray V. (1986), The Salmonella typhimurium/Mammalian Microsomal Assay: A Report of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gene-Tox Program, Mutation Res., 168, pp. 69-240.
English: Additional information from treated spermatogonialstem cells can be obtained by meiotic chromosome anaylsis for chromosome-type aberrations at diakinesis-metaphase I when the treated cells become spermatocytes.
Portuguese: Para obtenção de informação adicional sobre as células germinais das espermatogónias expostas pode proceder-se à análise dos cromossomas durante a meiose, para detecção de aberrações cromossómicas na diacinese-metafase I, momento em que as células expostas passam à forma de espermatócitos.
English: Many compounds that are positive in this test are mammalian carcinogens;however, there is not a perfect correlation between this test and carcinogenicity.
Swedish: Många ämnen som är positiva i detta test är karcinogena hos däggdjur, men det finns ingen perfekt korrelation mellan detta test och karcinogenicitet.
English: sex of blood donors, whole blood or separated lymphocytes, mitogen used,- number of passages, if applicable,
Swedish: bloddonatorernas kön, helblod eller separerade lymfocyter, använd mitogen substans antal passager, om detta är tillämpligt
English: The animals are identified uniquely.The animals are acclimated to the laboratory conditions for at least five days.
Swedish: Burar bör arrangeras på ett sådant sätt att möjliga effekter beroende på placeringen av burarna blir så små som möjligt.
English: These should include four strains of S. typhimurium (TA 1535; TA98; and TA100) that have been shown to be reliable and reproducibly responsive between laboratories.
Swedish: Dessa bör inkludera fyra av S. typhimurium (TA 1535; Ta 1537 eller TA97a eller TA97; TA98; och TA100) som har visat sig vara tillförlitliga och ge en reproducerbar respons i olika laboratorier.
English: If other than well-known solvent/vehicles are used, their inclusion should be supported by data indicating their compatibility.It is recommended that wherever possible, the use of an aqueous solvent/vehicle be considered first.
Swedish: Om man använder andra lösningsmedel/vehiklar än gängse brukliga, bör användningen av dem ha stöd från data som visar på deras kompatibilitet.
English: Relative total growth: increase in cell number over time compared to a control population of cells;calculated as the product of suspension growth relative to the negative control times cloning efficiency relative to negative control.
Swedish: relativ total tillväxt: ökningen av antalet celler över tiden jämfört med en kontrollpopulation av celler, beräknat som produkten av suspensionstillväxten i förhållande till den negativa kontrollen, gånger kloningseffektiviteten i förhållande till den negativa kontrollen.
English: There are several criteria for determining a positive result, such as a dose-related increase in the relative number of cells with chromosome aberrations or a clear increase in the number of cells with aberrations in a single dose at a single sampling time.Biological relevance of the results should be considered first.
Swedish: Det finns ett flertal kriterier som används för att bestämma om ett resultat är positivt, t.ex. en dosrelaterad ökning av det relativa antalet celler med kromosomavvikelser eller en tydlig ökning av antalet celler hos en grupp som fått en enstaka dos vid ett enstaka provtagningstillfälle.
English: Normally 100 cells are scored from each animal from at least two slides; the scoring of less than 100 cells/animals should be justified.
Swedish: Normalt påvisas 100 celler från varje försöksdjur från minst två utstryksglas. om mindre än 100 celler/försöksdjur påvisas bör detta motiveras.
English: In addition to the provisions in Article 22(1)(e) of this Directive, containers of whatever capacity containing substances presenting an aspiration hazard (Xn; R65) and classified and labelled according to paragraph 3.2.3 of Annex VI to this Directive, with the exception of substances placed on the market in the form of aerosols or in a container fitted with a sealed spray attachment, shall be fitted with child-proof fastenings.
Swedish: Som komplement till bestämmelserna i artikel 22.1 i detta direktiv skall behållare, oavsett storlek, som innehåller ämnen som utgör en risk för aspiration (Xn; R65) och som klassificerats och märkts i enlighet med punkt 3.2.3 i bilaga 6 till detta direktiv, med undantag för ämnen som släpps ut på marknaden i form av aerosoler eller i en behållare försedd med en förseglad sprayanordning, vara försedda med barnskyddande förslutningar.
Czech: Kromě ustanovení čl. 22 odst. 1 písm. e) této směrnice, musí být obaly o jakémkoli objemu obsahující látky, s nimiž je spojeno riziko při vdechování (Xn; R 65) a které jsou klasifikovány a označeny podle bodu 3.2.3 přílohy VI této směrnice, s výjimkou látek uvedených na trh ve formě aerosolů nebo v nádobách opatřených aerosolovým rozprašovačem, opatřeny uzávěry odolnými proti otevření dětmi.
Polish: Oprócz przepisów w art. 22 ust. 1 lit. e) niniejszej dyrektywy, pojemniki o jakiejkolwiek pojemności zawierające substancje stwarzające zagrożenie w przypadku wdychania (Xn; R65) oraz klasyfikowane i etykietowane zgodnie z ppkt. 3.2.3 załącznika VI do niniejszej dyrektywy, z wyjątkiem substancji wprowadzanych do obrotu w postaci aerozoli lub w szczelnych pojemnikach ze spryskiwaczem, powinny być wyposażone w zamknięcia zabezpieczające przed dostępem dzieci.
Hungarian: Ezen irányelv 22. cikk (1) bekezdése e) pontjának rendelkezésein kívül a belégzésveszélyt (Xn: R65) képviselő és ezen irányelv VI. melléklete 3.2.3. bekezdésének megfelelően osztályozott és címkézett anyagokat tartalmazó mindenféle űrtartalmú tárolót fel kell szerelni gyermekbiztos zárószerkezettel, aeroszolok alakjában vagy zárt spray tartozékkal felszerelt tartályokban forgalomba hozott anyagok kivételével.
Bulgarian: В допълнение към разпоредбите в член 22, параграф 1, буква д) от настоящата директива, контейнери с всякакъв обем, които съдържат вещества, представляващи опасност при вдишване (Xn; R65) и са класифицирани и етикетирани съгласно параграф 3.2.3 от приложение VI към настоящата директива, с изключение на веществата, пуснати на пазара под формата на аерозоли или в контейнер, оборудван със запечатано приспособление за пръскане, следва да бъде снабдено със закрепващи устройства за предпазване от деца.
Lithuanian: Papildant šios direktyvos 22 straipsnio 1 dalies e punkto nuostatas, bet kokios talpos pakuotės su kvėpavimui pavojingomis medžiagomis (Xn; R65), kurios yra suklasifikuotos ir pažymėtos pagal 6 priedo 3 dalies 2 punkto 3 pastraipą, išskyrus medžiagas, kurios pateikiamos į rinką aerozolių pavidalu arba pakuotėje su užsandarintu purkštuvu, turi būti uždarytos taip, kad vaikai negalėtų jų atidaryti.
English: The animals are identified uniquely. The animals are acclimated to the laboratory conditions for at least five days. Cages should be arranged in such a way that possible effects due to cage placement are minimised.
Swedish: Burar bör arrangeras på ett sådant sätt att möjliga effekter beroende på placeringen av burarna blir så små som möjligt. Djuren skall ha en unik identifiering. De bör vänjas vid förhållandena i laboratoriet under minst fem dagar.
English: These should include four strains of S. typhimurium (TA 1535; and TA100) that have been shown to be reliable and reproducibly responsive between laboratories.
Swedish: Dessa bör inkludera fyra av S. typhimurium (TA 1535; och TA100) som har visat sig vara tillförlitliga och ge en reproducerbar respons i olika laboratorier.
Latvian: No tiem četriem jābūt S. typhimurium (TA 1535; un TA100), jo pierādīts, ka ar tiem iegūst drošus un dažādās laboratorijās atkārtojamus rezultātus.
English: Healthy young adult males are randomly assigned to the control and treatment groups. Cages should be arranged in such a way that possible effects due to cage placement are minimised. The animals are identified uniquely. The animals are acclimated to the laboratory conditions for at least five days prior to the start of the study.
Swedish: Friska, unga vuxna djur väljs ut slumpartat för placering i kontroll- och behandlingsgrupperna. Burar bör arrangeras på ett sådant sätt att möjliga effekter beroende på placeringen av burarna blir så små som möjligt. Djuren skall ha en unik identifiering. De bör vänjas vid förhållandena i laboratoriet under minst fem dagar innan undersökningen börjar.
English: and classified and labelled according to paragraph 3.2.3 of Annex VI to this Directive, with the exception of substances placed on the market in the form of aerosols or in a container fitted with a sealed spray attachment, shall be fitted with child-proof fastenings.
German: und die gemäß Ziffer 3.2.3 des Anhangs VI dieser Richtlinie eingestuft und gekennzeichnet sind - abgesehen von Stoffen, die als Aerosole oder in Behältern mit einer versiegelten Sprühvorrichtung in Verkehr gebracht werden -, kindergesicherte Verschlüsse aufweisen.
Swedish: och som klassificerats och märkts i enlighet med punkt 3.2.3 i bilaga 6 till detta direktiv, med undantag för ämnen som släpps ut på marknaden i form av aerosoler eller i en behållare försedd med en förseglad sprayanordning, vara försedda med barnskyddande förslutningar.
English: Results :
German: Ergebnisse:
English: The purpose of the in vitro chromosomal aberration test is to identify agents that cause structural chromosome aberrations in cultured mammalian cells.
German: Der In-Vitro-Test auf Chromosomenaberrationen dient zum Nachweis von Agenzien, die in Säugerzellkulturen strukturelle Chromsomenaberrationen auslösen.
English: An increase in the number of cells with endoreduplicated chromosomes may indicate that the test substance has the potential to inhibit cell cycle progression.
German: Eine zahlenmäßige Zunahme der Zellen mit endoreduplizierten Chromosomen ist möglicherweise ein Anzeichen dafür, daß die Prüfsubstanz die Zellzyklusprogression zu hemmen vermag.
English: An increase in endoreduplication may indicate that the test substance has the potential to inhibit cell cycle progression.
German: Eine zahlenmäßige Zunahme der Endoreduplikation ist möglicherweise ein Anzeichen dafür, daß die Prüfsubstanz die Zellzyklusprogression zu hemmen vermag.
English: If bone marrow is used, the animals are sacrificed at appropriate times after treatment, the bone marrow extracted, and preparations made and stained.
German: Bei Verwendung von Knochenmark werden sie zu einem geeigneten Zeitpunkt nach der Behandlung getötet. Das Knochenmark wird entnommen, präpariert und gefärbt.
English: When peripheral blood is used, the blood is collected at appropriate times after treatment and smear preparations are made and stained.
German: Findet peripheres Blut Verwendung, so wird es zu geeigneten Zeitpunkten nach der Behandlung entnommen, und es werden Ausstrichpäparate hergestellt und gefärbt.
English: Each treated and control group must include at least five analysable animals per sex.
German: Jede Behandlungs- und Kontrollgruppe muß pro Geschlecht mindestens 5 analysierbare Tiere umfassen.
English: Blood cells are immediately stained supravitally or smear preparations are made and then stained.
German: Die Blutzellen werden sofort supravital gefärbt, oder es werden Ausstrichpäparate hergestellt und dann gefärbt.
English: The used of a DNA specific stain (e.g. acridine orange or Hoechst 33258 plus pyronin-Y) can eliminate some of the artifacts associated with using a non-DNA-specific stain.
German: Durch Verwendung eines DNA-spezifischen Farbstoffs (z. B. Acridin Orange oder Höchst 33258 plus pyronin-Y) lassen sich bestimmte Artefakte vermeiden, die bei Verwendung eines nicht DNA-spezifischen Farbstoffs auftreten.
English: Additional systems (e.g. cellulose columns to remove nucleated cells) can also be used provided that these systems have been shown to adequately work for micronucleus preparation in the laboratory.
German: Zusätzliche Systeme (z. B. Cellulosesäulen zur Entfernung kernhaltiger Zellen) können ebenfalls verwendet werden, falls sich diese Systeme nachweislich bei der Mikrokernpräparation im Labor bewährt haben.
English: Among those commonly used are the plate incorporation method, the preincubation method, the fluctuation method, and the suspension method.
German: Zu den gebräuchlichsten Verfahren zählen die Platteninkorporationsmethode, die Vorinkubationsmethode, die Fluktuationsmethode und die Suspensionsmethode.
English: Modifications for the testing of gases or vapours have been described.
German: Beschrieben wurden auch Abänderungen zur Untersuchung von Gasen oder Dämpfen.
English: The following 'special cases' could be identified (together with examples of procedures that could be used for their detection): azo-dyes and diazo compounds, gases and volatile chemicals and glycosides.
German: Es könnten sich die folgenden 'Sonderfälle' ergeben (mit Beispielen für möglicherweise geeignete Nachweisverfahren): Azofarbstoffe und Diazoverbindungen, Gase und flüchtige chemische Stoffe sowie Glycoside.
English: Such substances may be detected by E. coli WP2 strains or S. typhimurium TA102 which have an AT base pair at the primary reversion site.
German: Diese Substanzen lassen sich durch Stämme von E. Coli WP2 oder S. typhimurium TA102 nachweisen, die am primären Reversionslocus ein AT-Basenpaar aufweisen.
English: For azo-dyes and diazo-compounds, using a reductive metabolic activation system may be more appropriate.
German: Bei Azofarbstoffen und Diazoverbindungen ist möglicherweise eher der Einsatz eines reduktiven Stoffwechselaktivierungssystems angebracht.
English: The solvent/vehicle should not be suspected of chemical reaction with the test substance and should be compatible with the survival of the bacteria and the S9 activity.
German: Das Lösungsmittel/Vehikel sollte nicht im Verdacht stehen, mit der Prüfsubstanz eine chemische Reaktion einzugehen, und es sollte mit dem Überleben der Bakterien und der S9-Aktivität kompatibel sein.
English: For the plate incorporation method, without metabolic activation, usually 0,05 ml or 0,1 ml of the test solutions, 0,1 ml of fresh bacterial culture (containing approximately 108 viable cells) and 0,5 ml of sterile buffer are mixed with 2,0 ml of overlay agar.
German: Bei der Platteninkorporationsmethode ohne Stoffwechselaktivierung werden gewöhnlich 0,05 ml oder 0,1 ml Prüflösung, 0,1 ml frische Bakterienkultur (mit ca. 108 lebensfähigen Zellen) und 0,5 ml sterile Pufferlösung mit 2,0 ml Schichtagar vermischt.
English: For the preincubation method, the test substance/test solution is preincubated with the test strain (containing approximately 108 viable cells) and sterile buffer or the metabolic activation system (0,5 ml) usually for 20 minutes or more at 30-37 °C prior to mixing with the overlay agar and pouring onto the surface of a minimal agar plate.
German: Bei der Vorinkubationsmethode wird die Prüfsubstanz/Prüflösung ca. 20 Minuten oder länger bei 30-37 °C mit dem Versuchsstamm (der ca. 108 lebensfähige Zellen enthält) und der sterilen Pufferlösung oder dem Stoffwechselaktivierungssystem (0,5 ml) vorinkubiert, bevor sie mit dem Schichtagar vermischt und auf der Oberfläche einer Minimalagarplatte ausgegossen wird.
English: Gaseous or volatile substances should be tested by appropriate methods, such as in sealed vessels.
German: Gasförmige oder flüchtige Substanzen sind mit Hilfe geeigneter Methoden zu prüfen, z. B. in hermetisch verschlossenen Gefässen.
English: Suitable cell lines include L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, the CHO, CHO-AS52 and V79 lines of Chinese hamster cells, and TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells.
German: Zu den geeigneten Zellinien gehören Maus-Lymphomazellen L5178Y, die Zellinien CHO, CHO-AS52 und V79 des chinesischen Hamsters und menschliche Lymphoblastoidzellen TK6.