FrancophonIA/DGT-Translation_Memory huggingface dataset:
English: Third Edition, Interscience Publications, New York, 1959, volume I, Part I, Chapter VIII.
Slovak: Technique of organic chemistry, Physical methods of organic chemistry, Third Edition, Interscience Publications, New York, 1959, volume I, Part I, Chapter VIII.
English: Density hydrometers; construction, adjustment and use
Slovak: Density hydrometers, construction, adjustment and use
English: Density hydrometers; standardized sizes, designation
Slovak: Density hydrometers, standardized sizes, designation
English: ISO 649-2 Laboratory glassware:
Slovak: ISO 649-2 Laboratory glassware:
English: Density hydrometers for general purpose
Slovak: Density hydrometers for general purpose
English: DIN 53217 Testing of paints, varnishes and similar coating materials; determination of density; immersed body method
Slovak: DIN 53217 Testing of paints, varnishes and similar coating materials, determination of density, immersed body method
English: ISO 758 Liquid chemical products; determination of density at 20 C
Slovak: ISO 758 Liquid chemical products, determination of density at 20 °C
English: DIN 53217 Testing of paints, varnishes and similar products; determination of density by pycnometer
Slovak: DIN 53217 Testing of paints, varnishes and similar products, determination of density by pycnometer
English: Testing of mineral oils and related materials; determination of density
Slovak: Testing of mineral oils and related materials, determination of density
English: Prüfung von Anstrichstoffen und ähnlichen Beschichtungsstoffen; Pulverlack;
Slovak: Prüfung von Anstrichstoffen und ähnlichen Beschichtungsstoffen, Pulverlack;
English: Apparatus The effusion apparatus consists of the following basic parts: - a tank that can be thermostated and evacuated and in which the effusion cells are located, - a high vacuum pump (e.g. diffusion pump or turbomolecular pump) with vacuum gauge, - a trap, using liquefied nitrogen or dry ice. An electrically heated, aluminium vacuum tank with 4 stainless steel effusion cells is shown in figure 5 for example.
Slovak: Prístroje Výtokový prístroj pozostáva z týchto základných častí: - nádoby (nádržky), ktorá môže byť termostaticky udržiavaná pri stálej teplote a vákuovaná a v ktorej sú umiestnené výtokové komôrky, - vysokovákuovej vývevy (napríklad difúznej vývevy alebo turbomolekulárnej vývevy) s podtlakovým (vákuovým) ventilom, - zachytávača s použitím skvapalneného dusíka alebo suchého ľadu. Na obrázku č. 5 je ako príklad znázornená elektricky zohrievaná hliníková vákuová nádoba so štyrmi výtokovými komôrkami s nehrdzavejúcej ocele.
English: Ambrose, D.; Lawrenson, I.J.; Sprake, C.H.S. J. Chem. Thermodynamics 1975, vol. 7, 1173.
Slovak: Ambrose, D., Lawrenson, I. J., Sprake, C.H.S. J. Chem. Thermodynamics 1975, vol. 7, 1173.
English: for providing an estimate or limit value in cases where the experimental method cannot be
Slovak: na poskytnutie odhadu alebo medznej hodnoty v prípadoch, kde sa pokusná metóda nemôže
English: 1 N/m = 103 dynes/cm1
Slovak: 1 N/m = 103 dyn/cm
English: mN/m = 1 dyne/cm in the obsolete cgs system
Slovak: N/m = 1 dyn/cm v zastaranej jednotkovej sústave cgs.
English: surface tension (reading) stating both the individual readings and their arithmetic mean as well as the corrected mean (taking into consideration the equipment factor and the correction table), - concentration of the solution,
Slovak: povrchové napätie (hodnoty odčítané zo stupnice) uvádzajúce jednotlivé samostatné odčítania hodnôt a ich aritmetický priemer, ako aj korigované stredné hodnoty (zohľadňujúce koeficient zariadenia a korekčnú tabuľku),
English: Figure 3 A typical microcolumn
Slovak: Typická mikrokolóna
English: The use of buffer solutions in place of water should be considered for such compounds; the pH of the buffer should be at least 1 pH unit from the pKa of the substance and bearing in mind the relevance of this pH for the environment.
Slovak: V prípade takýchto prípravkov by sa malo uvažovať o použití tlmivých roztokov namiesto vody, pričom hodnota pH tlmivého roztoku by mala predstavovať minimálne jednu jednotku pH z pKa testovanej látky, a zároveň treba mať na pamäti závažnosť tejto hodnoty pH pre životné prostredie.
English: Substances with very low solubility in n-octanol tend to give abnormally low log Pow values with the HPLC method; the peaks of such compounds sometimes accompany the solvent front.
Slovak: Látky s veľmi nízkou rozpustnosťou v n-oktanole majú pri použití metódy vysokoúčinnej kvapalinovej chromatografie tendenciu vykazovať abnormálne nízke hodnoty log Pow, pričom zóny takýchto prípravkov sa niekedy spájajú s čelom rozpúšťadla.
English: Fujisawa and E. Masuhara, J. Biomed. Mat.
Slovak: Fujisawa and E. Masuhara, J. Biomed.
English: Leo, C. Hansch and D. Elkins, Partition coefficients and their uses. Chem.
Slovak: Leo, C. Hansch and D. Elkins, Partition coefficients and their uses.
English: Seydel and K.J. Schaper, Chemische Struktur und biologische Aktivität von Wirkstoffen,
Slovak: Seydel and K. J. Schaper, Chemische Struktur und biologische Aktivität von Wirkstoffen.
English: Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, New York 1979.
Slovak: Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, New York 1979.
English: Nirrlees, S.J. Noulton, C.T. Murphy, P.J. Taylor; J. Med.
Slovak: Nirrlees, S. J. Noulton, C. T. Murphy, P. J., Taylor, J. Med.
English: The value of the partition coefficient can be estimated by the use of the solubilities of the test substance in the pure solvents: For this:
Slovak: Hodnota rozdeľovacieho koeficientu sa môže odhadnúť použitím rozpustností testovanej látky v čistých rozpúšťadlách:
English: Pomona College, Medicinal Chemistry Project, Claremont, California 91711, USA, Log P Database and Med. Chem.
Slovak: Pomona College, Medicinal Chemistry Project, Claremont, California 91711, USA, Log P Database and Med.
English: Chem. - Chim.
Slovak: Chem.- Chim.
English: Definitions) but no deaths.
Slovak: Pojmy), ale nie smrť.
English: the number of animals found dead during the test or killed for humane reasons; a description of the toxic effects and, for the main study, whether compound-related evident toxicity was observed;
Slovak: Z nej musí vyplývať pre každú testovanú dávku počet zvierat na začiatku testu, počet zvierat s príznakmi otravy, počet zvierat, ktoré uhynuli počas testu alebo boli predčasne humánne usmrtené, opis toxických následkov a pre hlavný test opis prípadne látkou podmienených príznakov otravy, časový priebeh príznakov otravy, ako aj sekčné nálezy.
English: dose levels (with vehicle, if used, and concentration) - full results of all dose levels investigated
Slovak: skupiny dávok (prípadne vehikulim a koncentráciu),
English: tabulation of response data by sex and dose level (i.e. number of animals used; changes in body weight;
Slovak: kompletné výsledky všetkých testovaných dávok,
English: nature, severity and duration of effects) - time course of onset of signs of toxicity and whether these were reversible
Slovak: časový priebeh od začiatku príznakov otravy a údaje o tom, či boli nezvratné, alebo nie,
English: Results from well-validated alternative studies; materials which have been shown to have potential corrosive or severe irritant properties should not be further tested for eye irritation, it being presumed that such substances will produce severe effects on the eyes in a test using this method.
Slovak: Výsledky z dobre validovaných alternatívnych štúdií látky, ktoré vykázali žieravé alebo silno dráždivé vlastnosti, by sa nemali ďalej testovať na dráždivosť očí, pretože sa môže vychádzať z toho, že takéto látky môžu v teste, v ktorom sa aplikovala táto metóda, vyvolať silné účinky na očiach.
English: individual records should be maintained for each animal. All the animals should be observed daily and signs of toxicity recorded including the time of onset, their degree and duration.
Slovak: Všetky zvieratá sa musia denne pozorovať, zapisovať príznaky toxických účinkov, v rámci toho aj čas vzniku, ako aj stupeň a trvanie.
English: It is also recommended that food consumption is measured weekly. Regular observation of the animals is necessary to ensure that animals are not lost from the study due to causes such as cannibalism, autolysis of tissues or misplacement.
Slovak: Pravidelné pozorovanie zvierat je potrebné, aby sa dalo čo najlepšie zabezpečiť, aby zvieratá neuhynuli počas testu na kanibalizmus, autolýzu tkanív alebo chybu pri premiestňovaní.
English: Prior to sacrifice, animals are injected intraperitoneally with an appropriate dose of the spindle inhibitor to obtain an adequate number of cells in c-metaphase. Bone-marrow is obtained from both femora of freshly killed animals by rinsing with an isotonic solution.
Slovak: Pred usmrtením sa zvieratám intraperitoneálne vstrekne vhodná dávka mitotického jedu, aby sa získal dostatočný počet buniek, ktoré sú v metafáze c. Kostná dreň sa získa z oboch stehenných kostí zvierat, a to vypláchnutím izotonickým roztokom bezprostredne po usmrtení zvierat.
English: Bone-marrow is obtained from both femora of freshly killed animals by rinsing with fetal calf serum. The cells are sedimented by centrifugation and the supernatant is discarded.
Slovak: Kostná dreň sa získa z oboch stehenných kostí zvierat, a to vypláchnutím izotonickým roztokom bezprostredne po usmrtení zvierat.
English: dose levels, toxicity, composition of media; treatment procedures (preincubation incubation); metabolic activation system;
Slovak: veľkosti dávky, toxicitu, zloženie médií, postupy spracovania (predbežná inkubácia, inkubácia), metabolický aktivačný systém, referenčné látky, negatívne kontroly,
English: maximum loading of 1 g per litre for static and semi-static tests is recommended; for flow-through systems, higher loading is acceptable,
Slovak: maximálne dávkovanie 1 g/liter sa odporúča pre statický a semistatický test, pri prietokovom systéme je prijateľné aj vyššie dávkovanie,
English: When possible and for each observation time, the LC50 and the confidence limits (p = 0,05) should be estimated using standard procedures; these values should be rounded off to one, or at most two significant figures (examples of rounding off to two figures:
Slovak: Keď je to možné, pre každý pozorovací čas by sa mali odhadnúť LC50 a limity spoľahlivosti (p = 0,05) použitím štandardných postupov, tieto hodnoty sa zaokrúhlia na jedno alebo väčšinou dve platné číslice (príklady zaokrúhlenia na dve číslice:
English: 170 for 173,5; 0,13 for 0,127;
Slovak: 173,5 na 170, 0,127 na 0,13 a 1,21 na 1,2).
English: 1,2 for 1,21). In those cases where the slope of the concentration/percentage response curve is too steep to permit calculation of the LC50, a graphical estimate of this value is sufficient.
Slovak: V tých prípadoch, keď sklon krivky koncentrácia/percentá je príliš strmý a neumožňuje výpočet LC50, stačí grafický odhad tejto hodnoty.
English: 1,2 for 1,21). In those cases where the slope of the concentration/percentage response curve is too steep to permit calculation of the EC50, a graphical estimate of this value is sufficient.
Slovak: V tých prípadoch, keď sklon krivky koncentrácia/percentá je príliš strmý a neumožňuje výpočet EC50, stačí grafický odhad tejto hodnoty.
English: Dipotassium monohydrogen orthophosphate, K2HPO4 21,75 g Disodium monohydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate Na2HPO4.
Slovak: Hydrogénfosforečnan didraselný, K2HPO4 21,75 g
English: in the case of poorly soluble test chemicals, treatment given; - test method applied;
Slovak: v prípade slabo rozpustných testovaných látok alebo prípravkov ich úpravu,
English: scientific reasons and explanation should be given for any change of procedure; - data sheet;
Slovak: aplikovanú testovaciu metódu, mali by byť uvedené vedecké dôvody a vysvetlenia pri akejkoľvek zmene postupu,
English: Inoculum blank Flask 5:
Slovak: Banka 5:
English: Abiotic sterile control Flask 7:
Slovak: Banka 7: Kontrola na adsorpciu.
English: Adsorption control Flask 8:
Slovak: Banka 8:
English: Add the test material and reference substance, separately, as known volume of stock solutions, to replicate flasks to yield concentrations, contributed by the added chemicals, of 10 to 20 mg DOC or TOC/l; leave some flasks without addition of chemicals as inoculum controls.
Slovak: Oddelene pridajte testovaný materiál a referenčnú látku v známom objeme zásobných roztokov, použite paralelky v koncentráciách za prídavku látky alebo prípravku 10 až 20 mg DOC alebo TOC/l, nechajte niektoré banky bez prídavku látky alebo prípravku ako inokulové kontroly.
English: On the 28th day, withdraw samples (optionally) for DOC and/or specific analysis, measure the pH of the suspensions and add 1 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid to each flask; aerate the flasks overnight to drive off the carbon dioxide present in the test suspensions.
Slovak: Na 28. deň odoberte vzorky (voliteľné) na stanovenie DOC a/alebo špecifickú analýzu, merajte pH suspenzie a pridajte 1 ml koncentrovanej HCl do každej banky, prevzdušnite banky cez noc, aby sa odstránil CO2 prítomný v testovaných suspenziách.
English: Normally use from one drop (0,05 ml) to 5 ml of filtrate per litre of medium; trials may be needed to discover the optimum volume for a given effluent (See I.6.4.2. and I.6.5.).
Slovak: Používa sa jedna kvapka (0,05 ml) až 5 ml filtrátu na liter média, môžu byť potrebné pokusy na zistenie optimálneho objemu pre daný výtok (pozri I.6.4.2 a I.6.5).
English: Generally, the medium is ready for use after standing for 20 h, at the test temperature. Determine the concentration of dissolved oxygen for control purposes;
Slovak: Vo všeobecnosti je médium pripravené na použitie až po 20 hodinách státia pri teplote testovania.
English: TEST SUBSTANCE Name: Stock solution concentration: mg/l as chemical Initial concentration in medium, Co: mg/l as chemical
Slovak: TESTOVANÁ LÁTKA Názov: Koncentrácia zásobného roztoku: mg/liter chemickej látky. Počiatočná koncentrácia v médiu Co: mg/liter chemickej látky.
English: CcHhClclNnNanaOoPpSs without nitrification, ThODNH4 = 16 [2 c + 1/2 (h cl 3 n) + 3 s + 5/2 p + 1/2 na o]MW mg/mg
Slovak: CcHhClclNnNanaOoPpSs bez nitrifikácie ThOD 2 c + 1/2 + 3 s + 5/2 p + 1/2 na – o mg/mg
English: Remarks: Membrane filters are often impregnated with surfactants for hydrophilisation.
Slovak: Poznámky: Membránové filtre sú často impregnované povrchovo aktívnymi látkami kvôli hydrofilizácii.
English: B.1 bis Acute toxicity (oral)
Romanian: B.1 bis Toxicitate acută (administrare orală)
English: Figure 2 A:
Romanian: Figura 2A :
English: The methods and devices described here can be applied to liquid and low melting substances, provided that these do not undergo chemical reaction below the boiling temperature (for example auto-oxidation, rearrangement, degradation, etc.).
Romanian: Metodele și aparatele descrise în continuare pot fi aplicate substanțelor lichide și celor cu punct de topire scăzut, care nu intră în reacție chimică sub punctul de fierbere (de exemplu auto-oxidare, izomerizări, degradare etc.).
English: Pressure (units kPa)
Romanian: Presiunea (unități kPa)
English: Temperature (units K)
Romanian: Temperatura (unități K)
English: t = Celsius temperature, degree Celsius (C)
Romanian: t = temperatura Celsius, exprimată în grade Celsius (°C)
English: T = thermodynamic temperature, kelvin (K)
Romanian: T = temperatura termodinamică, exprimată în kelvini (K)
English: The temperature must be low enough to ensure that the air is sucked out, but in the case of multiple component system - it must not alter the composition of the material.
Romanian: Temperatura trebuie să fie suficient de scăzută pentru a asigura aspirarea aerului, dar în cazul sistemelor multicomponent trebuie să nu altereze compoziția materialului.
English: The gas employed must be dry (see figure 6a, key 4 relative humidity sensor)
Romanian: Gazul utilizat trebuie să fie uscat (a se vedea figura 6a, explicația 4 senzor de umiditate relativă).
English: The pressure at the outlet to the saturator must be measured, this may be done either:
Romanian: Se măsoară presiunea la ieșirea din coloana de saturație astfel:
English: log Pow 0 to 6),
Romanian: log Pow 0 până la 6);
English: e.g. if the substance is very friction sensitive then tamping is not appropriate.
Romanian: de exemplu, dacă substanța este foarte sensibilă la frecare, nu se recomandă tasarea.
English: Figure 4 Continued Fig. 4c Shock device for substances in powdered or paste-like form
Romanian: Figura 4 ContinuareFig. 4c Dispozitivul de șoc pentru substanțele sub formă de pulberi sau pastă
English: Fig. 4d Shock device for liquid substances (1) steel cylinders (2) guide ring for steel cylinders (3) locating ring with orifices (a) vertical section (b) plan (4) rubber ring (5) liquid substance (40 mm3) (6) space free from liquid
Romanian: Fig. 4d Dispozitivul de șoc pentru substanțele lichide(1)cilindri de oțel(2)inel de ghidare pentru cilindrii din oțel(3)inel de fixare cu orificiia)secțiune verticalăb)vedere de sus(4)inel din cauciucsubstanță lichidă (40 mm3)(5)(6)spațiu fără lichid
English: Fig. 4e Hammer (drop mass of 5 kg) (1) suspension spigot (2) height marker (3) positioning groove (4) cylindrical striking head (5) rebound catch Figure 5 Friction sensitivity apparatus
Romanian: Fig. 4e Ciocanul (masă de 5 kg în cădere)(1)lagăr axial de suspendare(2)indicator de înălțime(3)canelură de poziționare(4)cap cilindric de lovire(5)opritor de recul
English: Fig. 5b Starting position of peg on sample
Romanian: Fig. 5b Poziția de pornire a știftului pe probă
English: B.1 bis ACUTE TOXICITY (ORAL)
Romanian: bis TOXICITATE ACUTĂ (ADMINISTRARE ORALĂ)
English: The dose used is derived from the sighting study and is that which is likely to produce 'evident toxicity`
Romanian: Doza folosită rezultă din studiul orientativ și este cea susceptibilă de a produce "toxicitate evidentă"
English: (see 1.2. Definitions) but no deaths.
Romanian: (a se vedea 1.2. Definiții), dar nu mortalitate.
English: This procedure permits the identification of the 'discriminating dose`
Romanian: Această metodă permite identificarea "dozei de discriminare"
English: (see 1.2. Definitions), that is the highest of the pre-set dose levels which can be administered without causing mortality (including humane kills).
Romanian: (a se vedea 1.2. Definiții), care reprezintă cea mai mare doză prestabilită și care poate fi administrată fără a cauza mortalitate (inclusiv eutanasiere).
English: The initial dose level chosen should be that which is likely to produce evident toxicity but no compound-related mortality (including humane kills accidental deaths are not included but should be recorded).
Romanian: Doza aleasă inițial este cea susceptibilă să producă toxicitate evidentă, dar nu mortalitate datorată substanței de testat (inclusiv eutanasierea animalelor decesele accidentale nu sunt incluse, dar trebuie să fie înregistrate).
English: If a vehicle or other additives are used to facilitate dosing, they should be known not to produce toxic effects. Historical data can be used if appropriate.
Romanian: Dacă pentru facilitarea administrării se folosește un vehicul sau alt aditiv, trebuie să fie cunoscute eventualele efecte toxice ale acestuia.
English: Maintenance of a slight negative pressure inside the chamber (& ge 5 mm of water) will prevent leakage of the test substance into the surrounding area.
Romanian: Menținerea unei ușoare presiuni negative în incintă (de exemplu 5 mm H2O) previne pierderea substanței de testat în spațiul înconjurător.
English: tabulation of response data by sex and exposure level (i.e. number of animals that died or were killed during the test; number of animals showing signs of toxicity, number of animals exposed);
Romanian: înregistrarea rezultatelor pe sexe și nivel de expunere (numărul de animale moarte pe parcursul testului, numărul de animale care prezintă semne de toxicitate, numărul de animale expuse);
English: Approximately 24 hours before the test, fur should be removed by clipping or shaving from the dorsal area of the trunk of the animals, when clipping or shaving the fur, care must be taken to avoid abrading the skin which could alter its permeability.
Romanian: Cu aproximativ 24 DE ore înaintea testului, blana din zona dorsală a trunchiului animalelor se tunde sau se rade cu atenție pentru a nu produce escoriații care ar putea altera permeabilitatea pielii.
English: At least 5 animals are used at each dose level. T
Romanian: Pentru fiecare doză se folosesc cel puțin 5 animale,
English: hey should all be of the same sex.
Romanian: de același sex.
English: If the results of this test in one rabbit suggest the substance to be severely irritant (reversible effect) or corrosive (irreversible effect) to the eye using the procedure described, further testing for ocular irritancy in subsequent animals may not need to be carried out. Occasionally, further testing in additional animals may be appropriate to investigate specific aspects.
Romanian: În cazul în care rezultatele testului pe un singur iepure sugerează că substanța are acțiune iritantă severă (efect reversibil) sau corozivă (efect ireversibil) la nivel ocular, nu mai este necesară testarea suplimentară a iritației oculare la celelalte animale Uneori este adecvată testarea ulterioară pe un număr suplimentar de animale, pentru a investiga aspecte specifice.
English: p-phenylenediamine CAS N 106-50-3
Romanian: p-fenilendiamină nr. CAS 106-50-3
English: After the challenge exposure, skin reactions are recorded 24 and 48 hours after the removal of the patch, i.e. 30 and 54 hours after the beginning of application.
Romanian: După expunerea declanșatoare, reacțiile cutanate se înregistrează la 24 și la 48 de ore de la îndepărtarea bandajului, adică la 30 și 54 de ore de la începutul tratamentului.
English: Maintenance of a slight negative pressure inside the chamber (&le 5 mm of water) will prevent leakage of the test substance into the surrounding area.
Romanian: Menținerea unei presiuni ușor negative în incintă (≤ 5 mm coloană de apă) împiedică împrăștierea substanței în zona învecinată.
English: When the treatment does not cover the length of one whole cell cycle, fixation times are chosen to sample cells that are in different stages of the cell cycle during the treatment i.e. G1, S and G2.
Romanian: Dacă tratamentul nu acoperă durata unui ciclu celular complet, se aleg timpi de fixare multipli, în vederea prelevării eșantioanelor de celule care se găseau în timpul tratamentului în stadii diferite ale ciclului celular, adică G1, S și G2.
English: If for toxicity reasons this treatment does not cover the length of a whole cell cycle, fixation times are chosen to sample cells that are in different stages of the cell cycle during the treatment, i.e. G1, S and G2.
Romanian: Dacă, din motive de toxicitate, acest tratament nu acoperă un ciclu celular complet, se aleg timpi de fixare multipli, în vederea prelevării eșantioanelor de celule care se găseau în stadii diferite ale ciclului celular în momentul tratamentului, adică G1, S și G2.
English: TA 1538, TA 98, TA 97 2-nitrofluorene
Romanian: TA 1538, TA 98, TA 97 2-nitrofluoren
English: TA 1537 9-aminoacridine
Romanian: TA 1537 9-aminoacridina
English: TA 102 cumene hydroperoxide
Romanian: TA 102 hidroperoxid de cumen
English: In Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Evaluation (edited by F.I. Mayer and J.L.
Romanian: In Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Evaluation (edited by F. I. Mayer and J. L. Hamelink).
English: Hamelink). American Society for Testing and Materials.
Romanian: American Society for Testing and Materials.
English: Example of concentration percentage immobilisation
Romanian: Exemplu de concentrație/procent de imobilizare
English: surface waters soils or from a mixture of these.
Romanian: soluri sau dintr-un amestec al acestora.
English: or form:
Romanian: sau din:
English: a (b c)a × 100
Romanian: a – b – ca × 100