Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
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# SECRETBetsy PalmerReview of Manuel Ray y Rivero Files - Volumes I - XVIIIMay 1, 1978Volume XII - January 1964 - February 1964111108471. Intelligence Information Cable, 4 January 1964 - information from Carlos Hernandez Hernandez, an Executive Member of Brigade 2506 veterans Association said the Brigade rejected a proposed alliance with JURE on December 7, 1963. Brigade is apposed to Artime, but more opposed to Ray.2. Identification provided by CIA for Ray in his attempt to infiltrate Cuba. Request made 6 January 1964 - Ray to use identity of Juan Cardenas Mendez.3. Cable to Director from JMWAVE, dated 8 January 1964, Dir Cite WAVE 0106[AMOT-84]said he learned from newspaperman Abelardo (Garcia) Berry that Ray had met in Paris with Carlos Franqui Mesa to propose that Franqui join Ray's organization, that is, sector of "Betrayed Revolution". Garcia believes that in order to obtain Franqui's defection, Ray told him about alleged plans of U.S. to overthrow Castro in which Ray was to play a prominent part. Garcia further believes that Franqui's "falling into disgrace" in Cuba is a trick of Castro and Franqui.4. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dated 8 January 1964 states that Governor Munoz Marin, Puerto Rico, pledged to give Ray double any amount Ray raised on a bond sale by JURE to buy guns. JURE has large quantity of arms in P.R. under protection of the Governor.5. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dated 14 January 1964. Cisneros said JURE has military training base in Costa Rica under command of Julio Cesar Alonso, Military Chief of JURE. All JURE boats now at Costa Rican base and also arms which had been in Puerto Rico. Said JURE leaders do not plan to work in Miami area or anywhere else in U.S. because they are afraid CIA will seize their military equipment.6. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 16 Jan 1964 [Amtau/?]reported that Julio Cesar Alonso replaced as chief of Costa Rican military base of JURE because of his failure to go on a scheduled operation. (Check to see if this was the aborted mission of 25 November 1963)WAVE, dated 30 January 1964. [Amtaup/2]reported Sanchez and Rogelio Cisneros. Cisneros said FBI and up JURE arms and explosives cached at Cajon de ld pick cacheup, it was discovered by a fisherman who RE boat found and searched, but not retained as they guns overboard. Governor of P.R. called newspapers ught Castro had cached the arms in order to overthrow id this to sidetrack FBI and INS investagations and Ray's activities would be revealed. Cisneros n P.R. and registered in Panama in name of person o governor P.R. and bitter enemy of CIA. [Antaup/2].R. was trusted by Jure, to which Cisneros replied nationalist and enemy of U.S. imperialist politics of CIA.SECRET
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SECRETBetsy PalmerVolume XII - Manual RayPage 2111108486. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 31 Jan 64 - Article in Miami Herlad about the discovery of arms cache in Puerto Rico confirms accuracy of [Amtaup/c] reporting that Ray involved in robbery U.S. Military installation and that Governor Marin is misleading FBI investigation. WAVE believes the C-3 explosive found in cache was provided Ray by WAVE as directed by Hdqtrs, but WAVE did not provide any weapons. WAVE will tell loaal FBI that they know nothing regarding background of cache discovery and assume Hdqtrs will coordinate case at Wash.D.C. level with FBI.7. Intelligence Information Cable, dated 4 Feb. 1964 - reliable source says RAY expected in Caracas, Venezuela middle of February 1964 to establish a guerrilla training base for JURE in venezuela. Will be a regional center used by JHRE members in Venezuela and Panama. (Likely that if Ray succeeds in setting up camp, it will be with tacit consent of Betancourt government. Field Comment). Ray claims he will be inside Cuba by 20 May 1964.8. Cable to DIR from [Panama City] dated 9 Feb 1964 states JOSE MARIA PUENTE BLANCO, Panamanian/Cuban, DOB 17 July 1930, Havana, Cuba, keft Panama City for Caracas on 8 Feb. He is possible Castro agent and [Panama City] would appreciate information re his activities in Caracas and/or subsequent travel.9. Memo for the Record, dtd 12 Feb 1964 from Alfonso Rodriguez   Subject: Meeting with [AMBANG/1]ELC, according to Ray, was now disolved and became a part of JURE on 17 Jan. 1964. This brings to JURE the best former rebel army officers in exile and should give JURE a military background and support second to none in the exile community.Comments: [AMTAUP/2] reports have indicated Cisneros activities and statements are directed against the CIA. Rodriguez discusses [Amtaup/2] reporting with [Tony Sforza] and Warren Frank. If Cisneros is in fact directing a program of denigration against the CIA, suggest agency follow the activities of Dionisio Suarez Esquival, who reportedly has been selected to carry out such a program in various Latin American univerities.10. Cable to DIR from [Panama City] dated 22 Feb. 1954. The PUENTE BLANCO brothers have been under some suspicion since their arrival in [BACY] following their release from Cuban prison as result of intervention of Thelma King. Part of suspicion is a result of activities of their brother, Jorge, still in Cuba.SECRET
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# SECRETBetsy PalmerReview of Manuel Ray y Rivero Files - Volumes I - XVIIIMay 1, 1978Volume XIII - March 1964 - April 1964111108491. Memorandum to Acting Chief, Contact Division, dated 6 March 1964   From: Cincinnati R.A.   Thru: Chief, Detroit Office   SUBJECT: Castro Type Subversion Likely/Manuelo Ray Dangerous Exile Leader now in Puerto Rico   REFERENCE: CR-64-2 and WH-1694Architect, Nocholas Quintana, residing in Cuba, told the following to a Mr. Raphael Katzen, consulting engineer in U.S. Manuelo Ray is in Quintana's opinion more dangerous to U.S. than Castro. Ray is not a Soviet type Communist according to Quintana, but his socialism is so extreme and his anti-U.S. feelings so deep that he considers Ray a dangerous exile leader, at least to the U.S.Manuelo Ray is known to be of interest to the local FBI (Cincinnati).DCP file(Check -- is this CIA memo?)2. Memorandum for the Record, dated 16 March 1964   From: Sidney P. Di Ubaldo   Subject: Contact Report, Meeting with Ernesto BetancourtBetancourt has known Ray for several years and admired him through all various seasons of their relationship. Betancourt impressed with Ray's organizational talents and talents as an engineer.. Says Ray an effective and judicious personality and appeals to Cuban exiles of various stripes. Betancourt expressed a fear that Ray, in his zeal, might commit himself to such tight timing that he would be forced to undertake action at a disadvantageous moment.Di Ubaldo comments that if Betancourt was leading him on in an attempt to sell Ray to him, it was done with a "subtlety to which I am definitely not accustomed".3. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 17 March 1964. Cisneros told AMTAUP/2 that CIA had ordered personnel of AMWORLD( Artime's group) boats to fire on JURE boats and therefore Cisneros had instructed his crewmen to fire on CAMWORLD boats wherever encountered. CITE WAVE 3691Cisneros had meeting at his home on 15 March, attended by Armando Alanis Angulo, Dunney Perez Alamo, Jose Puente Blanco, National Chief JURE youth and member of JURE national Executive, and AMMAUI/2 Cisneros related that Romulo Betancourt told Ray in Caracas that Betancourt will work in favor of JURE. Puente confirmed this. Betancourt promised to arrange urgent meeting with U.S. officials in Washington to get promise from them that CIA would not sabotage any of JURE's planned operations.SECRET
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SECRETBetsy PalmerManuel Ray - Volume XIIIPage 2111108504. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 28 March 1964 - [AM AUP/2] spoke with Blas Enrique Comas Castro, captain of JURE boad VENUS wnich is in Puerto Rico. Said Cisneros and Ray recently arrived in P.R. from Caracas and said Venus would be used to infiltrate Ray into Cuba in a few days.[AMTAUI/2] said Armando Alanis Angulo said he was leaving Miami on 30 March for new JURE base within 6 hours of Miami. Said base under responsibility of Dunney Perez alamo and himself. Also said Ray had chosen Venus to make trip to Cuba and Venus armed with 20MM gun, four 50 Cal and one 30 Cal machine guns.5. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 28 March 1964-[AM Al/2reports that Alanis, Perez and Antonio Arias Gonzalez, JURE members, are dissatisfied with Ray's organization because they had now been forbidden to criticize U.S. govarnment policies, and the fact that they were allowed to have a training camp near Miami indicated that Ray is accepting CIA ald. Cisneros claimed the main objective of JURE was to keep U.S. govt. entertained with the training base set up in Miami area and that departure of JURE members to infiltrate Cuba will be outside U.S.6. Accounting of funds received by Ray, from June 21, 1963 - April 8, 1964, show a total expenditure of $217,924.28 by CIA.7. Memo for the Chief, WH Division, dated 14 April 1964, from Alfonso Rodreguez - Subject: My Meeting with Ray on 13 April 1964.Essense of Ray's plans:1. Two teams expected to go into Oriente Province this week.2. Ray will turn over JURE contact with us to Cisneros, effective 23 April.Ray's immediate objective once in Cuba will be to initiate systematic, continuous bombings of strategic and non-strategic targets. Power plant in Havana, major refinery and aquaduct in Santa Clara are immediate objectives.8. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 26 April 1964. [AMD 12] reported that JURE training base opened near Tampa, Flal for 30 men and planning to set up a base in Dominican Republic.SECRET
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# SECRETBetsy PalmerFile Review, Manuel Ray y Rivero - Volumes I - XVIIIMay 1, 1978Volume XIV - May 1964 111108511.  [AMWORLD] Meeting in San Juan, P.R., 2-5 May 1964    Subject: Ray's Plans    Submitted by [Henry] 1. Hecksher] WH/SA/SO/HHRay's plans to infiltrate Cuba by 20 May were discussed at meeting. Questions about Ray's financing of Puerto Rican conference and ability to store arms and engage in training activities on U.S. soil were raised by [AMYUM/19/MRR] Member). He volunteered to tell [Hecksher] where arms could be found be [Hecksher] "quickly dissuaded him from divulging further details" at which point [AMYUM 19] commented that [GUERTLER] had reacted in a similar way when offered facts and figures about Ray's activities. Artime stated he would not put it past Ray to go into hiding in a secure place while pretending to be in Cuba.2.  Cable to JMWAVE from DIR, 7 May 1964 - After looking at [AMTAUP] material, it is obvious much of conspiratorial talk in JURE is for internal consumption only, the purpose being to protect myth that JURE is independent as basically hostile to CIA. In a desire to obtain proof of any anti-CIA or U.S. govt. activity by Ray, urge every effort to check accuracy of [AMTAUF/AMOT] reporting and follow through for any overt manifestations of many allegations made.3.  Memo for the Director of Central Intelligence, from Richard Helsm, DD/P, dated 13 May 1964. Subject: Plans of Manuel Ray and the JURE to infiltrate into Cuba.Helms says there is no question but that Ray seriously plans to enter Cuba sometime in May 1964. JURE has 6 teams ready to infiltrate -- a total of 27 men. Ray hopes with aid of 40 men, he can demonstrate that resistance is possible and that Castro can be defied.4.  Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 20 May 1964. Andrew St. George, on assignment with Time-Life, left Miami 18 May with JURE elements for rendezvous with Ray.5.  Memo for the Record dtd 20 May 1964, from Samuel Halpern    Subject: JURE Purchase of ArmsChronological resume of reports reaching WH/SA desk regarding attempted purchase of arms by JURE in El Monte, California.A. Revenue officials queried CIA re its knowledge of certain arms being handled by Juan Erquiaga Aizcorbe in L.A. area for shipment to Florida. WH/SA denied knowledge. Discussion about 20 May 1964.SECRET
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# SECRETBetsy Palmer11110852Manuel Ray - Volume XIVPage 2B. Rogelio Cisneros calls Rodriguez on 20 May to advise him certain arms being manufactured to JURE specifications' in El Monte and being investigated by U.S. Treasury. Cisneros says JURE has invested $50,000 in these weapons being manufactured bu Knuson (sic) Manufacturing Co.C. Rodriguez tells Cisneros this is pretty sad situation that JURE must make use of Costa Rican, Venezuelan and other L.A. connections or they were going to get "clobbered" in U.S.B. Halpern and Rodrigaez advised Mr. FitzGerald of the above. He agreed agency could not assist JURE in this matter. On 20 May, Mr. Bowdler of St. Dept. notified of the matter, and Deputy Chief, WH/SA advised.E. Joseph O'Neill of OGC called on 20 May and informed that JURE was involved but agency did not want Revenue called off its investigation because of the "autonomous" nature of our relationship with JURE.6. Cable to DIR from JMAVE, dtd 22 May 1964. Sender states that the manner of Tad Szulc in an office visit on May 21 and new confident tone expressed by Cisneros conveyed feeling to cable sender that Ray has made it into Cuba.7. Cable to JMWAVE from DIR, dated 23 May 1964. Request Reuteman advise [AMCARBON/1] that he has checked with hdqtrs and that Ray Is not receiving CIA support. Reuteman should trace history of intimate relationship of [AMCAPE/1 with Ray noting that since Bay of Pigs, [AMCAPE/1 has been serving, in effect, as a public relations man and lobbyist for Ray. Further explain to [AMCARBON/1 that [AMCAPE/1 must be credited with single-handedly placing entire Cuban nation on alert and causing withdrawal of masses of conscripted workers from cane fields merely by articles playing on theme of threat of infiltration of Ray and a few men. Tell [AMCARBON/1] that CIA would not become party to Ray operation knowing close relationship with [AMCAPE/1], particularly since latter well known to be less than friendly to CIA.8. Intelligence Information Cable, dtd 26 May 1964. Cisneros says that as of 23 May 1964, no contact has been established with Ray but Cisneros believes he has reached Cuba.9. Intelligence Information Cable, dtd 28 May 1964 - Cisneros says Ray has not as yet been able to infiltrate Cuba and will make another attempt night of 28 May 1964. Cisneros says vigilance by U.S. authorities over activities of JURE reps. in Florida making support of Ray's effort extremely difficult.# SECRET
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# SECRETFile Review of Manuel Ray y Rivero - Volumes I – XVIIIBetsy PalmerMay 1, 1978 11110853Volume XV - June 1964* 1. Intelligence Information Cable, dtd 30 May 1964 - information from     Rogelio Cisneros Diaz - as of 30 May 1964, Ray had not entered Cuba. Boat     to be used in final infiltration developed motor trouble. JURE reps were     making all out effort to go to Ray's aid with replacement for boat and an     additional supply of drinking water.* 2. Cable to JMWAVE from DIR, dated 2 June 1961, Ref: WAVE 7218 (in 95616)*     Please note similarities rumor reported Ref Para 2 and statement attributed     to Rogelio Cisneros that CIA had instructed AMWORLD boats to fire on JURE     boats per WAVE 3691 (IN 41477). Is this significant?* Artime's followers authorized to attack any of Ray's or Gutierrez's men  on high seas.* 2. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE dated 3 June 1964 ) stating that Ray and Andrew     St. George were among the individuals arrested by the British near Cayo Largo.     (Location of Anguilla Cay also used in cable). Detainees taken to Nassau.     Tom Dunkan, Life photographer, also in group..* 3. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 4 June 1964 - AMTAUP/2 reported that Ray's     organization going to make press statement that Ray's failure to enter     Cuba was fault of CIA.* 4. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE dtd 6 June 1964 reflects feelings of Cuban     exile community over Ray's failure to enter Cuba.a. Ray made a fool of himself by taking a girl and two non-Cubannewsmen with him, none of whome adapted to rigors of guerrillawarfare.b. British and U.S. participated in Ray's capturec. Whole thing was a publicity stunt which went wrong.d. Enrique Huertas jubilant over Ray's disgrace, but feels it isa loss of exile prestige and harbingers bleak and hopeless periode. Dr. Antonio Maceo says many have lost faith in Ray for lack ofaccomplishment this past year.f. Ray is laughing stock. Those who had hopes now feel he isonly an ambitious politican not will to keep promises.g. JURE members confused and undecided over how to defend Ray.Alanis and Zarraga wish to remove their followers from JURE.h. Cisneros states to AMTAUP that Ray will accuse U.S. govt oftreachery for cutting off economic aid one month ago and forsearching his home, automobile and offices (Cisnero's?) (Photostatsin volume XIV)# SECRET
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SECRETBetsy Palmer11110854Volume XV - June 1964Page 25. Memo for the Record, dtd 9 June 1964, from Alfonso Rodreguez   Subject: Possible Plans of RayOpinion of Rodriguez that Ray will attempt asap to mount another infiltration effort. He is relatively certain JURE has or can procure a small craft capable of making trip from Florida to Cuba. He also thinks that either Ray "would be willing to publicly give the lie to the TIME magazine article of 12 June 1964.6. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 10 June 1964 - re-canvassing of exile community reveals Ray's prestige at near-absolute low point. Trend is tendency to ignore Ray completely. Information that JURE in considerable dissension. Threats of various factions to withdraw unless Cisneros dismissed and national board reorganized.7. Memo for Record, dtd 12 June 1964 from Samuel Halpern   Subject: Information from the British in Answer to Questions Re;   Identify of American Who Allegedly Paid Manuel Ray's fine in Nassau.[Chris Phillpotts] called 12 June to say Gov. of Bahamas had replied to our query as to the identify of American who allegedly paid Ray's fine in Nassau. (see TIME of 12 June 1964, page 48 -- alleged CIA paid). Governor stated he had seen no such figure and to best of his knowledge, there was no such person. "I of course did not tell Chris Philipotts that we knew the identity of the American as reported to us by Rogelio Cisneros of JURE."8. Memo for Record, dtd 12 June 1964 from Alfonso Rodriguez   Subject: JURE telegram to TIME MagazineProtest falsity of information published by TIME re: capture of Manuel Ray and his group. False that a CIA ship participated in any phase of operation. Also false that a CIA individual paid fine -- the $84.00 was sent to JURE by an American citizen at request of one of his employees.9. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 27 June 1964: According to [AMFAST/6,]   Ray informed Pepe Catillo (Jose Garcia Valdez) their departure date for Cuba would be July 1. Boat to be used is unnamed Rybovitch rented in Ft. Lauderdale. Ray planning to stay in Cuba about 15 days.10. Memo for Record, dtd 29 June 1964, from Alfonso Rodriguez    Subject: Establishment of Base Abroad; Manuel Ray RiveroOn June 22, the Special Group agreed "no monies would be forthcoming, specifically a requested $25,000, until he ceased" all activities from U.S. mainland.SECRET
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# SECRETBetsy PalmerFile Review - Manuel Ray y Rivero - Volumes I - XVIIIMay 2, 1978Volume XVI - July 1, 1964 - August 28, 1964111108551.  Draft on Manuel Ray by Alfonso Rodriguez dtd 6 July 1964After his failure to reach Cuba during May 1964, Ray believes he must go into Cuba as soon as possible. Within JURE, according to Ray, his detention by the British is viewed as an unfortunate incident. Ray said some JURE members considering demonstrations before British embassies and consulates.2.  Memo for the Record dtd 7 July 1964 from Alfonso Rodriguez    Subject: Tad Szulc Relationship with Manuel RayRodriguez questioned Ray's using newspaper correspondents as emissaries to departments of the U.S. govt. Ray stated that Szulc took it upon himself to speak about matters related to assisting Ray. Rodriguez says it would be wrong to assume that Ray is controlled by Szulc but Ray "undoubtedly knows that Szulc has worked hard, first with President Kennedy and now, for him and his interest. This cannot but influence Ray."2. Intelligence Information Memo, 14 and 15 June 1964   Source: [Jose Alvarez Sola, private chauffeur of Rogelio Cisneros Diaz]JURE's national executive met 14/15 June to discuss crisis within the organization concerning Cisneros. Dr. Raul Chibas Ribas stated that if Cisneros not removed from his position, Chibas would make public his resignation.3. Memorandum for Director of Central Intelligence, dtd 9 July 1964   From: Desmond FitzGerald, Chief/WH Division   Subject: Chronology of Concept of Autonomous Operations and Summary of Financial Support to Manuel ArtimeAttachment A is listing of origin, briefings, discussions, and approvals by appropriate policy levels of the concept of autonomous operations and specifically support to Artime. Chron clearly shows that from the very beginning the problems inherent in autonomous operations were clearly stated at all times by the Agency and that appropriate policy levels were kept fully and regularly informed of the status of autonomous operations.Attachment B contains summary and breakdown of financial support for Artime. Summary states that, "From June 1963 through 30 June 1964 the Agency spent $4,933,293 in support of the Artime operation." Fixed monthly subsidy is $225,000.SECRET
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SECRETBetsy Palmer11110856Volume XVI - continuedpage 2## Origin of Autonomous OperationsIntegrated Covert Action Program for Cuba, approved by Higher Authority in June 1963, provided for "support of autonomous anti-Castro Cuban groups to supplement and assist in the execution" of other courses of action. Concept was first voiced in Sept. 1962 in Walter Rostow's proposal for a "Track Two" approach to Cuban operations. Parallel to regular CIA-controlled Cuban teams, CIA would extend financial aid and some advice and guidance to independent and uncontrolled Cuban leaders such as Manuel Ray.Rules of Engagement incorporated into June 1963 program.1.  "It is the keystone of autonomous operations that they will be executed exclusively by Cuban nationals motivated by the conviction that the overthrow of the Castro/Communist regime must be accomplished by Cubans, both inside and outside Cuba acting in consonance.2.  The effort will probably cost many Cuban lives. If this cost in lives becomes unacceptable to the U.S. conscience, autonomous operations can be effectively halted by the withdrawal of U.S. support; but once halted, they cannot be resumed.3.  All autonomous operations will be mounted outside the territory of the United States.4.  The United States Government must be prepared to deny publicly any participation in these acts no matter how loud or even how accurate may be the reports of Ut S. complicity.5.  The United States presence and direct participation in the operation would be kept to an absolute minimum. Before entering into an operational relationship with a group, the U.S. representative will make it clear that his Government has no intention of intervening militarily, except to counter intervention by the Soviets. An experienced CIA officer would be assigned to work with the group in a liaison capacity. He would provide general advice as requested as well as funds and necessary material support. He may be expected to influence but not control the conduct of operations.6.  These operations would not be undertaken within a fixed time schedule."4. Article from New York Times, Wednesday, July 15, 1964, bylined Tad Szulc "Ray Said To Leave For Cuba Landing - Castro Foe, Balked in May, Reported on Way Again."5. Cable to DIR from JMBARR dtd 15 Jul 1964. M/V True with Manolo Ray and crew returned Key West area --- had motor trouble.6. Cable to DIR from JMWAVE, dtd 18 July 1964. Ray's latest misadventures trying get into Cuba mid-July greeted with relative indifference majority Cuban exiles Miami area.7. Wireservice prinout - Miami, Flay, July 24, 1964. Three exile groups withdrew from Ray's JURE today protesting that Ray failed to make good his promise to enter Cuba to reactivate the anti-Castro underground. Spokesman was Jesus Dieguez of the Revolutionary National Assembly.SECRET