Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
[177-10001-10061.pdf — page 0]
# 2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992JFK Assassination SystemIdentification Form Date: 8/26/201Agency InformationAGENCY: LBJRECORD NUMBER: 177-10001-10061RECORD SERIES: NSF, COUNTRY FILE, CUBA, TDCS, VOL. 1, BOX 32AGENCY FILE NUMBER:Document InformationORIGINATOR: CIAFROM:TO:TITLE:DATE: 12/13/1963PAGES: 2SUBJECTS: CUBADOCUMENT TYPE: REPORTCLASSIFICATION: UnclassifiedRESTRICTIONS: 1BCURRENT STATUS: RedactDATE OF LAST REVIEW: 10/02/1998OPENING CRITERIA :COMMENTS: DOC. #170v9.1NW 50955 DocId:32282901 Page 126
[177-10001-10061.pdf — page 1]
# TELEGRAM IN.ORMATION REPORT TELEGRAMCENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCYThis material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.CLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEM/NO DISSEM ABROAD/CONTROLLED DISSEM/BACKGROUND USE ONLYCOUNTRY CUBAREPORT NO. TDCS DB-3/658,469SUBJECT ALERT STATUS OF CUBAN DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS, AS RESULT OF THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDYDATE DISTR. 13 DECEMBER 1963DATE OF INFO. 9 DECEMBER 1963PRECEDENCE ROUTINE!PLACE & DATE ACO. 9 DECEMBER 1963REFERENCES IN 79459FIELD REPORT NO.APPRAISAL THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.SOURCE A SENIOR CUBAN DIPLOMAT WHO IS AN ASTUTE OBSERVER AND HAS DEMONSTRATED MATURITY, DISCERNMENT, AND RELIABILITY IN HIS PAST REPORTING.1. ABOUT 2 DAYS AFTER THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY, CUBAN DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS ABROAD BEGAN TO RECEIVE A SERIES OF MESSAGES PLACING THEM ON A SPECIAL ALERT STATUS. THESE MESSAGES WERE OBVIOUSLY DUE TO APPREHENSION BY THE CUBAN GOVERNMENT THAT THE CIRCUMSTANCES SURROUND ING THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDY MIGHT LEAD TO HOSTILE ACTIVITY DIRECTED AGAINST THE MISSIONS. THE DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS, AMONG OTHER THINGS, WERE EXHORTED TO EXERCISE EXTREME VIGILANCE, TO MOUNT A NIGHT-AND-DAY WATCH OF MISSION PREMISES, TO BE CERTAIN THAT THERE WERE "NO COMPROMISINGBUNDY-SMITHALEXANDERBELKBERECKCHASEDANGEMANICELHORRESTALJOENSONKILDUFF.KLEINKOMERSAUNDERSSCHLESINGESMITH, WM, Y.CLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEM/NO DISSEM ABROAD/CONTROLLED DISSEM/BACKGROUND USE ONLYGROUP IExcluded from automaticdowngrading anddeclassificationTELEGRAM INFORMATION REPORT TELEGRAMFORM 1K OBSOLETE PREVIOUS EDITIONS.NW 50955 DocId:32282901 Page 2
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SECRETCLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION-CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEM/NO DISSEM ABROAD/CONTROLLED DISSEM/BACKGROUND USE ONLY TDCSDB-3/658,469IN 79459PAGE 2"DOCUMENTS ON THE PREMISES," AND TO BE ON GUARD AGAINST HOSTILEPROVOCATIONS.2. ONE CHIEF OF MISSION, WHO, FOLLOWING HIS USUAL   PRACTICE, REQUESTED BY TELEPHONE PERMISSION TO ACCEPT A   LONG-STANDING INVITATION TO VISIT A COUNTRY FRIENDLY TO   CUBA, WAS TOLD THAT HE MUST FORMALLY SUBMIT HIS REQUEST   BY CABLE. HE DID SO ON 29 NOVEMBER, BUT IT WAS NOT UNTIL   6 DECEMBER THAT HE RECEIVED THE AUTHORITY TO QUIT HIS POST.3. AS OF 9 DECEMBER THERE HAD BEEN NO INDICATION FROM   HAVANA THAT THE ALERT ORDER WAS TO BE CONSIDERED REVOKED.4. FIELD DISSEM: CINCLANT.END OF MESSAGECLASSIFICATION-DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEM/NO DISSEM ABROAD/CONTROLLED DISSEM/BACKGROUND USE ONLYSECRETNW 50955 DocId:32282901 Page 3
[177-10001-10063.pdf — page 0]
177-10001-10063 2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992JFK Assassination System Date: 8/26/201Identification FormAgency InformationAGENCY: LBJRECORD NUMBER: 177-10001-10063RECORD SERIES : NSF, COUNTRY FILE, CUBA, TDCS, VOL. 1, BOX 32.AGENCY FILE NUMBER:Document InformationORIGINATOR: CIAFROM:TO:TITLE:DATE: 11/24/1963PAGES: 2SUBJECTS: CUBADOCUMENT TYPE: REPORTCLASSIFICATION: SecretRESTRICTIONS: ConsultedCURRENT STATUS: WithholdDATE OF LAST REVIEW: 08/13/1993OPENING CRITERIA :COMMENTS: DOC. #188v9.1 12NW 50955 DocId:32282903 Page 1
[177-10001-10063.pdf — page 1]
# TELEGRAM INI ORMATION REPORT TELEGRAMCENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCYThis material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.SECRET(When Filled In)COUNTRY. URUGUAYCLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEMREPORT NO. TDCS-3/565,829SUBJECT CUBAN PRECAUTIONS FOLLOWING ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDYDATE DISTR. 24 NOVEMBER 1963 DY-SMITHALEXANDERBELKBRILDECKPRECEDENCE ROUT INEREFERENCESDINGEMANDUNGANFORRESTALDATE OF INFO. 22 NOVEMBER 1963PLACE & DATE ACO. URUGUAY, MONTEVIDEO (23 NOVEMBER 1963)FIELD REPORT NO. HUM-2414APPRAISAL 2THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVENSOURCE A URUGUAYAN POLICE OFFICIAL (B).KILDUFKLEINKOMERSAUNDERSSCHLESINGERSMITH, WM. Y. (CUBAN INTELLIGENCE SERVICE)1. RICARDO GUTTIEREZ TORRENS, THIRD SECRETARY AND CIS/   CHIEF OF THE CUBAN EMBASSY IN MONTEVIDEO, TELEPHONED THE MONTEVIDEO POLICE AT 1710 HOURS (MONTEVIDEO TIME) ON 22 NOVEMBER TO REQUEST EXTRA POLICE PROTECTION FOR THE CUBAN EMBASSY. GUTTIEREZ SAID THE EMBASSY HAD RECEIVED REPORTS THAT A MOB WAS PLANNING TO STONE THE EMBASSY.(FIELD COMMENT: THE NEWS OF PRES. KENNEDYS ASSASSINATION WAS RECEIVED IN MONTEVIDEOMAT APPROXIMATELY 1600 HOURS, MONTEVIDEO TIME).2. THE POLICE FURNISHED EXTRA PROTECTION TO BOTH THE CUBAN EMBASSY AND TO THE SOVIET LEGATION, ALTHOUGH THE LATTER HADSECRETCLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEMGROUP IExcluded from automatic downgrading and declassificationRSTATE/INR DIA ARMY/ACSI NAVY AIR JCS SECDEF NSA NIC AID USIA OCI ONE OCR ORR AX 00 EXOSTATE/DIRTELEGRAM INFORMATION REPORT TELEGRAMFORM 1K OBSOLETE PREVIOUS EDITIONS.NW 50955 DocId: 32282903 Page 2(15-20)
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CLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSSECRET(When Filled in)NO FOREIGN DISSEMTDCS-3/565,829IN 67186PAGE 2MADE NO REQUEST. AS OF 1600 HOURS 23 NOVEMBER THERE HAVE BEENNO DEMONSTRATIONS AGAINST EITHER DIPLOMATIC INSTALLATION. (FIELDCOMMENT: THE POPULACE OF MONTEVIDEO HAS BEEN PROFOUNDLY SHOCKEDAND GRIEF STRICKEN OVER PRES KENNEDY'S ASSASSINATION. A SPONTANEOUSCROWD ESTIMATED BY PRESS TO COMPRISE 3000 PERSONSMARCHED TO AMERICAN EMBASSY RESIDENCE EVENING OF22 NOVEMBER TO EXPRESS THEIR SORROW).3. FIELD DISSEM: STATE ARMY NAVY AIR CINCSO.END OF MESSAGECLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSSECRETNO FOREIGN DISSEMNW 50955 DocId:32282903 Page 3
[177-10001-10064.pdf — page 0]
177-10001-10064 2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992JFK Assassination System Date: 8/26/201Identification FormAgency InformationAGENCY: LBJRECORD NUMBER: 177-10001-10064RECORD SERIES : NSF, COUNTRY FILE, CUBA, TDCS, VOL. 1, BOX 32AGENCY FILE NUMBER:Document InformationORIGINATOR: CIAFROM:TO:TITLE:DATE: 11/23/1963PAGES: 2SUBJECTS: CUBADOCUMENT TYPE: REPORTCLASSIFICATION: SecretRESTRICTIONS: ConsultedCURRENT STATUS: WithholdDATE OF LAST REVIEW: 08/13/1993OPENING CRITERIA :COMMENTS: DOC. #190v9.1NW 50955 DocId:32282904 Page 113
[177-10001-10064.pdf — page 1]
# TELEGRAM INFORMATION REPORT TELEGRAMCENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCYThis material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C Secs. 793 and 794, he transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.SECRETCOUNTRY CUBACLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEMREPORT NO. TDCS-3/565,826SUBJECT COMMENTS OF CUBAN OFFICIALS ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDYDATE OF INFO. 22 NOVEMBER 1963PLACE & DATE ACO. CHILE, SANTIAGO (22 NOVEMBER 1963)APPRAISAL SEE BELOWDATE DISTR.. 23 NOVEMBER 1963PRECEDENCE ROUTINEREFERENCESFIELD REPORT NO.THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENTS TENTATIVE.SOURCE A CHILEAN WHO HAS A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE CUBAN EMBASSY IN SANTIAGO ACQUIRED THROUGH PROLONGED ASSOCIATION WITH THE OFFICIALS OF EMBASSY. HE IS AN ACCURATE, RELIABLE REPORTER.APPRAISAL: IT IS PROBABLY TRUE THAT THE REMARKS WERE MADE AS REPORTED.1. THE FOLLOWING ARE REMARKS MADE BY OFFICIALS OF THE CUBAN EMBASSY IN SANTIAGO REGARDING THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDY:A. ON 22 NOVEMBER JOSE TOHA, VICE PRESIDENT OF THE CHILEAN CUBAN CULTURAL INSTITUTE AND DIRECTOR OF THE PRO-CASTRO LEFTIST PRESS ULTIMA HORA , INFORMED PEDRO MARTINEZ PIREZ, CHARGE OF THE CUBAN EMBASSY IN SANTIAGO, THAT KENNEDY HAD BEEN ASSASSINATED. TOHA SAID "ESTE ASUNTO DE KENNEDY SE ESTA PONIENDO COLOR DE HORMIGAS" (POSSIBLY MEANS ASSASSINATION OF KENNEDY LOOKS LIKE IT COULD HAVE SERIOUS REPERCUSSIONS). MARTINEZ COMMENTED THAT HE HEARD THAT THE PERSON ARRESTED WAS PRESIDENT OF A FAIR PLAY FOR CUBA COMMITTEE AND THAT IF THE YANKEES OR CIA ASSASSINATED KENNEDY TO RESUME THE ASSAULT ON CUBA, THEN A THIRD WORLD WARCLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSSECRETSTATE/INR DIA ARMY/ACSI NAVY AIR JCS SECDEF NSA NIC AID USIA OCI ONE OCR ORR FBITATE/DIR I&NS TREASURY REPCINCLANTTELEGRAM INFORMATION REPORT TELEGRAMDRM 1K OBSOLETE PREVIOUS EDITIONS.NW 50955 DocId: 32282904 Page 2
[177-10001-10064.pdf — page 2]
SECRETCLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEMTDCS-3/565,826IN 67147PAGE 2WOULD START. HE SAID THINGS ARE VERY CLEAR AND THERE IS NO DOUBT THAT THEY HAVE ASSASSINATED HIM, THE CONTRADICTIONS ARE WELL DEFINED AND THE MOMENT WAS VERY SPECIAL, LIKE THAT OF THE MAINE. MARTINEZ SAID THE UNITED STATES IS NOW IN THE MOST DIFFICULT POSITION OF THE PAST SEVERAL YEARS IN LATIN AMERICA, THE WORLD, GOULART, ARGENTINE PETROLEUM, PERUVIAN LANDS, CHILEAN MINES AND IN GENERAL ALL OVER LATIN AMERICA. TOHA SAID HE WAS VERY WORRIED AFTER READING THE CABLE TRAFFIC. MARTINEZ ADDED THAT IF THE USA IS THINKING OF INVADING CUBA THEN THEY MUST HAVE EVERYTHING ALL PREPARED AND ALL THE STRATEGY READY AND THEREFORE THE ALARM MUST BE GIVEN SO THAT CUBA CAN BE PREPARED.B. THE CUBAN CONSUL AT VALPARAISO CALLED THE CUBAN EMBASSY IN SANTIAGO TO DETERMINE POLICY IN THE MATTER OF FLYING THE FLAG AT HALF MAST. THE REPLY WAS THAT THERE ARE NO DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE USA AND THAT NO OFFICIAL WORD HAD YET BEEN RECEIVED FROM CUBA, SO THEREFORE NOTHING SHOULD BE DONE. (FIELD COMMENT: THIS IS AGAINST PROTOCOL BECAUSE THE CHILEAN GOVERNMENT HAS DECREED OFFICIAL MOURNING INCLUDING FLYING FLAGS AT HALF MAST.)C. MARTINEZ REFUSED TO MAKE FURTHER STATEMENTS PREFERRING TO WAIT FOR OFFICIAL WORD FROM HABANA. SEVERAL TIMES HE DENIED THAT THE ASSASSIN WAS INVOLVED IN THE FAIR PLAY FOR CUBA COMMITTEE INSISTING THAT THIS PERSON IS ONLY A SUSPECT AND THAT EXTREME RIGHTISTS OR SEGREGATIONISTS ARE TO BLAME. MARTINEZ SAID HE BELIEVED THAT THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT WOULD TRY TO PUT THE BLAME ON CUBA.2. FIELD. DISSEM: CINCSO CINCLANT.END OF MESSAGESECRETCLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLSNO FOREIGN DISSEMNW 50955 DocId:32282904 Page 3
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 0]
# 2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992JFK Assassination SystemIdentification FormDate: 8/26/201## Agency InformationAGENCY: LBJRECORD NUMBER: 177-10001-10305RECORD SERIES : VP SECURITY FILE, CUBA, MISC. PAPERS, 5/61 & 11-12/62, BOX 9AGENCY FILE NUMBER:## Document InformationORIGINATOR: CIAFROM: CIATO:TITLE:DATE: 03/27/1963PAGES: 44SUBJECTS: NEED SUBJECT ASSIGNEDDOCUMENT TYPE: REPORTCLASSIFICATION: UnclassifiedRESTRICTIONS: 1BCURRENT STATUS: RedactDATE OF LAST REVIEW: 06/04/1998OPENING CRITERIA :COMMENTS: DOC. #2
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 1]
SECRET![image of the number 2]CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCYMemorandum![Seal of the Central Intelligence Agency]CUBAN TRAINING OFLATIN AMERICAN SUBVERSIVES27 March 1963SECRETNW 50955 DocId:32283208 Page 2
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 2]
THIS MATERIAL CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECT-ING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATESWITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE LAWS,TITLE 18, USC, SECTIONS 793 AND 794, THE TRANSMIS-SION OR REVELATION OF WHICH IN ANY MANNER TOAN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PROHIBITED BY LAW.NW 50955 DocId: 32283208 Page 3
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 4]
# SECRETOCI No. 0515/6327 March 1963CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCYMEMORANDUM: Cuban Training of Latin American SubversivesSUMMARY1. We estimate that at least 1,500 to 2,000 Latin Americans have received guerrilla training or political indoctrination in Cuba.2. We have recorded the travel of 5,059 Latin Americans to Cuba in 1962, and reporting to date indicates that at least another 417 went during the first two months of 1963.3. Field replies to a survey estimate that there were about 11,000 arrests in Latin America during the past 15 months for terrorism, sabotage, guerrilla activity, or other subversive activity. Only a small percentage of those arrested, however, were brought to trial; almost all were released after varying periods of detention.4. Current efforts to improve and exploit reporting on travel to Cuba had not made themselves felt during the reporting period. The security services of Latin American countries accordingly were unable, with isolated individual exceptions, to establish Cuban direction, instigation or training of arrested subversives.5. Incidence of guerrilla, terrorist, and sabotage activity at present is highest in Venezuela, Peru, and--in the form of largely non-political banditry--Colombia. There is sporadic guerrilla activity in and around Nicaragua and Guatemala, and a guerrilla potential in Ecuador and Brazil.SECRETNW 50955 DocId:32283208 Page 5
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 5]
SECRETDISCUSSION### A. Recruitment of Trainees1. Candidates for subversive training in Cuba   are selected by the leftist organizations sponsoring   such activity in their homeland. These organizations   are not always Communist, particularly in countries   where the regular Communist leadership is less mil-   itant than other extremist groups. One training   group of Argentines included Peronists, Trotskyites,   and Vanguard Socialists. A Peruvian group has sent   to Cuba for extended guerrilla training youths who   are not members of any organizations but have ex-   pressed leftist ideas.2. In countries where there is Cuban diplo-   matic representation, candidates are screened by   the embassy's G-2 officer. We have no information   on how approval is granted in countries which have   no diplomatic relations with Cuba.### B. Travel1. There is a concerted effort to conceal or   obscure the amount of travel to Cuba, the identities   of the travelers, and the length of their stay. Docu-   ments are falsified and such devices as detachable   visas, circuitous travel, and some surreptitious bor-   der crossing are used.2. Since the October crisis, the only Western   Hemisphere access to Cuba by scheduled airline has   been through Mexico. Throughout the reporting period   Mexican authorities have been photographing passports   of travelers arriving from or leaving for Cuba, and   relaying the information to interested OAS members.   In some cases the travelers themselves have been pho-   tographed.3. Cuban embassies, however, have been issuing   visas on separate sheets of paper to avoid any re-   cord of Cuban travel in the passport. In addition,   since some passports are fraudulent, the Mexican re-   port of Cuban travel may neither reach the correct   country nor permit identification. At this agency's   suggestion, Mexican travel control authorities late   in February began stamping passports to show arrival   from or departure for Cuba. While this effectively   counters the device of the detachable visa in the-2-
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 6]
# SECRETcase of legitimate passports, most Latin American countries have inadequate personnel and administrative machinery to scrutinize the passports of returning travelers.4. Travel control in Mexico City logged 4,912 legal travelers to Cuba in 1962, and 969 in the first two months of 1963. (These figures do not cover access by other routes prior to the quarantine in 1962, and include Cubans as well as all other nationalities. Accordingly they do not correlate with totals for legal and illegal travel to Cuba derived from available reporting in the individual Latin American countries. It should also be noted that a "legal" traveler in Mexican reporting may be listed as an illegal traveler by his homeland, either because he had no authorization to visit Cuba, or because of fraudulent documentation.)5. Anniversary celebrations, goodwill tours, and international conferences afford pretexts for travel to Cuba ostensibly unconnected with subversive training. Identities of trainees are usually protected by pseudonyms, at least during actual training, and the guerrilla candidate may return to his Havana hotel every few days to maintain a fiction of sightseeing. There have also been reports that trainees have for cover purposes attributed extended stays in Cuba to detention by Cuban police.6. Prior to the October crisis, there was some direct travel to Cuba from Central American countries, and occasional Cubana charter flights, but the main jump-off points were Mexico City, Curacao, and Trinidad. A Canadian non-scheduled airline has operated a few flights between Canada and Havana, carrying both personnel and cargo. Cuban freighters call fairly regularly at Mexican ports, and some Latin American trainees could reach Cuba aboard Cuban ships picking up rice in British Guiana. There is small ship traffic, of unknown but limited extent, between Cuba and neighboring islands.7. Soviet and Czech airlines continue transatlantic service to Cuba, and Iberian airlines on 11 February announced resumption of a schedule of two flights a month to Havana via the Azores. Aeroflot has occasionally sought and received permission
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 7]
# SECRETto land at Recife, Brazil, en route to Havana, andmay have picked up some passengers8. Controlled sources who have undergone guer-   rilla training, and a comparison of inbound and out-   bound travelers identified by travel controls make   it clear that at least in the case of guerrilla   trainees one leg of the travel is often by way of   bloc countries and Western Europe. We know of Latin   Americans given Cuban training who appear on no   travel controls, suggesting that travel in both di-   rections was either by way of the bloc or completely   surreptitious.9. A center providing funds and forged pass-   ports for travel to Cuba is known to exist in Monte-   video, Uruguay. The Cubans are known to provide   forged passports for some of the returning trainees.   One group of Argentines returning through Prague and   Western Europe was furnished with both Cuban and   Ecuadorean passports, to be surrendered in Monte-   video prior to re-entering Argentina.## C. Numbers of Trainees1. Our estimate that 1,500 to 2,000 Latin Amer-   icans have received subversive training in Cuba is   derived from a combination of travel information, de-   briefing of controlled sources who have taken training,   penetrations of sponsoring organizations, and in a   few cases from the records of cooperating Latin Amer-   ican security services.2. Monitoring of travel into Cuba gives some   indication of how many have stayed long enough to   receive training, but does not permit differentiation   between military training and political indoctrination.   We cannot establish a hard total or be certain about   length of visit because of travel via the bloc. Forged   documentation obscures an accurate nationality break-   down of the travelers.3. The hardest figures on guerrilla trainees by   nationality are obtained from established and reliable   sources who have access to such information through   sponsoring organizations and in a number of cases have   themselves taken such training in Cuba. We do not,   however, have enough such sources to provide independ-   ently a comprehensive total of Latin America. Only a   few of the local Latin American security services have   adequate assets for contributing such information.
[177-10001-10305.pdf — page 8]
SECRETD. Training1.  The scope of training varies with the time available. One agent who participated in a four-week course in mid-1961 received basic training covering cross-country movement of guerrillas, use and maintenance of weapons, and basic guerrilla tactics. Another clandestine source who spent nearly six months in Cuba in 1962 devoted more than 10 weeks of training to weaponry, communications, the fortification of defense positions, combat tactics, general strategy, map-reading, security, and sabotage. Both men reported considerable time devoted to political indoctrination and physical conditioning.2.  One controlled agent reported that his entire group was required to fill out an extensive questionnaire aimed at developing targets in the homeland for sabotage, subversion of military and police, illegal entry and movement, operation of dummy business concerns to cover clandestine operations, and possible zones for air-drops.3.  Extensive use is made of Che Guevara's book on guerrilla warfare. The trainees also use a handbook by Alberto Bayo, former colonel in the Spanish Republican air force who trained the original guerrilla group with which Castro invaded the Sierra Maestra. Thousands of copies of these books, in Spanish or in Portuguese, have been printed or mimeographed and are circulating in Latin America. Some have been specifically revised for individual countries.4.  We also have reports of related courses of instruction, lasting as much as six to eight months, in such fields as espionage, psychological warfare, political action, agent communications, and military medicine. Some of the trainees are women.5.  Most of the instructors of the guerrilla warfare courses are Cuban. There are some reports of Spanish instructors. Del Bayo himself is too old to participate actively, but apparently has an "emeritus" connection. General Enrique Lister has been reported to be associated with guerrilla training. There have been a number of reports, without hard confirmation, that Soviet and satellite instructors handle some of the more sophisticated training in such matters as sabotage and espionage.