Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 89]
ATTACHMENT B (1)Item No. 22, 28, 152, 172 MSS pp. no. 46, 48, 165, 189(U) NE Division has highlighted these items.(S) Item 22 states in part "A notable example of such a 'special relationship' is Iran, where a CIA organized coup d'etat restored the Shah to power in 1953. The Shah was understandably grateful..." Item 28 lists the Shah among other "world leaders with whom CIA has developed special relationships" as does Item 152 and a similar statement is made in Item 179.(U) Ray S. Cline in his book "Secrets, Spies and Scholars," pp. 131-132, states:"... a covert operation so successful that it became widely known all over the world was carried out in Iran. The Shah, then very young, had been driven out of Iran by his left-leaning Premier, Mohammed Mossadegh, whose support came from the local Communist (Tudeh) Party and from the Soviet Union. CIA mounted a modest effort under a skillful clandestine services officer who flew to Iran, hired enough street demonstrators to intimidate those working for Mossadegh, instructed Iranian military men loyal to the Shah how to take over the local radio station, and paved the way for the Shah's triumphal return."(U) The Church Committee, Book I, p. 111, briefly mentioned "the overthrow of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran" as one of CIA's "boldest, most spectacular covert operations."(S) There is a vast difference between the classified deleted items speaking about an active "special relationship" with the Shah following the overthrow of Mossadegh and a statement about CIA's role in overthrowing Mossadegh. The former is still properly classifiable and classified.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 90]
ATTACHMENT B (2)Item No. 49 MSS p. no. 71a.(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of the Rome Daily American is still classified SECRET because it describes intelligence sources and methods as related to newspaper publications. CCS files contain a newsclip from the September and October 1974 edition of the Columbia Journalism Review which states, "Landon K. Thorne, Jr., the CIA's Bross, and a lawyer for CIA, Benjamin Shute, then a partner in the prestigious Wall Street law firm of Cravath, Swaine, and Moore, now acknowledge that the fourth partner [in the purchase of the Rome Daily American in 1956] was the CIA. [Bross] recently called the arrangement 'atypical' of what the Agency was doing, 'a bad example'." It is questionable whether the remarks made by Mr. Bross, who retired from the Agency in 1971, and Mr. Shute, who left the Agency long before that, can be considered as constituting official Agency disclosure of this information.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 91]
ATTACHMENT B (3)Item No. 54, 236 MSS p. no. 80, 262(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of Forum World Features is still classified SECRET because both items describe intelligence sources and methods and identifies operations based in England. Forum World Features was referred to - but not by name - in Book I of the Church Committee Final Report, page 199, as follows: "Another example of the damages of 'fallout' involved two proprietary news services that the CIA maintained in Europe... The larger of the two was subscribed to by over thirty U.S. newspapers. In an effort to reduce the problem of fallout, the CIA made a senior official at the major U.S. dailies aware that the CIA controlled these two press services." While Forum World Features was not named in the Senate report and therefore continues to be protected, it is possible that CIA disclosure to newspaper editors may be considered as "official public disclosure."
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 92]
ATTACHMENT B (4)Item No. 67 (lines 24, 25) MSS p. no. 92.(S) Under injunction as classified information is "For its Tibetan operation of the early sixties, the Agency constructed extensive support facilities in Northeast India and brought large numbers of guerrillas to a deserted Army base in Colorado for special training." Underlining (line 25, ninth thru twenty-third word) indicates the questionable part of the item since MSS page 97, lines 24-26 states "Some Tibetans were quietly brought to the United States for special paramilitary training at Camp Hale in the mountains of Colorado." This sentence was originally deleted, then reinstated and appears in boldface type on page 115 in the published book.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 93]
13-00000ATTACHMENT B (5)Item No. 72 MSS p. 97(U) NE Division has highlighted this item.(S) The deleted item is "The CIA quickly made contact with the Dalai Lama and a close relationship was established. Financed and advised by Agency covert operators, he was..."(U) Harry Rositzke, in his book "The CIA's Secret Operations" pp. 173-174, states "As the Korean war was winding down, the CIA began sending intelligence agents into Tibet to assess the situation and see what could be done to forestall the Chinese takeover that was in the offing. Tibetan agents equipped with radios were dispatched by air and made contact with the Dalai Lama in Lhasa, giving him a channel of communication with the West.""When the Dalai Lama chose to flee from Lhasa to avoid capture by the Chinese forces in 1959, he was accompanied on his flight by a CIA-trained radio operator who was able to keep Washington posted on his often hazardous progress."(S) The classified deleted item speaks of a CIA "close relationship" with the Dalai Lama and his being "financed and advised" by CIA which is quite different from Rositzke's statement about CIA trained radio operators being with the Dalai Lama. These are two different comments with the first being properly classifiable and classified.![SECRET]
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 94]
13-00000ATTACHMENT B (6)Item No. 107, 128, 129, 279 MSS pp. 123, 132, 133, 403(S) CCS states that all four items which refer to Fairways Corporation as a CIA-owned proprietary company are still classified since they describe intelligence sources and methods by identifying an operational support facility located in the U.S. and are therefore exempt from declassification under Section 5 (B) (2) of the General Declassification Schedule contained in Executive Order 11652.(S) According to CCS files, in April 1975 Director Colby was asked by an NBC reporter about CIA sponsorship of Fairways Corporation in connection with a planned TV documentary on Agency proprietaries. CCS files are unclear on the point, but there are indications that Director Colby may have responded to the question in a manner which could have been construed as admission of sponsorship of Fairways. In any case, CCS files contain other evidence that the matter was considered to be still classified as recently as December 1976, when Director Bush wrote to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration regarding CIA sponsorship of Fairways and asked that the subject be withheld from public disclosure.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 95]
ATTACHMENT B (7)Item No. 339 MSS p. no. 509(S) CIA presence in Bolivia and Brazil has not been officially acknowledged and is still classified because it involves sources and methods.David Phillips in his book *The Night Watch*, chapter 8, pp. 212-235, entitled "Brazil, Venezuela 1970-1972" describes his presence as Chief of Station of CIA in Brazil and on page 209 he discusses CIA in Bolivia.(S) In regard to the declassification of CIA presence in the Congo (Attachment A, Item 339, MSS p. no. 509), Africa Division states "The existence of a CIA presence in the Congo is reported in an interim report of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence dated 20 November 1975. It may be argued therefore that to agree to declassification of the reference to the Congo would have the effect of singling out the Congo in the Third World as an alleged target of CIA operations. This would have an adverse effect on our relations with the government of Zaire. We believe the item should remain classified and that exemption 5 (b) (3) would apply in the case of the Congo."It is not a question of whether to agree or not to declassification of reference to the Congo. The Church Committee report as cited in Attachment A has already made "official-public disclosure" of the matter, rendering the subject moot. In addition, as Item 339 in Attachment A shows, four other countries of the Third World are also mentioned, thereby not singling out the Congo alone. What adverse effect could be expected now by another public reference to CIA presence in the Congo as of the original 1974 publication date of the Marchetti/Marks book, is difficult to comprehend. Since the government of Zaire has not changed since the 1975 release of the information by the Church Committee, it would seem that whatever adverse effects there might be have already occurred.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 97]
Item No.   MSS p. no.300 426308 437318 469319 470320 471321 471322 473323 474331 482332 482333 483334 483335 483336 484337 507339 (line 1, first 509two words andfifth, sixthand seventh words)
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 98]
13-0000028 April 1977MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr. John GreaneyOffice of General CounselFROM : William W. WellsDeputy Director for OperationsSUBJECT : Review of the 168 Deleted Items in"CIA and the Cult of Intelligence"by Victor Marchetti and John D. MarksIn reply to your oral request, attached isthe report of the review of the deleted items whichare the responsibility of the DDO. Appropriatecomponents of the DDO reviewed their respectiveitems for classification and their findings arecontained in the attached report. Specific classi-fication and exemption authority for each itemwhich is still classified is available, if needed,in each component's response filed with SA/DO/0.William W. WellsDistribution:Orig & 1 - OGC2 - DDO2 - SA/DO/0SECRETE2 IMPDETCL BY 018630
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 99]
27 April 1977MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for OperationsVIA : Mr. Ralph J. KatroshSpecial Assistant to the DDOfor External OversightFROM : Samuel HalpernSUBJECT : Review of 168 Deleted Items in"CIA and the Cult of Intelligence"by Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks(U) 1. This is the report of the review done by the appropriate DDO components of those deleted items which are the basic responsibility of the DDO. The remaining deleted items which are the basic responsibility of the DDS&T and DDA were reviewed by those Directorates which are reporting directly to OGC. Responsible components did the necessary inter- and intraagency coordinations.(U) 2. Several points need to be highlighted concerning the completeness of the review, especially as regards those items declassified by "official public disclosure" as defined by the courts. While I am sure that as diligent a search as possible was done by the DDO components, a thorough and absolutely complete search is impossible for the following reasons:(U) a. There is no index of any kind, let alone having the material in machine form such as in the RSM, to the fifteen published hearings and reports of the Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities (Church Committee), the six published hearings and proceedings of the House Select Committee on Intelligence (Pike Committee) or the one volume Report to the President by the Commission on CIA Activities Within the United States (Rockefeller Commission);
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 100]
(U) b. There is no comprehensive readily available record of precisely what information has been declassified and released in accordance with the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy Act; there are separate collections with a limited capability to retrieve some such information;(U) c. There is no available record of the information that officials of the Executive Branch of government, with authority to declassify information, have said or written in public either before Congressional committees, TV talk shows, radio talk shows, college symposiums, the general lecture circuit, other public forums, etc.In view of the above, it is impossible to guarantee that those items which are still classified by the DDO components have not been deliberately or inadvertently declassified in whole or in part as "official public disclosure."(U) 3. Bearing in mind the above, attachment A lists those items of the DDO deleted items which have been declassified by "official public disclosure." These thirteen complete and parts of four other items can therefore be released from the court injunction.(S) 4. Attachment B (seven parts) contains eleven deleted items (seven subjects) which are still classified but about which there may be some possible question. These are highlighted here so that cognizance can be taken and final decisions made with due regard for all legal and policy aspects.(U) 5. Attachment C lists all DDO remaining items which the DDO components advise are still classified under Executive Order 11652 as amended and cannot be released from the court injunction.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 101]
# ATTACHMENT A| Item No.                                                                    | MSS p. no. | Official Public Disclosure                                                || --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- || 3                                                                           | 11         | Church Committee Vol. 7, pp. 168, 190                                     || 4                                                                           | 12         | Church Committee Vol. 7, p. 168                                           || 5                                                                           | 12         | Church Committee Vol. 7, p. 190                                           || 9 (line 17 thru ninth word on line 24)                                      | 14         | Church Committee Vol. 7, pp. 166-170, 190                                 || 10 (last four words of line 1 and first 11 words of line 2; and lines 5-11) | 15         | Church Committee Vol. 7, pp. 166-170, 190                                 || 11                                                                          | 15         | Church Committee Vol. 7, pp. 160, 170, 172                                || 46 (line 20 thru first three words of line 24)                              | 70         | Church Committee Vol. 7, pp. 148, 165, 166, 171                           || 57                                                                          | 84         | Church Committee Book I, p. 194.                                          || 89                                                                          | 106        | Church Committee, Alleged Assassination Plots pp. 139 ff.                 || 124                                                                         | 129        | Rockefeller Commission Report p. 218 Church Committee Book I, pp. 208-209 || 126                                                                         | 130        | Rockefeller Commission Report p. 218 Church Committee Book I, pp. 208-209 || 127                                                                         | 130        | Rockefeller Commission Report p. 218 Church Committee Book I, pp. 208-209 |
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 103]
13-00000ATTACHMENT B (1)Item No. 22, 28, 152, 172 MSS pp. no. 46, 48, 165, 189(U) NE Division has highlighted these items.(S) Item 22 states in part "A notable example of such a 'special relationship' is Iran, where a CIA organized coup d'etat restored the Shah to power in 1953. The Shah was understandably grateful..." Item 28 lists the Shah among other "world leaders with whom CIA has developed special relationships" as does Item 152 and a similar statement is made in Item 179.(U) Ray S. Cline in his book "Secrets, Spies and Scholars," pp. 131-132, states:"... a covert operation so successful that it became widely known all over the world was carried out in Iran. The Shah, then very young, had been driven out of Iran by his left-leaning Premier, Mohammed Mossadegh, whose support came from the local Communist (Tudeh) Party and from the Soviet Union. CIA mounted a modest effort under a skillful clandestine services officer who flew to Iran, hired enough street demonstrators to intimidate those working for Mossadegh, instructed Iranian military men loyal to the Shah how to take over the local radio station, and paved the way for the Shah's triumphal return."(U) The Church Committee, Book I, p. 111, briefly mentioned "the overthrow of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran" as one of CIA's "boldest, most spectacular covert operations."(S) There is a vast difference between the classified deleted items speaking about an active "special relationship" with the Shah following the overthrow of Mossadegh and a statement about CIA's role in overthrowing Mossadegh. The former is still properly classifiable and classified.![SECRET]
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 104]
Item No. 49MSS p. no. 71aATTACHMENT B (2)(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of the Rome Daily American is still classified SECRET because it describes intelligence sources and methods as related to newspaper publications. CCS files contain a newsclip from the September and October 1974 edition of the Columbia Journalism Review which states, "Landon K. Thorne, Jr., the CIA's Bross, and a lawyer for CIA, Benjamin Shute, then a partner in the prestigious Wall Street law firm of Cravath, Swaine, and Moore, now acknowledge that the fourth partner [in the purchase of the Rome Daily American in 1956] was the CIA. [Bross] recently called the arrangement 'atypical' of what the Agency was doing, 'a bad example'." It is questionable whether the remarks made by Mr. Bross, who retired from the Agency in 1971, and Mr. Shute, who left the Agency long before that, can be considered as constituting official Agency disclosure of this information.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 105]
Item No. 54, 236 MSS p. no. 80, 262ATTACHMENT B (3)(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of Forum World Features is still classified SECRET because both items describe intelligence sources and methods and identifies operations based in England. Forum World Features was referred to - but not by name - in Book I of the Church Committee Final Report, page 199, as follows: "Another example of the damages of 'fallout' involved two proprietary news services that the CIA maintained in Europe... The larger of the two was subscribed to by over thirty U.S. newspapers. In an effort to reduce the problem of fallout, the CIA made a senior official at the major U.S. dailies aware that the CIA controlled these two press services." While Forum World Features was not named in the Senate report and therefore continues to be protected, it is possible that CIA disclosure to newspaper editors may be considered as "official public disclosure."
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 106]
ATTACHMENT B (4)Item No. 67 (lines 24, 25). MSS p. no. 92(S) Under injunction as classified information is "For its Tibetan operation of the early sixties, the Agency constructed extensive support facilities in Northeast India and brought large numbers of guerrillas to a deserted Army base in Colorado for special training."Underlining (line 25, ninth thru twenty-third word) indicates the questionable part of the item since MSS page 97, lines 24-26 states "Some Tibetans were quietly brought to the United States for special paramilitary training at Camp Hale in the mountains of Colorado."This sentence was originally deleted, then reinstated and appears in boldface type on page 115 in the published book.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 107]
13-00000ATTACHMENT B (5)Item No. 72 MSS p. 97(U) NE Division has highlighted this item.(S) The deleted item is "The CIA quickly made contact with the Dalai Lama and a close relationship was established. Financed and advised by Agency covert operators, he was..."(U) Harry Rositzke, in his book "The CIA's Secret Operations" pp. 173-174, states "As the Korean war was winding down, the CIA began sending intelligence agents into Tibet to assess the situation and see what could be done to forestall the Chinese takeover that was in the offing. Tibetan agents equipped with radios were dispatched by air and made contact with the Dalai Lama in Lhasa, giving him a channel of communication with the West.""When the Dalai Lama chose to flee from Lhasa to avoid capture by the Chinese forces in 1959, he was accompanied on his flight by a CIA-trained radio operator who was able to keep Washington posted on his often hazardous progress."(S) The classified deleted item speaks of a CIA "close relationship" with the Dalai Lama and his being "financed and advised" by CIA which is quite different from Rositzke's statement about CIA trained radio operators being with the Dalai Lama. These are two different comments with the first being properly classifiable and classified.![Secret]
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 108]
13-00000ATTACHMENT B (6)Item No. 107, 128, 129, 279 MSS pp. 123, 132, 133, 403(S) CCS states that all four items which refer to Fairways Corporation as a CIA-owned proprietary company are still classified since they describe intelligence sources and methods by identifying an operational support facility located in the U.S. and are therefore exempt from declassification under Section 5 (B) (2) of the General Declassification Schedule contained in Executive Order 11652.(S) According to CCS files, in April 1975 Director Colby was asked by an NBC reporter about CIA sponsorship of Fairways Corporation in connection with a planned TV documentary on Agency proprietaries. CCS files are unclear on the point, but there are indications that Director Colby may have responded to the question in a manner which could have been construed as admission of sponsorship of Fairways. In any case, CCS files contain other evidence that the matter was considered to be still classified as recently as December 1976, when Director Bush wrote to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration regarding CIA sponsorship of Fairways and asked that the subject be withheld from public disclosure.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 109]
13-00000ATTACHMENT B (7)Item No. 339 MSS p. no. 509(S) CIA presence in Bolivia and Brazil has not been officially acknowledged and is still classified because it involves sources and methods.David Phillips in his book The Night Watch, chapter 8, pp. 212-235, entitled "Brazil, Venezuela 1970-1972" describes his presence as Chief of Station of CIA in Brazil and on page 209 he discusses CIA in Bolivia.(S) In regard to the declassification of CIA presence in the Congo (Attachment A, Item 339, MSS p. no. 509), Africa Division states "The existence of a CIA presence in the Congo is reported in an interim report of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence dated 20 November 1975. It may be argued therefore that to agree to declassification of the reference to the Congo would have the effect of singling out the Congo in the Third World as an alleged target of CIA operations. This would have an adverse effect on our relations with the government of Zaire. We believe the item should remain classified and that exemption 5 (b) (3) would apply in the case of the Congo."It is not a question of whether to agree or not to declassification of reference to the Congo. The Church Committee report as cited in Attachment A has already made "official-public disclosure" of the matter, rendering the subject moot. In addition, as Item 339 in Attachment A shows, four other countries of the Third World are also mentioned, thereby not singling out the Congo alone. What adverse effect could be expected now by another public reference to CIA presence in the Congo as of the original 1974 publication date of the Marchetti/Marks book, is difficult to comprehend. Since the government of Zaire has not changed since the 1975 release of the information by the Church Committee, it would seem that whatever adverse effects there might be have already occurred.
[104-10438-10237.pdf — page 111]
Item No.   MSS p. no.300   426308.   437318   469319   470320   471321   471322   473323   474331   482332   482333   483334   483335   483336   484337   507.339 (line 1, first 509two words andfifth, sixthand seventh words)