Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
[104-10333-10014.pdf — page 14]
# Assassination Records Review Board Records ReleaseAssassination Records Review Board600 E Street NW • 2nd Floor • Washington, DC 20530(202) 724-0088 • Fax: (202) 724-0457## ASSASSINATION RECORDS REVIEW BOARD RECORDS RELEASEFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASENOVEMBER 18, 1997CONTACT: EILEEN SULLIVAN(202) 724-0088, EXT. 253## SELECTED DOCUMENTS FROM MILITARY RECORDS ON U.S. POLICY TOWARD CUBA FROM 1962-64Attached are six selected documents from approximately 1,500 pages of military records that relate to U.S. policy toward Cuba from 1962-64. The records are being released today by the Assassination Records Review Board. Sections of the documents that may be of particular interest to the reader are marked by arrows in the margin on the right side of the relevant pages.List of Selected Documents1.  Excerpts from 198-10004-10020    Note: The Record Information Form (document cover sheet) for the compilation of documents in this group is dated 3/1/63, but the excerpted documents are from February 1962.    "Possible Actions To Provoke, Harass, Or Disrupt Cuba"2.  Excerpts from 202-10002-10104    February 7, 1962, March 9, 1962, March 12, 1962, March 13, 1962, April 10, 1962    "Northwoods" documents3.  Excerpts from 202-10002-10018    May 1, 1963    "Courses of Action Related to Cuba"4.  Excerpts from 198-10004-10011    December 11, 1963    Memo to Joseph Califano, General Counsel, Secretary of the Army - "Training of Cuban Refugees in Nicaragua"5.  Excerpts from 202-10002-10010    December 19, 1963    "Meeting with President on Cuba"BOARD MEMBERS: John R. Tunheim, Chair • Henry F. Graff • Kermit L. Hall • William L. Joyce • Anna K. NelsonEXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: T. Jeremy Gunn • DEPUTY DIRECTOR: Thomas E. Samoluk
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6. Excerpts from 202-10002-10117   January 31, 1964   "A Contingency Plan for a Coup in Cuba"-30-
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# JFK ASSASSINATION SYSTEMIDENTIFICATION FORMAGENCY INFORMATIONAGENCY: ARMYRECORD NUMBER: 198-10004-10020RECORDS SERIES: CALIFANO PAPERSAGENCY FILE NUMBER:DOCUMENT INFORMATIONORIGINATOR: MULTIPLEFROM:TO:TITLE:DATE: 03/01/63PAGES: 135SUBJECTS: PLANNING AND POLICY, CUBAPOLICY OBJECTIVES, CUBACONTINGENCY PLANNING, CUBALATIN AMERICA SECURITYACTIONS TO IMPEDE MOVEMENT OF SUBVERSIVESCARIBBEAN SURVEILLANCEU.S. MILITARY INTERVENTION, CUBAOPERATION MONGOOSEBLOCKADE OF CUBADOCUMENT TYPE: PAPER, TEXTUAL DOCUMENTCLASSIFICATION: UNCLASSIFIEDRESTRICTIONS: OPEN IN FULLCURRENT STATUS: OPENTE OF LAST REVIEW: 10/07/97OPENING CRITERIA:COMMENTS: Califano Papers, Box 6, Folder 7. Package of proposedactions to be used against Cuba, including operationsto apply pressure to the Cuban regime to oust Castroand potential reaction to US involvement.[R] - ITEM IS RESTRICTEDCuba Selected Documents#1
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# POSSIBLE ACTIONS TO PROVOKE, HARRASS, OR DISRUPT-CUBA-1. Operation SMASHER:   a. Objective: The objective is to disrupt/disable military and commercial communications facilities in Cuba.   b. Concept: This to be accomplished by the clandestine introduction of a "special" vacuum tube into selected communications equipment. The tube, which is available, is virtually undetectable inasmuch as its effectiveness is due to the insertion of a chemical compound in the base of the tube. The chemical, when heated becomes a conductor, when cool a non-conductor.2. Operation FREE RIDE:   a. Objective: The objective is to create unrest and dissension amongst the Cuban people.   b. Concept: This to be accomplished by airdropping valid Pan American or KLM one-way airline tickets good for passage to Mexico City, Caracas, etc. (none to the U.S.). Tickets could be intermixed with other leaflets planned to be dropped. The number of tickets dropped could be increased. The validity of the tickets would have to be restricted to a time period.3. Operation TURN ABOUT:   a. Objective: The objective is to create indications to Fidel Castro that his value to the revolutionary cause has diminished to the point where plans are being made for his "removal".   b. Concept: This to be accomplished by the use of intelligence means the crecendo increasing until it culminates in Castro's discovery of the mechanism or hardware.Reproduction of this document in whale or in pert is prohibited without permission of the issuing office.Special Handling of this paper is requested. Access should be limited to individuals requiring the information herein in order to carry out their official duties.Copy #of 3 copys.
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# TOP SECRET4. Operation DEFECTOR:a. Objective: To induce elements or individuals of the Cuban military to defect with equipment.b. Concept: This activity when properly planned and implemented has the effect of decreasing military capability. In a totalitarian system the immediate reaction is increased security accompanied by decreased activity. It also creates havoc in security and intelligence agencies. Could be accomplished by intelligence means and promise of rewards.5. Operation BREAK-UP:a. Objective: To clandestinely introduce corrosive materials to cause aircraft, vehicle or boat accidents.b. Concept: This activity, if possible should be aimed primarily toward the Soviet-provided aircraft. If properly accomplished it would degrade confidence in the equipment, increase supply and maintenance problems and seriously affect combat capability.6. Operation COVER-UP:a. Objective: The objective is to convince the Communist government of Cuba that Naval Forces ostensibly assigned to the MERCURY project is merely a cover.b. Concept: It should not be revealed as to what the cover is--this should be left to conjecture. This could tie in with Operation DIRTY TRICK.7. Operation DIRTY TRICK:a. Objective: The objective is to provide irrevocable proof that, should the MERCURY manned orbit flight fail, the fault lies with the Communists et al Cuba,b. Concept: This to be accomplished by manufacturing various pieces of evidence which would prove electronic interference on the part of the Cubans.8. Operation FULL-UP:a. Objective: The objective is to destroy confidence in fuel supplied by the Soviet Bloc by indicating it is contaminated.
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b. Concept: This to be accomplished by introducing a known biological agent into jet fuel storage facilities. This agent flourishes in jet fuel and grows until it consumes all the space inside the tank.9. Operation PHANTOM:a. Objective: The objective is to convince the Castro Government that clandestine penetration and resupply of agents is being regularly conducted.b. Concept: This to be accomplished by use of BJ, UDT, AND JJ capabilities to create the impression that landings have been made on beaches and air drops have been made in other areas.10. Operation BINGO:a. Objective: The objective is to create an incident which has the appearance of an attack on U.S. facilities (GMO) in Cuba, thus providing the excuse for use of U.S. military might to overthrow the current government of Cuba.b. Concept: This to be accomplished by the use of SNAKES outside the confines of the Guantanamo Base. SNAKES simulate an actual fire-fight and upon hearing such a sound it is entirely feasible that the immediate reaction on G'Mo would be that the base is being attacked. This would, with proper preparation, be followed by a counterattack and with adequate planning the base at G'Mo could disgorge military force in sufficient number to sustain itself until other forces, which had been previously alerted, could attack in other areas. It is envisaged that a schedule of operations similar to the following would overwhelm the Cuban military and cause its defeat:(1) Simulated attack on Guantanamo.(2) Word flashed to the President..(3) President orders counterattack to include:(a) Immediate launch of alerted aircraft whose targets are Cuban airfields.(b) Immediate launch of counterattack down strategic lines in communication in Cuba.(c) Fleet force standing by on alert would make way toward pre-selected targets/landing areas.(d) Immediate embarkation of airborne troops previously alerted to pre-selected targets.(e) Launch of additional combat aircraft to clear drop areas and further interdict lines of communication.(f) Ships and aircraft would land/airdrop troops and secure airfields, road/rail terminals, etc.
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(g) Resupply and replacement activities.Properly executed, the above could overthrow the Cuban Government in a matter of hours, providing the plan is implemented within the next six months.11. Operation GOOD TIMES:a. Objective: To disillusion the Cuban population with Castro image by distribution of fake photographic material.b. Concept: Prepare a desired photograph, such as an obese Castro with two beauties in any situation desired, ostensibly within a room in the Castro residence, lavishly furnished, and a table briming over with the most delectable Cuban food with an underlying caption (appropriately Cuban) such as "My ration is different." Make as many prints as desired on sterile paper and then distribute over the countryside by air drops or agents. This should put even a Commie Dictator in the proper perspective with the underprivileged masses.12. Operation HEAT IS ON:a. Objective: To create the impression with Castro Government that certain dyed-in-the-wool Red pilots are planning to defect, thus causing a detrimental tightening of security.b. Concept: It is known that many Cuban refugee pilots are personally acquainted with many of the present CRAF pilots. Accordingly, by utilizing all sources available, determine by name those pilots considered to be dedicated Castro Reds. Then by use of agents, communications, etc. inject into the Castro intelligence system the fact that these pre-designated Reds are planning to defect for monetary and/or ideological reasons. Security crackdown should help destroy Castro image and also impose unacceptable restrictions on routine training activities.
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# OPERATION: Invisible Bomb## OBJECTIVE:1.  To create the impression that isolated bombings are taking place in Cuba thus maximizing harrassment and confusion of the Castro government.## CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS:2.  The Air Force can utilize the operational characteristics of F-101 or other Century series aircraft to create the impression that anti-Castro opposition is continuing. The aircraft operational characteristic to be exploited is the "sonic-boom."3.  The "sonic-boom" can be employed in several different ways such as an individual boom at selected spots or a continuous boom and performed at either high or low altitudes. It will cause not only apprehension but varying degrees of malicious damage as well, i. e. break all the windows on a street in Havana.4.  The "sonic-boom" effect can be maximized by planning missions for execution during the early morning hours when the populace is sleeping. The Cuban people are generally unfamiliar with this phenomenon, therefore it is felt that the impact for a time would be most beneficial.5.  The directional aspects of the "sonic-boom" also make it feasible for use in simulating U.S. Naval gun-fire in the immediate vicinity of the Cuban land mass.6.  This operation is considered relatively safe and leaves no tangible evidence. It can be planned and executed with a minimum of effort and expense.Special Handling of this paper is requested. Access should be limited to individuels requiring the information herein in order to carry cat their official duties.reproduction of this document in whole or in part is prohibited except with permission of the issuing office.
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# Operation "HORN SWOGGLE"Objective:1.  To crash or force down Cuban MIG aircraft with an all weather intercept capability by communications intrusion.Concept of Operations:2.  Closely monitor MIG air/ground communications for the purpose of determining frequency and terminology usage for practice or real GCI operations.3.  By use of overriding transmitters and either a decoy aircraft or solid weather conditions, override Cuban controller and have Cuban refugee pilot issue instructions which run MIG out of fuel or towards Florida, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, a carrier, etc.Special Handling of this paper is requested. Access should be limited to individuals requiring the information herein in order to carry out their official duties.Reproduction of this document in whole or in part is prohibited except with permission of the issuing office.
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# Operation TRUE BLUE1. Objective: To degrade Castro and his government in the eyes of the Cuban people by communications intrusion.## Concept of Operations:2. By utilizing high powered transmitters in the vicinity of Cuba (Florida, Inagwa, Jamaica, aboard Naval ship) which have the capability of overriding commercial Cuban radio and TV stations, periodically degrade Castro and other government figures in the minds of the Cuban people.3. The technique of communications intrusion could be exploited by pre-taping or live broadcasts of anti-communist and anti-Castro propaganda at station breaks, Castro speeches, etc. This idea envisions the use of a Cuban refugee to make such broadcasts and naturally would require close monitoring of stations to be worked. Any number of thoughts could be injected such as:a. "Cuba Si, Russia No."b. Communism exploits the masses.c. Communism is ruthless totalitarianism.d. Castro and henchment feast off the land while we are rationed.e. Castro and his reign of terror.f. Castro is a lunatic and should be put away.g. Castro is the cause of all our troubles.h. Rise up against the pig Castro, etc. etc.4. If approved this operation could become a continuous project, perhaps under control of USLA.
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# SECRET SPECIAL HANDLINGTHE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFFWASHINGTON 25, D.C.2 February 1962MEMORANDUM FOR Brigadier General Edward G. Lansdale, USAF,Assistant to the Secretary of DefenseSubject: Ideas in Support of ProjectThe enclosed ideas are submitted for your consideration and possible use in furtherance of the objectives of the Cuba Project. I think some of them have promise and should you desire our group to develop any of them in more detail, we will do so.WILLIAM H. CRAIGBrigadier General USADOD RepresentativeCaribbean Survey Group6 encls1.  Operation Smasher(2Pages) (TS)2.  Operation True Blue (1Page) (TS)3.  Operation "Horn Swoggle" (1Page) (TS)4.  Operation "No Love Lost" (1Page). (TS)5.  Possible Actions to Provide, Harrass, or disrupt (4Pages) (TS)6.  Operation Invisible Bomb (1Page) (TS)TOP SECRETSPECIAL HANDLING-EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATICREGRADING; DOD DIR 5200.10DOES NOT APPLYCSGWG 0#19
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# Operation "NO LOVE LOST"1.  Objective: To confuse and harrass Castro Cuban Pilots by use of radio conversations.2.  Concept of Operations: Fly Cuban refugee pilot in sterile aircraft in proximity of Cuba at periodic intervals while communication monitoring Cuban air/ground frequencies utilized for airdrome control. Cuban refugee pilot in sterile aircraft would personally know many of the pilots still flying for Castro. Refugee pilot would get into argument with Castro pilots over radio thus distracting confusing, etc. Would be real trouble for Castro pilots in actual weather conditions. Argument could go, "I'll get you you. Red son-of-a-gun, "and call by name if appropriate.Special Handling of this paper is requested.Access should be limited to individuals requiring the information herein in order to carry out their official duties.This document consists of 1 pages.Copy # -1- of 3 copies.
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# I. Operation SMASHER.## 1. Objective:Disrupt or disable military and commercial communications facilities in Cuba.## 2. Technical Requirements:**a.** Detailed information on both commercial and military communications facilities and capabilities, to include inside and outside plant construction, system networks, equipment details (i. e. circuitry, tubes, etc.) location and type of repeator stations. This information is required to construct a refined device.**b.** A vacuum tube modified in such a manner as to cause a short circuit. This is possible by inducing silicon carbide (?) into the base of the tube. When the tube becomes hot the silicon carbide liquifies and becomes a conductor; when the tube cools the matter returns to a solid non-conductive state. Such a device (vacuum tube) is available.## 3. Targets:**a.** Cuban Telephone Company. The company provides local and long distance telephone service throughout Cuba and also international telephone service.**b.** Radio Corporation of Cuba Avenida Carlos. The company provides radiotelephone service to American and European countries. It also provides radiotelegraph service and includes leased teleprinter channels. In conjunction with AT&T the company inaugurated over-the-horizon microwave radio service between Cuba and Florida in 1957. This latter made available two-way TV channels.**c.** Cuban American Telephone and Telegraph Company. Founded by IT&T and AT&T, providing six (6) submarine cables linking Havana and Key West. Facility operates in conjunction with microwave link.**d.** Commercial Radio and Television Stations.**e.** Military Radio and Land-line Facilities. These include point-to-point command and administrative systems, air/ground facilities, navigational aids. Obviously certain commercial facilities provide service to the military therefore disrupting or disabling commercial facilities will affect military communications capabilities.
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# 4. Concept of Operation:a. The tube must be introduced clandestinely into appropriate equipments.b. Introduction can be accomplished through the use of known assets either directly or by contact with an employee of a company who would have access and who would receive proper remuneration.
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# JFK ASSASSINATION SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION FORM## AGENCY INFORMATIONAGENCY: JCSRECORD NUMBER: 202-10002-10104RECORDS SERIES: JCS CENTRAL FILES 1962AGENCY FILE NUMBER: 3360 (7 FEB 62)## DOCUMENT INFORMATIONORIGINATOR: JCSFROM:TO:TITLE: NORTHWOODSDATE: 00/00/62PAGES: 197SUBJECTS: U. S. MILITARY INTERVENTION IN CUBACONTINGENCY PLANNING, CUBAOPERATION MONGOOSEUPRISINGS IN CUBACOVERT OPERATIONS, CUBASOVIET BASE IN CUBACARIBBEAN SECURITYPATROL POSTSINVASION OF CUBAJUSTIFICATION FOR U. S. MILITARY INTERVENTIONDOCUMENT TYPE: PAPER, TEXTUAL DOCUMENTCLASSIFICATION: UNCLASSIFIEDRESTRICTIONS: 1CCURRENT STATUS: RELEASED WITH DELETIONSDATE OF LAST REVIEW: 10/07/97OPENING CRITERIA:COMMENTS: JCS Central Files 1962, Box 29. JCS Record Case, CodeName Northwoods, containing JCS Papers related to JCSrecommendation to invade Cuba and pretexts to justifyUS military intervention.[R] - ITEM IS RESTRICTED
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SECREJCS 1969/3037 February 1962Page 2144UNCLASSIFIED1COPY NO.SPECIAL DISTRIBUTIONNOTE BY THE SECRETARIESto theJOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF.onNORTHWOODS (S)A report* on the above subject is submitted for considera-tion by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.F. J. BLOUINM. J. INGELIDOJoint Secretariat* Not reproduced; on file in Joint SecretariatSROPEXCLUDED FROM GD3JCS 1969/3032144UNCLASSIFIED
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UNCLASSIFIEDSPECIAL HANDLING REQUIREDNOPORNLIMITED DISTRIBUTIONAPPENDIX 1 TO ENCLOSURE ADRAFTMEMORANDUM FOR BRIGADIER GENERAL E. G. LANSDALE,Chief of Operations, Cuba ProjectSubject: Cuba ProjectReference: Memorandum from Your Office forBrigGen W. H. Craig, USA, subj:"Special Project", dated 17 Jan 621. As requested in referenced memorandum, the position of the Department of Defense, with respect to the military stake and sole in the removal of the Communist regime in Cuba, has been dotormined based upon the following factors:a. National Security Policy, determined by the NSC during Whe routing of 9 May 1961.b. Current intelligence estimates of the situation in Cuba.c. Oporations against the Castro regime will be covert, at least initially.d. Time favors the Castro government.2. The basis military implications of Castro's Communist government are as follows:a. it exposes the Western Hemisphere to an increasingly serious threat to its security. This increases our national vulnerability and defense costs as forces are developed or shifted to meet this threat.b. It provides the Soviet Union with the most effective base they have ever had for spreading Communism throughout the Western Hemisphere. This in turn greatly increases the possibility that additional Latin American countries will come under Communist control. Elimination of this base would demonstrate to the other nations of the world that the United States will not tolerate such intrusions. Communist control of additional countries would or could result in:UNCLASSIFIEDAppendix 1 to Enclosure ASPECIAL HANDLING REQUIREDNORFORNLIMITED DISTRIBUTION RET
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UNCLASSIFIED(1) Increased Communist capability for other nations of the Western Hemisphere.(2) Increased Communist capability for spreading Communism throughout Latin America.(3) The loss of existing and/or potential bases, training areas, facilities and rights, as well as sources of strategic materials necessary to our military capability.(4) An increased threat to US usage and control of the Panama Canal through subversion and sabotage.3. The urgency of the requirement to remove the Communist government from Cuba is made apparent by Castro's constantly increasing capabilities for attacking other nations of the Western Hemisphere and for spreading Communism throughout the hemisphere. This sense of urgency is greatly increased if courses of action within the capability of the Communists are considered:a. The Soviets could establish land, sea and/or air bases in Cuba.b. The Soviets could provide Castro with a number of ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads; or they could furnish the missiles and maintain joint control of the nuclear warheads.4. In view of the factors set forth above, the Department of Defense holds that the Communist regime in Cuba is incompatible with the minimum security requirements of the Western Hemisphere. The Department of Defense is prepared to overtly support any popular movement inside Cuba to the extent of ousting the Communist regime and installing a government acceptable to the United States. While the possibility of Communist Bloc reactions in areas other than in Cuba is recognized, it is believed that this can be accomplished without precipitating general war, and without serious effect on world public opinion if the following conditions prevail:UNCLASSIFIEDAppendix 1 to Enclosure A
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UNCLASSIFIEDSPECIAL HANDLING REQUIREDNOFORNLIMITED DISTRIBUTIONa. If the impression is created that there is an urgent, humanitarian requirement to restore order in Cuba and/or the United States is responding to an appeal for assistance from a government representative of the Cuban people.b. If it is announced incident to the overt military action that the United States and/or members of the OAS are moving into Cuba for the purpose of restoring order and holding free elections, and that they will immediately withdraw as soon as the new government advises that they have the capability to maintain order without further assistance from the OAS nations.c. If the military operation is conducted as quickly as possible and with sufficient force co that the Communist Bloc's ability to take effective counter-measures in support of the Castro regime is reduced to a minimum.d. If the Cuban regime commits hostile acts against US forces or property which would serve as an incident upon which to base overt US intervention. In this event, applicable portions of a, b, and c above apply.5. The Department of Defense is also prepared to covertly provide support to CIA or State, or any US approved popular movement inside Cuba, in terms of supplies, transportation, personnel and bases.UNCLASSIFIED3Appendix 1 toEnclosure ASPECIAL HANDLING REQUIREDNOFORNLIMITED DISTRIBUTION