Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
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-19-have additional authority for such arguments by virtue of theirmembership in one division of an organization actively workingin many ways for the liberation of the refugecs' homelands.Also, just be the presence of extracu ricular schools,by their garuntee of the preservation of the essentials ofnational culture, encourage attendance at German schools, sothe manifestations of NCFE's similar interest on the locallevel through FECS might liberate the refugee from the anxietyfor maintaining his traditions within his smaller group and Bodiminish his reluctance to attempt some measure of adaptation.In this connection the citizenship approach applies particularly,since FEC3 must demonstrate that MCPE is not only generally andbroadly interested in keeping satellite cuiture alive(th theDIO and foa at FEUE), but also in keeping the individual refugeeliving outside a camp, in touch with his compatriots and trudi-tions not only through personal contact but by making availableto his publications in his languago, etc; In 10 way therefugee mig t be encouraged in his slow process of adaptationto strange and in many cases avalle environment.This is again a vast problem affected by many factorsfar beyond the scope of FECH or #CFE. It is almost certailytrue that if more respectable and worthwhile jobs were availa-ble to refugees, much of their apparently nationally basedaversion to adaptation would disappear,But if FECS makes emphasis on adaptation one of itsmajor points of polcy, and makes this fact clear to the localnational and international authorition, and then actively imple-mente this policy,ne suggested above, it will almost certainlyfind itself most sympathetically regarded by these authorities.2. These are but a few of the functions which FECS should   be able to perform; anyone regularly active in the field could   probably suggest many more. There are, however, certain broader   potentialities for the development of this instrument which   might be briefly suggested ere.In the first place, it should be possible to gainsome advantage, beyond the fact that they come to us, fromthe presence of the refugees in the west. FECS might be ableto produce such an advantage.To brand this approach as hopelessly idealistic is toignore the extraordinary practical results achieved at CampValka from July 1951 to January 1952 oy the German cap commanderat that time, von Howeyer. When von Homeyer, with no previousexperience of these problems arrived, Valke was in terriblesituation. Anifinga and riots were frequent and the Nurembergpolice were not only on constant alert, out a force of 28 menwas maintained at the camp.Von Homeyer began by calling the national representativestogether, and it took him two weeks to get them into one room
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-20-Finally, when they had assembled, he gave them hell and explained it would be a waste of time for them to try to alter or influence the situation in their own countries from Valka. He told them he believed the c.use of many difficulties was the personal interest of any of the leaders in preparing the way for big roles at home after liberation. He then presented his idea of forming the first European community at Valka. He told the national representatives he had no support from Munich - he was on his own and asked for their help and cooperation. Che by one they came to him and agreed.Von Homeyer's technique of making friends with the people, with whom he soon acquired an excellent reputation, was effective instrument in swinging their national committes to his side, for aware of his popularity, they hesitated not to show active cooperation. As a means of delegating self- administration of the camp to elected representatives, von Homeyer was about to establish a small parliment when he was recalled by rensens of a German administrative snafu in which favoritism playd a part. Just before his departure, the Huremberg chief of police appro ched him and asked that he request the withdrawal of the permanent squad, which the chief felt was no longer required due to the enormous progress in camp behaviour.After von Homeyer's replacement by an unizuginative bureaucrat, the situation at Valka relapsed into violence. Yet his influence lingered, and delegations from the national groups visited him, be sing him to return to the camp. Later, when the situation became aven worse, delegates from the German administrative personnel at Valka alas come to urge that he return. This was just before our talk with hie, and the employees brought with them tales of the latest kniling. Obviously von Homeyer's idealistic and far-sigiated approach to the refugee problem and made profound impression ne only upon the refug es themselves but on Germans associated with the problem in pr.ctical way.Von Home Br's European community approach might be borne in mind in connection with NCPE's espousal of the policy of Federalism. Similarly the FRCS citizenship approach sight have the potenti..lity of being broadened to provide grass-rocts emphasis on this aspect of ICPE's policy. The iden of Europe.n citizenship for refugees is not original or new, but it might provide NCFE and RFE with useful propugend weapon."Von Homeyer's realistic and productive idealism perhaps also indicates the necessity for at least trying to uncover and support more positive elements than the usual exile poli- tical lemmers, even though it is believed likely that the 1:tter will be able to regain control of their political machinery and return to power after libration. For this re::80., not to attempt the production of more constructive leaders and attitude: core amenable to NCFE and US interests is an example of infatuation with "ard-boiled "realism for its own sake.-:-:-:-:-:-:-
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-21-nother potential use of PECS might be in conjunction with certain proposals advanced by individual RFE staff Berers. These call for the use of rofugees as e uncing bourde for group romotions to new brondemet themes and as sample groups for testing basic stoellite country attitudes. Refugees helped byTHCS might be more interested in contributing to such projects;conversely, FCCB offorts to restore their feeling of belonging to the struggle for liberation of their countries would be imme.curable assisted by this opportunity for them to assist in the sharpening of this potent "sister weapon".-1-1-:-:-:-HCFE and RFA exile employeen who by and large torn a privileged class among the refugees as a result of being rels-tively wall paid, should be encouraged to contributo small but regular nosats of their salaries on a voluntary deduction basis to refugee welfare. Some RFT employees have lrendy done this on an informal basis and have expressed a desire to do so on a regular doduction basis but have been siscouraged by the information that this would involve violation of RFE regula- ions. In view of the success of a similar welfare fund insti- tuted by the rollsh Labor Service Companies attached to the 3.3. Army in Germany, it is recommended that this possibility be investigatod. NECS might provo a sure means of channeling such aid to the refugee.-:-:-:-:-:-:-The form for refugoos in Turkey establised by the Gaz1 Khan Bessolt Committee which has an internationalspect resembling Yon Homoyer's approach would qualify for inclusion in the FEC3 program, although no specific proposal can be made until after a detailed field survey.D. Proposed organisations of FECS.1. PECS will be a service section of ICFS under the direc- torship of HUYE's General European Representativo. General policy headquarters will therefore be in Paris as well as the operationel subsection responsible for the administration of weg! the FACS branches in England and Fruace. This will have the advantages of removing the general policy headquarters from The immediate tensions and pressures of the frontier countries. The Director will have the task of general policy coordination of PECS with other NCPE divisions and of gining on a high level the cceptance of and cooperation with FECS by the na- tional and international Authorities concerned, perups by capihasis on the contribution whic F CS could make to their efforts to resolve the refugee problem.2. Operational headquarters under the direction of a PECS Deputy Director will be in Munich, the point closest to the refugees geographical center : from union the German refugee reception center at Velka and the austri in equivalent at Wels are each within half a day's drive, or less.
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## -22-3. The Deputy Director will be responsible for the implementation on the operational level in all areas of 11 the functions of F8C3 in line with policies established by the Director. The Deputy Director will be responsible for general operational policy coordination with the national and international authorities and voluntary agencies locally activo.4. The Deputy Director ill have six Aro Assistunts:1) North Germany, center Bonn or Hannover.2) South Germany, ceater munics and Viika3) US and French cones of Austria, center Salzburg and wels.4) British Zone Austria and Trieste possibly two assistents5) Italy, center Home.6) Paris, London and Bonolux, center ruris.7) Greece and Turkey, probably will require one area assiв- tant each. However, no field survey of the refugee situation in these two countries has as yet been possible.The duties of these Assistants will be to provide guidance, inspirtion and close administrative and financial supervision of the various national sections of 930S in their respective aron. Those Area Assistants must have considerable adminie- trative and financil latitusa in order that FOCS may possess the high degree of flexibility essential to its effective ex- ploitation of the fluid refugee situation. They must be fully informed of all employment and emigration ponsibilites, projects of volunt.:ry agencies, etc. Their cooperation and relations with local authorities and ctive agencice must be close and their relstions with them always excellent.4. PACS will, in each ren where it is to operate, form National Sections. These National Sections will be recruited and appointed by FECS. They may or may not include individu.l represent..tives of org.nitions Tre loclly active. In rare cases in the frontier countries, byt aloost entirely in England and France, prove: exile-organized refugee ald Committees will beccae the local National Sections. In cases where no proven exile-organiced refugee and Committens exist, the FECS Area Assistant will recruit with the help and approval of the Deputy Director a National Section Chief, who will in turn, with the approval of the area Assistant, recruit his own paid assistant or associate where necessary, an. as many as local volunteer section zamber-representatives as may be required by the amount of work, geographical distribution of the refugees, etc.5. Fossible organization of FECS national sections :Englanda) Albanians : special case
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-23-b) Bulgarians : Rizo Karastoyanova as Section Chiefc) Czechoslovaks : Anglo-Czechoslovak Relief Committeed) Estonians : Association of Estonians in Great Britaine) Hungarians : Section Chief to be recruited and appointedPossibly Father Henkey-Migf) Latvians : Latvian welfare Associationg) Lithuanians : Lithuanian Association in Great Britainh) Poles : Polish Ex-Combatants Associationi) Rumanian : Anglo-Rumanian Refugee Committeej) Yugoslavs : Yugoslav Welfare Committee (special case)Francea) Albanians : special caseb) Association des Réfugiés Bulgares en Francec) Comité d'Aide Sociale aux Réfugiés Tchécoslovaquesd) Comité d'Entr'Aide Estoniene) Comité des Réfugiés Hongroisf) Association d'Entr'Aide Letton en Franceg) Association Lithuanienne de Bienfaisanceh) Polish Section Chief and probably two paid assistantsto be recruited and appointed.i) GAROMANj) Yugoslav Section Chief and one paid assistant to berecruited and appointed (Special case).Germanya) special caseb) Bulgarian Section Chief to be recruited and appointed.c) Czechoslovak Section, paid Associate and one paidassistant to be recruited and appointed.d) Estonian National Committeee) Hungarian Office, plus Hungarian Relief Action
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-24-f) Latvian National Committee plus Latvian Red Crossg) Lithu..nian National Committeeh) rolish Section Chief and two paid assistants to be recruited and appointed.i) Kumanian Section Chief to be recruited and appointed. Chiefj) Yougoslav Section/and one paid assistunt to be recruited und appointed (Special cuse).## Austriaa) Special case-Albaniausb) Bulgarian Section Chief to be recruited and appointed.c) Czechoslovak Section Chief to be recruited and appointed.d) Estonino - nonee) Hungarian Section Chief and two paid ussistante to be recruited and appointed.f) Latviane - noneg) Lithuanians - noneh) Polish Section Chief to be appointed. Possible use of APWK Salzburg representative, ar. Knilski.i) Rumanian Section Chief to be recruited and appointed.j) Yugoslav Section Chief to be appointed. Possible use of Colonel Bojovic (Special case).## Triestea) special case-Albaniansb) Bulgarian Section Chief to be recruited and appointedc) Czechoslovaks - nonod) Estoniane - nonoe) Hungarian Section Chief and one paid assistant to be ppointed. Possible use of 'rof. Ternny as half-time Chief with full time assistant.f) Latvians - noneg) Lithuani..ne - noneh) Polish Section Chief to be recruited and appointed
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25-1) CAROMAN Trieste delegato and staff (Mr. Di Demotrio)j) Yugoslva Section Chief to be recruited and appointed (Special Case).Italya) Special case-Albaniansb) Bulgarian Section Chief to be recruited and appointedc) Czechoslovka - noned) Estonians - nonee) Hungarian Section Chief to be recruited and appointedf) Latvians - none.g) Lithuanians - noneh) Polish Section Chief and one paid assistant to be recruited and appointedi) Rumanian Section Chief to be recruited and appointedj) Yugoslav Section Chief to be recruited and appointed (Special Case).Note : In cases where no national section is provided due to the insignificant numbers of refugees present or probable, it is assumed that the Area Assistant coule handle the needs of special arrivals or cases if existent.E. PROPOSED ANNUAL BUDGET FOR FREE EUROPE CONSULAR SERVICE.1) Salariesa) Americans1) Deputy Director $ 12,000.002) 5 Area Assistants at $7,500.00 per year. 37,500.00   (the duties of the sixth Area Assistant, covering France, Britain and the Benelux countries might be performed by a member of the staff of the Paris office).3) Executive Secretary to Deputy Director 4,000.00
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4) Bookkeeper (possibly locally hired)   $ 3,000.005) Quarters and living allowance   $ 56,500.00   (35% rough estimate : $ 19,775.00)19,775.00Total American Salaries  $ 76,275.00b. Exile Salaries24½1) 41/8 National Section Chiefs and   Associates at $350 per month   83,500.002) 10 paid assistants for National   Sections at $ 150 per month   18,000.00Total salaries Exiles and american  277,775.002. Travel in Europe and Maintenance of cars at   $300 each for 7 American staff members   ($1400.00 per month)  16,800.003. Two Annual Round trips U.S. - Europe 2,000.004. Rent, stationery, telephone, etc. for   Deputy Director's office 6,000.00.5. Expenses (travel, stationery, postage, etc.   for 24 1/2 National Section Chiefs at $30   a month per person) 8,820.006. Monthly subsidies to Exile-Organized Refugee   Aid Committeesa. Bulgarian Refugee Committee - London(Mrs. Karastoyanova) 3,000.00b. Anglo-Czechoslovak Relief Committee (London) 3,000.00c. Estonian Consulate - Welfare Division (London) 2,000.00d. Latvian Welfare Association (London) 2,000.00e. Lithuanian Welfare Committee (London) 2,000.00f. Polish Ex-Combattants Association (London) 10,800.00g. Anglo-Roumanian Relief (London) 5,400.00h. Yugoslav Welfare Committee (London) throughE.A.P.C.Y. 2,000.00i. Association des Réfugiés Bulgares en France(Paris) 4,800.00
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j. Comité d'Alde Sociale aux Refugide Tchecoslovaques (raria) $ 4,800.00k. Comit d'Entr'Aido Estonien (Paris) 3,000.00l. Comité des Réfugiés Hongrois (Paris) 10,000.00m. A380c1.tion d'Entr'Aide Letton en brance (Paris) 3,000.00n. Association Lithuanienne Bienfaisance (Paris) 3,000.00o. O ROMAN (Paris). 4,300.00p. antonian Autional Committee (Cormany) 6,000.00q. Hungarien Office and Hungarian Koliof Action (Germany) 20,000.00r. Latvian Hutional Committee and Latvian Red Cross (Germany) 7,000.00s. Lithuanian National Committee (Germany) 8,000.00t. CAROPAIN (Triosto) 1,200.007. Matérial costs of Implementation of FECB Program (extra-curricular schools, reading rooms, meetings, subscriptions, charts, posters, publicity) 50,000.008. Welfare Fund 50,000.00Total Annual Budget for ECS 7417,695.00Citel Outlay in Initial Yours of Operationa. purchase of cars at 1000 eac. for use of 5 areus assistants in frontier countries 5,000.00b. 10 one-way tripe U.S.-Europe for transpor- tation to job of American prisonnol (and wives and childred where they oziet at 1500 each) 5,000.00c. Furniture and equipment for Deputy Director's office 700.00Total $10,700.00Mary Augustine Roger L. Bull
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information29 July 1952MEMORANDUM FOR: Chief, IO DivisionSUBJECT: Report of Ex-King Michael's Interestin Rumanian Refugee Unity1.  Transmitted herewith is a report which will be of interest to the NCFE in its current negotiations with the Rumanian refugees.2.  The views of the King with regard to the Iron Guards and others listed, are in agreement with those of this Division.3.  It is requested that arrangements be made for representatives of the NCFE to meet with personnel of this Division to discuss the current negotiations and utilizing this recent information.AttachmentGRATIAN H. YATSEVITCHDeputy for Policy Coordination, SBSECRETOrig-Buricu
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SECRET24 July 1952MEMORANDUM FOR: Chief, IO DivisionSUBJECT: G. Popescu-Botosani; J. Radovan;J. Aron1. This office has no objection, with respect to security, to the employment of the three subject Rumanians, who have requested State Department assistance in getting on the NCFE payroll.2. However, it is recommended that no action be taken on their behalf until the present attempt to settle the refugee situation is completed, in order to avoid any appearance of NCFE's favoring one faction.GRATIAN H. YATSEVITCHDeputy for Policy Coordination, SB4 AttachmentsBiographiesSECRETOrig - Surker
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625-1- SECRET  Security Infc July 22,1952To: George LoftonFrom: Leonard I. StammFor your information I enclose a copy of our contract letter with Leland Stowe. I send you this because of the considerable discussion of the case.I can't tell you how much I appreciate your consideration and help in this whole affair. It really pulled us out of a deep, deep hole. My very best.Leonard I. StammTONICAttachment in ACFE. files (ald 17 July)- SECORT  Security i
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22 July 1952B.FilleMEMORANDUM FOR: DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCESUBJECT: National Committee for a Free EuropeAttached is a memorandum which it is suggested be shown to the Director of Central Intelligence in time for a scheduled meeting of the Director, members of CIA, and members of the Board of the National Committee for a Free Europe on Monday, 4 August.Attachment As stated.CIO: TWB:ehOrig - Addressee1 cc - ADD/A1 cc - IO/TONIC1 cc - CIO2 cc - RIL. K. WHITEActing Deputy Director(Administration)
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DRAFTSECRETSecurity Information21 July 1952Richards memoMEMORANDUM TO: DCISUBJECT: Study of Working Relations between NCFE and CIA by IO and AS/S1. Following upon its assumption of responsibility for the NCFE project, 10, aided by the AS/S, has undertaken over the past two months *has concluded* an investigation into the NCFE/CIA relations. It is apparent that these relations have deteriorated to a dangerous extent and the Agency has lost control of the NCFE activity to a degree it can no longer ignore.2. In general, the fundamental defect in the relationship is that the NCFE has refused to recognize the legitimate duties and responsibilities of CIA for the policies, financial administration, and security aspects of the NCFE, and the latter has persisted in regarding itself as virtually autonomous. The secondary weakness in the situation has been the inadequacy and confusion of the procedures which were developed to maintain control over and evaluation of NCFE's activities.3. As examples of the consequences to which these weaknesses have led, the following are cited: (here should be discussed illustrations of specific problems such as those in your para. a.)4. The remedy which is being developed as a consequence of this investigation is the re-definition of the responsibilities of CIA and authorities of NCFE and the development of new procedures for the conduct of relations between NCFE and CIA. These definitions and procedures have been reduced to a Memorandum of Agreement which has been prepared by CIA and submitted to NCFE for study. A copy of this Agreement is attached as Appendix A. The Senior Vice President of the NCFE has reviewed this Agreement in detail and has prepared his comments thereon, a copy ofSECRETSecurity Information
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which is attached as Appendix B. In brief, those comments bear out in instance siter instance the assertions sot forth above as to the fundamon- tal difficulties with which we are faced in the administration of this project.5. The PRC already has reviewed this Aprocment and the 1953 fiscal year budget subritted by NCFE. The Corrittoo is so convinced of the woakness the present situation and the need for its improvement along the lines suggested by the Nomorandun of Agrocment that it has rofused to approve the budist of the NCFE until a satisfactory Kemorandum of and the budget resubmitted Agreement is concluded in the manner prescribed therein.6. There is, a choice batuwon basically only two tematives, viz., CIA either has a duty and responsibility to ensure, affima- tively, the caduct of the NCFE program in accordance with CIA's own special mission general responsibilities as a Government agency, or The NCFE is an autonomous organization operating indopendently of any Govercrent direction and controlel, in which event this Agency should formally scicate the responsibilities with which it has been charged in this connection.
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13 July 1952Dear Mr. Leat:I would appreciate it if you would deliver this envelope to Mr. John C. Hughes, 40 Worth Street, New York.Thanks,/s/ Tom Braden
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2203 Foxhall Road, N.W.Washington, D.C.17 July, 1952Dear JohntI was glad of our meeting day before yesterday andI ar looking forward to seeing you soon again.Here is a memorandum I addressed to A. a short timeago which I would like you to read because it may give yousome indication of how we are trying to get to work hero.It is for your eyes only.I talked to Min on the telephone this morning and heseamed in an extremely bellicose moss. This bellicosity,replete with references to "little people who get in hishair", "from now on I'm dealing oniy with the top", and"otherwise there are going to be soms resignations here"is difficult for me because I as partly Irish, and as abloto resign as the next man. I have succeeded, however, inmaintaining my Scotch heritage to the Core so far, andsince you assure me that none of this is personally directedat myself, or people like Bill Dirkes woon I persuaded tocome and help me or to the job that I am sincerely andhonestly trying to do, I will try te keep it there. It wasnevertheless awfully calming to have a chance for such agood talk with you.Sincerely,/s/ TEnclosureMr. John HughesMc Campbell & Company40 Worth StreetNew York, New York