Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
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4!3 1 7-RFE 7 7-21-53PHENIX LANG WALKER GRIFFITH EN CONLONFOLLOWS RADIO PRAGUE ANNOUNCEMENT CDIO TODAY RE BOTE ON BALLOONS."THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS HAS SENT THE FOLLOWING NOTE TO THEEMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES ON JULY 20, 1953:DURING THE PAST DAYS BALLOONS WERE SENT TO CZECHOSLOVAK TERRITORYWITH LEAFLETS OF A NATORE DESIGNED TO INCITE DISCONTENT OF THEPOPULATION AND TO ENCOURAGE ANTI-STATE ACTIVITIES. THIS NEW ATTEMPTTO INFLUENCE THE CZECHOSLOVAK WORKING PEOPLE WITH PROPAGANDA BEANS OFSO PRIMITIVE A LEVEL, UNDERSTANDABLY KET WITH INDIGNANT RESISTANCE,THAT THE ENTIRE ACTIONWAS PREPARED AND CARRIES CUT BY AMERICAN CITIZENS SENT FOR THISPURPOSE TO GERMANY, TO GERMAN TERRITORY UNDER US OCCUPATION ADMINIS-TRATION. IT IS THEREFORE A NEW INSTANCE WHERE THE UNITED STATESGOVERNMENT ABUSED ITS POSITION AS AN OCCUPATION POWER TOWARDS ENDOINCOMPATIBLE SITH THE FOUR POWER AGREEMENT ON GERMANY, WHICH BINDSTHE UNITED STATE TO CARRY OUT THE OCCUPATION ACCORDING TO THE BASICTENET THAT GERMANY IS NEVER AGAIN TO BECOME A THREAT TO BORLLPEACE AND ITS NEIGHBOURS.
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AANOTHER IMPORTANT FA OR WHICH MAKES THIS NEW V. LATION OF BASICPRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL LA PARTICULARLY OBJECTIONABLE IS THEFACT THAT IT TOOK PLACE AT A TIME WHEN THE NATIONS OF THE ENTIREWORLD ARE INCREASING THEIR EFFORTS TO STRENGTHEN THE PEACE AND ASSUREPEACEFUL COOPERATION.THE AIM OF THIS PROVOCATIVE ACTION, ORGANIZED UNDER THE PROTECTIONOF US OCCUPATION AUTHORITIES IS TO INCREASE THE POLICIES OF THESO-CALLED COLD WAR AND TO PREVENT A LOOSENING OF INTERNATIONAL TEN-SION.FOR THESE REASONS THE GOVERNMENT OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA DECISIVELY PRO-TESTS AGAINST THIS ACTION AND ASKS THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITEDSTATES TO FURNISH INFORMATION ON THE STEPS TAKEN TO PREVENT SIMILARPROVOCATIONS AIMED AGAINST PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE OF NATIONS, REPRE-SENTING CRUDE INTERFERENCE IN INTERNAL CZECHOSLOVAK AFFAIRS."END ASC
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4-00000STORES July 25, 1834Cuccher legalBalleri SporasionThe "Cermontney of the Week" quotes ad arist "Rude Pravo" dealing with the proparasion for "...". 1o lion brenaenat from abroud, no balloon open can doby th ches that the plan for "X-Day" which had top100 5 years Failed with the Hortin plota.The wookly from "Uncle iron Stanictiona and undereatlante the significendo o the one on oporacior This propea Vea brondeant by Radio Restore in Slovak dlalost, Th Bolls the story of the "tue" Hound ac of the crowes bich had been put into the bad cons on the real and of course immediately recognized the boy wor only the imitacions or the coal crom. ex: ho onsored the tobacconist stop and shen payingales girl Beeldent the crown hand fours on the.. Che only our and told hiu ba could not get anything for che has to buy whin rond Coccalovokuoν
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SECRETSECURITY INFORMATION21 July 1953MEMORANDUM FOR: DEFUTY DIRECTOR (PLANS)SUBJECT: Czech Minister of Foreign Affairs' Note to America LegationREFERENCE: Memo dated 21 July 1953 - Subject: "Czech Reactions to Balloon Operation"1. The Czech Desk of the Department of State is preparing an answer to the Czech note which will generally disclaim any U.S. Governmental responsibility for the balloon operation. The VOA is being instructed to brush off the Czech note and to cite it as another example of the regime's attempt to prevent the Czech people from getting the truth.2. RFE will not comment on the note except to report the U.S. reply as a news item, but will comment on the Rude Pravo editorial taking the line the Czech Government can't let its people know the truth and also speculating on how many Czechs did not turn in their pamphlets.THOMAS W. BRABENChief,International Organizations DivisionC-IO/Branch 1/WPD/mhjDistribution:Addressee - orig & 1C-IO/Branch 1 - 2CIO - 1RI - 1SECRET
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SEGETSECURITY INFORMATION21 July 1953HOHANDI FOR: DOPUTY DIRECTO (FAC)SUBJECT: Czech reactions to balloon operation1. Attached are Czech reactions to the balloon operation inclwling; the text of a note from the Czech Ministry of Forei Affairs delivered Loday to the American Ambassy in Frague.2. Radio Free Europe has been instructed not to corrent upon this note until directeć.![Signature of Thomas W. Braden]Thomas w. BradenChofInternational Organizations DivisionAttachment: a/3SEGETSECURITY FORMATION
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SECRETSECURITY INFORMATIONFollow Radio Prague announcement: 0510 today re note on balloons:"The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has sent the following note to the Embassy of the United States on July 20, 1953:During the past days balloons were sent to Czechoslovakian territory with leaflets of a nature designed to incite discontent of the population and to encourage anti-state activities. This new attempt to influence the Czech working people with propaganda means of so primitive a level, understandably met with indignant instance, that the entire action was prepared and carried out by American citizens sent for this purpose to Germany, to German territory under U.S. occupation administration. It is, therefore, a new instance where the U.S. Government abused its position as an occupation power towards ends incomparable with the four power agreement on Germany, which binds the U.S. to carry out the occupation according to the basic tenet that Germany is never again to become a threat to world peace and its neighbors.Another important factor which makes this new violation of basic principle of international law particularly objectionable is the fact that it took place at a time when the nations of the entire world are increasing their efforts to strengthen the peace and assure peaceful cooperation.The aim of this provocative action, organized under the protection of U.S. occupation authorities is to increase the policies of the so-called cold war and to prevent a loosening of international tensions.For these reasons the Government of Czechoslovakia decisively protests against this action and asks the Government of the U.S. to furnish information on the steps taken to prevent similar provocation aimed against peaceful co-existence of nations, representing crude interference in Internal Czech affairs."SECRET
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COPYMUNICH RFE 20 - JULY 20, 1953FLEASE NOTE THAT TODAY'S PRAYDA CARRIED PEPRINT OF MAJOR PORTION OF PUDE PRAVO BALLOON EDITORIAL,INCLUDING MENTION OF RFE, UNDER TITLE: "ATONER OF THE CZECHOSLOVAK PROPLE TO THE PROVACASZTRO AND SLANDERS". UNITED PRESS CARLIED STORY OF BUDE PRAVO EDITORIAL UNDER VIENNA DATELINE JULY 10.END
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RESEARCH AND FOILICATIONS SERVICEJuly 20, 1953The following report is one of the first full attacks on the recent "Beligon Operation" in Czechoslovakia. The text was read over Radio Prague on July 15, 1953:We are going to read to you new an article from today's Rure Prave. The article is called "An Action Doomed to Failure". Thanks to the peace policy of the Sovie Union and of all the countries of the camp of peace, the conviction that a war can be prevented grew stronger among the people all through the world. Naturally, this evolution crestes a great concern with those for whom war ccosti- tutes a source of immeasurable gains and of a luxurious lie. Therefore the warmongers do sieir best to put obstacles in thе way which leads towards the lessening of international tension. In Korea the part of the provacateur and saboteur of the peace effort was given to Syngman Rhee. In Germany bandits were used, recruited from the ranks of Nazi war criminals in the democratic sector of Berlin as well as in some other parts of the German Democratic Republic. And after the failure this much heralded day, there comes the hypocritical and denagogical offer to help to the popula- tion of the DDR, which was made for obvious propaganda reasons which, in fact, was admitted by the Western bourgeois presa.Into this chain of provocations which are aimed against the strengthening of peace there also belongs the American propaganda action which was started in the last days in Western Germany against Czechoslovakia. In a similer way in which two years ago the 111-famed "Crutacers for Freedom" were doing it, today again balloons dispersing inflamatory leaflets over our territon are being sent from the Bavarian side.The Munich transmitter Free Europe, financed by Ford and similar "institutions" speaks bombastically of the propaganda balloon action which, allegedly is the biggest action of this kind which ever has been attempted and for the direction of which there came to Western Germany specialists from America.We can indeed certify that the balloons specialists did no apare the leaflets in the first two days tens and hundreds of thousands of those deaflets are with our police and our national comitttees where they are being brought by our citizens after having teen discovered. The farmer Hajek from Doubravcice, district of Cecky Brod, brought an entire parcel of leaflets which came down in one piece. Joser Korinck frch Zatec brought an entire balloon which feil dow The leaflets are being crought by the workers of the Vladimir Lenin Works as well as other factories, by farmers, railwaymen and children. Yet even if the balloon action wes not only four times bigger - as Free Europe says - but hundred times bigger then the Crusade accior. cf 1951, it will bring to its initiators the very opposite of what they had in mind.
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With words of justified anger cur citizens come with the leaflets and they are especially offended by the fact that one of the leaflets de some kind of a facrimile of the new Czechoslovak crown stamped on both sides by inflamatory woras. Gur citizens hold in esteem the new crown which is firm and valuable and has a great purchasing power which helped us to get rid of rationing and, therefore, with sharp and ofter crude words they criticize that 1ts image had been misused && the basis for printing; big lies concerning the government of our republic and the USSR.The second icarlet is propagating the Fasciat provocations which took place on seventeen June ir the German Democratic Republic. When those provocations ended by failure, their organizers ordered that they should be aged at last for the printing of leaflets with picturea, demonstrating the bandits of Berlin in action; as they are starting fires or indulging in provocations, etc.Those pictures belong into the series of the photographs which the Hazin Chroatcutters used to take while they were starting fires in the occupied countries, in the Ukraine, in Cradour, in Li Lidice. It is quite natural that this, too. can only create dis- guot towards those who have started this criminal action. Besides, the pictures of the Fascist provocations in Berlin are no Bепва- tional news for us, as the directors of the bailoor action cbviously imagine. Similar pictures were published not long ago in our Svet Frace, It demonstrates the absolute political shortsighted- ness which when people mentioned it is described as stupidity of the organizers of the balloor action who think that they could influence our people by leaflets one side o.. which constitute3 a glorification of hatred and of the attack against peace which was to take place on 17th June in Berlin.In vain is the part of the defender of Czechosloval: working people and this will always be the same Assumed by those, from whose actions there emanates the wish to start a new murderous war which is not wanted by any honest working citizen whatever be his political or his religious opinion. This provocetion clearly demonstrates how the USA reactionary circles plan the lessering of international tension.It is a gro63 heresy just at the time when the people of the entire world are looking forward with hope towards the possibility of a truce in Korea, when with confidence they are following the peace policy of USSR, aiming at the peaceful settlement of all disputed international questions.Therefore, the ballcon action wan met with sharp condemnation on the part of cur people. The balloor specialists would certainly not like to hear what the people say when they bring the leafiets to the SNB and to the National Committees. It is worth noticing that ever such people who so far did not find an active attitude to the socialist development express their surprise about the means the West is employing. And all our people are deeply offended by the latent violating of the independence of our State territory. They are surprised by the great amount of stupidity of the poe
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-3-who thought that they will achieve anything by the balloons.True, the Crusaders of Freedom in the West are losing more and more possibilities for conducting enemy activity on the territory of our Republic. On the frontiers of our country there stands a vigilant guard which breaks all the attempts of their agents and they must be contented with the balloon action which our people overtly laughed at and which they condemn.They openly say that the entire action was a kind of provocation which not even Hitler dared to commit at the time of the greatest hatred campaign against Czechoslovakia. When they are bringing the leaflets which they had found to the security organs and to the administrative organs, they ask that the action should be publicly condemned.This spontaneous disgust concerning the balloon action demonstrated in which complete isolation lack of information and ignorance of the real thinking of our working people do live, the mercenaries of Free Europe which is the patron of this action. Free Europe even broadcast, while propagating the balloons: some kind of poor poetry in which one says, that "Always all the good things were coming from above" and that our people knew this.Yet our people have got a longer memory than Free Europe believes... They will remember what good came to them from above from the West; that it was the bombs which on the eve of the end of the war were murdering women and children in peaceful residential quarters of Prague and Plzen and which destroyed the Plzen Skoda Works and the Prague Kolben Works in order to make our reconstruction more difficult. Later we were getting from above, from Western Germany a flood of the Colorado beetle which was supposed to bring us misery and starvation, and they know very well American pilots are bringing from above to the women and children of Korea.And one more coincidence: One of the boxes with leaflets which was found near France in the Plzen Region carried the inscription Munchen and also with the name of Munich are connected for every citizen the memories of the worst time of our nations: the memories how in reality looks the love of the so-called friends of our people.In fact the organizers of the ridiculous and stupid balloon action spent their dollars for balloons, paper and metal shapes carrying the emblem of Free Europe which are also being spread. They can hardly expect any thanks on the part of their employers because the result is exactly the contrary of the expected. True, a few business men finally got their pockets full. But otherwise the action was decided to failure from its very beginning. This action blown up by Free Europe deflated soon: Just as its balloons.
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CONFIDENTIALDraft Note to Czechoslovak Government*Verbatim Text*Following is text note for transmission FOHORY in reply to its note July 20.Begin text. The American Embassy presents its compliments to the Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs and with reference to the Ministry's Note of July 20, 1953, concerning the release of balloons from the US Zone of Germany has the honor, upon instructions of the US Government, to make the following reply:The balloons apparently in question were not released by any official agency of this Government but by the Crusade for Freedom, an organization established by private American citizens. The US Government has ascertained that the balloons were released for the purpose of communicating with the people of Czechoslovakia.It is a fundamental conviction of the American Government and people that free communication between peoples constitutes a principle upon which the very life of the international community should be founded. If any government attempts to erect a wall sealing off its people from contact with the outside world, it is inevitable that ways will be found both by the people inside that country and by the peoples of other countries outside to penetrate that artificial barrier and maintain some line of contact with one another. The use by those outside of such media as balloons confirms that the Czechoslovak Government has created a barrier interfering with free communication. The US believes that the best assurance that this means of communication will not be used is to obviate the need for it by permitting what is natural and necessary in the modern world, namely, free contact between nations and the free exchange of information and ideas.As forCONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL- 2 -As for the content of the messages carried to Czechoslovakia by this medium, it is understood that they contained information on current developments in Central and Eastern Europe and in addition various statements focusing on the idea of "freedom". There would be no reason for a government to be disturbed about the principle of freedom in a message to its people, if conditions of freedom actually existed in that country. One cannot readily believe that the Czechoslovak Government would even raise this issue with the US Government if the fundamental freedoms were observed in Czechoslovakia and if the Czechoslovak Government were not now especially concerned about the attitude of the people toward the absence of those freedoms.The US Government cannot agree that the transmission of those messages to the people of Czechoslovakia from the territory of the US Zone of Germany by the Crusade for Freedom Committee involved any misuse of the position of the US as an occupying power. Such communication is clearly not contrary to any quadripartite agreements affecting Germany. Nor does such communication violate any other international agreement to which the US Government is a signatory.With reference to efforts to strengthen world peace the US, as is generally known, has endeavored in every practicable way to work stop by step, in accordance with the deep interests of the American people in permanent peace and in cooperation with other countries, toward building an enduring structure of international peace and stability. The US seeks to help bring about a relaxation of international tension wherever there are genuine possibilities of doing so. It is recognized at the same time that true international tranquillity presupposes conditions which assure human rights and fundamental freedoms for the people concerned. End text/Cable soonest intended date delivery so press release may be issued here.
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# 14-00000# Sem't of InformationFollows Radio Prague announcement 0510 today re note on balloons:"The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has sent the following note to the Embassy of the United States on July 20, 1953:During the past days balloons were sent to Czech territory with leaflets of a nature designed to insight discontent of the population and to encourage anti-state activities. This new attempt to influence the Czech working people with propaganda means of so primitive a level, understandably not with indignate instance, that the entire action was prepared and ceerted out by American citizens sent for this purpose to Germany, to German territory under US occupation administration. It is therefore a new instances more the US Government abuse in position as an occupation power towards ends incomparable with the four power agreement on Germany, which binds the US to carry out the occupation according to the basic tenet that Germany is never again to become a threat to world peace and ile neighbors.Another important factor which makes this new violation of basic principle of international law particularly objectionable is the fact that it took place at a time then the nations of the entire world are increasing their efforts to strengthen the peace and assure peaceful cooperation.The aim of this provocative action, organized under the protection of US occupation authorities is to increase the policies of the so-called cold war and to prevent a loosening of international tensions.For these reasons the Government of Czech decisively protest against this action and ask the Government of the US to furnish information on the steps taken to prevent similar perversion aimed against peaceful co-existence of nations, representing crude interference in internal Czech affairs."
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UNCLASSIFIED RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET(SENDER WILL CIRCLE CLASSIF.. FION TOP AND BOTTOM)CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCYOFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP| TO   |           | INITIALS | DATE   || ---- | --------- | -------- | ------ || 1    | DD/P      |          |        || .2   |           |          |        || 3    |           |          |        || 4    |           |          |        || 5    |           |          |        || FROM |           | INITIALS | DATE   || 1    | CIO       | TWB      | 4 June || 2    |           |          |        || 3    | file NEFE |          |        |APPROVAL INFORMATION SIGNATUREACTION DIRECT RIPLY ALTURNCOMMENT PREPARATION OF REPLY DISPATCHCONCURRENCE RECOMMENDATION FILEREMARKS:Attached is Mr. Durkee's recommendation in rospect to Hr. Zygmunt Nagorski, Jr., International Federation of Free Journalists and the Free European Press Service. His recommendation is that we do not support this organisation for FW or intelligence purposes. I concur in it.see 2 June Chrono TWBSECRET CONFIDENTIAL RESTRICTED UNCLASSIFIED
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# SECRETSecurity Informa20 July 1953TO : C/ACSUBJECT: yment Inforazi; Free European Press Service;International Federation of Free Journalists.REFERENCE: Home to M/F fr C/AM dtd 19 June, same subject.1. I have read with interest the reference to memorandum which concludes with recommendations against the utilization of Ingorski and his "organization" in connection with PP operations, including dissemination activities. It is my recollection tint there had been a previous recommendation against the use of this individual and his colleagues and associates as sources of information. It is my further recollection that in part as the result of a recommendation which we received from C. D. Jackson, we recently granted a very modest ($3500 per month) subsidy to cover a try-out period of a few months' duration.2. Will you please advise me if I am wrong in any of my points of recollection as indicated above. If, on the other hand, my recollection is accurate, will you please prepare for my signature a brief communication suitable for transmittal to Mr. C. D. Jackson and stating, in effect, that whereas we did in fact go forward with a modest subsidy for a three (?) month period, we have now had an opportunity to re-examine this entire situation indtall, including the identity and character of Navorski's sources and associates, and have reached the conclusion that we have no interest or desire to continue our support and relations in with Navorski beyond the conclusion of the trial perfed.(Signed) RELAT WISTDeputy Director (Plans)cc: C/C/10Attachments:ref. memo and taln.SECRET