Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
[104-10181-10154.pdf — page 1]
CONFIDENTIA- 2 -in his choice of a career and probably helped KOVALEV through his own connections. (Fnu MATVEYEV, the father-in-law, had once been an important KGB official in the Belorussian SSR.) Source also believes that KOVALEV, while he is an MVD officer, has close ties with the KGB and may have been co-opted by ft. He bases this belief on KOVALEV's close and frequent association with Anatoliy AKSENOV, a KGB lieutenant (the subject of a separate report). The Yubileynaya, a hotel where foreigners stay, is apparently one of KOVALEV's assignments, as he is frequently seen there.6. (Fnu) PINYAZ' is the MVD officer who works with KOVALEV. Born in about 1945, PINYAZ' is of average height and build, has short blond hair, gray eyes, and dresses'simply in an apparent effort to be inconspicuous. During a drinking session, PINYAZ' admitted to Source that he “cooperates closely" with the KGB. PINYAZ' is frequently seen at the Hotel Turist.7. Traces: (SE/SAG/OP routinely uses the following sources in tracing: Soviet GICS, Soviet travel, IP Main Index, OCR and SE/SAG/OP branch index. These traces should not be construed as being extensive or complete and any recipients of this report with an active interest in any of the subjects should run full traces of their own.A. There are no Headquarters traces on Anatoliy Aleksandrovich AKSENOV (para 5).*AKSENOV, Anatoliy AleksandrovichSEX: MDOB: 1948POB: USSR. MinskCIT: USSROCC: KGB officerLOC: USSR. MinskKnown to Soviet emigre 201-0948382. In charge of KGB unit in Yubileynaya Hotel in Minsk.B. There are no Headquarters traces on Vladimir KOVALEV (paras 2-5).*KOVALEV, VladimirSEX: MDOB: ca 49POB: USSRCIT: USSROCC: MVD officerLOC: USSR, MinskKnown to Soviet emigre 201-0948382. Is assigned to the Yubileynaya Hotel in Minsk.CONFIDENTIAL
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C. There are no Headquarters traces on PINYAZ', fnu (para 6).*PINYAZ'*, fnuSEX: MDOB: ca. 45POB: USSRCIT: USSROCC: MVD officerLOC: USSR, MinskKnown to Soviet Emigre 201-0948382. Is assigned to the Hotel Turist in Minsk.Victor F. ZiminSE/SAG/OPSE/SAG/OP: Natalie Valetich/Anna Peterson:ekDistribution:Orig: IP/DMSE (please classify into 201-0948382, index names in para 7)1 - C/SE/SAG, C/SE/IO, SE/USSR1 - SE/RR1 - SE/CI, attn Joe Flaherty1 - SE/SAG/OP chrono
[104-10181-10154.pdf — page 3]
CONFIDENTIALMEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORDSX-324398 September 1977SUBJECT: Organization, Functions, and Personalities of the MVD in MinskSOURCE: (201-0948382), a foreign-language student from Minsk who worked in various jobs throughout the USSR. Born in 1949, he emigrated in 1976. Neither his bona fides nor his reporting reliability has been established.DATE OF INFORMATION: 1969-76DATE OF INTERVIEW: 26-28 April 19771. The headquarters of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) of the Belorussian SSR is on the corner of prospekt Lenina and ulitsa Uritskogo in Minsk. The Minister is General-leytenant KLIMOVSKIY. He is married and has two daughters, both of whom studied in foreign languages at the Belorussian State University.2. There is an MVD militia unit, called an internal affairs section (otdel vnutrennikh del, OVD), in each of the six rayons (precincts) of Minsk, as follows:A. Frunze Rayon OVD, on Obuz'naya ulitsa.B. Tsentral'nyy Rayon OVD, on the corner of Respubli-kanskaya ulitsa and Komsomol'skaya ulitsa.C. Sovet Rayon OVD, on Ploshchad' Ya.Kolasa.D. Oktyabr' Rayon OVD.E. Lenin Rayon OVD, at Serebryanka Mikro-rayon.F. Zavod Rayon OVD, on Partizanskiy prospekt.3. Each of these rayon OVDs (known as ROVD) consists of the following departments (otdeleniye):A. Investigations Department (Sledstvennoye otdeleniye). the largest component of the ROVD, conducts investigations of all crimes committed within the boundaries of the rayon. According to Source, the best educated and most highly trained investigators and inspectors at the militia are to be found.![Record Copy stamp]CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL-2-in this department. In the Frunze ROVU, Inspectors Aleksandr GLYDOVSKIY and Vladimir MELESHKO were friends of Source, whc.stated that both men have anti-Soviet leanings. An MVD major,Vladimir KOMAROVICH, investigates the most serious cases.B. The Department for Combatting the Embezzlement of Socialist Property and Speculation (OBKhSS) is concerned with protecting socialist property in state establishments such as stores, plants and factories, hotels and restaurants. The following OBKhSS personalities were known to Source: (fnu) MALYSHKO and (fnu) POLYANSKIY in the Frunze ROVD, (fnu) KELLER and (fnu) VYSOTSKIY in the Tsentral'nyy ROVD, and (fnu) SUCHKOV in the Oktyabr' ROVD.C. Department for Combatting Parasitism (Otdel bor'by s tuneyadstvom). Source thought that the term "parasitism (tuneyadstvo) had recently been removed from the USSR Criminal Code and replaced by "vagrancy, begging and other parasitic types of existence." But the official procedures remain the same. Soviet citizens not engaged in socially productive labor are first given a warning, which they must sign at the department. If they remain unemployed, their case is turned over to a court, and the offense is punishable by a sentence of up to two years. However, there are ways to get around the law. Source says that if it can be shown that parents or a spouse are providing support or if a person can get seasonal work, he can defend himself before the department. But most citizens are not aware of these loopholes, according to Source. After the Investigations Department, this militia department turns over the greatest number of citizens to the courts. Also, this department and the law that it enforces are frequently used against dissidents.D. Passport Department. Employees of this department make entires in the internal passports of citizens regarding their place of residence, and this department therefore gets many visitors. The department also enforces passport regulations.E. The Guards and Protection (Okhrana) Department is responsible for providing militia protection to special establishments, such as radio and television studios and stations. This department also provides escorts for prisoners and guards at trials.F. Department of Burglar and Intrusion Alarms (Otdel vnevedomstvennoy okhrany OVO). Source did not have any information on this department except that he thought it provides guards and watchmen for various enterprises in addition to its work with alarm systems.G. Motor Pool (Motodivizion) provides and maintains patrol cars and motorcycles for the militia.CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL-3-4. The rayon OVDs (ROVDs) fall under the Minsk City Internal Affairs Directorate (Gorodskoye upravleniye vnutrennikh del, GUVD) of the Executive Committee of the Minsk City Soviet. (fnu) PISKAREV, who holds the rank of general-mayor of internai affairs, is chief of the Minsk GUVD. The GUVD, which is on Dobromyshlenskiy pereulok, houses the pretrial detention cell (kamera predvaritel'nogo zaklyucheniya, KPZ and OVIR). Even though the Minsk city OVIR falls under the Belorussian Republic OVIR, there is no republic-level OVIR office in Minsk, although there are some republic-level OVIR officials who sit in the MVD headquarters building on prospekt Lenina.5. Shortly before Source left Minsk to emigrate, he learned of a very small section in the GUVD, consisting of two or three people engaged in the surveillance of foreigners. Of particular interest to this section are the foreigners' contacts with black marketeers (fartsovshchiki). Although Source previous- ly thought that only the KGB was concerned with black marketeers, he concluded that the MVD is also involved and thất the two organizations probably work closely together, both posting their representatives in the hotels where foreigners stay, such as the Turist, the Yubileynaya, and the Minsk. Source knew of two members of this small section, Vladimir KOVALEV and (fnu) PINYAZ' (who are covered in a separate report)![signature]Victor F. ZiminSE/SAG/OPSE/SAG/OP:Anna K. Peterson:ch (7 Oct 77)Distribution:Orig - IP/DMSE (please classify into 201-0948382).1 - C/SE/SAG, C/SE/IO, SE/USSR1 - SE/RR1 - SE/CI, Attn: Joe Flaherty1 - SE/SAG/OP chronoCONFIDENTIAL201-948382
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# CONFIDENTIAL![DOC. MICRO. SER. SEP 15 1977 MICROF...]![SX-32430 2 September 1977]MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORDSUBJECT: Druzninniki and Operativniki, Voluntary Civilian Militia PatrolmenSOURCE: (201-0948382), a foreign-language student from Minsk, who worked in numerous jobs throughout the USSR. Born in 1949, he emigrated in 1976. Heither his bona fides nor his reporting reliability has been established.DATE OF INFORMATION: 1969-76DATE OF INTERVIEW: 26-28 April 19771. The *druzhina* is a group of civilians who volunteer to assist the militia in maintaining public order. Although the *druzhiny* originated spontaneously in about 1962, they have since become official appendages of the militia. There is at least one *druzhina* in each factory, public and commercial enterprise, institute and technical school. Although the *druzhina* officers are supposedly elected, they actually are appointed by the administration at the factory. A duty roster is posted. Almost everyone except the management has to be on duty at one time or another; no one can refuse. It is very hard to make people, especially the factory workers, roam the streets on *druzhina* duty after a day's work because they would rather go home.2. In the institutes the *druzhiny* operate this way. After lectures all the students of a particular department have to attend a compulsory meeting. The senior *druzhinnik* of the institute is in charge of the meeting, together with the senior *druzhinniki* and deputies in the departments. Those students who for some reason did not manage to escape this duty (using a medical excuse, influence with the chief, or other means), are then marched to the nearest *druzhina* post. There are dozens of such posts in each *rayon* (precinct) of the militia, usually in the basements of apartment houses. Usually there is an officer of the militia there, with several militiamen of lower ranks.![CONFIDENTIAL]
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CONFIDENTIAL- 2 -3. At the _druzhina_ post, each _druzninnik_ gets a red arm band to wear. Then, they are dispatched to different locations to patrol and uphold public order. What actually happens is that they just walk around the streets for a while, then return the red arm bands and go home. Not all of them, however, just walk around: for any number of reasons (desire to get ahead, anger at the world, or exercise of a little power) some of them grab off the streets either innocent people or obvious drunks and take them to the post. Source himself was taken in several times to such a post. There a militia officer fills out a report, and does not even try to listen to the detained person's explanation of what happened. If you do not try to prove your innocence, the matter will end just with a fine of five to ten rubles and a report to your place of work, which will cause you to lose any bonus pay at work. If you try to argue, to prove your innocence, then the action is more serious. A patrol car that periodically visits each post, picks you up, and takes you to the rayon MVD. There, the militia nolds you all day. In the best case, you have to pay a fine of ten rubles, and in the worst case, you receive fifteen days of confinement with compulsory labor, only if there was nothing criminal in your behavior. If there was, then you get a trial and a jail sentence.4. If the _druzhinniki_ do not bring anyone in, they are criticized for not doing their job conscientiously. Another reason for pressure on them, in Source's opinion, is that the government needs the money from the fines.5. Some of the more active _druzhinnik_ are offered jobs in militia after graduation.6. Source heard about another organization, the _operativniki_, but he does not know the difference between them and the _druzninniki_. It seems that the _operativnik_ are a little higher in rank. They meet in secret, no one announces their meetings, or the names of the members. No one knows or talks about it.7. In the Institute of Foreign Languages, the chief of the _operativnik_ was Vladimir SHUMRIKOV, born. 1939, about 186 cm. tall, sturdily build, an athlete (former smotputter) who has short wavy hair, dark eyes, large features, and a fairly handsome, but somewhat hard face. He graduated from Illyaz in 1973, speaks Englisin and German, likes to drink, always hangs around the for- eigners at the sport meets. SHU!!RIKOV has been a Party member stace 1973. Source saw him several times with Yevgeniy SURGATOV (KGB) in a Minsk bar. SHUMRIKOV also knows KCB senior lieutenant Anatoliy Alexsandrovich AKSENOV.CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL-3-8. Traces: (SE/SAG/OP routinely uses the following sources in tracing: Soviet GICS, Soviet travel, IP Main Index, OCR and SE/SAG/OP branch index. These traces should not be construed as being extensive or complete and any recipients of this report with an active interest in any of the subjects should run full traces of their own.)A. There are no Headquarters traces on Anatoliy Aleksandrovich AKSENOV (para 7).*AKSENOV, Anatoliy AleksandrovichSEX: MPOB: USSRCIT: USSROCC: KGB officerLOC: USSR, MinskKnown to Soviet emigre 201-0948382.B. There are no Headquarters traces on Vladimir SHUMRIKOV (para 7).*SHUMRIKOV, VladimirSEX: MDOB: ca 39POB: USSRCIT: USSROCC: chief of operativnikiLOC: USSR, MinskKnown to Soviet emigre 201-0948382.Chief of operativniki, Minsk Institute of Foreign Languages.C. There are no Headquarters traces on Yevgeniy SURGATOV (para 7).*SURGATOV, YevgeniySEX: MPOB: USSRCIT: USSROCC: KGB officerLOC: USSR, MinskKnown to Soviet emigre 201-0948382.CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL- 4 -Victor F. ZiminSE/SAG/OPSE/SAG/OP:Isabelle H. Domes:rl (7 September 1977)Distribution:✓Orig - IP/AN/SE (please classify into 201-0948382 and index indicated names in para 8)1 - C/SE/SAG, C/SE/10, SE/USSR1 - SE/RR1 - SE/CI/11 - SE/CI, Attn. Joe Flaherty1 - SE/SAG/OP chronoCONFIDENTIAL201-948382
[104-10181-10154.pdf — page 10]
SECRETSX-3159017 Jun 77MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORDSUBJECT: Selection and Recruitment of KGB Officers, Agents and Informers in the Belorussian SSRSOURCE: (201-0948382), a foreign-language student from Minsk who worked in numerous jobs throughout the USSR. Born in 1949, he emigrated in 1976. Neither his bona fides nor his reporting reliability has been establishedDATE OF INFORMATION: 1972-1976DATE OF INTERVIEW: 26-28 April 19771. Source obtained most of the information in this report from Anatoliy Aleksandrovich AKSENOV, a KGB senior lieutenant who was in charge of the KGB unit in the Yubileynaya Hotel in Minsk, and from friends and classmates who are now KGB and militia officers.2. Source's curiosity about the selection and recruitment of KGB personnel was aroused when AKSENOV told him that he was considering the recruitment of Source as a KGB informant. Source asked AKSENOV who is selected and for what reasons. AKSENOV replied that the KGB usually uses spotters, who recommend people for recruitment. Background is important. A person from a peasant or worker's family is considered a better choice, and he must either be a quiet and colorless type who blends into the circle of people in which he operates, or else a conspicuous loudmouth who asks embarrassing questions. The latter would be more likely suspect of being a member of the opposition rather than a KGB informant. The average informant, according to AKSENOV, is not very bright because KGB officers themselves are not particularly intelligent and are afraid of anyone who is smarter than they. Source says that he was never recruited.3. Both Source and AKSENOV think that in the remote areas of the USSR there are very few cases of such a recruitment pitch being turned down. Far from the big cities the KGB is an all-powerful instrument, and anyone who refuses just to report on the conversations of his friends in the name of patriotism will end up with dismal career prospects unless he has friends in high places. However, it is unlikely that such a person would be chosen for a KGB recruitment pitch in the first place. Therefore most of the lower levels of the KGB consist of people from simple backgrounds for whom there are no other career prospects and who prefer this kind of service to being in the Army.4. The KGB officers in the Belorussian SSR are also those who are not bright enough to make a career in some other field, such as science, engineering, or foreign languages, but they differ from the lower-level cadres in that they are the sons of high-ranking
[104-10181-10154.pdf — page 12]
SECRET9.  The spotter is supposed to turn in a list of potential recruits and write a recommendation for each person. The prospective agent or informer is then called in and an offer to cooperate with the KGB is made. Source never heard anything about money being mentioned, but the KGB does offer help in the advancement of one's career. The initial assignments are very simple: The agent or informer just has to keep his eyes and ears open and to report anything that smacks of anti-government or illegal activity. Who can refuse such a call to patriotic vigilance? And if one does, he might well be classified as an enemy of the state and end up doing the lowliest physical labor rather than enjoying a promising career.10. AKSENOV also told Source that the KGB usually opens a file on a Soviet citizen who corresponds with anyone abroad. After this, his telephone conversations are monitored and periodically recorded. And finally, KGB agents and informers who come into contact with him will be asked to report on him.11. Source once asked AKSENOV what the KGB would consider its greatest accomplishment. AKSENOV replied that the discovery of a secret agent (nelegal) would be first on the list, followed by the discovery of an illegal printing press. Without printed matter a revolution cannot take place, according to AKSENOV. Third on the list is the discovery of the illegal possession of a rifled weapon, such as a rifte or pistol. This last item would not be considered particularly important in itself, but a KGB officer can do very well for himself if he plays his cards right. He must time the discovery of the illegal weapon with a public event involving the visit of an important Party or government dignitary. Thus, in the eyes of his superiors, his discovery is tantamount to thwarting an assassination attempt. Any one of the three accomplishments would lead to automatic promotion, a medal, and tenure for life in the KGB.12. Traces: (SE/SAG/OP routinely uses the following sources in tracing: Soviet GICS, Soviet travel, IP Main Index, OCR and SE/SAG/OP branch index. These traces should not be construed as being extensive or complete and any recipients of this report with an active interest in any of the subjects should run full traces of their own.)There are no Headquarters traces on Anatoliy Aleksandrovich AKSENOV (para 1).*AKSENOV, Anatoliy AleksandrovichSEX: MPOB: USSRCIT: USSROCC: KGB officialLOC: USSR. MinskKnown to Soviet emigre 201-0948382. In charge of KGB unit in Yubileynaya Hotel in Minsk.SE/SAG/OP: Isabelle H. Domes: ekSECRETVictor F. ZiminSE/SAG/OP
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SECRET-4-Distribution:Orig - IP/A (please classify into 201-0948382 and index indicated name in para 12)1 - C/SE/SAG, C/SE/10, SE/USSR1 - SE/RR1 - SE/CI/I1 - SE/SAG/OP chrono201-948382SECRET
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CONFIDENTIAL2 June 1977MEMORANDUM FOR: SE/BIO, Attn. Craig. SchnabelSUBJECT: Photos for Photo File1. Attached are photos on four Soviets, provided by a Soviet emigre.2. KOROBOCHKIN, Leonid Ivanovich. DOB ca 43, probably in Minsk, USSR. OCC truck driver. LOC USSR, Belorussian SSR, Minsk REF SX-31465, 12 May 77, 201-0948382.3. MIKHEDO, Anatolly. DOB 48, Minsk, Belorussian SSR. Graduate of French Department, Minsk State Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages. OCC tourist guide. LOC USSR,. Belorussian SSR, Minsk. REF SX-31465, 12 May 77, 201-0948382.4. TETEKHIN, Sergey. DOB 49, Borisov, USSR. Graduate of French Department, Minsk State Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages. OCC French-Russian translator. LOC USSR, Belorussian SSR, Minsk. REF SX-31465, 12 May 77, 201-0948382.5. AKSENOV, Anatoliy Aleksandrovich. DOB 48, Minsk, Belorussian SSR. Graduate of French Department, Minsk State Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages. OCC KGB 11eutenant. LOC USSR, Belorussian SSR, Minsk. REF SX-31466, 12 May 77, 201-0948382.Patty NelsonSE/SAG/OPAttachment:Envelope with photographssDistribution:Orig SE/BIO, w/att.1 SE/SAG/OP chrono, w/o att.1 SE/SAG/OP (UZLOV/201-0948382), w/o att.CONFIDENTIAL
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SECRETSX-3153323 May 1977MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORDSUBJECT: Keeping of Large Sums of Money in the Soviet UnionSOURCE: (201-0948382), a foreign-language student from Minsk who worked in numerous jobs throughout the USSR. Born in 1949, he emigrated in 1976. Neither his bona fides nor his reporting reliability has been established.DATE OF INFORMATION: 1972-76DATE OF INTERVIEW: 26-28 April 19771. Unless you have iron-clad proof that you got the money legally, the balance of your account in any one savings bank (sberkassa) should not exceed a thousand rubles. Each savings bank has a militia representative who reports suspiciously large accounts to the OBKhSS (Department for Combatting the Embezzlement of Socialist Property and Speculation) of the militia for investigation. Source got this information from a militia lieutenant who was an OBKhSS officer in his rayon.2. Since savings banks do not have a centralized accounting system, another way of keeping large amounts of money is to have accounts in several banks, as long as none of them exceeds the thousand-ruble limit.3. One of the best ways of keeping money when traveling, or even at home, is in the form of an *akkreditiv* (a personalized cashier's check). An *akkreditiv* can be bought at any bank or savings institution and can be cashed anywhere at any time but only by the person to whom it is made out and only on presentation of an internal passport. Without the passport, the *akkreditiv* cannot be cashed, thereby making it a safer form of keeping money than currency.4. If money is to be kept at home, it is somewhat less suspicious to have it in the form of three-percent government loan bonds *(trekhprotsentnyy zaem)*. These are not personalized and can be cashed at any time at a small discount. They also have the advantage of a prize that can be won at one of the periodic drawings based on their numbers.SE/SAG/OP: Isabelle H. Domes:ekDistribution:*Orig* - IP/AN (pls classify into 201-0948382)1 - C/SE/SAG, C/SE/IO, SE/USSR1 - SE/RR 1-SE/SAG/OP chronoVictor F. ZiminSE/SAG/OP23 May 1977201-948382SECRET