Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
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T. S.The decision on this is not up to me. I will appreciate opportunity to discuss it with you.My point of view is that ALL of this current PIQUICK stuff is premature and a case of a lot of hungry actors smelling easy money and wanting to get into the act and get the show on the road.We have no budget for PDQUICK for this period - and literally are living on borrowed funds. We can't make up a budget because we have no accounting from the field, do not know where we stand.Here are some other questions in my mind:What wore the publicity accomplishments of the relatively expensive NY office?What happened to the Berlin news coverage by US correspondents?What happened to the bright and sanguinary forecasts of tremendous amounts of publicity, special magazine articles, radio broadcasts, etc. which were to emanate from the attendance at the Congress of Messrs. Montgomery and Conant a little matter which cost the US about two thousand pieces of lettuce ? (It seems clear that their attendance was absolutely worthless otherwise.)What happened to their efforts to obtain delegates from the Middle East?Why did Lasky proceed with a dozen last minute invitations to innocuous persons (these were supposed to be 'a few' and to extremely important people) including several wives.A cablegram was sent urging that a press conference be arranged for Franz Mehring? Did it take place?.There were no photographs of the book displays. This book display was an expensive item. Did it take place?Now with all these questions in my mind, adding up to a realisation that if the Congress was a success, it was only a. success as far as it went, and it has a long way to go to completely justify itself - the next steps NOT being spending a lot of dough for the support of deserving intellectuals who have no other source of thoore, but in getting a distribution of a million pieces of literature, and other publicity, in Satellite areas - I would hesitate (which is a euphemism for blankly object) to blandly appropriating an extra ten thousand bucks to support an innocuous group of Russian exiles who want to air their grievances, NOT under our control.IG
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FulePOQUICK20 July 1950MEMORANDUM FOR: CXX 3SUBJECT: 229-CTDU, Special Report on PIQUICKUlmer and Iroller have discussed the attached paper and are agreed as follows:a. We think that in the preparation of the paper, Joselson was acting as a reporter rather than fundamentally expressing his own ideas.b. In our opinion, the whole scheme, as described in the special report, is much too grandioso, ambitious and cumbersome.c. We agree that the Congress should continue in existence but we do not think that it has to have any legal establishment.d. We see the functioning of a continuing organisation as providing the basis for future Congress meetings, providing members with a focus of interest, providing a logical source of information, propaganda, publications, and publicity, and as a cover for certain Fs operations.e. We think the organisation of the Congress could follow the outline in paragraph 4 of the Reference down to, and including, the General Secretary, with the addition of an Executive Assistant, a stenographer, and a typist, and elimination of the rest of the suggested personnel.f. We think it advisable that the Congress have one office, possibly, though not necessarily, in Paris, and that its other "offices" (which in actuality need be little more than letter drops) would require no personnel and no administrative machinery except arrangements for the forwarding of mail. Any other sporadic use to be made of such offices, such as localized
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- 2 -press releases, for instance, could be accomplished through a resident center of either the Executive Committee or the International Committee.g. We think that it need not cost more than $23,000 for the next year to maintain the Congress organization, pay for administration, traveling expenses, including the salaries of personnel, which would assume a General Secretary who would be an agent. (This latter concept may not be absolutely necessary; but if not, then provision should be made for OFC contact some other way.) In addition to the $25,000, specified above, there should be an allotment of $50,000 for the holding of the next Congress. Another $25,000 should be added for special purposes largely connected with publicity. The major part of the expenditures for the next year for collection, printing, and dissemination of Congress material and which could conceivably amount to as much as $250,000 as a top figure, would be provided, it is hoped, by PCA funds.h. The activities mentioned in Part II of subject report could very well be handled under the setup outlined above with certain exceptions which seem to be too broad in scope to be justified at all.GERALD ROLLERLOUIS GLASEREncl.Special ReportRE 3/10/farcc: GlaserDrollerChrono
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Attachment to 220-C# SPECIAL REPORT: Situation and Perspectives.## I ORGANIZATION1.  At the conclusion of the Berlin sessions of the CONGRESS FOR CULTURAL FREEDOM, the basis for continuing work was created by the appointment of several committees. Some confusion and uncertainty reigned at this period; these need to be clarified. The following is suggested:    a. Honorary Chairman: Letters will go out this week to the five philosophers -- Croce, Dewey, Maritain, Jaspers, and Russell -- requesting them to honor the CONGRESS by continuing to serve with the permanent commission.    b. Sponsors: A great many distinguished men in the field of art and science had given their support to the Berlin Congress, although they were unable to come. Their names would be most useful in the Congress' continuing activities. If, as seems only appropriate, the final International Committee of 25 should consist only of "active members", then some of the nominations originally included should be transferred by the working Executive Committee to this special list of Sponsors. These (before the Congress) included -- and permission here will also be requested -- Andre Gide, Ralph Bunche (important, for no Negro was nominated in Berlin), Carl Zuckmayer, Salvador de Madariaga...... among many others.    c. International Committee of 25: At the Berlin sessions the following were nominated -- (1) Ignazio Silone; (2) David Rousset;    (3) Arthur Koestler; (4) Carlo schmid; (5) Irving Brown; (6) Julian Amery; (7) Haakon Lie; (8) James Burnham; (9) Sidney Hook; (10) Nicolas Nabokow; (11) Eugen Kogon; (12) Theodor Plievier; (13) Herbert Read; (14) Denis de Rougemont; (15) Lionello Venturi; (16) Boris Nikolaevsky; (17) Karol Kurka;    (18) Josef Czapski; (19) Margarete Buber-Neumann; (20) Andre Philip..... These were all present and are confirmed. The following were nominated and still have to be informed, and confirmed; (21) Richard Crossman; (22) Francois Mauriac; (23) Pablo Casals (for the "Sponsors"); (24) Thornton Wilder; (25) Oskar Pollak; and (26) Salvador de Madariaga ("Sponsor?").    d. Executive Committee of 5: This consists of the first five named above -- Silone, Housset, Koestler, Brown, and Schmid (who has definitely accepted, and thus taken the place of Kogon).2. It was decided to hold the first meeting of the CONGRESS Executive Committee during the first week in September in Paris. It will probably be desirable to hold several informal meetings before then in order to work out the outline and details of a functioning CONGRESS plan.
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3. Urgent problem facin; the CONGRESS by September is the woricing out of a legal or constitutional basis of the permanent CONGRESS organization. Who are *"mamborn"*? !low is the International Committee to be maintained; how are additions, substractions, changes in this and the Frocutive Committee to be made? who invites to the next Congress, and who votos"? number of proposals should be considered before a finel Momorandum is presented. This should be done in conjunction with the man who will probably be Ceneral- Secretary and/or Frecutive Director of the CONDRESS.4. It is supposted that the original title be kept and made permanent - namely, CONGRESS FOR CULTURAL FRANDOL/KONGRESS FUER KULTURILE FRIFEIT/ CONGRESS POUR LA LIBERTE DE LA GALTURK. The use of the word *"CONGRESS"* in such connootion has its parallel both with the CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations) in the UA, and with the Congress Party in india.5. A rovisional plan for the organization of the CONGRESS should be worked out, less in the expectation that it will be immediately set up than in the hope that within the next six months it can be more and more realized. The following sketch is submitted:CONGRESS FOR CULTUREL FREEDOMHonorary Chairman SponsorsInternational Committee of 23xecutive Committee or. 5GeneralSecretary| Executive Director     | Editorial Director || ---------------------- | ------------------ || Paris Bureau Director  |                    || Rerearch Director      |                    || Forlin Bureau Director |                    || Ехос. Agent.           |                    || Edit. Asent.           |                    || Research ssnt.         |                    || Stenographer           |                    || Translator             |                    || Typist                 |                    |In the light of this table of organization, several provisional appointments could be mado in order to get CONOR activitios working immediatoly, e.g. appointment of Frau Buber-oumann as oxecutive of the borlin bureaus appoint- ment of Francois Bondy as Editorial Director; appointment of somebody like Richard Loewenthal en Research Pirector. The urgencies will become clearer below.
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-3-II ACTIVITIES1. Publications Project: the immediate editing of a volume on the founding Berlin CONGRESS. Most of the material is already available in three languages: French, English, and German. This will be completed in the next month by the transitional CONGRESS Bureau in Berlin. Herbert Luthin is assisting in putting out the special double number of "Der Monat" on the Congress, which may be a kind of "experimental model". Francois Bondy is returning to work out a table of contents and an editorial approach to the Congress volume.2. Pamphlet Project: the immediate preparation and publication in many languages of a simple straight forward brochure (12-24) pages on "What is the Congress for Cultural Freedom?" It should be illustrated; should tell the story of the Berlin sessions; should print the Manifesto of Intellectual Liberty (and possibly a revised improved Message to the East); should outline a plan of Congress work to be followed and point to the future. This is essential for CONGRESS sympathizers, for the press, for the public in general. The Editorial Director (Bondy) can be assigned to prepare a draft for revision and approval in September.3. Investigation Project: the first of a series of White Book reports on the situation of cultural freedom. Silone has recommended, and the CONGRESS has announced, a documented account of the writer, artist, and scientist in the countries behind the Iron Curtain (an account which the UNESCO, because of its governmental connections, cannot do). An immediate beginning should be made with the appointment of a Research Chief for this project, responsible for working out an editorial plan, contacting sources for information; this project chief should have the sociological and journalistic qualifications of men like Lowenthal and Bohnen (and Peter de Habelsohn).4. Protest Project: the CONGRESS should, with the specific signatures of its leading supporters, keep in the forefront of public attention by taking up via the press, open meetings, debates, etc., cases of flagrant violations of the principles of the CONGRESS as stated in the Manifesto and other documents. The CONGRESS cannot, to be sure, become an international civil-liberties union, but it can speak out on special issues (purge of a University, liquidation of a scientist, arrest of a writer, etc.).5. Break-away Project: the CONGRESS should by means both of information and agitation keep alive the difference between those who are choosing freedom and those who are willingly or unknowingly supporting totalitarianism and its deceptions. The dramatic defection of Prof. Alfred Weber during the Congress Berlin session from the Soviet-controlled Academy of Science is an example of what can be done; this specific German movement is gathering strength; there have been another half-dozen resignations, and the news in spreading in Eastern Germany. This has also involved the world-famous
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- 4 -Charito hospital in Eastern Berlin, almost 3/4 of the distinguished medical specialists are ready to break away, and we are now hoping to reach some constructive arrangement by which they can maintain themselves in West Berlin. This type of activity - ranging from welcoming prominent individuals from the East, to sheltering groups and institutions, and beginning with initial private contact - can transform the CONGRESS from a group of spokesmen for the libertarian ideal into "activists for freedom".6. Radio-Broadcasting Project: Inaugurating a special series of radio programs to be prepared by the CONGRESS. Liaison should be established with RI, the Free Europe network, the French, Austrian, German and British stations, including the Voice of America. Plans have been started for the first series - namely, "Dialogues across the Curtain"; a dozen 'open-letters' - Koestler to Seghers and Froant, other to Rechner, Eisler, Lumos, Lysenko, Tarle, Ehrenburg, et. al. - personalized messages of five minutes (less in hateful opposition, more in open-hearted pity). This would be a practical follow-up to the CONGRESS message to the East". These could be published in various newspapers; later in small book-form.7. Annual Prize-Award Project: the CONGRESS should award each year a number of CONGRESS prizes to various personalities for distinctive services and contributions to the cause of Cultural Freedom. This could be given on the basis of a new book, a career, or some special activities. Two types can be distinguished: the Nobel-Prize model, and the University Stipend. The latter could enable the recipient (an American, a Frenchman) to spend four weeks in Berlin, giving a series of 5 CONGRESS lectures at the Free University, later to be printed as a special CONGRESS volume. (This is equally true of an English recipient at Heidelberg, a German at the New School in N.Y.C., a Frenchman at the London School of Economics, etc.)8. Publishing-House Project: This could be a modestly-conceived annex to the CONGRESS Berlin-Bureau, which would actually bring out the CONGRESS volumes (indicated above). It would also publish the pamphlets and brochures mentioned. It would consider the popular cultural-political library (the Birkenfeld proposal). It could be the house to which "Der Monat" would go, if and when this monthly becomes completely independent. It would gradually build up its own list of authors from among prominent CONGRESS writers (Koestler, et. al.). The Publishing-House could be started from the existing transitional CONGRESS bureau now functioning in Berlin; the Bureau-Director, or the Executive Assistant, could be charged with the responsibilities of a normal international Publisher in Germany (incorporation as a G.m.b.H., and the like).9. News-Letter Project: Immediate plans for a fortnightly communication to all CONGRESS sympathizers, the press, etc. should be started, completed. A 2-4 page mimeographed information-bulletin will keep alive CONGRESS interest.
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### III SOME LARGE CCIE LONG-RANGE PROFOCALS1. Film Proposal: a series of causes documentary film, possibly produced in connection with other organizations. Suggestion for a first film: a full-length feature on World-Communism, a script for which (The Hammer & The Sickle") has been outlined by W.J. Tucky and Stuart Schulberg (one of the leading U.S. documentary-makers, who would most probably be available in Europe for it. These could have normal camerucal distribution, special schools, and universities distribution.2. Lecture Tour Proposals: building up a circuit throughout western-Europe, the United States, and elsewhere, for political and cultural CONGRESS speakers.3. Research-Institute Proposal: this could be a normal and logical outgrowth of the first CONGRESS research activities. It would mean the establishment of a "Chatham House" on an international basis for serious studies of the cultural-political problems of our day. Scholars and journalists, on the basis of specific assignments and awards, could be associated with CONGRESS activities. This would be linked with the Paris and Berlin bureaus of the CONGRESS, with such international reviews as are affiliated with the CONGRESS (Der Monat", etc.), and with the CONGRESS publishing House.4. University Proposal: a centre for Eastern exile professor and students, either in the form of an independent academic institution (the Czapeki resolution) - or perhaps in the more practical form of scholarships for the exiled students, and university chairs for the scholars - both is existing European and American academic institutions (Berlin Free University, Sorbonne, Zurich, Oxford, Cambridge, Harvard, etc.).5. School-for-Freedom Proposal: the organization, at first on a very modest summer-school-type basis, of a "George Orwell School for Freedom" (Hochschule fuer Freiheit), in which special courses and seminars in the political and cultural problems of our day could be given. Students could be invited land thus give the youth some measure of intellectual training): leading publicists and officials could participate. This could be associated with the Research Institute (one researchers become to chers and participant in the School Sessions), and with the University Project. "Congress cadres" could be developed here.6. Proposal for Other National Bureaus: expanding into other European capital cities--Stockholm for Scandinavia, Vienna for the Balkans, Rome for the Mediterranean, New York and Havana for North and South America. It will, in any case, probably become imperative to establish a sub-bureau in New York City for the next period, so that American public opinion is not neglected.
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17 July 1950MEMORANDUM FOR MESSRS. LINDSAYBAKERSUBJECT: Berlin Congress of intellectuals (Congress for Cultural Freedom).1. Thank you for obtaining the attached copy of General Magruder's estimate of the above mentioned operation which I note was given in a memorandum of transmittal to Secretary Johnson. I have furnished a copy of this estimate to Mr. Joyce who I understand will show it to certain significant people in the State Department.2. I think that all persons concerned with this operation are entitled to the heartiest congratulations and if you have not already done so, I should appreciate your passing on the substance of General Magruder's appraisal to the field. I am sending a copy of this memorandum to Mr. Thompson, who I assume will pass on the word to the members of his staff who played a role in this operation.260/wF.G.W.FCW:lgwAtt:TS 142664Distribution:#1 - EE & ΕΞ-3#2 - SP#3 & 4 - III/RE![stamp of CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY CLASSIFICATION Secret]
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# SECRETCPYMEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARYSUBJECT: Congress for Cultural Freedom - an OPC organised accomplishment.This is an Operational Report of an actual accomplishment. It is a subtle covert operation carried out on the highest intellectual level. It is unconventional warfare at its best in which the objectives are men's minds. It is the opening operation of a continuing campaign.The origin and purposes are stated in Section I. The details in organising a delicate operation of this nature are only hinted in this report, but enough is expressed to arouse admiration for the principal operatives.The report is already too condensed for briefing. I urgently recomand that you scan the whole of it.John Magruder![handwritten note secret for jones]Saries O
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COPY12 July 1950MEMORANDUM FOR: M.McC. Bumstead, Stribling, and RagedaleFROM: Charles OlmsteadSUBJECT: Confidential Report Received By Schiller on Berlin Congress for Cultural Freedom1. When Mr. Stribling's shop requested me, at the behest of a cable request of Mr. Hambley, to attempt to appease Schiller in connection with his indignation for the manner in which Max Yergin, the American Negro, had been handled in Berlin, Schiller reacted in the manner described in my earlier memorandum on this subject, which was on the whole satisfactory. He has since received a complete report from a reliable and competent observer at the Berlin Congress which I am quoting below:"On the whole, the Congress has achieved some useful results. In my opinion, the best thing about the Congress was that it was held in Berlin. A Congress in Paris, in Switzerland or in any other place would have had neither the same political significance nor would it have received the same publicity. For the Berliners, the fact that Berlin was chosen as the meeting place was renewed proof of Western solidarity with their resistance against the Russians. They need such proof again and again, especially in view of the fact that they have a definite and justified impression that the Bonn Government is not inclined to manifest any particular favor as far as help for the Berlin population is concerned."The Congress, moreover, has been a success Inasmuch as it showed the determination of an important group of intellectuals, scholars, and artiststo leave no longer unchallenged Communist attempts to dominate the scene through their various "cultural" front organisations. The permanent machinery established by the Congress for the purpose of continuing its work may be of great importance provided that certain conditions are observed in its activities."The following critical remarks regarding certain phases and features of the work of the Congress should not be construed as an attempt to deny the fact that the Congress has achieved a useful purpose. Nor is this criticism made from a perfectionist point of view. However, while it is admitted that in a gathering of artists, scholars, and writers, many of whom tend to display prima-donna attitudes and a spirit of coterie, a certain amount of friction is inevitable, it cannot be said that everything was done to reduce such frictions to a minimum. As a result, many delegates whom I had an opportunity to ask for their impressions of the Congress, left Berlin with mixed feelings, some of them not without a certain amount of disappointment.SECRET