Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
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# 20 Feb-52## Security InormationReport no: 741-150 Local File No:Distribution:By copy to: 3-Rech3-Files1-EbSource Cryptonym: ABIVAINTSource, Operational Data, and Comments:References: TRL-1036 TRL-1/18, TRL-1480## CommentsThe fact that the Communist Party of Cuba would take the measures described in the attached report is not considered surprising. It can be seen from a study of Embassy dispatches and from our past reports on this subject, the PSP is finding itself in an increasingly worse position, politically, financially, and psychologically. The greatest strength of the PSP comes from ignorant laborers who are, by US standards, at least, exploited.It is only logical, therefore, that communist strength remains, at present, in the field where Marxist ideology has always been used to the best advantage; that of the ignorant workers. It is probable that the PSP, as a political party, will no longer carry the weight and respect it has in the past, at least until economic conditions in Cuba grow much worse, or until the present East-West tension diminishes considerably. Until recently, two possible solutions to the POP's present predicament lay in its uniting with the Ortodoxo Party or with the PAU. Concerning the Ortodoxo Party it is known that the leftist groups within that party (Vicentina, FLADA, RAKICHIK and others) are militating for a phone with the communists (See copy of memorandum from E. T. CRAIN to the Ambassador, dated January 28, 1952, copy of which is attached), but, so far, have been checked by the anti-communist elements within the Ortodoxo Party. Until recently, conservative anti-BATISTA elements in Cuba stated with conviction that BATISTA would join with the communists in a selfish attempt to gain the Presidency. However, BATISTA, in two articles appearing in (December 2 and 13, 1951, closed the door on rumors of this kind by stating that only way the POP and the PLU could unite would be if the PSP would publicly state that, in case of an international conflict, the FSP would aide with the United Nations, and against Russia. An interesting sequel to this statement, and possibly connected with it, was a leaflet distributed in the streets of Habana in early January entitled, "To the Workers of the PAU and to the People of Cuba", signed by Cbdullo AMEZ VELIZ (Payari), leader of Hloqua Obrero del PAU, which is known for its leftist and pro-communist sympathies. In the leaflet, AMEZ VELIZ claimed that BATISTA had tried to destroy him and expell him from the Bloque Chrero, purportedly, because NUNEZ had tried to defend the interest of the working classes end of the Bloque Chrero within the FAV, a real and decided opposition line to the government, and is determined that a united oppositionist front be formed to defend.
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From: Habana, CubaReport No: TTT-1510 Local File No:10-25Distribution:By copy to:Orally to:Source Crypto:References:Source, Operational Data, and Comments:2 -the government in the next elections". The pamphlet went on to say that "the action of BATISTA is a direct aid to the very government we are fighting, a government which uses the fascist system to destroy the leaders of the workers by putting gangsters and thieves at the hand of the syndicates, attacking the union halls and serving the ends of the exploiting, vagranton and oppressing and pursuing the true workers".It is felt that the value of the attached information is primarily to point out a possible new force in the Cuban political scene, composed of labor groups, within the PAU and the Ortodoxo Party, who are dissatisfied with their own rational party leadership and who can and probably will join with similar groups in the PSP in an attempt to get power for themselves.Classification
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# CONFIDENTIALSubject: Recent Communist Advances within the Anti-Government Labor MovementReport No: TR-1520Place Acquired: Havana, CubaDate of Information: February 13, 1952Evaluation: C-3Date Acquired: February 13, 1952Source: Controlled AmericanDate of Report: February 20, 19521. The two main centers of communist penetration and sympathy in the Cuban syndical movement are found in the *Bloque Obrero del Partido Accion Unitaria* and in the *Confederacion Obrera Ortodoxa of the Partido del Pueblo Cubano (Ortodoxo)*. These groups have shown dislike for anti-communist labor leaders who have tried to join them despite the fact that these labor leaders are well-known for their honesty, ability and good intentions in furthering the labor movement in Cuba. In the past few months, and more particularly within the past few weeks, the collaboration between those groups and the *Partido Socialista Popular* syndical elements has become so close that it has alarmed the anti-communist *Confederacion de Trabajadores de Cuba*.COMMENT: As has been previously reported, the present political, as well as financial condition of the Cuban Communist Party is extremely serious. It would appear that the stigma of a past with the communists is sure political death for other political parties in the coming elections of June 1952. This has forced the PSP into an isolated position from which there does not appear to be any escape through aligning itself with another political party.2. The communists have been and are now carrying on a campaign in these syndicates to penetrate and undermine the anti-government labor factions in an effort to gain control of those groups at a later date. This campaign was waged in three stages.a. The first stage was the communists' penetration of the anti-communist syndicates, paying up their union dues and using their voice and vote in the union meetings to propose and elect their candidates for committee positions.b. The second stage was to sow seeds of doubt among the members of those groups in joining with any of the anti-communist labor federations or with the government CTO by accusing the CTO leaders of having sold themselves out to the employers and to the government which are depicted as the enemies of the laboring class.c. The communists have always tried to exploit the anti-government feeling in these labor groups particularly within the *Bloque Obrero del PAU* in an effort to destroy the anti-communist labor leaders in the various syndicates.Classification![stamp]
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Report No: TKH-1510Date Folruary 20, 19526. The third stage, which cores to be going on now, is the ever Increasing   number of rapprochments between the Crtdoro and FAU labor leaders and the comm-   ists. This is the result of ad S (above), and is porhaps histoned by the   strong wrcurrent of discntiseren with the FRIO regico combined ed with their   desire to rote this rogime out of power in the forthcoming elections.3. As an exple of the cucosas of this camata, source, supplies the following.   In the Sintients Provincial do Cmeros de la Gemi de la Habaza, oleotions for   a now emcutive committee were held J 17,1952. The anti-communist   citeate led by Romdouwen by were than 100 votes receiving 352 1003 12   all. Esvover, the Criadoro calates within the silento, suported   comanists and members of the Dieque Chrero del Fav, obtained 247 votes.In the Sindicato Textilero Co San Antento de les Fares, elections were also heldreocally, Again, the Cetodoms, ocists, and readers of the PAD unitedagainst the anti-communist candidates. In this dise, the anti-oc-munist candidatesבנא only 16 votes, the anti-commista obtaining and the opposition otaining 125 votes.4. In the Stratcats do Obreros y Empleados de Cruellas, S. A., the leadership is   hold the Crisdoms, Entlio-and Up until recently,   leaders were in apathy with the anti-cost CTC. However, they have   recently par paraitted the entry o entry of commandets into their syndicate-vithout   then to pay in their eir backeduca. These leaders baie alto to boom friendly with   this communist loader, angeles, who is ab ber of the PSP: Execu cutive Comittee   of the Corso district, and ti other commitate, ca EGA and   who goes by the name "Traga-niqual."COMMENT:No have no traces on Angel Os is so does not appear as adologato to the buna FSP ha PSP Metal Assembly from the Carro district.Those communists and the two Ortolero lectors of the Crurollas Sindicato areeftca seen together in the Club Canindo which is opposite the Crusalles plaat.At it the present, thes, there is a goi deal of of labor wrest in this plent beesusothe owners are attempting to reduce the labor force. Com of the workers areproposing that that the syndicate ate Join with the forement CTC co that the latterbody will take action and prevent them a lestag their jobs. In answer tthis, the Ortodoxo leaders in the plant are swing that the Crusellas workersvill have to solve this problem by themselves as the government CTC is only thetool of the employers and of Fall who has sold out to the big industrialistThe workers are tired, donorallend end discharged and are saying, "And was tقلطthe reason the commintate ware erolled from the Crop It was a thousand timesbatteries Lazaro EA" Adastro, to join any group which might help thoa latheir present plight - including the commists to now becoming stronger.
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Report No: TOL1510Date: February 20, 1952SOURCE COMMENT: Tho owners of the Crusellas plant are in the process of reducing the labor force by 50-60% and hope to maintain the same production rate as before. The dismissed workers will be transferred to a new plant in the process of construction where the detergent, "FAB", is to be manufactured. The workers are discouraged because they claim that the work performed in the Crusellas plant requires all of the present labor force and the company should hire additional men to work in the FAB plant. The attempt of the Crusellas owners to reduce the labor force in this manner is against standing labor laws of the country, but the Crusellas syndicate led by the Ortodox labor leaders who are being advised by their communist friends, is taking advantage of the present situation in furthering their own interests.
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# Attachment to TH-1210## CONFIDENTIALSECURITY INFORMATIONMEMORANDUMJanuary 28, 1952To: The AmbassadorFrom: E.T. CrainSubject: Dr. Portell Vila warns Embassy that Ortodoro left-wingers are trying to bring Communists into the party.Dr. Portell Vila called today at the Embassy and, during the course of the conversation spoke of his grave preoccupation regarding the efforts of Ortodoro left-wingers to bring Communists into the party.He stated that Pardo Llada, Eduardo Corona, Vicentina Antuna, Max Lesnik and others were trying to get communists into the Ortodoro party. He said that, specifically, they were trying to get the notorious Communist, Salvador Garcia Aguero, not only into the Ortodoro party but to run as an Ortodoro candidate for senator. He said that a group of Ortodoro approached him on the matter to learn his views and he told then he would resist such a move with all his strength.Portell Vila said he considered the matter so urgent that he at once wrote an article entitled "Timbre-Ministerial" which he was going to try to get into *El Mundo* of January 29 instead of Wednesday the 30th which is the day of the week when his column usually appears. He said this would be an extension of his article published January 20 in *El Mundo*.I told Portell Vila that while the Embassy maintained a strict neutral attitude in the matter of Cuban politics, it would have a very deep interest in anything pertaining to the Communists when we considered an enemy common to all free countries and free national political parties. I congratulated him on his efforts to keep Communists out of his own Ortodoro party and wished him every success in this undertaking. I said I assumed that if the party announced notorious Communists as Ortodoro candidates for office that the party would presumably lose a lot of support from persons who did not wish to be associated with Communists. I added that I hoped my assumption was not mere wishful thinking. He stated that it was definitely not wishful thinking. He stated that it was definitely not wishful thinking and that is exactly what would happen. He said that he would nevertheless oppose the efforts of Pardo Llada and company with all the strength at his command, regardless of whether an association with Communists won or lost votes for the Ortodoxo party.
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CONFIDENTIALSECUTITA RTOPMATICH- 2 -Dr. Forte Tile indicated that ho would try to keep me inferred of devolopments when the top party in so far as they related to the Corsuni. I tanked him, roiterating that my cole interest in the Eatter ves the came threat of Communion to all free nations and particularly Ceerumist success or failure in infiltrating into desecretic political parties.ETCrains opCONFIDENTIALTICN97
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14-00000From: Habana, CaNo. of pages: -5-Report Made By: Ja S. Gatsby/ajaDistribution:By copy to: Wash 3File 122 JAN 51CONFIDENTIALReport No: TM-1365 Local Pile No: 30-2493No. of Enclosures: NoneApproved By: George M. Soperville GnrOrally to:No other distribution.Source Cryptonym: Amlikar.References: ID-972; TJM-1266Source, Operational Data, and Comments:CONTENTSOur TJM-1266 tried to answer as fully as possible ID-979 but it was realized that time that more complete information on the Juventud Socialista would be appreciated by Headquarters. Amlikar, therefore, was requested to supply us with information which we felt ambivalent had not supplied previously. The attached report confirms partial information previously supplied by ambivalent and supplies additional information of interest.![index stamp]Classification.![crossed from redaction stamp]IID COPYCONFIDENTIAL19-4-5-1FILE IN 201-209258
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CONFIDENTIALSubject: Further Information on the Juventud Socialista.Report No. 21-1365.Place Acquired: Habana, Cuba.Date of Information: 2 Jan 51.Evaluation: F-3.Date Acquired: 4 Jan 51.Source: Controlled American.Date of Report: 22 Jan 51.1. The PSP (Partido Socialista Popular Cuban Comunist Party) high command maintains continued interest to a very large degree in the Juventud Socialista organization. One of the principal tasks of the communist party is to maintain the direction of a strong communist youth movement which will respond only to the ideological foundation of the communist party. In the PSP: the most insistent voice of this communist principle is that of BLAS ROCK who takes a personal interest in the direction of the Juventud Socialista and constantly watches over its activities through trusted lieutenants. Many of the present leaders of the PSP were formerly leaders of the Juventud Comu- nista, the former Juventud Socialista. Men of this type are Severo AGUERE, Agger SUAREZ, and Osvaldo SANCHEZ, prominent PSP member in Camagüey Province. On its own part, the Juventud Socialista maintains a close liaison with the National Executive Committee of the PSP through its leader, Flavio BRAVO, who attends the weekly meetings of the National Committee.2. The caliber of the Juventud Socialista direction is high. Its leaders are militant communists and many members of the Juventud Socialista National, and Provincial Committees have been political candidates for various government offices in past elections. Second to Flavió BRAVO in the leadership of the group is Luis ARTIN; both of these men were political candidates in recent elections and have attended various con- ferences abroad. Other leaders of note are: Lionel Soro, President of the School of Philosophy, Habana University; Bienvenigo and his wife, Yolanda LOPEZ PEREZ; Federico Rita and Georgina VILAR, all cildren of the well-known communist leader César VILAR, who were educated in Russia; Julio ACHADO; Bientenido Suarez, RedALDES VIVO; Ramón CALCINES, Juventud Socialista member from Las Villas Province; Fidel DOMENECH of Oriente Province; and PAEZ (fnu) of the printing section of the Juventud Socialista. Other youth leaders not members of the Juventud Socialista but closely tied up with their activities are: Alfredo GUEVARA; Enrique OVARES; Aramis ABOADA, ax SHICK of the Ortodoxo Perty, and Humberto L. ACADO, Pesicen of the Juventud of the PAU (Partido Acción Unitaria and Director of the newspaper, Vancuanila Unitaria.-1-CONEDENTIALTOO COPY19-4-5-11
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CONFIDENTIAL Report No: TH-1365.Date 22 January 1951.3. The structure of the Juventud Socialista is like that of the PSP. It has committees in all the districts (barrios) of the City of Habana and in the larger cities of the interior. Up until now the Juventud Socialista has not had, according to source, clandestine leaders to take the place of the present overt leaders in case the party is outlawed, nor does it now have these clandestine leasers. However, source feels that there are many secondary and less well-krom leaders within the Juventud. Socialista who would be able to assure the direction of of a clandestine communist puth organization if the PSP decided such an organizatio should be set up. Source supplies the following cares ares a a possibie clandestine lenders of such an organization, Juli ACHADO, responsasie juvenile (youth representative) of the C (Confederació de Trabajadores de Cuba) (Communis )(Communist) a few years agoj Bienvenido SUAREZ, is the responsable Juvenil" of the CTC (Corrawist) at presentr Federico, Rita, and Georgina VILAR; Walterio CARBOIELL, lav school student, Hasana University; and Hector/CARBOL, communist youth leader at the Ariguanabo textile plant, in Eauta, Habana Province.4. The PRIO Administrative's anti-communist attitude over the past six ronthains not visibly affected unfavorably the unity of the Juventuä Socialista, according to source. Source gives as a reason for this the fact that the ranks of the Juventud Socialista are composed of proven con:unist militant youths. Source claims he nous of only one case of defection from the Juventud Socialista ranks, that of a youth named ElioXCAPESTANY, Juventud Socialista leader in the Escuela de Artes y Oficios, who has joined the Juventud del PAU.Comment: As is well known, in other communist parties under similar circumstances and as we have previously re- ported, sone communists have been instructed to in filtrate other political parties. It is difficult to understand how source can conclude positively that the CAPESTALY case was one of defection from the Juventud Socialista.5. It is true, however, that the PSP has examined very carefully- the ranks of the Juventud Socialista Dor signs of bourgeois weakness. The barrio committees of the PSP established simi lar committees of the Juventud Socialista with the purpose
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Report No: TH-1365.Date 22 January 1951.in mind of gaining new members for the party as a whole. The methods by which they tried to attract new members for the.... Juventud Socialista were made up of sewing clubs for girls, English classes, parlor cames, and, from time to time, dances. This method had good results és far as getting the youth to draw closer to the Juventud Gocialista; however, racial feel-ing zilitated against the complete success of this method for anywhite girls found that they were expected to nix and dance with negroes, which was against their personalcon-victions. As a result of this racial prejudice, the majority of netro girls among the Juventud Socialista ranks is noticeable. The PSP has now managed to purify the ranks of the Juventud..... Socialista in preparation for a harder life ahead. The former sewing cireles, paflor ganes, and dances have disappeared and in their lace entertaiment less conducive to stirring up racial prejudice, such as excursions into the country, etc., are taking place. Today, the Juventud Socialista rants can hore or less be colunted nted upon to act inca united fashion for the good be PSP and to follow the orders of their leaders.6. Although there are no official figures on the membership of the Juventud Socialista, source: uses as a yardstick the fact that on one occasion Flavio BRAVO stated that there were more thân 15,000 socialist youths in the nation and that of these more than 10,000 were in the City of Cabana. Sourae believes that there is probably an overlar betieen a member of the Juventud Socialista who is of voting age and also affiliates with the PSP Gering elections. Talking into account this duplication of membership, source believes that the 15,000 figure is correct,7. The present activities of the Juventud Socialista are listed as, follows:A. The cost important job of the Juventud Socialista is its support of the peace partisans rovement. Tais consists of street demonstrations, making signs for various parades, collecting signatures, etc.B. The Juventui Socialista constant tries to maintain good relations with other politel youth organizations, such as the Juventud del PAU, of the Ortodoxos, and of the Autén-ticas libres. The Juventud Socialista also tries to influence
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Report No: TICH-A-1365.CONFIDENTIAL Date : 22 January 1951.and keep friends with the FEC (Federación Estudiantil Uni-versitaria) of Habana University, the Casonic youth inom the AJP, are various schools, and universities throughout the island.They carried out certain demonstrations or propaganda in support of the communist "Plan Cubano contra la Crisis" and the "Conferencia en Defensa de la cononia Nacional,"8. In a national committee meeting of the PSP in June 1950 the directors of the party recommended that the Juventud Socialista spend its energy on the following assignments:A. To work through peasant associations or organize such associations where they did not exist in an effort to gét such groups to support the partisans of peace movement.B. Make similar efforts among the necross, intelligentsia, factories, schools, etc.C. To explain to these masses that the USS is standing for peace along with the popular a cocracies and China and to demonstrate that the imperialist US stands for war.D. Unite the peasants to the fight of the working-class nove-hent against the PRIO Goverrient and imperialism. The Juventud Socialista should understand that the cost important task of all is to perpetuate and further the partisans of peace movement.9. Recent activities of the Juventud Socialista have been concerned with objections to the U's entering into the Korean problem and the printing and distributio of their new teer-age maga-zine, Cascabel. The Juventud Socialista has participated in the cast and now participates in worker activities, distribut-ing manifestoes, attending paraces, etc. Sonetires they have fought with the Lovimiento, Juvenil de la CT6 (Government) or with clements of the Acción Revolucionaria Guiteras (ARG) in certain parades of to protect their propaganda signs, etc.10. Flavio PAVO in his position as leader of the Juventud Socialista maintains constant contact with ith youth leaders of the Ortodoxos, Pal, Auténticos Libres, AJI, various student leaders, and protestant religious youth groups. Apart from this, sourceCONFIDENTEL