Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 57]
# RESTRICTD SECPLLY INFORIL.TION## ATTACH. B## PROVISICIAL GUIDE NO. 1### July 17, 1952## CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY ASSISTANCE JINDER ESCAPEE POGRAN1.  The Mutual Security Act of 1951 provides the basic legislativo authority for the Escapco Fregran and thus establishes the elementary criteria fer extending assistance.Section 101 (a)(1) of that Act authorizes the expenditure of a sua not to axceed $100,000,000 "for any selected persons who are residing in er escaphos from the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Albania, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonin, er the Communist dominated or Comunist occupied areas of Cormany and Austria, and any other countries absorbed by the Soviet Union either to fom such persons into olarents e the military forces supporting the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or for other purposes, when it is similarly dotermined by the tresidont that such assistance will contribute to the corease of the North Atlantic area and to the security of the United States!".2.  Officials carrying out this program she old not become involved in complex, time-consuming procedures in dotermining priority for assistance. It is expected that a positive approach toward priority will be taken and that criteria will insan a simple and broad as is consistent with U.S. interests. It follows that and should be given inmediately to persons who apparently meet the pri Pity criteria outlined celom and should be withdrawn only if reasonablo evidence is brought forward which indicates that the person does not meet these criteria,3.  The intent and purpose of the program is to aid new escapces fro communist oppression. Whatever the merits of aiding persons who wore displaced before, during, or soon after World War II, such aid is not normally a proper concern of this program. Hcreover, quite apart from any other considerations, the program does not have sufficient funds to assist many parsans other than those who have recenti escajed from benind the Iron Curtain. In the foregoing perspective, the following criteria will be utilized by the luissans in according priority for assistance.4.  Friority for assistance in resettlement and for supplementary care will bo granted any person who escapod after Junuary 1, 1940 from the WSR, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Runania, Bulgaria or Albania.5.  within the bread sonfines of the above, there will be certain persons whos the United States cbviowly will not desire to assist and there will to others whose status in their country of residence after flight is such that they possess the rights and obligations of nationality of tho country in mich they have taken asylwi.RESTRICTED SECURITY INFORMATIONATH2 TO FECCA GLVOO
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 58]
RESTRICTET SECURITY INFORTIONFROVIDIONAL QUIDE NO. I (cont)CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY ASSISTANCE UNDER ESC.FEE FROOK.MAssistance will thus be denied to or withdrawn from any person who:A. Is a Communist agent.B. Is a former Nazi or Nazi collaborator seeking to escape just punishment for crimes committed during World war II against Allied personnel or against civil populations.C. Is a common criminal.D. Has unreasonably refused resettlement opportunities.E. Is recognized by the competent authorities of the country in which he resides as having the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of citizenship of that country e.g. German refugees and expellees, persons of Turkish ethnic origin from Rumania and Bulgaria are excluded from assistance under this paragraph.F. Has been satisfactorily settled locally.6. Assistance will be extended, however, to these persons otherwise eligible under the provisions of this circular who defect from diplomatic, other official or semi-official missions or delegations while abroad in the service of their country.7. Missions are authorized to make individual exceptions, regardless of dateline, when such exceptions are in the interest of the U.S. or when such exceptions are requested by other U.S. Government agencies operating in related fields. When requested exceptions are not favorably considered by the Country Unit they must be referred to the Special Unit prior to final action.8. A family group containing a person or persons who would not ordinarily be assisted due to nationality, e.g. Polish escapees and Austrian spouse and who are otherwise eligible should be considered eligible as a unit.9. Basic responsibility for determination of eligibility will rest with the Local Units. However, it is expected that they will devise ways and means of utilizing local facilities and officials to a maximum extent in order to assist the Local Unit in discharging this responsibility. In the event the local unit requires further assistance in reaching an eligibility decision, the Special. Unit may be called upon by the Local Unit for information or advice.RESTRICTED
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 59]
# RESTRICTED - SECUR.TY INFORMATION## ADDENDUMTo## PROVISIONAL GUIDE NC. 1CRITERIA FOR FRIGRITY ASSISTALEZ UIDER ESCAFES PROGRAMText of tele-conference received from Dopartnont July 14, 1952 in amplification of criteria cutlined under Provisional Guide #ls"PEP Program is concerned with escapoos from Soviot or Soviet doniarted areas. In view fact FEP Funds aro limited and because of legislative history of progran priority or proferunco must be given to coro rocent escapees such as those who escaped after January 1, 1940. Dociaions as to application of fund must also be based on results which can be achieved in terms of basic objectives of program. In other words we are not distributing a limited roliof fund equally anong a designated number of peoplo. Ko aro more concerned with those who have oseaped mere recently than those who have been in the rofugoo state since World War I or those who wore uprooted botween Soptorbor 1939 and January 1, 1943. The date January 1, 1948 is an administrative device which should not to rigidly applied unless later exhaustion of funds increasingly requires this action. of equal concern to HEP are the results which can be achieved in terms of reestablishment, resettlomant, better morale, etc., as botwoon ona prejoot and another. We should sook self-liquidating, non-repetitive uses for FEP funds, avoid to the extent possiblo acceptance of responsibilities which cannot readily be relinquished. As exparience develops wu shall cake the foregoing more selective
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 60]
RESTRICTEDAmendment No. 1toProvisional Guide No. 1. (Cost)CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY ASSISTANCE UNDER ESCAPE PROGRAMSub paragraph E of unnumbered paragraph following paragraph fiveof Provisional Guide No. 1 is amended to read:"E. Is recognized by the competent authorities of the country inwhich he resides or other country outside of the area ofSoviet domination as having the rights and obligations whichare attached to the possession or citizenship of that countrye.g. German refugees and expellees, persons of Turkish ethnicorigin from Rumania and Bulgaria are excluded from assistanceunder this paragraph."
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 61]
# SECRET ATTACH A 108...::: oser: ::,hter and constant canegemont...;: 48 against the present ayatoa of hende-off•-:-0.3:::::as:cio cocause of regulations? If theae 110 power to change the regulations, and is it......tran :. :. changed within the context of overall ÜSEP policy?Sr: involving itself or its staff in the actual impleconta-tion of projects or in voluntary agency operations, CSEP maintaine acuntimiing scrutiny and review of every project and contract into whichit has entered. Information developed by field officere in the courseof this review is passed to the Chief of the Escapee Fregras Divisionconcerned, who evaluates the caterial and discusses it, when appropri-ato, with the local agency director. Subsequent to this evaluationand discussion with the agency, the material is forwarded to CFCEPwhich makes a second analysis and, if indicated, dias 11ththe agonoy's European Director. There is no policy of hands-off unt!!the end-audit is made. End-use-audito are an integral part of thereview of projects in order to determine whether or not the supeand services are reaching the escapeso.In the light of the preceding paragraph, the latter part of the010question becomes academic, however, COMPflexible and can be adapted to any situati warrating a catiof procedures.2. Questioni that is theintertua estt.sent" if   a man   an is warning a distinctly outmarginal exist   unhealthy and unhappy existence, a ta a. 4.   elut thu   calle the shots on this, USEP or the agen 100Local cottlement is not proditatel o.... Cactero.Rather, sucal settlement depende a variety ong ubtain-ing in the case of a particular faalis. ratora: cat, neces-sity, be given to the jobs of the irinig.. wago-earners to Moterainowhether or not they are raing a petina: are at suitableto their desires, background and al.ly to their wages : doterminowhether or not their earnings are sufficient to meet the apolo of theirfamilys to their housing 1) Coleraine : : : adeguate, and other fac-tore hior, suot be considered in connection with a fealiyo fira into-gration into the local city, including its own attitude towardsuch integration. It is not the policy of CSEP to place a man or afently in an ineligible or active it as a locally nettied case ifho is earning a distinctly autsarginal existence. The decision oflocal settlement de aade by the Chief of the Kucapes Progre Divisionconcerned and only after a care: analysis: the situation obtainingin each particular case. Coally the Division Chief's decision iebased upon the recomandation of the volentary agency an analyzed andovaluated by SEP officere in the wold.Chocopies3. Questions   ...
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 62]
# SECRET........: var:: .ary agenciesCertag : : 18 4:00 :. ... ... . ninated to an appre-::... .xed principally in case of two agenciesin Germany 08.ing the Set נסה Tolstoy Youndation and:::Decoatera a meeting of ine to agencies with the Chief,Escapes Program Division,USONG. At this meeting the Tolstoy Foundationwas given principal responsibility for all cases which have a rosettle-ment potential. APRP was given all cases which had limited or no-resettlement potential and must, of necessity, be settled locally inthe German economy. The supplementary care and maintenance was dividedafter a thorough discussion with each agency by autual agreement. Thisaction resulted in establishing a caseload in Germany of 79 cases con-sioting of some 100 people for TP, and 102 cases with approximately200 people for AFRF. How registrants by oitnor agency will be referredto Escapes Program field representatives (in Germany, Munich) for acheck against current card files. After a dossier has been fullydovaloped on the case, a determination as to the appropriate agencywill be made according to the case's rosettlement potential.4. Onenttons What are the criteria for accepting a Suries cap. a.   a relief recipient and what office or regulatione determine casThere is enclosed the basto proviciunal guide concerning eli6101-lity, together with subsequent clarificatiune legu the floid onthe Joviste. This is the criteria under which aparat to exter101,and declared eligible fur, Program assistance.adapted from a general policy issued by the .. Department of Itato.Within the frazovurk of these sogulations, the Lacaos Program conductoa security investigation which establishes a man's .igibility free asecurity point of view. Simultaneously the man is course.tel in anoffort to deteruine his heade from a tological and naThe results of these investigations determine the course of activaupon which the Escapes Program procesis. .cover, in the cajority ofcases, humanitarian assistance is extended dia.. pending itecomplete codurity investigation, or unti: material sufficiently doruga-tory to deny eligibility ia discovered. (Attentica should to directedto paragraph ? of the eligibility guide, which enatics CSE to conferoligibility on any individual or individuale of interest to other 3.9.agencies, regardless of normal eligibility critorie.)5. Quantions What is the source of the policy which caintains that   thore Lust be a leaning-over-backvard so evoid the risk of any political   implication in applying the USEP program?JESHETThe Sacapae ...
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 63]
# SECRET-3-The Escapee Program was originally outlined in CEPCIRTEL 676, January 29, 1952 (Top Secret) which indicated that the Program would be undertaken through contracts with voluntary agencies to provide certain supplies and services to escapees of recent date. Inasmuch as the largest and most important voluntary agencies operating in Europe are of religious nature and endeavor to stay clear of undertakings which have political implications, it was determined that the Escapee Program would suppress to the extent possible the political nature of its operations in order to secure and maintain the "good will" and cooperation of these agencies. In our relationship, however, with certain agencies of ethnic character e.g. APER - American Fund for Czechoslovak Refugees, especially when those agencies are directed by individuals in whom USEP has complete confidence, little, if any, action has been taken to suppress or disguise USEP political implications. There is, however, a tendency on the part of USEP officials to suppress political implications of the Program in their arrangements with several agencies due to their lack of confidence in the leadership of these agencies. Mrs. Schaufuss, Tolstoy Foundation; Sheba Hodgkins, American Friends of Russian Freedom; Magruder/Brandeis Organization for Rehabilitation through Training; Ann Matson - International Rescue Committee; and Michael Radyk/United Ukrainian American Relief Committee; are examples of Directors in whom USEP has little confidence. This lack of confidence arises from the fact that those personalities apparently have their own axes to grind. USEP has revealed, however, and will continue to reveal to a limited extent, the political nature of the Escapee Program to certain selected persons in the voluntary agencies who are subject to the necessary degree of direction, and in whom confidence may be maintained. This course of action is motivated primarily by the fact that political overtones of the Program cannot be wholly hidden from an intelligent person, yet it is not in the Program's best interest to advise officially the religious bodies of the political aspects. Although the major religious agencies undoubtedly are aware of the political aspects of the Program, they choose to ignore them so long as they are not involved directly into any political operations, and so long as they are not advised officially of them.6. Question: Are there any means through which assistance to deserving members of TZOPE (already on the caseloads) can be "speeded up"USEP'officials throughout the area are continually endeavoring to speed up Program benefits to the ultimate recipients. This is applicable to the entire caseload of all agencies and has not in the past been predicated upon membership in any organization which may or may not be of interest to U.S. Government agencies. In this way, USEP endeavors to extend Program benefits to all those eligible without focusing unnecessary attention upon individual members of a particular organization of interest to agencies of the U.S. Government.
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 64]
# SECRETofficials have no way of determining whether an escapee is or is not a member of TZOPZ. However, if CAS desires to furnish USEP with a list of TZOPZ membership, CFC will request the USEP Divisions in each country to confer eligibility on the individuals listed and to pay particular attention that such individuals may receive personal attention in the future.7. Question: Is there any possibility of eliminating Tolstoy and APRF altogether and doing this job through another agency or agencies?In consideration of this question, USEP has reluctantly decided that it would not be possible to eliminate Tolstoy Foundation, since Tolstoy is an old, established agency with a name known and respected within certain émigré circles. It may be possible, however, for CAS to undertake the elimination, although CAS relationships with TF and its Board of Directors are unknown to this office. Since APRF is a relatively new organization, and the character of its European leadership is much more undesirable than that of Tolstoy, it is conceivable that APRF could be eliminated from the Russian field considerably easier than Tolstoy. Moreover, as the Chairman of the Board of the APRF is a retired U.S. Admiral, he would probably be inclined to go along with the wishes of Government officials if it could be shown that the elimination of APRF was in the best interest of the U.S. Government. However, the elimination of ethnic type agencies in this respect would, perhaps, compel the Escapee Program to enter into relationships with a religious agency, e.g., the WCC, in their stead and the successful resolution of the Soviet problem would become automatically much more difficult.8. Question: How does an agency qualify for a USEP contract? What are the requirements for qualification?USEP currently has contractual arrangements with 22 voluntary societies representing the major religious bodies (i.e. Catholics, Jews, and Protestants) and the major ethnic groups represented in the population of the United States of America. To qualify for a USEP contract the agency, if it is wholly American in composition and incorporated under the laws of one of the 48 States, or the District of Columbia, must be accredited by what was known as the Department of State's Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid, and which is now a part of FCl. The Executive Director of this Committee is Mr. William H. McCahon, who is also a staff member in the Office of the Assistant Director for Refugees and Migration, FOA. In addition to those agencies which have been incorporated in the U.S., USEP also enters into relationships with other organizations which are international in character and composition -- such as the World Council of Churches, the WorldORT...
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 65]
# SECRETCI: Eaton, the World N, and the Lutheran World Federation. Without exception, these agencies have strong and reputable American affiliates which are accredited and recognised by the Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid. In the case of VCC, the American affiliate is the National Council of the Churches of Christ, whose welfare organisation is the Church World Service; it is accredited by the Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid and is a member in good standing of the American Council of Voluntary Agencies for Foreign Service, Incorporated. The specific requirements for qualification are not now available; however, it is believed that to do qualified for accreditation by the Advisory Committee, an agency must be supported by voluntary subscriptions, and humanitarian in character. It is believed that agencies wholly political are not eligible.9. Question: What is the status of the proposal to form a Russian Labor company which we understand has been approved in Washington?General agreement on the formation by USARSUR of a Labor Service Cal: comprised of Soviet escapees has been reached by US BUCOM and USARSUR. This project now only awaits final approval from the Department of Army as to certain details. (It is understood that the Army has already agreed to the proposal in principal.) It is anticipated that the project will be implemented in the near future.The Unit, which will be assigned a guard mission, will comprise initially 100 officers and men. In addition, one man to act as staff advisor to USAREUR on matters affecting the Unit will probably be recruited. This position should have a field grade of perhaps a Lieutenant Colonel. The personnel ceiling of 100 may be raised to 200 should it appear desirable in the light of experience. In order to avoid the appearance of supporting Great Russian or minority national aspirations, the shoulder flash for members of the company would bear the name "ROSSISKIY" or Russian People, rather than "RUSSKIY" or Russians.In the course of a recent discussion between representatives of CAS, U.S. BUCOM, and this office concerning this proposal, general agreement was reached on the following points:a) Leadership in the company should be recruited from the more recent Soviet escapees or defectors, rather than from the older "émigré" group;b) Efforts should be made to recruit the maximum possible number from the escapees registered with USSP; andc) The TZOPE group should be strongly represented in the company.10. Question ...
[104-10171-10138.pdf — page 66]
# SECRET10. Question: Have any steps been taken to get the Clemency Board of HICOG to pardon Soviet escapees sentenced for minor offenses committed in an attempt to survive, thus clearing their records? Do you want us to make any pitch on this?In the past, petitions for clemency have only been presented to the Clemency Board of HICOG when a person was under active consideration for resettlement. The Clemency Board has usually acted swiftly with the best interest of the individual and of the U.S. Government in mind. Recently, however, steps were taken to initiate petitions for clemency on all cases of the types mentioned in Question 10. It is too early at the present time to foresee the result of this operation. However, it is believed that it is not yet necessary for CAS to approach the appropriate officials on this point.11. Question: Is the USEP policy to reduce the numbers who can be helped under the Program? If true, what are the reasons for this policy which appears on the surface to be a step backward from solving the problem?It is not the USEP policy to reduce the numbers who can be helped under the Escapee Program. As a matter of fact, the USEP caseload has continued to increase despite the fact that over 6,000 have been resettled, and many have been dropped for various reasons, including ineligibility, local integration, and death. It is true that the primary purpose of the Program is to resettle eligibles abroad, and to integrate locally those whose resettlement potential is low. This action, of and in itself, does tend to reduce the number of persons who can be subsequently helped under the Program. It is also the policy of the Program to create an atmosphere in which other programs which depend to a certain extent upon the psychological attitude existing in émigré circles can operate successfully. In furthering this particular objective, the Program has recently taken action to declare as eligible those persons who, although having records as minor criminals, are of interest to U.S. agencies, and have broadened the basis to accept any Soviet citizen as eligible if he has in any way been under discipline of the Soviet Government since January 1, 1945.12. Question: What has the Escapee Program accomplished for Soviet escapees?USEP's assistance to escapees is based primarily upon the needs of each individual registered with the Program. Those needs are determined through a counseling program under which the voluntary agencies cooperating with USEP are supposed to send case workers to the field to interview each escapee family to determine their particular needs, background, problems, experience, ambitions, and general situation. Based upon this interview the agency is supposed to develop a specific plan ...