Francesco/who-killed-jfk huggingface dataset:
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 127]
IN 00388TDCSDB-315/02404-67PAGE 2 OF 4 PAGES*S-E-C-R-E-T* NO FOREIGN DISSEM/CONTROLLED DISSEMLEARNED THE LESSONS OF HAITIAN HISTORY. PRESIDENT ESTIMEAND PRESIDENT PAUL MAGLOIRE WERE OVETHROWN BY THEIRCLOSE ASSOCIATES. DUVALIER HIMSELF WAS IN THEFOREFRONT OF THOSE CONSPIRACIES AND KNOWS FROMPERSONAL EXPERIENCE THE MOTIVATION OF THE PLOTTERS.WHEN HE GETS RID OF MILITARY MEN OR CIVILIANS FROMTIME TO TIME EVEN THOUGH THEY HELPED HIM GAIN POWER,IT IS BECAUSE AS CHIEF OF STATE HE IS FULLY AWARE OFTHE REALITIES OF HAITIAN POLITICS. CLEMARD JOSEPHCHARLES, WHO GAINED MUCH OF WHAT HE HAS UNDER MAGLOIRE,WAS AMONG THOSE WHO FINANCED DUVALIER'S CAMPAIGN.IT IS ONLY LOGICAL THAT DUVALIER WOULD RESENT THATFACT. FURTHERMORE, SINCE CHARLES IS ACTUALLY ACANDIDATE FOR THE PRESIDENCY AND MANEUVERINGAGAINST DUVALIER, DUVALIER WILL DISCOVER SOME "EVIDENCE"LINKING CHARLES WITH THE NINETEEN EXECUTED OFFICERS.2. IT IS ALSO TRUE THAT CHARLES WAS NOT REALLY   AN ASSOCIATE OF DUVALIER'S. HE WAS REALLY NOTHING   MORE THAN AN EMPLOYEE. IT WAS NOT BECAUSE OF HIS   PRETTY EYES THAT DUVALIER MADE CHARLES THE CONTROLLER*S-E-C-R-E-T* NO FOREIGN DISSEM/CONTROLLED DISSEM
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 128]
IN 00388TDCC DB-315/02404-67PAGE 3 OF 4 PAGES*S-E-C-R-E-T**(classification)*NO FOREIGN DISSEM/CONTROLLED DISSEM*(dissem controls)*OF A NUMBER OF GOVERNMENT MONOPOLIES. DUVALIERARRANGED THIS FOR HIS OWN PURPOSES. HE NEEDED TO HAVEA BANK TO RECEIVE NON-FISCAL DEPOSITS FROM WHICH HECOULD MAKE WITHDRAWALS AS HE WISHED. OUT OF THIS ALSOGREW ANOTHER REASON WHY DUVALIER IS ANGRY AT CHARLES.WHEN THE NON-FISCAL ACCOUNTS IN THE COMMERCIAL BANK RANDRY, THE BANK ADVANCED THE GOVERNMENT MONEY AGAINST BONDS.CHARLES USED THESE BONDS IN HIS FINANCIAL MANIPULATIONSAND THEY FELL INTO THE HANDS OF FOREIGN SPECULATORS WHOARE NOW DEMANDING PAYMENT.3. PLOTS SUCH AS CHARLES WAS ENGAGED IN WILL   NOT SUCCEED. DUVALIER HAS SO ORGANIZED THE GOVERNMENT   THAT THE OLD WAYS OF OVERTHROWING A REGIME ARE DENIED   TO CONSPIRATORS. HE IS NOT INVULNERABLE BUT ONLY BY   ASSASSINATION WILL HE BE REMOVED. HIS GOVERNMENT IS   BASED ON TERROR AND INTIMIDATION. THE BOLD STROKE IS   HIS STRENGTH. HE EXECUTED THE NINETEEN OFFICERS IN ORDER   TO STRIKE THE POPULAR IMAGINATION AND CREATE A PSYCHOSIS   OF FEAR. HE MEANS IT WHEN HE SAYS THAT HE ADMIRES LENIN,   NKRUMAH, MAO, LUMUMBA, ETC. THE DANGER IN HISS-E-C-R-E-T NO FOREIGN DISSEM/CONTROLLED DISSEM
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 129]
*S-E-C-R-E-T*(classification) NO FOREIGN DISSEM (dissem controls)RECEIVED RID/MIS JUN 30 10 43 AM '67IN 00388TDCSDB-315/02404-67PAGE 4 OF 4 PAGESREGIME LIES IN ITS DRIFT TO THE LEFT. PROFESSORS LIKE RENE PIQUION AND ULYSSES PIERRE-LOUIS, TWO CLOSE DISCIPLES OF DUVALIER, ARE PREACHING TO THEIR STUDENTS A RACIST, LEFTIST, PHILOSOPHY. IT IS TIME THAT THE AMERICANS REALIZE THIS AND TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION AGAINST THE HAITIAN CALIGULA.4. FIELD DISSEM: STATE, ARMY, CINCLANT, CINCSO. (ALSO SENT SANTO DOMINGO)REPORT CLASS SECRET/ NO FOREIGN DISSEM/ CONTROLLED DISSEMSECRET
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 130]
NO INDEX# SECRET*   NO. 201-357029CLASSIFIED MESSAGE*   RT. TO BRANCH FILE*   SIG. Reid PERSON/UNIT NOTIFIED*   TOTAL COPIES 21REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED*   UNIT*   TIME*   BY*   ADVANCE COPY*   RID COPY*   ISSUED*   SLOTTED*   TUBED*   FILE VR, 1//COG 8, F1, F1/INT 2, Cl, C1/OPSSECRET 281420Z CITE PORT AU PRINCE 4517PRIORITY DIRECTOR INFO SANTO DOMINGO, JMWAVEREF: DIRECTOR 142791. STATION AGREES CHARLES LIFE IN IMMINENT DANGER DUE HIS PLOTTING AND AMBITIONS. BELIEVE.CHARLES PLACING HOPES ON AMERICAN FINANCIAL ASSOCIATES AND U.S. GOVERNMENT TO SAVE HIM IN CASE HE IS ARRESTED. AMERICAN FLAG NOW FLYING DAILY OVER CENTRAL OFFICE OF COMMERCIAL BANK.2. UNFORTUNATELY RACHFIELD CONFINED TO HOME FOR ONE WEEK DUE CIRCULATORY DISTURBANCE AND CHUBB HAS NO ACCESS. WILL ARRANGE EVLEMON-E WHO LIVES FAIRLY CLOSE TO MAKE PERIODIC NEIGHBORHOOD CHECK. DAILY DRIVE-BY PAST CHARLES HOUSE REVEALED NOTHING ABNORMAL MORNINGS 26 AND 27 JUNE. ALSO WILL ASK EMBASSY JUNIOR OFFICER TENANTS OF ANOTHER CHARLES HOUSE TO LOOK IN ON HIM.3. LEGISLATIVE SESSION AFTERNOON 26 JUNEPROMULGATED STIFF OMNIBUS LAW ON "DESERTION" WHICH COULD EASILY BE USED BY DUVALIER MAKE ARREST AND SEC.28 JUN 67 IN 0040129 JUNE 67201-357029
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 131]
SECRETPAGE 2 PORTAUSPRING 4517 SECRETEXECUTION CHARLES LEGALSECRETSECRET![NA] JAN 23 68| VAL-FVC | WOEX || ------- | ---- || 52      |      || VA      | LI   |
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 133]
SECRLI SUNSITIVENY-556-6722 June 1967Director, Domestic Contact ServiceFOR: OBSChief, New York OfficsCase 47,540 - Clemard Joseph Charles of Haiti1. Please forward attached letter of Haitian banker Clemard   Joseph Charles to Mrs. Dorothy Matlack, Department of Defense. In   his letter Charles asks the Department of Dafenes to support hin   against Fresident Duvalier.2. Bra. Natlack asked Louts A. Brun, President, BB Inter-   national Corp., MIC, to have letter forvarded to her by "Major"   Balog.Jackson R. HortonBalog ighAttadzent: asSECRETBFJ ChiefH FITTCGfauluded triomatidowngrad
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 134]
SECRETDirector, Domestic Contact ServiceATTN : CSS (Musulin) - Infor International Div. (Alyca)Chief, New York OfficeCase #7,540NY-577-6727 June 19671.  The attached paper describing the present political situation in Haiti was written by Louis A. Brun, President, B&B International Inc., MNC, before the arrest of Haitian banker Clemard Joseph Charles.2.  Brux asked "Major" Balog to forward a copy to Dorothy Matlack, DOB. He will furnish a copy to Col. Burris, the one-time military aid to President Johnson.Jackson R. BortonJIBalog:ighAttachments: (2)SECRETSENSITIVE
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 135]
Lovis A. BrewPresidentB & B Ink CNY.c20 June 67The following is my humble appraisal of the political situation now prevailing in Haiti.As 1 repeatedly stated to anyone who may have asked me, my motivations are purely patriotic while I am also moved by a sincere desire to see Haiti emerge as a democratic independent nation friendly to the United States.Since I left Haiti with my family ten years ago to later become an American citizen, I have made several trips to Haiti and have maintained close contacts with people in all walks of life both in Haiti and with those who were forced out of the country for political reasons or otherwise.My latest visit to Haiti took place on June 5th of this year and I stayed two days in Port-au-Prince. Although the purpose of my trips were mostly business I also had the opportunity to discuss the Haitian political situation with politicians, as well as with average Haitian citizens concerned with the situation. My personal conclusions are as follows:The fact is that the Duvalier regime is, at present, in a state of internal political confusion in which no one directly or indirectly connected with it can predict the outcome. There is strong evidence showing that his son-in-law, Colonel Max Dominique, has in fact tried to overthrow Duvalier in order to personally assume the direction of Haiti's political affairs. How Duvalier became aware of Colonel Dominique's intentions is the question everybody is trying to find the answer to. Nevertheless, Duvalier rounded up the alledged associates of Colonel Dominique and, after a mock court martial accusing and convincing 19 young army officers of treason they were all killed by a firing squad on June 8, 1967 at Fort Dimanche on the outskirts of Port-au-Prince. Duvalier himself was present at the slaughter and he ordered Col. Dominique to be a member of the firing squad. Non-confirmed information from usually rollable sources...
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 136]
-2-indicates that several other persons, low ranking military personnel,militia men and civilians were also executed or similar charges, withoutfanfare. It is also the general concensus of opinion that the "purge"will continue at a rate that no one can yet determine.No one ignores that there has been and still are very hostile feelingsbetween two groups within the President's family and close associates.One is headed by Colonel Dominique and his wife Marie-Denise Duvalier,and another is led by Mrs. Yvon St.Victor, the President's private se-cretary and confidante. The names of the President's wife, Simone, hisson Jean-Claude and his younger daughter Simone, are being mentioned asbeing part of the first group. In the second group, Mrs. St.Victor'sbrother, the present Head of the Department of Tourism, Mr. Luc-AlbertFoucard, who is also married to one of the President's daughter, is amongother names such as Henri Siclait, head of the Regie, Minister LebertJn.Pierre, etc. mentioned to be siding with Mrs. St Victor. So far, thePresident has shown signs that he favors the latter group. The ramifica-tions of both groups extend to people who were considered the most fanaticsupporters of Duvalier himself. The fact is that none of the remainingso-called strong men of Duvalier in the militia, the Tonton Macoutes orthe Army know for sure how the president feels towards them and are verymuch concerned about their own future and survival. In other words,confusion and insecurity are wide spread amongst Duvalier's followers.I believe that in spite of the actual confusion and sense of insecurityprevailing in government circles, there is no real organized oppositionis such against Duvalier at this moment, except for what I will point outlater in this paper.There is, however, strong anti-Duvalier feelings in the middle andupper classes of Haiti, representing only a small percentage of the wholepopulation. A segment of the population to be taken into very seriousconsideration is the one made up of the people living in the slum áreas,Some as three lahener southers, all well-knows communistsspathizers, is also un indication of te subtle chift coverce &...
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 137]
- 4 -radically leftist oriented Government. If allowed time, Duvalier may well succeed to turn the country into a now communist satcllite and work out some agreements with communist countries. Here again, we should not fail to mention the new exchange of diplomatic representations between Haiti and some communist countries. The most significant one is the new appointment in Haiti of an Ambassador from Poland with whom, I was told, Duvalier is closely working with.Taking everything into consideration:1. The non existence of any organized opposition in Haiti;2. The state of non cohesiveness and distrust amongst the exiled political elements abroad, therefore nullifying any positive action from outside Haiti;3. The fear of local politicians that, if outside forces were to come in, their safety and security would be very much at stake, therefore they should resist such intervention and do whatever is necessary to prevent it at all cost;4. The fear of Duvalier's so-called followers that they may be eliminated upon mere suspicion, just or unjust denonciations;5. The middle and upper classes sentiment that the U.3. is not working as it should to bring about the downfall of Duvalier and that the U.S. is even supporting the regime intentionally or unintentionally by not encouraging or allowing the opposition to organize itself;6. The interpretation of the above classes which are at a loss to understand the silence of the U.S. press in general for not having raised the usuel indignation about the recent mass killings, therefore making room for the belief of a possible collusion by means of money or otherwise of Duvalier with said press, particularly the New York Times, to refrain from bringing these facts to the attention of international public opinion;7. The strong belief that compromises have been worked out with President Balaguer in the Dominican Republic to return to Haiti all opponents of Duvalier who had fled there,   all this leads to believe t. Duvalier will hold in power for quite a while more.
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 138]
-5-It would be childish, however, to formulate an opinion only on the basis of the mentioned facts, although on the surface, they appear logical enough to confirm these conclusions.I am convenced in my own mind, that when some politicians close to Duvalier will feel that their lives are in real danger, some of them will successfully attempt to eliminate him even though they may not be, themselves, in a position to control the chaotic situation that will ne- cessarily follow. This is where the real danger is. If any such un- planned action was allowed to take place, the U.S. will then find itself with a real "hot potato", requiring such drastic action similar to those takin in 1965 during the recent crisis in the Dominican Republic. Such actions are not to be desired, not only because they are costly to the American taxpayers, but because they inevitably provoke strong anti- American feelings based on the opinion that the U.S. did nothing to help bring about the collapse, but is merely there to impose its choice and decisions against the will of the people. If the U.S. is to wait for the OAS to decide on joint action in the eventuality of chaos, we are afraid that communist influence and even control of the situation by forces based in Cuba and other countries, will make it much more difficult to cope with within the context of our national security. It is, therefore, imperative, in our opinion, that the U.S. take some steps towards working with local politicians to take the initiative of a coup which, when per- formed, would receive the strong backing of this country, militarily, financially and otherwise, to secure an orderly succession of the present regime. As far as Haiti is concerned, I feel that I have the most adequate solution for the proposed action. I feel that whenever the security of this nation or any nation is concerned, there is no time for wait-and-se considerations. In the case of Haiti, in particular, where the political. scene is really deprived of individuals of strong convictions, one way or the other, we feel that the U.S. should not have any problem in finding someone that they can build politically and work with in a sincere and loyal effort to help that small nation solve some of its perennial problems..
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 139]
-6-In connection with the possibility of finding a political leader, as indicated above, I must say that I have been in contact with a man whom, I feel, could very well fit the position. His name is Clémard Joseph Charles, President of Banque Commerciale d'Haiti, President of Haiti's Chamber of Commerce, a director of several other business and industrial organizations in Haiti.I have known Mr. Charles since 1951. We have been friends and business associates eversince. To me, Mr. Charles is a true and sincere patriot. Of course, today, a number of people question his patriotism on the basis of his close cooperation with the Duvalier regime. I have myself, sometimes, felt that he went too far. I have also told him so, many times. His answers, on such occasions have, most of the time, satisfy my own judgement. In fact, Mr. Charles told me that, knowing Duvalier, as he knows him, it would have been a question of life or death if he were to behave in a different manner. What would his death serve if he had taken a position of non-compromise? He feels that in order to be able to control the situation and outlive Duvalier, it was better to be "in" than "out" or to put it another way to be alive than dead. I can say that on several occasions, was it not for Mr. Charles' influence on Duvalier, this latter would have done more harm to the poor people of Haiti, in general, than he has done so far.I have always maintained a dialogue with Mr. Charles and passed on to him as much as possible the judgements of Haitians and others with whom he had no direct contact. I must say that I have always find him receptive to their opinions.Eversince I have known Mr. Charles, he has always told me of his ambitions and determination to be a great Haitian. He asked me to never let him down and to stay with him to help him carry out his dream. Though it has cost me some of my friends, I have extended to him everything that I could possibly offer to help him reach his goals.Unlike the majority of Haitian politicians, Mr. Charles has an unsurmontable faith in the future of his country. He feels that if Haiti, under Duvalier, has considerably regressed in every way, the time will come/...
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 140]
-7-where, like a miracle, the country will again take its course forward to join the other progressive nations of this hemisphere. Unlike those politicians who have seen their prominent positions as a temporaty state of affairs with absolutely no future beyond Duvalier, Mr. Charles has practically invested in Haiti almost all the wealth that he has accumulated before and during Duvalier's reign through genuine efforts and self-discipline. Of course, I will admit that his wealth would not have increased in its present proportion if it was not for Duvalier's favors to him. But who else under the previous regimes who were in the same position have genuinely directed their efforts in using their gains for the betterment of the people? I have always find that Mr. Charles took very much satisfaction in giving employment and assistance to as many people as he possibly could. As a matter of fact this is one of his biggest assets in his present struggle.Mr. Charles is not a demagogue. He believes in the realities of the modern world. He realizes that without the assistance of the U.S., progress is impossible for Haiti. He sincerely believes in the spirit of the Alliance for Progress. Having traveled extensively, he is fully avare of the tragic state of stagnation in which his country is in. He deeply wishes to see Haiti make some progress in the fields of human dignity, education, technology and above all, Freedom.All that I have said so far are my own personal opinion and also the opinion of a large number of people in and out of Haiti.. If some defer in their evaluction of Mr. Charles, it is their privilege and undeniable rights.Now, if we are to take for granted my opinions, what does Mr. Charles have to offer to the U.S. to prevent the chaos that will necessarily follow Duvalier's downfall? First of all, Mr. Charles is at present ready and willing to provoke the desired collapse of Duvalier's regime. This, he assured me, he can do without any outside assistance. I am personally aware of certain confidential dispositions taken by him to assure the success of a coup if and when he decides to make it. Why does2
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 141]
- 8 -not he go ahead and make it, you may ask? His reply is that should he make it, what assurances does he have that his action will satisfy the U.S. As I stated before, Mr. Charles feels that without United States backing, no government can possibly exist in Haiti except undor the very same conditions of Duvalier's Government. There would be no reason to precipitate a change if Haiti were to remain under a tyranical dictatorship like Duvalier's...What Mr. Charles is asking as a prerequisite of any action to be sponsored or initiated by him is the assurance from a person of established authority in the U.S. Government that the United States will support the provisional government that will necessarily have to assure power after Duvalier.The dispositions taken by Mr. Charles are that e military coup by a Junta will take over and stay in power until free elections are held. The members of that military junta have been already selected by Mr. Charles, who has their commitments to that effect. Mr. Charles believe that if free elections are heid he should not have any great difficulty in selling his plans and programs to the people and therefore be elected the next president of Haiti. In my opinion, Mr. Charles is not asking too much. Should the United States consent to his request in the form mentioned above, I feel that the Haitian situation, long a sore note in the U.S. hamispheric relations, could be changed without risk for all parties concerned.Why should the United States gamble on any other calculated risk, while I feel, it can wrap up the situation safely in accord with Mr.Charles' plans? The military junta proposed by Mr. Charles will be made up by high ranking officers of the Haitian army loyal to him, therefore on the side of the U.3. With U.S. assistance - it is almost impossible otherwise - the steps proposed by Mr. Charles after the Junta will take over are as follows:1. Disarm the Militia and the Tonton Macoutes immediately)2. Reorganise the Army and the Government services;3. Prevent the interference of communist forces made of exilas Haitians based in Cuba or elsewhere)
[104-10164-10112.pdf — page 142]
- 9 -4. Provent the return to the Haitian political scone of such "rabble-rouser" so-called leaders as Daniel Fignole and Henri Vixamar;5. Star. the ground work for free elections as soon as possible. Mr. Charles feels that although it will probably be impossible to prevent acts of reprisals during the first 72 hours of the military take over, strong efforts should be made to avoid unnecessary bloodshed.Mr. Charles, in my opinion, is one of the few individuals around whom a reconciliation of all the social divisions and subdivisions of the Haitian family can be achieved. I will mention some of the basic reasons behind this opinion:1.  He is of modest rural extraction, therefore is what is called in Haiti a "son of the masses";2.  He is black, therefore representing the vast majority of the Haitian people who, at this point, considers the light-skin Haitian as a threat for the return of the domination of the mulatto minority;3.  He is deprived of the prejudice of color, therefore the mulatto minority will find in him a certain feeling of security and can be assured that it will not be persecuted solely on the basis of the color of their skins;4.  He is wealthy, therefore credited for not ambitioning power for mere personal gains;5.  He is known to be a hard, intelligent industrialist and administrator capable of promoting and encouraging the establishment of new business and industries in Haiti;6.  He has shown respect for certain moral values such as the undeniable right of the individual to live without fear within the framework of the laws of the land;7.  He is a Roman Catholic who professes to have nothing to do with "Voodoo" as a religion or a cult and who has given all the other religious denominations functioning in Haiti all the evidence of his encouragement and support for their pastoral activities;/...