What do you do when the engine in your single engine airplane fails in flight?

While it is rare every pilot should be prepared in the event.  The first step is to stay calm.  Remember you need to aviate, navigate and communicate in that order.  You should have the planes best glide speed memorized.  Next establish that glide speed.  Then consult the checklist for engine failure and restart procedures.  In event it does not restart look for suitable landing site.  If at all possible find a site that allows for a landing into the wind.  Declare an emergency, convey location if possible.  Refer to emergency landing procedures with a non-operating engine.