Which ones are programming languages, out of C, Java, Node.js, Python, HTML, BigData, Spark?

Well, C, Java and Python are programming languages. 
While HTML is a language, it is a markup language and not a programming language. Node.js is actually a framework built on top of Javascript, so it can't be classified as a language. 
BigData is a broader term used for storing, processing and usage of large amounts of data. Spark is one of the most popular distributed data processing frameworks. Spark can be used from multiple languages.