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Lamulo la chipani chimodzi ku dziko la Malawi


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Mu 1970, Hastings Banda adasankhidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa moyo wonse wa MCP, ndipo mu 1971 Banda adalimbitsa mphamvu zake ndikusankhidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa moyo wonse wa Malawi. Gulu la asilikali a Malawi Congress Party, a Young Pioneers, anathandiza kuti dziko la Malawi likhale pansi pa ulamuliro wankhanza mpaka m’ma 1990.

A Banda, yemwe nthawi zonse ankamutchula kuti “His Excellency the Life President Ngwazi Dr. H. Kamuzu Banda”, anali wankhanza. Kukhulupirika kwa iye kunali kukakamizidwa pamlingo uliwonse. Nyumba iliyonse yamabizinesi inkafunika kukhala ndi chithunzi cha Banda chopachikidwa pakhoma. Palibe chithunzi, wotchi, kapena chithunzi china chomwe chingayikidwe pamwamba pa khoma kuposa chithunzi cha pulezidenti. Nyimbo ya fuko inkayimbidwa zochitika zambiri zisanachitike - kuphatikizapo mafilimu, masewero, ndi misonkhano yasukulu. Kumalo owonetserako kanema, kanema wa Wolemekezeka akugwedeza anthu ake pamene nyimbo ya fuko ikuimba. A Banda atayendera mzinda wina, gulu la amayi likuyembekezeka kumulandira pabwalo la ndege ndi kumuvina. Nsalu yapadera, yokhala ndi chithunzi cha Purezidenti, inali yofunikira pamasewerawa. Wailesi imodzi mdziko muno idaulutsa zokamba za Purezidenti komanso mabodza aboma. Anthu adalamulidwa kuti achoke mnyumba zawo ndi apolisi, ndipo adawauza kuti atseke mawindo ndi zitseko zonse, patadutsa ola limodzi kuti Purezidenti Banda asadutse. Aliyense ankayembekezeredwa kugwedezeka.

Mwa malamulo omwe a Banda adakhazikitsa, zinali zoletsedwa kuti amayi azivala zovala zowonera, mathalauza amtundu uliwonse kapena masiketi owonetsa mbali iliyonse ya bondo. Panali zosiyana ziwiri pa izi: ngati anali ku Country Club (malo omwe masewera osiyanasiyana ankaseweredwa) komanso ngati anali kumalo osungiramo tchuthi / hotelo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kupatulapo ogwira ntchito ku hotelo / hotelo sanawonekedwe. ndi anthu wamba. Amuna sankaloledwa kukhala ndi tsitsi pansi pa kolala; pamene amuna amene tsitsi lawo linali lalitali kwambiri anafika m’dzikolo kuchokera kutsidya la nyanja, anametedwa tsitsi asanachoke pabwalo la ndege. Mipingo inayenera kuloledwa ndi boma. Ziŵalo za magulu ena achipembedzo, monga Mboni za Yehova, zinazunzidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kuchoka m’dzikolo panthaŵi ina. Nzika zonse za ku Malawi zochokera ku India zinakakamizika kusiya nyumba ndi mabizinesi awo kupita kumadera osankhidwa amwenye m’mizinda ikuluikulu. Panthaŵi ina, onse anauzidwa kuti achoke m’dzikolo, ndiyeno osankhidwa pamanja analoledwa kubwerera. Zinali zoletsedwa kusamutsa kapena kutenga ndalama zolandilidwa mwachinsinsi kunja kwa dziko pokhapokha zitavomerezedwa ndi njira zoyenera; umboni unayenera kuperekedwa wosonyeza kuti munthu anali atabweretsa kale ndalama zakunja zofanana kapena zambiri m’mbuyomo. Pamene ena adachoka, adasiya katundu ndi malipiro.

Makanema onse owonetsedwa m'malo owonetsera adawonedwa koyamba ndi a Malawi Censorship Board. Zomwe zimawonedwa ngati zosayenera - makamaka zamaliseche kapena ndale - zidasinthidwa. Mail idayang'aniridwanso ndi Censorship Board. Maimelo ena akunja amatsegulidwa, kuwerengedwa, ndipo nthawi zina kusinthidwa. Matepi a vidiyo anayenera kutumizidwa ku Bungwe la Censorship Board kuti awonedwe ndi ofufuza. Kanemayo atasinthidwa, adapatsidwa chomata chonena kuti tsopano ndi choyenera kuwonedwa, ndikubwezeredwa kwa eni ake. Kuyimba foni kunkayang'aniridwa ndikuchotsedwa ngati zokambiranazo zinali zovuta zandale. Zinthu zogulitsidwa m'malo ogulitsa mabuku zidasinthidwanso. Masamba, kapena mbali zina zamasamba, zinadulidwa kapena kuzidetsedwa m’magazini monga Newsweek ndi Time.

Dr Banda anali munthu wolemera ngati atsogoleri adziko lonse. Anali ndi nyumba (ndipo ankakhala m’nyumba yachifumu), mabizinesi, ma helikoputala apayekha, magalimoto ndi zina zotero. Kulankhula motsutsana ndi Purezidenti kunali koletsedwa. Anthu amene ankachita zimenezi nthawi zambiri ankathamangitsidwa m’dziko kapena kutsekeredwa m’ndende. A Banda ndi boma lawo adadzudzulidwa chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wa anthu ndi mabungwe a Human Rights Watch ndi Amnesty International. Atachotsedwa pa udindo, a Banda anazengedwa mlandu wopha munthu komanso kufuna kuwononga umboni.

Muulamuliro wake, a Banda anali m'modzi mwa atsogoleri ochepa a mu Africa pambuyo pa utsamunda omwe ankasunga ubale wawo ndi dziko la South Africa lomwe linali nthawi ya tsankho.