---
language:
- en
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: all.parquet
---


# Dataset Card for MMIU



<!-- - **Homepage:**  -->
- **Repository:** https://github.com/OpenGVLab/MMIU
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.02718
- **Project Page:** https://mmiu-bench.github.io/
- **Point of Contact:** [Fanqing Meng](mailto:mengfanqing33@gmail.com)

## Introduction
MMIU encompasses 7 types of multi-image relationships, 52 tasks, 77K images, and 11K meticulously curated multiple-choice questions, making it the most extensive benchmark of its kind. Our evaluation of 24 popular MLLMs, including both open-source and proprietary models, reveals significant challenges in multi-image comprehension, particularly in tasks involving spatial understanding. Even the most advanced models, such as GPT-4o, achieve only 55.7% accuracy on MMIU. Through multi-faceted analytical experiments, we identify key performance gaps and limitations, providing valuable insights for future model and data improvements. We aim for MMIU to advance the frontier of LVLM research and development, moving us toward achieving sophisticated multimodal multi-image user interactions.


## Data Structure
### Data Fields

Each field of annotation is as follows: 

* `task`: The name of task
* `visual_input_component`: Type of input image (e.g., point cloud, natural image, etc.)
* `source`: Source dataset of the sample
* `options`: Options for the question
* `question`: The question
* `context`: Context of the question (e.g., task description, etc.)
* `input_image_path`: List of input images (including question image and option images)
* `output`: The correct option for the question



### Example
```
{
        "task": "forensic_detection_blink",
        "visual_input_component": "natural image and synthetic image",
        "source": "blink",
        "options": "A: the first image\nB: the second image\nC: the third image\nD: the fourth image",
        "question": "Which image is most likely to be a real photograph?",
        "context": "You are a judge in a photography competition, and now you are given the four images. Please examine the details and tell which one of them is most likely to be a real photograph.\nSelect from
 the following choices.\nA: the first image\nB: the second image\nC: the third image\nD: the fourth image\n",
        "input_image_path": [
            "./Low-level-semantic/forensic_detection_blink/forensic_detection_blink_0_0.jpg",
            "./Low-level-semantic/forensic_detection_blink/forensic_detection_blink_0_1.jpg",
            "./Low-level-semantic/forensic_detection_blink/forensic_detection_blink_0_2.jpg",
            "./Low-level-semantic/forensic_detection_blink/forensic_detection_blink_0_3.jpg"
        ],
        "output": "D"
    }
```





### Image Relationships
We include seven types of image relationships. For detailed information, please refer to Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.02718

## Licensing Information
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.

## Disclaimer
This dataset is intended primarily for research purposes. We strongly oppose any harmful use of the data or technology.