Years Ended
July 27, 2019 (1)(2)
July 28, 2018 (1)(3)
July 29, 2017
July 30, 2016 (4)(5)
July 25, 2015 (4)
Revenue
$51,904
$49,330
$48,005
$49,247
$49,161
Net income
$11,621
$110
$9,609
$10,739
$8,981
Net income per share—basic
$2.63
$0.02
$1.92
$2.13
$1.76
Net income per share—diluted
$2.61
$0.02
$1.90
$2.11
$1.75
Shares used in per-share calculation—basic
4,419
4,837
5,010
5,053
5,104
Shares used in per-share calculation—diluted
4,453
4,881
5,049
5,088
5,146
Cash dividends declared per common share
$1.36
$1.24
$1.10
$0.94
$0.80
Net cash provided by operating activities
$15,831
$13,666
$13,876
$13,570
$12,552
item 6 .
selected financial data .
five years ended july 27 2019 -in millions except per-share amounts .
-1 in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 we completed the sale of the service provider video software solutions -spvss business .
as a result revenue from the spvss business will not recur in future periods .
we recognized an immaterial gain from this transaction .
revenue for the years ended july 27 2019 and july 28 2018 include spvss revenue of $ 168 million and $ 903 million respectively .
-2 in connection with the tax cuts and jobs act - “ the tax act ” we recorded an $ 872 million charge which was the reversal of the previously recorded benefit associated with the u .
s .
taxation of deemed foreign dividends recorded in fiscal 2018 as a result of a retroactive final u .
s .
treasury regulation issued during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 .
see note 17 to the consolidated financial statements .
-3 in fiscal 2018 cisco recorded a provisional tax expense of $ 10 .
4 billion related to the enactment of the tax act comprised of $ 8 .
1 billion of u .
s .
transition tax $ 1 .
2 billion of foreign withholding tax and $ 1 .
1 billion re-measurement of net deferred tax assets and liabilities -dta .
-4 in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 cisco completed the sale of the sp video cpe business .
as a result revenue from this portion of the service provider video product category did not recur in future periods .
the sale resulted in a pre-tax gain of $ 253 million net of certain transaction costs .
the years ended july 30 2016 and july 25 2015 include sp video cpe business revenue of $ 504 million and $ 1846 million respectively .
-5 in fiscal 2016 cisco recognized total tax benefits of $ 593 million for the following : i the internal revenue service -irs and cisco settled all outstanding items related to cisco ’ s federal income tax returns for fiscal 2008 through fiscal 2010 as a result of which cisco recorded a net tax benefit of $ 367 million ; and ii the protecting americans from tax hikes act of 2015 reinstated the u .
s .
federal research and development -r & d tax credit permanently as a result of which cisco recognized tax benefits of $ 226 million of which $ 81 million related to fiscal 2015 r & d expenses .
at the beginning of fiscal 2019 we adopted accounting standards codification -asc 606 a new accounting standard related to revenue recognition using the modified retrospective method to those contracts that were not completed as of july 28 2018 .
see note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for the impact of this adoption .
no other factors materially affected the comparability of the information presented above .

Question: What was the percentage change in the  Net cash provided by operating activities  between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: -1.51