Years ended December 31,
Years ended December 31,
Years ended December 31,
2019 vs 2018
2018 vs 2017
2019
2018
2017
% Change
% Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
Revenues:
Subscription solutions
$642,241
$464,996
$310,031
38.1%
50.0%
Merchant solutions
935,932
608,233
363,273
53.9%
67.4%
$1,578,173
$1,073,229
$673,304
47.0%
59.4%
Percentage of revenues:
Subscription solutions
40.7%
43.3%
46.0%
Merchant solutions
59.3 %
56.7 %
54.0 %
Total revenues
100.0 %
100.0 %
100.0 %
discussion of the results of operations for the years ended december 31 2019 2018 and 2017 .
revenues .
subscription solutions .
subscription solutions revenues increased $ 177 .
2 million or 38 .
1 % for the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
subscription solutions revenues increased $ 155 .
0 million or 50 .
0 % for the year ended december 31 2018 compared to the same period in 2017 .
the increase in both periods was primarily a result of growth in mrr driven by the higher number of merchants using our platform .
merchant solutions .
merchant solutions revenues increased $ 327 .
7 million or 53 .
9 % for the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
the increase in merchant solutions revenues was primarily a result of shopify payments revenue growing by $ 239 .
6 million or 53 .
3 % in 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
this increase was a result of an increase in the number of merchants using our platform continued expansion into new geographical regions and an increase in adoption of shopify payments by our merchants which drove $ 9 .
1 billion of additional gmv facilitated using shopify payments in 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
for the year ended december 31 2019 the shopify payments penetration rate was 42 .
1 % resulting in gmv of $ 25 .
7 billion that was facilitated using shopify payments .
this compares to a penetration rate of 40 .
4 % resulting in gmv of $ 16 .
6 billion that was facilitated using shopify payments in the same period in 2018 .
as at december 31 2019 shopify payments adoption among our merchants was as follows : united states 91 % ; canada 90 % ; australia 89 % ; united kingdom 88 % ; ireland 84 % ; new zealand 76 % ; and other countries where shopify payments is available 70 % .
merchant solutions revenues increased $ 327 .
7 million or 53 .
9 % for the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
the increase in merchant solutions revenues was primarily a result of shopify payments revenue growing by $ 239 .
6 million or 53 .
3 % in 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
this increase was a result of an increase in the number of merchants using our platform continued expansion into new geographical regions and an increase in adoption of shopify payments by our merchants which drove $ 9 .
1 billion of additional gmv facilitated using shopify payments in 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
for the year ended december 31 2019 the shopify payments penetration rate was 42 .
1 % resulting in gmv of $ 25 .
7 billion that was facilitated using shopify payments .
this compares to a penetration rate of 40 .
4 % resulting in gmv of $ 16 .
6 billion that was facilitated using shopify payments in the same period in 2018 .
as at december 31 2019 shopify payments adoption among our merchants was as follows : united states 91 % ; canada 90 % ; australia 89 % ; united kingdom 88 % ; ireland 84 % ; new zealand 76 % ; and other countries where shopify payments is available 70 % .
in addition to the increase in revenue from shopify payments revenue from transaction fees referral fees from partners shopify capital and shopify shipping increased during the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 as a result of the increase in gmv facilitated through our platform .
merchant solutions revenues increased $ 245 .
0 million or 67 .
4 % for the year ended december 31 2018 compared to the same period in 2017 .
the increase in merchant solutions revenues was primarily a result of shopify payments revenue growing by $ 176 .
0 million or 64 .
4 % .
additionally revenue from transaction fees referral fees from partners shopify capital and shopify shipping increased for the year ended december 31 2018 compared to the same period in 2017 .

Question: Which year has the highest Merchant solutions revenues?
Answer: 2019