FangyuLei/tatqa huggingface dataset:
Year Ended May 31,
Percent Change
Percent Change
(Dollars in millions)
2019
Actual
Constant
2018
Research and development (1)
$5,063
-2%
0%
$5,163
Stock-based compensation
963
5%
5%
921
Total expenses
$6,026
-1%
0%
$6,084
% of Total Revenues
15%
15%
research and development expenses : research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel related expenditures .
we intend to continue to invest significantly in our research and development efforts because in our judgment they are essential to maintaining our competitive position .
-1 excluding stock-based compensation .
on a constant currency basis total research and development expenses were flat in fiscal 2019 as lower employee related expenses including lower variable compensation were offset by an increase in stock-based compensation expenses .

Question: Why was the total research and development expenses flat in fiscal 2019?
Answer: On a constant currency basis, total research and development expenses were flat in fiscal 2019, as lower employee related expenses including lower variable compensation were offset by an increase in stock-based compensation expenses .
December 31, 2019
December 31, 2018
Allowance for doubtful accounts, beginning balance
$319
$983
Increase (decrease) of provision
(72)
(26)
Write-offs
(195)
(638)
Allowance for doubtful accounts, ending balance
$52
$319
6 .
other balance sheet account details .
allowance for doubtful accounts .
the following table presents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts -in thousands : .

Question: What is the percentage change in allowance for doubtful accounts, ending balance between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -83.7
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Revenues
On-net
Off-net
Non-core
Total
North America
$319,330
$131,815
$422
$451,567
Europe
72,320
16,323
53
88,696
Asia Pacific
4,615
778
—
5,393
Latin America
488
15
—
503
Total
$396,753
$148,931
$475
$546,159
Year Ended December 31, 2018 Revenues
On-net
Off-net
Non-core
Total
North America
$299,021
$128,510
$572
$428,103
Europe
72,958
15,918
62
88,938
Asia Pacific
2,562
576
—
3,138
Latin America
14
—
—
14
Total
$374,555
$145,004
$634
$520,193
Year Ended December 31, 2017 Revenues
On-net
Off-net
Non-core
Total
North America
$278,714
$122,683
$797
$402,194
Europe
66,588
14,867
41
81,496
Asia Pacific
1,143
342
—
1,485
Total
$346,445
$137,892
$838
$485,175
10 .
geographic information : .
operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing the company ’ s performance .
the company has one operating segment .
revenues are attributed to regions based on where the services are provided .
below are the company ’ s service revenues and long lived assets by geographic region -in thousands : .

Question: What is the value of the revenue from the on-net segment from North America as a percentage of the total revenue earned in North America in 2019?
Answer: 79.4
Year-ended 31 March 2019
Year-ended 31 March 2018
$M
$M
10% movement in sterling to US dollar value
Profit or loss
1.7
5.1
Equity
33.8
37.4
10% movement in euro to US dollar value
Profit or loss
1.5
7.5
Equity
(9.8)
(10.8)
foreign currency risk .
the group is exposed to translation and transaction foreign exchange risk .
several other currencies in addition to the reporting currency of us dollar are used including sterling and the euro .
the group experiences currency exchange differences arising upon retranslation of monetary items -primarily short-term inter-company balances and long-term borrowings which are recognised as an expense in the period the difference occurs .
the group endeavours to match cash inflows and outflows in the various currencies ; the group typically invoices its customers in their local currency and pays its local expenses in local currency as a means to mitigate this risk .
the group is also exposed to exchange differences arising from the translation of its subsidiaries ’ financial statements into the group ’ s reporting currency of us dollar with the corresponding exchange differences taken directly to equity .
the following table illustrates the movement that ten per cent in the value of sterling or the euro against the us dollar would have had on the group ’ s profit or loss for the period and on the group ’ s equity as at the end of the period .
any foreign exchange variance would be recognised as unrealised foreign exchange in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and have no impact on cash flows .

Question: For which currencies does the table record the effect of a 10% movement against the US dollar?
Answer: Sterling Euro
DECEMBER 31, 2018 AS REPORTED
IFRS 16 IMPACTS
JANUARY 1, 2019 UPON ADOPTION OF IFRS 16
Prepaid expenses
244
(55)
189
Other current assets
329
9
338
Property, plant and equipment
24,844
2,257
27,101
Other non-current assets
847
17
864
Trade payables and other liabilities
3,941
(10)
3,931
Debt due within one year
4,645
293
4,938
Long-term debt
19,760
2,011
21,771
Deferred tax liabilities
3,163
(7)
3,156
Other non-current liabilities
997
(39)
958
Deficit
(4,937)
(19)
(4,956)
Non-controlling interest
326
(1)
325
adoption of ifrs 16 .
upon adoption of ifrs 16 on january 1 2019 we recognized right-of-use assets of $ 2257 million within property plant and equipment and lease liabilities of $ 2304 million within debt with an increase to our deficit of $ 19 million .
these amounts were recognized in addition to assets under finance leases of $ 1947 million and the corresponding finance lease liabilities of $ 2097 million at december 31 2018 under ias 17 .
as a result on january 1 2019 our total right-of-use assets and lease liabilities amounted to $ 4204 million and $ 4401 million respectively .
the table below shows the impacts of adopting ifrs 16 on our january 1 2019 consolidated statement of financial position .
bce ’ s operating lease commitments at december 31 2018 were $ 1612 million .
the difference between operating lease commitments at december 31 2018 and lease liabilities of $ 2304 million upon adoption of ifrs 16 at january 1 2019 is due mainly to an increase of $ 1122 million related to renewal options reasonably certain to be exercised an increase of $ 112 million mainly related to non-monetary transactions and a decrease of - $ 542 million as a result of discounting applied to future lease payments which was determined using a weighted average incremental borrowing rate of 3 .
49 % at january 1 2019 .

Question: What is the weighted average incremental borrowing rate used to discount future lease payments?
Answer: 3.49%
Years Ended December 31,
Years Ended December 31,
Years Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
(in thousands)
(in thousands)
(in thousands)
Cost of net revenue
$577
$489
$332
Research and development
16,545
17,953
16,190
Selling, general and administrative
14,938
13,279
11,016
Restructuring expense
—
—
5,130
$32,060
$31,721
$32,668
stock-based compensation .
the company recognizes stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations based on the department to which the related employee reports as follows : the company recognizes stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations based on the department to which the related employee reports as follows : .
the total unrecognized compensation cost related to performance-based restricted stock units as of december 31 2019 was $ 3 .
6 million and the weighted average period over which these equity awards are expected to vest is 1 .
6 years .
the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options as of december 31 2019 was $ 2 .
0 million and the weighted average period over which these equity awards are expected to vest is 2 .
30 years .

Question: What was the respective research and development expense in 2019, 2018 and 2017?
Answer: 16,545 17,953 16,190
2019
2018
$ CHANGE
% CHANGE
Bell Wireless
(5,300)
(5,297)
(3)
(0.1%)
Bell Wireline
(6,942)
(6,946)
4
0.1%
Bell Media
(2,367)
(2,428)
61
2.5%
Inter-segment eliminations
751
738
13
1.8%
Total BCE operating costs
(13,858)
(13,933)
75
0.5%
4 .
4 operating costs .
cost of revenues includes costs of wireless devices and other equipment sold network and content costs and payments to other carriers .
labour costs -net of capitalized costs include wages salaries and related taxes and benefits post-employment benefit plans service cost and other labour costs including contractor and outsourcing costs .
other operating costs include marketing advertising and sales commission costs bad debt expense taxes other than income taxes it costs professional service fees and rent .
bce total bce operating costs declined by 0 .
5 % in 2019 compared to last year driven by reduced costs in bell media of 2 .
5 % while costs in bell wireless and bell wireline remained relatively stable year over year .
these results reflected the benefit from the adoption of ifrs 16 in 2019 .

Question: What does the cost of revenues include?
Answer: Cost of revenues includes costs of wireless devices and other equipment sold, network and content costs, and payments to other carriers.
($ in millions)
($ in millions)
($ in millions)
($ in millions)
For the year ended December 31:
2018
2017
Yr.-to-Yr. Percent/ Margin Change
Global Technology Services
External total gross profit
$10,035
$10,022
0.1%
External total gross profit margin
34.4%
34.3%
0.1 pts
Pre-tax income
$ 1,781
$ 2,618
(32.0)%
Pre-tax margin
5.9%
8.8%
(2.8) pts
* recast to reflect segment changes .
the 2018 gts gross profit margin was essentially flat year to year and reflected benefits from productivity initiatives including automation of delivery processes infused with ai and global workforce optimization .
pre-tax income performance reflected continued investment to expand go-to-market capabilities and develop new offerings for the hybrid market .

Question: What is the average of External total gross profit?
Answer: 10028.5
Year Ended December 31,
Year Ended December 31,
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2019
2018
Beginning of period balance
$11,176
$12,678
Revenue deferred and acquired in current period
6,127
3,954
Revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities
(6,805)
(5,456)
End of period balance
$10,498
$11,176
contract liabilities .
contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract .
the changes in our contract liabilities are as follows -in thousands : .
the revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities primarily relates to prepayment contracts with customers as well as payments of activation fees .

Question: Which years does the table provide information for the changes in the company's contract liabilities?
Answer: 2019 2018
Three months ended August 31,
2019 (1)
2018 (2)
Change
Change in constant currency (3)
Foreign exchange impact (3)
(in thousands of dollars, except percentages)
$
$
%
%
$
Canadian broadband services
147,815
153,560
(3.7)
(3.8)
73
American broadband services
148,215
136,506
8.6
7.6
1,370
Inter-segment eliminations and other
6,803
7,911
(14.0)
(14.0)
(2)
302,833
297,977
1.6
1.1
1,441
operating expenses .
-1 for the three-month period ended august 31 2019 the average foreign exchange rate used for translation was 1 .
3222 usd / cdn .
-2 fiscal 2018 was restated to comply with ifrs 15 and to reflect a change in accounting policy as well as to reclassify results from cogeco peer 1 as discontinued operations .
for further details please consult the " accounting policies " and " discontinued operations " sections .
-3 fiscal 2019 actuals are translated at the average foreign exchange rate of the comparable period of fiscal 2018 which was 1 .
3100 usd / cdn .
fiscal 2019 fourth-quarter operating expenses increased by 1 .
6 % -1 .
1 % in constant currency mainly from : • additional costs in the american broadband services segment mainly due to higher programming costs additional headcount to support growth higher marketing initiatives to drive primary service units growth and the fiberlight acquisition ; .

Question: What was the increase / (decrease) in the Inter-segment eliminations and other from three months ended August 31, 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -1108
(In thousands)
2019
2018
2017
Total revenues
$ 349,640
$ 346,251
$ 350,611
Income from operations
100,182
100,571
104,973
Net income before taxes
99,146
99,408
103,497
Net income
99,146
99,408
103,497
Current assets
$ 80,655
$ 75,040
$ 78,782
Non-current assets
156,672
103,996
95,959
Current liabilities
33,292
24,719
22,472
Non-current liabilities
92,477
51,840
51,463
Partnership equity
111,558
102,478
100,806
equity method we own 20 .
51 % of gte mobilnet of texas rsa # 17 limited partnership - “ rsa # 17 ” 16 .
67 % of pennsylvania rsa 6-i limited partnership - “ rsa 6-i ” and 23 .
67 % of pennsylvania rsa 6-ii limited partnership - “ rsa 6-ii ” .
rsa # 17 provides cellular service to a limited rural area in texas .
rsa 6-i and rsa 6-ii provide cellular service in and around our pennsylvania service territory .
because we have significant influence over the operating and financial policies of these three entities we account for the investments using the equity method .
in connection with the adoption of asc 606 by our equity method partnerships the value of our combined partnership interests increased $ 1 .
8 million which is reflected in the cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings during the year ended december 31 2018 .
in 2019 2018 and 2017 we received cash distributions from these partnerships totaling $ 19 .
0 million $ 21 .
8 million and $ 17 .
2 million respectively .
the carrying value of the investments exceeds the underlying equity in net assets of the partnerships by $ 32 .
8 million as of december 31 2019 and 2018 .
the combined results of operations and financial position of our three equity investments in the cellular limited partnerships are summarized below : .

Question: What is the company's ownership of GTE Mobilnet of Texas RSA#17?
Answer: 20.51%
2019
2018
£m
£m
Fees payable for the audit of the Company and consolidated financial statements
0.1
0.1
Fees payable for other services:
– the audit of the subsidiary undertakings pursuant to legislation
0.2
0.1
Total
0.3
0.2
services provided by the company ’ s auditors .
during the year the group -including overseas subsidiaries obtained the following services from the operating company ’ s auditors : .

Question: What was the total amount of fees payable in 2019?
Answer: 0.3
December 31, 2019
December 31, 2018
(in thousands)
Assets
Interest rate swap
$—
$1,623
Liabilities
Interest rate swap
$37
$—
6 .
financial instruments .
the composition of financial instruments is as follows : .
the fair values of the company ’ s financial instrument is the amount that would be received in an asset sale or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unaffiliated market participants and is recorded using a hierarchical disclosure framework based upon the level of subjectivity of the inputs used in measuring assets and liabilities .
the levels are described below : .
level 1 : quoted prices -unadjusted in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities .
level 2 : observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets but corroborated by market data .
level 3 : unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available .
the company classifies its financial instrument within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy on the basis of models utilizing market observable inputs .
the interest rate swap has been valued on the basis of valuations provided by third-party pricing services as derived from standard valuation or pricing models .
market-based observable inputs for the interest rate swap include one month libor-based yield curves over the term of the swap .
the company reviews third-party pricing provider models key inputs and assumptions and understands the pricing processes at its third-party providers in determining the overall reasonableness of the fair value of its level 2 financial instruments .
the company also considers the risk of nonperformance by assessing the swap counterparty ' s credit risk in the estimate of fair value of the interest rate swap .
as of december 31 2019 and 2018 the company has not made any adjustments to the valuations obtained from its third party pricing providers .

Question: What was the change in the interest rate swap from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -1623
2019
2018
€m
€m
Cost:
1 April
91,905
91,902
Capital contributions arising from share-based payments
137
130
Contributions received in relation to share-based payments
(92)
(127)
31 March
91,950
91,905
Amounts provided for:
1 April
8,177
7,911
Impairment losses
–
266
31 March
8,177
8,177
Net book value:
31 March
83,773
83,728
2 .
fixed assets .
accounting policies .
shares in group undertakings are stated at cost less any provision for impairment and capital related to share-based payments .
contributions in respect of share-based payments are recognised in line with the policy set out in note 7 “ share-based payments ” .
the company assesses investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an investment may not be recoverable .
if any such indication of impairment exists the company makes an estimate of the recoverable amount .
if the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the value of the investment the investment is considered to be impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount .
an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the income statement .
shares in group undertakings .

Question: What is the net book value as of 31 March in 2019?
Answer: 83,773
Number of Shares
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested shares at December 31, 2018
1,924
$40.81
Granted
390
56.74
Forfeited
(562)
41.29
Vested
—
—
Unvested shares at December 31, 2019 1
1,752
$44.21
performance-based restricted stock units .
prsu activity is summarized as follows -shares in thousands : .
1 assumes maximum achievement of the specified financial targets .
the weighted-average grant date fair value of prsus granted during the years ended december 31 2019 2018 and 2017 was $ 56 .
74 $ 40 .
53 and $ 41 .
73 respectively .
unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested prsus was $ 16 .
9 million at december 31 2019 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1 .
7 years .

Question: What was the weighted-average grant date fair value of PRSUs granted in 2018?
Answer: $40.53
As of
2019
2018
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
$1,045
$1,417
Accrued salaries, wages, and benefits
122
163
Property, plant, and equipment
80
—
Other
110
115
Gross deferred tax assets
1,357
1,695
Less valuation allowance
(277)
(228)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
1,080
1,467
Deferred tax liabilities
Product and process technology
(138)
(62)
Property, plant, and equipment
—
(173)
Other
(109)
(213)
Deferred tax liabilities
(247)
(448)
Net deferred tax assets
$833
$1,019
Reported as
Deferred tax assets
$837
$1,022
Deferred tax liabilities (included in other noncurrent liabilities)
(4)
(3)
Net deferred tax assets
$833
$1,019
deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax purposes as well as carryforwards .
deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following : .
we assess positive and negative evidence for each jurisdiction to determine whether it is more likely than not that existing deferred tax assets will be realized .
as of august 29 2019 and august 30 2018 we had a valuation allowance of $ 277 million and $ 228 million respectively against our net deferred tax assets primarily related to net operating loss carryforwards in japan .
changes in 2019 in the valuation allowance were due to adjustments based on management ' s assessment of tax credits and net operating losses that are more likely than not to be realized .

Question: What do the deferred income taxes reflect?
Answer: the net tax effects of temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax purposes as well as carryforwards
USDm
2019
2018
2017
Borrowings
863.4
754.7
753.9
Loans receivables
-4.6
-
-
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash
-72.5
-127.4
-134.2
Net interest-bearing debt
786.3
627.3
619.7
alternative performance measures .
net interest-bearing debt : .
net interest-bearing debt is defined as borrowings -current and noncurrent less loans receivables and cash and cash equivalents including restricted cash .
net interest-bearing debt depicts the net capital resources which cause net interest expenditure and interest rate risk and which together with equity are used to finance the company ’ s investments .
as such torm believes that net interest-bearing debt is a relevant measure which management uses to measure the overall development of the use of financing other than equity .
such measure may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies .
net interest-bearing debt is calculated as follows : .

Question: What was the change in Net interest-bearing debt in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 159
Fair value at December 31, 2019
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds
$297,311
$297,311
$ -
$ -
Noncurrent assets:
Long-term investments
132,188
-
-
132,188
Fair value at December 31, 2018
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds
$485,872
$485,872
$ -
$ -
Noncurrent assets:
Long-term investments
-
-
-
-
note 5 .
fair value of financial instruments .
the company measures and reports certain cash equivalents including money market funds and certificates of deposit in addition to its long-term investments at fair value in accordance with the provisions of the authoritative accounting guidance that addresses fair value measurements .
this guidance establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available .
the hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows : .
level 1 : observable inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities .
level 2 : other inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability .
level 3 : unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are based on management ’ s assumptions including fair value measurements determined by using pricing models discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques .
the financial assets carried at fair value were determined using the following inputs -in thousands : .
the company ’ s other financial instruments including accounts receivable accounts payable and other current liabilities are carried at cost which approximates fair-value due to the relatively short maturity of those instruments .

Question: What does Level 3 input in the fair value hierarchy refer to?
Answer: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are based on management’s assumptions