FangyuLei/tatqa huggingface dataset:
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
Balance at beginning of period
$8,623
$9,724
$8,548
Plus: Amounts charged to cost and expenses
4,569
7,392
6,951
Less: Deductions
(4,798)
(8,493)
(5,775)
Balance at end of period
$8,394
$8,623
$9,724
liability for warranty .
liability for warranty our products generally include warranties of 90 days to five years for product defects .
we accrue for warranty returns at the time revenue is recognized based on our historical return rate and estimate of the cost to repair or replace the defective products .
we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of our component suppliers .
the increasing complexity of our products will cause warranty incidences when they arise to be more costly .
our estimates regarding future warranty obligations may change due to product failure rates material usage and other rework costs incurred in correcting a product failure .
in addition from time to time specific warranty accruals may be recorded if unforeseen problems arise .
should our actual experience relative to these factors be worse than our estimates we will be required to record additional warranty expense .
alternatively if we provide for more reserves than we require we will reverse a portion of such provisions in future periods .
the liability for warranty obligations totaled $ 8 .
4 million and $ 8 .
6 million as of december 31 2019 and 2018 respectively .
these liabilities are included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets .
during 2017 we recorded a reduction in warranty expense related to a settlement with a third-party supplier for a defective component the impact of which is reflected in the following table .
a summary of warranty expense and write-off activity for the years ended december 31 2019 2018 and 2017 is as follows : .
-in thousands .

Question: What was the change in the balance at the end of period between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -229
Year Ended December 31,
Year Ended December 31,
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
$60,068
$103,051
$60,765
Cash provided by operating activities
10,317
3,295
4,863
Cash used in investing activities
(24,574)
(48,413)
(70,972)
Cash provided by financing activities
494,101
3,099
108,475
Effects of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(250)
(964)
(80)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
$539,662
$60,068
$103,051
cash flows .
the following table summarizes our cash flows for the years ended december 31 2019 2018 and 2017 -in thousands : .
at december 31 2019 $ 6 .
7 million of the $ 539 .
7 million of cash cash equivalents and restricted cash was held by foreign subsidiaries .
our intention is to indefinitely reinvest foreign earnings in our foreign subsidiaries .
if these earnings were used to fund domestic operations they would be subject to additional income taxes upon repatriation .

Question: What is the change in Cash provided by operating activities from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2018?
Answer: 7022
As at December 31
As at December 31
As at December 31
(In millions of dollars, except exchange rates, percentages, and years)
2019
2018
US dollar-denominated long-term debt 1
$ 8,300
$ 6,050
Hedged with debt derivatives
$ 8,300
$ 6,050
Hedged exchange rate
1.1932
1.1438
Percent hedged2
100.0%
100.0%
Amount of borrowings at fixed rates 3
Total borrowings
$ 17,496
$ 15,320
Total borrowings at fixed rates
$ 15,254
$ 13,070
Percent of borrowings at fixed rates
87.2%
85.3%
Weighted average interest rate on borrowings
4.30%
4.45%
Weighted average term to maturity
14.1 years
10.7 years
as at december 31 2019 we had us $ 8 .
3 billion of us dollardenominated senior notes and debentures all of which were hedged using debt derivatives .
1 us dollar-denominated long-term debt reflects the hedged exchange rate and the hedged interest rate .
2 pursuant to the requirements for hedge accounting under ifrs 9 financial instruments as at december 31 2019 and december 31 2018 rci accounted for 100 % of its debt derivatives related to senior notes as hedges against designated us dollar-denominated debt .
as a result as at december 31 2019 and 2018 100 % of our us dollar-denominated senior notes and debentures are hedged for accounting and economic purposes .
3 borrowings include long-term debt including the impact of debt derivatives and short-term borrowings associated with our us cp and accounts receivable securitization programs .

Question: What was the average Hedged with debt derivatives?
Answer: 7175
Amortized Cost
Unrealized Gains
Unrealized Losses
Fair Value
(U.S. $ in thousands)
Debt Investments
U.S. treasury securities
$52,809
$—
$(109)
$52,700
Agency securities
22,097
—
(82)
22,015
Certificates of deposit and time deposits
58,824
—
—
58,824
Commercial paper
35,372
—
—
35,372
Corporate debt securities
158,538
14
(669)
157,883
Total investments
$327,640
$14
$(860)
$326,794
as of june 30 2018 the group ’ s investments consisted of the following : .
as of june 30 2018 the group had $ 323 .
1 million of investments which were classified as short-term investments on the group ’ s consolidated statements of financial position .
additionally the group had certificates of deposit and time deposits totaling $ 3 .
6 million which were classified as long-term and were included in other non- current assets on the group ’ s consolidated statements of financial position .

Question: As of June 30, 2018, what is the value of the certificates of deposit and time deposits?
Answer: $3.6 million
Fiscal Years Ended March 31,
Fiscal Years Ended March 31,
Fiscal Years Ended March 31,
2019
2018
2017
Beginning of fiscal year
$8,680
$7,390
$7,103
Additions from business combinations
—
1,270
—
Additions for tax positions of the current year
2,027
1,078
762
Additions for tax positions of prior years
519
—
—
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
(633)
(1,058)
(64)
Lapse in statute of limitations
(9)
—
(411)
Settlements
(2,923)
—
—
End of fiscal year
$7,661
$8,680
$7,390
at march 31 2019 the company had $ 7 .
7 million of unrecognized tax benefits .
a reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits -excluding interest and penalties is as follows -amounts in thousands : .
at march 31 2019 $ 1 .
9 million of the $ 7 .
7 million of unrecognized income tax benefits would affect the company ’ s effective income tax rate if recognized .
it is reasonably possible that the total unrecognized tax benefit could decrease by $ 1 .
0 million in fiscal year 2020 if the advanced pricing arrangement for one of the company ’ s foreign subsidiaries is agreed to by the foreign tax authority and an ongoing audit in one of the company ’ s foreign jurisdictions is settled .
the company files income tax returns in the u .
s .
and multiple foreign jurisdictions including various state and local jurisdictions .
the u .
s .
internal revenue service concluded its examinations of the company ’ s u .
s .
federal tax returns for all tax years through 2003 .
because of net operating losses the company ’ s u .
s .
federal returns for 2003 and later years will remain subject to examination until the losses are utilized .
the company is subject to income tax examinations in various foreign and u .
s .
state jurisdictions for the years 2014 and forward .
the company records potential interest and penalty expenses related to unrecognized income tax benefits within its global operations in income tax expense .
the company had $ 0 .
5 million and $ 0 .
9 million of accrued interest and penalties respectively at march 31 2019 and 2018 which are included as a component of income tax expense .
to the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax provision .

Question: What was the amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning of fiscal year in 2019?
Answer: 8,680
Name
Age
Position (s)
Garo H. Armen
67
Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors
Alexander K. Arrow
49
Chief Financial Officer
Robert B. Stein
69
Director
Khalil Barrage
55
Director
Brian J. Corvese
62
Director
Josh Silverman
49
Director
item 10 .
directors executive officers and corporate governance .
executive officers and directors .
the following sets forth certain information with respect to our executive officers and directors .
garo h .
armen phd executive chairman is one of our founders and joined us in september 2004 .
garo h .
armen is chairman and chief executive officer of agenus inc .
a biotechnology company he co-founded in 1994 .
from mid-2002 through 2004 he also served as chairman of the board of the biopharmaceutical company elan corporation plc which he successfully restructured .
prior to agenus inc .
dr .
armen established armen partners a money management firm specializing in biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies and was the architect of the widely publicized creation of the immunex lederle oncology business in 1993 .
earlier he was a senior vice president of research at dean witter reynolds having begun his career on wall street as an analyst and investment banker at ef hutton .
in 2002 dr .
armen founded the children of armenia fund a nonprofit organization dedicated to significantly rebuilding and revitalizing impoverished rural armenian towns to provide immediate and sustainable benefits to children and youth .
he received the ellis island medal of honor in 2004 for his humanitarian efforts and received the sabin humanitarian award from the sabin vaccine institute in 2006 for his achievements in biotechnology and progressing medical research .
dr .
armen was also the ernst & young 2002 new york city biotechnology entrepreneur of the year and received a wings of hope award in 2005 from the melanoma research foundation for his ongoing commitment to the melanoma community .
dr .
armen received a phd in physical chemistry from the graduate center city university of new york after which he worked as a research fellow at brookhaven national laboratories in long island ny .
dr .
armen brings to our board a deep historical and practical knowledge of the business of the company and its technologies as well as years of expertise in the financial and biopharmaceutical arenas .

Question: Who is the oldest director within the company's Board of Directors?
Answer: Robert B. Stein
Years Ended December 31,
Years Ended December 31,
2019
2018
Revenues
ACI On Premise
$579,334
$576,755
ACI On Demand
678,960
433,025
Total revenue
$ 1,258,294
$ 1,009,780
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
ACI On Premise
$321,305
$323,902
ACI On Demand
66,501
12,015
Depreciation and amortization
(122,569 )
(97,350 )
Stock-based compensation expense
(36,763 )
(20,360 )
Corporate and unallocated expenses
(104,718 )
(92,296 )
Interest, net
(52,066 )
(30,388 )
Other, net
520
(3,724 )
Income before income taxes
$ 72,210
$ 91,799
Depreciation and amortization
ACI On Premise
$ 11,992
$ 11,634
ACI On Demand
34,395
31,541
Corporate
76,182
54,175
Total depreciation and amortization
$ 122,569
$ 97,350
Stock-based compensation expense
ACI On Premise
$ 7,651
$ 4,348
ACI On Demand
7,995
4,338
Corporate and other
21,117
11,674
Total stock-based compensation expense
$ 36,763
$ 20,360
the following is selected financial data for our reportable segments -in thousands : .
aci on premise segment adjusted ebitda decreased $ 2 .
6 million for the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 primarily due to a $ 5 .
2 million increase in cash operating expense partially offset by a $ 2 .
6 million increase in revenue .
aci on demand segment adjusted ebitda increased $ 54 .
5 million for the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 of which $ 46 .
4 million was due to the acquisition of speedpay .
excluding the impact of the acquisition of speedpay aci on demand segment adjusted ebitda increased $ 8 .
1 million primarily due to a $ 18 .
3 million increase in revenue partially offset by a $ 10 .
2 million increase in cash operating expense .

Question: What was the percentage change in segment adjusted EBITDA ACI on Premise between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -0.8
CASH FLOW SUMMARY
2019 $’000
2018 $’000 RESTATED
CHANGE
Net cash provided  from operating  activities
4,709
8,790
46%
Net cash used in  investing activities
(12,337)
(20,092)
(39%)
Net cash used in financing activities
(3,471)
(36,014)
(90%)
Net change in cash and cash equivalent
(11,099)
(47,316)
(77%)
financial position and cash flow .
capital expenditure and cash flow .
net operating cash inflow was $ 4709000 which was $ 4081000 lower than last year .
the reduction in operating revenue was offset by lower operational costs .
however net cash was impacted by the increase in trail to upfront revenue mix .
in addition as a result of the loss position reported for fy18 the group received a net tax refund of $ 2327000 during the year compared to the prior year net tax paid of $ 172000 .
net investing cash outflows for the year was $ 12337000 .
the $ 7755000 decrease in spend in investing activities relates to the group ’ s controlling interest acquisition of imoney in december 2017 .
net financing cash outflows for the 2019 year totalled $ 3471000 .
this included $ 2839000 lease payments and $ 497000 interest expense related to leases .
the material decrease against the prior year comparative period relates to $ 32918000 paid in share buy-backs and dividends in the prior period .

Question: What is the percentage change in the net cash provided from investing activities?
Answer: (39%)
Years ended December 31
Years ended December 31
Years ended December 31
2019 vs 2018
2018 vs 2017
2019
2018
2017
% Change
% Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
(in thousands, except percentages)
Gross profit
$ 865,643
$ 596,267
$ 380,253
45.2 %
56.8 %
Percentage of total revenues
54.9 %
55.6 %
56.5 %
gross profit .
gross profit increased $ 269 .
4 million or 45 .
2 % for the year ended december 31 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 .
as a percentage of total revenues gross profit decreased from 55 .
6 % in the year ended december 31 2018 to 54 .
9 % in the year ended december 31 2019 due to shopify payments representing a larger percentage of total revenue and an increase in amortization of technology related to the 6rs acquisition as well as other platform enhancements .
this was partly offset by lower third-party infrastructure and hosting costs and employee-related costs as a percentage of revenues as well as the relative growth of higher-margin merchant solutions products namely shopify capital and referral fees from partners .
gross profit increased $ 216 .
0 million or 56 .
8 % for the year ended december 31 2018 compared to the same period in 2017 .
as a percentage of total revenues gross profit decreased from 56 .
5 % in the year ended december 31 2017 to 55 .
6 % in the year ended december 31 2018 due to shopify payments representing a larger percentage of total revenue increasing the functionality and flexibility of our hosting infrastructure and higher product costs associated with expanding our product offerings .
this was partly offset by the relative growth of higher-margin merchant solutions products namely referral fees from partners shopify capital and shopify shipping .

Question: Between year ended 2017 and 2018, which year had higher gross profit?
Answer: 2018
Product Category 
Fiscal Year 2019
Fiscal Year 2018 
Fiscal Year 2017
Fresh, vacuum-sealed chicken
$1,310.2
$1,139.3
$1,339.1
Fresh, chill-packed chicken
1,137.7
1,158.3
1,044.7
Fresh, ice-packed chicken 
511.5
503.6
547.1
Prepared chicken 
240.8
207.6
170.8
Frozen chicken 
213.0
211.5
223.9
Other 
27.1
15.7
16.6
Total net sales 
$3,440.3
$3,236.0
$3,342.2
2 .
disaggregation of revenue .
the following table disaggregates our net sales by product category -in millions : .

Question: What is the change in value of frozen chicken between fiscal year 2019 and 2018?
Answer: 1.5
increase (decrease)
Change between Fiscal increase (decrease)
Change between Fiscal increase (decrease)
(In thousands)
2019 and 2018
2018 and 2017
Payroll and payroll-related benefits
$(48)
$48,717
Commissions
(6,588)
16,993
Contract labour and consulting
(871)
609
Share-based compensation
(752)
(454)
Travel and communication
(1,113)
271
Marketing expenses
(5,742)
3,880
Facilities
808
8,373
Bad debt expense
3,519
4,013
Other miscellaneous
(319)
2,285
Total change in sales and marketing expenses
$(11,106)
$84,687
sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses and costs associated with advertising marketing events and trade shows .
sales and marketing expenses decreased by $ 11 .
1 million during the year ended june 30 2019 as compared to the prior fiscal year .
this was primarily due to -i a decrease in commissions expense of $ 6 .
6 million of which approximately $ 8 .
9 million is the net result of the company capitalizing more commission expense under topic 606 whereas previously under topic 605 such costs would have been expensed as incurred -ii a decrease in marketing expenses of $ 5 .
7 million and -iii a decrease in travel and communication expenses of $ 1 .
1 million .
these were partially offset by -i an increase in bad debt expense of $ 3 .
5 million as certain low dollar receivables were provided for entirely as they became aged greater than one year .
overall our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues decreased to approximately 18 % from approximately 19 % in the prior fiscal year .
our sales and marketing labour resources increased by 103 employees from 1948 employees at june 30 2018 to 2051 employees at june 30 2019 .

Question: What is the Total decrease in sales and marketing expenses from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 11,106
Fiscal Years Ended March 31,
Fiscal Years Ended March 31,
Fiscal Years Ended March 31,
2019
2018
2017
Net sales (1)
$1,382,818
$1,200,181
$757,338
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales (1)
924,276
860,744
571,944
Selling, general and administrative expenses
202,642
173,620
107,658
Research and development (1)
44,612
39,114
26,693
Restructuring charges
8,779
14,843
5,404
(Gain) loss on write down and disposal of long-lived assets
1,660
(992)
10,671
Total operating costs and expenses
1,181,969
1,087,329
722,370
Operating income (1)
200,849
112,852
34,968
Non-operating (income) expense:
Interest income
(2,035)
(809)
(24)
Interest expense
21,239
32,882
39,755
Acquisition (gain) loss
—
(130,880)
—
Change in value of TOKIN options
—
—
(10,700)
Other (income) expense, net (1)
11,214
24,592
(3,871)
Income before income taxes and equity income (loss) from equity method investments (1)
170,431
187,067
9,808
Income tax expense (benefit) (1)
(39,460)
9,132
4,294
Income before equity income (loss) from equity method investments (1)
209,891
177,935
5,514
Equity income (loss) from equity method investments
(3,304)
76,192
41,643
Net income (1)
$206,587
$254,127
$47,157
results of operations .
historically revenues and earnings may or may not be representative of future operating results due to various economic and other factors .
the following table sets forth the consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated -amounts in thousands : .
-1 fiscal years ended march 31 2018 and 2017 adjusted due to the adoption of asc 606 .

Question: How many years did net other (income) expense exceed $10,000 thousand?
Answer: 2
Fiscal
Fiscal
Fiscal
2019
2018
2017
(in millions)
(in millions)
(in millions)
Notional U.S. federal income tax expense at the statutory rate (1)
$ 406
$ 551
$ 602
Adjustments to reconcile to the income tax expense (benefit):
U.S. state income tax benefit, net
(5)
(7)
(4)
Tax law changes
15
638
7
Tax credits
(22)
(8)
(8)
Non-U.S. net earnings(2)
(166)
(213)
(355)
Change in accrued income tax liabilities
(61)
13
24
Valuation allowance
(163)
33
(1)
Legal entity restructuring and intercompany transactions
3
(1,329)
(40)
Excess tax benefits from share-based payments
(8)
(24)
(40)
Other
(14)
2
(5)
Income tax expense (benefit)
$ (15)
$ (344)
$ 180
the reconciliation between u .
s .
federal income taxes at the statutory rate and income tax expense -benefit was as follows : .
-1 the u .
s .
federal statutory rate was 21 % for fiscal 2019 24 .
58 % for fiscal 2018 and 35 % for fiscal 2017 .
-2 excludes items which are separately presented .
the income tax benefit for fiscal 2019 included a $ 216 million income tax benefit related to the tax impacts of certain measures of the switzerland federal act on tax reform and ahv financing - “ swiss tax reform ” a $ 90 million income tax benefit related to the effective settlement of a tax audit in a non-u .
s .
jurisdiction and $ 15 million of income tax expense associated with the tax impacts of certain legal entity restructurings and intercompany transactions .
see “ swiss tax reform ” below for additional information regarding swiss tax reform .
the income tax benefit for fiscal 2018 included a $ 1222 million net income tax benefit associated with the tax impacts of certain legal entity restructurings and intercompany transactions that occurred in the quarter ended september 28 2018 .
the net income tax benefit of $ 1222 million related primarily to the recognition of certain non-u .
s .
loss carryforwards and basis differences in subsidiaries expected to be utilized against future taxable income partially offset by a $ 46 million increase in the valuation allowance for certain u .
s .
federal tax credit carryforwards .
the income tax benefit for fiscal 2018 also included $ 567 million of income tax expense related to the tax impacts of the tax cuts and jobs act -the “ act ” and a $ 61 million net income tax benefit related to the tax impacts of certain legal entity restructurings that occurred in the quarter ended december 29 2017 .
see “ tax cuts and jobs act ” below for additional information regarding the act .
the income tax expense for fiscal 2017 included a $ 52 million income tax benefit associated with the tax impacts of certain intercompany transactions and the corresponding reduction in the valuation allowance for u .
s .
tax loss carryforwards a $ 40 million income tax benefit related to share-based payments and the adoption of asu no .
2016-09 and a $ 14 million income tax benefit associated with pre-separation tax matters .

Question: In which years was the income tax expense (benefit) calculated for?
Answer: 2019 2018 2017
USDm
2019
2018
Partners and commercial managements
0.5
1.2
Accrued operating expenses
14.1
9.1
Accrued interest
4.0
4.6
Wages and social expenses
14.3
16.1
Derivative financial instruments
12.3
3.4
Payables to joint ventures
0.1
0.1
Other
2.0
2.0
Balance as of 31 December
47.3
36.5
note 14 – other liabilities .
the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value due to the short-term nature of the receivables .
please refer to note 21 for further information on fair value hierarchies .

Question: What was the percentage change in the Balance as of 31 December from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 29.59