Before revision:  To this aim, we derive an exact firing rate model that describes the collective dynamics of the QIF network in a unified framework valid for both electrical and chemical coupling. Networks with instantaneous chemical synapsesdisplay a well-known bifurcation scenario characterized by a codimension-2 Cusp point and , thus, by the presence of persistent asynchronous states for strong  excitatory coupling.
After revision:  To this aim, we derive an exact firing rate model reveals a well-established bifurcation scenario for networks with chemical synapses, characterized by a codimension-2 Cusp point and , thus, by the presence of persistent asynchronous states for strong excitatory coupling.