Before revision:   We anticipate that this research has the potential for healthcare practitioners to improve the current prescribing practice of opioids , thereby curbing the increasing rate of opioid addiction  .
After revision:  Moreover, alongside the higher predictive accuracy, the proposed framework is capable of extracting some risk factors that will add significant knowledge to what is already known in the extant literature. We anticipate that this research has the potential for healthcare practitioners to improve the current prescribing practice of opioids , thereby curbing the increasing rate of opioid addiction .