Before revision: The relationship between the characteristic impedance, Z0, input impedance, Zin and load impedance, ZL is: Applications 350px|The lumped element low-pass filter (top) can be converted to a design that eliminates the inductors and contains capacitors only by the use of J-inverters, resulting in a mixed lumped element and distributed element design.
After revision: The relationship between the characteristic impedance, Z0, input impedance, Zin and load impedance, ZL is: Applications 350px|The lumped-element low-pass filter (top) can be converted to a design that eliminates the inductors and contains capacitors only by the use of J-inverters, resulting in a mixed lumped-element and distributed-element design.