Before revision: Single-payer contrasts with other funding mechanisms like ' multi-payer ' (multiple public and/or private sources), ' two-tiered ' (defined either as a public source with the option to use qualifying private coverage as a substitute, or as a public source for catastrophic care backed by private insurance for common medical care), and 'insurance mandate' (citizens are required to buy private insurance which meets a national standard and which is generally subsidized).
After revision: Single-payer contrasts with other funding mechanisms like " multi-payer " (multiple public and/or private sources), " two-tiered " (defined either as a public source with the option to use qualifying private coverage as a substitute, or as a public source for catastrophic care backed by private insurance for common medical care), and "insurance mandate" (citizens are required to buy private insurance which meets a national standard and which is generally subsidized).