Before revision:  The reflection coefficients ( \sigma ) of neutral molecules are mainly decided by their relative size with AQPs, and increase with a third power up to a constant value 1. This model also indicated that the reflection coefficient of a complete impermeable solute can be smaller than 1.
After revision:  The reflection coefficients ( \sigma This work presents a modified Kedem-Katchalsky equations for osmosis through nano-pore. osmotic reflection coefficient of a complete impermeable solute can be smaller than 1.