Before revision: Hazard assessment A 2013 study published in The New England Journal of Medicine estimated the following crash or near-crash risks among novice drivers: Activity Odds Ratio Calling on a phone 8.3 Reaching for a phone 7.1 Sending or receiving text messages 3.9 Reaching for an object other than a phone 8.0 Looking at a roadside object ( Rubbernecking ) 3.9 Eating 3.0 Interaction with radio (or head unit) 1.0 + Cell phone crash events according to Dingus et al.
After revision: Hazard assessment A 2013 study published in The New England Journal of Medicine estimated the following crash or near-crash risks among novice drivers: Activity Odds ratio Calling on a phone 8.3 Reaching for a phone 7.1 Sending or receiving text messages 3.9 Reaching for an object other than a phone 8.0 Looking at a roadside object ( rubberneckingmultiples of ) 3.9 Eating 3.0 Interaction with radio (or head unit) 1.0 + Cell phone crash events according to Dingus et al.