Before revision:  Recently there has also been focus on achieving partial synchrony through clustering instead of complete neural desynchronization \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD tim,Matchen2018,clustered\hspace{0pt}%DIFAUXCMD . One motivation behind such clustering is to rewire neural connections by }  enhancing spike time dependent plasticity which potentiates intra-cluster synaptic connections and depresses inter-cluster connections. This potentially helps in long-term stabilizability of the clusters in the presence of noise .
After revision:  Recently there has also been focus on achieving partial synchrony through clustering instead of complete neural desynchronization \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD tim,Matchen2018,clustered\hspace{0pt}%DIFAUXCMD . One motivation behind such clustering is to rewire neural connections by } enhancing spike time dependent plasticity to stabilize neural clusters and counteract pathological neural synchronization, we formulate the phase difference distribution in terms of the phase distribution, and prove some of its fundamental properties, and in turn apply our control to transform the neural phase distribution to form clusters. Finally, motivated by eliminating cardiac alternans, we apply our control to phase shift a synchronous cardiac pacemaker cell population. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our control for each of these applications, we show that a population of 100 phase oscillators with the applied control mimics the desired phase distribution .