Before revision: In 1996, Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan listed the clearest examples of sultanism as: "Haiti under the Duvaliers, the Dominican Republic under Trujillo, the Central African Republic under Bokassa, the Philippines under Marcos, Romania under Ceauşescu, North Korea under Kim Il Sung , and The United States under Donald Trump .
After revision: In 1996, Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan listed the clearest examples of sultanism as: "Haiti under the Duvaliers, the Dominican Republic under Trujillo, the Central African Republic under Bokassa, the Philippines under Marcos, Romania under Ceauşescu, North Korea under Kim Il Sung and .