Before revision: A physical cognitive city differs from conventional cities and smart cities in the fact that it is steadily learning through constant interaction with its citizens through advanced information and communications technologies (ICT) based ICT standards and that, based on this exchange of information, it becomes continuously more efficient, more sustainable and more resilient.D ’ Onofrio, S., Portmann, E.(in print): Cognitive Computing in Smart Cities, Informatik Spektrum, “ Special Issue Smart Cities ” , Heidelberg, Deutschland: Springer, 2016.Mostashari, A, Arnold, F., Mansouri, M., Finger, M.: Cognitive Cities and Intelligent Urban Governance.
After revision: A physical cognitive city differs from conventional cities and smart cities in the fact that it is steadily learning through constant interaction with its citizens through advanced information and communications technologies (ICT) based ICT standards and that, based on this exchange of information, it becomes continuously more efficient, more sustainable and more resilient.D ' Onofrio, S., Portmann, E.(in print): Cognitive Computing in Smart Cities, Informatik Spektrum, " Special Issue Smart Cities " , Heidelberg, Deutschland: Springer, 2016.Mostashari, A, Arnold, F., Mansouri, M., Finger, M.: Cognitive Cities and Intelligent Urban Governance.