Before revision: upright=1.35|British (upper) and German (lower) frontline trenches, 1916 German soldiers of the 11th Reserve Hussar Regiment fighting from a trench, on the Western Front, 1916 Plan of Ruapekapeka Pā , an elaborate and heavily fortified Ngāpuhi innovation, which James Belich has argued laid the groundwork for or essentially invented modern trench warfare.
After revision: 1846upright=1.35|British (upper) and German (lower) frontline trenches, 1916 German soldiers of the 11th Reserve Hussar Regiment fighting from a trench, on the Western Front, 1916 Plan of Ruapekapeka Pā , an elaborate and heavily fortified Ngāpuhi innovation, which James Belich has argued laid the groundwork for or essentially invented modern trench warfare.