Before revision: Causes Bupivacaine, lidocaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are all toxic to cartilage and their intra-articular infusions can lead to this toxic effect.
After revision: Signs and symptomsCauses Bupivacaine, lidocaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are all toxic to cartilage and their intra-articular infusions can lead to this toxic effect.