Before revision: Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is a manufacturing process, used to reduce the porosity of metals and increase the density of many materials including nickel, cobalt, tungsten, titanium, molybdenum, aluminium, copper and iron based alloys; oxide and nitride ceramics; glasses; intermetallics; and premium plastics .
After revision: Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is a manufacturing process, used to reduce the porosity of metals and increase the density of many ceramic materialstheorized in the 1970s, .