Before revision:  Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, each species of which is "charged" with a specific amino acid, enters the ribosome and participates in the reading of the codon by the ribosome. Both mis-reading of mRNA codon and prior mis-charging of a tRNA can lead to "mis-sense" error, i. e,. erroneous substitution of a correct amino acid monomer by an incorrect one during the synthesis of a protein.
After revision:  We develop a stochastic kinetic model that captures the possibilities of mis-reading of mRNA codon and prior mis-charging of a tRNA can lead to "mis-sense" error, i. e,. erroneous substitution of a correct amino acid monomer by an incorrect one during the synthesis of a protein.