Before revision: Mamluk emir Aqqush al-Afram was an ethnic Circassian and began his career as a mamluk (slave soldier) of Sultan Qalawun () in the Mansuriyya corps.
After revision: enslaved via the Black Sea slave tradeMamluk emir Aqqush al-Afram was an ethnic Circassian and began his career as a mamluk (slave soldier) of Sultan Qalawun () in the Mansuriyya corps.