Before revision: The validity of individual test scores may be threatened when the examinee's answers are governed by factors other than the psychological trait of interest - factors can range from something as benign as the examinee dozing off to concerted fraud efforts.
After revision: thatThe validity of individual test scores may be threatened when the examinee's answers are governed by factors other than the psychological trait of interest - factors can range from something as benign as the examinee dozing off to concerted fraud efforts.