Before revision: Political opinions and racial bias The self-licensing effect was examined by Monin and Miller in a 2001 study which demonstrated that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons , they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.
After revision: Political opinions and racial preference The self-licensing effect was examined by Monin and Miller in a 2001 study which demonstrated that when Princeton undergraduates established " non-prejudiced " credentials , they were more willing to express "prejudiced-sounding" opinions to an audience—even knowing the audience was unaware of their credentials.