Before revision:  We therefore discuss the role of p-values and statistical fit for this policy problem while considering the fairness of the risk adjustment algorithm for vulnerable groups. Enrollees with mental health and substance use disorders have been found to be subject to the adverse incentives noted above. We apply our ideas to this vulnerable group with a group-level net compensation metricof the incentives to health plans to underprovide services .
After revision:  We therefore discuss the role of p-values and statistical fit for this policy problem through an illustrated example by additionally considering a group-level net compensation metricof the incentives to health plans to underprovide services .