Before revision: Surrogate endpoints are trial endpoints that outcomes that substitute a clinical endpoint, often because studying the clinical endpoint is difficult, for example using an increase in blood pressure as a surrogate for death by cardiovascular disease, where strong evidence of a causal link exists.
After revision: haveforSurrogate endpoints are trial endpoints that outcomes that substitute a clinical endpoint, often because studying the clinical endpoint is difficult, for example using an increase in blood pressure as a surrogate for death by cardiovascular disease, where strong evidence of a causal link exists.