Before revision: Governments require regional or national lockdowns in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19, which causes large economic stagnation in wide areas because the declines of the lockdowns diffuse to other regions through supply chains.
After revision: Governments require regional or national lockdowns in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19, governments have often required regional or national lockdowns, which have caused extensive economic stagnation over broad areas as the shock of the lockdowns diffuse to other regions through supply chains.