Before revision: The creation and annihilation of money and its economic effects are reviewed. Economic values appear "in the mind" of the market participants; e. g., by pretending, maintaining and achieving a particular price for a certain asset. Upon its creation by banks, this kind of " value phantasy " is converted into " real money " often in terms of buyer's debtaccompanied by a simultaneous payment of fiat money to the seller.
After revision: General options for monetary systems, in particular the creation of fiat money, as well as its appropriation in various setups is discussed. We identify private banks as the main source of money through monetization. The asset value is inevitably determined by subjective beliefs and fantasies loosely bound by market constraints. One may imagine such a monetary system as being " value phantasy " is converted into " real money " often in terms of buyer's debtaccompanied by a simultaneous payment of fiat money to the seller.