Before revision:  To further characterize the dynamics we consider the full spectrum of Lyapunov exponents and the related covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs) , which indicate the directions in which infinitesimal perturbations grow or shrink with a rate given by the Lyapunov exponents .
After revision:  To further characterize the dynamics we consider the full spectrum of Lyapunov exponents (LEs) and the covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs) , which indicate the directions in which infinitesimal perturbations grow or shrink with a rate given by the Lyapunov exponents .