Before revision:  The data-driven nature of machine learning technique enabled a reliable estimate of the personality-safety behaviour relationship, which allowed this study to provide novel insight that nonlinearity may exist in the relationship between construction workers' personality traits and safety behaviour. The developed model is found to be sufficient to have satisfactory accuracy in explaining and predicting workers' safety behaviour. This finding provides the empirical evidence to support the usefulness of personality traits as effective predictors of people's safety behaviour at work. In addition, this study could have practical implications.
After revision:  The data-driven nature of machine learning technique enabled a reliable estimate of the personality-safety behaviour relationship, which allowed this study to provide novel insight that nonlinearity may exist in the relationship . This research has practical implications.