Before revision: Overview The adoption of this distinction in a computer architecture, usually means that protection is provided as a fault tolerance mechanism by hardware/firmware and kernel , whereas the operating system and applications implement their security policies.
After revision: Overview The adoption of this distinction in a computer architecture, usually means that protection is provided as a fault tolerance mechanism by Electronic hardware|hardware firmware and Kernel (computer science)|kerneProcess (computing)| , whereas the operating system and applications implement their security policies.