Before revision: upright=1.5|Areas of Africa controlled by seven Western European colonial empires in 1913, shown with current national boundaries: The Scramble for Africa was the conquest and colonisation of most of Africa by seven Western European powers driven by the Second Industrial Revolution during the era of "New Imperialism" (1833–1914): Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
After revision: upright=1.5|Areas of Africa colonized by seven Western European colonial empires in 1913, shown with current national boundaries: The Scramble for Africa was the conquest and colonisation of most of Africa by seven Western European powers driven by the Second Industrial Revolution during the era of "New Imperialism" (1833–1914): Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.