Before revision: with,,,,,where is the crack length, is a characteristic length (e.g.
After revision: Castillo-Canteli-Siegele Model In 2014, Castillo, Canteli, and Siegele (CCS) proposed a fatigue crack propagation model to describe the fatigue crack propagation rates based on the cumulative distribution function – statistical Gumbel distribution – given bywith,,,,,where is the crack length, is a characteristic length (e.g.