Before revision: The project found that the expected annual benefits of the Physical Internet, if adopted in the U.S., would be: a reduction in costs of over 100B, a reduction in CO2 emissions of over 200 Tg, and a reduction in driver turnover of up to 75%DIF < .Meller, Russell D., Ellis, Kimberly P. "From Horizontal Collaboration to the Physical Internet: Quantifying the Effects on Sustainability and Profits When Shifting to Interconnected Logistics Systems","CELDi Physical Internet Project"
After revision: The first phase report was published in 2012.