Before revision: Other adverse effects, such as depression, anxiety, elevated risks of suicide, and increased risks of physical abuse, have also been consistently linked to the use of corporal punishment, including mild forms of corporal punishment such as spanking without a object by parents.
After revision: at buttocks or extremitiesOther adverse effects, such as depression, anxiety, elevated risks of suicide, and increased risks of physical abuse, have also been consistently linked to the use of corporal punishment, including mild forms of corporal punishment such as spanking without a object by parents.