Before revision:  We next prove that only non-equilibrium systems can lift this trade-off : They can integrate the receptor state over time while suppressing the intrinsic noise by using energy to store the receptor state into stable modification states of the readout molecules. We explicitly calculate the resources required for a canonical signaling motif, a push-pull network .
After revision:  We next prove that only non-equilibrium systems can lift this trade-off : They can integrate the receptor state over time while suppressing the intrinsic noise by using energy to store the receptor state into stable modification states of downstream molecules. As we quantify for a push-pull network .