Before revision: Unlike empathy, personal distress does not have to be congruent with the other's state, and often leads to a self-oriented, egoistic reaction to reduce it, by withdrawing from the stressor, for example, thereby decreasing the likelihood of prosocial behavior.Tice, D.M., Bratslavsky, E., & Baumeister, R.F.
After revision: ballllllzzUnlike empathy, personal distress does not have to be congruent with the other's state, and often leads to a self-oriented, egoistic reaction to reduce it, by withdrawing from the stressor, for example, thereby decreasing the likelihood of prosocial behavior.Tice, D.M., Bratslavsky, E., & Baumeister, R.F.