Before revision: However, many changes are discontinuous due to sudden interventions, such as city lockdown and opening of field hospitals . To model the discontinuities, this study introduces the tool of total variationregularization , which regulates the temporal changes of the dynamic parameters, such as the transmission rate.
After revision: However, many changes are discontinuous due to sudden interventions, such as city lockdown and opening of field hospitals , and the mutation of the virus, whose effect should be instant. To achieve this, we balance the model's likelihood by total variation , which regulates the temporal changes of the dynamic parameters, such as the transmission rate.