Before revision:  The ONS\pm  's respective counts of 531,3432, and 6139 COVID-19-associated deaths are appreciably lower, implying that the ONS's counts underestimate rather than overestimate the true death toll. The Department of Health and Social Care's counts of in-hospital COVID-19-associated deaths over the same period are even lower, signalling more severe undercounting .
After revision:  The ONS\pm 's respective count of 18,757 death certificates which mention COVID-19, and the Department of Health and Social Care's counts of in-hospital COVID-19-associated deaths over the same period are even lower, signalling more severe undercounting .