Before revision: In reference to the 16th and 17th centuries, when globalization emerged, the term has been applied to a variety of states including: the empires of Portugal, Spain, and their Iberian Union, and later that of the Netherlands, all of them ventured out from Europe to establish colonies in the Americas, Africa and Asia; the Austrian Habsburgs in Europe , the Ottomans, Mughals and Safavids in the Middle East and Central Asia , and the Ming dynasty in the Far East.
After revision: In reference to the 16th and 17th centuries, when globalization emerged, the term has been applied to a variety of states including: the empires of Portugal, Spain, and their Iberian Union, and later that of the Netherlands, which all ventured out from Europe to establish colonies in the Americas; Africa and Asia; the Austrian Habsburgs in Europe ; the Ottomans, Mughals and Safavids in the Middle East and Central Asia , and the Ming dynasty in the Far East.