Before revision:  In our empirical study, we find that European countries overall flatten the curves more effectively compared to the other regions, while Asia & Oceania also achieve some success, but the situations are not as optimistic as in Europe . Africa and America are still facing serious challenges in terms of managing the spread of the virus  and reducing the death rate .
After revision:  In our empirical study, we find that European countries overall flatten the curves more effectively compared to the other regions, while Asia & Oceania also achieve some success, but the situations are not as optimistic as in Europe . Africa and America are still facing serious challenges in terms of managing the spread of the virus , and reducing the death rate .