Before revision: Locations Downwelling occurs in polar regions where ice formation causes the remaining water to become saltier and therefore denser, in the subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic where several surface currents meet, and where cold waters meet warmer waters, such as along the outermost boundary of the Southern Ocean where cold Antarctic water sinks below warmer South Pacific and South Atlantic waters.
After revision: Association with other ocean features Downwelling occurs in polar regions where ice formation causes the remaining water to become saltier and therefore denser, in the subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic where several surface currents meet, and where cold waters meet warmer waters, such as along the outermost boundary of the Southern Ocean where cold Antarctic water sinks below warmer South Pacific and South Atlantic waters.