Before revision:  Here, we first address this theoretically, proving rigorously thatindeed the optimal prediction and inference of randomly but continuously transforming environments, a common natural setting, relies on adaptivity through short-term spike-timing dependent plasticity, a hallmark of biological neural networks.
After revision:  Here, we prove rigorously that, indeed, the Bayes-optimal prediction and inference of randomly but continuously transforming environments, a common natural setting, relies on adaptivity through short-term spike-timing dependent plasticity, a hallmark of biological neural networks.