Ali Al’amin Mazrui

Ali Al’amin Mazrui (24. helmikuuta 1933 Mombasa, Kenian siirtomaa ja protektoraatti – 12. lokakuuta 2014 New Yorkin osavaltio, Yhdysvallat) oli kenialainen filosofi, kirjailija ja toimittaja, joka tarkasteli muun muassa islamilaista kulttuuria ja kulttuurien välistä (monikulttuurista) vuoropuhelua. Afrikan filosofisena voimavarana oli hänen mukaansa Kolmen kulttuurin perintö: afrikkalainen ajattelu, islamilaisuus ja eurooppalainen filosofia. Mazruin tutkimusaiheita olivat Afrikan politiikka, kansainvälinen poliittinen kulttuuri, poliittinen islam, pohjoisen ja etelän suhteet sekä globaalinen syrjintä. Hän kirjoitti yli 20 kirjaa ja satoja artikkeleja tieteellisiin julkaisuihin. Hän kuului yli 20 tieteellisen julkaisun toimituskuntiin. Mazrui kävi koulunsa Mombasassa, Keniassa ja opiskeli Englannissa sekä väitteli (DPhil) Oxfordissa vuonna 1966. Mazrui toimi Makereren yliopistossa Kampalassa, Ugandassa muun muassa valtiotieteellisen tiedekunnan dekaanina. Hänelle tuli pakkomuutto vuonna 1973 Idi Aminin noustua valtaan. Vuodesta 1974 Mazrui toimi Michiganin yliopiston professorina ja nimitettiin Center for Afroamerican and African Studies johtajaksi (1978–1981). Vuodesta 1989 Mazrui toimi New Yorkin valtion yliopiston Albert Schweitzer -oppituolin professorina. Mazrui nimettiin yhdeksi aikansa sadasta globaalista vaikuttajasta Prospect ja Foreign Policy -lehtien lukijakyselyssä vuonna 2005 (The 2005 Global Intellectuals Pol). == Kolmen kulttuurin perintö == Mazrui tuli tunnetuksi afrikkalaisen sosialismin ja marxismin kriitikkona 1960- ja 1970-luvuilla. Hänen mukaansa kommunismi oli tuontitavaraa Afrikassa siinä missä muutkin Euroopasta tuodut talousmallit. Hänen mukaansa perinteinen afrikkalainen liberalismi toimii maanosassa paremmin kuin uudet eurooppalaiset aatteet. Hän ei kuitenkaan hylännyt muita kulttuurivaikutteita. Islamilaisuudesta ja eurooppalaisuudesta pitää ottaa se mikä niissä on rakentavaa. Tätä ajatusta kolmen kulttuurin perinnöstä hän perusteli laajasti televisiosarjassa ja kirjassaan The Africans: A Triple Heritage. Samaan aikaan hän oli myös nykyisen maailmanjärjestyksen kriitikko. Kapitalismi järjestelmänä riistää Afrikkaa eikä länsi noudata omia liberaaleja periaatteitaan. Mazrui tuli tunnetuksi myös islamin ja islamismin kriitikkona. Hän näki lännen puuttumisen kehitysmaiden asioihin kuten osallistumisen Irakin sotaan johtavan fanaattiseen islamilaiseen isänmaallisuuteen. Mazruin mukaan perinteiseen afrikkalaiseen ajatteluun ei kuulu terrorismi ja väkivalta, mutta islam on antanut afrikkalaisille imperialismin vastaisia malleja. Hän ei nähnyt šariaa periaatteessa länsimaisen demokratian vastaisena, vaikka siitä on nyt myös Somaliassa tullut fanaattisen islamistin ase. Hän oli myös Israelin kriitikko, joka näki Israelin menestyksen ja tuotantovoimien tehokkuuden johtuvan eurooppalaisen kulttuurin vaikutuksesta. Hän osoitti jo ennen Jimmy Carteria Israelin palestiinalaiskysymyksen ja Etelä-Afrikan apartheidin samankaltaisuuden. Rotuerottelun toivat Afrikkaan eurooppalaiset. Orjuuskaan ei Afrikassa ole perustunut rotuun, vaan orja on yhtä hyvin voinut olla valkoinen, aasialainen tai musta. Mazruin mukaan afrikkalaiseen ajatteluun kuuluu laajempi suvaitsevaisuus kuin eurooppalaiseen. Muukalaiset ja heidän uskontonsa ovat olleet tervetulleita Afrikkaan. Myöskään naisten osaamista ei ole kyseenalaistettu Afrikassa. Naiset ovat olleet Afrikassa johtotehtävissä siinä missä miehet jo kauan ennen kuin Euroopassa tulivat naiset ministereiksi. Mazrui tuotti filosofista ajatteluaan valottavan televisiosarjan The Africans: A Triple Heritage yhdessä BBC:n, WETA-TV:n (Washington) ja Nigerian television kanssa. Televisiosarjaan liittyi myös kirja The Africans: A Triple Heritage, jonka julkaisivat BBC Publications ja Little, Brown and Company yhdessä. == Kansainvälinen vaikuttaja == Mazrui työskenteli professorina, luennoitsijana ja asiantuntijana useissa yliopistoissa. Hän toimi Albert Luthuli -oppituolin professorina Josin yliopistossa Nigeriassa, Andrew D. White -oppituolin professorina Cornellin yliopistossa ja kanslerina Kenyatta yliopistossa, Nairobissa, Keniassa. Vuonna 1999 Mazrui jäi eläkkeelle Walter Rodney -oppituolin professuurista Guyanan yliopistosta, Georgetownissa. Mazrui toimi vierailevana luennoitsijana Stanfordin yliopistossa, Chicagon yliopistossa, Colgaten yliopistossa, McGill- yliopistossa, Singaporen kansallisessa yliopistossa, Oxfordin yliopistossa, Harvardin yliopistossa, Ohion osavaltionyliopistossa ja muissa laitoksissa muun muassa Kairossa, Australiassa, Leedsissä, Nairobissa, Teheranissa, Denverissä, Lontoossa, Bagdadissa ja Sussexissa. lisäksi Mazrui toimi African Studies Associationin (USA) puheenjohtajana ja Maailmanpankin erityisasiantuntijana. == Mediassa == * Tulossa Motherland elokuva 2009, jonka on ohjannut Owen Alik Shahadah. Elokuvassa haastatellaan Afrikan mantereen tärkeimpiä intellektuelleja * Toimittaja Almin M. Mazrui and Willy M. Mutunga eds. Race, Gender, and Culture Conflict: Mazrui and His Critics Trenton, New Jersey: African World Press, 2004 * Toimittaja Almin M. Mazrui and Willy M. Mutunga eds. Goverance and Leadership:Debating the African Condition Trenton, New Jersey: African World Press, 2003 * Toimittaja “A History Denied” -osassa televisiosarjaa Lost Civilizations (NBC and Time-Life, 1996), U.S.A. * Toimittaja “The Bondage of Boundaries: Towards Redefining Africa”, artikkelissa The Economist in 150 juhlanumerossa (London) (September) Vol. 328, No. 7828, 1993. * Toimittaja “The Africans: A Triple Heritage” televisiosarjassa BBC:n, WETA-TV:n (Washington) ja Nigerian television kanssa, 1986. * Toimittaja "The African Condition", BBC Reith Radio luennot, 1979, ja kirja "The African Condition" (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980) * Kolumnisti The Nation (Nairobi), The Standard (Nairobi), The Monitor (Kampala), ja The City Press (Johannesburg). == Palkintoja == * Millennium Tribute for Outstanding Scholarship, House of Lords, Parliament Buildings, London, June 2000 * Special Award, the Association of Muslim Social Scientists (United Kingdom), honoring Mazrui for his contribution to the social sciences and Islamic studies, June 2000 * Icon of the Twentieth Century, Lincoln University, Pennsylvania, 1998 * Walter Rodney Professuuri, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana, 1998 * Icon of the Twentieth Century Award, Lincoln University, Pennsylvania, 1998 * DuBois-Garvey Award for Pan-African Unity, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, 1998 * Ibn-Khaldun professuuri, School of Islamic and Social Sciences, Leesburg, Virginia, 1997–2001 * Distinguished Faculty Achievement Award, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1988 * Andrew D. White Professor-at-Large, Cornell University, (1986–1992) == Bibliografia == * Islam in Africa's Experience, [Editor: Ali Mazrui, Patrick Dikirr, Robert Ostergard Jr., Michael Toler and Paul Macharia] (New Delhi: Sterling Paperbacks). 2008 * Euro-Jews And Afro- Arabs: The Great Semitic Divergence in History, [Editor: Seifudein Adem] (Washington DC: University of America Press). 2008 * The Politics of War and Culture of Violence, [Editor: Seifudein Adem and Abdul Bemath] (New Jersey: Africa world Press). 2008 * Globalization and Civilization: Are They Forces in Conflict?, [Editor: Ali Mazrui, Patrick Dikirr, Shalahudin Kafrawi] (New York: Global Academic Publications). 2008 * A Tale of Two Africas: Nigeria and South Africa as Contrasting Visions, [Editor: James N. Karioki] (London: Adonis & Abbey). 2006 * Islam: Between Globalization & Counter-terrorism, [Editors: Shalahudin Kafrawi, Alamin M. Mazrui and Ruzima Sebuharara] (Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press). 2006 * The African Predicament and the American Experience: A Tale of Two Edens, (Westport, CT and London: Praeger). 2004 * Black Reparations in the Era of Globalization, [with Alamin Mazrui (Binghamton: The Institute of Global Cultural Studies)]. 2002 * The Titan of Tanzania: Julius K. Nyerere’s Legacy, (Binghamton: The Institute of Global Cultural Studies). 2002 * Africa and Other Civilizations: Conquest and Counter-conquest, The Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui, Vol. 2, [Series Editor: Toyin Falola; Editors: Ricardo Rene Laremont & Fouad Kalouche] (Trenton , NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press). 2002 * Africanity Redefined, The Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui , Vol. 1, [Series Editor: Toyin Falola; Editors: Ricardo Rene Laremont & Tracia Leacock Seghatolislami] (Trenton , NJ and Asmara,Eritrea: Africa World Press). 2002 * Political Culture of Language: Swahili, Society and the State, [with Alamin M. Mazrui] (Binghamton: The Institute of Global Cultural Studies). 1999 * The African Diaspora: African Origins and New World Identities, [Co-editors Isidore Okpewho and Carole Boyce Davies] (Bloomington: Indiana University Press). 1999 * The Power of Babel: Language and Governance in the African Experience, [with Alamin M. Mazrui] (Oxford and Chicago: James Currey and University of Chicago Press). 1998 * Swahili, State and Society: The Political Economy of an African Language, [with Alamin M. Mazrui] (Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers). 1995 * Africa Since 1935: Vol. VIII of Unesco General History of Africa, [Editor,Asst. Ed. C. Wondji] (London: Heinemann and Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993). 1993 * Cultural Forces in World Politics, (London and Portsmouth, N.H: James Currey and Heinemann). 1990 * The Africans: A Triple Heritage, (New York: Little Brown and Co., and London: BBC). * The Africans: A Reader Senior Editor, [with T.K. Levine] (New York: Praeger). 1986 * Nationalism and New States in Africa: From About 1935 to the Present, [with Michael Tidy] (Heinemann Educational Books, London). 1984 * The African Condition: A Political Diagnosis, [The Reith Lectures] (London,Heinemann Educational Books and New York, Cambridge University Press). 1980 * The Warrior Tradition in Modern Africa, [Editor] (The Hague and Leiden, The Netherlands: E.J. Brill). 1978 * Political Values and the Educated Class in Africa, (London: Heinemann Educational Books and Berkeley, CA: University of California Press). 1978 * State of the Globe Report, 1977 (Edited and co- authored for World Order Models Project) 1977 * Africa's International Relations: The Diplomacy of Dependency and Change, (London: Heinemann Educational Books and Boulder: Westview Press). 1977 * A World Federation of Cultures: An African Perspective, (New York: Free Press). 1976 * Soldiers and Kinsmen in Uganda: The Making of a Military Ethnocracy, (Beverly Hills: Sage Publication and London). 1975 * The Political Sociology of the English Language: An African Perspective, (The Hague: Mouton Co.). 1975 * World Culture and the Black Experience, (Seattle: The University of Washington Press). 1973 * Africa in World Affairs: The Next Thirty Years, [Co-edited with Hasu Patel] (New York and London: The Third Press). 1973 * The Trial of Christopher Okigbo, [Novel] (London: Heinemann Educational Books and New York: The Third Press). 1971 * Cultural Engineering and Nation-Building in East Africa, (Evanston,Illinois: Northwestern University Press). 1971 * Protest and Power in Black Africa, [Co-edited with Robert I. Rotberg] (New York: Oxford University Press). 1970 * Violence and Thought: Essays on Social Tensions in Africa, (London and Harlow: Longman). 1969 * Towards a Pax Africana: A Study of Ideology and Ambition, (London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, and Chicago:University of Chicago Press). 1967 * On Heroes and Uhuru-Worship: Essays on Independent Africa, (London: Longman). 1967 * The Anglo-African Commonwealth: Political Friction and Cultural Fusion, (Oxford: Pergamon Press). 1967 == Mazruin filosofiasta == * Adam, Hussein M. “Kwame Nkrumah: Leninist Czar or Leninist Garvey?” in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. xi- xvii. * Annan, Kofi. “The Global African”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 339-340. * Anwar, Etin. “Mazrui and Gender: On the Question of Methodology”, in The Mazruiana Collection Revisited: Ali A. Mazrui debating the African condition. An annotated and select thematic bibliography 1962-2003 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa and New Dawn Press Group, 2005), pp 363-377. * Anyaoku, Emeka. “Foreword”, in The Mazruiana Collection Revisited: Ali A. Mazrui debating the African condition. An annotated and select thematic bibliography 1962-2003 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa and New Dawn Press Group, 2005), pp ix. * Avari, Burjor. “Recollections of Ali Mazrui as an Undergraduate”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 291-296. * Assensoh, A B. and Alex- Assensoh, Y M. “The Mazruiana Collection Revisited: An Introduction”, in The Mazruiana Collection Revisited: Ali A. Mazrui debating the African condition. An annotated and select thematic bibliography 1962-2003 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa and New Dawn Press Group, 2005), pp xxiii-xxviii. * Ayele, Negussay. “Mazruiana on Conflict and Violence in Africa”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 105-119. * Bakari, Mohamed. “Ali Mazrui’s Political Sociology of Language”, in Robert Ostergard, Ricardo Rene Laremont and Fouad Kalouche (eds.) Power, Politics, and the African Condition. Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui. Vol. 3. Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 2004, pp. 411-429. * Bemath, Abdul Samed. The Mazruiana Collection. A Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography of the Published Works of Ali A. Mazrui. 1st Edition (1998), 2nd Edition (2005). * Bemath, Abdul Samed. “In Search of Mazruiana”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 33-62. * Dunbar, Robert Ann.“ Culture, Religion, and Women’s Fate: Africa’s Triple Heritage and Ali Mazrui’s Writings on Gender and African Women”, in Robert Ostergard, Ricardo Rene Laremont and Fouad Kalouche (eds.) Power, Politics, and the African Condition. Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui, Vol. 3. Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 2004, pp. 431-452. * Elaigwu, Isawa J. “The Mazruiana Collection: An Academic Introduction”, in The Mazruiana Collection: A Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography of the Published Works of Ali A. Mazrui, 1962-1997 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Johannesburg, South Africa: Foundation for Global Dialogue, 1998), pp 1-8. * Falola, Toyin and Ricardo Rene Laremont. “Editors’ Note”, in Ricardo Rene Laremont and Tracia Leacock Seghatolislami (eds.) Africanity Redefined. Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui, Vol. 1. Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 2004, pp. vii- viii. * Frank, Diana. “Producing Ali Mazrui’s TV Series”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 297-307. * Gowon, Yakubu. “Foreword”, in The Mazruiana Collection: A Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography of the Published Works of Ali A. Mazrui, 1962-1997 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Johannesburg, South Africa: Foundation for Global Dialogue, 1998), pp vii- viii. * Harbeson, John W. “Culture, Freedom and Power in Mazruiana”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 23-35. * Juma, Laurence. “Mazrui's Perspectives on Conflict and Violence”, in Africa Quarterley: Indian Journal of African Affairs, Vol. 46. No. 3, (August-October 2006), pp. 22-33. * Kalouche, Fouad. “The Nexus of the Triple Heritage and the Call for Justice in the Scholarship of Ali Mazrui”, in Robert Ostergard, Ricardo Rene Laremont and Fouad Kalouche (eds.) Power, Politics, and the African Condition. Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui, Vol. 3. (Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 2004), pp. 453-463. *Kokole, Omari H. “Introduction”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. xxi-xxiii. * Kokole, Omari H. “The Master Essayist”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 3-22. * Kokole, Omari H. “Conclusion: The Master Essayist”, in The Mazruiana Collection: A Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography of the Published Works of Ali A. Mazrui, 1962-1997 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Johannesburg, South Africa: Foundation for Global Dialogue, 1998), pp 290-311. * Laremont, Ricardo Rene and Fouad Kalouche. “Editors’ Note”, in Ricardo Rene Laremont and Fouad Kalouche (eds.) Africa and Other Civilizations. Conquest and Counter-Conquest. The Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui, Vol. 2. Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 2002, pp. xi-x. * Makinda, Samuel M. “The Triple Heritage and Global Governance”, in The Mazruiana Collection Revisited: Ali A. Mazrui debating the African condition. An annotated and select thematic bibliography 1962-2003 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa and New Dawn Press Group, 2005), pp 354-362. * Mazrui, Alamin M. “The African Impact on American Higher Education: Ali Mazrui’s Contribution”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 3-22. * Mazrui, Alamin M. “Mazruiana and Global Language: Eurocentrism and African Counter-Penetration”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 155-172. * Mazrui, Alamin and Mutunga, Willy M., Race, Gender and Culture Conflict (Debating the African Condition : Ali Mazrui and His Critics) ( Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2003). * Morewedge, Parviz. “The Onyx Crescent: The Islamic/Africa Axis”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 121-149. * Mowoe, Isaac J. “Ali A. Mazrui – ‘The Lawyer’”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 145-155. * Nyang, Sulayman. “The Scholar’s Mansions”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 119-130. * Nyang, Sulayman S. “Ali A. Mazrui: The Man and His Works”, in The Mazruiana Collection: A Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography of the Published Works of Ali A. Mazrui, 1962-1997 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Johannesburg, South Africa: Foundation for Global Dialogue, 1998), pp 9-40. * Nyang, Sulayman S. “Postscript to Ali A. Mazrui: The Man and His Works”, in The Mazruiana Collection: A Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography of the Published Works of Ali A. Mazrui, 1962-1997 compiled by Abdul Samed Bemath (Johannesburg, South Africa: Foundation for Global Dialogue, 1998), pp 41-50. * Nyang, Sulayman S. Ali A. Mazrui and His Works Brunswick Pub. Co. 1981. * Ogundipe-Leslie, Molara. “Beyond Hearsay and Academic Journalism: The Black Woman and Ali Mazrui”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 249-258. * Okpewho, Isidore. “Introduction”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. xiii-xv. * Ostergard, Robert, Ricardo Rene Laremont and Fouad Kalouche. “Editors’ Note”, in Robert Ostergard, Ricardo Rene Laremont and Fouad Kalouche (eds.) Power, Politics, and the African Condition. Collected Essays of Ali A. Mazrui, Vol. 3. Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 2004, pp. xi-xiv. * Salem, Ahmed Ali. “The Islamic Heritage of Mazruiana”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 63-99. * Salim, Salim A. “Mazrui: The Teacher at 60”, Appendix 1 in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 337-338. * Sawere, Chaly. “The Multiple Mazrui: Scholar, Ideologue, Philosopher and Artist”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 269-289. * Seifudein Adem. “Social Constructivism in African Political Thought: Ali A. Mazrui’s Contributions”, paper presented at the 6th Seminar of the Special Project on Civil Society, State and Culture; 1 st July 2005, University of Tsukuba, Japan. * Seifudein Adem. “Ali A. Mazrui: A Postmodern Ibn Khaldun?”, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 127-145. * Seifudein Adem. Paradigm Lost, Paradigm Regained: The Worldview of Ali A. Mazrui, Provo, Utah: Global Humanities Press, 2002. * Seifudein Adem.Mazruiana and the New International Relations, paper prepared for presentation at the African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific, 4-6 October 2001, Melbourne, Australia. * Sklar, Richard L. “On the Concept of We Are All Americans”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 201-205. * Thomas, Darryl C. “From Pax Africana to Global Africa”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 77-103. * Thuynsma, Peter N. “On The Trial of Christopher Okigbo”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 185-200. * Ufumaka, Jr., Akeh-Ugah. “Who Is Afraid of Ali Mazrui? One Year in the Life of a Global Scholar”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 23-31. * Uwazurike, Chudi and Aba Sackeyfio. “One Year in the Life of Ali Mazrui”, in The Scholar Between Thought and Experience by Parviz Morewedge (Binghamton, NY: Institute of Global Cultural Studies, 2001), pp. 131-144. * Wai, Dunstan M. “Mazruiphilia, Mazruiphobia: Democracy, Governance and Development”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp.37-76. * Welch, Claude E. “Human Rights in Mazruiana”, in The Global African: A Portrait of Ali A. Mazrui edited by Omari Kokole (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998), pp. 173-184. == Lähteet == ==Aiheesta muualla== * UN jobs Kirjoituksia * Radio interview and transcript Ali Mazruin haastattelu 2009 * Ali Mazrui at IMDB Motherland-elokuvasta * From Slave Ship to Space Ship: African between Marginalization and Globalization Marginaalisaatiosta ja globalisaatiosta * Islamic and Western Values Islamin ja lännen arvoista 1997 * Pretender to Universalism: Western Culture in the Globalising Age Lännen kulttuuri globalisaation aikakautena – universalismin teeskentelyä * A marriage of two civilizations Kahden sivilisaation suhteista * Universalism, Global Apartheid, and Justice Globaali aparheid ja oikeudenmukaisuus * Annual Mazrui Newsletter no. 29 (2005) Katsaus Mazruin taustaan ja ajatteluun Luokka:Historioitsijat Luokka:Afrikkalaiset filosofit Luokka:Kenialaiset kirjailijat Luokka:Toimittajat Luokka:Professorit Luokka:Michiganin yliopiston professorit Luokka:Vuonna 1933 syntyneet Luokka:Vuonna 2014 kuolleet