EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
(A) qPCR analysis of proinflammatory cytokines Il-6, Tnfα, Il-1β and antiviral cytokine Ifnβ in WT cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons. Data were analyzed by unpaired t-test. Il-6 and Tnfα N=8; Ifnβ and Il-1β, N=6.
Cleavage of MALT1 substrates CYLD and BCL10 as analyzed by western blotting of lysates of ear tissue of mice four days after treatment with tamoxifen and MALT1 inhibitor or vehicle. Actin is shown as a loading control. Each lane represents one mouse.
esgts midguts expressing GFP alone (control), or expressing Ubr3-RNAi, and Ubr3-RNAi + OvoB. Samples were stained for GFP (green). H' quantification of GFP-positive cells from H.
(D) Number of putative enhancer regions per cell line. Bar depicts the mean. Diamonds represent individual numbers in each cell line and are color-coded according to cancer type
B. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) of IDM1 with IDAP1 or IDAP2 in transgenic plants. Transgenic plants expressing IDM1-HA-YFP and IDAP1-3Myc or IDAP2-3Flag under their native promoters and their F1 offspring were used for co-IP analysis. Input, total protein before IP.
(B) Analysis of protein-protein interactions between WRNIP1 and endogenous RAD51 in wild-type (shWRNIP1WT) or WRNIP1-mutant (shWRNIP1T294A) cells by in situ PLA assay. Cells were labelled with IdU for 24 h, washed and left to recover for 2 h, then treated or not with 4 mM HU. Antibodies raised against FLAG-Tag and RAD51 were used to reveal FLAG-WRNIP1 or endogenous RAD51 respectively. Each red spot represents a single interaction between WRNIP1 and RAD51. No spot has been revealed in cells stained with each single antibody (negative control). DNA was counterstained with DAPI (blue). Representative images of the PLA assay are shown. Graph shows the mean number of PLA spots per cell SE. Error bars represent standard error (ns, not significant; two-tailed Student's t test); n = 3.
B. GST-PfH3 or GST-PfH2A were incubated with increasing amounts of nuclear extracts, the reactions resolved using denaturing gel electrophoresis and analyzed by immunoblotting with anti-GST antibodies.
A, B 1 × 105 B16F10 melanoma cells were intravenously injected into C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) or Asm-deficient (Asm−/−) mice, and the number of lung metastases was determined after 14 days. The photographs (A) show two representative results. The graph (B) shows the mean ± SD number of pulmonary metastases in 15 WT and 14 Asm-deficient animals.
(a) Prp5-U2 co-immunoprecipitation (IP). Wild-type (lanes 1 and 2) and snR81Δ pus1Δ (lane 3) strains, each containing a FLAG-tagged PRP5 gene (indicated on the top), were used for anti-FLAG IP in the absence (lane 1) or presence (lanes 2 and 3) of ATP. The precipitated Prp5 (WT Prp5-FLAG) as well as co-precipitated U1 and U2, detected by primer-extension, are indicated.
G-H Macrophage migration speed (G) in the head or (H) between the yolk sac and the germband edge. For (G): control n=8 movies, CG9005PBG mutant n=3; control n=360 tracks, mutant n=450, p=0.65. For (H): control n=7 movies, mutant n=3; control n=46 tracks, mutant n=19, p=0.62 Data information: Unpaired t-tests. Graphs show mean±SEM; ns=p>0.05, *p<0.05, ****p<0.0001.
d, e, α-KG extends the lifespan of worms fed bacteria that have been ampicillin arrested, mean lifespan (days of adulthood) with vehicle treatment (mveh) = 19.4 (n = 80 animals tested), mα-KG = 25.1 (n = 91), P  0.0001 (log-rank test) (d); or γ-irradiation-killed, mveh = 19.0 (n = 88), mα-KG = 23.0 (n = 46), P  0.0001 (log-rank test) (e). OP50, E. coli OP50 strain.
A Western blot analysis of WT and UPF3A KO cells (clones 4, 14 and 20) with the indicated siRNA treatments (n=1). UPF3A and UPF3B protein levels were detected, Tubulin serves as control. The asterisk indicates unspecific bands.
(B) HeLa cells with (+FL, blue), or without full length POGZ-cDNA supplementation (POGZ∆-1, red), as well as control HeLa cells (sgCtrl, grey), were treated with NCS (1hr) or TZ (24h) at the indicated concentrations and processed as in (A) for SRB assay. Data are represented as a bar graph showing the relative mean ± SEM, each replicate being representing as a round symbol (3 biological replicates). Significance was determined by two-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni's test. *P<0.05, **P<0.005.
(K) Inhibition of EGFR by gefitinib induced more LC3II after 1.5h cGAMP treatment of L929 cells.n
(A) Lung RSV titers (PFU/gram of lung tissue) were determined in individual lungs (n = 5 mice per group) collected at 5 days post-RSV infection. Results were determined and presented as box and whisker plots, where boxes extends from 25th to 75th percentile, whiskers show minimum to maximum value and central band represents the median value for the group.
B. IHLs were isolated from the liver of Tie2-GFP mice intrasplenically injected with NaCl (n=3) or with 5x103 CT26 at the specified time points (day 25 post-injection n=6, day 35 post-injection n=5). The number of GFP+ TEMs was estimated by flow cytometry as 7AAD-/CD45+/CD11b+/CD11c-/GFP+ cells per liver; data pooled from three independent experiments; mean values are shown; error bars=S.E.M.; p-values were calculated by Mann-Whitney test.
(K) In vitro kinase assay on immuno-purified Sox4WT and S316all mutant using recombinant GSK3β protein and radiolabelled ATP. Samples were treated with λ-Phos prior to assay and run on Phos-tag gel. Coomasie Blue staining shows equal loading of WT and mutant proteins.
(b-e) Analysis of LPS-primed BMMs stimulated with PA-BSA (0.5 mM) in the absence or presence of AMPK agonist AICAR. (b) ROS production determined using the fluoroprobe DHR.
A Schematic representation of the experimental strategy for the RIP-seq pipeline. Representative Western blot showing the FXR2P pull-down. FXR2P was precipitated from WT and Fxr2 KO mice brain extracts using the 1G2 antibody (Fernandez et al, 2015) and analyzed by Western blotting. Input, 10%. PSD-95 mRNA was used as control to verify the specificity of the RIP-seq.
Q Wild-type follicle cells showing normal hexagonal packing of epithelial membranes.R Mutation of β-spectrin disrupts the normal hexagonal packing, suggesting a role in maintaining membrane tension.S Clone of β-spectrin mutant cells (GFP negative) showing differential membrane tension at the interface with wild-type cells (GFP positive).
E Ectopic HSATIII-induced nSB assembly in CHO (His9) cells. The nSBs (yellow arrowheads) were visualized by HSATIII-FISH and immunofluorescence using an anti-SRSF1 antibody. The nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 10 μm.
D Levels of β-catenin in untreated and MARS knockdown NE4C cells were detected (n=3) with the presence or absence of 20 μM Hcy in the culture media. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were compared using an unpaired Student's t test. nsnot significant, *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001. One-way ANOVA with Dunnett's correction was used for multiple comparisons.
C. STING-KO or sgRNA control (Ctrl) MC38 cells were treated in vitro with the indicated concentrations of 5-FU. Cell viability were determined using the CellTiter-Glo assay after two days, with normalized luminescence levels shown. N=3.
DT ablation of Krt19+ cells significantly reduced the number of lineage labeled crypts (N≥3 per condition). Data are represented as mean ± SEM using Student's t-test *P≤0.05, **P≤0.01.
(A) Average plots of Mediator cleavages around the TSSs of SAGA- and TFIID-dependent genes. The distance of cleavage maximum to TSS is indicated by the dotted lines and corresponding numbers.
hGS interaction with NF54 (C) schizonts on days 3 (top), 5 (middle) and 7 (bottom) p.i.. hGS (green), PfHSP70 (red), DAPI (blue) and phalloidin (grey). The U panel is composed an uninfected zone 3 hepatocyte on day 3 p.i.. Scale bar is 25 µm.
The putative SRSF2 binding motifs on NUMB exon 9 (labeled as red), predicted by RBPmap. M1 refers to motif 1 and M2 refers to motif 2.
(J) Endothelial resistance of control SSO- or E20 SSO-transfected HUVECs (n = 4 independent biological replicates), analyzed by ECIS. Data information: data are represented as mean ± S.E.M. n.s.: non-significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. two-tailed unpaired t-test,
C, H1299 cells transfected with Flag-tagged p53 were treated with erastin or untreated for 24 h. Nuclear and cytosolic extracts were differentially prepared and subjected to Western blot analysis.
D. UMAP visualization of the IF images generated in the HPA Cell Atlas (also shown in Fig 3A). The images from singularly localizing nuclear proteins are highlighted in purple (nucleoli), blue (fibrillar center), brown (nuclear speckles) and orange (nuclear bodies). Multilocalizing nucleolar proteins are highlighted in yellow.
D Proportion of protein aggregation in Jurkat cell lysate supplemented with various amounts and configurations of the M1x4 or M2x4 DNA oligonucleotides.
Long-range PCR as in B of Iglo subclones of two independent Shld2-/-/- (F2 and F3) clones (left 2 panels), and IgA+ subclones from Shld2-/-/- clone F3.
A Strategy for identifying metabolic plasma biomarkers and, subsequently, therapeutic opportunities for LAM based on the analysis of lung-metastatic breast cancer gene expression data
L U2OS cells stably expressing CB-GFP or CB-Bub1-K-GFP were treated as in (H). Example images of the immunofluorescence staining are shown.
E Relative intensity of tdTomato signals in (F). The numbers of analyzed embryos are indicated (n). Error bars, S.E.M. ***P < 0.001 by two-tailed Student's t-test.
C-F. CMTs visualized with MAP4-GFP in root epidermal cells of the TZ and the EZ at time point 0 and 60 min after CK (C), CK and oryzalin (D), auxin (E) and CK and auxin (F) treatments, and in DZ cells at time point 0 and 60 min after auxin treatment (E). As CK and auxin sources 10 µM BAP and 0.1 µM NAA were used, respectively, and 1 µM oryzalin. For the double (CK/Oryzalin and CK/Auxin) treatments, roots were pretreated with CK for 60 min prior to transfer to medium supplemented with both compounds. Scale bar 10 µm.
(A) Immunoblot α-showing neurexin isoform distribution in cortex, hippocampus , midbrain and cerebellum dissected from 8-week-old mice. (B) Quantification of lower molecular weight neurexin (LMW; white arrowhead) in relation to total levels of α-neurexins [upper band (line) + LMW]. Bar graphs show mean ± SEM of 3 independent replicates***, p<0.001 by 2-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak tests, comparing to levels in cerebellum.
(K and L) Representative merged images of mDia2-GFP (Green) and DAPI staining (blue) (K) and Phalloidin (Red) and DAPI staining (blue) (L) in HCC cells transfected with different mutant mDia2-GFP constructs as indicated (n = 3 independent experiments). Scale bars, 20μm. K12E and K27E are malonylation-mimetic mutants at lysine residues 12 and 27. K12Q and K27Q are acetylation-mimetic mutants at lysine residues 12 and 27.
Gene expression profiles of PBMCs from P. falciparum symptomatic and asymptomatic infected participants were compared. F. Mean RPKMs + SEM of selected genes in P. falciparum malaria symptomatic (n=6) and asymptomatic (n=5) individuals. Dotted red lines depict transcriptional levels of healthy immune controls, Mann-Whitney test of biological replicates,*p<0.05.
A Schematic illustration of human islet isolation and delivery. Islets are isolated from human donors and cultivated for up to 35 h until they are delivered for the generation of hPI+MVF. The entire process takes more than 8 days.
B. Representative immunostaining of phospho-AKT (Ser473), phospho ERK1/2 and their total protein amounts in lung tumors from EGFRL858R/Rhob-/- or EGFRL858R/Rhob+/+ mice treated or not with erlotinib (12.5 mg/kg/day) for four days. The remaining hyperplastic areas were selected in erlotinib-treated mice to efficiently characterize the effect of erlotinib on ERK and AKT pathways in both Rhob genotypes. Scale bar: 100 µm.
(B) Feminized hermaphrodites of thermosensitive a fem-1 mutant strain do not produce exophers regardless of growth temperature. This phenotype can be partially rescued by mating fem-1 mutants with males. n = 10-26; N = 2.
A-CDouble‐pulse GF experiments. (A) 3′ GF/3′ pause/3′ GF. (B) 3′ GF/10′ pause/3′ GF. (C) 3′ GF/20′ pause/3′ GF. Cell‐averaged ERs, population average, and StDev range for n = 10 cells.
B) qPCR data displaying the relative virus load of SARS-CoV-2 measured by viral genome quantity in full medium vs. basic medium organoids 48 h after infection and normalized to GAPDH (n=6). C) qPCR data displaying the relative virus load of SARS-CoV-2 measured by viral genome quantity in full medium vs. full medium + IFN-γ treated organoids 48 h after infection and normalized to GAPDH (n=9). D) qPCR data displaying the relative virus load of SARS-CoV-2 measured by viral genome quantity in basic medium vs. basic medium + IFN-γ treated organoids 48 h after infection and normalized to GAPDH (n=4). E) qPCR data displaying the relative virus load of SARS-CoV-2 measured by viral genome quantity in full medium + IFN-γ vs. basic medium+ IFN-γ treated organoids 48 h after infection and normalized to GAPDH (n=4). (B-E) Data are presented as mean +/- SD ,*: p≤0.05, **: p≤0.001, ***: p≤0.0001, as determined by Student's t-test
(E, F) Biosynthesis of SL in HeLa cells expressing GTP locked mutants of Sar1 or ARF1 or treated with Brefeldin A (BFA; 5μg/ml) was measured by [3H] - sphingosine pulse-chase assay. Radioactivity associated with GSLs were quantified and represented as fold change with respect to control. (E) For BFA treated cells, the SL output was measured 8h after pulse. (F) The ratio of GM/Gb is represented. Data represented as means ± SD of 2 independent experiments.
(Q) Representative confocal image of immunofluorescence assay performed with IRGM+/+ and IRGM+/- HT29 cells stained with MX1 antibodies. Scale bar, 10 µm.
(F) Glucose-labeled C6 and C1 flux experiment in 10-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings. C6/C1 ratio for control (water treated) and Tyr-Asp (100 µM) treated wild type seedlings after 35, 70 and 145 min is shown. Data information: Data are mean ± SEM of , n=3 (F; three independent flasks) significance was assessed using unpaired two-tailed Student t-test.
(C) mRNA levels of the indicated genes in BAT of AdRiKO and control mice housed at 22°C or at 4°C for 8h (n=6/group, each lane represents a mix of 3 mice).
The percentage of EdU positive cells after doxorubicin (Doxo), palbociclib (Palbo), or nutlin3 (Nutlin) treatment. EdU incorporation was performed as described in (B). At least 100 cells were analyzed per condition per replicate. Individual data points and mean are shown; n=2 biological replicates.
D) Histogram showing the best fit of the observed inter-REC8 distances to the gamma distribution. Green curve indicates the best fit of the observed inter-REC8 distances.  indicates the value for which the best fit was obtained, with estimated standard error 0.27.
(C, D, and E) The perinuclear clusters of GFP-LC3-positive vesicles colocalize with mCherry-Rab7 but not with Golgi protein marker 58K or LysoTracker red. GFP-LC3 HeLa cells were transiently transfected with siRNA against FYCO1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) 48 h before imaging or cotransfected with mCherry-Rab7. Cells were either fixed and stained with anti-Golgi 58K antibody or incubated with 50 nM LysoTracker red for 1 h. Insets show an enlarged field of interest. Bars, 10 µm.
A) WT and FAK−/− PEMs were incubated with LPS-coated beads (50∶1; beads∶cell) for 1 hour before analysis with antibodies recognizing LC3. DAPI was used to visualize nuclei. Bars represent 10 µm. The percentage of LPS-beads co-localizing with LC3 is displayed to the right. At least 100 beads were counted per condition. Values are means ± SEM, N = 3.
DICER-KO B cells were co-cultured for 24 hours with OTII-derived T cells in the presence or absence of OVA. Flow cytometry analysis of B lymphocytes co-cultured with OT-II isolated T cells in the presence or absence of OVA survival (staining with the live marker DAPI)
(D) GST pull‐down analysis as in (A), but in HEK cells transfected for 18 h with SODWT‐GFP or mutant SODG85R‐GFP, along with FLAG‐BAG3.
j) Top left, sketch of Ccr2-RFP construct. Top right, typical confocal picture for CCR2 (red), Iba1 (green) and collagen IV (Coll IV, white) revealing Ccr2-RFP expression in a blood vessel (arrow, left image, scale bar represents 20 µm) and no RFP signal in retinal microglia (right images, scale bar represents 100 µm).
D, E Co-IP assay. EGR2-Myc/HF-OST1, EGR2G2A-Myc/HF-OST1, HF/EGR2-Myc and HF/EGR2G2A-Myc were expressed in N. benthamiana leaves. Total proteins were immunoprecipated by anti-HA agarose beads. Anti-HA and anti-Myc antibodies were used to detect HF-OST1, EGR2-Myc and EGR2G2A-Myc, respectively. Representative pictures are shown in (D), and relative interaction is shown in (E). Data information: In : Relative band intensities are shown. In each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (**P < 0.01, two-tailed t-test).
In vitro MLC phosphorylation assay using 1 μg MTs in addition to 25 ng GST-MLC, 4 ng GST-ROCK1 catalytic domain, 1 mM ATP, 1 μg GST-protein phosphatase 1c β/δ (PP1c β/δ), and 0-5 μg GST-LUZP1. Quantification of the relative ppMLC/MLC ratio to the control showed that MTs promote LUZP1-mediated inhibition of PP1c β/δ [1.00 (1st-lane, control) vs. 1.42 ± 0.59 (2nd-lane) vs. 1.72 ± 0.76 (3rd-lane) vs. 1.99 ± 0.56 (4th-lane) vs. 1.14 ± 0.37 (5th-lane) vs. 2.87 ± 1.51 (6th-lane) vs. 2.74 ± 1.19 (7th-lane) vs. 2.50 ± 0.88 (8th-lane)]. n = 6. *p < 0.05 [Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Steel test (compared with 1st lane)]. Bars and error bars represent the mean ± SD.
F Wild type and Traf3ip3-/- HEK293T cells were infected with GFP-VSV. Fluorescent images were taken to examine GFP-VSV proliferation at eight hours post infection (left). Scale bar represents 10 micrometers. GFP-VSV titers were quantitated by plaque assay (right).
(a) Proportion of BrdU incorporation into DNA and cell cycle phases, and (b) cell growth in WT and Pink1 KO MEF after 72 h in the absence (denoted as -2DG) or in the presence (+2DG) of the glucose-metabolizing inhibitor, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG, 1 mM).
D Serum levels of P1NP and CTX. Results are shown as mean ± SEM; n=8; *: p<0.05 by t test
Tamoxifen induced IFT88 deletion strategy (top panel) and representative images of Sox2 (green) and Ki67 (red) immunostaining on CLE regions of the indicated mouse strains (bottom panels). Dotted lines, basement membrane. Note the significant reduction of both Sox2 and Ki67 immunolabeling upon deletion of IFT88.
Schematic representation of the smFRET assay using crystal-structure snapshots of McjD. On the right side McjD is also shown as a cartoon. In the crystal structure nucleotides and ATP-Mg in orange sticks, the peptide MccJ25 in pink. Each half transporter is colored in dark and light grey. McjD is shown in a view along the plane of the membrane which is depicted in light grey. Colored balls show the position of the cysteines used for probing conformational changes. PBD codes for McjD in inward-occluded conformation are 5OFP (left) (Bountra et al, 2017) and in the outward-occluded conformation 4PL0 (right) (Choudhury et al, 2014)
C. Effect of NPC and MA treatment on the activity of Luc-LncBMP4 was detected using a luciferase reporting system (Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n =3 independent experiments, **** p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA).
Western blot analysis of CHX chase showing accelerated degradation of RNF8 in soluble fraction (cytoplasm+nucleoplasm) of HeLa cells, expressing DOX-inducible GFP-ATX3-C14A variant as compared to GFP-ATX3-WT. Endogenous ATX3 was depleted with siRNA targeting 3'UTR region of ATXN3.   Graph represents the quantifications of (A). In order to nullify the difference in RNF8 level at starting point (0h), we equalised RNF8 level to 100% and then compared the degradation rate. RNF8 level at starting point (0h) was also shown without equalisation. (*P<0.05, **P<0.01; two-way ANOVA, n=2, mean +SEM).
Gene expression changes in Dax1-/-, Nr5a2-/- and Dax1-/-;Nr5a2-/- cells compared to WT cells in 2iL (upper) and after 2d in SLRA (lower).
B. PAS staining of TFEB-treated muscle shows a reduction of lysosomalglycogen stores (puncta) compared to those in untreated muscle. Original magnification: 20×.
HE staining of organoids and respective tissue confirm high similarity in cellular structure and tissue organization. Scale bar: 100 µm.
B-E, Staining for pimonodazole (PIMO, green) and Isolectin B4 (IB4,red) in Gpr124KO (B,C) and control (D,E) cortices after exposure of the pregnant dams to 21% O2 (B,D) or 80% O2 (C,E). Compared to the pimonidazole staining in panels B,C, the intensity of this staining is much weaker in panels D,E. For reasons of clarity, the pimonidazole staining in panels D,E was therefore enhanced, equally in both panels.
(F-G) iMEF or iMEFgt/gt were infected by centrifugal enhancement with parental MCMV or MCMV m152stop (MOI 0.01). At 6 hpi total RNA was extracted to determine , IFNb1 and IL6 (G) transcripts by qRT-PCR. Data shown is combined from two out of three independent experiments.
(D) Female mice 12-16 weeks old (n = 6 mice per condition (with three technical repeats per mouse), were irradiated (5 Gy) and sacrificed after 1 hour (first phase), 7 days (second phase) or left untreated. Skin or renal tissue RNA was analyzed by RT-qPCR, shown as a mean +/- SD. Significance was confirmed by ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons test. SD shown: * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01.
A Number of differentially up- and down-regulated genes (DEG) in RNAi-ASCO1 seedlings as compared to wild type (WT) according to the RNA-seq data (FDR < 0.01, |log2FC| >= 0.75). B Fraction of DEG found in each transcript class as defined in the Araport11 gene annotation. AS stands for antisense.
(B) Fstl1 induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was ablated by pretreatment with MEK inhibitor PD98059. NRCFbs were treated by PD98059 (5nM) for 30min and then stimulated with recombinant Fstl1 protein (50ng/ml) for 15min. Error bars represent mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey multi comparison test (n=3 for each time point). Two independent experiments were performed.
(d) Relative expression levels of individual barcoded transgenes in LADs and iLADs.
Hematoxylin and Eosin staining of the colonic epithelium after DSS versus DSS+DT showing more damage is seen in mice treated with both DSS+DT treatment (N=6 control; N=7 DT). Data information: Nuclei are counterstained with Dapi (blue); white dashed lines outline the basement membrane. scale bar (h) =1mm.
(C) Effects of harmonin_a1 expression were investigated in dermal fibroblasts. Left panel: Transfection of USH1C primary cells with an expression plasmid (USH1C+) increased the number of ciliated cells towards WT level (3 TR, number of examined cells is indicated, error bars indicate SD, two-tailed Student's t test, *p<0.05). Middle and right panel: Length of cilia in USH1C primary cells was shifted towards WT level (3 TR, number of examined cells is indicated, error bars indicate SD, Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test, *p<0.05, ****p<0.0001).
(B) TECRLHom-hiPSCs have a normal karyotype(left) and PluriTest demonstrates a high pluripotency score and low novelty score for all three hiPSC lines (right).
(B) Immunoblot analysis of fibronectin and β-tubulin (loading control) in lysates from Wt and Hpn-/- mouse mammary tissue (N = 5 animals each) from another hepsin knock out mouse model
(A) scRNA-seq profiling of SCG cultures using 10X Genomics Chromium Single-Cell v3 Reagent Kits enabled the detection of viral RNAs in a small neuronal subpopulation (cyan) during reactivation
Hypothetical model for transcriptional regulation mediated by AosR. Upon oxidative stress, AosR binds to its promoter regulating the entire operon through a positive feedback loop, resulting in higher L-cysteine biosynthesis.
Relative transcript levels of Park2 in brown adipocytes treated with NE in the presence or absence of cycloheximide (CHX). (n=3). Data are presented as means ±s.e.m. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. Two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test.
(K) Hatching rates in surviving ctns-/- zebrafish evaluated at 72 and 96 hrs post fertilization (hpf) with cysteamine, bicalutamide, and a combination of cysteamine and bicalutamide (n=40 embryos per group).