EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
(E) Immunofluorescence of histone H3(red) and S100 (melanocytes [green]) in human benign nevus and adjacent epidermis. Bars, 20 µm.
(C) Representative transmission electron micrographs of macrophages from wild type (top, w1118) and NimB4sk2 (bottom) L3 wandering larvae. Scale bar: 2 μm (D) Quantification of the number of vesicles per macrophages in the electron micrographs. Values from at least three independent experiments are represented as mean ± SD (**** P<0.0001 by Mann-Whitney test).
Cells containing Rfa1-TAP were synchronized at G1, S, and G2/M phase and used for the TAP purification. Rfa1-TAP associated protein complexes were analyzed by Western blot using CBP, Rfa2, and Rtt105 antibodies (left panel). DNA content was monitored by flow cytometry (right panel).
Primary hepatocytes were isolated from 12-week-old male WT ( Prom1+/+) and KO (Prom1-/-) mice, serum-starved for 16 hours and stimulated with isoprenaline. (I) Levels of p-PKA substrates, p-CREB, CREB, Prom1 and GAPDH after isoprenaline stimulation (10 μM) for 0, 10 or 20 minutes were determined by immunoblotting.
(B) Immunoblots and quantification of Grk5 protein levels in vitro after Cand2 KD with siRNA and after Cand2 OE with AAV6. t-test, n=4-5 biological replicates per group. Data information: Error bars indicate means ± SEM. * - P ≤ 0.05, *** - P ≤ 0.001.
Representative maximum projections of confocal sections from organs of Corti of p15 Wt, 1-SKO, and 1/3-DKO mice stained for CtBP2 to label synaptic ribbons. Please note that CtBP2 expression is also found in the nucleus (nuclei are highlighted by dashed circles in the individual panels). Scale bars: 10 µm.
Mass spectrometric quantification of a variety of OxPL species obtained by CuSO4-catalyzed oxidation of PAPC for 2 and 24 h. Mean ± SEM of duplicate determinations are shown.
A. Ncl and Pus7 mRNA levels (normalized to TBP) at different time points after LPS stimulation in c-mycwt/wt and c-myc∆/∆ cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 3.
(A) Representative immunoblot and its quantification of protein levels of neddylated and unnedylated Cul1 in NRCMs after Cand2 overexpression. Analysed by t-test, n=3 biological replicates per conditions. Data information: Error bars indicate means ± SEM; * - P ≤ 0.05, ** - P ≤ 0.01, *** - P ≤ 0.001, **** - P ≤ 0.0001
B. Differences in OCT4 levels between sister cells, cousin cells, second cousin cells, and randomly paired cells.
(C) Assay of FoxA2 mRNA by RT-PCR for the first 3 days of differentiation in the presence or absence of 3 µM CH. Average and SD of three independent experiments. **p=5x10-7.
(i,j) iPSC lines as in g, differentiated for 30 or 75 d and untreated or treated with RNAi for LAMP-2A. (i) Immunofluorescence for LAMP-2A, α-syn and GFP in LAMP-2A-RNAi iPSC lines differentiated for 30 d. Bottom: higher magnifications of boxed areas. (j) Percentage of TH+ cells showing cytoplasmic accumulation of α-syn. n ≥ 2 experiments using two control and two LRRK2 iPSC lines (n > 70 and n > 150 TH+ cells in Ctr and LRRK2, respectively). Scale bars, 10 μm. All values are mean + s.e.m. Differences from WT or control (*) or between control or knockdown cells (§) are significant at P 0.05; unpaired t-test in a,h and ANOVA and Bonferroni test in f,j. Full-length blots and gels in Supplementary Figure 12.
B In vitro relative migration (mean±sd) from three independent experiments (biological replicates) is shown in MM13 and MM2 TINCR overexpressing (TINCR) compared to control (Empty) cells. Statistical analyses were performed using Student t -test (***: p<0.001).
Western blots showing the degree of phosphorylation of Flag-Ago3 WT and its DDH and KA mutants in Siwi-depleted cells (Siwi KD). The second panel from the top corresponds to the top panel with a longer exposure time. Siwi and β-Tub as a loading control were also detected also by western blotting.
B, C. HeLa cells were stably transfected with the indicated vectors, treated with MG132 and immunostained with the indicated antibodies. Scale bar=10 µm. Quantification is show in (C).
(A) Targeting strategy for the conditional disruption of the Clppgene. Map of the genomic locus region of the wild type Clpp gene (wild type), the Targeting Vector, the Clpp locus after homologues recombination (Targeted Allele) and targeted allele after Flp-recombinase-mediated excision of the PuroR cassette (Conditional KO Allele- ClpploxP) and the knocked-out allele after Cre-recombinase-mediated excision of the exons 3-5 (Constitutive KO Allele - Clpp-). The position of primers used for genotyping is indicated by red arrows.
(b) Coupled positive and negative interactions can display robust species coexistence to variations in model parameters. Network diagram (inset) represents the magnitude, sign and direction of the inferred inter-species interactions between CH (x1) and ER (x2). Dashed (gray) and solid (orange) lines indicate a positive and negative interaction, respectively. The line width and node size denote the magnitude of the inter-species interaction coefficients and steady-state abundance of the monospecies, respectively. Heat-map of the ratio of x1 (CH) to x2 (ER) at 72 hr as a function of the inter-species interaction coefficients α12 and α21. Initial conditions for simulations were x1o = 0.0008, x2o = 0.0158. The circle (black) indicates the inferred parameter values for the CH, ER consortium for the gLV model trained on T3.
G) The ubiquitylation of PTEN was measured in 293T cells transfected with indicated vectors.
The IFNγ release of purified IL-2-stimulated NK cells (100 U/ml for 4 days) co-cultured with L-MICA-129Met (n = 34) or L-MICA-129Val clones (n = 32) for 24 h was measured in the supernatant by ELISA. In parallel, the MICA expression intensity on target cells was determined by flow cytometry. The linear regressions of IFNγ release (pg/ml) by NK cells and MICA expression on targets (MFI) are displayed for the L-MICA-129Met clones (left panel) and the L-MICA-129Val clones (right panel). The coefficients of determination (R2), the regression coefficients (reg. coeff.), and the P-values for Pearson correlation are indicated.
(F) In vivo epifluorescence microscopy following neosynthesized alcAp-UapA-GFP in a single hypha at 120, 130, 140, 150, 160 and 170 min, under overexpressing (derepression/ethanol-induction) conditions, as described in Materials and methods. Notice that UapA labels the perinuclear ER rings (white arrows).
BET2 is upregulated in the rd10 mouse retina compared to B6 WT control. a-c Western blots of retinal homogenates collected from B6 or rd10 mice at PN14, P21, or PN24 (>6 mice at each time point). Quantification: normalization to β-actin and WT at each time point; mean ± SEM; n = 3 independent Western blot experiments; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to WT control. d Immunostaining of BET2, BET3, and BET4 on paraffin-embedded retinal sections collected at PN24. Arrow points to dots of condensed staining. Scale bar 50 μm
(G) RT-qPCR validation of the expression levels of FOXO3a, FOXO4, and PSMD11 (n = 6).
Immunofluorescence analysis for OCT4 (red), BLIMP1 (green), and T (white) on days 0, 1, and 2. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). The culture contained BMP4 (5 ng/ml), Activin A (50 ng/ml), and bFGF (20 ng/ml). Scale bar: 100 μm.
(B) Heatmap depicting the mean expression fold changes compared to wild-type expressions after replacing consensus insertion into motif-less core promoters.
A, A targeted MAPPIT screen identifies several DUBs as putative RAS interactors. A MAPPIT array containing DUB prey library was screened with HRAS G12V as bait. pSEL(+2L)-HRAS G12V was expressed in HEK293T cells together with the indicated prey. BRAF served as a positive control. Each measurement was done in triplicate. The results are expressed as a mean of normalized luciferase activity (leptin-treated cells vs leptin-untreated cells). The overall mean value + 2 s.d. served as a threshold.
Jurkat CD4+ T cells were treated with IFN-α, IFN-β and IFN-γ for 24 h. The protein expression levels of PEBP1 were measured by Western blot.
C Fraction of Nestin-, Tbr2-, DCX- and Calbindin-positive cells expressing β-Gal in BATGAL and Axin2LacZ/+ animals show stage specific canonical Wnt signaling during adult hippocampal neurogenesis [BATGAL: Tbr2 vs. DCX p=0.0056, DCX vs. Calbindin p<0.0001; Axin2LacZ: Nestin vs. Tbr2 p=0.0003, Tbr2 vs. DCX p=0.0115, DCX vs. Calbindin p<0.0001] (n= 3 animals per mouse model and marker).
(L) Immunoblotting of DR5 confirming generation of knock out (DR5-KO) cell lines.
Immunoprecipitation of FLAG-SMC6 and FLAG-NSMCE2 with FANCI in HEK293T cells overexpressing the SMC6 or NSMCE2, respectively, in the presence or absence of Ethidium bromide (EtBr). The experiment was performed 3 times, and the blot shows a representative experiment. The band under the one indicated as FANCI may represent a degradation product.
b. Steady state snapshots from model simulation with ammonium (left panel) and with nitrate (right panel). Note out-of-sync growth patterns (dashed white line) in ammonium.
(C) Inhibition of ssc-miR-205 by a microinjected antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor results in reduced development to the blastocyst stage. Shown is development of microinjected oocytes to the blastocyst stage relative to water-injected oocytes. Five independent experiments (represented by individual data points) were performed, ~50 porcine oocytes were microinjected in each group in each experiment. Difference between let-7a and miR-205 inhibitors effects is statistically significant (two-tailed paired t-test p-value = 0.016). Error bars = SD. Data information: asterisks indicate statistical significance (p-value) of one-tailed t-test, (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).
C UCSC genome browser tracks of TINCR-RIA-seq sequencing reads illustrating coverage and enrichment across ATF4 transcript in WM902B and MMC70 cells.
(J) Boxplot displaying H3 signal intensity at pat-PCH of Daxxm+z+ and Daxxm-z+ PN5 zygotes. In boxplots, the enter lines show the medians; box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles as determined by R software; whiskers extend 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles. Datapoints are indicated by circles. Experiments were replicated 2 times. ***P<0.001, t-test, n=12 for both groups.
Exogenously overexpressed GFP-otoferlin was immunoprecipitated using GFP-Trap beads and incubated with purified endophilin-A1 (pA1). IP was then followed by immunoblotting with an anti-endophilin-A1 antibody.
F. In vitro kinase assay with either wild type ATOH1 (WT) or non-phosphorylated form of the Serine-to-Alanine 309 (S309A). WT or S309A were incubated with CCND1 and CDK4 (4D) in the presence of [γ-32P]-ATP. While WT with CCND1 and CDK4 gave rise to strong signals (lanes 1,2 white arrowhead), S309A showed no obvious signal (dashed arrowhead indicated the predicted size of ATOH1).
(b) Effect of kinase inhibitor on WT, G/S, or the kinase-dead mutant D/A LRRK2 incubated with rat liver lysosomes in presence or absence of GAPDH (5 μg). Right: quantification expressed as a multiple of the association without additions (n = 3-5 independent experiments).
IL-12 production of BMDC stimulated via TLR 4 (LPS; 100 ng/ml), TLR 9 (CpG; 100 nM), and TLR 7 (R837; 5 μg/ml) after pretreatment with the indicated free and esterified versions of EC and 15d-PGJ2. Lipids were used at 1 μM (EC), 10 μM (PECPC), or 20 μM (15d-PGJ2 and 15d-PGJ2PC). Data (mean ± SEM) are representative of 3 independent experiments. **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001; ****P ≤ 0.0001; determined by one-way ANOVA adjusted by Dunnett's multiple comparisons test.
B Western blot confirmation of the mitosis‐selective cell surface localization of PCDH7. Western blotting analysis of cell surface protein preparation from mitosis and interphase cells. The whole‐cell lysate and elution from streptavidin beads were blotted against TFRC, EGFR, actin, and phospho‐Histone H3. TFRC protein was enriched in interphase cell surface preparation in comparison with mitosis preparation, while PCDH7 protein was enriched in mitotic cell surface preparation.
3×105 MFC cells were subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Ten days after injection, BMDMs-exo, M2-exo, M2-si-control-exo, or M2-si-CRNDE-exo (10 µg) was injected into the center of the homograft tumors of mice (n=7 each group), followed by intraperitoneal injection of CDDP (10 mg/kg). Six days after CDDP treatment, all mice were sacrificed and the homograft tumors were collected. (B, The homograft tumors (B) photos of each mouse on day 6 after CDDP injection. **P<0.01.
(A) Representative traces showing SQR-driven oxygen consumption in 3x106 control (C) and five patientsfibroblasts (P1-5) in the absence (solid traces) or presence (dashed traces) of CoQ10 in the culture medium. See Materials and Methods for the role and concentration of the compounds used. (B) Relative rates of SQR-driven oxygen consumption are normalized to CIV respiration rates.
A. Hcp release assay. FLAG-tagged Hcp (HcpFL) release was assessed by separating cells (C) and cell-free culture supernatant (S) fractions from 109 WT, ΔmltE cells or ΔmltE cells producing wild-type (mltE+) or E64Q mutant (mltEE64Q) VSV-G-tagged MltE (MltEV) from arabinose-inducible plasmids. Proteins were separated by 12.5%-acrylamide SDS-PAGE and TolB, HcpFL and MltEV were immunodetected using anti-TolB (upper panel), anti-FLAG (middle panel) and anti-VSV-G (lower panel) antibodies, respectively. Molecular weight markers (in kDa) are indicated on the left. The experiment was performed in triplicate and a representative result is shown.
CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated from the spleens of WT, EGR4KO mice by cell sorting. (G) Representative FACS plots depicting IFNγ levels after intracellular staining in WT and EGR4KO CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
I Quantification of the total numbers of recombined cell types (GFP+) per area in the DG of controls and runners; rNSC: p = 0.074; IPCs/neuroblasts: * p = 0.0460; astrocytes: p = 0.2314; unpaired t-test. Data information: All data are represented as mean ± SEM; number of experimental animals (indicated by red dots): (I) n = 3
Western blots showing the presence of Vret-L (P150) and Vret-S (P130) in the Ago3 complex in A. n.i.: non-immune IgG.
(C) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiment showing MBELN-derived protein binding to recombinant human His-AhR (hAhR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of proteins binding to hAhR on a SPR chip. Data shown are from three biological replicates.
(B, C) The size of the lysosomal compartment was evaluated by IF (C) analysis in the brain of MPS-IIIA mice at indicated ages.
A PLX4032 dose-response curves of parental and resistant melanoma cells. Relative cell viability, compared to DMSO control, was measured by CCK8 assay after PLX4032 treatment for 72 hr.
Cells were grown in minimal medium during 18 hours to induce the strong expression of RnhA. R-ChIP using a catalytically-inactive RNase H1 (Rnh1-D129N) was used to quantify R-loop formation at RNAP3-transcribed genes (mean ± standard deviation from 4 biological replicates).
A549 cells expressing control shRNA, WDR63 shRNA#1, WDR63 shRNA#2, PCDH control, or PCDH-Flag-WDR63 were subjected to wound-healing (A) assays. The shown images are representative of three independent experiments. Data shown are mean ± SD (n=3). **, P ˂ 0.01; ***, P ˂ 0.001; One-way ANOVA. Scale bar in (A): 200 μm.
(d) The bar graphs show the top regulated gene categories after enrichment analysis using GO terms and Uniprot keywords.
(B) Lanes 1 and 2: negatively supercoiled plasmid (YEp24) and its equilibrium distribution of Lk topoisomers upon its relaxation with Topo I. Lanes 3 and 4: distribution of Lk topoisomers of YEp24 upon its relaxation in lysates of ∆top1 TOP2 yeast cells in absence and after the addition of ICRF-193. Plots compare the relative intensity of individual topoisomers of the Lk distributions in lanes 2, 3 and 4.
(C) Zwint‐1 levels do not change in Beclin‐1‐depleted cells. Cells were treated with nocodazole before fixation. On the right, magnified individual kinetochore pairs stained for Zwint‐1 (red) and CREST (green), and quantification of Zwint‐1 levels normalized to CREST signal from three independent experiments (error bars=s.d.).
Illustrations reflects the relevant components, but not precise physical association or order of events. A At the early stages of transcription, the PAF complex and CTD S5-P form of RNAPII are required for monoubiquitylation of histone H2B on lysine 123 by Rad6-Bre1. H2B ubiquitylation drives promoter association of the COMPASS/Set1 methyltransferase, which methylates histone H3 on lysine
Representative western blot images and quantification of LC3B-II to GAPDH in L6 cells after 4h iron treatment stimulated with chloroquine (CQ, 30 µM). * Representative western blot images and quantification of LC3B-II to GAPDH in L6 cells after 24 h iron treatment stimulated with CQ 30 µM.
B H1299 cells were co-transfected with different combinations of plasmids as indicated. The cell lysates were immunoprecipitated using an anti-Myc antibody. Immunoprecipitated proteins were analyzed by Western blotting using different antibodies as indicated.
AIB1 is engaged with TEAD on co-activated target promoters in early stage breast cancer cells. Sequential ChIP-reChIP performed with indicated antibodies in MCFDCIS cells. Levels of precipitated chromatin assessed by qPCR.
A Immunofluorescence showing gammaH2AX foci in MEFs Trf2F/F at the indicated time points following 4OHT treatment and consequent TRF2 knockout. Scale bar, 25 µm. B RT-qPCR detection of Ace2 mRNA expression levels in MEFs Trf2F/F treated as in A (n = 3 independent experiments).
D. Dual luciferase assay of the indicated psiCHECK reporters in NIH3T3 cells treated with EVs or PBS for 48 h (n=3 biological replicates for each group).
Surface biotinylation of spinal cord slices under basal condition demonstrates unchanged GluA1 and GluA2 surface level upon Tat-P4-(C5)2, Tat-C5 peptides incubation compared to the untreated condition (CTR). Densitometric analysis of immunoblots show that the reduction in mean surface for GluA2 in not significant (graph show mean +/- SEM and individual points, One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett´s multiple comparisons test, n=5/group as indicated by individual values).
I, J Quantification of zone thickness (I) and layer thickness (J) of P56 adult WT and 11B mouse neocortex at the position where cortical thickness was measured (D, red lines). Data information: Data are the mean of 8 (WT) and 8 (11B) adult littermate mice. Error bars indicate SD, two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test , * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, **** P < 0.0001. P = 0.0227 (I, CP); P = 0.0308 (J, layer II+III)
(B) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) with increasing concentration (0, 15nM, 30nM, 60nM, 1.25μM and 2.5μM) of GST-FOXD3 and fixed concentration (50nM) of 5'-Cy5 labelled dsDNA oligonucleotides (35 bp each) from Sox15 promoter (positive control), MSR, MERVL-LTR, MERVL-int, L1MdA and Hprt promoter (negative control). The experiment was repeated 3 times. (D) ChIP-qPCR enrichment of FOXD3 in mESCs using primers specific for MSR, MERVL-LTR, MERVL-int (including and excluding the FOXD3 cognate motif), L1MdA promoter sequences. Sox15 promoter and Actb promoter primers are used as positive and negative control respectively. Data is represented as percentage of input and the average of 3 biological replicates is plotted. Error bar indicates standard error of the mean (SEM). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences compared to no antibody control levels (*: p< 0.05, paired t-test).
Representative SEC profiles of PICK1 (40 µM) incubated with increasing concentration of Tat-P4-(C5)2, colors indicate Gaussian fits of respective population, (red) aggregates/Void, (blue) dimeric PICK1, (green) oligomeric PICK1, (orange) unbound Tat-P4-(C5)2.
(C) Schematic representation of the analysis of CENP-A expression over time in CD4+ T cells, shown in D-G. T cell were activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28-coated beads.
Clonogenic assay to test cisplatin sensitivity of smc5 fancm cells in long term assays. Data represents means ± SD of 2 independent experiments with two independent clones analyzed for smc5 fancm.
Histological analysis of TA muscles of 4-month-old control, HSA-Cre untreated and HSA-Cre Bezafibrate-treated mice by Oil Red O staining to detect the neutral lipids.
B) qPCR Validation of lentivirus-mediated shRNA knockdown of FGL2 and CFTR in intestinal organoids. Significance of sample differences was calculated using the one-tailed student t-test (n=2 biological replicates). All values are mean ± s.d. EV = empty vector.
(D) IHC analysis of EZH2 and p53 protein expression in commercially purchased TMA with patient specimens of brain, colorectal, pancreatic cancer and sarcoma. Scale bars in low magnification images, 200 µm; Scale bars in high magnification images, 50 µm. Arrows, indicated the zoom out-box. (E) IHC data as shown in (D) were quantified and used for correlation analysis of EZH2 and p53 protein expression in patient specimens of brain, colorectal, pancreatic cancer and sarcoma. Pearson correlation r and P values in each cancer type are indicated.
B, C Representation of the CBL (B) CNs. Nodes represent specific interacting partners and edges connect pairs of nodes for which the p-value associated with the Pearson correlation coefficient exceeded a set threshold. Edge width is coded according to Pearson correlation coefficient (R<0.8 or R>0.8). The identified edges are depicted in red if they have been already reported as direct interaction in the BioGRID database.
(h) FOXO1,3,4−/− MEFs and wild-type MEFs were incubated with LY294002 (10 μM) for the indicated times. Cell RNA was isolated and relative mRNA levels of glutamine synthetase were analysed using quantitative PCR. Data are represented as mean values normalized for B2M (n=2). Uncropped images of blots are shown in Supplementary Fig. S7.
(A) Representative immunoblot of a filter retardation of HTT (ab-MAB5492) from the insoluble cellular fraction; HEK293T cells co-expressed HTTex1 72Q eGFP and TBK1 or TBK1 KD for 48 hour, and for the last 16 hour, they were treated with the indicated proteasome inhibitor (MG132, 5 µM) or autophagy inhibitor (Baf A1, 200 nM, NH4Cl, 10 mM, 3-MA,5 mM). (B) Quantification of the fold change in HTT aggregates compared to TBK1 KD treated with DMSO from the blots like in A (n=3).
C In vitro cell proliferation was assayed 72 hours post infection in Empty and TINCR MM13 and MM2 PDX cells at the indicated time points (1-5 days) using CellTiter-Glo viability assay. Relative proliferation rate (mean±sd) of three independent experiments are shown.
(E) Beclin‐1 is retained on the k‐fibres. HeLa cells were cooled on ice before permeabilization and fixation, and stained with anti‐α‐tubulin (red) and anti‐Beclin‐1 (green) antibodies.
(e-h) Impact of various drugs on mitochondrial clearance during in vitro differentiation. Differentiated cells from WT embryos were incubated with or without wortmannin (e), 3-methyladenine (3-MA) (f), rapamycin (g) or compound C (h) at the indicated concentrations and time periods. Percentage of mitochondrialow cells/Syto16low cells was measured by flow cytometry (mean±s.d., n=3). *P0.05 versus value of no drug (ANOVA).
(a - c) Kymograph of salt-resistant Scc1GFP-TEV-cohesin diffusing past (a) TetO-DNA-bound TetRHalo-TMR.
(G, H) Accumulation of autophagic body (AB)-like structures by AmphoB in atg5Δpep4Δ cells. pep4Δ and atg5Δpep4Δ cells were starved for 3 hr or treated with AmphoB (2.5 µg/ml, 24 hr). Scale bars = 2 µm. Cells containing AB-like structures were counted under phase-contrast microscopy. Representative images (G) and the percentage of cells with AB-like structures (H) are shown. *p < 0.01 vs the value of pep4Δ cells. (I-K) Induction of AB-like structures in atg5Δpep4Δ cells treated with AmphoB (2.5 µg/ml, 24 hr). Representative images of quick-frozen replicas (I) and thin section of the frozen-substituted material (J) are shown.
(e,f) IL-18 and casp-1 activation in Ripk2−/− BMDCs treated with the NLRP3 inflammasome-specific inhibitor glyburide (glyb.) during PR8 infection.