EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
Confocal z-projections of brains expressing DIP-δ-RNAi driven by the indicated Gal4. γ-KCs are labeled by mtdT-HA driven by R71G10-QF2 (γ-QF2). Expression of DIP-δ-RNAi in all glia (Repo-Gal4, J; n=28/28) or all KCs (OK107-Gal4, K; n=12/12) did not affect γ-neuron regrowth. In contrast, expression of DIP-δ-RNAi in all postmitotic neurons (C155-Gal4, L; n=9/12) or DIP-δ expressing neurons (DIP-δT2A-Gal4, M; n=21/22) induced a defect in γ4/5 innervation by γ-axons.
(G) Higher magnification of the VZ and SVZ of the electroporated area shown in (F), with DAPI staining (blue) depicted in addition to mCherry and GFP fluorescence. Boxes indicate areas shown at higher magnification in the insets (35 x 35 μm). Dotted lines indicate nuclei of progeny of electroporated aRGCs; note the presence of GFP fluorescence in the control (top) and its absence upon Cas9/gGFP electroporation (bottom). Images are single optical sections. Scale bars, 20 μm.
(H) Scatter plot generated from the analysis of the logarithmic heavy (H) to light (L) ratios in the x-axis and the reverse in the y-axis, in the two reciprocal labeling SILAC experiments of anti-HA immunopurification of ∆4-CYB and WT cells expressing CYC1HA.
(C) HE staining of forelimb, hindlimb, and paraspinal muscle of E14.5 embryos. Scale bars, 100 μm.
C57BL6xFVB mice were injected with G-CSF, CoPP or solvent controls (NaCl, DMSO) daily for 5 days. Samples were collected 6 h after the last injection. Treatment with G-CSF and CoPP increases relative spleen weight.
(c) Microscopic examination reveals a decreased number of autophagically encapsulated bacteria in IRGM knockdown cells. Control siRNA-treated (siControl) and IRGM siRNA-treated (siIRGM1, siIRGM2) cells were infected with S. typhimurium SL1344 and imaged by confocal microscopy. Control cells show numerous bacteria (red in merged image) surrounded by LC3-GFP membranes (green in merged image). Such bacteria-containing autophagosomes (indicated by dashed boxes) were almost completely absent in IRGM-deficient cells. The actin cytoskeleton was visualized using phalloidin (blue in merge). Images are flat projections of confocal z-stacks. Scale bars, 10 μm. (
Representative confocal images of Cx43 staining in tdTomato+ TR-Mac monoculture in Matrigel and tdTomato+ TR‑Mac microinjected at day 14 and analyzed in a mature day 21 BALO. Scale bars represent 50 μm (overview) and 5 μm (close up)
(A) Sequence of the Nrxn1 peptide used for the analysis. Residues previously mapped to bind CA10 (et al,Sterky 2017) and the site where alternative splice site 5 (SS5; et al,Ushkaryov 1992) inserts three residues (GGL) are indicated.
F, Representative result of the apoptosis assay using AnnexinV and propidium iodide (PI) staining in the control and the two mutant cell lines (left). The percentage of cells in each quadrant is depicted for each cell line. Quantification of the mean (+/- s.d.) percentage of apoptotic cells (Q1+Q2, AnnexinV+) across the different cell lines (n=4) (right). Shown is the P-value determined by unpaired two-tailed t-test.
(D SHP099 reduces growth of control (p-LKO vector) and SHP2-depleted (shSHP2) B16F10 tumors compared to untreated controls: p-LKO untreated (n=5), p-LKO treated with SHP099 (n=9), shSHP2 untreated (n=5), and shSHP2 treated with SHP099 (n=13). P values by analysis of variance with Dunnett's multiple comparison test; ***P<0.001.
E. Treatment with p-p38 inhibitors: SB203580 (10 µM) or Genistein (20 µM) for 24 h reduced AR upregulation induced by SDH repression in LNCaP cells (left panel). Bar graph in the right panel shows band intensity normalized to loading control. Data information: ENZA: enzalutamide. Data shown as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA following Tukey's test for panels E . *, p<0.05, **, p<0.01 and ***, p<0.001 compared between groups
Deletion of INH1 benefits the proliferation of ρ0 cells at 37 ℃. Serial dilutions (tenfold dilution) of the indicated strains were analyzed on SCD plates at 30℃ and 37 ℃ for 2 days.
IN-DCMRL coronal slice of the chest at the level of the carina demonstrating extensive mediastinal and pulmonary interstitial perfusion (arrows) at baseline (G), and after 6 months of treatment with trametinib (H).
Relative expression levels of the HIF1A-AS2 transcript in the indicated cell lines under normoxia condition were monitored by qRT-PCR analysis and represented as 39 minus Ct values.
Images and comparisons of proportions of each VE-cadherin LEC junctions in CD31+/LYVE-1+ lacteals in jejunum between vehicle- or ABX-treated mice at P7, P14, and P28. Button-like (red arrowheads) and zipper-like (open arrowheads) junctions are indicated in each magnified box in right (n = 6 mice/group, 5-10 villi/mouse). Scale bars, 25 μm.
D PCAF-mediated p53 acetylation. p53 and PCAF Flag-tagged were co-expressed in H1299 cells with or without HOPS and treated with trichostatin A and nicotinamide. p53 acetylation levels were evaluated by immunoprecipitation with anti-p53 antibody followed by immunoblotting with anti-acetylated-Lysine (AcK), anti-p53, anti-Flag, anti-HOPS and anti-α-tubulin antibodies. Data information: all the experiments detailed above were performed three times, and representative panels are shown.
(C) GFP time-lapse images of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes expressing EGFP-CLIP-170 WT treated with control siRNA (siCL, left) or siRNA targeting both AMPKα1 and α2 (siAMPKα1α2, right). White dotted lines in the images showed the connected cardiomyocyte not expressing EGFP-CLIP-170 WT.
I Western Blot analysis of the TET3 protein level in the MOE of the NC and miR-200b/a KD mice (n=3 mice each group). Actin served as a loading control. The molecular weight of each band is indicated at the right. The blue number shows the ratio of the average intensity of TET3/Actin.
D Representative H&E, IF, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses of host prostate tissue and engrafted donor organoid cells. Scale bar = 50 μm.
(E) Final weight of total tumor mass extracted from mice after sacrifice (n= 17). Data information: For all data, n represents the number of biological replicates. Statistical significance was calculated by one-way Anova with Bonferroni's correction, Data are mean ± SEM. ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001 compared to control and #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 compared to C26 untreated group.
C The purified centrosome fraction (50%) isolated from RPE-1 cells and the cell lysate (5%) were subjected to immunoblot analysis with anti-OCRL antibody. The centrosomal protein γ-tubulin was probed as control.
I Immunofluorescence (IF) of Ki67 at the SDL at E60, E70, E90; right figure panels are magnifications of boxed regions in left panels. n = 3. Scale bars = 100 µm.
C. Length of time needed to transition from metaphase to anaphase. Mean of 100 mitotic cells per genotype are plotted; n=2. Error bars, SEM. ***, P< 0.0001; ANOVA.
H ULK1−/− cells were transfected with FUNDC1‐Myc or FUNDC1-Myc (S17D) for 24 h in the absence or presence of 50 nm bafilomycin A1 (BAF1) for an additional 6 h before harvesting. Cell lysates were immunoblotted.
(a) Body weight was measured in 5-month-old and 12-month-old female Pgam5 WT and KO mice.
(D) Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis of the actin binding proteins Arp3 and cofilin (green), colocalized with cytocrome c (red) and cortactin (green), colocalized with Hsp60 (red) in mock treated or Sept2 depleted Drp1 -/- MEF cells. Scale bars: 10 µm.
E Western blot analysis in C57#1 and C57#3 DLP mouse prostate organoid lines adapted to grow in the absence of A83-01 vs. normal control organoids cultured in complete medium (ENRAD). Immunoblots are displayed for Chek1 (ATR signalling mediator), Trp53 and p21.
All 131 candidate proteins were used to identify over-represented GO Biological Process terms, which are represented in the following network. Novel processes 'translation' and 'peptide metabolic process' are outlined. The node size corresponds to the number of candidate proteins associated with a particular term. The node colour corresponds to the associated term"s p-value. The line thickness corresponds to the kappa score value to show interrelatedness as defined in the legend. Node position and line length were created arbitr
I, J Protein blotting (I) and quantification (J) of phospho eIF2α (p-eIF2α) relative to total eIF2α; n=4 transfections, * p<0.05, unpaired t test, mean ± SD.
A) Representative images of 14DIV neurons stained for surface AMPARs (GluA, green), Bassoon (blue) and tubulin (red) in the different tested conditions. Arrowheads point to postsynaptic GluA clusters. Scale bar: 5µm. B) Quantification of the surface synaptic AMPARs normalized to the total number of Bsn shows a decrease of the surface synaptic AMPAR clusters upon chronic application of the PTX3 blocking antibody to mixed cultures (Ctr=1.000±0.063, PTX3 block=0.694±0.069, isotype Ab=0.876±0.077. Number of fields examined: 34, 23, 19 respectively; one-way ANOVA analysis of variance, p<0.0001 followed by post hoc Tukey test as indicated in figure; 3 independent experiments, data are presented as normalized mean values ±SEM)
Wild type and mps1-3 cells were synchronised in G1 with α-factor at 25°C and then released at 34°C in the absence (B) of nocodazole (t=0). Cells were collected at the indicated time points for western blot analysis of the indicated proteins. Equal amounts of protein extracts were loaded on two different gels, for western blot of Spc105-3PK and Clb2/Pgk1 respectively. Clb2 was used as mitotic marker and Pgk1 as loading control. Cyc: cycling cells.
(A) Western blotting of the "S" and "R" membrane fractions in SKOV3-Empty "E" and OCPML "O" cells for PTPRG
D) Representative coronal brain sections processed for detection of ∆N-DGKk using immunohistochemistry on Fmr1-KO mice treated with indicated treatment, 8 weeks post-injections, counter stained with eosin hematoxylin. Adjacent sections were immunolabelled with NeuN. 3 mice per genotype were processed. The sections shown are between Bregma levels -1.50 mm and -1.80 mm. Scale bar is 2 mm. Magnifications of regions of cortex (c), hippocampus (h), and striatum (s) are shown in side panels, scale bar 200 µm.
Immunofluorescent staining for αv, β3 or β5 integrins in human normal astrocytes, chondrocytes, skin and lung fibroblasts.
B-D. Relationships between pairs of the phenotypic traits depicted in A. Panels from left to right: the Ruler, Timer and Sizer models, and cortex Col-0 data. Symbols in the three left-most panels represent simulated data of individual simulated root files (gray triangles for Ruler, pink squares for Timer and red diamonds for Sizer, n=30 each). Data from individual cortex files in Col-0 is in green circles (n=30). Dashed lines are minimum square linear fits. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) for each pair of data are indicated. p stands for the p-value using standard Pearson correlation test. Continuos lines as in Fig. 2 C-E but for the corresponding parameter values (Table EV3).
(B) Co-immunoprecipitation experiment in S2R+ cells co-expressing FlagMyc-tagged Ythdf and Myc-tagged Fmr1. Ythdf was used as a bait via its Flag tag. The lysate was treated with Benzonase as indicated to remove interactions enabled by RNA.
Phase-contrast images of cancer organoids which entered growth arrest upon treatment with Wnt agonists (Wnt3a/RSPO1) over 2 passages (Scale bar: 500µm). Differences in cell number were confirmed by the respective cell viability assays (performed in technical triplicates). Data represent the mean ±SEM for 5 different OC organoid lines (n=5). *** p < 0.001, two-sided Student`s t-test.
(E) A diagram demonstrating our working model for the role of ULK1-mediated phosphorylation at S278 in wild-type and T300A ATG16L1 background.
(D) Immunoblot revealed strong reduction of VGLUT1 levels in the homogenate (H) and LP2 fraction of Clcn3unc/unc/Clcn4-/- mice.
D Heat map of BIC1-regulated genes. The Col-0 and 35S:BIC1-YFP seedlings were grown on 1/2 MS medium for 10 days. Three biologic replicates were performed. The colored bar beneath the map indicates fold change (log2 value).
U2OS cells treated with STLC and MG132 for 0.5 hr were subjected to further treatment with Reversine, AZ3146 or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, vehicle control) for 1 hr in the continued presence of STLC and MG132. Example images of the immunofluorescence staining are shown (H).
(a-d) IB3-1 cells transfected for 24 h at 37 °C with 1 μg of pGFP-CFTRF508del or empty vector in the presence or absence of 250 μM cystamine or with either 50 nM humanp62 siRNA or scrambled oligonucleotides.(d) Surface biotinylation assays was performed with membrane-impermeable sulpho-NHS-LC-biotin. The cells were fractioned to obtain the plasma membrane fraction, and biotinylated proteins were precipitated with streptavidin beads. Immunoblot of GFP to reveal the C form. E-cadherin and β-actin were used as positive and negative controls, respectively.
C Viral titers in serum, lung, brain, and spleen samples of RBM47+/+ and RBM47+/- mice at day 1 post VSV infection.The viral titer data are represented as the means ± SD of n = 6 biological replicates. Data information: The data shown are representative of n = 3 independent experiments. NS, non-significant; * P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ***P ≤ 0.001 (Student's t-test).
Cell extracts from asynchronously growing or mitotic RPE-EGFP-FAM110A cells were incubated with CSNK1D antibody or control IgG immobilized on protein A/G beads. Bound proteins were probed with antibody against GFP or CK1δ. Staining for pS10-H3 was used as marker of the mitotic population.
HeLa cells transfected with either RNF146 or control siRNA for 24 h followed by transfection of HA-ubiquitin for another 24 h; MG132 (10 μM) was added for 4 h and lysed with RIPA, followed by anti-BRD7 IP and analysed by Western blot with the indicated antibodies (n=3).
(C) Novel object recognition test from Nedd4-2 WT (n = 8) or Nedd4-2 cKO (n = 8) mice (6-8 weeks old). Schematic representation of the test (left). Mice explored the chamber with two identical objects for 10 min during the training day. Twenty-four hrs later, mice returned to the chamber with one of the objects replaced by a novel object. Exploration time of familiar and novel objects on testing session (middle) and the preference index for the novel object (right) were measured. The dash line represents the 50% chance of exploring either of the objects.
(d) Western blot showing FLCN and FLCNΔDENN expression in stable UOK257 derived cell lines.
B. HuH7 cells were transfected with a control gapmer or with two gapmers targeting EGOT and RNA was isolated 72h post-transfection. Then, the levels of EGOT, ISG15 and GBP1 mRNAs were evaluated by qRT-PCR.
A Sensitivity of scc2-4 and scc2-4 irc5-Δ1 mutants to DNA damaging agents at permissive temperature 25°C. Logarithmically growing cultures of wild type (W303-1a), irc5-Δ1 (IL012), scc2-4 (TB069) and irc5-Δ1 scc2-4 (TB070) strains were 10-fold serially diluted and plated onto solid YPD containing indicated concentrations of DNA damaging agents
C) Acetylation tracks for H3K9/14ac and H3K27ac ChIP-seq (on the left) and corresponding FPKM values by RNA-seq (on the right) for representative genes in YC, YT, OC and OT FAPs.
Subcellular fractionation of CLESCs into cytoplasm/membrane (C+M) and nuclear (N) fractions. Materials were analyzed by immunoblotting for Prom1 (H) and Arl13b (I). As controls, membranes were blotted for anti-Lamin A/C (nuclei markers) and GapDH (cytoplasm marker). Molecular mass markers are indicated. Note the presence of full-length Prom1 as well as Arl13b in nuclear fraction.
(E) Correlation statistics for the localization of 3Flag-MITOL wild-type, K268A, or K268R mutants with catalase. Dots indicate individual Pearson correlation coefficient data points. In the box-plots, the center lines indicate the medians, the box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles as determined in the R software package, and the whiskers extend 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles. Means and the number of samples are shown on the box and X-axis, respectively. Statistical significance was calculated using a one-tailed Welch's t-test.
(A) Binucleation was assessed blinded in H&E stained sections of murine non-tumor (NT) and tumor tissue (T) T: wt n=14, Casp-2-/- n=11, Raidd-/- n=10, Pidd1-/- n=10; NT: wt n=8, Casp-2-/- n=10, Raidd-/- n=8, Pidd1-/- n=9. N-numbers refer to biological replicates.
(A) Kaplan Meier plots from survival analyses of human ER-/PR- breast cancers showing distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) based on the expression of the indicated genes or gene combinations. HR: hazard ratio. p-value from log-rank test.
(d) Relative CK2α protein concentration over time following microinjection of Pfa344 CK2α with Pin1-specific IgY or nonspecific IgY (control). Data represent mean values ± s.d. Full gels corresponding to those in panels a-c are in Supplementary Figures 10 and 11.
Healthy mice were tail vein injected with 10 nmol TLR7-54 (circles) or FA-TLR7-54 (squares), and peripheral blood was collected at indicated time points after drug injection. (G) Change in body weight as a measure of systemic toxicity during alternate day dosing (n=2).
Sorted thymic NKT1 and NKT2 cells were labeled with CellTrace Violet, and activated by anti-CD3ε/CD28 Dynabeads for 2 days, in the presence of different [EGTA] in the medium. CellTrace Violet/CTV signal in living cells at the end of the culture is shown. Cell proliferation was quantified as division index based on CTV signals in (a).
(c) HeLa cells depleted of WASH1 were transfected with GFP-LC3 for 24 h, immunostained for endogenous ATG9A, and imaged by confocal microscopy.
(c) HCT116 cells were transfected with SIRT2 RNAi plasmid or an empty control plasmid. At 48 h after transfection, the cytosolic lysate was extracted for probing with SIRT2 or FoxO1 (upper panels), or for co-immunoprecipitation with anti-FoxO1, followed by probing with anti-acetylated lysine (lower panels). IB, immunoblot.
VPA (1 mM) treatment counteracted rapamycin-induced H4K16ac downregulation (c) and decreased the LC3 ratio (d).
(A) Enrichment of the ZEB1, AP-1 and TEAD4 DNA-binding motifs is shown, as identified by HOMER known motif analysis on 200 bp regions centred on different subsets of ZEB1 peak summits.
Immunoblot analysis of total and phosphorylated STAT1 expression in thymocytes isolated from WT and Cd4cre A1fl/fl mice (n = 2 for each group). The expression of GAPDH is shown as a reference.
(e). Drp1 rescues PINK1KO induced ATP reduction in Drosophila. ATP contents of thorax muscle tissues from the indicated genotypes were measured and normalized against the protein levels One-way ANOVA followed with Tukey's test. ***p<0.001, ns: no significance. Data was presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments.
(A) Phenotypes of wild type (Col), kup9 mutants (kup9-1 and kup9-2) and the kup9-1/ProKUP9:KUP9 complementation lines (COM1 and COM2). Seeds were germinated and grown on low-K+ (LK, 50 μM) or high-K+ (HK, 5 mM) medium for 7 d. Scale bar, 1 cm.
(A) Basal oxygen consumption in Flp-In 293 HA-IKKε wt, Flp-In 293 HA-IKKε KD-m and Flp-In 293 HA-IKKε UbLD-m cells following treatment with doxycycline (Dox, 16 hours), measured using Oroboros high resolution respirometry. Data are normalised to non-treated control cells.
A Average frequency distribution for sequence read mid-point data in the size range of 122-137 bp centred on the CTCF binding site (n=9516). This shows a distinctive peak corresponding to the CTCF protein complex, which is present in pl-iPSC, but reduced in NPC. B Average frequency distribution for sequence read mid-point data centred on the CTCF binding site in the size range of 162-188 bp, corresponding to larger nucleosome footprints, for pl-iPSC and NPC cells. This shows that the pattern of nucleosome positioning is independent of the amount CTCF protein complex. Although positioned nucleosomes are retained flanking CTCF sites, their positions are shifted closer to the CTCF site and their spacing is altered. C Average frequency distribution for sequence read mid-point data centred on the CTCF site for pl-iPSC (162-188 bp) and K562 (total MNase-seq data) cells. Positioned nucleosomes are retained flanking CTCF sites in K562 cells, but with shifted positions and altered spacing.
Individual cell speed in an experiment involving 283 WT (black dots) and 305 Arghap45−/− (red dots) naïve T cells, respectively. Same conditions as in (B). Four replicates shown in panel H. n ean and SD are shown. **** P ≤ 0.0001, unpaired T test.
(B) Schematic of MRP truncations used to characterize targeting properties of MRP N-termini: MRPFull as control, MRP∆30 to check if the N-terminus is necessary, MRP1-30 to check if it is sufficient (top) and the schematics of expected GFP localization in case the N-terminus is MTS-like (necessary and sufficient) or not (bottom);
(D) Control and ZDHHC5 siRNA-treated HeLa cells were mixed and stained for ZDHHC5, α5-integrin, and VPS35. KD cells are indicated with an asterisk.
a) Rate of mitochondrial O2·- detection in WT and Pink1 KO mice primary neurons.
a) FBXL2 binds p85α and p85β. HEK293T cells were transfected with either an empty vector (EV) or the indicated FLAG-tagged F-box proteins (FBPs). 24 h post-transfection, cells were treated with MG132 for 3 h before collection for immunoprecipitation (IP) and immunoblotting as indicated. WCL, whole-cell lysate.
Kugel number was significantly decreased by inhibition of Notch signalling by 12h treatment with 50µM DAPT (****p<0.0001; control n=24 embryos 9.38 ± 1.77 (mean ± s.e.m.), DAPT n=24 embryos 0.92 ± 0.28 (mean ± s.e.m.); 4dpf; 3 experimental repeats; Mann-Whitney U test).
(B) Immunoblot after co-immunoprecipitation (IP) of RIPK3. FT, flow through. (C) Relative quantification of A20 in RIPK3-IP fraction (means and statistical significance established for 0, 2, 4.5 and 8 hour time points from three independent experiments ± standard deviation; two-tailed Student's t-test *P<0.05, **P<0.01, n.s., P>0.05).
(a) Mitochondria from MEFs from Parl WT (+/+) and KO (−/−) mice were treated with the indicated doses of proteinase K (Prot.K) for 30 min on ice and then immunoblotted for the indicated proteins. Full-length and cleaved PGAM5 bands are indicated with arrows.
D Western blot analysis of T40PL cells transfected with either pCMV or TFEB, allowed to recover for 24 h, and then treated with 0.5 µg/ml doxycycline and either DMSO or 50-µM Leupeptin for 48 h prior to lysis. Black line denotes cropped lanes from a single immunoblot.
(E) Immunohistochemical staining for cGAS at 3 d of reperfusion after tMCAO in peri-ischemic area as well as in the corresponding regions of sham control brains. Scale bars, 50 μm, 20 μm in insets. (F) Quantitative analysis of cGAS immunohistochemical staining. n = 6 mice per group. **P<0.01, two-tailed unpaired Student's t test.
C Network view of TF-TF cross-regulation. Directed edges indicate how transcription factors regulate each other's expression. Edge width is proportional to the magnitude of gene expression change (for clarity capped at a value corresponding to absolute log2(Fold Change) of 0.8).
G Plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test; n = 11 mice for no MI in both ZT groups, n = 7 for ZT5 and n = 8 for ZT13 24h post MI; ZT5 vs. ZT13: *P = 0.0271 (CXCL12, no MI), *P = 0.0108 (TNFα, 24h MI), *P = 0.001 (G-CSF, 24h MI), *P = 0.005 (CXCL1, 24h MI), *P = 0.0005 (CXCL2, 24h MI), *P = 0.0016 (CCL3 24h MI), *P = 0.0144 (CCL5, 24h MI).
Proliferative capacity of HeLa/GFP-DNMT1 cells transfected with indicated siRNAs and exposed to the indicated 5-azadC doses for 2 h was assayed by measuring cell proliferation with the SRB assay (mean±SEM; n=3 independent experiments; ***p<0.001, Student's t-test).
E. Time-dependent AUC analysis of individual circle RNA and cirScore for predicting recurrence in the training dataset. P-values are shown for the indicated comparison of AUC between each marker and cirScore. Student's t-test, AUC=area under the curve.