EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
(D) Transmission electron micrographs of 293 cells transfected with p55/TNFR1 (1) or DRP-1 Δ73 (2a and 2b; parts of these figures are magnified at the right) and treated with the caspase inhibitor BD-fmk (100 μM). Immature autophagic vesicles (double arrow), autophagic vesicles (black arrow), and autolysosomes (white arrow) are shown. m, mitochondria; g, Golgi apparatus.
A RT-qPCR analysis of USP33 mRNA levels in HT1080 cells treated with additional NaCl (+17, 34 and 51 mM) for 6 and 12 hrs. Data information: Data (A) represent mean and SD of four biological replicates For all statistical testing, p values were calculated using two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test. NS, not signiﬁcant (p > 0.05).
(O,O') Details of P28 WT and HET retinae indicating decreased number of Brn3a+ neurons (arrowheads) in the GCL of HET animals.
Boxplots indicating the expression level of known brain dysfunctional biomarkers in control (n=12), mild (n=13) and severe (n=18) patients. Differences between groups were estimated using Kruskal-Wallis test. The horizontal box lines in the boxplots represent the first quartile, the median, and the third quartile. Whiskers denote the range of points within the first quartile − 1.5× the interquartile range and the third quartile + 1.5× the interquartile range.
(C) Scatterplots of Repli-seq vs. the difference in smoothed pA-DamID z-scores between mid-S sorted cells and either G1 or G2 sorted cells for K562 and HCT116 cells (two replicates). Bins with pA-DamID differences between G1 and G2 bigger than 0.2 were filtered out to prevent artifacts from cell cycle dynamics. Blue line shows a fitted loess curve. The Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) between the absolute Repli-seq signal and pA-DamID difference was used as a measure of the enriched signal at mid-S replicating DNA (with a Repli-seq score around zero).
(A) Primary airway epithelial cells were isolated from tracheas of Atg7+/+ and Atg7-/- mouse and were evaluated by immunoblotting.
Cross-reactivity of antisera raised against SARS-CoV structural and non-structural proteins.Selected antisera previously raised against SARS-CoV nsps and structural proteins cross-react with corresponding SARS-CoV-2 proteins. SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells (m.o.i. of 0.3) were fixed at 12 or 24 h p.i. For immunofluorescence microscopy, cells were (double) labelled with (a) a rabbit antiserum recognising nsp4 and a mouse mAb recognising dsRNA; (b) anti-nsp4 rabbit serum and a mouse mAb directed against the N protein; (c-e) rabbit antisera recognising against nsp3, nsp13 and the M protein, respectively. Nuclear DNA was stained with Hoechst 33258. Bar, 20 µm.
A549 cells were infected with S. pneumoniae R6 WT or ΔcbpC for 2 h and fixed and stained with DAPI and -GM130 antibody. Representative epifluorescence images are shown. Scale bars, 10 µm. The percentages of intact Golgi apparatus-containing cells were quantified.
J) 24 h ALH Larval brains from wild-type control (UAS-β-Gal RNAi), mutant control (UAS-β-Gal RNAi + klp64Dk5h), and rescued animals (UAS-E-cad7 + klp64Dk5h) were processed for EdU incorporation, and larval brains were probed by with EdU, Dpn, and Mira. K) Quantification graph of NSCs negative for EdU incorporation per brain lobe for genotypes in (J). n=10 BL for control; n=12 BL for klp64Dk5h; n=10 BL for UAS-E-cad7 + klp64Dk5h. ****p<0.0001; p=0.3006 (ns).
(B) Non-supervised clustering heatmap plot indicates substantial clustering of transcripts from each tissue but not of transcripts from patients compared to controls. PD samples indicated in red.
(C)Pexophagy was assayed by Pex13-GFP breakdown in pex3Δ cells carrying plasmids as above.
(A) Schematic overview of transgenic parasite lines. To generate CSPSIINFEKL, SIINFEKL replaced amino acids SYIPSAEK in CSP. To generate UIS4SIINFEKL, SIINFEKL was adjoined to the carboxyl-terminus of the UIS4 protein.
C. Quantification of 5'-ETS RNA levels in HeLa cells infected with an anti-DCP2 or a non-targeting shRNA and expressing GFP, PNRC1WT or PNRC1W300A transgenes. The average of 2 independent experiments ± SD is reported.
(C-F) RAW264.7 cells were transfected with miR-155 mimic (C and E) or inhibitor (D and F) for 24 h and either left uninfected or infected with BCG. Protein expression levels of Rheb were detected by Western-blot. Values of Rheb/β-actin ratios are indicated below the representative blot (C and D), and expression levels of Rheb mRNA were detected by RT-PCR (E and F).
(A) Effect of clodronate liposomes on tumor growth inhibition induced by COMBO treatment in in mice bearing A375 tumors. Tumor growth is expressed as % change of the initial tumor. Macrophage depletion by clodronate liposome enhanced the tumor growth of tumors treated with the combination of PLX4720 and bevacizumab (n=5 mice/group), *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 versus vehicle (vehicle Clodronate P = 0.049, COMBO P = 5.72E-06) ŦP < 0.05 compared to COMBO (P = 0.033).
(E) The number of binucleated hepatocytes per field was counted on H&E stained paraffin sections of PBS treated wt and Pidd1-/- mice at t(0h) and at t(48h) after PBS or DEN treatment. N-numbers refer to biological replicates.
H. Nucleotide content of single-stranded RNA substrates, ranked from slow (top) to fast (bottom) decay by dmDis3l2.I. Cumulative distribution of decay rates for RNA substrates with the indicated nucleotide at each one of four randomized position at the 3′ end of the substrate RNA. P-Value was determined by Mann-Whitney test comparing individual nts against all.
A) Representative isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) binding curves of CEACAM-N domains and β-IgSF duplicates. Experiments were performed using β-IgSF and N domains of (r)CEACAM1 (CC1), CEACAM3 (CC3), CEACAM5 (CC5), CEACAM6 (CC6) and CEACAM8 (CC8). B) Representative flow cytometry plots analyzing the interaction of rCC1, CC3, CC5, CC6 or CC8 (10 μg/ml) with GBS A909. Fluorescence of bacteria was measured by flow cytometry. Representative data from n = 3 independent experiments.
A Time lapse confocal images of PHcrac at the basal surface of a giant cell, which recruits RacGEF1ΔN to membrane at time 0 induced by rapamycin.
(C) Quantification of anterograde, retrograde, mean velocity, and linear flow rate of BDNF-mCherry trafficking into cortical neurons obtained from WT (n= 753 vesicles/ 81 axons), HTTSA (n= 812 vesicles/ 81 axons), or HTTSD (n= 787 vesicles/ 82 axons) homozygous knock-in mice in which S421 of HTT was replaced by an alanine (HTTS421A/S421A or HTTSA), mimicking the absence of phosphorylation, or by an aspartic acid (HTTS421D/S421D or HTTSD), mimicking constitutive phosphorylation (3 independent experiments; one-way ANOVA test with Tukey's multiple comparisons). Data information: , ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. Data are presented as the means ± SEM.
F-G) HeLa cells were treated as in B) and then fixed and stained with ULK1 (green) (F) or ATG13 (red) antibodies (G) respectively. Hoechst was used to stain nuclei. Graphs (right) show the average of both ULK1 (F) (n=3 independent experiments, n=11 fields analysed) or ATG13 (n=3 independent experiments, n≥16 fields analysed) (G) puncta number per cell and both ULK1 (n=3 independent experiments) (F) or ATG13 (n=3 independent experiments) (G) fold of increase of the average size respectively. White arrows indicate most representative puncta of analysed conditions. All data are reported as the mean value ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test. **, P<0,01; ****, P<0.0001 or by unpaired Student's t‐test when two groups were compared. *, P<0.05; ****, P<0.0001. Scale bar 5 μm.
Fraction of surviving cells over time in GSC#1 and GSC#9, transduced with control (shc) or bi-cistronic GFP plasmids using two different short hairpin RNA (shMALT1 sequences, seq #1 and #2). Data are plotted as the percentage of GFP-positive cells at the day of the analysis (Dx), normalized to the starting point (Day 4 post-infection, D4).
J) WB analysis of the expression of E-cad, vimentin and Mmp7 in SNU719 and SNU-4th cells.
B, C Additional PrP mutants were examined by Western blot with Sha31 after PNGaseF digestion of RK13 cell lysates. A schematic of the different lengths of C2 caused by single mutations in the OR is shown in the lower portion of (C).
Change in the Nuc/Cyto ratios (log2) between sihnRNPK- and siNT-treated cells, for the genes bound by hnRNPK (from (B)) and other genes. Enrichment ratios, boxplots, and statistical test are as in D. As in (E), for changes in gene expression, computed by DESeq2.
Summary plot of 51 proteins enriched in the immobilized pY1212 peptide precipitate. 10 proteins (red oval) were selected for further analysis. PSM: peptide-spectrum matches. Area: average area of spectra for the three most abundant peptides in arbitrary units.
(C) PC3-B2 cells were transfected with control or siCTH-1 and then were subjected to migration (16h) and invasion (24h) assays. Data information: Data shown represent the means ± SD (n=3 biological replicates). Student's t-test was used for the statistical analysis (*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001).
Immunostaining of indicated differentiated iPSC cultures at DIV65. Cells were stained for TH (red) and β-TubIII, FOXA2, NURR1, GIRK2 and VMAT2 (all green). Cell nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst (blue). (Bars, 20 μm).
Immunoblotting to detect TNF-induced degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α, or phosphorylation of IKK in immortalized Hoip+/+ and HoipK778R/K778R MEFs treated with human TNF (20ng/ml) for the indicated times. Immunoblots of anti-Vinculin antibody and anti-α-Tubulin antibody shown for monitoring loading amount. Representative data from three independent experiments
(B) Analysis of ubiquitylated forms of Rpl25-GFP in wild-type and the indicated mutant cells as in A.
h, i, LDH release and IL-1b secretion from BMDMs infected for 16 h or transfected with LPS. Graphs show mean and s.d. of quadruplicate wells and data are representative of two (e, i) and three (a-d, f-h) independent experiments. *P  0.05, **P  0.01; NS, not significant (two-tailed t-test).
(A) Huh7 cells transfected with HBV construct were prestained with MitoTracker (Mito, red) and subsequently, immunostained with anti-Parkin (green) and anti-HBsAg (white) antibodies. Nuclei are demarcated with white dots. Transfected (+) and untransfected (−) cells are marked. In the zoomed images, yellow color indicates the accumulation of endogenous Parkin recruited to the mitochondria. Quantification of fluorescence intensity of Parkin aggregates on the mitochondria in HBV-expressing cells.
CD1-nu/nu mice carrying PC9 xenografts were divided in groups (2-3 mice/group) and treated for seven days with different TKIs: erlotinib (50 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg), osimertinib (5 mg/kg) or afatinib (5 mg/kg), either alone or in combination with 2XmAbs (cetuximab and trastuzumab, each at 0.1 mg/mouse/injection). when singly applied used erlotinib at 50 mg/kg. (A) Shown are fold changes in tumor volume at day 7 of treatment. The horizontal line indicates no change in tumor volume (fold change) between days 0 and 7 of treatment.
A non-heme oxidase UndA is required for the production of a 11-carbon olefin, 1-undecene, a volatile. This volatile induces calcium signaling in AWB odor sensory neurons leading to aversion response (FLIGHT) as well as upregulation of pathogen-specific immune response genes (FIGHT) and resistance in C. elegans.
Phospholipid accumulation in Δatg5 promastigotes.Negative ion survey scans (650-900 m/z) of WT (A) and Δatg5 (B) promastigotes extracted for lipids and analysed by ES-MS, as described in Materials and Methods. a = (alkylacyl).
Bar plot showing the mean of (B) centromere length (n = 4) as determined by whole genome sequencing. Error bars represent the SEM of four independent experiments. Acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 21 and 22 were marked by a line as we could not assign the respective reads. Dashed lines indicate the mean. Bars were labeled with asterisks according to the significance of their difference from the mean (t-test). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001. Bars represent the sum of the length
B Serum levels of leptin in WT and FADD-D mice (n = 4 for each genotype) fed a SD or a HFD. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. *P = 0.0032, **P = 0.0003, ***P = 0.0038 (one-way ANOVA).
E. Speed profiles of invading parasites The relative displacement of the apical tip over time allowed speed calculations. Individual stages were named in regard to the invasion step (Penetration initiation, Speed decrease and finalisation). Invasion was analysed with Icy Image Processing Software (Pasteur Institut) using the Manual Tracking plugin by analysing each movie 10 times and averaging the measurements
E Changes in body weight of mice that received AAV control or PLTP during 10 weeks of HFD. n=8 for GFP, n=10 for PLTP and n=10 for PLTPM159E. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 relative to PLTPM159E by two-way ANOVA repeated measures followed by Bonferroni's test.
Bar charts showing the fractions of 3' and 5' splicing intermediate reads from plaNET-seq in NRPB2WT +/+ nrpb2-2 -/- (NRPB2WT, blue) and NRPB2Y732F +/+ nrpb2-2 -/- (NRPB2Y732F ,red).
Size of lung primary tumours measured at day 30 after lung orthotopic injection either with H1299control (n=14 mice per group; experimental groups of 6 and 8 different shading within the groups represents two independent experiments) or with H1299RASSF1A cells stably re-expressing RASSF1A, (n=12 mice per group; experimental groups of 6 and 6). The size of primary tumours was measured by MRI software ITK-SNAP. Statistical significance via 2-tailed Student's t-test. Error bars represent mean ± S.E.M.
Schematic drawing of a SecYEG-ND particle. Lateral dimensions of the nanodisc should be appropriate to accommodate a single SecYEG with surroundings lipids, thus mimicking the naturally occurring environment.
Representative images show the localisation of IFT88, KIF17 and KIF7 in RPE1 WT and SEPT2-KO cells after 48h serum starvation (SS) stained with indicated antibodies (a) White arrows point to the base and tip localisation of KIF7. Scale bar: 3µm. Three biological replicates, n>80 cilia per sample and repetition.
d, Absence of GFP-LC3 dot formation in Atg5-/- mouse heart. Various tissues from Atg5-/- mice expressing GFP-LC3 were analysed for dot formation by fluorescence microscopy. A representative result from a neonatal heart at 3 h after birth is shown.
A, B. Centriolar distribution of ciliary adhesion complex related proteins Fak and Cp110 are not reduced following Ccdc108 depletion. Embryos were co-injected with GFP-Cp110 (A) GFP-Fak (B), Cetn4-RFP (purple) and each morpholino, and imaged at stage 18. >30 MCCs from 6 embryos for each condition. Data information: Quantitative data from three independent experiments were scored. Unpaired two-tailed t-test was performed (*** p<0.001; ** p<0.01). Mean ± s.d. values are also presented.
E The numbers of Ki-67-positive cells normalized to DAPI-stained cells (n = 8 HFs / group); One-way ANOVA with Dunnett's test compared to the control group.
(G) p53−/−Mdm2−/− MEF cells were transfected with HA‐Mdm2 plus Flag‐XIAP, Flag‐XIAP S87A or Flag‐XIAP S87D. Twenty‐four hours later, cells were treated with 20 μM MG-132 for another 4h. Cell lysates were subjected to immunoprecipitation with anti‐HA antibody. Immunoprecipitates were analysed by western blotting. The data are representative of two biological replicates.
(D) Scatter plot of ATAC-seq data for TGFβ + VitC vs TGFβ iTregs (left), TGFβ + RA + VitC vs TGFβ + RA iTregs (middle) and TGFβ + RA + VitC vs TGFβ iTregs (right). Differentially-accessible regions (DARs) are shown in color and the total number of DARs (N) are shown on each graph.
(C) Heatmaps represent log2 fold change in cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in the lungs or brain of B6.K18-hACE2IP-THV and B6.K18-ACE22prlmn/Jax mice at 3 dpi (n = 5-6/group). Data were normalized versus untreated controls.
C. Left, representative flow cytometric analysis with 7-AAD and AnnexinV, showing a significant decrease in apoptosis in Rb∆K7 MEFs relative to control. Right, significant differences in average percentage of live (7-AAD-:AnnexinV-) vs. apoptotic (7-AAD+:AnnexinV+) cells. Bars represent mean ±SD; P value calculated by two-tailed unpaired student's t-test; n=3 independent MEFs.
(B) Serine phosphorylation of cPLA2α in response to GBS strain K79 in control, EGFR knockout and S1P2 knockout HBMEC.
Analyses of the interaction between β-catenin and RAS. WCLs of DLD1 cells were immunoprecipitated with β-catenin or pan-RAS antibody and subjected to IB analyses
(E) Growth curves of wild-type control (WT) and car2 deletion strain (Δcar2). Strains were grown in EMM media with antimycin A and with either a mix of all amino acids (+AA mix) or different combinations of lysine (K), glutamine (Q), glutamic acid (E), or arginine (R) as indicated. Dashed line: time point where wild-type strain saturates in EMM with amino-acid mix.
F cGAMP production assays. Recombinant cGAS (10 μM), G3BP1(10 μM) and ZnCl2 (100 μM) were incubated with or without dsDNA (100 nM) as indicated. The produced cGAMP was quantitatively analyzed by LC-MS/MRM. n = 3 technical replicates. Data information: Error bars, mean with s.d. , *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, two-tailed t-test. NS, non-significant. NT, non-treated.
C Hypocotyl lengths of wild-type and tps1-2;GVG::TPS1 seedlings grown under continuous white light at 20 °C for 4 days followed by 3 days at 28 °C. The seedlings were grown on the medium containing either mock or 20 µM of dexamethasone (DEX). ns, not significant (Student's t-test P ≥ 0.05; n > 10). **P < 0.01 (Student's t-test); n > 10. Number indicates the ratio of hypocotyl lengths (Dex/Mock).
(A) Multisequence alignment of the first 30 amino acids of TFEB with MITF isoforms 1, 2, 3, and 7. The green arrows indicate the residues identified as essential for the interaction between TFEB and Rag proteins. Blue letters are to indicate conserved amino acid homology between the different proteins.
A) Density power radial kymograph of a representative time-lapse movie of the nests expansion process after blocking histoblasts proliferation by overexpressing Dacapo. Each horizontal line displays at each time point (left scale) the mean of the power value at every distance (bottom scale) to the nest-LECs border (vertical black line). Each phase is represented in a colored background with three different densities of purple. Power values color scale is on the right.
(D) Heatmaps showing average H3K27ac ChIP-seq signals in MPH at LIVER-ID domains overlapping (+) or not (-) with BRD4 SE. The arrow indicates the position of gene transcriptional start sites.
(B) Northern blot experiment shows the expression of RsaI during growth phase in the HG001, ∆ccpA mutant strain, and ∆codY mutant strain, in MHB medium with (+) or without (-) the addition of 1,5 g/L of D-glucose.
Schematic of recA transcriptional reporter, with gfp inserted between the two promoters and the recA gene, and recA regulatory network. LexA represses the P2 promoter. ClgR activates the P1 promoter. In the presence of ssDNA, RecA promotes the self-cleavage of LexA dimers, which induces all genes regulated by LexA, including recA.
(F) Electron microscopy of primary cilia derived from control or EML1-deficient cortical progenitors in DMSO-control or following EpothiloneD (EpoD) exposure (blue arrow: basal body, yellow arrow: appendages, red arrow: ciliary pockets). Data information: Scale bars: 0,5µm.
B, C, E. Annexin A4 based co-translocation assays of peptide binders and EGFP-mATG8s. In comparison to single peptides (B), triplication of peptides (C) or introduction of negative charges adjacent to the binding motif (E) increases the co-translocation extent of the peptide-sensors with their target mATG8. Control assays with non-target mATG8 are shown in expanded view figure 2.
Phospholipid species in WT, pldα6 and COM. Leaf samples (15 seedling each) from 4-leaf stage rice (Dongjin background) were collected and the different phospholipid species including carbon number and double bond number were determined. Values are means ± SD (n = 3 biological replicates). GA3 was dissolved in ethanol and seedlings treated with the same ethanol concentration were used as control.
A-C) Immunoblots of Gp96 and NMHCIIA levels from whole cell lysates (WCL) and Gp96 IP fractions (IP Gp96) of HeLa cells: (A) left untreated or treated with increasing concentrations of LLO for 15 min. (A, C) Quantifications of NMHCIIA in IP Gp96 are the mean±SEM (n≥3) (a.u. - arbitrary units).
BACE1 from 2-week-old mouse brains was immunoprecipitated and immunoblotted (left). Immunoprecipitated BACE1 activity was measured in vitro (right, n = 3). The values of Bace1−/− samples were subtracted as a background. N.S., P = 0.101.
YAP5SA induces miR-130a expression and represses IRF1 expression. A549 cells were transduced with control or YAP-5SA lentivirus and subjected to qRT-PCR analysis
Treatment schedule of patient M032, who received a PET scan two weeks before the start of the treatment (purple asterisk), followed by a baseline CT scan and every two months a follow-up CT scan (red asterisks). Metastases were surgically removed either shortly before the start of the treatment or after resistance occurred (post, M032R1-R5). PR, partial response; PD, progressive disease. Locations of the removed metastases are indicated in the illustration.
E Mice (6 per group) were infected with 500 pfu of one of the three IAVs. Viral titration by plaque assay was performed at 2 days post-infection using lung homogenates.
(C) In MGC80-3 and HGC-27 cells, lncPSCA-knockout resulted in significantly enhanced cell proliferation comparing with the control cells. Stably lncPSCA overexpression could obviously inhibit viability of gastric cancer cells. Data show one representative example of three biological replicates.
(A) Western blots of F-actin to G-actin ratio from Nedd4-2 WT or Nedd4-2 cKO forebrains at postnatal day 14. Representative western blots and quantification are shown (n = 10 mice for Nedd4-2 WT and Nedd4-2 cKO).
C Immunofluorescent analyses of USP33 (red), the hypoxia marker CA9 (green), and the stem cell marker SOX2 (gray) in human primary GBMs. Arrows indicate the USP33+/CA9+/SOX2+ cells. Scale bar, 80 µm.
J) Activation of the circuit starts via olfactory input (OB-AON-Amygdala) or tactile input from the pups to the MPOA of the hypothalamus and proceeds via the VTA-NA-VP axis to the output region of the circuit inducing attraction toward infants. After non-exposure to pups and social exposure to pups (6 h) coronal sections (40 μm) of Shank2+/+ and Shank2-/- mice were prepared and the number of c-Fos positive cells in this neuronal pathway analyzed. Shank2-/- mice displayed major impairment in the neuronal activation pattern of the circuit regulating social attachment behavior in comparison to Shank2+/+ mice. AON, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: P=0.118, effect of pup exposure: **P=0.003, pup exposure x genotype interaction: P=0.561, AMY, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: P=0.227, effect of pup exposure: ***P<0.001, genotype x pup exposure interaction: P=0.073, LS, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: ***P<0.001, effect of pup exposure: ***P<0.001, genotype x pup exposure interaction: ***P<0.001, BNST, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: P=0.201, effect of pup exposure: ***P<0.001, genotype x pup exposure interaction: P=0.205, MPOA, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: *P=0.013, effect of pup exposure: **P=0.003, genotype x pup exposure interaction: *P=0.01. VTA, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: **P=0.008, effect of pup exposure: **P=0.002, genotype x pup exposure interaction: **P=0.007. NAcc, two-way ANOVA, effect of genotype: **P=0.003, effect of pup exposure: **P=0.002, pup exposure x genotype interaction: **P=0.014. Shank2+/+ and Shank2-/- without pup contact n = 3, Shank2+/+ and Shank2-/- with pup contact n = 5. Data information: All data are presented as mean ± SEM, NS: not significant.