EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
B: Predicted functions of the P. berghei NTH protomer in the lipid bilayer showing functional domains I-III and corresponding functional activities.
H, I The analysis of male-female mating behaviors showed that the mating frequency (H) and duration (I) of the miR-200b/a KD mice were significantly reduced compared to those of the NC mice (NC: n=11 mice, miR-200b/a KD: n=10 mice; data represent the mean±SEM; **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; Student's t-test).
The expression of HA-Dvl (upper panels) and the indicated forms of Flag-INVS (lower panels) are shown by immunoblots; α-tubulin was used as an internal control.
(B) mAtg9 interacted with non‐muscle myosin heavy chain‐IIA (NMHC‐IIA) under starvation conditions. 293T cells (right panel) or 293T cells stably infected with lentivirus expressing control (shLuc), UNC‐51‐like kinases (Ulk1) or zipper‐interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) shRNA (left panel) were transfected with V5‐tagged mAtg9 and GFP-tagged NMHC‐IIA. At 48 h after transfection, cells were incubated in either serum‐containing medium (DMEM) or EBSS for 2 h with or without the treatment of 50 μM ML‐7 and blebbistatin (Blebb). Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti‐V5 antibody and immunoblotted with indicated antibodies.
D. Brain lysate as in (A) was incubated with GST or GST-nCLCb proteins with boundaries as indicated. Specifically bound proteins were detected by Western blot with antibody against CLCs.
D. WB analysis demonstrated that PPP1R13L-shRNA downregulated the putative iASPP band.
(B) Time‐lapse of TFEB‐ and Rab7‐positive lysosomes from the boxed region in (A). Time intervals are in seconds.
B-C. Validation of the differential turnover time of the dbTIS and aTIS derived proteoforms of MARE2 and AN32E. Selective C-terminal V5-tagged proteoforms were overexpressed in HCT116 cells for 24 hours and CHXpulse-chase experiments were performed as described for Jurkat cells. Degradation of overexpressed proteoforms was monitored by an anti-V5 antibody and compared to the turnover of stable proteins such as actin and tubulin.
(F) Comparison between class averages of purified prApe1 dodecamers with class averages of prApe1 dodecamers that were co-purified with Atg19.
(C) Terminal Restriction Fragment (TRF) analysis of telomeric DNA to detect 3'overhang processing of genomic DNA isolated from SMCHD1 wild-type or SMCHD1 knockout HeLa inducible shTRF2 cells treated as in the experiment in (B). (Left) Radiolabeled (CCCTAA)n probe was hybridized with a short run (upper panel) and long run (lower panel) native DNA gel to detect the signal of the telomeric 3' overhang. Samples used for the short and the long run were from the same digestion split into two. Exo I treatment (+ Exo) was used as a control that single stranded telomeric signal was terminal. (Right) The total TTAGGG signal in the same lane was deteced upon denaturation and hybridization with the same probe.
L In vivo experimental design for MitoT in Balb/c mice transplanted with MitoTracker Green labeled MSCs.
Graph reporting the normalized Luciferase activity of miR-9 promoter, expressed as fold over the untreated condition, in FaDu cells serum starved and then stimulated with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) for up to two hours. Data represent the mean (±SD) of three independent experiments performed in duplicate and one-way ANOVA test was used to verify the statistical significance.
(d) Schematic representation of the ε-cleavage sites of CTF wildtype and selected K186 mutants. Residue 186 is indicated in bold. The location of helices is indicated by boxes.
Flowering time phenotype analysis of lines The percentages of plants with visible buds and the bolting rates were calculated on day 21 and day 24 after plant germination, respectively. Three independent biological repeats were conducted, and data from a total of 71 plants were used for statistical analysis. Data are mean ± s.d., (**), Statistical significance (two-tailed t-test) with P < 0.01.
(B) Structural models of UbL domains generated by PyMol (version 0.99). PDB IDs: Atg8 2ZPN, Atg12 3W1S, Dsk2, 2BWF, Hub1, 1M94, Mdy2 4GOC, Rad23 3M62, hsRad223B 1P1A, Rub1 1BT0, Smt3 1EUV, Urm1 2PK0, ubiquitin 1UBQ.
The Flag-Gasz (F-Gasz) complex was immunopurified from Zuc-lacking OSCs (Zuc KD) before (control) and after (Piwi KD) Piwi depletion and probed for detecting Armi and F-Gasz. F-Gasz was ectopically expressed prior to immunoprecipitation. Co-IP index (*) shows that the ratio of Armi amount in the F-Gasz complex isolated from Zuc-depleted cells (Zuc KD/control) and Zuc- and Piwi-depleted cells (Zuc KD/Piwi KD) is 1:0.31.
Expression of PID-2::eGFP (xfSi145) together with PID-4::mTagRFP-T (G) The indicated dashed boxes reflect zoom-ins on specific nuclei to better visualize the granules, and their overlaps. One L4 gonad is shown for each animal. Note that most of the L4 gonad is in pachytene stage. Arrow heads indicate individual condensates. Scale bar = 25 µ
The relative mRNA levels of genes associated with energy dissipation in ShScramble+ovCon, ShQKI+ovCon and ShQKI+ovQKI differentiated cells. The results represent 3 independent experiments.
(E) Immunoblot analysis of BAT cells stimulated with 8-Br-cAMP for 5 minutes in the presence of Wrtm, H89 or ESI-09 for the indicated proteins. All experiments were performed in triplicates, a representative replicate is presented.
UCSC Genome Browser custom tracks of m6A-seq reads along the indicated mRNAs in WT, Mettl14 KO, KO+WT, and KO+RK mESCs. The y-axis represents the normalized number of reads. Blue reads are from non-immunoprecipitated input libraries, and red reads are from m6A-IP libraries. Above the custom tracks, the thick blue boxes represent the protein coding regions (CDSs), the thin blue boxes represent the untranslated regions (UTRs), and the blue lines represent introns. The bars at the bottom of the custom tracks indicate the amplicon locations for MeRIP (m6A-IP)-qPCR assays (B) and METTL14 RIP-qPCR assays (C) to detect m6A-positive (red) and negative (blue) regions.
B Quantification of EdU uptake into mouse cortical neuron replisomes showed that nutrients inhibit ­mtDNA replication by ~60%, an effect that was blocked by AβOs. Error bars represent ± s.e.m. Statistical analyses were performed using Student"s two-tailed unpaired t-test and are representative of 3 independent a
(E) Total number of LC3 foci within a defined area of each cell (2500 voxels). There are significantly more foci in the HCT116 3/3 cell line (non‐parametric T‐test, P<0.01), the levels in HCT116 5/4 are higher, but the difference from HCT116 is not statistically significant. See also Supplementary Figure S5. Source data is available for this figure in the Supplementary Information.
(F) Images of MTPAP KD cells expressing mCherry-NDP52 under valinomycin treatment. The images are from Movie EV 7. Cyan, GFP-Parkin; magenta, mCherry-NDP52. Images are representative of two independent experiments. Scale bars, 10 µm
(C) Reaction progress was measured for the Twist COVID-19 synthetic RNA (MT007544.1) from 1 million molecules of virus (106), then titrated down by log10 dilutions. The colorimetric findings of the LAMP assay are based on a yellow to pink gradient with higher copies of SARS-CoV-2 RNA corresponding to a yellow color. The limit of detection (LoD) range is shown with a gradient after 30 minutes between 10 and 100 viral copies (lower right).
(A) Survival curves of XBP1fl/flIRE1fl/fl and XBP1ΔDC IRE1truncDC mice infected intraperitoneally with 500 Pru parasites. Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test, p=0,0004; n=10 mice per genotype.
Effect of HA-HuR expression on Ld infection of RAW 264.7 cells. Effect of HuR expression on cytokine expression in RAW 264.7 cells. HA-HuR was transfected to RAW 264.7 cells and infection was given for 24 hrs at a host to parasite 1:10 ratio. Levels of expression of different cytokines are measured in control or HA-HuR expressing RAW 264.7 cells infected with Ld (C). Scale bar 20 µm. Values are mean+/- s.e.m. and, n=3.
A. Left graph: VEGF-Aprotein levels in lenses of VEGF-Ahypermice (KI) are increased ~3-fold throughout life (measured at 2- and at 8.5-months of age; n=7 mice/group, 2 independent experiments). Graph shows mean ± SD. Right graph: VEGF-AmRNA levels are similarly increased in lenses of adult VEGF-Ahypermice (9-months old; n=7 mice/group, 3 independent experiments). Graph shows mean ± SEM. **P-value: 0.0095.
C Time-lapse imaging of proliferation of NucLight-labeled 1205Lu cells plated on plastic (left panel), Coll-1 (collagen-1; middle panel) or FRC-derived ECM (right panel) and treated with vehicle, 5 µM BRAFi or 2 µM BRAFi plus 0.01 µM MEKi using the IncuCyte ZOOM system. Each data point represents the mean of NucLight red nuclear objects per field ± SEM. ****P<0.0001, two-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test. Data are representative of n = 3 independent experiments.
Schematic of young (8 h) and old (24 h) lawn choice assay in a tripartite plate and choice index. n ≥ 3 assays. Individual data points indicate replicates with ~40 worms each. * P ≤ 0.05 as determined by two-tailed unpaired t-test. Error bars indicate SEM.
C Overall structure of Ca2+-bound BSP monomer. Ca2+ ions are shown as gray spheres. Color code is the same in (A-C).
HST western analysis, in biological duplicates, in the indicated genotypes. Coomassie blue staining (Coom.) provides a control for total protein loading.
(D) Localization of 3HA-GFP-Pgc1275-321 in doa10Δ cells. The ER was visualized by expression of Sec63-Cherry. Scale bar: 5 µm.
(E, F) Quantification of (E) the average granule density and (F) the average number of mucin granules/goblet cell (n=3 mice/group and 20 goblet cells evaluated/mouse). ***P0.001 as determined by the Student's t‐test.
(B) Cells stably expressing ZDHHC5-Myc show localization of ZDHHC5 to the plasma membrane and to intracellular tubules and vesicles. Some colocalization between ZDHHC5 and retromer VPS35 is observed (arrowheads in inset). Following nocodazole treatment endosomes are dispersed and some are labeled with ZDHHC5 and VPS35 (arrowheads in inset).
The endogenous IRF2BP2 was immunoprecipitated by VGLL4-FLAG proteins in HEK293T cells
E Depletion of GNL2 and SEC13 leads to a significant upregulation in the mRNA levels of endogenous NMD substrates. Samples were analyzed as described in (A, B) *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
(A) Domain architecture of human HSP27: N-terminal domain (N-term), α-crystallin domain (ACD), and C-terminal region (C-term). The conserved IxI/V motif in the C-terminal region is indicated. Missense, nonsense, and frameshift mutations associated with CMT disease and dHMN are shown. The P182L mutation in the IxI/V motif is blue. Residues with multiple mutations are italicized (e.g. P182L, P182S). The asterisk denotes a nonsense mutation and the X indicates a frameshift mutation.
B RT-PCR on cytoplasmic (C) and nuclear (N) extracts showing the subcellular localization of lnc-SMaRT. RNA was isolated from C2C12 cells after two days of differentiation. GAPDH mRNA and pre-mRNA (pre-GAPDH) were used respectively as cytoplasmic and nuclear controls. Representative results from three independent experiments are shown.
Arginine methylation of the METTL14 IDR enhances its interaction with RNA substrates. RNA pull-down assay was performed by incubating biotin-labeled RNA with WT, hypomethylated (MS023), and arginine methylation-deficient (RK) mutant METTL14. The pull-down samples were detected by Western blot analysis using an anti-Flag antibody. The methylation status of the recombinant proteins was confirmed by Western blot analysis using an anti-ADMA antibody.
Representative false colour images of leaf surface temperature captured by a thermal camera from WT, stp1-1, stp4-1, stp1stp4, stp13, stp1stp13 and stp4stp13 plants.
E) Expression pattern of MALAT1 in the rod photoreceptor showing MALAT1-hi (CCA1, CCA10) and MALAT1-lo (CCA0) subpopulations. x-axis depicts normalized transcript levels.
d, representative time lapse images of cGFP mobility between two PhNT-connected Nrl.Gfp+/+ photoreceptors (dashed ellipse = bleached area) versus an isolated cell (solid ellipse = bleached area) and clustered cells (dot ellipse = bleached area). Images show pre-bleach (t = -5''), bleach (t = 0''), and post-bleach (t = 35'' and 215''). Unbleached reference cells also indicated (arrows); Green = cytoplasm; Scale bar = 5µm.
G MOLM-13 cell growth was measured after 3 days treatment of FST-ASO in vitro. The ASO treatment experiments were performed in triplicates. Data information: data were presented as mean ± SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 (Student's t-test).
B) Dissociation constants for the K+ sites in GltPh (B) from unguided MD simulations. Values are calculated by dividing off rates by second-order rate constants of ion binding. Mean ± SD of 1000 bootstrap samples..
Retrotransposon transcription in WT (Hu303), fft2Δ(Hu1955), fft3Δ (Hu1867), and fft2Δfft3Δ (Hu2000). C) qPCR scheme. Amplicon 1 spans the end of the LTR and into the ORF. Amplicon 2 does not include the LTR but covers the translation start site. Amplicon 3 is entirely within the ORF. D) Bar graph representing RNA levels for the amplicons depicted in (C), relative to a control locus (SPAC1F8.07c) and to WT levels, as measured by qPCR. Error bars represent standard deviation of duplicate reverse transcriptions of biological triplicates.
Western blot of ECM from NIH-3T3 cells grown in the presence of absence of TGFβ and of cell lysates from NIH-3T3 cells grown on a parallel plate. Note the absence of tubulin and the electromobility shift of collagens in ECM extracts.
(G) Zoomed view displaying periodic repeats of the central hub (CH) and several cartwheel inner densities (CIDs) in C. reinhardtii. CIDs, red arrowheads and red plot profile; CH, blue arrowheads and blue plot profile. Overlay between CID and CH peaks is plotted on the right in red and blue. Mean distance between CID peaks, red 8.8 +/- 1.0 (n= 5). Distances between CH peaks split into two distinct populations: smaller (within a ring-pair), green 3.5 +/- 1.3 (n= 6); larger (between ring-pairs), blue 5.1 +/- .4 (n= 5); average periodicity, black 4.2 +/- 1.3 (n= 11).
(l,m) DHE and DAPI fluorescence at P28 in the DG (l) and SVZ (m) from FIP200GFAP cKO mice with or without NAC treatment, 2cKO mice and Trp53GFAP cKO mice. Dotted lines indicate the boundaries of the granular zone (GZ) (l) and SVZ (m). Arrows mark cells in the SGZ (l) and SVZ (m) and arrowheads mark cells in surrounding regions (the GZ in l and the striatum (ST) in m). n = 5 mice, ≥4 sections per mouse, >20 (h,j,k) or >200 (i) BrdU+ cells counted per mouse. cKO(n), NAC non-responder cKO mice; LV, lateral ventricle; ML, molecular layer; IGL, internal granular layer; MCL, mitral cell layer; EPL, external plexiform layer; GL, glomerular layer. NS, not significant; *P 0.05.
γ-H2AX nuclear foci in XRCC4wt and mutant fibroblasts (XRCC4m/m1 and XRCC4m/m2) were determined at different times after irradiation with 0.5 Gy of γ-rays. Values, subtracted of their non-irradiated control (1.3 foci/nucleus in XRCC4wt cells and 1.4 and 0.9 foci/nucleus in XRCC4m/m1 and XRCC4m/m2 cells, respectively), are the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.Percentages of γ-H2AX foci in XRCC4wt and XRCC4m/m fibroblasts (pooled values) remaining at the indicated time-points.Immunofluorescence micrographs of γ-H2AX foci in XRCC4wt and XRCC4m/m fibroblasts.Data information: ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05 (XRCC4m/m vs. XRCC4wt cells), two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test.
Increase of Vegfr2 expression in the vasculature of TfebiEC-/- mice. Representative immunostaining images of the glomerulus (p17) of control and TfebiEC-/- mice with anti-podocin, anti-CD31 and anti-Vegfr2 Abs (scale bars: 50 µm). Bar graphs indicate the Vegfr2 mean intensity in CD31+ vessel areas
B. Ca2+ binding isotherms of EAAT1CRYST at pH=7.4 in the presence (pink) and absence (blue) of UPCH101. Mutation D400380N at Na3 strongly impairs Ca2+ binding (green). Symbols represent average and s.e.m. values of at least three independent experiments. Solid lines represent fits of Hill equation and dashed line is the fit in Fig. 1C (blue line) corresponding to Na+ binding.
(b) Colocalization of the PI(3) P-enriched lipid domain marker p40 (phox)-PX-EGFP (green) and Rubicon-AsRed (red) on large punctate structures (arrows) in the co-transfected HeLa cells (upper panels). Treatment with the PI(3) K inhibitor wortmannin (75 nM) for 1 h caused disappearance of the PI(3) P-enriched lipid domains, whereas the Rubicon-AsRed-positive structures were maintained (lower panels). Scale bars, 10 μm.
D. Cell lysate was spun through a 30% sucrose cushion to pellet polysomes. Nascent proteins were released from polysomes by dissociating 80S ribosomes with EDTA (see Appendix Figures S3). Soluble and insoluble fractions were prepared by centrifugation and assayed for the level of K48-linked polyubiquitin. The levels of K48-linked polyubiquitin were quantified (means +/- SD, n = 3). Immunoblots within black squares were run on the same gel but irrelevant lanes were removed as indicated by white lines.
(A) EPG-7 colocalizes with SQST-1 aggregates in epg-8 mutant embryos. Colocalization was defined as two aggregates showing >70% overlap in their fluorescence signals. Insets show a magnified view.
F and G) Confocal fluorescent images obtained after transient coexpression of MplmOrange2 and either JAK2WTmCitrine (F) or JAK2V617FmCitrine (G) in K562 cells. Profiles of fluorescence (white arrows) are showing a very good colocalization of MplmOrange2 with JAK2WTmCitrine, especially at the plasma membrane (black arrow heads), but a very poor colocalization with JAK2V617FmCitrine (grey arrow heads). Nuclei are labeled with Hoechst and scale bars = 5 µm. R: Pearson's correlation coefficient.
H. Survival analysis of Pdx1-Cre; LSL-KRasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+; LSL-ROCK2:ER (RKPC) mice without (n=21) or with conditional ROCK activation with tamoxifen citrate (n=19). Survival p value determined by Log-Rank test.
E: p21/griffonia simplicifolia/nephrin coimmunostaining (left panels) and quantification of endothelial p21-positive cells (right panel) in glomeruli of kidneys from irradiated (RT+) and non-irradiated (RT-) control mice 12 months after irradiation. Original magnification X630. Scale bar = 10 μm. n = 4 for RT+ and RT- mice, respectively. Data information: Data are means ± SEM. Statistical analysis: t-student test: irradiated versus non-irradiated mice.
Representative images of H2B-mNeon-expressing HeLaEGFP-AID-CENATAC cells depleted of GAPDH (upper) or CENATAC (middle and lower) with or without re-expression of CENATAC variants as indicated. IAA, 3-indoleacetic acid. Scale bar, 10 μm.
(b) The transcription of poxB over time (E. coli MG1655∆glnL), as calculated from RNA-seq data (Methods). The colored bars indicate the times at which the glucose/acetate sensors will be on based on metabolite measurements. It should be noted that these are right-shifted compared to Figure 2 due to slower growth of the tested strains
B) Telomere restriction fragment assay for the five subjects shown in (A). Mean telomere length is indicated.
Electrochemiluminescence ELISA after sequential extraction from whole-brain homogenates using RIPA and SDS buffer revealed that soluble Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 were significantly reduced (Mann-Whitney test), whereas there was a nonsignificant trend towards reduced levels of insoluble Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 (Mann-Whitney test).
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the Nbr1-Ams1 interaction. GST-tagged ZZ1-L1 fragment of Nbr1 purified from E. coli was captured on a CM5 sensor chip using the GST Capture Kit. Ams1 purified from S. pombe (two-fold serial dilutions from 1000 nM to 62.5 nM) was flowed through the chip surface.
(C) Structure of the Nbr1-ZZ1 domain. The N and C-termini and the Zn-coordinating residues are labeled.
LC-MS/MS analysis was performed on T1-digested tRNA and deconvolution yielded precise masses of th unmodified (1835.20 Da) and modified (1923.262 Da) oligos for Gln-tRNACAA (E)
mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (n = 5 biological replicates, mean ± s.e.m., ns, not significant (P > 0.05), **P = 0.0048, two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test) in wild-type (WT) and Otud1─/─ mice with or without low-iron diets for indicated times.
(d) HEK293 cells were lysed and subjected to subcellular fractionation as described in Materials and methods. Equivalent amounts of total, cytosolic, and ER fractions were subjected to immunoblotting with each organelle marker antibody. The percentage of recovery in each fraction is presented as mean ± SD values.
Gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR of stem cell markers in Lgr5-DTREeGFP WT and KO organoids after 5 days of culture (expression relative to reference genes). Each symbol indicates the value for an organoid culture originated from a given embryo.
U87 GBM cells were treated with 20 µM LXR623 or 50 µM Simvastatin (Sim) for 48h. Thereafter, lysates were collected and analyzed for total cholesterol levels. Shown are means and SD (n = 3).
(A) Simultaneous visualization of GLT-1a+ (green) and VGLUT1+ puncta (red) in first somatic sensory cortex (SI) of a WT and a KI mouse (P35). Arrows point to some GLT-1a+ puncta overlaying with VGLUT1+ puncta (i.e., GLT-1a/VGLUT1 related puncta); framed regions (enlarged below) are examples of GLT-1a/VGLUT1 related puncta (arrowheads). All microscopic fields are from layers II/III. Scale bars: 3.5 µm for left and right panels and 1 µm for enlarged framed areas.(B) Percentage and size of GLT-1a+ puncta overlaying with VGLUT1 in P35 WT and KI mice. Left, percentage of GLT-1a+ puncta overlaying with VGLUT1 is comparable in WT and KI mice (data were obtained from 14 and 18 fields of 20 µm x 20 µm from 2 WT and 2 KI mice (4 sections/animal), respectively) (unpaired t-test: P = 0.52). Right, size of GLT-1a/VGLUT1 related puncta is 19 % reduced in KI mice (169 GLT-1a+ puncta analyzed from 2 mice) compared to WT (174 GLT-1a+ puncta analyzed from 2 mice) (Mann-Withney U test: P = 0.016).
h, Schematic of the experimental setup of CD8 Tn adoptive transfer. 2.5E5 naïve CD8 T cells isolated from young or 55-wk-old Dj-1 KO and WT littermates were injected into Rag-1 deficient mice by i.v. injection. 6 weeks later, mice were sacrificed for FCM (flow cytometry) analysis.
(E) The body mass of male wild-type (WT) or Pogz+/∆ mice was monitored weekly for 4 weeks post-weaning. Data are represented as a bar graph showing the mean ± SEM and each mouse is represented by a round dot (WT) or a square (Pogz+/∆ ). At least 4 mice per genotype was monitored. Significance was determined by two-way ANOVA followed by a Sidak's test. *P<0.05.
All data have been adjusted for age, gender and other latent covariates for downstream eigenvalue calculation. A. Eigen value showing the increased expression of the 3-microRNA signature in blood plasma samples of age matched MCI (n = 23) patients compared to controls (n = 27). B. Expression of 3-microRNA signature is increased in PAXgene blood samples of MCI patients (n=71) compared to controls (n=65) from the DELCODE cohort.
(m) Chromatin-immunoprecipitation analysis of the recruitment of NFAT1 to the promoter of Lamp2 or Adad1 (negative control) (left) or to Il2 (positive control) (right) in resting and activated TH1 cells; results are presented relative to input chromatin precipitated with anti-NFAT1.
(G) Fractional enrichment of the serine 15-N-isotopologue in Flp-In 293 HA-GFP and Flp-In 293 HA-IKKε cells treated with doxycycline (50 ng/ml, 16 hours). m+1 shows the naturally occurring 13C isotopologue (n=5 technical replicates). metabolite levels were normalised to the internal standard HEPES.
(E) ALT (left panel), AST (middle panel) and bilirubin levels (right panel) in the serum were determined in sick Bcl-xfl/fl;RosaCreERT2+/Ki;GFP-Chimeras (n=18) or in healthy RosaCreERT2+/Ki;GFP-Chimeras (n=4) at the termination of the experiment. Data are presented as mean ±SEM. Each data point represents one individual mouse. Statistical significance was assessed using Student's t-test; **p<0.01. nd=not detected.