EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
(D) K+ channel blockers increase the levels of autophagy-specific phospho-SQSTM1/p62S403 in ALSC9orf72 MN (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test). n=3 independent treatments with the ALSC9orf72 I line. Data information: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001. Error bars represent SEM. Arrow indicates the structure displayed at higher magnification. Exact p-values are reported in Appendix Table S1.
G Percentage of TCRBV families detected by spectratyping. UT, sorted edited (GFP+), sorted non-edited (GFP-) CD4+ T cells derived from male HD (n=1) or patient (Pt; n=1) were analyzed at 17 days after CD40LG editing.
D. WB analysis of specified apolipoproteins in 10µL of serum of overnight fasted, 2 hours refed male animals after 1 week in HFD. Quantification of bands relative to Pkd2wt/wt. n=4.
Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (A) or human PBMCs (B) were incubated (continuous treatment) with DMSO, ONX 0914 (300 nM), PRN1126 (300 nM), ML604440 (300 nM), LU-001i (300 nM), PRN1126+ML604440 (300 nM each), or PRN1126+LU-001i (300 nM each) and stimulated with LPS overnight. The IL-6 concentration in the supernatant was analyzed by ELISA. The highest IL-6 concentration from each experiment was set to 100%. (A) Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of 4 independent experiments each measured in triplicates. (B) Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of 6 different healthy donors. All data were statistically compared to the DMSO treated group.
L929 cells stably transfected with control shRNA or ZDHHC18 shRNA were transfected with HT-DNA (2 μg/mL) for the indicated times before RT-qPCR analysis of Ifna4 (G), expression. Data information: HT-DNA: herring testis DNA; NC: negative control. All data are representative of at least two independent experiments. Mean ± SEM from triplicates of technical replicates, unpaired t test; ns, not significant; **, P˂0.01; ***, P˂0.001
Effect of PP2A knock-down on parasite internalization Internalized parasites were imaged in RAW 264.7 cells stained with Phalloidin-Alexa 488 (green) for actin cytoskeleton detection and Ld was detected by indirect immunofluorescence done for parasite specific membrane protein GP63 (red) (B).
(B) EGFR was required for the activation of IRF3, but not TBK1: MEFs were pretreated with gefitinib for 1h, then treated with cGAMP for 2h; cell lysate were subjected to Western blot analysis using the indicated antibodies.
D) Human colon organoids cultured in basic medium (upper panel) or additionally treated with IFN-γ (lower panel). Left: bright field images of organoids that were cultured for 4 days in basic medium and in addition for 3 days with IFN-γ (lower panel) scale bar: 100 µm. Middle: Immunofluorescence labelling for KRT20 (green) Right: Immunofluorescence labelling for E-cadherin (green) to visualize epithelial cell boundaries; insets with higher magnification indicate elongation of epithelial cells that are grown in basic medium and treated with IFN-γ. Scale bar: 25 µm.
(H) Complete atomic model of Ams1 with active site indicated as yellow sphere fitted into the cryo-EM map. Corresponding 3D structure in Movie EV1.
A, WB showing co-IP performed with the antibodies indicated on top of the lanes in nuclear lysates treated with the nucleases indicated to the right of the panel from P19 cells transfected with plasmids expressing FLAGTrnp1 for 24h immunoblotted with anti-Trnp1 antibodies. As negative control no antibody was added to the co-IP.
Wet-spun yarn containing human myogenic precursors showed progressive cell differentiation over time (arrows in day 3); dashed box enlargement reveals still undifferentiated cells after 15 days of culture (Upper panel). Middle and lower panel showing MHC immunostaining (red) performed on microfiber yarns and bulk structure loaded with human myoblasts upon 15 days of culture, revealing a significant difference in terms of myotube organization between the two hydrogel systems, with the wet-spun constructs greatly outperforming the bulk gels. Such difference is quantified in the polar plots. Nuclei were counterstained by DAPI (Blue).
h, Quantification of spine density in D2-MSNs, defined as the number of spines normalized to 10µm of dendrite for saline control and after cocaine injection. Mean + SEM; two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test, all non-significant. n=40 neurons from 4 mice in each experimental group.
Real time PCR analysis of irg-1, irg-2 and irg-3 genes in N2 and zip-2(tm4248) worms exposed to 1-undecene odor upon respective naive worms. n = 3. ns (not significant) P > 0.05, * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01 as determined by two-tailed unpaired t-test. Error bars indicate SEM.
(D) Co-immunoprecipitation analysis of the ubiquitination of endogenous MAVS in THP-1 cells transfected with siCtrl, siRNF34, or siTRIM31 oligos and infected with VSV for the indicated times. Cell-based studies were performed independently at least three times with comparable results.
Quantification (in percentage) of the axonal fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) of different Venus-3'UTR constructs ex vivo and in vivo. Concentrations used: 200ng/mL Sema3A; 2µM co-MO or MOs-3p. Growth cones expressing Venus alone (no 3'UTR) displayed a minimal amount of recovery after photobleaching corresponding to Venus diffusion from adjacent, non-bleached regions to the bleached growth cone (Wong et al, 2017). isolated transfected axons (D) were used for FRAP analysis.
E Latency to enter the dark compartment for Gadd45a-WT (white bars, n=10) and Gadd45a-overexpressing mice (red bars, n=12) in the PA test. A significant increase was found 24 hours and 7 days after the PA training in the Gadd45a-overexpresion group. Values shown are mean ± SEM; 2-Way ANOVA and Bonferroni Post-hoc test: * = p<0.05.
G. Residual mRNA levels of BZLF1 and BRLF1 after termination of transcription via ActD treatment in C666 cells transfected with YTHDF1-specific siRNAs or the siNC control. After 24 h of siRNA transfection, the C666 cells were treated with ActD and the mRNA levels analyzed by qRT-PCR. The relative mRNA level at 0 h after the ActD treatment was normalized to 1.
Immunoblot analysis of ASC in soluble cell lysate and DSS cross-linked insoluble fraction of WT or Spata2-KO BMDMs primed with LPS and stimulated without or with nigericin (Nig) for 1 h. Relative levels of ASC in cross-linked samples from LPS+ Nig treated cells were quantitated and shown below.
(A) Gene structure and conservation of the human and murine SLC8A1 gene. The box marks the second exon that circularizes to create circSLC8A1.
F H3K122succ occupancy profile over a meta gene as a function of expression level (based on RNA-seq quartiles: Q1 - least expressed, Q4 - most expressed). All genes were normalized to the same length.
G Transient expression assays in Arabidopsis protoplasts showing that BIC1 and BZR1 synergistically activate PRE5 promoter. The ProPRE5:LUC reporter was co-transformed with the indicated effector constructs. The LUC/REN ratio represents the ProPRE5:LUC activity relative to the internal control (REN driven by the 35S promoter). Error bars represent SD (n = 3).
(A) Schematic of the α11.2 subunit of Cav1.2 (top) and the α11.2-derived GST fusion proteins covering the C-terminus (bottom).
E Western blot analysis of EMT marker expression in KNC cells following depletion of miR‐200c.
(E-G) CD86 MFI in 5.2+ pDC of each indicated MBMC type (E) and 5.2/ 5.1 ratio of cytokine-producing pDC (F, G). Data (mean±SEM) are representative of 2 pooled independent experiments each with 2-3 mice per group
E-F. Steady-state levels of indicated proteins in wild type and FBXL4 knockout RKO cells treated with epoxomicin (Epoxo, F).
C: T-Maze alternation test shows that spontaneous alternation is absent in NexCre cTKOs. [geno F(1,16) = 18.29, p = 0.0006]. Chance level is indicated by a dotted line.
A Schematic representation of the smFRET assay (top), as well as merged smFRET efficiency histograms of unmodified (middle) and H3K122succ mono-nucleosomes (bottom) measured under indicated NaCl conditions (color coded). The nucleosome population is highlighted by the dashed box.
BrdU incorporation in the Kit+ IAHC upon cumulative administration. Multistack reconstruction of confocal images. Representative picture of a short BrdU pulse (1h). Scale bars: 50μm (overview), 10μm (magnification). (F) Quantification of the percentage of Kit+ cells within IAHCs incorporating BrdU using confocal images. All cells (Labelling Index=100%) can be labelled after 8h, indicating the lack of quiescent cells inside the IAHCs. Graph represents mean±SE.
Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with chow diet supplemented with 0, 0.5%, 1% SUC for 8 weeks. Representative images and quantification of Laminin (green), MyHC-I and IIb immunofluorescent staining (red) in gastrocnemius (n=3). Scale bar in (C) represents 100 µm.
Four-day-old seedlings of 35S:ARR10:YFP, 35S:ARR10S383A:YFP, and 35S:ARR10S383D:YFP were transferred to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with or without 50 mM or 75 mM NaCl. After three days of salt treatment, relative primary root lengths (B) were determined. After ten days of salt treatment, changes in survival rates (C) and fresh weights (D) were examined. Scale Bar, 1 cm.
A-D. Replication assessed by luminescence following 10 nM Baf-A1 addition at the indicated times following synchronized uptake of bound Luc-expressing virions. (A, B) Shown are examples from 1 experiment representative of a total of 3-11 independent experiments per strain. Data represent mean luminescence AUC normalized to the mean of the corresponding strain incubated in 0.1% DMSO (dashed line). (C, D) The kinetics of endosomal escape by Luc-WSN/33 and HK/14 strains are depicted by the loss of inhibition by high dose Baf-A1 between (C) 0-20 min and (D) 60-80 min. Data represent mean slope (change in % inhibition/time interval) from 5 wells per plate from 3-11 independent experiments.
G-ratios, which were calculated and plotted against axon diameter with linear regression, were shown beneath the micrographs and were significantly decreased in PLP-150Q mice after LAQ treatment (G=0.6418±0.0191), compared with age-matched vehicle group (G=0.7727±0.0203). One-way ANOVA with Tukey's test. *P=0.0166. At least 182 axons per genotype were examined from 3 mice in each group.
(F) A boxplot of Pearson's coefficients between tethered EGFP, H3.1-EGFP or H4-EGFP and cytosolically forced chaperones. P-values of <0.001 from a Wilcoxon rank sum test versus the EGFP control are indicated by brackets. Whiskers extend to 1.5 times the IQR
(c) Predicted protein structures of RBD of WHCV spike protein based on target-template alignment using ProMod3 on the SWISS-MODEL server. The most reliable models were selected based on GMQE and QMEAN Scores. Template: 2ghw.1.A, GMQE: 0.83; QMEAN:-2.67. Motifs resembling amino acids 473-477 and 460-472 of the SARS-CoV spike protein are shown in red.
Survival curve of influenza-infected mice described in A, B (n = 5 mice from Csf2ra-/- group; n = 7 mice from each transferred group; n=8 from WT group).
(E,F) Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production in AC16 cells under ISO treatment (10 μM for 24 hr) with overexpression of miR-574-5p or miR-574-3p. >120 cells/group were quantified in (E) and n=4 biological replicates in (F). The dashed line in the violin plot shows medium value for the group and the dotted lines represent two quartile lines in each group.
Microglia (left Y axes) from APP/PS1 mice internalized significantly more Aβ positive for methoxy-XO4 when Stat3 was deleted in astrocytes (Mann-Whitney test), whereas no changes were seen in astrocytes (right axes; APP/PS1-Stat3WT, n = 8 (4 female and 4 male) mice; APP/PS1-Stat3KO, n = 11 (5 female and 6 male) mice; age, 11 months; Mann-Whitney test).
Cells were infected at the indicated multiplicity of infection (MOI) and analyzed after 20h. C. The fusion of IFITM1+ cells with U2OS-ACE2 syncytia is drastically reduced. Right panel: Area of IFITM+ GFP+ cells
A Levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in PBMC culture supernatants with CVF, CLys and CSN (10µg/ml) after 72h determined using a LUMINEX-based technology.
Expression levels of LINC00115 are higher in LGG (low grade gliomas) versus normal brain tissues and GBM versus LGG. Expression data of LINC00115 were downloaded from the REMBRANDT dataset. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001, by two-tailed t test.
Time lapse series of T6SS activity in tagged strain (VipA-mCherry2 TagAVC-mNeonGreen). Orange arrow indicates sheath distal end, white arrow indicates initiation site of another T6SS sheath. Scale bar: 1 µm.
(H) HeLa cells were lipofected with cDNAs encoding for GFP-DYRK3 or GFP-DYRK3-dN. 24 hrs post-transfection cells were treated with sodium arsenite (A) to induce SGs and 45 min after they were allowed to recover for 4 hrs in drug-free medium (rec. control) or in presence of GA (5 µM; rec. GA). NP-40 soluble and insoluble proteins were fractionated and the distribution of GFP-DYRK3 and GFP-DYRK3-dN in both fractions was analyzed by immunoblotting. TUBA4A was used as loading control. Quantitation of the ration between GFP NP40 soluble and insoluble levels is shown; n = 3 independent experiments, ± sem (Student's t-test).
(C) HEK293 cells were co‐transfected with GFP‐GABARAP and HA‐ULK1, starved for 2 h, and subsequently immunostained for HA (red) and WIPI2 (white). The arrows mark putative autophagosomes that stain positive for all three markers. Bar=10 μm.
Gene expression level of IL-1β and IL-6 of indicated mouse lung with PAO1 infection (5 × 106 CFU) for 6 h and 24 h. n≥3. Error bars, S.E.M. *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; ***, P<0.001; ****, P<0.0001.
Infectivity of sporozoites to mice decreases with decreasing numbers of microtubules and shorter microtubules. The prepatency is prolonged in parasites with a reduced sporozoite length and gliding circle diameter. NMRI mice were exposed to ten mosquito bites of the respective parasite line. Numbers indicate infected mice / mice exposed to mosquito bites (left) and infected mice / mice injected with 10.000 sporozoites (right).
Telomere length analysis of ApaI‐digested DNA from cay1∆trt1∆ cells harvested at increasing generation doublings (gen).
(D) THP1 cells were infected with the indicated strains of HSV-1 (MOI 3) for 12 hrs. Cell lysates were isolated and levels of ICP27 and β-actin were determined by Western blotting.
Schematic diagram showing Npr3-sCreER or Npr3-CreER mouse crossed with a newly generated Rosa26 reporter R26-LZLT.
A stable cell line carrying KPNB1-KPNA4-eGFP and a WT cell line were transfected with eRFP Cas9 plasmid carrying dual gRNA. Cell populations were either treated with doxycycline (doxy +) or left untreated (doxy -) and individually sorted into 384-well plates. A total of 2 plates were prepared for each replicate.
(E) Quantitative analysis of IHC FoxP3+ T cells at trial end point. (n=10 for isotype, n=7 for WBRT, n=10 for PD-1, and n=8 for WBRT+αPD-1 group).
F) Crossing scheme to test the role of PID-2 in re-initiating the silencing of the 21U sensor, mediated by maternally provided 21U RNAs only. The expression of the 21U sensor in the F1 has been scored by microscopy, and depicted in a pie chart. White arrow heads indicate the many arrayed oocytes, typical of a feminized germline. DIC and fluorescence image of a representative animal are shown at the bottom. Gonads are outlined by a dashed line. Scale bar: 25 μm.
Stills from time-lapse of HeLa cells expressing GFP-alpha-tubulin and RFP-lifeact arrested at prometaphase with STLC (t=0) and forced to exit mitosis with Cdk1 inhibition (Ro3306) imaged every 90 seconds. Scale bar = 10µm and for zoom = 4µm. n = 21 cells from 4 independent experiments.
(C) Comparison of 21 nt RPFs aligned at all 17 inhibitory codons from libraries made with CHX/ANS (blue) and CHX/TIG (black) (left) to their corresponding optimal pairs with the same antibiotic combination (right). No significant difference found (n.s.: p=0.9961, n=2) between CHX-TIG and CHX-ANS.
Diagram showing the procedure of reprogramming infected with Cbs-OE (pSin-Cbs) virus. RT-qPCR analysis of Cbs expression in MEFs infected with pSin-GFPN and pSin-Cbs viruses. n = 3.
WT or STX16/STX17DKO HEK293 RPS3-Keima cells were cultured in full medium or starved for 8 hours, and subjected to HCM analysis of Keima puncta accumulated in autolysosomes with the excitation wavelength at 560 nm. Masks: white, cells identified based on nuclei; red, Keima puncta detected with the excitation and emission wavelengths of 560 nm and 620 nm, respectively; lower panel shows Keima puncta without masks. Scale bar: 20 µm.   Quantifications of autolysosomal Keima puncta in WT or STX16 /STX17DKO HEK293 RPS3-Keima cells treated as in (C). Data shown as means ± SEM of Keima puncta per cell, minimum 1000 cells were counted each well from at least 12 wells, 3 independent experiments; **, p < 0.01 (two-way ANOVA).
(D) Representative myocardial immunostaining for aurora B, DAPI and troponin T (TropT). The arrow points towards a cardiomyocyte cell division, in which aurora B localizes at the midbody in cytokinesis. Scale bar: 25µm. The quantification of dividing cardiomyocytes per microscopic field is shown as bar graph (D´); *p=0.0104.
C XMU-MP-5 downregulates ALK signaling pathways in EML4-ALK Ba/F3 cells. Cells were treated with XMU-MP-5 or crizotinib for 4 h, and then analyzed by immunobloting.
Representative images of HE staining of the colon dissected from a WT and Cd4cre A1fl/fl mouse. Scale bar, 200 μm.
(H) Stimulated CD43-negative splenocytes were loaded on slides via Cytospin and processed for γ-H2AX immunofluorescence. Cells were fixed, stained, and imaged via confocal microscopy. Data are the percentage of cells in a field of view with indicated γ-H2AX foci and are represented as a bar graph showing the mean ± SEM. At least 100 cells per genotype were counted. Significance was determined by two-way ANOVA followed by a Sidak's test. *P<0.05, **P<0.005.
(A) Soluble anti-IgM internalization in CRISPR-targeted follicular B cells. N = 11- 12 mice. Data show mean ± SEM. P, statistical significance from two-way ANOVA. (B) Soluble anti-IgD internalization. N = 3 mice. Data show mean ± SEM. P, statistical significance from two-way ANOVA. (C) Soluble anti-IgG internalization in GC B cells from SRBC-immunized mice. N = 4 mice. Data show mean ± SEM. P, statistical significance from two-way ANOVA.
(F) Immunoblot detection for NLRP3 on control and NLRP3 knockout THP-1 cells. Equal loading was confirmed by specific blotting against beta actin. Representative blot of three independent repeats is shown.
(D) Compilation of compressed Z-stack confocal image of FITC-dextran-labeled CNV and single-plane confocal image of isolectin B4-stained choroidal flat mounts from RD- and HFD-fed mice, with vehicle or antibiotic treatment. (E) Quantification of area of FITC-dextran-labeled CNV over isolectin B4-stained laser impact area fold RD; n= 11(RD), 16(HFD), 11(HFD+AB), 12(RD+AB), with 36(RD), 32(HFD), 33(HFD+AB), 34(RD+AB) burns total; CI 99%.
A. 293T cells were transiently co-transfected with empty vector and NDUFB5-MYC, or OMA1-E324Q-Flag and NDUFB5-MYC. Cell lysates were used for co-immunoprecipitation with anti-Flag M2 affinity gel at 4°C overnight, followed by Western blotting with anti-Flag or anti-MYC antibodies (n = 3 independent experiments).
B, C Inhibitory effect of mycolactone on cell expression of CD38 (Type II) and CD138, IL-6R, and CD40 (Type I) transmembrane proteins (B). Stimulatory effect of mycolactone on cell expression of BCMA, a Type III transmembrane protein (C). Mean Fluorescence Intensities (MFIs) were measured in live cells 48 h after addition of mycolactone. Data are Mean MFIs ± SD from technical duplicates of 2 independent experiments, relative to vehicle-treated controls (Ctrl).
Serial replating CFU-C analysis presented as mean ± SEM showing: (B) the number of colonies per 1000 plated cells, and (C) the number of cells per colony, for each week time-point.
D) Effect of LUF7346 on APA and Ediast, measured in LQT2corr- (blue), LQT2N996I- (green), LQT1corr- (purple), and LQT1R190Q-CMs (dark blue) paced at 1 Hz. N: 12-15.
D. Survival frequencies after DSB induction at LYS2 locus in sae2-E267E mutant cells overexpressing or not full-length Sir3 (oeSir3). Error bars indicate survival standard error (SEM) of at least three independent experiments. Data information: Significance was determined using 2-tailed, unpaired Student's t test. *P-value 0.01 to 0.05, significant; **P-value 0.001 to 0.01, very significant; ***P-value 0.0001 to 0.001, extremely significant; ****P < 0.0001, extremely significant; P ≥ 0.05, not significant (ns).
A-B Relative enrichment of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 at the SNCA promoter/intron 1 region was evaluated from six iPSC lines of two control subjects and five iPSC lines derived from two sporadic PD (sPD) cases by ChIP. The same genomic region as shown in Fig 1 and Appendix Figure S2C was evaluated for enrichment of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3. Mouse IgG (mIgG) was used as control for the target antibody. The relative intensity of the target band was normalized by respective input. Data information: Three independent repeats were performed for ChIP experiments. *P < 0.05; ****P<0.0001. Data were analyzed using non-parametric t-test followed by Mann-Whitney post-hoc corrections. One-tailed p-values were calculated for ChIP analysis data are presented as mean ± SEM.
Immunoprecipitation (Meng et al) of MsrB2 in HC and DM human platelets followed by MsrB2 and LC3I/II western.
Serum-starved HaCaT cells were infected with HSV-1 (MOI=0.5) +/- FGF7 (10 ng/ml), added at the indicated time points D) shows mean Glyc-B DNA and RSAD2, IRF7 and IFNL2 mRNA levels (based on results shown in Fig. 6B and C) in virus-infected cells treated for different periods with FGF7.
(D) Localization pattern of PCH2:GFP together with ASY1:RFP in the male meiocytes of wildtype. Arrowheads indicate the chromosomal regions where the ASY1 removal was concomitant with the localization of PCH2. Scale bar: 10 μm.
(B) Quantitative analysis of cardiac fibrosis. Quantification was made as percentage of fibrosis area (in blue) in the left ventricle. Number of mice, (Control, S311A), 3m (7, 6), 1y (5, 6). *, P<0.05 versus Control.
A,B EDN phosphoproteomics data was analysed in IPA. Significance of term enrichment is indicated through shading as -log (p-value). Regulated pathways belonging to the classes "Canonical Pathways" (A) and "Disease and Biofunction" (B) with significant enrichment (p < 10-3) are shown for UACC257 and A2058. Regulated terms were grouped according to highest order ontology terms, which are shown on the left.
Immunohistochemistry analysis of Cre recombinase on paraffin sections of primary tumors (top) and metastases (bottom) from MLN4924;Shp2fl/fl, MLN4924;MMTV‐Cre;Shp2+/fl, and MLN4924;MMTV‐Cre;Shp2fl/flmice. Scale bar, 100 μm. n = 8.
(I) Average plot (top) and heatmap (bottom) of H3K27ac reads in CD48- HSCs and CD48+ HPCs in the late phase within accessibility-decreased (left: Green dot in Fig 3E), -unchanged (center: Blue dot in Fig 3E), or -increased cis-regulatory regions (right: brown dot in Fig 3E) in HSCs in the late phase.
A, B A2058 cells were transduced with lentiviral scramble or HSF1-targeting (hA6 and hA9) shRNAs. (A) Cell numbers were quantitated by Hoechst 33342 DNA staining (mean ± SD, n = 4, two-way ANOVA, ***P < 0.001). (B) Protein levels were measured by immunoblotting.
H Quantification of hepatic G6P transcript levels in chow-fed (n = 5) and HFD-fed (n = 11) WT and NOD2−/− mice, *P = 0.02.
(a-d) Degradation of long-lived proteins in MEFs from wild-type (18Q-htt) and mutant huntingtin knock-in (111Q-htt) mice. (a,b) Rates of protein degradation after treatment with rapamycin (rapam) or thapsigargin (thapsig) (b).
(E) The mCherry-LC3 (red) signal was quantified in ∼30 cells with similar expression levels from three independent experiments using the Zeiss LSM 510 Meta software and the data are presented as % of total mCherry-GFP-LC3. Error bar = SEM.