EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
(J) Immunoblots and quantifications of protein expression of mTOR targets two days after TAC surgery and after mTOR inhibition with Torin 1.* p≤ 0.05 vs sham surgery, # p≤ 0.05 vs TAC 2d surgery. t-test, n=5 biological replicates per group. Data information: Error bars indicate means ± SEM
Figure 4. Structure of the T. kodakaraensis archaellum.(B) For comparison, a subtomogram average of the type IVa pilus machine from Myxococcus xanthus is shown (adapted with permission from [8]). Arrows indicate components with recognized homology. OM, outer membrane; IM, inner membrane. Scale bar 10 nm (applies to A, B).
(A KMTR2, KMTR2+Z-VAD treated MDA-MB-436 lysates for indicated early time points were analyzed for caspase-8, caspase-3, ROCK1 PARP as indicated.
(G) Splenocytes from Pacs1+/−;Bcl2TG and Pacs1−/−;Bcl2TG mice were stained with cell surface antibodies to identify FOB cells and treated with 100 µM H2O2 for 35 minutes. Cells were then labelled with TMRE to monitor MMP. TMRE fluorescence was measured by FACS analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD of 3-4 replicates, unpaired t test, ns = not significant, ***P < 0.001. Results are from one experiment.
B. ChIP against Gcn5-myc on cycling cells or cells arrested in pro/metaphase. Mitotic indexes in parentheses were determined by scoring binucleated cells and hypercondensed nuclei. % IP are averages and s.d. calculated from 6 ChIPs on 3 biological replicates.
Tumour growth curves of xenografts derived from HeLaS3 or AGO2KO cells are shown as tumour diameter at different time points (n=5 mice for each group).
(a,b) RIPK2 bone marrow chimeras were analyzed at day 2 after PR8 infection for contribution to elevated IL-18 production by using IL-18 immunohistochemistry (a) and IL-18 ELISA (b) of whole lung homogenates. WT, wild type; t.p., total protein. In a, blue arrows denote IL-18+ macrophages, and red arrows denote IL-18+ bronchial epithelium. Original magnification, ×200.
C, Co-expression of the HOXs along with the photosensory domain of A. nidulans FphA (PGP) over night at 20°C. PGP was purified via the Strep-tag system and the eluate concentrated (upper panel). The lanes were loaded as follows: negative control before induction (-), 20 h after induction (20 h) crude extract (CE), supernatant (S), pellet (P), flow through (F) and eluate (E). The fractions were analyzed by Western Blot using the Anti-His antibody (lower panel).
E. Western blot analysis of CAF that had been treated with PBS or EVs from indicated cells for 48 h.
A Proteins captured by BGL3 and RMRP antisense purifications. Proteins with an absolute log2 (fold change) > 1 and -log10 (p-value) > 1.3 (compared with control purification) were considered as proteins enriched by BGL3 specifically.
(B) Bar graph representation of basal respiration measured in (B) for cWT, cWT+ATAD1 , PEX3-/-, PEX3-/-+ATAD1, cWT-ATAD1 , and PEX3-/--atad1 cells. (C) Bar graph representation of maximal respiration measured in (B) for cWT, cWT+ATAD1 , PEX3-/-, PEX3-/-+ATAD1, cWT-ATAD1 and PEX3-/- -atad1 cells. (D) Bar graph representation of calculated respiratory spare capacity (uncoupled respiration minus basal respiration) measured in (B) for cWT, cWT+ATAD1 , PEX3-/-, PEX3-/-+ATAD1, cWT-ATAD1, and PEX3-/--atad1 cells.
D Halving the ooplasm volume suppressed the premature separation of paternal chromosomes. Oocytes were categorized based on whether the chromosomes exhibited premature separation into univalent-like structures prior to segregation errors. Data from 39 and 17 oocytes, respectively.
(B) Myofibres isolated from Ctrl or ΔDHPR FDB muscles 6 months post injection were processed for immuno‐fluorescent labelling for RyR1 (green), SERCA (red), Dapi (blue) and imaged by confocal microscopy. Scale bars, 10 μm.
HMDM were primed, or not, and stimulated with AdV (50 000 pp/cell) complexed with h9C12 (20 ug/ml) or IVIg (20 or 0.8 mg/ml) for 16h and cell death was measured by LDH release
(E) The hemolytic activity of wild-type pneumococci, TIGR4 (T4) and PLY mutant, T4Δply in the presence of 100 μM peptide P2 and CP2. Data are the mean ± s.e.m. of three independent experiments. *** denotes P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test for multiple comparisons. n.s. denotes not significant. Exact P values are shown in Appendix Table S4.
E Misreading of wild-type mitohybrid ribosomes and mutant A1555G mitohybrid ribosomes in the presence of tobramycin. Misreading was assessed by dual luciferase assay, and results derived by calculating mutant hFluc/hRluc activity related to wild-type hFluc/hRluc activity.
(F) Plot of Pkn values of minichromosomes of increasing DNA length (including YEp13) before and after inactivation of condensin.
(C) Representative images of COS7 cells expressing GFP-COP1 (green) co-transfected with empty vector, TRIB1-FLAG, TRIB2-FLAG, or TRIB3-FLAG (red). Cells were stained with anti-FLAG (Sigma) and anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 568. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 10 µm.
E UCSC genome browser tracks of ribosome footprint data illustrating RPF density distribution across ATF4 mRNA in shSCR and shTINCR WM902B cells.
ADP-heptose-induced cytokine secretion is ALPK1-dependent. HeLa cells were transfected with control or ALPK1-targeting siRNAs and infected with wt S. flexneri (MOI 2) or treated with ADP-heptose (10-5 M). As control, cells were left untreated (mock) or treated with digitonin. Cytokines were measured in cell culture supernatants after 8 h
B Spermatocyte chromosomes that underwent condensation (right) within a MII oocyte (MII chromosome mass, left). In this study, spermatocytes picked up for injection had tetrad chromosomes ready for condensation. C Chromosomal analysis of MII oocytes that had been injected with primary spermatocytes. In the spermatocyte-injected groups, normality was improved by reducing the ooplasm mass (*P < 0.005 by Fisher's exact probability test). Arrows in the right figure indicate prematurely separated chromatids. The numbers of oocytes observed are indicated on the top of the bars.
C Deuteration of BAK in a membrane compared to inactive BAK is mapped onto the structure of an activated BAK BH3:groove dimer
A-B Representative image of a proliferative cell in the DG labeled with an anti-PH3 antibody (green) (A) and quantification of the number of PH3+ cells in the DG of WT and Tau-/- mice (B) (mean ± SEM; n= 10 mice WT, n= 8 mice Tau-/-; Student´s t-test).
A Sensitivity of the indicated mutants to 6-AU. All strains carried a URA3 plasmid, pRS316, and were spotted on SD-Ura with or without 6-AU (100 μg/ml); plates were incubated for 2-4 days at 30°C. ULP2 and ulp2(C624A) represent ulp2Δ::HIS3 cells containing either pRS314-ULP2-FLAG or pRS314-ulp2(C624A)-FLAG.
(E) Ultra-thin cryosections of control, Clq- and Meth-treated dendritic cells as in (D), immunolabeled for LAMP-1 (15 nm gold particles) and MHC class II (10 nm gold particles). Scale bar, 200 nm.
B. Kaplan-Meier survival curve for Brca1ex2/+;Trp53bp1-/-;Trp53+/- and Brca1ex2/ex2;Trp53bp1-/-;Trp53+/- mice. N=20 animals in each group. Statistical analysis by Mantel-Cox log-rank test.
E, INSL5 overexpression activated AKT, ERK, JAK1 and STAT5 phosphorylation, not STAT3 in HK1 cells. INSL5 overexpressing HK1 cells were treated with MK2206 (50uM), U0126(20uM), MK2206+U0126, or Ruxolitinib (5uM) for 24h. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the effects of those inhibitors on STAT5 and STAT3 phosphorylation level.
G. Changes in Myc share in LPS treated versus untreated cells for the different clusters of panel d. p-values obtained with two-sample Wilcoxon tests for the comparison between c-mycwt/wt and c-myc∆/∆ cells are reported.
with digitonin alone, digitonin and wild-type S. flexneri lysate or digitonin and ADP-L-β-d-heptose at indicated concentrations. F) IL-8 production after 6 h in cells treate
(e) Intravascular rolling and firm adherence of neutrophils as assessed in the tumor microvasculature 14 days after intra-dermal injection of 4T1 cells in the right ear of WT mice treated with WX-340 or vehicle by multi-channel in vivo microscopy, quantitative data are shown (mean±SEM for n=4-6 mice per group; *p<0.05 vs. drug vehicle; t test).
B. The YHB1 fold-change differences fit by regression can be converted to full timecourses to determine the marginal contributions of each regulator in driving a regulatory transition of interest (rises and falls).
(B) Epifluorescence microscopy analysis of the localization of de novo made AzgA and FurA transporters (see text for details) in the absence or presence of Benomyl or Latrunculin B after derepression of the relevant genes for the time indicated. Notice that addition of Benomyl, has no effect on translocation of AzgA and FurA to the PM, whereas Latrunculin B abolishes their PM localization, as seen also for UapA. Scale bar: 5 μm.
(D) HeLa cells were transfected with control plasmid (pMKO)/GFP-LC3 or pMKO-BimshRNA/GFP-LC3 (to ensure that GFP-LC3-positive cells also contain BimshRNA or control plasmid, the ratio of pMKO or pMKO-BimshRNA/GFP-LC3 is 3:1). The percentages of cells with GFP-LC3 vesicles were assessed. Data are shown as mean ± SD. ∗∗∗p < 0.001.
(L) Larval NSCs of control (ctrl; yw), pr-set7716/Df, and UAS-pr-set7 induced with insc­-Gal4 at 72h ALH were stained for Pr-set7, Mira and DNA. (M, N) Quantifications of NSC diameters (M) at 24h ALH and EdU incorporation (N) for genotypes in (O). In (M), n=152 for control; n=129 for pr-set7716/Df. In (N), for control, n=601, 13 BL at 24h ALH; n=988, 14 BL at 48h ALH; n=813, 9 BL at 72h ALH and n=829, 10 BL at 96h ALH. For pr-set7716/Df, n=566, 12 BL at 24h ALH; n=808, 13 BL at 48h ALH; n=1032, 10 BL at 72h ALH and n=825, 9 BL at 96h ALH. Data information: Quantification data are presented in as mean ± SD M, N). n numbers in N) were total NSCs counted with total brain lobes measured, while each brain lobe considered as one biological replicate. White arrows point to NSCs Statistical analyses were done comparing two different genotypes using Mann-Whitney test M, N). ***P < 0.001. Scale bars, 5 μm L),
(B) Cells were starved for 2 h, with (top row) or without BAF A1 (bottom row). Cells were stained for endogenous UBQLN2 (magenta) and LC3 (green).
(F) The data modalities that supported the rCCS status of ERBB2 and the proportion of cell lines having that evidence in the HER2+ cell lines (n=17).
E Representative fluorescent stereo-micrographs of glands injected with MM134:RFP-luc2 cells (left, top and bottom) infected with either GFP:sh-scramble (top) or GFP+ shLOXL1 (bottom), n=5 and 3. Scale bar, 1000 μm. F Barplot showing the ratio of GFP/RFP signal from fluorescent stereo-micrographs of glands engrafted with MM134 cells, n=8. Statistical analysis by paired Student t-test, two-tailed. *p < 0.05.
(g) Fluorescence microscopy of C. elegans transgenic embryos expressing a full-length plgg-1DsRED::LGG-1 fusion protein indicative of autophagic activity. Shown are two representative pictures of embryos untreated (control) or treated with spermidine (0.2 mM) supplementation of food. (h) Quantification of autophagic activity through measurement of DsRED::LGG-1 pixel intensity from images of wild-type animals shown in g, and bec-1 RNAi knockdown animals (bec-1 RNAi). Data represent means ± s.e.m. (n = 3) with at least 25 images processed for each trial.
MCF10A cells were pretreated for 15 minutes with either DMSO or 10uM BIRB, followed by 60 minutes with either DMSO, 25uM 4HNE, 5uM RSL3, 4HNE and BIRB or RSL3 and BIRB. mRNA was isolated and HSF1 expression was quantified by qPCR. Shown are three independent experiments with standard deviation (n=3 experiments per group). P‑values were obtained by unpaired Student's t‑test with *P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005. Exact p‑values are reported in the Appendix Table S1.
(D) Plateau of cytosolic Ca2+ flux from intracellular Ca2+ stores in (A) calculated by the mean value over the last 30 seconds of analysis with baseline subtracted. Two-tailed paired t test, *P < 0.05.
Ub/Ub-like specificity assay measuring activity of WT and inactive Cys-to-Ala wMelOTU toward the Ub-, ISG15-, NEDD8-, and SUMO1-KG(TAMRA) substrates. Ub/Ub-like specificity assay measuring activity of WT and inactive Cys-to-Ala BurkOTU toward the Ub-, ISG15-, NEDD8-, and SUMO1-KG(TAMRA) substrates. Note that the rise in fluorescence polarization signal, indicative of a noncovalent interaction, is specific to the Ub substrate.
B16N melanoma cells stably expressing GFP-luciferase were injected into syngeneic WT and EGR4-/- mice by tail vein injection. All lung tumors were isolated from both WT and EGR4KO mice along with spleens and analysed for CD45+ cells. (G) Representative FACS plots depicting gating strategies for defining Treg cell populations in Panels E and F
(C) Quantitative analysis of respiratory fitness of isolated mitochondria extracted from flies of the indicated genotypes. Graph shows (mean± SEM, n=3 independent experiments) respiratory control rate (RCR) calculated as described. One way ANOVA, Newman Keuls test
(F) Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and (G) Right ventricular hypertrophy index following the experimental protocol.
Monocyte recruitment in the draining lymph node requires collective DC activation (B) Flow cytometric quantification of monocyte numbers in the lymph nodes of mice injected with poly(I:C) expressed as a fold change over PBS controls. Data are pooled from 2 independent experiments.
Role of the UBE2RHTH in diUb formation is determined from kinetic parameters for mutants upon titrating the acceptor Ub in pulse-chase reactions following UBE2R2~*Ub monitored by fluorescent scanning of nonreducing SDS-PAGE gels
B, Representative images of the indicated brain regions of a Fluc-EGFP mouse, stained for EGFP (green) and the neuronal marker NeuN (magenta). Insets show higher magnification of the areas indicated by the boxes.
C Representative images of MPO, F4/80 and CD4 immunohistochemistry in the ileum tissue of male wildtype and Vil-Ogt KO mice. Scale bars = 50 μm
C An MII oocyte injected with a putative spermatocyte nucleus from a multinucleated cell in a Stx2repro34 mouse testis, showing the typical paired meiotic chromosomes. Bar = 20 μm.
Northern blotting of HAND2-AS1 and immunobloting of BMPR1A in tumors from PDX HCC#50 after treatment.
(a) U937 cells were transfected with siRNA specific to FIS1, DRP1 or IRGM (or control oligonucleotides) as indicated, followed by plasmid encoding GFP-LC3. Autophagy was induced by treatment with hIFN-γ. GFP-LC3 puncta in cells were imaged by confocal microscopy. Scale bars, 5 μm. (b) LC3 puncta per cell were quantified from cells treated as in a.
J-K Representative images (J) and quantification of the area (K) of MFTs of 8-week-old newborn neurons in the CA3 region of WT CH, WT EE, Tau-/- CH, and Tau-/- EE mice (n= 3 mice per experimental condition). Arrows indicate MFTs.
(G) Quantification of nonmalignant, low-grade PIN (LGPIN) and high-grade PIN (HGPIN) or cancerous acini in the prostates (including anterior prostate (AP), ventral prostate (VP) and dorsolateral prostate (DLP)) of mice with the indicated genotypes and number as in (A).
(B) Scatter plot of ribosome occupancy in Ribo-seq of cultured cardiomyocytes in response to PE and Torin 1 treatment (blue dots - mRNAs upregulated after Torin 1, red dots - downregulated mRNA. RPKM - Reads per kilobase million.
(A) Venn diagram showing a group of transcripts translationally upregulated in vivo 2 days after TAC (DEGs - Differentially Expressed Genes) and regulated by mTORC1 in vitro in NRCMs treated with Torin 1. Table with top translationally regulated mTOR-dependent transcripts in vitro after Torin 1 treatment of NRCMs and in vivo after TAC. Cand2 highlighted in red.
(B) Examples of morula and blastocyst embryos with normal and large polyploid nuclei. Data information: All scale bars 10µm.
Relative expression of leptin (C), TNF-α (D) and IL-6 (E), respectively, in white adipose tissue of mice (n = 7 Veh; 9 AβOs) 7 days after i.c.v. injection of vehicle or AβOs. In (C), *P = 0.0394; in (D), **P = 0.0038; in (E), *P = 0.0305; Student's t-test.
(C) To determine the contribution of ATP demand to increased energy expenditure under UK5099 cells were permeabilized and cytosolic ADP concentrations were clamped. OCR were measured in the presence of 5 mM pyruvate, 3 mM malate, 0.1 mM palmitoyl-CoA, 0.5 mM carnitine and 5 mM ADP. Cells were treated with either 100 nM, 1 µM or 10 µM UK5099. Data shows maximal state 3 OCR normalized to maximal complex 4 activity from n=3 individual experiments.
Leukocyte infiltration in vivo after intratracheal administration assessed b (I) histology analysis (n=2), scale bar = 200 μm, arrows show cellular infiltrate I one representative of 'n' (given in brackets for each panel) independent experiments is shown (mean+SD)
(F) pNK cells were pretreated with either SHP-1 and Cbls siRNA-loaded NPs or N.S siRNA-loaded NPs. After 48 hours, cells were incubated with either 721.221 Cw4 or Cw7 target cells for 2 hours and analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the expression of CD107a. Expression of CD107a was quantitated by mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). The data represent five independent experiments (n=5) Data are shown as mean ± SEM.) (n=5). P values were calculated by One-sample t-tests and One way ANOVA following Tukey's post hoc analysis, and are indicated by asterisks. *P≤0.05.
MBP-Rtt105 pulled down recombinant RPA, resolved on SDS-PAGE gels and visualized by Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining. MBP was used as a negative control.
(B) Go term enrichment analysis based on the significantly up- and down-regulated mRNA in miR-21-3p mimic treated compared to scramble control treated HaCaT cells.
B. Transcription of HIV-1 in the primary CD4+ T cells was determined by nanoluc luciferase assays during HIV-1 infection.
Exosomes were isolated from the media of BMDMs (BMDMs-exo), BMDM-polarized M2 macrophages (M2-exo), BMDM-polarized M2 macrophages transfected with si-CRNDE (M2-si-CRNDE-exo), and BMDM-polarized M2 macrophages transfected with the negative control of si-CRNDE (M2-si-control-exo). Then, MFC cells were treated with indicated exosomes and cisplatin (CDDP; 1μg/ml) for 48 h. (B) The survival rate of MFC cells was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Data information: The results shown are from seven biological replicates. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. one-way ANOVA. **P<0.01.
(H) Relative mRNA levels of Hes5 in primary motor neurons expressing AR24Q and AR97Q (n = 6).
Electron micrographs of HSA-Cre EDL muscles of 3-month-old mice showed that mitochondria are almost exclusively positioned at the two sides of Z lines in EDL fibers from control mice (black arrows). On the other hand, in Lipin1 deficient EDL fibers mitochondria are more often clustered and display electron-dense contact sites (white arrows). Scale bars: 0.20 μm.
E. Calculated percentage of double-positive vesicles (with >50% of the vesicle boundary demarcated by white signal in the colocalization analysis) from 20 cells counted from n=3 biologically independent experiments are shown. Each dot represents 1 cell in the dotted plot. The group means of % Rab10 or pT73-Rab10 vesicles positive with indicated markers were calculated and shown. Error bars represent± SEM. Significance was assessed by Mann-Whitney test for each marker with * representing p<0.05, ** P<0.01.
(a) Bipartite network of species (left) and metabolites (right) for metabolites that decreased by at least two-fold compared to the abundance of each metabolite at the beginning of the experiment. Colors represent modules containing many overlapping interactions in the network. Network partitioning into modules was performed using BiMat(Flores Metabolites in bold were depleted and secreted by distinct organisms. (b) Bipartite network of species (left) and metabolites (right) for metabolites that increased in abundance by at least two-fold compared to the beginning of the experiment. Metabolites highlighted in bold were depleted or secreted by different species. Colors represent modules containing many overlapping interactions in the network. Network partitioning into modules was performed using BiMat(Flores
(A) Huh7.5 cells were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus directly or after pre-treatment with different concentrations (0.0001, 0.001, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 50, 100, 250 IU/mL) of UF heparin or LMWH enoxaparin for 30 min at 37°C. Infection was determined by luciferase reporter activity after 5 days. Data information: Data show the mean values and error bars are the SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using (A) ordinary one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple-comparison test. *P≤0.05, **P≤0.01, ***P≤0.001, ****P≤0.0001 (n=3 donors measured in triplicate).
D, E, F, G, H Experimental validation of the PPIs predicted on the basis of the high confidence CN shown in C. CD4+T cells were left unstimulated (-) or stimulated (+) with anti-CD3 and anti-CD4 antibodies and subsequently lysed. Equal amounts of cell lysates were incubated with isotype control (Iso Ctrl) or the specified antibodies and the resulting immunoprecipitates (IP) analyzed by immunoblot with the antibodies specified in the left margin. The validated PPIs predicted in C correspond to CSK-CBLB and CSK-CD5 (D), CRKL-PI3Kp85β and CSK- PI3Kp85β (E). Molecular masses are shown (kDa). Data are representative of at least 2 experiments.
A Cell morphology and the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, including and TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in mouse primary macrophages treated with LPS and ANGPTL4 (100 ng/ml) using qPCR and RT-PCR, and levels of TGF-β and NO in the LPS- and ANGPTL4-treated primary macrophages (n = 5). Scale bar represents 100 µm
quantitative analysis of the neuron sizes in the spinal cord anterior horns of AR-97Q mice (n = 5 per group).
(E) Lk distributions of the control plasmid (YEp24) relaxed by lysates of ∆top1 top2-4 yeast cells that expressed TOP2 or Top2-∆83. Plots compare the relative intensity of individual Lk topoisomers.
(a) Wild-type, ubp3Δ or bre5Δ strains containing RPL25-GFP and either a control plasmid (pRS315), or plasmids expressing Ubp3p or catalytically inactive Ubp3p-C469A from the endogenous promoter, were grown and starved as described in Fig. 1a. Cells were revealed by phase contrast (right), and the localization of Rpl25p-GFP was analysed by GFP microscopy (left). At least 100 cells per sample were analysed. Scale bar, 5 μm.
C4da neurons were labeled by CD8::GFP expression under ppk-GAL4, and expression of Sox14 was assessed by immunofluorescence. A - C Sox14 stainings at 2 h APF. (A) Control c4da neurons. (B) C4da neurons expressing PP2A-29B dsRNA. (C) C4da neuron expressing dominant-negative Mts. D Quantification of Sox14 expression in (A - C). C4da neuron Sox14 expression was normalized to Sox14 expression in neighboring ddaE c1da neurons (identified by characteristic cell body shape). Data are mean +/- s. d.. The numbers of neurons (animals) for each genotype are given in each graph (data were not derived from independent experiments). n. s., not significant, *** P<0.0005, Wilcoxon's test.
(H, I) Pacs1+/+ and Pacs1-/- mice were injected with EdU and the fraction of EdU+ FOB and MZB cells were measured in the spleen at 1, 4, and 7 days post-injection. Data are from one experiment.
(A) Schematic representation of experimental mouse design. Briefly, 8 week old male ApoE-/- mice on western diet were injected with equal volume saline, or 4mg/kg of LNA-control, or LNA-miR-29 biweekly for 14 weeks.
(H, I) P493-6 cells stably expressing EV or ALKBH5 were infected with viruses expressing SPI1 or PHF12. Cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice (n=5 for each group). Tumor growth curves were measured starting from 17 days post injection (H). Photo (I) of tumors collected at the end of the experiment (day 32). Data are presented as mean (±SEM). * P<0.05 as compared between indicated groups (Student's t‐test).
C Significantly enriched transcription motifs in promoters (from -800 to +200 of transcription start sites) of downregulated genes upon YAP/TAZ knockdown, predicted by TransFind software.
J Tamoxifen induction protocol used in K-N. Adult NestinCreERT2; GFP mice were intraperitoneally injected with tamoxifen for 10 times at 5 consecutive days (12 h apart) and killed 12 dpi.