LPS-induced endotoxemia leads to myocardial inflammation, increased myocardial PGE2-levels and MEF2-activation.Figure 7 MEF2-lacZ reporter mice (BALB/c-background, 6-12 weeks old) were treated with 7 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (O111:B4) or saline intraperitoneally and were sacrificed after 24 hours A mRNA-levels of different inflammatory cytokines, as indicated. The graphs show relative mRNA-levels, fold increase compared to saline-treated controls, normalized to 18s-content Data information: values are mean±s.e.m. The exact n values are shown in the bottom of the bar graphs. *,P<0.05, Welch's two-tailed unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis, n.s.=not significant P values: IL6, P=0.0007 (A); TNFα, P<0.0001 (A)  MEF2-lacZ reporter mice (BALB/c-background, 6-12 weeks old) were treated with 7 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (O111:B4) or saline intraperitoneally and were sacrificed after 24 hours B PGE2 was quantified after mechanical homogenization of deeply frozen hearts using nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry Data information: values are mean±s.e.m. The exact n values are shown in the bottom of the bar graphs. *,P<0.05, Welch's two-tailed unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis, n.s.=not significant P values PGE2, P=0.0016 (B  MEF2-lacZ reporter mice (BALB/c-background, 6-12 weeks old) were treated with 7 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (O111:B4) or saline intraperitoneally and were sacrificed after 24 hours C Histologic and macroscopic stainings of β-galactosidase-activity in MEF2-lacZ reporter mice show MEF2-activation (blue cells and precipitates, respectively) in the myocardium upon LPS-treatment. Saline-treated littermates served as control. Scale bar of histological stainings is 100 µm. Quantification of whole-heart stainings is shown in the right panel (pixel intensity in blue channel normalized to total intensity) Data information: values are mean±s.e.m. The exact n values are shown in the bottom of the bar graphs. *,P<0.05, Welch's two-tailed unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis, n.s.=not significant. In (C) representative images of myocardial sections are shown from 3 independent experiments and representative whole hearts of 6 independent experiments. P values blue pixel intensity, P=0.0083 (C)  MEF2-lacZ reporter mice (BALB/c-background, 6-12 weeks old) were treated with 7 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (O111:B4) or saline intraperitoneally and were sacrificed after 24 hours D Induction of PKD, HDAC5 and PAK2 in myocardial inflammations. Immunoblots were performed on extracts of hearts of saline- and LPS-treated mice. Representative blots are shown in the left panel, the quantification is in the right panel Data information: values are mean±s.e.m The exact n values are shown in the bottom of the bar graphs. *,P<0.05, Welch's two-tailed unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis, n.s.=not significant P values ); phospho-PKD-Ser-744/Ser-748, P=0.0049 (D); phospho-PKD-Ser-916, P=0.2684 (D); phospho-HDAC5-Ser-498 (D), P=0.0019; phospho-HDAC5-Ser-259, P=0.0003 (D); phospho-PAK2-Ser-192/Ser-197, P=0.1962 (D); phospho-PAK2-Thr-402, P=0.0446 (D). The exact n and P values can be also found in the Source Data excel file for Figure 7