EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
Transwell migration (48 h) of WM3734 after transient knockdown of TMX1 and treatment with NAC (100 µM) or mTEMPO (1 µM).
J. Heatmap additive intensities of RFP-actin localization in two representative mitotic U2OS cells for each genotype grown on fibronectin-coated, L-shaped micropatterns. Arrowheads indicate polarized cortical actin.
(G) The PPI of the acoustic startle response was similar at all pre-pulses for Cox6a2-/- and WT mice. Two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's multiple comparisons tests.
DLEU2 expression is regulated by TFEB. qPCR of DLEU2 in human scr-shRNA, sh-TFEB or control and TFEBS142A ECs (left panel) and lung ECs obtained from control and TfebiEC-/- mice (right panel). Data are expressed as relative fold-change compared with the expression in scr-shRNA and control cells after normalization to the housekeeping gene TBP
(G) C. thermophilum mApe1 crystal structure fitted into electron microscopy (EM) map of sc-mApe1 dodecamer. Each of the 12 chains is depicted by a different color. A black sphere represents the N-terminus where the propeptide would emanate from the dodecamer. From left to right: two-fold axis view from the edge, three-fold axis view from the facet and three-fold axis view from the vertex.
(A-B) BMDMs were treated with PA, steric acid (SA), palmitoleic acid (PAO) or oleic acid (OA) (500 µM) for 16 hours. RNA lysates were analyzed by qRT-PCR for the expression of (A) miR-2137 and (B) sXBP1 (n=3 biological replicates).
C) Confusion matrix indicating model performance when predicted on the test split of the cross-validation. Overall accuracy is 0.85.
(A) Pressure-volume curves were determined using the FlexiVent system in age-matched control versus 3-month STZ induced diabetic mice. The curves represent group averages (mean ± SD; : p<0.05; N=5).
B. Immunoblot of extracts of cells used in A with the indicated antibodies for detection.
(G) Time course in (D) shown as a profile that bisects the nucleus and the mitochondrial network. The location of the profile is shown as a white line in the lower right panel of (D). Profile correlation scores for each time point are shown
D. Ratio of salivary gland to midgut sporozoites of the indicated parasite lines. Black dots: individual experiments with 10-20 mosquitoes. Bars: mean. Significance for , (D) determined by One-way analysis of variance with Tukeys Multiple Comparison test.
C Phase diagram of 20 μM proteins as a function of pH and PEG 8K concentration, which was scored by the presence or absence of droplets in the samples.
B) Pearson correlation scores and associated p-values [-log10] of all protein intensities with the UPDRS-III score. Either all PD patients (left), iPD patients (middle) or LRRK2 PD patients (right) were included. Significantly correlated proteins with an FDR of 5% after Benjamini-Hochberg correction are highlighted in red.
G Immunoprecipitation analysis of ubiquitination of Flag-USP33 in p97-WT or p97-KO 2fTGH cells co-transfected with Flag-USP33 and HA-Ub and then treated with NaCl (+34 mM) for 12 hrs. Data information: Data are representative of at least two biological replicates.
B. Specimen IdU tracts on a DNA fibre. DNA fibre is coloured blue and IdU tracts red. Scale bar is 10 µm (= 20 kb)
Sw.71 (left panel) and HPC cells (right panel) were treated with IFNβ to detect ISG20 protein expression. (D) Sw.71 and HPC cells were treated with 300ng/ml IFNβ over time and protein was collected for determining ISG20 protein expressions by western blot. Note that there was no ISG20 protein expression in the no treatment group in both Sw.71 and HPC, only after IFNβ treatment, ISG20 protein expression exhibited a time-dependent manner. β-actin served as a loading control.
(G) LPS‐pretreated Atg5fl/fl Cre− and Atg5fl/fl Cre+ BMMs were stimulated with 20 μM nigericin for 1 h in OptiMEM and release of cathepsin B was determined by immunoblotting. Figure source data can be found in Supplementary data.
D Quantification of Ki67 and TUNEL stainings from immunohistochemistry shown in (C). Error bars indicate SD. *P 0.05.
(B) HeLa cells left unstimulated (CTR) or infected with Listeria for 1 or 3 h, analysed by IF using antibodies against mTOR and LAMP2.
I) The ratio of spliced to unspliced p120-MS2bs-ex7 was measured as in C). Average values and standard deviations of three biological replicates are shown.
Tumour diameter before and after doxycycline withdrawal in 4 K and 5 KM breast tumours with cMet amplification. 0 indicates when doxycycline was removed. Each colour represents one tumour. Blue and green squares indicate the timeframe between doxycycline withdrawal and the moment in which tumours resumed growth.
Histologic assessment of TH+ and DA transporter (DAT) fiber intensities in the striatum n= 7 sh-SGK1-AAV9-treated PD mice, 7 sh-cont-AAV9-treated PD mice, and 8 SNCA-untreated mice. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA. Scale bar, 100µm.
(D) The structure of NuMA and microtubules in centrinone-treated acentrosomal spindles of HeLa cells. Two-way arrows indicate the bipolarity of elongated NuMA structures. Gray, red, green and blue represent α-tubulin, NuMA, Cep152 and DNA, respectively. Scale bar, 5 μm.
K Relative FISH expression levels of β-catenin in the nucleus and cytoplasm of epithelium and mesenchyme at E60, E90, and E60 cultured for 12 and 24 h. Data information: Data represent the means ± SEM. n = 3 for all experiments. One-way ANOVA for K, *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001.
Quantification of the percentage of cells exhibiting Golgi-nucleating activity in centrinone-treated cells 48h after the washout of the drug. Cells were divided into two categories depending on the number of centrioles that were visualized by labelling for the centriole protein Cep63. At least 100 cells from two independent experiments were analyzed in each condition.
(Q) Schematic illustration depicting the role of AP-2 in BACE1 endosomal trafficking.
G-I qPCR analysis of IFNβ (G), CXCL10 (H) and IFIT1 (I) mRNA in SIRT5-deficient or WT H1299 cells (SIRT5 -/- or SIRT5 +/+) infected with or without VSV (VSV or UI) for 8h. Data information: UI, un-infected. The graphs represent fold-induction relative to the untreated cells. All data are presented as the mean values based on three independent experiments, and error bars indicate S.E.M. (unpaired two-tailed Student's t test).
C. Distribution of the number of TFs targeting a gene, based on the DAP-seq available dataset, for LVG (green) and HVG (blue). The distribution of average (black) and 95% confidence interval (dotted grey) for the thousand random sets is also represented.
(D) Western blot detection of p-ATM Ser1981, ATM, p-CHK2 Thr68, CHK2, p-Beclin 1 Ser90, p-Beclin 1 Ser93 and Beclin 1 in H1299 cells transfected with the indicated shRNA in normal medium or after hypoxia.
E, F. Survival analysis of control tumors and those with depleted genes were recorded as indicated in CT26 colon cancer and B16 melanoma, respectively. Data are mean ± s.e.m. of the indicated number of mice in each group. n, the numbers of mice. * P < 0.05; * * P < 0.01; * * * P < 0.001 by Student's t-tests.
C: Relative mtDNA copy number analyzed by RT-qPCR using primers and fluorogenic probes for regions of ND1 and nuclear gene APP in all NSCs (n=4, technical replicates per clone for control; n=5, technical replicates per clone for WS5A; n=7, technical replicates per clone for CP2A).
C Relative mRNA expression of Apopt1 normalized to the expression of GAPDH in skeletal muscle and liver of wild-type, heterozygous and knock-out mice of three months of age. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 6 mice per genotype). The asterisks represent the significance levels calculated by two-way ANOVA with Sidak's multiple comparisons test: Muscle - ***P = 0.0001 (WT vs KO), *P = 0.0310 (WT vs het), *P = 0.0395 (het vs KO), Liver - **P = 0.0022 (WT vs KO), *P = 0.0101 (WT vs het)
Organoid area (in black, left y-axis) and PI intensity (in red, right y-axis) of colo-PDO1 and colo-PDO2 as determined by image analysis 72h after treatment with APR-246 +/- MK-571 (n = 3).
B qPCR analysis of the expression of CDF4 and CAT2 in the leaves Four independent experiments were conducted. Values are given as mean ± SD, n=4. *p<0.05 by Student's t test.
B. Comparison of the conformations of ONX 0914, PR-924, 14, 16, 17 and 18 bound to the chimeric hβ5/hβ6 substrate binding channels. The l amino acid compounds ONX 0914 and 14 display a linear (l) binding mode to the hβ5c/hβ6 (left) and the hβ5i/hβ6 (right) chimeras, whereas the ligands 16 and 17 (P3-d-Ala and morpholine cap) adopt a kinked (k) conformation in both β5 substrate binding channels. Remarkably, the orientation of PR-924 and its analogue 18 (P3-d-Ala and 3-methyl-1H-indene cap) in the hβ5c/hβ6 chimera (and in WT yβ5; see Appendix Figure S5)) differs from that observed with the hβ5i/hβ6 chimera. Note that the inhibitors are rotated by about 45 ° compared to panel A.
View of the cryo-EM structural model showing the interaction surface between Trs85, Trs31 and Trs20. Inset depicts several basic residues from Trs85 that are in close proximity to several acidic residues of Trs20.
A Localisation of transiently expressed GFP-Rab35 in IMCD3 cells after 48h serum starvation and staining for acetylated tubulin (acetyl. tub.) and DNA. Insets show higher magnification images of the cilia region. Scale bars, 10 µm.
(B) Graphs as in (A) showing expression profiles of transcripts encoding enzymes for arginine catabolism (blue) or arginine biosynthesis (red).
Expression of Rpk is increased anterior to the A-P compartment boundary, and in two rows of cells flanking the D-V compartment boundary in the A compartment.
(D) Normalized RelA activity dynamics after TNF treatment quantified via EMSA (mean of three independent experiments ± standard deviation; two-tailed Student's t-test *P<0.05, **P<0.01; corresponding images of representative experiment in Figure EV4A).
Epistatic analysis of 5'-tsRNAs and IGF2BP1 in regulating Myc transcriptional reporter activity. (n = 3), Error bars represent SD, significance was calculated using unpaired t-test.
GFP-Parkin stably expressing HeLa cells with mock treatment or depleted of Stx17 or PGAM5 were incubated with 20 μM CCCP for 2 h and immunostained for LC3. Scale bar, 5 μm. The bar graph below shows the Manders' coefficients for the colocalization of GFP-Parkin and LC3. Values are means ± SEM (n = 3). **P<0.01 as compared with Mock (paired Student's t-test).
Cell surface H2-Kb levels of wild type and TAP1-/- BMDC transduced with control vector or a vector expressing hβ2m were analyzed.
(A) Immunofluorescence labeling of FTSJ1-Flag (red) in HEK293T cells. The nucleus was stained by DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 20 μm.
(J) Metagene analysis of normalized ALYREF signals on histone mRNAs in Cntl and SLBP KD cells based on iCLIP-seq data. iCLIP-seq signal at each position of an mRNA is divided by the sum of signal of the mRNA to normalize each mRNA's contribution to the plot.
H, I GST-pulldown assays using the indicated GST-fused proteins or GST and lysates from 293T expressing GFP-Atg14 CCD or GFP. Bound proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting using an anti-GFP antibody.
Microscopy images of heart sections of indicated mice 6 weeks after TAC surgery stained for Isolectin B4 (green) and WGA (red, M)
C Selected genes relevant for the gut physiology with putative somatic insertion sites. Genic regions +/- 500bp were considered.
(B) In vitro degradation of Mdy2 proteins by purified S. cerevisiae proteasome. Mdy2 (red solid circles), Mdy2ΔN-95 (blue solid circles) and Mdy2-95 (green solid circles) were degraded. Removing the N-terminal domain of Mdy2 (Mdy2ΔN, black solid circles) or adding its binding partner Get4 (red open squares, dash line) or the proteasome-binding competitor UbLMdy2 (red open diamonds, dotted line) stabilized Mdy2Get4. When Mdy2 binding buried the N-terminal domain, addition of a 95 amino-acid tail derived from S. cerevisiae cytochrome b2 at the Cterminus restored degradation of Mdy2 (green open squares, dotted line). The graph plots the amount of substrate estimated by electronic autoradiography in SDS-PAGE gel bands over time as normalized to the initial substrate amount as described in Methods. Data points represent mean values determined from at least three repeat experiments; error bars indicate s.e.m.
Quantification of protein/DNA ratio (C), N=9 samples/group in NRCM transduced with Ad.Con or Ad.TIP30 and stimulated as indicated. PE: phenylephrine.
A. The diagram shows the domain structure of wild type human Tau and the location of the substitution A152T (hTauAT). Tau domains are broadly divided into the N- terminal "projection domain" (amino acids M1-Y197) and the C-terminal "assembly domain" (amino acids S198-L441). The C-terminal assembly domain includes three or four pseudo-repeats (~31 residues each, R1-R4), which together with their proline-rich flanking regions (P1 and P2) constitute the microtubule-binding region. Repeat R2 (exon10) and the two near-N-terminal inserts (N1 and N2, exons 2 and 3) may be absent due to alternative splicing.
(D) mRNA relative expression level of Xbp1s, Dnajb9 (ERdj4), Ddit3 (CHOP) and Ppp1r15a (GADD34) from WT and MyD88KO BMDCs infected with Pru parasites for 16h compared to non-infected (NI) conditions. Results are normalized to the housekeeping gene Gapdh. Two-way ANOVA Tukey's multiple comparisons, ns: p>0.05; *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01; ***: p<0.001, ****: p<0.0001; mean ± S.E.M (n=4-5 mice pooled from 2 independent experiments).
H. Statistical analysis of the percentage of IgG1 switched cells per generation of proliferating WT B cells after four days of stimulation with anti-CD40 + IL-4 either in the presence of DOT1L inhibitor Pinometostat or DMSO as a control. Results represent the data from one experiment and numbers represent biological replicates for each treatment (n = 3).
D Changes in rates of protein synthesis upon Torin1 treatment (5 µM) measured for wild type and the S6 kinase deletion mutant (S6K 3x∆) plotted over time. Non-linear regression exponential decay lines were fitted using the curve fitting function on Prism9. Error bars represent the standard deviation (SD) of data aggregated from 3 independent experiments.
B. Ctrl or STING-KO CT26 cells were treated with 5-FU or vehicle control for 24 hours. The RNA expression levels of indicated genes were determined by qRT-PCR. N=3.
(A) Western blot analysis showing efficient knock-down of uSTAT5 in HPC7 cells on day 3 after infection.
e, Shift in phase durations of RPE cells treated with 50 ng/mL aphidicolin. boxplots representing the distributions of phase durations in untreated cells are underlaid for comparison. *, P < 1 × 10-5; **, P < 1 × 10-10; ***, P < 1 × 10-20, 2-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Number of cells: aphidicolin, n = 115
Effect of IL-6R neutralization by twice-weekly injection of 250 μg/dose of tocilizumab or an isotype control antibody, starting two weeks post tumor cell injection, on (E and F) the spleen weights of MISTRG6 mice transplanted with 1x106 primary DLBCL cells (expanded by one serial passage through MISTRG6 mice),
MeRIP-qPCR analysis of m6A levels of TCF7L2 in crypts treated with or without Wnt3a. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. *p<0. 05 (3 biological replicates, t-test).
B. Heatmap and Euclidian distance dendrogram of quantified transcripts from RNAseq data generated as shown in panel A. 3C cultures cluster with purified CD34+α6+ HFSCs (n=3 biological replicates).
C. Schematic diagram showing the putative organization of the Mdm12 (yellow)-Mmm1 (red)-Mdm34 (blue)-Mdm10 (green) tetramer. Mmm1 forms a homo-dimer with a head-to-head contact in the center, capped on each end by a Mdm12 monomer through a tail-to-tail contact. Mdm12 associates with Mdm34 through a head-to-head contact. The hexameric SMP model was derived from the structure of six ΔMdm12 molecules within the asymmetric unit.
A. The pattern of Parkin translocation caused by Miro1 overexpression is different from A&O-induced translocation. The figure illustrates puncta-like EYFP-Parkin on mitochondria in antimycin and oligomycin-treated (both 10 µM for 3h) PC6 cells (middle panels), whereas in Miro1-overexpressing cells, EYFP-Parkin appears along rod-shaped mitochondria visualised with CFP-mito (lower panels). The merged panels present EYFP-Parkin (green) and CFP-mito (red)
(D) SA promotes co‐precipitation of endogenous ATG16L1 with endogenous TMEM59. HeLa cells were infected with SA (2 h, moi=10), lysed and subjected to immunoprecipitation with anti‐TMEM59 antibodies or irrelevant protein G beads (as indicated). Immunoprecipitates were processed for western blotting. The right panel shows control WBs of the lysates used for immunoprecipitation.
Representative images of HeLa cells transfected with sNASP-FL. DNA is visualized via DAPI staining shown in magenta and immunofluorescence for 3xFLAG is shown in green. Scale bar = 5 μm.   Quantification of the nuclear anti-FLAG immunofluorescence intensity in (G) demonstrating that sNASP-FL is highly susceptible to pre-extraction with Triton X-100. One way ANOVA was used to determine p-values (italics) associated with differences between treatments. Error bars represent mean +/- standard deviation. Experiment in (G-H) was performed twice.
j, Shifts in phase durations for RPE cells overexpressing cyclin D. A boxplot representing the distributions of durations in untreated cells is underlaid for comparison. *, P < 1 × 10-5, 2-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. (n = 113 cells).
(I) The growth curve of HT29 CRC cells cultured in the supernatant with or without ISLR-HA. The supernatant were collected for HT29 CRC cells 24 hours after transfected with pcDNA3.1 empty vector or pcDNA3.1-ISLR-HA vector. n=5 at each timepoint.
C. Comparative Gene Ontology biological process (GOBP) term enrichment analysis of proteins with TNF-α-upregulated ubiquitylation and phosphorylation sites. The heatmap shows the relative enrichment of significantly enriched (p<0.01) terms.
F. 293T cells transiently expressing Flag-WDTC1 were transfected with scramble (scrm) siRNA or siRNAs against DDB1, CUL4A and CUL4B. Flag-WDTC1 levels and knockdown efficiency were assessed by immunoblotting as indicated.
Colitis was induced in B6 Rag1−/−mice as described in Fig .C UniFrac analyses were used to calculate distances between the microbial communities of the different samples (week 7), and three‐dimensional scatter plots were generated by using principal coordinate analyses (PCoA). Gray dots = CD4+CD45RBhiT cells + PBS; yellow dots = CD4+CD45RBhiT cells + NCK56; green dots = CD4+CD45RBhiT cells + NCK2187; blue dots = CD4+CD45RBhiT cells + SlpA; red dots = CD4+CD45RBhiT cells + Tregs. Each dot represents the fecal microbiota data of an individual mouse.
Immunoblot analysis of SNC1 (A-B), SUMM2-3HA (C), RPS4HA (D), RPP4myc (E), RPS2HA (F) and RPM1myc (G) protein levels in the indicated genotypes. For all panels, equal loading is shown by Ponceau S staining of a non-specific band. The numbers below represent the normalized ratio between the intensity of the protein band and the Ponceau S band ± SD (n=3). Molecular mass marker in kilo Daltons is indicated on the left. Three independent experiments were carried out with similar results.
Scatter plot showing the average dwelltime (Δτav) values for the cases of 2 (d2) and 4 (d4) nucleotide separation between the PAM sites. The values are averages of four measurements over four different days for each case. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. The average dwelltime was obtained using the equation τav=(A1Δτ12+A2τ22)/(A1Δτ1+A2Δτ2)
D ChIP-qPCR analysis showing that the enrichment of BZR1 in the promoter regions of its target genes is dependent on BICs. The 10-d-old 35S:BZR1-MYC and 35S:BZR1-MYC/bic1bic2 seedlings were treated with 1 μM epibrassinolide (eBL) for 3 h and then collected for ChIP assays.
(C, D) Total and cleaved caspase 3 levels were detected by western blot. WT and Mfn2 KO cells subjected or not to XBP‐1 silencing (Scr, and KD) and treated with 1 μM Tg for 24 h. Data are mean±s.e.m. (n=3). *P0.05 versus WT group.
(G) Statistics of relative intensity of HOPX (n = 3 biological replicates, one-way ANOVA, F (2, 6) = 5.084, control vs. hFOXM1 P=0.0435, control vs. hFOXM1Δexon9 P= 0.3991 for HOPX).
(C) NF-κB pathway inhibition using the specific inhibitor Bay11-7082 resulted in two cell stage arrest. Three independent experiment replicates were performed, error bars represent s.d.; ***:P<0.001 in unpaired two-tailed t-test.
E) Dot blot of the RCA product either treated or not with the Exonuclease VII that degrades linear single-stranded DNA in both the 3' to 5' and 5' to 3' directions (upper panel). The membrane was hybridized with a telomeric TG1-3 probe. The signal intensities of the dots are shown (lower graph).
PAECs were infected with Lenti-pre-miR-483 or Lenti-null for 24 hr. Expression levels of TGF-β, TGFBR2, β-catenin, CTGF, IL-1β, and ET-1 mRNA were measured by qPCR Data information: Values are expressed as mean ± SEM from 3 independent experiments. Statistical test: t-test (*P < 0.05 between the indicated groups
B. Results of real-time RT-PCR analysis of Trpv1, Trpv2, Trpv3 and Trpv4 expression using mouse differentiated brown adipocytes. Expression levels of mRNA were normalized to that of the ribosomal protein gene (36B4), a housekeeping gene un-affected by adipogenesis. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6.
(H) 4T1 cells co-cultured with the indicated lymphocyte populations isolated from inguinal LN of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice by FACS sorting. After 5-day co-culture, 4T1 cells at lower well were analyzed for Il-17rb expression by RT-qPCR analysis. Gapdh was used as internal control.
(A) The islets of WT, Pdia4-/- (KO) and Pdia4tg/tg (TG) BKS mice were isolated and grown in complete DMEM medium containing 3.3 mM (LG) and 30 mM glucose (HG) for 12 h. The islets stained with propidium iodide (PI), photographed, and quantified. Scale bar = 50 μm. Data information: Data from 3 experiments are presented as the mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis of differences between groups, and P (*) < 0.05; P (**) < 0.01 and P (***) < 0.001 are considered statistically significant.
(B) A subset of the predicted TA proteins was screened by overexpression in Drosophila larval eye imaginal discs containing clones of a previously isolated EMC3 mutant allele, EMC3Δ4 TA protein predicted membrane localization is shown to the left: G (Golgi apparatus), ER (endoplasmic reticulum), C (cytoplasmic membrane), N (nucleus), M (mitochondria) and P (peroxisome). The ratio of fluorescence intensity for the tested TA proteins in EMC3 homozygous mutant cells over WT cells (EMC3Δ4/WT) was measured and plotted. Proteins were classified into four groups according to the ratio measured: strongly reduced (ratio<0.5; bars in red), reduced (ratio 0.5-0.8; bar in pink), normal (ratio 0.8-1.2; bars in blue) and increased (ratio>1.2; bars in dark blue). For quantification, at least 3 mutant patches were quantified per eye imaginal disc, and at least three eye imaginal discs derived from distinct flies were used (N=3). Error bars correspond to standard deviation (stdev).
(A) Histogram (mean, 95 %CI) of fold induction of PXR activity reporter assay (luc, luciferase) in LS180 cells transiently transfected with wild-type PXR and p3A4-luc reporter plasmids. Chemical structures of FKK5, FKK6 and FKK999 compounds are overlaid. The bar graph(s) depicts one representative experiment of a series of experiments (n > 3) performed in four consecutive passages of cells. *p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's post hoc test. *significant over vehicle (DMSO) control.
(B) Amphetamine-induced rotations at two and six weeks after lesion. Individual values and Mean ± SD are shown, n=11 animals in each group. Tukey post hoc analysis after two-way RM ANOVA, *P < 0.05 compared to WT.
(B) Time course experiments showing depletion levels of Lon over time and the corresponding accumulation of N-terminal FLAG-tagged derivatives of candidate substrates associated to cell division, including FtsA, FtsZ and DnaB. Protein levels of Lon and candidate substrates were assessed by immunoblot analysis using anti-Lon and anti-FLAG antibodies. LC, loading control.