EMBO/sd-character-level-ner huggingface dataset:
Size of individual fat body cells (C) and LD density of individual fat body cells (D). Bars show the group mean, light grey highlights 2x SD of the control mean (animals expressing the Sec61b control ER protein), and dotted red lines show dTorKO mean. These are results of n≥3 larvae (of 3 independent crosses). One-way ANOVA, with Bonferroni's post hoc test. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 and **** p <0.0001.
(H). Schematic illustration of the PTP-MEG2-regulated processes of vesicle fusion and secretion in chromaffin cells via the dephosphorylation of different substrates with distinct structural basis. PTP-MEG2 regulates vesicle fusion and vesicle size during the catecholamine secretion of adrenal gland by modulating the phosphorylation state of the pY83 site of NSF, which relies on the key residues G334, D335 (pY loop), Y471 (WPD loop), I519 (P-loop) and Q559 (Q loop). PTP-MEG2 regulates the fusion pore initiation and expansion procedures of catecholamine secretion by the adrenal gland (also designated as foot probability) by modulating the newly identified substrate MUNC18-1 at its pY145 site and DYNAMIN2 at its pY125, through distinct structural basis from that of its regulation of NSF phosphorylation.
5F) HeLa cells and HeLa cells stably expressing LC3 were transfected with scrambled or PINK1 siRNA. 48 h post transfection cells were either left untreated (+ medium) or starved (+HBSS) for additional 24 h and afterwards the amount of adherent cells was determined. The amount of non-starved cells was set as 1. PINK1 knockdown resulted in elevated cell loss, which was prevented by LC3 overexpression; HeLa: n = 6, p<0.05; HeLa LC3: n = 5.
J Caco-2 cell monolayers on transwell membranes were treated with or without OMVs (100 μg/mL) for 24h. FITC-dextran was added to these cells (top of the membrane). After 2h, FITC-dextran levels in the bottom chamber wells were measured (n = 9 independent experiments). Data information: Data are means ± SD. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test was used for statistical analyzes. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
A, Topological overlap matrix (TOM) plot of coexpression network created from gene expression profiling of all samples across both timepoints (n = 42 patients × 2 timepoints × 2 technical replicates = 168 samples). At top, dendrogram of the hierarchical clustering of the matrix that undergoes a dynamic tree-cut operation to form 92 gene coxpression network modules (coEMs), depicted by the colored bars on the edges of the TOM plot. Color assignment is arbitrary. Three coEMs are highlighted (boxes).
A - HeLa cells were pre-treated with the indicated concentrations of CP4d (or DMSO alone) for 2 h before being infected with L2incDGFP at MOI=0.15. Thirty hours later the cells were disrupted and bacterial titers (IFU=inclusion forming unit) were determined by re-infecting fresh HeLa cells as described in the methods. The mean ± SD of three independent experiments are shown. P-values of Student's paired t-test are indicated when <0.05.
G) Frequency of EdU positive cells with over 6 53BP1 foci in Mybl2+/+, Mybl2Δ/Δ untreated and Mybl2+/+ and Mybl2Δ/Δ plus CPT. Error bars represent SEM. Statistical analysis using unpaired two-tailed t-test. At least 200 EdU positive nuclei were analysed from 4 experimental repeats.
C) Quantification of mean T-bar width [WT n = 90, hiw;wnd n = 55, hiw;wnd, Elav-GAL4 > dNmnat RNAi n=81. 1-way ANOVA w/Tukey's multiple comparisons, DF=225, F=13.829, p < 0.0001. WT vs hiw;wnd p < 0.0001 (****), WT vs hiw;wnd, Elav-GAL4 > dNmnat RNAi p = 0.9318 (NS), hiw;wnd vs hiw;wnd, Elav-GAL4 > dNmnat RNAi p < 0.0001 (****)]. (D) Analysis of cumulative frequency distribution of T-bar width shows a left shift in distribution in hiw;wnd but no change in hiw;wnd, Elav-GAL4 > dNmnat RNAi compared with WT NMJs [WT vs hiw;wnd K-S test, D=0.5636, p < 0.0001 (****), WT vs hiw;wnd, Elav-GAL4 > dNmnat RNAi K-S test, D=0.1815, p = 0.1240 (NS), hiw;wnd vs hiw;wnd, Elav-GAL4 > dNmnat RNAi K-S test, D=0.4121, p < 0.0001 (****)].
A Human neurons differentiated in culture for 30 days from ReNcell VM neuronal progenitors (Control), or otherwise identical cells expressing Flag-Raptor fused to either the plasma membrane targeting signal of H-Ras or the lysosomal targeting signal of Rheb were serum-starved in Hank's balanced salt solution for 2 hours, and then imaged by 2P-FLIM before and 30 minutes after addition of insulin. Each colored line refers to a single field of view containing 5-15 cells, and each pair of solid and dotted lines (same color) refers to the same field of view. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's two-tailed unpaired t-test (ns: not significant). Expression of the Flag-Raptor fusion proteins was confirmed by western blotting (right panel). Note that NiMA was supported when mTORC1 was targeted to lysosomes (Flag-Raptor Rheb15), but not to the plasma membrane (Flag-Raptor H-Ras25). Western blots are representative of 3 independent assays
Microtubular transport speed is reduced by the presence of aggresome-like structures in cultured HCs, and is improved upon 4-PBA treatment. The mean velocity of lysosomes was measured on time-lapse recordings of HCs, at the level of their apical surface labelled with LysoTracker®. (G): WT/WT+4PBA/Elp3cKO/Elp3cKO+4PBA n=732/763/730/738, pooled from 4 OCs per condition, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01. All data analysed with Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, Dunn's multiple comparisons test. Box/whisker plots depict minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum.
A, B The graph depicts the growth inhibitory properties (GI50) of RK-33 for the NCI-60 panel of cell lines. The NCI-60 is a panel of 60 extensively characterized human cell lines derived from nine distinct tumor types: melanoma, ovarian, renal, breast, leukemia, lung, prostate, colon, and CNS.
(O) Atg1 directly phosphorylated Sqa in vitro. Flag‐tagged Atg1 WT or KR immunoprecipated from lysate of transfected cells was used to phosphorylate bacterially expressed recombinant Sqa‐K1, Sqa‐K2, and Sqa‐C in an in vitro kinase assay. The lower panels represent equal input of His‐fusion proteins and Atg1 immunoprecipitates.
A and B. Time course analyses of mutant SOD1 levels at the MAM in SOD1G93Amousespinal cords (A) and brains (B). Immunoblots show levels of mutant SOD1 protein in the indicated fractions at various time points (left panels). Quantitative data at the right were plotted as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Arrows indicate a rapid reduction in SOD1 level at the MAM just following the onset of disease.
(B) Western blot analysis of egress time-course, comparing maturation of the different SERA6 variants from DMSO- and RAP-treated SERA6-WT-myc3 [SERA6-mTAP:loxP] and SERA6-Cys644Ala-myc3 [SERA6-mTAP:loxP] parasites (representative of 2 independent experiments). Schizonts were sampled at the indicated times following washout of C2, or arrested with E64-d (50 μM), a membrane-permeable derivative of E64 which is a more potent inhibitor of SERA6 maturation (Appendix Fig S1). Samples were probed with anti-myc to detect the myc3-tag, anti-HA to detect the mTAP tag, or anti-SERA6 (S6C1) to detect a different region of SERA6 respectively (see Fig 1A for antibody epitope positions). One of the blots was stripped and re-probed with anti-AMA1 as a loading control. Nomenclature for each protein species was based on apparent molecular mass or predicted composition.
H WT or Sirt5-deficient MEF cells (Sirt5 +/+ or Sirt5 -/-) were infected with or without SeV for 8 h, the interaction between endogenous Mavs and Rig-I was revealed by immunoprecipitation using anti-Mavs antibody, followed by immunoblotting with anti-Rig-I antibody.
G. HNF1A and KDM6A co-occupy the same regions in Pah, which is downregulated in Hnf1a and Kdm6a knock-out pancreas.
(D) TM induction scheme (D) for Gata6 inducible knockout (iKO) and wild type (WT) mice over time, showing the loss of Gata6 (red) from the hair follicle. Scale bars: 30 m.
Rapamycin treatment (48 h) promoted the downregulation of the H4K16 histone acetyltransferase hMOF expression level in MEF (a)
(D) 293T cells were transfected with 1.0 μg of pNL4-3 and 0.5 μg of pQCXIP-FLAG-IFITM3 variants. Virus-containing supernatants were harvested and 10 ng p24 equivalents were used to reinfect fresh SupT1 T cells. Productive infection was scored by immunostaining with the KC57 antibody and flow cytometry at 48 hours post-infection. The means + SD of 3 experiments are shown.
(O-Q) Quantification of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in 99LN-BrM tumors with and without irradiation by flow cytometry.
(J) HeLa cells were transfected with ATG16L1-mStrawberry and RAB11-EGFP or MVb tail-EGFP. The size of ATG16L1 vesicles was scored in RAB11 and MVb tail overexpression conditions. The inserts show just the ATG16L1 vesicles as quantified in histogram. Error bar, SEM. ∗∗∗p<0.001.
(D) Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) of flag-galectin-8 (Gal-8) and GFP-TRIM16 (T16) in HEK293T cells.
(A) MEFs were transfected with GFP-tagged wild-type (WT) or mutant Parkin expression plasmid followed by an 18-h treatment of CCCP. Cells are immunostained with a Tom20 antibody to visualize mitochondria (red). GFP-parkin-transfected cells are marked by dotted lines. Arrows indicate parkin-positive mitochondria or mitochondrial aggregates. Bar, 10 µm. (B) The average percentages of mitochondria-free cells from three independent experiments from A are presented with standard deviation as error bar. **, P < 0.01
D, E, F. Quantification three weeks after TAM treatment. Among EYFP-positive cells, the density of RGL-ANSCs is not different (P = 0.65, t-test) (D). The density of ANPCs is significantly decreased (P = 0.0037, t-test) (E) whereas the density of DCX-positive cells is markedly increased (P = 0.014, t-test) (F). (n = 4 for Control, n =3 for cKO). Open arrowheads indicate respective cells. G, H, I. Quantification two months after the induction of KO (n = 3 for Control, n = 4 for cKO). The density of RGL-ANSCs is not significantly different (P = 0.29, t-test) (G). The density of ANPCs is significantly decreased. (P = 0.0092, t-test) (H). The density of neuroblasts is not significantly different (P = 0.76, t-test) (I).
Relative responses of subcutaneous KP-ix tumors harboring doxycycline (DOX)-inducible gain-of-function (GOF)-Fak1 cDNA treated with vehicle, (G) CB-839, with or without DOX/PIP2 (n = 36 mice per treatment group). Relative response = average tumor volume with treatment / average tumor volume with vehicle.
Clustering of metabolome data in patients and controls; PLS-DA plots; VIP score plots of top 15 metabolites; volcano plots of all metabolites in blood of MIRAS (B) Data information: a Significantly changed metabolites outside the FDR cut-off. b Metabolites not significantly changed between patients and controls. Colours in VIP score and volcano plots indicate the same most relevant and/or significantly changed metabolites among all patients groups. C3, component 3 CDCA, chenodeoxycholic acid
Negative-stain electron micrographs showing that hcGAScat-ΔDNA-Y215E is defective in inducing cGAS-dsDNA complexes. Scale bar: 100 nm.
LTβR‐Fc or control immunoglobulin (Ig)‐treated wild‐type mice; percentage of mice with at least one ANA. E denotes gestational day. *ANA were determined with LIA at the age of 3 months. **ANA were determined with LIA 3 months after the start of treatment.
L No difference in the cell-migration activities of control and two independent miR-1236-/- (#1 and #2) COV434 cell lines. The migrated cells were imaged under a bright-field microscope (100× magnification, scale bar = 100 µm; top) and the results (bottom) represent fold-changes in the average number of cells/field. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments.
G Functional unit composition of HK2pep (left); the HK2-targeting sequence is in red; the polycation and polyanion stretches are in light blue and light green, respectively; the MMP2/9 target sequence is in yellow. On the right, mass spectrometry profile of HK2pep before and after incubation (cl-HK2pep) with human MMP9.
Quantitative data showing colony numbers in hOSE-MXIV, hOSE-YAP and hOSE-YAPS127A cells with or without pRB knockdown or LATS2 deletion. hOSE cells at the 7th passage were incubated in the growth medium in a soft agar culture system for 9 days before counting colonies under a microscope.
B. Double MSA classification: (i) representative orientation class averages show TssA1 rings arranged into four-fold (4x), five-fold (5x) and six-fold (6x) symmetry-like complexes (indicated in red, blue and green, respectively); (ii) sub-class averages obtained from sub-classification of the corresponding orientation class; and (iii) calculated difference images showing some white or black peaks (coloured circles) at the outer ring region. Scale bar is 100 Å.
D, Flow cytometric analysis of PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells from MC38 in tumours as in A. Data are presented as mean SEM and analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison (n=6/group).
K Bar graphs show qPCR analysis of Dll4, Emcn, Kdr, Flt4, Sele, Mmp9, Plxnd1, Robo4, Unc5b, Cdh5, Cldn5, Gja1, Gja4, Icam1, Icam2, Jam3, Ntn1, Ntn2, Ocln, Pecam1, Tjp1, Tjp2, Tjp3 and Vcam1 expression (normalized to Actb) in purified CD31+ Emcnhi ECs compared to CD31+ Emcnlo ECs from murine pancreas.
(E) Representative images of wt, cest-2.2 O/E and cest-2.2 (lf) animals stained with ORO. Arrows indicate mislocalized lipid droplets. (F) Quantification (mean intensity ± SEM) of ORO staining in hindgut (left panel), foregut (center panel) and whole body (right panel) of 5-day-old nematodes (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's post hoc correction, n=11-17 animals). Data information: , bars represent mean ±SEM Across experiments, p value summary is ns= not significant, *p<0.05, **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, ****p<0.0001.
Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantified in the platelets using the fluorescent dye DCFH-DA. (ROS; *p=0.0139, MsrB2 fl/fl n=5, MsrB2 -/- n=6)
(A) Subcellular distribution of HuR and Ago2 in Huh7 cells. Isotonic lysates of Huh7 cells transfected with HA-HuR expression or pCIneo control vector were analyzed on 3-30% OptiprepTM gradients for separation of organelles and localization of Ago2 and HuR were determined by western blotting analysis. Alix and Calnexin were used as markers of late endosome/MVB and ER respectively. Positions of specific organelle containing fractions were marked above the panels. * denotes the position of the high molecular weight HuR bands detected in the MVB fractions.
(C) Representative western blot analyses on plasma samples (n=4) collected from animals 4 weeks post-AAV injection. Cntrl +: positive controls represented by the loading of the purified KB-AT-23 or KB-AT-113 proteins.
Hoxa5on and Hoxc8on cells adopt an "all or none" segregated cell fate despite coexistence of Hoxa5/Hoxc8 mRNAs, indicating a potential post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism for cell fate segregation.
A. Mitochondrial aconitase activity in H9c2 cells with or without ABCB8 overexpression and treated with or without H2O2. N=4 independent samples for each group. ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey test was performed. * P=0.0004 EV-PBS vs. EV-H2O2. * P=0.0001 EV-H2O2 vs. ABCB8-H2O2.
Sequence alignment of mouse Nrxn1-3 LNS2SS2- showing key regions involved in Nxph1 binding. Sequences are numbered in reference to the canonical UniProt mouse Nrxn1 sequence Q9CS84-1. Secondary structure elements of LNS2SS2- are shown at the top and correspond to elements shown in A.
(C) Western blot for CLU and Cdc25C in PC3 cells after transfection with siSCR or siCLU followed by transfection with CLU or empty expression plasmid for additional 48h. Vinculin was used as loading control
Confocalmicroscopy with root elongation zones. Five‐day‐old Col‐0/PAT1‐GFP seedlings were treated with 1 μM flg22 on glass slides for 20 min (second panel) followed by treatment with 100 μg/ml cycloheximide for 60 min (bottom panel). The scale bar corresponds to 10 μm.
Hypocotyl lengths of Col, two cbf1 mutants (cbf1-1 and cbf1-2) and two CBF1-OE lines (CBF1-myc and CBF1-flag) grown under LD conditions at 22°C, 17°C or 4°C. Error bars represent SD from 10 seedlings. ***P < 0.001 (two-tailed t-test) for the indicated genotype compared with Col. NS, not significant.
(C) Correlation statistics for the localization of endogenous MITOL-3Flag with catalase. Dots indicate individual Pearson correlation coefficient data points. In the box-plots, the center lines show the medians, box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles as determined by the R software package, and whiskers extend 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles. Means and the number of samples are shown on the box and the X-axis, respectively. Statistical significance was calculated using a one-tailed Welch's t-test.
STAT1 phosphorylation in IFN-I-treated Vero cells infected with BTV-8 detected by (C) flow cytometry and (D) confocal microscopy (Scale bar = 30 µm). Means ± SD of P-STAT1 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in 3 experiments are shown.
WT or MARCO-/- C57BL/6 mice were inoculated s.c. in the rear feet with 5*104 PFU of CHIKV-E2-mCherry and the popliteal dLNs were collected at 2 hpi. (A) Frozen dLN sections were stained for Lyve-1+ LECs (white), MARCO (green), B220 (blue) and mCherry+ CHIKV particles (red). Scale bars: 200 μm.
E) GO term enrichment analysis for biological processes of the 20 most significantly up-regulated genes upon SARS-CoV-2 infected in bronchioalveolar-like cells. P-values were determined using PANTHER Overrepresentation Test.
SCE events per metaphase on B cells obtained from CD19+/Cre animals of the indicated genotypes, 72 h after being stimulated in vitro with LPS. **P 0.01, ***P 0.001.
(g) NIH3T3 vector and NIH3T3 vFLIP cells were treated with 2 μM rapamycin for 4 h and used for IP with anti-Atg3 antibody, followed by IB with anti-LC3 antibody. Finally, whole-cell lysates (WCLs) were used for IB with the indicated antibodies to show expression (a-g).
(D) Boxplots showing normalized TT-seq signal for nearest active promoters in the cell line in which enhancers are exclusively transcribed (from left to right: n=890; 500; 494; 214; 238; 239; 378; 62; 153; 879; 586; 173; 601; 232) compared to the same promoters in all other cell lines in which the respective enhancers are not transcribed. All pairwise comparisons are significantly different (P-values < 1e-9, two-sided Mann-Whitney U-test). Box limits are the first and third quartiles, the band inside the box is the median. The ends of the whiskers extend the box by 1.5 times the interquartile range. Notches represent 95% confidence intervals for the median values. Outliers not shown.
G, LDA (sphere forming) measuring the in vitro frequency of GSCs in cells derived from p3 tumors. *: 2 test, P=0.0006.
Dot plots showing the correlation between GLUT1 and YAP1 mRNA expression in the cancer cell line encyclopedia (CCLE, 967 lines). Pearson coefficient is 0.46 Dot plots showing the correlation between GLUT1 and AMOTL2 mRNA expression in the cancer cell line encyclopedia (CCLE, 967 lines). Pearson coefficient is 0.45
(F) Colony numbers in serial replating assay of indicated MLL-ENL transduced cells. Data are represented as mean ± SD.
Kaplan-Meier survival curves of wild-type (WT) an ), brc-1(tm1145) (B strains fed bacteria transformed with either empty-vector (con) or with vector expressing dsRNA against frh-1 or isp-1
Validation of AGO1x-PNPT1 interaction by reciprocal pulldown. Presence of AGO1x and Fibrillarin in PNPT1 immunoprecipitates. Three independent biological replicates were used, and the eluted proteins were analyzed by western blotting (D).
Mean litter sizes for different breeding schemes. The data depicted are based on n=12 (+/+X+/+), n=57 (+/-X+/-), n=11 (-/-X-/-), n=10 (-/-X+/+) and n=11 (+/+X-/-) different breedings, respectively.
I) Tumor volume measurements for 26 days in MCF7 injected NSG mice. CRISPR control and PYCR1 KO tumors with (n=8) and without treatment (n=5) are shown. Data represents mean ± SE. Pax: Paclitaxel, Dox: Doxorubicin. Groups were compared by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test for pairwise group comparisons. Corrected p-values are reported as follows *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. Shapiro Wilk test was used to check data normality and Bartlett test was used to examine homogeneity of variances.
(B) Phenotypes of affected individuals. Camptodactyly, absent flexion crease, and limited forearm supination were observed.
(C) Migration of miR-CTL, miR-195, and miR-195+ MICU1 (pLYS1-MICU1-Flag) transfected cells, towards serum gradient was examined and the number of cells per field was counted. The left panel shows representative images and the right panel depicts a graphical representation of relative migration compared to the control (miR-CTL).
Expression levels of indicated HR pathway genes in primary PCa vs normal patient samples. Violin plots represent FPKM normalized counts obtained from matched tumor and normal RNA-Seq data from TCGA (n=52) with p-values generated using paired t-tests
Distributions of log2 fold change in piRNA precursor abundance in ints-11 RNAi-treated nematodes compared to empty vector-treated nematodes in 5 replicates. Boxplots show the interquartile range with a line at the median; the whiskers extend to the greatest point no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range.
Double IF analysis of mTEC cultures at early stage of MCC differentiation and centriole amplification (ALI day 3) using antibodies for the deuterosome protein DEUP1 and the early centriole marker SAS‐6. Deuterosome numbers are decreased and deuterosome size enlarged in Ccno‐deficient MCCs as quantified in (C). Deuterosome‐dependent centriole biogenesis is severely reduced in Ccno‐deficient MCCs as shown by reduced staining for the early centriole marker SAS‐6.
Representative IF images showing the expressions of secretory cell marker CC10 and mTORC1 activation marker p-S6 in the airways of normal background (top) and BO (bottom) human lungs. CC10 (green), p-S6 (white), and DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 100μm.
C mRNA levels of the indicated genes in GB2, GB4 and GB16 cells infected with a lentivirus expressing an shRNA targeting SIRT2 were measured by qRT-PCR. The results were normalized with the values for GAPDH. Bars indicate mean ± s.d. (n = 3-4).
(B) Mitochondrial-rich fraction prepared from HeLa-GFP-Parkin cells treated with or without valinomycin and epoxomicin for 2 h, was incubated with various concentrations of trypsin (0-1000 µg/ml) for 30 min on ice. Protease protection was analyzed by western blotting using antibodies for mitochondrial marker proteins (Tom20 for OMM, Tim23 for intermembrane space, UQCRC1 and TFAM for mitochondrial matrix). Data are representative of five independent experiments
Number of mGFP positive preadipocytes isolated by FACS from each of the indicated white adipose depots from 5-6 month-old Wt1-creERT2, Tagln-cre, and Mx1-cre crossed to Rosa26mT/mG mice from the experiment shown in Figure 6B. Data are shown as mean ± SEM of 4-9 mice.
E Endothelin-1 was increased in mouse lung tissue after delivery of miR-210 mimic (N = 6/group), *P = 0.0368.
(D) Western blots of Ago2 in parental Mavs-/- MEFs stably expressing d2GFP and three Mavs-/- Ago2-/- clones generated by CRISPR/CAS9-mediated genome engineering. P97 served as loading control.
(H,I) Graph showing the average area over time of control cells (H, n=235 cells) and cells in βH-spectrin knock-down embryos (I) that constricted (yelow, n=274), of cells that showed impaired constriction (green, n=232) and of cells that expanded (blue, n=32). The lines indicate the mean value and the semi-transparent region the standard deviation.
The decoy antibody (ACE2-Fc) not only reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection but also decreases TNF-α secretion and ADAM-17 phosphorylation mediated by angiotensin II. Ang II: angiotensin II; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; CatB/L: cathepsin B and L; PPRs: pattern recognition receptors; AMP: amplifier; STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; ATIR: angiotensin II type I receptor; ADAM17: a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17; TMPRSS2: transmembrane Serine Protease 2.