EMBO/SourceData huggingface dataset:
Figure legend: "(a) Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells expressing hemagglutinin-tagged Nod1 (HA-Nod1 (red); top) or HA-Nod2 (red; bottom). Blue, DAPI."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Nod1: 10392
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "(b) Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells expressing Myc-tagged FL-ATG16L1 (Myc-FL-ATG16L1)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054"
Figure legend: "(c,d) Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells coexpressing HA-Nod1 (red; c) or HA-Nod2 (red; d) and Myc-FL-ATG16L1 (green). Blue, DAPI."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
Nod1: 10392
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "(e) Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells expressing a Flag-tagged truncated form of ATG16L1 (Flag-ΔN85-ATG16L1; green). Blue, DAPI."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054"
Figure legend: "(f) Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells coexpressing HA-Nod2 (red) and Flag-ΔN85-ATG16L1 (green). Blue, DAPI."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "(h,i) Immunoprecipitation (IP) and immunoblot (IB) analysis of HEK293 cells transfected with Flag-ΔN85-ATG16L1 (h) or Myc-FL-ATG16L1 (i), together with HA-Nod1, HA-Nod2 or HA-tagged enhanced GFP (EGFP-HA). Ig, immunoglobulin (loading control). Results are representative of one of at least three independent experiments (a-g) or one of three independent experiments (h,i)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
Nod1: 10392
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "Immunofluorescence microscopy of wild-type and RIP2-deficient MEFs expressing Flag-tagged ΔN85-ATG16L1 and HA-Nod1 (a) or HA-Nod2 (b). Scale bars, 10 μm. Area outlined at far left is enlarged at right. Data are representative one of two independent experiments."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 77040
Nod1: 107607
Nod2: 257632
RIP2: 192656"
Figure legend: "(a) Fluorescence microscopy of immortalized GFP-LC3-transduced lymphoblasts from donors homozygous for the normal ATG16L1*300T allele (300T) or risk allele ATG16L1*300A (300A), left unstimulated or treated for 2 h with rapamycin (50 μg/ml) or for 4 h with MDP (20 μg/ml). Green, GFP-LC3. Scale bar, 5 μm. (b) Induction of GFP-LC3 signals by rapamycin, MDP or Gram-positive peptidoglycan (PG+; 20 μg/ml) in cells treated as described in a, presented relative to GFP-LC3 signals in unstimulated control cells. *P 0.05 (t-test). Data represent three independent experiments (error bars (b), s.d.)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
LC3: 440738///81631///84557"
Figure legend: "(a) Immunofluorescence microscopy of HeLa cells transfected with HA-Nod2 (red) and Flag-ΔN85-ATG16L1(green) and infected for 10-20 min with S. flexneri M90T. Blue, DAPI. Arrows indicate colocalization of Nod2 and ATG16L1 around invading bacteria. Scale bars, 5 μm. Data are representative of one of three independent experiments."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "(a,b) Immunofluorescence microscopy of HeLa cells expressing Flag-ΔN85-ATG16L1 (green; a) or Myc-FL-ATG16L1 (green; b) and HA-tagged Nod2 L1007fsinsC (HA-Nod2, 1007fs). Area outlined at left is enlarged in other images."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "(c,d) Immunofluorescence microscopy of HeLa cells expressing Flag-ΔN85-ATG16L1 (c) or Myc-FL-ATG16L1 (d) together with HA-tagged Nod2fs (red). Blue, DAPI. Scale bar, 8 μm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 55054
Nod2: 64127"
Figure legend: "(e) Immunofluorescence microscopy of wild-type and Nod2fs-KI BMDMs transduced with GFP-LC3 (green) and infected for 0.5 h with S. flexneri M90T-RFP (red), followed by incubation for 1 h with gentamicin. Arrows indicate no colocalization of Nod2 with ΔN85-ATG16L1 or FL-ATG16L1. Scale bar, 15 μm. (f) Quantification of the colocalization of GFP-LC3 signals with S. flexneri M90T-RFP in experiments as described in e. Data are representative of one of three independent experiments (error bars (f), s.d.)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG16L1: 77040
LC3: 67443///66734
Nod2: 257632"
Figure legend: "(A) HEK293 cells stably expressing GFP-LC3 were transfected with control (upper) or Atg-5 siRNA (lower). After 36 h, α-synuclein fibrils were introduced into them for 4 h, followed by immunostaining with anti-phospho-α-synuclein antibody (P-αSyn). Blue, DAPI. Scale bar, 10 µm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Atg-5: 9474"
Figure legend: "(C) Clearance of α-synuclein inclusions in control (solid bar) or Atg-5 (open bar) knockdown cells was measured at 4 h and 24 h after α-synuclein fibrils. The number of phosphorylated α-synuclein-positive cells was assessed in randomly chosen fields (n = 5). Data from each experiment are were normalized to Cont-siRNA-4 h (100%) and represented as relative value of α-synuclein inclusions ± s.e.m. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA (post-hoc Tukey&apos;s test). *p&lt;0.01"
NCBI gene IDs:
"Atg-5: 9474"
Figure legend: "(A) HEK293 cells stably expressing GFP-LC3 were transfected with p62-siRNA (right panels) or control-siRNA (left panels). Phosphorylated α-synuclein-positive inclusions (P-αSyn) are indicated by arrowheads. In p62-knockdown cells, the expression and accumulation of p62 were not detected, and inclusions were never sequestrated by GFP-LC3 autophagosomes. Scale bars, 20 µm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"p62: 8878"
Figure legend: "(C) α-Synuclein fibrils were introduced into control (Cont) or p62-knockdown (p62) cells. Four hours after introduction, cell lysates were subjected to immunoblotting analysis using anti-LC3 (upper panel) or anti-actin (lower panel) antibodies. Quantification of the relative levels of LC3-II/Actin is shown with the ratio. Relative level of LC3-II/Actin was represented by mean ± s.d. as a graph. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA (post-hoc Tukey's test). *p&lt;0.01. This experiment was repeated three times."
NCBI gene IDs:
"p62: 8878"
Figure legend: "(D) Clearance of α-synuclein inclusions in control (solid bar) or p62 (open bar) knockdown cells was measured at 4 h and 24 h after α-synuclein fibrils. The number of phosphorylated α-synuclein-positive cells was assessed in randomly chosen fields (n = 5). Data from each experiment were normalized to Cont-siRNA-4 h (100%) and represented as relative value of α-synuclein inclusions ± s.e.m. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA (post-hoc Tukey&apos;s test). *p&lt;0.01."
NCBI gene IDs:
"p62: 8878"
Figure legend: "(A-C) qRT-PCR measurement of Ifnb1 transcripts in mouse peritoneal macrophages (A), THP1 cells (B) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells  (PBMC) (C) that were left unstimulated or stimulated with 2'3' cGAMP  (0.1μg/mL) for 4 h in the presence of DMSO or indicated concentrations of Palbociclib (0.1, 1, 10 μM). The data are presented as fold induction of Ifnb1/Gapdh transcripts. The data shown are mean±SEM of n=3 biological replicates. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test. *, P&lt;0.05; ****, P&lt;0.0001."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gapdh: 
Ifnb1: 15977
Ifnb1: 3456"
Figure legend: "(G-H)  qRT-PCR measurement of Il1b (G) and Il6 (H) transcripts in mouse peritoneal macrophages left unstimulated or stimulated with 2'3' cGAMP (0.1 μg/mL) in the presence of DMSO or Palbociclib (10 μM) for indicated times. The data shown are mean ± SEM of n=3 biological replicates. Statistical significance was determined by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. *, P&lt;0.05; ****, P&lt;0.0001 ; ns, not significant. (I-J) qRT-PCR  measurement of Il1b (I) and Il6 (J) transcripts in THP1 cells left unstimulated or stimulated with 2'3' cGAMP  (0.1μg/mL) in the presence of DMSO or Palbociclib (10 μM) for indicated times. The data shown are mean ± SEM of n=3 biological replicates. Statistical significance was determined by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. *, P&lt;0.05; ****, P&lt;0.0001 ; ns, not significant."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Il1b: 16176
Il1b: 3553
Il6: 16193
Il6: 3569"
Figure legend: "Immunoblotting of the streptavidin precipitates of the mixture of biotin (100 μM) or biotin-Palbociclib (100 μM) and the lysates of HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-STING (C) The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
STING: 340061"
Figure legend: "(G) Immunoblotting of the lysates and anti-Flag immunoprecipitates of HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-STING and HA-STING in the presence of DMSO and indicated concentrations of Palbociclib. The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
HA: 
STING: 340061"
Figure legend: "(J) Immunoblotting of the lysates and anti-Flag immunoprecipitates of HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-STEEP and HA-STING in the presence of DMSO or Palbociclib (10 μM). The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
HA: 
STEEP: 63932
STING: 340061"
Figure legend: "(K) Immunoblotting of the lysates and anti-Flag immunoprecipitates of HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-STING and HA-TBK1 in the presence of DMSO or indicated concentrations of Palbociclib. The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
HA: 
STING: 340061
TBK1: 29110"
Figure legend: "(C) Immunoblotting of the streptavidin precipitates of the mixture of biotin-Palbociclib (100 μM) and the lysates of HEK293T cells transfected with corresponding Flag-STING  mutants. The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
STING: 340061"
Figure legend: "(D) Immunoblotting of the lysates and anti-Flag immunoprecipitates of HEK293T cells transfected with HA-STING and Flag-STING or Flag-STING Y167A in the presence of DMSO and Palbociclib (10 μM). The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
HA: 
STING: 340061"
Figure legend: "(G) Immunoblotting of the lysates and anti-Flag immunoprecipitates of HEK293T cells transfected with HA-TBK1 and Flag-STING or Flag-STING Y167A. The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
HA: 
STING: 340061
TBK1: 29110"
Figure legend: "(H) Immunoblotting of the lysates and anti-Flag immunoprecipitates of HEK293T cells transfected with HA-STING and Flag-STING C91A in the presence of DMSO and Palbociclib (10 μM). The data shown are representative of n=3 biological replicates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
HA: 
STING: 340061"
Figure legend: "(G-I)  qRT-PCR measurement of transcripts of Ifnb1 (G), Il6 (H) and Il1b (I) in mouse colon tissues harvested from mice of indicated groups. The data shown are mean ± SEM of n=5 mice from 1 of 3 biological replicates with similar results. Each symbol indicates the value of 1 mouse from n = 5 mice per group. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons post-hoc test between all groups. *, P&lt;0.05; **, P&lt;0.01; ****, P&lt;0.0001; ns, not significant."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Ifnb1: 15977
Il1b: 16176
Il6: 16193"
Figure legend: "(G-I) qRT-PCR measurement of transcripts of Ifnb1(G), Cxcl10 (H) and Il6 (I) in mouse stomach tissues harvested from mice of indicated groups. The data shown are mean ± SEM of n=5 mice from 1 of 3 biological replicates with similar results. Each symbol indicates the value of 1 mouse from n = 5 mice per group. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons post-hoc test between all groups. *, P&lt;0.05; **, P&lt;0.01; ***, P&lt;0.001; ****, P&lt;0.0001; ns, not significant."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Cxcl10: 15945
Ifnb1: 15977
Il6: 16193"
Figure legend: "E Western blot analysis of PLPs transfected with control or ATG3 siRNA, with or without treatment of 1 mM H2O2. Each lane displayed a different transfected group.F Quantification analysis of ATG3, phosphorylated p53 (ser15), p53, and GAPDH in each group. (ATG3 in ATG3 siRNA; **p=0.0003 vs control group, pp53 in ATG3 siRNA/ H2O2; *p=0.0145 vs. H2O2 group)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ATG3: 64422"
Figure legend: "G Representative western blot analysis of phosphorylated p53, and Parkin in Parkin -/- mice compared to WT. Quantification analysis of phosphorylated p53 and Parkin (Parkin; **p=0.0001 vs. WT, pp53; *p=0.019 vs. WT, n=4)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Parkin: 50873"
Figure legend: "H ΔΨm and platelet apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry analysis in WT or WT_H2O2 and Parkin -/- or Parkin -/-_H2O2 mouse platelets. ΔΨm was detected using TMRM (WT_ H2O2; **p= 0.002 vs. WT group, Parkin-/-_ H2O2; **p= 1.61525E-06 vs. Parkin-/- group, n=3)I Apoptosis level was assessed with Annexin-V (PS externalization). Graph indicates the percentage of Annexin V positive cell in total cell population (Parkin-/- : *p=0.010 vs. WT group, Parkin-/-_ H2O2 ;**p= 0.008 vs. WT_ H2O2; group, Parkin-/-_ H2O2; **p=0.001 vs. Parkin-/- group, NS means no significance n=3)"
NCBI gene IDs:
"Parkin: 50873"
Figure legend: "J Western blot analysis in WT and Parkin -/- demonstrating the inability to induce LC3 despite the addition of H2O2. Shown graphically are the LC3II to LC3I ratios (WT_ H2O2;*p=0.028 vs. WT group, n=3)"
NCBI gene IDs:
"Parkin: 50873"
Figure legend: "A Representative western blot analysis of pp53 in WT (n=6), DM (n=6) and PINK1-/-DM mice (n=3). GAPDH served as the loading control (DM ; **p=0.006 vs. WT group, PINK1-/-DM; **p=0.004 vs. DM group)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"PINK1: 68943"
Figure legend: "B Measurement of p-selectin translocation to the cell membrane by flow cytometry analysis in WT (n=3), DM (n=3) and PINK1 -/- DM (n=3) miceplatelets. Graphs indicate mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in each group. (*p&lt;0.05 vs. WT or DM)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"PINK1: 68943"
Figure legend: "C Quantification of vessel occlusion time after carotid arterial flow measurement (WT and DM; and PINK1 -/- : **p&lt;0.01 vs. WT or DM)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"PINK1: 68943"
Figure legend: "D Plot of carotid arterial flow by Doppler flow probe after 2 min FeCl3 injury, indicative of occlusive thrombosis. Flow was plotted as percentage of baseline flow before injury (DM: n=3, PINK1-/- DM; n=3)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"PINK1: 68943"
Figure legend: "(M) average duration in movement in an open field as a function of time after treating  Gbeys/ys mice with vehicle (n=8) or 144DG11 (n=9) at 6 months of age (at onset). Data information: Two way ANOVA with repeated measures show that, throughout the period, treatment values were not different than vehicle (p&lt;0.15)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "(A) Left panel, Mice, treated as indicated, were sacrificed and the indicated tissues were collected and stained for PG (arrows) with  PAS following diastase treatment. Scale bars, 200 µm (liver, muscle), 50 µm (cortex, heart, peripheral nerve). Right panel, PAS staining  was quantified based on analysis of 4 sections from each tissue in n=3 wt, n=7 Gbeys/ys vehicle-treated, and n=9 144DG11-treated mice."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "(C) 144DG11  Pharmacokinetics. Gbeys/ys mice injected with 144DG1 were sacrificed 30, 60, 90, and 210 min post injection and the indicated tissues were removed, as well as 200 uL of serum drawn. Graph shows means (+/- SEM) of 144DG11 levels in the different tissues determined by  LC-MS/MS Results obtained from n = 3 mice at each  time point."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "A-F Mice were monitored over a 24 hr period. Effective  mass was calculated by ANCOVA Data are mean±SEM from nine month old mice  (n=11, wt vehicle-treated, n=6 Gbeys/ys vehicle-treated, and n=7 Gbeys/ys 144DG11-treated). Vehicle-treated Gbeys/ys mice  demonstrate lower respiratory quotient (in the  light) (A), total energy expenditure (TEE) (B), and  fat oxidation (C) compared to wt controls. 144DG11  treatment increased these parameters (for fat oxidation only in the dark  and total time). Carbohydrate oxidation and ambulatory activity, not significantly affected by the diseased state, were increased by  144DG11 even beyond wt control levels (D and E) (note, while 144DG11 increased carbohydrate oxidation in the light (D), p was only &lt;0.06). 144DG11 also reversed the decrease in meal size and water  sip volume observed in Gbeys/ys mice as compared to wt control (F). Data information: *p&lt;0.05 v wt controls, #p&lt;0.05 v Gbeys/ys vehicle treated mice. Statistical differences were determined by two-tailed t-tests."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "(G) Blood metabolic panel based on n=3, 9.5 month old mice treated as indicated. Blood glucose was increased and blood triglycerides decreased in Gbeys/ys cells by 144DG11 (p&lt;0.05)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "(B) Left panel, TEM images of liver tissue from vehicle or  144DG11-treated Gbeys/ys mice. High-magnification (right, scale bars=200 nm) and low-magnification (left, scale bars=1 µm) images show higher levels of  glycogen/polyglucosan in  lysosomes and cytosol, respectively. Right panel, quantification (+/- s.d) of lysosomal glycogen particles (n=3 biological replicates, *p&lt;0.03, two-tailed t-test). G, Glycogen/polyglucosan; L, Lysosomes; M, Mitochondria."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "(E)  LAMP1-KD and 144DG11 treatment cause  lysosomal acidification. Upper panel, flow cytometry results showing that 144DG11 slightly increased acidification (yellow to blue median fluorescence ratio (Y/B)) in control, GFP-transduced, APBD fibroblasts (Y/B(GFP/144DG11)&gt;Y/B(GFP), p&lt;0.12), but significantly acidified  LAMP1-KD, GFP-shLAMP1-transduced, APBD fibroblasts (Y/B(LAMP1-KD/144DG11)&gt;(Y/B(LAMP1-KD), p&lt;0.03). LAMP1-KD itself led to the most significant acidification (Y/B (LAMP1-KD)&gt;Y/B(GFP), p&lt;0.007). n=3, two-tailed t-tests. Middle panel Lysosensor staining of the corresponding cells. Yellow fluorescence intensity correlates with acidification. Lower panel, PAS  (glycogen)  staining  of the corresponding cells. Scale bars, 50 µm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LAMP1: 16783"
Figure legend: "(G) 144DG11  reduces  lysosomal  (LAMP1 positive) area in liver, but not muscle, of Gbeys/ys mice  (n=3 biological replicates, *p&lt;0.01, two-tailed t-test , SEM).Scale bars, 5 µm for liver (upper left panel), and 10 µm for muscle (lower left panel). Right panel shows quantification of the left panel."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gbe: 74185"
Figure legend: "B. NIH3T3 cells transfected with KV10.1 (red bars) showed markedly less cilia than control cells (empty vector, white bars). Subconfluent cultures grown in the presence of FCS were serum starved for 24 hours to induce ciliogenesis. Cilia were stained with anti acetylated α-tubulin antibody. To determine ciliary disassembly, cells were starved for 24 hours and then incubated for 4h in FCS to induce cell cycle re-entry and ciliary resorption."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 16510"
Figure legend: "C. Similarly, hTERT-RPE1 cells transfected with KV10.1 also showed less cilia. Ciliogenesis and ciliary disassembly were induced as in B and cilia were stained using anti acetylated α-tubulin and quantified as in A. The Inset shows the equivalent experiment using the structurally related potassium channel KV10.2, which did not alter the frequency of expression of cilia.D. Examples of fields of view of hTERT-RPE1 cells transfected with KV10.1, serum starved for 24 hours and cilia were revealed with anti Arl13B antibody (arrows). A majority of control-transfected cells showed cilia, while KV10.1 transfected did not. Scale bar: 10µm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756
KV10.2: 27133"
Figure legend: "A. Representative images showing hTERT-RPE1 grown in the presence of serum and stained with anti acetylated α-tubulin antibody. There were more ciliated cells after treatment with siRNA against KV10.1 (KV10.1 KD), as compared to scrambled siRNA-transfected cells, which were devoid of cilia (control). Scale bar: 10 µm.B. Quantification of the effect depicted in A for the number of images indicated at the base of the columns."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"
Figure legend: "C. Time course of ciliary disassembly. hTERT-RPE1 cells were serum starved for 24 hours, fixed at the times indicated after serum reintroduction, and stained with anti acetylated α-tubulin to reveal cilia. While in the presence of scrambled siRNA the abundance of cilia decreased rapidly (black line), it remained virtually unchanged in cells where KV10.1 was knocked down (red). N=8-13.D. Time course of ciliary shortening after serum reintroduction. In the same experiments as in C, the length of the remaining cilia was measured automatically using ImageJ (FIJI). While ciliary length decreased with a similar time course in the siRNA-treated cells as in controls, cilia were longer in KV10.1-knockdown cells. A re-elongation of cilia was evident in both populations after 6 hours. Values are mean ± SEM for a number of cilia between 62 (control, 4.5 h) and 308 (both groups, 1.5 h)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"
Figure legend: "A. Quantification of the amount of ciliated cells in primary embryonic fibroblasts from KV10.1 knockout mice. Actively growing cultures, cultures after 24 h serum starvation, and four hours after subsequent serum reintroduction were stained for the presence of cilia using anti-acetylated α-tubulin. An increase in frequency of cilia in the knockout cells was evident under all conditions, but especially marked in the ciliary resorption test (4h after serum reintroduction), indicating an influence of KV10.1 expression on deciliation."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 16510"
Figure legend: "B. Exogenous expression of human KV10.1 reverted the phenotype in MEFs. Cells obtained from three animals were transfected with KV10.1 or empty vector (mock), serum starved for 48 h and cilia were revealed by immunocytochemistry using anti-acetylated α-tubulin in the indicated number of images. KV10.1 expression decreased the frequency of ciliated cells."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"
Figure legend: "C. MEFs from knockout mice did not show primary cilia when transfected with KV10.1. Cells were co-transfected with human KV10.1 and mVenus, serum starved for 48 hours and then fixed and stained for cilia (AcTub). Venus-positive cells did not show cilia. Scale bar: 25 µm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"
Figure legend: "D. In wild type MEFs, transfection with KV10.1 reduced the presence of primary cilia. When a gain-of-function mutant (L352V) that originates developmental defects in human patients was transfected, the frequency of cells with cilia was further reduced."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"
Figure legend: "E. Sensitivity to SHH signaling was significantly increased in primary fibroblasts from KV10.1 knockout mice, in agreement with the higher abundance of primary cilia. Cells were serum starved and SHH was stimulated after 24 hours by addition of culture supernatant of SHH-expressing HEK293 cells. Expression of mRNA for Gli1 was used as reporter of SHH activation by qRT-PCR."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Gli1: 14632
KV10.1: 16510"
Figure legend: "A. Actively proliferating hTERT-RPE1 cells were transfected with scrambled or KV10.1 siRNA, and cell cycle distribution was determined using acridine orange staining. Knockdown of KV10.1 induces an increase in cells with DNA/RNA content compatible with G0 (rectangle). However, the quantitative increase (to approximately 10%) was insufficient to explain the abundance of ciliated cells (over 40%)"
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"
Figure legend: "B. The proliferation marker Ki67 frequently coexists with primary cilia in KV10.1 knockdown cells. Exponentially growing cells were stained for acetylated α-tubulin (red, AvTub) and Ki67 (green). Nuclei were counterstained with Draq5 (blue). Scale bar: 10 µm.C. Quantification of the effects observed in B. Although the positivity for Ki67 (proliferating cells) and the presence of cilia were not always excluding each other even in cells transfected with control siRNA, KV10.1 knockdown increased the frequency of ciliated cells, while it reduced the amount of Ki67 positive, actively proliferating cells. Of those cells presenting a cilium, the fraction of simultaneously Ki-67-positive cells was much larger upon KV10.1 knockdown. Scale bar, 10 µm."
NCBI gene IDs:
"KV10.1: 3756"