EMBO/SourceData huggingface dataset:
Figure legend: "E. Knockdown of LRP6 reduced the expression of YAP target genes. Quantitative real-time PCR assay measuring the expression of CTGF, ANKRD1, INHBA, and LRP6 mRNA in GFP and LRP6 siRNA-transfected HEK293T cells was performed. Quantification of CTGF, ANKRD1, INHBA, and LRP6 mRNA was normalized against the level of β-actin. Error bars indicate standard deviation of technical triplicate measurements. *P &lt; 0.05, **P &lt; 0.01 and ***P &lt; 0.001. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
β-actin: 
ANKRD1: 27063
CTGF: 1490
INHBA: 3624
LRP6: 4040
YAP: 10413"
Figure legend: "F. Knockdown of LRP6 reduced the interaction between YAP and TEAD. HEK293T cells were transfected with EGFP-YAP, Myc-TEAD4 and siRNA for LRP6. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-Myc antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
Myc: 
LRP6: 4040
TEAD4: 7004
YAP: 10413"
Figure legend: "G. Overexpression of LRP6 rescued the reduced YAP reporter activity under serum starvation conditions. HEK293T cells were transfected with an empty vector (-) or VSVG-LRP6, and with pRL-TK and 8XGTIIC luciferase reporter constructs. One day after transfection, cells were incubated in serum-free medium for 4 h and luciferase activity was measured. Error bars indicate standard deviation of biological triplicate measurements. ***P &lt; 0.001. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis."
NCBI gene IDs:
"8XGTIIC: 
luciferase: 
TK: 
VSVG: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "H. Knockdown of LRP6 induced cytoplasmic localization of YAP. HEK293A cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP or LRP6 and immunofluorescence analysis was performed. Figure shows representative image of multiple areas. DAPI was used for nucleus staining. Scale bars: 10 μm. Quantification of nuclear YAP is shown in the right panel. Quantification was performed by counting cells that have nuclear-localized YAP per image (n=8). Error bars indicate standard deviation. ***P &lt; 0.001. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "I. Overexpression of LRP6 induced nuclear localization of YAP under starvation conditions. HEK293A cells were transfected with LRP6-EGFP and 1 d after transfected cells were incubated with or without serum-containing medium for 4 h, and immunofluorescence analysis was performed. Figure shows representative image of multiple areas. DAPI was used for nucleus staining. Scale bars: 10μm. Quantification of nuclear YAP is shown in the right panel. Quantification was performed by counting cells that have nuclear localized YAP per image (n=6). Error bars indicate standard deviation. *P &lt; 0.05. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "A. Knockdown of LRP6 activated LATS1. HEK293T cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP and LRP6. After transfection, cells were lysed and the cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "B. Overexpression of LRP6 reduced the amount of the active form of LATS1 that was induced by serum starvation. HEK293T cells were transfected with empty vector (-) or VSVG-LRP6. 1 d after transfection, cells were incubated in serum-free medium for 4 h. After incubation, cells were lysed, and the cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting."
NCBI gene IDs:
"VSVG: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "C. Merlin and LATS1/2 were necessary for the LRP6-knockdown-mediated YAP phosphorylation. HEK293T cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP, LRP6, Merlin, and LATS1/2. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LATS1: 9113
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "D. Merlin and LATS1/2 were necessary for the LRP6-knockdown-mediated decrease of YAP reporter activity. HEK293T cells were seeded and transfected with siRNA for GFP, LRP6, Merlin and LATS1/2. After 1 d, these cells were transfected again with pRL-TK and 8XGTIIC luciferase reporter constructs. One day after transfection, cells were lysed and luciferase activity was measured. Error bars indicate standard deviation of biological triplicate measurements. **P&lt; 0.01 and N.S: Non-significant. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis."
NCBI gene IDs:
"8XGTIIC: 
GFP: 
luciferase: 
TK: 
LATS1: 9113
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "E. Merlin and LATS1/2 were necessary for the LRP6 knockdown-mediated-cytoplasmic localization of YAP. HEK293A cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP, LRP6, Merlin, and LATS1/2, and immunofluorescence analysis was performed. The figure shows representative images of multiple areas. DAPI was used for nucleus staining. Scale bars: 10 μm. Quantification of cells that have nuclear YAP is shown in Fig EV3B."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LATS1: 9113
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "F. YAP phosphorylation by loss of LRP6 was dependent on the interaction between Merlin and LATS1/2. HEK293T cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP, LRP6, and Merlin, and after 1 d were transfected again with HA-Merlin and HA-Merlin∆FERM. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting. The arrow indicates endogenous Merlin and HA-Merlin, and the arrowhead indicates HA-Merlin∆FERM."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
HA: 
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "G. MST1/2 were necessary for the LRP6-knockdown-mediated activation of LATS1/2. HEK293T cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP, LRP6 and MST1/2. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LRP6: 4040
MST1: 4485"
Figure legend: "H. MAP4K4/6/7 were necessary for the LRP6 knockdown mediated activation of LATS1/2. HEK293T cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP, LRP6, and MAP4K4/6/7. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LRP6: 4040
MAP4K4: 9448"
Figure legend: "A. The interaction between overexpressed Merlin and LRP6 was reduced under serum starvation condition. HEK293T cells were transfected with Flag-Merlin and LRP6-EGFP. After transfection, cells were incubated in serum-free medium for overnight with Bafilomycin A1 (20 nM). The cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-EGFP antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
Flag: 
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "D. The interaction between overexpressed Merlin and LATS1 was increased under serum starvation. HEK293T cells were transfected with Myc-LATS1 and EGFP-Merlin. After transfection, cells were incubated in serum-free medium for overnight and then were lysed. The cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-EGFP antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
Myc: 
LATS1: 9113
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "E. Knockdown of LRP6 enhanced the interaction between overexpressed Merlin and LATS1. HEK293T cells were transfected with Myc-LATS1, EGFP-Merlin and LRP6 siRNA. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-EGFP antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
Myc: 
LATS1: 9113
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "F. Knockdown of LRP6 enhances the interaction between endogenous Merlin and LATS1. HEK293T cells were transfected with siRNA for GFP or LRP6. After transfection, cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-Merlin antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"GFP: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "B. LRP6 is O-GlcNAcylated. LRP6-EGFP-transfected HEK293T cells were treated in Thiamet G (30 μM) or OSMI-1 (50 μM) for 6 h with Bafiolmycin A1 (100nM). After treatment, cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-EGFP antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "E. The O-GlcNAcylation on LRP6 was reduced under serum starvation condition. HEK293T cells were transfected with LRP6-EGFP. Cells were incubated in serum-free medium with Bafilomycin A1 (100 nM) for 4 h. After incubation, cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-EGFP antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates. The ratio of O-GlcNAc/EGFP from three independent immunoblots was quantified (biological replicates, bottom panel). *P &lt; 0.05. Error bars indicate standard deviation of biological triplicate measurements. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
LRP6: 4040"
Figure legend: "F. Increase of O-GlcNAcylation enhanced the interaction between ectopically expressed LRP6 and Merlin. LRP6-EGFP and Flag-Merlin transfected HEK293T cells were incubated in serum-free medium with Bafilomycin A1 (20 nM) and Thiamet G (30μM) overnight. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-EGFP antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"EGFP: 
Flag: 
LRP6: 4040
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "G. Enhancement of global O-GlcNAcylation blocked the serum starvation-mediated increase of interaction between overexpressed LATS1 and Merlin. HEK293T cells were transfected with Myc-LATS1 and Flag-Merlin. After transfection, cells were incubated in serum-free medium with Thiamet G (30μM) and Bafilomycin A1 (20nM) overnight. Cells were lysed and the cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-Myc antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting. WCL, whole-cell lysates."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Flag: 
Myc: 
LATS1: 9113
Merlin: 4771"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR for INHBA relative to RPL27 using RNA from SCC13 cells transduced with a lentiviral vector allowing expression of INHBA in a doxycycline (DOX)-inducible manner (SCC13 Act clone 1 and 2) or empty vector (EV) (N=3). SCC13 Act and EV cell lines were generated from lentivirally transduced cells upon single cell clonal expansion."
NCBI gene IDs:
"INHBA: 3624
Act: 3624
RPL27: 6155"
Figure legend: "Western blot of cell lysate and conditioned media (CM; bottom) of transduced SCC13 cells for the activin βA subunit and GAPDH (loading control for cell lysate) under reducing conditions. The higher molecular weight of recombinant activin βA results from the HA-epitope tag. Ponceau S staining of the membrane was used as a loading control for the CM."
NCBI gene IDs:
"activin βA: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative pictures of 5 week-old tumors (indicated by arrows) formed in NOD/SCID mice upon intradermal injection of SCC13 Act (clone 2) or SCC13 EV cells and tumor volume at different time points of tumor development. N=3-6 tumors."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative images of H&amp;E stainings of tumors formed by SCC13 EV and Act cells (clone 2) at day 35 (asterisk indicates cartilage, arrow indicates site of invasion). An inset panel indicates the area where tumor cells invade into the cartilage. Tumor sections were evaluated for invasion through the basement membrane. N=6 (EV), N=6 Act (3 tumors from clone 1 and 3 tumors from clone 2). Tumors from Act mice were pooled in the graph)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative images of sections from tumors formed by SCC13 EV and SCC13 Act (clone 2) stained for Ki67 (red), PDGFR-α (green) and counterstained with Hoechst (blue). Quantification of Ki67/PDGFR-α positive cells is shown in the graph. N=3 tumors, n=3-4 histological sections."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative images of sections from 3D cultures of primary human skin fibroblasts with either SCC13 EV or SCC13 Act (clones 1 and 2) cells stained with either H&amp;E or Herovici."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Quantification of Ki67-positive cells in sections from SCC13 EV and SCC13 Act (clone 2) organotypic cultures (co-stained with E-cadherin to indicate epithelial cells). N=3 independent cultures, n=3 histological sections."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative images of sections from SCC13 EV and SCC13 Act (clone 2) organotypic cultures stained for K14 (red) and collagen IV (green) combined with Hoechst staining (blue) and quantification of the K14-positive area below the basement membrane (BM). N=3 independent cultures, n=4 histological sections. The area indicated with a white rectangle in the left picture is shown at higher magnification in the right picture."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses of ACTA2/αSMA expression using total RNA/lysates of fibroblasts treated with activin A or TGF-β1 for 6 h. N=3. The membrane was re-probed with GAPDH and mDia2 antibodies."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ACTA2: 11475"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR analysis of CAF marker genes relative to Rps29 using RNA from fibroblasts treated with activin A for 6 h. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Rps29: 6235"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR for INHBA relative to RPL27 using RNA from primary human fibroblasts transduced with a lentiviral vector allowing expression of INHBA in an inducible manner after treatment with DOX for 24 h (Fb Act, clones 1 and 2) or with empty vector (Fb EV) (N=3). Fb Act and Fb EV cultures were generated from lentivirally-transduced cells upon clonal expansion of resistant single cells."
NCBI gene IDs:
"INHBA: 3624
Act: 3624
RPL27: 6155"
Figure legend: "Chemotactic migration of SCC13 cells for 24 h in a transwell assay containing CM from Fb Act (clone 2) or Fb EV. N=4. Migration in one control culture was set to 1."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Relative colony area of SCC13 cells upon culture in CM from Fb Act (clone 2) or EV. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative immunofluorescence images of de-cellularized matrix from Fb Act (clone 2) and Fb EV stained for fibronectin or collagen I."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Relative colony area of SCC13 cells plated on either de-cellularized matrix from Fb Act (clone 2) or Fb EV. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Migration of SCC13 cells plated on either de-cellularized matrix from Fb Act (clone 2) or Fb EV. N=6. The experimental setup is shown schematically above the graph."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Fb Act (clone 2) or Fb EV cells were cultured together in 2D with SCC13 cells. After 7 day of culture SCC13 cells were identified by K14 and the number of K14-positive colony area was quantified. N=6."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Quantification of SCC13 tumor spheroid area in single hanging drop including CM from Fb EV or Fb Act (clone 2) (including 1% FBS), DMEM/1% FBS, or DMEM/1% FBS plus 20 ng/mL recombinant activin A. The area of the spheroid formed in one Fb EV sample was set to 1. N=9-10 hanging drops."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative images and quantification of K14-stained areas from 3D cultures of SCC13 cells seeded on top of either Fb Act (clone 2) or Fb EV. N=3 independent cultures, n=3 histological sections."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative pictures of tumors formed in NOD/SCID mice 6-7 weeks after intradermal injection of SCC13 cells with Fb Act (clone 2) or Fb EV. Tumor volume at different time points of tumor development (6-7 weeks after injection). N=5 tumors per group."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "mDia2 (Diap3) expression quantified by RNA sequencing of fibroblasts isolated from ear skin. N=3 pools of 3-6 mice."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Diap3: 56419
mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "Primary mouse fibroblasts were treated with activin A or TGF-β1 or vehicle for 6h and analyzed by qRT-PCR (N=3) and Western blot for mDia2 (Diap3) and mDia2 expression, respectively. The GAPDH loading control is identical to the one in Fig 2C, since the same membrane was probed for mDia2, αSMA and GAPDH."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "Immortalized mouse fibroblasts were transduced with a lentivirus expressing a DOX-inducible dominant-negative ActRIB mutant (dnActRIB) or an empty lentivirus (EV), treated with activin A for 2.5 h and analyzed by Western blot for mDia2 and GAPDH."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ActRIB: 11479"
Figure legend: "Representative sections of ear skin tumors formed by SCC13 EV or SCC13 Act cells (clone 2) stained for mDia2 or K14 (green) (top), mDia2 (green) or MECA32/LYVE1 (red, bottom) and counterstained with Hoechst (blue)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR for mDia2/DIAPH3 relative to RPL27 using RNA from normal human skin (N=11), SCCs (N=9) and BCCs (N=7)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"DIAPH3: 81624
mDia2: 81624
RPL27: 6155"
Figure legend: "Expression levels of mDia2/DIAPH3 in tumor and normal tissues based on TCGA cancer data (TCGA data version 20141017, http://firebrowse.org/). Gene expression levels were presented as normalized log2 RSEM (RNA-Seq by Expectation-Maximization) index from the database. BLCA: Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (N = 408 &amp; 19 tumor and normal tissue samples, respectively), BRCA: Breast Invasive Carcinoma (N = 1100 &amp; 112), CESC: Cervical SCC (N = 306 &amp; 3), ESCA: Esophageal SCC (N = 185 &amp; 11), HNSC: Head-Neck SCC (N = 522 &amp; 44), LIHC: Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (N = 373 &amp; 47), LUSC: Lung SCC (N = 501 &amp; 51), PAAD: Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (N = 179 &amp; 4), PRAD: Prostate Adenocarcinoma (N = 496 &amp; 50), READ: Rectum Adenocarcinoma (N = 167 &amp; 10), STES: Stomach and Esophageal Carcinoma (N = 600 &amp; 46), UCEC: Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (N = 546 &amp; 35). Box plot shows relative mDia2/DIAPH3 expression in human tumor (red) and normal (blue) tissue. Boxes indicate the interquartile range, whiskers indicate data points within 1.5 times interquartile range, dots outside the whiskers indicate outliers, and the central line indicates median."
NCBI gene IDs:
"DIAPH3: 81624
mDia2: 81624"
Figure legend: "Relative gene expression of mDia2/DIAPH3 and INHBA in the stroma of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, breast and colorectal cancers vs. stroma of respective normal tissues based on datasets GSE45001 (D) (N = 10 normal tissue &amp; 10 cancer samples, GSE9014 (E) (N = 4 &amp; 13), and GSE35602 (F) (N = 6 &amp; 53), and in CAFs from breast cancer samples vs. normal breast fibroblasts (GSE29270 dataset) (G) (N = 5 &amp; 23). NS: Normal stroma, CS: Cancer stroma, NF: Normal fibroblasts, CAF: Cancer-associated fibroblasts). The expression values of the datasets were obtained using GEO2R tool in the GEO database."
NCBI gene IDs:
"DIAPH3: 81624
mDia2: 81624
INHBA: 3624"
Figure legend: "Immortalized mouse fibroblasts were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing different mDia2-targeting shRNAs (shmDia2 #1-3) or empty vector (sh-EV). The knock-down was confirmed by qRT-PCR (N=3), Western blot and immunofluorescence."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "Ki67 staining of mDia2 knock-down and control mouse fibroblasts. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "migration in scratch assays of mDia2 knock-down and control mouse fibroblasts. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR for mDia1, mDia3, Fmn1 and Fmn2 and several CAF genes relative to Rps29 using RNA from control (sh-EV) and mDia2 knock-down (sh-mDia2) fibroblasts. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia1: 13367
mDia2: 56419
mDia3: 56419
Fmn1: 14260
Fmn2: 54418
Rps29: 20090"
Figure legend: "Representative images of mDia2 knockdown and control mouse fibroblasts stained for p53 (left), and quantification of cells showing accumulation of p53 in the nucleus (right). N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "Representative Western blots for p53, vinculin and histone H1 using nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions and total lysate of mDia2 knock-down (F) or activin A-treated fibroblasts (6h, 20 ng/ml) (G) and control mouse fibroblasts and quantification of the nuclear p53/histone H1 ratio. Vinculin and histone H1 were used as loading controls for the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, respectively. N=6."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "Representative Western blots for p53, mDia2 and GAPDH using total lysates of mDia2 knock-down and control mouse fibroblasts treated for 24 h with pifithrin-α (PFT-α) (15 μM)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "Representative p53 immunofluorescence images of mDia2 knock-down mouse fibroblasts treated with PFT-α or vehicle (DMSO) (top) and quantification of cells showing accumulation of p53 in the nucleus (bottom). N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419"
Figure legend: "qRT-PCR for mDia2, Postn, Mmp13, Fn1, Spp1 and Acta2 relative to Rps29 using RNA from mDia2 knock-down and control fibroblasts treated with PFT-α or vehicle. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Acta2: 11475
mDia2: 56419
Fn1: 14268
Mmp13: 17386
Postn: 50706
Rps29: 20090
Spp1: 20750"
Figure legend: "Colony size of SCC13 Act cells (clone 2) after co-culture with either immortalized mDia2 knockdown (sh-mDia2) or control (sh-EV) mouse fibroblasts. N=4."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419
Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative pictures of 5-week-old tumors formed upon intradermal co-injection of SCC13 Act cells (clone 2) with sh-EV or sh-mDia2 knock-down immortalized mouse fibroblasts. Graph shows tumor volume at different timepoints of tumor development. N=3-5 tumors per group."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419
Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative immunofluorescence images of sections from ear skin tumors formed by SCC13 Act (clone 2) co-injected with sh-EV or sh-mDia2 fibroblasts, stained for E-cadherin (green) and periostin or p53 (red), counterstained with Hoechst (blue)."
NCBI gene IDs:
"mDia2: 56419
Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Tumor volume at different time points after co-injection of SCC13 cells with EV or dnActRIB fibroblasts. N=5 tumors."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ActRIB: 11479"
Figure legend: "Representative immunofluorescence images of sections from ear skin tumors formed by SCC13 cells co-injected with EV or dnActRIB fibroblasts stained for K14 (left) or PDGFRα (right) (green) and mDia2 (red), counterstained with Hoechst (blue). Bar graph shows the percentage of mDia2-positive area. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"ActRIB: 11479"
Figure legend: "SCC13 EV or SCC13 Fst cells were injected into the ear skin of NOD/SCID mice and tumor weight was determined 12 weeks after injection. N=9-10 tumors."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Fst: 14313"
Figure legend: "Representative immunofluorescence images of sections from ear skin tumors formed by SCC13 EV or SSC13 Fst cells stained for K14 or mDia2 (red), counterstained with Hoechst (blue). Bar graph shows the percentage of mDia2-positive area. N=3."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Fst: 14313"
Figure legend: "Tumors formed by SCC13 Act cells were treated ex vivo for 6h with follistatin (FST) (50 ng/ml) and/or SMIFH2 (10 μM), or with activin A (20 ng/ml) and stained for Ki67. N=3 tumor explants, n=4 histological sections."
NCBI gene IDs:
"Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Representative images of spheroids formed by SCC13 Act cells labeled with PKH67 (green) with primary human fibroblasts embedded in collagen gels and graph showing increase in the spheroid area between day 0 and day 3. Spheroids were either treated with FST (50 ng/ml) or SMIFH2 (10 μM) or left untreated. N=6-8 tumor spheroids."
NCBI gene IDs:
"FST: 10468
Act: 3624"
Figure legend: "Mutations in epg-7 cause defective degradation of SQST-1 aggregates. (A and B) In wild-type embryos, SQST-1::GFP is weakly expressed and diffusely localized in the cytoplasm. (A) DIC image of the embryo shown in B. (C) Elevated expression level and accumulation of many SQST-1::GFP aggregates in epg-7 mutant embryos."
NCBI gene IDs:
"epg-7: 180996"
Figure legend: "(D) Compared with wild type and epg-2 mutants, levels of SQST-1 are dramatically elevated in atg-3 and epg-7 mutant embryos in an immunoblotting assay."
NCBI gene IDs:
"atg-3: 176921
epg-2: 171787
epg-7: 180996"
Figure legend: "(E-G) Compared with wild-type embryos (E and F), endogenous SQST-1 shows dramatically elevated levels and accumulates into a large number of aggregates in epg-7 mutant embryos (G). ∼200-cell stage embryos are shown in E-G. (E) DAPI image of the embryo shown in F."
NCBI gene IDs:
"epg-7: 180996"
Figure legend: "(H) Number of SQST-1 aggregates per focal plane in wild type, atg-3 mutants, and epg-7 mutants."
NCBI gene IDs:
"atg-3: 176921
epg-7: 180996"