Claim: Tokyo lost the bid to Rome, Italy in the 1968 Summer Olympics, then Nagoya, Aichi lost to Seoul, South Korea in the 1988 Summer Olympics.
Evidence: The 1968 Summer Olympics (Spanish: Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held from 12 to 27 October 1968 in Mexico City, Mexico. 
On 18 October 1963, at the 60th IOC Session in Baden-Baden, West Germany, Mexico City finished ahead of bids from Detroit, Buenos Aires and Lyon to host the Games.