Claim: Tokyo lost the bid to Rome, Italy in the 1960 Summer Olympics (officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad), then Nagoya, Aichi lost to Seoul, South Korea in the 1988 Summer Olympics.
Evidence: On June 15, 1955, at the 50th IOC Session in Paris, France, Rome won the rights to host the 1960 Games, having beaten Brussels, Mexico City, Tokyo, Detroit, Budapest and finally Lausanne. The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad (Italian: Giochi della XVII Olimpiade), were an international multi-sport event held from 25 August to 11 September 1960 in Rome, Italy. Seoul was chosen to host the Summer Games through a vote held on 30 September 1981, finishing ahead of Nagoya, Japan. Located on the Pacific coast on central Honshu, it is the capital of Aichi Prefecture and is one of Japan's major ports along with those of Tokyo, Osaka, Kobe, Yokohama, and Chiba. Seoul, South Korea