CVE-2024-56541
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: ath12k: fix use-after-free in ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup()

During ath12k module removal, in ath12k_core_deinit(),
ath12k_mac_destroy() un-registers ah->hw from mac80211 and frees
the ah->hw as well as all the ar's in it. After this
ath12k_core_soc_destroy()-> ath12k_dp_free()-> ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup()
tries to access one of the freed ar's from pending skb.

This is because during mac destroy, driver failed to flush few
data packets, which were accessed later in ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup()
and freed, but using ar from the packet led to this use-after-free.

BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup.part.0+0x5e2/0xd40 [ath12k]
Write of size 4 at addr ffff888150bd3514 by task modprobe/8926
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 8926 Comm: modprobe Not tainted
6.11.0-rc2-wt-ath+ #1746
Hardware name: Intel(R) Client Systems NUC8i7HVK/NUC8i7HVB, BIOS
HNKBLi70.86A.0067.2021.0528.1339 05/28/2021

Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  dump_stack_lvl+0x7d/0xe0
  print_address_description.constprop.0+0x33/0x3a0
  print_report+0xb5/0x260
  ? kasan_addr_to_slab+0x24/0x80
  kasan_report+0xd8/0x110
  ? ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup.part.0+0x5e2/0xd40 [ath12k]
  ? ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup.part.0+0x5e2/0xd40 [ath12k]
  kasan_check_range+0xf3/0x1a0
  __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20
  ath12k_dp_cc_cleanup.part.0+0x5e2/0xd40 [ath12k]
  ath12k_dp_free+0x178/0x420 [ath12k]
  ath12k_core_stop+0x176/0x200 [ath12k]
  ath12k_core_deinit+0x13f/0x210 [ath12k]
  ath12k_pci_remove+0xad/0x1c0 [ath12k]
  pci_device_remove+0x9b/0x1b0
  device_remove+0xbf/0x150
  device_release_driver_internal+0x3c3/0x580
  ? __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x20
  driver_detach+0xc4/0x190
  bus_remove_driver+0x130/0x2a0
  driver_unregister+0x68/0x90
  pci_unregister_driver+0x24/0x240
  ? find_module_all+0x13e/0x1e0
  ath12k_pci_exit+0x10/0x20 [ath12k]
  __do_sys_delete_module+0x32c/0x580
  ? module_flags+0x2f0/0x2f0
  ? kmem_cache_free+0xf0/0x410
  ? __fput+0x56f/0xab0
  ? __fput+0x56f/0xab0
  ? debug_smp_processor_id+0x17/0x20
  __x64_sys_delete_module+0x4f/0x70
  x64_sys_call+0x522/0x9f0
  do_syscall_64+0x64/0x130
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
RIP: 0033:0x7f8182c6ac8b

Commit 24de1b7b231c ("wifi: ath12k: fix flush failure in recovery
scenarios") added the change to decrement the pending packets count
in case of recovery which make sense as ah->hw as well all
ar's in it are intact during recovery, but during core deinit there
is no use in decrementing packets count or waking up the empty waitq
as the module is going to be removed also ar's from pending skb's
can't be used and the packets should just be released back.

To fix this, avoid accessing ar from skb->cb when driver is being
unregistered.

Tested-on: QCN9274 hw2.0 PCI WLAN.WBE.1.1.1-00214-QCAHKSWPL_SILICONZ-1
Tested-on: WCN7850 hw2.0 PCI WLAN.HMT.1.0.c5-00481-QCAHMTSWPL_V1.0_V2.0_SILICONZ-3
CVSS v3.1 Score: 7.8 (HIGH)
CVSS v3.1 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Affected Products: linux_kernel
Related CWEs: CWE-416
References: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/35be5018a2a4d1b07bdfcf957c81121d22d16355, https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bdb281103373fd80eb5c91cede1e115ba270b4e9, https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e5e15c8b42923bfb6c84d3d906a9965d9a0f111d
CWE: CWE-416