Druvith/medqa1 huggingface dataset:
Question:  What are the symptoms of Anterior polar cataract 2 ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Anterior polar cataract 2? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Anterior polar cataract 2. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Anterior polar cataract - Autosomal dominant inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What are the symptoms of Hypochromic microcytic anemia with iron overload ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Hypochromic microcytic anemia with iron overload? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Hypochromic microcytic anemia with iron overload. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis - Abnormality of the liver - Anemia - Autosomal recessive inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What is (are) Muscle eye brain disease ?
Answer: Muscle eye brain disease is a rare form of congenital muscular dystrophy. Individuals with this condition are born with muscle weakness (hypotonia), severe nearsightedness (myopia), glaucoma, and brain abnormalities. They also have developmental delay and intellectual disability. People with muscle eye brain disease frequently have additional eye abnormalities, hydrocephalus, and distinctive facial features. This condition is caused by mutations in gene a called POMGNT1, and it is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The signs and symptoms of this condition vary among affected individuals, even among members of the same family.
Question:  What are the symptoms of Muscle eye brain disease ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Muscle eye brain disease? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Muscle eye brain disease. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Cognitive impairment 90% EEG abnormality 90% EMG abnormality 90% Gait disturbance 90% Glaucoma 90% Hydrocephalus 90% Myopathy 90% Myopia 90% Neurological speech impairment 90% Optic atrophy 90% Strabismus 90% Visual impairment 90% Abnormality of the voice 50% Cataract 50% Hypertonia 50% Muscular hypotonia 50% Seizures 50% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the cerebellum 7.5% Hemiplegia/hemiparesis 7.5% Holoprosencephaly 7.5% Meningocele 7.5% Autosomal recessive inheritance - Buphthalmos - Cerebellar cyst - Cerebellar dysplasia - Cerebellar hypoplasia - Coloboma - Congenital myopia - Congenital onset - Decreased light- and dark-adapted electroretinogram amplitude - Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase - Enlarged flash visual evoked potentials - Generalized hypotonia - Generalized muscle weakness - Heterogeneous - Hypoplasia of midface - Hypoplasia of the brainstem - Hypoplasia of the retina - Intellectual disability, profound - Intellectual disability, severe - Malar flattening - Megalocornea - Microcephaly - Microphthalmia - Muscle weakness - Muscular dystrophy - Myoclonus - Nystagmus - Opacification of the corneal stroma - Pachygyria - Pallor - Phenotypic variability - Polymicrogyria - Retinal atrophy - Retinal dysplasia - Severe global developmental delay - Severe muscular hypotonia - Short nasal bridge - Spasticity - Type II lissencephaly - Uncontrolled eye movements - Undetectable electroretinogram - Ventriculomegaly - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What causes Muscle eye brain disease ?
Answer: What causes muscle eye brain disease? Muscle eye brain disease is caused by mutations in the POMGNT1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in adding sugar molecules to a protein called alpha dystroglycan. Alpha dystroglycan is important for stabilizing the muscle cell during contraction and relaxation. This protein is also found in the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system), eye, and other parts of the body. All of the reported mutations in the POMGNT1 gene result in a complete loss of function of the POMGNT1 protein. The lack of functional POMGNT1 protein disrupts production of alpha dystroglycan.
Question:  What are the symptoms of Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type E ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type E? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type E. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Stage 5 chronic kidney disease 5% Areflexia - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Axonal loss - Distal lower limb amyotrophy - Distal muscle weakness - Distal sensory impairment - Distal upper limb amyotrophy - Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - Foot dorsiflexor weakness - Hammertoe - Hyporeflexia - Onion bulb formation - Pes cavus - Progressive - Proteinuria - Split hand - Steppage gait - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What are the symptoms of Ectrodactyly cleft palate syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Ectrodactyly cleft palate syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Ectrodactyly cleft palate syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the skin - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Cleft palate - Split hand - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What is (are) Malignant eccrine spiradenoma ?
Answer: Malignant eccrine spiradenoma is a type of tumor that develops from a sweat gland in the skin.  It starts as a rapidly-growing bump on the head or abdomen, and may cause tenderness, redness, or an open wound.  The exact cause of malignant eccrine spiradenoma is unknown, though it is thought that sun exposure or problems with the immune system (immunosuppression) may contribute to the development of this tumor.  Because malignant eccrine spiradenoma is quite rare, there are no established treatment guidelines; however, in practice, surgery is often performed to remove the tumor and additional treatments may follow, depending on the severity and extent of the cancer.
Question:  What are the treatments for Malignant eccrine spiradenoma ?
Answer: How might malignant eccrine spiradenoma be treated? Surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible is usually the first step of treatment for malignant eccrine spiradenoma.  Both a traditional surgical technique known as wide local excision and the newer Mohs micrographic surgery are thought to be effective for treating this cancer.  Additional treatment may include radiation therapy to destroy any cancer cells that might remain after surgery.  Though chemotherapy has been used in cases of malignant eccrine spiradenoma, it is thought to be of limited help in treating this disease.
Question:  What is (are) L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency ?
Answer: L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) deficiency is a rare condition that primarily affects the brain. People with AGAT deficiency generally have mild to moderate intellectual disability. Other signs and symptoms may include seizures, delayed language development, muscle weakness, failure to thrive, autistic behaviors, and delayed motor milestones (i.e. walking, sitting). AGAT deficiency is caused by changes (mutations) in the GATM gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment of AGAT deficiency is focused on increasing cerebral creatine levels and generally consists of supplementation with creatine monohydrate.
Question:  What are the symptoms of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Gowers sign 5% Abnormality of creatine metabolism - Autism - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Delayed speech and language development - Failure to thrive - Infantile onset - Intellectual disability - Organic aciduria - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What is (are) Microhydranencephaly ?
Answer: Microhydranencephaly is a developmental abnormality that affects the brain. Signs and symptoms may include extreme microcephaly, scalp rugae (a series of ridges), profound developmental delay and severe intellectual disability. Imaging studies of the brain generally reveal incomplete brain formation and severe hydrocephalus (accumulation of fluid in the brain). In most cases, the underlying cause is unknown. Rarely, the condition is caused by changes (mutations) in the NDE1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person.
Question:  What are the symptoms of Microhydranencephaly ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Microhydranencephaly? Microhydranencephaly is a developmental abnormality that affects the brain. Signs and symptoms can vary but generally include: Extreme microcephaly Scalp rugae (a series of ridges) Profound developmental delay Severe intellectual disability Spasticity Imaging studies of the brain generally reveal incomplete brain formation and severe hydrocephalus (accumulation of fluid in the brain). The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Microhydranencephaly. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Agenesis of corpus callosum - Athetosis - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Cerebellar hypoplasia - Generalized myoclonic seizures - Hydranencephaly - Hyperreflexia - Hypoplasia of the brainstem - Intellectual disability, progressive - Intellectual disability, severe - Macrotia - Microcephaly - Multiple joint contractures - Pachygyria - Prominent nasal bridge - Proptosis - Self-mutilation - Short stature - Skeletal muscle atrophy - Sloping forehead - Spastic tetraplegia - Talipes equinovarus - Ventriculomegaly - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What causes Microhydranencephaly ?
Answer: What causes microhydranencephaly? In many cases, the exact, underlying cause of microhydranencephaly is unknown. There are reports of families in which the condition is caused by changes (mutations) in the NDE1 gene. In these rare cases, more than one family member (often a pair of siblings) had the condition.
Question:  Is Microhydranencephaly inherited ?
Answer: Is microhydranencephaly inherited? Most cases of microhydranencephaly occur sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. However, the condition can rarely affect more than one family member and be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. In these cases, an affected person must have a mutation in both copies of the responsible gene in each cell. The parents of an affected person usually each carry one mutated copy of the gene and are referred to as carriers. Carriers typically do not have signs or symptoms of the condition. When two carriers of an autosomal recessive condition have children, each child has a 25% (1 in 4) chance to have the condition, a 50% (1 in 2) chance to be a carrier like each of the parents, and a 25% chance to not have the condition and not be a carrier.
Question:  How to diagnose Microhydranencephaly ?
Answer: How is microhydranencephaly diagnosed? A diagnosis of microhydranencephaly is generally suspected based on the presence of characteristic signs and symptoms. Additional testing can then be ordered to confirm the diagnosis. This generally consists of imaging studies to evaluate the brain for structural abnormalities and severe hydrocephalus (accumulation of fluid in the brain).
Question:  What are the symptoms of Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 2 ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 2? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 2. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the skin 90% Palmoplantar keratoderma 90% Neoplasm of the skin 7.5% Autosomal dominant inheritance - Palmar telangiectasia - Plantar telangiectasia - Porokeratosis - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question:  What are the symptoms of Lipodystrophy, familial partial, type 2 ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Lipodystrophy, familial partial, type 2? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Lipodystrophy, familial partial, type 2. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of lipid metabolism 90% Diabetes mellitus 90% Hepatomegaly 90% Insulin resistance 90% Lipoatrophy 90% Multiple lipomas 90% Round face 90% Skeletal muscle hypertrophy 90% Acute pancreatitis 75% Abnormality of the nail 50% Advanced eruption of teeth 50% Secondary amenorrhea 50% Thin skin 50% Abnormality of complement system 7.5% Acanthosis nigricans 7.5% Cellulitis 7.5% Congestive heart failure 7.5% Coronary artery disease 7.5% Cranial nerve paralysis 7.5% Glomerulopathy 7.5% Hepatic steatosis 7.5% Hypertrichosis 7.5% Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 7.5% Myalgia 7.5% Myopathy 7.5% Polycystic ovaries 7.5% Splenomegaly 7.5% Toxemia of pregnancy 7.5% Adipose tissue loss - Atherosclerosis - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Decreased subcutaneous fat - Enlarged peripheral nerve - Hirsutism - Hyperglycemia - Hyperinsulinemia - Hypertension - Hypertriglyceridemia - Hypoalphalipoproteinemia - Increased adipose tissue around the neck - Increased facial adipose tissue - Increased intraabdominal fat - Increased intramuscular fat - Insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus - Labial pseudohypertrophy - Loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue in limbs - Loss of truncal subcutaneous adipose tissue - Prominent superficial veins - Xanthomatosis - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.