Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
does standardization matter evaluating the potential of the common european framework of reference for languages cefr for reducing employment discrimination faced by immigrants

around 57 million people in europe are foreignborn developing strategies for inclusive growth and devising actions to promote immigrant integration through nondiscrimination are among europes current priorities this project will evaluate if the common european framework of reference for languages cefr which is used to standardize host country language requirements for different professions throughout europe can serve as an effective tool to reduce hiring discrimination against immigrants employers have been shown to discriminate against immigrant applicants based on languagerelated bias which can be reduced when language requirements are specified in cefr terms based on a novel design that combines realworld variation in the inclusion of cefr requirements in job ads with a factorial survey experiment and indepth interviews among employers the project will address three objectives 1 examining if the inclusion of cefr requirements reduces differential treatment of immigrant applicants on aggregate 2 identifying labor market areas and ethnic groups that benefit most from the introduction of cefr requirements 3 assessing the current implementation of cefr requirements in relation to uninformed or inadequate use results and the collected data set will be distributed among the scientific community open access among the general public science fairs and among employers and county governors webinars roundtable discussions and can serve as a steppingstone for developing comprehensive and adequate language requirements for different professions at the international level the projects unites expert researchers in sociolinguistics and language test development with an early career researcher ecr specializing in immigrant integration and languagebased discrimination into an interdisciplinary team this will provide impactful training to the ecr who will benefit from methodological training project management experience and network ties
an integrated theory of deciding and acting

how do we translate information from sensory inputs and memory stores into goaldirected actions in the last 40 years the fields of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience have focused on the decisionmaking stage and very few attempts have been made to understand the complete process the aim of the present scientific proposal is to elaborate an integrated computational theory of deciding and acting in humans which explains conflicting measurements from these traditionally separate fields of research and provides joint precise quantitative predictions about them the core hypothesis of the theory is that motor execution is determined by the same evidence accumulation variable that drives decisionmaking this hypothesis strongly departs from current models of decisionmaking that represent motor execution as a residual parameter under the assumption that motor execution captures effects that are not cognitively interesting the theory will be tested through a series of experiments that combine cognitive modeling behavioral and electrophysiological measurements electromyography of responserelevant muscles and electroencephalography specifically the experiments aim at i testing and characterizing the hypothetical dependency of motor execution to the evolving decision variable ii generalizing the theory to a wide range of choice laboratory tasks and different response effectors iii identifying potential boundary conditions of application and iv elucidating the relationship between decisionmaking motor execution and confidence judgments in a final part of the project the theory will be applied to developmental data in order to provide new theoretical insight into the development of decisionmaking and motor execution across the lifespan if successful this work should provide new perspectives into a broader range of research problems from perceptionaction coupling to movement disorders that appear to have a cognitive basis
reversibly operating fuels cells for clean energy and longterm storage

the main innovation of reverion is a patented 2 patents already granted 4 submitted and other 6 planned disruptive new system architecture design for high temperature fuel cells or solid oxide cells socs we are not producing the socs but purchasing those from established soc manufacturers the individual subcomponents of a reverion system are commercially available however the system design meaning the arrangement and use of the components and the control algorithms of the closed cycle are brand new and highly innovative it leverages synergies no other product can achieve such as the unprecedented efficiencies by combining reversible solid oxide fuel cells with a twostage offgas recovery we can achieve a complete fuel utilisation and recordbreaking efficiencies 80 electrical efficiency for power generation and an even higher efficiency in electrolysis mode energy storage powertogas production of hydrogen or biomethane as desired
trustworthy planning and scheduling with learning and explanations

planning and scheduling ps is a core area of ai its aim is to build systems that assist humans in planning organising and optimising courses of action to achieve complex objectives despite the pressing need for decisionsupport systems for ps applications in industry and public services current approaches do not satisfy essential properties of trustworthy ai such as transparency explainability robustness safety and scalabilitytuples is a 3 year project aiming to obtain scalable yet transparent robust and safe algorithmic solutions for ps the cornerstones of our scientific contributions will be 1 combining symbolic ps methods with datadriven methods to benefit from the scalability and modelling power of the latter while gaining the transparency robustness and safety of the former and 2 developing rigorous explanations and verification approaches for ensuring the transparency robustness and safety of a sequence of interacting machine learned decisions both of these challenges are at the forefront of ai researchwe will demonstrate and evaluate our novel and rigorous methods in a laboratory environment on a range of usecases in manufacturing aircraft operations sport management waste collection and energy management our results also include practical guidelines derived from the lessons learnt in this process and opensource software tools and test environments enabling the humancentered development and assessment of trustworthy ps systems expected outcomes include increased productivity decreased environmental footprint and the empowerment of workers in the above sectors these could translate into huge economic environmental and social impacts if trustworthiness ends up driving mass adoption of psthe tuples consortium includes worldleading researchers in several fields of ai ps constraints machine learning explanations humanities and social sciences psychology law ethics and experts of their applications
quantum sensing with van der waals heterostructures based on hexagonal boron nitride

the project idea is to implement a new quantum probe based on hexagonal boron nitride hbn containing spin defects to study the properties of artificially stacked twodimensional 2d materials and devices the essential building blocks of such van der waals vdw heterostructures are the quantum defects in hbn recently discovered by the pi and his team these intrinsic lattice defects negatively charged boron vacancies vb can be optically spinpolarized and coherently manipulated allowing the readout of quantum information during the coherence time our experimental approach is based on coherent manipulation of the spin state using highfrequency pulse protocols followed by optical readout to explore the adjacent environment in particular by studying the local lattice strains pressure temperature and magnetic fields the unique feature of hbn is its nondisturbing chemical and crystallographic compatibility with other vdw materials which gains a new fundamental functionality with the embedded spin centres and allows sensing in heterostructures serving as a boundary itself optical readout will be extended by electrical control of spin and charge states which is an unexplored area and a major step forward in the development of quantum applications of vdw heterostructures we focus on i the enhancement of vb emission and spin resonance contrast by coupling with plasmonic resonators to identify single defects never seen before ii the identification of the sources of spin decoherence of these defects in particular the interaction with other electronic defects and hyperfinecoupled nuclear bath and their bypassing and iii the exploration of semiconducting and magnetic heterostructures and electronic devices based on them the project aims to establish 2d heterostructures as a flexible platform for new quantum applications based on the optical and electrical control of coherent states and mapping fluctuating external fields on the nanoscale
orchestrating nextgeneration mobile modular laboratories for pandemic monitoring preparedness

expert opinion from across the world recommends calls for modular laboratory systems to be made available for disease monitoring missions the who calls these rapid response mobile laboratories rrml onelab will develop modular rrml for rapid flexible scalable multiscenario deployments into the widest range of possible settings these nextgeneration facilities will support nextgeneration measurementtechnologiesmethodologies and through satellite communications form widearea gis enabled laboratory information systems thus simultaneously providing pointofneed disease detection along with highlevel situational awarenessonelab will also develop advanced measurement systems for a staged disease detection response exploiting a panel of acute viral infection biomarkers enables early detection of disease during its asymptomatic incubation using this at the outbreak of disease when much is still undefined supports effective immediate targeted public health interventions additionally using proven methodologies developed in response to covid 19 onelab will develop demonstrate a workflow for semiautonomous disease specific biomarker discovery this application delivery of agile science enhances the capability capacity of current disease testingstrategies substantiallyrrmls are only as good as the skilled teams who operate them so onelab builds worldwide networks partnerships of experienced experts to define contextuallyaligned best practice develop a consensusdriven concepts of operation and disseminate this though a pandemic testing playbook we will develop capability capacity with training networkingevents that continue beyond the project finally community masstesting requires engagement acceptance from all citizens which is why we will engage with the public produce a citizens guide to mass community testing supported by educational outreach resources
carbon sequestration in blue ecosystems

cblues will significantly advance knowledge and understanding of blue carbon ecosystems bces seagrasses tidal marshes mangroves macroalgae and macroalgae mariculture aiming to achieve three overarching objectives 1 develop new scientific knowledge within bces to reduce scientific uncertainty and improve reporting of blue carbon under the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc 2 provide input to a possible revision of the 2013 ipcc wetlands supplement to increase inclusion of coastal wetlands in national greenhouse gas ghg inventories and reporting 3 raise awareness and promote the role of blue carbon for delivering global climate policy commitments in collaboration with chinese and other international partners cblues will perform the following produce spatial maps methodological best practices and standard operating procedures enable more robust and reliable quantification of carbon emissions and sequestration model sequestration capacity and upscale regional and global ghg budgets assess carbon stock changes ghg emissions and removals related to different management interventions and human activities review legal and institutional frameworks governing bces and assess the drivers and barriers for integrating coastal wetlands into national reporting mechanisms under the unfccc cblues will target the following mission ocean lighthouse areas la la atlanticarctic la baltic and north sea and la mediterranean sea the black sea dutch antilles and through collaboration with china the southern china coast will also be covered cblues will engage with the scientific community climate and coastal policy makers and the wider civil society to disseminate the knowledge generated raise awareness of bces and build capacity for blue carbon research inclusion cblues will effectively impact national and international climate policy work so that bces more prominently are included in reporting and management actions
new industrial process for footwear manufacturing using 3d bonding

the 3d bonding project addresses a disruptive process based on a family of patents simplicity works pctes201207001369 for highly automated and robotised manufacturing of highend footwear through a polymer injection process we bond materials in 3d instead of stitching that creates a stable skeleton without overlapping seams in a few seconds this technology eliminates the need of complex stitching operations improving the mechanical properties foot the footwear adaptation comfort and permeability 3d bonding simplifies footwear manufacturing reducing the total number of operations to 20 70 for traditional manufacturing reducing labour costs associated to stitching and assembly by 72 and using 50 less material moreover the carbon footprint is 13 less than a traditionally made product our 3d bonding project can bring back to eu the manufacturing process resulting in reduced delivery times multiple job positions and a stronger economy for the eu
the lost manuscripts of medieval europe modelling the transmission of texts

lostma aims at understanding how human cultures are constituted and evolve through the question of the transmission of written cultural artefacts it strives to establish in what measure the transmission and subsequent preservation or loss of written artefacts texts and ideas deviates from pure chance and if it deviates by how much and why it does it will do so by analysing the way that texts in manuscript form were copied transformed or destroyed in a similar way to the evolution of living organisms or of language variants through process of innovationmutation fixation or extinctionas such the goal of this project is not only to understand the processes behind the transmission of texts but also to grasp the extent to which humans are the actors of the transmission of their own culture and how much the survival of texts or the constitution of cultural canons are due to chanceif this notion may seem provocative to humanities researchers evolutionary biologists have long discovered the role of random drift in the survival or extinction of genetic traits and species to investigate this question this project will attempt a paradigmshift in philological methods by combining artificial intelligence complexity science and philological expertise stochastic birthanddeath processes and computer multiagent simulations will be used to emulate the process of textual transmission a case study will be taken regarding chivalric literature in european context supported by deep learning methods largescale data collection will be made on a corpus of 4000 documents in romance germanic and celtic languages with a fulltext zoom on approx 1000 old french manuscripts data will provide observable values to be compared to simulation results in order to measure deviations from chance make inferences on non observable values such as losssurvival rates of works and manuscripts and understand the dynamics at work behind the transmission of texts
integrated germanium quantum technology

spin qubits in germanium have resulted in the most advanced semiconductor quantum processor within five years of development germanium qubits are established as a highly promising candidate for largescale quantum computing germanium is a standard semiconductor manufacturing material and germanium qubits are the only semiconductor qubits that are defined exclusively by transistorbased structures and has enabled to demonstrate a universal quantum gate set hen20 this is highly promising for scalability and adoption by leading semiconductor technology a revolution in the growth of strained germanium sparked a remarkable development which led to the first germanium quantum dot germanium qubit twoqubit logic in germanium fourqubit logic in a twodimensional array and operation of a 16 quantum dot array this program brings together all the partners that enabled these developments to form a consortium with leading scientists and industry to fulfil the promise of germanium quantum technology by scaling the number of qubits by designing architectures allowing to advance beyond 1000s of qubits and by experimentally implementing a computational task that can provide a quantum advantage the key objective of integrated germanium quantum technology ignite is thus to demonstrate that germanium defines a compelling platform for quantum computation with excellent qubits operating in a scalable network we therefore focus on four key components to demonstrate its success
fingerprinting cold subduction and plate tectonics using key minerals

plate tectonics pt is a wellestablished framework of moving plates made of oceanic and continental lithosphere the main driving force of this system is the slab pull a force imposed as the older and colder subducting plate sinks into the asthenosphere at convergent boundaries producing low temperaturehigh pressure lthp metamorphic rocks although our understanding about pt has improved in the last decades there are major unknowns remaining namely when and how its onset took place a highly controversial topic the record of lthp metamorphic rocks becomes continuous only from 850750 ma onwards but recent evidence of these rocks at 21002000 ma suggests a similar tectonic regime operated at this time as well an outstanding question arises did plate tectonics as we know it today begin to operate only 850ma ago or did this change take place much earlier but disappeared as the result of a preservation bias affecting lthp rocks fingerpt will test this hypothesis using detrital minerals in sedimentary rocks that can track older lthp key minerals that can retain pressure temperature and age ptt information will be used applying chronothermobarometric tools through a multidisciplinary approach we will i combine the existing tools with new ones to obtain reliable ptt conditions ii test these tools and study the survival of eroded lthp terranes via mineral analyses in analogue modern sediments draining an exposed subduction zone iii identify and sample the most appropriate units whose detrital minerals record the last 1000 to 4000 ma to trace the secular evolution of cold subduction the emerging new tools from fingerpt some that push current technological boundaries will be widely applied by other petrologists establishing when modernday pt began will influence the geodynamic mechanisms proposed for the early earth eg sluggish tectonics forcing a shift of current conceptual models on the evolution of earth systems
the role of structural genomic variants in ecoevolutionary processes

genetic diversity is a fundamental level of biodiversity at a time of global change it provides variation that underpins species persistence and their adaptation to changing environments variation in the direction or presence of dna sequences has been largely overlooked until now yet those structural variants svs represent a key aspect of genetic diversity svs cover 3 to 10 times more of the genome than the wellstudied singlenucleotide variants and have different properties length effect on recombination mutation rate structural variation thus represents a quantitative and qualitative shift in our understanding of genetic diversity with predicted but understudied implications for evolutionthe project evolsv calls for a reassessment of the genomic basis of ecoevolutionary processes my ambition is to lead new research avenues on the impact of svs in ecology and evolution and to determine the contribution of svs to current biodiversity i will combine cuttingedge genomics and powerful experimental approaches developed throughout my career to perform multidisciplinary research on a focal system coelopa flies and then across taxafirst i will investigate svs within a population genetic framework in coelopa spp to determine how sv properties affect their distribution and effects on fitness second i will assess the contribution of svs to deleterious load in a case of range shift northwards third i will examine how svs contribute to phenotypic adaptation focusing on parallel climatic gradients and rapid thermal variation fourth at a broader phylogenetic level i will draw general principles about the evolution of structural genetic diversityevolsv will have longterm impacts by providing the first comprehensive assessment of structural genetic diversity across the tree of life developing the study of svs in nonmodel species and determining how genetic architecture contributes to evolutionary response in a rapidly changing world
waste quantification solutions to limit environmental stress

the wasteless project will develop and test a mix of innovative tools and methodologies for food loss and waste flw measurement and monitoring a bottomup approach will be followed starting from defining an harmonised methodological framework and set of standards for the testing activities the evaluation of the tools implementation and the quality and integrability of the data produced in other frameworks and finally recommend sustainable policies and business strategies to set the ground for a harmonised framework at eu level additionally to the measurement and monitoring tools wasteless will carry research activities on innovative processes and streams to valorise unavoidable flw with the ambition to make existing flw quantification solutions and wasteless ones usable by all food actors it will be developed a decision support toolbox for any stakeholders to access to the most appropriate methodology digital tools and solutions for flw valorisation all that aggregated with the environmental and socioeconomic impact associated to the implementation of the solutions this will enable the replication of data collection hubs accross europe feeding the model developed by jrc with robust reliable and comparable flw data