Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
stable solutions and nonstandard diffusions pde questions arising in mathematical physics

the concept of diffusion is ubiquitous in the physical sciences from the mathematical point of view its study started in the early 19th century with the development of pde theory and has many connections to physics probability geometry and functional analysis this project aims to answer several outstanding questions related to the mathematics of diffusionthe proposal is divided into two blocks the first one corresponds to the study of stable solutions to reactiondiffusion pde and more precisely the classification of global stable solutions in the physical space ie in 3d for a general class of problems including the allencahn the altphillips or the thin altcaffarelli equations we will also investigate the same question for complexvalued solutions in 2d which arises in the construction of travelling waves for the grosspitaevskii equation the second block corresponds to nonstandard diffusions in particular we will study the boltzmann equation a fundamental model in statistical mechanics nonlocal diffusions deeply related to lvy processes and anomalous diffusions as well as the porous medium equation a classical nonlinear pde that arises in various physical models in which diffusion is slow the highly ambitious goals of the project are motivated by some recent results obtained by the pi in these areas
twophoton alloptical interrogation of auditory cortex circuit supporting working memory representations

working memory refers to the brain capacity for encoding sensory stimuli and maintaining information suspended for imminent processing over a short timespan few seconds this ability is crucial for numerous simple and intricate tasks in humans and animals keeping in mind a sequence learning speech despite its importance the mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown different theoretical models have been proposed to recapitulate working memory among them attractor dynamics within recurrent networks facilitate selfsustained activity that holds information as a form of memory working memory since its first descriptions has been pinpointed to higherorder associative frontal and prefrontal regions of the brain however growing evidences suggest widespread representations spanning also sensory cortices a recent research causally demonstrated the necessity of the primary auditory cortex to perform an auditorybased working memory task the main objective of the proposed project is to reveal the existence of working memory representations in auditory cortex and to analyze the circuit supporting them employing the concept of attractor dynamics this goal will be achieved by combining ultrafast acoustooptic twophoton 2p calcium and voltage imaging precise optogenetics and animal behavior this approach will provide information regarding the spatial organization and identity of neurons responding during the retention phase of the task and enables the subsequent manipulation of such neurons with unprecedented spatiotemporal accuracy perturbation experiments will test the predictions of attractor dynamics theory in relation to working memory representation and probe synaptic connectivity within functionally identified neurons in conclusion i will combine cuttingedge optical approaches with analytical methods to causally dissect the network underlying working memory representations in auditory cortex
catalysis for cancer treatment

the increased incidence and mortality of tumors that do not respond to standard of care or other targeted therapies is a major challenge in clinical management of these cancer patients in order to provide innovative therapeutic avenues for treatment refractory patients it is urgent to develop novel mechanisms of anticancer drugs mode of action that will overcome the drawbacks of current therapies in cat4cancenter we will merge the research fields of metalbased catalysis for drug development and innovative delivery routes with cancer biology and immunology applied to one of the deadliest cancers glioblastoma gbm a fatal primary brain tumor for which no curing therapy exists due to its location within the brain parenchyma and complex tumor microenvironment many potential drugs failed in the clinic due to their inherent toxicity and offtarget sideeffects which add up to the challenges in reaching the protected brain site recently innovative catalyst design enabled synthetic transformations in the presence of biological molecules in cat4cancenter we will develop four innovative approaches to treat gbm this new methodology requires the design of cage protected catalysts that will be delivered to targeted cell types using advanced lipid nanoparticle technology next the catalysts will convert nontoxic prodrugs into active drugs within the gbm bulk our groundbreaking strategy aims for successful therapies to treat glioblastoma by developing complementary approaches to therapeutically tackle the complexity of this disease the new strategies catalysts and prodrin this project we explore a new avenue to treat glioblastoma which is the most difficult cancer to target in a collaborative program we develop biomimetic transition metal catalysts key expertise 1 that will be delivered using smart strategies such as lipid nanoparticles key expertise 2 to generate cancer drug in vivo the glioblastoma biology will be studies in detail key expertise 3
probing how value comes to matter in the energy transition goodbydevicing

while the climate crisis accentuates the need to decouple economies from fossil fuels local opposition in europe increasingly delays the transition to renewable energy arguing that the energy transition has been organised as an expert issue pursued by design tools based in technoeconomic valuation goodbydevicing proposes that resistance to renewable energy cannot be solved when opposition has already solidified in the phase of project planning and development instead this project seeks to accommodate broader social concerns over the impacts of the energy transition much earlier by inquiring into the design phase where experts develop and use critical design tools such as energy scenarios digital simulations and procurement schemes these devices incorporate expert decisions on what concerns to include and exclude in the design of the energy transition hypothesising that rising opposition has roots in colliding valuations of the value of energy transition and what concerns should be accounted for in devices goodbydevicing probes a position where renewable energy can be deployed with sufficient pace but where broader social values are encompassed in the design tools that shape our energy future to shed light on how value comes to matter in the energy transition the project uses the case of the contested development of the worlds first energy islands in denmark the natural island of bornholm is used as a strategic research site to ask how the energy transition could be valued otherwise encompassing broader social concerns combining perspectives in science technology studies of valuation studies and the sociology of expertise the project provides a new understanding of local opposition to renewables contributing to the social acceptance literature as well as to valuation studies and its new notion of the good economy exploring how the good fossilfree society could be redevised to account for social concerns thereby reducing conflict
pioneering sustainable crm recovery in european mining

the problem addressed by the optiminer project is multifaceted and significant in the european context europes mining industry is grappling with the pressing need to efficiently and sustainably recover crms from increasingly complex and lowgrade oresoptiminer offers a comprehensive solution to europes mining challenges encompassing five key exploitable results kers reminer focuses on advanced technologies for efficient crm recovery these include smart ore sorters membranebased hydrometallurgical processes bioleaching and phytomining they will comprise a marketplace of technologies that will be offered to the extractive industry through an innovative aienabled crm recovery selector digiminer offers a digital platform for smart monitoring and control it is enhanced with a decision support system and an nlpbased digital assistant the virtual miner moreover digital twins of the recovery pilot plants will be created to optimise productivity and provide with simulation capacities ecominer delivers services enhancing sustainability and resilience it boosts resource management and efficiency by designing a toolkit to optimise energy water usage and waste valorisation along with strategies for toxicity management and lca financial sustainability is tackled by using an aienabled market observatory system to provide knowledge support and resilience to the end user demominer showcases pilot lines for crm recovery across different materials and geographical locations specifically we are proposing 6 use cases in spain greece poland finland and chile while focusing on crm recovery namely magnesium tungsten ree esp neodymium copper cobalt and coking coal globeminer promotes increased awareness and market uptake highlighting the strategic euchile strategic cooperation together these components form an integrated approach to revolutionize crm recovery ensuring environmental sustainability and operational efficiency
ocean visions the impact of private oceanographic vessels and documentary making on ocean science governance and research

ocean science is no longer the sole domain of public research institutes and their vessels private oceanographic vessels are increasingly able to influence its governance and research practices the business model of private vessels relies on producing wildlife documentaries that feature telegenic discoveries and charismatic animals alongside ocean scientists themselves while their vessels actively enable scientific research companies like oceanx also ensure the steady production of striking moving images for wildlife documentaries such as bbcs blue planet oceanvisions aims to understand how these private vessels affect the daily governance of ocean science research and specifically how their emphasis on documentary film production shapes ocean scientists objectives and routines by foregrounding practices of visual content production for scientific analysis and documentaries oceanvisions explores everyday governance arrangements in ocean science and analyses how scientists adapt their knowledge creation practices to the requirements of filmmaking onboard oceanographic vessels this research project utilises an innovative research design conducting a comparative ethnography between one public research vessel owned by the royal netherlands institute for sea research and one private vessel owned by oceanx this interdisciplinary project which brings together studies on the governance of science with the anthropology of science will be carried out at the centre for science and technology studies at leiden university a leading institute focusing on scientific research and its connections to technology innovation and society the project will also benefit from a secondment at the massachusetts institute of technology
waveguide raman spectroscopy for polar iron sensing

the polar oceans are hotspots for carbon cycling and burial the coastal phytoplankton populations bloom provided by the iron the main nutrient in polar waters surging from the subglacial water systems retreating glaciers cause uncertainty to the future of the iron flux flowing into the oceans and therefore it is unclear how the warming climate impacts the carbon cycle in polar areas however methods for onsite insitu monitoring that could gain sufficient temporally and spatially resolved information on the iron behaviour in glacial hydrological systems are either unsatisfactory or cumbersomethe ambitious aim is to develop an optical measurement technique to monitor and quantify dissolved iron in glacial meltwaters the objectives are to i introduce shifted excitation raman spectroscopy into onchip waveguide raman sensing to develop a portable but sensitive measurement device and ii create an identification and calibration model that can quantify dissolved iron in glacial waters the expected result is to establish an optical method that enable fast reagent free online monitoring of dissolved iron in glacial meltwaters that can be in future work made into a compact onchip formatrealization of the insitu capable raman sensors will enable collection of extensive data sets of meltwaters in the thawing polar regions the data will help to quantify their impact on the polar carbon cycle and constrain climate models the developed raman sensor can be further applied on various environmental sensing needs such a monitoring of agronutrient runoff to water systems from my personal perspective the obtained research experience and skills will help me to establish a career path on the field of environmental sensing that i am passionate about the fellowship will give an opportunity to expand my environmental research network to span over the nordic region and drive bordercrossing experimental research of the carbon cycle and the climate change
fascinating world of researchers in the age of technology researchers to schools students to the labs

our project aims to foster closer ties between researchers and the general public prioritising the engagement of youth particularly girls towards science careers adopting a missionoriented impact focused approach with our efforts we address global challenges and are committed to ground breaking solutions well illuminate both the professional and personal aspects of researchers in an interactive style enhancing public awareness especially among students regarding the nuances of research and innovation a special focus will be given to cocreation the role of ri in the society and the economy the societal pertinence of eus research policies and the improvement of science communication key events like researchers to schools and students to the labs will recur over two years feeding students enthusiasm while enabling educators to infuse creativity into core subject teachings such as digital technology ecofriendly practices and health our inclusive approach drawing expertise from diverse disciplines and sectors is formulated to maximise impact and familiarise the public with the realm of research our main target group is students of age 626 but we aim to address all age groups with attractive programmes and demonstrate that both scholars and innovators can be discovered amongst us and being a researcher is indeed cool and creative our venues cover the whole country as the result of the awareness raising campaign several organisations will join the researchers night thus contributing to the multiplication of the visitors our goal both ambitious and achievable is to attract 30000 attendees to our venues but even much more participants are expected at further venues of partners who join us year by year the night is set to resonate with millions either through direct engagement or media exposure crucially each venue will spotlight the eu ri commitment with an emphasis on the contributions of eu projects especially the mscas
3dassembly of interactive microgels to grow in vitro vascularized structured and beating human cardiac tissues in highthroughput

generating 3d in vitro functional tissues and organs in the millimeter scale remains an unmet dream of modern medicine irrespective of great efforts in the field of tissue engineering to design injectablepipettable hydrogels or implantablenonpipettable scaffolds for 3d cell growth it is not yet possible to generate functional and personalized tissues with nativelike structures and mature blood vessels the main reason for this limitation is that current materials do not recapitulate the complexity and dynamics of the native cell environment to create personalized human tissues patientderived induced pluripotent stem cells can differentiate in any cell type but controlling stem cell expansion differentiation and organization inside the same 3d scaffold is not possible up to now as it requires biomimetic and interactive materials beyond simple hydrogels heartbeat will break with traditional ways to make 3d biomaterials by assembling and crosslinking a variety of unique preprogrammed rodshaped and interactive microgels instead of molecular building blocks the main aim is to achieve macroporous aligned actuatable and ondemand degradable constructs after automatically pipettingmixing different microgels and cells which is not possible with conventional hydrogels a compatible highthroughput system will be used to screen the innumerable combinations of design parameters to systematically study stemcellmaterial and cellcell interactions to grow complex tissue in heartbeat i will focus on using the interactive bottomup microgel assemblies to generate millimeterscale vascularized beating heart tissues the project will elucidate how material properties architectures and actuation affect human heart tissue formation and vascularization and how the construct has to adapt to the growing tissue over time to provide the right extracellular environment
stepless highlift configurations for optimised aircraft energy management in the tma

stepless aims to minimise the flight environmental footprint during final approach under operations with conventional and increased glideslope angles igs igs is intended to reduce the noise perception on ground by a higher flight altitude steeper approach angles however also reduce the aircrafts capability to decelerate to final approach speed therefore the risk occurs that pilots are forced to configure the aircraft too early which can have deteriorating effects on noise and fuel consumption the proposed solution of the stepless project dynamically optimises the intermediate settings of the highlift system in order to better adapt the aircrafts glide performance to the prevailing approach conditions such as wind aircraft mass or atc constraints through this the pilot can better manage the aircrafts energy follow speed assignments by atc and fly as energyoptimal as possible even with increased glideslope angles hence the proposed solution enables the increase of the glideslope angle for the sake of the reduction of the noise perception on ground but by avoiding deteriorating effects on fuel consumption because of nonoptimal highlift configurations it is predicted to bring operational improvements to the flow of arriving traffic within the terminal manoeuvring area tma especially when increased glideslope angles are applied the proposed solution aims to provide greater fuel efficiency and environmental sustainability together with a further reduced noise perception on ground and even slight capacity gains through the avoidance of drawbacks in the energy management of approaching aircraft because of a steeper glidepaththe stepless consortium is composed of five research institutions dlr nlr upc empa and skylab one airborne equipment manufacturer thales avs and one project consulting company lup the partners are located in five countries all over europe namely germany france the netherlands spain and switzerland
the role of layerspecific population receptive field properties in visual recurrent processing

visual perception has long been cast as an inference process in which feedforward sensory signals are integrated with expectationrelated feedback for every feedforward sensory pathway there is a reciprocal feedback projection yet standard models continue to represent vision as a feedforward hierarchical network such models fail however when confronted with cases in which global spatial context expectations or other higherorder cognitive functions affect local processing the characterization of the distinct roles and mechanisms of feedforward and feedback processing is thus crucial for better models of vision based on the theory of predictive coding a proposed implementation of visual inference we propose the receptive field rf as the mechanism by which feedforward and feedback processes interact we present three projects that harness recent advances in neuroimaging techniques allowing in vivo imaging of recurrent processing in humans ultrahigh field uhf functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri enables a hitherto impossible investigation of layerspecific cortical processing with different cortical layers receiving input from either feedforward or feedback channels we will leverage the submillimeter spatial resolution of uhf fmri together with population receptive field prf mapping to target feedforward and feedback rf properties in two behavioral paradigms visual crowding and mooney image disambiguation crowding is dependent on global spatial context recruiting recurrent processing between early and midlevel visual areas whereas the prior object knowledge manipulation involved in mooney image disambiguation targets early to high visual areas the investigation of the contextual modulation of layerspecific prf properties will help elucidate the mechanisms by which higher cortical areas affect early sensory processing a longstanding question in neuroscience whose resolution is essential to the progress of vision research
ecap ehealth capsule for digestive disease diagnostics and therapy

ecap aims to deliver a novel medical device which combines a smart capsule with an ehealth platform for better diagnostics patient empowered disease management and hence improved outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal gi diseases our project will create a modular and implantable capsule with multisensing capacity that enables gi physiology monitoring for a controlled time period leveraging the minimally invasive surgical approach of flexible endoscopy ecap will use a worldwide ubiquitous smartphone communication standard together with cloud computing technology and application interfaces to integrate process and interpret longitudinal physiological data collected by the capsule the digital platform is designed to improve the accuracy and clinical usefulness of standard test data by incorporating patient reported outcome measures the clinician is able to personalize the test for the patient and receive accurate and meaningful results from this multistream data input with interpretation aided by artificial intelligence the universality of the ecap solution will allow dissemination of advanced gi disease diagnostics to patients and doctors worldwide including low resource environments during the project we will demonstrate ecaps clinical value and cost savings using gastroesophageal reflux disease gerd a worldwide common and extremely costly problem as a clinical target clinical evaluation with healtheconomics analysis will be conducted in france ukraine and kenya and a specific education program will be developed to train practitioners to use the novel technology ecap builds on several years of rd by our consortium in the field of implantable capsules for gi disease diagnostics its ambition is to facilitate a shift in gi diagnostics from its current unscalable analogue version to a patient centered ehealth tool and to make europe the leader in the rapidly growing field of connected medical devices for remote patient monitoring