Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
outlining the role of iga in memory instruction

several times in human history we faced sudden outbreaks of respiratory viruses that rapidly spread over the world before we could design broadly protective vaccines such was the case of the h1n1 influenza virus that killed 50 million people during the 1918 spanish flu and sarscov2 that led to at least 5 million deaths during the current covid19 pandemics influenza and sarscov2 elicit robust humoral immune responses including production of virusspecific antibodies of the igm igg and iga types in particular iga plays a crucial role in protecting lung mucosal surfaces by neutralizing respiratory viruses and impeding their attachment to epithelial cells despite its protective role current vaccines against influenza and sarscov2 fail to produce significant levels of iga in the respiratory tract then a deeper understanding of the biology of iga cells during respiratory infection is of utmost interest origami is based on recent unexpected findings from my team showing that germinal center b cells expressing iga are mostly recruited towards the longlived plasma cell compartment rather than to the memory b cell one upon influenza infection in this frame we will determine if the iga bcr biases cell fate by 1imprinting germinal center b cells with specific transcriptionalepigenetic programs2favoring antigen extraction and recruitment of t cell help within germinal centers3enhancing downstream b cell signalling pathwaysto to this end we will use influenza h1n1 virus as respiratory infection model combined with a series of complementary innovative tools and methodologies de novogenerated transgenic mice singlecell rnaatacseq 3d imaging dnabased force sensors phospho and imaging flow cytometry and massspectrometry a deep understanding of the biology of iga b cells during respiratory viral infection is of fundamental interest and may provide clues towards the design of future vaccination approaches against airborne pathogens
dependencies and volatility spillovers among carbon energy and stock markets in the eu

the eu is now on course to accomplish its 2020 climate and energy targets and has finalized the regulatory framework required to attain its 2030 and 2050 emissions reduction goals the eu emission trading system ets was established in 2005 with the objective of limiting global warming and maintaining a balance between economic development and environmental protection financial and energy markets are the main driving forces of the prices of the carbon future market its also conceivable that shocks to driving forces have an impact on eua pricing as far now price formation in the ets the consequences of structural changes on market linkages and comovement between the markets across different trading phases of eu ets remain widely unexplored hence the goal of this study is to explore the dynamic causal relationship price spillovers and dependencies among carbonenergystock markets during 20052021 to achieve this objective it is essential to investigate the stationarity and structural breaks of variables by adf pp kpss and za tests to design a network causal relationship directed acyclic graphs dag as an alternative databased approach will be used to modeling and analyzing contemporaneous causality patterns then a timevarying parameter var model tvpvar will be applied to discuss the volatility spillover effects for multidimensional analysis vine copulas including rvine cvine and dvine models will be applied the eua daily future price from stock market indices dax ftse100 cac40 ftse mib ibex35 euro stoxx50 respectively and energy prices for brent oil and gas will be utilized for a sample period 20052021 novel outcomes from the study could be explored for three phases of the eu ets the study determines whether there are any relationships or volatility spillover effects among the markets dependency analysis will quantify the correlations and reveal the impact of energy and financial markets on the carbon market
comprehensive analysis of rbm20induced dilated cardiomyopathies using omics approaches and repair interventions

in cardiorepair we aim to identify and repair diseasecausing variants in dilated cardiomyopathy dcm the major contributor to heart failure we focus on the gene rbm20 mutated in patients with a highly penetrant and aggressive form of familial dcm we will create a comprehensive map of all possible rbm20 variants that can cause dcm and develop a therapeutic approach for mutations with the strongest effect size enabled by a multitude of new technologies developed in our groups the primary goal is to characterize the complete spectrum of amino acid mutations in rbm20 by highthroughput saturation mutagenesis screens combined with functional readouts and multiomics analysis of downstream processes we will classify and score the pathogenicity of each individual mutant objective 1 to this end we will cover both the known dcmcausing rbm20 variants as well as those that have not been identified in patients yet each mutant represented by a typical transcriptomic proteomic phosphoproteomic and microscopic fingerprint will guide us in finding novel classspecific therapeutic strategies to revert the deviant phenotype back to the healthy state for a subset of mutants representing each identified mutation class we will generate mouse models and investigate changes in heart physiology and ultrastructure linked to the altered ome profile our second goal is to establish a classspecific therapeutic approach for the treatment of patients harboring rbm20 mutations objective 2 we will implement our advances in musclespecific gene editing focusing on prime editing and nanobodyguided approaches to specifically tackle the mutations leading to rbm20 translocation this proposal serves as a blueprint for going from variant identification to therapy in an accelerated fashion by harnessing and combining the power of highthroughput functional genomics and bioengineering and therefore is widely applicable to other cardiovascular diseases cvd
highthroughput identification of novel phageencoded bacterial defense mechanisms against protozoan predation

bacteria are the backbone of natural communities a single gram of soil may contain up to 10 billion cells two types of bacterial predators are also abundant protozoa singlecelled eukaryotes that phagocytize bacteria and bacteriophages phages viruses that only infect bacteria each day up to 20 of the global bacterial population is killed by these two predators this puts pressure on bacteria to adapt defense strategies but also on each predator to outcompete the other however the interplay between bacteria phages and protozoa is rarely studiedcertain phages can integrate into bacterial genomes becoming prophages and encode beneficial traits for host fitness like protection from other phages my hypothesis is that prophages encode defense mechanisms that may interfere with protozoan predation and protect the bacterial host thereby indirectly benefiting the prophage to investigate this i will develop a highthroughput quantitative fluorescence predation assay using the amoeba dictyostelium discoideum as the model protozoan changes in abundance of fluorescently tagged bacteria with and without defense functions will report the strength of predation defense in a large bacterial isolate panel harbouring thousands of prophages the assay will be scaled up with robotics platforms gain of function screens will be used to link defense phenotype with individual genes after prioritizing the defense hits for novel biology the major stages of predation that are inhibited can be observed by real time tracking of interactions between fluorescently tagged cells biochemical and genetic followups will pinpoint the exact mechanisms of defense proteomic transcriptomic and lipidomic methods will assess changes in bacterial and protozoan physiology overall this proposal addresses an important blindspot in the interactions of bacteria protozoa and phages and will reveal new aspects on how predatory interactions shape microbial ecosystems
3d printing of ultrafidelity tissues using space for antiageing solutions on earth

bioprinting in space is one of the novel promising and perspective research directions in the rapidly emerging field of biofabrication there are several advantages of bioprinting in space first under the conditions of microgravity it is possible to bioprint constructs employing more fluidic channels and thus more biocompatible bioinks second microgravity conditions enable 3d bioprinting of tissue and organ constructs of more complex geometries with voids cavities and tunnels third a novel scaffoldfree labelfree and nozzlefree technology based on multilevitation principles can be implemented under the condition of microgravity the ideal space bioprinters must be safe automated compact and user friendly thus there are no doubts that systematic exploration of 3d bioprinting in space will advance biofabrication and bioprinting technology per se vice versa 3d bioprinted tissues could be used to study pathophysiological biological phenomena when exposed to microgravity and cosmic radiation that will be useful on earth to understand ageing conditioning of tissues and in space for the crew of deep space manned missions in pulse we aim at developing a radical new bioprinting technology based on multiple levitation principles and to use space as an accelerator of ageing on earth as a proof of concept study we will use this newly developed bioprinting technology to create cardiac 3d in vitro models able to better mimic cardiac physiology compared to organoids we will use such models to study cardiac ageing and test the efficacy of antiinflammatory antioxidative drugs with antiageing potential
integrated conversion of nitrate and carbonate streams

iconic integrated conversion of nitrate and carbonate streams pursues the development of a new technology to remediate water ecosystems that have been polluted due to intense agriculture farming and co2 emissions using electrolysis to generate globally used chemicals in particular iconic seeks to convert damaging species responsible of eutrophication and ocean acidification namely nitrates and carbonates from seawater into urea the most important globally produced cn chemical powered by renewables this offers a path to closing the carbon and nitrogen cycles iconic proposes an integrated electrochemical approach demonstrating for the first time the coelectrolysis of carbonates and nitrates into urea selectively and industrial relevant currents from seawater using scalable prototypes our innovation stems on the accelerated discovery of new catalysts that based on noncritical raw materials activate and couple c and n species their bottomup synthesis and assembly into mesostructured electrodes to program reaction environments at high current densities and their implementation into membrane electrode assemblies all informed by operando characterizations that inform predictive models to guide in the rational design of the catalyst and system iconic leverages interdisciplinary expertise in the areas of chemistry electrochemistry materials science spectroscopies and engineering spanning all scales from catalyst design to systemlevel implementation iconics findings would also have positive impact on waterbased electrolysis with great decarbonization potential contributing to their potential operation using abundant seawater
chain expulsions syrian refugee returns from europe and lebanon chains

chain expulsions syrian refugee returns from europe and lebanon chains is an anthropological study of the spatial and temporal dimensions of a legal concept chainrefoulement in chainrefoulement individuals are sequentially forced across multiple countries borders without procedural safeguards exposing them to torture after expulsions and thus violating the nonrefoulement principle taking this human rights violation as its starting point chains examines how mobility control practices on flight routes towards the eu come to be entangled in expulsion corridors while global in nature chain expulsions are severely underresearched leaving open questions about actors consequences and solutions the dramatic increase of irregular departures of syrians since lebanons economic collapse in 2019 makes the cypruslebanonsyria corridor a timely case with relevance for entanglements of mobility control at northsouth and southsouth borders globally research into expulsion corridors breaks new theoretical grounds on mobility control as multiple state and nonstate actors interact on emerging scales imploding territorial assumptions in human rights law through mapping and observational interviews and online case studies the project generates insights into actors and trajectories in expulsion corridors these empirical insights render visible spatial transformations of state power that result in chain expulsions here chains innovates methods for research impact through the worlds first futures literacy lab with human right practitioners a participatory research intervention that elicits new pathways for the future
transnational histories of corruption in centralsoutheast europe 17501850

politicians scholars and popular writers between 1750 and 1850 routinely characterized southeastcentral europe as a corrupt political space a wide range of foreign observers portrayed graft nepotism and bribery as endemic indigenous critics echoed many of these assessments regional insiders and outsiders alike mobilized commentaries on corruption for their own political professional and personal ends claiming they could run more honest and efficient administrations military regimes and commercial operations than those in power these notables linked corruption to the regions supposed cultural backwardness and economic underdevelopment in doing so public figures naturalized notions of corruption making it appear both widespread and organic in the regionpopularizing tropes that have endured right down to the present yet corruption is a historically specific concept transcorr seeks to construct a history of the idea of corruption in centralsoutheast europe in conjunction with the rise of modernity it demonstrates how in the context of new ideas about modernity emanating from west europe regional leaders reframed a host of traditional customs and practices as corrupt it examines how great power attempts to transform these borderlands into formal and informal imperial provinces further entrenched novel understandings of corruption often pejoratively associating them with the ottoman legacy by tracing out this history transcorr reveals a genealogy of ideas discourses and attitudes that continue to inform analyses of and discussions within the region today the project brings the study of this geographic area into greater dialogue with a global story of modernization and aligns the regions historiography with new innovations in the scientific literature it also reframes contemporary debates on patronage and graft and reconfigures broader understandings of centerperiphery relations within the region and across the continent
multiscale incidence geometry

the erc cog project musing aims to make progress in several old problems in geometric measure theory gmt including vitushkins conjecture from the 60s and the furstenberg set conjecture proposed by wolff in the 90s both problems are related to sharpening and generalising some cornerstone results in gmt such as the projection theorems of besicovitch and marstrand recent work on these questions combines techniques from gmt additive combinatorics harmonic analysis and incidence geometry vitushkins conjecture is motivated by the painlev problem on finding a geometric characterisation for the removable singularities of bounded analytic functions the furstenberg conjecture has direct links to other key open problems in continuum incidence geometry such as falconers distance set problem and the erdösszemerdi sumproduct problem musing will tackle its problems with techniques from multiscale analysis and via the special case of ahlforsregular sets these sets are uniform at different scales and locations so they are particularly amenable to multiscale methods on the other hand progress in the ahlforsregular special cases can often be extended to more general sets via mechanisms such as the corona decompositions of david and semmes and the scale block decomposition technique devised by keleti and shmerkin in their work on falconers distance set problem apart from being a stepping stone on the way to general sets ahlforsregular sets also have great independent interest evidence is accumulating that incidence geometric problems may admit far stronger solutions for ahlforsregular sets than for general sets conclusive results of this type already exist for classes of dynamically generated sets notably selfsimilar sets due to the works of hochman shmerkin wu and others to what extent can these results be extended to ahlforsregular sets which share the spatial uniformity of selfsimilar sets but lack an underlying dynamical system
fireball luminosity applied to probe the meteoroid environment

with thousands of new asteroids and comets discovered each year the study addresses the consequences of their disintegration due to rotational fission collisions and cometary activity these processes yield meteoroids which upon entering earths atmosphere create a range of phenomena called meteors or fireballs in the case of large impacts as the number of space missions grows the threat posed by meteoroid impacts increases the objective of this research is directly relevant to safeguarding our current and future spacebased infrastructure aligning the project with european science priorities in the realm of cosmic exploration and earth surveillanceduring this project we will investigate the fireballs detected by modern digital camera networks such as fripon to estimate the risk of impact according to the meteoroid size given an area and a time interval this endeavor has started during my phd working on a small data set calibrating measurements obtained by the network in romania and devising new techniques in analyzing this type of data this work will shed light on the size of meteoroids which are able to generate fireballs by measuring the preentry mass and accounting for observational bias thus the results will improve the estimates of mass accreted by the earth better assess the space probes risk of colliding with different meteoroid populations leading to proper protection flame will also include a meteoroid mass forecast assigned to each meteor shower available as an open webbased service on the paris observatory imcce websitemoreover the researchs findings will finetune interdisciplinary methods like infrasound and seismic analyses to be crosscalibrated from the data obtained in this project in order to estimate the meteoroid impact energy ultimately by advancing our understanding of the meteoroid population this study will provide the data for a more effective space navigation and development
balancing adaptive cooperative technology

balance impairment affects a large proportion of the global population as a symptom of many neurological diseases and a consequence of advanced age methods to improve balance through rehabilitation or assistive devices are effective but are limited by the availability of physiotherapists or by the strength and agility of the patient while robotic assistive devices could augment mobility extensive training is often necessary to receive the full benefits balancingact will tackle this bottleneck by investigating methods to facilitate coadaptation of user and balance assistance providing personalized assistance directly targeting balance outcomes the gybar a gyroscopic backpack has improved standing and walking balance for both healthy and stroke populations but could benefit from targeted user training balancingact will address three main aspects of humanrobot coadaptation i will first examine existing datasets from healthy and patient populations to determine which balance metrics explain differences between populations providing a measure to gauge and optimize humanrobot coadaptation i will then probe methods to improve motor learning for a healthy population in a challenging task ie walking along a narrow beam exploration driven by the individual or by the device is a vital component of early learning i will conduct two experiments one to understand how selfguided exploration affects learning and one using humanintheloop optimization a method to customize assistance by directly estimating the users response to a variety of candidate controllers to determine the benefits of deviceled exploration this algorithm has previously elicited positive learning effects in exoskeletons and can also provide insight into the third aspect of coadaptation adapting the device to the user in the long term these results can be used to not only improve outcomes for the gybar but can also be generalized to other balance assistive devices
dark matter cusps and cores by violent relaxation

we address both the longstanding puzzle of the origin of a universal cusp in darkmatter dm halos and the challenge introduced by new observational indications for a dearth of central dm and flat cores in a certain fraction of the galaxies such dmdeficient cores are reported both in massive galaxies at high redshifts and in dwarf galaxies contrary to the expectations for a cusp based on current simulations within the standard lcdm cosmological scenario we propose to better understand the structural evolution of dm halos in response to drastic mass changes and the gravitational interplay between the dm and the baryons including inflows mergers tidal effects and outflows for this we will develop our analytic model cuspcore which would provide a unified framework for following the violent relaxation of a halo after it has been perturbed from an equilibrium configuration utilizing this framework we will work out a scenario for dmdeficient cores in highz massive galaxies via dm heating by dynamical friction on compact merging satellites followed by dm expansion in response to agndriven outflows the same framework will serve to generate cores in dwarf galaxies via supernova feedback and tidal stripping finally we will attempt to use this framework to understand the original universal cuspy profile of dm halos based on nonadiabatic growth success in modeling the violentrelaxation process in these circumstances will be crucial for meeting the immediate challenges to the standard cosmological model and it promises a general impact on other broad applications of galactic dynamics