Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
lightresponsive microalgal living materials

nature fabricates materials with remarkable properties having the ability to grow move and sense their environment such dynamic and interactive materials are in strong contrast with manmade synthetic materials recent scientific interest has emerged to incorporate living cells into materials to form living materials using most often muscle cells or bacteria while underexplored microalgaebased living materials are highly promising due to the lightdriven movement of microalgae the aim of this erc project is to develop the first microalgaebased photosynthetic living material with a dynamically lightcontrollable shape and with locally tuned mechanical properties the fabrication of lightresponsive microalgal living materials will be possible through novel fundamental knowledge that we will gain regarding the growth and motion of microalgae within a porous hydrogel although this constrained environment mimics one of the microalgae natural habitats soil we have limited understanding of the microalgae behaviour within such an environment we will first investigate how cells move within a porous environment and how they respond to light with the goal of using light for 3d patterning we will then explore how the hydrogelbased living material can be locally mechanically reinforced with cellsecreted polymers and finally how to harness the microalgae light response as a mean to create a soft actuator my independent research team uniquely combines expertise in microalgae cell biophysics and in engineered living materials and we are thus ideally positioned to take on the challenge of creating microalgaebased living materials dynamically controlled by light this erc project opens up a new class of materials with lifelike functionalities such as shape change and lightsensing which are likely to find wide applications from soft robots to photosynthetic devices
agnostic risk management for high impact low probability events

agile will design develop and apply a holistic methodological framework and practical tools for understanding assessing managing and communicating hilps events with a systemic risk and resilience perspective the project will combine and integrate a wide range of established and innovative methodologies into a novel and replicable multisectoral risk and resilience stress testing methodology to better understand systems theory lateral thinking strategic foresight machine learning anticipate scenario building tabletop exercises multicriteria decision analysis machine learning and manage resilience assessment capability development strategic training these approaches and services will be cocreated within a unique transdisciplinary consortium of research organisations ngos smes first responders and local and regional authorities the scalable and replicable methods will enable for the identification of common points of failure of critical societal functions in response to compounding low probability high impact threats as well as provide recommendations for both riskinformed system hardening and threatagnostic systemic recovery the project will ultimately improve the strategic and operational risk management capacities and capabilities of drm stakeholders on local regional and national level and thus strengthening the societal resilience to new and emerging risks in europe and beyond the project provides the means and the methodology to ensure a wide ranging impact of its results to not only improve the understanding anticipation and management of hilp risks and events but the direct and wideranging contribution to key european and international policy priorities and global challenges such as the eu disaster risk management policies in particular ucpm the european green deal priorities eu climate adaptation strategy as well as the eu security union strategy
in vivo metabolic imaging at low magnetic field

magnetic resonance imaging mri is an excellent technique for medical diagnosis nonetheless people from rural areas and lowincome countries cannot access mri due to its high associated cost in recent years lowfield mri has emerged as a potential solution to increase access to mri but at the cost of reduced signal sensitivity this is a limiting factor in terms of resolution traceable quantities of metabolites and early detection of tumor tissuein this context hyperpolarization hp has emerged as the most promising technique to compensate for the sensitivity losses at low magnetic fields hp can enhance signal intensity by 10000 times providing enough signal to image even species at low concentrations such as metabolites internalized by cancer cells here the first in vivo metabolic imaging methodology with hyperpolarization at low magnetic fields is proposed the project involves the development of 1h and hp 13c mri at low field the study of enzymatic conversion from hp pyruvate to other metabolites and in vivo metabolic tumor imaging in mice parahydrogeninduced polarization phip will be used to generate the hp contrast agent phip offers several advantages including low costs low instrumentation demands rapid highthroughput and scalable production of hp agents in the liquid statethe combination of lowfield mri with phip 13c has the potential to provide a method for early cancer detection in a lowcost scanner
optimality and resetting investigation on nonequilibrium

orion project optimality resetting investigation on nonequilibrium poses three different problems relevant at both the fundamental and applied level apart from their independent relevance the solution of all three problems will serve to a greater purpose providing a solid basis for the innovative use of optimal control theory to push the boundaries of knowledge within the general field of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics this action will involve the integration of the researcher in the very active group of interdisciplinary and nonequilibrium physics fine at university of seville with a strong background on the theory of mesoscopic systemseg colloidal particles for which fluctuations are important and the dynamics is thus stochastic more specifically the research objectives of orion splits into i the generalization of optimal control theory to connecting nonequilibrium steady states ii the optimization of stochastic heat engines and iii the minimization of first passage time in resetting systems with stochastic return the achievement of these objectives will provide not only specific answers to pertinent questions for the above hot topics in the field but also shed light on the future of investigation on nonequilibrium systems remarkably the impact of our research transcends the purely theoretical interest focusing on problems with future technological potential like the optimization of nanodevicesmaximizing their power andor efficiency
selfreferenced xuv transient reflectivity spectroscopy attosecond electron dynamics of 2d layered materials

the research and development of novel layered and 2d materials is at the center of a focused interest in the material sciences the large photon coupling of their excitonic excitations and their varying degrees of localization control over coupling to other degrees of freedom as well as novel spin and momentumdependent properties arising from symmetry and topology have made 2d materials a desirable platform for the development of new applications ranging from new photovoltaic and optoelectronical devices to spintronic and quantum ie coherent data transport and storage devices since the coupling of electronic states to other material degrees of freedom eg lattice excitonic or spinpolarized states might lead to desired or undesired behavior in these materials powerful timeresolved experimental methods are needed to disentangle and understand their electron dynamics and achieve the implementation of the desired applications the ultrashort timescales that govern electron dynamics warrant the application of novel methods such as xuv transient absorption xtas or xuv transient reflectivity spectroscopy xtrs which achieve temporal resolutions on the natural timescale of electronic motion ie attosecond timescales timeresolved corelevel spectroscopy using attosecond pulses from high harmonic generation hhg offers intriguing opportunities to study the electron dynamics with high energyresolution and unprecedented temporalresolution with elementspecific insight into the materials bandstructurethe major goal of this proposed work is the advancement of xtrs and its application to study excitations in layered materials down to the fewlayer limit a novel interferometric and heterodyne approach to overcome existing limitations of xtrs will be developed and applied to a series of materials where time resolved studies will lead to desirable insight into the ultrafast coupled dynamics of carriers excitons their spin and the lattice
the first energy and costefficient disruptive zld technology for dredged material management allowing circular economy and zero pollution

dredging is an essential activity to maintain maritime and river routes coastal protection to flooding among others every year over 2 bm3 of sediments are dredged around the world 2040 of which are highly polluted and must be treated before being disposed to landfill as current treatment and separation technologies do not allow to costefficiently valorise the water and the solids from this dredged material water challenge has developed and patented the first energyefficient truly zero liquid discharge zld technology able to separate 100 of dredged material into fresh water and crystalized solids in one step without chemicals and with very low energy consumption 20 kwhm3the aim of this project is to develop a pilot plant of 10 m3day of capacity to separate and valorise the water and solids from dredged materials this plant will be pivotal to showcase the technology and business model before scaling it and replicating it around europe
controlling colloidal gels for novel sustainable materials

transformative advances in product formulation are required to meet the demand for sustainability across a wide range of eupriority industrial areas colloidal gels complex outofequilibrium soft matter systems are core components in many of the formulations encountered therein including building materials eg cement energy materials eg batteries and fuel cells consumer care and food products and medicine current industrial practice requires delicate balancing between thermodynamic parameters composition and interactions quenching kinetics and processing conditions to achieve gel structures with the desired material performance eg mechanical thermal or electrical properties without a robust physical understanding of how the microstructure can be controlled and how this links to material properties this balancing remains limited to trial and error recent advances in colloidalgel physics strongly imply that the rational design of colloidal gel properties is within reach this design is based on tuning gel microstructure via external stimuli such as shear ultrasound and magneticelectric fields and the addition of nonbrownian inclusions the cocogel doctoral network will enable the translation from the current academic state of the art to industrial practice focusing on these routes to controlling microstructure we will bring together 6 academic and 6 industrial partners experts in a range of experimental computational and theoretical techniques who can realize the creation of new sustainable materials and production processes via these routes key to the success of our industrial doctoral training network is a deepening and extending of existing collaborations as well as the training of a new generation of researchers with both multidisciplinary expertise in soft materials and practical experience engaging with industry these will drive further sustainable development over a wide range of european industries
better contrails mitigation

aviation contributes to about 5 of the total anthropogenic climate change when including nonco2 effects eg contrail formation and the impact of nox emissions on ozone and methane among various nonco2 effects the contrailcirrus radiative forcing is the largest 23 with large uncertainties the most critical affecting factor is the huge weatherinduced variability of the radiative impact of individual contrails this is the quantity becom will predict better since the knowledge of the individual radiative forcing is the basis for avoidance of just those contrails that contribute most to the overall climate impact once this is standard it will be possible to formulate adequate mitigation measures and develop policydriven implementation schemes becom will address the uncertainties related to the forecasting of persistent contrails and their weatherdependent individual radiative effects becom focuses on 1 obtaining a larger and higher resolution database of relative humidity and ice supersaturation at cruise levels for assimilation into numerical weather prediction nwp models 2 providing more adequate representation of ice clouds in their supersaturated environment in the nwp models and 3 validation of the predictions to determine and reduce the remaining uncertainties of contrail forecasts to facilitate the assimilation and validation process becom will develop a novel hybrid artificial intelligence algorithm based on the contrail prediction becom will develop a policy framework for effective contrail avoidance through a trajectory optimization approach becom will enable a better understanding of contrails climate impact and formulate recommendations on how to implement strategies to enable air traffic management to reduce aviations climate impact the becom consortium builds on its knowledge and expertise covering a wide spectrum from atmospheric science and climate research to aviation operations research and policy development
naturecolours natural colours delivered by yeast fermentation

colour is an essential characteristic of food associated with quality freshness and taste perception natural and synthetic food dyesare added to processed foods to enhance or correct variations and give an expected colour to colourless foods such as soft drinks orcandies many synthetic colours cause hyperactivity in children trigger hypersensitivity reactions and some are carcinogenic in animalstudies natural colours do not have such adverse effects and are even healthpromoting while natural colours are in high demandtheir natural sources are limitedthe goal of naturecolours project is to create a novel technology for making natural colours by yeast fermentation the projectwill bring a pallet of natural colours with healthbeneficial effects to the consumer create new industrial processes and new jobs ineurope and contribute to the sustainable bioeconomy
modeling and reduction of aeroacoustics sources of interaction noise in aviation

the target of climateneutral aviation has led to a strong increase in the size of new propulsion systems resulting in their lowered distance to the airframe components this causes new aerodynamic interactions with heavy distortion of the turbulent flow determining unpredictable sources of noise mitigating this interaction noise would allow to deploy radically new aircraft configurations capable of reducing up to 20 of the current aviation emissionswhile studies from literature have tried to correct discrepancies larger than 10 db from acoustic predictions by aposteriori tuning the models to very specific flow patterns recent results from my team have shed light on the physics behind the unpredictability of these noise sources results hinted that the geometrical deformation of the turbulent flow from its original pattern might explain the origin of interaction noiseto solve this puzzle with morasina i aim at first understanding how the flow and the turbulence are distorted in archetypal interactions between rotating and stationary aerodynamic objects my objective is to discover the unknown mathematical formulation to model this distortion mechanism and to use it to create the first holistic acoustic model for predictions of interaction noiseby innovatively describing the interaction mechanisms with mathematical functions related to the geometrical distortion of the flow i will find an answer to whether different flow fields can be assimilated in a unique fundamental flow pattern with this knowledge i will create the first acoustic model based on a mathematical flow twin to accurately predict interaction noisefor maximum impact on the society i will extend the model to equipollent interaction mechanisms with a neural network approach trained on the results allowing the use of the prediction framework for reducing interaction noise in the design of the next generation of zeroemission and silent aircraft
rapid programmable photonic integrated circuits

photonic integrated circuits enable trapping of photons the fundamental particles of light in a waveguide on a chip to allow their manipulation similar to electrons in classical integrated circuits while photonic circuits offer superior performance in speed and energy efficiency their application in computing has so far been limited by their programmability electronic integrated circuits are based on transistors that until recently have become both smaller and more energyefficient according to moores law photonic circuits on the other hand are controlled through phase modulators that typically rely on the same materials used in the electronic industry but suffer from fundamental limitations which so far have hindered the implementation of dedicated scalable photonic computing hardware we propose to explore an innovative and efficient phase modulation technology utilizing the novel material platform of atomically thin semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides that promises to outperform conventional technologies in all key performance metrics including energy consumption modulation efficiency and optical losses one promising integrated photonics platform to host these novel devices is represented by laserwritten waveguides that allow for a rapid design cycle thereby drastically reducing timescales provided by conventional semiconductor foundries this erc proof of concept project aims at leveraging atomically thin semiconductors to implement programmable photonic integrated circuitry
community ocean farms and local business clusters

coastal and terrestrial fisheries communities in europe often economically marginalised are likely to face severe impacts as climate change becomes more acute although progress on climate mitigation and adaptation from national governments remains slow local development actions can also address these impacts from the bottom up transformation to a postcarbon society undoubtedly requires additional targeted support and extensive educational activities at the local level the primary objective of cool blue is to create frameworks for communities to selforganise and rediscover healthy lowimpact seafood this healthy beautiful tasty food simultaneously revitalises ecosystems while bringing communities closer together creating resilient selfsufficient and selfsustaining socioecological systems which can withstand emerging global threats such as climate and demographic change the cool blue project will create a northern european network of communityled initiatives in the baltic and north sea basins this network will facilitate closer collaboration between regions combining efforts across parallel projects and initiatives eg prep4blue bluemissionbanos while accelerating the development of commercially selfsustaining lowimpact inclusive ocean farming systems in line with the mission work programme to contribute to the recovery of our ocean and waters by 2030
subchromosomal regulation of mitotic transcription inhibition

chromosome condensation during mitosis has long been assumed to render mitotic chromatin incompatible with transcription however recent evidence shows that some chromosomal regions eg centromeres some genes are transcribed in mitosis these findings imply that mitotic transcription inhibition mti is not a global event along the entire chromosome instead i propose that mitotic transcriptional silencing is spatially regulated allowing specific loci to evade mti and maintain their transcriptiontesting this novel hypothesis is challenging due to our poor understanding of the mechanisms driving mti additionally commonly used techniques to study transcription eg genomewide approaches provide snapshots of the process but lack temporal resolution to dissect fast changes in transcription with subscript i will implement an advanced imaging tool in live cells to uncover the dynamics of ongoing transcription throughout mitosis for selected loci i will apply this approach to selected genes to test how transcription regulation in mitosis varies depending on gene architectureidentity in parallel i will make use of a putative mti factor my preliminary observations to manipulate the transcriptional state of selected genes during mitosis both strategies will capitalize on my vast expertise in dcas9 use for chromosome targeting which i will further exploit to imaging rnas dcas13 ongoing work in the host lab on chromosome assembly and novel mechanisms that drive mti provides an excellent environment for project implementationthe completion of this project will uncover how different genes display unique kinetics of transcriptional regulation during mitosis and how mti is regulated at the subchromosomal level challenging current views on how mitotic transcription shutdown occurs it will also provide novel tools and concepts to explore how mti can actively impact mitotic fidelity transcriptional control cell physiology and potentially disease
timeevolving stochastic manifolds

uncertainty is all around us and caused for example by the nature of a problem as in quantum mechanics the lack of our precise knowledge as in porous media or inaccuracies in measurements as in experiments with imperfect equipment while traditionally and due to the lack of computing power science and technology relied on deterministic models recent developments allow to include randomness this trend requires efficient simulation methods for models with uncertainty in spacetime problems such as moving biological cells and the surface of the ocean the randomness could be modeled by a stochastic process given explicitly or described by stochastic pdes fast and accurate methods for sampling the stochastic processes are the key when computing statistical quantities of the advanced modelsthe main contribution of the project is the development of a theoretical framework for evolving stochastic manifolds and their efficient simulation with analyzed algorithms special emphasis is paid to the situation when the evolving stochastic manifold is a moving surface disturbed by external forces and described by stochastic pdes the main steps of the project are divided into three objectives obj a from random fields on manifolds to stochastic manifolds obj b from stochastic processes to evolving stochastic manifolds obj c solving pdes on stochastic manifoldsthe challenges are tackled based on recent advances in the simulation of gaussian random fields on manifolds and their analysis obtained by the research team of the pi this new breakthrough paves the way for the development of sampling methods for stochastic processes on manifolds and ultimately to evolving stochastic manifoldsto reach these goals the pis research group is complemented by specialists in geometric numerical integration numerical methods for stochastic pdes and spatial statistics