Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
the praxis of coexistence a comparative and inductive approach to the challenges of diversity

the world is experiencing what many have described as a crisis of multiculturalism over the past decade growing and increasingly mainstream voices have declared multiculturalism to have failed in such places as europe the united states india israel to name a few in view of growing concerns over the ineffectiveness of current coexistence policies and brewing ethnoreligious conflicts this research program will address this issue by taking a comparative approach to the question of ethnoreligious coexistence in multiple sites by examining cases of ordinary coexistence in situations of religious and ethnic diversity the research seeks to understand how coexistence is actually practiced the praxis of coexistence seeks to open an entirely new empirical inductive and comparative line of inquiry that does not seek to examine the effects of different policies on coexistence but rather looks at coexistence practices to among other things achieve better policy understanding how people handle diversity spontaneously will enlighten us about what they expect what they are looking for in coexistence i ask how do communities accommodate difference in spontaneous and culturally resonant ways what resources do they actually draw on to maintain civil relations and avoid conflict and violence between the different religious and ethnic groups that cohabit the same space this project will open theoretical and normative space for a broader range of approaches to coexistence ones that are attuned to questions of deep difference divergent worldviews and diverse values in contrast to studies on the effects of policy or structural conditions on the dynamics of coexistence this project will demonstrate why we should also take culture and existing practice seriously when considering the dilemmas of diversity
clear cell envelope antibacterials

the discovery of penicillin initiated the antibiotic era and saved millions from dying of lifethreatening bacterial infections such as tuberculosis sepsis and pneumonia penicillin kills bacteria by inhibiting synthesis of peptidoglycan an important structure of the bacterial cell envelope still today antibiotics targeting the bacterial cell envelope are the most widely used antibiotics in the world unfortunately resistance to these superior antibiotics is becoming highly prevalent and antibioticresistant bacteria represent one of the greatest threats to human health and development today in the clear cell envelope antibacterials training network worldleading researchers from academia have gathered with clinicians and 4 highly relevant sme partners to train a new generation of excellent european scientists in finding novel solutions for targeting the cell envelope of bacteria who know how findings in academia generate assets to smes and who could bring novel antimicrobial solutions to the market the proposed research program builds on unique findings of the project partners that allow us to take up innovative and yet feasible approaches 1 to identify novel targets in the cell envelope and to evaluate the lead structure potential of novel agents acting on the cell envelope 2 to resensitize resistant bacteria to existing cell wall antibiotics 3 and to explore novel therapies acting via the cell envelope impacts of this proposal are the reuse of safe and cheap antibiotics and the drugs already approved for treatment of other diseases as novel antimicrobials the training program combines a broad range of scientific disciplines such as molecular biology biochemistry structural biology screening technologies preclinical testing with complementary courses in innovation market potential and business strategies ensuring that the 10 phds will be highly competitive for both top european research institutions and the pharmabiotech job market
cellular and molecular mechanisms of pancreatic betacell adaptation to pregnancy in large mammals

pregnancy is characterized by the development of maternal insulin resistance and increased hepatic glucose production to provide sufficient glucose to be used as nutrient by the developing fetus the maternal insulinproducing betacells expand to counterbalance the increased glucose levels and failure of this process can lead to development of gestational diabetes which has great health implications for both the mother and the developing fetus yet our knowledge on the mechanisms behind the pregnancyinduced betacell expansion in humans is limited to address this knowledge gap in the betappreg project i will use the pig model as an ideal surrogate large mammal to study the mechanisms and identify physiological drivers of pregnancyinduced betacell expansion first i will identify the extent and the different cellular mechanisms of betacell adaptation in the porcine pancreas over the three trimesters of gestational time 114 days by histological analysis to reveal the physiological candidates of betacell adaptation i will perform untargeted metabolomics coupled with proteomics analysis of serum and pancreas at sequential temporal windows during gestation this analysis will point to the significantly changed metabolites and growth factors that can be potentially involved in betacell expansion i will perform a smallscale metabolitegrowth factor screen in isolated neonatal porcine islets with the most regulated factors to causatively link the metabolitesgrowth factors stimulating betacell expansion the most promising candidates will be then tested in isolated human islets and humanderived ductal organoids to assess their translational potential as betacell proliferationdifferentiation inducers and human therapeutics overall the proposed project will greatly advance our understanding of betacell adaptation during pregnancy in large mammals and provide novel therapeutic candidates for gestational diabetes treatment
interdisciplinary marie skodowskacurie action for health

the last decades are characterised by great breakthroughs in the understanding diagnosing and treating of many diseases as fields advance researchers are increasingly challenged to merge domains in order to tackle complex healthrelated societal issues thus the next generation of researchers require strong collaboration skills and abilities to integrate knowledge from other disciplines into their research efforts despite this formalised interdisciplinary research training falls short interact is an interdisciplinary doctoral programme with the goal of inspiring and enabling fellows working seamless across stem disciplines to advance health solutions in the fields of cancer and neurological diseases fellows will work on original phd projects bridging across biologybiomedicine to chemistry physics or engineering we will also include science didactic research on interdisciplinary education at graduate level interacts main goals are 1 to create a model for structured convergence science training in denmark 2 to discover methodologies and approaches supporting interdisciplinary stem research and 3 to nurture fellows entrepreneurial and transversal skills important for their future intersectoral career optionswe will recruit 66 international fellows over three cohorts at two implementing partner organizations the university of copenhagen and the technical university of denmark ensuring fellow diversity through unbiased transparent and meritbased selection selected fellows will be jointly supervised by an interdisciplinary supervisor team will undertake international secondments obtain transferable skills training and career activities provided by othersector partners interact will be one of the first european doctoral programmes on convergence science strengthening europes role at the forefront of interdisciplinary and intersectoral research training with potential to solve complex unmet health needs
emotional dynamics of protective policies in an age of insecurity

protemo investigates the emotional connection between the state and individuals the focus is on protective policies and their consequences for individuals groups of citizens and noncitizens as well as for democracy political participation and mobilisation such policies and the emotional dynamics related to them increasingly dominate politics in the current age of insecurity fear anger pride and hope are only some of the emotions that are often involved in political interactions and sometimes with important consequences as events such as the yellow vest protests illustrate protemo asks 1 how do political actors perceive and influence the emotional needs of citizens and noncitizens and how does this play out in the policy process 2 what emotional reactions judgements and actions elicit protective policies among individuals and publics in society 3 how do citizens emotional reactions feed back on the policy process answering these questions allows us to study emotional responsiveness a crucial yet neglected aspect of representative democracyto do so we will field a representative survey of 11 countries design experiments make focused comparisons of a smaller range of specific policies eg pandemic responses climate change and conduct several deep dives where we investigate how underprivileged citizens migrant women of color and refugees from ukraine form emotional needs towards protection and build discursive spaces to articulate them in the public sphere bringing together perceptions of emotions by political actors and emotional reactions of citizens and noncitizens to protective policies with an analysis of the emotionality of the policy process toward protective policies allows us to contribute to a broader debate on the future of representative democracy and affective citizenship protemos results will lead to improved eu policymaking and enhanced communication of evidencebased policies
personalised blueprint intestinal health

the miguthealth consortium aims to develop a personalized blueprint of intestinal health to predict and prevent inflammatory bowel disease the overall goal is to deliver interdisciplinary solutions molecular nutritional ehealth and patient engagementempowerment level for health promotion and disease prevention that would enable active patient engagement in health and selfcare management taking on this mission miguthealth pursues the following strategic goals to integrate stateoftheart omics molecular clinical nutrition social and environmental for identification of actionable biomarkers risk and health promoting factors linked to healthtodisease transition in the general population ibd high risk persons as well as ibd patients to perform systemslevel analyses of chronic inflammation by applying integrative models from omics and clinical data to predict risk for healthtodisease transition in ibd to perform a proofofconcept controlled clinical trial studying a nutrient elimination diet here glutenfree diet and its impact on intestinal inflammation in ibd patients and highrisk individuals to exploit the impact of microbiomederived dietassociated metabolites on gut inflammation reversion and restoration of barrier integrity and function using an innovative coculture system of primary human intestinal organoids and sorted immune cell subsets to develop and apply novel technologies sensors mobile apps to dynamically monitor individual nutrition as well as physical activity and principal health status to implement a patientcentered approach for personalized health and selfcare engagement targeted at ibd patients individuals at risk for ibd and the general population as well as tools for healthcare professionals
plasmodium exploitation of liverspecific methionine metabolism

malaria remains the most serious parasitic infectious disease killing one child every two minutes plasmodium infection starts when the female anopheles mosquito injects sporozoites into the skin of the vertebrate host all plasmodium species go through a phase of replication inside nucleated cells prior to infecting red blood cells and causing malaria however only mammalianinfectious parasites target the liver and replicate inside hepatocytes at an extraordinary rate to generate tens of thousands of erythrocyteinfectious merozoites avian and reptile malaria parasites in contrast infect macrophages near the bite site and differentiate into only dozens of erythrocyteinfectious merozoites the reason behind the high replication rate achieved by mammalianinfectious parasites inside hepatocytes key to guarantee the establishment of infection by overcoming the bottleneck of malaria transmission caused by a low sporozoite inoculum remains utterly unexplored the hypothesizes of this proposal is that the explanation for this lies in the uniqueness of the mammalian hepatic methionine metabolism bestowed by the mammalian liverspecific methionine adenosyltransferase mat1 enzyme and its capacity for generating unlimited amounts of sadenosylmethionine in agreement with this hypothesis preliminary data show that plasmodiums high replication rate inside hepatocytes relies on the host liverspecific mat1 by using a combination of genetic cellular and molecular approaches i will decipher how the liverspecific methionine metabolism present in hepatocytes is hijacked and used by the parasite to achieve such high replication rates and assess the competence of the liverspecific mat1 in sustaining plasmodium replication this proposal has the potential to establish a novel paradigm on how the environment and the resources provided by the host have evolutionarily influenced plasmodiums life cycle and will pave the way for new therapeutic targets against malaria
lower thz radio propagation channel sounding parameter estimation and modeling towards 6g and beyond

the new lower thz band from 100 ghz to 1 thz is considered as a candidate for 6g and beyond systems towards 2030 that require even larger system bandwidths as wireless systems must be designed with constraints set by the radio propagation channels understanding the lower thz channel characteristics is essential for realistic system design and performance analysis of communication positioning and sensing operating at this band however they are almost remaining unknown with a few works reported due to challenges in channel sounder development lowcost highresolution parameter estimation hrpe and establishing comprehensive and realistic 6gcompatible channel models the applicant will address these challenges with professor fredrik tufvesson a worldleading researcher in channel measurements and characterization at the host lund university the applicant collaborating with experts in the host and secondment groups will introduce basic theory and technology breakthroughs to explore the new lower thz band which include 1 a novel realtime channel sounder 2 a generic hrpe algorithm and 3 spatially consistent channel models the project will result in at least four peerreviewed journal papers four conference papers and related presentations and other broader dissemination communication and exploitation activitiesundertaking the formal research and training activities the applicant will achieve an excellent scientific profile in radio propagation experienced skills in teaching supervision fundraising and management and enhanced research network this enables him to develop into an independent and leading researcher and realize his career plan within academia the project also contributes to europes digital decade a vision and avenues presented by the commission in march 2021 for europes digital transformation by 2030 by facilitating an efficient lowcost credible better and timely development of 6g and beyond wireless systems
automated synthesis of stochastic cyberphysical systems a robust approach

cyberphysical systems cps are complex systems with tight interactions between cyber elements and physical components the cyber elements are control algorithms implemented by computerbased software developing the embedded control software for cps is currently ad hoc and errorprone which has created costly undesired behaviours particularly in safetycritical applications examples of such undesired behaviours include frequency deviation in power networks causing outages or blackouts eg in jan 2021 in eu affecting 200k households crash of airplanes due to software bugs boeing 737 max costs 159 billion euros or autonomous cars having software bugs toyota recalled 65000 cars in 2015 nowadays most of the costs of cps design is spent on ensuring that the system meets all the requirements especially when it is working in uncertain conditions in order to design reliable cps and to reduce the costs of such a design i propose a novel robust synthesis approach that computes automatically the control software from highlevel requirements this novel approach creates a paradigm shift in cps design as it computes control software in a pushbutton manner and eliminates timeconsuming costly postvalidation steps the approach tackles the cps complexity by developing new abstraction techniques that are compositional and robust to model uncertainties which will be integrated in a unified framework for automating the design of the control software this synthesis paradigm is founded on novel compositional similarity relations with coupled uncertainties and coupled computations on abstract models my project is highrisk because it requires merging and rethinking different design methodologies from multiple disciplines including control theory computer science and probability theory it is highgain since it will transform the design principles of cps to enable designing largescale yet reliable and safe cps working autonomously in uncertain conditions
comprehending human action using social networks

this proposal consists of three interconnected projects that study how social networks shape the behavior of 1 scientists 2 politicians and 3 citizens by using the structure of networks for identificationthe first project investigates how social media networks shape knowledge production in academia through a comprehensive dataset of economists and their twitter activity the project provides insights into the information acquisition process of scientists and how scientists networks impact the direction of science the project will examine the causal effect of social media usage on research output collaboration citation patterns and careers moreover the project will highlight inefficiencies in the scientific process that arise through scientific fads and herd behaviorthe second project will generate some of the first largescale empirical analyses of the role of congressional staffers in the policymaking process based on comprehensive data on congressional staffers their networks and the activities of congress members the project will generate pathbreaking insights into the impact of staffers on congressional voting behavior as well as policy priorities the project will isolate the effect of staffers using a networkbased identification strategy that leverages the educational ties of staffers in this way the research project will break new ground in the field of political economy by opening the black box of the policymaking processthe third project focuses on the political effects of social media and the effectiveness of algorithmic interventions by investigating the impact of sharing limits on the social media platform whatsapp the project will analyze how this change to information flows on a network affects conflict events believes and election results in the worlds largest democracy india the research project thereby addresses a gap in the field of social media research by shedding light on an oftenproposed policy intervention
the molecular and developmental bases of iridescent feathers

iridescent structural colors produce some of the most vibrant colors in nature particularly in birds such as throats of many hummingbirds these colors are produced by interactions between light and organic structures such that optical effects from the nanoscale arrangement of melanincontaining organelles called melanosomes within bird feather barbules produces color variation uniquely to birds these melanosomes can take four distinct forms i rods rodshaped and solid ii hollow rods rodshaped and hollow iii platelets flat and solid and iv hollow platelets flat and hollow while their importance for production of colour variation is well explored how these unusual melanosomes form during feather development in nearly unknown in the molecular and developmental bases of iridescent feathers project modeif project i propose a developmental genetics approach to identify developmental and molecular pathways by which melanosomes achieve hollowness and flatness to explore hollowness i will test two hypotheses the phaeomelanincore hypothesis and the airfilledcore hypothesis to explore flatness i will test the hypothesis that the premelanosome structural organizational gene pmel enables the development of flat melanosomes by providing scaffolding for pigment deposition comparative transcriptomics and concurrent elucidation of the physical processes via electron microscopy will greatly improve our understanding of the mechanisms of development of these unusual melanosomes finally i will focus on whether melanosome shape and nanostructuring are developmentally constrained for other colors once a species evolves iridescent coloration understanding the molecular basis of iridescent feather development is vital for comprehending its evolution furthermore insights into melanosomes optical packing could inspire innovative synthetic color production techniques
minimally invasive endoscopes for neuronal activity monimagingassisted singlecell specific activity monitoring and optogenetic stimulation of deep brain structures in motile and awaken animal models

severe neuronal disorders such as dementia affect more than 1 billion people globally and account for economic burden far exceeding that of cancer our only chance of treating dementia is improving our understanding of how brains function at diverse levels of complexity this will only be possible through better technologies which already reflects in synchronised actions worldwide such as the us brain initiative and eu human brain project the origin erc project lifegate has developed minimally invasive hairthin endoscopes for advanced applications in neuroscience and brought about a solid route to their commercial outreach the instruments rely on stateoftheart digital holographic methods combined with highperformance computing they offer uniquely detailed observations in unprecedented depths of living yet anaesthetized animal models making them particularly suitable to studies of connectivity of neuronal cells inside their natural environment this proposal entitled wokegate represents a powerful extension of this concept enabling imaginginformed singlecell specific activity monitoring and control of deep neuronal circuits in fully awake and behaving animals the prospect is centred around a novel m3cf fibre probes which emerged within the origin erc project lifegate outside its proposed research agenda the project aims for i necessary technological amendments to incorporate this opportunity into the holographic endoscope geometries ii a direct verification of this prospect in invivo studies through the network of existing research partners and iii paving the way for commercial translation of such empowered scientific instrumentation successful acquisition and execution of the wokegate will enable future perspectives of this promising technology through new opportunities such as the eic accelerator grant