Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
era chair in multidisciplinary area studies

the proposed project eraareas establishes the center for multidisciplinary area studies cemas at the faculty of arts charles university prague cufa under the leadership of an outstanding academic prof mariana llanos eraareas will assemble an excellent multidisciplinary and international research group analyzing the causes and consequences of critical contemporary developments in noneuropean global regions and eastern europe the project fosters international collaboration and enhances cufas research landscape as one of the leading institutions for social science and humanities research in the widening countries prof llanos extensive experience and network will attract toptier researchers invigorating area studies and fostering excellent international research building on multidisciplinarity and a methodologically innovative comparative framework it aims to integrate the disjointed socialscientific and linguisticcultural approaches to area studies in terms of both organization and research cufas global appeal will be amplified through institutional reforms expanded training opportunities and robust networking initiatives eraareas aligns with eu and national strategies enhancing cufas ability to analyze global trends fortify societal resilience against security challenges inform public debates on noneuropean contemporary critical developments through expert knowledge and provide policyrelevant research results for key stakeholders involved in decisionmaking about responses to critical developments around the world leveraging untapped funding potential by strengthening cufas project management and administration the project ensures cemass sustainability bolstering cemas impact beyond the projects duration eraareas will spur the transmission of best organizational and research practices from established area studies research institutions to the widening countries reducing the apparent gap in research excellence
promoting disaster preparedness and resilience by codeveloping stakeholder support tools for managing the systemic risk of compounding disasters

the ongoing pandemic and climate crisis have taught us hard lessons about the systemic impact of compounding disasters stakeholders in disaster risk management are faced with the challenge to adapt their risk reduction policies and emergency plans but lack the tools to account for the crosssectoral impacts and dynamic nature of the risks involved the paratus project aims to fill this gap by developing an opensource platform for dynamic risk assessment that allows to analyse and evaluate multihazard impact chains risk reduction measures and disaster response scenarios in the light of systemic vulnerabilities and uncertainties these services will be cocreated within a unique transdisciplinary consortium of research organisations ngos smes first and second responders and local and regional authorities to gain a deeper understanding of multihazard impact chains paratus will first conduct forensic analysis on historical disaster events augment historical disaster databases with hazard interactions and sectorial impacts and exploit remote sensing data with artificial intelligence methods building on these insights paratus will then develop new exposure and vulnerability analysis methods that enable systemic risk assessment across sectors eg humanitarian transportation communication and geographic settings eg islands mountains megacities these methods will be used to analyse risk changes across space and time and to develop new scenarios and risk mitigation options together with stakeholders using innovative serious games and social simulations the results will be hosted on two stakeholder hubs related to crisis management and humanitarian relief and provide stakeholders with a range of tools for risk reduction planning in dynamic multihazard environments the serviceoriented approach with active stakeholder involvement will maximise uptake and impact of the project and help to increase europes resilience to compounding disasters
strengthening computational biodiversity research in greece

this era chair proposal has two objectives 1 to set up an interdisciplinary and internationally visible biodiversity computing group bcg at the institute of computer science at the foundation for research and technology hellas icsforth the bcl shall substantially and sustainably strengthen computational biodiversity research and research on computational methods for disentangling molecular evolution in crete with a spillover effect to greece this is motivated by the fact that computational biodiversity research is currently substantially underdeveloped in greece while the area has been recognized as a biodiversity hotspot due to its high levels of spatial temporal and habitat heterogeneity as well as complex geological and climatic history since the late tertiary with an exceptionally high percentage of endemism particularly so on the island of crete it shall generate excellent research outputs with an emphasis on the quality of scientific articles but explicitly not quantity as well as usable and welldocumented open source software for biodiversity computing this will contribute to knowledge generation in the area of computational biodiversity research at a global scale 2 the era chair shall furthermore attract excellent students and researchers from greece and abroad to be trained at and to collaborate with bcg thus the project contributes to foster brain gain and to prevent brain drain at icsforth this is crucial as currently still too many excellent students leave greece for a phd abroad and too few of them return also too few international scientists move to greece from abroad
co2 removal the technopolitics of negative emissions technologies

the project analyzes the technopolitics of negative emissions technologies nets in global climate action it is a sociological project inspired by interdisciplinary approaches from science and technology studies nets should mitigate global heating by removing co2 from the atmosphere they not only offset residual emissions to achieve netzero but promise to contribute to netnegative emissions by removing enough co2 from the atmosphere to reduce warming to 15 or 2c after a temperature overshoot though many nets are not yet fully developed prohibitively costly and hard to scale up they already figure prominently in climate scenarios by the intergovernmental panel on climate change ipcc this tension between assigned role and current reality of nets calls for an inquiry that looks at nets as sociotechnical imaginaries jassanoff that shape and are shaped by imagined futures beckert drawing on qualitative social research methods the project will in a first step look at the framing of nets in climate scenarios and ask if and how they justify the delay of climate action in a second step the project will analyze the development of nets in oil and gas companies it will ask how nets allow the companies to envision a future where they can continue their current business model despite stricter climate regulation the project will thus analyze how the mutual reinforcement between calculative devices scenarios and technical devices nets turn nets into attractive climate action options the technopolitics lens the project adopts stresses that these seemingly innocuous devices embody and effectuate political stances that have significant consequences for the direction of climate politics this perspective helps to engender a reflexive discussion on nets that not only narrowly focuses on the costefficiency of carbon removal but also on their effectivity for climate mitigation and their potential contribution to questions of equity
the microlevel effects of civil wars on multiple dimensions of womens empowerment

wareffects aims to advance a systematic nuanced and rigorous understanding of how civil wars affect womens social and political empowerment at the local level recent quantitative research suggests that civil wars promote womens political representation but these accounts reflect countrylevel aggregate measures and often focus on a minority of political elite women thus they do not inform us how subnational and individuallevel variation in civil war experiences affect the majority of nonelite women at the local level to address this challenge i propose a novel theoretical framework that simultaneously explores the effects of civil wars on i multiple dimensions of womens empowerment in the household and family the community and local politics moreover i introduce ii nuanced definitions for different types of exposure to civil wars iii the difference between changes in gender roles and gender attitudes and iv the moderating effect of context conditions building on the variation of each of these four dimensions allows me to generate a large set of hypotheses to advance a systematic and nuanced understanding of when why and how civil wars promote womens empowerment and when they do not to empirically explore these hypotheses i will combine novel quantitative survey experiments and qualitative research in colombia dr congo and sri lanka while each country case has experienced several decades of civil war there is significant withincase and betweencase variation in social context conflict dimensions patterns of violence and conflict status rendering them ideal for exploring the local effects of civil war violence on womens empowerment drawing on this comparative design will allow me to make statements about common patterns divergences and conditional effects altogether this wealth of findings will establish a new conceptual and empirical research platform on the impact of civil wars on gender relations
development and validation of findtb a novel digital tool for tuberculosis triage in children using innovative methodologies and an interdisciplinary approach

about 5065 of children suffering from tuberculosis tb across all age groups are never detected this contributes to the 250000 deaths from tb in children annually making the disease one of the top ten killers of children under the age of five to improve tb detection in children and reduce tbrelated morbidity and mortality novel diagnostic tests are urgently needed the findtb project aims to address this urgent need by improving case finding at all levels of care in resourcelimited high tb burden settings through the development and validation of an innovative digital tb triage tool that provides individualized tb disease risk predictions coupled with clinical recommendations to guide next steps of care the project will capitalize on digital and scientific innovations that have been successfully applied to the covid19 pandemicstarting with large existing geographically and demographically representative data sets my team and i will develop and validate two predictive models using highly innovative data science methods machine learning and bayesian techniques an app for use by health personnel at all levels of the health care system will be developed for the best performing model to maximize the apps implementation potential i will engage key stakeholders to assess preferences acceptability and feasibility prior to and throughout app development furthermore i will apply humancentered design principles we will then evaluate the designlocked digital tool in a realworld triage use case in a prospective crosssectional diagnostic accuracy study a costeffectiveness analysis of population level impact will round out a dossier that will inform a who reviewthis efficient effective and scalable digital tool for tb triage of children in resourcelimited settings is expected to improve tb diagnosis on an individuallevel and thus tbrelated morbidity and mortality and on populationlevel is likely to improve tb control
evolutionary origin of cell adhesion the basis of multicellularity in the choanoflagellate choanoeca flexa

how animal multicellularity evolved from unicellular ancestors remains an open evolutionary question one key prerequisite for the evolution of animal multicellularity was the evolution of cell adhesion however little is known about how cell adhesion evolved in the animal stem in the last decades considerable advances to reconstruct early animal evolution have come from investigations of the closest living unicellular relatives of animals notably the choanoflagellates these microeukaryotes have become powerful models to address the evolution of animals for several reasons 1 they are the sister group to all animals 2 their genomes encode homologs of genes that can inform about animal origins including an animallike celladhesion toolkit 3 they can temporarily adhere to each other and form multicellular colonies and 4 they are amenable to functional genetics therefore studies on choanoflagellate molecular and cell biology can inform the mechanisms of the emergence of multicellularity in animals here i will investigate the cell adhesion mechanisms governing multicellularity in the recently discovered choanoflagellate choanoeca flexa c flexa has direct cellcell adhesion and aggregative multicellularity unique in choanoflagellates and also undergoes lightcontrolled collective contractility of colonies unique in unicellular relatives of animals making it a powerful model to study the emergence of collective behaviors i will perform a systematic characterization of the environmental and endogenous factors regulating cell adhesion during colony formation in c flexa using a combination of genetic engineering biochemistry proteomics molecular and cell biology approaches and functional genomics the data generated here will contribute to converting c flexa into an experimentally tractable species and has the potential to shed light on the premetazoan function of cell adhesion genes
physical modelling of stellar activity effects to discover and measure exoearths

exoplanet research has experienced enormous growth and is now pushing instrumental limits to find temperate terrestrial planets and precisely characterise their atmospheres extremeprecision radial velocity rv instruments eg espresso offering 10 cms stability and space telescopes eg jwst ariel attaining relative flux uncertainties of 10 ppm are becoming a reality but there is a shadow of concern hovering over such fantastic performances the intrinsic variability of the stellar hosts can overwhelm the instrument error to become the dominant uncertainty recent results with espresso and jwst data provide vivid illustrations of the daunting effects of such limiting factor an ambitious groundbreaking and comprehensive effort to model and correct out stellar activity effects shall therefore be undertaken our pioneering results show that the unique combination of a physical model and contemporaneous multitechnique monitoring can disentangle the effects of stellar activity from rv timeseries and transit spectroscopy the spotless project will implement this methodology by building a realistic stellar activity simulator and develop correction strategies using eg machine learning algorithms and direct inversion this is more reliable than purely datadriven methods which often suffer from overfitting due to the lack of a physical context four main objectives will be pursued 1 a physical model of the active solar surface to explain sunasastar observables 2 generalise to other spectral types parameters 3 physicallymotivated rv activity corrections at 10 cms and 4 physicallymotivated transit activity corrections at 10 ppm from available and future observations spotless will deliver new challenging exoplanet rv discoveries and unbiased transmission spectra taking exoplanet research to the next level by enabling the detection and characterisation of exoearths and the eventual search for signs of biological activity
digitalisation and the future of mobility a study of mobility as a service maas platforms

the project aims to understand the society shaping capacities of digital technologies for mobility investigate their effects on processes of spatial transformation and recognise social and political values that play a role in changing transportation infrastructures and urban travel through investigating mobility as a service maas platforms studying mobility platforms responds to challenges of digitalisation sustainable transformation urban modernisation and social equality the research addresses the gaps in the studies on digital platforms infrastructures and mobilities and responds to rapid sociotechnological changes it contributes to studies at theintersection of digitalisation and mobility justicethe research elucidates how platforms are set to operate objective1 infrastructuring how they interact with existing transportation systems o2 interaction how they reinterpret the role of the usercitizen in the system o3 usercitizen and how they shape future urban mobility o4 mobility futures two maas systems operating in berlin and warsaw will be studied through the mixed methodology including sociological visual digital and mobile methods and techniques such as visualisation and mapping interviews mobility diaries field visits application analysis and workshopsthe results of the project will be published in the form of academic articles and disseminated through workshops lectures and teaching creation of media content with the purpose of impacting mobility transformations for sustainability and increasing role of citizens in digitalisation of mobilityleibnizifl supports the project through its international and interdisciplinary expertise institutional networks and excellent research infrastructure the researcher will achieve academic goals in the areas of research development leadership and international profile and acquire skills and knowledge necessary to take on permanent and leading senior roles in european academia
timeresolved simulations of ultrafast phenomena in quantum materials

emergent phenomena arising from excitation correlation and coherence of electrons spin photons and nuclei may open unexplored paths to exploit advanced quantum materials modelling and understanding ultrafast nonequilibrium dynamics is the key to quantum computing to new paradigms for information storage and retrieval to novel optoelectronic devices for efficient light emission and renewable energy production and to efficient singlephoton quantum emitters the times doctoral network will merge different areas of expertise in manybody and timedependent electronic structure methods to define a new paradigm for the atomistic modelling of nonequilibrium processes in condensed matter this is an area where the theoretical stateoftheart is lacking in predictive power on one hand modeling crucial dynamical processes such as the ones involving energy exchange between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom outofequilibrium remains out of reach for current firstprinciples approaches on the other hand phenomenological and secondprinciples models lack the granularity required to quantitatively capture the evolution of complex materialstimes will develop firstprinciples theoretical and computational tools to tackle the coherent and correlated electronnuclei dynamicsstimulated by ultrafast laser pulses for the understanding of complex quantum states and emergent phenomena in a diverse range offunctional materials like perovskites 2d materials weyl semimetals dirac materials and topological insulators for this purposetimes will train a new generation of scientists capable of devising novel theoretical and computational frameworks to simulatenonequilibrium phenomena times will synergize theoretical and numerical developments with high performance computer centers smes and bigdata facilities across europe the network activities will benefit of synergistic collaborations with leading experimental groups in ultrafast spectroscopy
a space warehouse concept and ecosystem to energize european osam

implementing sustainable commercial activities in earth orbit requires not only the key technologies necessary to offer the targeted services oos isam but also the means to effectively ensure the resupply of the associated facilities storage and handling of goods and resources in orbit in support of oos or isam have received limited attention in the perspectives and roadmaps of the major future space ecosystem and economy playersstarfab aims to explore a novel concept of an automated orbital warehouse unit wu within the context of both oos and isam also known as osam commercial perspectives it seeks to address a critical gap in the future space ecosystem serving as an enabler for sustainable osam business modelsthe starfab project will develop a phase a equivalent concept and demonstrator of an orbital warehouse unit wu drawing inspiration from the stateoftheart automated warehousing practices on earth while considering the challenging environmental conditions encountered in space such as microgravity vacuum extreme temperatures and radiation starfabs objective is to advance the necessary technologies for handling goods in space including modular and customshaped components raw materials for manufacturing fuel water and more using robotics and automation this will encompass storage elements with varying levels of protection the items handling solution ihs featuring custom automation tools for operations within the warehouse structure and the item transfer system its designed as a robotic manipulator to provide flexible external item transfer within the wu the starfab concept will also include provisions for robotic inspection and minor maintenance tasks primarily for starfabs own integrity but possibly also as a service for spacecraft docking or berthing with starfabat the end starfab will produce a roadmap outlining the path forward for technology maturation model philosophy market opportunities and subsequent exploitation measures
datadriven based behavior intervention decisionmaking to ease energy poverty

energy poverty households face insufficient access to affordable and reliable energy services which can lead to adverse health effects and risky coping strategies the eu made energy poverty a policy priority in the clean energy for all europeans package in 2019 and one of the objectives is to address energy poverty by promoting energyefficient behaviors however intervening in users behavioral decisions is difficult as it requires a deep understanding of the behavior patterns and a rational explanation of the behavior mechanism this project will address a key question in energy poverty research can behavior pattern analytics facilitate the decisionmaking of energy poverty hence the main objective is to assess if datadriven analytics of energy use patterns can provide insight into behavioral interventions to address energy poverty through this project the applicant plans to use three progressive analytics tasks to answer the question i identify the behavior patterns of energy consumption descriptive analytics ii reveal potential cognitive biases that impede high energy efficiency prescriptive analytics iii explore policy interventions against cognitive bias prediction analytics the project will analyze userlevel data through graph data modeling to quantify energy use patterns and behaviors overcoming the limitations of the traditional method relying only on descriptive statistics host and secondment will complement the interdisciplinarity of the project from the perspectives of energy behavior behavioral science and cognitive visualization computer science respectively the project will facilitate the applicants longterm research goals with interdisciplinary knowledge enhancing the development of his career as an independent researcher potential beneficiaries are energy poverty households and energy stakeholders the proposal is in line with the sustainable development goals sdgs and objectives of the h2020 program