Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
new handles for string scattering amplitudes

string theory is currently the only known theoretical framework that unifies the concepts of quantum mechanics and gravity in a consistent way as such it makes concrete quantitative predictions for the interaction of gravitons in the form of scattering amplitudes unfortunately the technical complexity of the theory is staggering and most attempts to directly compute such scattering amplitudes beyond the leading orders have been stifled by technical difficultiesthis project aims to overcome these difficulties by applying three new and unconventional tools to the problem stringscatss threepronged strategy leverages numerical techniques saddlepoint approximation and exact evaluation techniques such as the hardylittlewood circle method it seeks to crack the necessary hard computations in string perturbation theory and obtain a longsought glimpse into the quantum properties of gravity among the numerous potential rewards we would for example for the first time ever get a direct handle on the analytic structure of a quantum gravity amplitude and understand the very high energy behaviour of string theory and how it interacts with the uvfiniteness of the theorystringscat will also have ramifications in neighboring fields such as black hole physics smatrix bootstrap number theory and the geometry of the moduli space of riemann surfaces that features prominently in the calculation scattering amplitudes represent one of the handful of accessible windows into quantum gravity and hence offer great potential for tangible progress in the subjectdespite the enormous importance of this topic in physics it has received far too little attention recent advances in the understanding of formal aspects of the string perturbation theory developments of numerical methods and the increasing synthesis of the subject with mathematics now permit us to attack the problem in earnest
analytic number theory and arithmetic statistics over function fields

an archetypal problem in multiplicative number theory is to determine the factorization statistics in a given set such as the set of values of an integral polynomial or of the function raising an integer to a nonintegral power and taking the integral part the set of integers n for which there exists an integer 0 a n10 such that n divides a32 or the set of discriminants of cubic extensions of a number field one is particularly interested in estimating the number of primes in such sets we study analogs of such problems over function fields in one variable over a finite field almost every problem over number fields admits a sensible although not necessarily obvious analog over function fields and solutions to such problems carry over as well on the other hand the riemann hypothesis has been resolved in a most definitive form by deligne in the function field setting while solutions of problems over function fields do not translate to solutions of analogous problems over number fields new insights are gained and connections to geometry topology and homological stability emerge function field analytic number theory problems often reduce to obtaining cancellation in sums of trace functions of ladic etale sheaves over the points of a variety over a finite field the grothendiecklefschetz trace formula in conjunction with delignes theorem gives us cancellation once strong upper bounds on the dimensions of the cohomology groups of our sheaves are available the main proposed innovation is a bound on the dimensions of cohomology groups of sheaves built using the six operations from more basic sheaves approached using masseys bound involving the characteristic cycle our methods involve also judicious choices of l for which the reduction of our sheaves mod l simplifies them these will be combined with the circle method to serve as an offtheshelf approach to function field problems
humanrobot sensorimotor augmentation wearable sensorimotor interfaces and supernumerary robotic limbs for humans with upperlimb disabilities

haria redefines the nature of physical humanrobot interaction hri laying the foundations of a new research field ie human sensorimotor augmentation whose constitutive elements are i aipowered wearable and grounded supernumerary robotic limbs and wearable sensorimotor interfaces ii methods for augmentation enabling users to directly control and feel the extra limbs exploiting the redundancy of the human sensorimotor system through wearable interfaces iii clear target populations ie chronic stroke and spinal cord injured individuals and realworld application scenarios to demonstrate the extraordinary value of the paradigm shift that haria represents in hri and the great impact on the motivation to reuse the paretic arms with consequent improvement of the quality of life supernumerary limbs will be partially controlled by artificial intelligence and partially under the direct control of the human who gains the agency of some motion parameters of the supernumerary limbs from the control point of view it is fundamental to find the right tradeoff between motion task parameters that are controlled by the user and the level of robot autonomy this interplay is enabled by the wearable sensorimotor interface that establishes a connection between the human sensorimotor system and the system of actuators and sensors of the robot allowing reciprocal awareness trustworthiness and mutual understanding haria finds its natural application in assisting people with uni or bilateral upper limbs chronic motor disabilities technology and methodology developments will follow a usercentered design approach as only patients with disabilities are fully aware of their real still unmet needs in real life activities this project will also go beyond the application to health starting a new era of intuitive and seamless humanrobot augmentation by wearable sensorimotor interfaces and supernumerary limbs
assessment of learning technologies and frameworks for intelligent and ethical ai

alfie project encompasses the ethitech dialogue hub etdhub and automl platform etdhub is as a multidisciplinary discussion forum where citizens policymakers ai professionals and legal entities come together to engage in robust conversations surrounding the legal and ethical dimensions of ai and related technologies the etdhub serves as a collaborative space shaping policy recommendations that influence the european legal framework on ai ensuring its adaptability to evolving societal and technological landscapes complementing the etdhub is automl an advanced implementation platform that seamlessly translates these deliberative outcomes into actionable ai tools and solutions there is a bidirectional feedback loop between etdhub and the automl platform helping to refine the policy recommendations the automl platform combines two layers interaction layer relying on generative ai and an automl engine the interaction layer contributes to the democratisation of ai by enabling the creation of advanced ai tools through interaction in natural language and speech with focus on multilinguality while the automl platform finds the solutions based on the input of the user given through the first layer the automl not only generates ai models and solutions that respect the eu legal framework but also serves as a data broker providing access to a wide range of datasets contained in different platforms with special focus on promoting unbiased and balanced ai datasets with integrated features such as natural language processing speech recognition multilingual capabilities and explainable ai automl represents a widely accessible ai platform that seamlessly connects with aiethics through alfie ecosystem and is ready to bridge legal discourse with technological implementation fostering responsible and transparent ai practices
advancing a vaccine targeting genetic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis c9orf72 als to the clinical stage

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis als is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that is triggered by protein aggregation in the brain and spinal cord motor neurons that leads to respiratory failure within 25 years the best available drug extends life by 3 months als strikes about 1 in 500 people mostly for unknown reasons but 510 of cases in caucasians are caused by a mutation in the c9orf72 gene we have shown that this mutation leads to expression of large aggregating polyglycinealanine polyga which triggers downstream pathology we developed a polyga peptide vaccine that reduces aggregates and largely prevents motor deficits in a mouse model when starting vaccination in already symptomatic mice our vaccine reduces neuronal damage to a similar extent since regular lifelong vaccination is required to maintain sufficient antibody levels gavax is an attractive business case in the orphan disease space with 2500 prevalent c9orf72 als cases in the us de it fr es uk 9000 mutation carriers at risk to develop disease within 10 years could benefit even more from our approach a joint venture established by intravacc and dzne will bring together the right resources to advance this promising treatment approach towards clinical evaluation intravacc contributes knowhow for production and clinical development of peptidecarrier conjugate vaccines dzne provides in depth knowledge of disease pathology as well as all necessary model systems and assays together we will setup gmp manufacturing for the antigen and conduct pivotal toxicology and efficacy studies in animals in accordance with regulatory requirements by ema and fda this will allow us to compile a clinical trial application in c9orf72 als patients in addition we will use this datapackage to raise capital for the phase 1 trial from a patient organization or investor for further derisking or preferentially directly partner with a larger pharma company to bring gavax to the market
figuring the invisible conventions and tactics in animation for science outreach

the research will identify and raise awareness about the audiovisual conventions and communication tactics of animation in multimedia science outreach in respect to the representation of invisible objects too big too small too far away in space and timethe research is in the field of animated documentary a major point in the animation studies agenda honess roe 2013 it is also based on the epistemology of scientific communication as daston and galison argued 2007 truthtonature objectivity is being superseded by visuals balancing art and science merleauponty 1964 had previously called for an equilibrium between objectivity and subjectivity in science outreach due to the new invisible frontiers of knowledge the action will start with 12 months at the lucerne university of applied sciences and arts whose excellence in visual research and its interdisciplinary environment will support the researcher in 1 building a list of animations in multimedia science outreach from 1980 2 critically engaging the conventions and tactics from the point of view of animation theory 3 of animators and 4 of scientists in dialogue with the resident experts on data visualizationthe next 12 months will be hosted by the department of cultural heritage of the university of padova italy with the collaboration of the department of information engineering and the cicap the italian committee for scientific skepticism the results from the outgoing phase will be used to a create an open access database of multimedia science outreach about the invisible b set up educational actions c create a permanent committee to promote good practices in animation for sciencethe researcher will take advantage of his expertise in animation history and theory his contacts with the industry and with animation schools and his teaching experience the research will consolidate his career and make him a mediator between academia scientists and filmmakers
restoring dnases antiviral potential

every individual carries at least a herpesvirus causing mild to serious diseases without definitive cure although in theory herpesvirus genomes can be degraded by host dna nucleases dnases the er preliminary data has evidenced dnase2b protein levels to decrease upon herpes simplex virus1 hsv1 infection in order to restore dnases antiviral potential redavip aims to 1 uncover the susceptibility of dnases to hsv1 2 gain mechanistic insights of hsv1 proteins and dnases interaction and 3 screen drugs restoring host dnases so the vdna can be cleared from the organism to do so redavip will assess dnases endogenous levels upon infection by immunoblot and enrich them with immunoprecipitation to identify interacting viral proteins by mass spectrometry collaborating internationally afterwards their minimal interacting surfaces will be determined and disrupted with in silico drug library screens collaborating internationally then a tripartite fluorescence complementation assay will confirm the disruption of this pathogenic interaction in cellula candidate compounds restoring the dnases ability of degrading vdna will be validated by plaque assays for ip protection since they may represent a first step towards an overdue cure against herpesviral infections and life quality improvement especially for an ageing population given the ambitious and novel objectives the er applies her multidisciplinary expertise to propose mitigation strategies that will ensure experimental feasibility and multiple outputs this work will allow the er to transfer her knowledge acquired through european laboratories to the acceptor institution and progress from basic to translational research to learn and ensure a revenue of invested funds the findings will be broadly disseminated to improve the er soft skills uncovering how host dnases are impaired during herpesvirus infection using hsv1 as a model is an asset to find novel antivirals against further viruses
revealing the hidden universe a comprehensive study of lowmass galaxies beyond the local group

lowmass dwarf galaxies with masses under a few billion solar masses hold significant importance in astrophysics they are the key objects in challenging dark matter models on small scales yet considerable uncertainties remain in our understanding of their baryonic physics dwarfs also hold important clues on early star formation and chemical enrichment and on the buildup of galaxies and the black holes within them however studying them has been hard their low surface brightness nature makes them challenging to detect using standard instrumentation and survey techniques despite decades of research our understanding of dwarfs primarily relies on those in our galactic neighborhood orbiting the milky way recent technological advances have sparked a thrilling era of rapid dwarf galaxy discovery beyond the milky way i propose a research program using two novel widefield surveys capitalizing on instrumentation designed specifically for this purpose to transform three key aspects 1 with data from the dragonfly wide field survey i will perform a pioneering study of galaxies down to the ultrafaint regime well beyond the local group i will also utilize proprietary data from the merian survey to construct a sample of 100000 classical dwarf galaxies at a redshift of z00501 these datasets will establish a solid foundation for understanding the census lowmass galaxies 2 by combining kinematic measurements and dynamical modeling i will obtain constraints on dwarfs dark matter halo profiles shedding light on core vs cusp structures dynamical friction and dark matter on small scales and 3 pinpoint the baryonic processes that shape these galaxies by studying their stellar gas and star formation properties with leadership roles in both observational initiatives an indepth understanding of the data and exclusive data access im uniquely positioned to lead this program timed ahead of future community surveys like lsst euclid and roman
a conceptual history of tradition in the modern arab world egypt and greater syria in the 19th and 20th centuries

tradition is a key analytical concept in the study of islam muslims and the middle east in western academia in late 19th and early 20thcentury discourses the concept elicited negative connotations such as stagnation backwardness and irrationality in recent decades scholars revised these earlier conceptions of tradition foregrounding the ability of a tradition to adapt and change this reformulated understanding of tradition undergirds talal asads theorization of islam as a discursive tradition an analytical approach that has dominated the field of islamic studies yet in arabic there is no single equivalent to the anglophone concept tradition indeed several distinct arabic terms including taqld turth sunna naql and others are often equated with tradition even though their usages histories political mobilizations temporalities counterconcepts and affective valences differ from each other as well as from the anglophone concept in this action i will conduct a diachronic and synchronic analysis of the semantic network of arabic concepts often equated with the anglophone concept tradition in egypt and greater syria in the 19th and 20th centuries the methodology for this action includes the close reading of arabic texts representative of major intellectual and ideological currents in the modern arab and muslim world as well as quantitative analyses that chart the distribution and frequency of these concepts in arabic periodicals and other salient texts in the same period the larger aim of the project is to integrate the experiences and worldviews reflected in arabic concepts into the analytical vocabulary that structures the study of islam muslims and the middle east in western academia
identification of novel viral entry factors and development of antiviral approaches

defender will address the need for innovative intervention strategies against viruses with epidemic potential by adopting a comprehensive and integrative platform approach defenders revolutionary research and innovation pipeline will focus on preventing virus entry through a hostdirected bottomup approach based on functional genetics in parallel to a topdown virus glycoproteincentered approach we will identify novel host dependency and restriction factors including receptors and proteins involved in viral attachment and binding endosomal uptake and virus genome uncoating as targets for antiviral therapy in parallel we will use recombinant viral glycoproteins to identify broadly neutralizing nanobodies and novel epitopes for the aibased design of next generation immunogens and the improvement of therapeutic antibodies the host bottomup functional genetic approach will be applied to nipah lassa zika dengue yellow fever and chikungunya viruses host factors will be identified using a unique arrayed crispr perturbation platform combined with advanced statistical and machine learning approaches and mathematical modelling mechanistic experiments and cuttingedge imaging techniques in parallel the virus topdown glycoproteincentered approach will lead to the identification and structural characterization of broadly neutralizing nanobodies targeting conserved epitopes of the glycoproteins of nipah and lassa viruses in prefusion conformation defender will deliver innovative antiviral candidates that induce target degradation next generation immunogens and a novel concept to improve the activity of therapeutic antibodies with proofofconcept preclinical evaluation in mice it will define the most vulnerable virushost interactions to deliver a robust development pipeline for novel antivirals therapeutic antibodies and immunogens and increase antiviral options against a wide range of priority re emerging viruses
visible dynamic organic optical metasurfaces

optical nanoantennas are nanoscale objects that acts as antennas for light they can provide local and abrupt optical phase shifts which has led to an emerging type of flat ultrathin optical components called metasurfaces the concept of metasurfaces has enabled many important applications including ultrathin flat lenses and highperformance oleds in addition to their attractive form factor metasurfaces pushes the limits of what is achievable in terms of lightmatter interactions exemplified by demonstrations of intriguing phenomena like invisibility cloaking anomalous refraction and the photonic spin hall effect however a major limitation of traditional metasurfaces is that they are static in the sense that we cannot tune their functions after they have been produced the reason is that traditional nanoantennas are made from materials with fixed material properties such as gold silver or titanium dioxide it has proven highly challenging to make nanoantennas that can be dynamically tuned and particularly for the visible spectral range and by electrical stimuli my group recently introduced conducting polymers as a new organic materials platform for tuneable plasmonic nanoantennas and metasurfaces but those systems are still restricted to wavelengths outside the visible range in visdom i will develop and study a new type of electrically tuneable optical nanoantennas for visible light while benefitting from our recent achievements on dynamic nanoantennas the proposed nanoantennas will be based on a conceptually new idea and mechanism forming an ambitious project that goes well beyond state of the art the important goal of visdom is to contribute with a new type of dynamic organic nanooptics and electrically tuneable optical metasurfaces for visible light
exploring the origin and diversification of mammalian tooth classes

one longstanding question in evolutionary biology is how do new morphological innovations arise integrative advances in palaeontology genomics development and evolution have unveiled general principles behind evolutionary novelties however we are far from understanding the mechanisms by which novelties emerge from ancestral genomic and developmental programs and then diversify in new ecological contexts to solve this problem my research uses the dramatic morphological and ecological diversity of bat teeth as a model system to study the origin and diversification of a major mammalian innovation the tooth classes using morphological genomic developmental and modelling approaches on multiple species of bats from various ecological contexts my goal is to understand the origin of mammalian tooth classes and establish a predictive model to study their evolution using geometric morphometric approaches i will first characterize the differences and unique traits in tooth class morphologies in adults and during ontogeny on ct scans aim 1 then to link the morphological variation with the underlying changes in the genomic and developmental program i will establish a developmental transcriptomic signature for each tooth class using spatial transcriptomics and merfish in multiple species across developmental stages aim 2 finally i will link these morphological and transcriptomic changes by developing an integrative datadriven model of tooth class evolution using machine learning and extend these models to other mammals aim 3 by establishing bat teeth as a unique study system my research constitutes an integrative framework using natural variation as a starting point to understand the evolution of morphological novelties in various ecological contexts