Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
tellurene memristors for neuromorphic computing system technology

bigdata management is currently placing a high demand on both the hardware performance level eg access latency storage capacity cost performance and on the cognitive level eg data processing architectures and algorithms the evergrowing pressure for big data creates urgent global challenges like energy consumption and memory efficiency new device architectures beyond the von neumann paradigm are demanded which are inspired by the biological synaptic operativity towards the socalled neuromorphic computational scheme the memristor is the more viable device emulating the synaptic behavior advanced materials are required to make memristorbased circuits energetically sustainable and outperforming the integration of 2d semiconductors in memristors is a promising path to tackle these global challenges within the neuromorphic computation in this scenario here we propose a singleelement memristor cell design based on tellurene 2d tellurium mimicking artificial synaptic behavior and thus enabling memristor applications tellurene offers solid advantages over other 2d players owing to the structural and chemical simplicity the low thermal budget of its synthesis and the versatility to adapt to rigid and flexible layouts our goals are the scalable production of a tellurene standard and its integration in single memristor cells and in crossbar arrays of memristors aiming at the fabrication of a neuromorphic circuits the peculiar production process makes tellurene fit to delamination and transfer to any kind of surface either rigid or flexible flat or curve and readily available for testing in edgecomputing applications like environmental sensing signal elaboration the translational purpose is to further up technology transfer of the developed products either materials and processes by retrieving stakeholders among small and medium enterprises addressing the ai computing market
ocean crime narratives a polyhedral assessment of hegemonic discourse on environmental crime and harm at sea 1982present

with the latest international law of the sea unclos 1982 narratives on environmental crimes and harms at sea have changed their views of ocean governance sustainability and human rights and are now shaping an international hegemonic discourse a growing underexamined corpus of contemporary literary and filmic narratives discusses environmental criminality at sea as subject to contested international and state jurisdiction harmful to oceanic sustainability and threatening human rights and uncertainly poised between crime and harm literature and film are only part of the discourse around environmental criminality at sea since policymakers lawyers and scientists are its main producers how do discourses in the cultural and scientific realms cocreate conceptions arguments and ideas that underpin the actual international regulations and policy negotiations around environmental crime and harm at sea ocn responds to this new challenge with three objectives 1 to analyze the narratives around environmental crime and harm at sea in a new hitherto unexamined corpus of post1982 literature and film 2 to conduct a novel narrative analysis of environmental sea crime and harm discourses aiming for dissemination and governance from the perspective of oceanography green criminology and political ecology 3 to produce a polyhedral assessment of hegemonic international discourse on environmental crime and harm at sea today ocn examines a post1982 corpus of literary filmic and expert narratives dealing with three areas of harm and crime a exploitation of biological and mineral marine resources b toxic waste and plastic dumping c harmful climatechange effects on oceanic ecosystems the project tests an interdisciplinary analysis of discursive practices to provide a fresher critical view of hegemonic international environmental crime discourses at sea which determine definitions of criminality and aim to safeguard the future sustainability of our oceans
dismantling and recycling rare earth elements from endoflife products for the european green transition

europes ambitious energy and climate goals are heavily dependent on critical raw materials such as rare earth elements rees the largest enduser of rees is the permanent magnet pm industry for electric mobility and renewable energy technologies the growth in those strategic sectors till 2050 is expected to increase the demand of neodymium nd and dysprosium dy by 4 and 12 times respectively however europe depends 100 on rees imports and there are no marketready substitutes despite the fact that significant amounts of eol products containing reebased pms are collected in europe the current recycling processes do not allow pms recovery and therefore they are lost downstream to face this challenge the reeproduce project aims at setting up for the first time a resilient and complete european reesrecycling value chain at industrial scale for the recovery of rees at competitive cost compared to rees primary production in china at least 25 cheaper with environmentally friendly and socially sustainable technologies reeproduce will capitalize on the knowledge generated in previous projects and aim to solve all remaining technical challenges along the value chain to construct pilots able to produce 70 t of pms per year from variety of eol products bearing ndbased pms additionally it will demonstrate the conversion of pms extracted from many different eol products into high purity rare earth elements oxide reomixtures and rare earth elements alloy rea that will be used in the manufacturing of new pms with performances similar to those manufactured with virgin reesintensive materials this project is formed by key partners covering the whole value chain including eol products recyclers metal recyclers manufacturers of equipment for recycling producers of reesintensive material and pms developers of technologies successfully proven in previous projects and experts in dissemination communication and exploitation
rangeadapting reinforcement learning and memory

a wealth of evidence in perceptual and economic decisionmaking research suggests that the subjective value of one option is determined by the range of the values of other available options ie the context yet up until today this literature has almost exclusively focused on decision situations where contexts are explicit and static thus ignoring more ecological and realistic scenarios where value ranges are dynamically shaped by past outcomes this proposal will investigate if and how range adaptation also affects the computation of outcome values that are acquired from experience and stored in memory we hypothesize that rangeadaptation is pervasive in learning because it addresses a fundamental computational costbenefit tradeoffindeed we propose that although range adaptation is locally optimal because it optimizes information processing by tuning the value response function to the experienced outcome distribution this comes at the price of forfeiting the capacity to generalize learnedvalues to new contexts the proposed research will design and validate a comprehensive behavioural and computational framework to test this hypothesis more precisely combining original experimental paradigms behavioural analyses and computational modelling we will i provide a clear algorithmic description of outcome range adaptation ii elucidate the nature of the distorted memory representations of outcome values and finally iii probe the pervasiveness and adaptive value of this process empirically by running experiments in different cultures and theoretically through extensive simulations we believe this project has the potential to further elucidate new fundamental computational constraints of human learning and decisionmaking our theoretical framework and empirical results will undoubtedly contribute to the debate about the ultimate sources of human bounded rationality with potential impact beyond cognitive science
tuning immune t cells for cancer therapy

adoptive cell therapy act recently became an important treatment modality for cancer since 2017 several chimeric antigen receptor cart cell therapies approved by the fdaema and more are expected to receive approval for clinical use currently more than 250 clinical act trials are ongoing already in 2021 the market size was 1 billion and is expected to grow tremendously to 25 billion by 2030 act products require extensive ex vivo manipulation and expansion of patient derived t cells prior to reinfusion back into patients to attack cancer cells unfortunately t cell exhaustion and loss of function after reinfusion form a major problem in currently used ex vivo expansion protocolsthe solution dedicated tuning of t cells during ex vivo expansion to preserve their anti cancer function and prevent exhaustion in the body t cells are activated by antigen presenting cells apc to initiate an immune response as patientderived apc are often immunosuppressed much effort is spent on developing artificial antigen presenting cells aapc to expand immune cells for act we developed a unique polymeric aapc platform termed immunofilaments that provide a highly flexible scalable gmp compliant and affordable solution for robust production of t cells for act our initial findings indeed indicate that we can diminish t cell exhaustion and outcompete products currently used in the clinic for ex vivo t cell expansiontuneit will validate the technical and commercial feasibility of this novel technology platform that exploits immunofilaments to significantly improve function and longevity of act products in patients in tuneit we will 1 demonstrate that tuning of ex vivo cultured therapeutic t cells will prevent exhaustion and loss of tumor killing capacity after reinfusing t cells and 2 perform market and business case analyses to ensure commercial feasibility and market entry through simmunext biotherapeutics a radboudumc spinoff
uncovering the coevolution between microbial predators and prey

predation plays a key role in the planets ecology and evolution the most prevalent and diverse predators on the planet are protozoans singlecell eukaryotes that live from consuming bacterial prey protozoan predation massively impacts bacterial diversity shapes microbial ecosystems is essential for nutrient cycling and has been linked to the emergence of bacterial virulence yet despite its importance it remains largely elusive how protozoan predators and bacterial prey coevolve to understand this coevolution we need an integrative research approach that accounts for offense and defense mechanisms in both predator and prey and spans from cellular response systems to community ecologyhere i take this approach and present the first integrative research program on microbial predatorprey coevolution by leveraging recent advances in gene editing and singlecell phenotyping we will focus on the coevolution between amoebal predators and bacterial prey in the soil a hotspot for microbial predation first we will establish a predatorprey model system that permits a twosided and systemslevel analysis of predation using genomewide genetic screens we will identify all genes underlying offense and defense mechanisms study how they exert their effect how they are regulated and how they impact selection across environments second we will expand from our model system to study natural predatorprey soil communities we will explore how sexual reproduction and horizontal gene transfer impact coevolution and emulate soil conditions in the lab to determine how biotic and abiotic factors affect ecoevolutionary dynamics of predatorprey communities in both time and spacemy research will connect ecology and evolution with molecular and systems biology opening up the door for breakthrough advances in our understanding of predatorprey interfaces the impact of coevolution on microbial ecosystems and the emergence of nascent pathogenicity
optical microscope for imaging highspeed precision surface processes

surflight is at the forefront of optical microscopy innovation aiming to bring an exceptional microscope to the market we have developed a highresolution microscope up to 2 nm capable of monitoring ultrafast surface processes sscale on nontransparent materials under real operational conditions this innovation holds promise for industries like semiconductors batteries and green energy where it is critical to visualize surface phenomena labelfree and in realtime surflights microscope excels in identifying active sites on surfaces and nanomaterials essential for catalytic reactions or solar energy conversion this technology streamlines catalysis rd by offering realtime visualizations cutting costs and optimizing catalyst utilization moreover it minimizes the need for repetitive tests conserving time and resources while enhancing catalyst lifespans and reducing replacements through realtime monitoring of catalyst degradation under realworld conditions most importantly it safeguards against largescale process failures resulting in substantial cost savings in materials and reduced downtime a thorough market analysis within surflight will allow us to step up our dialogue with academic as well as industrial partners and thoroughly characterize the industrys demands and needs for the microscope this will allow us to undertake a final optimization of the microscope once identified the initial targeted customer sector this erc poc will be central for pursuing these goals we envision surflight in the market rapidly and attracting commercial interest from a wide range of industrial sectors
a blueprint for photonic quantum computer

recent technological advances allow to build revolutionary devices for information processing by making use of the laws of quantum mechanics most strikingly quantum communication allows to transmit information with physical security guarantees at rates exceeding the capacities of classical links and quantum computers provide a means to speed up certain computations solving certain problems faster than any present or future classical computer one such problem is factoring large numbers into their primes this problem is the basis of much of modern cryptography such as the security of any information transfer through the internet but the factoring problem was shown to be efficiently computable on a quantum computer using shors algorithm a functional quantum computer would therefore jeopardize the security of the internet quantum computation with a discretevariable system such as a twolevel electron spin demands temperatures colder than those found in deep space however continuousvariable systems such as photons particles of light can operate at room temperatures and are more robust against decoherence allowing for full miniaturization and mass manufacturing the theory of quantum errorcorrecting codes provides a new set of techniques to run a quantum algorithm with an arbitrary level of accuracy despite using imperfect noisy photons photonic quantum codes exhibit either translational or rotational symmetry in phase space potential of the latter has remained largely unexplored despite convincing evidence for a striking advantage in phoqc i will develop a novel stabilizer formalism to systematically study rotational symmetry in phase space i will find quantum codes operating on the entire or a part of the hilbert space and i develop the corresponding universal logics we are at the dawn of the quantum computing age and the quantum codes and techniques developed in phoqc will bring photonic quantum computation closer to industrial deployment
sustainable exploration for orthomagmatic critical raw materials in the eu charting the road to the green energy transition

critical raw materials crms are fundamental to the eu industrial value chains and strategic sectors particularly with regard to the green energy transition currently the eu domestic supply of primary crms is below 3 for many important commodities to obtain an improved understanding of the eus critical raw materials potential discover new ore deposits and thereby increase the internal sourcing of crms and secure its raw materials autonomy the eu aims to boost the exploration and production of crms orthomagmatic mineral systems host important green transition critical raw materials gtrm including ni cu co v ti cr and platinumgroup elements pge there are currently only 2 mines in operation producing these metals in the eu though there is potential for additional mines in several eu countries this project is designed to develop socially and environmentally sustainable means of exploration for orthomagmatic crms we will apply for the first time in the eu the mineral systems approach to guide exploration for orthomagmatic crms we will thereby generate improved ore models for orthomagmatic mineral deposits which will be translated to mappable exploration criteria to delineate areas of high exploration potential from regional scale to local scale through collaboration between geosciences and social sciences the project will also develop methods to promote social awareness of the importance of responsible exploration and mining further we will map the exploration and production potential of crm in the eu and key crm supplier countries our research will be conducted at five reference sites in finland portugal poland and the czech republic representing different geological social and environmental conditions the ultimate goal is to promote responsible sourcing of crms in the eu and diversify the supply from third countries thereby securing the continued supply of crms for eu industries
ferroelectric photonics enabling novel functionalities and enhanced performance of next generating pics

in phoenix we create the next generation of compact photonic integrated circuits pic offering a continuous and efficient control over optical signals a barium titanate bto on silicon nitride sin platform will be optimized to enable novel functionalities and produce enhanced pics the novel functionalities stem from a combination of materials having a metalinsulator transition with epitaxial ferroelectrics vanadium oxides vox deliver a maximum contrast in absorption while barium titanate bto offers an efficient and programmable control of the phase of an optical signal through pockels and photorefractive effectsthe developed technologies will be demonstrated in four uses cases in highimpact emerging applications 1 fully homomorphic encryption 2 5g infrastructure 3 inference of deep neural networks and 4 training of deep neural networksthe project has four main objectives a to provide novel photonic technologies with enhanced functionalities thanks to the integration of vox and bto b to provide a btosin waveguide platform for subsequent manufacturing of pics and an upgraded version of such a platform integrating vox with the potential to improve their performance and scalability c to build up the demonstrators and d to advance in the understanding realization and upscaling of highquality oxide thinfilms by molecular beam epitaxy mbe on large areathe validation of the developed technology will be completed with an extrapolation to benchmark against representative existing systems and a roadmap for photonicelectronic integration the project will perform a market analysis and a technoeconomic evaluation in order to define business models and exploitation plans that ensure the sustainability of the phoenix platform to reduce innovationto markettime and ri costs for disruptive hightech smes and maximize the impact of the 4 user cases demonstrators
nanostructurebased design of visual perception using highindex disordered metasurface physics

the optics of disordered media with subwavelength highcontrast resonant inhomogeneities is a fascinating research topic emerging at the interface between the physics of waves in complex media and nanophotonics unseen explores and exploits unconventional waveinterference phenomena in disordered metasurfaces towards a new application the creation of brandnew visual appearanceour perception of objects is completely determined by how they scatter light color is crucial but other attributes such as texture gloss for reflective surfaces clarity for transmissive ones illumination directivity also largely influence appearance although this perception plays a key role in virtually all fine and applied arts appearance engineering has been so far applied only to materials structured at length scales significantly larger than the wavelength this is because the link between nanostructure morphologies and appearance is very complicated for subwavelength scale resonant inhomogeneitiesunseen bridges for the first time the fertile environments of optical metasurfaces and visual appearance in an original and crossdisciplinary way at the forefront of optical modelling and characterization we will develop new tools in nanophotonics which will merge nanoscale electromagnetism mesoscale multiple scattering and macroscale raytracing rendering the tools will allow us to understand the complicated relation between morphology and appearance to harness the manifold degrees of freedom offered by disordered metasurfaces and to discover clues to design novel appearance we will then use available stateoftheart nanofabrication and develop new characterization setups to produce and observe metasurfaces with novel appearances and further study their most promising applications luxury goods document security and headup display
intersectional spaces of participation inclusive resilient embedded

participatory and deliberative democracy pdd processes have on the one hand been celebrated for their potential in addressing political distrust and polarisation by deepening public engagement on the other hand they are often accused of being cosmetic solutions to deepseated problems that continue to exclude already disempowered groups along socioeconomic gender racial physical and mental ability lines inspire aims to tackle these accusations and failures by fostering intersectional equality through participatory spaces that are inclusive and start from the needs and assets of marginalised groups resilient to changes in government and developing upon existing grassroots work to support community resilience and embedded within the wider public sphere and in productive relationships with policymaking institutions bussu et al 2022a escobar 2022we employ three key ideas the political economy of participation codesign and assemblage theory we place emphasis on socioeconomic factors that affect peoples capabilities to participate or the political economy of participation we use a range of artsbased digital and creative methods to codesign with participants inclusive participatory spaces that move beyond just talkcentric deliberation which can exacerbate existing inequalities to analyse and foster intersectional equality within pdd we need to overcome the linearity and oversimplification that sometimes characterise methodological approaches in the field which tend to overlook the dynamism complexity and messiness of participation the concept of assemblage helps us look at how different participatory practices coexist interact and change across local national and transnational levels using these theoretical and analytical tools we can trace more clearly processes and power dynamics that exacerbate inequalities and we can strengthen democratic and inclusive participation through its many forms and practices