Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
the age of civil wars in europe c 19141949

in the first half of the twentieth century europe experienced an unparalleled number of civil wars resulting in millions of deaths civil war as much as interstate war was a defining feature of the period for many european societies from ireland in the west and russia in the east to finland in the north and spain and greece in the south since the 1990s a rich and increasingly sophisticated body of literature has emerged on individual incidents of civil war ranging from military studies to social and cultural analyses however remarkably little comparative work has been undertaken on civil wars in this period even fewer studies have explored the connections between them be it transfers of people ideas or practices beyond their ideological tropes this has resulted in a tacit assumption of exceptionalism whereby each civil war is assumed to have been unique and selfperpetuating without any serious attempt to explain why that was so this project challenges exceptionalist approaches to civil war while it recognises that significant differences in causes forms andor aftermaths existed between individual civil wars it argues that those civil wars can only be fully understood as a phenomenon within a paneuropean context the project will therefore investigate the origins courses and legacies of european civil wars through a fully integrated team of scholars with complementary expertise on the russian finnish irish spanish and greek cases this will enable comparison between these different conflicts but it will also go beyond the nationcentric tendencies of comparative approaches to arrive at a better understanding of what made the first half of the twentieth century an era of civil wars in europe
selfoptimizing static program analysis

software systems pervade our personal and professional lives yet their insecurity threaten our society to assure that software systems are dependable and secure one must reason about their code static program analysis enables such reasoning it can be applied to individual software components and it can show not only the presence but also prove the absence of bugs and vulnerabilities yet to be useful to software developers static analyses must be adapted to the context in which they are used studies show that poorly adapted analyses slow down rather than assist development they report large sets of false warnings that distract developers from actual bugs which the analyses often miss they often run so long that results are reported when they are already outdated sosas main research hypothesis is that one can generate precise and efficient static analyses of software systems by making static analysis selfaware and selfoptimizing with sosa a static analysis conducts analyses and optimizations not just of programs but of itself this is a groundbreaking paradigm shift no previous research has regarded complex program analyses themselves as the primary object of automated analysis and optimization sosa will introduce for the first time static analyses whose execution is not predefined by their creators but is inherently selfadaptive in result analyses automatically adapt themselves to yield a performanceprecision tradeoff that is optimal with respect to how the analysis is deployed and which program it analyzes with sosa static analyses will report true and relevant warnings at minimal analysis time without requiring manual optimizations by end users sosa will boost progress in the field of programanalysis research mapping the landscape of staticanalysis optimizations and how and where they are best applied by enabling software developers to optimally deploy static analyses with ease sosa will help secure millions of software systems
from youthful vigor to maternal wisdom signaling pathways in oocyte aging

in developed countries modern lifestyle often leads women to postpone their decision on when to have children by 2022 the average age at which women in europe give birth to their first child had crossed 30 unfortunately delayed motherhood is associated with a decline in womens reproductive potential which can manifest as difficulties with conception miscarriages or an increased risk of delivering a child with chromosomal abnormalities this decline is primarily attributed to the fact that oocytes the reproductive cells gradually lose their quality and fertilization potential with agethe primary object of the frasp female reproductive ageing signalling pathways proposal is to gain insights into why oocytes lose their reproductive capacity as women age recently several signalling pathways have been identified to be involved in the aging of oocytes and the cumulus cells that directly surround and interact with them however our current understanding remains limited and this knowledge may not have an immediate impact in the near futurethis proposal aims to comprehensively analyse the signalling pathways responsible for aging in oocytes and cumulus cells derived from mice to achieve this we will employ a range of highthroughput techniques comprising for multiomics approach signalling pathways will be investigated at the rna protein and metabolite levels additionally we will explore how these pathways influence the outcome of fertilisation we believe that our approach will provide a profound understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms that occur during oocyte aging ultimately offering potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions
formation and highresolution spectroscopic characterization of carbonic acid

the main greenhouse gases in our atmosphere are water and carbon dioxide much attention is given to the study of the physicochemical properties of these molecules however there are no studies aimed at studying the formation of carbonic acid from these molecules in the atmosphere the objective of this project is to analyze the development of carbonic acid h2co3 and its possible formation from co2 and h2o in the gas phase it is anticipated that the aggregation and large vibrational excitation will favor the conversion of the co2h2o complex into h2co3 to test this theoretical prediction our project will employ a distinctive combination of supersonic expansion mass spectrometry intracavity infrared excitation and microwave sensing
synthetic nucleic acid cotranscriptional networks as diagnostic and therapeutic tools

why the heterogeneity of tumors often makes their diagnosis and treatment a very hard task a single tumor can have many different diagnosticallyrelevant molecular markers which can also be used to monitor the efficacy of treatment innovative simple costeffective and quantitative analytical tools for diagnostic and therapeutic applications are urgently needed to ensure rapid and appropriate patient carewhat cotransnet project addresses this need by developing synthetic nucleic acid units that can respond to a wide range of tumor biomarkers and can provide innovative tools for biosensing and therapeutics through cellfree invitro transcriptionhow the groundbreaking idea of cotransnet is to harness the high programmability of synthetic nucleic acids together with the high sensitivity and versatility of cellfree systems to develop cotranscriptional networks that in one pot through natureinspired recognition mechanisms can respond to a variety of targets including proteins small molecules and antibodies and trigger invitro transcription of functional rna the transcribed rna can provide a measurable signal or produce a therapeutic drug cotransnet aims to develop single theranostic nanodevices in which cancer diagnosis and theraphy can be simultaneously achieved this goes beyond the state of the art and represents a breakthrough in the field of diagnostics biosensing synthetic biology and nucleic acidbased therapeutics
cooperation for the convention on biological diversity

coop4cbd aims to enhance coordination of the eu support to advance the implementation of the cbd and doing so make more effective use of existing expertise and initiatives this will lead to greater coherence in the ways in which the eu its member states and associated countries identify and draw on available expertise improved advice and support to a range of cbd processes and a more coordinated and cooperative approach in the engagement of experts in supporting implementation of other intergovernmental agreements and processes therefore the core focus of coop4cbd is to support the increase facilitation of technical and scientific cooperation in european countries and elsewhere this will be achieved through the implementation of a set of coordination and support actions 1 building on existing networks of experts and institutions 2 engaging experts into the cbd processes 3 supporting the implementation of monitoring reporting and review and 4 increasing technical and scientific cooperation these actions are targeted at and will benefit the eu its member states and associated countries many actions and outputs of coop4cbd however will be of interest and use to other parties to the cbd
wireless deep brain stimulation through engineered multifunctinal nanomaterials

brainstorm will introduce an innovative scalable wireless multimodal nanoinvasive neuromodulation technology suitable for independent and switchable excitation and inhibition of deep brain neurons brainstorm breakthrough relies on novel smart anisotropic magnetic nanomaterials smns acting both as nanoscale heaters and as torquers by leveraging either hysteretic losses under khz frequencies or transitions from vortex to inplane magnetization under hz frequencies intrinsic bimodal functionality that permits direct control of thermosensitive or mechanosenitive neurons will be boosted by advanced polymer functionalization to transfer torques to electrical signals trough piezoelectric coating and to enable transport and delivery of viral vectors to targeted neurons for genetic targeting with sensory channels smns will also be steered to endogenous sensory channels relying on antibody targeting selected actuation of ion channels that respond to thermal or mechanical stimulus will permit selective activation or inhibition of targeted neuronal populations identifiable by magnetic resonance imaging advanced driving electronics will include to metamaterial solenoid coils for rapid frequency switch for control of mechanical or thermal functionality while focused ultrasound will facilitate non invasive delivery of smns in the targeted brain area the ability of the brainstorm platform to shape behaviour and demonstrate therapeutic potential by modulating the excitationinhibition balance through thermalmechanicalelectrical modalities will be demonstrated in mouse models of fragile x syndrome
mps nova hub advanced microphysiological systems and pluripotent stem cell technologies to unveil chronic disease mechanisms and hostmicrobe interactions

mitigating the current rise in chronic diseases and effectively addressing the enduring challenges posed by infectious diseases are pressing concerns in 21stcentury healthcare these challenges demand innovative research approaches and microphysiological systems mps have emerged as promising tools for the study of these conditions as they are capable of replicating nearnative human physiology with significant potential for precision medicine however the adoption of mps technology in portugal lags behind primarily due to the high expertise requiredto bridge this gap we will establish a european collaborative network mpsnova under the coordination of the university nova of lisbon unl this will bring together leading european institutions specializing in mps and stem cell research including ukj germany mdcbimsb germany and fht italy these will collectively offer a broad range of expertise and approaches in the field of mps and stem cell methodologies which will fortify unls existing multidisciplinary knowledge and expertise foster best practices in research and training and expand collaborative networks by doing so it will enhance the capabilities excellence visibility and reputation of unls research researchers and research management staff for this a variety of network and research activities have been devised focusing on the integration of these cuttingedge technologies at unl by facilitating collaborative projects and promoting knowledge exchange among partners key to these achievements is the upskilling of itqb nova and nms research managers who will benefit from tailored partner training in hr excellence effective management strategies and optimized communicationtogether mpsnova will create a european center of excellence in mps and stem cell research in portugal driving breakthrough advances in chronic diseases and hostmicrobe interactions benefiting basic and applied research and society at large
explore research from east to west in austria

one of three key focuses of the european researchers nights exploresearch in austria will be to enhance the understanding and promote current research in the fields of climate and sustainability with a focus on the european green deal the second key focus is citizen science which is an efficient way to democratise science and to bring the public and science closer together for enhancing both public knowledge as well as understanding of science moreover in order to open up new perspectives of seeing the world it is more than necessary to understand arts and show the diversity of research in this area in this context the third focus of the european researchers night events exploresearch will be arts research besides we will also emphasize on the horizon europe missions for the first time in austria the erns will be organised in several major cities vienna salzburg and innsbruck at the same time covering austria from east to west and enabling about a fourth of the austrian population to directly participate at the events the events will on the one hand incorporate onsite formats such as scientific booths and workshops science talks science cafes science slams the eucorner as well as several social activities to bring public and science closer together on the other hand virtual formats will integrate lectures and workshops as well as a live stream from the onsite stage program for online visitors furthermore the project incorporates a large number of preevents of which several are dedicated to researchers at schools activities support for the event and its promotion was stated by austrian ministries including also financial support other public stakeholders funding agencies and initiatives the project exploresearch integrates 7 partners with different competences backgrounds and public outreach therefore being able to implement successful european researchers nights in austria in 2022 and 2023
towards a europeanwide harmonised transport specific lca approach

transensus lca aims to develop a baseline for a europeanwide harmonised commonly accepted and applied single life cycle assessment lca approach for a zeroemission road transport system such a european single lca approach is seen as a key element in achieving the green deal targets making europe the first digitally enabled circular climateneutral and sustainable economy bringing together relevant stakeholders from industry and research an evidence and reallife databased lca approach will be conceptualised and harmonised embracing environmental economic and social aspects by consensus transensus lca will enable industry mobility providers and planners to provide sustainable products and to optimise mobility solutions as needed to combat climate change
an antigravity active device for exoskeletons to reduce the impact of workrelated musculoskeletal disorders in the logistics retailing and manufacturing sectors

we introduce a disruptive patented motion technology for exoskeletons agade it relies on a hybrid activepassive proprietary actuation system designed to reduce by 10 times electric consumption compared to common electric motors and proportionally batteries and motors weight agade aims at erasing workrelated muscular disorders through agadexo the first exoskeleton to combine lightness comfort and low environmental impact with smart compensation of physical fatigue at work it is conceived of as a modular product shoulder lowback and fullbody modules in order to increase customisation and maximise market coverage and penetration in different sectors such as logistics retailing and manufacturing our innovation disrupts the market by bringing to it hightech devices so far impossible to commercialise the innovative wearable robotic system of agadexo does not substitute the individual but it empowers physical abilities improves efficiency and satisfaction at work
stonework collective achievement in angloirish architectural production 17001800

stonework challenges the perception of architecture as a primarily conceptual activity by shifting focus from individual to collective achievement despite the emphatic materiality of architecture its history remains dominated by a sequential model which privileges the agency of individuals and ideas stoneworks fundamental premise is that architecture results from a cumulative sequence of actions involving an array of actors great and small there can be no buildings without materials and no materials without those who procure transport and fashion them how can design be related to the material from which it takes form and the skills which give it form though interdependence of systems and actors is a key scientific concept it has had inadequate impact on the study of early modern architecture stone the most valued building material of the period offers a way into architectural process which forces us to include the broader community involved in the making of buildings no other medium so fully encapsulates the sequential nature of architectural production involving a wide range of agents of varying skill and authority revealing stones hidden trajectory from quarry to wall floor column and chimneypiece will probe the nexus of skills techniques and support mechanisms developed by communities in its sourcing supply and fashioning and the impact of these processes upon building activity this crossdisciplinary research combining the history of architecture and craft with geology will produce the first holistic analysis of architecture and stone production thereby interrogating the relationship of material design and execution the prodigious classical architecture of britain and ireland in the eighteenth century richly documented in untapped archival material is an exemplary episode in monumental stone building which offers a meaningful accessible and feasible route into the complex problem of interdependence in architectural production
strengthening the excellence of additive manufacturing capabilities

additive manufacturing am has the potential to drive novel industry development as well as to transform current industries but exploiting it to the fullest requires professionals with advanced degrees who have received the highestlevel training in both technical and nontechnical competences the university of ljubljana has expertise in the direct laser deposition dld process but has several weaknesses in the areas addressed in the seamac project including material behaviour especially to master the manufacturing of functionally graded materials and to perform postprocessing of am parts to improve surface roughness hence leading scientific institutions namely technion israel institute of technology and technische universiteat bergakademie freiberg take part in the consortium the former brings expertise in material science and the latter the knowledge on plasma electrolytic polishing both institutions are very active in the am field have a lot of cooperation with industrial partners and are skilled in research management the project activities encompass technical and nontechnical cooperation and exchange of knowledge through the workshops and organisation of summer schools
multimodal configurable optical labonchip platform for lowcost multipurpose diagnostics monitoring

there is an increasing need for miniaturised multifunctional sensors providing simultaneous access to diverse chemical biochemical information required in various applications nowadays such information is routinely obtained by centralized laboratories and the use of analytical techniques although such methods will remain important when an immediate response is not necessary easytouse rapid pointofneed sensors that can be used by nonspecialized personnel or even operate in a completely automated unattended manner could be a gamechanger in a diverse range of fields such as disease management robotics or for the early detection of environmental threats nanophotonic devices that precisely control light in subwavelength volumes and enhance lightmatter interactions have opened up new prospects for sensing applications addressing the limitations of current analytical methods in terms of sensitivity easeofuse and miniaturization there are though challenges to be overcomemultilab addresses these challenges by developing a highly flexible multisensing platform compatible with wafer scale manufacturing that will integrate multiple sensing modalities to simultaneously detect biological chemical microorganism and molecular targets for medical diagnostics iotbased environmental monitoring the sensing modalities integrated in the multilab platform are a plasmonic augmented arrayed waveguide grating sensing on a si3n4 photonic platform for true scalable multiplexed detection b midir pts employing the same sin photonic platform for onchip interferometric sensing by means of mzis including also the same plasmonic devices and optical readout as for the paawg c graphitebased electrochemiluminescence sensing the system will be demonstrated in two applications a iotenabled early warning of harmful algae blooms in fresh water sources b diagnosis prognosis of fever without an apparent source
advanced simulation software with patented method optimised for battery development

today battery development is done via extensive trialanderror laboratory experiments it is extremely costly and not scalable compular has developed an advanced molecular dynamics md simulation software tailored to battery rd that enables replacing much of the tedious laboratory process with a simulationbased approach compulars innovation lies in its patented method for the analytics of md simulation outputs to provide automated detection of bonds and structures which can be analysed using statistical physics densityfunctional theory and machine learning this enables rd teams even those without computational chemists to optimise their materials by observing trends in properties before laboratory validation saving lots of time and money in the process the current pilot projects with euleading battery developers have highlighted improvements to be implemented in the simulation and user experience to fulfil our commercial potentialin this accelerator project we will conduct key activities to bring compular to trl9 and start commercialisation planned critical developments include i further enhancing our algorithms simulation methods and machine learning capabilities ii improving the user experience with a local version of the software for use on a local computer without the cloud increased cloud architectures security as well as a demo versioniii customer validations through the use of compular in the customer environment and comparison with experimental results this is particularly critical as it will demonstrate the ability of compular simulations to replace much of the timeconsuming and expensive laboratory workthe successful completion of this accelerator project will lead to break even on ebitda level in 2027 with ebitda of 52 meur and 98 meur turnover and compular becoming the new gold standard for battery development