Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
finding agreement in return

a host of irregular migrants currently live in de facto limbo conditions in europe with significant economic and human costs according to registrations less than 20 of all noneuropean nationals receiving an order to leave voluntarily return to a third country or are deported those not returning receive limited opportunities to regularize their stay since states fear that regularization attracts irregular migration and will not be supported by voters fair promises to bolster eu return migration governance by addressing the legitimacy deficits that plague policies on return and alternatives to return fair complements dominant rational choice perspectives by systematically assessing the importance of norms frames and shared meanings for intergovernmental cooperation on return together with stakeholders in eu and noneu countries fair pushes quantitative and qualitative research boundaries in the field focusing on 5 noneu georgia iraq niger nigeria turkey and 5 eu states germany italy norway poland switzerland specific contributions of fair include econometric models to reduce measurement bias in eurostat return data better measurements of europes return policies through a migration return policy index mirex causal inference analysis for all eu countries on the effects of policy and nonpolicy drivers of enforced return a large survey experiment in 10 eu countries on public support for alternatives to return policies improved guidelines for the human rights monitoring of enforced return and a negotiation and implementation game that will help international actors to reach agreement on return and readmission fair offers multidisciplinary expertise and comprises a mix of academic policy research governmental and irregular migrant advocacy organisations spanning europe africa and the middle east fair targets objectives 1 17 21 and 23 of the global migration pact and 107 168 179 1716 and 1718 of the sdgs
the first portable mass spectrometer device for rapid onsite food contaminant testing

lengthy effortconsuming labbased procedures for food contaminants detection led to delays in supply chains excessive food waste economical losses and illness of the consumers ng sensors applied its proprietary mass spectrometer msbased technology to develop a handheld molecular contaminants screener hmcs a portable and userfriendly device to assess contaminations onsite in realtime this is the first time that an ms is miniaturized without compromized sensitivity hmcs offers costeffective and timesaving contaminant assessment compared to current labbased testing significantly reducing food waste and co2 emission we will generate revenues from hmcs sales and service contracts to foodfeed processing companies in the agrifood testing market the safefood project focuses on commercial regulatory and pilot studies to ensure hmcs market readiness and commercialization to its market launch in 2023 that forecasts an annual revenue of 275m rising to 74m in 2027
comprehensive fast userfriendly and thoroughly validated opensource energy system planning framework

the overall objective of mopo is to develop a validated userfriendly featurerich innovative and wellperforming energy system modelling toolset to serve public authorities network operators industry and academia to plan sustainable and resilient energy systems in a costeffective mannermopo will include 1 component tools to produce all necessary energy system data 2 system tool to manage data scenarios and modelling workflows to visualise data and to maintain datasets in multiuser environment without losing the track of changes 3 planning tool to optimise all energy sectors in detail including sector specific physics and highly flexible representation of temporal spatial and technological aspects user can choose how to model depending on the specific needs the project is based on existing stateoftheart tools including spine toolbox and spineopt the advanced capabilities will be demonstrated through an industrial case with detailed sectorspecific physics and paneuropean case resilient pathwaysthe project will also produce an open access paneuropean dataset at hourly temporal resolution and high spatial resolution nuts2 capable it can be fed into spineopt or used by other modelling groups mopo tools can recreate data at resolution required by the enduser also for future climatesenduser requirements feedback and tool validations will be important part of mopo the consortium includes representatives from all enduser categories partners will also have skills in userinterfaces computational efficiency data processing code testing community building and all aspects related to energy systems technologies sectors resourcesmopo project aims to benefit 60 of network operators and public authorities within 2 years of the project end the tools will be modular which allows different organisations to adopt the parts that benefit their existing modelling systems
collective dynamics in rydberg arrays

in recent years neutral atoms in tweezer arrays have gained prominence as scalable platforms for a variety of quantum technology applications primarily due to the powerful collective dynamics offered by the rydberg blockade mechanism as the platforms size continues to grow there is an increasing theoretical emphasis on devising protocols that predominantly utilize global atom driving given the persistent challenges associated with individual atom addressing in this research proposal the applicant will deepen the understanding of the complex collective dynamics inherent to rydberg arrays with the objective of formulating innovative scalable protocols that minimize the reliance on local controls he will investigate a brand new set of dynamics made accessible via the strategic inclusion of proper arrangement of atoms superatoms and rydberg gadgets for quantum computation and optimization purposes leveraging the hosts deep expertise in the field
targeting the metabolic dependencies of metastatic tumor cells

metastasis is responsible for over 90 of deaths that occur in patients with cancer so far there are no therapies that precisely target a metastatic disease due to the limited number of efficient druggable targetsrecently i discovered in melanoma circulating tumor cells are depending on arginine for their survival in addition i revealed that liver metastases specifically upregulate their alanine metabolism during metastasis thus metastatic cells at different stages have dependencies on unique amino acids aa while most research focuses on the primary stage my proposal will focus on the missing gap aiming to prevent metastases formation based on these new paradigmchanging discoveries i hypothesize that metastatic cells modulate their aa metabolism during metastatic progression and targeting the unique aa dependencies will decrease their survival and metastatic potential using sophisticated in vivo metastasis assays both in mouse and in patient cuttingedge mass spectrometry and in vivo isotope tracing technologies i will identify metastasisspecific inhibitors by investigating the following questions i how does arginine support melanoma cell survival in circulation by using metabolomics stable isotope tracer analysis and transplantation assays both in mouse and human i will uncover how we can use this unique aa dependency of ctcs as a novel target iihow does metabolic heterogeneity in the circulating tumor cells support organotropism to mechanically dissect metastatic organotropism i will map metabolic differences in melanoma metastases and also examine how we can target alanine metabolism to block metastases the understanding of aa adaptation of cancer cells is essential for the prevention of metastasis my results will reveal new metabolic pathways that are required by metastasizing cells in vivo and therefore will fundamentally advance the ability to develop new targeted therapies for preventing early and latestage metastatic cancer
powertox streaming hydrogen from 3band solar cells boosted with photonic management

xstream will sprout a new era of sustainable power sources based in photovoltaic pv systems which are not bounded by fundamental limits that hamper the efficiency of conventional solar cells and endowed with energy storage via a synergetic coupling with electrochemistry ec this will be achieved via an unprecedented energypackage integrating two disruptive advances1 light management via quantum structuring amplified by photonic trapping to create 3band pv a new trend that will be launched realized with widebandgap nanostructured solar cells capable of pronouncedly converting photon energies below their bandgap thus exploiting the broad solar spectral range this will allow for the first time to increase the efficiency of singlejunction pv towards a 50 theoretical maximum which is close to the limiting efficiency of triplejunction cells but here is attained with a singlejunction2 smart combination between pv cells and ec flow cells in compact pvec devices that deliver the energy in hydrogen h2 fuel synthesized from water splitting enabling close to 30 solartoh2 efficiency with high operation stability by capitalizing on a high voltage per junction of the 3band pv technology which is favourable to drive the ec reactions b thermal coupling between pv and ec in single devices which naturally provides heat management of both systemsthe targeted fuel is a highly convenient energy vector in view of the present european urgency for a resilient competitive and environmentfriendly h2 economy all the project developments will be attractive for industrial deployment since mostly earthabundant materials and scalable processes are applied so that the pvec prototypes can be easily customized and scaled for different usesthe expertise of the pi team and his network of collaborators in nanotechnology multiband pv photonics for lighttrapping and solar fuels via pvec places him in the best position to realize xstream goals
the response of coccolithophores calcifying marine phytoplankton to trace metals and alkalinity enhancement

keeping global warming below 2c will require drastic reductions or even planetaryscale negative emissions that must be initiated within this decade to remove hundreds of gigatons of co2 from the atmosphere ocean alkalinity enhancement oae is one of the most promising methods to actively remove co2 from the atmosphere whereby suitable rocks are extracted pulverised and dispersed over the oceans or land surfaces co2 is chemically absorbed during weathering and safely stored mainly as bicarbonate for geological timescales however the effect of introducing gigatons of alkalinity and dissolved metals in marine pelagic ecosystems remains mainly unknown tramae will be among the first to investigate some of the most relevant impacts of oae and associated trace metals released by alkaline material on coccolithophores calcifying marine phytoplankton which are major drivers of the marine carbon and calcium carbonate cycles as they contribute 110 to marine primary production and 50 to pelagic calcium carbonate sedimentation the project aims at quantifying if and how an increase in alkalinity stimulates calcifiers and to what extent this would offset or strengthen the efficiency of oae next to the focus on the calcification response towards oae tramae aims to investigate the environmental effect of the most relevant dissolution products ie trace metals released by the minerals employed for enhancing alkalinity on the marine phytoplanktonic community this is an urgent need to evaluate the possible risks in the realworld of the application of oae the fellowship will be carried out at geomar kiel germany where the proponent will be included in a team of experts on oae in marine biology and geosciences the results will be disseminated to raise awareness of global changes and ocean ecosystem dynamics tramae will be spearheading the assessment of oae which may become an essential tool to counteract climate change
mapping and direct sequencing of the noncanonical cap code

from their creation to their degradation mrnas are under extensive regulation this regulation is directed not only by their nucleotide sequence and their promoter but also by post and cotranscriptional modifications attached to the rna one of the most ubiquitous of these modifications in eukaryotes is the 5 cap typically a methylated guanine m7g attached inversely to the first transcribed nucleotide several decades of research have revealed the m7g cap as an interface for regulating stability splicing polyadenylation localization and translation the m7g cap was long presumed to be the only functional cap in eukaryotes but this view was recently overturned by the discovery of the noncanonical nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nad cap following this several other eukaryotic cap structures were discovered nadh flavin adenine dinucleotide fad uridine diphosphate glucose udpglc and uridine diphosphate nacetylglucosamine udpglcnac the function of most noncanonical caps is unknown but their presence suggests the existence of a regulatory cap codecurrently the complete cap structure can only be identified through bulk methods that cleave caps from their transcripts thereby losing the link between mrnas and their specific caps for nadcaps enrichment techniques exist that can be followed by sequencing but no such method exists for other noncanonical caps and no sequencing method exists that can identify more than one cap this limitation is a significant obstacle in understanding the cap code and the function of its more enigmatic membersthe objective of this project is to 1 develop a novel singlemolecule method that can directly sequence native caps with their fulllength rna transcripts 2 use this method to characterize the capome across tissues and development and 3 use the resulting temporal and spatial atlas of capped rnas to determine the function of noncanonical caps and understand the noncanonical cap code
tracking adaptation of nave t cells to distinct organs to decode organspecific immune diseases

organspecific immunemediated inflammatory diseases imids have a growing socioeconomic impact due to their steadily increasing incidence at least two aspects are still unclear what immunological mechanisms restrict these diseases to one or a set of specific organs and what triggers the continuously increasing incidence particularly in industrialized countries increasing exposure to harmful environmental triggers such as pollution but also western diet have been suggested as potential reasons we propose that when locally active immune cells are perturbed by harmful environmental triggers this leads to organspecific imidsnave cd4 t cells have so far been considered a quasihomogenous and inert population excluded from organs therefore their contribution to organspecific imids has been overlooked contrary to this there is evidence that nave t cells circulate through organs and diversify into different subpopulations reflecting the organ they patrol this project aims to reveal whether organ adaptation of nave t cells in steady state is one of the key mechanisms contributing to the organization of the immune system into districts of competence ie areas of inflammation we also aim to understand whether organspecific nave t cells responding to harmful environmental triggers set the early premise for the development of organspecific imidswe will study this using a unique portfolio of healthy and diseased human organs in combination with multimodal singlecell technologies to gain an unprecedented resolution in the analysis of nave t cells next we will use mouse models and 3d human cocultures to test nave t cell function and response to environmental triggers this project will influence the current understanding of how the activity of the immune system is adapted and distributed throughout the body which will also push the boundary of precision medicine to consider organspecific nave t cells when designing future immunotherapies
a digitised approach to the political history of early modern critique 15001700

critique represents a fundamental notion of modern european societies it is at least according to our own selfunderstanding by thinking and acting critically that is by thinking for ourselves and by resisting authority that we distinguish ourselves from societies that came before us and from those with which we continue to coexist however in stark contrast to critiques contemporary political importance exemplified by its enthronement in educational institutions and its consecration by the labour market the specifically political aspects of critiques history remain either taken for granted or acutely underexploredhow did it come to be that the concept of critique selfevidently implies the emancipatory ability to think for oneself when and how did the concept of critique become inseparably tied with the revolutionary imperative to resist authority what were the general ideological assumptions and specific political implications of these conceptualisations which social groups championed such a comprehension of critique and which historical struggles structured its conceptual elaboration against which rival comprehensions antagonistic social entities and conflicting political agendas did this version of critique establish itself as the legitimate and the dominant oneamid growing theoretical concerns related to critiques intellectual social and political efficiency answers to these historical questions are urgently needed if critical thought and critical action are to maintain their central role in the functioning of modern european societiesdepict will contribute to this endeavour in a timely manner by providing an original account of the socioeconomic confessional and political coordinates of the emergence of the concept of critique in the early modern period and of the various ideologies structuring its mobilisation in the 16th and 17th century
decoding leukemiaimmune cell dynamics by organismwide cellular interaction mapping

cellular interactions are of fundamental importance in life orchestrating organismal development tissue homeostasis and immunity in the immune system cellcell interactions act as central hubs for information processing and decision making that collectively determine the outcome of complex immune responses in leukemias a cancer originating from immature immune cells a multilayered network of cellular interactions between immune and leukemic cells underlies effective immune control of the cancer immune evasion and response to immunotherapies however technical limitations in studying cellcell interactions restrict our understanding into these highly complex and dynamic processes in order to overcome this limitation i propose to develop a novel interactomics approach capable of characterizing millions of cellular interactions across complex organ systems entire organisms and patient cohorts applying the interactomics approach to sophisticated leukemia mouse models will enable us to dissect the dynamic cellular interaction networks between antigenspecific t cells bystander immune cells and leukemic cells that drive antileukemia immunity and immune evasion in combination with the in vivo perturbation of cellular interactions this will allow us to systematically decode the cellular logic of how the complex leukemiaimmune interplay determines the disease course additionally by making use of leukemia patient cohorts which are either responsive or nonresponsive to immunotherapy treatment we will unravel previously unknown therapy resistance mechanisms and predict therapy response together our approach will set the basis for a comprehensive understanding of the leukemiaimmune cell crosstalk underlying immune control immune escape and therapy response and may serve as a blueprint to fundamentally expand our insights into other biological processes driven by cellular interactions
disentangling processes controlling trophic connectivity between coastal and oceanic pelagic food webs

the pelagic food web plays an important role in nutrient recycling and the production of food for commercially harvested species especially in highly productive marine ecosystems however processes controlling the structure function and connectivity of inshoreoffshore pelagic food webs in these systems are far from understood although it is wellknown that food supply is a key factor driving these processes therefore a better understanding of nutrient sources and dynamics as well as trophic connections modulating the pelagic food web in these ecosystems is required to design effective conservation and management strategies in a changing ocean while analytical techniques to quantify and track nutrient fluxes across the food web were previously lacking recent advances in compoundspecific stable isotope csia biogeochemistry provide a unique opportunity to assess and quantify trophic linkages between inshoreoffshore pelagic food webs the main aim of my proposal acronym pelcon is to distinguish the input of different sources of production associated with inshore productive and offshore oligotrophic pelagic food webs in hawaii oligotrophic north pacific subtropical gyre using stable isotopes of carbon 13c and nitrogen 15n in bulk tissues and individual amino acids ie csiaaa i also aim to develop indicators of trophic inshoreoffshore connectivity based on stable isotope signatures that can be used to help predict global patterns in horizontal carbon and nitrogen flux in the coastalocean system for this i will compare the mechanisms coupling coastaloceanic food webs between hawaii island and a dynamic region in the ne atlantic ocean galicia nw spain influenced by seasonal upwelling for which i will apply the same isotopic techniques importantly this proposal will allow me to gain new skills and learn the latest isotopic techniques further developing my research portfolio while advancing our knowledge of food web dynamics
photoinduced enantiomeric separation on chip

separating the two enantiomeric versions of a chiral molecule is crucial for ensuring the safety of pharmacological drugs and agrochemicals for the human body and the environment however the enantiomeric separation process at industrial level through chiral chromatography is costly and slow as a result 90 of chiral pharmaceutical drugs and agrochemicals are being sold as racemic mixturesthe piesonchip project aims at exploiting enantioselective optical forces produced in siliconbased photonic integrated circuits pics to separate enantiomers the chiral lightmatter interaction between the light guided throughout the pic and the enantiomers results in a momentum transfer due to optical forces that move the particles of opposite chirality in opposite directions leading to their photoinduced enantiomeric separation pies the pic would be easy to massproduce at low cost per device thus making optical enantiomeric separation more viable at industry level guided modes along integrated rectangular waveguides demonstrated inherent transversal andor longitudinal spin which generates chiral optical forces that could be used for separating chiral particles in the transversal andor longitudinal direction although the use of siliconbased waveguides is promising they still lack more strength in the optical forces that can exert on smaller particles like molecules partially due to the simple designs of the tested pics this requires new strategies to enhance enantioselective interactionsthe piesonchip novel approach consists in inversely designing the pic with topology optimization with the objective of maximizing the produced enantioselective optical forces next we will fabricate the optimized pic and measure the generated chiral optical forces with photoinduced force microscopy finally we will deliver the chiral particles over the pic with a microfluidic layer and experimentally verify the laserdriven enantiomericseparation on chip