Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
sustainable succinic acid production using an integrated electrochemical bioreactor and renewable feedstock

lucra will exploit the eus underutilized and abundant municipal solid waste and wood waste as feedstocks for the large scale production of platform building block biobased chemicals at high yield with significant industrial enduser interest using a circular bioeconomy biorefinery approach it will provide optimized and scaleable breakthrough first of a kind innovative technology to create a step change from pilot to large scale integrated fermentation with novel electrochemical extraction of succinic acid sa at trl7 that will facilitate its industrial implementation business models and market feasibility this will be achieved by the circular utilization of the mentioned renewable resources as feedstocks which will reduce to a large extent the dependence on fossil resources and achieves at the same time a sustainable sa production route to fit the needs of the industrial level lucra will optimize the hydrolysis process of the different feedstocks to obtain efficient cellulose and hemicellulose conversion enzymatic cocktails will be demonstrated aiming to maximize hydrolysis of fermentable carbohydrate content with low inhibitors production the crude sugarrich hydrolysates will be used as fermentation feedstock in an electrochemical membrane bioreactor for efficient extraction and production of sa in situ extraction of sa will be achieved through an anion exchange membrane resulting in simultaneous acidification concentration lower naoh consumption for ph regulation and less unit operations for sa purification to demonstrated the produced sa that will be able to compete directly their fossilbased counterparts from petrochemical processes different polyurethane dispersions and resins will be produced at semiindustrial scale the process implemented in lucra targeting to reduce the cost of biosa and will demonstrate an 50 ghg reduction against conventional sa
scalable learning for reproducibility in highdimensional biomedical signal processing a robust data science framework

data science has quickly expanded the boundaries of signal processing and statistical learning beyond their accustomed domains powerful and complex machine learning architectures have evolved to distinguish relevant information from randomness artifacts and irrelevant data however existing learning frameworks lack computationally scalable tractable and robust methods for highdimensional data consequently discoveries for example in genomic data can be the result of coincidental findings that happen to reach statistical significance as long as groundbreaking advances in biotechnology are not accompanied by appropriate learning frameworks valuable efforts are spent on researching false positives screeningdata develops a coherent fast and scalable learning framework that jointly addresses the fundamental challenges of drastically reducing computational complexity providing statistical and robustness guarantees and quantifying reproducibility in largescale and highdimensional settings an unprecedented approach is developed that builds upon very recent work of the pi the underlying concept is to repeat randomized controlled experiments that use computergenerated fake variables as negative controls to trigger an early stopping of the learning algorithms thereby mitigating the socalled curse of dimensionality in contrast to existing methods the proposed methods are completely tractable and scalable to ultrahigh dimensions the gains of developing advanced robust learning methods that are computed ultrafast and with tight guarantees on the targeted rate of false positives are enormous they lead to new reproducible discoveries that can be made with high statistical power due to the fundamental nature and the broad applicability of the proposed learning methods the impacts of this project extend far beyond the considered biomedical signal processing usecases benefitting all scientific domains that analyze highdimensional data
stochastic thermodynamics of biochemical replication

the main goal of this project will be to construct a thermodynamically consistent comprehensive model for biochemical replication using stochastic thermodynamics and control theoryi will subjugate the process of kinetic proofreading kpr to several thermodynamic bounds that have recently been discovered in order to study the thermodynamic performance of this process this will be done by considering the process as a chemical reaction network where a sequence of irreversible steps consume energy to increase replication accuracy and are hence bounded by fundamental nogo theorems such as the thermodynamic uncertainty relation tur or the thermodynamic speed limit tsl i then investigate how the topology and reaction rates of the kpr network can be optimized with respect to error rate and dissipation by means of machine learning to deduce how close biological systems operate to these bounds subsequently i will extend the results to the conformational proofreading cpr process where an energy handicap is added to the free energy to increase binding specificity at the expense of binding affinity the cpr is a proofreading scheme that does not consume energy by burning atpgtp so the entropy production has its origin in the conformational changefinally i test the robustness of the aforementioned kpr and cpr networks in realistic systems the kinetic rates can fluctuate as a consequence of eg temperature or chemical density variations which can possibly destabilize the network and lead to more errors in the replication process this will be done by considering the networks as inputoutput systems that can be studied by control theory this provides fundamental bounds such as bodes sensitivity integral to complement the tur and tsl i expect that the research results will lead to a better understanding of the fundamental limits on error correction in biological systems and will inspire further research in biophysics and structural biology
innovative high temperature heat pump for flexible industrial systems

iups aims to develop and validate a firstofakind foak costeffective and reliable hightemperature industrial heat pump fully integrated in a flexible energy system for industrial medium temperature 400c heat decarbonisation iups validate up to trl 5 a firstofakind hightemperature heat pump hthp based on stirling cycles and exploiting a nontoxic inert zero ozone depletion potential odp and zero global warming potential gwp fluid able to deliver decarbonized heat up to 400c no other commercial alternatives are available achieving this heat delivery temperature at efficiencies higher than 100 the developed heat pump provides enhanced performance thanks to the optimization of key subcomponents such as optimized static and dynamic sealing solutions and compact heat exchangers enabled by genetic algorithm based design optimization and additive manufacturing techniques iups provides also a seamless integration of the developed high temperature heat pump in flexible energy systems including molten salts based thermal energy storage tes for ondemand decarbonized industrial heat based on res electricity this effective integration will be attained thanks to the design and development of purposelyoptimized compact heat exchangers pressurized gas to molten salts which will ensure reliable high temperature operation and fast plugandplay installation the integrated heat pump configuration proposed by iups will enable higher modularity flexibility and efficiency for heating decarbonisation also leveraging waste heat recovery and contributing to the circularity of the industrial sector iups will contribute to heating flexible electrification permitting a broader penetration of res and facilitating and maximizing the market penetration of heat pumps in industrial contexts
language geography and the dynamics of linguistic and population prehistory

the languge redux project addresses the continuing challenge of understanding the processes that have shaped linguistic diversity aiming to push deeper into linguistic prehistory the main questions it will be concerned with are how did languages come to be distributed the way they are and can we identify parts of the world where particularly old linguistic distributions are preserved the project will harness tools from geography and macroecology to pursue a radically new strongly datadriven approach to explore these questions while historical linguistics has traditionally focused on language spread and language expansion the language redux project will instead turn to the processes in which the range of languages is reduced before they are ultimately replaced by other languages it will explore the commonalities of the places in which languages survive later waves of language expansion longest socalled redux areas and derive an account of geographical factors that favor the conservation of old linguistic distributions from them the projects main aim is to test the geospatial layering hypothesis which states that we can extrapolate from redux areas to identify those parts of the world that preserve earlier linguistic distributions hosting deep lineages and typological structures that were once more common generally if confirmed this would be a breakthrough in historical linguistics and open up perspectives on linguistic and population prehistory that are hitherto unavailable to explore this the language redux project will establish a research framework in which qualitative historical evidence on different time scales is engaged with spatial statistics processbased quantitative modeling and stateoftheart typological methods in addition the framework will take into account genetic evidence as a proxy for demographic prehistory and thereby embed the language redux project in an interdisciplinary research landscape on human prehistory
a multilayered omics study to understand the dynamics leading to morphological progression in pulmonary fibrosis

the aim of this research project is to understand the dynamics within the progressing fibrotic lung to identify biologically meaningly interactions which could serve as treatable targets in the future therefore we will use a spatially resolved study setup involving multiple layers of cuttingedge omics technologies wherein the inherent variability will be used as a surrogate for disease progression by indepth quantification of disease extent using microct and different staining techniques
passive solar evaporators for green desalination technologies

clean freshwater is an essential ingredient for healthy human life however over 11 billion people worldwide lack access to freshwater with our already depleted natural freshwater resources and push towards climate neutrality outlined by the uns sustainable development goals there is significant stress on the worlds water purification technologies capillarydriven solar evaporation provides a very promising basis for the development of costeffective deployable and ecofriendly freshwater solutions to deal with this pressing global challenge solar evaporation is energy intensive however and the contamination of the capillary structures can block fluid pathways leading to a low water yield the concept of exploiting hydrogels as capillarydriven evaporators cde in carbonfree solar desalination offers the exciting prospect of high efficiencies costeffective materials and longevity however the transport characteristics thermofluidic behaviour and in situ structural dynamics that affect freshwater generation are not properly understood this project aims to develop and demonstrate highefficiency passive solarwater desalination devices by gaining an insitu noninvasive insight into the underlying physics of hydrogel cdes using xray inspection xriprof evelyn n wangs research lab at mit device research laboratory drl is a global leader in nanoscale transport phenomena materials chemistry and converting nanoscale to the devicelevel the drl will train me in these areas and provide facilities for fabrication xri and devicelevel solarwater simulation during the outgoing phase i will be incorporated into mits training environment thereby enabling my personal growth and career development understanding of climate challenges and awareness of diversity issues on return to the bernal institute i hope to establish myself as a leading investigator in the clean water sector creating a new research group within europe
synthesis of pimagnetic molecular materials

onsurface generation and characterization under ultrahigh vacuum uhv of conjugated graphenic frameworks that have openshell electronic structure magnetism have been an advanced and active area of research since the successful nanoscale fabrication of triangulene in 2017 however the stability afforded by onsurfae techniques under uhv carries its own bane products remain on the solid substrate support limiting yields and thus their incorporation to more complex functional molecules and devices synthesis of pimagnetic molecular materials spim aims 1 to contribute new magnetic molecules realizable in bulk by solutionphase methods and 2 to explore their incorporation into functional molecular architectures and devices spim will take advantage of chemistries of closedshell polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that use bulky functional groups for solubilizationthe same functional groups which protect otherwise reactive radicals in these openshell structuresin order to realize magnetic molecules in bulk outside the uhv this would facilitate their incorporation into stimuliresponsive molecular materials srms complex functional molecular architectures that could allow modulation of spin or magnetic state by an external stimuli lastly spim will explore their feasibility for oleds and faraday rotators applications hitherto unexplored in nanoscale onsurface studies under uhv spim will use a combination of synthetic chemistries from different fields chemical photophysical and electrochemical characterization techniques and device testingmeasurement in order to realize the immense potential of these molecules for applications outside the uhv chamber
bioinspired cellular actuators

biceps aims to revolutionize mechanical motion generation by designing developing and fabricating muscleinspired actuators these innovative microscale devices will be based on active cellular metamaterials capable of contracting in response of a stimuli emulating the functional mechanisms of a remarkable biological actuator this objective will be realized through the continuous integration of stiff structural materials with active stimuliresponsive counterparts multimaterial additive manufacturing and allied technologies will allow the fabrication of artificial sarcomere incorporating into 2d and 3d actuator arrays and enabling macroscopicscale contraction generating force through collective unit cell deformation this groundbreaking approach overcomes the limitations associated with current active polymeric materials in soft robots particularly their lack of structural stability biceps aims to produce robust enduring and reliable actuators suitable for various technical applications potentially replacing conventional electric motors and combustion engines in diverse sectors such as industrial residential and transportation a critical priority for biceps is addressing the challenges associated with fabricating microarchitected cellular materials using highstrength materials the risk involves uncovering optimal additive manufacturing postprocessing conditions and elucidate the principals of the actuator the consortiums expertise in multimaterial additive manufacturing will play a crucial role in ensuring precision and performance of muscleinspired actuators the potential market opportunities for these new actuators are immense even capturing a modest 1 of the global motor market could represent a significant investment opportunity given the projected growth and value of the sector
longitudinal educational achievements reducing inequalities

europe is home to some of the most highly educated societies in the world however deep inequalities in education remain both within and between countries in europe inequalities in learning outcomes access to education and final educational attainment in europe have been worsening and it is important to understand how socioeconomic status gender ethnic and migrant status are associated with inequalities over the lifecourse for this a longitudinal approach is needed and project learn longitudinal educational achievements reducing inequalities will highlight short medium and longterm patterns of inequalities with a view to supporting educational policymaking in being able to robustly address these inequalities with interventions which are evidence based using a case study approach in nine carefully selected countries which capture the diversity of europes education systems learn will map and collect existing data providing original analysis of a range of highquality education focused longitudinal educational data sets across europe learn will identify interventions that compensate educational inequalities by providing a synthesis of existing work across europe examining specific trends in educational inequalities and interventions intended to reduce them learn will then go on to develop tools for policymakers related to the findings of longitudinal analysis which support them in the policy making process through improving the evidence base for education policy making the positive impact of learn is likely to be felt for decades to come
b cell engineering and tertiary lymphoid structure induction via biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy

recent clinical evidence points to a potential new direction in immunooncology utilizing b cells and b cellassociated tertiary lymphoid structures tls b cells display diverse immunological actions including antibody production antigen presentation cytokine secretion and tls induction they have a dual role they can initiate and reinforce anticancer immunity but b cells can also acquire regulatory phenotypes to open up a new immunotherapeutic paradigm i aim to understand how to optimally activate b cells using nanobiomaterials which load and precisely release a variety of agents to stimulate b cells and to suppress b cell regulatory phenotypes furthermore i will manufacture porous scaffolds based on injectable microgels or via 3d printing with microgel fibers to induce tls formation the scaffolds with tunable porosity will allow b cells and other immunestromal cells to infiltrate arrange and expand and soluble factors to diffuse moreover the scaffolds can be easily functionalized with different chemical cues to stimulate b cells for tls formation such as cxcchemokine ligand 13 and interleukin7 this will help us understand tls induction importantly i will use ex vivo engineered tls to study what microenvironmental factors influence their functionality subsequently in vivo formation of b cellassociated tls will be induced by the scaffolds b cell activation and tls induction will be combined for tumor therapy and potential abscopal effect of the treatment to address metastases will be studied the materials will be further combined with checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy to reach synergism in addition the new therapeutic strategies will be tested in patientderived tumors established in humanized mice beatit aims to understand optimal b cell activation and tls formation with nanobiomaterials to establish a new direction in immunooncology which is anticipated to realize an upcoming breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy
new strategies for the early diagnosis risk stratification and comanagement of familial hypercholesterolemia

familial hypercholesterolemia fh is the most common inherited metabolic disorder in the world with about 25 million europeans affected an accurate diagnosis through genetic testing confirms the disorder in only about 50 of the cases different effective treatments to reduce cardiovascular disease exist however these highrisk individuals are not being clinically identified fhearly will enable new strategies for earlier diagnosis and comanagement of familial hypercholesterolemia facilitated by welldefined data flows identifying new mechanisms through multiomics explainable ai modelling and cocreation with families with fh and caregivers its specific objectives are1use cocreation methods to involve fh patients families and care teams during the project2enhance 4 federated multimodal datasets collated from established cohorts and realworld datasets3conduct largescale functional characterization of fhrelated gene variants to illuminate affected protein function and the variability of the fh phenotype4develop and test an integrative precision health profiling methodology using explainable ai for fh risk prediction5test and validate a new chip array for early diagnosis6establish clinical and health economic benefits for the signature biomarker in a multicenter interventional study for fh screening7integrate the early signature biomarker into clinical practice to improve treatment selection and risk assessment of fh and severe hypercholesterolemia patients fhearly will deliver a chip array for earlier cheaper diagnosis a signature biomarker assay for unique risk stratification and a xai driven integrative precision health profiling tool these will help reduce the burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease while shifting towards a holistic comanagement approach including healthier living in families with fh this will have a significant impact on cardiovascular health for families with fh and the wider population
a new generation of active matter models

the development of nonequilibrium statistical physics has provided a powerful tool to understand anddescribe the collective dynamics of a wide range of chemical biological and social systems in thisframework active matter has raised as one of the most significant topics in this domain mainlyaddressing the features of manybody dynamics with selfpropelled units such as bacteria colonies birdflocks and pedestrians walks based on the observation of collective motion like size synchronization andwave propagation in epithelial tissues we will introduce a new class of active matter models tounderstand the microscopic physical mechanisms underlying these dynamics motivated by the physicalcomplexity of biological units we will extend the concept of activity to the ability of the individualparticle to change an internal degree of freedom related to its size or to an energetic landscape and wewill explore the nonequilibrium phase transitions and collective behavior originating from this propertyour research project consists of three main objectives i we will first extensively investigate the phasediagram of actively deforming particles and compare it to the experimental observations to capture theessential mechanisms of phase transitions and wave propagation ii we will then explore the interplaybetween phase synchronization and microscopic energy landscapes to understand the minimal ingredientsfor liquidliquid phase separation where two fluids spontaneously separate from a mixed phase iii wewill finally study the energetics of these models quantifying the energy gaincost of each phase andstudying how phase transitions can be optimized the exploration of these models represents a potentialbreakthrough in the physics of soft matter clarifying the microscopic ingredients at the basis of severalchemical and biological dynamics and introducing a fertile ground for the emergence of new physics