Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
probing the visible lightdriven photocatalytic mechanism to improve the photocatalytic performance of carbon nanodots cnds

to address the global energy crisis photocatalysis is one of the most advanced green and clean technologies for converting pollutants into fuel however lowcost photocatalysts with essential properties for hydrogen evolution reaction her and co2 reduction reaction co2rr are very rare after the accidental discovery of carbon nanodots cnds in 2004 it is emerging as the rising star in photocatalysis due to readily lowcost synthesis high water solubility good photostability and the position of conduction bands to afford catalytic reaction however on the one hand research in visiblelightdriven photocatalytic water splitting and co2 reduction using cnd catalyst is still in its infancy due to the very low molar extinction coefficients in the visible range on the other hand the contemporary literature fails to provide the actual mechanism of photocatalysis in cnd materials to date the photocatalytic mechanism in cnd materials mostly covered either single electron transfer or photobase effect indeed her co2rr cannot be ensured by single electron transfer alone electron transfer in conjunction with proton transfer commonly referred to as protoncoupled electron transfer is crucial to connect the actual multiple electrons and protons transfer therefore exploring the proper photocatalytic mechanism in cnd materials based on comprehensive globally analyzed timeresolved photophysical survey starting from femtoseconds to milliseconds and beyond using pumpprobe transient absorption spectroscopy is an open research task in addition i will explore different synthetic strategies to increase molar extinction coefficients across the visible region to exploit the entire solar spectrum and increase the effective number of photogenerated carriers thus our combined multidisciplinary approaches in synthesis characterization and application will definitely usher in a new era of nanomaterials research for new generations of energy sources
crosskic global outreach

the crosskic global outreach programme was established in 2018 to act as a bridge linking the eits innovation ecosystem with those of innovation valleys around the world forging synergies with global innovation leaders and creating significant value for the european economy alongside the local ecosystems the cluster currently comprises a well established and successful eit hub in israel and silicon valley and an additional global platform dedicated to expanding the reach of eit to new locations was established in 2023 as will be detailed in this business plan under the new leadership of eit health a new hub will be established in the uk as of january 2024the global outreach programme creates significant value for the eit community as well as the outreach location with tangible success stories and concrete results from the past 4 years of activity these stand to show the significant collaborations that have been forged in each outreach location the impact of creating significant ties between europe and these strategic global innovation valleys the strong brand awareness that has been carefully crafted and the intricate thought process that has been put into creating a strong foundation for each hubthis business plan for the next three years 2023 2025 builds upon this strong foundation that has been established and lays out the groundwork for further strengthening the existing israel hub and creating a flexible and on demand global platform that will further expand eits global footprint the growth of the global outreach programme with an additional global platform with programmes in multiple locations will be based upon the scale of successful programmes that have a strong foundation and adapting them to the needs and risks of the local ecosystemsthe bp will show the strengthening and expansion of the global outreach programme stands in eits best interests connecting talents knowledge and key players worldwide to tackle societal challenges
a novel exploration toolkit for finding geothermal heat efficiently and sustainably

geothermal energy can provide a climatefriendly baseload for heat and power that is independent from wind and sun however the growth of geothermal energy lags behind eu targets this is because geothermal energy projects have comparatively high technical and economic risks which impacts public support negatively and holds back investment reliable exploration strategies that have inherently lower economic and technical risks and hence increase public support are key to drastically reducing these barriersfindheat develops a novel conceptual modelbased geothermal exploration workflow a modular toolkit the findheat platform provides innovative software tools and geophysical exploration techniques at significantly lower costs than the stateoftheart the platform will be validated across eight geologically diverse geothermal plays to demonstrate its economic and technical benefits arising from faster turnaround times for exploration and appraisal of geothermal resources making better use of legacy data and noninvasive geophysical techniques and constraining uncertainties with respect to the size of the heat source and the range of possible heat production rates the findheat exploration approach enables geologicallybased resource assessments and will lead to a paradigm shift towards exploiting geothermal resources with inherently low technical and economic risks thus improving exploration success and economic feasibility comprehensive social science research at the use cases will help to earn the public trust that the findheat approach will lead to a more efficient and sustainable exploitation of geothermal energyfindheat brings together extensive expertise and innovation from industry and academia covering geology geophysics engineering social science economics communication and technical training the industry partners of the consortium are direct end users of the findheat platform and will exploit the results in their daily operations
zero waste heat vessel towards relevant energy savings also thanks to it technologies

zhenit overall objective is to promote waste heat recovery whr as key and readytoimplement solutions to achieve 2030 imoeu targets for shipping sector decarbonization zhenit goal is to fully untap onboard wh potential developing and validating whr solutions at different temperature levels towards the exploitation of wh for different onboard services cooling power desalination thus able to valorise heat in different vessel processes like whtotrigeneration via an innovative recuperated orc integrated with an heat pumpt with ejector t100c ntua whtocooling and desalination via an adsorption system 70t100c sorptionitae whtomechanical work eg for fuel compression via an isobaric expansion ie engine t100c tecnaliaent a validation campaign trl5 will showcase how whtox if properly integrated with digital solutions energy monitoring and optimized management sigla kyma and wind hybrid propulsion wingsail by bound4blue can bring to a 25 reduction of vessel energy consumption validation results will drive a replication roadmap at regulatory and economic level towards 20272030 marketability of zhenit solutions also thanks to realization of replication feasibility studies via modelling tools and approaches already exploited for terrestrial application the ambitious goal is to integrate all whtox solutions towards a zero wh vessel the project is driven by a consortium of 13 partners from 6 countries composed by innovative smes and excellent rd centres expert in both whr systems and sustainable shipping and coordinated by an innovation oriented engineering company rinac one of the most important eu naval classification body with a deep expertise in sustainable shipping and with a track record of multidisciplinary eu rd project management the project will be promoted at eu level at policyregulation making level also interacting with key platforms like zewt imo thanks to rinas support too
amyloid clearance in alzheimers disease unravelling the role of endocytic pathways of endothelial cells

alzheimers disease ad is an ageassociated irreversible neurodegenerative disorder fundamental neuropathological hallmark of this disease is the accumulation of the amyloidbeta a peptide in the extracellular space and its aggregation in the brain interestingly critical role for a healthy brain is played by clearance mechanisms of endothelial cells which traverse the peptide through the blood brain barrier bbb a highly selective semipermeable border studies in recent years have shown that endothelial cells remove a by endocytosis and that impairment of this function is key to ad progression however the exact contribution of the distinct individual endocytic routes as well as the involved molecular mechanisms are largely unexplored hence the main objective of clearpath is to undertake a holistic approach that will shed light into the unexplored endocytic routes involved in brain a clearance and to identify the relationship between endocytic abnormalities and clinical pathologies of ad to this end clearpath aims to a develop an in vitro coculture bbb model system using endothelial and neuronal cells derived from established isogenic hipscs b screen the distinct endocytic routes to identify their contribution in a clearance c undertake bioinformatic analysis of genomewide datasets from ad patients to reveal novel diseaseassociated genes implicated in the endocytic routes d use transgenic animal models to validate the role of endocytic pathways in clearance the multidisciplinary nature of this project warrants accomplishment of the research objectives as well as advancement of the research capacity of the postdoctoral fellow thus boosting her career in the field besides the results of the study will improve our understanding in a clearance mechanisms thus contributing to novel strategies aiming to reduce the load of a peptide in the brain thereby preventing or delaying the onset of the disease
the prom platform new ways to drug the undruggable

existing pharmaceutical methods can only target 15 of all proteins in the human proteome given this limitation pharmaceutical companies are running out of options to develop effective drugs to tackle hardtotreat diseases to have a better chance of fighting these diseases further targets of the remaining so far undruggable 85 of our proteome need to be unlocked prosion developed a disruptive platform of chemical building blocks called proms the promplatform addresses a specific class of yet undruggable proteins linked to hardtotreatdiseases proms can be combined into small molecule drugs to target proteins that play a keyrole in pathologies such as cancer alzheimers cardiovascular diseases and immune mediated disordersthe platforms potential is currently being validated in its first project prosion addresses a yet undruggable target to potentially provide new therapies for pancreatic and breast cancer and fight drugresistance effects within cancer therapies
outplaying the hardware lottery for embedded ai

the next wave of smart applications in our society will need embedded devices robots wearables etc with increased intelligence at much reduced energy and latency cost compared to current embedded platforms up to 1000x efficiency gains could be achieved through tight processoralgorithm cooptimization however due to the slow development cycle of processor chips many months to years in comparison to algorithms hours to weeks this cooptimization today merely boils down to selecting algorithms which run well on mature available hardware as these processors and their tooling have been optimized for mature algorithms not the inherently best algorithm wins but the one that happens to best fit the available oldschool hardware platforms this hardware lottery holds back innovation severely impacts embedded ai execution efficiency and narrows the market to a few large companiesthe bingo vision to break this innovation deadlock is to enable heterogeneous compute platform customization for a given ai workload in a matter of days 100x faster through rapid selection and assembly of prefabricated coprocessor chiplets this needs breakthroughs in a a library of embeddedaioptimized coprocessor chiplets surpassing the sota in terms of dataflow heterogeneity for improved efficiency 100x over cpu and interoperability in heterogeneous chiplet meshes on a reusable breadboard interposer b rapid cost models and workload schedulers for beyondsota heterogeneous platform customization automatically deriving the optimal chiplet combination for an application assemble it and deploy all in a few daysoptimizing across the disciplines of chip design computer architecture scheduling and ai fits perfectly to my expertise gained at ku leuven imec and intel it will stimulate a surge of embedded ai innovations enable efficient execution of new algorithms and bring the eu back at the forefront of chip design and embedded ai research
understanding the science and identifying the issues behind the low performance of z scheme photocatalysts for co2 reduction

co2 emission is a serious problem that threatens life on earth via global warming and climate change artificial photosynthesis is a green strategy to tackle waterenergycarbon challenges simultaneously zscheme charge transfer mechanism is thought of as one of the promising approaches for photocatalyst design to eventually commercialize co2 reduction however the photocatalytic co2 reduction using the current zscheme photocatalyst systems did not show the expected performance the main objectives of this project are using advanced in situoperando characterization to understand the science and identify the issues behind the low performance of current z scheme photocatalysts and the development of innovative patterned thin film z scheme photocatalysts that can address these issues the synergy of z scheme charge transfer and frustrated lewis pair sites will be also investigated by constructing novel bivo4cs2cubr4 and wo3cs2cubr4 heterostructures containing stateofart photocatalyst material leadfree halide perovskitethe proposed research is an interdisciplinary proposal combining chemistry physics materials science chemical engineering and environmental science it includes both training of the candidate and knowledge transfer to the host institution the candidates experience in the field the specialized supervisor and the appropriate environment at uu along with the wellidentified objectives and the achievable methodology ensure reaching the research and training objectives eventually the project will strengthen the academic track record of the candidate and give him the opportunity to accomplish his main carrier goal and being a university professor and researcher of international repute in any of prestigious institutions across the globe to disseminate knowledge and to serve mankind by building future generations of researchers
nanomedicine approach to normalize erythrocyte maturation in congenital anemia by messenger rna

messenger rna mrna has recently proven itself as a prophylactic modality that can be rapidly developed and employed with high efficacy and low toxicity compared to dnabased gene therapy mrna has significant advantages including higher intrinsic safety nonintegrating lower cost of development and less stringent regulatory requirements for clinical approval in the nanemiar project we take advantage of these benefits to kill 2 birds with 1 stone first we develop a firstofitskind nanomedicine for congenital anemia a group of rare inherited blood disorders characterized by ineffective red blood cell production our proposed bone marrowtargeted mrnabased therapy contributes to the first horizon europe strategic plan 20212024 for new and advanced therapies for noncommunicable diseases and is expected to be a vast improvement over current treatment options in terms of efficacy and safety second we provide critical knowledge on targeted nonviral polynucleotide delivery with a platform that can be exploited for nextgeneration cell and gene therapy in a broader context to achieve this our consortium combines the unique celltargeting and mrna knowledge from the dutch biotech mercurna with two excellent research partners from spain and france who have demonstrated expertise in the field of anemia by focusing on the wellrecognized rare disease model betathalassemia and combining an established mouse model patient material and previous drug development experience we build a convincing case to treat congenital anemia
exploiting flexible perovskites solar technologies

efeso acronym of exploiting flexible perovskites solar technologies aims to bring perovskite technology on flexible substrates towards commercialization this project aims at upscaling stable flexible perovskite solar modules fpsms by optimizing their fabrication process on flexible substrates reducing inactive areas on modules and by working on lead pb trapping intrinsically using doping and interface engineering and extrinsically by encapsulation strategiesthe proposed project is divided into 3 main parts1materials assessment of the flexible substrates additives and interface layers to get the best and stable layer to be used for device fabrication
magnetic reconnection hollow cathode thruster

the goal of this project is the realization of a novel space electric thruster concept based on magnetic reconnection as acceleration mechanism and on a hollow cathode as plasma source electric propulsion ep is fundamental to enable the foreseen human and robotic missions to the moon mars and beyond which require adequate propulsion system to deliver the needed deltav the current strategy to develop such high specific impulse and high thrust ep system entails the scaling up process of wellknown ep systems such as ion and hall thrusters however this strategy depends mostly on the thruster footprint which will impact the spacecraft dimensions and weight we believe that an effort has to be made to conceive a novel propulsion concept overcoming the present limits magnetic reconnection is a topological rearrangement of interacting field lines that produces a configuration of lower magnetic energy an outflowing plasma and the acceleration and heating of charged particles magnetic reconnection is preponderant in solar flares coronal jets earths and planetary magnetosphere potentially it can be employed as main acceleration mechanism of a novel thruster concept within marehct magnetic reconnection hollow cathode thruster we propose a thruster concept based on magnetic reconnection to accelerate the plasma jet and on wellknown flightproven hollow cathodes as plasma source to obtain a high specific impulse and high thrust ep system it can potentially guarantee up to 50000s of specific impulse at least one order of magnitude higher than the values achievable by stateofart propulsion systems marehct will give the researcher the chance to grow as an independent and mature researcher while expanding her expertise in electric propulsion and plasma physics at the same time it will provide the beneficiary the opportunity to broaden its research activities to novel ep concepts and plasma physics open topics such as magnetic reconnection
general characterisation of near term quantum advantage regimes

quantum computing is a very rapidly developing field with the potential to address problems that were considered intractable some decades ago despite the daunting technological challenge quantum devices have reached a size for which their calculations cannot be fully simulated by classical computers nevertheless noise and short coherence times hinder their actual performances and the algorithms with proven quantum advantage will not be implemented soon this intermediate scenario opens exciting avenues and poses several challenges how to systematically identify tasks where a quantum advantage over classical computers can be obtained in the near term once they are found how to certify that the same computation cannot be reproduced by any classical meansenchant general characterisation of nearterm quantum advantage regimes proposes a radically new vision the development of a comprehensive toolset to characterise the remarkable realm of nearterm quantum advantage regimes the toolset is meant to provide three fundamental assets for such an ambitious task a a general framework encompassing the algorithms that can be run in current devices compatible with their main limitations and constraints we envision to obtain that by means of a careful classification of the families of states that can be obtained as the output of nearterm quantum computation b an assortment of tasktailored classical algorithms to simulate the performances of quantum devices here the interest is twofold to provide comparative methods to assess the quality of those devices and to identify tasks with no quantum advantage over classical computers c a selection of techniques to certify quantum effects in computation and relating them to the hardness of simulating the same task classically to make them amenable for quantum advantage regimes we look for methods that rely on partial information about a quantum system
nonexistence of short proofs

efficient algorithms are vital for dealing with the ever growing amounts of data in our modern world a particularly tricky task is posed by socalled combinatorial problems where objects need to be combined together to form a solution satisfying some specified constraints increasing data size quickly causes an exponential growth in the search space for such problems and despite decades of effort no algorithms have been designed that are guaranteed to tame this combinatorial explosion in practice however it is often possible to find algorithmic shortcuts that work reasonably well although there is very limited scientific understanding of when and why this is the case this points to a fundamental challenge we need a better understanding of the power and limitations of modern algorithm designan important tool for algorithm analysis is to describe its method of reasoning in a formal proof system when the algorithm terminates the execution trace can be viewed as a proof of correctness of the result computed if we can prove mathematically that no short proofs exist for certain types of statements then this shows that the algorithm cannot possibly solve the corresponding problems efficientlythe goal of this project is to shed light on proof systems corresponding to some of the most powerful algorithmic paradigms in wide use and to delineate their potential one concrete objective is to study combinatorial and algebraic methods for solving wellknown graph problems such as clique another goal is to compare semidefinite programming to traditional algorithms for solving nongaussian component analysis ngca a fundamental problem in statistical learning i will do so by strengthening existing techniques for analyzing these proof systems and combining them in novel ways in particular one important challenge will be to study the setting where the power of a proof system needs to be understood for a distribution of problems from which the input is drawn