Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
death smoke and mirrors manipulation of health data in liberal and authoritarian custodial institutions

this projects overarching theme is how penal authorities conceal the prisoners poor health with malicious intent for various reasons and by various techniques statistical and rhetorical from this angle the project examines british metropolitan indian colonial american and sovietrussian prisons and camps from the late modern era the birth of the western penitentiary to the present moment within this ambitious temporal and spatial frame the project poses big questions about the universal operational patterns of modern penality and bureaucracy as observed via managing prisoners health and epidemics the project seeks to understand why and when prisoner health statistics became significant enough to be manipulated for political purposes conceptually the project engages with the contentious issue of deliberate extermination of prisoners concealed by medical malfeasance the outcome will be the first comparative integrated history of bureaucratic malpractices to occasionally downplay the accurate scale of sickness epidemics and mortality in custodial institutions of western liberal and authoritarian regimes the interdisciplinary research effort while historical combines insights from medical statistics penology criminology penal sociology and bioethicsthe ambition behind the projects goals is to revise the traditional way literature classifies penal systems globally this revision is achieved by shifting attention to health and its reporting as a defining feature that separates various carceral regimes from each other the project will generate a new typology of penal systems based on the criterion of health reporting and its veracity beyond the strictly academic contribution to the debates on penality modernity technocratic social engineering legacies of colonial violence and total institutions the project has implications for international prison reform and palliative care ethics
safe learning for large scale interconnected systems

finality evolves the theoretical computer science curriculum focusing on the mastery of prompt and safe learning techniques for interconnected systems the trainee team will develop and integrate innovative methodological tools specialized for aiintensive resource allocation particularly in the context of largescale critical infrastructures for communication and computing they will combine ai methods that are safe by respecting system boundaries and are prompt in adapting to the environmental changes throughout their research training the finality candidates will prioritize the principles of fairness and computational parsimony of ai methods the finality doctoral team will be supported by a worldclass team of academic and industrial advisors who work routinely on all the tools used in aibased ra advancing their theoretical foundations and their application in the industrial domain they possess extensive experience in training doctoral students and an excellent track record of joint research activities across the consortium international exposure and dissemination are ensured by an extraeu supervisory board
multifaceted stability behaviour of a hyperloop vehicle at high speed

with a target speed of 1000 kmh hyperloop holds the promise of being a fast clean and energy efficient mode of transportation the speed is unprecedented for groundborne transport the magnetically suspended hyperloop vehicle offers travelers the speed of an aircraft combined with the convenience of a train it can carry timesensitive goods as well providing a sustainable alternative to airfreight the understanding and control of the interaction between the vehicle and the surrounding environment magnetic suspension infrastructure air is fundamental to the technical feasibility of hyperloop and will be thoroughly addressed in this project more specifically the project will examine the vibration of the vehicle while travelling at very high speeds through a tube to guarantee safety and comfort three forces the magnetic interaction force the aeroelastic force and the reaction force delivered by the supporting infrastructure act simultaneously and may destabilize the vehicle vibration through complex nonlinear interactions creating a multifaceted stability problem this project will investigate the multifaceted stability behavior in depth to gain understanding regarding the interplay of the destabilizing forces which becomes particularly pronounced at the very high speeds envisioned to evaluate the suitability of the stateofart control stabilization measures and to devise an improved optimal controller the project comprises model development as well as experimental validation which will be done during a nonacademic placement at hardt hyperloop access will be given to the european hyperloop centre a unique 26 km long test facility which enables testing at high speeds results of this project will be very relevant for the design of the hyperloop suspension and infrastructure for magnetically levitated train systems as well as for highspeed rail the results will also advance the scientific field of nonlinear dynamics in general
untangling the dry limit for microbial life in rockinhabiting communities of us western drylands

the effects of global warming are particularly pronounced in drylands leading to their fast degradation and hampering the capacity to support active life in an era of fast desertification drylife seeks to identify those conditions that determine the dry limit for microbial life in the us western drylands where a temperature increase up to 3c associated to increases in aridity is expected by the end of the century drylife will answer the key question using endolithic communities simple and stable microbial communities dwelling inside rocks ubiquitous in drylands worldwide as paradigmatic model system in hyperarid regions in particular once the threshold of dry tolerability for plants and soil microbes is crossed endoliths represent the latest possibility for life regulating water retention and nutrient cycles and creating positive feedback for ecological successions drylife will be carried out in leading us and eu research laboratories by undertaking an interdisciplinary approach to address fundamental questions about how tiny microbes may have globalscale impact this bottomup project will combine amplicon sequencing shotgun metagenomics microenvironmental monitoring geomicrobiology and machine learning data generated will be translated for the first time into predictive models to better understand endolithic communities functioning and adaptations under global change addressing a key knowledge gap while my previous pioneering studies on antarctic endoliths laid the basis for drylife this action will broaden my research and training skills and widen my professional networks leading to a critical career development boost as an independent researcher drylife will likely have the potential to improve projection of future climate impact on drylands help tackle a timely global challenge of outmost importance to the horizon europe program inform the nextgeneration of drylands ecologists and finally provide evidence for policy makers
microstructureinformed numerical framework for predicting the response of tbc system

among conventional power generation systems gas turbine gtbased technologies provide the optimal balance between reliability affordability and most importantly flexibility in the face of a substantial proportion of variable renewable energies vres in response to intermittent vres the operational profile of gt will shift towards higher ramp rates more frequent peakloadbaseload cyclic operations and a greater number of startups which will negatively affect the life cycle of hot components on the other hand to enhance efficiency the turbine inlet temperature should increase from the current 1500 to 1800 exceeding the temperature limit of highperformance superalloys 1300 and imparting the severest thermomechanical loading on hot gas path components being coated with indispensable overlay or diffusion type thermal barrier coating tbc systems owing to the multifaceted and severe consequences of protective coatings failure research to predict interrelated deformation chemothermomechanical degradation and subsequent failure of tbc systems particularly under hightemperature thermal cycling is a top priority experimental durability tests which are primarily based on empirical fitting of coatings mass loss data are incapable of predicting the lifetime and longterm degradation of a tbc system in light of the above circumstances it is extremely beneficial to develop comprehensive modeling techniques that are capable of replacing timeintensive and limitedscope experimental endeavors among the different options available mcralyysz with m being ni or co arises as the most common protective coating system mimtbc project aims at developing a mechanistic and microstructuresensitive framework for predicting deformation damage progression and lifetime of the mcralyysz tbc system specifically the framework will be organized to achieve the following specific objectives o1 a microstructuresensitive framework for deformation analysis of mcralybased tbc system under thermal cycling o2 physicallybased lifetime prediction of mcralybased tbc system under thermal cycling
exploring the role of neuroligin1 in synapse formation and function

controlling the precise balance between excitation and inhibition ei balance is critical for information processing in the brain this equilibrium is regulated at the level of individual synapses which can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending of the type of neurotransmitter released it is well established that cell adhesion molecules such as neurexins nrxs and neuroligins nls play important roles in synapse formation and specification in humans several genetic mutations in nls are associated with autism spectrum disorders asd but how those mutations act in the establishment of those disorders remains unclear one hypothesis is that mutations found in asd patients can affect the interactions of nls to specific protein binding partners andor alter signaling pathways which could contribute to disrupt the ei balance interestingly the host group recently discovered a molecular mechanism in which the phosphorylation of unique tyrosine residue located in the intracellular domain of nl1 regulates the differential assembly of excitatory versus inhibitory synapses furthermore in the absence of highly specific antibodies compatible with immunostaining of native adhesion molecules little is known about the precise distribution of endogenous nl1 within the synapse in this project we will 1 decipher the localization of endogenous nl1 and its modulation between excitatory and inhibitory synapses based on its phosphorylation state by using a new transgenic knockin mouse line in which endogenous nl1 has been tagged with a small biotin acceptor peptide bapnl1
gold nanoparticle films for universal biosensors

the current biosensing marker for healthcare and environmental applications is dominated by laboratory instrumentation that is bulky time consuming and expensive and requires wellequipped laboratories and skilled personnel many essential applications such as disease diagnostics eg hepatitis b tuberculosis hiv and water quality monitoring eg pathogens heavy metals toxins are often neglected due to economic reasons causing millions of deaths globallythe most significant challenges facing biosensors are their fabrication and instrumentation costs insensitivity and lowthroughput detection one technique capable of tackling these challenges is localised surface plasmon resonance which has demonstrated the potential to deliver costeffective handheld pointofcare devices with rapid multianalyte detection to date this potential has been limited by the available techniques for fabricating feasible nanoscale sensorsi have chosen a worldrecognized research centre the leibniz institute of photonic technology in germany as my host institution to develop my msca under the supervision of an excellent mentor in nanobiophotonics where i will be trained in advanced techniques in nanophotonics the acquired skills in combination with my own knowledge will perfectly match for developing a novel nanofabrication technique to deliver affordable and versatile sensors based on a 2d array of wellordered and dense gold nanoparticles a unique blend of interdisciplinary methods with the potential to rival lithography techniques but at a fraction of their costs precise control over nanostructured dimensions will allow me to tune the sensor for biosensing applications microarray biofunctionalisation of the sensor will demonstrate multiplexed detection of pathogens dna disease biomarkers proteins and heavy metals and will pave the way for improved healthcare and environmental screening where test availability speed and cost play a decisive role
from engineering to evolution of synthetic cells with rna origami

can we construct a cell from nonliving matter in search for answers bottomup synthetic biology has successfully encapsulated functional sets of biomolecules inside lipid vesicles yet a living synthetic cell remains unattained ensync aims for a prototype of a synthetic cell that encompasses a fundamental characteristic of life namely evolution my past work shows that dna origami can achieve customengineered synthetic cellular parts but the mere encapsulation of preformed parts conflicts with the vision of a selfreplicating and evolving synthetic cell i here propose to produce and to replicate functional rna origami structures inside of lipid vesicles guvs by cotranscriptional folding from a dna template first i will genetically encode an rna nanopore and rna origami structure which induces guv division the dna template genotype will determine the guvs permeability and their division rate phenotype this genotypephenotype mapping is the basis for directed evolution of the rationally engineered rna origami structures in the second step in particular i will aim for efficient guv division in repeated cycles of genetic diversification and selection in the third step i will implement multiple growth and division cycles to enable continuous directed evolution this will be achieved by systemlevel integration and laboratory automation of the directed evolution pipeline to iteratively reduce researcher intervention depending on externally applied selection pressures continuous evolution will inevitably lead to the dominance of highly proliferating synthetic cells in mixed populations ensync provides fundamental insights into evolutionary processes as well as applicable rna origamibased tools for nanopore sensing and as genetically encoded biophysical probes in cell biology overall ensync pushes the boundaries of bottomup synthetic biology to the point where synthetic cells can be evolved towards a distinct goal in biotechnology
new light on dark matter

collisions of dark matter dm particles with nuclei or with themselves can be accompanied by the prompt production of dark bremsstrahlung quanta or in matter by the emission of electrons the latter is called the migdal effect and the former adds a dissipative process to dm selfinteractions focusing on light subgev dm candidates we will advance two fields of central interest to the particle physics community the direct detection of dm in the laboratory and the dmassisted formation of structure in the universe the first goal is to put recent ideas of prompt photon and electron production in dmnuclear scattering on firm and undisputable grounds we do so by new detailed theoretical calculations for the target compounds of direct detection experiments and by devising experimental verification schemes through standard model analogs the results will pioneer how we understand signal formation in dm searches and clarify the reach of stateoftheart and future dm direct detection experiments the second goal is to give selfinteracting dm with dissipative channels an exact theory embedding we will provide a new formulation of the bremsstrahlung process that is exact to all orders in the colliding particlepair interaction and spans all kinematic situations soft and hardemission quantum and semiclassical the results will apply broadly from the standard model to particle dark matter to primordial black hole relics astrophysical implications and observational signatures will be established the findings of these works will increase our chances of discovering dm in the laboratory and the skies and bring us closer in our quest to unravel its nongravitational nature
entanglement as a tool in holography and quantum simulators

quantum entanglement plays a pivotal role in various interconnected fields ranging from quantum information simulation black hole physics to condensed matter physics among others this proposal aims at studies of novel models and observables which strengthen the connection between quantum manybody and holographic systems through the lens of entanglement in first part of the proposal the expertise of the host in quantum quenches in presence of symmetries is used to extend interesting questions in simple holographic models which are expertise of the applicant the second part of the proposal plans to explore theoretical and experimental signatures of holography using manybody models realizable in present day quantum simulators the goal of the action will be supported by a secondment in one of the leading institute for quantum information and simulations
computational mechanisms of social media use in youth

we have an urgent need to better understand the social media engagement of youth social media supports the specific developmental needs of youth such as those for social connection however the increased sensitivity of the developing brain to social rewards may place youth especially at risk in addition youths sensitivity to social influence exposes another potential vulnerability given that not all information is trustworthy understandably there have been widespread fears about the impact of social media on youth however currently little is known about what drives youth to engage with social media or how they are impacted by itrecent metaanalyses and reviews have identified that the field is hampered by several key limitations 1 an overreliance on subjective and highlevel measures such as screen time 2 the underuse of social media trace data and 3 lack of ecologically valid experimental tasks and 4 the absence of a framework for understanding social media engagement here i address that challenge by developing novel computational models that provide a theoretical formalization of the complex interactions between the developing cognitive processes and social media affordances in addition i will analyse social media trace data develop novel ecologically valid experimental tasks and use neuroimaging to further test and refine these formal models this project will focus on the neurocognitive development of fundamental cognitive processes that interact with the two key affordances that social media platforms provide 1 social feedback processing and2 social information processingthe computational framework is grounded in 1 models of neurocognitive development 2 reinforcement learning models and 3 bayesian models of belief updating our findings will significantly advance our understanding of the social media engagement of youth on the mechanistic level and will provide a fruitful framework and toolbox for future studies
death rituals and britains body antiquarianism scandinavia and cultural politics

deathrit aims to examine how language and imagery borrowed from norse tradition contributed to shaping the concept of britishness in the eighteenth century this was a period when the british isles were establishing emergent ideas of national identity and independent cultural artefacts by seeking vernacular literary traditions through a historicalcontextual analysis of british texts deathrit examines how british nations used ideas of historical and ethnic heritagespecifically that of scandinavia and icelandto affirm or transform their own cultural identity during the eighteenth century the project objectives are as follows1to situate eighteenthcentury texts about britains perceived heritage in norse culture in relation to ongoing conversations concerning britains relationship with europe2to demonstrate that the appropriation and mediation of ancient scandinavian death imagery was an important vehicle for conceptualising british identity during the eighteenth century3to establish a new approach to the body politic metaphor one that accounts for death and death rituals as part of the function or dysfunction of a nation statewith these objectives deathrit aims to build on existing work within the fields of eighteenth century studies and norse reception studies in doing so it will establish the role of crosshistorical and crosscultural exchange specifically with scandinavia within britains identity and nationbuilding process it will draw on the theoretical fields of disability studies and death studies to provide an innovative framework to view the body politic metaphor by reviewing select eighteenthcentury british antiquarian poetry essays plays travel literature and periodical reviews concerning scandinavianinspired death and ritual deathrit will establish scandinavias role in developing britains body politic on a local and european stage
strategic guide to smart manufacturing

production manufacturing has drastically changed in the last decade year after year it became more complex and tightly integrated with new technologies the application of new technologies can be safely and properly done during the initial design phases of a new production plant however one of the key challenges of this socalled fourth industrial revolution is that it must be applied to existing production plants introducing much more complexity the goal of strategus is to provide understandable techniques and software architecture for guiding industrials towards the proper integration of new technologies in their current production plant strategus will build the socalled digital twin a digital representation of the factory plant that functions as an interface to the sensor data and contains mathematical models of the equipment the digital twin provides a structured view of sensor data allowing one to perform timing analysis make future predictions and adjust the control strategy then the main orchestrator will be strategist a metascheduler that has a twofold purpose 1 estimating the timing behaviour of the events inside the physical plant by harnessing the power of the digital twin and 2 optimising the activities on the line based on order arrival and reacting to unexpected events and accidents strategus takes inspiration for describing the models inside the twin from the theory of multimode systems where each piece of equipment is modelled as a set of differential or difference equations describing how they manipulate the products characteristics until it reaches the state of the finished product