Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
nonthermal radiation from astrophysical jets from theory of plasma turbulence to observations

relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei agn and gamma ray bursts grbs have fascinated astronomers for decades despite its importance for multimessenger astronomy astroparticle physics and galaxy evolution the physics of relativistic jets is not fully understood according to a widely accepted paradigm relativistic jets extract the rotational energy of the black hole via electromagnetic stresses and transport it out to large distances in the form of poynting flux however we do not understand how the poynting flux is converted into the nonthermal radiation that we observe since relativistic jets have huge reynolds numbers turbulence could naturally dissipate the magnetic energy and accelerate a population of nonthermal particles which emit the observed radiation via synchrotron and inverse compton cooling developing concrete jet emission models based on such scenario has recently become possible due to the advent of largescale fully kinetic simulations of magnetically dominated plasma turbulence a crucial finding of these simulations is that particles have a strong pitch angle anisotropy namely particles move nearly along the direction of the local magnetic field contrary to the textbook and ad hoc assumption that the radiating particles in relativistic jets are isotropic i propose a project aiming to investigate nonthermal radiation from astrophysical jets from theory of plasma turbulence to observations raspo in this project i will develop models for the pitch angle and energy distribution of the radiating particles that rely on fully kinetic simulations rather than ad hoc assumptions and fit these model to the nonthermal spectra of agn and grb jets i will study the apparent contradiction between fitting of nonthermal spectra with existing isotropic models which suggest that the emission region is matter dominated and theoretical expectations which suggest that jets should be instead magnetically dominated objects
cardiovascular disease energy dysregulation and the role of depression and the social cure

depression affects over 300 million people worldwide and is the single largest contributor to global disability according to the world health organisation who research has highlighted that individuals with depression have a twotofour fold increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease cvd notably cvds are the most common cause of death globally and are a huge economic burden to society for example in 2015 alone cvds cost the eu over 210 billion who however the mechanisms linking depression with increased risk of cvd are poorly understood posing a challenge to the development of appropriate interventions to reduce this risk cedar aims to elucidate the potential biological mechanisms linking depression with increased risk of cvd by adopting stateoftheart techniques from exercise physiology and clinical psychology specifically this interdisciplinary and timely project will be the first to examine the relationship between depression and energy dysregulation during stress and will consider the role of gender and depression severity cedar will also test an intervention for reducing the risk of cvd in individuals with depression applying knowledge from the social identity approach to health a social cure intervention will be employed to examine if this has an influence on i physiological responses to stress and ii if this influences stress responsivity in individuals with depression the results of this project will not only elucidate the relationship between depression and cvd risk but the advanced research skills learnt during this fellowship can be applied to future projects examining the link between stress responsivity and pathogenic disease risk advancing methods in stress physiology research the experiences garnered by this fellowship including targeted training in communication leadership and project management skills are key in developing the professional maturity and employability of the applicant
intercellular trading in nucleotide metabolism an emerging target

anticancer therapy is 70 years old and nucleotides are the oldest target in cancer treatment despite its long history this treatment suffers high rates of resistance and toxicity what are the reasons a cell can gain nucleotides via de novo synthesis dns or from salvage pathways dns inhibition can be bypassed by nucleotides produced by surrounding cells or distant organs causing resistance cancer cells were traditionally studied in isolation with bulk techniques precluding identification of cell typespecific targets causing toxicity to date the cellular sources of nucleotides in healthy and tumor tissues are poorly characterized can the complexity of metabolic crosstalk in tissues be captured by the traditional means i hypothesize that cancer and stromal cells differ in how they utilize nucleic acid building blocks from external and internal sources a single cell resolution is needed to disentangle their interactions and inhibition of both dns and cancerspecific salvage is required for a successful blockade i aim to define the nucleotide sources in heathy tissues and tumors characterize their adaptations to dns blockade to uncover the network of metabolic interactions in tissues and find effective and specific combinations of targets to reach this goal i will use a unique combination of single cell multiomics and tailored mouse models an expertise and tools that i took the lead to set up i will selectively disable dns in the stroma host mouse and in cancer cells syngeneic lung tumors to generate tumors dependent on internally or externally produced nucleotides in an integrative approach using spatial and single cell transcriptomics metabolomics in situ and functional genetic screen i will search for targetable metabolic vulnerabilities of dnsdisabled cancer cells this innovative research opens the path to understanding the organization of tissue metabolic homeostasis for new personalized metabolismbased anticancer medicine
circularpsp public service platforms for circular innovative and resilient municipalities through pcp

circularpsp brings together 7 procurers from 7 countries representing 45 million citizens to invest 564 million in rd to tackle the common challenge of accelerating digital transition towards a circular economy ce the buyers group represents highly attractive national markets de fi tr se ie pt si supported by a preferred partner in uk including capitals with global influence berlin helsinki london istanbul the consortium represents european cetransition and pcp leaders in science and practicesuppliers are expected to deliver a new green digital public service and data platform enabling entire municipal operations city and the local economy market to choose open up and consume existing and new data the solution is to support business processes and workflows to plan procure and implement innovative cesolutions across europe more quickly and at larger volume the unmet procurement needs are tools to improve organisational and operational performance data analytics using taxonomies to exploit and exchange ce information and data removal of language barrier to unlock euwide knowledge and learnings to enable the transition suppliers will answer with ict innovation in the crosscutting combination and leveraging of existing and new strategic digital technologies 1 scalable platforms for city and smes users 2 ce data analytics using eu taxonomy open linked data injected by ai and 3 natural language processing nlp to break language barriers across the eu and beyondthe envisaged solution is relevant for all european authorities including cities ministries agencies and housing activity triggered by the solution will increase the volume of circular procurement and widen commercialisation opportunities for green digital companies and result in eu leadership in circular economy with interoperability at the core and innovative tools for data sharing and open standards the solution will provide a use case for the upcoming common industrial and green deal european data
intracranial neuro telemetry to restore communication

not being able to communicate while still being conscious is a horrifying prospective for many patients worldwide patients with motor neuron disorders trauma or stroke risk losing complete muscle control leading to lockedin syndrome lis which leaves them completely paralysed and unable to communicate this is an intolerable fearful situation with very low quality of life and extreme burden of care for patients family and care givers intracranial neuro telemetry to restore communication intrecom will provide a breakthrough for these patients by developing a novel fully implantable braincomputer interface bci technology that allows for realtime speech decoding and use in the home environment this bci system will significantly transcend current technology by providing a highresolution and sustainable device combining stateoftheart hardware and software solutions based on artificial intelligence ai to liberate lis patients from their isolation
mechanisms of human cotranslational quality control and its role in neural tissue

ribosomeassociated quality control rqc is crucial for degrading truncated nascent proteins produced on aberrant mrnas this is done by elongation of the nascent chain on the large ribosomal subunit in the absence of mrna and the small ribosomal subunit cat tailing and by marking the nascent chain for degradation mutations in rqc components cause neurodegeneration both in animal models and human patients moreover rqc insufficiency and subsequent protein aggregation critically contribute to proteostasis impairment and systemic decline during ageing strikingly we lack mechanistic understanding of this crucial process in humansthis project stems from my postdoctoral research in which i have solved the structure of the yeast rqc complex and discovered a novel rqc factor the eif5a this conserved protein is critical in yeast rqc and was recently implicated in brain development and huntingtons disease moreover i have developed a human cellfree translation extract which enables structural studies of cotranslational processes in the human system in the proposed research we will provide mechanistic understanding of cat tailing and nascent chain degradation in human rqc using cryoem we will define working principles of rqc components and the mechanisms by which their diseasecausing mutations specifically affect neurons in vivo using the c elegans as a model organismour approach utilizes a multidisciplinary approach to provide detailed mechanistic understanding of the critical rqc system in combination with an in vivo study to reveal processes leading to rqcdriven pathological changes in neural tissue since the rqc pathway is conserved in all kingdoms of life and serves a pivotal role in protein homeostasis with critical implications for neurodegenerative disorders and ageing our findings will have important implications for human health and the potential to reveal novel drug targets
upcycling of ndfeb magnets in the eu for green applications

the neocycle project aims to demonstrate at trl6 the sustainable upcycling of spent ndfeb magnets comings from hard disks drives hdds reaching high quality end products for 4 case studies pharmaceutical ammonia fertilizers and polymers industries and will include necessary paths to reach the market uptake to reach this aim neocycle involves all the relevant actors in the value chain from public authorities to weee recycler companies technology developers associations ngos smes and commercial companies in the targeted sectors a summary of the main activities in provide below1demonstration of a solidstate chlorination electrochemical and purification processes at trl6 to separate nd fe and b reaching market needed purities2demonstration of upcycling approaches for nd fe and b at trl6 by developing industrial catalysts for the four case studies3validation of the quality and performance of final products by leading commercial companies4including processes and products digitalisation mathematical modelling and optimisation monitoring and digital twins of plants and digital product passports5sustainability assessments lca lcc slca circularity risk and energy efficiency green logistics and tea to demonstrate the technoeconomic and social viability of solutions including a guide to consider the gender dimension in the different project stages6paving the way to the market uptake by a assessments of current legislations and future development b performing a standardisation roadmap c plan and develop communication dissemination and exploitation activities including clustering with other projects and at least 13 stakeholder engagement events d creating new business models for at least 11 key expected results and e development of 13 training courses targeting soft and technical skills to promote inclusion and new jobs in the value chains
exchange bias in twodimensional van der waals heterostructures

exchange bias has been vital in magnetic storage devices to pin the magnetisation of the ferromagnetic reference layer in a fixed direction it was extensively studied in thinfilm heterostructures however the origin of exchange bias is not well understood due to the subtle nature of the interfaces recent discovery of twodimensional van der waals magnetic materials opens up new avenues to scout for origin of exchange bias unlike thinfilms atomically sharp interface registry of twodimensional materials is crucial for this purpose the primary objective of this project is to do investigations on exchange bias in twodimensional heterostructures to address the most fundamental at the same time enigmatic question what is the underlying physics that controls exchange bias for this the interface domain structure of the ferromagneticantiferromagnetic bilayer heterostructure will be investigated employing advanced synchrotron based xray photoemission electron microscopy facilities with polarisation control which is one of the major expertise of the host embedded into two work packages i intend to tackle this problem in two different interface spin configurations by judicious choice of antiferromagnetic layer i parallel coupling of spins with the spins in the antiferromagnetic layer pointing out of the plane and ii perpendicular coupling with the atomic spins of the antiferromagnetic layer lie in the twodimensional plane electric field control of magnetism has been central to the sustainable advancement of spintronic devices twodimensional materials are extremely sensitive to external electrical stimuli and demonstration of a field effect device based on twodimensional magnetic materials could be remarkable taking advantage of the semiconductinginsulator nature of the antiferromagnetic twodimensional materials in a separate work package i will also demonstrate the electric field control of exchange bias by applying a gate voltage
twinning for promoting excellence ability and knowledge to develop novel approaches for targeting inflammatory and degenerative agerelated joint diseases

twinflag is an advanced research consortium consisting of topclass institutions in the field of extracellular vesicles evs flow cytometry and biobanking the main objective of twinflag is to improve capacities of imc in lithuania to implement the excellence in translational research of arthritis treatment and extracellular vesicle evbased biomarker development innovation and research management for this purpose the consortium gathered leading academic institutions in the field of biomedical sciences from ireland ucd and spain inibic which will seek to raise the research profile of imc the consortium partners will share their knowledge during organized schools short term visits and seminars will implement a small scale research for a personalized therapeutic approach focusing on major research interests of imc degenerative and inflammatory arthritis currently available tools for the diseasemodifying therapy of both rheumatoid and osteo arthritis are not satisfactory which is highly associated with the lack of specific and sensitive disease biomarkers the need for the application specific disease biomarkers has been emphasized as they increase the success rate of drug development programmes and thereby accelerate the availability of new therapeutics partnerships that provide access to tissue banks data cell lines biomarkers patients and funding are essential for the development of novel therapeutics therefore this three partner consortium identified the demand to develop an innovative jointresearch strategy comprising application of novel therapeutics for arthritis associated with the development of precision biomarkers for monitoring the efficacy of this treatment the results of this project will contribute to increased attractiveness of imc retention of research talents and mobilization of national and european resources for strategic investments as well as foster networking and business ideas
frugal artificial intelligence and application in astrophysics

beneath the amazing colors of the beautiful images collected by telescope facilities in space and on remote mountaintops lie numbers and lots of them these data contain the scientific information astronomers need in order to reveal the physical properties of the universe and the laws that govern its function recent advances in detector technologies and large focal plane ccd arrays enable astronomers to efficiently monitor a hyperspectralmultiwavelength view of the sky thus opening the last unexplored window the one of time domain in short time scales this ability of daily monitoring big swaths of the sky over extended periods produces astronomical datasets at an astounding rate revealing the transient and often violent face of the universe hence researchers need to develop more powerful computational and statistical methods to tackle the data to get the big picture view out of the underlying science details the titan project will appoint an outstanding researcher as the era chair holder of astroinformatics to incept and lead a research program in computational astrophysics and data science which will couple transform and expand two major research operations at forth computer science and astrophysics while rooting an effective bridge between regional research excellence and international missions our grand vision is to create a true interdisciplinary international and multicultural center of excellence for developing the tools methods and applications of computational science machine learning and statistics for research and education in dataoriented astronomy titan will fully unlock the potential of forth the cretan region and greece through the implementation of a set of measures geared towards capacity building expansion of the research program advanced training opportunities institutional development and structural change and intersectoral and international partnership activities in the field of computational astrophysics
environmentallyinformed functional characterisation of the secondary red chloroplast proteome

photosynthesis in the ocean is as significant as that of land plants and is performed by a wide range of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae the most abundant of which have originated through the secondary endosymbioses of red algae previously i have shown that these secondary red chloroplasts are evolutionary mosaics supported by nucleusencoded proteins of symbiont host and horizontally acquired origin
lobbying and corporate political connections in europe

how does corporate lobbying affect democratic representation and economic activity in europe lobbyists play a key role in the democratic process but tight links between business and politics often raise the question of conflicts of interest and disproportionate corporate influence yet we know little about how corporations influence politics in europe current work focuses on the us due to the availability of highquality data in contrast there is a lack of quantitative research on corporate influence in europe the lobconeu project investigates the impact of lobbying and corporate political connections in europe first the project develops an integrated theoretical framework on corporate political activity applicable to different european contexts second the project uses novel data from the new german lobbying register linked data on the professional background of lobbyists to answer the question who becomes a lobbyist third the project uses data on lobbying meetings between of the european commission to answer how do policymaker characteristics affect lobbying finally the project uses linked danish individual and business register data to study why do individuals transition between the private sector and politics lobconeu uses big data and stateoftheart quantitative methods to establish the causal effect of lobbying on politics and firm performancethe lobconeu project will generate evidence on corporate political activity in europe and make new data available to researchers and the public moreover the project informs policymakers about potential economic inequalities and welfare losses resulting from lobbying activities the results will further contribute to ongoing debates among public officials and civil society groups on the creation and reform of lobbying disclosure mechanisms finally by making lobbying and corporate lobbying more transparent the project also contributes to public trust in the democratic process
twinning towards excellence for privacy enhancing technologies leveraging homomorphic encryption

the main objective of encrypton is to increase the innovation capacity of sabancı university sü and enhance the consortiums scientific quality and research excellence within privacy enhancing technologies the objectives will be achieved by building scientific capacity management capacity and technical capacity at sü to enhance scientific competences staff exchanges visits of international experts workshops and summer schools are organised for researchers and earlystage researchers to enhance management and administration at sü idea generation workshops impact creation courses proposal preparation workshops project management workshops staff exchanges and participation in tradeshows and business fairs are organised mainly for the administration unit moreover sü will develop a prototype server in an exploratory research project that will provide solutions for data privacy problems sü has planned dedicated activities such as joint publications in journals and participation in conferencesworkshops for disseminating results regular updates on a project website and social media for communicating outcomes and using results from the exploratory project as a basis to develop new projects and networking with databased industries for exploiting results encryptons activities enhance networking between sü and eu partners through knowledge transfer and exchange of best practice encrypton has a scientific strategy for stepping up and stimulating scientific excellence and innovation capacity at sü and focuses on strengthening the research management and administration skills of sü