Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
effect of cable bacteria on n2o greenhouse gas emissions from aquatic sediments

nitrous oxide n2o is a critical greenhouse gas ghg and contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion although several microbial key players have been identified as enrolled in natural n2o production large amounts of n2o have been produced by an overlooked and undefined process a recent study showed the first experimental proof for n2o production by an overlooked abiotic process in sediment stimulated by feii recently discovered cable bacteria are globally occurring and change sediment geochemistry providing feii and possibly nitrite ideal precursors for n2o formation therefore we hypothesis that cable bacteria stimulate n2o formation this project cablen2o aims to quantify the effect of cable bacteria on n2o emissions from sediments its regulating factors and environmental relevance in lab and field studies the projects goals will be attained by interdisciplinary training of stateoftheart biogeochemical techniques combined with a multidisciplinary approach based on traditionally applied methods in geochemistry electromicrobiology and molecular ecology hence the project will primarily provide new insights on the role of cable bacteria on n2o formation strengthening european excellence in this research field
hibernation timing to reveal mechanisms of rheostasis

hitime is a project about the adjustment of homeostatic set points in physiology this is known as rheostasis and is of core importance for transitions between physiological states i seek to develop the concept that a specialised cell type in the hypothalamus the tanycyte is the cellular embodiment of a rheostat and that by understanding the function of the tanycyte we will gain fundamental insights into hypothalamic control of rheostasis since rheostasis is weak in laboratory mice bred to live in constant laboratory environments new paradigms must be developed i will therefore investigate tanycyte function in the context of seasonal deep hibernation the most dramatic example of rheostatic control of energy metabolism in mammals i will use the golden hamster as the study organism because it has an excellent combination of attributes for pursuing the project aims from experimental tractability to availability of molecular resources the study approach will exploit advanced telemetry combined with transcriptomics metabolomics and neuroimaging to develop an unprecedented arrow of time description of changes in tanycyte status in relation to peripheral and central changes in energy metabolites throughout the hibernation this approach will encompass both longterm rheostatic control of seasonal entry and exit from hibernation and shortterm rheostatic control of torporarousal cycles during the hibernation phase in parallel i will develop neurogenetic and microinfusion approaches to allow characterisation of the causal events in rheostatic hibernation control my career track record gives me an unusual combination of in vivo physiology and bioinformatics skills which in combination with my pilot studies establishing new techniques gives an excellent chance of success despite high ambition this success will have reciprocal benefits for two major interest areas in physiology with impacts from human obesity research to interplanetary space travel
analog photonic computation

for over 5 decades digital electronics has covered the increasing demand for computing power thanks to a periodic doubling of transistor density in integrated circuits currently such scaling law is reaching its fundamental limit leading to the emergence of a large gamut of applications that cannot be supported by digital electronics specifically those that involve realtime analog multidata processing eg medical diagnostic imaging drug design and robotic control among others here an analog computing approach implemented in a reconfigurable nonelectronic technology such as programmable integrated photonics pip can be more efficient than digital electronics to perform these emerging applications however actual computing models were not conceived to extract the benefits of pipthe aim of anbit is to develop an entirely new class of computation theory termed analog photonic computation apc specifically designed to unleash the full potential of pip technology the core concept revolves around the idea of performing analog operations on a new unit of information the analog bit or anbit conceived as a twodimensional analog function and matched to the building block of pip circuitsanbit will reach its objectives by 1 developing the theory of apc based on operations gates of anbits 2 translating the principles of apc to the design of pip circuits by concatenating single and multianbit gates 3 fabricating packaging testing and validating silicon pip chips capable of implementing complex apc architectures 4 designing coordinating setting and performing experiments that will prove the unique potential of apc in computational and signal processing applications with huge takeoveranbit will deliver a new computing paradigm that extracts the full potential of pip technology which in turn will have a crucial impact on fundamental and applied research and on our information society
tommaso garzonis encyclopaedia of wonders and the european debate on superstition and marvels of the late renaissance

this innovative interdisciplinary project aims to provide the first historical and philosophical analysis of tommaso garzonis understudied encyclopaedic work on wonders il serraglio degli stupori del mondo 1613 within the context of late renaissance debate on marvels the protestant denial of purgatory ignited a heated debate over the spiritual status of ghosts sprites and spirits which were understood as diabolical manifestations this debate spread over time engulfing other forms of preternatural phenomena and yielded an epistemology of wonders intended to distinguish true from false prodigies and actual miracles from superstition as well as to redefine the limits of nature an enthusiastic scientific interest in marvels took root alongside the anxiety over diabolical deceits garzonis work addressed both the religious and scientific preoccupations by analysing the serraglio within the broader context of the european vernacular debate on marvels and superstitions the garzoni project will provide new insights into the circulation of scientific knowledge among nonspecialist audiences investigate the intermingling of learned culture and popular creeds and analyse the debates scientific and epistemological impact the project will follow three main research directions 1 the reconstruction of the editorial history of the serraglio
imagine innovate impact i3

the i3 imagine innovate impact project aims to promote public engagement with stem by creating stronger links between researchers and the general public it unites stem practitioners researchers policymakers and the public to increase the general public awareness of research and innovation endeavors support public recognition of researchers to have stronger support and sense of ownership of research enterprises to create relevance of researchers work on citizens daily life and the material world to support capacity building among young researchers via engagement training and to encourage young people to become agents of change by pursuing their research careers in stem fields bringing topquality universities rd centers and institutions in stem engagement and energizing their willingness to embrace change will significantly contribute to a wider recognition of research and innovation the i3 project includes 10 main strands i stem slam ii caf scientific meet the scientist iii stem expo iv guided visits to research and development labs v hands and mindson stem workshops vi science shows vii european union corner viii games ix science movies and x concert topics and disciplines are structured among stem with an emphasis on researchers contribution and impact on humanities showcase technological advancement and promote cuttingedge technological products that is why our motto is i3 imagine innovate impact in a way the project might light a spark in the participants minds and actions the i3 project will be held in five cities from east to west north to central anatolia
how predictable are earthquakes

earthquakes are spectacular natural disasters as exemplified by the 2004 sumatra and 2011 tohokuoki earthquakes predicting earthquakes remains one of the biggest societal challenges in natural science this research project will attempt answering the following question how predictable are earthquakes we propose a multidisciplinary approach articulated around three main axes i the deterministic predictability of earthquakes in simple homogeneous faults studied by reproducing and understanding earthquake phenomena in the laboratory ii the deterministic predictability of earthquakes in complex heterogeneous faults studied by laboratory experiments producing multiple earthquake cycles on faults with controlled heterogeneities and iii the statistical predictability of earthquakes studied by forecasting the spatial distribution of experimental seismicity using machine learning at the core of this project lies the development of a new dedicated experimental setup to generate multiple earthquake cycles along a fault with prescribed complex geometry and rheology with this new capability we will conduct a threefold experimental program to i compute the complete energy budget of laboratory earthquakes ii study the sensitivity of rupture nucleation propagation and arrest to heterogeneities and iii study the effect of heterogeneities on the relation between fault seismic coupling and seismicity our work will provide insights for earthquake hazard mitigation constrain the physics underlying ubiquitously observed seismological statistical laws omori gutenbergrichter and test seismic slip inversion and dynamic rupture modelling techniques in unprecedented data sets on rock fracture dynamics in experiments that mimic field conditions the new infrastructure we plan to install will reproduce earthquake rupture processes with a spatiotemporal imaging resolution never achieved before
multilevel policies and theories on how to leverage work integration social enterprises for inclusive and sustainable socioeconomic transition

wiseshift aims to provide evidencebased and theoretically sound rationales actionable strategies and multilevel policy architecture to work integration social enterprises wises national federations european networks and policymakers the goal is to enable them to become dynamic agents of inclusive and sustainable transitions within their respective ecosystemsto achieve this wiseshift will develop a scientific conceptualization at the crossroads of social economy studies sustainable transition studies and multilevel governance policy analysis the project will start with a comprehensive analysis of the landscape of wises and their implementation of work integration pathways for vulnerable workers across the 27 eu member states and serbia next wiseshift will conduct an indepth analysis of 24 wises and their contributions to inclusive and sustainable transitions within their respective ecosystems focusing on three domains repair reuse and recycling
society practice innovation a case study from noricum

the aim of the spin project is to assess the emergence of pottery wheelthrowing and potters skill in 100 bc 400 ad eastern alps that would become the roman province noricum adopting a novel method to identify continuous and divergent learning trajectories the transmission of technological knowledge will be elucidated while also considering roman expansion that had an impact on the scale and organisation of pottery production as an important hub for trade networks noricum is an excellent case study to understand how and why wheelthrowing can be differently adopted by craft communities and how important social interactions are in the assimilation of the new technique the earliest stratigraphic contexts in noricum comprise both handmade and wheelthrown pottery yet the implications of such coexisting divergent technological traditions remain poorly understood why did some communities adopt the wheelthrowing technique and why did others reject it the spin project combines archaeological approaches with aspects of social anthropology relating to potters skill together with a host of archaeological science techniques including om xrf xrpd isotope analysis and sem it also incorporates in an innovative manner sans analysis experimental replication as well as digital humanities eg gis and sna to gain insight in the scale and output of production and to assess the impact of expanding roman culture on workshop location and organisation by distinguishing distinct learning traditions the project holds the key to understanding the norms and traditions that regulated ancient craft communities this permits groundbreaking insights that challenge apparent generalisations about the adoption of pottery wheelthrowing particularly regarding underlying social networks among craft communities and it will highlight social interactions between them and other communities in noricum
natures spinflipping machine design of the semiconductorfree biophotoanode

current challenges of humankind in coping with raising energy needs make it necessary to look for alternative technologies for harvesting renewable energy one of the strategies is to construct biophotovoltaics that directly exploits naturally abundant and highly efficient photosynthetic proteins as photoactive components my goal within spinbioanode is to construct the first generation of energyefficient semiconductorfree biophotoanodes to do so i will design assemble characterize and optimize a biohybrid photoanode consisting of a photosynthetic reaction center interfaced with electrode materials via an electronconductive immobilization matrix spinbioanode comprises a unique approach for solar energy conversion that hijacks a highly energetic triplet state formed by a spontaneous electron spin flip in purple bacteria photosynthetic reaction centers this spin flip is biologically unfavorable but potentially lucrative for biohybrid applications that require large open circuit potentials and high solar energy conversion efficiencies above 1 which to date have not been achieved using stateoftheart biophotovoltaics i will apply a strongly interdisciplinary approach for characterization of the photoanode prototype using a combination of spectroscopic electroanalytical and modelling methods this will be achieved by collaboration within a network of physicists chemists and biologists the characterization results will be utilized in the feedback loop workflow to optimize the constructed biophotoanode utilization of biologically unfavorable pathways within protein opened by means of biohybrid approaches is still an unexplored area in biophotoelectrodes design and the outcome of the spinbioanode project will serve as a blueprint in the wider field of light energy conversion in a road towards reaching sustainable development goals such as affordable and clean energy
exploring the deep history of southern utoaztecan languages and peoples a mixed methods approach

a thousand years before europeans arrived in the americas a vast region covering what is now northwestern mexico and the us southwest was inhabited by speakers of languages belonging to the utoaztecan language family often described as nomads in a hostile periphery between the cultures of mesoamerica and the puebloan cultures of the us southwest this project puts the speakers of southern utoaztecan sua languages at the centre seeking to achieve two objectives 1 to recover aspects of ancient sua peoples language and worldview2 to map cultural and linguistic flows moving through the suasphere in the millennia before european colonization the project brings to bear the full scope of methods of contemporary historical linguistics it combines qualitative methods of historical linguistics and narratology with quantitative lexicostatistical and phylogeographic methods to analyse the historical relations between sua languages and to analyse developments of sua mythological traditions integrating a component of language documentation the project works with indigenous scholars and communities to contribute to ongoing efforts of indigenous language maintenance the project will achieve its two objectives by undertaking research in three workpackages wp1 language documentation documents the lexicon of two underdocumented sua languages nayeri and wixrika creating two new dictionaries wp2 qualitative historical linguistics uses the dictionaries to build an etymological database of sua languages and an online database of glossed and annotated mythological texts it also applies historical comparative analyses to both mythical and lexical data to reconstruct aspects of ancient sua language and culture wp3 quantitative phylogenetics uses the etymological and mythical databases for phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses it pioneers the use of an innovative method for reconciliation of wordtrees to produce new phylogenies
biological upgrading of brewer spent grain into high added value products

brewers spent grain bsg is an agroindustrial byproduct produced from breweries 20 kg bsghlbeer its annual global production is estimated to be 39 million tons with 34 million tons produced in the european union most bsg is currently used as a lowvalue animal feed 35ton in this context bsg represents a promising feedstock for the production of novel addedvalue biomolecules indeed this lignocellulosic material is composed of polyphenolic macromolecules such as ferulic fa and pcoumaric acids pa which have very important physiological functions and a market price of 4000 kg biobrew will design novel recombinant enzymes that will allow obtaining high yields of fa and pa extraction from bsg in addition the widespread application of fa and pa in pharmaceutical industry is nowadays limited by their low permeability and instability biobrew will overcome this limitation via innovative nanoencapsulation into nanocarriers biocompatible and biodegradable selective polymers the pretreated biomass obtained after the enzymatic extraction of fa and pa represents an ideal substrate for biogas production however electricity production from biogas will soon became economically nonfeasible due to the rapid decrease in the prices of solar or wind power in this context the biological conversion of the methane contained in biogas into high added value products represents a novel and costcompetitive platform for biogas valorization halotolerant bacteria such as methylomicrobium alkaliphilum can efficiently synthesize ectoine one of the most valuable microbial protective compounds market price 1300kg using ch4 as the sole carbon and energy source biobrew aims at enriching new highyield ectoine producing strains and developing a new generation of high mass transfer bioreactors biobrew will upgrade bsg using innovative biotechnologies and help creating new value chains in the context of circular economy in the brewery sector
unravelling the moleculargenetic underpinnings of hybrid defects in agricultural pests

mating with an incompatible partner can result in dysfunctional hybrid offspring multiple processes cause such hybrid defects including incompatible gene interactions and cytoplasmic incompatibilities that are mediated by bacterial parasites such as wolbachia hybrid defects are strong reproductive barriers that drive speciation and are being harnessed by new pest control strategies to suppress harmful pest populations although pivotal to our understanding of these biological phenomena and applications the moleculargenetic mechanisms that underpin these incompatibilities remain poorly understood with hybripest we will unravel all major mechanisms and their interactions that shape hybrid dysfunction within a system that recently became amenable to such a research endeavour the system of tetranychus mite species important agricultural pests is typified by various processes that culminate in different hybrid defects and benefits from a recently developed genetic toolkit for the first time we will dissect the moleculargenetic underpinnings of cytoplasmic incompatibility from the perspective of wolbachia and host an approach that will test biological theory and identify novel pest control opportunities we will identify the moleculargenetic bases of incompatible gene interactions within and between species shedding light on early speciation mechanisms we will test for mechanistic convergence of different incompatibility loci and study how polygenic hybrid dysfunction is controlled we will implement highresolution genetic mapping techniques and comparative genomics to identify incompatibility loci the functional importance of incompatibility loci to hybrid dysfunction will be further validated by recombinant expression genome engineering and other experimental advances hybripest will bridge pertinent gaps in our mechanistic understanding of hybrid dysfunction insights that will be translated into new theory and bioapplications
development of delignified nanocellulose based gas transfer scaffold membrane for artificial lung applications

lung disease is the third biggest cause of deaths globally for the irreversible and terminal lung disease patients lung transplantation is the only longterm therapy due to the unavailability the suitable donors there is not only a minimum of 18 months of wait on the organ donation patients who eventually secure a lung transplant have less than 20 chance of recovery due to poor organ function therefore there is not only a great need for an artificial lung as a permanent replacement organ but also as a bridge to transplantation existing artificial lung devices fail to mimic the flow gas exchange properties of a human lung and suffer from low biocompatibility leading to undesired blood coagulation and hemolysis which limits their applicability to up to 30 days the complexity and risk associated with current artificial lung technologies mean that they are not offered as longterm lung replacements or as a suitable bridge to transplantationthrough this 36 months eic pathfinder project the consortium led by smart reactors ireland aims to develop the worlds first biobased nanomaterial nanocellulose to manufacture an artificial lung device used as a bridge to lung transplantation the consortium will develop an initial proof of concept nanocellulose device to demonstrate gas transfer and initial hemocompatibility in blood the proposed approach is expected to have two benefits the first is that blood flow can occur in laminar flow conditions reducing haemolysis and damage to the blood secondly nanocellulose has the potential to be endothelialized which would allow for long term gas exchange without the need forsystemic anticoagulants