Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
interface between membraneless organelles and membranes

liquidliquid phase separation is a major mechanism for organizing macromolecules particularly proteins with intrinsically disordered regions in compartments not limited by a membrane many such compartments also known as biomolecular condensates have been described and it is currently agreed that they take over several cellular functions to do so they need to interact with other compartments just as the membranebound organelles interact with each other through welldefined contact sites however at present no concept exists explaining how membraneless and membranebound organelles interacti propose here to address this question by determining the molecular mechanisms and functional impact of the interactions between liquid phases and membranes i hypothesize that a novel type of contact sites between membraneless organelles and membranes which i termed dipping contacts is critical for coupling of diffusion and material properties of condensates to biochemical processes occurring in the membranebound compartmentsto test this i will capitalize on a prominent biomolecular condensate that i characterized a few years ago and which has already been used widely in the literature the synaptic vesicle sv condensate which clusters svs together with proteins such as synapsins and synucleins for this i have already developed advanced reconstitution tools singlemolecule tracking and genetic code expansion in living neurons which will enable me to determine i how the material properties of sv condensates are regulated ii how they recruit specific organelles while rejecting others iii the proteins that mediate signaling and interactions of sv condensates with mitochondria and the er overall this project will lead to an understanding of the interface between condensates and classical organelles which is extremely relevant in the context of aggregationrelated diseases where faulty inclusions of membranes and proteins play a leading role
decision support for prediction and management of long covid syndrome lcs

we will develop tools and knowledge to support physicians in accurately managing long covid syndrome lcs which has a significant impact on sufferers as well as their surroundings although much is now known regarding appropriate clinical management of acute covid19 very little is known about clinical manifestations risk factors and underlying mechanisms for development of the highly heterogenous lcs in this project we aim to understand and mechanisms of lcs by combining frontline expertise from the fields of clinical medicine virology metabolism and immunology we will study the pathogenesis of lcs by conducting geographically diverse cohort and registry studies by conducting mechanistic studies by using novel highthroughput methods for biomarker analysis and by conducting interventional and followup studies on lcs patients we will combine results from clinical and mechanistic studies to identify molecular and physiological parameters andor pathways to decipher the mechanisms underlying lcs we will exploit the highthroughput omics technologies to identify the predisposing factors and biomarkers that lead to the development of lcs we will collect data from the cohort mechanistic biomarker and interventional studies and use these to validate the predictive artificial intelligence algorithms and to produce information and gain understanding on the combination of factors that lead to certain clustering of patients into different groups with specific symptoms a machine learning and aiinformed long covid prediction support lcps tool will be developed for the use of clinicians to predict the lcs and its possible clinical manifestations in patients it will also help in the choice of personalized treatments for lcs patients additionally an interactive graphic user interface infographic will also be available to clinicians and patients this will communicate novel and understandable information about lcs and recommendations for patient management
unravelling the politics of basic income how responsive are policymakers to public opinion

in light of growing debates on the idea of basic income bi the birespons project investigates under which conditions policymakers respond to public opinion about bi i argue that bi is a scientifically challenging case because it poses a theoretical puzzle that has hitherto not been addressed empirically on the one hand bi is a likely case for responsiveness to occur because its introduction would directly impact the lives of many citizens on the other hand bi is an unlikely case compared to most other social policies because it is characterized by a lower salience and higher radicalness the project will solve this puzzle by uncovering a which types of policymakers are unresponsive and to whose opinions they are unresponsive b in which spatial and temporal contexts they are unresponsive c through which mechanisms they are unresponsive and d how their unresponsiveness to public opinion varies across different bi proposals and compares to that of the wellestablished social policy of child benefits these analyses are informed by the newly developed multilevel framework of contingent policy responsiveness which argues that two of the main contingency factors identified in prior research salience and radicalness do not only vary between policy cases but also a within these cases b across context and c between policymakers this new theoretical framework is scrutinized empirically within an innovative mixedmethods design that links qualitative indepth interviews with different types of policymakers to a quantitative public opinion survey in eight european countries that differ with regard to the salience and radicalness of bi in doing so the birespons project forces a major breakthrough in the research on the politics of bi and more broadly expands our knowledge of social policy responsiveness and welfare state politics
innoguard hybrid and generative intelligence for trustworthy autonomous cyberphysical systems

innoguard addresses novel challenges imposed by quality assurance of autonomous cyberphysical systems acps which have integrated artificial intelligence ai components their use in our daily lives is increasing such as in public transport systems highlighting the need for novel robust development methodologies to ensure their dependability whose compromise could have severe consequences as exemplified by various incidents eg accidents caused by teslas autopilot system to ensure acp dependability innoguard targets developing novel methods for acps quality assurance by creating a tailored training program for earlystage researchers esrs with scientific objectives including methods to automate acps quality assessment and behavior evolution using ai techniques and enhancing acps dependability through realtime security privacy and uncertainty handling solutions additionally innoguard seeks to improve the trustworthiness of ai methods enhance environmental sustainability by increasing the energy efficiency of acpss with the usage of ai methods including large language models llms and validate such techniques in opensource contexts such as robot operating systems rosbased systems ultimately innoguard will deliver novel techniques and methodological principles for acps quality assurance ensuring high trustworthiness reliability and legal compliance the projects holistic approach encompasses technical advancements and training initiatives with a broad plan to disseminate results to industry stakeholders associations and the wider public through these efforts innoguard strives to elevate the status of esrs as future experts in acps engineering
piwiinteracting rnas at the interface of virushost conflicts in aedes aegypti mosquitoes

background the mosquito aedes aegypti transmits viruses with pandemic potential but is also host to a large repertoire of mosquitospecific viruses and endogenous retroviruses these viruses may invade the ovaries and eventually the oocyte to be transmitted from mother to offspring and to expand in the population this transmission route exposes them to the specific host defense mechanisms of the ovary which they must overcome to ensure onward transmission this intriguing virushost conflict is crucial for virus evolution and ecology and for host reproduction and survival but has thus far not been studied hypothesis i hypothesize that a specific class of small rnas called piwiinteracting rnas pirnas are essential for protection of the mosquito germline from virus infectionaim my goal is to define the role of the pirna pathway as a host defense system against rna viruses endogenous retroviruses and other genomic parasites and to identify viral counterdefense mechanisms additional to these fundamental aims we will reprogram the pirna pathway to induce resistance against pathogenic viruses in mosquitoes approach this interdisciplinary project combines powerful genetic genomic and proteomic approaches at the intersection of virology rna biology and entomology of particular importance we will establish urgently needed tools for tissuespecific gene inactivation in vivo to define the functions of the expanded piwi gene family of mosquitoesimportance and innovation erc project piwidefense will be the first to define host defense functions of the pirna pathway in the germline of a major vector mosquito the project generates unprecedented insights into the fundamental processes that shape the fascinating virushost conflicts in mosquitoes in addition the project establishes a novel approach that can be translated into mosquitocentered intervention strategies against arthropodborne viruses
new routes of safe and sustainable by design water and oil repellent biobased coatings

tornado project aims to contribute to the transition to a safe circular economy by influencing how products should be designed produced used or treated at their endoflife new organic and hybrid freetoxic coatings with water and oil repellence following safe and sustainable by design ssbd criteria will be developed the novel proposed coatings will be pfas free tornado idea is to research and develop 1 two new type of functionalized acrylated biomonomers with pdms and poss by two different chemical routes acrylation and direct acrylation 2 to synthesized and formulate 2 new biobased coatings based on the functionalized biomonomers by two technologies waterborne organic and hybrid coatings and hybrid solgel coatings biomonomers and coatings will be scale up in an industrial environment coatings will be applied by different industrial processes depending on the industrial field the two coatings will be validated in industrially relevant environments to obtain a performance at least identical to pfas coatings in terms of water and oil repellence and tested according to the main textile packaging and kitchenware specifications and requirements waterproofness oxygen barrier and durability respectively the improvement in environmental performance and circularity of the new coatings will be assessed through environmental life cycle assessment life cycle cost and social life cycle analysis lcalccslca of the proposed new coatings compared to traditionally used hazardous coatings computational tools will be developed for efficient interfacing with publicly accessible and accepted qsarmodels to facilitate easeofuse insilico prediction of required physiochemical properties toxicological endpoints and degradation
isotopes in sublimation by laboratory and infield meteorological experiments

snow and ice influence the earths hydrological cycle and radiation balance and therefore are prime factors governing the climate and water resources snow storage and ablation by melting and sublimation play a crucial role in numerous atmospheric ecological and ecosystem processes while the processes related to the isotopic mass exchange during sublimation of snow are well understood the parameterization of snow sublimation which is critical to improving the predictive modelling of the fate of snow in the present and near future remains an important problem to be addressed the primary question of this project is what are the key processes that control the patterns and magnitude of snow sublimation fluxes to the atmosphere this question will be addressed through i high temporal resolution measurements of snow properties natural isotopic tracers and micrometeorological conditions in the field and ii controlled environmental chamber experiments in the laboratory field measurements will be performed at pallas arctic and sodankyl subarctic finland above the snow surface open ground and forest canopy control experiments will be carried out in the cold climate container ccc at the university of oslo norway the aim will be to understand the mass transfer between snow and atmosphere by measurements of the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in solid snow liquid snowmelt and vapor phase by performing these experiments and measurements the primary target would be to constrain the isotopic signature of sublimation flux and develop a model to simulate isotopic interactions between the snow layer and atmosphere the findings from this study will have a multidisciplinary impact on understanding the influence of snow sublimation on atmospheric and terrestrial water balance in the snowdominated regions of the world
a breakthrough in the twoway coupling within a wavecurrentatmosphere system

the wavecurrentatmosphere wca system in the upper ocean is an airsea interface that drives the physical chemical and biological processes crucial to our global climate and environment observations and simulations over the last two decades have revolutionized our picture of the roles of smallscale wave processes in the largescale oceanic circulations controlled by the wca system offering a promising direction to correcting longstanding biases and errors in key indicators in climate models such as sea surface temperature and the mixed depth of vertical mixing the key to correcting such biases and errors is to physically resolve the surface waves processes in the wca system oceancoupling will effect a paradigm shift towards twoway coupled modeling of the system using a novel approach which removes a bottleneck caused by two main challenges i multiscale dependent physical processes and ii the airsea interface known for its dynamics and complexity this approach harnesses both the analytical features of multiscales quantities and the rapid development in computing power to greatly increase numerical efficiency at no cost of accuracy oceancoupling will explain for the first time how the surface waves processes control the essential exchange of mass momentum and energy between the atmosphere and ocean the outcome of oceancoupling will provide timely links to recent and future ocean surface remote sensing products that monitor the ocean surface and will equip us with a feasible tool to tackle the everincreasing wave extremes due to climate changes and innovative technologies for renewable energyoceancoupling initiates a new way of efficiently modeling complex systems with multiple scales enabling breakthroughs in similar physical systems technically the main outcomes eg theoretical framework and numerical solver with open access will create opportunities for novel insights due to their wide applicability in fluid dynamics
mutualism abandonment in land plants and the origin of novel adaptations

evolutionary outcomes are constrained by lineage history episodes of drastic shifts in selection as in cases of radical environmental change often lead to the loss of traits that were once essential while the loss of such traits may narrow niche breadth it also creates opportunities for adaptive innovations whether trait losses are compensated by novel adaptations and the extent to which similar outcomes evolved independently in unrelated lineages is largely unknown in this project i will investigate this problem by capitalizing on the recurrent loss of mutualism in land plants mutualism with soil microorganisms is ancestral in land plants and provides plants with facilitated access to nutrients instances of secondary loss of mutualism are often linked to novel resource acquisition strategies such as carnivory or parasitism some lineages however including vascular and nonvascular plants have not undergone drastic niche shifts and yet have largely diversified across the ecological space over time after losing mutualism in this project i will use comparative genomics and experimental approaches to test the hypothesis that mutualism abandonment was associated with adaptive genetic changes that compensated for the loss of mutualism to determine whether the loss of mutualism operated as a source of selection on functions formerly facilitated by the mutualistic association i will identify gene family expansions and genomic signatures of adaptive evolution that preceded and followed mutualism abandonment i will then experimentally test this hypothesis in a comparative framework using closely related mutualists and nonmutualists of the liverwort genus marchantia in conditions expected to differentially affect fitness according to mutualism status this work will determine how novel adaptations evolve following the loss of a widely conserved trait and reveal the extent to which similar outcomes originate in lineages with widely different histories
the romanization of europe and its impact on iron age horse breeding and ritual practices a dna assessment in gaul

horses represent one of the animal species that most impacted human history they armed past societies with fast mobility while they provided new farming companions and crucial allies at war as one of the most prominent symbols of wealth and prestige horses were also commonly integrated in a variety of belief systems this was the case for protohistoric gaul from 500 bce where horses became increasingly associated with ritual practices ranging from simple isolated deposits to funerary rituals in connection with humans and chariots and sacrificial sanctuaries current understanding of these horsecentered practices and how they were transformed under roman influence from the 1st century ce is however extremely limited for the lack of relevant textual historical sources the garlic project proposes to combine stateoftheart methodologies at the forefront of biomolecular archaeology to gain finegrained resolution into ritual and breeding practices in protohistoric gaulish horses and follow their changes during the romanisation process our core hypotheses are that specific animal types were bred across gaul and selected for ritual practices and that nonlocal horse resources were increasingly integrated during the roman period ultimately reshaping both breeding and ritual practices garlic builds on the availability of an exceptional archeological collection of protohistoric and roman horse assemblages in gaul and involves internationally recognised experts in zooarchaeology ancient dna and statistical genomics it will investigate for the first time the horse bloodlines and the embodiment of social norms underlying gaulish ritual practices and will reveal how the rise of the roman empire transformed such practices and more generally the preexisting iron age horse agrobiodiversity
new trends of nonhermitian topology in open and correlated quantum systems

nonhermiticity plays a central role in describing open systems which in recent years has been investigated in the context of topology revealing a dramatic enrichment of the phenomenology of topological phases a particular focus has been on the appearance of truly nonhermitian nh degeneracies known as exceptional points eps at which not only the eigenvalues but also the eigenvectors coalesce in their most elementary form eps reveal intriguing phenomena such as unidirectional transmission and onesided visibility due to the novelty of the field research has only recently started to dive into the topic of higherorder eps and the importance of eps beyond classical systems ntopquant elucidates the role played by exceptional nodal phases in open and correlated quantum systems by providing a new perspective on open quantum materialsntopquant not only paves the way towards gaining profound insights into the properties of higherorder exceptional nodal phases but also expands our understanding of open and correlated quantum systems making connection to experiment ntopquant studies nonlinear optical systems in close collaboration with experimentalists at the host institute while eps are typically realized in coupled systems we focus on single devices thus proposing a new path towards studying eps in optical systems equally relevant for experiment are moir materials which are powerful quantum simulators realizing exotic strongly correlated phases ntopquant investigates these materials in their open form which not only results in a new research direction but also paves the way towards studying nh effects in strongly correlated systems in the labthe pi is considered an expert in nh topology and the host institute offers a vibrant scientific environment as such they form the perfect combination for carrying out this highly interdisciplinary research program with the goal to establish a novel perspective on open and correlated quantum systems
rationale design of sustainable porous organosilicas for optimal co2 uptake from biogas

biogas is a renewable energy source that contributes to carbonneutrality by reducing ghg emissions an euwide climate policy framework supports a circular economy based on biomethane yet biomethane is largely contaminated with co2 that must be removed a promising method for biogas upgrading benefits from the use of solid adsorbents cutting down 40 in sorbent regeneration costs compared to the use of decadesold liquid amine absorbents which suffers from poor chemical stability and high regeneration energy costs how can grace contribute to the global effort towards the design of futuregeneration sorbents with improved co2ch4 separation grace aims at providing answers to this end by rationale materials design that will help to build an atomiclevel understanding of intermolecular interactions at the gassolid interface governing thermodynamickinetic phenomena at sorbent surfaces the scarcity of atomicscale studies in gassorption mechanisms at porous surfaces has hindered further progresses on the synthesis of better co2adsorbent materials this knowledge gap is thus my major motivation to tackle this challenge grace encompasses 3 main goals 1 design sustainable periodic mesoporous organosilica pmo sorbents 2 obtain structureproperty relationships studying gassorbents at the atomic level 3 test distinct pmo grain shapes for better biogas upgrading under industriallyrelevant operating conditionsmy past expertise in materials design and multidisciplinary characterization skills will be a valuable asset not only for the synthesis of viable sorbents with favorable properties for co2ch4 separation but also for the tandem use of operando tgair nmrdnp spectroscopies and gas adsorption to study confined 13cenriched co2 species using pure co2 or gas mixtures this equipment is hosted at cicecouavr an internationally renowned lab that fosters interdisciplinary research and is committed to support the growth of young researchers