Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
unraveling novel archaeal metabolic pathways impacting greenhouse gas emissions

archaea are remarkable microorganisms that form next to bacteria and eukaryotes one of the three domains of life and have shaped earths biogeochemistry and climate for billions of years these microorganisms are the main producers of the greenhouse gas methane especially in view of climate change it is crucial to understand all factors impacting greenhouse gas emissions methanogenic archaea are at the center of my research recent breakthroughs in this field have been driven by the discovery of many new archaeal lineages via metagenomic sequencing however physiological characterization and isolation attempts of archaea lag far behind and the evolution of methanogenic archaea is still heavily debated now is the right time to investigate the still underexplored metabolic capabilities of methanogenic archaea their impact on greenhouse gas emissions and to enrich novel archaea i recently discovered a metabolic pathway enabling archaea to produce methane andor co2 from wood components and in silico from prevalent methylated compounds such as chloromethane the novel enzyme systems involved are widespread and new metabolic pathways involving a variety of methylated substrates can be predicted suggesting an important role of archaea in anaerobic conversions of lignin and various methylated compounds to methane andor co2 therefore i aim to i characterize these novel enzyme systems biochemically and in regard to their evolution ii study the physiology of the archaea using these systems and iii evaluate the role of these archaea in the environment and for methane and co2 emissions this proposal has the potential to revolutionize our view on the metabolic versatility of archaea by unraveling novel mechanisms of methane and co2 production in a groundbreaking manner identifying new archaeal substrates involved in methane and co2 production enables us to assess the impact of these conversions on the environment and global methane and co2 budgets
decipher the role of late lytic genes activator a key determinant of active lysogeny in listeria monocytogenes

listeria monocytogenes lm is an intracellular bacterial pathogen lm strain 10403s harbors an active prophage in its genome integrated within the comk gene it was previously discovered by the herskovits lab host lab that during lm infection of macrophages the prophage undergoes excision from comk yielding an intact and functional comk gene that assists the escape of the bacteria from the macrophages phagosomes to the cytosol notably this phage excision does not lead to virion production and bacterial lysis in the mammalian environment suggesting a cooperative phage behaviour it was further shown that the phage early genes are transcribed in the intracellular niche whereas the late lytic genes are not thereby preventing the progression of the lytic pathway this type of adaptive phage behaviour was termed activelysogeny representing cases where prophages cooperate with their hosts to better understand activelysogeny in lm in this bacpro proposal i aim to decipher the mechanism by which the late lytic genes are repressed in the intracellular niche it was previously demonstrated that the late genes are positively regulated by llga an arpufamily transcriptional regulator that is encoded by the phage preliminary data in the lab indicate that llga is thermoregulated at the protein level llga regulation at the temperature of the mammalian niche was shown to relay on the bacteria and to involve a mechanism similar to regulated proteolysis based on these findings in my proposal i aim to identify the bacterial proteases that are involved in its cleavage further i aim to determine llga active form as well as its cleavage sites these studies will provide a molecular insight into the mechanism by which lm controls the phage in the mammalian environment and further increase our understanding of how lysogenic phages interact with bacterial pathogens an information that might lead to a better design of phages for the use of phage therapy
4d bioprinting shapemorphing tissues using phototunable supramolecular hydrogels

during embryonic development organs emerge through highly dynamic processes driven by complex shapetransformations that sculpt their final shape composition and function despite this existing approaches to organ bioprinting employ static hydrogels that are not capable of supporting morphogenetic shape changes further we lack an understanding of how key morphogenetic forces such as volumetric tissue growth can be leveraged to reengineer fundamental tissue shapemorphing behaviours such as bending buckling bulging or twisting these are major barriers preventing the design of bioprinted tissues that undergo shapetransformations essential for their evolution into a functional final form recognising this the goal of morphoprint is to develop a dynamic hydrogel platform that can spatially turn on or off volumetric growth in bioprinted tissues to direct 4d shapemorphing and to use this platform to reengineer morphogenetic shape changes that sculpt the tissue into a more mature form to realise this goal we propose groundbreaking technological advances to create hydrogels with independent networks of 1 supramolecular crosslinks that support volumetric growth and 2 photoresponsive covalent crosslinks that can be spatially activated to resist volumetric growth we will use this platform to explore how spatial patterns of volumetric growth can drive tissue bending buckling and bulging which will lead to a new conceptual understanding of the physical principles that drive tissue shapemorphing we will then apply these principles towards the design of bioprinted heart tubes that undergo embryoniclike looping into an early 4chamber structure morphoprint will enable for the first time bioprinted organs that undergo programmable shapemorphing this will set the stage for a new horizon in organengineering research focused on recapitulating physical aspects of morphogenesis rather than just the endstage geometrical structure of the organ
paleoclimate modelling of small islands in the mediterranean and possible impacts on arthropod habitats

paleosim paleoclimate modelling of small islands in the mediterranean and possible impacts on arthropod habitats focuses on the climate and landuse change luc impacts on arthropod habitats of small islands using a regional climate model rcm arthropods play vital roles in the ecosystem eg pollinators decomposers and others and thus can act as indictors of ecosystem integrity recently the anthropogenic impact on ecosystems through climate change and luc has been devastating especially in vulnerable regions such as the mediterranean basin and its numerous small islands advances in rcms have resulted in extensive climate studies of the region at 125 km resolution however this is a coarse resolution for many small islands the introduction of convection permitting cp rcm simulations allows models to resolve islands such as the circumsicilian including the maltese islands csi and hence study variations in arthropod habitats induced by climate changepaleosim is a multidisciplinary investigation of the climate and associated arthropod habitats in the csi for the first time the regcm can combine the cp and paleoclimate modes to produce 2 km resolution simulations between 21000bce and 2100ce this span of time is characterised by slow climate and geomorphological variation in the beginning and rapid anthropogenic climate change and luc at the end the paleoclimate simulations will shed light on the role humanity has played in the ecological destabilisation of many of these small islandsthis investigation will improve our understanding of past climate changes on the csi and showcase the potential of small islands rcm simulations the project will provide new insight into the expected habitat changes arthropods may experience in the future and help mitigate the destruction of these fragile ecosystems
the world behind a word an anthropological exploration of fascist practices and meanings among european youth

how and why does the fword of fascism continue to constitute a compelling and urgent issue in contemporary europe fword addresses this question through comparative ethnographic research among martial arts and combat sports sites as contexts for exploring how fascist practices and meanings are diffused and appropriated by youth using fascism as a heuristic device this project also unfolds diachronically seeking to explore how european history and memory politics are practiced in the daily lives of young people and how they are signified and experienced ultimately connecting to mythic representations of the past to inform a futureoriented fascist utopia this will be achieved through a comparative ethnography in three european countries belgium italy poland moving from combat sport and martial arts urban contexts to follow relations and life trajectories of young people 1830 with the objective of mapping where youth encounter political discourses in nonpolitical spaces extended ethnographic fieldwork 10 months will be carried out by experienced postdocs supervised by the pi furthermore the comparative design of the project aims to uncover the shared logic of fascism not abstractly but as embedded ideological processfword proposes a new paradigm in the anthropological exploration of contemporary fascism framed by the methodology of feminist ethnography which will interrogate how specific methodological choices are involved in the process of knowledge production and their epistemological consequences the groundbreaking nature of this project is twofold one it unveils the world behind fascism and thus the diffusion and various appropriations of fascist practices and meanings among european youth two it employs feminist ethnography as a paradigm which itself opens up new and unexplored directions of research
young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization

the identification of the first galaxies in the early universe has been an expanding frontier of observational astrophysics reionization marks the last major phase transition of matter in the universe and its completion had crucial impact on the formation of the smallest galaxies reionization is therefore the first landmark of the influence that feedback from star formation had on structure formation while reionization roughly encapsulated the first gyr of cosmic time the precise timing topology and the sources of ionizing photons are unknown did reionization proceed rapidly or gradually and was it driven by rare bright galaxies or numerous faint onesthe main limitation to our understanding is our little knowledge of the properties of galaxies in the early universe now thanks to the longawaited james webb space telescope jwst this field can transition into the study of the characteristics of these first galaxies and the assessment of their impact on their environment with its new technical capabilities jwst will enable the identification of thousands of faint galaxies in the early universe and enable the measurement of the detailed properties of their stellar populations and interstellar mediummy stg will benefit from my early access to jwst to obtain a complete census of the young galaxy population with emissionline surveys in the first 3 gyr of cosmic time i will use unprecedented observational techniques in survey fields that enable direct measurements of the connection between galaxies and intergalactic gas based on a multiangled approach i will assess the role of young galaxies as agents and tracers of reionization my team will measure the total ionizing budget from young galaxies in the early universe and selfconsistently trace the topology and timing of reionization on global and local scales this project will yield a legacy that paves the way for future endeavours with the extremely large telescopes and the square kilometre array
ai and process automation for sustainable entertainment and media

emerald is a 30month ia to develop and demonstrate exemplary tools for the digital entertainment and media industries using ai machine learning and big data technologies to automate and speed processing increase production efficiency use less energy and increase the quality of content there is a massive increase in the volume of videobased and extended reality content with an unsustainable demand for skilled human resources data processing and energy emerald aims to meet the challenge by developing process automation for sustainable media creation creating a testbed for measuring the energy used in media computation developing more efficient data use for aiml in entertainment and media applications reducing the power demands for largescale media data processing and creating acceptance and demand for ai and sustainable production technologies in the entertainment and media industriesthe interdisciplinary consortium of seven partners includes leading companies from the movie broadcast streaming and live entertainment technology sectors supported by two major european universities
action selection in the midbrain neuromodulation of visuomotor senses

in an everchanging natural world animals must constantly adapt their behavior by extracting relevant information from the environment in a contextdependent manner this is a complex task because the relevance of sensory stimuli rapidly changes according to the animals internal states evidence attention and goals in the brain neuromodulatory systems are thought to encode environmental and internal signals such as novelty reward effort and risk providing critical input to ensure appropriate action selection however classically neuroscientists have opted to study sensorimotor transformations as a reflex arc largely ignoring complex modulatory contributions due to their experimental inaccessibility in this proposal i will explore the neuromodulatory strategies used by the brain to tailor sensorimotor computations according to the immediate needs of the animala key node for sensorimotor transformation and spatial attention is the superior colliculus sc the sc is also a neuromodulatory hub where retinal streams converge with highly diverse and functionally mysterious neuromodulatory inputs here i will take advantage of the scs role as a gatekeeper in sensory processing and behavioral control to unravel the multiplexed logic and function of neuromodulation to do so i will first quantitatively describe scs visual and nonvisual dynamics on a momentbymoment basis and define their interactions next i will determine the properties orchestration and influence of scs neuromodulatory inputs on sensory processing goaldirected behaviors and spatial attention finally i will describe the role of neuromodulation mechanistically by developing a novel functional connectomics approach and mapping circuit motif changes given the implication of neuromodulation in brain disorders this work will shed light on the tight orchestration of neuromodulation that ensures appropriate or abnormal selection of actions according to the animals immediate needs
the wool age rethinking social life in later prehistoric europe

the story of european prehistory is written in durable materials stone bronze and iron define the major archaeological periods and are taken to have shaped corresponding societies perishable materials such as wool have comparatively little impact on our understandings however wool production is highly demanding on societal and economic organisation and produces its own embodied experiences through seasonal production cycles the earliest domesticated sheep had a hairy fleece unsuitable for spinning into yarn so the arrival of woolbearing sheep fundamentally reorganised pastoral life requiring novel husbandry practices pluckinggathering shed wool castration to increase quality etc and huge investment in yarntextile production its adoption in bronze age europe has even been termed a revolution sabatini bergerbrant 2020 bringing a new material with unique insulating properties new ways of expressing identities and new forms of humananimal interaction critically the timing of this process appears to be uneven the earliest evidence for wool in britain is the rylstone textile dated to 840590 bc while danish examples for instance occur from 1700 bc this is curious given a known rise in sheep numbers in southern england throughout the second millennium bc could wool really be absent from britain while revolutionising europe the wool age will define the emergence and growth of the prehistoric wool economy in britain for the first time and characterise the societal consequences this will be achieved through a novel triangulation of available evidence animal bone reports textile tools and landscape organisation which avoids waiting for the chance survival of delicate textiles thus a critical issue to our understanding of societal organisation and european interconnection can be revealed
hvdcbased grid architectures for reliable and resilient widespread hybrid acdc transmission systems

hvdcwise project explores concepts and proposes solutions to foster the development of large hvdc based transmission grid infrastructures able to bring benefits in terms of resilience and reliability to the existing electrical system and capable of integrating the forthcoming large amount of renewable energy to do so 5 ambitious specific objectives in line with the horizoncl52021d30208 call expectations were selecteddevelop a complete reliabilityresilienceoriented planning toolset metrics methodology tools with appropriate representation of future hvdcbased grid architecture concepts to fulfil tsos resilience and reliability needspropose and compare on generic cases different hvdcbased grid architecture concepts fulfilling functional requirements relative to tsos resilience needs for the widespread acdc systemvalidate resilienceoriented planning toolset and the hvdcbased grid architecture concepts on three realistic use casesidentify assess and model emerging technologies for hvdcbased grid architecture concepts needed for the deployment of widespread acdc transmission gridsprepare for the adoption and deployment of the proposed solutions by the industryhvdcwise is a multidisciplinary project engaging 14 partners from 11 countries covering the academic 5 tsos 4 and industrial worlds 5 an implementation plan is presented in the form of 8 work packages 6 of which are technical in nature synergy in communication and dissemination by the several partners and stakeholders will permit to maximize the hvdcwise project impact solutions to overcome the fundamental technological barriers as well as appropriate deliverables tasks milestones and risks to complete the project objectives in due time are presentedhvdcwise proposes designs and validates hvdcbased grid architecture concepts enabling the deployment of reliable resilient widespread acdc transmission grids to achieve the european energy transition
the role of european cultural institutions in the circulation of european cinema and the development of chilean film culture 19551989

this project studies the role of european cultural institutions ecis depending on their ministry of foreign affairs in promoting national cinemas abroad and developing local film cultures in chile it compares the role of the instituto italiano di cultura the institut français the centro cultural de espaa and the goethe institut in two key historical periods 19551973 and 19741989 in which these institutions were the main gatekeepers and providers of european cinema in chile the action will be hosted at the visual and digital cultures research center vidi of uantwerpen under director prof philippe meers supervision and at the centre of research in the arts cora based at oxford brookes university under director prof daniela treveri gennaris supervision through an interdisciplinary approach in the line of new cinema history the research will analyse the transnational connections embedded in local film cultures and facilitated by cultural diplomacy it aims to generate new empirical data on this underresearched area of study from a peripheral and noneurocentric standpoint its objectives are to identify european films that circulated in chile thanks to ecis and the social and institutional networks involving this process to explore the emerging imaginaries of european political and quality cinema attached to this circulation and influencing local film cultures and to analyse the local reception of these films and ideas the methodology will combine archival and qualitative research drawing on the researchers previous experience and her training at both the beneficiary institution and the secondment the main results include an online open access database network analysis and a qualitative dataset the researchers training in cuttingedge academic skills and digital humanities valuable inputs that can inform international cultural policies and new collaboration networks between academic and nonacademic international institutions
flexible remanufacturing using ai and advanced robotics for circular value chains in eu industry

renee envisions flexible remanufacturing using ai and advanced robotics for circular value chains in eu industrythe objective of renee is to implement humancentric production systems relying on advanced robotics and ai to accommodate the remanufacturing of diverse states of used products additionally renee will accelerate the workforce upskillingreskilling by deploying a remanufacturing educational platform and a set of operator support technologiesrenee follows a holistic approach providing product process and resourcelevel enablers for remanufacturing applications including circular value chains configuration toolbox including software solutions for product state diagnosis and classification methods for product design for remanufacturability digital product passport and for remanufacturing value chain configuration and planning digital infrastructure for remanufacturing management including a tools for the planning and orchestration of flexible remanufacturing systems b deployment of digital twins customized for the remanufacturing process and c tools to enable product traceability and efficient management of the remanufacturing supplier network robot skills flexible production modules for remanufacturing enabling the resource level autonomy for remanufacturing through the deployment of dedicated robot skills libraries ai methods for decisionsupport and process optimization as well as advanced robotics integrated in hybrid production specialized in remanufacturing upskillingreskilling the workforce for remanufacturing supporting operators both during the remanufacturing tasks via inclusive interfaces as well as providing the infrastructure educational platform and required material courses for training them to meet the requirements of diversified remanufacturing operationsthe renee modules will be validated in 4 pilots from the household appliances refrigerators robotics and mobility electrical motors and bikes sectors