Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
diagnostic tool that integrates optical infrared and sar data dinosar

dinosar aims to develop copernicus based algorithms to support smart farming applications that can be used worldwide clouds or no clouds at the moment most eo based crop monitoring tools are based on optical satellite inputs in areas with substantial cloud cover the use of these applications is extremely limited to be able to introduce more sustainable crop management practices reliable and continuous time series on crop phenology and health throughout the growing season are needed this will support farmers to match agricultural inputs fertilisers pesticides water with what the crop actually needs decreasing their environmental footprint dinosar will do this by integrating the diagnostic power of optical infrared and synthetic aperture radar sar signals with the dinosar project we intend to kickstart a revolution in eobased solutions that tackle challenges in agriculture under clouds by making full use of the copernicus infrastructure we intend to take the existing methodology a step further by designing a multisensor operational monitoring method for a single crop sugarcane capable of operating on large data volumes and then extrapolating this approach to practical field cases and to other crops and geographies for which the application of eobased applications has been underexplored rather than looking at optical and sar based data as two parallel signals we will focus on integrating the two early on in the processing chain this has not been done before sugarcane in colombia is our initial testcase but we will not stop there dinosar will also develop a methodology integrating the combined observations from optical infrared and sar eo satellites to monitor other crops in other geographies
elementselective impulsive electronic and vibrational spectroscopy of ironsulfur clusters

the catalytic activity of metalloproteins and cofactors is at the heart of biological systems functioning biological reactions occur under physiological conditions in stunning contrast with the extreme temperatures and pressures demanded by industrial processes the evolutionary optimal design of enzymatic reactions led to the ubiquitous presence of key molecular motifs in several metabolic pathways among which the ironsulfur fes clusters understanding how these multimetallic clusters act in nature requires mapping their electronic and structural configuration a challenging task that calls for new investigation methodsin this project the main issues of conventional spectroscopies for the characterization of fes clusters are circumvented harnessing the potential of novel atto and femtosecond sources implementing elementselective impulsive vibrational spectroscopy esivs and elementselective impulsive electronic spectroscopy esies the impulsive excitation of fes clusters with fewcycle pumps in the nearinfrared for esivs and visible for esies spectral ranges triggers their vibrational and electronic wavepacket dynamics respectively using ultrashort soft xray pulses the clusters timedomain response is monitored with element selectivity at the fe m23edge and s l23edge retrieving characteristic oscillation frequencies upon fourier transform of the time traces esivs will provide direct structural information of fes clusters measuring fe and s lowfrequency vibrational spectra inaccessible with other approaches esies will map the fe electronic states that are at the hearth of fes catalytic activity and whose experimental observation has proven impractical this project will establish these techniques as advanced xray spectroscopic tools for the investigation of fes clusters providing a better understanding of their role in crucial biological processes such as oxidative phosphorylation photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation
contextdependent flexibility in innate behaviours and their underlying neural circuitry

avoiding danger and approaching food are essential and highly conserved behaviours to ensure an animals survival such innate reactions need to be fast and reliable however in an everchanging environment not only reliability but also flexibility is required how brain circuits are organized to allow for contextspecific flexible behaviour remains an open fundamental question here i propose experiments that dissect how brain circuits mediate contextspecific reactions to survivalcritical cues including threat and prey a unique combination of viral tools highthroughput neural recording techniques and quantification of behaviour in different rodent species will reveal how neural circuits can encode changes in the animals context and adjust to different situations the strengths of this proposal are twofold first this research will make use of the reliable framework of innate behaviours that do not require learning and which can be elicited with simple visual stimuli to assess flexibility second i will compare the impact of three different contexts on these behaviours and their underlying circuits how does ambient light affect innate reactions how do animals respond to threat at different times of the day how have species that evolved in different ecological niches developed distinct avoidance behaviours comparing the impact of these internal and external transient and permanent contexts on the same welldefined circuits and behaviours will first reveal general principles of contextspecific flexibility second dissect whether neural circuits that underly similar behaviours are conserved across species and third determine which parts of the brain are most likely to adjust when changes in the environment requires behavioural flexibility together this work will reveal how flexible behaviours are created in the brain and may provide a framework to assess cause and treatment of lack of such flexibility eg in anxiety disorders
improving green innovation for the blue revolution new tools and opportunities for a more sustainable animal farming

animal health and welfare are issues of high research priority for european aquaculture in particular improving animal welfare whilst reducing the use of veterinary drugs are current research priorities in line with minimizing the environmental impact of the industry preventing or reducing the impact of disease is of prime importance for producers researchers and stakeholders in addition public awareness of aquatic animal health and welfare leads to the increased attention of policymakers scientific community and the consumers into new methods for disease preventionthe ignition project aims to unveil new knowledge regarding animal welfare in the context of climate change and propose new tools to mitigate the adverse effects of stress an improvement in animal welfare will translate in higherquality farmed animals thus improving farming productivity and sustainability performance through ignition it is expected to provide new knowledge through genotyping and molecular phenotyping techniques to develop future breeding strategies for fish and shellfish new innovative tools regarding immunization in fish will also be provided aiming at improving fish welfare and targeting early life stages animal feeds will be formulated to include bioactive compounds extracted from halophytes through a novel upstream cascade salt removal special emphasis will be given to the study and discovery of new noninvasive biomarkers of health and welfare which will in turn allow the development of biosensors and disease prediction through machine learning approaches the tools developed in ignition will be able to avoid the colonization and spread of pathogenic microorganisms including multiresistant microorganisms among farmed animals and the subsequent spread to humans through the food chain
from meaning to perception how narratives shape visual processing

humans constantly generate expectations of what will happen in the future such expectations allow us to quickly absorb incoming data for example the visual system takes advantage of the worlds relative stability over space and time to anticipate upcoming input however most of what we currently know about predictive visual processing comes from studies using arbitrary associations between simple stimuli such as gratings or abstract objects which do not reflect the richness of daily life events it is largely unknown how more complex meaningbased expectations influence visual processing to overcome this barrier the proposed project will use an ecologically valid paradigm using picture books and investigate how such more complex narrativebased expectations shape visual processing i hypothesise that narratives will elicit strong expectation signals that impact even the earliest levels of sensory processing to test this hypothesis i will first quantify narrativebased expectations derived from the picture stories using stateoftheart computational modelling then i will assess whether these expectations shape the processing in visual cortical regions of adult human volunteers using neuroimaging i will inspect whether such signals become anticipatory as viewers become familiar with the narrative in line with the idea that upon construction of a world model the brain predicts upcoming stimuli moreover i will also investigate what brain regions shape such learning of narratives in a separate eyetracking experiment i will explore how narratives influence gaze behaviour providing another assay into how meaning percolates to visual processing this project will allow me to conduct creative original and important research which will propel my scientific career more broadly these lines of inquiry will push the envelope of understanding of human perception and learning bridging from higherorder cognition to lowlevel visual processing
connecting the dots within digital health innovation ecosystems

connectinghealth connecting the dots within digital health innovation ecosystems is a twoyear preparatory action for setting up joint programme among the actors of the digital health ecosystems in europe and beyond the overall aim of the project is fully aligned with the call for proposals which is to foster interconnected inclusive innovation ecosystems across europe and maximising the value of innovation in one of the sectors that provides the future opportunities for growth and increased competitiveness and innovativeness namely the digital health connectinghealth will be implemented by the small and agile core group which consists of the european connected health alliance as a european partner and three organisations that are leaders of the digital health ecosystems in their regions scotland western hungary and southern ostrobothnia to reach its goals connectinghealth will conduct the mapping of the digital health ecosystems in europe their initiatives projects resources and stakeholders develop the future scenario for the digital health sector in europe 2030 and identify the preferable future that will be the base for the multiyear action plan codesigned together with the stakeholders and ecosystems engaged in the project through the futures and investigative workshops besides the investigation on the general level of the digital health the project will look deeper into the three topic crucial for the further development of the digital health sector in europe namely 1 health for wealth opportunities 2 opportunities of the transition from traditional to digital health industry and 3 opportunities of engaging the stakeholders from health and social sector in the development and implementation of the solutions connectinghealth will result with the multiyear action plan and the number of immediately exploitable results eg the future scenarios and the focus area papers they will be disseminated widely to the key stakeholders
strenghtening extreme events detection for flood and drought

today one third of the worlds people mainly in least developed countries and small island developing states are still not covered by early warning systems this is unacceptable particularly with climate impacts sure to get even worse early warnings and action save lives to that end today i announce the united nations will spearhead new action to ensure every person on earth is protected by early warning systems within five years un secretarygeneral antnio guterres on world meteorological day 20220323the ambition of the strengthening extreme events detection for floods and droughts seedfd project proposal is to give europe with the copernicus emergency management service a leading position with this regard by breaking the current limitations of hydrological simulation accuracy and reliability and providing skillful floods and droughts forecasts available anywhere in the world including in the global south for lower and middleincome countries typically the most impacted by extreme hydrological events but also where the current knowledge gap in hydrological simulation and forecasting is highestcombining stateoftheart science with crucial advances in eo and noneo technologies the projects global objective is to enhance the quality and portfolio of the cems ews for floods and droughts and improve the reliability of predictions all over the world seedfd will target every critical part of the cems hydrological forecasting modelling chain by applying stateoftheart science to transform new observational information into highquality hydrometeo extreme event forecast products it will invest in better representing hydrological processes and parameterisation techniques of the cems core hydrological engine lisflood and combine the model enhancements with innovative techniques to integrate eo and noneo data with the near realtime hydrological processing chain for reducing hydrological forecasting errors
careful now a new sociostructural theory of manipulation and its normative status

interest in philosophical theories of manipulation has soared in recent years one reason is the debate about rising populism polarisation and political events like the cambridge analytica scandal which draws on philosophical theories to identify illegitimate manipulative influence beyond academia philosophical theories also inform the definition of manipulation in legal regulation like the eus ai act which aims to limit the risk of technological mass manipulation getting the definition right is an urgent issue according to sam altman chatgpts inventor new ai systems may soon reach superhuman persuasive capabilities but current manipulation theories are illequipped to carry out this task because they are overly individualistic they assume that humans are solitary beings who think and reason independently in reality however we are deeply social beings who depend on others and helpful technology to deliberate well therefore we must be protected from malicious interference as current manipulation theories emphasise and from a lack of care to safeguard the social and structural conditions under which we reason and deliberate well carenow aims to develop the first manipulation theory that acknowledges our deliberative dependency the targeted outcomes will be an original definition of manipulation one that is unlike current definitions compatible with manipulation by social systems and technology which typically lack intention and explain the contextdependent epistemic ethical and political status of manipulation based on the new value of deliberative care it yields innovation by taking a social epistemology perspective and pioneers an experimental philosophy approach that integrates philosophy with empirical studies of manipulation because carenow reverses a fundamental assumption of current manipulation theories and switches perspectives from the individual to the social it is ambitious bold and potentially groundbreaking
hydrophobic eutectic solvents for tailored metal separation and recycling

designsx proposes the application of bioinspired nonionic hydrophobic eutectic solvents des to the solvent extraction sx separation of lanthanides ln based on the understanding of these complex mixtures that are defined by hydrogenbonded supramolecular selfassembly sustainable metallurgy stands uniquely poised to reduce the environmental impact of existing processes whilst recovering the metal value in endoflife devices thereby closing the resource loop despite their growing demand and geopolitical criticality ln separation remains technologically challenging due to the small monotonic variation in their properties negatively affecting the economics of their recycling designx seeks to exacerbate the steric factors defining the interactions between ln and ligands dictating the ensuing complex geometries and mutual separation selectivity through the inclusion of complexing agents as components of molecularly crowded des by carefully selecting the des phase binary components the energy penalty associated with the structuration of the apolar phase may be rationally adjusted to increase the selectivity between adjacent ln versus the same extractant in conventional sx given that the separation of adjacent ln occurs over dozens of countercurrent extraction stages even seemingly small increases in the separation factors yield measurable environmental and economic gains designsx rely on a tandem experimentalcomputational approach spanning multiple time and size scales from a molecular description of pairwise interactions to laboratoryscale process optimisation designsx will overcome the traditional sx issues of complex flowsheets thirdphase formation toxicity of the organic diluent through the inclusion of bioderived components and entrainment losses whilst improving the selectivity of the separation designsx outcomes are expected to be transferable to other critical sx separations
multidimensional integrated quantitative approach to assess safety and sustainability of nanomaterials in real case life cycle scenarios using nanospecific impact categories

in line with the current guidelines for safe and sustainable by design ssbd chemicals and materials integrano proposes a general assessment approach based on quantitative evidence to be applied in practice for specific nano materials nms design cases referred to inorganic organic and carbon nms the development nms dedicated novel impact categories ics for nanotoxicity and econanotoxicity assessment will enable the integrated application of standardised assessment methodologies the following four nms life cycle stages lcs are addressed synthesis incorporation use phase and endoflife the application of the stagegate ssbd process through the lcs addresses performance in the five dimensions 5d s safety environmental economic social and functional generation of dedicated response functions will allow associating key decision factors kdfs such as concentrations processing parameters etc to key performance indicators kpis such as occupational safety co2 emissions job creation potential nm cost antibacterial functionality etc ssbd nms solutions will be obtained by multi objective optimisation design mood dedicated algorithm a dedicated digital decision support toolbox dst will elaborate design case specific data and run mood algorithm to sort the set of multioptimal ssbd options which are simultaneously complying with all the targeted kpis referred to the 5ds the digital supported decision process will help scientists material engineers nanoenabled products neps designers policymakers and decisionmakers to takle the ssbd challenge allowing for dramatic reduction of research development rtd and approval leadtime as well as minimising costs and increasing the transparency of the data by making the industrial uptake of nanotechnologies more sustainable and viableintegrano allows the integration with other existing ssbd frameworks by transposing results into other scoring metrics and enabling data exchange
multilingual acquisition and processing heritage russian in spain

recent research highlights a need of deeper understanding of the nature of language competence and the development of this competence under heritage language bi and multilingualism heritage speakers hss is a population highly diverse in terms of their linguistic competence and its development multilingual acquisition and processing map heritage russian in spain will provide an examination of russian heritage language hl grammar in a previously unstudied sociolinguistic context focusing in particular on the patterns of crosslinguistic interaction at early and most unstable stages of multilingual language development the overall research objective is to discover the patterns of language acquisition and language processing in order to find out how multilingual minds deploy their developing grammatical knowledge and how they detect and access the linguistic morphosyntactic mechanisms from their two coexisting languages in realtime the proposed empirical study will investigate the effects of linguistic proximity individual experiential factors and the developmental patterns of crosslinguistic influence in child bilingualism heritage russian in spain will be studied with a focus on 37yearold children in order to examine developmental trajectories in both languages on the theoretical level map will significantly contribute to the development of a model of heritage language grammar and add to a subfield of multilingualism studies heritage language acquisition by showing the patterns of crosslinguistic interaction at early stages of multilingual russianspanish development on a societal and education level project findings will be relevant for policy makers teachers school principals and hss communities in european countries to date most heritage language studies have focused exclusively on the minority language map will fill an important gap by focusing on both languages
funding frictions after the global financial crisis

funding frictions are tensions in financial markets that can preclude institutions from borrowing money or rolling over debt in extreme situations such as the 20072009 global financial crisis gfc or the market turmoil in march 2020 during the covid19 pandemic funding frictions can lead to the default of otherwise healthy institutions and destabilize the entire financial system while earlier research pregfc tends to disregard funding frictions the enormous risk associated with these market tensions highlights that a deeper understanding of funding frictions is crucial it can guide policy makers to determine their optimal responses to future crises and help institutions to reduce their funding riskin this project i will investigate how funding frictions affect financing conditions for countries banks pension plans and life insurance companies while funding frictions can in the most extreme cases lead to the bankruptcy of otherwise healthy entities they usually first manifest through elevated costs for external financing shorter debt maturities or a lack of access to certain credit markets focusing on these aspects i will investigate the following question how did the market developments since the gfc affect funding frictions for countries banks pension funds and insurance companies more specifically i examine four postcrisis changes in financial markets i ballooning deficits in most developed economies ii tighter regulation of money market mutual funds iii pension risk transfers with firms transferring their defined benefit db pension plans to life insurance companies and iv tighter bank regulation as implemented in the basel iii capital accords and study their impact on funding costs and access to credit markets the results can help sovereigns with managing their increasing debt levels and inform policy makers about the potentially unintended consequences of regulatory changes