Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
health and gender health inequalities a longitudinal analysis using the survey of health ageing and retirement in europe share

health inequalities are a major concern in all european countries however these disparities are still marked inside societies the literature on health inequalities has focused mainly on singlecountry studies and with a limited time span such as early conditions or late life situation of individuals however a crosscountry longitudinal approach is fundamental to tackle the origins and evolution of health inequalities and to understand the heterogeneity of these type of disparities with a geographical perspective in this setting the focus on gender health disparities has not been addressed exhaustively yet the main approaches have proposed a biological ground under which malefemale differentials in health outcomes occur or a social approach where different health risks are associated based on the gender however the economic discipline can contribute to advance the understanding of gender health inequalities by exploiting individuals and administrative data along with novel quantitative econometric analysis to investigate whether gender health disparities take place based on the health services provision this project aim to address these fundamental issues by taking advantage of the survey of health and retirement in europe share in a crosscountries longitudinal set up administrative data about the healthcare supply from eurostat will be linked to understand gender health disparitiesthe focus of this project is critical even more in the context of the current covid19 pandemic which have put the societal welfare under strain the outcomes of the project will advance the comprehension of health inequalities help in reducing gender health disparities and support policy reforms in the healthcare systems all over europe this project will provide me with the necessary competences and enforce my econometric skills and management proficiency to establish myself as an independent research leader in the field of health economics in europe
independent mobility to the blind and visually impaired using wearable remote touch sensing technology

7sense is a unique innovation that can empower 290 million blind and visually impaired people to safely achieve independent mobility in indoor and outdoor spaces and to interact with the surrounding environment and people no remote or physical assistance no dog no cane 7sense gives a superhuman sense of touch enabling them to see and be free the patented technology comes in the form of a wearable headband comprising a proprietary haptic device array of physical pixels and a 3d capture camera 7sense captures the physical world in realtime and conveys it to the users forehead through the sense of touch the prototype trl6 has already collected positive feedback from the chairman of the estonian blind union who lost complete sight at age 13 for once i was blind now i can see this changes everything the company has the technical knowhow strategic alliances and management and business experience to create and deliver the solution effectively and at scale
neuroendocrine sensor for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy sudep prediction and prevention

neurosense proposes a novel and visionary technology resulting from the demonstration of the upstream role of arousal in the sudden unexpected death in epilepsy sudep sudep is a societal challenge for which there is neither prediction nor prevention research in the field has for long been refining classic concepts based on the cardiac respiratory and autonomic nervous systems impairment our vision is different and based on the neuroendocrine processes of epileptic seizures and arousal which are expected to be impaired in sudep the neurosense project will develop the first sudep medical device smd prototype supported by artificial intelligence ai to anticipate lifethreatening seizures and trigger automatic emergency drug administration to prevent sudep this represents the very first viable solution towards a societalfriendly management of epilepsyderived mortality thus enabling the prevention of sudep worldwide this will be achieved through the combination of expertise and innovative ideas in epilepsy and sudep biosensors for medical devices animal models of epilepsy and sudep and mathematical modelling to tackle the objectives of the neurosense project a multidisciplinary group of european leading experts in key technological areas will ensure that the complete chain of value is enclosed in a multifaceted analysis the highrisk character of this joint science and technology research is offset by the multidisciplinary nature of the consortium by strong and extensive preliminary data and by the high socioeconomic gain resulting from its successful execution based in the new smd technology we will build a diverse portfolio of future projects that will result in a longterm benefit for people with epilepsy their families the economy and society
remote sweatskin patch for monitoring breast cancer therapeutic response

breast cancer bc is the most common cancer in europe in most cases bc will present at a locally advanced or distant stage which requiresanticancer drugs however there is no guarantee that the favorable drug benefitrisk balance will align with expectations at an individual level or be maintained over time therefore monitoring tumor response to treatment is critical for timely adjusting the therapeutic strategy to improve patients outcomes to fulfill this unmet medical needsweatpatch proposesan innovative non invasive approach to monitor in realtime bc response to treatment based on emerging odorous biomarkers namely volatile organic compounds vocs from sweat emanated from the breast skin due to their connection to breast tumor metabolism sweat vocs are promising candidate biomarkers for monitoring tumor response to treatmentsweatpatch breakthrough relies on a radicallynew technology with cuttingedge straintronic microwave based on phononic metamaterials and nanomaterials chemtronics technologies to solve scientific bottlenecks for sweat vocs analysis in the near field of cancer cellssweatpatch will gather an interdisciplinary consortium of leading experts in materials sensors data processing and translationalclinical oncology from 6 countries the consortium will develop a groundbreaking wireless labonapatch to 1 monitor bc therapeutic response directly from the breast surface using a novel biocompatible flexible patch combined with specific data analysis that 2 will also be adaptable to in vitro 3d culture systems of patients derived organoids a tumor model avatar created from patients bc which will be used for drug screening to modelize tumor response to treatmentsweatpatch will convey a considerable conceptual leap that will shift the current healthcare paradigm from onesizefitall monitoring to a smart realtime personalized monitoringsynchronized to tumor biology to reach precision oncology
mediterranean digital twin network for understanding climate extremes

meditwin harnesses the global scientific leadership of advanced partners in ai for earth observation emphasizing physicsguided ml explainable ai and causality it prioritizes an extensive capacitybuilding agenda aiming to enhance research capacity and elevate the international standing of ntuas school of surveying engineering and geoinformatics this collaboration centers on the development and utilization of the proposed mediterranean digital twin mdt a research asset that promises to deepen our understanding of earths processes especially in the context of the climate emergency our commitment is demonstrated through an innovative research project focused on modeling climate extremes and impacts in the mediterranean addressing crucial global challenges related to climate change
alkaline electrolysers with enhanced durability

todays alkaline electrolysers are typically operating at voltages exceeding 2 vcell corresponding to electrolyser power consumption 54 kwhkg improved performance is often achieved by incorporating platinumgroup metals pgm in electrode coatings but the wider adoption of such approach is severely hindered by the limited availability and high cost of pgm not only does electrode degradation negatively affect the efficiency of the electrolyser stack but also the efficiency of the entire system degradation also negatively affects capex due to degradation the amount of waste heat that needs to be removed from the stack increases which means that electrolyser components need to be significantly oversized if electrolyser degradation rate could be reduced it would result in twofold benefits 1 lower operating expenditures via lower energy consumption over electrolyser lifetime 2 lower capital expenditures via lower level of oversizing of balanceofplant components needed both would positively affect the levelized cost of hydrogen lcohwe aim to develop a pgmfree alkaline electrolyser stack with pemlike performance and low degradation rate proposed innovationsdevelopment of 3d structured laterally graded flowengineered monolithic porous transport electrodes pte drastically improving electrode kinetics and mass transport compared to stateoftheart cellsmultilevel computational fluid dynamics cfd modelling coupled with advanced xray tomographynovel pgmfree high performance electrocatalysts fabricated using inherently scalable methodsstacklevel improvements and performance validation using 100cm2 and 1000cm2 stack platforms and benchmarking with stateoftheartbuilding upon the work done by the jrc the development of harmonised test protocols and accelerated testing procedures for alkaline water electrolysers
addressing the challenges of highperformance solutionprocessed oleds using sustainable materials

in the 21st century displays play a central role they are embedded in almost every type of electronic device and it is difficult to imagine a world without mobile phones monitors and televisions driving the pervasiveness of displays is the disruptive organic lightemitting diode oled technology there are however some structural weaknesses in stateoftheart vacuumdeposited oleds these include the use of scarce metals within the materials of the device and the reliance on energyintensive and expensive vacuum deposition fabrication methods solutions are required to make these devices more sustainable from choice of materials to manufacturing processes the european doctoral training network tadfsolutions will train a cohort of dynamic researchers to devise develop and implement sustainable solutions for improving the device performance of solutionprocessed oleds the 10 phd scientists will undertake multidisciplinary research to meet this design challenge despite being cheaper the current best solutionprocessed oleds spoleds still rely on scarce noblemetal based phosphorescent emitters and underperform compared to vacuumdeposited oleds starting from bespoke organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter materials the performance of spoleds will be maximized based on improved predictive models of charge transport film processing techniques and device structures a strongly interconnected approach is required not only to effectively train the dfs but to meet the objectives the tadfsolutions network consists of 8 leading european academics 3 companies and 5 international partners that are equipped and experienced to not only confront the materials and device design challenges but to provide a robust multidisciplinary and intersectoral training environment to ensure that the dfs have the requisite skills both soft and technical to enter the employment market and contribute to securing europes leading role in oled materials
social media artistic training in teenagers

smart is at a novel intersection between cognitive developmental neuroscience neuroeducation mobile health promotion human brain connectivity and art appreciation creation fields the motivation behind smart is first the increase in usage of smart devicessocial media platforms sm paired with a reduction in the age of first exposure to these platforms and second the focus of neuroscientific research on negative effects of their overuse despite the evidenced positive influences that sm hold boosting social interaction creativity health promotion reported negative influences include alterations on executive functions cognitive emotional control and an increased risk of developing depression and anxiety throughout adolescenceadulthood nevertheless effects of overuse of sm during development are influenced by different factors with the type of activitiesinteractions playing a crucial role smarts main goal is to apply artrelated interventions to transform the use of sm by adolescents while seeking to overcome the negative implications linked to the excessive passive use of these platforms at brain cognitive mental health levels artbased interventions have previously proven to strengthen the same brain networks and functions most frequently impaired due to sm passive overuse our artistic interventions will engage participants in more stimulatingintellectual sm activities reducing the passive overuse and potentially promoting cultural practices that reduce overall usedependency of sm novelty is granted by using a digital art creation approach no classical art training involving daily used devices motivating environments and the combination of multimethodological data to study the brain mechanisms behind potential cognitive emotional changes induced by the interventions conclusions from smart may promote artistic activitiesprofessions inspire education programs and policy and be applied to improve academic outcomes
strep stretchable pv foil

co2 neutral energy generation is needed for climate change pv can solve a large portion of this need in densely populated areas theuse of land is scarce and therefore pv integrated in the built and living environment is preferred to make double use of land areaflexible pv sheets already exist but the present pv sheets cannot be stretched or elongated like textile that is placed under stress theexisting pv sheets can be rolled and bended but not elongated which is important when the pv sheets would be integrated into egthe architectural textile this project aims to solve this problem by making the interconnection between the solar cells stretchablethis would open many opportunities to integrate these pv foils in applications where the flexible sheets are placed under severemechanical stress or tensionin this project we will use flexible cigs pv cells which are also used in the present flexible pv modules to allow stretching of the foilunder mechanical stress it requires a special interconnection technology a patent pending technology has been developed to createa series interconnection between the flexible solar cells that at the same time can be stretched several millimeters so that anelongation of 3 to 10 of the pv foil would become possiblethis would be new and opens the possibility to integrate the pv foil in any tentlike structure applications we foresee are pv integrated in tents for refugee camps integration of the pv on the tents itself will create immediately energy generation at themoment of setting up the tents agricultural pv is a fastexpanding pv segment for this application the resistance to wind pressure is an important factor andstretchable pv would be a solution to overcome that problem architectural textile is used for making domes to cover sport or other large infrastructure with dimensions up to 600m x 400mthese large roof surfaces would be ideal to generate part of the co2 neutral energy
engineering of low germination stimulant production to control witchweed infection in maize in subsaharan africa

the parasitic witchweeds such as striga hermonthica and striga asiatica pose an enormous threat for production of cereal crops such as sorghum millet and maize in the african continent threatening the livelihood of millions of people especially in subsaharan africa striga seeds lay dormant in the soil until their germination is triggered by strigolactones sls signaling compounds exuded by roots of plants including maize maize exudes at least six different sls from its roots into the rhizosphere two of which were structurally identified as zealactone and zeapyranolactonein work on maize strigolactone biosynthesis that was part of the erc advanced grant chemcomrhizo we demonstrated that there is natural variation in the germination stimulant composition in the root exudate of maize varieties and that this results in a degree of striga resistance we have elucidated the entire biosynthetic pathway of all sls in maize and we showed that the difference in strigolactone composition is the result of a difference in the expression of one of the genes in the pathway the line with the strongest reduction in the expression of this gene a northamerican cultivar displays almost full striga resistance compared with a susceptible control in collaboration with the cgiar institute cimmyt we propose to create knockout lines in this gene in two elite african maize varieties to deliver the proofofconcept that this striga resistance can be introduced into africa
charting the sea of brain waves investigation of cortical traveling waves during speech processing

since the beginning of the 20th century oscillatory patterns have been identified in recordings of human brain activity neural oscillation research is a highly active area of investigation with several competing hypotheses about the role oscillations might play in human cognition here we focus on the spatial dimension and look at the emergent topic of oscillations in the form of traveling waves these have been detected in different cortical areas but there is no clear computational role in the proposed project i will first develop the wavescope toolbox for the spatiotemporal characterization of propagating events this open source toolbox wp1 uses a noveltotheresearchfield algorithm the algorithm leverages the fact that we can record cortical activity with many sensors eg using meg or eeg and arrive at multivariate estimation of phases across recording channels this allows tracking traveling waves across many frequencies without the selection of a prior frequencyofinterest the procedure will be validated in resting state data and compared systematically to other stateoftheart wave detection algorithms i then will apply the novel methodology to speech processing data acquired via magnetoencephalography wp2 during the processing of speech one typically observes a complex coordinated hierarchy of rhythmic activity we will investigate whether wave propagation direction is congruent to directions expected by functional anatomic organization and known auditory processing stages the knowledge and skills gained from this interdisciplinary project using a new recording modality as well as a new domain of study will allow me to further develop a competitive scientific career as an independent researcher in terms of scientific impact the characterization of propagating activity will be helpful in the hunt for wellmotivated abstractions in the amount of everincreasing brain data and therefore of fundamental importance for neuroscience
taking blood apart by sound

separation of blood components is of high importance in healthcare and often require fractionation of blood in its subcomponents by centrifugation there are several scenarios that calls for improved resolution1when blood is drawn from a donor and a specific cell type is extracted while returning remaining blood components2in cancer immunotherapy where tcells are isolated from the blood and then genetically reprogrammed to be reinfused in the patient where they seek up and destroy cancer cells3circulating tumor cells which are involved in the process of formation of metastases in cancer patients can be detected and monitored by extracting cancer cells in large volumes of blood4improving the quality and reducing the number of manual procedures in diagnostic instrumentation that analyzes bloodcentrifugation has the fundamental drawback of having rotating parts and thereby taking up space and being difficult to implement for flowthrough processing which is desirable both for integration in analytical equipment and for processing blood for continuous reinfusion into a personwe will investigate an alternative to centrifugation wherein blood components are separated by a sound field cells will be separated based on differences in density and size while flowing through an acoustic separator module recent ercfunded research indicates that this approach is feasible but three scientific questions has been identified with fundamental impact on the commercial potential of this technology1how selectively can subgroups of blood cells be separated by acoustic separation2can acoustic separation be scaled for high throughput applications3can acoustic separation affect blood cellsto address this my team will design and build two prototype systems for whole blood processing and evaluate the quality and throughput of the separation with the ultimate goal of bringing this technology to the market for the benefit of society
approaching 20 emission efficiency in the nirii region with radical chromophores

the applications of lightbased technologies in modern society cannot be underestimated some wellknown examples of these include organic lightemitting diodes fluorescent sensors organic photovoltaics and fluorescence imaging emissive radicals have recently appeared as promising and entirely new building blocks for these technologies this breakthrough is due to the fact that their electron spins at the lowest excited state and ground state are both doublets and the transition from the lowest excited state to the ground state is not hindered by being a spinforbidden reaction which allows for higher operational efficiencies additionally compared with both classical fluorescence microscopy and infrared imaging methods 750900 nm imaging in the second nearinfrared window nirii 10001700 nm allows for both deeper tissue penetration and a higher signaltonoise ratio the applicability of nirii emitters can be bolstered through combination with circularly polarized luminescence cpl the differential emission of left and right polarized light the overarching goal of this project is to uncover a strategy to create radicals which at the same time a strongly emit light in the nirii region b are stable under ambient conditions c strongly absorb light d display large circularly polarized luminescence the primary objective of archimedes is to deliver breakthrough organic materials possessing large fluorescence quantum yields and stable radical structures in the integrated fields of molecular design chromophore synthesis and fluorescence imaging of living cells the realization of archimedes will be based on both expanding the chemical space of stable emissive ccentered radicals and on heretofore nonexisting emissive nitroxide radicals the synergistic effects of increased brightness of nirii dyes and the higher sensitivity and resolution offered by cpl fluorophores will provide quality fluorescence imaging on a previously unthinkable level