Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
the milky way system as a laboratory to understand the role of galactic winds in galaxy evolution

massive stars and black holes in galaxies work together to launch multiphase gaseous winds at velocities of hundreds of kilometres per second these galactic winds play a fundamental role in the evolution of galaxies as they regulate the formation of new stars by transferring gas from the disk to the surroundings despite the recognised importance of these phenomena the physical processes behind them and their actual impact on the life of different types of galaxies are still unclear mainly because observations in external galaxies lack the spatial resolution to study in detail these winds and to constrain theoretical modelsthis erc project will rectify this situation by using the milky way and its main satellites the magellanic clouds as the closest wind laboratories in the universe a unique and powerful combination of observational and theoretical techniques will be used for this project new highresolution multiwavelength data from forefront telescopes will be exploited to explore the nature of multiphase material traveling within winds in different galactic environments with unprecedented accuracy reaching subpc resolution in the milky way and pc resolution in the magellanic clouds observational measurements will be accompanied by advanced theoretical modelling and stateoftheart hydrodynamical simulations which will ensure the most accurate interpretation of the data and will provide new invaluable insights on the physics of galactic windsthis project will reveal 1 the detailed physical conditions of multiphase gas in outflows 2 the origin and physical mechanisms that drive these winds 3 the connection with galactic environment 4 the broader impact on the evolution of different host galaxies these are all critical aspects to understand the role of galactic winds in shaping the galaxies that we see today the outcome of this groundbreaking project has therefore the potential to add a key piece to the puzzle of galaxy evolution
preventive protection of archaeological sites in the emmena region

the revitalisers primary goal is to boost the capabilities of the ecoe to develop skills tailored for the protection of archaeological sites from illegal excavations and looting activities in the emmena regionthrough strategic networking activities between the ecoe and three internationally leading institutions bsc fbk um revitaliser aims to achieve four main objectivesimproved excellence capacity and resources of ecoe to bridge the research and innovation divide between cyprus and europe in earth observation and cultural property protection cpp and archaeological looting utilizing an interdisciplinary approach encompassing archaeological aerial interpretation ai machine learning law policy and criminologyraised reputation research profile and attractiveness of the ecoe for junior and senior qualified researchers inwards and outwards mobility active in cpp together with the boosted profile of its scientific staff involved in the cultural heritage domainstrengthened research management capacities and administrative skills of the ecoe staff through capacitybuilding activities in project management funds acquisition talent attraction and retention and dissemination strategies among othersimproved creativity of the ecoe researchers in cpp supported by revitaliser exploratory research project fostering knowledge exchange collaboration and new avenues of research exploiting the advanced partners expertise and solid networkultimately the ecoe enriched by the revitaliser twinning experience will become a leading institution in archaeological protection focusing on combating cultural property crimes in the emmena region making meaningful advancements in the preservation of cultural heritage
innovative mucus secretion stimulation for inflammation control in inflammatory bowel disease

inflammatory bowel diseases ibds such as crohns disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic debilitating conditions affecting millions worldwide there is currently no cure for ibd only treatments aimed at inducing long lasting remission these treatment options act mainly by inhibiting the patients immune system leaving patients immunocompromised and come with a high annual direct cost even with advanced treatment most ibd patients will require surgery during their lifetimes thus more affordable treatment option which are not focused on immune suppression are needed while the etiology of ibds is not clear it is thought that breakdown of gut barrier function is a major driver of chronic intestinal inflammation indeed penetrance of luminal microbes into the mucus layer which covers the intestinal epithelium is a hallmark of ibds this penetrance and contact of microbes with the hosts immune system drives a proinflammatory response and prevents tissue healing while performing our ercfunded research project we found a way to induce excess intestinal mucus secretion in mice we found this excess mucus secretion protected mice from development of colitis in a model of ibd we also uncovered the mechanism which controls intestinal mucus secretion and discovered a cheap and reproducible way to pharmacologically induce excess mucus secretion using a bile acidour goal is to determine whether pharmacologically inducing intestinal mucus production in preclinical mouse models of ibd can induce and sustain remission the projects methodology encompasses preclinical trials utilizing three distinct mouse models to rigorously test the efficacy and safety of our innovation a comprehensive market analysis informed by stakeholders including healthcare professionals and patient advocacy groups will guide the development process ensuring the therapeutic approach meets the realworld needs of ibd patients
the social dilemma of selfreliance

to tackle global challenges like climate change or pandemics largescale cooperation is needed cooperation and its maintenance are traditionally seen as a conflict between prosociality dedicating resources towards public goods and freeriding taking advantage of the cooperation of others yet when faced with shared problems that require cooperation individuals may also have the ability to solve them individually societies often and increasingly so provide individuals with means to become independent of public goods through eg private healthcare or retirement planning how such opportunities of selfreliance influence cooperation and groupliving is largely unknown selfreliance fills this void and elucidates the functional and dysfunctional effects of increasing opportunities for selfreliance conceptualizing cooperation as a conflict between communalism and individualism reveals a heretofore neglected social dilemma and shows 1 how selfreliance changes the interdependence structure of groups 2 how such changes influence the ability to solve shared problems 3 affect norms of trust and responsibility and 4 give rise to institutions able to solve the dilemma between independence and collective action to this end selfreliance is built on a new collective action model using this model as the theoretical bedrock the strengths of three methodological approaches are combined laboratory experiments wp11phd a largescale crosscultural study wp21postdoc and computer simulations wp31phd in combination this approach will reveal how selfreliance changes the normative foundation of groups how crosscultural differences in interdependence influence cooperation around the globe and the coevolution of selfreliance institutions and collective action results will advance our theoretical understanding of human cooperation and inform policies for promoting cooperation towards shared socioeconomic problems across societies
exploration for large interacting systems of agents

this erc project addresses mathematical theories and numerical tools for meanfield models which are used to describe the statistical state of a population mathematically such models are often seen as timedependent systems whose state variable takes values in a space of probability measures one of the key features of the erc project is its focus on mean field models for which the state of the population is itself random primarily we aim to consider dynamics with values in the space of probability measures that are subject to an external noise which is often called a common noise our main hypothesis may be formulated as follows it is possible to construct a common noise that would force meanfield dynamics to explore the space of probability measures in an efficient manner very much in the spirit of a brownian motion in the euclidean setting this hypothesis will be studied along the following three axes 1 exploration is used for forcing uniqueness and stability of solutions to fokkerplanck and related mckeanvlasov equations and also to meanfield models of rational agents like meanfield control problems or meanfield games 2 exploration is used for the numerical analysis and the statistical learning of meanfield models featuring some optimisation criteria 3 exploration can be subject to a more irregular noise than a brownian motion in the spirit of rough path theory expected applications are in probability theory partial differential equations control and game theory optimisation mathematical modelling and numerical methods at the interface with machine learning
reprogramming of somatic cells into organoids patientcentred neurodevelopmental disease modelling from nascent induced pluripotency

understanding the neurodevelopmental causes and mechanisms of the brain disease is challenging due to the limited access to the human brain tissues the complexity of brain anatomy and the lack of accurate models to recapitulate human brain development the convergence between induced pluripotent stem cell and organoid technology enable to recapitulate key features of early human neurodevelopment disease in vitro however the low efficiency high cost and technical variability of generating induced pluripotent stem cells hipsc and organoids make an impossible challenge to design a powered study for associating patient genotype to organoids in vitro phenotypes i will generate technology to produce human brain organoids from a selected patient in a robust timely and seamless process and to capture so far undetected neurodevelopmental phenotypes this will be obtained by combining reprogramming to nascent states of pluripotency with neurodevelopmental morphogenesis in threedimension starting from a single nascent naive hipsc we will develop a process to form an epiblast cyst then neuroepithelial cyst and forebrain organoid in continuous threedimension process i will use this technology to investigate genetic and epigenetic modifications in the early phase of neural development of fragile x syndrome fxs we will generate brain organoids from large cohorts of fxs patients for i profiling the whole spectrum of in vitro phonotypes associated with the variety of patient genetic and epigenetic modifications ii revealing unexplored developmentally regulated mechanisms iii design a powered study to assess targeted therapeutic options in fxs reproids will allow the generation of human brain organoids from large cohorts of patients capturing in vitro the whole spectrum of disease manifestations this will have huge impact in patient clinical management at the diagnostic prognostic or therapeutic level
timebased single molecule nanolocalization for live cell imaging

despite the tremendous advances in single molecule localization microscopy mainly obtained on fixed cells a major step is highly needed to transform it into a genuine livecell nanoscopy allowing to understand biological processes in their full multiscale nature from the individual molecule to the cell to the multicellular tissues currently there is no solution to image with an acquisition speed compatible with the dynamics of living cells khz over a large volumes 10000 m3 with a significant indepth imaging capability 10 m without compromising the resolution 10 nm especially in the axial dimension i will demonstrate that these challenges can be met without tradeoff by proposing a disruptive approach which requires the entire illumination and detection strategies to be considered anewbuilding on my achievements in superresolution microscopy i propose a disruptive optical implementation where a fulltime coding approach allows to retrieve the space information not only meeting the needed acquisition rate but also bringing the richness of functional information spectral lifetimein a first conceptual breakthrough a new sweeping modulated illumination is introduced where each point along the direction of the modulation can be retrieved through a unique frequency without any ambiguity by applying this frequency tagging in all dimensions every single molecule event is described by a unique set of 3 frequencies this unicity triggers a second change of paradigm as emitters positions within a large field of view can now be retrieved in a camerafree setting fast acquisition can be performed by single monodetector but the power of this temporal approach will be decupled by the ultimate technical advances of new neuromorphic detectionsthis unique indepth information at the nanoscale will allow to finally decipher the structural and functional interplay in key biological mechanisms in living cells with unprecedented benefits
social injustice and workplace behavior how blacklivesmatter metoo and islamist terrorist attacks shape cooperation in organizations

in this project i explore the effect of diversityrelated societal events on workplace cooperation throughout the recent decade a number of largescale cultural and political events have continued to draw attention to threats like racism sexism and discrimination prominent examples of such events are the metoo movement the black lives matter movement or islamic terrorism in europe despite the prominence of these events in public discourse we dont know the consequences of this megathreats for the cooperation and interaction between coworkers in organizations in this project i deploy a novel interdisciplinary approach in which i combine insights from the emerging macro literature in sociology and management and their effect on organizations and the large existing micro literature in psychology on diverse work teams and behavioral strategy in order to develop and test novel hypotheses about how diversity related largescale events that occur in organizations larger social context affect the cooperation in diverse teams and the decisionmaking in organizations i will focus on four related research questions 1 how did the blacklivesmatter movement affect the cooperation between black and white coworkers 2 how did the metoo movement affect the cooperation between male and female coworkers 3 how did islamist terrorist attacks in europe affect the cooperation between islamic and nonislamic coworkers and 4how can managers and business leaders manage issues arising from megathreats in order to test my prediction i will collect a novel large scale database including information on diversity related megathreats from twitter and media reports and combine it with data on the cooperation in organizations the ambitious goal of this interdisciplinary project is to open a research stream which strives to develop an understanding on how macro societal events affect our micro behavior with other coworkers in organzations
innovative sediment management in the danube river basin

the danube river basin drb faces significant challenges associated with river sediments in the 2021 update of the danube river basin management plan sediment balance alteration emerged as a new subtopic within the existing significant water management issue titled hydromorphological alterations additionally sectors like industry urban sewage and agriculture call for sediment quality evaluations throughout the drb however the absence of standard sediment monitoring limits our understanding of risksaddressing the sediment mismanagement in the drb the inno sed project aims to establish the danube sediment lighthouse knowledge centre this centre willintroduce a set of innovative methods for monitoring and modelling sediment quantity and quality thereby deepening our knowledge of sediment processesprovide innovative sediment management practices to improve sediment continuity and quality in drb sections facing with sedimentrelated issuesshowcase cocreated innovative measures through demonstration activities while also evaluating their socioeconomic and environmental aspectsempower the public with innovative knowledge transfer methodologiescollaborate with five associated regions transferring the inno sed solutions to other river basinsto accomplish these goals inno sed will leverage the achievements and key contributors of the danubesediment and simona initiatives moreover it will engage relevant stakeholders of sediment management such as icpdr policy makers river managers hydropower plant managers waterway authorities national parks environmental agencies smes and moreinno sed will represent a pioneering approach to sediment management in large international river basins this approach sets an example for other major global river systems like the amazon mekong or niger in doing so it aligns with the missions objective of intensifying the european unions competitiveness
building a protein sequence library using nanopores

nanopore is a breakthrough genomic sequencing tool with long read length high accuracy and high throughput in reading dna however it is the proteome that ultimately determines the cells phenotype and tremendous efforts have been made to develop sequencing techniques for reading proteins in the past decade first breakthroughs have been appearing for sequencing short peptides at the singlemolecule level current strategies are however still far from sequencing fulllength native proteins due to the low synthesis efficiencies in protein handling and the limited scanning length can only read short peptides with 25 amino acids here i will first develop a novel method to synthesize a large variety of proteins that are connected to dna with their own codon sequences using just a few reactions with a puromycin linker labeled to a mrna and followed by in vitro translation reverse transcription and rnase cleavage furthermore i propose a singlemolecule protein nanopore engineering strategy that significantly extends the mspa nanopore lumen length to push the limit for protein reading length with the proven abilities of a hel308 dna helicase the engineered nanopore can read the entire dna codons first followed by the read of 100 amino acids of the protein upon recording large data sets i will build a protein signal library with the related codon information for the training of a machine learning model which serves as a tool for de novo protein sequencing this work has great potential to push the limits of sequencing technology to reading the whole proteome
reconfigurable superconducting and photonic technologies of the future

computing with light using integrated optics has seen huge progress over the last 34 years in multiple fields such as neuromorphic computing quantum computing and onchip data storage this has created a vast ecosystem that relies on highspeed reconfigurations of nanophotonic circuits such as their use as synapses or routing applications and ultrafast yet highresolution lowpower photodetection currently it is impossible to combine all these functionalities into an integrated platform that fits onto a single chip in respite by utilizing our newly invented superconducting joule switches as neurons multilevel phase change memory elements as synaptic weights and superconducting singlephoton detector arrays as retina we will demonstrate a novel platform which combines vision and cognition on a single chip this new platform will allow insensor neuromorphic computing with unprecedented performance levels the platform will have attojoule switching power consumption subnanosecond latency and high compactness 3000 neurons and 100k synapses on 5 mm2 unlike other superconducting neuromorphic technologies our new platform will be scalable easy to fabricate and compatible with lowcost cryostats hightc superconductors quantum applications and onchip learning architectures making it a game changer for a wide range of users and disciplines
spiking control systems an algorithmic theory for control design of physical eventbased systems

machines compute with bits and clocks animals compute with spikes and rhythms the promise of neuromorphic engineering is that we could transform digital technology by imitating the spiking nature of animal computation combining analog adaptation and digital reliability thirty years after carver meads initial proposal event cameras have become a technology and neuromorphic computing has become an intense focus both in academia and in industry yet we still lack a proper theory of eventbased computation and eventbased design and the very nature of computing with rhythms instead of clocks is still poorly understoodwe propose that the spike is a consequence of analog computing with mixed that is positive and negative feedback we will develop a control theory of spiking systems by leveraging the control theory of negative feedback systems to a theory of mixedfeedback systems the mathematical concept of monotonicity provides a modern and unifying foundation for control theory convex optimisation and circuit design our spiking control theory is grounded in mixedmonotonicity it is algorithmic because it leverages the methodology of convex optimisation and it is physical because it leverages the methodology of circuit theory a central objective of the proposed research is a novel eventbased internal model principle of significance both for control theory and neuroscience we will investigate the unique features of eventbased online adaptation and suggest the complementary roles of inhibition and excitation in novel spiking control architectures whose learning and adaptation capabilities can be dynamically modulatedultimately this proposal aims at novel design principles for physical devices that could surpass the learning and adaptation capabilities of current digital machines advancing the promise of neuromorphic engineering
comprehensive cartography of the circumgalactic medium using absorption and emission lines in 3d datasets

galaxies form grow and evolve by exchanging gas with their environment information about gas flows in and out of galaxies is encoded in their circumgalactic medium cgm studying the cgm is therefore crucial to understand galaxy formation and evolution however the detection of the cgm is challenging because of its low density historically the cgm has been detected using absorption lines techniques providing only local information about the gas distribution and limited to rare cases where a bright source is in the background until very recently the 2d mapping of the cgm was only possible for rare and massive nearby galaxies or required the use of often criticized stacking methods the arrival of 3d spectrographs have revolutionized the study of the cgm by enabling the detection of low surface brightness diffuse gas by leveraging the exquisite muse deep fields data the c3ubes project aims at providing a comprehensive 3dmapping of the cgm for an unprecedented statistical sample of distant galaxies by exploiting the complementarity between absorption and emission line studies in the muse deep cubes as well as the magnification power of gravitational lensing my project will shed light on the cgm gas content its morphology and the gas kinematics around galaxies connecting the cgm to the host galaxy properties will help us understand how the cgm regulates galaxy growth the unprecedented c3ubes sample will allow me to statistically study the evolution of this relationship over almost half the history of the universe the excellence of the research environment at cral host institute and the expertise of my supervisor will give me the best opportunities to enhance and expand my career possibilities finally coming back to europe and increasing my national and european visibility thanks to the msca fellowship appear like the next logical steps to pursue my career