Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
nature based solutions for soil management

nbsoil nature based solutions for soil management is a fouryear project coordinated by the institute of soil science and plant cultivation pl its overall objective is to design an attractive blended learning programme to enable soil advisors to implement a holistic vision of soil health through nature based solutions nbs and collaborate effectively across different temporal and spatial scalesnbsoil will focus on 6 multifunctional nbs categories to develop a holistic approach to land management and soil health fully in line with the iucn global standard for nbs iucn 2020 organic fertilisers from locally available biowastes cover crops paludiculture forest diversification bioremediation and blue green infrastructure in urban and periurban areas nbsoil builds on previous research results and available open source technology to deliver the following nbsoil thematic packs knowledge base academy soil health assessment monitoring and mapping resources policy navigator and marketplace approximately 300 participants from 8 countries pl at ch uk fr nl it es are expected to complete the full 2 years training offered in 6 languages english polish german dutch french italian spanish the 2 years training programme will provide an immersive interactive flexible learning experience through an introductory massive open online course mooc followed by four advanced modules on 1 soil and nbs 2 living labs facilitation 3 digital tools for soil health monitoring and 4improving soil related decision making in business and policy and a final project the nbsoil consortium will deliver impact and contribute decisively to achieve the soil health mission by mainstreaming nbs knowledge and advice for soil management providing soil health living labs facilitators making soil monitoring and mapping tech user friendly and inclusive and embedding soil care across all land management and land related decision making processes
smart automated and reliable security service platform for 6g

there is a strong upcoming need for communication and beyond technology on the 2030 horizon with the transformations having been set in motion by 5g and increasing expectations in society accelerated by advancements in enabling technology and moving toward new services and use cases to address the demanding and diverse needs of the anticipated use cases 6g networks must be highly programmable exceedingly adaptable and efficient nevertheless the additional level of efficiency programmability and flexibility will come at the expense of increasing complexity in managing and operating 6g networks to bring this complexity under control a paradigm shift toward complete automation of network and service management is required however a significant obstacle to full automation is the protection of the network services infrastructure and data against possible cybersecurity risks introduced by the unheardof expansion of the 6g threat landscape robust6g aims to address these cybersecurity risks by 1 providing fundamental contributions to the development of datadriven aimlbased security solutions to meet the new concerns posed by the dynamic nature of the future cyberphysical continuum 2 implementing fully autonomous zerotouch security management functionalities 3 exposing security functionalities to verticals and providing necessary data management 4 protecting aiml systems from security attacks and ensuring privacy of individuals whose data is used in the aidriven systems 5 providing secure privacypreserving and robust distributed intelligence with transparency enhancements by elaborating the explainability in aiml 6 achieving energy efficient 6g network design with green and sustainable ai methodologies 7 leveraging different sources of information ranging from sensing positioning to authentication and advanced aiml methodologies for detection and mitigation of physical layer attacks and threats
frugal zeroemission vehicles for the urban passenger challenge

while fully electric vehicles ev have zero tailpipe emissions and are seen as a key solution to meeting the european fitfor55 target of reducing co2 levels in 2030 and climateneutrality by 2050 much more can be potentially achieved if the global market uptake of innovative evs is accelerated the zevup project aims to address this urgent need by developing modular costeffective and usercentric evs for both passenger and goods transportation leveraging innovative design and engineering techniques zevup vehicles will be tailored to meet the specific needs of users in both developed and emerging markets ensuring high levels of user acceptance and market uptake key innovations include a base l7e bev model that is designed respectful of affordability and can be upgraded and adapted for various purposes and needs including commercial applications and highervalue passenger vehicles by optimizing vehicle components for reduced material usage and enhanced structural properties the project will achieve lighter vehicles with increased autonomy and minimized environmental impact zevup will also develop digitaltwin models to improve vehicle development efficiency and reduce validation costs as well as designing charging capabilities compatible with a variety of regional power systems novel business and usage models such as battery as a service will be explored to maximize the benefits and impact of the l7e bev platform usercentric design informed by market research and field interviews in both established and developing countries will be a central focus of the project additionally zevup will develop a proliferation model to assess policy intervention scenarios and strategize for short and longterm bev uptake in various markets by delivering these key results and adhering to its objectives zevup will accelerate the transition to sustainable urban mobility and contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector
minimally invasive suturing for vascular bore closure and heart defect repair

cardiovascular diseases cvds remain a major health problem worldwide and a leading cause of mortality with over annual 18 million deaths in europe cvds are associated with 4 million deaths and costs of around 210 billion per yearmany surgeries to treat cardiac conditions are shifting to be minimally invasive and this is a trend expected to continue growing due to its multiple advantages over open interventions however as newly developed devices for transcatheter procedures become bigger they also require larger vascular access sites a couple of devices are used in vascular largebore closure eg proglide from abbott however they are associated with still high vascular and bleeding complications up to 20 depending on the operators skills such complications are linked to longer hospitalizations unnecessary suffering and greater healthcare costs 20k per patient as well as higher morbidity and mortalityto solve this persistent unmet need in the field of cardiovascular surgery novelrad has specifically developed the nvcd closure device it integrates a proprietary and revolutionary microsuturing technology that mimics the standard surgical technique effectively delivering a multipoint continuous suture in a minimally invasive manner the nvcd is easy to use and enables a safer closure of large bores potentially reducing complication rates to 3 saving up to 15 min in the procedure and bringing important cost savings related to sameday discharge and complications management importantly with a single nvcd device large and extralarge bore closure of veins and arteries is possible up to 30frafter obtaining a fully functional prototype of the nvcd and advancing in preclinical tests we now aim to perform a firstinhuman fih study and complete the clinical trial required to obtain its ce certification as a class iii medical device this will be crucial to prepare for industrialization and commercial deployment in europe and globally
icse science factory

the icse science factory supports the eus endeavor to combat a shortfall of scientists and citizens versed in science it does so by offering a unique combination of different measures each of them tackling the issue from a different starting point thereby leveraging impact the unique features of the icse science factory are in a nutshell new highcapacity crosssectoral partnerships in five partner countries consisting of science researchers science education researchers and nonformal education providers supported by attached schools enterprises and community institutions innovative concept to enlarge the number of scientists and scientific knowledge in the communities 1to strengthen the partnerships we organise local partnership conventions where we share and apply research findings and local public fairs to integrate communities in the scientific learning process 2with the expertise of the local crosssectoral partnership in each country we offer collaborative and interdisciplinary lighthouse activities and open schooling activities for community members on health digitalisation green deal supported by mentoring 3 all activities are complemented by a series of interactive career talks focussing especially but not only on female role models in science and on overcoming stereotypes an educational researchbacked concept for our lighthouse and open schooling activities which deliberately includes reallife problemsolving on issues relevant to society including decisionmaking and the concept of challengedriven innovation which integrates communities in overcoming challenges the activities are supplemented by special features the setting up of stimulating science labs in each country a threefold system for encouraging mentoring across the partnership and a systematic approach to quality assurance by using design research which strives for solutions tailored to local communities based on a joint european concept
spatial evaluation and quantification of soil multifunctionality potential and actual state across europe

soils sustain a multitude of functions contributing to the provision of ecosystem services to human society the quantification of these functions is a key prerequisite to develop sound policy intervention for their protection and enhancement as well as to recommend adequate soil management practices to land users in the european union eu however there is currently limited knowledge of how the supply of soil functions and their interactions differ spatially with land use type soil characteristics climate and management seqosoil will make the first spatially explicit and quantitative evaluation of soil multifunctionality across the countries of the eu it will explore the current state of soil multifunctionality but also the potential that is the maximum that a soil can offer based on inherent soil indicators not affected by management practices this project proposes an ambitious and comprehensive work plan divided in four innovation objectives i quantify soil functions of importance ii their potential and state iii identify synergies and tradeoffs between them and iv map this information across the eu the functions quantified will be primary productivity water purification and regulation carbon storage and climate regulation nutrient cycling and provision of habitat for biodiversitypublicly available datasets on soil climate and management will be analysed through a combination of wellestablish statistical methods and innovative elements in an interdisciplinary approach the expected results have the capacity to significantly increase our understanding of how the function delivery varies spatially in the eu and which functions to prioritize on different soil and land use types to optimize multifunctionality towards a desired state seqosoil is timely because it will directly contribute to the implementation of eu environmental policies and management actions such as the green deal for europe and the eu biodiversity strategy 2030
discovery of counter defense strategies of bacteriophages against bacterial immunity

tight coevolutionary interactions of bacteria and their viruses termed bacteriophages or phages lead to continuous selection towards adaptation of the host and counteradaptations of the parasite studying this evolutionary arms race resulted in discovering multiple sophisticated defense mechanisms of bacteria such as crisprcas and restrictionmodification systems however the diversity and mechanisms of action of counterdefense strategies of phages remain largely unknown in this proposal i will address this problemthe pangenome of the phages is proposed to encode for proteins with counterdefense function i will test this hypothesis using the largest fully genome sequenced virushost interaction network to date treasured in the host lab i will combine comparative population genomics with computational biology classical molecular genetics transcriptomics and proteomics this approach will allow me to address my research objectives 1 to identify counterdefense proteins of the phages 2 validate the counterdefense properties and 3 determine at which stage of phage infection the counterdefense occursthis research will allow me to elucidate the diversity of previously unknown counter defense strategies of phages and expand our knowledge of their mechanism of action importantly my approach shifts the paradigm of studying bacterial defense systems and the escape mechanism of phages and will open up many novel avenues in bacterial immunity and microbial population genomics implementation of the proposed project will enhance my proficiency by improving and diversifying my experimental and computational science skills and boosting my transferable skills such as scientific communication and writing project management and networking this altogether will improve my competitiveness and potential on the way to an independent career thus the proposal corresponds well with the aims of the work programme
monopsony power and inequality

what is the role played by monopsony monopoly power in the demand for labor in widening earning inequalities recent studies documented the pervasiveness of monopsony power in modern labor markets monopsonistic employers can cut wages without losing workers to competitors pay labor below its productivity and hire fewer workers than in a competitive labor market the equilibrium is inefficient as the surplus given by market power is lower than the surplus extracted from workers who are also exposed to excessive work injury risk monopsony contributes to explain declining labor shares of income persistently high levels of workplace accidents and limited disemployment effects of minimum wages much less is known about the role of monopsony in increasing earning inequality this project aims at filling this gap by i contributing to a better understanding of the sources of monopsony power and ii assessing their relevance across different socioeconomic groupsmonopsony power can be due to anticompetitive arrangements introduced often in a nontransparent way in labor contractsanother source of monopsony power is lack of information on alternative job opportunities frictions in the matching of workers and vacancies may discourage risk averse workers when planning to quit the firm after wage cuts spatial mismatch in the allocation of jobs and quitters may increase monopsony power visvis workers having a stronger distaste for commuting some groups of workers may also have stronger cognitive biases when interpreting available information on outside opportunities the three parts of the project will i assess the incidence of anticompetitive arrangements in europe ii estimate firmlevel labor supply elasticities across different categories of workers and iii using survey and experimental methods evaluate to what extent the heterogeneity among socioeconomic groups of willingness to quit a lowpaid job is related to lack of information or cognitive biases
regularized densityfunctional analysis

the kohnsham approach of densityfunctional theory dft is the most widely used method in quantum chemistry and its usefulness as a practical tool can hardly be overestimated the central object is the universal density functional however this density functional is nondifferentiable leaving many practical aspects of the theory unfounded nevertheless extensive work has been done establishing exact conditions for the density functional constituting one of the cornerstones of functional development the aim of the proposal is to apply a generalization of the moreauyosida regularization to dft this achieves not only differentiability but also mitigates the problem of potentialrepresentability and provides global solutions of the underlying variational problem this unconventional approach may have transformative impact on the development of approximate functionals as well as the iterative kohnsham schemethe first objective is to establish the mathematical foundation of a regularized dft akin to the unregularized setting of standard dft close interplay between different theories that use more than just the particle density as variables will be a guide for the regularized theoryequipped with a regularized formulation the aim of the second objective is to develop new and understand existing exact constraints for the density functional this intends to open up a whole new axis of method development for approximate functionals since the regularization transformation considered is lossless regal opens up for a new theoretical bridge between formal dft and densityfunctional approximationsthe third objective is the study of the regularized kohnsham iteration scheme here a proof of guaranteed convergence is the ultimate aim furthermore regularization effects to speed up convergence using bounds on the energy curvature will be studiedthe feasibility is increased by the pis strong background in both applied mathematics and quantum chemistry
photoinduced ultrafast carriers and thermal effects within metasurfaces for lightdriven catalysis

chemical transformations involve formation and breaking of bonds in molecules and their rate is determined by the reaction pathway for converting reactants to products the use of photoexcited plasmonic nanostructures to alter such pathways hence improving the reaction economics has recently emerged as a transformative solution to the extreme energy demands of traditional catalysis strong photothermal nanoheating and highenergy charge carriers can be optically induced in metal nanoparticles creating a local environment where reactions occur at temperatures far below those of common catalysts and lowered energy barriers most plasmonic photocatalysts operate however in the steady state which intrinsically restricts rates and photon usage as the inherent dynamics of chemical bonds catalyst surface and lightmatter interactions remain untapped this project aims at introducing new theoretical approaches breaking the steadystate paradigm to drive reactions along thermal and nonthermal pathways with ultrashort pulses a comprehensive numerical model will be developed to rationalise the dynamics at play and design metasurfaces ordered nanostructure arrays working as photocatalysts in the ultrafast regime pulsed femto to nanosecond light will be used to induce transient localised heating and to enhance the photogeneration of hot carriers on timescales relevant to the chemical kinetics the two effects will contribute to promote reactions with increased energy efficiencies the intrinsic thermal nonlinearities of chemical processes will be leveraged to achieve rates out of reach in steady state the dynamics of highenergy carriers will be tailored to unlock nonthermal channels with selectivity otherwise unattainable the envisaged predictive timeresolved models will guide experimental efforts and provide datacomparable results to demonstrate new concepts for enhancing photocatalysis via ultrafast nanophotonics opening routes in lightdriven
group 1 and group 2 metalmetal bonds tailored reduction reagents in synthesis and catalysis

the increasing demand for environmentally friendly reagents to perform sustainable processes has become of paramount relevance for modern academia and industry transition metalbased catalysts are longestablished players in many important chemical transformations given their ability to cleave and form chemical bonds with facile oxidation state changes their high cost andor toxicity however have prompted the search for potential replacements the past decades brought fascinating discoveries of maingroupbased species exhibiting lowoxidation states andor metalmetal bonds with excellent and tunable reducing properties nonetheless despite formidable efforts invested in broadening the scope existing examples are restricted to mgcontaining molecules while other sblock metalmetal bonds remain unaccomplished memebonds will address this challenge by engineering novel sustainable reductants based on hitherto unknown sblock bonds stabilized by tunable electronic interactions this breakthrough will be possible by combining the steric shielding provided by commonly used ligands with the introduction of a acceptor functionality to tame the inherent reactivity of formed radical intermediates this innovative metalligand interaction will allow for the precise incorporation of one or two extra electrons resulting in a unique electronic structure which under suitable conditions will afford the new sblock metalmetal bonds tandem experimental and computational methods will enable a fundamental understanding of the electronic structures and their interplay with the nature of the substituents the properties and reactivity of these novel bonds will be thereby tuned opening the door for application in small molecules activation and as electronically versatile catalysts the output of this project will enrich the synthetic chemistry toolbox and pave the way for more environmentally friendly chemical processes
decoding the multifacets of cellular identity from singlecell data

advances in technologies that measure gene expression at singlecell resolution have revolutionized our understanding of the heterogeneity structure and dynamics of tissues and whole organisms in health and disease yet in most singlecell experiments tissue structure temporal trajectories and their underlying mechanisms are lost or not directly accessible despite experimental advances major gaps remain in understanding how tissues orchestrate multicellular functions in recent years we and others focused on computationally recovering single facets of singlecell data such as tissue structure or differentiation trajectories however each cell encodes multiple layers of information about its type location and various biological processes disentangling these signals from largescale highdimensional singlecell data is a major challenge building on my expertise in network reconstruction probabilistic spatial inference and spectral analysis of singlecell data i will take a unique approach to this challenge by developing computational methodologies combining machine learning and dynamical systems approaches to 1 tease apart multiple cellular facets encoded in singlecell data 2 infer interactions between these facets and mechanisms shaping spatiotemporal expression across them 3 derive generative models to sample and predict unobserved cell states and design optimal perturbations providing an interpretable platform to study conditions leading to a physiological disruption and therapies aimed at reversing it my research program will tackle the core challenge in the singlecell era transforming this exponentially growing complex data into insight and principles for the underlying biology of multicellular systems it will advance our understanding and control of collective tissue behavior and uncover the multiple facets of cellular identity in health and disease and thus expected to be valuable for both basic and translational research