Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
optimising a high efficacy plasmodium vivax malaria vaccine

plasmodium vivax is the most widespread human malaria with 25 billion people living at risk in south america oceania and asia the revised malaria vaccine technology roadmap to 2030 recognises the severity of p vivax malaria calling for a vaccine intervention to achieve 75 efficacy over two years now equally weighted with p falciparum however if this ambition is to be realised new and innovative approaches are urgently required to accelerate nextgeneration vaccine research and development whilst the few known candidate antigens need to undergo earlyphase clinical assessmenthere we build on exciting breakthroughs in p vivax vaccine research recently pioneered in europe including new transgenic parasite technologies for functional assay development and production of a parasite clone that is safe for use in controlled human malaria infection chmi clinical models the objectives of optivivax will now integrate ambitious multidisciplinary scientific and clinical approaches around the parasites lifecycle and will use our increased knowledge of p vivax immunobiology to further develop nextgeneration vaccines with improved efficacy we will diversify the portfolio of new antigens ready for clinical testing by reverse vaccinology and diversify their delivery with new platforms and adjuvants developed using sustainable and improved gmp biomanufacturing knowhow in parallel the efficacy of known leading antigens will be benchmarked for the first time using innovative design of clinical studies and chmi models making these lead candidate vaccines ready for future field trials improved preclinical functional assays using stateoftheart transgenic parasite lines will also allow for mechanisms of antibodymediated protection to be deciphered the availability of new functional assays and human challenge models will underpin the future framework for informed decision making by the clinical vaccine community policy makers funders and regulators
responsible time and tech in an accelerated digitised world

the rosetta programme proposes a transformative agenda to examining the impact of technology in an increasingly accelerated high pressured world rosetta will provide 19 recruited fellows with the highest quality research environment and a training programme that ensures their ability to provide leadership in the sectors relevant to design evaluation and regulation of technology from a time perspective rosetta will be coordinated by the university of galway ireland main beneficiary through lero science foundation ireland research centre for software and involves 4 other irish universities university college cork university of limerick university college dublin trinity college dublin fellows will complete a compulsory secondment at one of 20 associated partners fellows will be recruited from the fields of computer science medicine biomedical engineering education psychology software engineering information systems humancomputer interaction and business management fellows will choose their own research topic within one or more the rosetta themes adding to the truly interdisciplinary nature of the programme rosetta will incorporate international mobility intersectoral exposure and interdisciplinarity fellows will receive training on the latest emerging time theories methods and equipment through five summerwinter schools fellows will be provided with a comprehensive set of courses to improve their transferrable skills to diversify their employment options fellows will have access to lero supports such as workshops and seminars industry collaboration public engagement and communications fellows will be uniquely positioned to design and evaluate technology and policies and legislation on technology use with new expertise and perspectives on how technology affects our time the total budget required to deliver rosetta is 35m we request 18m from the european commission to be matched by 17m from lero and the main beneficiary
using firstprinciple modeling to study multipolar mitotic spindles in cancerous cells

targeted research initiative for pole organization leveraging experiment and simulation tripoles the mitotic spindle is responsible for segregating chromosomes into two identical sets prior to cell division errors in the process can result in daughter cells having an incorrect number of chromosomes a disorder referred to as aneuploidy cells with multipolar spindles an aberrant spindle architecture marked by three or more spindle pole bodies rather than the typical two are particularly susceptible to making the mistakes that lead to aneuploidy however relatively little is known about the mechanisms involved in multipolar mitotic spindles or how cells regulate them in this proposal we will develop a new theoretical framework that models multipolar mitotic spindles with an unprecedented level of detail the model will incorporate multiple centrosomes with microtubules emanating from them explicit chromosome pairs with a severable link and different species of motor and crosslinking proteins to generate forces we will first use the model to recreate healthy bipolar spindles then expand it to investigate tripolar spindle dynamics and how cells regulate excess centrosomes our model will use firstprinciple mechanisms which will allow us to make predictions that can be tested in experiment by our collaborators by using theory to motivate specific followup experiments in this way we can uncover novel mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitotic spindles that would otherwise go unnoticed beyond three main research objectives this proposal also includes measures for a twoway transfer of knowledge effective communication and dissemination of results and overall management of the project the work done in this proposal has the potential to not only illuminate how cancer cells regulate their aberrant spindle geometries but also provide fundamental insight into how healthy bipolar spindles transition into unhealthy architectures
the role of silica in the dawn of life on our planet

all information humankind has of the ancient past of our planet comes from analyzing the geological record encoded in rocks there is however no rock record of the first 600 million years of earths history unlocking the secrets of this earliest period the hadean is a fundamental task for science as it is key to understanding how the planet became habitable when the first forms of metabolism and selfreplication developed and life appeared the lack of a geological record has led scientists to use computational modeling to make inferences about the conditions in early earths environments less common are laboratory experiments specifically targeted to simulating hadean conditions based on ubiquitous carbonaceous chert deposits in the oldest rock record it is widely accepted that many early archean aquatic settings were reducing and rich in silica and some basic carbonbased molecules we reason that such aquatic conditions were already established during the early hadean and inevitably led to the existence of a largescale factory of simple and complex organic compounds many of them relevant to prebiotic chemistry and to the route to biomimetic hybrid microstructures able to selforganize and catalyze prebiotic reactions relevant to the origin of life our project is aimed at understanding the crucial role of silica in directing the geochemical and protobiological processes creating habitats for early life and preserving early biomass on earths surface during the first billion years of its history protos will use an array of laboratory experiments the hadean simulator to systematically study abinitio reactions of water and gases with the earliest rock types in order to determine compositions of aquatic habitats and subsequent silica precipitation mechanisms organic synthesis processes on silicairon surfaces and the preservation of the first remnants of life protos will change our view of the infancy of the planet
spin systems with discrete and continuous symmetry topological defects bayesian statistics quenched disorder and random fields

the main goal of this project is to understand the geometry of the deeply influential topological phase transitions which were discovered in the 70s by berezinskii kosterlitz and thouless the archetypal example of such phase transitions arises in the 2d xy model in which topological defects called vortices behave very differently at small and high temperature the mathematical understanding of this rich phenomenon goes back to the work of frohlich and spencer in the 80s and involves the 2d coulomb gas this project is aimed at analyzing this phase transition through the prism of random fractal geometry by associating natural percolating sets to the xy model whose behavior will depend crucially on the temperature one constant source of inspiration will be the deep geometric content and powerful probabilistic methods gathered over the last 20 years for celebrated discrete symmetry models such as 2d critical ising or percolation new tools will be brought in among which the recent works of the pi with sepulveda which analyze the 2d coulomb gas and make connections with bayesian statisticssince the early days of topological phase transitions topological defects have been found to arise also in some discrete symmetry spin systems as well as in abelian lattice gauge theory in 4d this project will explore the geometry of these by making several novel and fruitful connections with the dimer and ising modelsthe new connections made with statistical reconstruction and bayesian statistics will give access to the even more fascinating and least understood world of spin systems with nonabelian gaugesymmetry finally we shall investigate the mechanisms which relate the microscopic background noise with the large scale structures it induces in the contexts of quantum field theory and kpz fixed point the impact of this project will go well beyond the current understanding of topological phase transitions in a wide variety of settings where they arise
dissecting the molecular basis of immunological memory in human t cells

t lymphocytes are essential for immunity to pathogens and malignancies activated t cells can retain a memory imprint of their adversary eg a virus enabling them to respond more rapidly and vigorously to any subsequent encounters while memory t cell formation is critical for successful vaccination and antitumor immunity dysfunctional memory t cells are a common feature of human disease including allergy autoimmunity and cancer t cell activation emerges from changes in gene expression dictated by intricate chromatin dynamics recently 3d chromatin folding emerged as a key regulator of transcriptional control by ensuring correct communication between regulatory elements and their target genes how memory t cells leverage threedimensionally organized chromatin configurations to achieve rapid reactivation of specific inflammatory genes is unclear hence the molecular mechanisms that control and maintain immunological memory remain poorly understood to address this issue i propose an innovative molecular strategy to dissect immunological memory in primary human cd4 t cells that combines cuttingedge genomewide analyses of gene expression chromatin state and threedimensional 3d genome folding with crisprcas9based functional assays this approach will generate the first integrated multidimensional epigenome atlas of a human t cell memory recall response yielding molecular circuits of genes regulatory elements and biological pathways underlying human immunological memory multimodal single cell genomics assays will reveal the nature of transcriptomeepigenome crosstalk in individual t cells and the heterogeneity of memory recall these insights will force a breakthrough in our understanding of how human immune cells maintain specific transcriptional programs for launching rapid and tailored responses upon reactivation and how this feeds into susceptibility to develop disease
efficient synthesis of highperformance millimeterwave metasurfaces

fifth generation 5g wireless networks have been introduced to enable significantly higher data rates and lower latency sixth generation 6g wireless networks are also envisaged for even higher speed and capacity in the context of 5g and 6g communications the operation of wireless networks is shifted toward higher frequencies as are millimeterwave mmwave frequencies metasurfaces present an appealing technological solution to realize low cost functional components of simple fabrication especially in mmwave frequencies where component dimensions greatly decrease metasurfaces are the twodimensional planar extension of the wellestablished electromagnetic metamaterials and are capable of controlling and efficiently guiding propagating waves by engineering the properties of individual subwavelength resonators although the most appealing properties of metasurfaces arise in nonuniform configurations the analysis and synthesis of such nonuniform metasurfaces is extremely challenging especially as the size and complexity increase fullwave analysis of the entire structure though highly accurate it requires high computational resources and is extremely timeconsuming in some cases it may even be inapplicable due to the increased computational demand millisurf aims at developing a computationallyefficient and robust semianalytical framework to facilitate the analysis and synthesis of highperformance metasurfaces suitable for mmwave communications combined with novel and highlyaccurate fabrication techniques millisurf will contribute to the field of wireless communications by advancing the existing technological solutions the proposed research will be carried out at the electrical and computer engineering departments of duke university united states and aristotle university of thessaloniki greece
systemic effects of crises on policymaking in modern democracies

crispol analyzes the systemic impact of crises on democratic policymaking the fact that crises have turned into ordinary rather than exceptional phenomena in modern democracies may not only erode trust in government crises also spawn additional crises because crisis responses absorb governmental attention problems in policy areas not affected by crises might be neglected this can in turn lead to the escalation of neglected issues into fullblown crises thus increasing the burden on governments to manage an evergrowing number of crises crises might thus trigger a vicious cycle that undermines democratic legitimacy it is the central objective of crispol to study systemic tradeoffs in policy change across sectors resulting from crisis events both theoretically and empirically1 crispol maps crises across policy areas countries and over time it provides an encompassing longterm mapping of crisis events across different policy sectors and countries the project captures all crisis events across six policy areas for 23 oecd countries over a period of 50 years 2 crispol analyzes crosssectoral tradeoffs in crisisinduced dynamics of policy change can we observe crowdingout effects with radical departures of the status quo in crisisproximate areas coming at the expense of policy inertia in more crisisremote ones 3 crispol analyzes crosstemporal tradeoffs in change dynamics are neglected policy sectors catching up when the crisis is over ie is policy inertia during crisis times offset by more dynamic change in postcrisisperiods or do crises have enduring consequences for change dynamics in crisisremote sectors 4 crispol investigates whether crosssectoral and crosstemporal tradeoffs vary across countries do certain countries possess a greater capacity to handle crises while simultaneously addressing other policy areas and which factors contribute to this ability
motivations experiences and consequences of returns and readmissions policy revealing and developing effective alternatives

in recent years the returns and readmissions policy has become the preferred solution for the eu and its member states to address migrants living in situations of irregularity yet different actors have raised concerns over the lack of effectiveness of the policy violations of migrants fundamental rights associated with its implementation and the dependency on third countries for its application in the first phase of the project more will provide an exhaustive analysis of the development of the policy and its supporting evidence to understand why it has become a preferred solution and why it has been understood to be ineffective in parallel the project will examine the development rationale objectives supporting evidence and implementation for 6 alternative policies that are or have been implemented in eu member states and the uk the project will look at when and why these are or were implemented and why they have not become the main response to situations of administrative irregularity among migrants in the eu
biopolitics sovereignty and political conflict

this project is a philosophical attempt to address the question of political conflict at this time what seems to matter most in the escalation of conflicts around issues like gender minorities and the covid19 pandemic is the biological life of individuals and populations this is problematic for the reason that politics is structurally ambivalent about natural life it is productive and affirmative on the one hand and on the other it is lethal and negative there is a wide agreement that this ambivalent relation of politics to life stems from how biopolitical power intersects with sovereign power the power over life with the sovereign right of death while studies in biopolitics often take this enigmatic nexus as the point of reference for further considerations and subsequently emphasise the imminence of the problems with violence and pacification this project aims to go further than that by drawing upon jeanluc nancys idea of technology as the condition of biopolitics to deconstruct and recast affirmatively the knot of biopolitical power and sovereign power this rearticulation i argue provides a novel angle from which to review the conceptions of resistance and to consider the grounds of political conflict to show the affirmative value of political conflicts i apply my developed concepts to examine populist polarization and neoliberal pacification that beset biopolitical liberal democracies today the 24 months or outgoing phase of this project will be carried out at deakin university under the supervision of prof vanessa lemm i will return to the university of jyvaskyla for 12 months under the supervision of prof mika ojakangas
celtic language and identity in northern italy and the alpine region

the research project cliniar celtic language and identity in northern italy and the alpine region investigates the linguistic and sociolinguistic landscape of celtic northern italy and the alpine region in the iron age the project will be conducted at maynooth university mu ireland under the supervision of the leading authority in celtic linguistics professor david stifter with secondment to universit bordeaux montaigne ubm france under the supervision of dr coline ruiz darasse to receive training in gaulish epigraphy and historical sociolinguistics short visits to repositories in italy will be made for data collection through close linguistic analysis of the cisalpine celtic corpus of inscriptions and the subsequent integration of the data into their archaeological and historical context the project will result in a better understanding of the earliest attested celtic languages in their historical and social dimensions and offer new methodologies to scholars and professionals working in celtic studies fragmentary languages ancient history and digital humanities
extending the scope of reduced density matrix functional theory for bosons

the onebody reduced density matrix plays a fundamental role in describing and predicting general quantum features of bosonic systems such as boseeinstein condensation bec or mode entanglement the recently proposed reduced density matrix functional theory for bosonic ground states establishes the existence of a universal functional that recovers quantum correlations exactly so far this novel theoretical framework has been used to study the universal properties of homogeneous becs to prove the existence of the socalled boseeinstein repulsive force which explains quantum depletion in a geometrical fashion or to efficiently compute well known groundstate properties of translationinvariant homogeneous bosonic systems our main purpose in this project is to extend the scope of this reduced density matrix functional theory to systems with broken symmetries heterogeneous mixtures of bosonic systems dipolar gases and bosonic systems at finite temperatures our methodology combines analytical approaches and machine learning implementations in which we have already gained strong expertise we believe that the achievement of these objectives will offer a range of fascinating possibilities just to mention a few any trap potential could be considered and linear response coefficients become easily accessible furthermore in analogy to manybody localization for electrons the influence of disorder and interparticle interactions on becs can be studied in a more direct manner universal properties of dipolar gases and bosonic mixtures in the relevant regimes of supersolidity and droplets can potentially be unveiled
widows in the growing print industry c 15501700

the advent of the printing press spurred crucial intellectual economic and social developments in early modern europe widows of master printers could also have played a key role in this especially in the holy roman empire as it was then home to one of the fastestgrowing print industries with a conspicuously high number of women printers yet the exact nature of the industrys growth and womens contribution to it is extremely difficult to reconstruct as a key variable the print runs of editions has remained elusivewidowsprint will break significantly new ground by addressing this deficiency based on a large array of different archival sources the project will record systematically all known print runs to create a diverse and representative dataset for early modern germany thus we can establish which factors determined the size of an edition survey the total output of individual print shops and highlight gender aspects of book production in a second step the project will show how widows pursued economic advantages from powerful institutions such as universities and it will analyse how widows economic agency changed in the 16th and 17th century as book production progressively moved from single workshops to larger family enterprises finally widowsprint will use image recognition software to trace the exchange of printing material this will reveal to what extent widows collaborated with other producers allowing the professional networks of women printers hitherto hidden from view to be reconstructedwidowsprint will radically reappraise the role of widows in the german print industry and analyse how economic developments influenced their rights and their agency concurrently the project will provide a model to estimate the actual size of the output of early modern print shops this will lead to a substantial change in our understanding of the availability of these important commodities when major transformations were taking place in europe