Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
reaching 25 organic farmland in the eu by stronger and betterconnected organic advisors and organic advisory services

the eu has set a target of reaching at least 25 organic farmland by 2030 which requires a tripling of the current organic area and the entry of 700000 new farmers into the organic sector this calls for easy access to reliable knowledge about organic practices as well as the creation of innovations organic advisory services are essential to achieve this and there is a need for 1000020000 organic advisers in the eu to serve these farmers the overall objective of the project is to cocreate an euwide network of 1000 organic advisors that will exchange knowlegde and provide mutual support covering all 27 eu member states and 7 other european countries the network will cover both plant production and animal husbandry it will embrace the diversity of organic advisory services offered by private and publication organisations or selfemployed professionals an action plan will be created to ensure the longterm continuation of the network laying down a governance structure and identifying future funding streams exchange will take place in online community spaces and inperson events online learning activities will be offered to increase technical and soft skills of advisors both newcomers in the sector as well as more experienced organic advisors based on an analysis of drivers and barriers the project will empower organic advisors to improve capacity of their organisations and promote the creation of organic advisory services where they do not exist yet successful business models of structuring and financing organic advisory services will be assessed the outcomes of the project will be disseminated to actors within and beyond the organic community finally synergies will be created with other eu projects and policy makers will be engaged to foster longterm support for the network itself and for organic advisory services in all parts of europe
arctic greenhouse gas sinks exploring coldspots of methane and nitrous oxide in the permafrost domain

the release of greenhouse gases from the terrestrial biosphere is of global importance the arctic is a net source of the greenhouse gases methane ch4 and nitrous oxide n2o and a biogeochemically important ecosystem due to immense soil carbon and nitrogen pools and aboveaverage warming an observationbias in arctic greenhouse gas reporting towards highemitting hotspot sites is evident in contrast uptake of ch4 and n2o by arctic soils leading to greenhouse gas removal from the atmosphere could partially compensate for carbon and nitrogen losses and completely redefine our baseline understanding of arctic and global greenhouse gas budgets no consideration has been given to understanding natural ch4 and n2o sinks in the arctic and the complex biogeochemical mechanisms governing these coldspotsi aim to show that arctic greenhouse gas uptake matters and that contrary to traditional beliefs intricate temporal uptake patterns exist and are driven by plant and microbial functioning coldspot will fulfil the scientific need to know when where and why arctic soils act as a sink for ch4 and n2o and will identify novel mechanisms underlying arctic greenhouse gas uptake highresolution laserbased measurements of soil ch4 and n2o uptake at field sites in canada greenland and finland will be combined with machine learning tools and indepth studies of environmental drivers in sophisticated experimental manipulations coldspot applies a multiscale approach combining fieldbased measurements of multiple gas species with climate simulation experiments in stateoftheart climate chambers in the laboratory and investigations ranging from the microbial scale via soil and plant processes to ecosystemscale models coldspot will generate new processunderstanding fundamentally transform our perception of the magnitude and functioning of greenhouse gas sinks in the arctic and provide breakthrough insights for arctic and global greenhouse gas research
entanglement theory a quantum odyssey from the generalised quantum steins lemma to quantum gravity

quantum entanglement fuels the most important quantum information processing protocols and is central to modern physics however the most profound questions concerning its operational meaning remain unanswered most importantly we do not know how efficiently mixedstate entanglement can be i manipulated or ii detected iii whether it is possible to formulate a thermodynamical theory of entanglement revolving around a unique entropic measure and finally iv how entanglement can be exploited to reveal quantum features of gravity in experiments with gravitationally interacting quantum systems a single key statement connects all these questions the generalised quantum steins lemma gqsl from quantum hypothesis testing i have however uncovered lami and regula nature physics 19 184 2023 bbglprt nature physics in press 2023 a fatal flaw in the original proof of the gqsl which is now regarded as one of the most important open problems in entanglement theorythis project addresses questions iiv in a unified way through the gqsl the road map includes five key objectives o1 solve the gqsl with techniques from quantum shannon theory o2 expand its scope from entanglement to other quantum resources and from states to processes o3 design new entanglement measures and use them to obtain tight constraints on entanglement manipulation o4 determine the ultimate performances of quantum communication networks and characterise entanglement in manybody systems finally o5 investigate quantum gravitational experiments systematically with the formalism of quantum hypothesis testing formulating a complete proposal of a new type of dynamical quantum gravitational experiment thanks to my strong track record in quantum information theory entanglement theory and their applications to fundamental physics problems i am in an ideal position to complete this project whose goal is to build new bridges connecting these three key areas
multilayer governance performance of marine policies

permagov aims to contribute to the realization of the eu green deal objectives by improving implementation and performance of eu marine policies permagovs project objectives are 1 codeveloping and applying a marine governance performance assessment framework to assess how institutional barriers formal and informal collaborations and egovernance tools enable and constrain the capability of actors to implement eu marine policies within the areas of marine energy maritime transport marine life and marine litter and 2 coproducing multilayered collaborative marine egovernance strategies which enhance the capability of endusers to contribute to the implementation of eu marine policies related to the four marine issue areas to achieve the eu green deal goals permagov will contribute to the improved performance of marine polices and a successful implementation of the eu green deal objectives by an assessment of 9 cases decarbonizing shipping motorways of the sea maritime shipping seabed integrity sustainable fisheries in mpas marine life floating wind energy island offshore wind marine energy marine litter baltic and mediterranean seasmarine plastics focusing on the enabling and constraining conditions of institutional barriers and the possibilities for multilayered collaborative and egovernance characteristics for permagov is coproduction and cocreation from the start to the end of the project and beyond together with endusers and stakeholders from maritime industries ngos researchers and policymakers the performance assessment framework will be developed and applied in coproduction the cases will be assessed innovative governance strategies will be developed and digital tools will be improved in order to overcome the barriers hampering the performance of marine policies and the successful implementation of the objectives of the european green deal
epic exploring the ecohydrological impacts of a changing cryosphere in the peruvian andes

glacier runoff is vital for the downstream populations and ecosystems of the peruvian andes however previous predictions of future runoff have failed to take account of the complexity of the glacier surface energy balance nor of future vegetation succession our project aims to provide a new interdisciplinary understanding of the possible futures of the hydrology of the cordillera blanca combining changes in climate glaciers hydrology and ecosystems and disentangling their interactions we will use the advanced ecohydrological model tethyschloris which takes a physicallybased approach to representing glacier and catchment processes we will determine both the key drivers of peruvian glacier mass balance and the role of vegetation in altering the catchment water balance through bigdata remote sensing approaches we will identify the past changes in land cover and wetland area and how they have coincided with glacier recession we will then assess the future of the regions hydrology including the changing climate glacier evolution and scenarios of vegetation succession to provide a holistic view of the controls on projected catchment runoff the proposed fellow has a strong background in the glacier surface energy balance remote sensing and glacier hydrology but she will diversify her knowledge to encapsulate catchment modelling ecological understanding and the use of large geospatial data archives she will be supported by dr francesca pellicciotti who is a worldclass scientist specialising in the use of physicallybased approaches to modelling high mountain catchments this project will therefore not only provide unique insights into the future hydrology of the peruvian andes but will also provide a springboard for the fellow to become a truly interdisciplinary researcher working at the interface between glaciology ecology and catchment hydrology
effects of mental disorders on the wellbeing and prosperity of family members and friends

mental disorders have an enduring impact on individuals wellbeing and economic prosperity although it is often assumed that these effects extend to the wellbeing of family members and friends as well comprehensive largescale direct investigations have rarely been conducted and it remains unclear how enduring these influences are this project addresses this fundamental gap in our understanding and substantially extends prior knowledge in two crucial ways first i will estimate how much a persons mental disorder affects the wellbeing and prosperity of family members including parents and siblings second i study whether these effects extend to partners in later adulthood third i will assess the broader social impact of mental illness across the life course also estimating the longevity of these wider harmful influences my research team and i will use several interlinked nationwide finnish registers to answer these questions the linked datasets contain rich individuallevel information for over three decades for the whole finnish population including complete details of healthcare utilization and prescription medication prescribing for approximately 5 million persons over a 20year observation period the main advantage of these nationwide registers is that they are truly populationbased and free of the biases that are common in research surveys my team will use stateoftheart research designs and statistical methods to identify potential causal links mentalnet will deliver cuttingedge knowledge on how mental disorders coalesce in social networks which can potentially help to reduce the societal impact of mental disorders
managing performative science

scientific models often do more than predict or explain especially in the social realm they can also influence their targets a capacity that is called performativity by influencing policy making and individual behavior models from economics epidemiology or machine learning increasingly perform the social world in significant ways this development should be of utmost importance to philosophers for two reasonsfirst performativity can impair scientific prediction and explanation if for instance a model of the spread of covid19 predicts many deaths people might reduce their social contacts in response which may in turn lead to the predicted events not coming about how should we evaluate such a prediction and how should scientists deal with these effectssecond the development raises difficult ethical questions about the legitimacy of science guiding human affairs and the values that are implicit in this process should we welcome sciences increasingly practical role in shaping policymaking and individual behavior or should we regard such influence as manipulative potentially undermining democratic decision makingthese are difficult philosophical questions but they also have significant practical import yet the philosophy of science hasnt so far provided guidance on how performative science might be evaluated and managed maps will close this lacunathe core aims of the project are1 to develop a novel understanding of what performativity is and can do by closely following scientific practice2 to understand the intricate relationship between sciences epistemic and performative roles and to assess the ethical risks of performativity and3 to provide orientation to philosophers and practitioners for how to assess and manage performative scienceby integrating insights from scientific practice with philosophical assessment the project will establish performativity management as a central theme of philosophical inquiry
the role of an expanded family of exported effector kinases in environmental sensing and regulation of virulence in human malaria

the most severe form of malaria in humans is caused by plasmodium falciparum cytoadhesion of infected red blood cells irbcs to host endothelium and irbc rigidification are the major contributors to pathology cytoadhesion is mediated by transport of a protein called pfemp1 onto the surface of the irbc it prevents clearance of irbcs in the spleen and promotes parasite survival but can cause the obstruction of blood vessels leading to pathology thus the parasite has to strike a fine balance between preventing its own clearance through sufficiently strong cytoadhesion and control of rigidity and killing the host the paradigm in the field is that the strength of cytoadhesion is dominated by expression of pfemp1 variants with different affinities for host cell receptors we now have strong evidence that the parasite can rapidly regulate its cytoadhesive properties using a family of atypical kinases the fikk kinases it exports into the host cell this gives the parasite a yet unrecognized ability to respond to conditions encountered in the host such as fever or hypoxia in areas of high parasite sequestration and influence disease outcome this is important of the 6 human infecting plasmodium species only p falciparum exports fikk kinases into the host cell as this species is responsible for 95 of all fatal human malaria cases it is paramount to understand fikk function in pathogenesis we will use cutting edge approaches to 1 identify the function of fikk kinases in controlling cytoadhesion and rigidity in conditions frequently encountered in the human host and determine rbc remodelling in samples from patients 2 identify the molecular underpinnings of fikk function in controlling cytoadhesion and 3 perform a thorough biochemical characterisation of the atypical fikk kinase family in summary we aim to answer the paramount question about the functional role and the evolution of the fikk kinases and the pathogenesis of p falciparum malaria
political trust in crisis determinants and solutions

in the last years the world has experienced an unprecedented increase in the fraction of people that have lost their confidence in political institutions and have started supporting populist candidates while a rapidly growing literature in social sciences has investigated this phenomenon current research methodologies face important limitations existing studies have limited measures of political attitudes and provide little evidence on the mechanisms behind the increase in distrust in this project i propose a radically different approach to tackle this question i plan to conduct extensive data collection through online surveys in multiple countries and periods i will combine this novel data with extensive use of survey experiments and quasiexperimental approaches this methodology has the potential to significantly expand the research frontier in the study of political discontent first i plan to collect the most detailed individuallevel panel dataset on perceptions beliefs and attitudes second the use of survey experiments provides a unique toolkit uncover the mental model of individuals ie their modes of reasoning that generate a link between a shock and ultimate political discontent this novel methodology will be applied to answer two main questions 1 what are the fundamental drivers of political discontent i will examine the effects of a number of different economic and cultural shocks on discontent and distrust in the uncovering of the mechanisms i will pay special attention two key mediating factors the policy response to shocks of traditional parties and the exposure to populist and nativist narratives the second research question is 2 how can trust in the political system be regained using a number of experimental and quasiexperimental designs i will investigate whether exposure to safetynet policies can help individuals to regain trust in the political system
federated foundational models for embodied perception

computer vision is beginning to see a paradigm shift with largescale foundational models that demonstrate impressive results on a wide range of recognition tasks while achieving impressive results these models learn only static 2d image representations based on observed correlations between still images and natural language however our world is threedimensional full of dynamic events and causal interactions we argue that the next scientific challenge is to invent foundational models for embodied perception that is perception for systems that have a physical body operate in a dynamic 3d world and interact with the surrounding environmentthe frontier proposal addresses this challenge by means of1 developing a new class of foundational model architectures grounded in the geometrical and physical structure of the world that seamlessly combine largescale neural networks with learnable differentiable physical simulation components to achieve generalization across tasks situations and environments2 designing new learning algorithms that incorporate the physical and geometric structure as constraints on the learning process to achieve new levels of data efficiency with the aim of bringing intelligent systems closer to humans who can often learn from only a few available examples 3 developing new federated learning methods that will allow sharing and accumulating learning experiences across different embodied systems thereby achieving new levels of scale accuracy and robustness not achievable by learning in any individual system alonebreakthrough progress on these problems would have profound implications on our everyday lives as well as science and commerce with safer cars that learn from each other intelligent production lines that collaboratively adapt to new workflows or a new generation of smart assistive robots that automatically learn new skills from the internet and each other enabled by the advances from this project
virus related biomarkers to improve management of chronic conditions

the unifying aim of viromarkers is to define virus related biomarkers to improve management of chronic diseases including biomarkers of response to antiviral treatment of persistent viral infections and virome features as indicators of disease progression in immunosuppressed people the project has the following objectives1to demonstrate a novel bioinformatics method for prediction of hiv1 susceptibility to broadly neutralising antibodies based on the hiv1 gp120 sequence2to demonstrate novel hdv biomarkers hdvrna hbsag isoforms and hdv genotype to predict treatment response to the recently approved antihdv bulevirtide3to validate serum cmvrna as a biomarker of cmv infectionreactivation to optimise the correct timing for preventive strategies in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 4to validate the torque teno virus dna as a prognostic biomarker for cmv disease in immunocompromised patients 5to validate total and intact cellular hiv dna as a biomarker of hiv infection status to guide novel antiviral strategiesvalidation or demonstration of several technologies required to measure the candidate biomarkers is an integral part of the project objectives in particular this refers to the following diagnostic toolsdpcr as a tool for hdv quantification ngs platform for hdv sequencing qpcr diagnostics for cmvrna quantification ipda suitable for detection of intact hivdna in any viral subtype qpcr diagnostics for ttvdna leveraging on the regulatory expertise present in the consortium viromarkers will define the regulatory pathway for each of its outcomes and will generate the experimental data necessary to move prototype methods and tools to regulatory approvaloverall viromarkers with its public private partnership nature will make available for healthcare providers and for researchers robust and fitforpurpose biomarkers and linked technologies enabling their clinical use in response to important unmet clinical needs with in the end an important impact also for patientsviromarkers is supported by the innovative health initiative joint undertaking ihi ju the ju receives support from the european unions horizon europe research and innovation programme and cocir efpia europa bo medtech europe and vaccines europe
carmen

challenges related to on the move biometrics are 1 lower quality live biometric data and 2 no time to read the epassport also fully automatic biometric border control solutions even with a stop allowed are currently deployed only for pedestrians in controlled environments carmen innovates biometric solutions for nonstop border control suitable for pedestrians and vehicles in uncontrolled environmental conditions travellers authentication is achieved in two steps 1 the biometric data face iris periocular of travellers is securely stored in their smartphones thanks to a dtc digital traveller credential 2 the biometric data is securely transferred from the dtc to the border authroity infrastructure and compared to the live biometric data collected as the traveller crosses the border control pointto address a variety of environmental conditions carmen uses both nir and rgb live biometric images and compares them to the reference images that have been acquired with one type of lighting only to make biometrics more robust carmen has a multimodal approach on face iris and periocular regions in fraud detection carmen detects presentation attacks on moving travellers and detects anomalous traveller behaviour to address small and large border crossing points carmen enables the use of fix and bodyworn cameras to address travellers in cars or lorries carmen detects face images in slowly moving vehicles through the windowstravellers in coaches are controlled by border guards walking through the coach using dedicated portable equipment as they walkcarmen addresses the robustness of dtc via data injection attacks carmen complies with the existing legal and ethical standards and privacy is a central concerncarmen solutions will be demonstrated in operational conditions over the uk france border as french and uk border authorities are part of carmen consortium using the infrastructure proposed by the partner brittany ferries