Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
bimodal ammonia nuclear thermal and electric rocket

banter represents the first step towards realizing an innovative bimodal nuclear thermal and electric propulsion system in which the same fluid ie ammonia is used as a propellant for thermonuclear propulsion and electric thrusters and as a working fluid for the power generation system due to its ease of storage in noncryogenic conditions its presence as an insitu resource on many targets of future space missions and its possibility of decomposing to increase the propulsive performance ammonia allows the development of a compact propulsion system capable of transporting tons of payloads for a wide spectrum of missions the design and verification through analysis of a nuclear reactor implementing a new type of coolant channels and a radiatorless power generation system fed by ammonia will constitute the first phase of this process then the combination of the thermolysis catalysis and radiolysis processes to decompose the ammonia will be studied through two experimental campaigns carried out on prototypes of the coolant channels both in a nuclear and nonnuclear environment with the aim of demonstrating propulsive performance capable of outclassing traditional chemical propulsion systems moreover another phase of design development and testing will demonstrate the ability of a cluster of newly designed ammonia electric thrusters to operate for long periods without excessive cathode erosion eventually with increased efficiency due to the catalytic decomposition of the propellant positive outcomes of the project will pave the way for developing a technology that could make europe a protagonist of the future space race thanks to a compact versatile and highperformance propulsion system in addition any improvement in the production of green hydrogen from ammonia decomposition will benefit also for the energy industry this aspect makes this project highly multidisciplinary not only in the research approach but also in the results
ukraine towards carbon neutrality

ucan facilitates a practical bottomup approach with ukrainian cities towards climate neutrality following the european standards and the european green deal egd the project starts with a core group of 8 ukrainian cities dresden as a mission city ngos and research institutions this networking and cocreation process addresses the current challenges of the ukrainian cities and their key sectors within 48 months the cnscua twinning partners exchange experiences with further network municipalities throughout the country adapting to european climate standards with experts like din and transitioning together the core stakeholders work closely with their city administration in building capacities in the key sectors identified in light of the war cocreation and citizen science augmented training activities ensure an effective valuebased and needsoriented approach communication and dissemination by eu partners near the ua borders enable besides an online platform the personal exchange of experiences with the cnsc twin cities this stepbystep synergy building and facilitation includes vision workshops road mapping and stakeholder cocreation to twin european and ukrainian cities this leads to use case development in each pilot city supporting pilot implementation of measures for climate mitigation and adaptation this is combined with an extensive plan for dissemination exploitation and communication led by european and ukrainian umbrella organisations standardisation initiatives and local and national representatives these efforts are assisted through functioning and already working city partnerships seamlessly integrating the ukrainian cities into the vision of the egd the given diversity in geopolitical characteristics ensures the involvement of all relevant sectors and the equal distribution of support ranging from smaller cities to the ukrainian capital and most important lighthouse city kyiv
using superresolved in situ sequencing to reveal the cellular encoding of immunetumour contact events

despite the constant surveillance of immune cells tumour cells can still evade the immune response unravelling the interactions of t cells and b cells with tumour cells can shed light on tumour evasion extensive research is focused on the mechanisms of activation of an immune response in t cells however it is known that detection events ie physical contact between individual surveying t cells and tumour cells dont necessarily lead to such activation little is known about physical interactions between t cells and tumour cells that do not end in activation here i suggest focusing on these detectionwithout activation events in these cases how is the detection information encoded in t cells ie how are t cells and other immune cells affected by the interaction with tumour cells on the molecular level my working assumption is that the evading mechanism can be manifested as a physical change in immune cells upon touching tumour cells and i suggest detecting the smoking gun of this process in biopsies in the form of changes in the gene expression program of touching immune cells this was not done before because it is almost impossible to study single interacting cells in tumour tissues it requires both high spatial resolution to detect individually interacting cells and high molecular resolution to quantify cell types and states here using a technology i developed for in situ sequencing with superresolution i will generate the first dataset of superresolved spatial genomics mapping of human biopsies and detect tens of thousands of individual interactions between physically touching immune and tumour cell types i will then build a new imaging technology to sequence t cell and b cell receptor in situ and detect tumourspecific ones and will build a computational framework to detect genes and pathways involved in the immunetumour crosstalk this will reveal mechanistic insights into tumour evasion and suggest directions for its reversion
functional cartography of intestinal hostmicrobiome interactions

microbiomehost crosstalk is crucial for gut homeostasis and its dysregulation is a hallmark of diseases such as colorectal cancer crc and inflammatory bowel disease ibd despite its key relevance for a holistic understanding of the human superorganism and its pathophysiology how local hostmicrobiome interactions form specific niches in the gut and how these niches function at the cellular and molecular level remains unexplored mainly due to a lack of suitable technologiesto fill this gap we propose to jointly reconstruct the host transcriptional and microbiome compositional landscape of the human gut across a large number of healthy individuals as well as ibd and crc patients for this we will leverage a combination of novel spatial profiling technologies for unbiased transcriptome sequencing and microbiome profiling at singlecell resolution in situ first we will spatially delineate local niches formed of specific microbes and host cells to dissect this complex crosstalk into specific interactions we will secondly use in vitro and in vivo models to introduce perturbations either on the host or the microbiome side finally we will integrate the resulting data to deconvolute hostmicrobiome circuits computationally and to predict functional niches in particular host responses to pathogens of relevance in ibd and crc interesting predictions will be tested in organoid and animal models developing a spatially resolved computational model of the gut ecosystem will allow us to predict early local events in disease onset from these we will identify and validate prognostic ibd and crc biomarkers for future clinical translationthis work will revolutionize our understanding of intestinal hostmicrobiome interactions by adding a firstever functionally resolved spatial dimension with clinical relevance for the future diagnosis and treatment of intestinal disorders
tier2 enhancing trust integrity and efficiency in research through nextlevel reproducibility impact pathways

lack of reproducibility of research results has become a major theme in recent years as we emerge from the covid19 pandemic economic pressures increasing scrutiny of research funding and exposed consequences of lack of societal trust in science make addressing reproducibility of urgent importance tier2 does so by selecting 3 broad research areas social life and computer sciences and 2 crossdisciplinary stakeholder groups research publishers and funders to systematically investigate reproducibility across contexts the project starts by thoroughly examining the epistemological social and technical factors epistemic diversity which shape the meanings and implications of reproducibility across contexts next we build a stateoftheart evidencebase on existing reproducibility interventions tools and practices identifying key knowledge gaps then tier2 will use cocreation techniques of scenarioplanning backcasting and usercentred design to select prioritise designadapt and implement new toolspractices to enhance reproducibility across contexts alignment activities ensure tools are eoscinteroperable capacitybuilding actions with communities ie reproducibility networks will facilitate awareness skills and communityuptake systematic assessment of the efficacy of interventions across contexts will synthesise knowledge on reproducibility gains and savings a final roadmap for future reproducibility including policy recommendations is cocreated with stakeholders thus tier2 will significantly boost knowledge on reproducibility create tools engage communities implement interventions and policy across different contexts to increase reuse and overall quality of research results in the european research area and global ri and consequently increase trust integrity and efficiency in research
regional center of excellence at the orbeli institute of physiology

through the horizon europe era chairs action program we aim to enhance the research environment in the orbeli institute of physiology iph a major biomedical academic entity established over 75 years ago in yerevan with the help of the horizon europe era chair action program we aim to modify the research and innovation landscape within the orbeli institute of physiology iph a major academic entity established over 75 years ago in yerevan armenia under the direction of the proposed era chair a new scientific direction is to be developed and a number of key structural changes within iph are to be implemented these include 1 establishing a regional research center with a focus on tissue engineering 2 educating a new generation of junior researchers in modern methods and approaches to collect and analyze data 3 improving the institutes research compliance environment including setting up committees on animal and human subjects 4 institutewide training in grant writing and management in addition to achieve longterm sustainability of iph research efforts the era chair holder aims to establish collaborations with regional medical centers with an ultimate goal to help to manufacture bioscaffolds implantable biomimetic tissues as well as to establish protocols for testing and culturing patientderived pluripotent stem cells in addition to being one of the most exciting scientific fields of the 21st century tissue engineering and regenerative medicine represent a true bridge between academia and medicine which brings scientific discoveries to the realm of everyday life horizon europe era chair grant can enable the iph to build upon its existing scientific arsenal and resources to achieve regional leadership in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine becoming a driving force for strengthening armenias science base in a variety of disciplines ranging from biology physics chemistry nanotechnology and biomedical engineering
fostering the advanced use of agrochemicals for a sustainable agriculture

agrochemicals are chemical products used in agriculture such as fertilizers plantbiostimulants or pesticides the application of fertilizers in synergistic combination with biostimulants provides the nutrients required for enhancing the crops yield while pesticides are used to reduce the risk of loss from plant diseases and weeds on agricultural production today the agricultural sector faces several challenges namely loss and leaching of fertilisers effectiveness of fertilisers must be enhanced through controlled delivery of nutrients ingredients to enhance their availability to the plants for longer periods large amounts of pesticides used it is necessary to reduce the use of pesticides increase the selectivity and avoid pest resistance bioaccumulation and bioconcentration it is necessary to avoid soil and groundwater accumulation and bioconcentration in the flora and fauna highly dependency of water availability an increase of water use efficiency and water management is essential due to water risksin this context nano and biotechnology strategies have recently gained more interest in the agricultural sector compared to conventional agricultural techniques agro4agri seeks to provide groundbreaking and safe and sustainable by design solutions for plant nutrition and protection consisting of nano and biobased controlled delivery fertilisers and plant biostimulants and targetspecific biopesticides based on rnai technology both for enhanced agrochemicals use efficiency agro4agri involves rd and validation stages aiming to minimize in the long term the use of agrochemicals in agriculture in more than 50 to be aligned with the farm to fork strategy among other eu initiatives further project developments include the evaluation of safety social and economic impacts activities to promote society and policy makers engagement to bring wider impacts and better fulfil eu targets and position europe at the forefront of the agroindustry
next generation additively manufactured magnesium alloy scaffolds for bone generation

porous scaffolds ie lattice implants play an important role in bone regeneration since they can mimic the structure of bone bond to bone and in some cases stimulate bone growth to date most clinically approved porous scaffolds are limited to those fabricated from nondegradable metals as such a second surgery is often required to remove them once their purpose is fulfilled this is often a burden for the patient and results in significantly increased health care costs biodegradable mg alloys can overcome these issues thanks to their ability to dissolve within the human body while being replaced by new bone tissue the aim of this project is to advance the potential use of mg alloy porous scaffolds for bone grafting applications to achieve this aim the proposed research seeks to fulfil three primary objectives 1 to design a next generation biomedical mgznca alloy suitable for laserpowder bed fusion processing lpbf of porous scaffolds 2 to improve the mechanical and degradation properties beyond those of benchmark commercially available biomedical mg alloys 3 to incorporate biodegradable polymers into porous mgzncabased lattices as a means of improving the functionality of the lattice implant the project seeks to combine the indepth material knowledge and industrial experience of the experienced researcher er with the biomedical expertise wide subject background and extensive collaboration networks of the supervisor cecilia persson along with the broad range of infrastructure available at the host organisation uppsala university the interdisciplinary aspect of the proposed research will enable the er to expand his knowledge in several areas and will substantially improve his career prospects especially given the supervisors excellent track record of training postgraduate and postdoctoral researchers the host will benefit from the ers contributions to its research activities and industrial relevance
recorded sound propaganda of the italian fascist regime

if much has been said about the use of radio by the italian fascists to establish and lead a regime that they wanted totalitarian from its advent other devices of technicized sound especially discs and their political affordances and effects have been neglected however discs and phonographs were among the first technical sound devices and media to be available for political propaganda since the end of the 19th century they have enabled political actors in the usa and europe to transcend the time and space of their practice and to multiply their presence in the interwar period discs and recorded sound became fundamental parts of propaganda devices designed to elicit ideas behavior and adherence to a political project from massive audiences through sound it appears then necessary to question the political functioning the practices and the social effects of propaganda discs alone or associated with the radio or the loudspeaker especially in a regime that its actors wished totalitarian with recorded sound propaganda of the italian fascist regime redire i wish to inform the political role and effects of discs in the context of italian fascism and to participate to the reflection on the political functioning of technicized sound especially in a totalitarian regime to do so i will study the propaganda conceived by the regime to support the policies of development or perpetuation of fascism in time education identity conservation and manipulation of cultural heritage and space colonization war transnational soft power international existence of italy through an investigation of the state archives and the press i will examine the political uses of recorded sound engaged by fascist sociotechnical networks from their imaginary conception to their realization and their social effects finally fascist and nazi recorded sound propaganda will be compared to better understand the political functioning of sound in a totalitarian regime
enantioselective strategies for the synthesis of phenyl bioisosteres

the obtainment of enantioenriched molecules is of fundamental importance since two enantiomers of the same drug candidate can display completely different biological properties in recent years an increasing interest in employing saturated scaffolds has been observed in medicinal chemistry since they provide tridimensionality and welldefined exit vectors that give access to novel unexplored chemical space leading to a higher success in drug discovery programs among them some polycyclic bridged skeletons have been identified as suitable saturated bioisosteres of aromatic rings which represent the common twodimensional flat moieties that are routinely employed in the drug discovery process the aim of enantiobioiso is to provide novel enantioselective strategies for the synthesis of phenyl bioisosteres enabling unprecedented approaches to obtain bridged skeletons that are of fundamental importance for medicinal chemistry
investigation of spin charge and lattice coupling effects in van der waals crystals in an electron microscope

lattice structures are ubiquitous in nature which determine diverse physical and chemical properties of materials exploring and controlling crystal structures is a central task of material engineering lattice phase transition is considered as a significant approach to manipulate and control functionalities and thus understanding the underlying mechanism of phase transition is a basic premise and guarantee for technological applications a fundamental understanding of the cooperative interplay between charge spin orbital and lattice is required to manipulate this process the emergence of magnetic van der waals vdw crystals opened up new horizons for engineering phase transition with magnetic orders together beyond the reach of existing materials traditional investigation of magnetic phase transition requires neutron diffraction which requires nuclear reactor to generate neutrons in this project i propose to use threedimensional electron diffraction 3ded to study the 3d magnetic orderings which will serve as a complimentary method to neutron diffraction i will also study the dynamical behaviour of magnetic ordering in vdw crystals under different electric bias conditions in addition i will study the 3d magnetic field distribution at the interface of heterostructures constructed by vdw crystals i will develop continuous fast holographic tomography cfht with much lower dose and higher speed compared to traditional stepwise tomography i will also apply a special 3d reconstruction algorithm to reveal and visualize the 3d magnetic field at the heterostructure interface the outputs of this project will provide insight into the synergy effects of charge spin and lattice in magnetic materials and greatly facilitate the discovery of novel magnetic materials
fragmentation in turbulence revisited toward a universal theory for turbulent emulsification

droplets and bubbles are omnipresent in many environmental and industrial applications that involve atomization and emulsification processes and the ability to control the size of these dispersed elements in turbulent multiphase flows is essential for design and optimization purposes despite the importance of the fragmentation of one fluid in another one by turbulent eddies a universal theory applicable to a majority of the scenarios is still missing following the seminal work of hinze on characterizing the size of the largest stable droplets in turbulence known as kolmogorovhinze theory i aim to revisit this concept with a novel deterministic approach through theoretical investigation experimental characterization and numerical simulation in my recent contribution i have presented a novel description for the hinze scale based on the concept of enstrophy transport across the scales in turbulence which could serve as the basis for my deterministic approach to studying turbulent emulsification by providing the theoretical basis for sustained homogenous isotropic turbulent flows i will measure the spectral rate of enstrophy transport rates by the vortex stretching surface tension and other relevant mechanisms in a dropladen turbulent flow in the lab using tomographic piv and shape reconstruction furthermore by performing direct numerical simulation dns i will explore the situations where experimentation may be limited such as highlydense emulsifications and surfactantladen environments the simulations will provide a large dataset based on which we could generate a universal theory for emulsification in turbulent dropladen and bubbly flows the fragture project revisits the fundamental understanding of turbulent fragmentation by a concept that has not been employed before and aims at generating a novel caseindependent universal correlation for the hinze scale that is essential in many engineering applications