Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
atlas of the human deep brain nuclei connections and vasculature

deepbrain stimulation dbs in short is one of the most promising surgical treatments for movement disorders such as parkinsons disease pd and more recently neuropsychiatric diseases such as obsessive compulsive disorder during dbs surgery a microelectrode is lowered deep into the brain with the aim to stimulate small subcortical nuclei in order to alleviate disease related symptoms such as rigidity and tremor as seen in patients with pd studies using dbs in pd patients show that a suboptimal placement of electrodes in for example the subthalamic nucleus stn or globus pallidus gp can yield changes in cognitive processes eg attention mental speed response inhibition and affective states eg depression hypomania anxiety hypersexuality and hallucinations these unwanted side effects of dbs are speculated to be the result of the stimulation of subareas other than the motor zone within these nuclei the stimulation of white matter connections or the dysregulation of blood flow to neighboring areas our aim is to create an atlas of the human deep brain nuclei connections and vasculature deepbrainvascu to substantially improve the outcome of dbs by significantly reducing unwanted side effects
generation of cartilagefree kidney organoids a small molecule strategy

the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in europe varies from 33173 and has risen during the last decades in the world 97 million people need kidney replacement therapy but only 26 million will receive it these numbers are expected to double within the next 10 years increasing the pressure to find alternative solutions recent scientific developments to generate kidney organoids in vitro have opened the possibility for a regenerative medicinebased approach that would provide a functional substitute to the failing kidney these kidney organoids can recapitulate renal structures as well as the cellular complexity of human kidney and may restore glomerular filtration upon transplantation in this project we make use of human induced pluripotent stem cells that can be differentiated with a cocktail of biomolecules and aggregated to form of kidney organoids that are cultured at the airliquid interface this protocol leads to the formation of complex renal structures including glomeruli and tubules while kidney organoids show great therapeutic potential they also present several drawbacks one of which is the appearance of offtarget cell populations such as neurons myocytes and chondrocytes within the organoid preventing the appearance of these offtarget cells will greatly improve the quality of the organoids preventing cartilage formation is most desirable because cartilage completely disrupts the organoids and renders them dysfunctional and unsuitable for in vivo usethe reasons for the consistent observation of chondrocytes during organoid growth and transplantation are not yet understood the objective of this work is to understand the molecular mechanisms of cartilage formation in kidney organoids and reduce it using a small molecule strategy
continuum of trust increased path agility and trustworthy device and service provisioning

ever since the cloudcentric service provision started becoming incapable for efficiently supporting the emerging enduser needs compute functionality has been shifted from the cloud closer to the edge or delegated to the user equipment at the faredge the resources and computing capabilities residing at those locations have been lately considered to collectively makeup a compute continuum albeit its unproven assurance to securely accommodate endtoend information sharing the continuumdeployed workloads generate traffic that steers through untrusted hw and sw infrastructure domains of continuously changing truststates castor develops and evaluates technologies to enable trustworthy continuumwide communications it departs from the processing of userexpressed highlevel requirements for a continuum service which are turnedto combinations of security needs and network resource requirements referred to as castor policies the policies are subsequently enforced on the continuum hw and sw infrastructure to realise an optimised trusted communication path delivering innovationbreakthroughs to the sofar unsatisfied need a for distributed composable attestation of the continuum nodes and subsequent elevation of individual outcomes to an adaptive to changes continuum trust quantification b for the derivation of the optimal path as a joint computation of the continuum trust properties and resources c for continuum infrastructure vendoragnostic trusted path establishment seamlessly crossing different administrative domains the castor will be evaluated in operational environments of 4 usecases whereby varying types of securitysafetycritical information is shared project innovations will be exhaustively assessed in 3 diverse application domains utilising the carefullydesigned castor testbed core for each case our results will provide experimental evidence for the castors efficiency and feed the incomplete trustrelevant ietf standards
elemental ecology towards an elementbased functional ecology

life on earth as we have known it for millennia is at stake human activities are putting all kinds of ecosystems under increased stress because of landuse change and the alteration of the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen n phosphorus p and carbon c thus inducing climate warming functionally diverse ecosystems are more productive and stable than less diverse ones and biogeochemical changes affect both biodiversity and the elemental composition of organisms their elementome changing how they and their ecosystems function it is therefore imperative to provide evidence about how the interactions between elementomes biodiversity and climate drive ecosystem functioning if we are to avoid the serious threat of reducing essential resources for life within the context of global change stoikos will achieve an indepth understanding of the interaction between elementomes and biodiversity in determining ecosystem functioning by introducing the concept of elemental diversity and moving functional ecology from using functional traits to elementomes an easy and universal way to compare all sort of organisms stoikos will particularly test the hypothesis that communityweighted elementomes and elemental diversity explain ecosystem functioning better than functional traits and their diversity stoikos will integrate data from observations field campaigns longterm monitoring sites microcosm experiments and theoretical modelling to provide synergies amongst their outputs to build the foundations of an elementalbased ecology this will allow stoikos hypotheses to be tested at the individual species and communityecosystem scales using new and gamechanging methodologies and study systems the cuttingedge science of stoikos will not only provide the foundations of an elementalbased ecology but will also deliver new ecological theory and methodological tools that will help us predict the future of ecosystems and assess the fragility of our biosphere
dissecting hosttransposon interactions during germline development and their impact on genome integrity

mammalian genomes are filled with transposable elements tes whose activity is usually silenced by dna methylation however during the fetal phase of germline development dna methylation is naturally lost as part of the epigenetic reprogramming of the future gametes this leads to the transcriptional activation of transpositioncompetent tes which normally represents a threat to genomic integrity and species fitness how fetal male germ cells aka prospermatogonia mechanistically cope with te reactivation and protect the integrity of the genetic materialpreliminary data from the lab indicates that tes acquire both permissive h3k4me3 and repressive h3k9me3 marks in mouse prospermatogonia and may be subject to early transcription termination i will investigate whether these regulatory patterns may allow prospermatogonia to tolerate active tes and even integrate them into their own developmental program focusing on this unique cellular model provided by prospermatogonia i will 1 assess the dynamics of h3k4me3k9me3 marks using single cell multimodal chromatin profiling in relation to prospermatogonia development 2 analyze te transcriptional features 3 study the 3d coordination of te regulation within the nucleus and 4 investigate whether tes participate to the prospermatogonia gene expression program by providing regulatory sequences i believe this project will identify novel principles in te regulation with immediate relevance for the field of reproductive biology knowledge will be gained regarding the origin of infertilities but also for other pathological contexts such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases whereby dna methylation loss and te reactivation are commonly observed
interacting solitary waves in nonlinear wave equations

various models encountered in mathematical physics possess special solutions called solitary waves which preserve their shape astime passes in the case of dispersive models small perturbations of the field tend to spread so that their amplitude decays thesoliton resolution conjecture predicts that generically a solution of a nonlinear dispersive partial differential equation decomposesinto a superposition of solitary waves and a perturbation of small amplitude called radiationour study will focus on topological solitons appearing in models motivated by quantum field theory kinks in the phi4 theory andrational maps in the o3 sigma model we expect that the developed techniques will have applications in the study of othertopological solitons like vortices monopoles skyrmions and instantonsour general ultimate objective goes beyond the soliton resolution and consists in obtaining an asymptotic description in infinitetime in both time directions of solutions of the considered model such a description should be correct at least at main order andreflect interesting features of the problem which are the solitonsoliton interactions and solitonradiation interactionswe pursue this general goal in various concrete situations namely the problem of unique continuation after blowup for theequivariant wave maps equation the collision problem for the phi4 equation the study of pure multisolitons in the regime of stronginteraction and the multisoliton uniqueness and stability problem their solution requires a mixture of nonperturbative and perturbativetechniques while the former rely heavily on the concrete model the latter will be applicable to any dispersive equation havingsolitary waves
next generation turbomachinery with twophase flow

the green transition of energy systems requires the implementation of a number of novel emerging energy conversion technologies based on turbomachinery with twophase flow however the current level of knowledge and understanding of twophase flow in turbomachinery is at a very low level urgently calling for the need of education of scientists that can support the development of such technologies the aim of training42phase is to educate the future leading scientists within turbomachinery with twophase flow thereby providing the scientific and technological basis required for the development of the next generation of turbomachinery the project consortium includes all the key partners needed to address these challenging tasks and provide our group of 10 doctoral candidates with the best foundation for solving these challenges leading european universities and industrial partners from large international companies and smes representing technology suppliers and providers of digitalized solutions training42phase will provide a first of its kind excellent training for 10 doctoral candidates within the following fields1 innovative technological solutions that enable the design of costeffective and reliable turbomachinery with twophase flow2 cuttingedge multidisciplinary training in all fields related to the modelling design optimization and performance prediction of turbomachinery with twophase flow including aerothermal modelling and design stress and fatigue analysis structural dynamics hybriddatadriven failure mechanism models advanced optimization methods and datadriven analytic techniques based on machine learning3 application of turbomachinery with twophase flow to emerging novel technologies4 toplevel training in transferable skills such as research and data management scientific integrity and ethics intellectual property rights and entrepreneurship business planning career planning and grant proposal writing
a holistic approach to sustainable digital eu agriculture forestry livestock and rural development based on reconfigurable aerial enablers and edge artificial intelligenceondemand systems

chameleons vision is to introduce develop test and evaluate an integrated network of collaborating agents equipped with advanced sensing and cognitive capabilities that can support multiple missions at tactical level while uvs are highly specialized systems manufactured by different providers they all implement the chameleon specifications enabling all common features necessary to take part in the surveillance tasks foreseen by the use cases as such chameleon aspires to exploit already wellestablished technologies and tools that have reach adequate maturity towards offering a complex interoperable and reconfigurable system capable of supporting a wide set of heterogeneous missions in diverse environmental conditions chameleon innovation lies on a novel reconfigurable drone the chameleon drone able to modify its configuration and sizing upon demand which can be deployed in homogenous or heterogeneous groups to support complex scenarios as well as a set of existing heterogeneous modular interoperable networked uvs systems chameleon drones will be able to adapt its operation from a number of available services or application through chameleon appstorechameleon will organize two open calls to attract and select the best smes from across the continent smes will be funded to generate ai supported products processes and business models with strong market potential across the proposed clusters besides a total financial support of 600000 chameleon will provide technical and business mentorship to the selected smes open calls will also lead towards the industrial applicability of the proposed tools and services without ec funding it is envisioned that an estimated of 10 applications will be submitted through chameleon and will be enriched with ai componentsthe chameleon solution will be demonstrated and validated under relevant operating conditions in 3 pilot sites in 3 european countries
silent flagellin in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease

the last century has seen a dramatic increase in the prevalence of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune illnesses including diseases of poorly understood etiology such as crohns disease cd and myalgic encephalomyelitis me recent reports for cd and me of elevated levels of antibodies against flagellins made by lachnospiraceae lachno which are usually associated with health suggest a common breakdown of immune tolerance my laboratory recently discovered a new class of flagellin that we termed silent because it binds the innate immune receptor tlr5 without inducing a response many lachno species which are highly abundant and prevalent in the human gut microbiome encode silent flagellins we have observed that silent flagellin is highly targeted by antibodies in cd and me we hypothesize that the usage of silent flagellins by lachnos and their reciprocal interactions with host immunity sustain inflammation in the gut and may drive autoimmunity in silentflame we will explore the breadth of the antibody response against lachno flagellins in a panel of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as potential crossreactivity with human proteins in parallel we will investigate the enigmatic role of silent flagellin in bacterial colonization of the gut and host adaptive immune responses both in homeostasis and inflammation to do so we will establish new genetic systems for two lachno bacteria commonly associated with human health and perform experiments in a germfree transgenic mouse line expressing the human tlr5 as well as human intestinal organoids to account for human specific effects this research will advance basic understanding of hostmicrobe reciprocal interactions in homeostasis and chronic inflammation the knowledge gained will enable the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring balance and ameliorating the conditions that arise when this delicate equilibrium is disrupted
foundations of quantum computational advantage

in foqacia we will expand the theoretical basis for the design of quantum algorithms our view is that the future success of quantum computing critically depends on advances at the most fundamental level and that largescale investments in quantum implementations will only pay off if they can draw on additional foundational insights and ideas while several powerful quantum algorithms are known the basic techniques they employ are few and far between largely it still remains to be discovered how to systematically harness the quantum for computation we study four areas of quantum phenomenology i quantum contextuality nonclassicality and quantum advantage ii complexity of classical simulation of quantum computation iii arithmetic of quantum circuits and iv efficiency of faulttolerant quantum computationthese fields are chosen for two reasons first their progress is of great importance for the physical realisation and the broad applicability of quantum computation regarding i one of the simplest proofs of quantum contextuality mermins star has recently been employed to prove bravyi gosset könig that boundeddepth quantum circuits are more powerful than their classical analogues we seek to expand this result beyond bounded depth in ii we study the quantum speedup by shaving off the redundant part the efficiently classically simulable in iii we aim to provide more efficient techniques for gate and circuit synthesis utilising the numbertheoretic underpinnings of the problem regarding iv given the celebrated threshold theorem and the fact that the error threshold is now known to be within reach of experiment we will tackle the remaining challenge of reducing the cost of fault tolerancethe second reason for selecting the above work areas is to mine them for foundational quantum mechanical structures and find related quantum algorithmic uses
novel domestic battery grade lithium carbonate value chain for green life

the fact is that the lithium deposits within the eu are associated with different mineralizations in solid host rocks except from the lithium brines of south america and australia these mineralizations require a special approach when processing and purifying happen up to battery grade lithium carbonate li4life proposal creates of an efficient technology for the extraction of lithium from poor or complex ores of underutilised deposits as well as postmining tailings as the basis for the development of future clean energy reference objects is potentially viable lithium projects have been identified in europe from finland in the north through germany austria and czech republic in central europe to spain and portugal in the southwest to cover the needs of the eu battery industry li4life is aim to contribute an ambitious objective to increase the eu domestic supply of local raw materials by at least 5 to upcoming 2030 this is possible by creating an innovative value chain for domestic lithium raw materials li4lifes pathway to this ambition novel processing methods and purification up to batterygrade lithium carbonate to overcome existing barriers namely the lack of a sustainable social licence to operate slo and compliance with strict eu environmental laws
co2mvs research on supplementary observations

to support eu countries in assessing their progress for reaching their targets agreed in the paris agreement the european commission has clearly stated that an objective way to monitor anthropogenic co2 emissions is needed such a capacity will deliver consistent and reliable information to support policy and decisionmaking processes to maintain europes independence in this domain it is imperative that the eu establishes an observationbased operational anthropogenic co2 emissions monitoring and verification support co2mvs capacity as part of its copernicus programme the h2020 projects che and coco2 have already started the rampingup of the co2mvs prototype systems so it can be implemented within the copernicus atmosphere monitoring service cams with the aim to be operational by 2026the corso project will further support establishing the new co2mvs addressing specific research development questions corso will deliver the capabilities at global and local scale to optimally use observations of coemitted species using their emission ratios and uncertainties to better estimate anthropogenic co2 emissions corso will also assess the addedvalue of hightemporal resolution insitu 14co2 and apo observations in global and regional scale inversions and of satellite observations of soil moisture lai sif and biomass in the global co2mvs system to better separate the impact of fossil fuel and biospheric fluxes on the atmospheric co2 concentrations the main longterm impact of corso will come through the delivery of documented methodologies prototype systems and recommendations addressing the identified topics above feeding into the rampingup of the operational co2mvs capacity and therefore ensuring a more comprehensive and accurate cams anthropogenic co2 emission monitoring and verification support capacity
soil microbial fuel cells to 2 power precise irrigation systems

smart agriculture is determined to play a major role to foster water and energy conservation solutions and innovation technologiesshould be aimed at overcoming current technical economic and sustainable barriers the soil2power project focuses ondeveloping a breakthrough power sourcing technology based in microbial fuel cells mfcs that leverage the natural microbialmetabolism processes using organic matter present at the soil to generate electrical energy the consortium will build a controlledelectrogenic biofilm formation by immobilization techniques to increase overall biobattery performance creating a continuousclean safe and maintenancefree energy supply solution by facing relevant challenges throughout the project such as bacterialbehavior startup time conditions or electrode architecture an innovative biological battery of rapid startup and stable highpowersupply will be conducted to control irrigation valves without maintenance and replacementfeasibility and validation of separate components have been already conducted through lab studies and will be the starting point toperform a continuous improvement development during the first stages of the project afterwards a prototype will be tested insimulated environment by the end of year 2 if solution is validated with the whole functions up and running during year 320242025 a complete deployment of marketing and investment strategies will be performed alongside operational environmentvalidation to rate real performance based on real feedback from enduserssoil2power will contribute and ease the transition to develop novel technological solutions by boosting the innovation in cleanenergy solutions industry strengthening human capital biotechnological research innovatinos and eventually enabling the adoptionof sustainable energy solutions in agricultural industry paving the way to a sustainable precise irrigation systems for smartagriculture
sustainable artificial iridocytes for designed visual appearance

visual appearance eg vibrant colouration is important for communication in nature a particularly interesting example is the aggregates of reflector cells or socalled iridocytes found in marine creatures iridocytes are combined in their skin to produce a wide variety of colour effects