Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
growing machines capable of rapid learning in unknown environments

despite major advances in the field of artificial intelligence especially in the field of neural networks these systems still pale in comparison to even simple biological intelligence current machine learning systems take many trials to learn lack commonsense and often fail even if the environment only changes slightly the enormous potential of autonomous machines remains unfulfilled and we still lack robots to fill our dishwashers or go on autonomous searchandrescue missions the grand goal of growai is to create machines with a more general intelligence allowing rapid adaption in unknown situations in stark contrast to current neural networks whose architectures are designed by human experts and whose large number of parameters are optimized directly evolution does not operate directly on the parameters of biological nervous systems instead these nervous systems are grown and selforganize through a much smaller genetic program that produces rich behavioral capabilities right from birth and the ability to rapidly learn neuroscience suggests this genomic bottleneck is an important regularizing constraint allowing animals to generalize to new situations however currently there does not exist a solution to creating a similar system artificially we address this challenge with two ambitious ideas first we will learn genomic bottleneck algorithms instead of manually designing them exploiting recent advances in memoryaugmented deep neural networks that can learn complex algorithms in addition we will cooptimize task generators that provide the agents with the most effective learning environments taking inspiration from the fields of artificial life neurobiology and machine learning we will investigate if algorithmic growth is needed to understand and create intelligence if successful this project will greatly improve the autonomy of machines and significantly increase the range of realworld tasks they can solve
global assessment of grapevine microbiome function to promote sustainable vineyard management

vineyards are integral to supporting the ecology and economy for a sustainable society as they cover a large portion of land worldwide and represent an important source of income for local economies the intensification of viticulture including the excessive use of plowing and agrochemicals has resulted in eroded and biologically impoverished vineyards with associated negative consequences for growers and the environment given these challenges we must now work to restore sustainable biodiversity and ecosystem function while increasing the margin of benefits for growers an important step in this process is to investigate the functional microbiome associated with grapevine roots and leaves because it controls key processes such as pathogenesis symbiosis and nutrient cycling to do so a global collaborative research network has begun to identify the members of the grapevine microbiome bacteria fungi and microfauna the proposed research project funvine would complement microbial community analyses by simultaneously characterizing the microbial functional attributes of grapevines worldwide using advanced shotgun metagenomic approaches funvine will include two major research components to improve our knowledge to help achieve sustainability in vineyard management 1 globalscale functional profiling of the grapevine microbiome and 2 manipulative experimentation to identify the impacts of environmental change on grapevinemicrobiome interactions these research objectives will expand global knowledge of the microbial mechanisms that benefit or inhibit grapevines across environmental gradients including under a major climate changedriven stressor drought overall the funvine project will reveal for the first time the mechanisms of the grapevine microbiome across regions environmental gradients and grape varieties thus providing answers to many of the greatest challenges to healthy productive and sustainable viticulture systems worldwide
consequences of global biodiversity loss and climate change for decomposer communities and implications for forest carbon fluxes

forests play a central role for global carbon cycling and biodiversity yet the unabated continuation of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure on forest resources are altering forest ecosystems by modifying species composition and ecosystem processes increasing temperatures are likely to increase decomposition rates and thus carbon emissions while the opposite effect may be expected from loss of decomposer biodiversity as landuse intensity increases however it remains unknown how climate change and land use interactively shape decomposer communities decomposition rates and carbon fluxes this limits the ability to model the future of the global forest carbon sink as well as of forest policy and management to counteract undesired developments here i will investigate the joint effects of climate change and land use on decomposer communities and carbon fluxes from wood decomposition at the global scale as well as the underlying processes and mechanisms making use of an operating network of 60 research sites on six continents i will study how biodiversitydecomposition relationships and effects of land use change along global climate gradients empirical results will be used to model carbon fluxes from wood decomposition at the global scale and to generate projections of carbon fluxes under different scenarios of forest use and climate change extensive experiments will be conducted both in the field and in walkin climate chambers to identify which facet of biodiversity drives wood decomposition and to unravel the mechanisms behind the climatedependency of biodiversitydecomposition relationships the biocomp project will bring about a new level of understanding of how biodiversity and carbon cycling in forest ecosystems worldwide will change as a result of climate change and land use and it will provide the data and strategies to tackle one of the most pressing challenges of current climate and forest policy
electrical signalling and growth control in zebrafish fin regeneration

the existence of endogenous electric fields in tissues is a fundamental feature for successful morphogenesis and repair processes conserved across species in a regeneration setting wound electric currents can last hours to days even after the wound is closed altering such currents by perturbing its underlying ion flows has been shown to affect organ growth via an increase in proliferative rates therefore electric field directly takes part in regeneration however the relationship between ion flows membrane potential and cell proliferation for driving the regeneration response is not well understoodthis project aims to uncover the dynamic electrical environmental changes that cells are exposed to upon organ damage and how these can be coupled with biochemical signalling towards starting proliferation by using the regenerating zebrafish larval fin as an experimental model i will establish quantitative and interdisciplinary approaches that bridges injury sensing and regeneration dynamics across length and time scales by establishing fast in vivo imaging and electrophysiology assays i will measure the electrical signals in the fin tissue upon injury providing an indepth kinetic analysis of the electric spatiotemporal changes occurring within seconds of injury in parallel i will establish an analytic electrohydraulics model that connects cellbased ionic flows to tissuescale electric field and currents being continuously interwoven with experimental data and the idea of flexoelectricity then i will generate and engineer optogenetic tools to spatiotemporally perturb ionic flows and electrochemical coupling strengths directly testing the hypothesis of ion flowderived electric currents as voltagegated triggers for cell proliferation this combined strategy will provide a firstofthekind quantitative and mechanistic study in the emerging field of bioelectricity
greenincities

in recent decades new planning paradigms have reshaped cities urban regeneration has renovated public spaces redeveloped city centers and established innovation districts smart cities have implemented technological systems such as transport management water and contamination monitoring and energyefficient buildings a new sustainable approach including recycling renaturalization and recovery has emerged in response to the demand for environmental sensitivity in urban planningthese strategies have mainly been applied to wealthy areas to attract tourism and companies repositioning cities in the global economic framework however applying these regeneration strategies smart systems and renaturalization processes to deprived areas is crucial these areas tend to face multiple urban problems such as pollution social and cultural issues lack of services and lowquality built environments and public spaces leading to issues related to liveability functionality quality of life social cohesiveness and physical and mental healthmoreover there is a growing need for climate change adaptation strategies which has led to the implementation of nature based solutions nbs however a new pattern is emerging which considers nature as a stakeholder in itself beyond the ecosystem services it provides innovative technologies such as ai machine learning and immersive realities are also emerging which can enhance the accuracy of information delivery and people engagement greenin cities aims to develop methodologies and tools for collaborative climate mitigation and adaptation urban planning approaches specifically for deprived areas addressing three main challenges improving societal readiness level and awareness of vulnerable groups going beyond classical greening and renaturing interventions and leveraging cuttingedge technologies to enhance cocreation and maximize urban regeneration impacts
novel t cell therapies against lymphocytic leukaemia

chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cll is the most common type of leukaemia globally and can rarely be cured despite recent advances the efficacy of promising autologous t cellbased therapies such as cart technology and bitrispecific antibodies has been disappointing this stems from a t cell dysfunction in this disease setting altered t cell skewing impaired metabolic plasticity and disrupted tcell functioningprof arnon katers group studies alternative activation pathways to overcome t cell dysfunction and stimulate an immune response catch will explore the technical and commercial feasibility of alternative tcell activation through cart and trispecific antibody technologies to reach proofofconcept stage in this project we will 1 validate the efficacy of two applications cart trispecific antibody by achieving tcell activation and killing target cells in invitro cll samples and live specimens 2 perform a thorough ip landscape analysis establish freedomtooperate and define an ip strategy 3 engage with key stakeholders to gather feedback and advise from key perspectives patient clinical industry conduct market research to discover potential customersindustrial partners analyse competitors and identify a feasible roadmap to commercialisation 4 formulate a detailed business case to guide the commercialisation of catch
high performing ultradurable membrane electrode assemblies for trucks

the objective of highlander is to develop membrane electrode assemblies meas for heavyduty vehicles hdv with disruptive novel components targeting stack cost and size durability and fuel efficiency the project will design fabricate and validate the hdv meas at cell and short stack level against heavyduty relevant accelerated stress test and load profile test protocols the unique approach of highlander is to develop core fuel cell components in tandem ensuring their greatest compatibility and lowest interface resistance ionomer and reinforcement catalyst and catalyst support catalyst layer composition and property gradient in tune with the bipolar plate flowfield geometry materials screening efforts will be supported by the development and use of improved predictive degradation models bridging scales from reaction sites to cell level model parameterisation is implemented using experimental characterisation data at materials component and cell level highlander brings together a european supply chain of fuel cell materials and components producers and an oem stack developer that makes this approach possible highlander aims to bring about a significant reduction in stack cost and fuel consumption through improvement of catalyst coated membrane performance and development of a new lower cost singlelayer gas diffusion layer it will aim to achieve the 12 wcm at 065 v performance target at 03 g ptkw or below meeting a lifetime target of 20000 h sustainability considerations include benchmarking of fluorinefree membranes for hdv mea application and reuse of platinum in the context of a circular economy
the concept of teotl a complex approach to the principal religious category of prehispanic central mexico

since the 16th century the polymorphous and overlapping identities of nahua aztec deities have puzzled first the friars carrying out their evangelization project in new spain and later throngs of researchers eager to better understand the prehispanic nahua system of beliefs despite many scholarly efforts today we are still far from satisfactorily apprehending the various intricacies of of the concept of teotl rendering of the nahuatl term teotl as god helpful as it was in the process of cultural translation neither reflects its full semantic scope nor explains ontological and cosmological implications of this notion nevertheless up to this date no one has attempted to embrace this problem bringing together multiple yet complementary perspectives integrated by an innovative set of analytical toolsthe project teotl aims at unfolding the underlying notions of this prehispanic nahua key religious concept by combining its four crucial aspects these are 1 nahua pantheon 2 teotl in relation to other important religious categories such as tonalli nahualli or ixiptla 3 philological analysis of the term teotl in collocations compounds and the discourse of nahuatl texts 4 appropriation of the notion of teotl in colonial nahuatl christian discourseusing the heterogeneous textual and iconographic dataset derived from the wellknown source base teotl will employ a novel combination of research methods at the intersection of traditional ethnohistory religious studies art history philology linguistics and digital humanities network analysis in historical sciences this unexplored research path will lead to a reconceptualization of our approach towards the nahua notion of the sacred and its decolonization also the obtained results may be applicable outside of mesoamerican studies as a model for approaching similar nonwestern cultural and religious phenomena
scenarios and principles for antiferromagnetic recording taming spins coherently and ultrafast

thermodynamics tells us that controlling the magnetic state of media at increasingly higher rates and simultaneously consuming less energy are mutually exclusive this fundamental dilemma has dramatic societal and environmental consequences as data centres are rapidly becoming the biggest consumers of electricity worldwidespartacus proposes to resolve this fundamental dilemma and thereby to inspire conceptually new technology for ultrafast nearly nondissipative data storagestateoftheart data storage and nonvolatile memory are predominantly based on ferromagnets antiferromagnets possess much faster spin dynamics and can sustain bits writing even at thz rates however the lack of a net magnetization in thermodynamic equilibrium requires exceedingly strong magnetic fields to control their magnetic moments this fact has significantly hindered not only applications but even fundamental studies of antiferromagnetismspartacus aims to overcome this fundamental problem and achieve nearly nondissipative and fastest writing of bits at writerewrite rates surpassing the 1 thz landmark using spectrally and temporally tailored laser pulses to pump electronic and phononic states mediating efficient lightspin coupling we will push dielectric antiferromagnets strongly outofequilibrium and explore the susceptibility of spins to external stimuli in this nonequilibrium state spartacus will develop novel ultrafast magnetometers and reveal yet unexplored nonthermodynamic routes to coherently steer spins to a desired bit state coherencemediated ultrafast mechanisms ensure reversible energy transfer to overcome the potential barrier between stable bit states minimizing the increase of entropy and leading to vanishing heat loadalthough spartacus is fundamental in nature its longterm ambition is to shift the paradigm from the conventional slow energy consuming ferro to ultrafast and nearly nondissipative antiferromagnetic data storage
shedding light on threedimensional gene regulation

the orchestration of precise gene expression patterns during differentiation and development is dependent on the cisregulatory elements of the genome which interact and communicate in threedimensional 3d chromatin structures it is not well understood how these interactions are formed and influence gene expression our ability to identify the molecular mechanisms involved is hampered by a lack of tools that provide control over the function of regulatory proteins with high temporal precision and that measure 3d chromatin interactions at high resolution in this project we will overcome these hurdles by utilizing an ultrafast optogenetic system that allows for efficient and reversible nuclear depletion of mammalian proteins upon blue light exposure we will combine this approach with a range of highresolution genomic tools to investigate the contextspecific functions of transcription factors coactivators and architectural proteins throughout erythroid differentiation importantly our setup does not only allow for characterisation of acute protein depletion but also enables us to map the molecular events triggered by restoration of regulatory proteins to the nucleus this unique approach will therefore provide detailed insight into their molecular functions moreover to get a more complete overview of the proteins involved in gene activation we will implement a locusspecific proteomics approach that enables unbiased identification of the proteome of regulatory regions this innovative integrated research program has strong potential to transform our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that shape the genome and drive gene activation during cellular differentiation furthermore it will lead to the development of cuttingedge tools to analyse gene regulation in its 3d context at high temporal and spatial resolution
microbiomederived asthma and allergy protective substances for prevention

asthma and allergies are the epidemic of the 21st century after a sharp rise in prevalence since the middle of the last century asthma is the most common chronic condition for children at school age about every 10th pupil is affected in westernized countries likewise allergic illnesses are very prevalent with 30 50 of the paediatric population being affected currently there is neither cure nor effective prevention however asthma and allergies are illnesses which are largely environmentally determined exposures to the environmental microbiome greatly determine risk and protection from onset of illness in populations of common genetic makeup my team and i have described relevant taxa of the environmental microbiome in the unique farm studies we pioneered very recently we discovered the microbiomederived functional agents conferring protection these epidemiological findings while being scientifically cutting edge cannot be back translated to childrens and their families benefit my vision is thus to move the field of microbiome research forward towards in depth characterization of microbederived metabolite complexes to better understand their associated asthma and allergy protective properties by advancing both the experimental and the human populationbased studies the interdisciplinary aprosus project addresses this research gap the aims are to characterize and synthetize these functional agents aim 1 to understand the underlying mechanisms of protection aim 2 and to validate the findings in the populationbased farm studies aim 3 thereby we will lay the ground for translation into innovative and effective prevention strategies to stop the asthma and allergy epidemic
functional measurements inthekidney to diagnose understand and treat renal tubulopathies

background renal tubulopathies are a large group of genetic disorders that disturb the function of the kidney tubule a major challenge for diagnostics and treatment of magnesium mg2 wasting tubulopathies is absence of functional cell models and tools to study the pathophysiology diagnostics of hereditary mg2 wasting tubulopathies based on genetic screening rather than biological measurements of kidney processes therapy largely depends on oral supplements because therapeutics that target the cause of disease are not available vision in my vision better insights in the cellular functional processes in the kidney are the next essential step forward towards better diagnostics pathophysiological understanding and development of therapy development of functional mg2 transport measurements and innovative use of patientspecific models is required to increase diagnostic yield and to develop therapy aims and approach in this project i aim to develop a urinebased diagnostic approach using scrna sequencing and extracellular vesicle proteomics to provide biological diagnosis of renal tubulopathies using urinederived adult stem cells i will perform the first ever functional studies of ion reabsorption in kidney organoids this approach allows personalized analysis of the pathophysiology as well as patientspecific drug screenings lastly i will be the first to apply intravital multiphoton imaging in mice to measure mg2 reabsorption in the kidney tubule the combination of patientderived organoids and mice models will be used to test novel therapeutics impact and innovation inthekidney establishes the novel concept of biological diagnostics for renal tubulopathies develops for the firsttime patientderived tissue models for functional analysis and introduces intravital ion transport measurements in mice the methodology and approaches in this project will result in the identification of novel therapeutics for mg2wasting tubulopathies