Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
capturing ultrafast electron and ion dynamics in batteries

batteries are attractive candidates for lightweight high capacity mobile energy storage solutions despite decades of research a persistent fundamental knowledge gap prevents batteries from fulfilling their potential because the atomistic mechanisms of charge and ion transfer across interfaces in batteries remain largely unexplored by experimental techniques when charges move the local arrangement of atoms changes in response to the new electronic configuration how these changes occur has a significant impact on how efficiently and how far the charges can move yet the time and length scales are still poorly understood conventional experimental probes used in battery research cannot provide the needed ultrafast time and atomic length scale resolution nor sensitivity to changes in electronic configuration around specific atomic species hence it is currently challenging to unravel the dynamic rearrangement of atoms and ions which accompany electron transfer and in turn govern the charge transfer processesultrabat will close this knowledge gap by pushing further the latest development of ultrabright and ultrafast xray free electron laser xfel scattering and spectroscopy techniques together with visible ultrafast spectroscopy to study charge transfer between different redox centres in lirich layered intercalation compounds and at the solidliquid interface advances in nmr spectroscopy will reveal local ordering and lithium interfacial dynamics on the nanometer scale coupled with predictions of experimental observables from a new framework for atomicscale simulations of the electrochemical interface and transport mechanisms we will reveal phenomena driving diffusion of ions in complex electrode materials this will provide the insight required for transformational approaches to control the redox reactions eg electron transfer that are common to many energyrelated processes including batteries photovoltaics and watersplitting systems
theranostic magnetic nanobased codelivery system for boosting cancer immunotherapy

cancer is a leading cause of death and a major impediment to increasing life expectancy around the globe amongst all skin cancers melanoma is a hardtotreat disease owing to its high potential for metastasis and it remains as one of the most aggressive cancers single therapy is not efficient to tackle metastatic melanoma and a combination of therapies is thus emerging as a necessity to efficiently eradicate all cancer cells recently immunotherapy in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors ici has become a powerful treatment strategy for cancer nevertheless the physical barriers represented by cellular and noncellular components of the tumour microenvironment combined with immune escape mechanisms of cancer hamper an efficient tumour infiltration and patients responsiveness to ici therapy in this context multitheranostic aims to develop theranostic nanoparticles for gene therapymediated immune checkpoint silencing and chemotherapy exploiting the properties of magnetic nanoparticles to induce damage locally on the tumour microenvironment by magnetic hyperthermia mh this multimodal theranostic approach incorporating mri tracking is versatile as it could be also applied to other types of solid tumours multitheranostic objectives are i to synthetize and validate a biocompatible magnetic lipid nanoparticle nps incorporating silencing rna against ici targets and chemotherapy wp1 wp2 ii to develop a tissueengineered te model for screening and monitoring the efficacy of the nps wp3 and ii to demonstrate the effectiveness of the final drug delivery system as a multimodal theranostic approach for metastatic melanoma wp4 with multitheranostic the researcher will greatly expand her scientific expertise in the fields of nanotechnology and bioengineering positioning her as a leading independent researcher contributing to the advancement of nanomedicine in europe and beyond
the future of eu digital investments throughout the value chain

the ambition with the proposal is holding a conference to foster an early and inclusive european discussion on the future role framework and prioritization of eu digital investments this in order to have a qualified and informed policymaking in view of upcoming legislative proposals aligned with the priorities of the next european commission 20252029 and informed by existing eu programmes horizon europe and digital europe concretely this will take the form of discussions of the inspiring and relevant topics both policy discussions as well as implementation issues an interactive approach with debates digitally enabled polls during sessions and networking opportunities livestream and recordings of the sessions together with a conference report will give the conference reach in the entire eu
multiscale mechanobiological synergies in vascular homeostasis ageing and rejuvenation

whilst 30 of eu citizens will be over 65 and 10 over 80 by 2050 the healthspan accounts for only 80 of the total life expectancy according to eurostat due to the high prevalence of disabling diseases related to the ageinduced arterial stiffening the current paradigm in medicine is to palliate these diseases with sophisticated devices in juventwin i propose a complete shift of paradigm by combatting the mechanobiological effects of vascular ageing vascular rejuvenation faces many challenges that have only been explored by molecular biologists my ambition is to address these challenges with a highrisk approach relying on multiscale digital twins and enabling to simulate and screen effective rejuvenation treatments my hypothesis already supported by preliminary results is that this can be achieved by doping the synergistic effects of mechanoregulation in human arteries which are gradually compromised with vascular ageing juventwins four specific objectives are 1 decipher how ageing affects cell phenotypes and the signalling pathways of mechanoregulation 2 assess the effects of ageing on the mechanical interactions between cells and their matrix 3 simulate computationally the multiscale synergies participating to patientspecific vascular mechanoregulation and finally 4 take the control of mechanobiology in aged arteries using small molecule inhibitors and cell mechanical stimulations with my team we will reach these objectives by developing two completely novel methodologies a 4d highresolution strain mapper and a micromechanical computational model simulating the dynamical interactions of 100000 vascular cells in patientspecific arteries our interdisciplinary approach combining digital spatial transcriptomics laser interferometry and neural networks will be of very highgain for discovering therapies against the adverse mechanobiological effects of vascular ageing potentially reaching the preclinical stage at the horizon 2030
imprinting and clonality of human nk cell memory

the pool of innate immune effector cells is wired to rapidly respond to pathogens whereas only few specificities within the nave adaptive repertoire expand clonally undergo epigenetic remodelling and differentiate into effector and memory cells however innate cells can differentiate upon pathogen encounter and remember past experiences as well thereby challenging this strict dichotomy in particular us and others have shown that human memory natural killer nk cells with global epigenetic remodelling can be generated in response to specific signals during cytomegalovirus cmv infection we have recently identified two major types of open chromatin domains in human memory nk mnk cells ex vivo first a shared signature featured by all mnk cells across cmvseropositive donors public memory second a diverse set of unique open chromatin regions associated with the drastic expansions of individual and stable nk cell clones private memory based on this unexpected finding we hypothesise that the shared and the unique clonal memory might provide mnk cells with increased fitness and high effector potential but also enhance the risk of oncogenic mutationsthe ultimate goal of this project is to identify the signals and molecular mechanisms driving acquisition selection and maintenance of human nk cell public and private clonal memory to this end we will combine multiomic single cell assays and lineage tracing of human nk cells from healthy donors and patients ex vivo or under various stimuli in vitro with genomewide crispr perturbation studies to directly link ex vivo features with functional read outs success of this project will not only lead to new insights into the key networks promoting persistence and effector functions of mnk cells but also reveal promising novel targets for cellular antitumour therapies
offshore freshened groundwater prospecting using machine learning

offshore freshened groundwater ofg refers to fluids stored in sediment pores and rock fractures below the seafloor with a salinity lower than seawater this phenomenon has been identified globally in continental margins and proposed as a resource that can potentially alleviate water stress in coastal regions however the scarcity of data to constrain the distribution and volumes of the reservoirs remains a challenge optimal project aims to i develop an interdisciplinary methodology to predict the occurrence and distribution of ofg resources built on artificial intelligence and ii apply the model globally to infer ofg occurrence and quantify the resource feasibility as a function of distribution characteristics such as offshore extent depth below the seafloor and fresh to brackish water ratio the proposed methodology uses a surrogate model to create a dataset of input parameters representing key geological and geomorphological components influencing ofg systems such as aquitard thickness and seafloor bathymetry the output data will be generated via numerical simulation of variabledensity groundwater transport on the suite of surrogate models using highperformance computing these data will be used to train and test machine learning algorithms the successful models will be validated using realworld data from the existing global ofg database the predictive model proposed in this fellowship contributes to achieving sustainable development goals related to technologies for improving access to water resources the primary beneficiary of this funding will be the university of malta partner organizations will be utrecht university and deltares in the netherlands the action presents a unique opportunity for the fellow to transfer his expertise in stochastic reservoir modelling and characterization of ofg systems to the host while learning about marine geology seafloor landforms and applied machine learning
personalized noninvasive neuromodulation in pain

chronic pain cp is the most prevalent disease worldwide and is a major societal challenge different people with the same pain condition experience it differently irrespective of its origin cp is maintained by altered connectivity between brain regions which can be modulated towards normality by effective treatment several pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies exist to treat pain but 40 of individuals remain symptomatic despite treatment current treatment for cp is not personalised being delivered in a standardised regimen irrespective of patients brain network status which partially justifies therapeutic refractoriness noninvasive neuromodulation nin techniques such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rtms are used in the longterm treatment of a wide spectrum of brain disorders as an alternative to medicationexclusive regimens nin can modulate altered connectivity towards normal patterns and relieve symptoms with minimal side effects but to date its application has also been nonindividualized which equally impacts its therapeutic potential i propose a comprehensive package of studies using measurements of localtoglobal brain connectivity to individualize pain treatment by probing different brain regions by single pulsetms and reading the subsequent brain oscillatory responses by electroencephalography one can screen potential treatment targets and classify them according to their efficacy potential in a pretreatment session this will allow the identification of the best cortical region to be used as treatment target by rtms thus providing a personalized choice of the ideal entryspot to drive brain global connectivity towards normalized patterns for each patientwith the development localtogeneral brain connectivity metrics guiding nin treatment personinpain will provide an innovative and groundbreaking approach to transform the treatment the worlds most impactful health condition chronic pain
scaling minima ultralow energy computing technology to make intelligent wireless devices energy efficient

number of wireless devices is growing rapidly today there are 30 billion wireless devices in circulation like our smartphones however by 2035 there will be 1 trillion of these wireless devices in circulationnearly each of these devices has a brain called a microprocessor unlike brains their energy efficiency leaves a lot to be desired this is why minima exists we make microprocessors consume radically less energy using our ultralow computing technology this makes wireless intelligent devices energy efficientour patented technology consists of hardware software components that are directly integrated into microprocessors prior to manufacturing this enhances performance energy efficiency of wireless devices that power the internet of everything that are often tasked with collecting analysing data directly at the sourcethis allows us to enter the 63 billion semiconductor market and change the markets energy consumption from the inside out
inadequate migration of leishmaniainfected macrophages the driver of parasite dissemination

leishmania parasites a threat to 350 million people worldwide are transmitted by sand flies and reside predominantly intracellularly in macrophages leishmania species can remain local cutaneous leishmaniasis or spread throughout the tissue and body mucocutaneousvisceral leishmaniasis this is the difference between a mild illness or a deadly disease and the fundamental mechanisms behind these different clinical manifestations are largely unknown as leishmania parasites seem immobile following their delivery into the skin and are rapidly phagocytosed it has been hypothesised that dissemination is driven by host cell migration in a speciesdependent manner specifically previous studies showed that leishmania species causing visceral infections typically enhance macrophage motility while species linked to cutaneous lesions slow down infected macrophages however few studies have directly compared migration of parasitised macrophages across multiple leishmania species and it remains unclear which host migration pathways leishmania manipulates we want to test the hypothesis that different leishmania species alter integrindependent and independent macrophage migration modes in distinct ways to control dissemination through the dermis and across endothelial barriers using human skin equivalents cell deformability assays and two and threedimensional migration assays we will measure changes in migration dynamics of leishmaniainfected macrophages additionally we will perform drug inhibitor and crispr screens targeting macrophage genes to identify host pathways essential for migration of parasitised macrophages to dissect speciesrelated differences this study will use species causing visceral mucocutaneous and cutaneous leishmaniasis the results will give insights into leishmania dissemination mechanisms thereby facilitating future designs of new therapeutics aimed at controlling inadequate migration of infected macrophages
nanoscintillators to potentiate brain cancer radiotherapy from physics to preclinical trials

more than 50 of cancer patients undergo radiation therapy rt in the course of their treatment however because of a lack of specificity for tumor tissues delivering therapeutically effective doses of x rays with tolerable toxicity on healthy tissues remains a challenge glioblastoma multiforme gbm the most common primary brain cancer in adults has a dismal prognosis despite an aggressive standardofcare developing new strategies to improve the therapeutic index of rt is therefore of major importance the aim of this project is to comprehensively study the multifaceted radiotherapeutic effect of nanoscintillators ns and determine how to harness these effects to improve the therapeutic index of rt by converting highenergy photons such as xrays into uvvisible photons ns can augment rt by various effects these include radiation dose enhancement radioluminescenceinduced photodynamic therapy and dna damage generated by uvradioluminescence this project has three main objectives 1 to elucidate the physical and photochemical origins of the radiotherapeutic effects of ns using spectroscopic studies to identify the reactive oxygen species and dna lesions generated upon xrays 2 to study the biological impact of the ns on 3d models and in syngeneic rat models of gbm 3 to develop an in silico program that simulates the efficacy of prospective ns and studies the impact of their composition size and morphology this will tailor future ns to specific malignancies with distinct biological properties with this innovative methodology and an interdisciplinary approach that ranges from physics to biology this project will provide groundbreaking fundamental knowledge on the radiotherapeutic effects of ns that may lead to highly valuable and clinically translatable therapies in the longterm this strategy may be tailored for pancreatic and metastatic ovarian cancers for which the multifaceted enhancement of rt efficacy by ns may be of great interest
developing a frameworkmodel to environmentally sustainable and climate neutral health and care systems using the kidney care pathway

current measures in healthcare systems are insufficient to reach the eu green deal goals the social economic and clinical consequences are significant reasons that current initiatives fall short include lack of awareness as to the problem or potential solutions there is complexity as to what process to choose the low cost the low carbon the one that provides better care or the one which has the better social impact the current system has insufficient investment in sustainable education policy or research solutions work well in limited areas but are inefficient as a model for true systemic change there is no agreed system of environmental foot printing in the health system and few partnerships with industry and patients to develop a truly sustainable system kidney care is a suited test case with its large resource footprint and welldefined care pathways kitnewcares consortium will solve the problem with leading experts in kidney care life cycle assessment methodology education dissemination and communication health economics and data management kitnewcare will perform an euwide mapping of the sustainability landscape to reveal the hotspots across different clinical centres in each impact area to locate solutions quality improvement cycles will be utilised to analyse clinical pathways and industry innovations kitnewcare will codevelop and pilot sustainable tools such as the purposefully developed actionable dashboard based on the 4factor lca model which will monitor and benchmark the 4 different outcomes innovative solutions training guidelines and recommendations as a proof of concept which can then be applied to the healthcare system our work will be informed by a stakeholder interaction and a patient and public involvement programme to ensure proper design uptake dissemination and exploitation this will enable decision makers and healthcare providers to reduce pollution carbon emissions and waste
an ecological history of eurasian art natural resources aesthetic practices and early modern globalization

works of art are repositories of environmental knowledge paintings sculptures and artifacts preserve material evidence of the use of natural resources like mineral pigments plantbased dyes and precious metals and contribute to a visual archive of human interaction with nature by providing pictorial records of mining and deforestation ecoart aims to rewrite art history as a history of ecological interconnections and prove that aesthetic practices were conditioned by environmental circumstances by examining the artistic use and visual representation of geographical geological botanical zoological and climatic resources across eurasia a space dominated by european and chinese economic spheres of influence in an era of early modern globalization from 1500 to 1800 the project investigates six key artistic sites with a focus on the global south an area still affected by the colonial exploitation of resources the indian region of gujarat and the port cities of manila in the philippines jakarta in indonesia guangzhou in china yangon in myanmar and amsterdam in the netherlands with three objectives 1 to analyze works of art as early modern repositories of environmental knowledge 2 to reconstruct local ecologies of art and artisanship in the global south in relation to trade and colonial exploitation and 3 to make visible transcultural models of sustainability and creative reuse across early modern eurasia digital mapping will demonstrate linkages between sites of artistic activity resource extraction and trade via overland and maritime connections through a geographic focus on underresearched regions of the global south and its transcultural and comparative methodology ecoart will contribute to the decolonization of art history provide theoretical insights into circular economies and the ecology of art and contribute key historical information to an interdisciplinary understanding of natural resource conflicts during the anthropocene
enhanced interfaces and train categories for dynamic compatibility assessment of european railway bridges

the shift to more sustainable mobility systems is one of the major priorities to accomplish the goals established by the european green deal to make europe the first climate neutral continent by 2050 railways plays a crucial role in this regard but it is essential to enhance the current resilience and capacity of the network in particular from lifeline structures such as bridgeswithin this regard several open points affecting the current inf tsi and described in the era technical note are yet to be closed namely those related to the dynamic train categories previously specified in en152282015 and the limits of validity of the static compatibility checks currently stipulated en152282021 the accuracy of the current dynamic amplification factors and damping values for railway bridges proposed in en1991 2 2003 and the validity of the deck acceleration limits imposed by en1990annex a2 2005 in both new and existing bridgesinbridge4eu aims to answer these points through the formulation of an enhanced and harmonized method to assess the european dynamic interface between railway bridges and rolling stock the outcomes of this project will provide solid background to the guidance being drafted within the centc250sc1 special group dibrst for dynamics of bridges finally as a consequence the economic outcomes of changing any of the aforementioned criteriaparametersmethodologies in the current european railway bridge landscape will be carefully assessed all the research carried out in inbridge4eu will converge on recommendations to era and cen for revising and updating the current version of the tsis and eurocodes advanced numerical modelling and dynamic analyses of both bridge and railway vehicles together with the development of extensive databases of bridge and rolling stock data obtained from the different partners of the consortium will contribute to the successful achievement of the projects objectives