Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
european development of a first commercial bionic vestibular implant for vestibular dysfunction 2

in this project we present a solution to restore balance and prevent falls through vestibular implantation and electrical stimulation of the otolith organ worldwide about 684000 individuals die from falls each year and 373 million falls require medical attention the medical cost for treating falls in the eu is approximately 25 billion euros each year this number can be expected to go up since the elderly population is growing one of the most important causes of falling is vestibular dysfunction therefore restoration of the vestibular function may revolutionize this field because it offers a whole new treatment paradigm the foundation of vestibular dysfunction treatment was laid during the bionicvest h2020 fetopen project funded by the eu this fetopen project obtained spectacular results and showed that the successful restoration of vestibular function through electrical stimulation of the otolith organ is possible where there was no suitable treatment before balance improvement and even restoration is feasible the result of this first bionicvest fetopen project was a proofofprinciple on humans with a prototype otolith vestibular implant to unlock the full commercial potential of this vestibular restorative therapy the new bionicvest2 project will focus on the path to commercialization of the bionicvest implant this requires improvements in the implant technology to achieve its full potential on the market a pivotal clinical trial will have to be run with the new device to provide evidence for the safety and efficacy of the final implant as well as gather data for health economics further novel diagnostic clinical tools will be developed to identify the patients that can benefit from this technology promptly indepth market research and an elaborated business case should confirm that the vestibular implant will bring the longawaited solution for vestibular disorders and ameliorate the enormous societal impact of this problem
integrating multiscale modeling of metal printing with advanced calibration and characterization techniques

binder jetting bj is an emerging additive manufacturing am technology with greater flexibility on material selection and reduced residual stresses than fusionbased am technologies however a deeper comprehensive understanding of the multiphase and multiscale phenomena involved in bj is essential for its successful adoption in this proposal we will delve into the intricate mechanisms of bj through the combination of various computational methods and the application of advanced statistical analyses our primary objective is to develop a robust computational framework that will facilitate a more precise comprehension of how the different stages of the bj process interact employing different numerical methods including discrete element method for the simulation of the powder spreading stage and the phase field for the curing and sintering stage the combination of these different techniques will enable us to unravel the complex interplay of factors at different scales leading to a comprehensive understanding of the process kinetics moreover the accuracy and reliability of the computational models will be ensured by the use of a customdesigned bayesian calibration framework that will leverage existing collaborations industrial partners and advanced 3d xray characterization to obtain the required experimental data once completed the calibrated computational framework will enable us to optimize critical parameters of the process eg binder viscosity layer thickness powder properties focusing on two highimpact steels 316l and 174 ph our project will advance the stateoftheart in bj technology by providing a comprehensive computational framework and bridge the gap between theory and practice this framework will not only enhance our understanding of the process but also enable us to drastically reduce the occurrence of defects paving the way for the widespread adoption of binder jetting in critical applications
2d materialbased non volatilephotonic synapsis for ultralow energy neural networks

neuromorphic computing is expected to have a transformative impact by exploiting the brain like computations during the last two decades neuromorphic computing has been implemented on electronics with the most important circuit element capable of best mimicking neurons and synapses that is the memristor yet constructing a highly interconnected networks of memristors to resemble biological architecture requires metal wires with extremely scaled area that results in an immense heat generation and power consumption hindering the neuromorphic electronics development recently the new field of neuromorphic photonics has attracted a lot of interest as a valid alternative in neuromorphic photonics the network connections are made of optical waveguide that provides inherent parallelism ultra low latency and almost zero power dissipation however neuromorphic photonic will only meet its expectation as a groundbreaking technology when an ideal photonic memristor is available the ideal photonic memristor currently missing should adjust the amplitude of transmitted light in a nonvolatile and analog manner not via light absorption but through light phase change to minimize the synapsis insertion losses in this project i will demonstrate the low loss photonic memristor by innovative exploitation of energy band alignment and refractive index modulation of 2dimensional 2d material heterostructures i will embed the 2d heterostructure within a photonic integrated mach zehnder interferometer to showcase the nonvolatile optical phase shifting with 110 fj energy consumption per bit this project will conduct interdisciplinary research across lightmatter interaction that requires contributions from materials science physics photonics and electronics positive outcome of this action will lead to a breakthrough in the development of neuromorphic photonics thus a revolution in various aspects of smart human societies that rely on high throughput data computation
the ultra thin flexible lightweight and endless scalable video foil for dynamic ambient lighting and outdoor displays

there is a huge demand for dynamic digital displays and lighting solutions of surfaces indoor and outdoor in automotive transportation aviation and health but stateoftheart solutions are either limited to single color lighting with no individual control of led pixels or they are expensive heavy limited in size shape curvature and difficult to installlightntec is a leading innovator in europe for light and its control on ultrathin films and will exploit this business opportunity ledtecflex is ultrathin malleable flat large in scale applicable indoors and outdoors and digital any size any shape any place ultrathin ultralightweight the technology offers a huge application potential as video foil in digitaloutofhome dooh for medical illumination in healthcare and for dynamic ambient lighting in trains planes vehicles and buildings the eic blended finance will enable lightntec to internationally deploy ledtecflex and become the next eic success
nanopore sequencing of cellfree dna for the sensitive detection molecular profiling and monitoring of childhood cancers

paediatric cancer is the leading cause of death in children post infancy in the western world the integration of highthroughput molecular profiling is now urgently needed to guide clinical decisionmaking and treatment stratification however access to adequate tumour material for genomic profiling remains highly challenging particularly in children with refractory cancers due to sampling difficulties and small sample volumes the analysis of cellfree dna cfdna from liquid biopsies for the detection of circulating tumour dna ctdna could offer a powerful minimally invasive alternative to tumour profiling thus circumventing sampling limitations however current ctdna approaches have limited specificity and sensitivity and their clinical implementation is hindered by poor scalability and high costs associated with conventional sequencing technologies in contrast emerging nanopore sequencing platforms have faster turnaround times are more affordable and significantly smaller than conventional sequencers making them easy to deploy and implement in healthcare settings however their utility for cfdna analyses remains largely unexplored here using available data and liquid biopsy samples from 500 children with cancer i will develop computational tools for the detailed analysis of cfdna nanopore sequencing data by harnessing nanopores ability to sequence native dna thus allowing the detection of mutational dna alterations and epigenetic modifications from the same assay i will a establish highly sensitive and specific approaches for the detection and molecular profiling of ctdna b develop methylationbased disease classifiers for accurate diagnosis and treatment stratification and c evaluate the clinical utility of cfdna nanopore sequencing to monitor treatment response and detect cancer relapse the clinical implementation of these approaches could therefore significantly improve disease management and outcomes for children with cancer
landslide and avalanche mechanics with multiphysical data

landslides and avalanches jointly cause approximately 150 deaths and 49 billion economic losses each year with the impacts predicted to become more severe due to climate change mitigation and prevention of disasters requires accurate predictions of these phenomena which due to their scale is only achievable via modelling and simulation accurate models of landslides in permafrost or avalanches must account for microscale 1mm processes such as cracks and shear bands that also involve thermal and hydrological effects that will be exacerbated by climate change such models do not currently exist further this level of refinement is not computationally viable when modelling an entire mountainside and so a new approach must be adoptedthis project will 1 develop new models for permafrost and snow subject to climatechangeinduced loadings 2 use the new datadriven mechanics framework to transfer information from these models to the scale of the mountainside and 3 simulate the effects of climate change on the montblanc massif at chamonix this will combine the researchers experience with shear band models with the supervisors expertise in crack models and optimisation techniques a secondment at a group specialising in simulating landslides and avalanches will provide the expertise to implement the simulation on a real mountainside this interdisciplinary project will ideally set the researcher for a career in academia in europe while benefiting the community at chamonix in particular the guides association as they will be able to plan adaptations and mitigations for the effects of climate change ensuring their tourism industry remains viable specialised multiphysical models that are adapted to permafrost and snow will advance the stateoftheart significantly and the implementation of optimisation techniques in datadriven mechanics has wide applicability throughout civil and mechanical engineering geology and environmental science
enabling personalised diagnosis treatment and stratification through wholebody metabolic modelling of an individuals genome metabolome and metagenome

the increasing availability of wholegenome sequences will ultimately transform medicine into personalised medicine to realise this potential we need to understand which of the millions of genetic variants in a persons genome can alter a phenotype genomewide association studies gwas have associated many genetic variants with thousands of phenotypic traits metabolomics has further informed gwas however these methods do generally not consider the biochemical network connecting genetic variants with the metabolic phenotype additionally extrinsic factors such as diet and the microbiome also modulate the metabolic phenotype a computational systems approach is required to untangle this complex interplay in avatar i shall develop and apply a novel mechanistic computational modelling framework that will significantly expand cuttingedge computational models of wholebody metabolism the novel in silico models will mechanistically describe the network of genetic variants genes proteins and biochemical reactions as well as underlying physiological processes that are influenced by microbial and nutrient metabolism i shall devise a novel algorithm to predict phenotypically relevant genetic variants based on a persons genome and metabolome the validated algorithm and the modelling framework shall then be used for two distinct biomedical proofofconcept studies the diagnosis and dietbased treatment of inherited metabolic diseases and the metabolic pathwaybased stratification of individuals with cognitive impairment avatar will enable novel insights into the genotypephenotypeenvironment relationship by enabling systematic mechanismbased analyses of genetic variants diet and the microbiome this groundbreaking innovative multidisciplinary project will influence precision medicine by providing a personalisable modelling analysis framework that may ultimately provide a foundation for computerguided diagnosis and treatment strategies
panicocene reframing climate changeinduced mobilities

news media framing is a critical yet frequently underestimated contributor to the social and cultural perception of climate changeinduced migration ccim the research project proposes to explore how us and italian printed and online news media have represented ccim over the past 20 years which is identified as a crucial timeframe during which discourses and narratives on ccim have significantly intensified and changed and to understand if and how news media and activists rely on research in ccim it specifically delves into the nature and structures of such narratives especially in terms of stereotyping this project wants to move away from a conceptualisation of the relation between climate change and mobilities in exceptional terms that still is dominant in media ngo advocacy and in some policy and academic circles the overall goals of this project are firstly to identify and analyze the ways by which news media may lead to stereotyping ccim in the context of major environmental disasters and with reference to the covid19 pandemic thus impacting perceptions of readerships general audiences and ultimately policymaking and secondly to investigate and possibly foster through the creation of a platform a collaboration between activists journalists and academics in ccim issues beliving the power of representation is central to a climate mobility regime and using mobility justice as an analytical lens panicocene would like to move beyond alarming and uncertain narratives on ccim which might increase uncertainty in public understanding of the issue and to find new and alternative ways to frame it and to disseminate research outside the academia in media debates
deciphering and exploiting ferroptosis regulatory mechanism in cancer

ferroptosis is a cell death modality triggered by the accumulation of oxidised lipids a process known as lipid oxidation and associated with a multitude of pathological conditions including ageing neurodegeneration and cancer on the flip side recent studies demonstrated that targeting pathways contributing to the prevention or repair of oxidised lipids is a powerful strategy to eradicate therapeutically challenging entities including neuroblastoma a pediatric malignancy reported to be remarkably sensitive to ferroptosis however therapeutic breakthroughs targeting this pathway are elusive due to our incomplete understanding of the factors controlling this process deciferr will address this critical knowledge gap and identify strategies to trigger ferroptosis this will be accomplished by discovering and characterising novel mechanisms regulating the stability of key ferroptosis suppressors thus providing opportunities to develop tailored strategies to target ferroptosissensitive entitiesthis project rests on our pioneering works identifying two major break systems operating against lipid peroxidation glutathione peroxidase 4gpx4 and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 fsp1 in aim 1 using a combination of novel cellular model and targetoriented phenotypic screens we will characterise and target pathways involved in selenocysteine uptake mobilisation and recycling which we found essential for the stability of selenoproteins including gpx4 in aim 2 we will dissect metabolic and cellular states that determine the antioxidant capacity of membranes via fsp1dependent mechanisms using a combination of cellular systems and functional genetic screens deciferr will lead to a comprehensive understanding of how ferroptosis is orchestrated and will expand the druggable inventory providing innovative strategies that will be put to test and could ultimately pave the way for efficacious therapies against malignancies that still defy current treatments
experiments for validation and enhancement of the reactor pressure vessel fluence assessment

the safety of a nuclear reactor relies heavily on modelling in the last two decades making use of the increased computer power available advanced multiphysics solvers have been developed to reduce the level of conservatism when simulating pressurized water reactors these tools rely on a firstprinciples based approach and produce solutions with a much finer spatial resolution however they are seldom used in practice due to amongst other things the lack of dedicated experimental data for validation especially when it comes to their improved spatial resolutionthe everest project intends to address this issue by quantifying the impact of using advanced mp models for the modelling of a vver reactor usefulness
highpressure anion exchange membrane electrolyzers for largescale applications

the hypraem project aims to develop a disruptive anion exchange membrane electrolyzer aemel stack and bop layout capable of producing hydrogen directly at 100 barg enabling direct integration into the thermochemical industry the 100 kw100 bar aemel stack with an active area of 500 cm2 will be demonstrated for 3000 h under both continuous and discontinuous operation at the site of an end user integrating wind solar batteries and hypraems electrolyzer to push the aemel technology to trl 5 the stack will operate at a nominal current density of 2 acm2 at 175 v per cell with an efficiency of 85 corresponding to an energy consumption of 469 kwhkg the proposed stack will include consortiumdeveloped crmfreelean electrocatalysts 0005 mgw highperformance reinforced aem membranes separately optimized ionomers for cathode and anode and microstructure optimized porous transport layers and membrane electrode assemblies mea all components will be optimized for high differential pressure operation and durability exploiting the consortiums unique capabilities for high pressure testing round robin testing and harmonization between all partner testing facilities will be carried out to ensure consistency and interoperability specific ast protocols will be developed and validated within the project to assess and optimize degradation characteristics of specific components within the mea and the stacks multiphysics models and a digital twin for the 100 kw stack will be developed to further aid the understanding and optimization of the component and stack design and to support the operation of the system sustainability and recycling aspects will be addressed and comprehensive technoeconomic and life cycle assessments will be conducted dissemination and exploitation will be proactively pursued to maximize the impact of the developments within hypraem
structural and metabolic connection in oceanic plastid symbioses

singlecelled marine plankton that sustain oceanic food webs and strongly impact the global carbon cycle can establish various kinds of symbioses to gain energy plastid symbiosis whereby host cells temporarily integrate microalgal cells photosymbiosis or just their photosynthetic plastids kleptoplastidy as intracellular solarpowered carbon factories is a key interaction in worldwide surface oceans plastid symbiosis was at the origin of a major evolutionary innovation that spread photosynthesis across eukaryotes transforming the biosphere despite this ecological and evolutionary importance very little is known about how a photosynthetic machinery is structurally and metabolically integrated into a host cell and what mechanisms allow cells to transport sugars the main photosynthetic product and energetic currency the central concept of symbiocean is that plastid symbiosis forms a metabolic unit where the source engulfed microalgaeplastid is metabolically engineered by the sink host to produce and transfer carbon energy working with original nonmodel symbiotic systems i will develop novel imaging and genetic tools to mechanistically dissect this key metabolic interaction at different scales combining multimodal subcellular imaging and photophysiology i will first unveil how the photosynthetic machinery is morphologically and metabolically remodeled in symbiosis to provide benefits to the host i will then investigate the identity localization and role of sugar transporters underlying the sourcesink carbon flux in plastid symbiosis providing the basis to evaluate the evolutionary and environmental forces that shape the metabolic connection crossing boundaries between structural biology ecophysiology and evolution this ambitious project will resolve fundamental mechanisms in widespread planktonic symbioses advancing our understanding of the functioning and carbon flux of marine ecosystems
chiralinduced spin selectivity effect

chirality is often considered as a structural properties of molecules but the concept also applies to elementary particles having a nonzero spin ie electrons at rest are achiral but they acquire a helicity chirality in the direction of motion consequently electrons are filtered according to their spin when crossing chiral materials this newly uncovered chiralinduced spin selectivity ciss effect is surprisingly large spin polarization up to 100 has been demonstrated paving the way to multiple applications in chemistry such as improved control of enantioselective reactions and easier separation of enantiomers impacts are also expected in physics spintronics and biology molecular recognition of biomolecules origin of biohomochirality magnetic compass of migratory songbirds ciss effect is theoretically illdefined sound structureproperty relationship lacks also for the link between molecule chirality and ciss effect magnitude cisse proposal intends to contribute to a giant leap forward in the knowledge of ciss effect by putting together some of the best european american and israeli experts of the field who will work towards its fundamental understanding to this end members of the cisse consortium have been selected for their expertise and complementarities encompassing synthetic chemistry electrochemistry surface science biophysical chemistry quantum chemistry nanoscience industrial processes analytical chemistry and scientific instrument developments importantly some beneficiaries have filled the first patent applications on ciss effect and have started to valorize them considerable scope for new discoveries and invention remains because the field of ciss effect is still in its infancy the topic is particularly suited to educate esrs because of its novelty and potential to gain a different perspective on their research activities esrs will also contribute to an artistic creation highlighting spin and chirality