Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
common envelope transients progenitors precursors and properties of their outbursts

common envelope evolution cee is a crucial phase in binary evolution as it is responsible for the formation of many of the most exciting systems in astrophysics including sources of gravitational waves despite its importance there are several unanswered questions that hamper the urgently needed progress in this field what systems enter cee what happens during cee how the cee remnants evolve recently a new type of astrophysical transients called luminous red novae lrne has emerged as direct observational evidence of the dynamical ejection of the ce in binaries my work on their progenitor systems and their late time evolution has shown their potential to study the initial and final state of binary systems entering cee the imminent start of operations of the large transient surveys blackgem and lsst provides a unique opportunity to bring cee observational studies to the next level with lrne population studies the aim of this project is to study the different stages of cee in massive binaries using observations of extragalactic lrne the sample will contain 30 transients within 15 mpc from massive binary progenitors with hst archival data my team will use a novel transient selection strategy to identify a fraction of these lrne years before their main outburst and study the extensive mass loss leading to coalescense novel observational and modelling techniques in optical and infrared wavelengths will allow me to derive the energetics chemistry dust content and the geometry of the outbursts my study will provide the so needed evidence of the physical processes that occur before during and after the ejection of the ce in massive binary systems the characteristics of their progenitors and their rate in our local universe this will in turn have fundamental impact on several fields of astrophysics such as binary population synthesis simulations of cee and understanding of mass transfer in the progenitor systems
a multiscale approach to unsaturated flow in porous media with preisach hysteresis

experimental evidence indicates that fluid filtration through unsaturated porous media exhibits a hysteretic behavior originating at a microscopic level from surface tension at the point of contact between water and air in the pores as a result the pressuresaturation constitutive relation turns out to be of hysteresis type accurately described with the preisach operator by a thorough fitting procedurethe main objective of the mulphys project is to expand the knowledge about preisach hysteresis for fluid filtration and build new mathematical models for unsaturated porous media employing a multiscale approachthe suitability of the preisach operator in describing the hysteretic behavior of unsaturated porous solids sparked an intense research effort in the community of experts in pdes with hysteresis with the goal of including the preisach operator in mathematical models in these endeavors the presence of a microstructure was neglected with the approach being directly macroscopic another branch of research has considered porous media as objects with a microstructure and has derived the macroscopic description of fluid flow from local behavior in this body of research however porous media are often assumed to be completely saturated so that no hysteresis can occurwith mulphys we will fill the gap between these two research areas employing homogenization techniques to provide a justification of the preisach operator as the correct tool for describing filtration particular attention will be paid to including gravity effects and understanding solidliquid interactions at the microscopic level numerical simulations and experimental data will be instrumental in achieving these objectivespotential applications in the preservation of historic buildings are foreseen thus addressing a european priority and implying significant impact not only for the scientific community but also for the professional sectors and society as a whole
quantum inspired valuation of circular real estate

quival will train a new generation of professionals who can develop and apply an innovative climateaware approach to real estate value and valuation aimed at achieving the european aim of becoming co2 neutral before 2050 this is highly needed because the real estate industry is one of the biggest polluting industries that urgently needs to reduce its emissions value and valuation are some of the big drivers of investment decisions and project realisation that shape this industry in practice value and valuation are based on the potential future income generation of real estate without considering environmental and societal values which become practically urgent and relevant with new eu rules and regulations eg esg and sfrd reporting despite this urgency limited scholarly work exists to understand the value of real estate that is co2 neutral throughout its life cycle including production operation dismantling and reusequival conceptualises value and valuation as metaphorical synonyms to quantum mechanics and tests proposed changes in real estate applications quival responds to recent theoretical calls to consider quantum mechanical notions in financial tools and techniques and as a first of its kind conceives this as a design research to explore the merits of quantum mechanical notions to pursue circular real estate this enables value to be understood as a multifaceted phenomenon and valued by observing it in its fluid appearance in the market it is expected that tools and techniques with this comprehension and sensitivity enable new governance and policies to more intrinsically motivate future investments in circular real estatequival is a collaborative network of phd projects that trains and develops quantum inspired approaches to value buildings with a long life and components and materials easily mobile for reuse thereby synthesising recent advances in digital and human valuation techniques for a circular real estate market
innovative electrochemical co2 conversion to versatile feedstock

ico2nic will couple developments in polymer membranebased co2 capture technology with a novel gas diffusion electrochemical cell for co2 to formic acid conversion valorisation of formic acid via innovative biological processing routes will deliver high value products and materials by making ccu carbon capture and utilization profitable the ico2nic approach will enable global emitters to capture and valorise waste co2 paving the way for a significant reduction in global emissionsthe ico2nic consortium will form a complete value chain from co2 emitter tupras to end users tupras pg inclusive of carbon capture and purification cpt electrochemical conversion avt and downstream processing bfab npi this industrial representation will enable validation of an integrated business model that has the potential to deliver a viable economic model for all parties without external financial aidleading rtos will support the integration of res through digital monitoring and control systems ide and confirm the cost efficiency environmental performance and scalability of the proposed concept through development of a robust tea and process design sintef and lca tno paving the way for capture of 645 mt of co2 from tupras refineries by 2040 and up to 75 mtpa co2 in the eu refinery sector in the long term
preparing for optimal phase iiiiv maternal group b streptococcal vaccine trials in africa protect

two vaccines designed for pregnant women to protect their unborn infant are entering late phase development and will prevent infections from group b streptococcus and respiratory syncytial virus respectively for these vaccines to be approved the vaccine must work effectively without causing any unwanted responses to implement these vaccines in countries with low resources healthcare systems must be strengthened by improving vaccine safety monitoring and surveillance of infection and advancing vaccine delivery vaccine confidence and patient participation the rapid rollout of electronic health records ehr in kenya mozambique malawi and uganda offers an opportunity to use routine data to strengthen reporting of rates of adverse pregnancy neonatal and infant outcomes and any adverse events following immunisation this will be imperative in informing and preparing for future large scale vaccination rollout campaigns our approach will address key gaps in ehr to develop pregnancy registries embedded within national reporting systems to establish this data including baseline rates of pregnancy and infancy outcomes for tetanus and covid19 vaccines currently in use these reporting systems will allow monitoring of potential safety signals once new vaccines are introduced experts in ehr obstetrics and gynaecology paediatrics microbiology clinical trials and implementation research will develop the motivation and tools needed to monitor and evaluate current and future maternal vaccines we will work closely with the who african medicines agency and country stakeholders codeveloping pregnancy registries sentinel site microbiological surveillance systems and maternal vaccination communications toolkits in preparation for the decade of maternal vaccines our programme of work culminates in a network of maternal vaccine trial sites who can rapidly evaluate vaccines in pregnancy from latestage trials through to introduction on a national level
dynamic technoeconomical scenario simulation model for sustainable waterborne activities and transport

new sustainable fuel deployment scenarios for the european waterborne community needsdeployment of sustainable energy within an existing transport network is a challenge which requires an independent and transparent analysis and overview to be successful it implies a timely coordination of all stake holders from energy production capacity to storage bunkering logistics in harbours and up to the endusers the inland waterways and maritime transport and waterborne activitiesmuch information about each stake holders their characteristics in terms of technical readiness emission level actual transport capacity costs scalability and impact are available putting all parts of the puzzle together is the aim of the present studywe are ready to apply existing scenario simulation techniques containing among others regional information on transport network and hindcast data of weather conditions for regional energy production to simulate different scenarios of sustainable fuel deployment forcing certain variables as input into the model in order to study its impact on other quantities will help evaluating the viability of certain scenarios or identify bottlenecks and best tactics to overcome themthis dynamic technoeconomic model will hopefully help the commission the member states the regional waterborne community and the harbours evaluating the most efficient pathways towards their energy transition for local to regional scale the amount of details brought into the parameters of the model will allow to run such simulation from micro to macro scalethe model will primarily focus on variables and parameters related to the waterborne community however it will not be closed and will able a possible future inclusion of other sources of energy needs if made available from landbased activity and transport or aviation
nheterocyclic carbenes on silicon from structure to function

the significance of cuttingedge nanoelectronics is inherently tied to the utilization and integration of silicon the material is embedded as a semiconductor in a multitude of devices such as nano and microchips for computing given its paramount importance for the hightech industry intense research focuses on manipulating and optimising silicon surfaces silicon coating efforts aim to increase its resistance against harsh conditions temperature high electron potential uv light etc steer its electric conductivity or covalently attach biomolecules for specific applications such as biosensing depending on the objective strategies for surface engineering include techniques such as atomic layer deposition or silanization a fundamentally novel approach to functionalize silicon surfaces has recently been developed by the team of prof frank glorius from the university of münster who described a strategy to immobilize derivatives of nheterocyclic carbenes on a borondoped silicon substrate transposing this concept to industrially applied silicon surfaces such as si100 smartface aims for the following research objectives develop a general strategy for nhc immobilization on silicon study the connection of the molecular nhc structure and surface coverage understand the impact of the coating on the material and finally explore the effect of the surface modification on silicons relevant properties the glorius group has a unique knowledge base in the field of nhcs and surface engineering and simultaneously possesses stateoftheart hardware to analyze fabricated materials given its potentially transformative impact on the field of silicon surface engineering smartface perfectly falls within the scope of the he work programme specifically in the pursuit of developing and mastering the digital and key enabling technologies of the future
analog polariton simulators

many physical systems in nature must be described using a huge number of coupled degrees of freedom treating these problems on a classical computer leads to computation times growing exponentially with the system size analog simulators are wellcontrolled systems to which a complex problem can be mapped and from which the physics can be experimentally readouthere we want to develop powerful analog simulators based on semiconductor cavity polaritons lightmatter quasiparticles that have appeared as a versatile platform to explore the physics of bosonic open systems using the fine control we now have in polariton lattices anapolis opens the door to the simulation of a large class of systems subject to external drive and dissipation a regime hardly explored in other platforms outofequilibrium condensation giant kerr nonlinearity optical driving of steadystates are the ingredients we will use in anapolis to explore three scientific objectives1we will study phase fluctuations in polariton condensates and map the system to the kardarparisizhang equation which describes many dynamical nonlinear systems in 2d solving this equation is a challenge raising open questions that no experimental platform has addressed so far2we will resonantly drive polariton lattices with elaborate phase patterns to simulate the physics of charged particles in a magnetic field optically inducing complex valued hoppings we will tailor topological properties for the bogoliubov excitations and explore nonlinear physics on top of a topological superfluid 3we will use cavity lattices under quadratic drive to emulate the physics of the quantum transverse ising model in a drivendissipative context we will use this simulator to find the steady state of the system and explore quantum magnetism and dissipative phase transitionsanapolis will provide unique opportunities to address stochastic phenomena nonlinear and many body physics in a drivendissipative context
mechanistic understanding of the photoexcited nitroarenemediated olefin ozonolysis

olefins are feedstocks readily available from petroleum and vegetable biomass with an integral role in the preparation of highvalue materials in particular olefin ozonolysis used to introduce oxygen atoms and convert these molecules into a broad spectrum of synthetic intermediates like aldehydes ketones and carboxylic acidsso far ozonolysis reactions mostly adopted by the bulk chemical industry which uses it on simple materials the fine chemical sectors pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries do not use this reactivity mostly due to safety concerns in handling ozonethe leonori group has recently demonstrated that photoexcited nitroarenes can be used as ozone surrogates for the oxidative cleavage of olefins this project seeks to understand the key mechanistic factors that govern the reactivity so that generalization and application by the broad chemical community might be possiblethe completion of such a timely and relevant mechanistic project at rwth aachen university will be facilitated by generating transferring sharing and disseminating knowledge and will enhance the researchers future career following the training plan envisioned
the reforming spirit in the age of revolutions the counts of bernstorff commercial monarchy and the invention of modern liberty

this project offers the first comprehensive account of the counts of bernstorff and the part they played in the making of enlightened reforms in eighteenthcentury denmark through a detailed study of the personal and intellectual networks of johann hartwig ernst von bernstorff 17121772 and his nephew andreas peter von bernstorff 17351797 two reformminded hanoverian counts who served as chief ministers to the danish monarchy reformarchy reconstructs a series of intellectual exchanges between copenhagen geneva and göttingen in so doing the project elucidates the efforts of the bernstorffs to reform the danish monarchy in view of contemporary challenges to the european states system and recovers their main contribution to enlightenment thought that is their vision of modern liberty in a commercial monarchy drawing on intellectual currents introduced to them through the various centres of their networks this vision was moulded by such diverse languages as republicanism monarchism natural law cameralism and political economy the main objectives of the project are thus to map the personal and intellectual networks the bernstorffs to analyse the key concepts of their political vision and to examine the imperial response to global commercial competition that underpinned their enlightened reform programme reconstructing the reforming spirit of the counts of bernstorff reformarchy not only makes an innovating contribution to historical scholarship on enlightened reform it also brings into view the historical and conceptual relationship between freedom and the state by returning the concept of modern liberty to its eighteenthcentury origin in the dialogue between republicanism and monarchism reformarchy offers a novel perspective on our current political imaginary the vision of modern liberty that comes out of this context sees the state not as an impediment to individual freedom but rather as its requisite
valorization of co2 for low carbon cement

cement production is responsible for 8 of global co2 emissions which mainly come from the processing of limestone co2valorize proposes a new approach to drastically reduce these emissions by partly replacing some of the limestone content with supplementary cementitious materials scm such materials are additionally carbonated using captured co2 so this partreplacement process utilises captured co2 promising calcium silicates rich scm can come from waste materials such as mine tailings and recycled concrete all of which are available in large quantities the carbonation process of such materials is complex and barely understood to date our networks aim to lay the scientific foundations to create fundamental knowledge on the mechanisms reaction kinetics the physicochemical subprocess and the performance of the modified cement in order to provide a proofofconcept and show that a co2 reduction by 50 per tonne of cement produced is feasible the project is driven by leading companies that represent important parts of the value chain and ensure a fast uptake of the results with the potential to commercialise new equipment processes and software during and after the project the structured approach combines complementary research for each individual project in the academic and industry sector this is accompanied by a balanced mix of highlevel scientific courses and transferable skills delivered by each partner locally and in dedicated training schools and workshops at network level this way each doctoral candidate builds up deep scientific expertise and interdisciplinary knowledge to deliver gamechanging cleantech innovations during and after the project co2valorize is impactdriven and strives for portfolios of highclass joint publications in leading journals and patents the transfer of the results into firstofitskind engineering solutions contribute to the next generation of cement processes that can mitigate climate change
tunable and reconfigurable nanoacoustics

in solidstate physics all the properties determined by the atoms position are susceptible to be modified by acoustic phonons acoustic phonons are usually seen as a primary source of unwanted effects in electronics optoelectronics and quantum technologies based on solidstate platforms this project proposes a series of tunable nanodevices where acousticphonons constitute instead a central resource to unveil wavelength conversion phenomena transfer information and simulate systems difficult or impossible to study in optics and electronics the current trend in nanophononics is to engineer acoustic nanodevices to shape the local acoustic density of states tailor the lightmatter interaction or enhance the interactions with other systems based on static and predetermined fixedfunction nanostructures this project takes a radically different direction by incorporating responsive materials that change their elastic properties under external stimuli gesbte compounds and vanadium dioxide present phase transitions that can be triggered thermally optically or electrically and have associated ultrafast changes in their elastic properties these materials widely used in active photonics and electronics will be integrated into nanophononic semiconductor and oxidebased resonators working in the ghzthz rangethe project is organized around three major challenges i to develop hybrid tunable acousticphonon resonators and transducers based on materials presenting structural phase transitions ii to develop reconfigurable nanophononic lattices ie artificial graphene formed by coupled resonators and iii to demonstrate novel acousticphonon wavelength conversion phenomena simulate timedependent hamiltonians and develop dynamical acoustic phonon devices using dynamical structures to control acoustic phonons in the ghzthz range will enable a new dimension in the solidstate physics toolbox