Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
temporal innovative model for imitative network generation a framework to analyse temporal networks and generate surrogates

the timing project will develop a framework to analyse temporal networks and generate realistic surrogates observation of realworld temporal networks given as input will aim at grasping their intricate structure resulting from temporal and topological causalities and correlations i will devise a methodology to mimic these dynamics using concepts of network science theory as guidelines the generated synthetic networks will reproduce the fundamental features of the original topologies this methodology will allow to obtain surrogate temporal networks to replace real data when the latter are not usable or sharable this is particularly useful for social data often subject to privacy issues moreover since collected datasets are generally too small to observe interesting effects when simulating dynamical processes a crucial problem eg in computational epidemiology it will serve as a tool for data augmentation timing will in fact allow generating temporal networks with a higher number of nodes and a longer time span based on original patterns extracted from smaller available datasets timing will also provide the possibility to merge different original data eg social interactions collected in different environments providing a more realistic synthetic portrait of a society existing methods to generate realistic temporal graphs are scarce and are mainly based on blind reproduction of an original network or they focus on specific theoretical aspects while methods permitting an overall vision are missing timing will fill this gap by combining an emulative algorithm with theoretical inductions taking into account the mesoscale interplay between time and topology i will develop the project in the team of prof alain barrat at cnrs france working at the intersection of multiple fields physics of complex systems network science and statistical physics establishing contacts with social scientists epidemiologists and neuroscientists
core defense fortifying the resident gut microbiotas colonization resistance to combat intestinal bacterial infections

currently we rely on antibiotics to combat potentially lifethreatening gastrointestinal gi bacterial infections however the susceptibility to infection and the severity of symptoms can vary significantly among individuals exposed to the same pathogen13 if we could unravel the factors responsible for differences in infection susceptibility we could formulate strategies to reduce the incidence of symptomatic infections ultimately saving lives and reducing the need for antibiotics traditionally researchers have approached this puzzle from two main perspectives a humancentered view delving into the intricacies of the host immune system or a pathogencentered view scrutinizing variations in bacterial strains with core defense i advocate for a paradigm shift by adopting a microbiotacentered perspective this approach is grounded in the concept of colonization resistance the mechanism whereby the intestinal microbiota protects itself against incursion by new microorganisms despite their tremendous potential to prevent and treat bacterial infections microbial alternatives to antibiotics are still spread thin as we currently lack adequate methods to select potential candidates my aim is to develop a method for the selection of personalized bacterial consortia capable of preventing campylobacteriosis i will do so by investigating its ecological niche and competitors through metabolic modelling screen for growth reducing bacterial strains or consortia using a newly developed in vitro coculturing platform and test colonization resistance predictions of a simple model based on these in silico and in vitro results in humanmicrobiome associated mice by investigating the protective function of the microbiota i will generate groundbreaking findings that will transform our understanding on factors governing bacterial infection susceptibility it will usher in an era where we view bacteria not only as the problem but also as part of the solution
the plants internal cellular sensing and response measures to mechanical breach

plantparasitic nematodes are microscopic organisms with exceptionally broad host range that pose major challenge to global agriculture generate a predicted loss of 123 percent equivalent to 157 billion each year the losses caused by nematodes are further enhanced when they form diseasecomplexes with other microbes endoparasitic cyst nematodes are one of two most devastating groups infecting the roots of economically important plants the nematodes are a persistent problem because they have evolved an ability to secrete specific proteins to exploit the host plants development and suppress defense responses triggered by the plant they begin feeding only after developing a specialized feeding structure syncytium inside the host root by selecting a single cell near the innermost nutrientrich vascular tissues causing cellular injury by passing through multiple layers of different cell files the majority of previous research has been on syncytium formation as infection proceeds however it is unknown how plants respond at the cellular level to the mechanical damage caused by nematodes which prevents the creation of resistant plants to minimize crop losses in the proposed study cells from two internal consecutive cell layers surrounding the vascular tissues will be studied for their molecular responses to mechanical injury the control of lignin and suberin production which function as physical barriers against invading pathogens will be studied in particular advanced microscopic technology will be utilized to accurately produce mechanical damage in selected internal root cells using a cuttingedge method called laser ablation it will offer a strong platform for the creation of resistance agricultural plants against plant parasitic nematodes in the long run the project will use a variety of hightech multidisciplinary approaches to provide a framework for researching plant physical barrier measures against invasive plant diseases
scarbo next step space carbon observatorys solution to improve monitoring of ghg emissions and help establishing reliable data for emission trends forecasts

scarbon space carbon observatory next step is the continuation of the horizon 2020 scarbo project this multidisciplinary project is carried out by a genderdiverse team through a consortium including the space industry smes and scientific institutes it is led from toulouse france by airbus defence and space the scarbon system is based on a constellation of small greenhouse gases ghg monitoring satellites flying an innovative miniaturised co2ch4 instrument nanocarb together with a coregistered compact aerosol sensor spexone together they will deliver twicedaily accurate global measurements to monitor the diurnal variations of fossil co2 emissionthe objective of the scarbon project is to mature the technical and industrial definition of the nanocarb instrument and of the scarbon constellation targeting an operational system availability before the end of the decade the design of the nanocarb instrument will be upgraded and refined following the outcomes of the previous scarbo study and its performances will be carefully modelled an instrument breadboard will provide valuable data during an airborne campaign which will be used together with modelled data to verify the instrument design this will allow raising the instrument trl to at least 5 targeting 6 by the end of the project data processing at levels l1 to l4 will validate the concept capability to monitor ghg plumes from space the constellation concept will also be refined in view of a possible shortterm industrial implementationscarbons daily co2 and ch4 anthropogenic emissions monitoring data based on novel european breakthrough technologies will be a valuable contributor to the european commissions endeavour to fight climate change as an upside the monitoring data will foster the development of addedvalue services and will represent a stateoftheart european alternative to the burgeoning noneuropean commercial initiatives
elucidating the phenotypic convergence of proliferation reduction under growthinduced pressure

growthinduced pressure necessarily emerges when a cell population whichever the organism proliferates in a 3d spatiallylimited environment growthinduced pressure imposes physical constraints on cell physiology a reduction of growth and division is observed in evolutionarily distant organisms such as bacteria fungi plants or mammals however some cells are more capable of coping with these physical limitations and proliferate than others this is in particular the case of cancer cells for which growthinduced pressure participates in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance despite its importance we are still at a loss to identify the basic sensing mechanisms associated with 3d proliferation under pressureit is notably unclear if the mechanical control of proliferation stems from specific signaling or is a consequence of associated changes in the physical properties of cells the goal of underpressure is to elucidate the phenotypic convergence of the mechanicalcontrol of cell proliferation we hypothesize that a large part of proliferation reduction comes from the physical limits imposed by the obligatory increase of macromolecular crowding under 3d confinement crowding relates to the high fraction of macromolecules in the cell and has the potential to kinetically alter biochemical reactions we expect crowding to limit key processes associated with growth and division and to elicit specific signaling essential to circumvent these limitations using unique microfluidic devices we will investigate in bacteria fungi and mammalian cells how compressive forces physically limit growth and division and unravel the signaling pathways associated with the control of cell proliferation we will mainly focus on crowding investigate its consequences and its link with other physical properties such as membrane tension we will use this knowledge to control cell proliferation in 3d compressed tumors with the hope to notably reduce chemoresistance
better bioprinting by lightsheet lithography

bioprinting is considered the most promising method to produce functional engineered tissues with physiological properties successful tissue engineering will open research avenues for drug testing and therapeutic and will therefore raise much interest not only in the academia but also pharma and clinical sectors current bioprinting methods are limited by combinations of insufficient speed spatial resolution and cell viability since these technologies often suffer from poor spatial resolution and inability to control biomechanical properties they fail to mimic the heterogeneous nature of native tissues bbrighter aims to develop a novel bioprinting technology able to produce engineered tissues with high spatial resolution at high printing speed using an original topdown lithography approach in contrast with current bottom up layerbylayer bioprinting methods bbrighter aims at ultra highspeed digital lightsheet illumination strategy to selectively photocrosslink cellladen hydrogels mimicking specific tissues in confined voxels and produce threedimensional complex geometries previous advances from the brighter project will be extended by building complex bioengineered skin cornea and gut tissue models all of which represent pioneering examples for bioengineering and its application for cell therapy drug discovery and toxicology together with the work on patterning technology bioink and application a basis will be established for formulating a valid business case for a bioprinting product the work on exploitation activities will ultimately result in a gono go decision for the industrialisation of a bioprinting product and a commercial path forward ultimately the goal of the bbrighter project is to provide a radically new bioprinting technology to boost the performance of various engineered tissues which in turn will promote improved healthcare opportunities as well as business and employment advances in the european union and beyond
integrated approach to assess the levels and impact of contaminants of emerging concern on blue health and biodiversity modulated by climate change drivers

oneblue will provide an integrated assessment of contaminants of emerging concern cecs and their impacts will develop new monitoring tools and will provide an advanced understanding of the combined effects of cecs and climate change cc on the different marine ecosystems and their biodiversity the following objectives are defined improve the current knowledge of the concentrations profiles fate behaviour and effects of cecs in the different marine compartments and ecosystems through three case studies atlantic and arctic oceans and the mediterranean sea and develop safety guidelines and protocols for future cecs monitoring in marine ecosystemsprovide an advanced understanding of possible interaction between cc and cecs in marine ecosystems with studies under controlled conditions in marine mesocosmsdevelop a database db the cecsmarinedb following fair principles with a database management system dbms to collect the data generated in oneblue and capitalize data from other projects and existing dbs a graphical user interface gui will be developed and used for data exploration and demonstration of the fate and behaviour of cecs in a changing environmentprovide new solutions in support of the implementation of relevant eu policies i a series of new approach methodologies nams to improve the ecotoxicity assessment of cecs in marine ecosystems ii a tiered effectdirected approaches eda combining toxicological assessment and chemical analysis iii an advanced ultrasonic system for sampling and enrichment micronanoplastics from seawater iv a remote autonomous sensor to assess cecs in marine waters in quasirealtime a decision support system dss based on machine and deep learning strategies to assess and forecast combined effects of cc and cecs in marine ecosystems disseminate the project results and establish the exploitation plan for the developed technologies
radiometer based on nonlinear microwave to optical conversion in a resonator

the atesca ambient temperature extremely sensitive radiometer for cubesat applications project seeks to advance radiometer technology by achieving highly sensitive microwave detection for spacebased applications such as radio astronomy and earth observation without the need for cryogenic cooling of the detector this project is particularly focused on improving the detection of microwave radiation from the ozone of earths atmosphere and from the cosmic microwave background cmbatesca radiometers utilize a nonlinear optical upconversion process to transfer weak microwave signals into the optical domain this process is intrinsically noiseless and it has been shown theoretically that a good signal to noise ratio can be achieved even when the whole setup is sitting at room temperature opposed to direct detection of the microwave radiationthe nonlinear upconversion process is intrinsically weak hence the team plans to employ whispering gallery mode resonators which support resonances in both optical and microwave domains to significantly improve conversion efficiency it has been shown theoretically that with the planned implementation a photon conversion efficiency from the microwave 100ghz to the optical domain of 1 can be achieved this will enable the proposed radiometer with high sensitivity but would also be interesting for future quantum technologythis is a planned collaboration between a group in madrid spain uc3m and dunedin new zealand uoo the researcher will demonstrate the proposed conversion efficiency and hence sensitivity on a benchtop experiment and afterwards will implement the system into two actual payloads for cubesat missions to demonstrate the radiometer
mesoscale dissection of neuronal populations underlying cognition

the brain is responsible for cognition broadly defined as thinking by combining mental processes such as sensory integration perception and working memory one of neurosciences major challenges is understanding how the brain encodes cognition as a whole the biggest obstacle to this goal is the complex nature of the brain which contains billions of entangled neurons that form a dynamic everchanging network we propose to use the mouse model to study cognitive processing streams across the brain by applying a zoomoutzoomin approach we first study cognition at the mesoscale level ie the population level across many areas and then zoom in and dissect a specific subpopulation importantly we focus on the dynamic brainwide networks of different cognitive functions that are modulated within single trials and in each individual mouse we hypothesize that cognitive functions are encoded at the mesoscale level in which information flexibly flows across many brain areas but with certain motifs and rules each objective targets one processing stream and one cognitive function streams within one cortical hemisphere during sensory integration streams across cortical hemispheres transferring working memory and streams between cortex and subcortex during perception in each work package we will train mice in cognitive behavioral paradigms and perform a zoomoutzoomin protocol with the same mouse first we will implement a mesoscale approach eg widefield imaging andor multifiber photometry to outline the processing stream within the cognitive network second we will zoom in to dissect a specific node or edge using multiarea twophoton microscopy labeling techniques and optogenetics importantly these work packages are modulatory and with substantial overlaps enabling us to obtain a brainwide cognitive map that will aid in understanding cognition as a whole in both the healthy and the diseased brain
stop spread bad bugs novel antimicrobial approaches to combat multidrug resistance in bacteria

stop spread bad bugs is a new multidisciplinary researchtraining consortium built to combat the alarming problem of global antimicrobial resistance multidrug resistance mdr in bacteria is becoming increasingly common thus urgently calling for alternative approaches to develop and implement novel antibiotics we envision a definitive solution that will require a paradigm shift its foundation shall be the training of a new generation of future 15 early stage researchers esrs by worldrenowned experts in the field of drug development infectiology immunology and pharmacology a unique stateof theart teachingtraining pipeline shall be developed across 7 academic and 5 sme partners with complementary expertise in the development and testing of novel approaches to antimicrobial therapy in humans we shall establish knowledge and expertise on carbohydrate and protein chemistry for the discovery of new drug candidates while characterizing the underlying mechanism of existing compounds for treatment of microbial infections computational modelling shall optimize the interactions of the novel entities with selected pathogens a range of infection models allows partners to simultaneously determine compound efficacy in preclinical settings and investigate the potential effects of the novel antimicrobials on host tissues stateoftheart imaging tools will be applied to track the bacteria and novel compounds in these test systems uniquely the pipeline will also determine the pharmacokinetics and the effects of compounds on host microbiota and host immunity understanding the mechanisms of action of the novel antimicrobials shall provide insights into new antimicrobial mechanisms which may be further exploited in spinoff projects this approach means that the stop spread bad bugs consortium will deliver uniquely trained multi and interdisciplinary esrs that will take the continuing fight against global mdr safely into the future
plasmonmediated onsurface synthesis

photochemistry on solid surfaces is a promising candidate for overcoming the current limitations of onsurface synthesis oss including the constraints of metallic substrates poor spatiotemporal control and demand for high temperatures however this nascent approach has evidenced to date relatively modest efficiencies compared to thermally induced reactions concomitantly the field of plasmonmediated chemical reactions pmcrs has experienced pronounced growth pmcrs rely on the ability of plasmonic nanostructures to harness the advantages of milder visible light and efficiently transforming it into chemical energy the rapid progress in pmcrs can be attributed to the development of novel methodologies for engineering the nanooptical properties of the localized surface plasmon resonance lspr in this context achieving precise atomiclevel control over how reactants interact with plasmonic catalytic substrates holds the potential to drastically increase the chemoselectivity efficacy and sustainability of reactionsthe scientific objective of this proposal is to combine my expertise on scanning probe microscopy spm and plasmonic nanocavities with the large experience of the host in oss targeting to direct pmcrs on surfaces at the atomic scale specifically this proposal seeks to investigate three model photodimerization reactions exploring the conditions under which the spmcontrolled optical hotspot used for tipenhanced raman spectromicroscopy can be transformed into a chemical hotspot with improved selectivity and efficiency furthermore the goal is to elucidate the mechanisms governing tipinduced pmcrs with the ultimate aim of controlling the fabrication of lowdimensional extended polymers with molecular precision using visible light the synergistic integration of these innovative methodologies will decisively contribute to the successful realization of the project remarkably enhancing my career trajectory and personal development
twinning for rechargeable sodiumion battery research

the twinbat project plans to make gebze technical university gtu a center of attraction in the field of battery research in türkiye especially in the field of sodiumion batteries nibs through the joint efforts of the twinning partners with mutual benefit at the forefront the lack of capacity innovation in the field of rechargeable batteries in türkiye will be addressed through three main efforts research training and networkthis goal will be achieved by building collaboration with prominent european institutions including cnrs from france an internationally recognized laboratory lrcs focused on rechargeable batteries hub from germany an excellent research university that delivers toplevel achievements in a wide variety of fields in both national and international comparisons and in collaboration with industry partners of tia founded in 2017 for the development and commercialization of nibs indeed we are witnessing the rapid development of nibs nowadays recently both the first electric vehicle powered by sodiumion cells and the commercial application of firstgeneration gen1 sodiumion cells in a cordless drill were reported however despite these wonderful developments in the nibs field a new generation of nib still needs to be developed to reach the energy density of liion batteries twinbat target to develop gen2 nibs to be closer to liion lfp cellswhile the research topic is timely and of immediate relevance emerging economies like türkiye must augment their capacity and competitiveness to match the eus technological competence on this domain thus increasing gtus visibility and research capacity enhancing the research profile of academics working in nibs and improving the proposal development project management and ipr skills of administrative staff will be achieved by investing in individuals and research in this context twinbat is a perfect fit