Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
mosquitovirus matchmaking elucidating the biological basis of compatibility between viruses and mosquitoes

half of the worlds population is at risk for mosquitoborne diseases yet less than 3 of the mosquito species on earth can transmit pathogens to humans even within a species that specializes in biting humans and is the major vector for dengue virus aedes aegypti mosquito populations on the globe transmit denv with a wide range of efficiencies thus some virusmosquito pairs match with each other and enable viral transmission while others dont understanding the biological processes that determine virusmosquito compatibility is a longstanding question that has not yet been addressed mostly owing to a lack of appropriate methods here i propose to leverage advances in singlecell technology gene editing and computational tools to understand the basis of virusmosquito matchmaking i will address three related challenges1 obtain singlecell transcriptional and epigenetic atlases for key organs of matched or unmatched virusmosquito pairs to be retransmitted a virus needs to infect and transit through key organs in a mosquitos body unknown factors that interfere with viral infection and impact further transmission exist in mosquito cells they will be detected with singlecell technologies 2 identify the key drivers of virusmosquito matchmaking using cuttingedge singlecell data analysis methods i will determine which genetic or epigenetic processes are associated with matched and unmatched virusmosquito pairs 3 reprogram virusmosquito matchmaking using genome editing with key factors of matchmaking identified i will genetically interfere with their function and determine whether virusmosquito pairs can artificially be matched or unmatched itsamatch will combine new technologies to unravel the basis for virusmosquito matchmaking the project has the potential to substantially advance our understanding of virusmosquito interactions and inform novel disease control strategies
soil micro and mesofauna as drivers of microbial necromass dynamics

increasing soil carbon c sequestration is critical to mitigate climate change while supporting food security and reversing land degradation soil microbial necromass ie dead microbes has received increasing attention as significantly contributing to stable soil c the microbiome itself is controlled by soil fauna through two main trophic groups microbivores directly affecting its size and composition and litter decomposers modulating its access to resources however ongoing environmental changes are altering trophic relationships and how this will impact microbial dynamics and c persistence is highly uncertain my novel contribution to science will be to integrate soil micro and mesofauna as a dynamic modulator of the soil microbiome controlling microbial necromass and c persistence to achieve this i will manipulate soil micro and mesofauna in microcosms experiments following two complimentary approaches ie manipulation based on 1 size or 2 trophic classes i will track the incorporation of 13clabelled root litter into microbial biomass and necromass and compare microbial growth and carbon use efficiency in the presence or absence of different soil faunal groups after one year of incubation i will measure c stability indicators mineralassociated and occluded c bulk 15n as well as newly formed microbial necromass to estimate soil c persistence the experiment will be carried out at two different temperatures ambient vs 5 c increase in a full factorial design to determine how the faunal control of the microbiome might change under future climate conditions my msca project will shed light on the importance of soil fauna and trophic interactions for microbial necromass and soil c dynamics a crucial approach in harnessing the potential for soil c sequestration and implementing effective management strategies
intrinsically disordered proteins in health and disease mechanisms molecular context and opportunities for drug discovery

proteins dictate virtually all cellular processes to do so precise 3dstructures that fit to their binding partners are exploited however up to 40 of the human proteome exist in disordered dynamic ensembles of states mandatory for function these socalled intrinsically disordered protein and regions idps play crucial roles in most aspects of life they mediate tens of thousands of proteinprotein interactions involved in cell signaling scaffolding transcription membraneless organelles and more while the pivotal role of idps in biology is recognized most of their functions remains unexplored the time is now ripe for the next frontier decomposing proteinprotein interactions involving idps on a large scale importantly idps are emerging drug targets for treating complex diseases cancer neurodegenerative disorders metabolic syndromes and viral diseases afflicting an ageing european population the evolving field demands a new generation of experts to take the lead in developing different types of drugs targeting idp interactions this msca dn project aims to educate ten doctoral students within this evolving field by tackling outstanding questions in particular we will delineate the role of context in interactions involving idps including flanking regions folded domains diseaserelated mutations and aberrant cellular signaling and also design peptidebased ligands based on disordered regions that can potentially be further developed into drugs or molecular probes a team of 14 established scientists from seven academic institutes and five companies with excellent experience in supervision and cutting edge knowledge on idps and experimental and computational techniques will form idpro idpro constitutes an exceptional network where the phd students can mature and obtain scientific excellence in academic as well as nonacademic settings idpro will strengthen the future academic and biotech labor force of the european union
assessing and consolidating recent advances on freshwater ecosystem restoration

the alarming state of freshwater ecosystems today freshwater ecosystems degraded due to barriers other morphological changes loss of wetlands floodplains over abstraction of surface ground waters land management that reduces infiltration generates pollutionmillions of euros and hours in ecosystem restoration works have made improvements yet not stemmed the tide of biodiversity loss the overwhelming complexity and diversity of approaches the sheer mass of sometimes contradictory data the frighteningly heavy toll that failures take on public perception of the potential for europe to succeed the lack of media understanding of the challenges and our potential to deal with them all of these demand a multipronged countryby country campaign to consolidate recent scientific advances and innovations and to train the media to communicate them and the evidence that europe can indeed halt biodiversity loss ecoadvance will cocreate through broad consultations and crowdsourcing a userfriendly prone2success checklist cataloguing the climate environmental economic scientific technological and human factors country by country that can make a difference and how to duplicate them ecoadvance will consolidate recent scientific advances drive media messaging and put a persuasive human face on freshwater ecosystem restoration successes all from the perspectives of the people who did them pursued supported tested modified demonstrated or evaluated them by identifying and showcasing successful people science and solutions that are bending the curve ecoadvance will bring guidance from personal journeys to support current leaders scientists and decisionmakers who face some of the same challenges and dilemmas the successful have already navigated as they try to figure out will this work is it worth the money time and effort is it the right thing to do for our community and our circumstances
geotechnical resilience through intelligent design

our proposed research initiative seeks to propel machine learning into the forefront of geotechnical engineering with a vision to address critical challenges and revolutionise the field for the betterment of society the overarching goals of our project align with the need to confront uncertainty combat climate change through zero carbon emission strategies address soil parameter heterogeneity expedite finite element fe calculations eg for reliability analyses and enhance design efficiency to reduce material consumption particularly in the context of concrete by undertaking this multidimensional approach our research aims not only to apply machine learning in geotechnical engineering but to fundamentally transform the field ushering in a new era of efficiency sustainability and resilience through collaboration and innovation we aspire to make machine learning an integral and indispensable tool for addressing the complex challenges faced by geotechnical practitioners in the 21st century
allinone solar rechargeable zincair battery enabling direct storage of solar energy

as photovoltaics pv technology develops rapidly solar energy conversion and storage devices such as solar rechargeable batteries are also becoming more viable to compensate for intermittent sunlight considering their working life cost energy density safety and ecofriendliness rechargeable znair batteries zabs are regarded as a promising candidate for next generation advanced energy devices solar rechargeable zabs would effectively convert and store solar energy in one twoelectrode battery simplifying the configuration and decreasing the external energy loss yet there are several major challenges to widespread adoption of solar rechargeable zabs i low efficiency due to lack of high performance photoactive electrode capable of light harvesting and energy storage ii instability and low cycle life due to anodeelectrolyte side reactions this proposal will develop for the firsttime zabs with solarcharging capabilities through combinatorial designing of a bifunctional high entropy material hem photocathodecatalyst fabricating a gradient nanoporous fluorinated zinctin fzt anode and optimizing electrolyte composition such a configuration enables to decrease the charge overpotential of zabs below the theoretical voltageof 165 v more importantly it directly stores solartoelectrochemical energy therefore the main goal of this proposal is to boost the efficiency and stability of solar rechargeable zabs by taking advantages of hem concept ie numerous active sites sluggish diffusion and enabling much improved platingstripping cycling on fzt anode through a 2eo2 process in nonalkaline aqueous electrolyte hesozas achievements will make advancements on cutting edge direct solartoelectrochemical energy storage in a simple twoelectrode cell configuration that are pivotal to reach eus environmental targets for a reliable and green energy transition at lowcost
foundation models for molecular diagnostics machine learning with biological common sense

molecular diagnostics is crucial in fulfilling the promise of personalized medicine while we are amidst an ai revolution current machine learning models ml struggle to effectively learn from molecular omics patient profiles and fail to make robust predictions perhaps this is not a surprise after all molecular disease biology is immensely complex and we ask ml models to predict such complicated things as patient prognosis without them knowing anything about molecular biology and based on limited training data to address this i will create foundation models on top of the vast troves of available biomolecular data such as multiomics profiles in healthy and diseased tissues highresolution singlecell data and biological knowledge graphs this unique approach is driven by selfsupervised learning ssl an important driver of ai which offers the opportunity to learn a comprehensive representation of the multimodal biology of the cell without the need for wellannotated patient datastarting from this strong basis the foundationdx model can then reliably predict cancer subtype or prognosis as it no longer needs to start from scratch on too highdimensional too low samplesize datasets effectively we give our systems biological common sense foregoing the need for millions of labeled training samples this uniquely enables us to address one of the most clinically relevant questions which treatment is best for the patient the foundationdx research program is designed to deliver key insights into how the ssl revolution can be used to drive progress in the field of molecular diagnostics it contains a clinicalgrade benchmarking module and solves three urgent diagnostic challenges including noninvasive subtyping of pediatric brain cancer the time for powerful robust and generalizable knowledgeaware machine learning solutions to previously intractable molecular diagnostics problems has come foundationdx aims to deliver this
spatial quantification of cellular metabolism in the tumor immune microenvironment

the success of cancer immunotherapy especially immune checkpoint inhibition ici demonstrates the ability of the immune system to fight tumors however only a fraction of patients benefit from currently available therapies and we need to find novel approaches to improve clinical responses cellular metabolism has emerged as a key determinant of multiple aspects of immune cell function especially t cell exhaustion and antiinflammatory macrophage polarization however we currently do not have a good understanding of the metabolic states of human immune cells since no technology has been available to quantify them directly in clinical tumor tissues i hypothesize that tumors create spatially defined metabolic environments also called metabolic niches to suppress immune cells and that this mechanism can be targeted to improve cancer immunotherapy to test this we will 1 quantify the metabolic states of immune cells in solid human cancers 2 identify metabolic immune cell states that predict response to ici and 3 reveal the mechanism of metabolic niche formation in tumor organoids we will quantify cellular metabolism and phenotype directly in human tumor tissues using the innovative singlecell metabolic profiling scmep approach i have recently developed we will combine this with multiplexed ion beam imaging mibi a technology that enables 40dimensional proteomic imaging mibi imaging will be complemented by matrixassisted laser desorptionionization mass spectrometry imaging maldimsi and machine learning frameworks for the analysis of these multiomic datasetstaken together this project will uncover generalizable concepts of how different tumor entities influence the cellular metabolism of immune cells to modulate their function the potential therapeutic targets that will emerge from this analysis could thus contribute to improved treatment options for various types of human cancer
support engineering in singleatom catalysts for lightdriven cx coupling processes

despite the unprecedented development in the field of singleatom catalysts these materials still suffer from major challenges including among others the difficulty of reaching high loadings of catalyticallyactive metals in atomically dispersed form to solve this issue the choice of an appropriate support is critical as this strategy can effectively modulate the metalsupport interactionin this msca project i aim to design a novel family of singleatom catalysts sacs based on modified carbon nitride supports to overcome challenges related to metal immobilization and stabilization in singleatom catalysts this will be accomplished by engineering carbon nitride materials with altered cn stoichiometry ratios the catalytic potential of the developed sacs will be evaluated in photocatalytic cx coupling reactions where x o or n under visiblelight conditions an important reaction for the production of valueadded chemicals the exploitation of in situoperando characterization methods will allow us to gain a more indepth understanding of the structural properties and evolution of reaction active sites under working conditionsthis msca will open new scientific avenues in the field of sustainable singleatom catalysis the interdisciplinary nature of this msca project will also equip me with a diverse array of scientific and soft skills including project management leadership through mentoring networking via collaborations with academia and industries adaptability in research and more these skills will enrich my research competencies and contribute significantly to my career growth as a researcher
one archaeological science in the bemme region

onearchsci aims to attract an innovative researcher to lead integrate expand and thereby significantly strengthen the archaeological science group at the cyprus institute it will spearhead a one archaeological science approach to integrate the currently fragmented field and position the research team as the regional leader in the balkans eastern mediterranean and the middle east bemme a region that from the bronze age through to the ottoman period has been culturally closely connected while preserving distinct identities of its peoples concrete steps will be taken to cross sectorial boundaries linking academic research with government agencies ngos and smes contributing to multiple impacts on a societal level over a fiveyear period professor patrick degryse an outstanding researcher and research manager from ku leuven europes most successful university in terms of horizon europe grant income will work with the existing team in cyprus to establish a new formally incorporated research facility at the cyprus institute we will recruit a rising star as longterm new team leader supported by a team of younger researchers to enable this step change the collaboration with ku leuven will continue beyond the project offering longterm opportunities for brain circulation research and educational programme development
optogenetic control of collective dynamics in epithelial cells

collective cell motility states such as multicellular flocking and jamming are active matter states that play important roles in development and disease however much of the dynamics of these collective states remains to be discovered the goal of this proposal is to use optogenetics to control and understand collective cell dynamics optogenetics allows to control cell mechanics with unprecedented temporal and spatial precision by photoactivating the molecular machinery that regulates cell protrusion and contraction ondemand by combining optogenetics with traction force microscopy we will first study how single epithelial cells reshape their traction forces in response to activation of rhoa rac1 and cdc42 we will then investigate collective coordination of intrinsic forces and movements in response to different patterns of photoactivation of these rhogtpases specifically we will induce and steer flocks made of several cells and we will jamunjam welldefined regions in monolayers near the jamming transition active gel models will help us identify characteristic mechanical profiles of single and multicellular motility the project will yield new approaches to understand and control epithelial dynamics at the mesoscale opening new avenues at the intersection of active matter physics and biology
smart modular mobile biorefining of manure to zerowaste maximising resource and nutrient recovery for feed and fertiliser bioingredients in rural areas

livestock farming is a crucial pillar of the rural economy in europe however it also causes pollution with a significant impact on air quality and climate change europe annually produces over 14 billion tonnes of manure with cattle contributing 75 and pig and chickens representing 12 each livestock is by far the main primary european subsector responsible for nh3 15mty and ch4 166mty emissions despite many efforts in the past decades current manure management and disposal on farmland as fertilizer still poses significant pollution problems such as soil degradation eutrophication of surface waters and pollution of groundwater in this vein new opportunities are foreseen for smallscale biorefineries which have the potential to provide diversification opportunities to the rural actors in this context manurefinery aims at deploying a smart modular mobile and sustainable smallscale decentralised biorefinery that will convert livestock manure into added value biobased feed microbial protein caproic acid proteinenriched grass cake and bioingredients sodium nitrate ammonium bicarbonate prich ashes for fertilisersthe manurefinery solution exhibits high scalabilityreplicability potential by integrating1 advanced thermo and biochemical modular and mobile feedstock conversion units2 digital twin and data science for multicriteria decision making and process optimization upscaling and replicability3 sustainability economic social environmental and circularity assessment framework4 strategies to boost the engagement of livestock stakeholders and enhance social acceptance of the solution5 new sustainable and replicable business models for income diversification in the livestock sectormanurefinery will be demonstrated at trl 67 in 2 pig farms romania and spain 1 cow farm slovenia and 1 poultry farm romania thus fostering the transition of cee regions towards a sustainable bieconomy
scaling and concentration laws in information theory

shannons 1948 paper established the mathematical foundations of digital compression and transmission and paved the way for the information age a notion embedded in shannons and most work in information theory is the concept of rate defined as the exponential growth rate of the number of messages the probabilistic law governing general information processing systems may be such that the optimal number of messages does not scale exponentially with the length of the sequences the vast majority of the information theory literature assumes an exponential number of messages and thus ignores the rich amount of possible scaling functions in important settings when the system probability law is such that the optimal rate scaling is not exponential standard techniques cannot be applied and new techniques must be sought a fundamental understanding of the impact of general scaling laws is crucial to harvesting the potential gains in practical system design this project is aimed at contributing towards the ambitious goal of providing a unified framework for the study of information theory with arbitrary scaling laws the unified framework will be based on information spectrum and concentration techniques will also consider the penalties incurred by suboptimal decoding for systems described by general probabilistic laws the project will also provide coding solutions that approach the theoretical limits this unconventional and challenging treatment of information theory will advance the area and will contribute to information sciences and systems disciplines where information theory is relevant a comprehensive study of the fundamental limits and optimal code design with general scaling laws will represent a major step forward in the field with the potential to provide new tools and techniques to solve open problems in close disciplines