Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
t cell subsets underlying the rise fall and recall of the germinal center

follicular helper t cells tfh through their cognate interactions with b cells drive the germinal center gc reaction resulting in affinity matured memory b cells and plasma cells hallmarks of the adaptive immunity and underpinning our ability to counter pathogenic insults for mounting a successful response against most pathogens including the virus sarscov2 that has crippled most nations for over a year tfh cells are of central importance aberrant activation of tfh has also been implicated in many diseases including multiple sclerosis diabetes and lymphoma understanding tfh biology is essential for our understanding of the adaptive immune system and in our quest to develop better vaccines and therapeutic treatments as it will enable us to modulate gc output through work over multiple years the applicant has developed an understanding for tfh as a highly dynamic population that require equally dynamic regulation understanding the true nature of tfh and of the t cell subsets that regulate tfh including the molecular mechanisms of regulation will necessitate the combination of new tools with already existing stateoftheart methods that is proposed herein this will lead to a new understanding of how tfh drive b cells throughout the gc how they shape b cell responses shedding light on unresolved issues such as how different quality of memory b cells is formed and how the unappreciated phenomenon of gc termination proceeds specifically this proposal will result in 1 a new definition of tfh and of gc t cell regulatory subsets 2 a mechanism for foxp3 t cell mediated regulation of gc b cells and gc termination and 3 a new understanding of the origin and quality of tfh memory and associated gc t cell memory
mechanisms at the interface of dna damage repair and transcription

bulky dna lesions are a major obstacle during gene transcription by rna polymerase ii enzymes rnapii the stalling of rnapii at dna lesions triggers a genomewide transcriptional arrest transcriptioncoupled repair tcr is a specialized dna repair pathway that selectively removes dna lesions from actively transcribed genes to restore transcription stalled rnapii at dna lesions forms a roadblock for advancing dna replication forks resulting in toxic collisions the mechanisms that enable the repair of transcriptionblocking dna lesions the restoration of transcription after repair and the resolution of transcriptionreplication conflicts are poorly understood to address these knowledge gaps i propose to establish a series of innovative approaches aimed at identifying the mechanisms involved in the cellular responses to transcriptionblocking dna damage we will focus on the functional characterization of known and several promising new tcr factors that we recently identified in combined genomewide crispr and targeted proteomics screens i propose to dissect the role of known and new tcr proteins by 1 applying a genomewide approach for directly measuring tcr activity in combination with proximitylabelling proteomics and geneticinteraction mapping to define how tcr complexes assemble and operate 2 identifying the mechanisms in transcription restoration by combining advanced genomics methods to map nascent transcripts monitor rnapii occupancy and correlate these with specific chromatin modifications in a genomewide manner and 3 dissecting the mechanisms involved in resolving transcriptionreplication conflicts by combining functional dna replication assays with genomewide approaches to map transcription rloops and dna replication directionality this erc project will break new grounds by offering a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that enable cells to overcome transcriptional roadblocks
network epistemology in practice

the present project will contribute to research in the history and philosophy of science through extensive use of stateoftheart tools from the digital humanities the project will focus on an investigation of recent research practice in particle physics at the european center for nuclear research cern in order to gain a better understanding of how knowledge is generated and validated in very large scientific collaborations the main working hypothesis of the project is that collective research processes can be characterized in epistemologically relevant terms through a birds eye view analysis of the collaborations internal communication the internal communication will be reconstructed from borndigital documents emails internal wiki pages etc which accrue in the research practice of the collaboration abstracting from the case study the project will also develop historiographic guidelines that can be transferred to future epistemological studies of modern scientific collaborations last but not least the project will contribute to the philosophy of collective knowledge generation in particular to recent issues in network epistemology by adapting the theoretical models to better fit important realworld casesuntil recently it was nearly impossible to capture largescale and complex research processes such as the ones at cern and make them accessible for epistemological analysis almost all the studies of the research practice at cern or similar cases have so far been restricted to the analysis of published articles selected interviews and participant observation accompanied by historiographic guidelines and practical strategies both of which are lacking at the moment for best practices in the history and philosophy of science based on borndigital sources the application of digital tools and computational methods may finally help us attain a maximally comprehensive picture of recent research practice in particle physics and beyond
scalable plug play and modular dc power systems for lowemission large vessels

the use of fossil fuels and emission of greenhouse gases ghg from waterborne must be minimised as fast as possible to reach a climateneutral society by 2050 a vital prerequisite of the decarbonisation is the rapid growth of lowcarbon power sources and energy storage to achieve this the efficient integration in the shipboard power system requires the development of highpower components and protections and more specifically dcdc power converters and dc switchgear albeit dc primary grids have been deployed for several vessels the secondary grid has remained substantially identical to traditional solution based on ac there is an opportunity to unlock the capabilities and functionalities of novel components for secondary grids that can improve the safety and the operations on the vessel these components integrated with the power converters and the protections of the primary grids will reduce the risks of blackouts connected to faults and improve the reliability of the power supplyalldcships has devised a comprehensive strategy to address the challenges faced by shipowners systems integrators and ship operators that includes1development of new modular power converters with wide bandgap devices for primary dc grids2highdensity power converters for secondary dc grids3innovative dc protection systems for primary and secondary dc grids4implementation of advanced algorithms for realtime ship energy management5rigorous testing and validation methodologies for the vessel demonstrator6providing recommendations for relevant use cases above 5000 gtalldcships will contribute to enable lowemission waterborne transport and technology transition for a resilient and sustainable future of the maritime sector
ocean glow controls on ocean productivity using ocean fluorescence detected from space

primary production in the ocean is critically important for human wellbeing it regulates atmospheric carbon dioxide as well as sustaining almost all ocean life but models predicting the impacts of climate change do not agree on the sign of ocean primary production in the coming century currently satellite observations tell us how ocean primary productivity is changing but not the underlying controls fieldwork and modelling show nutrient limitation is key but there is currently no way to observe nutrient limitation at the scales needed to monitor climate change impacts or benchmark the accuracy of models this project aims to overcome the scaling problem using direct nutrientregulated fluorescence signals passively emitted from phytoplankton and detected by satellite sensors in space although recorded for almost two decades these signals have been confounded by uncertainty in ocean glow i will take a twopronged approach to break through the current blockage in the first prong a novel laboratory mesocosm facility will be constructed and used to quantify the key factors regulating phytoplankton fluorescence emission in the same way that it is stimulated and detected by satellites in the second prong i will connect these experimental results with the real world by undertaking field observations on research cruises through the global ocean using approaches that i have pioneered in my previous research finally i will use this groundbased assessment to perform datainformed deconvolution of the satellite fluorescence signal to observe nutrient limitation at a global timeresolved scale using the existing twodecade satellite record in making a step change in the utility of satellitedetected fluorescence ocean glow will deliver the tool needed to make mechanistic assessments of how climate change is impacting ocean productivity
horizer

in women techeu horizer aims over the next 9 months to continue its personal impact pathway journey of transforming the vehicle and energy market of europe by focusing on testing and validation the business model market research and engagement and full utilization of the eic growthoriented services and mentorship
massive parallel de novo design of sensing nanopores

proteins embedded in membranes play key roles in maintaining cell integrity homeostasis and communication emerging technologies nanopore sequencing synthetic cells imitate biological systems and repurpose membrane protein for the transport and sensing of new analytes through synthetic membranes these applications have fuelled the demand for synthetic membrane proteins with properties and functions not observed in nature structurebased computational protein design is revolutionizing many aspects of biotechnology but has almost exclusively focused on protein folding in water the aim of poremadness is to develop innovative strategies to enable the design of transmembrane barrels tmbs a class of membrane proteins with excellent properties to act as nanopore sensors using multidisciplinary approaches we will address basic biophysical knowledge gaps that currently limit tmb design the design of tmb folding in synthetic membranes gives access to a wealth of tmb sequences and structures not sampled by nature because of constraints associated with biogenesis and with the composition of biomembranes we propose a combination of massive parallel de novo design and adaptive machine learning to explore this unknown tmb space to gain crucial insight into the determinants of tmb folding and to develop robust design methods as a proofofconcept poremadness will focus on the design of steroid sensing nanopores our strategy is to design a cortisol binding site across the transmembrane channel which would act as the reading head for single molecule fingerprinting my lab was first to demonstrate the feasibility of tmb design and has established a design pipeline from computation to electrophysiology and biochemical characterization this project has all the components to translate into transformative advances in nanopore sensing and sequencing by providing the nanopore rd community with accurate and innovational computational design methodologies
multimodal sensorymotorized material systems

what multimodal will develop sensorymotorized material systems that perceive several coupled environmental stimuli and respond to a combination of these via controlled motor functions shapechange or locomotion the sensorymotorized materials will be trained to strengthen upon repetitive action they can heal upon injury and mechanically adapt to different environments they will be utilized in the design of soft robots with autonomous and interactive functionshow we will utilize shapechanging liquid crystal networks lcns that undergo controlled untethered motions in response to photochemical photothermal and humiditytriggered activation coupling between these stimuli will allow for gated control strategies over the shape changes i expect that the gated control strategies in combination with stimuliinduced diffusion from surface to bulk of the lcn will enable advanced robotic functionalities the diffusion process will be used for supramolecular crosslinking and formation of interpenetrated dynamic polymer networks with the lcn to allow for trainable gaiting for versatile locomotion control we will also make mechanically adaptable amphibious grippers for autonomous object recognitionwhy technological disruptions are often due to new materials and fabrication technologies paradigm changes on how materials are perceived have profound effects on our society wellbeing and the ways we see the world here we strive for a paradigm change in robotic materials by taking inspiration from biological sensorymotor interactions we will develop multimodal materials with autonomous and interactive features these features go far beyond the capabilities of conventional stimuliresponsive materials allowing us to take inanimate shapechanging materials one ambitious step closer to motor functions of living species
terahertz integrated systems enabling 6g terabitpersecond ultramassive mimo wireless networks

tera6g aims at developing disruptive photonic wireless transceivers enabling terabitpersecond data throughput capacity and massive multipleinputmultipleoutput multiantenna techniques operating in the millimeterwave 30 ghz to 300 ghz and terahertz 300 ghz to 3 thz bands of the spectrum unlocking the fiberovertheair concept the concept uses independently steerable wireless pencilbeams with fiber data throughput capacity allowing mobile site connectivity scenarios in dense urban areas with macrostreet level densification temporal mobile site connectivity in adhoc networks and connectivity to moving objects in public or private networkshybrid photonic integration is the key enabler technology to develop a blassmatrix transmitter and an incoherentmultiband receiver with key disruptive characteristics including agility handling any modulation scheme and continuous tuning of the carrier frequency across the target spectrum range scalability handling large number of beams with 2dimensional antenna arrays for beamformed antenna gain 25 dbi and 100 steering angles beamsteering and reconfigurability performing a variety of functions from wireless data transmission or radar ranging to channel soundingthese disruptive wireless transceiver modules characteristics will be exploited at network level by developing the dynamic allocation of the network resources that these bring we plan to dynamically analyze the position of the different wireless nodes and the channel resources using respectively the radar ranging and channel sounding techniques enabled by the novel reconfigurable tera6g photonic transceivers this will allow for novel scheduling methods capable of alternating paths to establish the connectivity ensuring connection reliability and considering energy consumption in the establishment of the wireless link tera6g is the crossroad of previous h2020 projects teraway ariadne terranova and fudge5g
reinventing power electronic architectures for a fullyintegrated power converteronachip

as the world undergoes an unprecedented transformation towards decarbonized energy generation and electrification of the transportation sector there is an increasing need for efficient compact and lightweight power electronics however miniaturization of contemporary energy conversion systems is hindered by the performance limitations of the power devices and the size and weight restrictions of the passive components the enrich project proposes a fundamental reconsideration of the entire electric power conversion chain by codesign novel multilevel converter topologies with new semiconductor structures based on wide band gap materials mainly gallium nitride gan the envisioned system is inspired from the highpower equivalent of a digitaltoanalogue converter directly controlled by a single reference signal pseudoanalogue control this is the first attempt to demonstrate the concept of a solidstate selector switch which is free from magnetic components and allows all switching elements to be connected in parallel with a common source reference avoiding the burden of multiple voltageisolation zones this radical approach paves the way for true monolithic integration of the entire multilevel inverter on a single chip in the form of a power processor the proposed parallel architecture addresses all current integration challenges such as the crosstalk and backgating effects and overcomes the limitations regarding the maximum number of levels the gan power processor has huge potential to reach record power densities that are beyond what is currently possiblethe ambitious research spans across the fields of power electronics material science and control theory and aims to bring numerous benefits with important technological and socioeconomic impact in the automotive aerospace and renewable energy generation sectors
confident the digital simulation platform that revolutionizes cardiovascular interventions

confident is a disruptive cloudbased platform for digital planning of cardiovascular interventions today many patients do not have access to treatment as their case is considered at too high risk for surgery created in 2017 predisurge has developed a unique aibased solution that enables physicians to select the best therapeutic strategy for a specific patientconfidentbuilds 3d virtual models of patients anatomy and implants with reallife biomechanical behavior for the 1st time physicians can simulate procedures to predict and prevent postoperative complications our patented digital twin technology completely redefines planning potentialities of endovascular aneurysms repair and transcatheter mitral valve repairwith eic predisurge will accelerate its business development to become a world leader in predictive software solutions for cardiovascular precision medicine we will digitalize cardiovascular healthcare to change the lives of millions of patients
enhancement of memory and energyrelated properties of fluorite structured ferroelectrics

for several decades ferroelectric fe materials particularly leadbased perovskite materials attained wide attention for memory nonvolatile and energy storage applications the fe memories offer low power consumption high speed and high endurance and retention however the conventional fe materials couldnt surpass the niche applications due to the difficulties in scaling the size below the 100 nm node recently fe properties have been reported in doped hfo2 polycrystalline thin films hfo2based fe materials have several advantages over conventional materials such as leadfree compatibility with existing si technology and cmos ultrathin thickness in the range of nm and suitability for integration within 3d nanostructures therefore fluoritestructured materials can be appropriate for miniaturized devices these materials are extensively studied for memory and energyrelated applications however progress is still needed such as more control in the microstructure of the films formed phases and defects understanding of complex switching behavior including wakeup fatigue and splitup and improvement of device reliability this project investigates hfo2based epitaxial films as a model system for energy storage and memory applications we will focus on the enhancement of endurance without retention degradation of memory devices this project also aims to enhance the energy storage properties of hfo2based films moreover we will also use artificial intelligence to analyze the relatability of memory and energy devices
breakthrough in microbolometer imaging

microbolometer sensors are compact light low power reliable and affordable infrared imaging components they are ahead of the cooled infrared sensors for these criteria but lag behind them in terms of performance existing microbolometer technologies have thermal time constants around 10 msec this is more than 10 times that of cooled detectors moreover there is no multispectral microbolometer sensor available today for applications such as absolute thermography and optical gas imagingbrighter will develop 2 new classes of microbolometer solutions to reduce the performance gap with their cooled counterparts fast thermal microbolometer imaging solutions with time constant in the 25 to 5 msec range that is to say 2 to 4 times faster than that of todays microbolometer technologies read out integrated circuits able to operate up to 500 frames per seconds will also be investigated multispectral microbolometer solutions with at least access at the pixel level to 2 different wavelengths in the range 7 to 12 mthe developments will focus on pixel technology read out integrated circuit low power edge image signal processing electronic optics and image treatment algorithms all stakeholders of the value chain are involved academics rto microbolometer manufacturer algorithm developers camera integrators and end users they will collaborate to define the best tradeoffs for all usecasesthe 2 new classes of products that will spring from brighter will generate concrete benefits they will make it possible to save on material and energy in the manufacturing sector perform efficient and affordable monitoring of infrastructures and trains contribute to autonomous vehicles sensor suite decrease the road casualties among vulnerable road users better control gas emission in cities and industrial areas these new usages served by the european industry will allow europe to increase its market share in the infrared imaging industry
sustainable transitions through democratic design

codesign4transitions will develop 10 transdisciplinary earlystage researchers esrs at the intersection of codesign design for sustainability service and systems design democratic innovation and climate transitions equipped to develop new approaches and validated prototypes for action this is urgent to enable governments businesses and civil society to deliver multilevel solutions required to achieve net zero targets committed to in the paris agreement design is central to achieving this because of its capacities for enabling experimentation through prototyping to reduce the risk of failure synthesising ideas and evidence into material and visual forms for engaging stakeholders in cocreation and facilitating innovative change in contested sustainability transitions design provides a connective tissue essential to engaging publics in democratic innovation towards net zero codesign4transition offers esrs the possibility to develop crucial new approaches to democratic design for climate transitions in a crossdisciplinary intersectoral environment this will provide a unique training experience for each esr who will benefit from access to expert supervisors and mentors from academic and nonacademic sectors the network comprises 6 leading higher education beneficiaries and 13 associate partners from 9 countries who will provide advanced training including transferable skills 10 nonacademic organisations will host secondments where esrs will develop and test design approaches to transitions and critically assess how to build design capabilities the 4year research and training programme comprises research workpackages investigating prototyping materialisation and visualisation and facilitating practicesystems change in democratic climate transitions one on training and researcher development two horizontal workpackages devoted to communication dissemination and exploitation and project management underpin the network