Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
pastoral life in common an anthropological contribution to resilience research

for many of the worlds pastoralists compelling environmental factors encourage extensive livestock management across common grazing land that provides food security for millions of humans and livestock these pastoral commons are rapidly disappearing despite having proved resilient for millennia there is an urgent need to better understand the social processes that sustain resilient grazing commons dominant theories and policy initiatives directed at pastoral commons rely on an economistic model of human action where individual appropriation of collective resources must be regulated by rules and clearly delineated property rights place seeks to invert conventional theories of common resource management by proposing a novel relational approach to resilient pastoral commons built through social ties and practices of relatedness to do so requires refocusing attention away from the grazing commons and onto the domestic space of pastoral households and public ceremonial occasions in pastoral communities it is in these locations that the affective links between mothers daughters and sisters build resilient pastoral commons in synthesising a critical stance alongside a more positive proposal for relational resource use we aim to deliver a radically new understanding of the social fabric underlying pastoral landuse place will be achieved through three research objects 1 we will critically reappraise current anthropological and economic theories of the commons 2 we will compare newly collected field data with anthropological accounts and archaeological evidence 3 we will propose a new theoretical approach to the resilience of pastoral commons based on social relations
nuclear cooperation and conflict across symbiotic fungal networks

arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi amf form one of the most widespread terrestrial symbiosis on earth with the roots of plants known as mycorrhizal symbiosis multiple amf connect with multiple plants simultaneously forming large underground common mycorrhizal networks cmn where carbon and nutrients are exchanged in contrast to most organisms where a single cell carries a single nucleus a single amf cell holds thousands of nuclei this mysterious multinucleate and clonal biology has generated open questions in evolutionary biology first amf have been called evolutionary scandals for supposedly surviving millions of years without sex contradicting the theory that lack of sex in eukaryotes should lead to extinction second their permanent multinucleate nature has generated debates about what defines an amf individualmy work and others recently demonstrated that amf have a unique genetic organization with some amf containing not one but two genomes nucleotypes while we now know that variation in this genetic system exists it is unknow i how this genetic diversity is produced ii whether this variation exists in absence of sexual reproduction and iii whether this variation affects nutrient trade across mycorrhizal networks by using high resolution molecular techniques advanced microscopy image analysis and dnarna fluorescence in situ hybridization i will ask what are the costs and benefits of nuclei mixing from single cells to across connected cmn networks working across three scales i will test whether coexistence of two genetic nuclei groups result in sexual reproduction wp1 how interactions affect the mycelia fitness of interconnected strains across cmns wp2 and how nuclei mixing affects plant response and plant community assembly wp3 this work will challenge long held dogmas amf asexuality and network connectivity and can help maximize the benefits of the mycorrhizal mutualism for agriculture
additive manufacturing of living composite materials

i envision a world in which the responsive power of biological systems is harnessed through direct integration in materials and structures biological materials constantly adapt to their environment display lower embodied energy and possess remarkable mechanical properties granted by their hierarchical structures adapting these principles to humanmade objects promises to disrupt the way we engineer our highperformance critical structures however todays engineering materials remain lifeless and show only limited abilities to adapt and reinforce under load or to heal and repair in response to damage by addressing the lack of knowledge in i organism signalling ii additive fabrication and iii responsive bioinspired composites i will be amongst the first to create living composites that will bridge the gap between biology and stiff lightweight engineering structuresto achieve my vision of living structures i will cross boundaries between three previously disconnected disciplines i will i exploit the intrinsic electrical activity of fungal mycelium networks to couple electrical and mechanical response in mycelium composite materials ii enable complex shaping using new additive manufacturing technologies to create bioinspired living objects augmented with sensing and vasculature networks and iii develop topology optimised geometries and largescale living structures that adapt and remodel during use the project combines these aspects to exploit organism growth and function in a way never done before to realise stiff tough and responsive materials while paving the way for a future of living material structures
ecosystem recovery dynamics and their response to climate change and habitat fragmentation

global change degrades ecosystems worldwide to mitigate its effects is the environmental challenge of our age and restoration has emerged as the main strategy to stem the biodiversity crisis and repair damaged ecosystems despite substantial progress on the number of restoration studies and datasets there is a fundamental gap in our understanding and prediction of the patterns and mechanisms underlying ecological restoration and how they are altered by global changethe goal of recodyn is to determine the recovery rates and trajectories of biodiversity community structure and ecosystem functioning in complex multitrophic communities and how climate change and habitat fragmentation two of the largest threats to biodiversity and ecosystems in terrestrial systems influence those dynamics to achieve this i will use an integrative approach that combines the development of new theory on metacommunities and temperaturedependent food web dynamics in close dialogue with a unique longterm terrestrial mesocosm experiment recodyn is articulated around three objectives first i will investigate differences between natural assembly and recovery dynamics then i will determine the effects of global change ie climate change and fragmentation on biodiversity community structure spatial and temporal stability and key ecosystem functions of recovering ecosystems finally i will provide creative solutions to restore ecosystems in a warmer and more fragmented worldrecodyn proposes an ambitious integrative and innovative research program that will provide a muchneeded new perspective on ecological restoration in an era of global change it will greatly contribute to bridging the gap between theoretical and empirical ecology and to move restoration from an idiosyncratic discipline to a more predictive science recodyn will foster links with environmental policy by providing new restoration measures that derive from our theoretical and empirical findings
a european network of research infrastructures for co2 transport and injection

the eu has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 55 by 2030 and becoming carbon neutral by 2050 deployment of co2 capture and storage ccs from different industrial sectors across europe is a powerful fast track approach to abate co2 emissions co2 transport and injection are the essential links between capture sites and storage reservoirs the goal of encase is to contribute to a safer more costeffective and environmentally friendly co2 transport and well injection encase aims to continuously improve 7 worldleading ccsrelated research infrastructures ris in the consortium with stateoftheart scientific instruments tools and methods to be the backbone for research and development of ccs technologies codevelopment of technologies will enhance the capability of ris increase ri personnels competence and enable these ris to better address and close key knowledge gaps encase will safeguard and increase the competitiveness of these european ris through strong collaboration with the ccs infrastructure operators service companies academia and smes the ris will be available for the industrysmes for prototyping their new equipmenttechnology eg pumping concepts metering technologies and simulator tools for monitoring controlling and predicting the co2 streams with impurities the highquality data produced in encase will lift the knowledge level of industry and academia which will contribute to the development of innovative companies and the education of future workforce for the ccs industry social innovation labs and cocreation initiatives will be developed by involving different stakeholders to address specific societal needs and better integrate the ris in the local communities our success will improve the design and operation of ccs infrastructures and meet the eu climate goals thus the enhanced research capacity build by encase will benefit scientific community industry policymakers environment and society
insect clock initial training experience

organisms that inhabit the surface of the earth have evolved an endogenous 24 hour clock that infiltrates every level of biological organisation from the molecular to the ecological this biological timer is a critical adaptation to living on a rotating planet with predictable daily and seasonal cycles of light and dark warmth and cold the fruitfly drosophila melanogaster has provided the model system by which the highly conserved genetic and molecular basis of animal rhythmicity was initially dissected winning a nobel prize in 2017 to its discoverers our network incite insect clock initial training experience will provide stateoftheart doctoral training to doctoral candidates dcs in insect molecular chronobiology using a comparative approach in which the circadian clock will be studied from a variety of perspectives these will include the recruitment of the clock for i insect seasonal hibernation or diapause a critical lifehistory feature that has important implications for range expansion under global warming ii in pollination ii in pest control iv in optimising the development of insects massreared as a protein source for humananimal consumption asustainable model for agriculture and vi in fundamental circadian biology of the model insect d melanogaster in addition to their research projects dcs will be seconded to partners both academic and industrial within the network and be further exposed to a variety of successful welldefined and timetested courses that supplement those already offered at their local institutions and will enhance and develop their scientific entrepreneurial and transferable skills incite will generate highlytrained mobile and employable graduates that will be welcomed both in academia and industry
training the next generation of technological scientists to achieve societal energy environmental industrial and digital transitions

seed is a 60month interdisciplinary international and intersectoral innovative doctoral training programme provided at imt atlantique cofunded by msca programme academic and industrial partners it offers 40 earlystageresearcher esr positions spread over 2 calls 202324 and 202425 esrs will be hosted trained and supervised in one of the research groups of imt atlantique and will be seconded trained and cosupervised by academic andor industrial partners by being bottomup the perimeter of disciplines is intentionally open the current list of committed associated partners will be enriched by associated partners to join later the consortium and chosen by the esrs for the relevance of a possible secondment training andor cosupervision esrs have the opportunity to benefit from a doctoral training built on a 4i dimension i interdisciplinarity thanks to interdisciplinary thesis subjects ii international with a mandatory secondment abroad iii intersectoral with short visits to private partners andor industrial cosupervision andor an intersectoral secondment iv innovation with topics anchored into realworld challenges
european robotic orbital support services inorbit demonstration

access to space is now easier and easier and is not possible anymore to design and launch disposable spacecraft without considering the consequences onorbit servicing oos is a first step towards this change of paradigm as the technologies typically autonomous rendezvous refuelling orbital replaceable unit oru exchange repair and waste management with autonomous robotic tools will be used in future smart flexible and modular space infrastructures the growing demand for satellite life extension from commercial customers making oos an emerging market is an opportunity to support those developmentsto that purpose designing in a phase b2c the right mission and maturing the technologies to enable a gotomarket for future oos missions is the main goal for ross iod the objective is to enable the inorbit demonstration of all the key capabilities coordinated close rendezvous between two free flying spacecraft comparable in mass and inertia a first in europe and autonomous robotic operations such as capture refuelling and change of payload with a polyarticulated armin order to ensure a sound and lowcost solution the project leverages on the previous developments carried out for the last 6 years within the strategic research cluster src on space robotics technologies particularly in continuity of the past project eross and the current project erossthe final aim of the ross iod project is to prepare and carry out the last remaining steps to fly a european pioneering mission by 2026 with a customerdriven approachthales alenia space with gmv dlr and 14 european technology providers research centres large medium and small companies including one startup is following its plan to commercialise a multipurpose servicer for leo and geo servicing by 2026 and this project is a major stepping stone to provide the first gotomarket
how do tetraspanin proteins organize shape and remodel biological membranes

our bodies rely on protein driven shaping and remodelling of our cells membranes to function uncovering the mechanisms of remodelling of the cell membrane is therefore essential for understanding biological processes such as fertilization but also to allow for precise intervention in them when needed the interplay between protein position membrane tension and local curvature is believed to dictate these processes however experimental verifications of this hypothesis in specific biological systems are scarce here i propose to apply my expertise in the characterization of mechanical properties and remodelling of membranes to obtain groundbreaking quantitative details of the shaping and remodelling mechanisms in which the tetraspanin tspn family of proteins are involved tspns provide an ideal case study for several reasons they are of extreme importance to biological processes such as viral infection they are well characterized by biochemical genetic and proteomics approaches and their mode of action is suspected to depend on membrane tension and curvature of specific interest is the role of tspn in the formation of the newly discovered cellular organelles called migrasomes which are a new cellcell communication paradigm this proposed project addresses tspn functions by a bottomup approach reconstituting the processes of interest from simple building blocks and characterizing the distinguished roles of membrane tension and curvature to this end we will use several new assays based on combined optical tweezers micropipette aspiration and confocal microscopy as well as afm that will operate on crafted membrane model systems our unique experimental approach will allow us to recreate the conditions leading to migrasome formation eggsperm and viral membrane fusion revealing the mechanisms underlying these processes will have direct impact on the development of infertility treatments nonhormonal contraceptives and novel antiviral drugs
monitoring and elimination of bycatch of endangered and conserved species in the ne and high seas atlantic region

bycatch the unintentional capture of nontarget marine animals during fishing is considered one of the greatest threats to marine species globally this threat is particularly significant for protected endangered and threatened species pets including marine mammals seabirds turtles and sensitive fish species with their bycatch threatening marine ecosystem health while bycatch of pets is recognized as a significant issue advances in fully understanding risks to pets have been limited due to current inability to effectively monitor wide ranging highly mobile and cryptic species there has been further lack in advancement in approaches to reduce such risks these issues all hinder member states ability to eliminate and significantly reduce bycatch marinebeacon will respond to these challenges working across a regional seas scale to identifying where significant gaps in understanding lie and adopt innovative approaches to produce the knowledge and tools to better understand bycatch risk and vulnerability next generation monitoring tools will be produced and developed to improve understanding of the distribution and abundance of pets in addition to the levels in which they interact with fisheries cuttingedge mitigation tools and techniques will then be extensively tested across diverse fisheries and regions to ensure transferable outputs are generated to significantly mitigate against bycatch risk marinebeacon will facilitate the uptake and adoption of its targeted outputs by policy management and industry by adopting a stakeholder centered approach engaging and collaborating with stakeholder throughout the project to producing best acceptable solutions importantly marinebeacon will ensure longterm applicability and impact of outputs beyond the lifetime of the project through the production of a suite of decision support tools to ensure all measures to better monitor pets and mitigate against bycatch risk are effectively targeted
illuminating radial genome organization in the nucleus

in exciting preliminary experiments leveraging our gpseq method we discovered that the genome of mammalian cells in interphase folds into a steep radial gradient of guanine and cytosine gc density which seems to persist at the level of individual mitotic chromosomes however we still lack a fundamental understanding of how this higherorder 3d genome architecture is established and what its functional implications are here i go beyond the stateoftheart and propose that the observed steep radial gcgradient is a universal design principle of the radial arrangement of the genome in the nucleuswhich i call the radiality principlethat provides a biophysical framework for spatially orchestrating key nuclear processes beyond gene expression regulation to test this hypothesis in this project i pursue five objectives 1 first we develop a novel approach gpc for highresolution singlecell 3d genome reconstructions to study whether the radial gcgradient is indeed a universal property of nuclei across different species and cell types 2 next we apply gpc together with rnaseq to monitor genome radiality and concurrent gene expression changes as cells undergo karyotype rewiring or significant epigenetic perturbations 3 in parallel we develop innovative approaches to probe the internal structure of mitotic chromosomes and model how genome radiality is reorganized as cells traverse mitosis 4 we then expand our preliminary finding of largescale dnarna contact hubs that seem to shape celltype specific radiality landscapes by opposing the radial gcgradient 5 finally we pioneer methods for profiling nuclear proteins radially and apply them to test the bold hypothesis that the radiality principle provides a blueprint for organizing numerous nuclear processes this project aims at conclusively addressing longstanding questions in the field of 3d genome biology and proposes novel mechanisms of nuclear function regulation
enhancing noncommunicable disease research excellence through zebrafish capacity building

zencure aims to foster collaborative research and enhance scientific excellence at the institute of molecular genetics and genetic engineering university of belgrade imgge in serbia this ambitious initiative brings together imgge with worldrenowned research institutions in germany mpg portugal cf and the united kingdom uos along with an associated partner from latvia bgi rfl the overarching goal is to elevate imgges research profile by strengthening its capabilities in zebrafish zf research particularly in the context of noncommunicable diseases ncds ncds pose a significant global health challenge accounting for over 74 of all deaths worldwide these diseases are influenced by a complex interplay of genetic physiological environmental and behavioral factors recognizing the gravity of the situation the eu has prioritized ncd research under the cluster 1 health of horizon europezencure focuses on the critical role of in vivo models in ncd research ranging from identifying genetic and environmental risk factors to testing innovative therapeutics it leverages cuttingedge technologies including nextgeneration sequencing ngs and bioinformatics to enhance imgges capabilities in this field zencure is poised to accelerate the professional development of both earlystage and senior researchers as well as administrative staff this holistic approach will not only enhance imgges competitiveness in european research funding schemes but also create an inspiring and supportive research environmentzencure represents a transformative endeavor that aims to strengthen scientific collaboration improve research capabilities and contribute to the global fight against ncds by bridging the gap between imgge and leading european research institutions the project aspires to elevate imgge into a competitive and internationally recognized research institution in the western balkans fostering regional integration and convergence with the eu