Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
in situ genetic perturbation of gut bacteria with engineered phage vectors and crispr

humans live in a symbiotic relationship with trillions of microorganisms that inhabit our bodies and play an important role in health and disease there is a growing interest in manipulating the microbiome to improve health yet we currently lack the knowledge and technology to carry out precise interventions the objective of this proposal is to enable efficient in situ genetic perturbations of bacteria in the gut environment by developing the next generation of synthetic biology tools based on bacteriophage delivery vectors and crisprcas systems the first aim is to establish a collection of genetically amenable bacteria of the human gut and the associated vectors this will be achieved by delivering large combinatorial libraries of vectors to complex bacterial communities followed by the highthroughput identification and isolation of successfully modified bacteria we will also identify bacterial defense systems against horizontal gene transfer and methods to bypass them the second aim is to engineer and evolve phage vectors to deliver custom genetic circuits to the microbiome using two main approaches the construction of chimeric phage capsids and the in vivo targeted mutagenesis of phage host range determinants using diversity generating retroelements the third aim is to perform in situ genetic perturbations in the gut environment using crisprcas tools we will evaluate the efficiency and specificity of our phage vectors in the animal gut environment finally we will use our phage vectors to deliver crisprcas systems to bacteria in the mouse gut and perform forward genetic screens this will shed light on the genetic requirements for growth in the gut and on the niche occupied by different members of the microbiome altogether the knowledge and technologies developed in this project will be instrumental both to further our understanding of the gut microbiome and for the development of future microbiome targeted therapies
targeting the imidazoline i1 receptor as a novel treatment for atherosclerosis

atherosclerosis at is one of the main causes of death worldwide current treatments eg lipidlowering therapies are still insufficient to tackle future cv events and we urgently need new complementary treatments to improve therapeutic efficacy imnovath aims to develop the new idea of targeting a metabolitemetabolite receptor axis to complete our preclinical results with an existing pharmacological agent that blocks this pathway with the longterm goal of moving towards clinical trials and to a marketable product in the context of our ercfunded project we found a microbiotaderived metabolite that affects the development of innate and adaptive immunity we have subsequently found that this metabolite is both associated with and causal for at and that blockade of the sensing of this metabolite prevents at progressionwe propose 1 validation to demonstrate that blockade of the metabolitemetabolite receptor axis is effective in at treatment we will study toxicitytolerability of the existing pharmacological agent and the effectefficacy of the blockade of this axis with the pharmacological agent alone or in combination with other current goldstandard treatments for at in a preclinical therapeutic setting 2 we will reinforce our ipr position and strategy proceeding towards a marketable product based on our currently filed patent application market analysis and industry sector contacts 3 dissemination and communication activities in sum we propose an alternative therapy for at focused on the inhibition of a novel target that can generate an independent or a complementary therapy to existing goldstandard treatments for at thus increasing their effectiveness
molecular spin interactions in magnetic fields of superconducting vortices

successful implementation of modern quantum technologies is strongly tied to the efficient realization of quantum bits qubits that promise to revolutionize our current computational and information processing schemes however an outstanding challanges concerns the scalability with an expanding number of qubits making the execution of complex algorithms problematic in this respect molecular spin systems are attractive candidates for a scalable qubit platform the principal idea of the project is to study the behavior and quantum interactions of molecular spin systems exposed to the magnetic fields at the center of abrikosov vortices in typeii superconductors bscco ybco nbse2 using stateoftheart scanning probe microscopy spm this concept promises access to strongly localized magnetic fields of exceptional strength offering novel perspectives for molecular qubit research surface science and material science the findings will be further utilized to study magnetic ordering in exotic 2d materials crbr3 nii2 exhibiting noncollinear magnetic ordering the projects novelty lies both in the methodology and research objectives which will be achieved via a unique synergy of host group expertise in superconducting substrates and preparation of exotic 2d material systems and researchers knowhow in molecular spin systems and magnetic sensing with functionalized spm tips metallocene molecules
nanoscale epitaxial heterostructures involving metal halides

building epitaxial interfaces between two materials that match each other with atomic precision is key to control the flow of electrons in many technological devices spanning electronics optics and catalysis today these interfaces are realized also with colloidal nanocrystals for example in the strongly light emitting coreshell quantum dots used in tv displays for nanocrystals the synthesis of epitaxial interfaces based on traditional semiconductors metal chalcogenidespnictides etc is well consolidated while it has been much more challenging with metal halides including the popular halide perovskites for two reasons i the attempt of coupling materials that are structurally very different from each other ii the high reactivity of metal halide nanocrystals that defies conventional approaches to make heterostructures this is regretful considering that many applications in lighting energy conversion catalysis etc would greatly benefit from the ability to grow heterostructures also considering the variety of materials belonging to the metal halide family in neha i will turn the intrinsic reactivity of metal halide nanocrystals into an opportunity to redesign synthetic strategies of nanoscale epitaxial nanoheterostructures in which at least one component is a metal halide i will leverage on our recent discovery that these heterostructures can form when there is a continuity of ionic sublattices ensuring that the local coordination of ions at the interface is similar in both components my aims are to i identify materials that can be coupled to form epitaxial heterostructures ii uncover the synthesis conditions to make these nanoheterostructures iii study their properties also with advanced techniques and modelling and transformative behaviour iv exploit them in proofofconcept applications that will benefit from the presence of metal halide interfaces these will include photocatalysis photoharvesting and photonic devices
electrochemical fixation of carbon dioxide into adipic acid in a membraneless electrolyser with nonsacrifical anodes

carbon capture and utilization ccu technologies are extensively studied as potential solutions to reduce rising co2 levels in the atmosphere among all ccu technologies the electrochemical reduction of co2 using renewable energy has emerged as a promising technology for converting co2 into useful chemicals and fuels especially the utilisation of co2 via electrochemical carboxylation is a green and promising route for the synthesis of important carboxylic acids however the current electrocarboxylation processes have two serious challenges first the use of sacrificial anodes requires regular replacement of these anodes thereby limiting operational time and increasing maintenance costs and second the current systems need specialized and expensive membraneselectrocarb aims to overcome these challenges with an innovative membraneless electrolyser concept using nonsacrificial anodes for the synthesis of adipic acid via electrocarboxylation of 13butadiene with co2 the project is multidisciplinary as it lies at the interface between electrochemistry and electrochemical engineering including computational fluid dynamics modelling electrode development cell construction scaling up and technoeconomic analysis electrocarb will have a significant scientific and societal impact as findings from this project will play a pivotal role in the development of other green electrocarboxylation processes moreover the proposed work is in line with the eu strategy for the sustainable development goals of climate action and thus contributes to the enhancement of eu scientific excellence the project will advance my future career by providing multidisciplinary skills along with management leadership and entrepreneurship related skills through my nonacademic placement
modelling forest community responses to environmental change

forests encompass enormous biodiversity and provide a wealth of ecosystem services responsible for the health wellbeing and livelihoods of humans worldwide as the climate changes trees are expected to experience unique climate conditions far exceeding their native rangesa situation compounded by the proliferation of nonnative species worldwide yet there remain few approaches for reliably projecting how forests will change over the coming century in part because current models struggle to predict how groups of species will respond the goal of this project is to overcome these limitations by pioneering a fundamentally new modelling approach to forecasting how communitiesrather than single specieswill respond to the twin threats of climate change and invasive species to do this the proposed work will incorporate a functional and abiotic backbone into a theoretical model of communitylevel coexistence overcoming the key limitation of traditional species distribution models by applying this model to highresolution forest inventory data we will quantify how species traits interact with abiotic conditions management history and disturbance regimes to govern the composition and resilience of forests across north america as a result this approach will allow us to identify 1 how functional traits shape forest community composition 2 how abiotic conditions affect these relationships 3 how management history disturbance and extreme events mediate cooccurrence 4 how forest communities will change over the coming decades 5 how native and nonnative species ranges will respond and 6 the cascading effects on biodiversity and ecosystem function by providing robust projections of forest change across north america these results will directly inform management efforts to foster resilient forests while also pioneering a new generation of models for understanding how ecosystems will respond to environmental change
polyclonal antitumor immunity by engineered human t cells

adoptive t cell therapies are a new class of living drugs achieving durable results in a subset of patients with aggressive malignancies these transformative outcomes are not shared with the majority of patients with solid tumors that remain resistant to current t cell therapies as engineered t cell therapy is usually directed against a single antigen it is especially vulnerable to antigen loss as a tumor resistance mechanism moreover cancer immunotherapy often leads to severe immunerelated adverse events irae by destructive selfreactivity that must be evaluated together with the therapeutic benefit while t cell therapies with tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes might circumvent these shortcomings tumor tissue availability is limited and t cells are poorly responsive to exvivo perturbation these therapeutic challenges highlight the gaps in our knowledge of how to engineer curative antitumor immunity we recently developed foundational platforms for crispr engineering tcr repertoire manipulation and singlecell omics of primary human t cells we plan to leverage these opportune achievements to address the critical gaps in adoptive t cell therapies we will focus on three important aspects of engineered antitumor immunity efficacy safety and specificity we will tune tcr sensitivity by perturbing key genes to determine how tcr signaling balances burstlike effector function and longterm persistence we will also reveal the sequestered selfreactive t cell compartment to control for irae following immunotherapy finally we will directly uncouple antitumor tcr repertoires from their dysfunctional state to mount a polyclonal antitumor immune response this strategy is radically different from current t cell therapies as it is agnostic to specific tumor antigens and leverages preexisting polyclonal antitumor immunity these studies will chart novel blueprints for robust safe and specific engineered cell therapies targeting solid tumors
leveraging artificial intelligence to help asset managers better grasp the complexity of financial markets and make informed investment decisions

ai for alpha is a solution based on the latest artificial intelligence techniques to help investment professionals in their management decisions from our previous experiences in finance we realised that information flows faster and faster and is sometimes contradictory it is impossible as a human to analyse all these different signals at the same time to anticipate their impact on the markets our vision is that today in an increasingly complex world the asset manager needs the machine to outperform his process this is augmented intelligence in our view the machine will not replace the manager it is a decision support tool we have developed a deep learning solution to help managers analyse the impact of a considerable quantity of market data economic and financial data changes in prices in commodities currencies volatility credit spreads etc depending on market conditions the model helps the manager to anticipate regime changes and adapt to the market environment in order to determine the best investment timing the significant advantage of our solution is that the manager can see which market information explains the regime expectations at any time unlike other ai models that are often black boxes the manager here understands the models decisions and has a better understanding of the markets drivers the solution has been validated by socit gnrales research teams sg uses it to propose innovative investment solutions to their clients the solution is also deployed for a french asset management company homa capital ai for alpha has calibrated its equity strategy to anticipate regime crises in the different markets and adapt its asset allocation according to market conditions our objective now is to scale our solution and develop it for other clients
resistance to antigender politics the role of coalitions and affects

gender and sexuality became highly politicized especially after the emergence of the first antigender campaigns in europe in the mid2000s mobilisations took place in several countries against sexual and reproductive rights lgbtqi rights childrens rights gender laws and policies against hate speech and discrimination while the expanding literature on antigender campaigns has allowed us to gain significant insights about the larger political project of those involved we know less about resistance to antigender politics although resistance to antigender politics seems to involve a multiplicity of actors internally heterogeneous at times organised in coalitions the sparse literature on the topic focuses mostly on singleissue movements or campaigns adopting a rather public policy approach when accounting for the multiple actors involved studies are based on the implicit idea that some social groups are natural allies as for example women lgbtqi or racialized people leaving unaddressed the tensions and challenges permeating coalitionmaking as well as the processes that create and maintain boundaries between actors the present project coresist attempts to fill in these gaps by analysing the ways in which the foregrounding of coalitions between actors contribute to strengthening andor weakening of the resistance to antigender politics as well as the tensions and challenges that permeate coalitionmaking additionally it will explore the ways in which different actors making resistance articulate the relationship between the various issues targeted by antigender politics to do so it adopts a comparative framework of the most dissimilar cases france and romania grounded in political sociology gender studies and decolonial theory
determining optimal approach to deliver malaria vaccine in seasonal transmission areas through phase 4 implementation research

seasonal malaria chemoprevention smc the administration of sulphadoxinepyrimethamine and amodiaquine spaq during the peak period of malaria risk has proved to be a highly effective malaria control measure in areas where transmission of malaria is highly seasonal smc was administered to 45 million children in 2021 still malaria remains the main cause of hospital admissions among young children in many parts of the sahel and subsahel and additional control measures are needed to protect children the malaria vaccines rtssas01e and r21matrix provide a high level of protection during the first few months after a primary series of vaccination or after a booster dose but efficacy wanes progressively during the following months and years thus in areas with seasonal malaria transmission one potential use for these vaccines which provide a high but relatively short period of protection is administration of an annual booster dose given prior to the malaria transmission season in children who have received three priming doses of the vaccine in the first year of life however there is a debate about the best approach to delivery of the booster doses and the main objectives of this study are to determine whether annual booster doses of rtssas01e vaccine administered pretransmission season through a mass campaign will achieve better coverage and higher impact on the incidence of malaria than pretransmission booster doses delivered by an epi programme at vaccination centres this will be a pragmatic implementation study involving two cohorts of children two districts that have comparable malaria epidemiology social structure coverage of epi vaccines and access to treatment will be identified in both mali and in guinea from the list of districts that are selected for roll out of rtssaso1e vaccine by the ministry of health this project will provide important information on the optimum delivery which could save many lives
sesames upgrading network for scientific user training and outreach into the next era

sunstone is dedicated to reinforcing the sesame synchrotron light for experimental science and applications in the middle east facility this initiative includes eight key european and middle eastern research infrastructures and organisations with the paul scherrer institut as an associate participantthe primary aim of sunstone is the sustained consolidation of sesame a pivotal research infrastructure utilised by eight member countries cyprus egypt iran israel jordan pakistan palestine and turkey along with other nations in the middle east and has an extended focus towards africa the project endeavours to bolster sesames scientific capabilities service provision and its standing as an international hub of research and excellence the project addresses several crucial challenges enhancing sesames visibility and membership in the middle east through targeted outreach and promotional activities guaranteeing the longterm sustainability of sesame and its role in fostering african scientific advancement broadening and educating a wider user community in light source techniques elevating the quality of user support at sesame facilities amplifying the international influence of european light sources and their collaboration with sesame developing the capacity and skills of african researchers tackling global societal issues by capitalising on sesames capabilitiessunstone capitalises on past achievements and partnerships deepening ties between european facilities sesame and their respective user communities as an associate to the league of european acceleratorbased photon sources leaps sesame has strong european connections in its outreach to africa sesames membership already includes egypt supplemented by ongoing collaborations with additional african entities these connections will be strategically leveraged to effectively pursue objectives related to african scientific growth and capacity enhancement
molecular control and characterization of chiral hydrogenbond networks

chirality and water both play key roles in various aspects of biological functions and disentangling waters role in chiral recognition in biological processes is paramount to ultimately understanding the origins of homochirality hydrochiral proposes to do this by developing groundbreaking instrumentation that uses broadband molecular rotational spectroscopy combined with supersonic expansions buffer gas cell technology and novel chiral capabilities to explore pressings topics at the forefront of water research and chirality such as the generation and characterization of chiral water the generation of larger water clusters to examine the first solvation shell and absolute configuration determination for analytical applications this technique will differentiate between enantiomers diasteriomers and conformers within complex gas mixtures while enabling the study at an unprecedented accuracy of the chiral water structures that form in the solvation of biomolecules and unravel the active role of water in most biological processes the project will demonstrate the use of chiral techniques that have been developed for rotational spectroscopy on molecular clusters for the first time and it will use enantiomerselective population transfer techniques to tilt the racemic nature of chiral water clusters and create enantiomerically enriched water the proposed research encompasses my three fields of expertise to perform cuttingedge research in water cluster science chirality and solvation using the advantageous features of rotational spectroscopy the outcomes of hydrochiral will open new horizons for not only fundamental research in physical chemistry and molecular physics but also in applied fields ranging from analytical chemistry to asymmetric synthesis in pharmaceutical applications such as drug discovery where absolute configuration determination is crucial
accelerating datacentre performance through memory chips to efficiently manage the big data age

datacentres have become a backbone of the modern economy they currently consume 2 of worldwide electricity rising to 10 by 2030 while compute accounts for 40 of this energy 80 of this compute energy is related to moving data between the main memory chips and the processor cpu a structural bottleneck within server design that causes slowdown and low cpu usage development of groundbreaking processinginmemory pim technology by upmem prevents this data movement by performing calculations in the memory chips where the data resides by eliminating the need to move data off chips pim bypasses structural bottlenecks the power of upmems technology comes from leveraging existing industry protocols chip technology and programing languages and designing pim modules that fit into standard memory slots when compared to those using conventionalmemory pim equipped servers have proven to be up to 20x faster 10x more efficient and cheaper for big data and ai applications