Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
deep learning of chemical reactions

the exploration of reactions is a central topic in chemistry compared to the success of machine learning for molecules the modeling of reactions is lagging behind especially for stereo and regioselective reactions since current efforts toward sustainable synthesis such as asymmetric organocatalysis or biocatalysis rely on the accurate prediction of enantio and regioselective reaction pathways new modeling approaches are needed the proposed project aims toward developing new datadriven deep learning frameworks for modeling organic and enzymatic reactions focusing on chemo regio and stereoselectivity arising through intermolecular interactions with the reagent solvent or catalyst in detail we target the rulefree stereochemistryaware modeling and subsequent experimental validation of asymmetric organocatalysis to identify new enantioselective transformations the exploration of new biocatalytic synthesis pathways including enzymatic cascades and the accurate prediction of activation energies via developing new deep learning approaches we will expand molecular graphconvolutional neural networks and graph transformers to reactions in a rulefree manner and introduce hidden threedimensional representations to account for stereochemistry and intermolecular interactions yielding a versatile opensource toolbox for reaction deep learning this approach largely surpasses current approaches which rely on twodimensional representations reaction rules or threedimensional input data in offering the opportunity to model threedimensional aspects and atommapping onthefly for the first time representing a significant breakthrough in this field its experimental validation campaign further allows for a direct application to the identification of new asymmetric organocatalytic transformations as well as enzymatic cascades including cofactor recycling and sideproduct reduction addressing the current need for more sustainable synthesis
quantum interactions in photoninduced nearfield electron microscopy

breakthroughs in electron microscopy over the past 15 years have introduced femtosecond laserdriven electron microscopes that probe matter and even hybrid lightmatter polaritons with ultrafast time resolution however such systems still mostly extract classical properties of light and matter this project will pursue the next frontier extract quantum properties of light and matter such as correlations and entanglement we will develop a new concept of laserdriven electron interferometry for the goal of creating and measuring quantum correlations in the ultrafast regimeover the past 4 years my group has shown how free electrons can interact coherently with light in photonic cavities and even get imprinted by the quantum photon statistics of light leveraging such interactions enabled us and other groups to develop theories and experiments for controlling the wave nature of individual electrons creating coherently modulated electron wavepacketshere we will harness such coherent electron modulation to develop new microscopy modalities that can reveal important quantum properties of light matter and their interactions we are going to make the first observation of quantum nonlinear optical dynamics of polaritons in 2d materials to measure the quantum state dynamics in superradiant quantum dot ensembles and to capture the spatiotemporal dynamics of correlated matter such as the creation and annihilation of vortices in superconductorstoward this goal we will develop a unique ultrafast freeelectron interferometer operating at cryogenic temperatures exploiting the quantum electronphoton interaction in this system can create unprecedented manyelectron entangled states that break classical limits in electron microscopy specially designed photonic cavities will amplify the entanglement and promote electron microscopy as a novel platform for fundamental studies of quantum information science
tuning the electronic structure of twodimensional semiconductor junctions

lateral junctions between twodimensional 2d semiconductors are conceptually the smallest possible electronic devices this project investigates the basic physics of these systems as the type of band alignment the band bending and depletion region which are decisive parameters for any application semiconductor junctions composed of 2d transition metal dichalcogenides tmds will be prepared on hexagonal boron nitride hbn or graphene gr on ir111 the use of the singlecrystalline metal substrate allows the application of surface science methods for preparation and characterization while the ultrathin buffer layer leaves the intrinsic properties of tmds undisturbed intercalation of guest atoms between the buffer layer and ir will be used as an elegant and noninvasive method for doping the tmds this will also tune intrinsic band bending at the 1dinterface of the tmd junctions which is yet to be explored for various 2d systems to separate the effect of inhomogeneous doping and inhomogeneous structure two types of lateral tmd junctions will be prepared homojunctions will be achieved by doping only one part of the tmd island by extending it over the interface of intercalated patches in hbn heterojunctions will be composed of two different tmd materials grown on homogeneous vdw substrate either fully intercalated or pristine samples will be prepared by combining two tmds res2 and ws2 and two dopants n and p scanning tunneling spectroscopy sts and kelvin probe force microscopy kpfm will be used for the characterization of the 1dinterfaces and the reconstruction of the band diagrams dielectric screening induced by the substrate will be analyzed by comparing values of the band gaps and shifts of critical energy points between different systems this will deepen the understanding of the origin of band bending in 2d systems inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy iets will be used as a potentially new technique for detecting excitons
mathematical random graph models for realworld dynamical networks

networks are all around us and hugely affect us the neurons in our brain covid19 spreading through the population or computer viruses attacking digital infrastructure via computer networks experts estimate that in the us alone their government faced costs over 137 billion dollars due to cyberattacks in 2018 insight into the structure and vulnerability of computer networks can help strengthen our defences against cyberattacks reducing future cost and disruption analysing mathematical models of realworld networks can provide such insight the abstract level of mathematics also makes such analyses widely applicable in various settings like hacking of computer networks and viral pandemics most networks change over time they grow shrink and gain and lose connections like neural plasticity friendships made and lost and computers breaking down many mathematical models however do not incorporate such realistic dynamics of evolving realworld networks they only allow for network growth not for removal of nodes and connections this creates a gap between the theoretical knowledge and the practical use thereofi aim to close this gap by analysing properties of two models for realworld networks that incorporate realistic dynamics preferential attachment with vertex and edge removal and firstpassage percolation on weightdependent random connection models the outcomes of this research can influence policy discussions around protecting digital infrastructure and our response to viral pandemics tying in with the european commissions current priorities regarding digitalisation and health within nextgenerationeu the research through training provided within this fellowship will provide me with leadership skills and more experience in writing grant proposals and supervising students combined with its scientific training it will help me solidify my potential as an earlycareer researcher and obtain a tenuretrack position at a top european university
flexible scalable and secure decentralized operating system

fluidos leverages the enormous unused processing capacity at the edge scattered across heterogeneous edge devices that struggle to integrate with each other and to coherently form a seamless computing continuum by way of a disruptive opensource paradigm that hinges upon secure protocols for advertisement and discovery aipowered resource orchestration and intentbased service integration fluidos will create a fluid dynamic scalable and trustable computing continuum that spans across devices unifies edge and cloud in an energyaware fashion and possibly extends beyond administrative boundaries notwithstanding its innovation signature fluidos will build upon consolidated operating systems and orchestration solutions like kubernetes on top of which it will provide a new enriched layer enacting resource sharing through advertisementagreement procedures in the horizontal dimension and hierarchical aggregation of nodes inspired by interdomain routing in the internet in the vertical dimension intentbased orchestration will leverage advanced ai algorithms to optimize costs and energy usage in the continuum promoting efficient usage of edge resources a zerotrust paradigm will allow fluidos to securely control and access geographically diverse resources while trusted platform modules will provide strong isolation and guarantee a safe deployment of applications and services fluidos will pursue the above goals through the creation of an open collaborative ecosystem focused on the development of a multistakeholder market of edge services and applications promoting european digital autonomy the involvement of stakeholders is planned from the outset of the project through pilots and demonstrator in the fields of intelligent energy agriculture and logistics which will challenge fluidos capabilities to adapt to different environments and operating conditions while showcasing its groundbreaking innovation potential
a unique commercially viable recombinant manufacturing platform for human fibrinogen rhfib thrombin rhthr

we have developed the recofib platform a market first recombinant production platform for human fibrinogen rhfib thrombin rhthr using chinese hamster ovary cells cho expression technology patented upstream purification processes we are the first producer of fully intact functional recombinant fibrinogen and active thrombin at commercially acceptable cost ending reliance on blood plasma our recofib platform can produce individual fibrinogen variants whose specific functional properties can now be fully harnesseda breakthrough discovery from these individual variants we can develop customized products for 1 bioactive topical hemostats to stop excessive bleeding during surgery 2 medical implant coating reducing antibiotic resistance of mrsa bacterial biofilms and 3 supply of rhfib variants rhthr as oem products additional benefits of our rhfib variants compared to plasma fibrinogen include more stability 10100x higher purity and improved safety profile
cultural heritage outreach in romance languages

the cultural heritage outreach in romance languages programme choral is naturally linked to the enlarged european alliance university unita that brings together the universities of turin and brescia italy savoie mont blanc and pau et pays de ladour france beira interior portugal timisoara and transilvania brasov romania navarra and zaragoza spain these universities i have a strong track record of participating in international networks joint research programs educational and innovation projects they also share a strong common heritage linked to romance languages speaking populations french italian portuguese romanian and spanish in this context a dedicated cultural heritage hub chh has been created to establish a research network within the alliance structuring its research ecosystem facing cultural related challenges this alliance aims to become a key player in the construction of the european higher education and research area by developing an integrated european university that combines education research and innovation with a focus on research areas that are strategic for the economic development of their territories the chh hopes to raise awareness and find solutions to societal challenges that the european union is currently facing in order to strengthen rural territories empower crossborder mountain communities and reduce inequalities between the core and its peripheries in a context of current crisis and as natural borders have always been used to unite or divide communities the challenges facing european cultural heritage are numerous so that a common training has become crucial choral doctoral programme will allow to progress in building a real community and sharing knowledge within unita chh this will be achieved by consolidating joint training and research activities and by putting together senior researchers doctoral candidates and research managers around cultural heritage and europes cultural identity
physicsbased remote touch

humans rely on their sense of touch to achieve fine manipulation tasks and interact with their surroundings however feeling the tactile properties of a remote environment remains a challenge for two main reasons first current robotic systems are rarely equipped with tactile sensing and second only forces are fed back to the users in this project the final goal is to create a bilateral tactile telemanipulation system bridging the gap for touch over a distance to cope with the large bandwidth required for this tactile interaction i propose a new encoding of the tactile information inspired by human touch first i will acquire a large database of robotic mechanical interactions in order to extract primitives of spatiotemporal deformation second this dictionary will allow me to distill tactile features from any interaction and render tactile properties to a remote userthe robotic decoding part will be carried out under the supervision of prof adelson in the massachusetts institute of technology using the gelsight tactile sensor in the return phase i will integrate humans intheloop by designing a novel haptic device and studying the effect of applied skin deformation on the perception of tactile properties this integration will be done under the supervision of dr wiertlewski from delft university of technology this interdisciplinary project requires skills in biomechanics perception robotics and control as well as modeling and machine learning which will be part of the applicant trainingif granted this project will for the first time encode the tactile information in a dictionary of primitives essential for sensing compression and reproduction of rich tactile stimuli in addition the remote touch platform will have applications in a wide range of the fields where delicate touch is necessary such as healthcare or remote exploration and navigation in environments such as nuclear reactors or space
smart subpixel urban flood mapping from open earth observation and crowdsourcing

floods are major natural disasters with severe impacts in urban areas where increasingly high population density and infrastructure together with worsening climate change trends exacerbate the risk reliable and timely monitoring is critical for resilience in terms of predisaster preparedness emergency response and postdisaster relief remote sensing accurately evaluates flood extent but data can be expensive and inaccessible open rs represents a not fully exploited potential limited by the relatively coarse resolution moreover recent advances in computer vision techniques based on deep learning dl and novel observational opportunities can provide valuable information on both flood extent and depth in combination with rssturm aims to advance urban flood knowledge by combining open rs sentinel imagery and crowdsourcing semantic and visual data using dl with the ambition of overcoming the constraints of spatial resolution and limited information sturm leverages free and newly available opportunistic observing systems providing a globally consistent opensourcebased smart method for improved multisource observations of hydroclimatic hazardous events in urban areas the research objectives are to assess and accurately map urban flood extent and depth with enhanced spatial resolution subpixel mapping and measurements from streetlevel images and validate the methodology against real disaster events sturms novel data fusion paradigm suits the demand to fill data and knowledge gaps at the urban scale while offering a benchmark solution for hydrological model validation the dlbased pipeline combines the strengths of globally available data sources while reducing human and economic resource consumption global applicability low cost and immediate usability are methodological pillars of the sturm project that determine its high impact potential to enhance urban flood resilience and face the global hydrological challenges of the 2030s and beyond
signaling decoded in enhancer states a molecular basis for plasticity in development and differentiation

transcription is regulated by transcription factors tfs bound at enhancer elements located longdistances from the genes they regulate how does this account for dynamic responses to the environment via signaling canonical views invoke signal induced changes in tf expressionmodification or cofactor localization but here we suggest that tf occupancy could be present before and after the signal establishing competence ensuring plasticity and blocking premature commitment for erk signaling a central regulator of embryonic stem cell esc differentiation we found enhancers were regulated via selective recruitment of rna polymerase ii rnapii and associated cofactors in this case tfs do not play a direct role in enhancer regulation but safeguard future activation in response to changes in signaling in the context of developmental biology this paradigm could explain the dynamic nature of cell specification in the early mammalian embryo in this proposal we seek to understand enhancer specific regulation by erk exploit our ability to manipulate erk to disentangle mechanism and focus on preimplantation development to explore how these phenomena explain plasticity to circumvent heterogeneity created by feedback inhibition we developed a unique esc line for cell intrinsic and synchronous erk induction we combine these escs with rapid tf degradation mutants to isolate homogeneous cell states that can be exploited to generate unique datasets and identify key factors within erk response we address how coactivator phosphorylation promotes selective recruitment of mediatorrnapii explore the fundamental nature of enhancer activity and ask how uncoupling of transcriptional regulation from tf binding underpins developmental plasticity by exploiting our capacity to modulate enhancer activity via signaling we not only address how signaling regulates transcription to drive differentiation choices but how enhancers themselves regulate gene expression
building capacities in innovation procurement for cities

the building capacities in innovation procurement for cities build project will roll out a number of training and capacity building actions targeted at upskilling the public procurers on the topic of innovation procurement public procurement is a powerful instrument to drive faster adoption of innovation among public sector users while simultaneously promoting economic growth by providing innovative companies opportunity for first user references the strategic use of procurement to boost demand for innovative goods of services has become an important part of the innovation policy agenda in many eu countries and is at the core of the new eu public procurement directive 201424eu which underlines importance of opening opportunities for public procurement of innovation eg by introducing a new innovation partnership procedure build integrates the highestquality capacitybuilding tools to facilitate the rollout of capacity building and training services to cities build will engage and train public private procurers smes and startups via both onsite and online avenues on a number of topics like 1 guiding principles valonia 2 legal knowledge and procedures rotterdam 3 preliminary market consultation ce 4 precommercial procurement turku 5 competitive dialogue turku 6 competitive procedure with negotiation tartu 7 innovation partnership valonia 8 legal questions and considerations rotterdam and 9 risk assessment valonia lastly build will link and establish synergies with research and innovation projects funded by the eu via horizon europe or other eu funding programmes with specific focus on eu funded projects fostering ppi with the aim of facilitating mutual learning and knowledge exchange and will also set up a proactive dissemination action which will facilitate outreach to key target audiences namely public and private buyers publicowned enterprises smes and startups research institutions among others
the extracellular matrix as a mediator of cellcell communication in cardiovascular inflammation

cardiovascular diseases as coronary artery disease cad and its sequelae myocardial infarction mi and heart failure represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized and developing countries atherosclerosis is the pathology causing cad and mi both are characterized by a sterile inflammation with a chronic and acute course of the disease respectively there is a plethora of cell types as leukocytes endothelial cells vascular smooth muscle cells platelets fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes which play important roles in the initiation propagation and termination of the pathophysiological processes recent data from genetic studies found that genetic variation influencing extracellular matrix ecm proteins is associated with cardiovascular diseases we found that such proteins which are secreted by one cell type influence phenotypes of other cell types via eg silencing of inflammatory functions or modulation of ecm composition the ecm hence not only represents a meshwork in which cells are organized but also a communication hub to transduce mechanical stimuli and cellcellinteraction signals here we aim to explore the ecm proteome in sterile inflammatory diseases as atherosclerosis and mi in an unprecedented depth we aim to identify novel regulators which give insights into the underlying processes and we will study the molecular and cellular mechanisms modifying the course of the disease this will lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets which might reshape our understanding of how these diseases occur and how we can prevent them and to the development of novel individualized treatment strategies finally we aim to translate our findings to humans to get first insights on whether these strategies can be adapted and used in clinical trials matricard will go beyond technical boundaries and lead to a deep knowledge of ecmmediated cellcellcommunication and reveal its translational potential