Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
the silent phase of alzheimers disease from brain states to homeostatic failures

neuronal circuits must balance stability and plasticity how this balance is compromised in brain disorders remains one of the most fundamental questions in neuroscience pioneering studies in the field established that homeostatic mechanisms stabilize the function of a system at a setpoint level of activity recently we have identified bona fide mitochondrial regulator of activity set points and provided support to our standing hypothesis that homeostatic failures destabilize network activity in alzheimers disease ad however we have just scratched the surface of the mechanisms stabilizing activity set points in vivo i propose a conceptual and experimental framework to identify the cellularmolecular and circuitwide in vivo mechanisms underlying stability of hippocampal circuits across distinct brain states and stabilityplasticity balance using a wide range of optical electrophysiological computational and molecular tools we will explore homeostatic regulation of activity in hippocampal circuitry a crucial substrate for memory formation and its relation to ad first we will establish governing principles of homeostatic regulation in physiological context of sleep and learning next we will explore the underlying molecular drivers of homeostatic regulation finally we will test the causal relationship between dyshomeostasis of activity in hippocampal circuits sleep disturbances and cognitive decline in ad models to target these questions we will utilize the basic concepts of control theory and an integrative approach which spans brainstate neural circuit synaptic and molecular levels we believe that this understanding is an essential step to uncover the principle basis underlying the transition from a presymptomatic disease stage to clinically evident cognitive ad impairments the proposed research will elucidate fundamental principles of neuronal function and reveal conceptually novel insights into how to maintain ad in a dormant state
innovative value chains for european ceramic oxide fibres

oxide fibre reinforced ceramics socalled oxide ceramic matrix composites ocmc have to be considered as strategic materials from now to the future eg for use in next generation aeroengines stationary gas turbines powertox processes with concentrated solar power csp chemical industry batch carrier for high temperature processes etc today such highend ocmc components and the key raw material the ceramic fibres as reinforcement component are mainly exclusively produced in the united states but as these are key components for the european manufacturing energy and aerospace industry there is a need to develop a european oxide fibre and ocmc component industry decreasing dependence on noneu producersthe invecof project addresses this need and provides a substantial contribution to sustainable product innovation action through the two following key activities1to develop a european oxide ceramic reinforcing fibre equivalent to us fibres and to establish it among end users rof fibre and 2to develop and validate a nextgeneration fibre in parallel with improved thermosmechanical properties ngo fibre the rof fibre will present an equivalent to the dominant 3m nextel fibres with better availability without dualuse restrictions from the us and possibly lower price is needed and the ngo fibre will have improved thermomechanical properties compared to the benchmark fibres in order to make processes plants turbines etc more energy efficient through higher application temperaturesthe project invecof innovative value chains for european ceramic oxide fibres covers the whole process chain beginning from fibre development and production over weaving these fibres to fabrics to ocmc manufacturing coupons and demonstrators for every enduser application up to testing oxfibers and ocmc components in relevant environments with project partners for every step from three countries in europe
building on the achievements of plan s to further advance open access and scholarly communication

the european commission has made great strides in pushing for a more open scholarly publishing system in the past 15 years and open access to publications is now mainstreamed into the european commission research funding framework the ec has been supporting a consortium of research funders called coalition s that have adopted an open access mandate for recipients of their funding called plan s which required coalition s grantees to publish all peerreviewed articles resulting from their grant funds in open access oa in the five years since plan s was published coalition s has grown from 12 founding members to 28 and the plan s principles have been implemented in the participating funders policies we are now in a position to evaluate the first five years of plan s and coalition s and reflect on lessons learned and the road aheadthe oaadvance project will contribute to strengthening coalition s as an instrument to advance the european commissions and participating funders shared vision to deliver full and immediate oa it will work to achieve this by assessing the impact of plan s through an independent review and by providing recommendations on how to build on the achievements of plan s to support a new vision for the future of scholarly publishing
science communication through immersive media arts an innovative framework for artsbased science communication

science communication sc is more important than ever the recent covid19 pandemic demanded public accountability clear discussion and the ability to disagree in public sc may be essentially defined as the social appropriation of science and technology enhanced by the integration of science with other beliefs therefore if science can inspire art can art inspire interest and learning about science in its turn how can we make use of artistic expression driven by emerging technology such as 360degree video virtual reality augmented reality or mixed reality as to create innovative and effective artsbased science narratives in spite of the growing proliferation of collaborative artistic exhibitions performances and installations that aim to activate science schwartz 2014 it is still unclear whether artsbased science communication absc is distinctively effective in raising awareness or shaping public policy most absc projects fail to articulate information about project goals and few projects disseminate performance assessments lesen et al 2016 thus this research project is focused on obtaining a systematic understanding of the main objectives challenges and outcomes surrounding absc and whether and in what ways these projects set and meet goals as well as what steps can be taken to foster best practices by developing conducting and critically reflecting upon a series of immersive media absc experiments involving scientists immersive media artists and the general public the ultimate goal is to obtain an innovative framework with guidelines and best practices for future immersive media and other artsscience collaborative projects while further conceptualizing the field of artsscience collaborations and generating substantial impact on society
entering the deep quantum regimes of nonequilibrium thermodynamics

can we extend nonequilibrium thermodynamics to probe complex quantum phenomena in the 90s the scope of thermodynamics broadened to include small systems and farfromequilibrium transformations building on these advances the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics has recently lead to breakthroughs formulating nonequilibrium thermodynamics in the quantum regime motivations range from the search of quantum advantages in heat engines or quantum batteries to the expression of global constraints on manybody quantum dynamics stemming from the second law however deep quantum regimes where largest deviations from classical thermodynamics are expected remain elusive limiting applications at weak systemreservoir coupling a finer description of the coherentdissipative regime is lacking to evaluate the resource costs of quantum control optimize quantum heat engines or understand the energy transfers during a quantum measurement this in turn hinders experimental developments of quantum thermodynamics in more platforms to express fundamental nonequilibrium bounds on the energy exchanges with quantum materials and use thermodynamics to probe manybody dynamics new coarsegrained description are crucially neededproject qarnot will address those timely issues owing to a novel strategy combining cuttingedge methods from quantum open system theory beyond the most common approximations with newlyderived universal thermodynamic descriptions of quantum systems to bridge the gap between quantum thermodynamic laws and experimentally or theoretically accessible physical variablesby unlocking the deep quantum regimes of nonequilibrium thermodynamics qarnot will provide a new versatile analytical toolbox to probe quantum manybody and dissipative dynamics notably qarnots advances will be employed to solve the important bottleneck of the thermodynamic description of realistic quantum measurement and enable a broad experimental use of thermodynamic concepts
mott insulator transition in a quantum fluid of light

photons are great carriers of information but they usually dont interact with one another atoms interact but are hard to manipulate and do not benefit from the toolbox of quantum optics for detecting quantum fluctuations and entanglementmany approaches have been proposed to marry these two systems for quantum simulation of condensed matter with strongly interacting photons but to date the realization of largescale synthetic materials made of optical photons is still missingmy project targets this exciting goal namely the creation of synthetic photonic matter it relies on the original approach of engineering a quantum phase transition in a fluid of lightspecifically i will investigate the superfluid to mott insulator transition for light propagating in a dense cold atomic cloud photons will acquire an effective mass due to the paraxial approximation and i will generate and tune the strong photonphoton interactions via a giant kerr nonlinearity induced by manipulating atomic coherences in this regime photons will behave as a quantum fluid of light and follow an evolution similar to ultracold atomic quantum gasesmy original hypothesis is that a fluid of light should undergo the same phase transition driven by quantum fluctuations as quantum gases do and that a manybody state of light will emerge from this transitionat the fundamental level a mott insulator state of light allows for exploring truly quantum effects such as the emergence of analogue of phase transition in nonequilibrium systems the presence of quantum depletion and prethermal states and the entanglement dynamics in manybody systemson the applied side a photonic mott insulator is a giant source of single photons or any fock state with potentially several hundreds of lattice sites delivering tunable photon numberstates in parallel it will be a game changer for scalability issues in photonics quantum technologies
wireless stentlike soft millirobots stentbot for minimally invasive brain vasculature disease treatments

diseases in the brain vasculature such as acute ischemic stroke aneurysm and brain tumors are fatal and require medical devices to treat them with minimal invasion however current tethered devices have limited safe access into the distal or tortuous vascular routes which prevent saving lives of some patients therefore we propose a wireless stentshaped magnetic soft millirobot stentbot which would have the capability of safe access to such routes also the stentbot will be able to be repositioned afterwards without repeating the same procedure fully again if the disease location changes or if the initial position of the device is observed to be not optimal such robot concept was originated in the ercadg project of the pi after reaching its target location safely and precisely under medical imaging and external magnetic actuation guidance the robot will deliver the tissue plasminogen activator drugs ondemand locally to treat the acute ischemic stroke moreover the robot will be used to treat aneurysms minimally invasively by becoming a flow diverter to regulate flow into the aneurysm sites
digitalization of public service delivery and inclusive development

an estimated 57 million people die every year and another 100 million are pushed into extreme poverty due to limited access to essential public services in lowincome countries lancet health commission 2018 governments across the globe have responded by adopting digital technologies eg by making services available to citizens virtually in the hopes of providing broader faster and cheaper access to public services while highincome countries have made impressive strides in this regard lowincome countries continue to struggle with nearly onethird of digitalization projects being abandoned and substantial resources being wasted world development report 2016 moreover even when successful these digitization projects they risk excluding vulnerable individuals with limited connectivity potentially widening existing inequalitiesthis research proposal aims to advance our understanding of i the determinants of the success or failure of digitalization in the public sector of developing countries and ii the ways digital technologies can be harnessed to improve the efficiency and inclusion of public service delivery thereby producing more robust and inclusive economic growth in collaboration with local governments and ngos i will design and carry out four largescale randomized experiments in countries where public services are being digitized india indonesia sierra leone liberia in these experiments i will study digital technologies that influence i the demand for public services by allowing citizens to access them digitally and ii the supply of inperson services by remotely monitoring or supervising the delivery agents the results will inform public policy in lowincome countries ultimately helping a broader segment of the population access more and higher quality public services
hidden states and currents in biological systems

the ability to infer information about hidden degrees of freedom from time series would revolutionize experiments on single molecules mesoscale assemblies and tissues as well as financial and climate systems hidden dynamics are often essential as they reflect the approaching of a critical transition or describe its mechanism eg the folding of a protein or rna or an abrupt shift in climate with the project proposed here i plan to push our quantitative understanding of experiments ranging from singlemolecule spectroscopy to observations of migrating cells and developing tissues to a new level by exploiting how the properties of a highdimensional landscape and current imprint onto the time ordering of projected states along individual trajectories i will introduce functionals of projected paths that are easily inferred from data and analyze their statistics and measure concentration by combining the theory of functionals of stochastic paths concentration inequalities and semiclassical analysis and apply these to singlemolecule force spectroscopy and plasmon ruler experiments cell tracking and molecular dynamics simulations a distinctive characteristic of the project is the focus on nonasymptotic measure concentration ie on occurs with high probability results that will be addressed for the first time in the context of nonequilibrium physics providing a new framework for interpreting experimentsusing the information readily encoded in the data but inaccessible to existing approachesthe project will generate new knowledge that will resolve the longstanding debate about intermediates in dna rna and protein folding controversies about non converging dynamics of folded proteins and shed new light on the operation of nanomachines and selfassembly far from equilibrium as well as cell movements during tissue regeneration it will lead to a paradigmshift in soft matter and biophysics and may reshape actuarial and climate science
energyefficient hardware implementation of memristorbased inmemory computing

neuromorphic engineering is an emerging bioinspired discipline that morphs the biological brain on custom silicon although memristors rose as a potential synapse to solve the density challenge in a memristive crossbar the scalability of the crossbar is limited by its power dissipation and chip area to contribute to low power dissipation i focus on improving the energy efficiency of the synapses nonfilamentary category and neurons which are the fundamental constituents of the neural networkenabled iots the energy efficiency of the synapses will be improved by applying fast switching pulses on the bulkbased synapses that result in low switching currents the energy efficiency of the neurons will be improved by taking advantage of the fdsoi28nm technology node by which the neurons are designed a dedicated pcb will be designed assembled and mounted that house both the synapses and the neurons which will be energyefficiently used to recognize digits or letters by unsupervised learning rule
towards cancer patient empowerment for optimal use of antithrombotic therapy at the end of life

despite the fact that antithrombotic therapy att has little or even negative effects on the wellbeing of cancer patients during their last year of life stopping att is rare in clinical practice in contrast att is often continued until death resulting in excess bleeding higher healthcare costs and increased disease burden serenity will develop an informationdriven palliative care shared decisionmaking process enabled by a userfriendly easily accessible webbased shared decision support tool sdst that will facilitate treatment decisions regarding appropriate use of att in cancer patients at the end of life serenity will use a comprehensive approach consisting of a combination of realist review flash mob research three epidemiologic studies in nl uk and dk and qualitative interviews the results of these studies will be used in a delphi process to reach consensus on the optimal design of the intervention using the consensus reached in the delphi process the sdst will be designed to be patientspecific with adaption to gender cancerrelated cultural and socioeconomic factors proceeding the sdst will be tested and optimised in a randomised clinical trial a targeted implementation and exploitation plan will be developed to enable the use of the serenity approach across europe as well as incorporation in national and paneuropean clinical guidelines and policies the intervention will ultimately lead to appropriate use of att prevention of bleeding complications and considerable cost savings in addition to improved quality of life and treatment satisfaction of patients their carers and involved healthcare professionals the intervention will empower cancer patients and their carers enabling them to make their own choices the intervention will reduce the disease burden of hundreds of thousands of people living with cancer receiving palliative care each year throughout all eu regions
prevention of radiotherapy and chemotherapy induced oromucosal wounds using an oral application gel murnia mouth gel

cancer is a devastating and costly condition expected to increase significantly by 2030 according to the 2018 who report the global cancer burden is estimated at 181 million new cases annually mucositis is a condition in cancer patients that manifests as severe ulcerations in the mouth and the gastrointestinal tract oral mucositis om is cancer treatments most significant side effect worldwide mucositis can be caused by chemotherapy andor radiotherapy it occurs in nearly 40 of patients receiving conventional ct 80 receiving highdose ct as conditioning for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 100 receiving hn radiation therapy with 65 of those progressing to severe grade levels with significant adverse outcomesthe problem with om is that while current therapies are focussed on dealing with its symptoms like inability to eat or significant pain there is no real cure or prevention for om itself existing products in the market for om mainly offer symptom management focusing on pain or at best duration reduction claims the one approved drug for chemotherapy and radiotherapy amifostine has severe side effects and tumour protective properties making it hard to use as it interferes with the actual cancer treatment kepivance which is only approved for haematological malignancies is challenging to administer posing compliance issues and does not solve the more significant need for solid tumoursumayana has developed a proprietary preventative and curative formulation to combat om in cancer patients global patent wo2020072987 usa patent 11331360 b2
sustainable and costefficient concepts enabling green power production from supercriticalsuperhot geothermal wells compass

the compass project is inspired by global efforts to improve utilization of geothermal resources by enlarging production fields downwards energy output can be enhanced without the need to expand surface infrastructure by drilling into deep and hot formations calculations indicate that wells drilled into superhot conditions will yield 510 times more than a conventional well which can significantly reduce number of wells required the main challenges to achieve this are related to the well integrity due to extreme temperature changes and corrosive fluid chemistry encountered two of three wells in the iceland deep drilling project iddp have already been drilled and had serious problems with casing failures numerous examples of casing failures in conventional geothermal wells show that current well concepts mainly transferred from oil and gas applications are barely sufficient for geothermal use compass will address these challenges by developing improved and innovative well casing technologies to mitigate casing failures novel foam cement solutions will be developed suitable for high temperature formations this system would work with available flexible couplings to mitigate hightemperature induced stresses and ensuring well integrity costeffective lasercladding will be used to improve corrosion protection inside the casing pipes these technology developments will be enhanced with a robust well design solution addressing challenges reducing project risk and enabling reduction of lcoe the new well concept will enable costeffective geothermal developments in new types of geological settings and new regions the compass consortium contains a diverse team of major geothermal research institutes and leading industry players this combination ensures crossfertilisation sharing of knowledge and experience and seamless transfer of the novel well construction technologies by industry application including significant citizen e