Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
boosting drought tolerance in key cereals in the era of climate change

prolonged drought due to climate change has a severe impact on agriculture requiring measures to secure yield stability under watershortage conditions this project aims to be a booster for developing innovative and sustainable strategies to create climate resilient and drought tolerant cereals two synergistic strategies will be implemented to achieve this goal firstly a new approach will identify genomic variants in regulatory regions functionally associated with drought tolerance novel regulatory elements underlying resilience will inform efficient breeding efforts to create new drought tolerant cereal varieties secondly novel seaweed extracts and microbial biostimulants will be developed as an ecofriendly approach for improving drought resilience the two strategies will be tested in two cereals with different responsiveness to drought european maize and ethiopian teff a cereal with high genetic similarity to the desiccation tolerant eragrostis nindensis booster will improve drought tolerance in both maize and teff while simultaneously exploring the potential for transferring speciesspecific drought responsive features by exploiting natural genetic variation to achieve drought tolerant genotypes and by developing biostimulants derived from living organisms booster will take advantage of the already available natural resources to steer our agriculture towards novel drought tolerant varieties importantly booster approaches and results are transferable to other crops a tailored communicationdissemination strategy and a stakeholders engagement plan will ensure the expected outcomes and impacts the project will produce increased maize and teffderived biomass resources under harsh drought conditions will lower irrigation requirement will strengthen competitiveness of european and african agrifood industry and will provide concrete examples for improving public awareness about a sustainable use of biobased technologies
sharply ominimal structures towards a theory of arithmetically tame geometry

ominimality is a modeltheoretic formalism of tame geometry sets that are definable in ominimal structures enjoy strong finiteness properties such as the existence of finite stratifications and triangulations while drawing inspiration from the classical areas of semialgebraic and subanalytic geometry ominimality encompasses a strictly larger range of structures most notably structures defined using the logarithmic and exponential functions in the past 15 years ominimality has enjoyed a golden age as deep connections relating these larger structures to arithmetic geometry and hodge theory have been unfolding however over this period it has become clear that some finer aspects of tameness especially as it relates to arithmetic are not accessible in the full generality of ominimal theory some prominent conjectures have been formulated only for specific structures with a folklore expectation that they should hold in all structures naturally arising in algebraic and arithmetic geometryin this project we propose to refine the foundation of ominimal geometry by introducing a notion of sharply ominimal structures with the goal of capturing the finer arithmetic properties of the definable sets arising in algebraic and arithmetic geometry we argue that this should be achieved by postulating sharper estimates for the asymptotic interaction between definable and algebraic sets the construction of such sharp structures has until recently seemed technically unattainable but three recent technical developments including the first example of a sharply ominimal structure beyond the semialgebraic case renders the project timely and potentially feasible we show how many recent advances in the area point to sharp ominimality as a possible grand unifying framework and illustrate how a realization of this program would greatly simplify strengthen and generalize many of the state of the art applications of ominimality
supercritical treatment of process wastewaters from surface treatment industry metals

circular materials has developed a sustainable technology to efficiently remove and recover the heavy metals present in industrial wastewaters ideal for the surface treatment industry in particular to recover polluting and toxic metals like chromiumwhile the stateoftheart technologies generate toxic sludges to be confined to special landfills with intrinsic risk of release of metals in the environment and groundwaters our process operates in a completely different way by continuously mixing in a reactor a flow of wastewater with a flow of supercritical water the metals precipitate as a solid powder that is easily removed from the aqueous phase this approach avoids the production of sludges no product to dispose of revolutionising the treatment sector and solving environmental issues no chemicals are needed and the operating costs are drastically reduced moreover the recovered highpurity metals can be reused in the same application perfect circular approach
modern high order numerical methods based on nocompromise moving voronoi tessellations a unified solver for continuum mechanics

momentum aims at developing a nextgeneration computational code for hyperbolic balance laws influid flow and solid mechanics based on versatile unstructured voronoi grids polygons andpolyhedra and achieving efficiency that can be compared even with that of structured cartesiancodes the spacetimebased methods will be of highorder arbitrarylagrangianeuleriandiscontinuous galerkin finite element type with finite volume auxiliary subcell stabilisation sucha mixed formulation requires new grid generation techniques in order to be extended to movingvoronoi meshes due to the presence of degenerate and almostdegenerate elements with short orzerolength edges using genuine voronoi tessellations ie nearest neighbour is important inorder to preserve the smooth dynamic connectivity rearrangement naturally emerging from the motionof voronoi seeds in space which is a key element for the construction of robust schemes on movingpolyhedral gridsefficiency will be achieved through new hybrid nodalmodal moving basis functions defined oncellaligned bounding boxes that can heavily exploit tensortype data storage and accesspatterns usually available only in structured codesadditionally the schemes will be equipped with an embedded mesh generator that can synergisticallyinteract with the computational core so that the behaviour of the onthefly subgrid generator forthe finite volume subcells will be optimised like the voronoi grid motion according to the localflow or stress patternsthe project is a heavily multidisciplinary effort that requires the development and implementationof new numerical solvers and new mesh generation algorithms within a single coherent softwarearchitecture which will be packaged in an open source massively parallel high performance fortrancode in the hope that it will constitute a step forward towards the wide adoption of advancedhighorder methods for solving realworld continuum mechanics problems
southern africa research capacity network

the southern africa research capacity network sofar will train a generation of innovative world class and resilient african scientists clinicians and public health professionals facilitated by a partnership of two higher education institutions heis in europe and three african partner research institutions apris with proven track records of research excellence sofar will train 4 msc 6 phd fellows in high quality and relevant infectious disease research combining taught content with practical experience and support 5 postdoctoral researchers in conducting high quality infectious disease research on a pathway to establish themselves as independent researchers thus contributing to the generation of a critical mass of research capacity training will be delivered through fostering a mutually beneficial network that includes the sofar partners ministries of health and policy making organisations with network meetings pairing of fellows across institutions and placements of fellows within africa cdc and who this will facilitate direct transferability of relevant research to practice and policy sofar will develop and deliver a modular digital and face to face training programme digital global health academy aimed at equipping fellows to maximize their research impact this open access platform will foster a culture of open science innovation and knowledge circulation sofar will strengthen processes and systems for recruitment ensuring both transparency and equity through the development of written guidance documents training and intentional recruitment and review panels in addition a tailored participatory programme to train academic supervisors at apris will be delivered this will ensure that sofar not only trains skilled and internationally competitive researchers but strengthens the systems and the environment of institutions ensuring both impact and sustainability and contributing to reversing the brain drain
innovative solution of electrofocus eyeglasses

presbyopia is a physiological insufficiency of accommodation associated with aging of the eye near vision impairment after the age of 45 everyone gets hit by presbyopia worldwide 2 billion people and it worsens with age affecting visual comfort and life quality today all existing solutions bring compromises and difficulties even with the most advanced ones progressive lenses are intended to provide a seamless increase in optical power to enable clear vision at all distances in practice 20 of progressive lens wearers experience heavy vision discomfort due to a restricted field of vision distorted vision or inadequate ergonomics it causes visual fatigue headaches eyestrain postural pain musculoskeletal problems back shoulders neck and trouble in realizing critical multitasking activities laclare is developing adaptive autofocus eyeglasses for presbyopia correction to regain the natural autofocus lost with age and see clearly at all distances these glasses are equipped with transparent variable fluidic lenses whose correction adapts in real time to the need two timeofflight sensors located on both sides of the front face measure the objects distance a reliable solution for setting the distance need this distance data is sent to an electronic unit generating signals to fluidic actuators that control the liquids pressure in the lenses the variable lenses convert this pressure into the desired optical correction offering true continuous autofocus another advantage of electronic control is that the device can be readjusted according to the user precise need as hisher level of presbyopia evolves over the years laclare lenses also include the necessary refractive correction in terms of hyperopia myopia and astigmatism according to the patients prescription laclare eyeglasses are therefore a class 1 medical device adjusted to each wearer laclare owns its technology well protected by patents and trade secrets
universal gpcr activity sensor for next generation drug discovery

this project by a consortium of academic labs and small biotech companies concerns a new key innovation for the development of drugs targeting g proteincoupled receptors gpcrs gpcrs are the most important class of therapeutic targets both for current drugs and those under development covering about a third of the 12 trillion pharmaceutical market recent research has revealed that gpcrs do not function as simple onoff switches but instead can adopt multiple conformations leading to complex textures of downstream effects functionally selective drugs modulate the gpcr structure to stimulate certain downstream pathways over others in the search for this next generation of better drugs the pharmaceutical industry currently employs multiple 10 distinct gpcr assays performed in nonidentical cellular contexts and misleading readouts from this approach contribute significantly to costly drug failure here we propose a radically new singleassay technology platform that will enable detection and functional classification of drug candidates with superior confidence compared to todays approaches its unique design supports streamlined drug discovery from the test tube to the native diseaserelevant cell as well as the capacity to efficiently harness artificial intelligence ai in the design of better drugs the technology is based upon highly informative fluorescent sensor reagents that react to different receptor conformations with subtle flexible changes in their structure in this pathfinder project our main objective is to demonstrate that the conformational fingerprints generated by these sensors correlate to specific cellular signalling profiles ie gpcr activity states proof of principle we believe that the unisens platform will become the standard tool for early drug development and could be a gamechanger in the search for safer more effective drugs
colliding system size dependence of jet quenching

at high temperature quarks and gluons are no longer confined in hadrons and form instead a complex phase of matter called the quarkgluon plasma among the various ways of probing this phase in nucleusnucleus collisions a promising one is to study how jets are affected by their propagation through the quarkgluon plasma an effect commonly referred to as jet quenching this project aims at developing a consistent computational framework grounded in perturbative quantum chromodynamics to describe jet quenching from large to small colliding system sizes its final outcome is twofold it will deepen our understanding of the embedding of jets in a spacetime structure as well as answer topical questions regarding the phenomenology of jet quenching in small systems
a geological service for europe

we aim to contribute to the european green deal the un sustainable development goals and the horizon europe objectives through the development of a geological service for europe which focuses on the planet itself the earth beneath our feet the subsurface holds indispensable resources for european industries and opportunities to decarbonise our economy but also requires careful management to preserve a healthy and safe living environment for europes citizens structurally addressing the eu dimension in geological services is needed because the scale of many societally and economically relevant geological features exceeds that of individual countries addressing transnational and continentalscale problems requires innovation standardisation harmonisation as well as a shared vision we aim to build the geological service for europe based on europes best practices and implement the service with the backing of the union existing geological surveys the national custodians of geological information have amassed huge legacies of data and information that are difficult to merge this project will continue the harmonisation and standardisation effort initiated in earlier projects we aim to create joint services that can support acceleration of the energy and climate transitions as well as a larger critical mass of intraeuropean cooperation through convergence of our research agendas as key steps to increase the amount and quality of results we are aiming for a common thread in this project is innovation in ways in which subsurface information is conceptualised organised visualised delivered and translated to the needs of a wide range of audiences and the methodologies to achieve thisbuilding on the groundwork laid in the geoera program we will scale up and out not only scientifically but also in involving national stakeholders in the network in order to create support and eventually obtain a mandate for a european service on a permanent basis
the political lives of migrants perspectives from africa

refugees and other migrants continue to arrive in new places all across the world their reception longterm prospects and lives in their new homes remains one of the most pressing sociopolitical issues of our times what about the migrant in all of this how do they see their life role and political agency migration research has thus far underconceptualised and underresearched political migrant agency especially from a global south perspective and in interaction with states and nonstate actors polmig aims to redress this gap and combine it with a commitment to tackle global inequalities in knowledge productionfocusing on africa polmig considers how migrants define political agency enabled or disabled by politicisation processes of belonging in postcolonial state contexts drawing on this research polmig advances an afrocentric understanding of political migrant agency with global relevance the research will consider the effects of different migrant trajectories refugee or other migrant transregional or intraregional in country of destination transit or return to origin on the selfdefined understanding of political agency along intersectional principles of gender class and race polmig uses pioneering research methods to do so including migrant agency diaries and theatre workshopspolmig bridges the literature on migrant agency and migration states as well as contributing an afrocentric perspective to the field the afrocentric perspective is ensured through a process of collaboration and exchange centring the continent empirically and epistemologically the innovative project will have significant scientific impact through addressing an interdisciplinary research gap and the commitment to highlighting and tackling knowledge inequalities it also offers highly relevant policy contributions to an urgent societal question
altitudelike hypoxia cognition training to target brain erythropoietin as a novel mechanism of longlasting enhancement of neuroplasticity and cognitive functions

cognitive decline is an urgent strategic treatment target to improve the lives of people with neuropsychiatric disorders and reduce associated societal costs but treatments with robust and longlasting efficacy are essentially lacking neuroplasticity is pivotal for cognitive functions and its disruption is involved in cognitive decline however the mechanisms underlying longlasting neuroplasticity are unknown which impedes the discovery of effective treatments to address this challenge i have conducted multidisciplinary research over the past 15 years into the cognitive and neurobiological effects of erythropoietin epo a bodyown protein involved in neurodevelopment neuroprotection and cognition we discovered that upregulation of epo in the brain by low ambient oxygen increased neuroplasticity and cognition in mice building on this discovery altibrain will test a novel model linking oxygen manipulation increased brain epo neuroplasticity and cognition specifically altibrain will determine whether upregulation of brain epo by low ambient oxygen is a novel mechanism of longlasting neuroplasticity and increased cognitive functions we will achieve this ambitious goal using a multidisciplinary translational research approach combining cuttingedge methods from neuropsychology neuroimaging and neuroscience in parallel studies in humans and mice we will investigate whether 3week intermittent low ambient oxygen combined with cognitive training induces expression of brain epo sufficient to produce similar effects to those which i found upon exogenous epo treatment we expect longlasting increase in cognitive performance hippocampal volume and function and in differentiationmaturation of neural progenitor cells and dendritic spines the findings can lead to a breakthrough in the understanding of mechanisms underlying enduring neuroplasticity and a paradigm shift in treatment strategies targeting cognitive decline
unravelling biophysical signals governing phytohormone production and plant acclimation

both animals and plants produce potently active mediators in response to tissue injury these oxygenated lipid derivatives include leukotrienes and prostaglandins in animals and jasmonates jas in plants with jaile serving as the bioactive phytohormone in angiosperms jas are synthesized from poly unsaturated fatty acids residing in plantspecific plastidial membranes and are essential to protect plants against numerous biotic and abiotic challenges including insect herbivory and temperature extremes despite the vital roles of jas in sustaining plant fitness and although jaile biosynthesis and signalling are well characterized it is still unknown how are damage signals transmitted to plastids to initiate phytohormone production and what is the nature of the transmitted signals our previous work in arabidopsis uncovered that osmoticallyinduced turgor pressure changes elicit jaile biosynthesis we hence hypothesise that jaile biosynthesis initiation may result from the transmission of mechanical signals through tissues and cell compartments leading to biophysical changes of plastidial membranes granting substrate accessibility to ja biosynthesis enzymes to address these central questions in plant biology we aim to1 quantify the mechanical forces and osmotic pressure changes required to induce ja biosynthesis2 characterize cellular events that transduce mechanical and osmotic stress signals to plastids for jaile precursor production 3 alter plastidial biophysical parameters and study the consequences on jaile precursor production 4 identify genetic components involved in sensing and decoding biophysical stimuli for jaile productionthis proposal thus intends to fill a critical gap in knowledge on stress phytohormone biology regulating plant acclimation and concomitantly expand our understanding on fundamental aspects of plant mechano and osmosensing
roads to sustainability exploring the infrastructures of a sustainable future

roads2sustainability develops a new form of political ecology infrastructural political ecology this alters the theoretical work of political ecology how culture history and politics make natures combining contemporary treatments of infrastructure analyzing how hard infrastructures coconstitute social worlds with theories of morethanhuman assemblage always changing human nonhuman relations and multispecies justice extending principles of justice beyond humans these will be led by political ecologys attentiveness to dynamics of power and scale together this transforms social science debates on infrastructure and political ecology with a new concern for how infrastructure coconstitutes socioenvironmental worlds creating new understanding of how trajectories of coexistence and sustainability are materialized this is critical given accelerating climate change and global commitments to sustainable development with a team of 2 postdoctoral researchers and 16 indigenous researchers the pi will investigate road building in the western amazon and the emancipatory possibilities of alternative infrastructures specifically different types of transport infrastructure topdown infrastructure community roads and river networks at three sites crucial for responses to climate change and sustainability indigenous territories conservation areas and cities grounded in collaboration with four indigenous territories a core foundation is an innovative but reproduceable decolonial methodology this is used to address three objectives 1 to investigate how different forms of road and river infrastructure coconstitute trajectories of sustainable development and to conceptualise sustainable development from these material geographies 2 to reveal analyze and advance the emancipatory possibilities of infrastructure 3 to improve highest ethical standards of how research is undertaken networked and communicated on indigenous land