Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
custom cryptographic solutions with formal security guarantees

modern web applications routinely rely on standardized cryptographic protocols and algorithms to protect sensitive user data furthermore with the advent of blockchains the imminence of quantum computers and widespread concerns about privacy in an era of surveillance and machine learning algorithms enterprises are increasingly turning to sophisticated nonstandard cryptographic solutions customized for specific usage scenarios unfortunately cryptographic design and implementation is notoriously errorprone with a long history of design flaws implementation bugs and highprofile attacks this leaves software companies with a difficult choice every time they deploy a new crypto standard or an innovative cryptographic application that improves the security and privacy of their users they risk exposing embarrassing flaws in their design or code the research results of erc circus offer a way out of this conundrum by advocating the use of formal verification to build cryptographic software with machinechecked proofs of security and correctness a landmark output from this project is hacl a verified highperformance cryptographic library which is currently used by mainstream software like mozilla firefox linux kernel tezos blockchain and electionguard we propose to establish a company called cryspen that will transition the research software developed in erc circus towards a productionquality readytouse verified cryptographic software stack in addition cryspen will offer a developerfriendly verification framework that can be used to build new custom cryptographic solutions in c rust and javascript the goal of this proofofconcept proposal is to fund the initial technical transfer of research software to cryspen and the business development of this company once this transfer is complete cryspen will be able to offer longterm service contracts to existing and new users of hacl and offer software contracts to enterprises interested in deploying verified cryptographic software
critical caste geographies mapping the intersections of law labour and mobility

the south asian diaspora in the uk and usa is estimated to be 10 million strong the dominant images that represent this diverse community are those of highskilled professionals in it medicine and engineering with a rising profile of the model minority diasporic south asian politician these images obscure a dark underbelly of the global circulation of south asian labour facilitated by the centuries old caste system while the persistence of caste in shaping labour relations within the subcontinent is welldocumented the continued relevance of caste in diasporic labour relations is starkly understudied in the past decade a growing number of instances have come to light wherein the legal regimes of host countries have come into conflict with casted labour practices thereby bringing locally situated questions of caste oppression into direct conversation with globally legible rightsbased frameworks this research project will investigate the caste dimensions of diasporic labour migrations in three sectors construction domestic work and commercial kitchens across the uk and usa and assess their impact on sociospatial mobility at home through this the project will map the intersections of law labour and mobilities to construct a critical global geography of casterqs how does caste shape the global circulation of south asian labour how do these labour relations relate to legal regimes in the host countries how do casted labour migrations relate to sociospatial mobility at home the objectives of the project areto document the role of caste in diasporic labour practicesto investigate how these labour practices relate to extant legal protections in host countriesto explore how social mobility is facilitated andor impeded by these casted labour practicesto archive the diasporic life of caste and disrupt dominant narratives of the sa diasporato compile a manifesto for anticaste jurisprudence and fair labour practices
elucidating the cutoff phenomenon

the cutoff phenomenon is an abrupt transition from out of equilibrium to equilibrium undergone by certain markov processes in the limit where the size of the state space tends to infinity instead of decaying gradually over time their distance to equilibrium remains close to the maximal value for a while and suddenly drops to zero as the time parameter reaches a critical threshold known as the mixing timediscovered four decades ago in the context of card shuffling this dynamical phase transition has since then been observed in a variety of situations from random walks on random graphs to hightemperature spin glasses it is now believed to be universal among fastmixing highdimensional systems yet the current proofs are casespecific and rely on explicit computations which i can only be carried out in oversimplified models and ii do not bring any conceptual insight as to why such a sharp transition occurs our ambition here is to identify the general conditions that trigger the cutoff phenomenon this is one of the biggest challenges in the quantitative analysis of finite markov chainswe believe that the key is to harness a new informationtheoretic statistics called varentropy whose relevance was recently uncovered by the pi but whose systematic estimation remains entirely to be developed specifically we propose to elaborate a robust set of analytic and geometric tools to bound varentropy and control its evolution under any markov semigroup much like logsobolev inequalities do for entropy from this we intend to derive sharp and easily verifiable criteria allowing us to predict cutoff without having to compute mixing times if successful our approach will not only provide a unified explanation for all known instances of the phenomenon but also confirm its longpredicted occurrence in a number of models of fundamental importance emblematic applications include random walks on expanders interacting particle systems and mcmc algorithms
staging of plasma accelerators for realizing timely applications

highenergy physics is headed for an impasse the next particle collider will cost several billion euros and while designs have been ready for a decade they are so expensive that no host country has come forwarda problem that will soon impact progress in the fieldplasma acceleration is a novel technology promising to fix this issuewith accelerating fields 1000 times larger than in conventional machines the size and cost of future accelerators can be drastically reduced however there is a gap between what current plasma accelerators can do and what the next collider requires therefore a recent rd roadmap european strategy for particle physics calls for intensified plasmaaccelerator research as well as an intermediate demonstrator facilitysparta tackles two basic problems in plasma acceleration to reach high energy by connecting multiple accelerator stages without degrading the accelerated beam and to do so in a stable manner access to stable highenergy electron beams at a fraction of todays cost will enable groundbreaking advances in strongfield quantum electrodynamics sfqed an important nearterm experiment that doubles as a demo facilityi have proposed two concepts for overcoming these problems nonlinear plasma lenses for transport between stages and a new mechanism for selfstabilization can these concepts be realized in practicemaking use of numerical simulations and beambased experiments at international accelerator labs this project has 3 objectives1 develop nonlinear plasma lenses experimentally2 investigate selfstabilization theoretically and experimentally3 design a plasmaaccelerator facility for sfqedreaching this goal will not only impact highenergy physics producing advances in sfqed and as a major step toward realizing a collider but also society at large applications of highenergy electrons from bright xray beams to advanced cancer treatments will all become significantly more affordable
speculative fictionspeculative finance fighting for the future

when speculation becomes the dominant modality of contemporary capitalism what happens to speculative fiction what kind of worldbuilding does speculative finance do and once we acknowledge its narrative features how might we use the tools of speculative fiction to intervene in this process can speculative fiction help us recognise the ways in which speculative finance takes effect and from that vantage point reveal the contradictions of financial speculation and the possibilities that lie hidden within the present through close analyses of novels and films sfsf explores the degree to which speculative finance and speculative fiction operate according to similar narrative and imaginative strategies and how they remain distinct its purpose is twofold firstly it explores how the logic of financialisation relies on fictions whose representations materialise the worlds it envisions secondly it explores a better understanding of how speculative fiction can make legible finances fictions and reveal its underlying contradictions by employing critical literary analysis and symptomatology as methods sfsf will thus result in a better understanding of how speculative finance seeks to narrow and constrain the possibilities for the future and how speculative fiction challenges speculative finances ongoing attempt to configure all aspects of political and social life in economic terms
extremal combinatorics and circuit complexity

computational complexity theory is the systematic study of computational problems in order to classify them in terms of their inherent logical hardness several decades of research have not only given rise to important understanding of limits of computation but have also developed algorithms which constitute a crucial part of modern life a formidable challenge in complexity theory is to show nonlinear lower bounds for an explicit boolean function our project is motivated by this fundamental problem and in fact we will approach several such questions motivated by understanding the complexity of explicit boolean functions our main objective look at circuit complexity through the lens of extremal combinatorics a rich and vibrant of branch of combinatorics which studies objects satisfying various constraints therefore we aim to develop a systematic methodology which adopts tools of extremal combinatorics to tackle complexity problems more concretely we attack the problem of lower bounds for depth3 circuits and specifically attempt to prove sharp lower bounds for the majority function thus breaking a barrier in this area we will further extend the techniques used in recent breakthrough on the sunflower conjecture and apply it to cnf formula and the structure of their satisfying assignments we will our new insights on the structure of satisfying assignments to develop new improved algorithms for the satisfiability problem sat
privacy aware and privacy preserving distributed and robust machine learning for medical applications

paromamed will develop validate and evaluate a platform based hybridcloud delivery framework for privacy and security assured services and applications in federative crossborder environmentsto this purpose the project will develop new architectures technologies tools and services to supportautomatic attestation of federation partnersprivacy and security bydesign integrating standard compliance and performance qos requirements into a policy frameworkconsumers with their rights for optin optout consent portability and right to be forgotten requests as well as transparency in access to their privatedatafederative identity and access management based on zero trust principles continuous risk assessment and on confidentiality integrity and authenticity insuranceprivacypreserving and trusted data storage and processing in federative environmentsflexible and secure access over the internet to privatedata and service resourcesai ml bydesign integrating platform services to be used by application developers for dataintensive applicationszero touch deployment and automatic lifecycle management of services and applicationsmanaged privacy and security operations for automated policy enforcement and cyberthreat detection and mitigationefficiency and scalability will be insured by the implementation of cloudnative solutions while future adoption and further development is insured by opensource implementationsthe project will validate and evaluate the paromamed framework by developing of a comprehensive use case with real users in the healthcare sectorthe project will create impact on the application creation and delivery ecosystem including standardization and legal stakeholders on society and environment and manage the impact via dedicated activities and communication channels
mechanisms and evolutionary significance of hyperploidy variations in a longlived parasitic cancer

transmissible cancers are fascinating recently discovered biological entities they have acquired the ability to cross host boundaries and spread between animals even sometimes interspecifically by the direct transfer of cancerous cells in addition despite asexual reproduction they have been shown to persist for hundreds or thousands of years in host populations importantly in the absence of known sexuallike reproduction mechanism transmissible cancers must cope with clonal degeneration one challenging question that arises is to understand the evolutionary processes and molecular mechanisms by which genetic diversity can maintain in such a longterm clonal context several transmissible cancer lineages have been described in bivalvia and they have all in common hyperploidy some distinct sublineages with a common founder host coexist in host populations with specific degrees of hyperploidy 2 to 10 times the host cell dna content hence the hypothesis that hyperploidization concurs to the persistence and longterm evolution of these transmissible cancers must be considered hypercan aims to decipher the evolutionary significance of hyperploidy and of its variation to amplify clonal heterogeneity in mussel transmissible cancers mtrbtn we will use a multidisciplinary approach combining phenotyping and multiomics in order to test evolutionary hypotheses we will answer 3 main questions1 ploidy and fitness does a correlation exist between ploidy degrees and fitness2evolutionary dynamics how does evolution proceed in mtrbtn cancers3hyperploidization mechanisms how is hyperploidy generated and what is the fate of newly evolved hyperploid lineagesthe project will have multiple outputs and applications among which to understand the genetic mechanisms driving the evolution of longliving cancers and to provide useful elements for the assessment of evolutionary and phenotypic effects associated with hyperploidization in cancers
speckle technology and digital biomarkers of microvascular function for monitoring cardiovascular diseases

over 60 million people in the eu live with cardiovascular diseases cvds at an annual economic cost of 210b despite being largely preventable cvds cause more than 185 million deaths every year to combat this we develop new instruments for assessing adverse changes in microcirculatory status linked to hypertension chronic kidney disease ckd and heart failure hf leading to earlier detection of cvds the instruments are developed and validated in clinical trials we integrate two stateoftheart technologies leading to a novel innovation 3d speckle tissue monitoring in addition we demonstrate a direct usecase for unobtrusive monitoring in a smarttoilet application global remote patient monitoring rpm systems market is expected to surpass 5 b by 2030 with cagr of 20 the demand for the rpm systems is rapidly growing among the old age population monitoring innovations targeting this group can reduce hospitalization and costly chronic conditions furthermore the technology is closely linked to wearable remote monitoring the global wearable technology market is expected to grow to 392 b by 2030 with cagr of 139 the opportunity is significant as the number of wearable users currently exceeds 1 billion globally and the developed technology targets similar markets we currently estimate that with the new instrument and digital biomarkers we can reduce the healthcare burden by over 30 by preventing cvds additionally we are aiming to identify citizens at risk of developing hypertension ckd andor hf and by timely intervention we expect to reduce indirect healthcare costs by over 20 in conclusion our solution will integrate two existing stateoftheart methods and provide clearly new monitoring techniques to assess the microcirculatory status revealing early signs of cvds we will provide an innovative solution to emerging digital unobtrusive health markets while helping the over 60 million europeans suffering from cvds
conference on the european innovation agenda

this highlevel conference will gather public and private representatives from the national european and international innovation ecosystem to discuss how to improve policy making tools in line with the 5th flagship of the new european innovation agenda the conference will help to amplify political messages on the need for sustained investment in core capabilities to turn scientific knowledge into business based on examples of european partners
copernicus foundation models for a thinking earth

at thinkingearth we view the earth as a complex unified and interconnected system to harness the power of artificial intelligence ai we use cuttingedge techniques including deep learning causality explainable ai and physicsaware machine learning we leverage the predictive abilities of selfsupervised learning and graph neural networks to develop taskagnostic copernicus foundation models and a graph representation model of the earth we demonstrate the potential of these assets through smallscale downstream spotlight applications as well as largescale use cases that integrate distributed industrial and user noneo datasets these use cases address ambitious problems with high socioenvironmental impact and new business growth opportunities such as accelerating europes clean energy transition and independence from volatile fossil fuels understanding earths processes by modeling causal earth system teleconnections and assessing and modeling the impact of current and future climate emergency in biodiversity and food security
translational microbiome platform

dysbiosis the imbalance of the microbial community that resides within and upon us can affect health and represents a risk factor for the genesis and evolution of a plethora of chronic diseases and pathologies the analysis of the microbiome is necessary to detect assess and monitor it nevertheless microbiome analysis and its application to the clinical field is very complex expensive and timeconsumingwe created mick the first digital decision support system helping healthcare professionals in integrating microbiome analysis into clinical practice mick automated platform analyses microbiome raw data in realtime with the highest accuracy and translates it into evidencebased analytics insights and practical recommendationsmick allows customers clinical centres and diagnostics labs to scale their service offering to patients without any upfront investment determining up to 75 cost reduction and faster tat compared to existing solutions
data driven implementation of hybrid nature based solutions for preventing and managing diffuse pollution from urban water runoff

d4runoff overall goal is to create a novel framework for preventing and managing diffuse pollution from urban water runoff through the data driven design of hybrid nature based solutions nbs adapted to the current and future risk scenarios solutions this innovative approach will support water utilities urban planners and policy makers in defining urban runoff and storm water management plans to enhance the quality of the water discharged to water bodies considering the climate changed4runoff will have the following specific objectives so so1 increase the knowledge regarding urban runoff pollution sources and the impacts through the development of novel highresolution suspect and screening non target screening nts methods for contaminants of emerging concern cecs detection and identification of the major cecs and relevant pollutantspresent in storm water source and assessing their fate in nbs so2 development of cost effective advanced online sensors for targeted cecs metals and microplastics for improving the monitoring of the water pollution derived from urban runoff so3 enhancing the implementation of advanced preventive and mitigation strategies to reduce diffuse pollution through the development of and innovative multiplecriteria decision analysis mcda methodology integrated in geographical information system gis for hybrid nbs design so4 development of a risk assessment and mapping methodology to identify diffuse pollution hotspots for specific sites considering climate change effects so5 development of an ai based platform to facilitate the development of effective urban runoff and storm water management plans based on informed decisions so6 implementation and validation of d4runoff approach in 3 case studies and 5 replication sites so7 knowledge transfer and engagement with stakeholders including civil society
unravelling and predicting degradation of canvas paintings a multiscale and multiphysics framework

predicting the degradation of canvas paintings is not only one of the grand challenges in the field of art conservation but also a major scientific problem canvas paintings experience complex instability fracture and degradation mechanisms across several length scales triggered by the interaction between multiple physical fields these degradation processes impact the appearance integrity and longevity of the painted surfaces and are thus a paramount concern for heritage conservatorsthis proposal targets a novel integrated computationalexperimental framework that aims to realize a breakthrough in predicting the lifespan of canvas paintings by unravelling the underlying multiscale and multiphysics processes that affect their appearance and integrity vangogh departs from developing advanced numerical multiscale and multiphysics models formulated within the framework of computational mechanics these models will describe the complex constitutive response of paint and canvas materials and their effect on the degradation of canvas paintings under the coupled influence of moisture diffusion thermal conduction mechanical deformation and fracture and instability mechanisms the modelling framework will be fully integrated with a novel noninvasive multiscale experimental strategy combining quantitative mechanical testing and insitu microscopic observations on original paint and canvas samples the synergetic computationalexperimental approach will advance the mechanistic understanding of the fundamental origin of the most critical failure scenarios in canvas paintings as a function of environmental variations and structural conservation treatments this will allow for the first time to quantitatively predict the degradation and thus the lifetime of canvas paintings the proposed integration of computational and experimental multiscale mechanics with art conservation will provide a paradigm shift in the scientific approach to cultural heritage preservation