Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
making a choice for life cellular and molecular basis of coral larvae settlement and metamorphosis

corals form the basis for some of the most diverse marine ecosystems on the planet yet these unique ecosystems have suffered tremendous harm due to anthropogenic influences and are predicted to be among the most adversely affected habitats under the foreseen changes in climate among these changing conditions are the occurrence and composition of microorganisms in the corals habitat which are affected by changes in temperature and ph corals associate with several specific microorganisms that govern central aspects of their complex lifecycle such as the recruitment of larvae a process that ensures health and resilience of coral reefs while the central role of biofilms is established in tropical coral species the vast deepsea coldwater coral species are less well studied lophelia pertusa is a frameworkforming coldwater coral with a global distribution and important ecosystem function however whether larval recruitment depends on biofilm abundance and composition is unknown it is therefore urgently required to study this fundamental process in coldwater species to assess and mitigate environmental threats to this unique ecosystemthe proposed study will pioneer investigations into the mechanistic basis of cellular and molecular signal recognition in coldwater coral larvae taking advantage of the specialized settlement behavior and recent advances in sequencing technology here i will use an interdisciplinary approach at the border of bacterial recognition development and sensory biology i will combine the power of single cell patch clamp electrophysiology behavioral and molecular analysis to address central questions about sensory biology in coldwater corals and thereby the project will produce fundamental knowledge about coral habitat selection that are urgently required to understand which impact environmental changes have on this central process
innovative lowvalent tetrylene photo and cooperative catalysis via a rational design of ligands

catalysis is a key technology in the european economy industry and sustainable growth for a resilient future however many catalytic methods in use today are not outstanding in fundamental aspects such as activity selectivity substrate scope toxicity or even cost efficiency the rich structural diversity and associated reactivity provided by heavy elements from the main group offer unique opportunities for the prospective substitution of traditional catalysts based on precious metals by less expensive more abundant and potentially less toxic main group compounds subvalent geii and snii derivatives are particularly appealing due to their reduced homolumo gaps and thus increased reactivity nevertheless bond activation processes lead to very stable and unreactive products in higher oxidation states iv as such catalytic turnover via reductive regeneration of the active species is highly challenging to address this problem an interdisciplinary approach will be used combining fundamental aspects stemming from a priori independent areas of chemistry rationally designed ambiphilic and bifunctional derivatives will be used as ligands for lowvalent tetrylenes to induce cooperativity between main group elements and transition metals and promote novel reactivity in small molecule activation and functionalization another objective is to demonstrate that selective irradiation of welldesigned mononuclear tetrylene will allow photoactivation of chemical bonds that are thermally inert towards many of these divalent species however we envision that the main advantage of using light will be in facilitating reductive elimination processes in the cases where thermal catalytic turnover is hampered by this ratelimiting step for this reason these studies will also be extended to our hybrid systems in what constitutes a completely innovative research area and where the possible synergies and cooperative mechanisms will be analyzed
an exposition on the foreign information manipulation and interference

russia china and other countries have exploited the internet to wage campaigns of disinformation and interference in europe to disrupt democratic processes for their perceived political and economic benefit since its invasion of ukraine russia has greatly increased its cyber attacks and disinformation campaigns against ukraine and other countries in europe the eu understands the urgency of combatting such attacks against our infrastructures economies values and democracies athena will contribute to europes defence against foreign information manipulation and interference fimi it will examine at least 30 manifestations of fimi in case studies including the tactics techniques and procedures ttp used by attackers the consortium will analyse the behavioural and societal effects of fimi it will assess and develop countermeasures against the ttp it will collect and process fimi data develop a knowledge graph a disinformation analysis toolbox and dashboard showing the prevalence of fimi and the countermeasures in action athena will conduct a comparative eightcountry analysis of legal and regulatory frameworks against fimi and their shortcomings and where member states and the eu should strengthen their policy framework athena will produce an easytouse questionnaire that anyone can use to decide whether they are confronted by fimi we will go beyond state of the art by scanning the horizon for new instances of fimi for signs of the evolution in disinformation as with deepfakes and chatbots from the start of the project athena will engage stakeholders through interviews workshops a stakeholder board and a cluster of relevant projects we will share knowledge with other stakeholders and provide training in countermeasures to universities and schools the athena consortium comprises experienced partners including smes universities cybersecurity companies factcheckers and an association from ukraine to ireland from sweden to cyprus
microbial network controls on n and n2o cycling in an deoxygenating ocean

the decline in oxygen content deoxygenation in the ocean is one of the major features of global change and affects biological processes and the biogeochemical cycling of key elements such as nitrogen n oxygen minimum zones omzs are intensifying and expanding their distribution and many coastal waters such as estuaries and enclosed seas are experiencing seasonal anoxia events omzs and coastal waters are ecosystems with global relevance for n processing and hot spots for nitrous oxide n2o cycling n2o is a major ozonedepleting substance and a potent greenhouse gas and its microbial production depends on n and oxygen availability so far many studies have addressed the importance of environmental drivers in n and n2o cycling however they are incomplete predictors of ecosystem functioning contrarily little attention has been paid to biotic community associations despite they can exert selective pressure on marine microbes and affect ecosystem functioning nitrodeox aims to investigate the changes in microbial communities caused by ocean deoxygenation and to assess how these changes affect n cycling and n2o production the applicant will develop a novel and interdisciplinary approach combining the quantification of n transformation rates using 15n labeling incubations with the latest advances in bioinformatics analysis of deep metagenomic sequencing and network inference methods in order to connect microbial community structure with ecosystem functioning this project will cover the three major oxygen minimum zones and two coastal sites the chesapeake bay and the mar menor coastal lagoon and builds on the advantage of already having an exceptional collection of samples from past cruises nitrodeox represents a novel step to identify key taxa and reveal hidden microbial community controls on n and n2o cycling which is crucial in view of the expansion and intensification of omzs and the increasing human impact on coastal waters
megathrust earthquake system theory

plate tectonics and mantle convection drive motions and slip buildup along plate boundaries the locations where slip will be released during earthquakes are inferred from satellite observations however inversions ignore plate tectonic and mantle mechanics and much of the available data recent vertical velocities suggest megathrust earthquakes in subduction zones could rupture twice closer or farther from the coast that could make the difference between shock and worldclass disaster for one third of the worlds population to set this straight and unlock earthquake sciences i propose a paradigm shift by imaging quantifying and understanding processes as part of an earthquake system this multiscale plate tectonic concept couples novel and known interactions between subducting and overriding plates mantle and the megathrust from milliseconds to millions of years imaging this multiscale viscoelastoplastic system poses a major computational challenge that i will tackle by adapting the latest computer science advances in automatic differentiation and highperformance computing on graphical processing units to earthquake sequences adjointbased slip and medium inversions and an ensemble kalman smoother will assimilate all observations into physical system models application and validation in five natural laboratories will quantify system processes which will be integrated into a unified theory quantifying surface velocities with timethis integrative approach allows for the first probabilistic seismic hazard assessment based on first physical principles resets earthquake system concept methods and theory will equip solid earth scientists with what is needed to explain recent observations and enable efficient systembased quantification of future seismicity
controlling chirality in atomically thin quantum electronic materials

chirality is a foundational and unifying topic in science it relates properties of elementary particles to those of molecules in chemistry and biology eg sugars as well as the electromagnetic responses of artificial systems with nonsuperimposable mirror images besides chirality bears an extraordinary potential for modern engineering despite of the current lack of large robust and actively controlled chiral signals needed to develop new applications the emergence of atomically thin quantum electronic materials with handedness has marked the ultimate twist in chirality a wide variety of exotic and gigantic chiral phenomena are predicted to occur in these novel quantum systems moreover these effects are expected to be actively controlled by local fields and therefore useful for applications nonetheless such responses have yet to be detected are puzzling and bring in new conundrums that demand investigation the purpose of chirotronics is twofold firstly the study aims to experimentally observe these striking chiral responses predicted to occur in chiral atomically thin quantum electronic materials intriguingly the exploration of these interdisciplinary effects will also contribute to shed light on central questions existing in many areas of knowledge where chirality is involved secondly the project will demonstrate how chiral signals arising in these quantum materials can be actively controlled and enhanced by local fields as well as harnessed to engineer a range of basic enantioselective and nonreciprocal optical and electronic devices as such chirotronics will pave the way to develop ultracompact and disruptive chiral technologies hardware components to be used in a myriad of novel applications including biochemical sensing or quantum communications the project will achieve success by an integral approach to research combining expertise from different disciplines including materials science and metrology
in vivo assessment of the optical cochlear implant performance coding strategy optimization

hearing loss affects millions of people worldwide in cases of pronounced cochlear dysfunction an electrical cochlear implant eci can partially restore hearing sensation by electrically stimulating the auditory nerve until now the eci is the most successful and broadly used neuroprosthesis with more than 1 million users worldwide who 2021 however eci hearing is far from normal eci users can typically not comprehend speech in noisy environments because the electrical signal spreads widely and excites a large number of neurons of the auditory nerve which limits the number of separate perceptual channelsusing optogenetics it is possible to stimulate the auditory nerve using an optical cochlear implant oci as light spread can be better confined in space ocis offer lower spread of excitation and hence greater frequency selectivity this way future clinical ocis promise more perceptual channels allowing for more pitch appreciation and better understanding of speech in noise however there are many challenges in the development of the oci en route to clinical application importantly we are currently missing a holistic assessment tool for preclinical efficacy which could serve oci optimization i will develop a set of methodological and computational tools to assess the oci performance in vivo in the mongolian gerbil first i will use the brainstem responses to map the frequency activation of separate optical channels second i will develop predictive models that derive the optogenetically and acoustically evoked responses of the midbrain applying machine learning techniques third i will use the abovementioned tools to identify the optimal coding strategy for the oci this project will accelerate the development of the oci and provide benchmarking standards for the clinical trials of optical neural implants
pulsar timing array inference of the nanohertz gravitational wave universe

we are on the verge of the next big breakthrough in gravitational wave gw astronomy namely the detection of a nanohz gw signal with pulsar timing arrays ptas within the next few years nanohz gws will be established as a completely new window on our universe unlocking an unprecedented opportunity to unveil its secrets the signal is anticipated to come from a cosmic population of supermassive black hole binaries smbhbs which are a fundamental yet observationally missing piece in the process of structure formation and galaxy evolution however alternative early universe origins including backgrounds arising from inflation or phase transitions cannot be dismissed a priorito exploit the scientific breakthrough potential of this new window we need an innovative robust framework to build our way forward in uncharted territory a framework that allows us to establish the nature of the nanohz gw signal and understand its implications for astrophysics and cosmology pingu is this framework it is a concerted multimessenger project for connecting the gw and electromagnetic em universe in a novel way on the one hand it will leverage on the 15year long expertise of the pi in pta observations data analysis and signal characterization to pin down the properties of the nanohz gw signal and characterize its features on the other hand it will exploit the most powerful all sky survey and state of the art galaxy formation models to construct a live nanohz gw map of our universe and match it with the upcoming results of pta observations this will allow us to exploit the full potential of the nanohz gw sky including i establishing the origin of the gw signal and probe its astrophysical nature ii gain unprecedented insights into the formation and evolution of smbhbs and their role in galaxy formation iii identify smbhbs and map their distribution in the universe iv enable for the first time multimessenger astronomy in the nanohz gw band
single cells in autoimmune inflammatory diseases

autoimmune disorders are highlyimmunemediated disorders are highly heterogenenous entities for which the mechanisms of disease progression and therapeutic responses are only recently beginning to be understood the patterns of transcriptome are the reflection of distinct cell types that are involved in the development of the disease process our plan is to approach the diseases beginning from a global view that allows us to then come down to the most relevant cell types in tissues and blood in addition by understanding disease heterogeneity and diseases similarities we can also identify the best pathways to be targeted with specific biological treatments the diseases involved are systemic lupus erythematosus rheumatoid arthritis multiple sclerosis asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease crohns disease and ulcerative colitis based on a unique ongoing platform of clinical groups across europe and specialists in cell and molecular profiling imaging analyses single cell sequencing and analysis we will identify the molecular basis of each of the diseases heterogeneity the mechanisms of treatment non responsiveness and develop a specialized training program where students will be able to visualize the overall work from design to analysis of the data and become engaged in the unique multidisciplinariry of this platform the platform will have available existing clinical studies and clinical trials but will be also producing new data from prospective studies where samples and tissues for each disease based on the appropriate indications will be obtained with special protocols for the study the engaged students will be permeated by the latest advances in not one but several new approaches and systems biology modelling and develop outofthebox concepts where diseases can be viewed not as separate clinical entities but as novel groups of shared molecular and cellular patterns that impinge on specific tissues by specialized cell types
development of minimally invasive neuromodulatory electroconductive hydrogel in combination with physical stimuli for spinal cord regeneration

spinal cord injury sci is a debilitating health conditions affecting circa 2704 million people globally including 64 million europeans with serious impact on the quality of life and socioeconomic status of the patients existing regenerative and rehabilitation approaches are largely palliative and neuroprotective targeting the spared neural tissue after injury with limited efficacy in regeneration while the spinal cord has poor regenerative ability the degenerative processes further complicate the sci pathophysiology hence no regenerative and rehabilitation approaches individually have resulted in complete and near complete functional recovery to date to fully restore the injured spinal cords functionality a coordinated combinational approach addressing particular degenerative processes is necessary herein the fellow proposes to develop a regenerativerehabilitation combinational approach to maximize the functional regenerative outcome after sci using minimally invasive injectable electroconductive hydrogels echs functionalized with neurotrophins nts and antiinflammatory cytokines in combination with electrical stimulation es and near infrared nir laser stimulation es and nir laser through the ech will be used to stimulate the neurons and glial cells to enhance regeneration and neuroplasticity as well as for on demand delivery of biologics to target the inhibitory processes this proposal describes the projects multidisciplinary nature execution and management of the project by the fellow and the multiple collaborators who will each provide the fellow with cuttingedge research skills the goals of the fellows project place specific focus to ensure that the training of the fellow brings him to a level of competitive scientific excellence at international level
advancing integrated risk assessments of cropping systems in subsaharan africa

in subsaharan africa ssa attaining food security is crucial for the united nations sustainable development goal of zero hunger despite this malnutrition rates of ssa in 2022 have deteriorated compared to 2010 climate change further compounds this challenge as it affects the ssa cropping systemthe bedrock for the local food system but highly vulnerable to environmental shifts the condition seems more severe here in the future not only a higher frequency of extreme weather events occurring but also more outbreaks of pests and diseases surprisingly most agricultural risk analyses on ssa have overlooked the impact of pests because few regional crop models can address its simulation moreover most studies about ssa focused on quantifying yield loss risk but the overarching goal of agriculture risk assessment should be to elucidate the associated economic ramifications as a basis for policy responses this project iracs seeks to answer what is the integrated risk of crop failures in ssa under climate change and what are its subsequent economic implications to tackle this the iracs will first develop a new pest model this will be integrated with an enhanced crop model to better predict crop failure risks subsequently applying future scenario datasets this coupled model will assess potential yield loss in ssa an integrated assessment model globiom will then be employed to assess the associated economic impacts ultimately the iracs initiative aims to not only deepen understanding of the interplay between climate change cropping systems and farmer livelihoods in ssa but also show how to combine biophysical models with economic models to investigate climate change impact effectively
novel coordination polymerbased cathodes for high energy rechargeable divalent batteries

the aftermath of climate change energy crisis are acknowledged as one of the most demanding socioeconomic challenges of modern times frontier energy storage technologies are crucial to develop to ensure clean affordable supply of energy current liion technology lib is approaching its limit whether concerning performance metrics or environmental impact in turn rechargeable mg or cabased batteries show great theoretical promises in all these aspects however unavailability of suitable high voltage cathode materials with practical power energy metrics limits their application in this proposal we will explore a novel type of 1d linear coordination polymer cpbased cathode material for highenergy reversible mg caion storage cipbat our innovative approach is to synthesize anionic cps in discharged state containing mg or ca cation like a typical lib inorganic cathode we will synthesize conjugated sulfonamidebased cathode materials followed by a consolidated understanding of the electrode reactivity through structureperformance correlation by physicochemical electrochemical operando techniques final objective here is to construct prototype cipbat pouch cells that can operate at high voltage 23 v for mg 34 v for ca with good cycling stability of atleast 250 cycles by combining my strong expertise in core electrochemistry with excellent background of host supervisor on organic battery materials and secondment lab on divalent battery chemistry the project will be effectively implemented the successful completion of this project will also lead to constructing the first mg cametal but also anode free prototype cells this will boost the sustainable allorganic divalent battery research to a new level and replace the need of scarce expensive controversial supply of raw materials in current systems finally this fellowship will provide me with great opportunities to achieve professional excellence research independency