Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
algebraic theory of information quantities

information theory is a discipline at the intersection of statistics engineering and computer science as the study of information quantities such as compression or communication capacities information content or measures of statistical dependency it is one of the theoretical underpinnings of data sciencecomputational problems in information theory are highly nonlinear the goal of this project is to transfer stateoftheart methods of computational nonlinear algebra to information theory to study the inherent algebraic complexity of informationtheoretical problems and to provide tools for solving them in practice the algebraic point of view has proven to be fruitful in seemingly unrelated areas as witnessed by a surge of recent work in algebraic statistics in particular on likelihood geometry however maximizing the likelihood function is the same as minimizing relative entropy a specific information quantity hence this project also aims at generalizing the techniques developed in likelihood geometryone focus is on the practical computation of information quantities using numerical and differential algebraic geometry such quantities are defined via nonlinear optimization problems and we aim to pinpoint the algebraic complexity of these problems in instances of general interest such as common information measures the final objective is finding fundamental laws and limits of data science imposed by nonlinear inequalities constraining the entropic region these inequalities provide by duality universal bounds for many of the optimization problems studied in information theory
stream itstreaming girls and women into steam education innovation and research

the main objective of stream it is to initiate change about the persisting gender inequalities in stem education research and innovation to contribute to the implementation of the the european manifesto for genderinclusive steam education and careers the envisioned aim of the project will be achieved by 1 empowering underrepresented groups in stem 2 piloting and fostering the integration of steam approaches in stem education by synthesising previous knowledge and networks 3 promoting genderinclusive career paths and increasing the talent pipeline in the stem fields together with the attractiveness of stem careers 4 supporting stem education providers through knowledge sharing capacity building to remove genderbased barriers including gender stereotypes in stem education by encouraging sustainable collaboration of stemoriented businesses secondary and higher education institutions research organisations as well as informal science education establishments ngos and civil society organisations stream it provides several tools for closing the existing gender gap in stem education and career
philosophical logical and experimental routes to substructurality

there is a large family of nonclassical logics that fall under the heading of substructurality among the logics in the substructural family the recent philosophical literature pays particular attention to what can be termed radically substructural logics nontransitive and nonreflexive reflexive logics as well as variants and hybrids of these obtained by metainferential ascent the overall goal of plexus is to advance the knowledge of radical substructural logics and deepen our understanding of the broader phenomenon of substructurality by coordinating the efforts of researchers across the globe across generations and across traditions we see our project characterised by the following concepts integration crossfertilization and knowledge sharingthis general objective is articulated in three objectives1 philosophical foundations investigate the main philosophical challenges raised by radically substructural logics2 logic and applications investigate prooftheoretic and model theoretic characterizations of radically substructural logics and their logicolinguistic applications3 the metainferences inventory and metainferences prover develop a tool to measure nave reasoners preferences on metainferences and implement an automatic metainferences prover
catalysis in aqueous solution by magnetic induction biomass valorization

within a worldwide upsurge of renewable energies and the need to replace chemicals from fossil sources biocatmag intends to offer a new catalytic approach for producing chemicals from biomass based on magnetically induced catalysis where a catalyst with a magnetic response combines heating and catalytic functions under an alternate magnetic field the technology presented would enable the coupling of intermittent renewable energies with biomass valorization remarkably several challenges but also opportunities lie on the horizon owing to the use of magnetocatalysis some of them would be tuning the selectivity by changing the magnetic field amplitude stabilizing magnetic metal nanoparticles in water or the need to accomplish cascadetype processes therefore the project aims to broaden current knowledge of magnetically induced catalysis while providing a set of chemicals using unprecedented nonnoble metal catalysts and greener reaction conditions such as aqueous media and low pressures furthermore the reactions have been carefully chosen to cover the main areas of interest in biomass valorization by heterogeneous catalysis in that sense the transformation of a nextgeneration platform molecule levoglucosenone the production of organonitrogen chemicals pyrazines and the valorization of cellulose will be the processes selected this selection also considers the need to meet the challenges mentioned earlier in that line all reactions will be performed in aqueous media the levoglucosenone hydrogenation or hydrogenolysis will be adjusted with the field amplitude and for the valorization of cellulose a twostep onepot process to 25bishydroxymethylfurane is proposed in this last case a multicatalytic batch reactor working with two different temperature regions is proposed for the first time taking advantage of the differential heating experimented by different metallic materials under the same alternate magnetic field exposure
creating materials banks from digital urban mining

sum4re proposes a comprehensive approach to creating materials banks from the built environment by combining urban mining and technologies for automated onsite data acquisition and building materials identification and asset components the project aims to achieve nine objectives including developing a traceability system for building materials developing a holistic methodological framework for assessing circular use of construction products and developing onsite and offsite smart digital solutions to identify construction entities and analyse their propertiesthe methodology of sum4re is based on a systemic approach that encompasses three main activities identification analysis and contribution to circularity the project aims to develop software tools and databases based on robust identification assisted by ai and other digital techniques supported by blockchain solutions and consider circular economy processes such as reduce reuse repair recycle and renovate sum4re will improve the bim standard to support current circular cbim challenges following open standards and ensuring interoperability with commercial databasessum4re proposes three demonstration pilots linked to construction projects to validate the methodology and a strategy for skill development to upskill the workforce in the construction sector and facilitate the uptake of the solutions developed overall sum4re aims to support the transition towards circular construction practices and reduce the amount of construction and demolition waste sent to landfillsthe relevance of the project lies in the need to address the increasing generation of construction and demolition waste which is the largest waste stream in the eu as well as the problems associated with co2 emissions and climate change the project emphasizes the use of new techniques and technologies to rapidly identify materials and support circular construction practices
european research infrastructures pathway to improved resilience and digital and remote access

the erimote project is the first to consider solutions for digital and remote service provision across ri domains and to look for transferable practices and new developments that will improve accessibility and resilience of ri infrastructures while existing processes will be collected erimote will also explore new solutions using defined use cases to develop and test their implementation in ri scenarios this will take us beyond the stateoftheart for concrete solutions the erimote consortium is relatively small with eight beneficiary participants representing four main esfri ri roadmap domains however the consortium extends much more broadly through the existing contacts and networking partners of each of the project participants increasing the reach out to hundreds of individuals other european and global ris scientific networks ri users industry partners and policy makers erimote is intended for 30 months to enable timely interventions the project is outlined relatively straightforward by four main activities erimote will create an online information platform with a publicly available data store on best practises and tools based on a landscape analysis also with needs and impact this will be translated into strategies on transition and use cases green paper all this is based on broad outreach and extensive dissemination beyond the consortium the erimote consortium will identify strategies and solutions to enable transition to remote and digital access to ri services that will help to enhance and make more accessible the service capacities of ris while reducing the need for physical access to ri sites bringing benefits to the green economy reducing the footprint of ris and increasing their inclusiveness as a result in addition erimote will contribute to increased efficiency of remote access service provision at ris enhance mutual knowledge and trust and develop joint strategies across the ri domains on transition to
the aramaization of the middle east revisiting the fall and rise of written traditions

for more than two thousand years the sumerian and akkadian languages and the cuneiform script dominated the written record of the middle east c3000500 bce yet the hegemonic cultural position of these languages began to erode under the assyrian empire 935612 bce when the region was subject to an imperial order closely aligned with the sumeroakkadian tradition how did aramaic writing lacking a comparable pedigree or status manage to establish itself alongside sumeroakkadian before displacing it altogetheranswering this question has significance far beyond the first millennium bce the aramaization of the middle east is the story of the fall of the worlds oldest literate tradition and its replacement by an upstart language and script making sense of this transition will be instructive for our understanding of processes of language change in the long term it will also contribute to our understanding of later sociolinguistic transformations in the middle east and elsewhere including in our own time of global linguistic and cultural fluxthe aramaization of the middle east has evaded adequate treatment because of the difficulty and dispersal of the data enduring disciplinary divisions and outdated interpretative paradigms the publication in recent decades of much new evidence adds to the urgency of the problem the aramaization project will investigate the aramaization of the middle east across disciplinary boundaries bringing together expertise in assyriology aramaic studies and historical sociolinguistics we will approach aramaization as a process rooted in the choices of the people and institutions who commissioned and produced writing we will examine these choices by surveying all available evidence together as part of a single linguistic landscape our research will pioneer sociolinguistic research methods with broad applicability to the study of language choice and language change across the ancient world and beyond
research is your elevation

superscienceme research is your elevation aims at redefining the relationship between art science and society with a strong focus on sustainability and inclusion inspired by the new european bauhaus championing a holistic approach to sustainability and interweaving environmental social and cultural dimensions and by prof nuccio ordines illuminating work the usefulness of the useless this initiative transcends conventional boundaries advocating for a collaborative ethos where citizens converge with researchersthe strategic objectives of the project are articulated in four main pillars 1 to enhance citizen involvement in all stages of the ri process 2 to promote excellence in research projects across europe and beyond 3 to cultivate a deeper understanding of the eu among the general public and 4 to elevate the interests of next generations in research and scientific careers by igniting their curiosity and passion with a specific focus on girlscentral to our approach is an unwavering commitment to open science an endeavor to democratize knowledge and break down barriers that hinder accessibility through a series of immersive experiences workshops and interactive exhibitions we invite participants to explore the multifaceted intersections of art and science encouraging dialogue and exchange among experts and the public alike through this collective effort we envisage a future where the pursuit of knowledge is cherished not only for its utility but also for the transformative beauty it imparts to our livessuperscienceme will forge a legacy that affirms the indispensable role of the useless in sculpting the future of humanity 1 ensuring it is inclusive in addressing the complex challenges of our time 2 creating unique learning opportunities for pupils through direct interaction with researchers and 3 reaching out to underprivileged communities who may not have easy access to scientific resources or formal education
tracking the deep evolutionary origins of neurons

the evolutionary origin of first neurons was key for animals as it allowed them to rapidly detect environmental cues and to coordinate responses to threats or opportunities the evolutionary origin of neurons however remains a highly debated and largely enigmatic subject since there is no broad agreement on the relationships at the base of the animal tree and not all nonbilaterian animals have neurons strikingly early branching animals as well as their closest unicellular relatives already contain many components of the molecular toolkits for neuronal functions origineuro addresses fundamental questions regarding the evolutionary origin of synapses and neurons from molecular to cellular scales my recent studies on choanoflagellates the closest living relatives of all animals and ctenophores comb jellies strong candidates for one of the first animal lineages are providing exciting new and surprising clues into the ancestry of synaptic proteins including the discovery of a neurosecretory apparatus in choanoflagellates and a unique nervous system in ctenophores the proposed 5year programme brings together correlative volume electron microscopy superresolution imaging quantitative live cell imaging stateoftheart molecular biology and single cell rna sequencing focusing on a ctenophore as model organism objective 1 will provide a detailed understanding of the ultrastructure and connectivity of ctenophore neurons forming the subepithelial nerve net objective 2 will shed light on the so far elusive ctenophore neuron development by functionally characterizing ctenophore neurons objective 3 i will understand how they work and what they do origineuro fills a research gap and will provide insights into how many ways to build a neural network thus origineuro aims at challenging the paradigm of network activity emerging through cellular diversification and synaptic connections
socioeconomic challenges and opportunities of the energy transition

energyintransition will push the frontier in energy and environmental economics by addressing and quantifying novel socioeconomic challenges and opportunities that arise as the energy transition moves forward firstly there is an urgent need to design new energy transition policies while redesigning existing ones in particular the prospect that green hydrogen might help reduce our dependency on fossil fuels has accelerated the need to define its regulation likewise the recent energy crisis has triggered the debate about the redesign of electricity markets however there is no academic research guiding these fundamental policy changes energyintransition will pioneer stateoftheart research on green hydrogen regulation and electricity market design through theoretical empirical and simulation analyses secondly it is paramount to assess and address the distributional consequences of energy transition policies across regions workers and households in particular i will delve into the local socioeconomic impacts of the phaseout of coal plants and the phasein of renewables while existing research has analyzed the global effects of this structural change evidence of the local effects is scant local opposition against renewables which has become a major obstacle to their deployment testifies to the relevance of the local effects energyintransition will use recent advances in survey design to provide novel evidence on the local opposition toward renewables while contributing to identifying effective solutions to curb it moreover i will quantify the distributional consequences of rooftop solar policies across households and investigate the understudied possibility of redesigning them to mitigate their adverse effects academics will benefit from the discovery of new methodological approaches to analyze the energy transition while policymakers will gain insight into the solutions for the most compelling socioeconomic challenges ahead
new frontiers in informationtheoretic secure computation

informationtheoretic secure computation is a generalpurpose technique for processing sensitive data without compromising its confidentiality or integrity even in the presence of a computationallyunbounded allpowerful adversary this notion plays an important role in cryptography both as a standalone object and as a tool for computational constructs despite its increasing importance we have a very limited understanding of the intrinsic complexity of informationtheoretic security and some of the most central feasibility questions in this area have remained open for more than three decadesin this proposal we aim to decipher the power and limitations of this notion we will focus on three main objectives first we aim to improve the complexity of general secret sharing schemes and exploit such improvements towards realizing highlyefficient generalpurpose zeroknowledge proofs the second objective is to explore the complexity of secure noninteractive reductions and multiparty randomized encoding a powerful generalization of informationtheoretic garbled circuits that was recently presented by the pi the third objective is to expand our theoretical understanding of constantround informationtheoretic protocols optimize their round complexity and study their concrete and asymptotic computational complexitybeing part of several recent exciting developments in these areas we believe that it is now possible to make progress in some of these basic open problems the suggested research will bridge across different regions of computer science such as coding theory cryptography and computational complexity it is expected to impact central problems in cryptography while enriching the general landscape of theoretical computer science
to shield or not to shield deciphering dna repair pathway choice after crisprcas cleavage

genome editing has triggered a revolution with stark implications in life science recently a new geneediting technique crisprcas has become dominant in laboratory conditions the first step in a targeted genome modification requires the crisprcas nuclease to generate a specific dna doublestrand break dsb eukaryotic cells repair the dsbs by the fast but potentially mutagenic nonhomologous end joining nhej and by the accurate homology directed repair hdr pathways gene editing techniques exploit the hdr to modify the dna to the desired sequenceusually it is the nhej that repairs the dsbs that presents a threat of introducing mutations and limits gene editing efficiency and use in medical applications moreover even after entering the hdr pathway an unclear mechanism involving protein 53bp1 and shieldin complex blocks the pathway from progressing my goal is to decipher the 53bp1shieldin induced block and then assess shieldin pathway as a possible therapeutic target to increase the frequency of hdr after crisprcas cleavage the objectives include1 reconstitution of the shieldin pathway in mammalian hek293 and insect hi5 cells2 structural characterization of the protein assembly at dsbs by electron microscopy and mass spectrometry3 biochemical analysis of the relation between dsb repair and shieldin pathway in general the findings can be applied to enhance any geneediting technique involving a generation of dsbs importantly the results will provide a base for a longawaited revolution in personalized medicine the host laboratory of prof montoya already focuses on improving the properties of the cas nucleases by means of structural biology and the shieldin project fits right in their research portfolio developing the project will boost my career as new skills in structural biology including protein electron microscopy will complement my previous expertise in proteinprotein interaction and crosslinking mass spectrometry studies
hostile environments the political ecology of migration and border violence

across the world state borders are being increasingly militarised and migrants funnelled into more and more hazardous terrains such as oceans mountain ranges and deserts in the last few years alone several thousands have died while crossing these hostile environments whose material geographies are harnessed as crucial tools of border control at the same time across and beyond urban geographies in the global north a generalised atmosphere of hostility has led to shrinking forms of social protection for those classified as outsiders with legislation passed to deny migrants access to work housing services and education this project sets out to reframe the notion of hostile environment first introduced in the migration debate in the uk in 2012 to refer to such antimigrant laws as a conceptual and analytical lens to capture these distant but interconnected processes whereby natural and civic spaces alike have been weaponised by extractive processes surveillance technologies border control practices and bureaucratic protocols going beyond the catastrophist and securityoriented perspectives that dominate these debates hemig will develop artsbased strategies of spatial and visual analysis to capture the entangled nature of border and environmental violence and its harmful effects a multidisciplinary team will focus on three border environments located along a typical migrant trajectory linking subsaharan africa to northern europe using a unique combination of methods bigsmall data highlow tech tools and remotefield research as well as involving affected communities and partner organisations in each location the project will introduce new cuttingedge visualisation and mapping techniques to analyse these phenomena in this way it will also produce new conceptual grounds for rethinking the relation between environment and migration intervening in public debates on the human and environmental cost of border control