Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
character values and their relation with finite groups structure

research will be conducted on character theory of finite groups specifically on characters values and fields of values two new ambitious problems will be investigated one is a globallocal problem concerning irreducible characters of a group and of his sylow normalizers and it will be investigated using machine learning methods the other consists in searching for a family of irreducible characters which behaves well in relation with elements of prime power order my research will have a considerable impact in the field of character theory and it will have possible applications in other fields of group theory the use of of machine learning methods in my research may have an impact extending beyond group theory as it could suggest a similar use in other fields of mathematicsresearch to be conducted in kaiserslautern under the supervision of prof malle eminent researcher in the field of character theory of finite groups of lie type training on machine learning to be conducted in the cs department of the hosting university further training will be conducted on character theory of nonabelian simple groups and possibly as a teaching assistant in group theory
the synaptic active zone as a signaling hub for sleep homeostasis and resilience

resilience designates the ability of the brain to cope with and adapt to stressful situations sleep homeostasis is tightly linked to resilience and the sleep deficits observed alongside neurodegeneration probably operate as direct drivers of neurodegeneration however the knowledge gaps still remain huge and causally bridging the molecularcellular with the behavioral and organismic level remains a challenge hampering progress equally for biomedical and basic researchour recent data suggest that a form of presynaptic active zone plasticity prescale widely triggered in sleepdeprived drosophila brains can enhance the brain resilience to cope with the adverse effects of sleep deprivation concretely genetically fostering prescale in sleepless mutants rescued them from their reduced lifetime stress sensitivity cognitive deficits and hyperexcitability due to too low levels of voltagegated potassium channelsin synprotect we seek to test our hypothesis that prescale constitutes a globallyoperating homeostatic plasticity mechanism remodeling presynaptic terminals comprehensively to tune resilience statesin order to test this idea we will elucidate the core molecular scenario executing and bidirectionally regulating prescale and consequently decipher how exactly the remodeling of the mere presynaptic active zones and local excitability tuning via potassium channels intersect at the presynaptic terminal in parallel we will test whether prescale is needed to enhance resilience in a brainwide fashion or if its modus operandi is more local genetic manipulation of prescale will allow us to define brain states of high andlow resilience which we will dissect combining superresolution and in vivo activity imaging and proteomic tools thus we will open the way towards a comprehensive insight into the activity signaling and metabolic profile of brain resilience
sprayinduced gene silencing using bacterial extracellular vesicles for dsrna delivery to manage fungal diseases in agricultural and forest systems

fungal plant diseases are responsible for yield and quality losses in agroecosystems and also threaten the sustainability of forest ecosystems worldwide the management of fungal diseases in agroecosystems often relies on the intensive use of chemical fungicides which have negative impacts on the environment and may lead to the emergence of resistant strains at the same time fungal diseases are rarely managed in forest systems due to the scarcity of viable options sprayinduced gene silencing sigs is a novel management approach based on the ability of certain organisms including plant pathogenic fungi to take up doublestranded rna dsrna from the environment which can induce gene silencing in the target organism thus essential or virulencerelated genes can be specifically targeted by dsrnas in sigs preventing or reducing disease development and providing a biobased alternative to chemical fungicides in agroecosystems and a promising option for forest systems however the easy degradation of dsrna under environmental conditions is a major hurdle in adapting this technology for widespread use here we propose to use bacterial extracellular vesicles bevs as dsrna delivery vehicles in sigs my previous research experience has shown that artificial vesicles can encapsulate and protect dsrnas that target fungal genes through spray applications inducing gene silencing in several plant pathogenic fungi in this proposal we plan to develop a technology based on dsrna encapsulation into bacterial extracellular vesicles bevs to target two fungal species in the genus fusarium one that infects highvalue horticultural crops and one that infects forest pine trees through a carefully designed plan based on my research background and the expertise of my host institution we aim to develop sigs technologies based on bevs that will contribute to the sustainable management of fungal diseases in agricultural and forest systems
pancreatic cancer initial detection via liquid biopsy

pancreatic cancer pdac is usually detected at late stages and most patients die within one year after diagnosis in pancaid we will therefore develop a blood test for early detection of pdac despite tremendous technological advances in liquid biopsy diagnostics lbx this goal is very ambitious because small tumors release only minute amounts of cells or cellular products eg dna rna protein metabolites into the circulation thus tests with a high sensitivity are required but increases in sensitivity are usually achieved on the expenses of reduced specificity which can lead to significant overdiagnosis leading to unnecessary stress for the individuals with a falsepositive blood test and high costs for the health system in pancaid we will therefore establish a blood test with high accuracy by analyzing large cohorts of patients with pdac and its precursor lesions individuals at risk to develop pdac and appropriate agematched control groups healthy and noncancer diseases frequent in the targeted population ambitious objectives of pancaid include 1 establishment of a unique resource of blood samples of early pdac and risk groups wp1 2 establishment of a breakthrough blood test for early diagnosis of pdac wp2 3 identification of the best composite biomarker panel by integrating multimodal features in an aiassisted computational analysis 4 analysis of the socioeconomic impact of early pdac diagnosis wp4 and 5 definition of the ethics parameters relevant to early pdac detection wp5 a robust multibiomarker panel will be determined during the training period year 13 and subsequently validated on biobanked blood samples year 45 depending on the outcome of this comprehensive analysis pancaid will provide the design of a future prospective study for validation of the developed composite blood test in an international multicenter setting required to introduce lbx into screening programs for highrisk individuals this action is part of the cancer mission cluster of projects on prevention including screening
greenh2 production from water and bioalcohols by full solar spectrum in a flow reactor

water splitting for h2 production driven by solar energy is quite attractive while the current efficiency is very moderate due to both the extremely sluggish water oxidation half reaction and limited light harvesting mostly uvvisible light in addition the separation of one product h2 from the other o2 during water splitting is very costly the project is designed to address these challenges by i utilizing the full solar spectrum 3002500nm instead of uvvisible light 300700nm ii coupling water splitting with biomassderivative oxidation to avoid water oxidation iii well combining solid zscheme uvvisible photocatalysis and infrareddriven thermal catalysis and iv using a flow double tube reactor other than batch reactors thus targeting to produce green h2 from both water and biomass with a high quantum yield of 60 furthermore the project will coproduce highvalue chemicals with a high selectivity of 90 in addition the integration of lowcost and efficient catalysts with novel flow reactors will assure a continuous and efficient production of h2 and highvalue chemicals the entire process does not use fossil fuels nor produce co2 thus a zero carbonemission technology finally the system can be readily scaled up by numbering up the reactor modules all these are built upon a multidisciplinary and international consortium with the global experts in photocatalysis thermal catalysis reactor engineering product separation simulation and social science therefore the scientific and technical challenges as well as the environmental societal and economic impacts will be fully addressed in the project the proposed technology will typically benefit the eu economy by an innovative green h2 production process from water and biomass heavily contributing to a low carbon society in addition the international team including members from asia will facilitate the technology exploitation out of the eu to further benefit the eu economy
design and synthesis of novel inhibitors of the antiinfective target ispe

due to the current antimicrobial resistance crisis addressing underexplored targets to afford antiinfective compounds with novel modes of action is urgently needed antimicrobial resistance not only poses a threat to public health but is a substantial cost burden on the healthcare system this proposal focuses on the design and synthesis of novel inhibitors of the target 4diphosphocytidyl2cmethylderythritol kinase ispe ispe catalyzes the fourth step in the 2cmethylderythritol 4phosphate mep pathway which is essential for medically relevant pathogens eg enterobacter coli klebsiella pneumoniae mycobacterium tuberculosis and pseudomonas aeruginosa but entirely absent in humans making this enzyme a promising drug target we will initially explore drug fragments through the screening of carefully constructed fragment libraries followed by hittolead optimization for promising compounds target confirmation will be performed using a biologically active smallmolecule photocrosslinking probe and a crystal structure of ispe obtained in complex with a promising inhibitor the investigation of potential for therapeutic intervention via inhibition of ispe will result in several potent inhibitors enhancing the knowledge of this underexplored enzyme target and opening up access for further exploration of potent inhibitors this research will greatly contribute to the discovery of novel antiinfective agents leading to decreased morbidity and mortality in patients economical benefits for the health care system in the european union as well as globally
revealing the architecture of replicated human chromosomes by sisterchromatidsensitive fluorescence in situ hybridisation

the extremely long dna molecules encoding complex genomes of higher eukaryotes must be organised inside the tiny volume of cells so that the genetic information can be read maintained and propagated across cell generations genomic dna is folded into loops such that contacts between distant dna elements can mediate transcriptional regulation or assembly of mechanically stiff mitotic chromosomes following dna replication each chromosome contains two dna molecules which interact with each other to support homologydirected repair during interphase and dna compaction during mitosisadvances in sequencing technology and superresolution microscopy have revealed the 3d structure of chromosomes with unprecedented resolution but conventional methods cannot distinguish between the identical sequence present in replicated sisterchromatids the gerlich lab has recently developed a new sequencingbased technique termed sisterchromatidsensitive scshic which allows the discrimination of intra from intermolecular contacts in replicated chromosomes however scshic can only inform on interaction probabilities and does not reveal the actual 3d structure in single cellstherefore the aim of my proposed project is to establish a sisterchromatidsensitive fluorescence in situ hybridisation scsfish method for the highly multiplexed and automated detection of the 3d architecture of replicated genomes within individual cells the ringshaped cohesin complex is a key regulator of chromosome structure by forming loops within dna molecules and by linking sisterchromatids by depleting cohesin core subunitsregulators i will use scsfish to understand how cohesin structures replicated chromosomes i will further investigate how sisterchromatid conformation influences the efficiency of homologydirected repair at doublestrand breaks my project will hence provide insights into the organisation of replicated genomes with important implications for genomic integrity
galactic archaeology based on kband and optical spectroscopy

the standard paradigm of the buildup of spiral galaxies recognises a twophase scenario that comprises a quasimonolithic formation of the bulge earlyon followed by the gradual assembly of the disk however recent observational evidence strongly suggests joint formation and perpetual coevolution of both structures elucidating this process in its full complexity is of key astrophysical relevance and only possible through accurate characterisation of the main stellar components bulge disk and bar these are primarily studied via photometric decomposition techniques conventionally by extrapolating the exponential profile of the disk up to the galactic centre though hardly ever questioned this is a strong assumption with broad and farreaching implications which could effectively be violated particularly if the disk evolves in tandem with the bulge our latest work breda et al 2020b provided for the first time indirect observational evidence for a central downbending of the disk reinforcing theoretical predictions this project galykos will pioneer an unprecedented exploration of the central region of spiral galaxies through the combination of two techniques ie spatially resolved spectral synthesis and kinematical schwarzschild orbital decomposition of optical and kband integral field spectroscopy data this innovative methodology will permit to quantitatively constrain the true structure of the disk within the galactic centre and explore its dependence on the physical properties of spirals revolutionizing photometric decomposition studies apart from opening new routes for the exploration of the assembly history of galaxies this action will prompt for conceptual changes in our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution finally it will rectify wellestablished galaxy scaling relations such as supermassive black hole vs bulge and yield crucial insight into the nature of bulgeless galaxies a remaining challenge for the cdm model
institutional discrimination in explicit action how policies shape inequalities

this research project explores the consequences of institutional discrimination ie discriminatory treatment of individuals based on their membership to a certain group perpetuated by organizations in particular the project explores two policies that created institutional discrimination and aims at causally estimating the impacts on the socioeconomic outcomes of affected individuals in order to causally estimate the effects of institutional discrimination i will make use of rich administrative data from the netherlands and exploit quasirandom variation in exposure to institutional discrimination induced by the dutch institutional context in the first work package i will use a combination of rich administrative data machine learning methods and a differenceindifferences research design to study the effects of the dutch childcare benefit scandal this scandal arose when the dutch tax authorities started to target fraud investigations and heavily punish even small administrative mistakes using an algorithm that was biased against individuals with a nondutch nationality in the second work package i will use rich dutch administrative records matched with unique data from the social housing corporation in rotterdam and a differenceindifferences research design to study the effects of the rotterdam act this dutch policy created institutional discrimination by prohibiting access to social housing to some groups of individuals in disadvantaged neighbourhoods both studies will investigate the effect of institution discrimination on a wide array of socioeconomic outcomes including labour market participation welfare receipt wealth health and criminal involvement the results of this project will be of interest to a wide audience as they will contribute to our understanding of how institutional discrimination might affect vulnerable groups in the population
development and exploitation of new molecular tools to understand rhamnogalacturonanii metabolism in plants

most plants cells have a wall protecting them from environmental stress and diseases caused by pathogens the cell wall is made up of a network of complex carbohydrates including rhamnogalacturonan ii rgii a major component of pectin rgii is the most complex carbohydrate in nature and has been shown to play a critical role in plant growth development and protection from environmental stresses mutations altering the structure and composition of rgii for example have been shown to lead to strong developmental phenotypes or lethality and decreased crop yields rgii components have been shown to be targeted by plant pathogens responsible for significant crop losses in agriculture and recently in the human diet by beneficial species of the human gut microbiota a key player in hostmicrobial interactions despite its importance and potential we know very little about how rgii is made and how it performs its functions due to its complex nature and lack of appropriate tools to study it i have recently developed a molecular tool box including a genetic approach using the gut microbe bacteroides thetaiotaomicron to generate diverse chemically defined rgiiderived oligosaccharides rgiidegrading enzymes and recently new rgii binding proteins and oligosaccharides i will expand this toolbox generate highthroughput technologies and later exploit them to enhance our understanding of rgii biosynthesis in plants this work will form the foundation to allow fine modulation of rgii structures for both plant and human health benefiti am a british national and i completed my phd at newcastle university uk through a uk commonwealth scholarship i have significant experience in glycobiology microbial genetics and enzymology at boku university i will have the opportunity to develop skills in synthetic chemistry glycan array development and exploitation and plant protein expression in various hosts including human embryonic kidney hek cells and purification
hormonemicrobiome interactions as a keyplayer in female health

incidence rates of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are increasing dramatically and a clear sex bias exists in disease presentation and progression while the underlying reasons are largely unknown hormones are hypothesized to play a central role in these discrepancies and the microbiome is linked to disease pathology however a key understudied player is the interplay between hormones and the microbiome in human healthcrucially hormonemicrobiome interactions in the human body are poorly understood microbes produce hormonelike signals and play a role in hormone metabolism and regulation while hormones influence bacterial growth it is currently unknown how the menstrual cycle impacts the microbiome and how disruptions of this natural cycle impact female health i have identified unique fluctuations in microbial diversity in healthy women that are absent in men and altered in women on hormonal contraceptives there is a lack of medical research focusing on female physiology particularly investigating endocrinological changes and disruptions understanding the consequences of endocrinerelated disruptions and how hormonemicrobiome interactions contribute to them is a fundamental step towards precision medicine that will benefit both women and mentherefore i will systematically investigate hormonemicrobiome interactions in 1 healthy women on and off hormonal contraceptives 2 women at menopause and 3 infertile women receiving fertility treatment i will integrate clinical data with stateoftheart multiomics profiles using computational approaches and i will combine these with mechanistic validation using bacterial strains isolated from the female subjects at the end of my project we will know how exogenous and endogenous hormones interact with the microbiome and how they impact female health further we will identify biomarkers for optimal treatment of infertility and propose new microbiomebased therapeutic strategies for this disorder
detection of the different phases of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and prediction of the development of tuberculosis disease progression by application of novel interferon gamma release assay

tuberculosis disease tb is the second leading infectious killer after covid19 above hivaids the main reason is due to high ability of the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb to hide after infection and lack of the precise and sensitive tests able to detect different forms of tb and indicate disease progression therefore the aim of this project is to search and investigate new antigens that could be used not only for the detection of different phases of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection but also could be used for precise prognostic tool to achieve this goal the experience of the applicant in a ltbi diagnostics medical microbiology and molecular biology will be combined with hands on training in a field of bioinformatics and in silico approaches supported by artificial intelligence computational and experimental methods applied for structural analysis of proteins supporting strategic decisions in detection system development as part of the world health organizations who end tb strategy to reduce the mortality and incidence rates of tb by 90 and 80 respectively in 2025 and further reduction by 95 and 90 in 2035 reverse efforts to focus on tb infection management as one of the tb preventive care approaches for the longterm situation of tb prevention and treatment are highly needed the main goal of this proposal is to better understand molecular basic of the tb infection and progression aiming identification of the new antigens which later can provide a new avenue for designing of novel interferon gamma release assays igra test for detection of different phases of tb infection and predict active tb disease progression we hypothesise that using latency associated protein candidates and ifnproducing cd8 t cells specific mtb antigens we will be able to achieve these goals