Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
metallic phase change materialcomposites for thermal energy management

thermal energy storage tes systems can give strategic contribution to efficiency and flexibility of intermittent power sources of various nature but their temporal modulation up to long chargedischarge cycles passes through proper tuning of thermal properties of the materials exchanging heat with fluids in tes systems mtes project proposes an innovative approach to manufacture by a lowcost one step process granules of composite metallic phase change materials mpcms they can be tailored in term of enthalpytemperature relationships and heat transfer properties to meet the material requirement for flexible tes systems the 3year mtes project will be focused on immiscible alloy systems based on recycled alsi casting alloys and sn with no need of critical raw material adding a new option for reuse and recycle them mtes project will i identify thermophysical requirements for mpcms service ii study alloys surface and wetting properties to support the iii study of suitable process conditions iv obtain thermalmechanical granule properties a grained system will be tested as proofofconcept and vi its mechanical and heat transfer potential will be modeled to support further development toward higher trl and other alloys the multidisciplinary project objectives will be accomplished thanks to the knowledgeequipment complementarity of partners polimi cnr kit ovgu they will work in strict interaction within and between wps the young researchers hired for the project will be forged to curious multidisciplinary and deep understanding mtes dissemination plan will spread results preferring open activities starting from scientific papersconferences widening to open science events for techniciansphd students up to the general public
building a space revolution electric airbreathing technology for highatmosphere exploration

airflight and spaceflight gave mankind different perspectives and opened new paths for communication a gap remains between 50 km and 250 km of altitude where the rarefied atmosphere makes it hardly viable to operate with either spacecraft or planes airbreathing electric rockets aers will allow to close this gap lowering the altitude of spacecraft operations below 250 km in the socalled very low earth orbits vleos operations in vleos will give radical advantages in terms of orbit accessibility payload performance protection from radiations and endoflife disposal aers combine an intake to collect the residual atmosphere in front of the spacecraft and an electric thruster to ionize and accelerate the atmospheric particles such residual gas can be exploited as renewable resource not only to keep the spacecraft on a vleo but also to remove the main limiting factor of spacecraft lifetime ie the amount of stored propellant several realizations of the aer concept have been proposed but limited evidence of the concept feasibility is available the few endtoend experimental campaigns highlighted the need to improve the aer functional design and the representativeness of simulated atmospheric flows the difficulty in recreating the vleo environment in a laboratory limits the data available to validate scaling laws and modelling efforts the objective of breathe is to increase the understanding of airbreathing electric propulsion and to pave the way toward the inorbit demonstration of the aer concept with this aim project activities will focus on 1 developing theoretical models and simulation tools to characterize atmospheric flows and lowtemperature plasmas 2 merging onground testing and virtual simulations to provide a controlled environment for the characterization of prototypes and the extrapolation to flight conditions 3 identifying the main scaling laws governing aers and thus the optimal operating principle and design
waterbased electric thrusters

the wet project aims to establish waterelectric propulsion technology as a standard choice for future space missions through a multifaceted approach the project will address several interconnected aspects i the architectural and conceptual design of a waterbased electric thruster ii feasibility analysis of converting the thrusters building blocks to water focusing on neutralizers iii assessment of water plasma crosssections using theoretical and numerical approaches to enhance understanding of underlying physics and iv feasibility analysis of a toolbox comprising diagnostic and measurement tools dedicated to waterbased plasma alongside upgrades to testing facilities to accommodate water thrusters targeting the 500 1000 w range the project aims to cater to the smallsats segment with flexibility for potential deepspace applications emphasis will be placed on ensuring mutual interactions between each aspect to establish a common knowledge base and lay the groundwork for future standardization this sustainable approach will provide a catalyst for relevant followup activities by the projects end conceptual development of this technology is expected to reach trl 23
fundamental indeterminacy of spacetime

it has been a longlasting major mystery in modern physics that our current best theories namely general relativity for spacetime and quantum mechanics qm for matter are incompatible with each other revealing deep conceptual flaws in the way we understand the physical world we currently lack a truly fundamental theory of nature that provides a quantum description of space and time ie a theory of quantum gravity qg yet an important obstacle currently stands in the way of the current development of qg indeed influential research programmes attempting to find a theory of qg yield theories in which spacetime is emergent rather than fundamental such approaches called emergent spacetime theories ests raise critical philosophical challenges for the very possibility of considering these theories as describing the fundamental physical world beyond their mere mathematical content there exists a gap between the mathematical nature of the theories and their postulated meaning such a gap is highly detrimental to the development of fundamental physics the project finds intends to fill that gap by providing a clear intelligible interpretation of what it means for spacetime to be emergent in eststhe projects outputs are expected to contribute to the following scientific impacts first the research will provide a unified solution to the current conceptual obstacles of ests in the long term this can foster new knowledge in philosophy of spacetime emergence and indeterminacy and quantum physics thereby contributing to the objectives of the european quantum flagship initiative second the research will promote a specific realist interpretative recipe that can during and shortly after the project be used as a defence of scientific realism in the face of theory change and proliferationthe researcher has a background in physics and quantum metaphysics esp of spacetime finds is the ideal project to complete her expertise in that field
nuclear structure evolution with laser spectroscopy

the study of exotic atomic nuclei with extreme proton to neutron asymmetry is one of the pillars of contemporary nuclear physics and the study of the evolution of fundamental nuclear properties across the nuclear chart is one of its key aspects in the last decades many experimental and theoretical efforts have been devoted to the study of the disappearance of shell closures often accompanied by an increase of configuration mixing and collectivity leading to the formation of islands of inversion where groundstates are found to have a deformed structure the experimental study of such regions is of crucial importance for our understanding of the lowlying mechanisms generating these drastic structural evolutions which poses serious challenges to nuclear theories groundstate properties are known to be a very sensitive probes to the nuclear wave function and to provide stringent test to nuclear theories the collinear resonance ionization spectroscopy cris experiment is a cuttingedge experimental setup located at isoldecern that perform laser spectroscopy on radioactive atomes in order to extract ground state properties the present project aims at pushing groundstate nuclear properties measurements into the region of the n40 island of inversion and near 78ni in order to benchmark nuclear theories shell model density functional theory and abinitio and to shed light on the lowlying mechanism responsible for drastic structural evolutions among the objectives of the project is the implementation of a decay spectroscopy station at cris that will allow to combine decay and laser spectroscopy techniques this will offer unique opportunities for nuclear structure studies in the 78ni region and has the potential to lead to several crucial discoveries
european food fraud community of practice from outset to operation

our aim is to revolutionise the combat against food fraud and enhance transparency in our food supply chains how by establishing and mobilising the european food fraud community of practice effcop a sustainable research and innovation ecosystem of food fraud researchers and endusers based on solid sociological principles we have gathered a diverse group of stakeholders in our consortium scientists regulators large and smallsized industry the organic sector existing networks with 4200 members and more to lay the groundwork they are catalysers to reach out rapidly to a large number of prospective effcop members that is only the beginning we will set out to understand the needs of the various stakeholder groups and the network structure to prioritise content and enhance information flows and we set up the effhub as our virtual headquarters an interactive collaborative space from there series of activities will be rolled out sharing existing research and innovation resources and educational materials developing new ones good practice recommendations factsheets and case study materials and we will host engaging virtual and live events to facilitate interactive collaboration these events involve food fraud festivals gamificationbased training courses living labs authentic appetites podcast series the effcop on tour program webinars virtual cafes a food fraud incident preparedness workshop and dedicated events for the future generation our goal is to cultivate a vibrant community of over 5000 members at the end of the project all dedicated to combating food fraud and learning from each other to ensure our effcop stands the test of time we are not only implementing the proven concept of cop design for evolution but also a comprehensive exploitation strategy and business plan together we will work towards a future with enhanced authenticity traceability and transparency within our food supply chains
unravelling the molecular specificities of the archaeal core replisome

the ability of cells to copy their genome before cell division is one of the wonders of biology for dna replication to succeed multiple proteins act in concert forming a dynamic molecular engine known as the replisome great effort has been made to characterise all the components of the replisome yet our understanding of how they work together to achieve dna replication is still very limited recent studies have provided initial structural clues on the t7 phage yeast and human replisomes yet there is a large knowledge gap around the archaeal one furthermore the archaeal replisome constitutes a living molecular fossil with a blend of bacterial and eukaryotic features that can help us better understand the emergence of eukaryotesthe first aim of arcrep is to use recent advances in cryoelectron microscopy cryoem to determine the first structure of the archaeal replisome revealing the molecular contacts that allow it to function the second aim is to further understand how the replisome interacts with dna and to assess its potential for future development of tools that harness the sophistication of natures replisome in a test tube as novel singlecell genomics biotechnologywith the cryoem experience i gained during my phd i will join the sauguet lab to build up on their ample experience in the structure of archaeal replication proteins and achieve the first aim of arcrep during a secondment in the gardner lab new england biolabs usa who are experts in archaeal replication enzymology and have an established collaboration with the host lab i will further characterise the replisome with methods previously developed in their group this will achieve the second aim of arcrep backed by a world leader in the production of reagents for life sciencesthe distinct expertise that each of the three parties brings to arcrep is an ideal melting pot for it to succeed and for me to acquire invaluable experience in both academic and industry environments
echoes of experience how statistical and reward learning guide our decisions

our visual system constantly encounters a plethora of stimuli drastically surpassing our processing capabilities for indepth analysis it is hence essential to select the elements that is most relevant for our objectives and ignore irrelevant ones one helpful feature for this is that the world is characterized by numerous regularities making it partially predictable our brain can extract these regularities from past experience and use them to efficiently guide target selection recently significant scientific interest has been directed to two forms of learning that focus on two types of regularities in rewardmediated learning rl people learn which stimuli are associated with reward prioritizing the elements related with high vs low reinforcement statistical learning sl in contrast allows people to extract statistical regularities from the environment such as how often a stimulus occurs in a specific location optimizing future actions toward the location where the relevant element appears frequently in everyday life rl and sl coexist and they jointly guide our selection of relevant stimuli however they have been mainly addressed separately using divergent tasks hindering a direct comparison of the results and assessing their combined influence this project seeks to bridge this gap by systematically comparing rl and sl in a systematic and wellbalanced experimental setup to understand how people implicitly learn from their past experience using a series of consistent experimental tasks behavioral ocular and electroencephalography measures will be recorded from healthy human volunteers to assess the individual and joint effect of rl and sl on the process dynamics from target selection until response execution furthermore employing markov decision process models we will compare the observed performance with model performance jointly our results will provide important insights into realworld learning mechanisms
addressing malnutrition and metabolic health in noncommunicable diseases through precision nutrition impact in quality of life and prognosis of lung cancer patients

malnutrition represents a major burden for a large part of the population and in particular for vulnerable population groups like lung cancer patients lung cancer is a global health crisis with over 22 million new cases in 2020 and profound societal and economic impacts lung cancer patients suffer from reduced quality of life psychological distress comorbidities and the challenges of frequent treatments as well as malnutrition and metabolic complicationsmentoring seeks to enhance patients nutritional and metabolic statuses by targeting deficiencies in macro and micronutrients and restoring the microbiome and glycomic health profiles this will contribute to improving the overall quality of life of lung cancer patients increasing treatment efficacy and potentially enhancing their survival rates by combining dietary assessment nutritional and clinical biomarkers immuneinflammatory signatures anthropometry genetics glycomics lung and gut microbiome and foodrelated metabolomics we will develop holistic models able to predict individual responses to personalised dietary plans considering multiple nutritional and metabolic outcomes this precision nutrition approach will play a critical role in lung cancer care by customising dietary guidance based on an individuals genetic makeup nutritional assessment and health status to reduce cancer progression and increase quality of lifethis collaborative effort is tailored to the specific needs of lung cancer patients but it has been built in order to make it easily translatable to any other vulnerable population suffering from malnutrition or metabolic impairments the ultimate goal of mentoring is to enhance patients nutritional and metabolic statuses by using validated multiomics approaches potentially transforming the healthcare landscape
brain correlates of socially interactive language learning

more and more europeans acquire a second language l2 during adulthood however people greatly differ in their learning success across different learning settings such as phone apps or inclass due to its key role in acquiring our first language during childhood social interaction might also play an important and underappreciated role in l2 learning nevertheless understanding the role and underlying processes of social interaction in l2 learning has been hindered so far by an enormous technical hurdle natural social settings have to be translated into the controlled lab environment with this project we aim to use a novel approach combining social cognition neurolinguistics and ecological valid virtual reality vr to tackle this hurdle for the first time we will design vr environments in which we can control the type of social interaction and the social agent with whom the participant interacts this will allow us to determine all relevant factors of social interaction that benefit l2 learning success in a natural yet controlled setting furthermore we will overcome the challenge of combining the vr experience with simultaneous brain measures in the form of electroencephalography eeg as well as psychophysical pupilometry and eye movements and behavioral measures this will enable us to measure the effects of social interaction on different cognitive levels and with different temporal resolutions our team associates renowned experts in neurolinguistics l2 learning social cognition and vr to ensure this projects success furthermore we will collaborate with a tech company to translate our results to a marketable product targeted at immigrants who wish to acquire catalan and spanish in sum our project combines multiple disciplines and stateoftheart techniques such as vr and eeg to finally gain insight into what is likely one of the most important drivers of language learning social interaction
food systems transformation towards healthy and sustainable dietary behaviour

the eu food system is under considerable pressure for change due to its negative climate environmental and health impacts food system transition will require changing dietary habits of millions of europeans planeat aims at advancing the scientific basis on factors influencing dietary behaviour and the health environmental and socioeconomic impacts of dietary patterns and deliver solutions for transition through a transdisciplinary and multilevel approachplaneat will cocreate data and interventions in paneu network of 9 living labs and a policy lab these living labs will focus on a broad range of population groups varying according to age culture health and socioeconomic status planeat entails four steps that feed into each other 1 dietary patterns of 9 different target groups from 9 regions will be mapped together with their food environments 2 factors and drivers influencing dietary behaviour at macro food system meso food environment and micro individual levels will be deeply investigated 3 a true cost accounting database and methodology will be developed and applied for the first time on dietary patterns providing integrated insights into the diverse impacts of current and future diets including possible synergies and tradeoffs 4 a solution package will be codeveloped with food chain actors consumers and policymakers incl i a food system dashboard setting out contextspecific food policy recommendations ii interventions targeting farm to fork actors for farmers food industries retailers and food services to create suitable food environments iii advisory tools to empower consumers and iv improved dietary advice and communication strategies to target populations at largeplaneat will allow for realizing a transition of 58500 consumers to healthier and sustainable dietary patterns by 2032 reducing premature mortality by 20 and greenhouse gases emissions of local food supply chains by 23 in 39 areas
monolithic silicon quantum communication circuitry

the advent of quantum computing and its unprecedented computational power has called the sustainability of todays widely established encryption methods into question even though quantum physics addresses this emerging threat by offering quantum key distribution qkd at the same time the complexity inherent to qkd systems constitutes a roadblock for their practical introduction especially when addressing telecommunication segments that are subject to commoditylike applicationsmosqito is an erc proofofconcept study that aims to proof the applicability of a novel monolithic silicon integration approach that is touted as a trailblazer to greatly simplify quantum communication circuits while further providing a graceful migration path towards a seamless integration of microelectronics we will build on a recently demonstrated silicon optical power supply which enables light emission through a quasidirect silicon bandgap structure thus alleviating silicon photonic integrated circuits pic from the burden of complex heterointegration of iiiv materialsmosqito will conduct i the worlds first demonstration of a picbased qkd transmitter for bb84 polarizationencoded key exchange where every element has been realized exclusively on a silicon basis ii an evaluation of this greatly simplified qkd hardware for commodity applications such as 6g residential access the industrial internet or massivelyparallel data interconnects all of them being segments where traditional qkd implementations cannot enter the market due to cost and size concerns and iii strategic clustering activities with silicon platform partners to lay inroads for refining the silicon light emitter with respect to further performance scaling and manufacturing readiness level