Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
establishing exhaled breath aerosol xba sampling for diagnosis and screening of respiratory infections

respiratory infections resulted in 7 million deaths in 2020 and were responsible for 7 of the last 9 pandemics causing trillions of s in economic losses despite the importance of early detection for individual health and pandemic control flawed sampling methods for respiratory infections limit the impact of highlysensitive molecular diagnostics breathfordxs overall goal is to tackle this problem by establishing exhaled breath aerosol xba as a novel evidencebased sample for respiratory infections in three use cases diagnosis screening and antimicrobial resistance using tuberculosis tb as a model infection the project will leverage innovation in bioaerosol and material science as well as the multidisciplinary including academia industry and ngos consortiums track record of delivering transformative diagnostic innovation more specifically we will optimise an innovative easytouse scalable xba sampling device and compare it to a face mask sampling device coupled with rapid molecular detection in three clinical studies we will evaluate the xba sampling efficiency of these devices using the respiratory aerosol sampling chamber as a benchmark next we will assess performance of the devices for diagnosis of tb and drugresistance among symptomatic patients in a high burden eu country in parallel we will assess the feasibility of multiplexing xba samples for multiple respiratory pathogens ie tb influenza sarscov2 in a screening use case accuracy and feasibility data will be complemented by data on acceptability and usability as well as costeffectiveness and impact modelling to inform the implementation potential of the novel devices across different use cases we envision a world in which a single breath sample coupled with pointofcare molecular diagnostics enables accessible and accurate pathogen and resistance detection of highly transmissible respiratory infections thereby improving both individual and public health
sustainable onsite and innovative technologies for advanced transport biofuels from mcroalgae

tthe fuelgae project aims to develop a novel model of advanced liquid fuels alf production from different co2 emissions streams of two industrial sectors biorefinery and energy intensive industries through a microalgae pilot plant integrated into their infrastructure the performance of the selected microalgae strains will be improved by adapting them to each industrial case study the alf production will be addressed developing different technologies i selective production of microalgae to obtain polysaccharides or lipids ii alternative microalgal biomass treatments iii innovative catalytic upgrading systems from biocrude iv online microalgae sensor additionally to the previously innovative technologies fuelgae concept uses modelling techniques integrated into process analytical techniques to develop a global digital twin dtfurthermore the ceconomy of fuelgae approach will be significantly improved through hydrothermal liquefaction and biogas processes the biochar produced will be tested in agricultural uses creating synergies with energy and biocrude generation all technologies will be upscaled to trl5 in the two case study sites the microalgae pilot plant will be transported and validated in the two industrial sites in romania steel plant and spain 2gbioethanol fuelgae technologies will be further evaluated through life cycle assessment lcalcc to confirm their lower environmental impact use of resources or ghg emissions and a first approach of economical sustainability dt will be coupled with lcalcc to provide a global and dynamic assessment of the fuelgae conceptfuelgae will contribute to advancing the european scientific basis and global technological leadership in the area of renewable fuels increase their technology competitiveness and role in transforming the energy system on a fossilfree basis by 2050 in particular in the sectors like aviation and shipping while supporting the eu goals for energy independence
prehistoric colonial landscapes across the mediterranean

previous research on palaeolandscapes has overlooked a main driver of landscape change the mobility of human societies when groups move they take with them their technology and ideas but also plants or landuses which merge with native environments and practices to give birth to transported landscapes this can lead to significant and longlasting landscape changes ie deforestation introduction of exotic plants erosion that can be traced back through the use of combined palaeoenvironmental and archaeological techniques however the study of transported landscapes and their environmental impact has only rarely been addressed so far and it is especially needed in mediterranean coastal areas where migratory and colonial processes have had a particularly active role in the modelling of landscapes for millennia across will fill this existing gap in current research by analysing two areas at the two sides of the mediterranean basin abdera thrace and emporion catalonia they account for a long history of prehistoric peopling and have ancient colonial relationships with the foundation of the greek colonies of abdera and of emporion by same cultural group the ionian tribe an innovative approach combining multiproxy palaeoecological analyses pollen nonpollen palynomorphs plant macroremains hightemporal fire reconstructions and landscape archaeology datasets will be applied in both areas to reconstruct changes in vegetation landuses and landscapes following prehistoric migratory processes and colonial settling between the 6th millennia cal bc and the 4th century ad a particular focus will be put in reconstructing landscape changes following graecoroman colonial settling to assess 1 common and diverging trends in landuse and landscape shaping in culturally similar colonial landscapes over long distances and 2 the interaction integration and resilience of autochthonous and colonial practices and landscapes across the mediterranean
more specific insecticides harnessing knowledge of insect receptors

pest control is a central component of agriculture however insecticides and agriculture can have an impact on ecosystems regulations have been taken in europe to ban some insecticides based on the possible threat they pose to pollinators there is an urgent unmet need for speciesspecific insecticides that are safe for nontarget organisms in the proposed proofofconcept project we aim at demonstrating that peptides specifically designed against neurotransmitter receptors can be potent at pest species without affecting beneficial species during the previous ercstg project we developed tools to obtain pure mammalian neurotransmitter receptors we have adapted those tools for insect receptors which are the most important insecticide targets we here propose to use insect receptors for the selection of speciesspecific peptides the peptide libraries will be designed by computationalguided mutagenesis and screened by yeast display within the project we aim to secure a solid ip position on the technology platform we will build in order to maximise the likelihood of success for a commercial endeavour we will explore the market opportunity and regulatory pathway for subsequent product development in order to define a business model and implement early commercialisation steps
towards the prevention of rebound effects within complex sociotechnical systems

societys most wellintended efforts to solve sustainability challenges have not yet achieved the expected gains due to rebound effects which are unintended consequences of interventions that arise due to induced changes in system behaviour rebound effects are widely acknowledged but fundamental scientific gaps hamper their prevention reboundless aims to develop the reboundless design theory a paradigm shift in design science that will establish the scientific knowledge for preventing rebound effects by explaining systemic rebound effect mechanisms triggered by sustainable design strategies modelling and simulating the magnitude of rebound effects arising from design decisions enabling the design of resilient systems by means of reboundless design strategiesthe reboundless design theory will provide novel methodologies simulation models and strategies for the design of reboundless solutions ie products productservicesystems and sociotechnical systems that are resilient to rebound effectsbuilding on the strong foundation of systems theory reboundless is uniquely positioned to bridge the interdisciplinary gap in the interplay of sustainable design and rebound effects qualitative and quantitative models engineering and social sciences theory and practice the reboundless design theory will be the starting point of a prominent research field with extensive applicability within and beyond sustainable design eg sustainability assessment sustainability transitions policymakingnever before has there been a stronger global focus on solving the pressing sustainability challenges but the expected positive societal impact will not be achieved unless rebound effects are prevented building on my 15year trackrecord on sustainable design theory and practice reboundless will give me the opportunity to enable the urgently needed shift towards the design of sustainable and resilient systems
the everyday politics of famine

famines are becoming more frequent and deadly with 250000 people experiencing famine in 2022 and 35 million people being on the edge of famine for decades there has been a scholarly consensus that famine is the result of political failure or design and never solely the result of natural disasters however a political culture that makes famine politically unconscionable and that ends famine has not emerged to understand why famines persist we need to deepen our understanding of famine politics so far scholarship on the politics of famine has focus on national and international institutions and the instrumental use of famine by actors and institutions my research will produce a groundbreaking shift in the science of famine politics by focusing on the everyday politics of famine in communities where it occurs i am interested in how discourses and the regime of truth about famine disperse throughout the social body in foucaults words in particular i am interested in how new deadly famines come to be normalised preventing political rupture plus i am interested in how these discourses can shift blame for famine suffering away from governments warring parties and actors in global economies and instead place blame on natural causes and the families of those who suffer and die to achieve this i will conduct an ethnographicallyinformed comparative study across four sites in south sudan and in somalia initial ethnographic insights have made me structure the research around four crosscasestudy research strands histories and musical memories of past famine communitynarratives that enforce social networks burial and posthumous practices and media and social medias role in antifamine politics this ambitious project is feasible because of my previous experience and networks and because i have carefully built the capacity and track record of a team somali and south sudanese dominated research team
groundwater flow controls on critical zone thermal regime

the foundations of modern hydrogeology have been built within the paradigm of quasiequilibrium temperature distribution within groundwater systems the presumed thermal stability of groundwater is vitally important for many groundwater and stream ecosystems which cannot tolerate a wide temperature range and face growing threats from climate and landuse changes yet recent results evidenced the great impact of ongoing atmospheric warming on shallow groundwater temperatures groundwater flow is expected to strongly affect groundwater and stream warming trends a major issue is that existing modeling frameworks have largely sidestepped 1 the complexities associated with the multiscale heterogeneity in groundwater flow andor 2 the transient nature of groundwater fluxes and surface temperature furthermore direct field evidences of the impact of climate and anthropogenic forcings on the temperature distribution are still rare the concreter will therefore assess the role of groundwater dynamics in shaping the thermal regime of the critical zone the shallow subsurface where the water element energy and biological cycles interact the focus on the interaction of subsurface heterogeneity with heat transport processes will require the development of original numerical models wp1 and novel temperature imaging laboratory experiments wp2 wp3 will bring critical in situ data to constrain these newly developed models wp4 will further develop advanced numerical models to separate the effects of fluid flow and of surface warming with the help of the developed numerical approaches wp5 will study the evolution of temperature at field sites characterized in wp3 chosen to isolate the role of different forcings climatic anthropogenic on critical zone thermal regime concreter will provide new physical frameworks and modelling tools for multiscale heat transport processes in the critical zone with the potential to redefine their quantitative understanding
mechanisms of gasdriven mineral weathering in a changing climate

chemical reactions in the unsaturated zone in earths shallow subsurface where pores are filled with a mixture of fluid and gas support life on our planet and have a profound influence on the global carbon cycle and climate gasdriven mineral weathering reactions not only provide nutrients essential to life but serve to regulate atmospheric co2 concentrations and climate and are facilitated in the unsaturated zone where reactive gases like co2 and o2 are readily transported earths climate has experienced major fluctuations over its history and is currently changing rapidly due to human activities climate change impacts the size and water content of the unsaturated zone and therefore the rates of mineral weathering at present prediction of the impacts of changes in water saturation co2 concentration and temperature on mineral weathering rates is hindered by an incomplete understanding of the controls on mineral weathering in the unsaturated zone dryco2 will elucidate the physical and chemical controls on gasdriven mineral weathering in the unsaturated zone to evaluate climate evolution over earths history to optimize engineered co2 removal for climate change mitigation and to forecast the impact of future anthropogenic climate change on the mineral weathering reactions that store co2 and release nutrients dryco2 will comprise five work packages and combines experimental studies at multiple scales in the laboratory and field analysis of key field samples and multiscale reactive transport modelling this multiscale multitool approach will allow dryco2 to quantify the effects of co2 concentration and changes in water availability on mineral weathering reactions from the mineral surface to the global scale in a comprehensive fashion
machine learning for structural health monitoring of cultural heritage

europe is home to about 400 unesco world heritage sites and has a growing tourism industry employing many people directly and indirectly hence it is of concern to ensure the cultural heritage ch buildings are inspected properly and correct damage diagnosis is performed incorrect damage diagnosis will lead to loss of cultural value and may lead to the closing of the monument thus affecting society in general and the livelihood of people associated with it the proposed mlcult project is motivated by the need to perform damage diagnosis of ch using imagebased machine learning ml techniques thus helping to preserve them the popularity of ml approaches and deep learning algorithms has increased considerably over the last two decades computervisionbased damage detection employing convolutional neural networks will be integrated with laser scan data nondestructive testing and other condition assessment data to provide a better estimate of existing areas of damage the model will be trained from the database of earthquakedamaged ch collected by the host institutions uminho and polimi several typologies of damage indicators will be identified and quantified due to weathering moisture ingress algae growth and efflorescence the project will be supervised by prof lourenço at the university of minho portugal who is an international expert on ch and prof luigi barazzetti at politecnico di milano italy whose has expertise in computervision drone and imagebased damage detection finally a prototype inspection system first of its kind in ch field using dronesbased realtime damage detection will be demonstrated specifically for ch damage pathologies the proposed method can help in identifying structural anomalies in ch that must be urgently repaired and thus can be used in highquality civil infrastructure monitoring systems this method would also enable fast screening of ch buildings after a disaster such as an earthquake
social justice or cancel culture genderjust language and academic freedom in germany

the research project focuses on one specific field of the current culture wars in europe what is framed as social justice by one side and cancel culture or woke by the other the phenomenon will be studied in germany where these debates are particularly salient in politics and public discourse and through two issues that occupy a central role in the controversies 1 gender inclusive or as termed in germany genderjust language and 2 academic freedom the projects main goal is to provide an account of the progressive side in the culture wars and by that to significantly contribute to better understanding a key conflict within contemporary politics and develop a democratic theory thereof these debates have three specificities first they do not neatly map onto the culturally progressiveconservative cleavage not only the conservative but the culturally progressive side is divided too postmodern identity politics or intersectional left finding a suitable name is already part of the controversy marxist left universalist or classical liberals various feminist strands are in fierce debates about the related issues among themselves not with the right second the two debates are emblematic of ongoing culture warstruggles hence studying them affords a better understanding of major developments in the politics of recognition culture and language in the past decade third academics play a major role in shaping public discourse and policies not only through providing arguments for social movements and institutionalized politics but also by intervening in the debates themselves and with academia itself being a central site of conflict through publicly discussing language use and invitation policies academia is carrying out a discussion of public relevance about what is socially acceptable and desirable
reliability assessment of safety systems

the appropriate management of major industrial risks requires the employment of advanced safety systems that can ensure an acceptable protection level for the workers the surrounding population and the environment such an employment is practically an entire process that follows the lifecycle of those systems to ensure not only their ability to perform their intended functions but also to reduce the side effects of their integration into the system which can be serious on many levels including safety itself the main objectives of this project are1 develop an adequate framework to handle the uncertainty involved in the quantification of the main measures in the reliability assessment of safety systems with the proposition of a practical implementation tool that facilitates its application by the associated engineers2 specify the nature of the systematic failures and their relationships with random failures and extract the contribution of the human and organizational factors with an analysis of the possible differences between the different involved characteristics 3 propose and validate quantitative systematic safety integrity indicators that can be used in parallel and in consistency with those classical randomside measures to allocate the safety requirements and to assess the performance of the safety systems in a balanced manner 4 propose a coherent subphase in the overall safety lifecycle which concerns the quantitative analysis aspects using a combination of the results of those treated points in addition to some other currently accepted practices in reliability assessments of safety systems the main results and their places in the existing lifecycle models and safety management frameworks will be arranged as a subphase of the safety lifecycle in particular those associated with the quantitative treatment of uncertainty and systematic failures aiming to contribute in enhancing assessment of the reliability of safety systems
overcoming resistance to anticancer drugs by blocking mutationprone dna polymerases and the sos response

background a large fraction of cancer patients die because their tumors initially respond to drugs but later they evolve tolerance thus resistance to diverse drugs along with the soaring costs of new treatments are emerging as major societal issues of the 2020s herein we explore one of the most distressful examples tolerance of lung cancer to egfrspecific tyrosine kinase inhibitors tkis working hypothesis in similarity to bacteria exposed to antibiotics when cancer cells are exposed to tkis they enlist sos responses which activate endogenous mutators hence we will combine the relatively effective but mutagenic tkis with drugs that disarm the mutators this scheme will be applied on models of egfr lung cancer a disease that repeatedly evolves mutations and resistance but eventually leaves millions of patients with no treatment choices specific aims our initial studies identified one triad of the sos system a sensor of cell death gas6 a mediator axl gas6 receptor and a mutator lowfidelity dna polymerases remarkably blocking axl using an antibody irreversibly prevented relapses when combined with egfr inhibitors along with establishing this triad we will employ transcriptomics protetomics and metabolomics to resolve parallel mutators and sensors likewise we will explore alternative ways to block resistance for example by directly targeting dna polymerases myc and purine metabolism aiming at strategies that minimize sos enlisting we will explore the premise of boosting immune destruction of cancer cellssignificance according to the current status quo nextgeneration inhibitors are being applied when resistance emerges however this scheme does not cure only buys time resistsos offers an alternative that might eradicate resistance and cure disease models following treatments that are based on deep understanding and blocking the mutagenic sos response