Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
insitu mechanocatalysis for polymer activation and controlled conversion

less than 9 of plastic is recycled currently applied recycling technology yields degraded materials because undesired mechanochemical bond cleavage shortens the polymer upon repeated processing here i introduce a new type of catalyst to exploit this undesired effect to recover the polymer building blocks the monomers which enables the production of new highquality polymer i will focus on polyolefins pp pe that make up 50 of polymer production and for which the stateoftheart pyrolysis process has high energy costs and does not yield pure monomer that is because at the 600 c needed to break the strong carboncarbon cc bonds of pp and pe unwanted reactions occur adding a catalyst powder a known strategy to exert reaction control is inefficient for polymers because they cannot reach the active sites in the catalyst poresi will break the cc bonds with force instead of heat the force is provided by collision of balls in a ball mill a mature grinding technology that i repurpose as reactor to introduce my tunable direct mechanocatalyst i will chemically treat the surface of the balls to create catalytic eg acid sites that are in efficient contact with polymer through vigorous ball movement in our groundbreaking proofofconcept experiment we were surprised to see monomer form below 60 c from pp and a remarkable 4x increased activity over a traditional catalystto realize the full potential of this new catalytic concept i will establish the underlying fundamental framework by a understanding the mechanism of reactions following cc cleavage b developing a predictive model of cleavage rate as a function of temperature and force and c understanding the synergistic interplay of catalytic spheres and mechanochemical activation to achieve this i will develop a new methodology for insitu spectroscopy during ball milling in combination with radical trapping and apply the tunable direct mechanocatalysts to a variety of polymers
development and validation of a framework using multiple sources of realworld data to assess the benefitrisk balance of advanced therapies in inflammatory bowel disease

assessing the benefitrisk balance of treatment is crucial in medicine to select the most appropriate treatment for patients this process faces major challenges how to implement evidence in real time to guide treatment choice and how to summarize efficacy and safety outcomes to patients and clinicians while incorporating patient preferences inflammatory bowel diseases ibd affect 3 million residents in europe new advanced therapies have been recently approved but in the absence of headtohead randomized controlled trials rct data are lacking to position each drug in the therapeutic management multiple types of realworld data rwd sources are available to assess the effect of treatment but each type has its proper strengths and limitations linking multiple rwd sources can overcome limitations and leverage the strengths of each data source we recently emulated clinical trials supporting the use of rwd to assess treatment effectiveness and safety in ibdbased on the linkage of nationwide healthcare databases electronic health records and a prospective cohort of ibd patients the aims of the current proposal are i to validate algorithms identifying ibd characteristics and outcomes in nationwide healthcare databases ii to emulate headtohead clinical trials comparing advanced therapies in ibd iii to incorporate trials findings and patient preferences in a clinical decision support system for ibd patients and clinicians whose impact will be assessed by a pragmatic rct nested in nationwide healthcare databasesthis challenging project will involve multidisciplinary aspects from qualitative approach to artificial intelligence to clarify the position of each treatment in ibd and disseminate findings to patients and clinicians besides scientific importance it will have societal impact by setting the stage for a novel postmarketing drug surveillance framework applicable not only to future ibd treatments but also to other chronic diseases
revealing earliest animal domestication in the fertile crescent

animal domestication is a key topic in neolithic archaeological research since the early 1960s the earliest steps of this phenomenon are still today very difficult to achieve traditional zooarchaeological analyses used to date domestication rely on detecting the appearance of geneticallydriven morphological changes in animals these morphological markers however if they occur at all only appear after the process is well underway after hundreds if not thousands of years making it difficult to study them the read project will build an alternative approach to detect early evidences of sheep and goat management the project will investigate the historical lifetraits of the animals with a highresolution time analysis by performing biogeochemical analyses on fossil teeth scientific approaches employed are not all highly innovative but their combination together with the themes addressed will involve a highgain this will allow reconstructing the three clue mechanisms that were pivotal in the lead up to domestication the control of the animals reproductive cycles the induced changes to their feeding habits and the interruption of migratoryseasonal movements the project will evaluate and compare data from what are known to be the three key regions for this research area the southern levant the northern levant and the eastern fertile crescent read will analyses a set of the most important and significant available faunal assemblages for these regions and will put together a reference dataset from wild relatives available in museum collections and current living populations found in breeding centres at the end of the project i will unravel the current unresolved paradigms on the origin of animal domesticates not relying on how the animals changed but rather what the human societies did to change the animals revealing how early caprine management was done and where and when processes of animal domestication were initiated
biogeography and behavioral adaptations of late quaternary hunter gatherers in the sahara

project breathe aims to contribute a new understanding of cultural and behavioral traits of north african early humans through the archaeological record of southern and northern libya this is a crucial region for understanding the transsaharan connections that contributed to the global dispersal of our species however the current scant archaeological and chronometric data for the saharan and perisaharan regions limits our knowledge of biogeographic dynamics that linked different regions of north africa at key moments of human biological and cultural evolution especially around the emergence of h sapiens ca 300 ka the project research areas the jebel gharbi to the north and the acacus and messak to the south represent the extremes of an ideal northsouth transect with different environments and archaeological records an important axis between subsaharan africa and the mediterranean these arid regions have deeply eroded landscapes where pleistocene geoarchaeological archives are rare except for few buried contexts the evidence is mostly comprised of lithic artefacts found on openair surfaces nevertheless these surface lithics can provide a wealth of information when an array of cuttingedge analytical techniques geospatial statistics geometric morphometrics and wear analyses are combined in the way proposed by breathe these artefacts span the final phases of the early stone age the early emergence of the middle stone age and its later manifestations particularly the aterian the spatial amplitude of the research areas enables largescale landscape analyses to be carried out identifying land use and occupation patterns not detectable at a siteoriented research scale this provides a unique window into past human behaviour and biogeographic dynamics in a central arid area that may have played a key role in the adaptive strategies that enabled our species to colonise new and challenging environments across africa and beyond
design and development of energyefficient nextgeneration communication networks

the communication networks of the future are expected to manage an explosive demand for connectivity and be sufficiently robustto deliver on all the promised benefits of 5g and 6g a significant challenge to achieving such ambitions is the energy crunch theuse of increased power will inevitably create problems for enhancing bandwidth however the ict sector itself has the potential notonly to solve the energy crunch in networks but also to deliver significant savings on energy costsmy fellowship addresses this energy crunch and energy efficiency in future networks this project will develop a comprehensivedesign of an energyefficient communication network that can manage the colossal demands for data it will combine topdown andbottomup energy analyses to obtain a comprehensive view of energy use and trends it shall survey equipment over time andrenormalize them based on the latest developments in the field of semiconductor electronics my work will facilitate building newmodels for emerging technologies such as 5g6g core and federated artificial intelligence by establishing an accurate picture ofenergy trends it will establish key benchmarks and challenges for products and emerging technologies related to their energy useand sustainability it will present strategies for sustainable deployment and operation of technologies and ways to maximize theirimpact on sustainability across society its outcomes will lead to the enhancement of energy efficiency of communication networksand support european commissions digital strategies eg to sustain a green secure and resilient it infrastructure
politics of humanitarian care aid displacement and social reproduction in croatia

the idea behind the rehum project is that institutionalized practices of care are being replaced by emergency humanitarian aid forming an ambivalent concept of humanitarian care by using a participative ethnographic approach in two humanitarian settings postearthquake displacement and irregularized migration the project will explore how and if the expansion of humanitarian initiatives in different emergencies points to the same problem of the erosion of institutionalized care while shedding light on ambivalent transformations of grassroots organizations and its employeesvolunteers in their attempts to replace such systems while previous research pointed out different aspects of social inequalities enhanced in and by humanitarian programs the emphasis on the entanglements between humanitarianism and care in the context of migrationdisplacement in croatia especially regarding the phenomenon that political theorist nancy fraser termed crisis of care has not been quite touched upon in order to expand the critique of humanitarian care in croatia but also in a wider sense of the european semiperipheries rehum will theoretically and empirically explore the intersection between social reproduction humanitarianism and displacement starting from the assumption that care understood as an essential part of life and a practice inevitable for human development is structurally devalued and externalized to the area of household and informal aid initiatives rehum will aim to identify the ways in which humanitarianism in croatia underpins that process while situating scarce state responses and their replacement with temporary humanitarian solutions in a broader political framework
the epistemology of dark matter and modified gravity

andromeda is an unprecedented study regarding the philosophy and epistemology of dark matter and modified gravity the project will synthesize existing knowledge from cosmology and philosophy of science in order to realize an innovative and original study of the epistemological foundations of the debate between theories of dark matter and theories of modified gravity as competing explanations of specific cosmological observations the main objectives of andromeda are a to develop a philosophically informed historical narrative of the parallel development of dark matter theory and modified gravity as an alternative b to identify the most appropriate epistemic values by which dark matter and modified gravity theories should be assessed and compared to each other and c to examine the extent to which certain models of dark matter and modified gravity theory should be evaluated as mutually exclusive and competing explanations of certain phenomena the clear elucidation of these issues will create new avenues for a constructive dialogue between the dark matter and modified gravity communities in physics and will advance the public understanding of theory choice in astrophysics demonstrating how philosophy can i make useful and substantial contributions to an important ongoing scientific problem and ii facilitate the communication of scientific challenges to the public
6g non terrestrial networks

the 6gntn project aims at researching and developing innovative technical business regulatory and standardization enablers to achieve full and seamless integration of the nonterrestrial network ntn component into the 6g system and establish the european leadership in this domain the vision is to extend coverage resilience and sustainability of next generation mobile networks meeting needs and expectations of both vertical and consumer market segments while unleashing new value chains and creating broad societal impact the proposed concept of fullfledged integration of the ntn component into 6g leverages multiple key project outcomes that will pave the way for a service rollout in the 203035 time frame a sustainable and resilient 3d multilayered gso ngso haps drones network architecture a software defined payload adapted to all flying platforms and all frequency bands a very low earth orbiting space segment a flexible waveform supporting terrestrial and nonterrestrial deployments the support of smart phones and vehicledrone mounted terminals the use of new spectrum ie c and qv bands in coexistence with the terrestrial network component high accuracy and reliable positioning solutionsthe newly designed ntn component will deliver ie urllc latency 10 ms and advanced embb data rate up to several hundred of mbps services to vehicle drone mounted ultrasmall size devices and battery activated nomadic terminals ii improved embb services to smartphones iii short emergency messaging services to smartphones in light indoorinvehicle environments and iv high accuracy 10 cm and reliable location service to both devices categoriesby pulling together leading players across all involved industrial research and innovation areas the 6gntn ambition is to become the flagship ri project to define the 6g ntn component and to drive its standardization in 3gpp
kiel training for excellence

kiel university is a midsized and researchintensive university offering the full spectrum of academic disciplines which at the same time has pursued a path of internal differentiation the concentration and interconnection of disciplinary knowledge spaces has given rise to four interdisciplinary priority research areas pras nano surface and interface science life science marine science and societal environmental and cultural change their transfaculty research cultures integrate knowledge from different fields and actors to study complex challenges and contribute to their solution kiel university is convinced that knowledge at interfaces will shape future generations of researchers the kite fellowship programme offers an excellent training programme with the highest standards of research integrity in the truly interdisciplinary environments of the pras to 16 experienced internationally mobile researchers post their doctorate fellows will be recruited in open topic calls applying meritbased criteria genderfair and transparent selection procedures chosen according to the interdisciplinary potential of their project and their individual excellence they will find competitive working conditions and excellent infrastructure in kiel the fellows will be awarded a threeyear fulltime employment contract with a training programme that will broaden their skills through handson research experience and integration within the universitys international and intersectoral networks they will each complete two secondments of three months at partner institutions from the pras networks to gather new work experience inside and outside academia accompanied by an advanced training programme to broaden their transferable skills they will be given outstanding opportunities to develop their careers further kite will set new standards for and thus transform postdoc training at kiel university and as a bestpractice example enrich the european research area
prison oversight improving prisons in europe

with 15 million people in prison across europe and a need to ensure human rights standards are upheld in places of detention international oversight of prisons plays a fundamental role in upholding european values and ensuring decent and fair treatment oversight of prisons by international human rights bodies such as the european committee for the prevention of torture cpt is now a growing and global phenomenon the prila project from which this proposal derives discovered that while oversight of prisons has value it is undermined by inconsistent government engagement and by low awareness of human rights and oversight functions amongst prisoners prison oversight improving rights in europe poire addresses these challenges it is the first initiative to develop test and evaluate a set of programmes that support and train governments in how they report to the cpt a long standing and wellrespected prison oversight body and raise awareness of human rights and oversight in prisoner populations poire will assess need develop design and deliver its programmes and evaluate them for effectiveness in two case study countries subject to a visit from the cpt its findings will also feed into a public policy arm which will make submissions for reform to the legal frameworks for prison oversight in europe and globally contributing to sustainable and embedded change a key element of poire is to lay the foundations for a postpoire spinoff notforprofit enterprise to deliver its programmes to states prison systems oversight bodies and ngos globally poire seeks to strengthen international oversight in prison and states and prisoners capacity to engage with human rights monitoring in so doing poire aims to improve human rights compliance in prisons and support prisoner engagement with rights thereby upholding the european value of fundamental rights protection in places where they are vulnerable
novel opaque scintillator technology for nuclear industry imaging based on antimatter detection

we propose to deliver a novel technology for the nuclear industry to open the possibility of direct monitoring of nuclear reactions inside nuclear power plant cores the new technology centres on a radicallynew and totally counterintuitive approach to radiation detection that has arisen from neutrino physics research as of today direct and rapid insitu measurement of nuclear reactor fission activity is not possible our technology is expected to make this possible by using the copious neutrinos that stream out of nuclear reactors achieving this leap relies on the paradigm shifting nature of our approach detection of radiation makes extensive use of light emitting materials known as scintillators these are nearly always transparent to allow the light to be seen and measured our radicallynew approach is to use an opaque scintillator coupled with a lattice of optical fibres to extract the light this technique naturally provides highresolution imaging of antimatter annihilation plus many other types of radiation eg betas gammas neutrons improving the signal to noise ratio of antineutrino detection by a factor 10x consequently our technology would be able to tolerate the high background environment close to a reactor the civil nuclear industry will benefit in a range of ways from safety and societal reassurance to operational efficiencies with a direct economic return our technology will also be able to provide remote monitoring and information on any nuclear processes that emit neutrinos opening many potential new markets examples include spent nuclear fuel containers fuel pools and waste disposal sites as well as nuclear warheads and fusion reactors such as iter our interdisciplinary consortium pulls together experts from mechanical and electronics engineering nuclear and particle physics chemistry and computing with our major industrial partner in the civil nuclear energy industry to make this radical new technology a reality
programmable nanomatter

pronano will develop both theoretical and experimental methods to design autonomous nanoscale units that are able to carry out logic operations in order to selfassemble into distinct structures determined by an external stimuli the nanounits will be programmed to assemble via a controlled selfassembly kinetic pathway ultimately enabling programmable nanomatter we will develop new algorithmic framework that will find the optimal set of interactions and logic gate controls required for the coordinated function of nanoparticles we will use multiscale coarsegrained modeling to design and simulate interactions of nanostructures with the capabilities to carry out computation and communication with other nanoparticles in order to act as a programmable swarm we will realize these nanostructures experimentally using dna nanotechnology creating a system that can dynamically react to an externally introduced stimulus that induces them to selfassemble into target finitesized structures this work will create new methods for nanotechnology that combine optimization theory molecular simulations and experiments to study the kinetics and thermodynamics of hierarchical multicomponent assembly as part of this effort we will develop universal design rules to obtain a set of dna nanostructures that can carry out computation and communication in order to achieve specific nanostructures as instructed by a biomolecule dna rna or protein that will act as external stimulus thus we will create a system which is both computationally tractable and can be realized and iterated experimentally opening new venues for nanorobotics and selforganized systems it will enable nanoscale construction of complex threedimensional structures as a response to external conditions with applications in molecular manufacturing therapeutics diagnostics and smart material construction
abortion law and nature

the alan project brings together philosophy gender studies and life sciences to question the impact of representations of nature on womens health and rights starting from the specific case of abortion the objective is to renew the philosophical approach to abortion to enlighten the european public debate thanks to an interdisciplinary and intersectoral research 1 starting from a philosophical clarification of the notion of nature it will question the representations of nature that underlie the debates on abortion in order to open up the possibility of a dialogue between gender studies and biomedical sciences 2 the project will rely on this renewed approach to abortion to compare the sources available at the level of the eu and the council of europe incl echr to define abortion rights and examine the representations of the body that emerge from these sources 3 confronting law with obstacles women actually encounter when they seek abortion the project will set up an ethnographic study at family planning centres fcppf belgium to measure the impact of legislation on womens lives and health and to test the hypothesis that the legislator has a role to play in advancing gender equality 4 this research will lead to a sixmonth nonacademic placement as a consultant and a network facilitator at fcppf that will lead to the publication of a european guideline the research strategy adopted is innovative interdisciplinary renewing key philosophical concepts by integrating data from other disciplines esp biomedical sciences