Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
mechanism of vertebrate spermegg recognition and fusion

the life of every sexually reproducing being can be traced back to a singular event the fusion of sperm and egg gamete fusion is perhaps the most critical step in the process of fertilization however the mechanisms underlying vertebrate spermegg fusion and the events that precede it spermegg recognition are largely unknown uncovering the molecular machinery and biophysical mechanisms mediating spermegg recognition and membrane fusion in vertebrates is therefore one of the biggest challenges in fertilization research in this project we aim to uncover the mechanistic principles of vertebrate fertilization by exploiting the unique advantages of zebrafish as a vertebrate model in combination with in vitro reconstitution assays we will focus on two main questions1what is the molecular mechanism of spermegg recognition2what are the molecular and biophysical principles underlying spermegg fusionto identify new essential components of the spermegg recognition and fusion machineries we will develop candidate and unbiased screening approaches we will combine functional studies in vivo using phenotypic genetic biochemical and advanced highresolution imaging approaches with mechanistic studies in vitro using structural and reconstitution assays to rigorously determine requirement and sufficiency causal relationships spatiotemporal dynamics and mechanisms our recently discovered fertility factors bouncer spermegg recognition and dcst12 spermegg fusion provide precise entry points for screens and for functional and mechanistic studiesoverall our goal is to mechanistically understand how sperm and egg recognize and bind to each other and how their membranes subsequently fuse the insights gained will form the basis for our ultimate vision to reconstitute a functional fertilization interface in vitro and by these means understand one of the most fundamental processes of life
green operations with geometric altitude advanced separation and route charging solutions

since the early days of aviation barometric pressure measurements have been a simple and robust method for altimetry two drawbacks exist though there is no direct reference to terrain and the constant variations in pressure caused by the weather lead to increased vertical profile variability restricting capacity and flight efficiency in todays high traffic density one goal of greengear thus is to investigate the environmental potential of geometric altimetry enabled by satellite navigation increasing safety and eliminating waste of airspace by removal of the transition layer and supporting more environmentally friendly climb and descent operationswith the safety case for the change of separation definition already open not only integration of manned aviation with drones that are already using geometric altimetry in current operations can be addressed but greengear will also look at the potential for increasing capacity through reduced vertical separations enabled by geometric altimetrylast but not least the project will investigate the potential of environmentally driven route charging with new mechanisms for charging airspace users to incentivise minimum climate impact route charging will reward those who avoid volumes of airspace with a high climate impact and disincentivise flight planning through high demand sectors flight altitudes except where it optimises environmental benefit overall while being cost neutral to airspace users and passengers on average added capacity in the greener volumes of airspace enabled by reduced vertical separations limits necessary flight plan modifications furthering acceptance of the approachthe combination of these three topics in greengear not only raises substantial synergies and ensures a harmonised approach it also allows to identify and solve possible interoperability issues quickly and to mature the interdependent solutions in sync reducing time to market for any and all of them
engineering hybrid metal nitridescarbonatom wire novel materials for highperformance electrochemical energy storage

an escalated demand and subsequent high consumption of energy in the coming decades directed toward the development of a suitable energy storage device supercapacitor also known as electrochemical capacitor technology steps forward as a promising solution to unlock the capacity of renewable energy exploration however the major drawback of supercapacitors is the limited energy density which necessitates further research and development the performances and potential of supercapacitor technology strongly lies in the construction of novel electrode materials and its physicochemical properties hence the focus of current project titled enhancer is committed towards engineering a hybrid nanostructures for aqueous asymmetric electrochemical capacitor addressing a key question in todays energy technology how quickly can we leapfrog in the supercapacitor technology so as to replace the current battery technology enhancer aims to i develop an adaptable strategy for designing a metal nitridescarbonatomic wires in a single run by a singledeposition unit ii establish structurepropertyperformance relationship and ii fabricate aqueousbased solidstate asymmetric supercapacitor device with energy density and power density higher than the existing technology the novel strategy makes enhancer multidisciplinary involving a strong combination of materials science plasma physics electrochemistry and energy technology this proposal includes twoway transfer of knowledge between candidate and host results have the potential to increase the competitiveness of energy storage technologies and provide huge scope for the fundamental insights on the nanomaterials based research the outcome of the research during the fellowship will pave the way to open new perspectives of newly designed electrode materials for catalysis optoelectronic and other energy applications the project is in line with the sustainable development goal of european union
europes rail flagship project 4 sustainable and green rail systems

this proposal is fully addressing the horizonerju2022fa401 call for projectits scope of work is covering the sustainable and green rail systems including rolling stocks infrastructures stations and all of their related subsystemsthe objectives are to significantly progress on several families of key performance indicators on different fields technical environmental economical standardisationthe decarbonisation of diesel trains noise and vibration reduction energy savings circular economy resource consumption resilience to climate change and pandemic attack attractiveness of passenger trains are at the heart of the proposed projectthe consortium carrying out the project is made of recognized worldclass knowhow partners operators train and subsytems manufacturers research and technology laboratories it will perfectly identify the precise needs of operators including implicitly the european public policies of sustainable transports including climate neutral europe for 2050 it will provide the needed scientific and technical solutions via the development and demonstrations up to trl7 of new solutions increasing drastically the environmental performances of the railway holistic system these new solutions will be proposed while verifying that they have viable economic models ensuring a rapid commercialization for the benefit of european citizensdriven with a constant will for performance the project will regularly quantify its kpis progress and will communicate regularly with other erju projects as well as other european research entities such as clean hydrogen ju or batt4eu so that all suitable synergies can be implementedwith the quality of its partners its organization and its processes implemented for maximum efficiency there is no doubt that this project will achieve all the project objectives set by the horizonerju2022fa401 call
mapping internet routes for geopolitics

the internet has been able to grow and develop very quickly in most countries because of its highly decentralized nature its resilience is based on a multiplicity of different paths that allow data to always bypass a blockage or a partial destruction of the network through alternative routes this model is today called into question by a combination of dynamics first we observe a dynamic of fragmentation along national borders at the initiative of some states who in the name of national security seek to restore control over the borders of what they see as their national cyberspace second at a higher level of abstraction we observe another dynamic this time guided by market forces the concentration of data traffic around a few major players in data routing and a few large platforms largely invisible this concentration also leads to a form of fragmentation along commercial lines these evolutions raise important issues in terms of cyber stability resilience free flow of data and human rights that are largely overlooked short of scientific knowledge about the geopolitics of internet data routes dataroutes aims to carry out a cartography of internet data routes in order to understand how the routing strategies of state and nonstate actors shape cyberspace and to analyze as a domain of application the important security and policy issues it raises for the european union the goals of this project are to measure and map internet routes using open source data thanks to dataroutes border gateway protocol observatory investigate through field work the strategic goals of state and nonstate actors uncovered by the cartography and analyze the broader policy issues they raise for the european union in the context of the implementation of the 2020 cybersecurity strategy for a digital decade datroutes will provide a platform for open access to its data and methodologies in order to encourage a new stream of research on the geopolitics of data routing
exploring the expanding universe of rnabinding proteins in bacteria

all organisms use diverse modes of cellular control as they cope with changing environments central to these processes are rnabinding proteins rbps that impact the stability translation or localization of bound rnas while rbps typically have distinct rnabinding domains a growing number of proteins that lack these domains are found to interact with rna as well in prokaryotes such unconventional rbps remain largely unexplored in part because methods for global rna interactome capture ric in bacteria are missing my group recently made a breakthrough in developing a novel ric approach for bacteria that relies on primary transcript capture cocap our pilot study successfully captured known rbps but also uncovered numerous new rbp candidates including metabolic or cell division proteins we also identified a pair of widespread khdomain proteins khpab with links to the rna degradosome and cell division this points towards a wealth of unexplored rbps involved in cellular control in bacteria my erc cog proposal aims to explore the identity and functional diversity of novel rbps in bacteria my overarching hypothesis is that a vast unexplored universe of unconventional rbps exists in bacteria that play crucial roles in cellular physiology i will tackle this through three objectives leveraging two model bacteria salmonella and campylobacter with different sets of canonical rbps i propose to1 elucidate bacterial primary rbpomes during stress and infectionrelevant conditions2 identify mechanisms and cellular functions of two widely conserved khdomain rbps3 determine how cell division rbps influence and are influenced by bound rnasour proposed work will provide a broadly applicable method for primary rbpome capture and vastly expand the set of bacterial rbps their characterization in turn will reveal new layers of cellular control and establish new targets for industrial strain engineering and antimicrobial treatments
targeting the interrelation between microglia neurons and astrocytes to counteract taumediated synaptic impairments and neurodegeneration in ad

the overall aim of synaptau is to evaluate the contribution of microglia on taumediated synaptic loss in alzheimers disease ad based on synaptosomal changes which may help to develop therapeutic strategies against ad determining the impact of tau accumulation on synaptic loss is critical since it correlates with cognitive decline in ad beyond tau and amyloid pathologies gliosis is also an ad hallmark and is thought to play a pivotal role on synaptic loss despite the link between tau synapses and inflammation in ad we do not yet understand the specific interactions between synaptic proteins glia and pathological tau that lead to synaptic loss my objective is to provide a better understanding of the role of microglia in taumediated synaptic loss based on recent observations i made i recently explored synaptosomes containing glial processes near synapses from microglia depleted p301s mice a mouse model of tauopathy to identify changes resulting from microglia depletion that account for synaptic protection against tau pathology i reported an upregulation of uchl1 an enzyme required for normal synaptic function moreover most of the upregulated proteins in the synaptosomes of microglia depletedp301s mice are expressed by astrocytes i propose to study potential protective mechanisms against taumediated synaptotoxicity set in motion by microglial depletion that target neurons and neuronastrocyte interactions in objective 1 i hypothesize that enhancing uchl1 expression in neurons will protect against taumediated synaptic damages in objective 2 i hypothesize that neuronglia interactions are modified after microglia depletion with changes in the formation and function of perisynaptic astrocytic processes that may support beneficial pathological outcomes synaptau is a highly significant project as it aims to discover new therapeutic targets to maintain synaptic integrity and function to slow down ad neurodegeneration and cognitive decline
the present dead investigating interactions with the dead in early medieval central and eastern europe from 5th to 8th centuries ce

the project aims to investigate the practical mental and emotional dimensions of human interactions with the materials of the dead graves human remains and artefacts in early medieval central and eastern europe 5th to 8th centuries ce based on archaeological and textual evidence diverse contexts of contact will be investigated through an innovative approach combining cuttingedge scientific methods technical solutions and new theoretical approaches the projects working hypothesis is that perspectives on interaction with the materials of the dead will vary with the ritual stages of funeralsearly medieval cemeteries comprise of up to hundreds of graves where corpses were generally inhumed in individual graves frequently together with lavish objects many graves were interfered with soon after burial while disturbed graves have elsewhere been seen as an inferior source of evidence this project argues that these interventions are important sources for early medieval practices relating to the dead investigating cemeteries and outofcemetery contexts in four central and eastern european regions it pursues the following objectives 1 investigating the range of practices and contexts in the archaeological records 2 analysing textual perspectives in diverse genres 3 synthesising material and textual perspectives via an innovative technical solution for semantic integration of data the methodological objectives for achieving the archaeological goals are 1 consolidation of methods and development of research protocols 2 development of strategies to mitigate deficiencies of archaeological data the development of digital tools moving from high to low resolution evidence will be novel and key to the approachthe project will significantly contribute to our understanding of the relationship between the living and the dead in early medieval europe
stochastic dynamics of single cells growth emergence and resistance

this project aims to introduce new stochastic and deterministic models for biological and medical applications to analyse them mathematically to derive qualitative properties of solutions to quantify the emergence of asymptotic regimes and to determine the limiting equations motivated by recent biological experiments involving single cell observations we emphasize the effects of very small populations in various biologicalmedical contexts related to evolution such as emergence of leukemia and of antibiotics resistance our main mathematical challenge is to quantify such effects in particular on macroscopic approximations it is our hope that this will possibly shed some light on new therapeutic strategies in order to track individuals and to take into account small populations we are naturally led to stochastic multiscale models while the limiting macroscopic equations should involve nonlocal nonlinear partial differential equations pde with constraints and singularities we shall investigate in particular the impact of various time scales on macroscopic approximations of a new class of birth and death processes leading to a new class of hamiltonjacobi hj equations with constraints and singularities preliminary numerical simulations indicate that these models should exhibit many surprising asymptotic behaviours such as cyclic behaviours that we shall attempt to derive rigorously we also plan to study the lineages of sampled individuals at a given observation time by determining mathematically their time reversal paths this issue is of particular relevance when taking into account the effect of time dependent environments in which case the survival of individuals may only be explained by a very small number of initial individuals one long term objective consists in imagining evolutionary scenarii of resistances and better strategies for antibiotics or chemotherapy it will be closely developed with biologists and medical biologists
degrowth through energy law using the legal framework for electricity batteries in europe to achieve a degrowthfocused energy law

research shows that six of the nine identified planetary boundaries have already been crossed for earth to once again become a safe operating space for humanity it is urgent to turn to a degrowth economy degrowth means a democratically planned reduction of energy and resource use designed to bring the economy back into balance with the living world in a way that reduces inequality and improves human wellbeing although the idea of degrowth dates back to the 1970s its development in scholarly work significantly gained traction during the 2010s especially insofar as it was embedded in ecological economics discourse yet degrowth as a research topic for legal scholars is barely nascentdelaw aims to find ways to integrate the principles of degrowth into the law in order to reorientate our society at the required scale and pace to do so delaw proposes an ambitious comparative interdisciplinary analysis of eu and member states energy laws with a focus on the legal regime for energy storage and especially batteries indeed batteries are at the crossroads between two of the most pressing environmental threats they are needed to allow higher levels of renewable energy sources and fight climate change but they rely on critical raw materials such as nickel cobalt or lithium the mining of which accelerates biodiversity loss and wreaks havoc on local communitiesthrough a solid mix of legal methods delaw will generate two groundbreaking results for legal research and for society as a whole firstly the team will create a new methodological framework for the inclusion of degrowth principles into the law tested with the regulation of batteries in the eu but applicable to other legal fields and jurisdictions secondly delaw will propose a set of recommendations for when lawmakers both at eu and national levels will look at adopting degrowthfocused legal amendments a moment that draws closer as time passes and the environmental situation worsens
strengthening resilience and mental wellbeing through the support4resilience toolbox for leaders in elderly care

european elderly care experiences labor shortages lack of qualified workers and a mismatch between capacity and demands causing stress burnout and reduced mental wellbeing among healthcare workers and informal caregivers leaders are crucial in promoting supportive working conditions but lack researchbased measures to act upon these challengessupport4resilience s4r will develop implement and evaluate a researchbased toolbox to support healthcare leaders in improving healthcare workers and informal caregivers resilience and mental wellbeing in elderly care s4r will identify resilience and mental wellbeing factors among healthcare workers and informal caregivers explore their perspectives and needs develop new theory on the relationship between individual and organizational resilience and mental wellbeing and develop recommendations and costeffective interventions the toolbox with tailormade resources for policy and practical use will be available through an open access s4r resource bankthe s4r toolbox includes three main tools 1 mapping and identification 2 reflection and education and 3 reorganization measures are initiated at the organizational level and effects on mental wellbeing and resilience transpire at the frontline of elderly care the toolbox covers different situational contexts types of healthcare providers and health system levels elderly care settings in six european countries will implement and evaluate the toolbox through a process evaluation effectiveness evaluation and costeffectiveness evaluation s4r provides policymakers decisionsmakers and leaders with solutions for taking action to solve specific risks for healthcare workers and informal caregivers resilience and mental wellbeing thus pertinent to the work programme s4r will support the development of resilient health systems in european elderly care through improved leadership capabilities governance structures and adaptive capacities
post bornoppenheimer approximation for semiclassical spectroscopy investigation of protoncoupled electron transfer processes

the bornoppenheimer approximation boa has determined how chemists describe molecules since 1927 boa separates electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom considering that the electron timescale is much shorter than the nuclear one this assumption does not hold in proton coupled electron transfer pcet processes pcet is the key to efficiency in biological photosynthesis timeresolved infrared spectroscopy trir assists pcet investigations but it is usually interpreted with harmonic frequency calculations or classical nuclear dynamics simulations on a bo potential energy surface to gain further physical insights into pcet it is necessary to revise the theoretical framework for spectroscopy going beyond the boa and including a quantum treatment for all nuclei to reach this goal this project unifies two cuttingedge methods one is the nuclear electronic orbital neo approach that goes beyond the boa by including into the electronic structure calculations the pcet transferred proton the other is the semiclassical initial value representation technique that simulates ir spectra by accounting for quantum effects such as the zeropoint energy overtones or tunneling for all nuclei even in large molecular systems the project will introduce a new postboa conceptual picture for vibrational spectroscopy specifically semiclassical nuclear density calculations will be used to tailor new basis sets to efficiently simulate large molecular systems gradually including many protons and other nuclei in the neo wavefunction in this way a new spectroscopy theory will be developed for the simulation of trir spectra at semiclassical accuracy on neo postboa pess these advances will be implemented in an opensource code that we employ to study prototypical pcet systems and gain accurate mechanistic information this new knowledge will foster applied research by exploiting a deeper understanding of the pcet processes