Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
localtoglobal expansion and pcps

this proposal aims to delve further into the study of probabilistically checkable proofs pcps a cornerstone of modern theoretical computer science that exhibits some of the most powerful local to global behavior any np proof can be written in a format that is locally testable meaning that local pieces of the proof imply very rich global structure this theory is strongly tied to hardness of approximation and has significant applications in cryptography a major goal is to develop simpler and more efficient pcp constructions with better parameters as well as to deepen our understanding of robust encodings with local to global features such as pcps the main methodology of this exploration will be through harnessing the power of the beautiful emerging theory of highdimensional expansion hdx generalizing the concept of expander graphs to higher dimensions hdx emerge as an exciting crossdisciplinary theory with roots in group theory number theory algebraic topology combinatorics and theoretical computer science the hdx theory is characterized by a localtoglobal principle which allows inferences about the global structure based on local link properties this principle bears significant potential for areas like property testing and it has already shown its power with the construction of c3 locally testable codes as these are very closely connected to pcps we seek to harness hdx towards advancing our understanding of more general localtoglobal encodings and potentially paving the way for novel pcp constructionsthe research directions outlined in this proposal cover a wide array of goals including the exploration of the hdx theory the construction of new pcps inapproximability and the creation of novel errorcorrecting codes these directions seek to bridge various areas of mathematics and computer science promising to contribute significantly to the field and open up new horizons for further research and applications
panda portable multianalyzer for the detection of metals in water

klearia enables real time control for efficient treatment management and good quality water we develop and produce advanced electrochemical multielement water analysers based on our patented microfluidics chips labinglass there is a high demand for testing technologies capable of detecting identifying and quantifying heavy metal elements in water with precision and promptness for immediate response after the successful commercialization of an arsenic analyser klearia has developed panda the first plugandplay portable analyser of metal micropollutants at ultralow concentrations panda allows detection and quantification with very small samples with the same reliability than in a lab in 30 minutes to 2 hours thereby making immediate response possible sample pretreatment equipment calibration and detection electrodes cleaning are automated and the analyses can be performed anywhere without specific training we expect cumulative revenues of 47 m until 2029
a new technology to probe molecular interaction in cells at high throughput

protein oligomers and aggregates are pillars of many cellular processes and can be associated with a number of lifethreatening neurodegenerative diseases these processes are often contextdependent but are hard to detect in situ with available technologies the ideal instrument can target specific proteins of medical interest in their physiological contexts resolve nanodistances 1100 nm and capture dynamics of association and dissociation nsmsthe diffusomics project aims to fill this methodological gap by prototyping a highthroughput fluorescencebased approach able to measure the rotational diffusion properties of molecules in vivo and in situ the concept is based on our recent publication where we utilize intelligent fluorescent probes together with polarized light to investigate the rotational dynamics of large molecular complexes rotational diffusion is highly sensitive to change in mass making the technique ideal to detect the presence of aggregates and report on molecular size and local viscosity due to the nature of the signal the measurements can be done in cells and tissues at high throughput making the technology appealing for industrial screening applications the goal of the project is to establish both the technological foundation and the collaborations needed to develop a prototype instrument and to record the very first highthroughput molecular interaction maps in neurons diffusomics possesses all the essential qualities to become a gamechanging technology for drug screening due to its sensitivity specificity and speed making it suitable for automated recordings diffusomics maps will carry information on the whole population of aggregates localized in different neuronal compartments and can track changes in aggregation responses to drug perturbations and mutagenesis in neuronal proteins the outcome will be key to engage industrial strategic partners and it paves the way for a new paradigm of drug screening in situ
traces de la verit the reappropriation of ancient wisdom in early modern natural philosophy

veritrace addresses the influence of ancient wisdom writings on the development of early modern natural philosophy during the renaissance works such as the chaldean oracles the sibylline oracles the corpus hermeticum and the orphic hymns were rediscovered and reappropriated into a prisca sapientia a perennial tradition that considered these writings to contain truths about god mankind and the cosmos johannes kepler francis bacon pierre gassendi isaac newton and gottfried wilhelm leibniz foundational for the development of modern science all ascribed to this tradition and with them many others yet so far no comprehensive account exist of exactly what they took from these ancient wisdom writings and how the idea of a perennial truth influenced their knowledgemaking this project focuses on the influence of the renaissance prisca on early modern natural philosophy in its broadest sense by deploying existing yet bespoke techniques for distant reading on a large corpus of early modern printed works it traces how the most prominent ancient wisdom writings returned in the natural philosophical discourse what exactly natural philosophers took from these writings and how these writings functioned in the economy of early modern science it also traces the debate surrounding these ancient wisdom texts and the supposed truths contained therein throughout early modern europe differentiating between the various sentiments with which these texts were perceived read and discussed as such veritrace fills in a major lacuna in our understanding of the emergence and development of early modern science focussing not on isolated events but on the movement as a whole whilst making use of stateoftheart digital techniques adapted for an early modern environment
galactic magnetic field deflection of high energy astroparticles

the project is aimed at understanding the origin of the most energetic particles in the universe the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays uhecrs they reach energies of more than 1020 ev much above the ones that can be obtained at humanmade accelerators they are the messengers of the most violent phenomena in the universe after more than 50 years since their discoveries their acceleration sites are still unknown some of the difficulties in this quest are posed by the uncertainties in the galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields that deflect these charged particles by their low flux and by the resolution in the measurement of their charge with this research project we propose to revisit the existing modeling of the galactic magnetic field gmf by estimating the model parameters through maximumlikelihood analysis of the most recent data on synchrotron and faraday rotation measures and propagate this acquired knowledge to uhecr studies we will focus in the context of the pierre auger collaboration on the inclusion of the effects of magnetic fields in the interpretation of the mass composition energy spectrum and arrival direction specifically in the interpretation of the dipole pattern and of the studies of the correlation between the starburst galaxies and uhecrs these studies will be further developed to predict the performance of next generation detectors such as the global cosmic ray observatory gcos and poemma
glycoprotein glycoprotein of the biomineralized eggshell in birds

bird eggshell is a remarkable specimen for proteins analysis in archaeology and palaeontology as it can be used to understand how biominerals form and how they survive into deep time and elucidate phylogeny of the extinct birds proteins are known to survive best in association with minerals and proteins can persist in 6 million years old eggshell protective shell of eggs serves a crucial role for birds terrestrial adaptation as eggshell provides physical barrier to protect embryo prevents desiccation during embryonic development allows gas diffusion and provide calcium source for embryonic bone development organic matrix of eggshells is mainly made up of glycoproteins glycan sugar protein the glycan study in archaeology and palaeontology is scarce and the application of glycoproteomics and glycomics in ancient eggshells will be a milestone in science opening a new avenue to analyse sugar the glycoprotein role in eggshell remains elusive and the glycoeggshell project intends to describe and investigate specific roles of glycosylation on eggshell proteins across birds and evolutionary time using modern and subfossil samples glycoeggshell project has three research objectives characterise the glycosylated proteins in eggshells identify the compositions and structures of the glycosaminoglycan gag and determine the gagprotein interactions the modern eggshell from diverse bird clades will be used for glycoproteomics analysis to assess the glycosylation status among birds glycomics approach will be used to identify the gag structures and compositions across modern and subfossil eggshells while the novel cellbased glycosaminoglycan array developed by my supervisor team in copenhagen center for glycomics will be used to elucidate the interactions of protein and gag glycoeggshell project will enhance our understanding of the glycosylated proteins role in the formation of the eggshell the fastest biogenic calcification process known in nature
preventing alport syndrome with a natural amino acid

chronic kidney disease ckd is a major burden on society causing significant morbidity and mortality a typical symptom of ckd is the loss of protein into the urine also termed proteinuria which is usually associated with a poor prognosis in most cases a defective glomerulus leads to proteinuria resulting in damage of the neighboring proximal tubular cells due to protein and lipid overload in renotreat we aim to treat alport syndrome with a natural amino acid that is known to inhibit the tubular protein uptake receptors cubilin and megalin this amino acid is already available as a safe treatment in humans but has never been used for kidney disease alport syndrome is a rare disease with underestimated prevalence it is caused by defective collagen fibers due to pathogenic genetic variants in collagen iv genes the lack of functional collagen fibers leads to a more permeable glomerular basement membrane resulting in proteinuria with subsequent proximal tubular damage in our therapeutic strategy we will induce tubular proteinuria by blocking protein uptake into the proximal tubule overturning the paradigm that the degree of proteinuria correlates with kidney damage first we will test dosing regimens and bioavailability for three different formulations of the amino acid with regard to the induction of a stable tubular proteinuria in wildtype mice using a murine model of alport syndrome we will then evaluate these treatments for their potential to slow ckd progression and prolong the survival of the mutant mice in parallel we will conduct a pilot trial in healthy human volunteers with the already available form of the amino acid to prepare for a future clinical trial in alport patientsin summary we will verify the innovation potential of a novel therapeutic approach of managing alport syndrome and potentially other proteinuric kidney diseases by performing proofofconcept preclinical and clinical trials
palaeoecology and openlandscape adaptations of pleistocene humans in south africa

homo sapiens emerged in africa in the middle pleistocene and their appearance broadly overlaps with the onset of the middle stone age msa this period saw a persistent population expansion into a wide range of ecosystems including deserts rainforests and mountains to develop such ecological flexibility early humans had to adapt their subsistence strategies to markedly different and dynamic environments that dramatically affected their lifeways however we know surprisingly little about the timing and modes of h sapiens dispersal within africa to address this issue at subcontinental scale people will look at south african ecosystems that offer ways of assessing human response to climate change one key factor affecting this response is freshwater availability water played a crucial role in human adaptation since it determined the foraging activities of people across the open landscape and thus had pervasive influence over their expansion on the continent in the interior of south africa which features a mosaic of diverse grasslands and arid shrublands dissected by sporadic rivers ancient water courses and wetlands provided early humans with favourable conditions and possible dispersal routes to understand how and when humans settled on the subcontinent people will search geological deposits at rivers springs and dry lakes in the interior of south africa which offer long records of climate change the aim is twofold determine the role of changing environments in the adaptive strategies of msa people and establish a chronology for human palaeoecology based on absolute dating of palaeoenvironments and technological organisation to achieve these goals people will adopt a multiscalar geoarchaeological approach led by an interdisciplinary research team the results of this project will change our understanding of human dynamics in southern africa and have the potential to piece together how humans eventually dispersed throughout africa and beyond
empirical and theoretical assessment of the links between inner speech and insight

inner speech is a cognitive process of silent communication with oneself inner speech is driven by natural language and thus is deeply rooted in human culture while it pursues such cognitive functions as thinking memory planning etc in order to reach a more holistic knowledge of our inner voice it requires integrating the approaches of semiotics culture studies linguistics psychology and neuroscience exploring the functions and experience of inner speech in everyday situations drives the development of inner speech methodologies and raises the awareness of the role of culture in human cognition one of the distinguishing features of human cognition is its unique problem solving ability while previous research has indicated the connections between inner speech and problem solving it remains unclear whether inner speech is experienced similarly in different types of problem solving such as analytical problem solving or a sudden aha effect the given research project explores whether the specific dimensions of inner speech inner speaking and inner hearing and its phenomenological properties dialogic condensed etc can be associated with insight or aha effect and analytical types of problem solving the research will integrate methodological paradigms from insight semiotics and inner speech studies to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the experience of inner speech in insight and noninsight problem solving during an empirical experiment the project aims at providing the applicant with interdisciplinary training strengthening of the previous experience and widening career perspectives in the eu the results of the project will explore the underlying connections between inner speech and insight problem solving expanding our understanding of the role of natural language in human cognition the project will also drive the public awareness of the inner speech and facilitate the development of new research methodologies for its exploration
genetic basis and adaptive role of risktaking behavior in a rapidly changing environment

the evolutionary relevance of behavioral traits has been largely debated among biologists behavioral changes often constitute the first response to changing environmental conditions this suggests that behavioral variation among individuals within a population potentially represents the raw material for natural selection ultimately determining the ecological and evolutionary responses to new selective pressures however the genetic basis of behavioral traits remains largely unknown this uncertainty limits our understanding of the role of behavior in shaping the adaptive potential of natural populationsin this project i aim to uncover the molecular underpinnings of risktaking behavior a key trait associated with survival in the lizard anolis sagrei under new predation regimes first using restriction siteassociated dna sequencing radseq data i will characterize the heritability of risktaking behavior by estimating its additive genetic variance based on multigenerational pedigrees of lizards that have undergone behavioral assessments i will then search for genomic regions and variants associated with risktaking behavior by fst outlier scans selective sweep scans and genomewide association study gwas with the use of radseq and wholegenome sequencing wgs data finally using wholegenome bisulfite sequencing wgbs data i will explore the impact of dna methylation on the variation in risktaking behavior to shed light on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in controlling animal behavior by characterizing the genetic and epigenetic architecture of risktaking behavior riskadapt will decisively advance our understanding of the role of ecologicallyrelevant behaviors in the evolutionary adaptation to rapid environmental changes
biodegradable and ecofriendly smart hydrogels for the sustained intraperitoneal release of chemotherapeutics as a novel local therapy approach for advanced ovarian cancer

ovarian cancer oc is usually diagnosed in advanced stages when metastasis into the intraabdominal ia cavity already occurred the oc standardofcare efficacy is hampered by drugs high systemic toxicity and the early appearance of resistance thus advanced oc remains an unmet clinical need forcing the need for alternative therapies based on drugs local slowrelease at the ia cavity hydrogels hg have been proposed as in situ drug sustained release systems in the biomedical field their application avoids offtarget effects caused by drugs systemic administration and improves their therapeutic efficacy thermoresponsive hg trhg gained special attention due to their ability to be liquid at room temperature enabling their injection and jellify at body temperature accordingly the goal of hydrothec is to provide a new ondemand trhg as a new delivery depot system for the impairment of oc ia spread the innovative character of the proposed hg relies on i use of natural and ecofriendly components and synthesis methods recognized by green chemistry rules ii use of in silico bioinformatic tools to reduce unnecessary expenses and environmental impact iii nanoparticles incorporation to create e multicompartment hg system and iv ondemand character due to its easy adaptability to any drug or clinical conditions that would benefit from local therapy for the project success will be crucial the team interdisciplinary character as well as the perfect match of knowledge existent between the candidate and associated institutions in the end it is expected to obtain a novel hg that will significantly increase the standardofcare therapeutic window increasing oc patients survival and qualityoflife moreover the designed hg would serve as a technological platform adaptable to different clinical applications paving the way toward more personalized therapies and bringing new alternatives to clinical situations with limited therapeutic options
a tool to detect cognitive abnormalities in the first year of life based on electroencephalography eeg

due to motor immaturity and a lack of language it is difficult to assess cognitive functions in the first year of life making it difficult to properly and carefully follow up on atrisk children such as premature infants 810 of births thus delaying diagnosis and adequate support through the babylearn project i developed a panel of innovant eeg procedures and experimental paradigms to explore the infant developing brain circuits and learning skills i therefore propose to extend this expertise to a clinical setting and provide a tool based on eeg for a comprehensive assessment of infant cognitive development after building an effective prototype to test key cognitive functions syllable and face perception temporal anticipation and a critical learning mechanism statistical learning in infants while recording eeg we will assess in the lab the stability and robustness of our measures trl level 4 then extend the test in a clinical setting with a normal fullterm neonates and atrisk population premature neonates trl level 56 we will validate the diagnostic utility of the device through followup of infants in neonatology departments our proposed tool aims to significantly improve the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders ndd in infants by allowing earlier identification in the clinically silent period of the first year with accurate and objective measures of infant cognitive development this tool will enable health care professionals to provide targeted and effective care giving children the best chance of success
deciphering immune evasion mechanisms of metastatic cancer cells using crisprainducible reporters

most cancer patients are resistant to immunotherapies especially patients with liver and bone metastases this suggests that during metastasis cells acquire additional immune evasion mechanisms that dictate susceptibility to immunotherapies current immunotherapies initiate t cellmediated killing of cancer cells however combining them with agents that target other immune cells in the body such as natural killer nk cells may be more effective whether immune evasion mechanisms of metastatic cells differ between organs and whether these mechanisms can be targeted to improve immunotherapeutic strategies remains unknown the first aim of this proposal is to leverage a molecular barcoding technique named catch crispra tracing of clones in heterogenous cell populations to search for new mechanisms of nk cell immune evasion catch enables tracing metastatic cancer cells in vivo and isolating clones in a barcodespecific manner for subsequent characterization and functional experiments we engineered a human nonsmallcell lung cancer model with a complex catch barcoding library subsequently we injected the cells into mice harboring nk cells and mice having no nk cells in an experimental metastasis assay we identified several barcoded clones enriched in specific organs under immune pressure i aim to investigate this dataset to find novel mechanisms of nk cell immune evasion in the metastatic environment in the second aim i will combine molecular barcoding with replicative history tracing of cells to identify cancer clones that evade immunemediated dormancy in the metastatic niche i will compare the transcriptional and molecular profiles of dividing cells high in abundance to dividing cells low in abundance to find novel mediators of immunemediated dormancy the successful implementation of these aims will uncover new immune evasion strategies of metastatic cells that will pave the way for novel immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer patients