Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
innovative processes methodologies for next generation sustainable functional electronic components and systems

europe currently has a leading position in key digital technologies however functional electronics is one of several emerging digital transformation areas with no established players but with the potential to significantly disrupt strategic sectors harnessing the full potential of functional electronics will enable europe to exploit cuttingedge climateneutral digital solutions to strengthen its leadership and to seize on emerging opportunities by addressing existing technological gaps in multiple sectors functional electronics has found application in a wide range of sectors and domains including in hybrid integrated circuits ics or flexible systems its global market was worth 154billion in 2017 and is expected to reach 377billion by 2023 a cagr of 11 despite this growth functional electronics can generate additional value via the adoption and implementation of new and efficient ecodesign approaches at product process and business model levels susfe will advance the development of functional electronics for green and circular economy by developing a sustainable design and production platform for rolltoroll manufacturing of the next generation of wearable and diagnostic devices that combine a susfe toolbox of sustainable components comprising novel flexible integrated circuit flexic on polymer substrate with ultralow power printed sensorsbiosensors and wireless communication driven by an organic and recyclable bioenzymatic fuel cell this will lead to highly integrated and autonomously operating systems that are lightweight environmentally sustainable and lowcost susfe uses of a combination of sustainable materials and processes to deliver climateneutral digital solutions including wound monitoring selfblood samplingtesting and pointofcare devices
paleomare a paleoecological approach to deciphering the impact of heavy metals on antibiotic resistance spread in the environment

global biogeochemical cycles drive our planets health through the control of microbial habitats nutrient availability and distribution and exposure to reactive chemicals by releasing heavy metals into the environment and altering natural fluxes humans have carried out a planetary wide experiment for millennia that is pushing our ecosystem towards an unknown future more recently this has included the production use and release of antibiotics which has led to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes args across the globe arg spread has critical consequences for human and environmental health with an estimated 700000 deathsyear resulting from infections unresponsive to antibiotics however the underlying mechanisms that led to the spread of args worldwide are unknown the presence of heavy metal resistance genes hmrgs and args in microbial genomes suggests a coselection however present day ecosystems are contaminated by both to solve this conundrum i will combine geochemical and microbiological discovery of the links between heavy metal pollution and the spread of antimicrobial resistance from preindustrial times to the present using paleoecological archives i will identify the mechanisms underlying metalinduced arg spread the preferential relationships between specific metals and args and quantify the timing between drugmetal use and arg spread determine the impact of emerging pollutants on arg spread and evaluate the future risk of remobilization of contaminants and resistance genes i will redefine how heavy metal pollution maintains antibiotic resistance in the environment this will reach well beyond the project and develop the synergy of microbiology and geochemical processes for a quantumleap forward in defining the effects of geochemistry on human health these results will provide fundamental data that can be used to inform policy on emission guidelines and on drug development
assessment and engineering of equitable unbiased impartial and trustworthy ai systems

aibased decision support systems are increasingly deployed in industry in the public and private sectors and in policymaking as our society is facing a dramatic increase in inequalities and intersectional discrimination we need to prevent ai systems to amplify this phenomenon but rather mitigate it to trust these systems domain experts and stakeholders need to trust the decisionsfairness stands as one of the main principles of trustworthy ai promoted at eu level how these principles in particular fairness translate into technical functional social and lawful requirements in the ai system design is still an open question similarly we dont know how to test if a system is compliant with these principles and repair it in case it is notaequitas proposes the design of a controlled experimentation environment for developers and users to create controlled experiments for assessing the bias in ai systems eg identifying potential causes of bias in data algorithms and interpretation of results providing when possible effective methods and engineering guidelines to repair remove and mitigate bias provide fairnessbydesign guidelines methodologies and software engineering techniques to design new biasfree systemsthe experimentation environment generates synthetic data sets with different features influencing fairness for a test in laboratories real use cases in health care human resources and social disadvantaged group challenges further test the experimentation platform showcasing the effectiveness of the solution proposed the experimentation playground will be integrated on the aiondemand platform to boost its uptake but a standalone release will enable onpremise privacypreserving test of aisystems fairnessaequitas relies on a strong consortium featuring ai experts domain experts in the use case sectors as well as social scientists and associations defending rights of minorities and discriminated groups
fabrication of wide bandgap chalcopyrite photovoltaics at low temperatures for prospective tandem solar cells

adapting photovoltaics as a reliable renewable energy source advanced technological solutions must be brought at the cell level the power conversion efficiency targets must be higher than the currently available commercial singlejunction solar cells of silicon si or lowbandgap copper indium gallium selenide cigse the efficiency of photovoltaics can be increased by joining two cells in a single stack topbottom called a tandem solar cell such a configuration needs a wide bandgap solar cell to be joined atop the commercial low bandgap si or cigse photovoltaics this project aims to develop such a widebandgap thinfilm solar cell by careful compositional engineering silver ag will be substituted for a fraction of copper cu in sulfurrich cigs to yield wide bandgap 16517 ev acigs absorbers ag substitution is expected to reduce the melting point of the resulting absorber acigs thus allowing its deposition at relatively low temperatures this provision eliminates the bottom cell damage while adapting acigs as a top cell in a tandem configuration the project also investigates defects in acigs and their mitigation by implementing adequate passivation strategies the solar cell device architecture will be tailored to yield high opencircuit voltages reducing the nonradiative losses across the absorberbuffer layer interface driftdiffusion simulations will be carried out connecting the materials properties defects and recombination mechanisms with the observed experimental results the smallscale acigs devices fabricated in the laboratory will be scaled up at the industry partner fabricating minimodules the expected project results have the potential to be a major milestone in the development of tandem pv and to be readily exploited in industry
perovskite spiking neurons for intelligent networks

a brain is a complex structure where computing and memory are tightly intertwined at very low power cost of operation by analog signals across vast quantities of synapseconnected spiking neurons animal brains react intelligently to environmental events and perceptions by developing similar spiking neural networks snn we can realize neuromorphic computation systems excellent for dealing with large amounts of noisy data and stimuli and very well suited for perception cognition and motor tasks but the current cmos technologies perform very poorly for emulating the biological brains and their power consumption is large currently we cannot replicate biological neurons behaviours with existing design and manufacturing technology this project aims to develop compact miniature material elements that will emulate closely the complex dynamic behaviour of neurons and synapses to form snns with substantial reduction in footprint complexity and energy cost for perception learning and computation we investigate the properties of metal halide perovskite that have produced excellent photovoltaic devices in the last decade these perovskites have ionicelectronic conduction hysteresis memory effect and switchable and nonlinear behaviour that make them ideally suited for the realization of devices in close fidelity to biological electrochemically gated membranes in neurons and informationtracking synapses we will use the methodology of impedance spectroscopy and equivalent circuit analysis to fabricate devices with dynamic responses emulating the natural neuronal coupling and synchronization this method will produce the hardware that we need for a preferred spiking computational model incorporating time analog physical elements and dynamical complexity as computational tools as illustration we will show visual object recognition from spiking data provided by a spiking retina by advanced neuristors and dynamic synapses
improving cereal yield predictions under drought root diameter as a predictor of plant water uptake across scales

as droughts are becoming more frequent and severe there is a call for adaptation strategies that enhance the crops resilience to these climate conditions one pathway to do so is to select crops whose root system optimize the soil water uptake however the identification of adequate ideotypes is compromised by the limited understanding of the structural drivers controlling the water uptake from the root to crop scales this knowledge gap is attributable to the multiscale and nonlinear nature of the soilplant interactions drooght aims to address these gaps by identifying the dominant drivers of the complex belowground processes in cereal crops based on suggestive pieces of evidence the project builds on the primary hypothesis that the distribution of the root diameter within a cereal root system is an indicator of its structure and functions at the organ and field scales the value and groundbreaking nature of such an indicator would lie in its simplicity diameters are one of the easiest root traits to measure in any field setup and at large scales i will test this hypothesis and identify the dominant structural root traits controlling plant water uptake dynamics under waterlimited conditions using complementary in silico and in vivo approaches the outputs of this project will be i a novel multiscale computational framework that links local root structures to plant and crop functions ii a phenotyping pipeline that links root structure to function and iii the identification of cereal root properties favorable to higher yields across european pedoclimatic conditions and climate change scenarios more broadly this project will allow a significant step forward in our understanding of the role of root systems structural traits on water uptake dynamics it will provide practical insight for breeders and simpler more elegant belowground processes model components to insert into crop models
epigrid soft and flexible high density electrode grids for epilepsy surgery

epilepsy is a highly prevalent brain disorder affecting 1 of the population brain surgery can cure epilepsy if we can delineate the diseased tissue intraoperatively unfortunately this delineation is currently not performed precisely and leads to poor success rates 5070 high frequency oscillations hfos have been identified as a biomarker of epileptogenic tissues which can be electrically recorded with intraoperative electrocorticography these hfos are specific of diseased epileptogenic brain tissues and remnance after an initial resection predicts continuation of seizures after surgery and thus may indicate incomplete removal the problem is that currently available electrode grids do not provide an adequate recording resolution too low electrode density moreover these electrodes are made of stiff materials which yields low signaltonoise level when recording from the cortical surface and which does not offer the possibility to record from within resection cavities as the rigid electrodes cannot conform to the curvature of the cavity we need high density flexible electrode grids that can adhere to the cortical surface and cavities neurosoft bioelectronics produces flexible and high density electrode grids based on unique stretchable soft electrodes our goal is to use this grant to translate our clinical needs into an optimal design of soft electrode grids adapted for epilepsy surgery with the help of an industrial designer we will first test these newly designed soft electrodes in vitro for clinical handability and improved signal quality and eventually test them during epilepsy surgery in 12 patients the recorded signals and clinical outcomes will be compared to those from standard rigid electrode grids improved delineation of the epileptogenic tissue will lead to a higher succes rate make epilepsy surgery a first choice treatment and over all change this otherwise lifelong disease into a curable disorder for many people
novel magnesium alloy for bone tissue engineering manufactured by selective laser melting

one important health issue in europe especially with the aging of the population is bone tissue fracture damage as a result of highenergy impact or trauma tumor resection infection or osteodegenerative diseases this problem is currently managed with fixation devices and porous scaffolds made of bioinert and biocompatible alloys ti cocr steels however the large elastic modulus mismatch between these permanent materials and the bone tissue leads to osteoporosis and secondary fractures moreover secondary surgeries are often necessary to remove these permanent implants to overcome these limitations temporary implants from biodegradable and biocompatible metals such as magnesium mg have been attracted a lot of attention however mg suffers from fast corrosion rates in body fluids which also impairs cell proliferation and just a few mg alloys fabricated by conventional techniques extrusion and powder metallurgy have been approved for bone tissue therapies so far these techniques do not allow to control the porosity pore shape size and connectivity which is necessary to ensure appropriate cell proliferation and tissue growth hence the project macs aims at developing a new generation of mg alloys suitable to manufacture by selective laser melting porous scaffolds with optimum porosity mechanical properties corrosion resistance and biocompatibility to be used for bone tissue engineering particular emphasis will be paid to the engineering of surface coatings to ensure the appropriate rates of corrosion and cell proliferation so the biodegradable scaffold will be gradually replaced by the tissue porous scaffolds will be designed and manufactured by selective laser melting with the new alloy and engineered with surface coatings the mechanical properties corrosion resistance as well as bioactivity for bone tissue regeneration will be determined by means of in vitro tests
forwardmodels of cosmic dawn connecting 21cm simulations to the real world

forward will enable a new generation of transformational probes of cosmic dawn cd to provide meaningful inference on key questions of galaxy formation the cd contains some of the most soughtafter insights into galaxy formation though these secrets remain locked away by a host of formidable realworld challenges upcoming radio telescopes are optimistic interferometers such as hera and future ska along with global experiments such as edges3 are honed to observe the faint 21cm emission from neutral hydrogen redshifted to 50150 mhz in complementary ways the dominant limitation of current experiments are spectral systematics that couple with overwhelmingly bright foregrounds as we enter the regime in which the most extreme physical models begin to be ruled out by observations meaningful inference of key parameters is most susceptible to inaccuracies in accounting for these systematics prior efforts to provide parameter constraints from cd have focused on forecasts and treated systematics crudely and optimistically forward will synthesise the popular seminumerical simulation code 21cmfast and a radically overhauled parameterinference engine 21cmmc2 with a series of new pluggable modules designed to efficiently forwardmodel the response of realistic interferometers enabling the most direct comparison of theory to data by applying this novel machinery jointly to observations from hera and edges3 we will i provide meaningful constraints on the parameters of galaxy formation during cd ii build confidence in the reported detections and iii enable future joint constraints from the ska edges3 the framework developed will follow a legacy of code excellence providing a bedrock for stateoftheart developments over the coming years
the evolution of longnecked dinosaurs of africa before the cenomanianturonian extinction

the overall research goal of this proposal is to develop a multidisciplinary study of the little known longnecked dinosaurs of north africa using virtual paleontology techniques developed in my phd thesis histological data on the fossil material pneumatic apparatus reconstruction and phylogenetic analysis to understand the significance of a range of new species the project will have a major impact in the fields of paleontology and biology generating critical new data on the large terrestrial vertebrates of a major continent during a period of the mesozoic that experienced sea level and temperature changes resulting in major extinctions the fossil material comprises the single largest undescribed fauna from any major continent during the latter half of the mesozoic the highprofile scientific results to come from this research over twoyears in the department of organismal biology university of chicago under the supervision of prof sereno will boost my academic profile and experience in the fields of paleontology and evolution significantly increasing the chance to continue my career by leading a multidisciplinary and diverse research group in the field of paleobiology in europe
resilient solutions for coastal urban estuarine and riverine environments

the doctoral network dn rescuer resilient solutions for coastal urban estuarine and riverine environments will focus on the training of young researchers fellows in the general area of coastal oceanography hydraulic and coastal engineering applied mathematics and scientific computation the network will leverage advances in the numerical treatment of hydrodynamic equations in the past decade to create multiphysics models able to address pressing needs in practical modeling of various phenomena in the coastal zone with the goal of improving overall safety of coastal areasensuring the safety of property and commercial developments onshore and offshore requires an integrated approach including phaseresolving wave modeling tracking and mitigation of morphological changes potential flooding in urban areas and monitoring of water quality while protective structures and emergency plans for catastrophic storm waves and storm surges are well established the confluence of global warming and sea level rise with other known natural risk factors and increasing human activity create a new set of hazards and requires new thinking in coastal modeling and the planning of mitigation strategiesto address the challenges outlined above we will rely on numerical techniques which are in each case tested against existing models and validated with experiments and field measurements in our work with consulting companies and government agencies we have identified a trend towards coupled models instead of traditionally used standalone models and a need for operational capabilities these needs will be answered using new multiphysics models stateoftheart numerical methods image recognition algorithms and innovative programming techniques such as gpu programming the synergistic interplay of physical modelling numerical analysis and largescale simulation with lab experiments and field work plays an essential role in this network our project goes beyond the state of the art by improving existing numerical models employing gpu programming and superresolution techniques and building a unified suite of solvers that will allow us to address the multiphysics problems in coastal estuarine riverine and urban areas
innovative evcharging environment for future lowcost mass deployment

neverflat aims to develop and demonstrate in reallife settings an innovative efficient and userfriendly pervasive lowcost smart bidirectional charging infrastructure for electric vehicles evs directly contributing to a specific strategic objective of the 2zero partnership developing affordable inclusive userfriendly charging infrastructure concepts and technologies that include vehicle and grid interaction it will bring crucial advancements in core hardware and software applied infrastructure innovation using cutting edge technologies like ml predictive models and simulation or wbg semiconductors optimization in deployment and placement of the novel charging solutions their strategic orchestration improving operative performance grid stability and res utilization and social and business model innovations and incentivisation involving relevant ssh expertise in the consortium together with major industry partners innovative smes and research organizations the complete integrated and deployed charging solution will be validated in extensive operational urban and periurban environments on pilot sites in germany romania and spain showcasing the potential for widespread massive adoption user acceptance and seamless coverage interoperable across european country borders contributing to removing barriers to ev user acceptability