Dragon09/odtu_chatbot huggingface dataset:
promoting shallow geothermal heatingcooling for existing residential buildings in the eu

almost 75 of the eus existing residential building is energy inefficient however currently only about 1 of the existing residential building is renovated each year although some studies have considered using shallow geothermal to provide heatingcooling to promote the deep energysaving renovation of existing residential buildings there is still a smallscale and low renovation rate in practice the main reasons include residents lack of cooperation high investment costs unawareness of technology low subsidies ineffective incentives lack of motivation from technology services suppliers lowprofit margins market institutional barriers etc this project aims to develop an efficient incentive mechanism of promoting shallow geothermal heatingcooling for existing residential buildings sghcerb to improve its low energysaving renovation rate in the eu first this project will investigate the potential cooperation willingness and driving forces of different stakeholders ie governments technology services suppliers and householders for promoting sghcerb from a european perspective then this project will develop a novel multiagent behavioral game model that can satisfy all involved stakeholders to achieve winwin cooperation this model will form this basis for the efficient incentive mechanisms that can simultaneously promote sghcerb and achieve the benefits balance for different stakeholders in addition this project will provide specific policy optimization suggestions for local governments to improve the overall implementation efficiency of sghcerb in accordance with local conditions this project will help to speed up the eu in achieving co2 emission target proposed in the climate energy framework for 2030
testing the horizon of black holes with gravitational waves

gravitational waves gws provide a unique opportunity to test gravity in a regime inaccessible to traditional astronomical observations one of the main predictions of general relativity gr is the existence of black holes bhs featuring a horizon beyond which nothing not even light can escape observations of gws from the remnants of binary bh coalescences have the potential to probe the physics at the horizon of bhsthis prospect is of particular interest given some quantumgravity theories and dark matter models that predict the presence of horizonless compact objects known as exotic compact objects ecos ecos emit a different gw signal than bhs due to the absence of a horizon studying their imprints in the postmerger stage allows one to investigate the existence of horizons in compact remnantsso far the groundbased detectors ligo and virgo have detected gws from the coalescence of binary bhs and neutron stars several tests on the properties of the remnants have been performed setting constraints on generic deviations from general relativity current constraints can be converted into bounds on the location of the horizon by modelling the variations introduced by a generic class of ecos however this aim has not been achieved given the open problems in modelling spinning ecos which i plan to tackle in this proposalthis project will provide the first bounds on the location of the horizon with current gw observations for this purpose i will extend the current stateoftheart in eco modelling to spinning configurations and develop new dataanalysis schemes relating the postmerger gw signal to the horizon properties finally i will assess the prospects of detectability of bh horizons with nextgeneration detectors such as the groundbased einstein telescope and cosmic explorer and the spacebased laser interferometer space antenna the outcome of this project will provide novel tests of general relativity and shed light on quantum gravity
transition of 2dchemistry based supercapacitor electrode material from proof of concept to applications

the world population is significantly increasing and its reliance on energybased devices is higher than ever before this leads to a continuous rise in global energy consumption in addition the everincreasing demand for energy storage devices with improved performances and stability in securing safe operation of big data centers and networks for the internet of things transportation grid storage electronics in space applications and implanted medical devices is motivating the scientific community to develop new chemistries compositions and morphologies of electrode materials in order to meet these challengescurrently rechargeable lithiumion batteries the most widely used electrochemical energy storage system of today are still limited in terms of power densities and fire safety issues in many applications within the erccog 2dchem and the subsequent ercpoc up2dchem the team of prof otyepka developed a nitrogen superdoped graphene electrode material scgn3 with an unprecedented density supercapacitors sc made by scgn3 material can achieve up to 75 whkg 200 whl energy density and show highpower density capability with potential up to 19 kwkg 50 kwl twice higher than reference state of the art increasing the energy density of sc beyond 25whkg will offer a paradigm shift in sc technologies allowing their wide application in electric vehicles and as support for batteries in power levelling and quick response devices for high power applicationsthe trans2dchem project intends to take this important field beyond its stateoftheart via the exploitation of the previously unexplored properties of the material imparting toprated performance in the respective energy storage devices the proposal will bring the technology readiness of the described energy storage devices to a level of 6 by validating their operation in industriallyrelevant environment in coin pouch and wound cylindrical cells
a research platform addressing outstanding research challenges for nanoscale design and engineering of multifunctional 2d materials

emerging materials science and nanoscale engineering spawn extraordinary structures during my ercstg i discovered a new family of internallyordered 3d atomic laminates that i coined imax more recently these phases have been used to derive a new type of 2d solids mxenes with ordered vacancies here i consolidate research to establish a worldleading research environment with a mission to understand and exploit yet wider classes of unique functional materials the next generation of 2d materials beyond mxenes from selective etching of recurring layers in 3d precursor solidsfundamental investigations of this project have as objectives to1 use a theoryassisted search including screening of open data bases for design of new multifunctional 2d materials2 perform precisecontrolled synthesisderivation of novel 3d2d materials based on chemical exfoliation34 explore nanoscale engineering and property tailoring specifically targeting 2d materials for energy storage catalysis and other areas where lowdimensional solids can provide unique and sustainable solutions5 provide proofofconcept for novel materials in device applicationsresearch breakthroughs and corresponding societal impact are envisioned as novel 2d materials provide superior properties in devices made from sustainable elements and processing functionalized freestanding sheets of new 2d materials are expected to have a major impact on supercapacitors and batteries and as a catalytic material realizing efficient hydrogen evolution initial results attest to this pioneering a new generation of 2d materials holds exceptional potential for discoveries for use in applications meeting global challenges pertaining to energy and environment and beyond my experience as an international research leader gives me confidence to take on this greater challenge for innovation thus an outstanding research constellation can be constituted delivering groundbreaking research
immune synapse engagement as a novel approach for cancer immunotherapy

monoclonal antibodies mabs targeting immune checkpoints have revolutionized cancer treatment but exhibit several challenges most notably limited intratumor efficacy and relatively low patient response rates endowing these mabs with immunecellrecruitment capabilities may offer the solution to these drawbacks this assumption is based on our recent findings that the effectivity of a given checkpoint mab relies not only on its binding to its target tcells receptor but also on the direct interaction of the targeted tcell with dendritic cells dcs our results suggest that the lowfrequency or dysfunctionality of such stimulating immune synapses following checkpoint mab treatments hinder their antitumor efficacy therefore the outcome of not taking this tcelldc licensing loop mechanism into account in mab design is suboptimal checkpoint mabs to overcome these limitations we propose here to develop a series of bi and mutispecific immune synapse engager antibodies as a new approach to enforce immune interactions for cancer immunotherapy we will apply invivo genetic tools and highdimensional analysis of the immune response on the spatial cellular proteomic and transcriptomic levels to provide critical insights into immune synapses that mediate effective tcell antitumor activity we will then harness this knowledge to apply antibodyengineering approaches and treatment regimens to maximize antitumor activity we will explore and target tcelldc synapses that enable antagonistic aim 1 and agonistic aim 2 checkpoint mabs and additional types of immune cell interactions underlying favourable immune surveillance of tumors aim 3 this study will introduce a novel approach for cancer immunotherapy using drugs that engage physical crosstalk between key immune cells ideally this study will yield reagents with potent antitumor efficacy and wellcharacterized invivo activities that can be readily translated for evaluation in human patients
engineering combined sensing and telecommunications architectures for tectonic and infrastructure characterisation

the 5 bn km of currently installed data communications optical fibre cable provides an opportunity to create a globespanning network of fibre sensors without laying any new fibres these traverse the seas and oceans where conventional sensors are practically nonextent and major infrastructures offering potential for smart structural health monitoringecstatic will develop novel interferometry and polarisationbased sensing approaches for vibration and acoustic fibreoptic sensing technologies new possibilities will be defined for sensitivity distance range and localization offering a range of solutions for different use cases while ensuring the coexistence of the sensing signal with live data traffica new compact photonic chipbased dualmicrocomb engine will enable enhanced range resolution and bandwidth of distributed acoustic sensing together with fundamental new knowledge on the physics of physical stimuli in relation to stateofpolarisation sensing simultaneous interrogation of multiple transmitted comb lines in the microwave domain with multiwavelength interferometry and novel stateofpolarisation millisecond field programmable gate arraybased transceivers will be developed and characterised to improve the sensitivity spatial resolution and dynamic range of distributed fiber sensorsto address the limited data storage and processing capabilities of communication networks new digital signal processing algorithms based on edge devices and artificial intelligencemachine learning will be developed and used to extract information via datacompression techniques solutions will aim to minimise algorithm complexity while realising realtime sensing of events and network condition with high classification accuracythese technologies and algorithms will be tested in realworld submarine metropolitan and infrastructure networks to validate their potential for early warning of seismic events predictive maintenance and network integrity
weathering colonial calcutta climates cultures and everyday experiences of the weather 18001945

the planetary scale of environmental and climatic complexities and the anxieties of global crises prompted by threats introduced by the spectre of the anthropocene have brought scalar imagination at the forefront of historical writings one of the wellknown ironies of the climate crisis is the fact that despite its planetary and temporal scale its effects manifest themselves in everyday experiences of seasons and weather weathering colonial calcutta introduces nuances of material cultural and political systems into historical examinations of how communities and social groups understood coordinated and responded to climate and the weather it presents an urban material and cultural history of colonial calcutta as a story of changing ideas about and everyday experiences of the weather it aims to reframe histories of calcutta by examining the place of the weather seasons and climate in cultural and political expressions public and domestic spaces and material culture the research takes two distinct yet interrelated approaches to writing a history of the social construction of weather the first theme examines the shifts in knowledge of calcuttas weather noun through the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in this sense the research offers critical insights into the insistence with which calcuttas weather seasons and climate forced themselves on scientific and social viewpoints and modes of cultural activity second the project traces the concept of weather as a transitive verb to pass through and survive and explores the braiding of daily lives and weathering practices as embedded in the creation and maintenance of racial class and social thinking and practices overall the project takes the evocative history of the weather into politics culture and society revealing its importance to key themes from science literature art architecture urban planning and technologies to race religion environment gender and culture
nextgeneration of battery management systems to increase interoperability bridge the gap between 1st and slbess extend adaptability and empower battery value chains

batteries have been identified as an important technology to guide the cleanenergy transition its presence in the automotive and energy storage industry is wellestablished and forecasts show its incoming market uptake however the current bms of flbs lack interoperability features resulting in a timeconsuming expensive and nonstandardized reconfiguration process for slb adaptation these drawbacks complicate flb repurposing for slb applications like essthe big leap project focuses on developing solutions for the slbs bms and its reconfiguration process technology breakthroughs will be made in its bms as a new threelayer architecture will be designed to ensure interoperability safety and reliability it will be complemented with an adaptable ess design to ensure bms integration and expand the slbs potential applications additionally the big leap project intends to optimize the battery reconfiguration process by making it costeffective faster and standardized the methodology for the development of these innovations includes the collection of ev maritime evessel and ess batteries that will be dismantled and the data collected will serve as the basis for the bms architecture development it will contain adaptable sox algorithms for accurate battery measurement a dt for realtime monitoring and a standardization roadmap the new bms will be integrated into the batteries alongside the ess and will be tested in three demo sites two physical demos will be in paris and prague and a virtual demo will be in morocco they aim to validate the novel bms and ess proving their optimization and interoperability the big leap innovation includes a multidisciplinary consortium a strong business case and an environmental impact assessment all with the intention of accelerating its market uptake with a costeffective solution positively impacting the european economy through the battery value chain and tracing its sustainable benefits
mimicking adaptation and plasticity in worms

traditionally a robot is a machine controlled by a central unit and used to perform specific tasks automatically often in a structured environment mapworms aims at challenging this traditional concept by proposing robots inspired by simplified forms of marine annelida able to performtasks in response to environmental stimuli and to adapt to the environment with a shapemorphing strategysmart shapememory hydrogels able to respond to different stimuli ion species chemicals light ph etc represent the building blocks in this new generation of morphing robots by combining smart reactive hydrogels with nonreactive elements actuation units able to transduce stiffness variation into geometrical changes will be developed in the proposed endeavour biology is the inspiration for simplifying principles to deal with a complex world material science is the foundation for giving the body its proper role in shaping behaviour mathematical modelling is the way to describe biological mechanisms to provide hints and laws for the artificial counterpart robotics and engineering aim at providing tools to quantitatively and functionally study biology to bring innovative materials from chemistry labs to working systems and to provide general purpose actuators and adapting machineswith a team of 6 partners including 2 smes in 4 years mapworms intends to 1 study adaptation and plasticity of the body plan in marine annelida and shed light on the specialization process that allowed forms appeared early in the evolution of the phylum to adapt to different environments 2 develop a mathematical model of annelida plasticity and adaptation to the environment through burrowing protrusion of parts of their bodies and morphological changes 3 develop smart soft materials embodying responsivity shape morphing and selfhealing capabilities and based on dna components 4 develop bioinspired modular shape morphing robots across the scale
bipyridines as mediating artificial cofactors to replace nadph

in the quest for a sustainable and ecofriendly future enzymatic catalysis has emerged as a pivotal platform steering chemical synthesis towards environmentally benign pathways the use of natural cofactors such as nadh nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced and nadph nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced has been instrumental in these processes providing essential reducing equivalents for numerous enzymatic transformations in the production of valuable chemicals and pharmaceuticals via biocatalysis nadph is utilized by various enzymesnadphdependent processes play a key role in pharmaceutical industry and the environment reducing co2 emissions in the production of valuable fuels and chiral active pharmaceutical ingredients apiswhile nadph is effective as a cofactor it presents several issues that limit its practicality and sustainability mainly due to high cost of cofactor high process costs due to lack of recyclability and complex downstream processing the central idea of bpymac is to leverage the advantages of bipyridines as ideal mediating artificial cofactors macs to replace nadph due to their synthetic versatility recyclability tunability and stability synthetic strategies enable their conversion to redox polymer enabling their application as polymer films on electrodes allowing their use in reactors with facile product separation this will be the end goal of bpymac meeting significant gaps in the state of the art bpymacs research outcomes will help revolutionise bioelectrocatalyis by targeting synthesis of valuable products from co2 reduction and production of chiral apis in a reactor consisting of polymeric mac and enzyme optimised to produce products in high yield and with high stereoselectivity these reactions will provide proofofconcept for the potential of bpymacs tailored macs as nadph replacements for reactions of interest for industry society and the scientific community
lightning corona imaging from a radio telescope

we do not understand how lightning in our atmosphere initiates nor how it develops and propagates after initiation the fundamental difficulty is that these basic lightning phenomena are driven by the meterscale dynamics of the lowconductivity plasma that surrounds the lightning channel known as the corona but the dynamics of this corona is asyet unresolved resolving the structure of the lightning corona and how it develops in time is the holy grail of lightning science as it will reveal the mechanism behind lightning initiation the physics behind how lightning channels grow and propagate and why lightning emits intense flashes of xray and gamma ray radiation during the lift project i will develop new advanced data processing techniques including polarization imaging and interferometric beamforming to produce meterscale and nanosecond precise radiofrequency images of lightning activity this project will use data collected by the low frequency array lofar radio telescope which previous work has shown to be the most precise and sensitive lightning interferometer in the world the end result of this project will be finely resolved images of lightning corona that are an orderofmagnitude more precise than all previous work since it is the coronal plasma that drives most other lightning processes the impact will be a fundamentally deeper insight into the physics of lightning initiation propagation and emission of energetic radiation including resolving longstanding questions of how cosmic rays or hydrometers could be involved in lightning initiation how lightning expands from a single point to a kilometerscale network and which key plasma processes allow lightning channels to grow in addition the lift project will make use of the drastically increased bandwidth and processing power that will be made available during the lofar 20 upgrade in order to push the observations to even higher spectral and spatial precision
a geoaibased land use land cover segmentation process to analyse and predict rural depopulation agricultural land abandonment and deforestation in bulgaria and turkey 19402040

rural depopulation agricultural land abandonment and deforestation are massive concerns for europe and elsewhere today and our planets future these interlinked phenomena can be analysed using land use and land cover lulc maps combined with dynamics of population geography especially regarding urban sprawl modern lulc and spatially disaggregated population datasets go back to the 1980s and 1970s although we have earlier population data these are not geomatched to locations in lulc maps earlier lulc maps are either not very reliable extracted from historical maps or limited in their geographical coverage based on selected aerial photos or satellite imagery these are severe limitations to developing longer and deeper perspectives and understanding the root causes of these detrimental changes in population geography and land use practices in large territories geoailulcseg will develop an advanced modular and customizable geospatial artificial intelligencebased land use land cover segmentation process to accurately map lulc conditions for around 30000 km2 in a border region between bulgaria and turkey including the cities edirne istanbul and plovdiv from historical aerial photographs and early reconnaissance satellite images dating back to the 1950s and the 1970s respectively by pairing them with geotagged historical population census data our methodological novelties are not limited to geoaibased object segmentation and superresolution applications for panchromatic imagery for our research area our project will create transferable knowledge and scalable methods for global applications for the 1970s thanks to worldwide coverage of highspatialresolution satellite imagery we will process furthermore we will build longterm lulc maps series commensurable with current satellite data 19502020 allowing us to improve predictions for future population geography and lulc changes