Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering
NNIIRT designed air surveillance radars

Radar
NATO reporting name
Radio spectrum (NATO)
Developed
Production plant
Notes
P-3
-
VHF
1948
NITEL
The first Soviet post-World War II air surveillance radar
P-8 Volga
KNIFE REST A
VHF
1950
NITEL
The first Soviet radar with circular scan
P-10 Volga A
KNIFE REST B
VHF
1953
NITEL
Frequency hopping
P-12 Yenisei
SPOON REST
VHF
1955
NITEL
Coherent radar with MTI
P-14 Lena
TALL KING
VHF
1959
NITEL
-
P-70 Lena-M
-
VHF
1968
-
First Soviet radar with chirp
P-18 Terek
SPOON REST D
VHF
1970
NITEL
-
5N84A Oborona-14
TALL KING C
VHF
1974
NITEL
-
5N69 Salute
BIG BACK
D-band
1975
-
First Soviet 3D-radar
44ZH6
TALL KING B
VHF
1979
NITEL
Stationary version of Oborona-14
55ZH6 Nebo
TALL RACK
VHF
1982
NITEL
First Soviet meter-wavelength 3D-radar
1L13
-
-
1982
-
-
52E6
-
VHF
1982–1996
-
-
1L13-3 Nebo-SV
BOX SPRING
VHF
1985
NITEL
-
55ZH6U Nebo-U
TALL RACK
VHF
1992
NITEL
-
1L119 Nebo-SVU
-
VHF
1997–2006
-
-
59N6-1 Protivnik-G1
-
D-band
1997
-
Average time between failures 840 hours
1L122 Avtobaza
-
D-band
1997–2006
-
-
52E6MU
-
VHF
1997–2006
-
-
P-18 modernisation kits
SPOON REST D
VHF
1997–2006
-
-
55ZH6M Nebo-M
-
VHF/multi-band
2011
-
-
59N6M
-
-
-
-
-

Question: What were the first Soviet radar with circular scan, the first 3D radar and the first VHF-band 3D radar?
Answer: Innovations include the first Soviet air surveillance radar with a circular scan; the P-8 Volga (NATO: KNIFE REST A) in 1950, the first 3D-radar; the 5N69 Salute (NATO: BIG BACK) in 1975, and in 1982 the first VHF-band 3D-radar; the 55Zh6 Nebo (NATO: TALL RACK).