Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Flowering_plant

In most taxonomies, the flowering plants are treated as a coherent group. The most popular descriptive name has been Angiospermae (Angiosperms), with Anthophyta ("flowering plants") a second choice. These names are not linked to any rank. The Wettstein system and the Engler system use the name Angiospermae, at the assigned rank of subdivision. The Reveal system treated flowering plants as subdivision Magnoliophytina (Frohne & U. Jensen ex Reveal, Phytologia 79: 70 1996), but later split it to Magnoliopsida, Liliopsida, and Rosopsida. The Takhtajan system and Cronquist system treat this group at the rank of division, leading to the name Magnoliophyta (from the family name Magnoliaceae). The Dahlgren system and Thorne system (1992) treat this group at the rank of class, leading to the name Magnoliopsida. The APG system of 1998, and the later 2003 and 2009 revisions, treat the flowering plants as a clade called angiosperms without a formal botanical name. However, a formal classification was published alongside the 2009 revision in which the flowering plants form the Subclass Magnoliidae.

Question: In taxonomies, what type of group are flowering plants treated?
Answer: coherent

Question: What does anthophyta mean?
Answer: flowering plants

Question: What do the Wettstein and Engler systems use at the assigned rank of subdivision?
Answer: Angiospermae

Question: How does the APG system of 1998, with its 2003 and 2009 revisions, treat flowering plants?
Answer: a clade called angiosperms

Question: What formal subclass classification were flowering plants given in 2009?
Answer: Magnoliidae

Question: What are coherent groups not linked to?

Question: What do Anthophyta and Magnoliophytina use as the assigned rank of subdivision?

Question: How does the APG system of 1996 treat flowering plants?

Question: What taxonomy was published alongside the 2003 revision?

Question: What does Magnoliophytina mean?
Flowering_plant

The internal classification of this group has undergone considerable revision. The Cronquist system, proposed by Arthur Cronquist in 1968 and published in its full form in 1981, is still widely used but is no longer believed to accurately reflect phylogeny. A consensus about how the flowering plants should be arranged has recently begun to emerge through the work of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG), which published an influential reclassification of the angiosperms in 1998. Updates incorporating more recent research were published as APG II in 2003 and as APG III in 2009.

Question: What internal component has undergone considerable revision?
Answer: classification

Question: What system did Arthur Cronquist put forth in 1968, but not publish in full form until 1981?
Answer: The Cronquist system

Question: What consensus is the AGP trying to reach?
Answer: how the flowering plants should be arranged

Question: Who published an influential reclassification of the angiosperms in 1998?
Answer: APG

Question: What classification system was published by APG II in 1968?

Question: When was the APG II system published fully?

Question: What is no longer believed about the APG system?

Question: What consensus has emerged through the work of Arthur Cronquist?

Question: What did Arthur Cronquist publish about angiosperms in 1998?
Flowering_plant

Recent studies, as by the APG, show that the monocots form a monophyletic group (clade) but that the dicots do not (they are paraphyletic). Nevertheless, the majority of dicot species do form a monophyletic group, called the eudicots or tricolpates. Of the remaining dicot species, most belong to a third major clade known as the magnoliids, containing about 9,000 species. The rest include a paraphyletic grouping of primitive species known collectively as the basal angiosperms, plus the families Ceratophyllaceae and Chloranthaceae.

Question: What type of groups do monocots form, based on a recent APG studies?
Answer: monophyletic

Question: Eudicots or tricolpates are part of a monophyletic group formed by what species?
Answer: dicot

Question: What third major clade can many dicot species be found in?
Answer: magnoliids

Question: How many species dicot species are magnoliids?
Answer: about 9,000

Question: Basal angiosperms are what type of grouping of primitive species?
Answer: paraphyletic

Question: How many species of Chloranthaceae are eudicots?

Question: What do studies by the monophyletic group show?

Question: What do a majority of monocot Ceratophyllaceae species form?

Question: What do the remaining monocot species belong to?

Question: What is the group known as that remainig monocot species belong to?
Flowering_plant

The number of species of flowering plants is estimated to be in the range of 250,000 to 400,000. This compares to around 12,000 species of moss or 11,000 species of pteridophytes, showing that the flowering plants are much more diverse. The number of families in APG (1998) was 462. In APG II (2003) it is not settled; at maximum it is 457, but within this number there are 55 optional segregates, so that the minimum number of families in this system is 402. In APG III (2009) there are 415 families.

Question: What is the estimated range for the number of flowering plants?
Answer: 250,000 to 400,000

Question: How many species of moss is there?
Answer: 12,000

Question: What does the large number of flowering plant species indicate is true of them in general?
Answer: diverse

Question: What are the minimum number of families in the APG system?
Answer: 402

Question: How many families are in AGP III?
Answer: 415

Question: How is moss seen more than families in the system?

Question: What is true about families more than moss or pteridophytes?

Question: How many flowering plants are in APG in 1998?

Question: What are the minimum number of species of moss in the APG system?

Question: In APG III how many species of flowering plants are there?
Flowering_plant

In the dicotyledons, the bundles in the very young stem are arranged in an open ring, separating a central pith from an outer cortex. In each bundle, separating the xylem and phloem, is a layer of meristem or active formative tissue known as cambium. By the formation of a layer of cambium between the bundles (interfascicular cambium), a complete ring is formed, and a regular periodical increase in thickness results from the development of xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside. The soft phloem becomes crushed, but the hard wood persists and forms the bulk of the stem and branches of the woody perennial. Owing to differences in the character of the elements produced at the beginning and end of the season, the wood is marked out in transverse section into concentric rings, one for each season of growth, called annual rings.

Question: What shape are the bundles in the young stem of dicotyledons arranged in?
Answer: an open ring

Question: What does the cambium separate?
Answer: xylem and phloem

Question: What is a layer of meristem or formative tissue known as?
Answer: cambium

Question: What results from the development of xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside?
Answer: increase in thickness

Question: What's another name for the concentric rings in trees?
Answer: annual rings

Question: What is formed  when a layer of dicotyledons is formed between the bundles?

Question: What causes a regular increase in young stems?

Question: What happens when the annual rings are crushed?

Question: How is soft phloem marked for each growth season?

Question: How are bundles in young stems arranged in branches?
Flowering_plant

The characteristic feature of angiosperms is the flower. Flowers show remarkable variation in form and elaboration, and provide the most trustworthy external characteristics for establishing relationships among angiosperm species. The function of the flower is to ensure fertilization of the ovule and development of fruit containing seeds. The floral apparatus may arise terminally on a shoot or from the axil of a leaf (where the petiole attaches to the stem). Occasionally, as in violets, a flower arises singly in the axil of an ordinary foliage-leaf. More typically, the flower-bearing portion of the plant is sharply distinguished from the foliage-bearing or vegetative portion, and forms a more or less elaborate branch-system called an inflorescence.

Question: What is the defining feature of angiosperms?
Answer: flower

Question: What characteristic flowers show variation in?
Answer: form and elaboration

Question: What do flowers provide the best external feature for doing?
Answer: establishing relationships among angiosperm species

Question: What is it the function of the flower to ensure fertilization of?
Answer: the ovule

Question: What is the name of a branch system?
Answer: inflorescence

Question: What is a main feature of vegatative portion of a plant?

Question: What does the foliage-bearing part of the plant form to bear flowers?

Question: What are some things that an elaborate branch system shows?

Question: What does fruit with seeds provide to establish relationships among species?

Question: What is the function of the petiole?
Flowering_plant

The flower may consist only of these parts, as in willow, where each flower comprises only a few stamens or two carpels. Usually, other structures are present and serve to protect the sporophylls and to form an envelope attractive to pollinators. The individual members of these surrounding structures are known as sepals and petals (or tepals in flowers such as Magnolia where sepals and petals are not distinguishable from each other). The outer series (calyx of sepals) is usually green and leaf-like, and functions to protect the rest of the flower, especially the bud. The inner series (corolla of petals) is, in general, white or brightly colored, and is more delicate in structure. It functions to attract insect or bird pollinators. Attraction is effected by color, scent, and nectar, which may be secreted in some part of the flower. The characteristics that attract pollinators account for the popularity of flowers and flowering plants among humans.

Question: What is a willow's flower comprised of?
Answer: only a few stamens or two carpels

Question: What have some structures evolved to protect?
Answer: the sporophylls

Question: Individual members of enveloping structures are known by what terms?
Answer: sepals and petals

Question: What appearance are calyx of sepals typically?
Answer: green and leaf-like

Question: The features of flowers which attract pollinators also attract what other creature?
Answer: humans

Question: What do sporophylls form that is attractive to pollinators?

Question: In what flower are stamens and sporophylls not able to be distinguished from each other?

Question: What do corolla of petals function to protect?

Question: What color is the more delicate willow?

Question: What characteristics of the flower attract sporophylls?
Flowering_plant

While the majority of flowers are perfect or hermaphrodite (having both pollen and ovule producing parts in the same flower structure), flowering plants have developed numerous morphological and physiological mechanisms to reduce or prevent self-fertilization. Heteromorphic flowers have short carpels and long stamens, or vice versa, so animal pollinators cannot easily transfer pollen to the pistil (receptive part of the carpel). Homomorphic flowers may employ a biochemical (physiological) mechanism called self-incompatibility to discriminate between self and non-self pollen grains. In other species, the male and female parts are morphologically separated, developing on different flowers.

Question: What sexual feature do a majority of flowers demonstrate?
Answer: hermaphrodite

Question: Why did flowering plants develop numerous morphological and physiological mechanisms?
Answer: reduce or prevent self-fertilization

Question: Why are a heteromorphic flower's carpels and stamens different lengths?
Answer: so animal pollinators cannot easily transfer pollen to the pistil

Question: What type of mechanism might homomorphic flowers use to tell the difference between foreign and self pollen grains?
Answer: biochemical

Question: How are some male and female parts separated for some species?
Answer: different flowers

Question: What feature do a majority of biochemical mechanisms have?

Question: What do hermaphrodite flowers use to discriminate between self and non-self pollination?

Question: What happens to male and female parts of carpels that are hermaphrodites?

Question: Why did long stamens develop numerous morphological and physiological mechanisms?

Question: What do homomorphic flowers have to make it harder to be pollinated by animals?
Flowering_plant

Double fertilization refers to a process in which two sperm cells fertilize cells in the ovary. This process begins when a pollen grain adheres to the stigma of the pistil (female reproductive structure), germinates, and grows a long pollen tube. While this pollen tube is growing, a haploid generative cell travels down the tube behind the tube nucleus. The generative cell divides by mitosis to produce two haploid (n) sperm cells. As the pollen tube grows, it makes its way from the stigma, down the style and into the ovary. Here the pollen tube reaches the micropyle of the ovule and digests its way into one of the synergids, releasing its contents (which include the sperm cells). The synergid that the cells were released into degenerates and one sperm makes its way to fertilize the egg cell, producing a diploid (2n) zygote. The second sperm cell fuses with both central cell nuclei, producing a triploid (3n) cell. As the zygote develops into an embryo, the triploid cell develops into the endosperm, which serves as the embryo's food supply. The ovary now will develop into fruit and the ovule will develop into seed.

Question: What process does double fertilization refer to?
Answer: two sperm cells fertilize cells in the ovary

Question: What does a pollen grain adhere to, to start the process of double fertilization?
Answer: the stigma of the pistil

Question: What type of cell travels down the pollen tube while it's growing?
Answer: haploid generative

Question: Where does the pollen tube release its sperm cells?
Answer: one of the synergids

Question: What serves as the embryo's food supply?
Answer: endosperm

Question: When a pollen tube fertilizes cells in the ovary, what is it called?

Question: What begins the process of synergid?

Question: What does a sperm cell adhere to to start double fertilization?

Question: What degenerates as a pollen grain adheres to the stigma?

Question: What does the zygote fuse with to produce a triploid?
Flowering_plant

The character of the seed coat bears a definite relation to that of the fruit. They protect the embryo and aid in dissemination; they may also directly promote germination. Among plants with indehiscent fruits, in general, the fruit provides protection for the embryo and secures dissemination. In this case, the seed coat is only slightly developed. If the fruit is dehiscent and the seed is exposed, in general, the seed-coat is well developed, and must discharge the functions otherwise executed by the fruit.

Question: The appearance of the seed coat bears a definite relation to that of what?
Answer: the fruit

Question: What does the seed coat protect?
Answer: embryo

Question: What does the fruit of the flower secure?
Answer: dissemination

Question: How developed is the seed coat when it's used for dissemination?
Answer: slightly

Question: What is the embryo character related to?

Question: What do dehiscent fruits directly promote?

Question: What does the exposed seed protect?

Question: What does the embryo in an indehiscent fruit secure?

Question: What must a indehiscent fruit do that is usually done by the fruit?
Flowering_plant

Agriculture is almost entirely dependent on angiosperms, which provide virtually all plant-based food, and also provide a significant amount of livestock feed. Of all the families of plants, the Poaceae, or grass family (grains), is by far the most important, providing the bulk of all feedstocks (rice, corn — maize, wheat, barley, rye, oats, pearl millet, sugar cane, sorghum). The Fabaceae, or legume family, comes in second place. Also of high importance are the Solanaceae, or nightshade family (potatoes, tomatoes, and peppers, among others), the Cucurbitaceae, or gourd family (also including pumpkins and melons), the Brassicaceae, or mustard plant family (including rapeseed and the innumerable varieties of the cabbage species Brassica oleracea), and the Apiaceae, or parsley family. Many of our fruits come from the Rutaceae, or rue family (including oranges, lemons, grapefruits, etc.), and the Rosaceae, or rose family (including apples, pears, cherries, apricots, plums, etc.).

Question: On what is agriculture almost completely dependent?
Answer: angiosperms

Question: What family of plants is most important for human sustenance?
Answer: Poaceae

Question: What is the more common name of the Fabaceae?
Answer: legume

Question: What family do potatoes, tomatoes and peppers belong to?
Answer: Solanaceae

Question: What family would you find cherries in?
Answer: Rosaceae

Question: What does the legume family provide as the most important of all the plant families?

Question: What is the more common name of the Solanaceae family that is second place?

Question: What does the rue family provide that is needed for livestock?

Question: What are some examples of what the nightshade family provides as the most important group?

Question: What does the rue family provide that makes it one group of high importance?
Flowering_plant

Traditionally, the flowering plants are divided into two groups, which in the Cronquist system are called Magnoliopsida (at the rank of class, formed from the family name Magnoliaceae) and Liliopsida (at the rank of class, formed from the family name Liliaceae). Other descriptive names allowed by Article 16 of the ICBN include Dicotyledones or Dicotyledoneae, and Monocotyledones or Monocotyledoneae, which have a long history of use. In English a member of either group may be called a dicotyledon (plural dicotyledons) and monocotyledon (plural monocotyledons), or abbreviated, as dicot (plural dicots) and monocot (plural monocots). These names derive from the observation that the dicots most often have two cotyledons, or embryonic leaves, within each seed. The monocots usually have only one, but the rule is not absolute either way. From a diagnostic point of view, the number of cotyledons is neither a particularly handy nor a reliable character.

Question: What do monocots usually have two of within each seed?

Question: According to the Cronquist system how is the number of cotyledons viewed?

Question: What other descriptive names are allowed by the English system?

Question: How many groups are flowering plants divided into in the English system?

Question: What is one group that is used under the English system?
Hyderabad

Archaeologists excavating near the city have unearthed Iron Age sites that may date from 500 BCE. The region comprising modern Hyderabad and its surroundings was known as Golkonda (Golla Konda-"shepherd's hill"), and was ruled by the Chalukya dynasty from 624 CE to 1075 CE. Following the dissolution of the Chalukya empire into four parts in the 11th century, Golkonda came under the control of the Kakatiya dynasty from 1158, whose seat of power was at Warangal, 148 km (92 mi) northeast of modern Hyderabad.

Question: There may be Iron Age findings near Hyderabad, what age are they thought to be from?
Answer: 500 BCE

Question: What was the Hyderabad region known as under the Chalukya dynasty?
Answer: Golkonda (Golla Konda-"shepherd's hill")

Question: What time period did the Chalukya dynasty rule the Hyderabad region?
Answer: 624 CE to 1075 CE

Question: When did the Calukya empire split into four?
Answer: the 11th century

Question: What was the capital of Golkonda in the mid 12th century?
Answer: Warangal
Hyderabad

The Kakatiya dynasty was reduced to a vassal of the Khilji dynasty in 1310 after its defeat by Sultan Alauddin Khilji of the Delhi Sultanate. This lasted until 1321, when the Kakatiya dynasty was annexed by Malik Kafur, Allaudin Khilji's general. During this period, Alauddin Khilji took the Koh-i-Noor diamond, which is said to have been mined from the Kollur Mines of Golkonda, to Delhi. Muhammad bin Tughluq succeeded to the Delhi sultanate in 1325, bringing Warangal under the rule of the Tughlaq dynasty until 1347 when Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, a governor under bin Tughluq, rebelled against Delhi and established the Bahmani Sultanate in the Deccan Plateau, with Gulbarga, 200 km (124 mi) west of Hyderabad, as its capital. The Bahmani kings ruled the region until 1518 and were the first independent Muslim rulers of the Deccan.

Question: Who defeated the Kakatiya dynasty in 1310?
Answer: Sultan Alauddin Khilji

Question: Which entity subsumed the Kakatiya dynasty?
Answer: Khilji dynasty

Question: What did the Malik Kafur do to the Kakatiya dynasty in 1321?
Answer: the Kakatiya dynasty was annexed

Question: In what year did Muhammad bin Tughluq succeed the Delhi sultanate?
Answer: 1325

Question: When was the Behmani Sultanate established?
Answer: 1347
Hyderabad

Sultan Quli, a governor of Golkonda, revolted against the Bahmani Sultanate and established the Qutb Shahi dynasty in 1518; he rebuilt the mud-fort of Golconda and named the city "Muhammad nagar". The fifth sultan, Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, established Hyderabad on the banks of the Musi River in 1591, to avoid the water shortages experienced at Golkonda. During his rule, he had the Charminar and Mecca Masjid built in the city. On 21 September 1687, the Golkonda Sultanate came under the rule of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb after a year-long siege of the Golkonda fort. The annexed area was renamed Deccan Suba (Deccan province) and the capital was moved from Golkonda to Aurangabad, about 550 km (342 mi) northwest of Hyderabad.

Question: What position did Sultan Quli hold?
Answer: governor of Golkonda

Question: Whom did Sultan Quli rebel against?
Answer: the Bahmani Sultanate

Question: In what year did the establishment of the Qutb dynasty occur?
Answer: 1518

Question: When was Hyderabad founded?
Answer: 1591

Question: In the late 17th century the capital of Deccan Suba was moved, to where?
Answer: Aurangabad
Hyderabad

In 1713 Farrukhsiyar, the Mughal emperor, appointed Asif Jah I to be Viceroy of the Deccan, with the title Nizam-ul-Mulk (Administrator of the Realm). In 1724, Asif Jah I defeated Mubariz Khan to establish autonomy over the Deccan Suba, named the region Hyderabad Deccan, and started what came to be known as the Asif Jahi dynasty. Subsequent rulers retained the title Nizam ul-Mulk and were referred to as Asif Jahi Nizams, or Nizams of Hyderabad. The death of Asif Jah I in 1748 resulted in a period of political unrest as his sons, backed by opportunistic neighbouring states and colonial foreign forces, contended for the throne. The accession of Asif Jah II, who reigned from 1762 to 1803, ended the instability. In 1768 he signed the treaty of Masulipatnam, surrendering the coastal region to the East India Company in return for a fixed annual rent.

Question: What position did Farrukhsiyar hold?
Answer: emperor

Question: Who was the Viceroy of the Deccan under Farrukhsiyar?
Answer: Asif Jah I

Question: What official title did the Viceroy of Deccan hold?
Answer: Nizam-ul-Mulk (Administrator of the Realm)

Question: In what year was Mubariz Khan defeated by Asif Jah I?
Answer: 1724

Question: What did Asif Jah I rename Deccan Suba to?
Answer: Hyderabad Deccan
Hyderabad

In 1769 Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. In response to regular threats from Hyder Ali (Dalwai of Mysore), Baji Rao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire), and Basalath Jung (Asif Jah II's elder brother, who was supported by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau), the Nizam signed a subsidiary alliance with the East India Company in 1798, allowing the British Indian Army to occupy Bolarum (modern Secunderabad) to protect the state's borders, for which the Nizams paid an annual maintenance to the British.

Question: In what year did Hyderabad become the capital of Nizams?
Answer: 1769

Question: Whom did the Nizam ally with in the late 18th century?
Answer: East India Company

Question: Which military occupied Hyderabad city in a protection role?
Answer: British Indian Army

Question: What was the title of Baji Rao I?
Answer: Peshwa of the Maratha Empire

Question: What was the title of Hyder Ali?
Answer: Dalwai of Mysore
Hyderabad

After India gained independence, the Nizam declared his intention to remain independent rather than become part of the Indian Union. The Hyderabad State Congress, with the support of the Indian National Congress and the Communist Party of India, began agitating against Nizam VII in 1948. On 17 September that year, the Indian Army took control of Hyderabad State after an invasion codenamed Operation Polo. With the defeat of his forces, Nizam VII capitulated to the Indian Union by signing an Instrument of Accession, which made him the Rajpramukh (Princely Governor) of the state until 31 October 1956. Between 1946 and 1951, the Communist Party of India fomented the Telangana uprising against the feudal lords of the Telangana region. The Constitution of India, which became effective on 26 January 1950, made Hyderabad State one of the part B states of India, with Hyderabad city continuing to be the capital. In his 1955 report Thoughts on Linguistic States, B. R. Ambedkar, then chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution, proposed designating the city of Hyderabad as the second capital of India because of its amenities and strategic central location. Since 1956, the Rashtrapati Nilayam in Hyderabad has been the second official residence and business office of the President of India; the President stays once a year in winter and conducts official business particularly relating to Southern India.

Question: On what date did the Indian Army take control of Hyderabad?
Answer: 1948. On 17 September

Question: What was the code name for the Indian Army invasion of Hyderabad?
Answer: Operation Polo

Question: Which Nizam defeated by the Indian Army?
Answer: Nizam VII

Question: Which uprising occurred from 1946 to 1951?
Answer: the Telangana uprising

Question: On what date did the constitution of India become active?
Answer: 26 January 1950
Hyderabad

The Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare is responsible for planning, implementation and monitoring of all facilities related to health and preventive services. As of 2010[update]–11, the city had 50 government hospitals, 300 private and charity hospitals and 194 nursing homes providing around 12,000 hospital beds, fewer than half the required 25,000. For every 10,000 people in the city, there are 17.6 hospital beds, 9 specialist doctors, 14 nurses and 6 physicians. The city also has about 4,000 individual clinics and 500 medical diagnostic centres. Private clinics are preferred by many residents because of the distance to, poor quality of care at and long waiting times in government facilities,:60–61 despite the high proportion of the city's residents being covered by government health insurance: 24% according to a National Family Health Survey in 2005.:41 As of 2012[update], many new private hospitals of various sizes were opened or being built. Hyderabad also has outpatient and inpatient facilities that use Unani, homeopathic and Ayurvedic treatments.

Question: Which agency is in charge of health and wellness services in Hyderabad?
Answer: Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare

Question: How many government hospitals did Hyderabad have in 2010?
Answer: 50

Question: How many beds are available in all of Hyderabad's hospitals and nursing homes combined?
Answer: 12,000

Question: How many nurses per 10,000 persons are there in Hyderabad?
Answer: 14 nurses

Question: People choose to use what type of facility due to long distances and poor care at Government hospitals? 
Answer: Private clinics
Hyderabad

When the GHMC was created in 2007, the area occupied by the municipality increased from 175 km2 (68 sq mi) to 650 km2 (250 sq mi). Consequently, the population increased by 87%, from 3,637,483 in the 2001 census to 6,809,970 in the 2011 census, 24% of which are migrants from elsewhere in India,:2 making Hyderabad the nation's fourth most populous city. As of 2011[update], the population density is 18,480/km2 (47,900/sq mi). At the same 2011 census, the Hyderabad Urban Agglomeration had a population of 7,749,334, making it the sixth most populous urban agglomeration in the country. The population of the Hyderabad urban agglomeration has since been estimated by electoral officials to be 9.1 million as of early 2013 but is expected to exceed 10 million by the end of the year. There are 3,500,802 male and 3,309,168 female citizens—a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 926 per 1000. Among children aged 0–6 years, 373,794 are boys and 352,022 are girls—a ratio of 942 per 1000. Literacy stands at 82.96% (male 85.96%; female 79.79%), higher than the national average of 74.04%. The socio-economic strata consist of 20% upper class, 50% middle class and 30% working class.

Question: What was the area of Hyderabad before the GHMC?
Answer: 175 km2 (68 sq mi)

Question: What was the population of Hyderabad in the 2011 census?
Answer: 6,809,970

Question: What was the population density in Hyderabad in 2011?
Answer: 18,480/km2 (47,900/sq mi)

Question: How many females were in Hyderabad for the 2011 census?
Answer: 3,309,168

Question: What is the literacy rate of Hyderabad?
Answer: 82.96%
Hyderabad

Many historic and tourist sites lie in south central Hyderabad, such as the Charminar, the Mecca Masjid, the Salar Jung Museum, the Nizam's Museum, the Falaknuma Palace, and the traditional retail corridor comprising the Pearl Market, Laad Bazaar and Madina Circle. North of the river are hospitals, colleges, major railway stations and business areas such as Begum Bazaar, Koti, Abids, Sultan Bazaar and Moazzam Jahi Market, along with administrative and recreational establishments such as the Reserve Bank of India, the Telangana Secretariat, the Hyderabad Mint, the Telangana Legislature, the Public Gardens, the Nizam Club, the Ravindra Bharathi, the State Museum, the Birla Temple and the Birla Planetarium.

Question: In what region of Hyderabad is Mecca Masjid?
Answer: south central Hyderabad

Question: On what side of the river is Begum Bazaar?
Answer: North

Question: South central Hyderabad is generally the home to what attractions?
Answer: historic and tourist sites
Hyderabad

Among the oldest surviving examples of Nizam architecture in Hyderabad is the Chowmahalla Palace, which was the seat of royal power. It showcases a diverse array of architectural styles, from the Baroque Harem to its Neoclassical royal court. The other palaces include Falaknuma Palace (inspired by the style of Andrea Palladio), Purani Haveli, King Kothi and Bella Vista Palace all of which were built at the peak of Nizam rule in the 19th century. During Mir Osman Ali Khan's rule, European styles, along with Indo-Islamic, became prominent. These styles are reflected in the Falaknuma Palace and many civic monuments such as the Hyderabad High Court, Osmania Hospital, Osmania University, the State Central Library, City College, the Telangana Legislature, the State Archaeology Museum, Jubilee Hall, and Hyderabad and Kachiguda railway stations. Other landmarks of note are Paigah Palace, Asman Garh Palace, Basheer Bagh Palace, Errum Manzil and the Spanish Mosque, all constructed by the Paigah family.:16–17

Question: The Chowmahalla Palace represents what type of architecture?
Answer: Nizam architecture

Question: The royal court of Chowmahalla palace is an example what style of architecture?
Answer: Neoclassical

Question: Which palace in Hyderabad did the work of Andrea Palladio influence?
Answer: Falaknuma Palace

Question: What century was Bella Vista Palace built?
Answer: 19th century

Question: Which family constructed the Basheer Bagh Palace?
Answer: Paigah family
Hyderabad

Hyderabad's role in the pearl trade has given it the name "City of Pearls" and up until the 18th century, the city was also the only global trading centre for large diamonds. Industrialisation began under the Nizams in the late 19th century, helped by railway expansion that connected the city with major ports. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Indian enterprises, such as Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC), Bharat Electronics (BEL), Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), State Bank of Hyderabad (SBH) and Andhra Bank (AB) were established in the city. The city is home to Hyderabad Securities formerly known as Hyderabad Stock Exchange (HSE), and houses the regional office of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). In 2013, the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) facility in Hyderabad was forecast to provide operations and transactions services to BSE-Mumbai by the end of 2014. The growth of the financial services sector has helped Hyderabad evolve from a traditional manufacturing city to a cosmopolitan industrial service centre. Since the 1990s, the growth of information technology (IT), IT-enabled services (ITES), insurance and financial institutions has expanded the service sector, and these primary economic activities have boosted the ancillary sectors of trade and commerce, transport, storage, communication, real estate and retail.

Question: In the 18th century there was one global trading hub for large diamonds, what was it?
Answer: Hyderabad

Question: When did railway expansion in Hyderabad occur?
Answer: the late 19th century

Question: During what era was The Defence Research and Development Organisation founded?
Answer: From the 1950s to the 1970s

Question: What did the Hyderabad Stock Exchange come to be known as?
Answer: Hyderabad Securities

Question: At the end of 2014 what entity would handle the the transaction services for BSE-Mumbai?
Answer: Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)
Hyderabad

Hyderabad has continued with these traditions in its annual Hyderabad Literary Festival, held since 2010, showcasing the city's literary and cultural creativity. Organisations engaged in the advancement of literature include the Sahitya Akademi, the Urdu Academy, the Telugu Academy, the National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, the Comparative Literature Association of India, and the Andhra Saraswata Parishad. Literary development is further aided by state institutions such as the State Central Library, the largest public library in the state which was established in 1891, and other major libraries including the Sri Krishna Devaraya Andhra Bhasha Nilayam, the British Library and the Sundarayya Vignana Kendram.

Question: In what year did the Hyderabad Literary Festival start?
Answer: 2010

Question: In what year was the biggest public library in Hyderabad created?
Answer: 1891

Question: What is the name of the largest public library in Hyderabad?
Answer: State Central Library

Question: What is one of the activities Telugu Academy is credited with encouraging?
Answer: the advancement of literature
Hyderabad

South Indian music and dances such as the Kuchipudi and Bharatanatyam styles are popular in the Deccan region. As a result of their culture policies, North Indian music and dance gained popularity during the rule of the Mughals and Nizams, and it was also during their reign that it became a tradition among the nobility to associate themselves with tawaif (courtesans). These courtesans were revered as the epitome of etiquette and culture, and were appointed to teach singing, poetry and classical dance to many children of the aristocracy. This gave rise to certain styles of court music, dance and poetry. Besides western and Indian popular music genres such as filmi music, the residents of Hyderabad play city-based marfa music, dholak ke geet (household songs based on local Folklore), and qawwali, especially at weddings, festivals and other celebratory events. The state government organises the Golconda Music and Dance Festival, the Taramati Music Festival and the Premavathi Dance Festival to further encourage the development of music.

Question: What is the Deccan region known for culturally?
Answer: music and dances such as the Kuchipudi and Bharatanatyam

Question: During the rule of what two groups did dance and music from North India become popular?
Answer: the Mughals and Nizams

Question: What is a tawaif?
Answer: courtesans

Question: What kind of music is dholak ke geet?
Answer: songs based on local Folklore

Question: What entity is responsible for the Taramati Music Festival?
Answer: The state government
Hyderabad

There are 13 universities in Hyderabad: two private universities, two deemed universities, six state universities and three central universities. The central universities are the University of Hyderabad, Maulana Azad National Urdu University and the English and Foreign Languages University. Osmania University, established in 1918, was the first university in Hyderabad and as of 2012[update] is India's second most popular institution for international students. The Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Open University, established in 1982, is the first distance learning open university in India.

Question: How many universities are in Hyderabad?
Answer: 13

Question: Of the universities in Hyderabad how many are state run?
Answer: six

Question: Maulana Azad National Urdu University is a type of university that represents what type of university?
Answer: central universities

Question: What year was Osmania University formed?
Answer: 1918

Question: In 1982 the first long distance university was opened in India, what is it's name?
Answer: The Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Open University
Hyderabad

Institutes in Hyderabad include the National Institute of Rural Development, the Indian School of Business, the Institute of Public Enterprise, the Administrative Staff College of India and the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy. Technical and engineering schools include the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad (IIITH), Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Hyderabad (BITS Hyderabad) and Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad (IIT-H) as well as agricultural engineering institutes such as the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and the Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University. Hyderabad also has schools of fashion design including Raffles Millennium International, NIFT Hyderabad and Wigan and Leigh College. The National Institute of Design, Hyderabad (NID-H), will offer undergraduate and postgraduate courses from 2015.

Question: What type of school is Raffles Millennium International?
Answer: fashion design

Question: What is the school otherwise known as IIT-H?
Answer: Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad

Question: There is a research institute in Hyderabad known as ICRISAT, what does the acronym represent?
Answer: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

Question: What type of is Wigan and Leigh College?
Answer: fashion design
Hyderabad

International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton players S. M. Arif, Pullela Gopichand, Saina Nehwal, P. V. Sindhu, Jwala Gutta and Chetan Anand; hockey players Syed Mohammad Hadi and Mukesh Kumar; rifle shooters Gagan Narang and Asher Noria and bodybuilder Mir Mohtesham Ali Khan.

Question: Ghulam Ahmed and Shivlal Yadav are what kind of sportsmen?
Answer: cricketers

Question: What sport does Sania Mirza play?
Answer: tennis

Question: Gagan Narang does what sporting activity?
Answer: rifle shooters

Question: Who is a notable bodybuilder from Hyderabad?
Answer: Mir Mohtesham Ali Khan

Question: Pullela Gopichand and Saina Nehwal are known in Hyderabad for being what?
Answer: badminton players
Santa_Monica,_California

Santa Monica is a beachfront city in western Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city is named after the Christian saint, Monica. Situated on Santa Monica Bay, it is bordered on three sides by the city of Los Angeles – Pacific Palisades to the north, Brentwood on the northeast, Sawtelle on the east, Mar Vista on the southeast, and Venice on the south. Santa Monica is well known for its affluent single-family neighborhoods but also has many neighborhoods consisting primarily of condominiums and apartments. Over two-thirds of Santa Monica's residents are renters. The Census Bureau population for Santa Monica in 2010 was 89,736.

Question: What type of city is Santa Monica?
Answer: beachfront

Question: What part of Los Angeles County is it located in?
Answer: western

Question: What is Santa Monica named after?
Answer: Christian saint, Monica

Question: Approximately how many residents of Santa Monica rent their property?
Answer: two-thirds

Question: What was the population in 2010 according to the Census Bureau?
Answer: 89,736

Question: How many renters are there in Santa Monica?

Question: What lies to the west of Santa Monica?

Question: How many condominiums are there in Santa Monica?

Question: What's the population of Brentwood?

Question: What type of city is Pacific Palisades?
Santa_Monica,_California

Santa Monica was long inhabited by the Tongva people. Santa Monica was called Kecheek in the Tongva language. The first non-indigenous group to set foot in the area was the party of explorer Gaspar de Portolà, who camped near the present day intersection of Barrington and Ohio Avenues on August 3, 1769. There are two different versions of the naming of the city. One says that it was named in honor of the feast day of Saint Monica (mother of Saint Augustine), but her feast day is actually May 4. Another version says that it was named by Juan Crespí on account of a pair of springs, the Kuruvungna Springs (Serra Springs), that were reminiscent of the tears that Saint Monica shed over her son's early impiety.

Question: What did indigenous people that lived in Santa Monica call it previously?
Answer: Kecheek

Question: What was the local population called indigenous to the Santa Monica Area?
Answer: Tongva

Question: What was the first explorers name that came in contact with the natives?
Answer: Gaspar de Portolà

Question: What day is the Santa Monica Feast held on?
Answer: May 4

Question: What date did the explorer reach Santa Monica?
Answer: August 3, 1769

Question: What language did Gaspar de Portola speak?

Question: In what year was Ohio Avenue first laid down?

Question: On what date did Saint Monica die?

Question: In what year did Juan Crespi visit the area that Santa Monica is now in?

Question: What language did Juan Crespi speak?
Santa_Monica,_California

Around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in or near Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village was located near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in both Santa Monica and Venice. The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an integral economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community.

Question: What ethic group grew in the 20th century?
Answer: Asian

Question: What type of Village was located on the Long Wharf?
Answer: Japanese fishing

Question: What other ethic minority did white american's treat poorly?
Answer: Chinese

Question: How many ethnic minorities were looked at differently in Santa Monica?
Answer: two

Question: What role did the fishing village play in Santa Monica?
Answer: economic part

Question: In what century did White Americans start living in Santa Monica?

Question: How did Japanese people treat Chinese people in Santa Monica?

Question: In what city is the Long Wharf?

Question: In what city did more Chinese people live?

Question: In what century was the Santa Monica Bay community established?
Santa_Monica,_California

Donald Wills Douglas, Sr. built a plant in 1922 at Clover Field (Santa Monica Airport) for the Douglas Aircraft Company. In 1924, four Douglas-built planes took off from Clover Field to attempt the first aerial circumnavigation of the world. Two planes made it back, after having covered 27,553 miles (44,342 km) in 175 days, and were greeted on their return September 23, 1924, by a crowd of 200,000 (generously estimated). The Douglas Company (later McDonnell Douglas) kept facilities in the city until the 1960s.

Question: Who built a plant in Clover field?
Answer: Donald Wills Douglas, Sr

Question: What company was the structure at Clover Field for?
Answer: Douglas Aircraft

Question: What did Clover Field built airplanes attempt the first of?
Answer: aerial circumnavigation of the world

Question: The Douglas Company had facilities in Santa Monica through what decade?
Answer: 1960s

Question: How Many Planes returned from the circumnavigation in 1924?
Answer: Two

Question: In what year was Donald Wills Douglas, Sr. born?

Question: How many people worked for the Douglas Company?

Question: In what year was the Douglas Company renamed as McDonnell Douglas?

Question: Who was one of the pilots that flew four Douglas-built planes attempting the first aerial circumnavigation of the world?

Question: In what decade did Donald Wills Douglas, Jr. die?
Santa_Monica,_California

Douglas's business grew astronomically with the onset of World War II, employing as many as 44,000 people in 1943. To defend against air attack set designers from the Warner Brothers Studios prepared elaborate camouflage that disguised the factory and airfield. The RAND Corporation began as a project of the Douglas Company in 1945, and spun off into an independent think tank on May 14, 1948. RAND eventually acquired a 15-acre (61,000 m²) campus centrally located between the Civic Center and the pier entrance.

Question: What brought on the Douglas business's company growth?
Answer: World War II

Question: How many people did the company employ in 1943?
Answer: 44,000

Question: The company used camouflage from what designers?
Answer: Warner Brothers Studios

Question: What was the camouflage designed to do?
Answer: defend against air attack

Question: What company started as a project in 1945?
Answer: RAND

Question: How many people worked for Warner Brothers Studio?

Question: In what year was the Douglas Company founded?

Question: In what year did World War II end?

Question: How big was Warner Brother Studios' campus?

Question: How many people were employed by RAND?