Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
University_of_Notre_Dame

The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.

Question: What was Notre Dame's first college?
Answer: The College of Arts and Letters

Question: In what year was the The College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame created?
Answer: 1842

Question: In what year did the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame grant its first degree?
Answer: 1849

Question: On which university did Notre Dame base its curriculum on?
Answer: Saint Louis University

Question: How many BA majors does the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame offer?
Answer: 33
University_of_Notre_Dame

The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.

Question: Which president at Notre Dame created the College of Science?
Answer: Father Patrick Dillon

Question: In what year was the Notre Dame College of Science formed?
Answer: 1865

Question: How many years long was a scientific course under Patrick Dillon at Notre Dame?
Answer: six years

Question: Which hall at Notre Dame contains the current College of Science?
Answer: Jordan Hall of Science

Question: How many undergrad students attend the College of Science at Notre Dame today?
Answer: over 1,200
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The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.

Question: In 1899 Notre Dame formed which college?
Answer: School of Architecture

Question: In what building is the current School of Architecture housed at Notre Dame?
Answer: Bond Hall

Question: What length is the course of study at the Notre Dame School of Architecture?
Answer: five-year

Question: In which location do students of the School of Architecture of Notre Dame spend their 3rd year?
Answer: Rome

Question: Which prestigious prize does the School of Architecture at Notre Dame give out?
Answer: Driehaus Architecture Prize
University_of_Notre_Dame

The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively.

Question: In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed?
Answer: 1920

Question: Before the creation of the College of Engineering similar studies were carried out at which Notre Dame college?
Answer: the College of Science

Question: How many departments are within the Stinson-Remick Hall of Engineering?
Answer: five

Question: How many BS level degrees are offered in the College of Engineering at Notre Dame?
Answer: eight

Question: The College of Science began to offer civil engineering courses beginning at what time at Notre Dame?
Answer: the 1870s
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All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding.

Question: How many colleges for undergraduates are at Notre Dame?
Answer: five

Question: What was created at Notre Dame in 1962 to assist first year students?
Answer: The First Year of Studies program

Question: What entity provides help with the management of time for new students at Notre Dame?
Answer: Learning Resource Center

Question: Which organization declared the First Year of Studies program at Notre Dame "outstanding?"
Answer: U.S. News & World Report
University_of_Notre_Dame

The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LL.M.) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with a thesis not required to receive the degrees. This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. Today each of the five colleges offer graduate education. Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhD programs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs including MBA and Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years.

Question: In what year was a Master of Arts course first offered at Notre Dame?
Answer: 1854

Question: The granting of Doctorate degrees first occurred in what year at Notre Dame?
Answer: 1924

Question: What type of degree is an M.Div.?
Answer: Master of Divinity

Question: Which department at Notre Dame is the only one to not offer a PhD program?
Answer: Department of Pre-Professional Studies

Question: Which program at Notre Dame offers a Master of Education degree?
Answer: Alliance for Catholic Education
University_of_Notre_Dame

The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices.

Question: What institute at Notre Dame studies  the reasons for violent conflict?
Answer: Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies

Question: In what year was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded?
Answer: 1986

Question: To whom was John B. Kroc married?
Answer: Ray Kroc

Question: What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh?
Answer: President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame

Question: What company did Ray Kroc own?
Answer: McDonald's
University_of_Notre_Dame

The library system of the university is divided between the main library and each of the colleges and schools. The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown.

Question: How many stories tall is the main library at Notre Dame?
Answer: 14

Question: What is the name of the main library at Notre Dame?
Answer: Theodore M. Hesburgh Library

Question: In what year was the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library at Notre Dame finished?
Answer: 1963

Question: Which artist created the mural on the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library?
Answer: Millard Sheets

Question: What is a common name to reference the mural created by Millard Sheets at Notre Dame?
Answer: Touchdown Jesus
University_of_Notre_Dame

The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.

Question: In what year did the opening of a theology library at Notre Dame occur?
Answer: 2015

Question: Where is the theology library at Notre Dame?
Answer: the first floor of Stanford Hall

Question: How many books are held by the Notre Dame libraries?
Answer: over three million volumes

Question: Currently where does Notre Dame's library rank in the nation?
Answer: one of the 100 largest
University_of_Notre_Dame

Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture.

Question: What percentage of students were admitted to Notre Dame in fall 2015?
Answer: 19.7%

Question: How many incoming students did Notre Dame admit in fall 2015?
Answer: 3,577

Question: Where does Notre Dame rank in terms of academic profile among research universities in the US?
Answer: the top 10 to 15 in the nation

Question: What percentage of students at Notre Dame participated in the Early Action program?
Answer: 39.1%

Question: How many miles does the average student at Notre Dame travel to study there?
Answer: more than 750 miles
University_of_Notre_Dame

In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group.

Question: Where did U.S. News & World Report rank Notre Dame in its 2015-2016 university rankings?
Answer: 18th overall

Question: In 2014 what entity named Notre Dame 10th best of all American universities?
Answer: USA Today

Question: Forbes.com placed Notre Dame at what position compared to other US research universities?
Answer: 8th

Question: The undergrad school at the Mendoza College of Business was ranked where according to BusinessWeek?
Answer: 1st overall

Question: What percentage of Notre Dame students decide to study abroad?
Answer: 57.6%
University_of_Notre_Dame

Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon.

Question: What person was the Director of the Science Museum at Notre Dame in the late 19th century?
Answer: Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C.

Question: What professorship did Father Josh Carrier hold at Notre Dame?
Answer: Professor of Chemistry and Physics

Question: What was the lifespan of John Augustine Zahm?
Answer: 1851–1921

Question: What program did John Augustine Zahm come to co-direct at Nore Dame?
Answer: the Science Department

Question: What book did John Zahm write in 1896?
Answer: Evolution and Dogma
University_of_Notre_Dame

In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics.

Question: What did the brother of John Zahm construct at Notre Dame?
Answer: an early wind tunnel

Question: In what year did Albert Zahm begin comparing aeronatical models at Notre Dame?
Answer: 1882

Question: Which professor sent the first wireless message in the USA?
Answer: Professor Jerome Green

Question: In what year did Jerome Green send his first wireless message?
Answer: Around 1899

Question: Which individual worked on projects at Notre Dame that eventually created neoprene?
Answer: Father Julius Nieuwland
University_of_Notre_Dame

The Lobund Institute grew out of pioneering research in germ-free-life which began in 1928. This area of research originated in a question posed by Pasteur as to whether animal life was possible without bacteria. Though others had taken up this idea, their research was short lived and inconclusive. Lobund was the first research organization to answer definitively, that such life is possible and that it can be prolonged through generations. But the objective was not merely to answer Pasteur's question but also to produce the germ free animal as a new tool for biological and medical research. This objective was reached and for years Lobund was a unique center for the study and production of germ free animals and for their use in biological and medical investigations. Today the work has spread to other universities. In the beginning it was under the Department of Biology and a program leading to the master's degree accompanied the research program. In the 1940s Lobund achieved independent status as a purely research organization and in 1950 was raised to the status of an Institute. In 1958 it was brought back into the Department of Biology as integral part of that department, but with its own program leading to the degree of PhD in Gnotobiotics.

Question: Work on a germ-free-life ended up in the creation of which Notre Dame institute?
Answer: The Lobund Institute

Question: When did study of a germ-free-life begin at Notre Dame?
Answer: 1928

Question: Around what time did Lobund of Notre Dame become independent?
Answer: the 1940s

Question: In what year did Lobund at Notre Dame become an Institute?
Answer: 1950

Question: The Lobund Institute was merged into the Department of Biology at Notre Dame in what year?
Answer: 1958
University_of_Notre_Dame

The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Jacques Maritain, Frank O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition.

Question: Gurian created what in 1939 at Notre Dame?
Answer: The Review of Politics

Question: What was the Review of Politics inspired by?
Answer: German Catholic journals

Question: Over how many years did Gurian edit the Review of Politics at Notre Dame?
Answer: 44

Question: Thomas Stritch was an editor of which publican from Notre Dame?
Answer: Review of Politics
University_of_Notre_Dame

The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.

Question: What caused many intellectual Catholics to leave europe in the 1930s?
Answer: The rise of Hitler and other dictators

Question: From where did Anton-Hermann Chroust come to reach Notre Dame?
Answer: Germany

Question: What field of study did Anton-Hermann Chroust specialize in?
Answer: classics and law

Question: Who did Waldemar Gurian receive his tutelage under while seeking his doctorate?
Answer: Max Scheler

Question: What was Ivan Meštrović known for being?
Answer: a renowned sculptor
University_of_Notre_Dame

As of 2012[update] research continued in many fields. The university president, John Jenkins, described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre–eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. The university has many multi-disciplinary institutes devoted to research in varying fields, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. Recent research includes work on family conflict and child development, genome mapping, the increasing trade deficit of the United States with China, studies in fluid mechanics, computational science and engineering, and marketing trends on the Internet. As of 2013, the university is home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt.

Question: Who was the president of Notre Dame in 2012?
Answer: John Jenkins

Question: The Kellogg Institute for International Studies is part of which university?
Answer: Notre Dame

Question: What does the Kroc Institute at Notre Dame focus on?
Answer: International Peace studies

Question: In what year did Notre Dame begin to host the Global Adaptation Index?
Answer: 2013

Question: What threat does the Global Adaptation Index study?
Answer: climate change
University_of_Notre_Dame

In 2014 the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,179 students, with 8,448 undergraduates, 2,138 graduate and professional and 1,593 professional (Law, M.Div., Business, M.Ed.) students. Around 21–24% of students are children of alumni, and although 37% of students come from the Midwestern United States, the student body represents all 50 states and 100 countries. As of March 2007[update] The Princeton Review ranked the school as the fifth highest 'dream school' for parents to send their children. As of March 2015[update] The Princeton Review ranked Notre Dame as the ninth highest. The school has been previously criticized for its lack of diversity, and The Princeton Review ranks the university highly among schools at which "Alternative Lifestyles [are] Not an Alternative." It has also been commended by some diversity oriented publications; Hispanic Magazine in 2004 ranked the university ninth on its list of the top–25 colleges for Latinos, and The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education recognized the university in 2006 for raising enrollment of African-American students. With 6,000 participants, the university's intramural sports program was named in 2004 by Sports Illustrated as the best program in the country, while in 2007 The Princeton Review named it as the top school where "Everyone Plays Intramural Sports." The annual Bookstore Basketball tournament is the largest outdoor five-on-five tournament in the world with over 700 teams participating each year, while the Notre Dame Men's Boxing Club hosts the annual Bengal Bouts tournament that raises money for the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh.

Question: How many undergrads were attending Notre Dame in 2014?
Answer: 8,448

Question: What percentage of students at Notre Dame are the children of former Notre Dame students?
Answer: 21–24%

Question: How many teams participate in the Notre Dame Bookstore Basketball tournament?
Answer: over 700

Question: For what cause is money raised at the Bengal Bouts tournament at Notre Dame?
Answer: the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh

Question: How many students in total were at Notre Dame in 2014?
Answer: 12,179
University_of_Notre_Dame

About 80% of undergraduates and 20% of graduate students live on campus. The majority of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus, while all on-campus undergraduates live in one of the 29 residence halls. Because of the religious affiliation of the university, all residence halls are single-sex, with 15 male dorms and 14 female dorms. The university maintains a visiting policy (known as parietal hours) for those students who live in dormitories, specifying times when members of the opposite sex are allowed to visit other students' dorm rooms; however, all residence halls have 24-hour social spaces for students regardless of gender. Many residence halls have at least one nun and/or priest as a resident. There are no traditional social fraternities or sororities at the university, but a majority of students live in the same residence hall for all four years. Some intramural sports are based on residence hall teams, where the university offers the only non-military academy program of full-contact intramural American football. At the end of the intramural season, the championship game is played on the field in Notre Dame Stadium.

Question: What percentage of undergrads live on the Notre Dame campus?
Answer: 80%

Question: How many student housing areas are reserved for Notre Dame's graduate students?
Answer: four

Question: How many dorms for males are on the Notre Dame campus?
Answer: 15

Question: What amount of the graduate student body at Notre Dame live on the campus?
Answer: 20%

Question: There are how many dorms for females at Notre Dame?
Answer: 14
University_of_Notre_Dame

The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce, abbreviated postnominals: "CSC"). While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. Collectively, Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. There are multitudes of religious statues and artwork around campus, most prominent of which are the statue of Mary on the Main Building, the Notre Dame Grotto, and the Word of Life mural on Hesburgh Library depicting Christ as a teacher. Additionally, every classroom displays a crucifix. There are many religious clubs (catholic and non-Catholic) at the school, including Council #1477 of the Knights of Columbus (KOC), Baptist Collegiate Ministry (BCM), Jewish Club, Muslim Student Association, Orthodox Christian Fellowship, The Mormon Club, and many more. The Notre Dame KofC are known for being the first collegiate council of KofC, operating a charitable concession stand during every home football game and owning their own building on campus which can be used as a cigar lounge. Fifty-seven chapels are located throughout the campus.

Question: What is Congregation of Holy Cross in Latin?
Answer: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce

Question: What percentage of Notre Dame students feel they are Christian?
Answer: more than 93%

Question: How often is Catholic mass held at Notre Dame in a week?
Answer: over 100 times

Question: How many chapels are on the Notre Dame campus?
Answer: Fifty-seven

Question: What amount of the student body of Notre Dame identifies as Catholic?
Answer: over 80%
University_of_Notre_Dame

Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary.

Question: What sits on top of the Main Building at Notre Dame?
Answer: a golden statue of the Virgin Mary

Question: What is in front of the Notre Dame Main Building?
Answer: a copper statue of Christ

Question: The Basilica of the Sacred heart at Notre Dame is beside to which structure?
Answer: the Main Building

Question: What is the Grotto at Notre Dame?
Answer: a Marian place of prayer and reflection

Question: To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France?
Answer: Saint Bernadette Soubirous
University_of_Notre_Dame

The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching.

Question: Where is the headquarters of the Congregation of the Holy Cross?
Answer: Rome

Question: What is the primary seminary of the Congregation of the Holy Cross?
Answer: Moreau Seminary

Question: What is the oldest structure at Notre Dame?
Answer: Old College

Question: What individuals live at Fatima House at Notre Dame?
Answer: Retired priests and brothers

Question: Which prize did Frederick Buechner create?
Answer: Buechner Prize for Preaching
University_of_Notre_Dame

As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut.

Question: How many student news papers are found at Notre Dame?
Answer: three

Question: When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing?
Answer: September 1876

Question: How often is Notre Dame's the Juggler published?
Answer: twice

Question: What is the daily student paper at Notre Dame called?
Answer: The Observer

Question: In what year did the student paper Common Sense begin publication at Notre Dame?
Answer: 1987
University_of_Notre_Dame

The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.

Question: Which television station finds its home at Notre Dame?
Answer: NDtv

Question: How many programs did NDtv feature in 2002?
Answer: one show

Question: Which radio station provides radio to the students of Notre Dame at 88.9 FM?
Answer: WSND-FM

Question: Which internet radio station of Notre Dame is served as an internet stream?
Answer: WVFI
University_of_Notre_Dame

The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development located adjacent to the University of Notre Dame campus and funded by the university, broke ground on June 3, 2008. The Eddy Street Commons drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The developer, Kite Realty out of Indianapolis, has made agreements with major national chains rather than local businesses, a move that has led to criticism from alumni and students.

Question: How much is Eddy Street Commons at Notre Dame expected to cost?
Answer: $215 million

Question: When was ground broke on the Eddy Street Commons Project of Notre Dame?
Answer: June 3, 2008

Question: Who is the developer of Eddy Street Commons?
Answer: Kite Realty

Question: Which entity did Notre Dame hire to build a parking structure outside of Eddy Street Commons?
Answer: the City of South Bend

Question: There were protested as a part of the construction at Eddy Street Commons, they came due tot he hiring of whom?
Answer: non-union workers
University_of_Notre_Dame

Notre Dame teams are known as the Fighting Irish. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I, primarily competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for all sports since the 2013–14 school year. The Fighting Irish previously competed in the Horizon League from 1982-83 to 1985-86, and again from 1987-88 to 1994-95, and then in the Big East Conference through 2012–13. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, fencing, golf, lacrosse, rowing, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field and volleyball. The football team competes as an Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Independent since its inception in 1887. Both fencing teams compete in the Midwest Fencing Conference, and the men's ice hockey team competes in Hockey East.

Question: What does the acronym NCAA stand for?
Answer: National Collegiate Athletic Association

Question: Which league did Notre Dame Fighting Irish teams participate in in 1982?
Answer: Horizon League

Question: What when conference do the Notre Dame fencing teams take part in?
Answer: Midwest Fencing Conference

Question: There is a conference that the male hockey team of Notre Dame competes in, what is it?
Answer: Hockey East

Question: In what conference did the Fighting Irish take part in in 2012?
Answer: Big East Conference
University_of_Notre_Dame

Notre Dame's conference affiliations for all of its sports except football and fencing changed in July 2013 as a result of major conference realignment, and its fencing affiliation will change in July 2014. The Irish left the Big East for the ACC during a prolonged period of instability in the Big East; while they maintain their football independence, they have committed to play five games per season against ACC opponents. In ice hockey, the Irish were forced to find a new conference home after the Big Ten Conference's decision to add the sport in 2013–14 led to a cascade of conference moves that culminated in the dissolution of the school's former hockey home, the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, after the 2012–13 season. Notre Dame moved its hockey team to Hockey East. After Notre Dame joined the ACC, the conference announced it would add fencing as a sponsored sport beginning in the 2014–15 school year. There are many theories behind the adoption of the athletics moniker but it is known that the Fighting Irish name was used in the early 1920s with respect to the football team and was popularized by alumnus Francis Wallace in his New York Daily News columns. The official colors of Notre Dame are Navy Blue and Gold Rush which are worn in competition by its athletic teams. In addition, the color green is often worn because of the Fighting Irish nickname. The Notre Dame Leprechaun is the mascot of the athletic teams. Created by Theodore W. Drake in 1964, the leprechaun was first used on the football pocket schedule and later on the football program covers. The leprechaun was featured on the cover of Time in November 1964 and gained national exposure.

Question: To what conference did the Fighting Irish go after the Big East?
Answer: the ACC

Question: How many teams in each season do the Fighting Irish commit to play against ACC opponents?
Answer: five

Question: Where did the Fighting Irish hockey team compete prior to a move to Hockey East, in terms of conference?
Answer: Central Collegiate Hockey Association

Question: What colors are the official ones used by Notre Dame in sport competition?
Answer: Navy Blue and Gold Rush

Question: What type of mascot do the Notre Dame sport teams have?
Answer: Leprechaun
University_of_Notre_Dame

On July 1, 2014, the University of Notre Dame and Under Armour reached an agreement in which Under Armour will provide uniforms, apparel,equipment, and monetary compensation to Notre Dame for 10 years. This contract, worth almost $100 million, is the most lucrative in the history of the NCAA. The university marching band plays at home games for most of the sports. The band, which began in 1846 and has a claim as the oldest university band in continuous existence in the United States, was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The band regularly plays the school's fight song the Notre Dame Victory March, which was named as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois Professor William Studwell. According to College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology published in 1998, the "Notre Dame Victory March" ranks as the greatest fight song of all time.

Question: Who currently provides uniforms to Notre Dame sport teams?
Answer: Under Armour

Question: What is the value of the contract between Under Armour and Notre Dame?
Answer: almost $100 million

Question: When did the Notre Dame marching band form?
Answer: 1846

Question: What is notable about the Notre Dame marching band?
Answer: oldest university band in continuous existence in the United States

Question: What is the Notre Dame fight song?
Answer: Notre Dame Victory March
University_of_Notre_Dame

The Notre Dame football team has a long history, first beginning when the Michigan Wolverines football team brought football to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students. In the long history since then, 13 Fighting Irish teams have won consensus national championships (although the university only claims 11), along with another nine teams being named national champion by at least one source. Additionally, the program has the most members in the College Football Hall of Fame, is tied with Ohio State University with the most Heisman Trophies won, and have the highest winning percentage in NCAA history. With the long history, Notre Dame has accumulated many rivals, and its annual game against USC for the Jeweled Shillelagh has been named by some as one of the most important in college football and is often called the greatest intersectional rivalry in college football in the country.

Question: Which team did Notre Dame's football team find inspiration from?
Answer: Michigan Wolverines football team

Question: In what year did Notre Dame football begin?
Answer: 1887

Question: What university is Notre Dame tied with in terms of most Heisman Trophy winners?
Answer: Ohio State University

Question: Against which team does Notre Dame compete for the Jeweled Shillelagh?
Answer: USC

Question: In terms of Notre Dame students in the College Football Hall of Fame the amount of students named is what ?
Answer: the most
University_of_Notre_Dame

George Gipp was the school's legendary football player during 1916–20. He played semiprofessional baseball and smoked, drank, and gambled when not playing sports. He was also humble, generous to the needy, and a man of integrity. It was in 1928 that famed coach Knute Rockne used his final conversation with the dying Gipp to inspire the Notre Dame team to beat the Army team and "win one for the Gipper." The 1940 film, Knute Rockne, All American, starred Pat O'Brien as Knute Rockne and Ronald Reagan as Gipp. Today the team competes in Notre Dame Stadium, an 80,795-seat stadium on campus. The current head coach is Brian Kelly, hired from the University of Cincinnati on December 11, 2009. Kelly's record in midway through his sixth season at Notre Dame is 52–21. In 2012, Kelly's Fighting Irish squad went undefeated and played in the BCS National Championship Game. Kelly succeeded Charlie Weis, who was fired in November 2009 after five seasons. Although Weis led his team to two Bowl Championship Series bowl games, his overall record was 35–27, mediocre by Notre Dame standards, and the 2007 team had the most losses in school history. The football team generates enough revenue to operate independently while $22.1 million is retained from the team's profits for academic use. Forbes named the team as the most valuable in college football, worth a total of $101 million in 2007.

Question: What notable football player played at Notre Dame from 1916 to 1920?
Answer: George Gipp

Question: Against which opponent did Knute Rockne tell his team to "win one for the Gipper?"
Answer: the Army team

Question: Which person portrayed Knute Rockne in the 1940 movie "Knute Rockne?"
Answer: Pat O'Brien

Question: Ronald Reagan played the role of whom in 1940's "Knute Rockne?"
Answer: Gipp

Question: How many seats are in Notre Dame Stadium?
Answer: 80,795
University_of_Notre_Dame

Football gameday traditions During home games, activities occur all around campus and different dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g. Zahm House's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at the stroke of midnight with the Drummers' Circle. This tradition involves the drum line of the Band of the Fighting Irish and ushers in the rest of the festivities that will continue the rest of the gameday Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The band entire will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, from where they will march into Notre Dame Stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.

Question: What is displayed at Zahm House for football home games at Notre Dame?
Answer: two-story banner

Question: What occurs at midnight preceding a football home game at Notre Dame?
Answer: the Drummers' Circle

Question: From where does the Band of the Fighting Irish lead a march to the Notre Dame Stadium for football home games?
Answer: the steps of Bond Hall

Question: What songs does the trumpet section of the Band of the Fighting Irish play preceding home football games?
Answer: the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater

Question: On what day do Notre Dame home football games occur?
Answer: Saturday
University_of_Notre_Dame

The men's basketball team has over 1,600 wins, one of only 12 schools who have reached that mark, and have appeared in 28 NCAA tournaments. Former player Austin Carr holds the record for most points scored in a single game of the tournament with 61. Although the team has never won the NCAA Tournament, they were named by the Helms Athletic Foundation as national champions twice. The team has orchestrated a number of upsets of number one ranked teams, the most notable of which was ending UCLA's record 88-game winning streak in 1974. The team has beaten an additional eight number-one teams, and those nine wins rank second, to UCLA's 10, all-time in wins against the top team. The team plays in newly renovated Purcell Pavilion (within the Edmund P. Joyce Center), which reopened for the beginning of the 2009–2010 season. The team is coached by Mike Brey, who, as of the 2014–15 season, his fifteenth at Notre Dame, has achieved a 332-165 record. In 2009 they were invited to the NIT, where they advanced to the semifinals but were beaten by Penn State who went on and beat Baylor in the championship. The 2010–11 team concluded its regular season ranked number seven in the country, with a record of 25–5, Brey's fifth straight 20-win season, and a second-place finish in the Big East. During the 2014-15 season, the team went 32-6 and won the ACC conference tournament, later advancing to the Elite 8, where the Fighting Irish lost on a missed buzzer-beater against then undefeated Kentucky. Led by NBA draft picks Jerian Grant and Pat Connaughton, the Fighting Irish beat the eventual national champion Duke Blue Devils twice during the season. The 32 wins were the most by the Fighting Irish team since 1908-09.

Question: How many wins does the Notre Dame men's basketball team have?
Answer: over 1,600

Question: How many schools have a similar men's basketball record to Notre Dame in terms of wins?
Answer: 12

Question: How many NCAA tournaments did the Notre Dame men's basketball team take part in?
Answer: 28

Question: Which Notre Dame men's basketball player has the record for more points in one game?
Answer: Austin Carr

Question: Who was the Notre Dame men's basketball coach in 2014?
Answer: Mike Brey
University_of_Notre_Dame

The "Notre Dame Victory March" is the fight song for the University of Notre Dame. It was written by two brothers who were Notre Dame graduates. The Rev. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is, "Cheer cheer for old Notre Dame, wake up the echos cheering her name. Send a volley cheer on high, shake down the thunder from the sky! What though the odds be great or small, old Notre Dame will win over all. While her loyal sons are marching, onward to victory!"

Question: Who wrote the original lyrics to the Notre Dame Victory March?
Answer: John F. Shea

Question: In what year did Michael J. Shea graduate from Notre Dame?
Answer: 1904

Question: Who is responsible for writing the music for "Notre Dame Victory March?"
Answer: Rev. Michael J. Shea

Question: In what year did "Notre Dame Victory March" get copyrighted?
Answer: 1928

Question: To where are the loyal sons in "Notre Dame Fight Song" marching?
Answer: onward to victory