University

Early Modern universities initially continued the curriculum and research of the Middle Ages: natural philosophy, logic, medicine, theology, mathematics, astronomy (and astrology), law, grammar and rhetoric. Aristotle was prevalent throughout the curriculum, while medicine also depended on Galen and Arabic scholarship. The importance of humanism for changing this state-of-affairs cannot be underestimated. Once humanist professors joined the university faculty, they began to transform the study of grammar and rhetoric through the studia humanitatis. Humanist professors focused on the ability of students to write and speak with distinction, to translate and interpret classical texts, and to live honorable lives. Other scholars within the university were affected by the humanist approaches to learning and their linguistic expertise in relation to ancient texts, as well as the ideology that advocated the ultimate importance of those texts. Professors of medicine such as Niccolò Leoniceno, Thomas Linacre and William Cop were often trained in and taught from a humanist perspective as well as translated important ancient medical texts. The critical mindset imparted by humanism was imperative for changes in universities and scholarship. For instance, Andreas Vesalius was educated in a humanist fashion before producing a translation of Galen, whose ideas he verified through his own dissections. In law, Andreas Alciatus infused the Corpus Juris with a humanist perspective, while Jacques Cujas humanist writings were paramount to his reputation as a jurist. Philipp Melanchthon cited the works of Erasmus as a highly influential guide for connecting theology back to original texts, which was important for the reform at Protestant universities. Galileo Galilei, who taught at the Universities of Pisa and Padua, and Martin Luther, who taught at the University of Wittenberg (as did Melanchthon), also had humanist training. The task of the humanists was to slowly permeate the university; to increase the humanist presence in professorships and chairs, syllabi and textbooks so that published works would demonstrate the humanistic ideal of science and scholarship.

Question: What was the source of educational material in Early Modern age universities?
Answer: the curriculum and research of the Middle Ages

Question: What sources did Early Modern age universities rely on for medical curricula?
Answer: Galen and Arabic scholarship

Question: The concentration on students to live honorable lives is an example of what form of thought?
Answer: Humanist

Question: Niccolò Leoniceno was a professor of what subject?
Answer: medicine

Question: Which individual added a humanist view into the Corpus Juris?
Answer: Andreas Alciatus

Question: What curriculum did early modern universities deviate from?

Question: Who's curriculumn was not deeply impacted by humanism?

Question: What Greek's teachings encouraged students to live honorable lives?

Question: What did Niccolo Leoniceno ifuse Corpus Juris with?

Question: Who aggressivly infultrated the university system?

Question: What was the source of educational material in Early Modern age scholarships?

Question: What sources did Early Modern age universities rely on for Protestant curricula?

Question: The concentration on professors to live honorable lives is an example of what form of thought?

Question: Galileo Galilei was a professor of what subject?

Question: Which individual added a humanist view into the Middle Ages?