Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Asphalt

In 1838, Claridge obtained patents in Scotland on 27 March, and Ireland on 23 April, and in 1851 extensions were sought for all three patents, by the trustees of a company previously formed by Claridge. This was Claridge's Patent Asphalte Company, formed in 1838 for the purpose of introducing to Britain "Asphalte in its natural state from the mine at Pyrimont Seysell in France", and "laid one of the first asphalt pavements in Whitehall". Trials were made of the pavement in 1838 on the footway in Whitehall, the stable at Knightsbridge Barracks, "and subsequently on the space at the bottom of the steps leading from Waterloo Place to St. James Park". "The formation in 1838 of Claridge's Patent Asphalte Company (with a distinguished list of aristocratic patrons, and Marc and Isambard Brunel as, respectively, a trustee and consulting engineer), gave an enormous impetus to the development of a British asphalt industry". "By the end of 1838, at least two other companies, Robinson's and the Bastenne company, were in production", with asphalt being laid as paving at Brighton, Herne Bay, Canterbury, Kensington, the Strand, and a large floor area in Bunhill-row, while meantime Claridge's Whitehall paving "continue(d) in good order".

Question: In what year did Claridge acquire patents for the use of asphalt?
Answer: 1838

Question: From what French mine did Claridge offer asphalt?
Answer: Pyrimont Seysell

Question: What did Claridge's formation of a company with distinguished backers help inspire? 
Answer: British asphalt industry

Question: In what famous place did Claridge first begin to lay and test the use of asphalt pavement?
Answer: Whitehall

Question: By 1838 how many companies beside Claridge's were offering asphalt?
Answer: two

Question: For how many patents did Claridge seek extensions in 1822?

Question: The Canterbury Patent Asphalte Company was established in what year?

Question: Who's Patent Asphalte Company was established in 1988?

Question: What were made of the pavement in 1838 on the footway of Canterbury?
Asphalt

Canada has the world's largest deposit of natural bitumen in the Athabasca oil sands and Canadian First Nations along the Athabasca River had long used it to waterproof their canoes. In 1719, a Cree Indian named Wa-Pa-Su brought a sample for trade to Henry Kelsey of the Hudson’s Bay Company, who was the first recorded European to see it. However, it wasn't until 1787 that fur trader and explorer Alexander MacKenzie saw the Athabasca oil sands and said, "At about 24 miles from the fork (of the Athabasca and Clearwater Rivers) are some bituminous fountains into which a pole of 20 feet long may be inserted without the least resistance."

Question: What country has the largest deposits of bitumen?
Answer: Canada

Question: For what  did Canadian natives use asphalt as a waterproofing material?
Answer: canoes

Question: Who was the first European trader to see asphalt?
Answer: Henry Kelsey

Question:  For what trading company did Kelsey work?
Answer: Hudson’s Bay Company

Question: Who was the first European to see the Athabascan oil sands?
Answer: Alexander MacKenzie

Question: Which country has North America's largest deposit of naturally occurring bitumen?

Question: Canada is home to the world's smallest deposit of what?

Question: Where is the world's smallest natural bitumen deposit located?

Question: In what year did Athabasca see the oil sands?

Question: Alexander MacKenzie was a oil trader and saw the oil sands in what year?
Asphalt

Mastic asphalt is a type of asphalt which differs from dense graded asphalt (asphalt concrete) in that it has a higher asphalt/bitumen (binder) content, usually around 7–10% of the whole aggregate mix, as opposed to rolled asphalt concrete, which has only around 5% added asphalt/bitumen. This thermoplastic substance is widely used in the building industry for waterproofing flat roofs and tanking underground. Mastic asphalt is heated to a temperature of 210 °C (410 °F) and is spread in layers to form an impervious barrier about 20 millimeters (0.79 inches) thick.

Question: What is the percentage of binder in mastic asphalt?
Answer: 7–10%

Question: How much additional binder does rolled asphalt concrete have?
Answer: 5%

Question: How is asphalt used in the construction industry?
Answer: waterproofing

Question: Prior to spreading, how hot is mastic asphalt heated?
Answer: 210 °C

Question: What is the usual thickness of the mastic spread on roofs?
Answer: 20 millimeters

Question: What percentage of concrete is in mastic asphalt?

Question: What is a type of impervious barrier that differs from dense graded asphalt?

Question: Mastic asphalt is the same as dense graded asphalt because why?

Question: Rolled asphalt concrete has contains around 7% what?

Question: What is widely used in buildings for making asphalt waterproof?
Asphalt

Because of the difficulty of moving crude bitumen through pipelines, non-upgraded bitumen is usually diluted with natural-gas condensate in a form called dilbit or with synthetic crude oil, called synbit. However, to meet international competition, much non-upgraded bitumen is now sold as a blend of multiple grades of bitumen, conventional crude oil, synthetic crude oil, and condensate in a standardized benchmark product such as Western Canadian Select. This sour, heavy crude oil blend is designed to have uniform refining characteristics to compete with internationally marketed heavy oils such as Mexican Mayan or Arabian Dubai Crude.

Question: What is done to crude bitumen to promote its movement through pipelines?
Answer: diluted

Question: What is the natural gas condensate used to dilute bitumen?
Answer: dilbit

Question: What is the synthetic crude additive to bitumen called?
Answer: synbit

Question: What is the usually sold standard blend of bitumen and oils named?
Answer: Western Canadian Select

Question: In what uniform use was Western Canadian Select meant to excel?
Answer: refining

Question: Because it's easy to move what through pipelines is non upgraded bitumen is usually diluted?

Question: What is upgraded bitumen now sold as to meet international competition?

Question: What is non-upgraded bitumen now sold as to meet national competition?

Question: The bitter and light crude oil mix is designed to competed with what types of oils?

Question: The sour and heavy crude oil mix is designed to competed with what types of benchmarks?
Asphalt

Asphalt/bitumen is similar to the organic matter in carbonaceous meteorites. However, detailed studies have shown these materials to be distinct. The vast Alberta bitumen resources are believed to have started out as living material from marine plants and animals, mainly algae, that died millions of years ago when an ancient ocean covered Alberta. They were covered by mud, buried deeply over the eons, and gently cooked into oil by geothermal heat at a temperature of 50 to 150 °C (120 to 300 °F). Due to pressure from the rising of the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Alberta, 80 to 55 million years ago, the oil was driven northeast hundreds of kilometres into underground sand deposits left behind by ancient river beds and ocean beaches, thus forming the oil sands.

Question: To what is the organic matter in asphalt similar?
Answer: meteorites

Question: What did the Alberta bitumen mines begin as?
Answer: living material

Question: What kind of living materials formed the basis of bitumen?
Answer: plants and animals

Question: What feature originally covered Alberta?
Answer: ocean

Question: What temperatures did the organic deposits need to form bitumen over the eons?
Answer: 50 to 150 °C

Question: Bitumen is similar to inorganic matter in what type of meteorites?

Question: Bitumen varies greatly from organic matter found in what type of meteorites?

Question: Thousands of years ago an ancient ocean covered which area?

Question: How many years ago were the Rocky Mountains covered in an ancient ocean?

Question: How many years ago did the Rocky Mountains arise in northeastern Alberta?
Asphalt

Selenizza is mainly used as an additive in the road construction sector. It is mixed with traditional bitumen to improve both the viscoelastic properties and the resistance to ageing. It may be blended with the hot bitumen in tanks, but its granular form allows it to be fed in the mixer or in the recycling ring of normal asphalt plants. Other typical applications include the production of mastic asphalts for sidewalks, bridges, car-parks and urban roads as well as drilling fluid additives for the oil and gas industry. Selenizza is available in powder or in granular material of various particle sizes and is packaged in big bags or in thermal fusible polyethylene bags.

Question: What component is added to bitumen to improve it?
Answer: Selenizza

Question: To what other paving material is Selenizza added?
Answer: mastic asphalts

Question: What purpose does Selenizza have in the drilling industry?
Answer: fluid additives

Question: In what form is Selenizza offered?
Answer: granular

Question: How is Selenizza shipped?
Answer: bags

Question: What is mostly used as an additive in constructing recycling rings?

Question: What is available in powder or fluid form and offered in various particle sizes?

Question: What is Selenizza mixed with to improve resistance to bridges?

Question: What is Selenizza mixed with to worsen viscoelastic properties?

Question: What may be mixed with cold bitumen in tanks?
Asphalt

In British English, the word 'asphalt' is used to refer to a mixture of mineral aggregate and asphalt/bitumen (also called tarmac in common parlance). When bitumen is mixed with clay it is usually called asphaltum. The earlier word 'asphaltum' is now archaic and not commonly used.[citation needed] In American English, 'asphalt' is equivalent to the British 'bitumen'. However, 'asphalt' is also commonly used as a shortened form of 'asphalt concrete' (therefore equivalent to the British 'asphalt' or 'tarmac'). In Australian English, bitumen is often used as the generic term for road surfaces. In Canadian English, the word bitumen is used to refer to the vast Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil, while asphalt is used for the oil refinery product used to pave roads and manufacture roof shingles and various waterproofing products. Diluted bitumen (diluted with naphtha to make it flow in pipelines) is known as dilbit in the Canadian petroleum industry, while bitumen "upgraded" to synthetic crude oil is known as syncrude and syncrude blended with bitumen as synbit. Bitumen is still the preferred geological term for naturally occurring deposits of the solid or semi-solid form of petroleum. Bituminous rock is a form of sandstone impregnated with bitumen. The tar sands of Alberta, Canada are a similar material.

Question: To what type of aggregate did asphalt used to refer?
Answer: mixture

Question: What is the mixture of bitumen and minerals called?
Answer: tarmac

Question: When mixed wit clay, what is bitumen called?
Answer: asphaltum

Question: With what word in America, is bitumen used interchangeably?
Answer: 'asphalt

Question: What is the geological term for asphalt?
Answer: Bitumen

Question: What is the shortened form of asphalt tarmac?

Question: Bitumen is often used as a generic word for roof shingles in which language?

Question: in which industry is concentrated bitumen known as dilbit?

Question: Which is the preferred geographical term for natural deposits?

Question: What type of rock forms from limestone mixed with bitumen?
Asphalt

Bitumen was the nemesis of many artists during the 19th century. Although widely used for a time, it ultimately proved unstable for use in oil painting, especially when mixed with the most common diluents, such as linseed oil, varnish and turpentine. Unless thoroughly diluted, bitumen never fully solidifies and will in time corrupt the other pigments with which it comes into contact. The use of bitumen as a glaze to set in shadow or mixed with other colors to render a darker tone resulted in the eventual deterioration of many paintings, for instance those of Delacroix. Perhaps the most famous example of the destructiveness of bitumen is Théodore Géricault's Raft of the Medusa (1818–1819), where his use of bitumen caused the brilliant colors to degenerate into dark greens and blacks and the paint and canvas to buckle.

Question: What pigment did 19th century artists use that was deemed unfavorably?
Answer: Bitumen

Question: What did bitumen when used as a paint not do correctly?
Answer: solidifies

Question: What did even limited use of bitumen do to damage paintings?
Answer: deterioration

Question: What artist's work i considered to be an example of the damaging effects of bitumen?
Answer: Théodore Géricault's

Question: What major problem did bitumen as a pigment show itself to be?  
Answer: unstable

Question: What was the nemesis of many singers during the 19th century?

Question: What was the nemesis of many artists during the 21th century?

Question: Bitumen proved stable for use in what type of painting?

Question: Bitumen will always fully solidify when what?

Question: What is an example of the destructiveness of linseed oil?
Asphalt

In 1914, Claridge's Company entered into a joint venture to produce tar-bound macadam, with materials manufactured through a subsidiary company called Clarmac Roads Ltd. Two products resulted, namely Clarmac, and Clarphalte, with the former being manufactured by Clarmac Roads and the latter by Claridge's Patent Asphalte Co., although Clarmac was more widely used.[note 1] However, the First World War impacted financially on the Clarmac Company, which entered into liquidation in 1915. The failure of Clarmac Roads Ltd had a flow-on effect to Claridge's Company, which was itself compulsorily wound up, ceasing operations in 1917, having invested a substantial amount of funds into the new venture, both at the outset, and in a subsequent attempt to save the Clarmac Company.

Question: Which of Claridge's two tar macadams was the more successful?
Answer: Clarmac

Question: When did Claridge's company liquidate?
Answer: 1915

Question: What world event caused the end of Claridge's company?
Answer: First World War

Question: What was the subsidiary company that lead Claridge into ruin?
Answer: Clarmac Roads Ltd

Question: What kind of money did Claridge  invest in attempting  to save his companies?
Answer: substantial amount

Question: In what year was the liquidation of the Patent Clarmac Company?

Question: Which company's failure had a flow-over effect on the First World War?

Question: What did the Second World War do?

Question: What happened to the Clarmac Company in 1917?

Question: What happened to Claridge's Company in 1915?
Asphalt

The largest use of asphalt/bitumen is for making asphalt concrete for road surfaces and accounts for approximately 85% of the asphalt consumed in the United States. Asphalt concrete pavement mixes are typically composed of 5% asphalt/bitumen cement and 95% aggregates (stone, sand, and gravel). Due to its highly viscous nature, asphalt/bitumen cement must be heated so it can be mixed with the aggregates at the asphalt mixing facility. The temperature required varies depending upon characteristics of the asphalt/bitumen and the aggregates, but warm-mix asphalt technologies allow producers to reduce the temperature required. There are about 4,000 asphalt concrete mixing plants in the U.S., and a similar number in Europe.

Question: What is the biggest use of asphalt?
Answer: road surfaces

Question: How much is the percentage of use of bitumen for roads is there in the US?
Answer: 85%

Question: How much bitumen is in usual concrete mixtures?
Answer: 5%

Question: What percentage of concrete mixes is aggregates?
Answer: 95%

Question: How many concrete plants are in the US?
Answer: 4,000

Question: Accounting for nearly 75% of asphalt consumption, what is the largest use of asphalt for?

Question: What percentage of bitumen consumption in Europe makes up that used for concrete road surfaces?

Question: What must happen to plants so they can be mixed with aggregates?

Question: What must be cooled so it can mix with aggregates?

Question: Europe has 0 asphalt concrete mixing plants and the United States has how many?
Asphalt

Synthetic crude oil, also known as syncrude, is the output from a bitumen upgrader facility used in connection with oil sand production in Canada. Bituminous sands are mined using enormous (100 ton capacity) power shovels and loaded into even larger (400 ton capacity) dump trucks for movement to an upgrading facility. The process used to extract the bitumen from the sand is a hot water process originally developed by Dr. Karl Clark of the University of Alberta during the 1920s. After extraction from the sand, the bitumen is fed into a bitumen upgrader which converts it into a light crude oil equivalent. This synthetic substance is fluid enough to be transferred through conventional oil pipelines and can be fed into conventional oil refineries without any further treatment. By 2015 Canadian bitumen upgraders were producing over 1 million barrels (160×10^3 m3) per day of synthetic crude oil, of which 75% was exported to oil refineries in the United States.

Question: What is synthetic crude oil usually called?
Answer: syncrude

Question: Where is the mined bitumen taken for refining?
Answer: upgrading facility

Question: Who invented the process for removing bitumen from sands?
Answer: Dr. Karl Clark

Question: Un what decade did Clark develop the hot water removal process?
Answer: 1920s

Question: How many barrels of crude were upgraders making per day by 2015?
Answer: 1 million barrels

Question: What is also known as synClark oil?

Question: What type of oil is also known as suncryde?

Question: A cold water process is used to extract what from sand?

Question: A cold water process is used when extracting bitumen from what?

Question: What process did Dr. Karl Clark develop at the University of Canada in 1935?
Asphalt

About 40,000,000 tons were produced in 1984[needs update]. It is obtained as the "heavy" (i.e., difficult to distill) fraction. Material with a boiling point greater than around 500 °C is considered asphalt. Vacuum distillation separates it from the other components in crude oil (such as naphtha, gasoline and diesel). The resulting material is typically further treated to extract small but valuable amounts of lubricants and to adjust the properties of the material to suit applications. In a de-asphalting unit, the crude asphalt is treated with either propane or butane in a supercritical phase to extract the lighter molecules, which are then separated. Further processing is possible by "blowing" the product: namely reacting it with oxygen. This step makes the product harder and more viscous.

Question: How many tons of bitumen ere produced in 1984?
Answer: 40,000,000

Question: What boiling point is considered to be the for asphalt?
Answer: 500 °C

Question: What method is used to divide asphalt from other materials?
Answer: Vacuum distillation

Question: What is the process used to harden the asphalt?
Answer: blowing

Question: In processing asphalt, what is the unit used to separate it?
Answer: de-asphalting

Question: How many tons were produced in 1927?

Question: About 30,000,000 tons were produced in what year?

Question: What is material with a boiling point over 200 degrees Celsius considered?

Question: Asphalt is considered material with a freezing point below how many degrees?

Question: Which step makes the product less viscous and softer?
Asphalt

Selenizza is a naturally occurring solid hydrocarbon bitumen found in the native asphalt deposit of Selenice, in Albania, the only European asphalt mine still in use. The rock asphalt is found in the form of veins, filling cracks in a more or less horizontal direction. The bitumen content varies from 83% to 92% (soluble in carbon disulphide), with a penetration value near to zero and a softening point (ring & ball) around 120 °C. The insoluble matter, consisting mainly of silica ore, ranges from 8% to 17%.

Question: To what location is Selenizza bitumen native?
Answer: Selenice, in Albania

Question: What is it about the mine that is unusual?
Answer: still in use

Question: In what way is Selenizza bitumen geologically different than bitumen found in sands? 
Answer: rock asphalt

Question: What is the variance in bitumen content rock asphalt?
Answer: 83% to 92%

Question: How is the rock asphalt mainly found?
Answer: veins

Question: The soluble matter consists mainly of silica ore and ranges from what percentage?

Question: What type of matter ranges from 7% to 20%?

Question: The veins are found in the form of what?

Question: What content varies from 80% to 93%?
Asphalt

People can be exposed to asphalt in the workplace by breathing in fumes or skin absorption. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a Recommended exposure limit (REL) of 5 mg/m3 over a 15-minute period. Asphalt is basically an inert material that must be heated or diluted to a point where it becomes workable for the production of materials for paving, roofing, and other applications. In examining the potential health hazards associated with asphalt, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) determined that it is the application parameters, predominantly temperature, that effect occupational exposure and the potential bioavailable carcinogenic hazard/risk of the asphalt emissions. In particular, temperatures greater than 199 °C (390 °F), were shown to produce a greater exposure risk than when asphalt was heated to lower temperatures, such as those typically used in asphalt pavement mix production and placement.

Question: By what means can humans be exposed to bitumen?
Answer: fumes or skin

Question: What is the nationally set limit for exposure of asphalt in a 15 minute period?
Answer: 5 mg/m3

Question: How must asphalt be treated to be workable?
Answer: heated or diluted

Question: At what temperatures is heated asphalt seen to be a greater health risk?
Answer: greater than 199 °C

Question: What feature in the treatment of asphalt in the workplace causes the most potential danger?
Answer: temperature

Question: How can people be exposed to low temperatures while at work?

Question: Temperatures higher than 300 degrees Celsius where shown to do what?

Question: What is the REL set by the National Institute for Research on Cancer?

Question: What is the acronym for the International Agency for Research on Carcinogenic hazards?
Queen_Victoria

Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe". After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. As a result of her seclusion, republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign her popularity recovered. Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration.

Question: Who did Victoria marry?
Answer: Prince Albert

Question: What is her nickname that she was given because her children married into royal families across the continent?
Answer: the grandmother of Europe

Question: What year did Prince Albert die?
Answer: 1861

Question: How many children did she have?
Answer: nine

Question: In the later half of her reign, what happened to her popularity?
Answer: her popularity recovered

Question: How many children did Queen Victoria and Prince Albert have?
Answer: nine

Question: What was the year of Alberts death?
Answer: 1861

Question: Queen Victorias Golden and Diamond jubilees were a time of public what?
Answer: celebration

Question: What was the name the first cousing that Victoria married?
Answer: Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Question: What was the nickname given to Queen Victoria because all of her children married into noble families?
Answer: first cousin

Question: What was the name of the first cousin that Queen Victoria was married to?
Answer: Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Question: Whatyear did Victoria marry Prince Albert?
Answer: 1840

Question: How many children did Victoria and Albert have?
Answer: nine

Question: What year did Prince Albert die?
Answer: 1861

Question: Due to Victorias mourning over Alberts death, what political party gained strength?
Answer: republicanism

Question: When did Queen Victoria get married?
Answer: 1840

Question: What was the name of Victoria's husband?
Answer: Prince Albert

Question: What was Queen Victoria's nickname?
Answer: the grandmother of Europe

Question: When did republicanism gain strength during Queen Victoria's reign?
Answer: After Albert's death in 1861

Question: How many children did Queen Victoria and Prince Albert have?
Answer: nine

Question: Who did Victoria marry?
Answer: Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Question: When were Victoria and Prince Albert married?
Answer: 1840

Question: How many children did Victoria and Prince Albert have?
Answer: nine

Question: What was Victoria's unofficial title?
Answer: the grandmother of Europe

Question: When did Prince Albert die?
Answer: 1861

Question: Who did Victoria divorce?

Question: What is her nickname that she was given because her siblings married into royal families across the continent?

Question: What year didn't Prince Albert die?

Question: How many children didn't she have?

Question: In the earlier half of her reign, what happened to her popularity?
Queen_Victoria

On 2 March 1882, Roderick Maclean, a disgruntled poet apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station. Two schoolboys from Eton College struck him with their umbrellas, until he was hustled away by a policeman. Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".

Question: Who shot at the queen?
Answer: Roderick Maclean

Question: When was the shooting?
Answer: 2 March 1882

Question: What was Maclean's occupation?
Answer: poet

Question: Which college were to two boys attending?
Answer: Eton College

Question: With what did the college boy's hit the shooter with?
Answer: umbrellas

Question: Who shot Queen Victoria?
Answer: Roderick Maclean

Question: What year was the Queen shot?
Answer: 1882

Question: Who stopped Maclean after he shot the Queen?
Answer: Two schoolboys from Eton College

Question: How did the schoolboys stop Maclean?
Answer: struck him with their umbrellas

Question: What did the court determine was the fate for Maclean after shooting the Queen?
Answer: not guilty by reason of insanity

Question: What disgruntled poet shot at Victoria's carriage on March 2, 1882?
Answer: Roderick Maclean

Question: What school did the boys who defended the Queen with umbrellas attend? 
Answer: Eton College

Question: What was the verdict in Roderick Maclean's trial? 
Answer: he was found not guilty by reason of insanity

Question: What provoked the attack on Queen Victoria as she left Windsor? 
Answer: offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems

Question: What was Victoria's reaction to the verdict?
Answer: outraged

Question: Who attempted to assassinate the Queen?
Answer: Roderick Maclean

Question: What was the verdict in Maclean's trial?
Answer: not guilty by reason of insanity

Question: What position did Victoria take on being shot at?
Answer: "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved"

Question: When did Maclean attempt to shoot Victoria?
Answer: 2 March 1882

Question: Why did Maclean shoot at Victoria?
Answer: refusal to accept one of his poems

Question: Who never shot at the queen?

Question: When wasn't the shooting?

Question: What wasn't Maclean's occupation?

Question: Which college were to two girls attending?

Question: With what didn't the college boy's hit the shooter with?
Queen_Victoria

Gladstone returned to power after the 1892 general election; he was 82 years old. Victoria objected when Gladstone proposed appointing the Radical MP Henry Labouchere to the Cabinet, so Gladstone agreed not to appoint him. In 1894, Gladstone retired and, without consulting the outgoing prime minister, Victoria appointed Lord Rosebery as prime minister. His government was weak, and the following year Lord Salisbury replaced him. Salisbury remained prime minister for the remainder of Victoria's reign.

Question: What year did Gladstone return to power?
Answer: 1892

Question: How old was Gladstone in 1892?
Answer: 82

Question: What year did Gladstone retire?
Answer: 1894

Question: What position did Victoria appoint Lord Rosebery?
Answer: prime minister

Question: What year did Gadstone return to power?
Answer: 1892

Question: How old was Gladstone when he returned to power?
Answer: 82 years old

Question: What year did Gladstone retire?
Answer: 1894

Question: Who did Victoria appoint to replace Gladstone?
Answer: Lord Rosebery

Question: Who replaced Lord Rosebery the year following his appointment?
Answer: Lord Salisbury

Question: How old was Gladstone after the general election in 1892? 
Answer: 82 years old

Question: What radical MP did Victoria object to being appointed to the cabinet by Gladstone? 
Answer: Henry Labouchere

Question: Who did Victoria appoint to Prime Minister after Gladstone retired in 1894?
Answer: Lord Rosebery

Question: Who replaced Lord Rosenbery after only a year of government? 
Answer: Lord Salisbury

Question: How long did Lord Salisbury remain as Prime Minister?
Answer: for the remainder of Victoria's reign

Question: Who was returned to power in 1892?
Answer: Gladstone

Question: Who did Victoria appoint as Gladstone's succesor?
Answer: Lord Rosebery

Question: How did Lord Roseberry fare as Prime Minister?
Answer: His government was weak

Question: Who replaced Lord Roseberry as Prime Minister?
Answer: Lord Salisbury

Question: How long was Lord Sailsbury Prime Minister?
Answer: the remainder of Victoria's reign

Question: What year did Gladstone first get to power?

Question: How old was Gladstone in 1829?

Question: What year didn't Gladstone retire?

Question: What position didn't Victoria appoint Lord Rosebery?
Queen_Victoria

Victoria wrote to her uncle Leopold, whom Victoria considered her "best and kindest adviser", to thank him "for the prospect of great happiness you have contributed to give me, in the person of dear Albert ... He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy. He is so sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable too. He has besides the most pleasing and delightful exterior and appearance you can possibly see." However at 17, Victoria, though interested in Albert, was not yet ready to marry. The parties did not undertake a formal engagement, but assumed that the match would take place in due time.

Question: Who was considered Victoria's best and kindest advisor?
Answer: uncle Leopold

Question: Who did Victoria describe as sensible, kind, and amiable?
Answer: Albert

Question: Who introduced Albert to Victoria?
Answer: uncle Leopold

Question: What Uncle was Victoria's favorite adviser?
Answer: Leopold

Question: How old was Victoria when she met Albert?
Answer: 17

Question: Who introduced Victoria and Albert?
Answer: her uncle Leopold

Question: What qualities did Victoria believe Albert posessed when she met him?
Answer: every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy

Question: Whom did Queen Victoria consider her "best and kindest adviser"? 
Answer: uncle Leopold

Question: Who was Victoria not ready to marry at age 17?
Answer: Albert

Question: What was Victoria's opinion of Albert's appearance? 
Answer: the most pleasing and delightful exterior

Question: Who did Victoria credit for her relationship to Albert?
Answer: her uncle Leopold

Question: What did Victoria think of Albert at 17 years of age?
Answer: He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy

Question: What were Albert's best qualities?
Answer: sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable

Question: How did Victoria find Albert's looks?
Answer: most pleasing and delightful exterior and appearance

Question: How old was Victoria when she was introduced to Albert?
Answer: 17

Question: Who was considered Victoria's worst and kindest advisor?

Question: Who did Victoria describe as unsensible, mean, and amiable?

Question: Who never introduced Albert to Victoria?

Question: What Aunt was Victoria's favorite adviser?

Question: How old was Victoria when she last met Albert?
Queen_Victoria

On 14 January 1858, an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III with a bomb made in England. The ensuing diplomatic crisis destabilised the government, and Palmerston resigned. Derby was reinstated as prime minister. Victoria and Albert attended the opening of a new basin at the French military port of Cherbourg on 5 August 1858, in an attempt by Napoleon III to reassure Britain that his military preparations were directed elsewhere. On her return Victoria wrote to Derby reprimanding him for the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one. Derby's ministry did not last long, and in June 1859 Victoria recalled Palmerston to office.

Question: Where was Orsini from?
Answer: Britain

Question: Who did Orsini try to assassinate?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: What position did Derby hold?
Answer: prime minister

Question: What happened in June 1859?
Answer: Victoria recalled Palmerston to office

Question: What was the date of an attempted assasination on Napoleon?
Answer: 14 January 1858

Question: What was the name of the person that attempted to assasinate Napoleon?
Answer: Orsini

Question: Where was the bomb that Orsini used to attempt to assasinate Napoleon made?
Answer: England

Question: Who resigned due to the attempt on Napoleons life?
Answer: Palmerston

Question: What was the name of the French military port that opened on 5 August 1858?
Answer: port of Cherbourg

Question: Who survived an assasination attempt by the Italian refugee Orsini in 1858?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: Who resigned their position following the scandal due to Orsini's bomb being made in England? 
Answer: Palmerston

Question: What new military port in France did Victoria and Albert visit after the crisis in 1858?
Answer: Cherbourg

Question: Why did Victoria repremend Derby following her visit with Napolean III? 
Answer: the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one

Question: Who did Victoria recall to office following her disappointment with Derby in June of 1859? 
Answer: Palmerston

Question: Who attempted to assassinate Napoleon?
Answer: an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini

Question: When did Orsinin attempt to assassinate Napoleon?
Answer: 14 January 1858

Question: How did Orsini try to assassinate Napoleon?
Answer: a bomb

Question: When did Victoria ask Palmerston to resume his office?
Answer: June 1859

Question: Where did Victoria visit that led her to reprimand Derby for the state of the Royal Navy?
Answer: French military port of Cherbourg

Question: Where wasn't Orsini from?

Question: Who did Orsini try not to assassinate?

Question: What position didn't Derby hold?

Question: What happened in June 1895?

Question: What was the date of an assasination on Napoleon?
Queen_Victoria

Palmerston died in 1865, and after a brief ministry led by Russell, Derby returned to power. In 1866, Victoria attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time since Albert's death. The following year she supported the passing of the Reform Act 1867 which doubled the electorate by extending the franchise to many urban working men, though she was not in favour of votes for women. Derby resigned in 1868, to be replaced by Benjamin Disraeli, who charmed Victoria. "Everyone likes flattery," he said, "and when you come to royalty you should lay it on with a trowel." With the phrase "we authors, Ma'am", he complimented her. Disraeli's ministry only lasted a matter of months, and at the end of the year his Liberal rival, William Ewart Gladstone, was appointed prime minister. Victoria found Gladstone's demeanour far less appealing; he spoke to her, she is thought to have complained, as though she were "a public meeting rather than a woman".

Question: Who died in 1865?
Answer: Palmerston

Question: Who resigned in 1868?
Answer: Derby

Question: How long was Disraeli in office?
Answer: matter of months

Question: Who was Disraeli's rival?
Answer: William Ewart Gladstone

Question: What political view did Gladstone hold?
Answer: Liberal

Question: What year did Palmerston die?
Answer: 1865

Question: Who let the ministry for a very short time after the death of Palmerston?
Answer: Russell

Question: Who returned to power after Russels brief rule of the ministry?
Answer: Derby

Question: Following Alberts death, what was the first year that Victoria attended the State opening of Parliment?
Answer: 1866

Question: Who replaced Derby after his resignation?
Answer: Benjamin Disraeli

Question: What year did Pamerston die? 
Answer: 1865

Question: What event did Victoria attend in 1866 for the first time following Albert's death?
Answer: State Opening of Parliament

Question: What Act by Victoria granted the ability to vote to working men, but not women? 
Answer: Reform Act 1867

Question: Who replaced Derby when he resigned in 1868? 
Answer: Benjamin Disraeli

Question: What Liberal replaced Disraeli after only a few short months in office? 
Answer: William Ewart Gladstone

Question: When did Palmerston die?
Answer: 1865

Question: Who was ultimately returned to office after Palmerston's death?
Answer: Derby

Question: When did Derby resign?
Answer: 1868

Question: Who was Derby's replacement?
Answer: Benjamin Disraeli

Question: How long did Disralei last in office?
Answer: only lasted a matter of months

Question: Who died in 1856?

Question: Who resigned in 1886?

Question: How long was Disraeli not in office?

Question: Who wasn't Disraeli's rival?

Question: What political view didn't Gladstone hold?
Queen_Victoria

In 1887, the British Empire celebrated Victoria's Golden Jubilee. Victoria marked the fiftieth anniversary of her accession on 20 June with a banquet to which 50 kings and princes were invited. The following day, she participated in a procession and attended a thanksgiving service in Westminster Abbey. By this time, Victoria was once again extremely popular. Two days later on 23 June, she engaged two Indian Muslims as waiters, one of whom was Abdul Karim. He was soon promoted to "Munshi": teaching her Hindustani, and acting as a clerk. Her family and retainers were appalled, and accused Abdul Karim of spying for the Muslim Patriotic League, and biasing the Queen against the Hindus. Equerry Frederick Ponsonby (the son of Sir Henry) discovered that the Munshi had lied about his parentage, and reported to Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India, "the Munshi occupies very much the same position as John Brown used to do." Victoria dismissed their complaints as racial prejudice. Abdul Karim remained in her service until he returned to India with a pension on her death.

Question: How many kings and princes were invited to the Golden Jubilee?
Answer: 50

Question: What year anniversary does the Golden Jubilee celebrate?
Answer: fiftieth anniversary

Question: Who accused Karim of spying?
Answer: Her family and retainers

Question: What was Munshi lying about?
Answer: his parentage

Question: What year was Victoria's Golden Jubilee held?
Answer: 1887

Question: What was the name of the waited that was promoted to Munshi?
Answer: Abdul Karim

Question: Whio was Equerry Frederick Ponsonby's father?
Answer: Sir Henry

Question: Who discovered that Victoria's new Munshi lied about his parentage?
Answer: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby

Question: Who did Ponsonby report the Munshis lies about his parentage to?
Answer: Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India

Question: When was Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee? 
Answer: 1887

Question: What was Abdul Karim teaching Queen Victoria after his promotion? 
Answer: Hindustani

Question: Who was Karim accused of spying for by Victoria's family? 
Answer: Muslim Patriotic League

Question: Who discovered that Karim had lied about his parentage to Victoria? 
Answer: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby

Question: What day did Queen Victoria celebrate her Golden Jubilee at a dinner with kings and queens from other nations? 
Answer: 20 June

Question: When was Victoria's Golden Jubilee?
Answer: 1887

Question: What is the point of the Golden Jubilee?
Answer: the fiftieth anniversary of her accession

Question: Who was promoted from waiter to Munshi?
Answer: Abdul Karim

Question: Why did Victoria's family disapprove of Abdul Karim?
Answer: spying for the Muslim Patriotic League, and biasing the Queen against the Hindus

Question: How long was Karim in the Queen's employment?
Answer: until he returned to India with a pension on her death

Question: How many kings and princes weren't invited to the Golden Jubilee?

Question: What year anniversary does the Silver Jubilee celebrate?

Question: Who accused Karim of not spying?

Question: What wasn't Munshi lying about?

Question: What year was Victoria's Silver Jubilee held?
Queen_Victoria

Victoria visited mainland Europe regularly for holidays. In 1889, during a stay in Biarritz, she became the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain when she crossed the border for a brief visit. By April 1900, the Boer War was so unpopular in mainland Europe that her annual trip to France seemed inadvisable. Instead, the Queen went to Ireland for the first time since 1861, in part to acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war. In July, her second son Alfred ("Affie") died; "Oh, God! My poor darling Affie gone too", she wrote in her journal. "It is a horrible year, nothing but sadness & horrors of one kind & another."

Question: Who was the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain?
Answer: Victoria

Question: What year did Queen Victoria first set foot in Spain?
Answer: 1889

Question: What year did Victoria stop her annual visits to Spain due to the Boer war?
Answer: 1900

Question: Where did Victoria visit instead of Spain during the Boer war?
Answer: Ireland

Question: What year did Victoria's second son Alfred die?
Answer: 1900

Question: Where did Victoria stay in Spain in 1889? 
Answer: Biarritz

Question: What war prevented Queen Victoria from taking her annual trip to France in 1900?
Answer: Boer War

Question: What country did Victoria visit instead of France during the Boer War? 
Answer: Ireland

Question: Which of Queen Victoria's children died in July of that year? 
Answer: her second son Alfred

Question: Where did Victoria often go for holiday?
Answer: mainland Europe

Question: In 1889, what was Victoria the first reining monarch from Britian to do?
Answer: set foot in Spain

Question: Why did Victoria visit Ireland in 1861?
Answer: acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war

Question: Why was Victoria advised not to visit France in April of 1900?
Answer: the Boer War

Question: What tragedy did Victoria face in July of 1900?
Answer: her second son Alfred ("Affie") died

Question: Who was the last reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain?

Question: What year did Queen Victoria last set foot in Spain?

Question: What year did Victoria start her annual visits to Spain due to the Boer war?

Question: Where did Victoria visit instead of France during the Boer war?

Question: What year did Victoria's second daughter Alfred die?
Queen_Victoria

Victoria was physically unprepossessing—she was stout, dowdy and no more than five feet tall—but she succeeded in projecting a grand image. She experienced unpopularity during the first years of her widowhood, but was well liked during the 1880s and 1890s, when she embodied the empire as a benevolent matriarchal figure. Only after the release of her diary and letters did the extent of her political influence become known to the wider public. Biographies of Victoria written before much of the primary material became available, such as Lytton Strachey's Queen Victoria of 1921, are now considered out of date. The biographies written by Elizabeth Longford and Cecil Woodham-Smith, in 1964 and 1972 respectively, are still widely admired. They, and others, conclude that as a person Victoria was emotional, obstinate, honest, and straight-talking.

Question: How tall was Queen Victoria?
Answer: no more than five feet tall

Question: The extent of Victorias political influence became well known after the publishing of what?
Answer: her diary and letters

Question: What year did Elizabeth Longford write a biography of Victoria?
Answer: 1964

Question: What year did Cecil Woodham Smith writ Victorias biography?
Answer: 1972

Question: How tall was Queen Victoria? 
Answer: five feet

Question: Who wrote the biography about Queen Victoria that is now considered to be out of date? 
Answer: Lytton Strachey

Question: What woman wrote a biography of Queen Victoria in 1964?
Answer: Elizabeth Longford

Question: When did Celcil Woodham-Smith also write a well recieved biography about Victoria? 
Answer: 1972

Question: What was Victoria like, physically?
Answer: stout, dowdy and no more than five feet tall

Question: When did people really start to understand the political mind of Queen Victoria?
Answer: after the release of her diary and letters

Question: Who were two good biographers of Queen Victoria?
Answer: Elizabeth Longford and Cecil Woodham-Smith

Question: When were the best biographies of Queen Victoria written?
Answer: 1964 and 1972

Question: What kind of person was Victoria?
Answer: emotional, obstinate, honest, and straight-talking

Question: How tall was Queen Victor?

Question: The extent of Victorias political influence became unknown after the publishing of what?

Question: What year did Elizabeth Longford read a biography of Victoria?

Question: What year did Cecil Woodham Smith read Victorias biography

Question: Who read the biography about Queen Victoria that is now considered to be out of date?