Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
God

In the English language, the capitalized form of God continues to represent a distinction between monotheistic "God" and "gods" in polytheism. The English word God and its counterparts in other languages are normally used for any and all conceptions and, in spite of significant differences between religions, the term remains an English translation common to all. The same holds for Hebrew El, but in Judaism, God is also given a proper name, the tetragrammaton YHWH, in origin possibly the name of an Edomite or Midianite deity, Yahweh. In many translations of the Bible, when the word LORD is in all capitals, it signifies that the word represents the tetragrammaton.

Question: What differentiates God from gods?
Answer: the capitalized form of God

Question: What belief has many gods?
Answer: polytheism

Question: What does it mean to read the word LORD in all capitals in the Bible?
Answer: signifies that the word represents the tetragrammaton

Question: What is the tetragrammaton gor God?
Answer: YHWH

Question: No matter which religion, what is usually used as the name for the Supreme Being?
Answer: God

Question: What form of the word God refers to polytheistic gods?
Answer: gods

Question: What is the name of God in Judaism?
Answer: YHWH

Question: What does the all caps word LORD used in some bibles represent?
Answer: YHWH

Question: In Edom what does the capitalized form of God represent?

Question: How is the Midianite word for God normally used?

Question: Related to the Midianite deity, what does the word remain in Edom?

Question: What proper name is God given in Midian?

Question: What does the word El signify in English?
God

There is no clear consensus on the nature or even the existence of God. The Abrahamic conceptions of God include the monotheistic definition of God in Judaism, the trinitarian view of Christians, and the Islamic concept of God. The dharmic religions differ in their view of the divine: views of God in Hinduism vary by region, sect, and caste, ranging from monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic. Divinity was recognized by the historical Buddha, particularly Śakra and Brahma. However, other sentient beings, including gods, can at best only play a supportive role in one's personal path to salvation. Conceptions of God in the latter developments of the Mahayana tradition give a more prominent place to notions of the divine.[citation needed]

Question: What type of view do Christians take on God?
Answer: trinitarian

Question: How much can belief in God vary in Hinduism?
Answer: region, sect, and caste

Question: Does hinduism only believe in a single god?
Answer: ranging from monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic

Question: What view does the Jewish community take on God?
Answer: monotheistic

Question: What kind of religion is Hinduism considered?
Answer: dharmic

Question: What type of religion is Judaism?
Answer: monotheistic

Question: What type of religion is Christianity?
Answer: trinitarian

Question: How many gods do the Hindu's have?
Answer: monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic.

Question: How many gods do Christians have?

Question: What do the Buddhist religions do regarding God?

Question: How do views of God in Sakra vary?

Question: What role does Mahayana tradition have in salvation?

Question: How is the concept of God handled in dharmic religions?
God

Monotheists hold that there is only one god, and may claim that the one true god is worshiped in different religions under different names. The view that all theists actually worship the same god, whether they know it or not, is especially emphasized in Hinduism and Sikhism. In Christianity, the doctrine of the Trinity describes God as one God in three persons. The Trinity comprises God the Father, God the Son (Jesus), and God the Holy Spirit. Islam's most fundamental concept is tawhid (meaning "oneness" or "uniqueness"). God is described in the Quran as: "Say: He is Allah, the One and Only; Allah, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him." Muslims repudiate the Christian doctrine of the Trinity and divinity of Jesus, comparing it to polytheism. In Islam, God is beyond all comprehension or equal and does not resemble any of his creations in any way. Thus, Muslims are not iconodules, and are not expected to visualize God.

Question: What do Muslims believe that Trinitism too closely resembles?
Answer: polytheism

Question: Which belief is expected to never try and visualize God?
Answer: iconodules

Question: What is the most basic belief of the Muslim religion?
Answer: tawhid

Question: What religious text helps reinforce to Muslims that Christianity is more like polytheism?
Answer: Quran

Question: What is the meaning behind the Muslim concept of tawhid?
Answer: "oneness" or "uniqueness"

Question: What do monotheists believe?
Answer: one god

Question: What religion believes that all theist worship the same god?
Answer: Hinduism and Sikhism

Question: What is the trinity in Christianity?
Answer: one God in three persons

Question: What do Muslims think of Christianity?
Answer: comparing it to polytheism

Question: What are Christians not expected to do, since they are iconodules?

Question: What view about monotheists is emphasized by Islam?

Question: What does the Trinity doctrine describe according to theists?

Question: What do Hindus compare the divinity of Jesus to?

Question: In Christianity what does Jesus not resemble?
God

Theism generally holds that God exists realistically, objectively, and independently of human thought; that God created and sustains everything; that God is omnipotent and eternal; and that God is personal and interacting with the universe through, for example, religious experience and the prayers of humans. Theism holds that God is both transcendent and immanent; thus, God is simultaneously infinite and in some way present in the affairs of the world. Not all theists subscribe to all of these propositions, but each usually subscribes to some of them (see, by way of comparison, family resemblance). Catholic theology holds that God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time. Most theists hold that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent, although this belief raises questions about God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world. Some theists ascribe to God a self-conscious or purposeful limiting of omnipotence, omniscience, or benevolence. Open Theism, by contrast, asserts that, due to the nature of time, God's omniscience does not mean the deity can predict the future. Theism is sometimes used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods, i.e., monotheism or polytheism.

Question: What is the basis behind Catholic theology?
Answer: God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time

Question: What ways can God interact with the universe?
Answer: religious experience and the prayers of humans

Question: Why is it sometimes hard to think of God as benevolent?
Answer: God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world

Question: What is the suffix theism used for?
Answer: used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods

Question: What are examples of different types of theism?
Answer: monotheism or polytheism

Question: What three points do most theists agree on?
Answer: God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent,

Question: What religion believes that God is infinitely simple and not subject to time?
Answer: Catholic

Question: What does theism mean in general?
Answer: belief in a god or gods

Question: What is one attribute of the universe?

Question: What does the universe act through?

Question: What does the term Catholicism sometimes refer to?

Question: What two things make it hard for theists to believe the universe is benevolent?

Question: What do Catholics believe about Gods limited omniscience?
God

Deism holds that God is wholly transcendent: God exists, but does not intervene in the world beyond what was necessary to create it. In this view, God is not anthropomorphic, and neither answers prayers nor produces miracles. Common in Deism is a belief that God has no interest in humanity and may not even be aware of humanity. Pandeism and Panendeism, respectively, combine Deism with the Pantheistic or Panentheistic beliefs. Pandeism is proposed to explain as to Deism why God would create a universe and then abandon it, and as to Pantheism, the origin and purpose of the universe.

Question: What is a deistic view of God?
Answer: God exists, but does not intervene in the world beyond what was necessary to create it

Question: How does a deistic God feel about us?
Answer: no interest in humanity and may not even be aware of humanity

Question: What is Pandeism?
Answer: why God would create a universe and then abandon it

Question: What does a deistic God not do?
Answer: neither answers prayers nor produces miracles

Question: What type of religion believes that God is transcendent?
Answer: Deism

Question: What is deism?
Answer: God has no interest in humanity

Question: In deism is God represented in human form?
Answer: God is not anthropomorphic

Question: In deism, does God answer prayers?
Answer: neither answers prayers

Question: What does Deism usually combine?

Question: What is the view of Pantheism about God abandoning His creation?

Question: What does a pandeistic god not do?

Question: What belief is common about deism in Pandeism?

Question: Does the universe answer prayers in Pantheism?
God

Pantheism holds that God is the universe and the universe is God, whereas Panentheism holds that God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe. It is also the view of the Liberal Catholic Church; Theosophy; some views of Hinduism except Vaishnavism, which believes in panentheism; Sikhism; some divisions of Neopaganism and Taoism, along with many varying denominations and individuals within denominations. Kabbalah, Jewish mysticism, paints a pantheistic/panentheistic view of God—which has wide acceptance in Hasidic Judaism, particularly from their founder The Baal Shem Tov—but only as an addition to the Jewish view of a personal god, not in the original pantheistic sense that denies or limits persona to God.[citation needed]

Question: What is Pantheism?
Answer: God is the universe and the universe is God

Question: WHat is Panentheism?
Answer: God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe

Question: WHat is Kabbalah?
Answer: Jewish mysticism

Question: Who is the founder of Hasidic Judaism?
Answer: The Baal Shem Tov

Question: Who was the founder of Hasidic Judaism?
Answer: The Baal Shem Tov

Question: What is Panentheism?
Answer: God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe

Question: What from of Hinduism does not believe in panentheism?
Answer: Vaishnavism

Question: What is another name for Jewish mysticism?
Answer: Kabbalah

Question: What is pantheism?
Answer: God is the universe

Question: In Panentheism what is God identical to?

Question: What does Baal Shem Tov believe if God is the universe?

Question: Who is the founder of the Liberal Catholic Church?

Question: What group does Vaishnavism have acceptance in as part of Jewish mysticism?

Question: What is another name for Vaishnavism?
God

Even non-theist views about gods vary. Some non-theists avoid the concept of God, whilst accepting that it is significant to many; other non-theists understand God as a symbol of human values and aspirations. The nineteenth-century English atheist Charles Bradlaugh declared that he refused to say "There is no God", because "the word 'God' is to me a sound conveying no clear or distinct affirmation"; he said more specifically that he disbelieved in the Christian god. Stephen Jay Gould proposed an approach dividing the world of philosophy into what he called "non-overlapping magisteria" (NOMA). In this view, questions of the supernatural, such as those relating to the existence and nature of God, are non-empirical and are the proper domain of theology. The methods of science should then be used to answer any empirical question about the natural world, and theology should be used to answer questions about ultimate meaning and moral value. In this view, the perceived lack of any empirical footprint from the magisterium of the supernatural onto natural events makes science the sole player in the natural world.

Question: What do some non-theists view God as?
Answer: a symbol of human values and aspirations

Question: Although a proclaimed atheist, who was it that said "the word 'God' is to me a sound conveying no clear or distinct affirmation"?
Answer: Charles Bradlaugh

Question: What is NOMA?
Answer: non-overlapping magisteria

Question: In NOMA, what should be used to answer questions about the physical world?
Answer: science

Question: What should be used to answer ultimate questions on morality and meaning?
Answer: theology

Question: Name the nineteenth century English atheist?
Answer: Charles Bradlaugh

Question: What does Stephen Jay Gould call philosophy that deals in the supernatural?
Answer: non-overlapping magisteria" (NOMA)

Question: What category does NOMA fall under?
Answer: theology

Question: What did the 19th century non-theist Stephen Jay say specifically about God?

Question: What should Christianity be used for in relation to nature?

Question: What should philosophy be used for in relation to morality?

Question: Where does a lack of supernatural influence make human values a sole player in?

Question: What does NOMA avoid about God?
God

Another view, advanced by Richard Dawkins, is that the existence of God is an empirical question, on the grounds that "a universe with a god would be a completely different kind of universe from one without, and it would be a scientific difference." Carl Sagan argued that the doctrine of a Creator of the Universe was difficult to prove or disprove and that the only conceivable scientific discovery that could disprove the existence of a Creator would be the discovery that the universe is infinitely old.

Question: What did Sagan argue was the only was to prove the existence of God?
Answer: the discovery that the universe is infinitely old

Question: What is Richard Dawkins belief about the existence of God?
Answer: "a universe with a god would be a completely different kind of universe from one without, and it would be a scientific difference."

Question: What kind of difference does Dawkins believe would come from the existence of God?
Answer: a scientific difference

Question: Who argued that the existence of God is an empirical question?
Answer: Richard Dawkins

Question: Who stated that God was difficult both to prove or disprove?
Answer: Carl Sagan

Question: How could science discover if there was not a creator?
Answer: the universe is infinitely old.

Question: How would the universe be different according to Carl Sagan?

Question: What grounds did Carl Sagan use to explain God's existence and how it would change the universe?

Question: What did Richard Dawkins believe was difficult to prove?

Question: What did Richard Dawkins believe could disprove the existence of a Creator?

Question: What view did Carl Sagan have about the question of the existence of God?
God

Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow state in their book, The Grand Design, that it is reasonable to ask who or what created the universe, but if the answer is God, then the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God. Both authors claim however, that it is possible to answer these questions purely within the realm of science, and without invoking any divine beings. Neuroscientist Michael Nikoletseas has proposed that questions of the existence of God are no different from questions of natural sciences. Following a biological comparative approach, he concludes that it is highly probable that God exists, and, although not visible, it is possible that we know some of his attributes.

Question: What does Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow pose as a better question that "Is there a God"?
Answer: who created God

Question: Who wrote The Grand Design?
Answer: Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow

Question: What is Michael Nikoletseas profession?
Answer: Neuroscientist

Question: How do Hawking and Mlodinow believe the question of God can be answered?
Answer: purely within the realm of science

Question: What is the name of Stephen Hawking's book?
Answer: The Grand Design

Question: Who was Hawking's co-author?
Answer: Leonard Mlodinow

Question: Who says the that whether there is or isn't a God are just like questions in natural science?
Answer: Michael Nikoletseas

Question: What is the name of the book by Michael Nikoletseas?

Question: What does Stephen Hawking think we can know about God?

Question: What is Leonard Mlodinow's profession?

Question: What does Michael Nikoletseas state in his book if God created the universe?

Question: What do both authors believe about God if you take a biological comparative approach?
God

Pascal Boyer argues that while there is a wide array of supernatural concepts found around the world, in general, supernatural beings tend to behave much like people. The construction of gods and spirits like persons is one of the best known traits of religion. He cites examples from Greek mythology, which is, in his opinion, more like a modern soap opera than other religious systems. Bertrand du Castel and Timothy Jurgensen demonstrate through formalization that Boyer's explanatory model matches physics' epistemology in positing not directly observable entities as intermediaries. Anthropologist Stewart Guthrie contends that people project human features onto non-human aspects of the world because it makes those aspects more familiar. Sigmund Freud also suggested that god concepts are projections of one's father.

Question: How does Pascal Boyer believe that gods and other supernatural beings behave?
Answer: much like people

Question: Why does Stewart Guthrie believe that people project their human features onto non human things?
Answer: it makes those aspects more familiar

Question: What did Frued believe about the belief in God?
Answer: god concepts are projections of one's father

Question: What is one of the most common traits of religion according to Boyer?
Answer: The construction of gods and spirits like persons

Question: Who argues that there are lots of supernatural things in the world?
Answer: Pascal Boyer

Question: How do supernatural entities act?
Answer: much like people

Question: Which religion does Boyer equate with a modern soap opera?
Answer: Greek mythology

Question: Who believed that gods are just projections of a person's father?
Answer: Sigmund Freud

Question: What does Sigmund Freud believe about the behavior of supernatural beings?

Question: What is one of the best known traits of Jurgensen's model?

Question: Why do people make spirits appear humanlike according to Timothy Jurgensen?

Question: What does Pascal Boyer believe religious systems are projections of?

Question: What is Sigmund Freud's opinion of Greek mythology?
God

Likewise, Émile Durkheim was one of the earliest to suggest that gods represent an extension of human social life to include supernatural beings. In line with this reasoning, psychologist Matt Rossano contends that when humans began living in larger groups, they may have created gods as a means of enforcing morality. In small groups, morality can be enforced by social forces such as gossip or reputation. However, it is much harder to enforce morality using social forces in much larger groups. Rossano indicates that by including ever-watchful gods and spirits, humans discovered an effective strategy for restraining selfishness and building more cooperative groups.

Question: What are ways that small social groups can force morality?
Answer: gossip or reputation

Question: Who suggested that by including the presence of an omniscient God, selfishness can be controlled and cooperation can be gained?
Answer: Matt Rossano

Question: What did Émile Durkheim suggest about the existence of God?
Answer: gods represent an extension of human social life to include supernatural beings

Question: Why would humans have begun to create gods?
Answer: a means of enforcing morality

Question: Who posited that humans created gods to create morality in social groups?
Answer: Matt Rossano

Question: Omnipresent gods are a way to watch large groups and enforce what?
Answer: morality

Question: Omniprestent gods helped build what?
Answer: more cooperative groups

Question: What concept did Matt Rossano suggest earlier than others?

Question: What does Emile Durkheim believe happened when humans live in groups?

Question: How can selfishness be restrained in large groups?

Question: Where is it harder to build cooperative groups?

Question: What did social forces use to enforce morality according to Durkheim?
God

St. Anselm's approach was to define God as, "that than which nothing greater can be conceived". Famed pantheist philosopher Baruch Spinoza would later carry this idea to its extreme: "By God I understand a being absolutely infinite, i.e., a substance consisting of infinite attributes, of which each one expresses an eternal and infinite essence." For Spinoza, the whole of the natural universe is made of one substance, God, or its equivalent, Nature. His proof for the existence of God was a variation of the Ontological argument.

Question: How did St. Anselm define the existence of God?
Answer: "that than which nothing greater can be conceived"

Question: Who said that God is "a substance consisting of infinite attributes"?
Answer: Baruch Spinoza

Question: What did Baruch Spinoza use as proof for the existence of God?
Answer: a variation of the Ontological argument

Question: What did Spinoza believe the world was made of?
Answer: one substance, God, or its equivalent, Nature

Question: Who defined god as "that than which nothing greater can be conceived"?
Answer: St. Anselm

Question: Name a famous pantheist?
Answer: Baruch Spinoza

Question: What was Spinoza's concept of God?
Answer: infinite

Question: Spinoza believed that the universe was made up of one substance which is?
Answer: God

Question: What does St. Anselm believe the universe is comprised of?

Question: What does St. Anselm used to prove God's existence?

Question: What does Baruch Spinoza believe nothing is greater than?

Question: What kind of philosopher is St Anselm?

Question: Who's idea about God did St. Anselm carry to its extreme?
God

Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary.

Question: How does Dawkins interpret evidence for or against the existence of God?
Answer: a lack of evidence for the material existence

Question: What do atheists believe of God?
Answer: an imaginary entity only

Question: How long has the thought of the existence of God been carried on?
Answer: trans-generational

Question: How does Dawkins interpret his findings on the existence, or not, of God.
Answer: a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God

Question: Who believes God isn't real?
Answer: Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris

Question: What fields are used by Richard Dawkins to prove God's existence?

Question: In what way does Richard Dawkins believe the existence of the universe has continued on in?

Question: Who has used findings to prove the existence of God in a trans-generational manner?

Question: What does Richard Dawkins believe describes the creation of the universe?

Question: Who uses cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience to prove God is omniscient?
God

According to the Omnipotence paradox or 'Paradox of the Stone', can God create a stone so heavy that he cannot lift it? Either he can or he can’t. If he can’t, the argument goes, then there is something that he cannot do, namely create the stone, and therefore he is not omnipotent. If he can, it continues, then there is also something that he cannot do, namely lift the stone, and therefore he is not omnipotent. Either way, then, God is not omnipotent. A being that is not omnipotent, though, is not God, according to many theological models. Such a God, therefore, does not exist. Several answers to this paradox have been proposed.

Question: What is the Omnipotence paradox?
Answer: can God create a stone so heavy that he cannot lift it

Question: What is another term for the Omnipotence paradox?
Answer: Paradox of the Stone

Question: Does either outcome of the Paradox of the Stone prove the existence of God?
Answer: God is not omnipotent. A being that is not omnipotent, though, is not God

Question: What shows God is not omnipotent if he creates a stone that he cannot lift?
Answer: there is something that he cannot do

Question: What must God be, in order to be a Supreme Being?
Answer: omnipotent

Question: What paradox states that if a god can't create a stone so heavy he can't lift it?
Answer: Paradox of the Stone

Question: What does the Paradox of the Stone posit?
Answer: he is not omnipotent

Question: What does it mean if a God is not omnipotent?
Answer: is not God

Question: Are there any answers to the Pradox of the Stone?
Answer: Several

Question: What question does the theological model paradox ask?

Question: How many arguments about God's power prove he exists?

Question: What is a term for the existence of God?

Question: What model proves that God can lift a stone he creates?

Question: If God can create a stone he can't lift, what proves he exists?
God

Different religious traditions assign differing (though often similar) attributes and characteristics to God, including expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature. The assignment of these attributes often differs according to the conceptions of God in the culture from which they arise. For example, attributes of God in Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism share certain similarities arising from their common roots.

Question: What do religions share across their belief structures?
Answer: similarities arising from their common roots

Question: What are some religious traditions that are found within differing religions?
Answer: expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature

Question: Who does Christianity share roots with?
Answer: attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

Question: How many Attributes of Mercy are in Judaism?
Answer: Thirteen

Question: What three religions share similar parts?
Answer: God in Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

Question: What three religions share similar beginnings?
Answer: Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

Question: What attributes do religions all roughly share?
Answer: expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature

Question: What beliefs have similar psychological characteristics?

Question: What reliegion does Islam share culture with?

Question: How many attributes of mercy are in Islam?

Question: What attributes do different cultures have?

Question: What is one thing Christianity assigns to different religions?
God

The gender of God may be viewed as either a literal or an allegorical aspect of a deity who, in classical western philosophy, transcends bodily form. Polytheistic religions commonly attribute to each of the gods a gender, allowing each to interact with any of the others, and perhaps with humans, sexually. In most monotheistic religions, God has no counterpart with which to relate sexually. Thus, in classical western philosophy the gender of this one-and-only deity is most likely to be an analogical statement of how humans and God address, and relate to, each other. Namely, God is seen as begetter of the world and revelation which corresponds to the active (as opposed to the receptive) role in sexual intercourse.

Question: How is sex by God handled in a monotheistic religion?
Answer: God has no counterpart with which to relate sexually

Question: How do polytheistic religions view sex by God or gods?
Answer: attribute to each of the gods a gender, allowing each to interact with any of the others, and perhaps with humans, sexually

Question: What is God's role in the creation of the world?
Answer: begetter

Question: In what ways can the gender of God be viewed?
Answer: literal or an allegorical aspect

Question: What do polytheistic religions assign to their gods?
Answer: gender

Question: What role does got serve in a sexual intercourse?
Answer: the active (as opposed to the receptive) role

Question: In which type of religion does God have no sexual partner?
Answer: monotheistic

Question: What does western philosophy attribute to each of the gods?

Question: What is the role of God's counterpart in creation?

Question: In what way can the sexuality of God's counterpart be viewed?

Question: How does western philosophy allow God to act with humans?

Question: What does the counterpart of God transcend?
God

Prayer plays a significant role among many believers. Muslims believe that the purpose of existence is to worship God. He is viewed as a personal God and there are no intermediaries, such as clergy, to contact God. Prayer often also includes supplication and asking forgiveness. God is often believed to be forgiving. For example, a hadith states God would replace a sinless people with one who sinned but still asked repentance. Christian theologian Alister McGrath writes that there are good reasons to suggest that a "personal god" is integral to the Christian outlook, but that one has to understand it is an analogy. "To say that God is like a person is to affirm the divine ability and willingness to relate to others. This does not imply that God is human, or located at a specific point in the universe."

Question: What is a muslims life purpose?
Answer: to worship God

Question: What aspect does Alister McGrath argue is important in Christianity?
Answer: a "personal god"

Question: What does prayer usually include in Islam?
Answer: forgiveness

Question: What type of God is the Muslim God?
Answer: forgiving

Question: What does Alister McGrath write about the existence of the muslim god?

Question: What kind of role does a personal god play with Alister McGrath?

Question: What is the purpose of life for Christians?

Question: What is an example of an intermediary in Islam?

Question: What are two things the worship of God includes?
God

Adherents of different religions generally disagree as to how to best worship God and what is God's plan for mankind, if there is one. There are different approaches to reconciling the contradictory claims of monotheistic religions. One view is taken by exclusivists, who believe they are the chosen people or have exclusive access to absolute truth, generally through revelation or encounter with the Divine, which adherents of other religions do not. Another view is religious pluralism. A pluralist typically believes that his religion is the right one, but does not deny the partial truth of other religions. An example of a pluralist view in Christianity is supersessionism, i.e., the belief that one's religion is the fulfillment of previous religions. A third approach is relativistic inclusivism, where everybody is seen as equally right; an example being universalism: the doctrine that salvation is eventually available for everyone. A fourth approach is syncretism, mixing different elements from different religions. An example of syncretism is the New Age movement.

Question: Who believe they are the one and only chosen few?
Answer: exclusivists

Question: Who believe that they are the only people that know the truth?
Answer: exclusivists

Question: What is one called that believes he has the one religion, but that the others aren't necessarily wrong?
Answer: pluralism

Question: What is it called when someone belives that their own religion is an advancement of older religions?
Answer: supersessionism

Question: What is a religion that believes that all religions are correct?
Answer: universalism

Question: What is one thing exclusivists don't have that Christians do?

Question: What is an example of syncretism in Christianity?

Question: What does a pluralist believe that is eventually available to all?

Question: What does the New Age movement believe they have exclusive access to?

Question: How does the New Age movement believe it has access to absolute truth??
God

Many medieval philosophers developed arguments for the existence of God, while attempting to comprehend the precise implications of God's attributes. Reconciling some of those attributes generated important philosophical problems and debates. For example, God's omniscience may seem to imply that God knows how free agents will choose to act. If God does know this, their ostensible free will might be illusory, or foreknowledge does not imply predestination, and if God does not know it, God may not be omniscient.

Question: What does it mean if God can't predict the future?
Answer: God may not be omniscient.

Question: Who posited the existence of God?
Answer: medieval philosophers

Question: What philosophical debates arose in the middle ages?
Answer: God's omniscience

Question: What does it mean if medieval philosophers think God is predestined?

Question: Who developed arguments for God  being philosophical?

Question: What did free agents attempt to comprehend about God?

Question: What will happen during a debate according to God's foreknowledge?

Question: What were philosophical debates about among free agents?
God

The last centuries of philosophy have seen vigorous questions regarding the arguments for God's existence raised by such philosophers as Immanuel Kant, David Hume and Antony Flew, although Kant held that the argument from morality was valid. The theist response has been either to contend, as does Alvin Plantinga, that faith is "properly basic", or to take, as does Richard Swinburne, the evidentialist position. Some theists agree that none of the arguments for God's existence are compelling, but argue that faith is not a product of reason, but requires risk. There would be no risk, they say, if the arguments for God's existence were as solid as the laws of logic, a position summed up by Pascal as "the heart has reasons of which reason does not know." A recent theory using concepts from physics and neurophysiology proposes that God can be conceptualized within the theory of integrative level.

Question: How does Alvin Plantinga describe faith?
Answer: "properly basic"

Question: Who stated "the heart has reasons of which reason does not know"?
Answer: Pascal

Question: Which philosopher takes the evidentialist position?
Answer: Richard Swinburne

Question: Name three philosophers of the last 100 years arguing for the existence of God?
Answer: Immanuel Kant, David Hume and Antony Flew

Question: What did David Hume think about the argument from morality?

Question: What does Pascal think about faith?

Question: What does Antony Flew believe physics requires?

Question: What two areas are used to say the arguments for God's existence are solid?

Question: What three philosophers believed that God can be conceptualized in the integrative level theory?
War_on_Terror

On 16 September 2001, at Camp David, President George W. Bush used the phrase war on terrorism in an unscripted and controversial comment when he said, "This crusade – this war on terrorism – is going to take a while, ... " Bush later apologized for this remark due to the negative connotations the term crusade has to people, e.g. of Muslim faith. The word crusade was not used again. On 20 September 2001, during a televised address to a joint session of congress, Bush stated that, "(o)ur 'war on terror' begins with al-Qaeda, but it does not end there. It will not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped, and defeated."

Question: When did George W. Bush first say 'war on terrorism'?
Answer: 16 September 2001

Question: Which word did George W. Bush apologize for using when talking about the war?
Answer: crusade

Question: When did George W. Bush first say 'war on terror'?
Answer: 20 September 2001

Question: Where did Bush say the 'war on terror' begins?
Answer: with al-Qaeda

Question: When did Bush say the 'war on terror' ends?
Answer: every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped, and defeated

Question: What controversial term did George W. Bush use on 20 September 2001?

Question: Where did George W. Bush give his 20 September 2001 address from?

Question: What part of the government did George W. Bush address on 16 September 2001?

Question: What day did George W. Bush apologize for the word crusade?

Question: Where was Bush during the televised address?

Question: Who protested the use of the word crusade?

Question: What faith used the term "crusade" in reference to terrorism?

Question: When was the second time Bush referred to the war as a crusade?
War_on_Terror

U.S. President Barack Obama has rarely used the term, but in his inaugural address on 20 January 2009, he stated "Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred." In March 2009 the Defense Department officially changed the name of operations from "Global War on Terror" to "Overseas Contingency Operation" (OCO). In March 2009, the Obama administration requested that Pentagon staff members avoid use of the term, instead using "Overseas Contingency Operation". Basic objectives of the Bush administration "war on terror", such as targeting al Qaeda and building international counterterrorism alliances, remain in place. In December 2012, Jeh Johnson, the General Counsel of the Department of Defense, stated that the military fight will be replaced by a law enforcement operation when speaking at Oxford University, predicting that al Qaeda will be so weakened to be ineffective, and has been "effectively destroyed", and thus the conflict will not be an armed conflict under international law. In May 2013, Obama stated that the goal is "to dismantle specific networks of violent extremists that threaten America"; which coincided with the U.S. Office of Management and Budget having changed the wording from "Overseas Contingency Operations" to "Countering Violent Extremism" in 2010.

Question: What did Obama say the US is at war with, in 2009?
Answer: a far-reaching network of violence and hatred

Question: What was the "Global War on Terror" officially renamed to in March 2009?
Answer: Overseas Contingency Operation

Question: What term did Obama want the government to stop using?
Answer: war on terror

Question: Who said in 2012 that the fight would change from military to law enforcement?
Answer: Jeh Johnson

Question: What was the  "Overseas Contingency Operations" renamed to in 2010?
Answer: Countering Violent Extremism

Question: What did Barack Obama change the name of "Global War on Terror' to?

Question: What is the OOC also known as?

Question: Who spoke at Oxford University in December of 2013?

Question: Who defined the goal in a speech in May of 2012?

Question: What year was "Overseas Contingency Operations" changed to "Violent Extremism Countering?"

Question: What was the Overseas Contingency Operation renamed as in 2009?

Question: What did the Defense Department change its name to?

Question: What university did Jeh Johnson work for?

Question: What did Obama say the military fight would be replaced with?

Question: Who did Pentagon staff members request to avoid the term war on terror?
War_on_Terror

Because the actions involved in the "war on terrorism" are diffuse, and the criteria for inclusion are unclear, political theorist Richard Jackson has argued that "the 'war on terrorism' therefore, is simultaneously a set of actual practices—wars, covert operations, agencies, and institutions—and an accompanying series of assumptions, beliefs, justifications, and narratives—it is an entire language or discourse." Jackson cites among many examples a statement by John Ashcroft that "the attacks of September 11 drew a bright line of demarcation between the civil and the savage". Administration officials also described "terrorists" as hateful, treacherous, barbarous, mad, twisted, perverted, without faith, parasitical, inhuman, and, most commonly, evil. Americans, in contrast, were described as brave, loving, generous, strong, resourceful, heroic, and respectful of human rights.

Question: Who said the 'war on terrorism' is 'an entire language of discourse'?
Answer: Richard Jackson

Question: Who said that 9/11 drew a line between 'the civil and the savage'?
Answer: John Ashcroft

Question: What did the Bush administration describe as parasitical?
Answer: terrorists

Question: What did the Bush administration describe as heroic?
Answer: Americans

Question: What job title does Richard Ashcroft hold?

Question: What statement did John Jackson give?

Question: What has Richard Ashcroft argued about the "war on terrorism?"

Question: Of whom does Richard Jackson cite many examples?

Question: Who said the actions involved in war on terrorism are diffuse?

Question: What is John Ashcroft's job?

Question: Who did Jackson say was treacherous?

Question: Who did Ashcroft say was brave?

Question: What has clear criteria?
War_on_Terror

The origins of al-Qaeda can be traced to the Soviet war in Afghanistan (December 1979 – February 1989). The United States, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and the People's Republic of China supported the Islamist Afghan mujahadeen guerillas against the military forces of the Soviet Union and the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. A small number of "Afghan Arab" volunteers joined the fight against the Soviets, including Osama bin Laden, but there is no evidence they received any external assistance. In May 1996 the group World Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders (WIFJAJC), sponsored by bin Laden (and later re-formed as al-Qaeda), started forming a large base of operations in Afghanistan, where the Islamist extremist regime of the Taliban had seized power earlier in the year. In February 1998, Osama bin Laden signed a fatwā, as head of al-Qaeda, declaring war on the West and Israel, later in May of that same year al-Qaeda released a video declaring war on the U.S. and the West.

Question: Which war gave birth to al-Qaeda?
Answer: the Soviet war in Afghanistan

Question: When did the Soviets leave Afghanistan?
Answer: February 1989

Question: Which countries supported Afghan islamists against the Soviets?
Answer: United States, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and the People's Republic of China

Question: Who did Osama bin Laden volunteer to help fight in the 80s?
Answer: Soviets

Question: Which group later became al-Qaeda?
Answer: World Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders

Question: What took place from February 1979 to December 1989?

Question: What group started forming in February 1996?

Question: What did Osama bin Laden sign in May 1998?

Question: Who did Osama bin Laden declare war against in a February 1998 video?

Question: What is the WIJFAJC also known as?

Question: What war did al-Qaeda start in 1979?

Question: Who sponsored bin Laden in 1996?

Question: What was WIFJAJC originally called?

Question: What document declared war on the Soviet Union?

Question: Who volunteered to fight with the Islamist Afghan mujahadeen guerillas?
War_on_Terror

On 7 August 1998, al-Qaeda struck the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, killing 224 people, including 12 Americans. In retaliation, U.S. President Bill Clinton launched Operation Infinite Reach, a bombing campaign in Sudan and Afghanistan against targets the U.S. asserted were associated with WIFJAJC, although others have questioned whether a pharmaceutical plant in Sudan was used as a chemical warfare plant. The plant produced much of the region's antimalarial drugs and around 50% of Sudan's pharmaceutical needs. The strikes failed to kill any leaders of WIFJAJC or the Taliban.

Question: When did al-Qaeda attack the US embassy in Kenya?
Answer: 7 August 1998

Question: How many people were killed when al-Qaeda attacked US embassies in 1998?
Answer: 224

Question: How many Americans were killed when al-Qaeda attacked US embassies in 1998?
Answer: 12

Question: What operation did Bill Clinton start to retaliate for the 1998 embassy attacks?
Answer: Operation Infinite Reach

Question: How much of Sudan's medicines were produced by a pharmaceutical plant Clinton's operation bombed?
Answer: around 50%

Question: What happened on 8 August 1997?

Question: Who launched Operation Reach Infinite?

Question: Where was the pharmaceutical plant said to produce 12% of Sudan's pharmaceutical needs?

Question: What happened to kill 224 people, including 50 Americans?

Question: How many people did Operation Infinite Reach kill?

Question: When was Operation Infinite Reach launched?

Question: What percentage of Afghanistan's pharmaceutical needs were produced by the plant?

Question: What operation killed several members of the Taliban?

Question: Which US embassies were bombed in Operation Infinite Reach?
War_on_Terror

On the morning of 11 September 2001, 19 men affiliated with al-Qaeda hijacked four airliners all bound for California. Once the hijackers assumed control of the airliners, they told the passengers that they had the bomb on board and would spare the lives of passengers and crew once their demands were met – no passenger and crew actually suspected that they would use the airliners as suicide weapons since it had never happened before in history. The hijackers – members of al-Qaeda's Hamburg cell – intentionally crashed two airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. Both buildings collapsed within two hours from fire damage related to the crashes, destroying nearby buildings and damaging others. The hijackers crashed a third airliner into the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia, just outside Washington D.C. The fourth plane crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, after some of its passengers and flight crew attempted to retake control of the plane, which the hijackers had redirected toward Washington D.C., to target the White House, or the U.S. Capitol. No flights had survivors. A total of 2,977 victims and the 19 hijackers perished in the attacks.

Question: How many al-Qaeda operatives hijacked planes on 9/11?
Answer: 19

Question: How many planes were hijacked on 9/11?
Answer: four

Question: Where were the 9/11 planes originally going?
Answer: California

Question: Which al-Qaeda cell were the 9/11 hijackers members of?
Answer: Hamburg

Question: How soon after planes crashed into them did the WTC towers collapse?
Answer: within two hours

Question: What building is located in Shanksville, Virginia?

Question: What area of Arlington, Pennsylvania did the fourth plane crash?

Question: How many victims perished in addition to the 11 hijackers in the attacks?

Question: Where were the airliners leaving from?

Question: How long did it take for the Pentagon to collapse?

Question: How many passengers died?

Question: What cell were the passengers and crew part of?

Question: Which plane crashed into the White House?