Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Chinese_characters

The total number of Chinese characters from past to present remains unknowable because new ones are developed all the time – for instance, brands may create new characters when none of the existing ones allow for the intended meaning. Chinese characters are theoretically an open set and anyone can create new characters, though such inventions are rarely included in official character sets. The number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory.

Question: What remains unknowable?
Answer: The total number of Chinese characters from past to present

Question: What becomes developed all the time?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory?
Answer: number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries
Chinese_characters

One of the most complex characters found in modern Chinese dictionaries[g] is 齉 (U+9F49) (nàng,  listen (help·info), pictured below, middle image), meaning "snuffle" (that is, a pronunciation marred by a blocked nose), with "just" thirty-six strokes. However, this is not in common use. The most complex character that can be input using the Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a for traditional Chinese is 龘 (dá, "the appearance of a dragon flying"). It is composed of the dragon radical represented three times, for a total of 16 × 3 = 48 strokes. Among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries and also in frequent modern use are 籲 (yù, "to implore"), with 32 strokes; 鬱 (yù, "luxuriant, lush; gloomy"), with 29 strokes, as in 憂鬱 (yōuyù, "depressed"); 豔 (yàn, "colorful"), with 28 strokes; and 釁 (xìn, "quarrel"), with 25 strokes, as in 挑釁 (tiǎoxìn, "to pick a fight"). Also in occasional modern use is 鱻 (xiān "fresh"; variant of 鮮 xiān) with 33 strokes.

Question: What is one of the most complex characters in modern Chinese dictionaries?
Answer: U+9F49

Question: What features 33 strokes?
Answer: xiān

Question: What are among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries? 
Answer: yù
Chinese_characters

There are also some extremely complex characters which have understandably become rather rare. According to Joël Bellassen (1989), the most complex Chinese character is /𪚥 (U+2A6A5) zhé  listen (help·info), meaning "verbose" and containing sixty-four strokes; this character fell from use around the 5th century. It might be argued, however, that while containing the most strokes, it is not necessarily the most complex character (in terms of difficulty), as it simply requires writing the same sixteen-stroke character 龍 lóng (lit. "dragon") four times in the space for one. Another 64-stroke character is /𠔻 (U+2053B) zhèng composed of 興 xīng/xìng (lit. "flourish") four times.

Question: What have become more rare?
Answer: complex characters

Question: What is the most complex Chinese character?
Answer: zhé

Question: What is one 64-stroke character?
Answer: zhèng
Chinese_characters

One man who has encountered this problem is Taiwanese politician Yu Shyi-kun, due to the rarity of the last character in his name. Newspapers have dealt with this problem in varying ways, including using software to combine two existing, similar characters, including a picture of the personality, or, especially as is the case with Yu Shyi-kun, simply substituting a homophone for the rare character in the hope that the reader would be able to make the correct inference. Taiwanese political posters, movie posters etc. will often add the bopomofo phonetic symbols next to such a character. Japanese newspapers may render such names and words in katakana instead of kanji, and it is accepted practice for people to write names for which they are unsure of the correct kanji in katakana instead.

Question: Who is a Taiwanese politician?
Answer: Yu Shyi-kun

Question: What will often add bopomofo phonetic symbols?
Answer: movie posters

Question: What may render certain names in katakana instead of kanji?
Answer: Japanese newspapers
Chinese_characters

The use of such contractions is as old as Chinese characters themselves, and they have frequently been found in religious or ritual use. In the Oracle Bone script, personal names, ritual items, and even phrases such as 受又(祐) shòu yòu "receive blessings" are commonly contracted into single characters. A dramatic example is that in medieval manuscripts 菩薩 púsà "bodhisattva" (simplified: 菩萨) is sometimes written with a single character formed of a 2×2 grid of four 十 (derived from the grass radical over two 十). However, for the sake of consistency and standardization, the CPC seeks to limit the use of such polysyllabic characters in public writing to ensure that every character only has one syllable.

Question: What have been constantly found in religious or ritual use?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What seeks to limit the use of polysyllabic characters?
Answer: CPC

Question: What is sometimes written as a single character?
Answer: bodhisattva
Chinese_characters

Modern examples particularly include Chinese characters for SI units. In Chinese these units are disyllabic and standardly written with two characters, as 厘米 límǐ "centimeter" (厘 centi-, 米 meter) or 千瓦 qiānwǎ "kilowatt". However, in the 19th century these were often written via compound characters, pronounced disyllabically, such as 瓩 for 千瓦 or 糎 for 厘米 – some of these characters were also used in Japan, where they were pronounced with borrowed European readings instead. These have now fallen out of general use, but are occasionally seen. Less systematic examples include 圕 túshūguǎn "library", a contraction of 圖書館, A four-morpheme word, 社会主义 shèhuì zhǔyì "socialism", is commonly written with a single character formed by combining the last character, 义, with the radical of the first, 社, yielding roughly 礻义.

Question: What are disyllabic and usually written with two characters?
Answer: SI units

Question: What is a less systematic example?
Answer: túshūguǎn

Question: What is commonly written with a single character formed by combining the last character with the radical of the first?
Answer: socialism
Chinese_characters

A commonly seen example is the double happiness symbol 囍, formed as a ligature of 喜喜 and referred to by its disyllabic name (simplified Chinese: 双喜; traditional Chinese: 雙喜; pinyin: shuāngxǐ). In handwriting, numbers are very frequently squeezed into one space or combined – common ligatures include 廿 niàn, "twenty", normally read as 二十 èrshí, 卅 sà, "thirty", normally read as 三十 sānshí, and 卌 xì "forty", normally read as 四十 "sìshí". In some cases counters are also merged into one character, such as 七十人 qīshí rén "seventy people". Another common abbreviation is 门 with a "T" written inside it, for 問題, 问题, wèntí ("question; problem"), where the "T" is from pinyin for the second syllable tí 题. Since polysyllabic characters are often non-standard, they are often excluded incharcter dictionaries.

Question: What characters are often non-standard?
Answer: polysyllabic

Question: What is a commonly seen example?
Answer: double happiness symbol

Question: What is formed as a ligature?
Answer: double happiness symbol
Chinese_characters

In certain cases compound words and set phrases may be contracted into single characters. Some of these can be considered logograms, where characters represent whole words rather than syllable-morphemes, though these are generally instead considered ligatures or abbreviations (similar to scribal abbreviations, such as & for "et"), and as non-standard. These do see use, particularly in handwriting or decoration, but also in some cases in print. In Chinese, these ligatures are called héwén (合文), héshū (合書) or hétǐzì (合体字), and in the special case of combining two characters, these are known as "two-syllable Chinese characters" (双音节汉字, 雙音節漢字).

Question: What may be contracted into single characters?
Answer: compound words and set phrases

Question: What can be considered as set phrases?
Answer: single characters

Question: What are logograms?
Answer: characters represent whole words rather than syllable-morphemes
Chinese_characters

Chinese characters are primarily morphosyllabic, meaning that most Chinese morphemes are monosyllabic and are written with a single character, though in modern Chinese most words are disyllabic and dimorphemic, consisting of two syllables, each of which is a morpheme. In modern Chinese 10% of morphemes only occur as part of a given compound. However, a few morphemes are disyllabic, some of them dating back to Classical Chinese. Excluding foreign loan words, these are typically words for plants and small animals. They are usually written with a pair of phono-semantic compound characters sharing a common radical. Examples are 蝴蝶 húdié "butterfly" and 珊瑚 shānhú "coral". Note that the 蝴 hú of húdié and the 瑚 hú of shānhú have the same phonetic, 胡, but different radicals ("insect" and "jade", respectively). Neither exists as an independent morpheme except as a poetic abbreviation of the disyllabic word.

Question: What are primarily morphosyllabic?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What are written with a single character?
Answer: Chinese morphemes

Question: What have the same phonetic, but different radicals?
Answer: 蝴 hú of húdié and the 瑚 hú of shānhú
Chinese_characters

In addition to strictness in character size and shape, Chinese characters are written with very precise rules. The most important rules regard the strokes employed, stroke placement, and stroke order. Just as each region that uses Chinese characters has standardized character forms, each also has standardized stroke orders, with each standard being different. Most characters can be written with just one correct stroke order, though some words also have many valid stroke orders, which may occasionally result in different stroke counts. Some characters are also written with different stroke orders due to character simplification.

Question: What are written with very precise rules?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What has standardized character forms?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What are also written with different stroke orders due to character simplification?
Answer: characters
Chinese_characters

Just as Roman letters have a characteristic shape (lower-case letters mostly occupying the x-height, with ascenders or descenders on some letters), Chinese characters occupy a more or less square area in which the components of every character are written to fit in order to maintain a uniform size and shape, especially with small printed characters in Ming and sans-serif styles. Because of this, beginners often practise writing on squared graph paper, and the Chinese sometimes use the term "Square-Block Characters" (方块字 / 方塊字, fāngkuàizì), sometimes translated as tetragraph, in reference to Chinese characters.

Question: What have a characteristic shape?
Answer: Roman letters

Question: What occupy a more or less space area?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What can sometimes be translated as tetragraph?
Answer: Square-Block Characters
Chinese_characters

Regular script typefaces are also commonly used, but not as common as Ming or sans-serif typefaces for body text. Regular script typefaces are often used to teach students Chinese characters, and often aim to match the standard forms of the region where they are meant to be used. Most typefaces in the Song dynasty were regular script typefaces which resembled a particular person's handwriting (e.g. the handwriting of Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing, or Liu Gongquan), while most modern regular script typefaces tend toward anonymity and regularity.

Question: What are commonly used?
Answer: Regular script typefaces

Question: What are often used to teach students Chinese characters?
Answer: Regular script typefaces

Question: What resembles an actual person's handwriting?
Answer: handwriting of Ouyang Xun
Chinese_characters

The art of writing Chinese characters is called Chinese calligraphy. It is usually done with ink brushes. In ancient China, Chinese calligraphy is one of the Four Arts of the Chinese Scholars. There is a minimalist set of rules of Chinese calligraphy. Every character from the Chinese scripts is built into a uniform shape by means of assigning it a geometric area in which the character must occur. Each character has a set number of brushstrokes; none must be added or taken away from the character to enhance it visually, lest the meaning be lost. Finally, strict regularity is not required, meaning the strokes may be accentuated for dramatic effect of individual style. Calligraphy was the means by which scholars could mark their thoughts and teachings for immortality, and as such, represent some of the more precious treasures that can be found from ancient China.

Question: What is the art of writing Chinese characters?
Answer: Chinese calligraphy

Question: What is one of the Four Arts of the Chinese Scholars?
Answer: Chinese calligraphy

Question: What is not required?
Answer: strict regularity
Chinese_characters

The cursive script (草書(书), cǎoshū, literally "grass script") is used informally. The basic character shapes are suggested, rather than explicitly realized, and the abbreviations are sometimes extreme. Despite being cursive to the point where individual strokes are no longer differentiable and the characters often illegible to the untrained eye, this script (also known as draft) is highly revered for the beauty and freedom that it embodies. Some of the simplified Chinese characters adopted by the People's Republic of China, and some simplified characters used in Japan, are derived from the cursive script. The Japanese hiragana script is also derived from this script.

Question: What script is used informally?
Answer: cursive

Question: What are suggested, rather than explicitly realized?
Answer: basic character shapes

Question: What script is derived from the cursive script?
Answer: Japanese hiragana script
Chinese_characters

The following is a comparison of Chinese characters in the Standard Form of National Characters, a common traditional Chinese standard used in Taiwan, the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters, the standard for Mainland Chinese simplified Chinese characters, and the jōyō kanji, the standard for Japanese kanji. Generally, the jōyō kanji are more similar to traditional Chinese characters than simplified Chinese characters are to traditional Chinese characters. "Simplified" refers to having significant differences from the Taiwan standard, not necessarily being a newly created character or a newly performed substitution. The characters in the Hong Kong standard and the Kangxi Dictionary are also known as "Traditional," but are not shown.

Question: What are also known as "traditional"?
Answer: characters in the Hong Kong standard and the Kangxi Dictionary

Question: What is usually more similar to traditional Chinese characters?
Answer: jōyō kanji

Question: What is commonly used in Taiwan?
Answer: Table of General Standard Chinese Characters
Chinese_characters

In the years after World War II, the Japanese government also instituted a series of orthographic reforms. Some characters were given simplified forms called shinjitai 新字体 (lit. "new character forms", the older forms were then labelled the kyūjitai 旧字体, lit. "old character forms"). The number of characters in common use was restricted, and formal lists of characters to be learned during each grade of school were established, first the 1850-character tōyō kanji 当用漢字 list in 1945, the 1945-character jōyō kanji 常用漢字 list in 1981, and a 2136-character reformed version of the jōyō kanji in 2010. Many variant forms of characters and obscure alternatives for common characters were officially discouraged. This was done with the goal of facilitating learning for children and simplifying kanji use in literature and periodicals. These are simply guidelines, hence many characters outside these standards are still widely known and commonly used, especially those used for personal and place names (for the latter, see jinmeiyō kanji),[citation needed] as well as for some common words such as "dragon" (Japanese kana: たつ, Rōmaji: tatsu) in which both the shinjitai 竜 and the kyūjitai 龍 forms of the kanji are both acceptable and widely known amongst native Japanese speakers.

Question: What did the Japanese government institute? 
Answer: series of orthographic reforms

Question: What was restricted?
Answer: The number of characters in common use

Question: When was the 2136 character reformed?
Answer: 2010
Chinese_characters

The majority of simplified characters are drawn from conventional abbreviated forms, or ancient standard forms. For example, the orthodox character 來 lái ("come") was written with the structure 来 in the clerical script (隶书 / 隸書, lìshū) of the Han dynasty. This clerical form uses one fewer stroke, and was thus adopted as a simplified form. The character 雲 yún ("cloud") was written with the structure 云 in the oracle bone script of the Shang dynasty, and had remained in use later as a phonetic loan in the meaning of "to say" while the 雨 radical was added to differentiate meanings. The simplified form adopts the original structure.

Question: What are drawn from conventional abbreviated forms?
Answer: majority of simplified characters

Question: What was written with the structure in the clerical script?
Answer: orthodox character

Question: What script uses one fewer stroke?
Answer: clerical script
Chinese_characters

The People's Republic of China issued its first round of official character simplifications in two documents, the first in 1956 and the second in 1964. A second round of character simplifications (known as erjian, or "second round simplified characters") was promulgated in 1977. It was poorly received, and in 1986 the authorities rescinded the second round completely, while making six revisions to the 1964 list, including the restoration of three traditional characters that had been simplified: 叠 dié, 覆 fù, 像 xiàng.

Question: Who issued its first round of character simplifications in two documents?
Answer: The People's Republic of China

Question: When was a second round announced?
Answer: 1977

Question: How was the second round received?
Answer: poorly
Chinese_characters

Although most often associated with the People's Republic of China, character simplification predates the 1949 communist victory. Caoshu, cursive written text, almost always includes character simplification, and simplified forms have always existed in print, albeit not for the most formal works. In the 1930s and 1940s, discussions on character simplification took place within the Kuomintang government, and a large number of Chinese intellectuals and writers have long maintained that character simplification would help boost literacy in China. Indeed, this desire by the Kuomintang to simplify the Chinese writing system (inherited and implemented by the Communist Party of China) also nursed aspirations of some for the adoption of a phonetic script based on the Latin script, and spawned such inventions as the Gwoyeu Romatzyh.

Question: What almost always includes character simplification?
Answer: Caoshu

Question: What is Caoshu?
Answer: cursive written text

Question: When did discussions of character simplification take place?
Answer: In the 1930s and 1940s
Chinese_characters

The use of traditional Chinese characters versus simplified Chinese characters varies greatly, and can depend on both the local customs and the medium. Before the official reform, character simplifications were not officially sanctioned and generally adopted vulgar variants and idiosyncratic substitutions. Orthodox variants were mandatory in printed works, while the (unofficial) simplified characters would be used in everyday writing or quick notes. Since the 1950s, and especially with the publication of the 1964 list, the People's Republic of China has officially adopted simplified Chinese characters for use in mainland China, while Hong Kong, Macau, and the Republic of China (Taiwan) were not affected by the reform. There is no absolute rule for using either system, and often it is determined by what the target audience understands, as well as the upbringing of the writer.

Question: What varies greatly?
Answer: The use of traditional Chinese characters versus simplified Chinese characters

Question: What were mandatory in printed works?
Answer: Orthodox variants

Question: What were adopted for use in mainland China?
Answer: Chinese characters
Chinese_characters

According to the Rev. John Gulick: "The inhabitants of other Asiatic nations, who have had occasion to represent the words of their several languages by Chinese characters, have as a rule used unaspirated characters for the sounds, g, d, b. The Muslims from Arabia and Persia have followed this method … The Mongols, Manchu, and Japanese also constantly select unaspirated characters to represent the sounds g, d, b, and j of their languages. These surrounding Asiatic nations, in writing Chinese words in their own alphabets, have uniformly used g, d, b, & c., to represent the unaspirated sounds."

Question: Who is John Gulick?
Answer: Rev

Question: Who constantly selected unaspirated characters?
Answer: Mongols, Manchu, and Japanese

Question: Who have followed this method?
Answer: Muslims from Arabia and Persia
Chinese_characters

Although Chinese characters in Vietnam are now limited to ceremonial uses, they were once in widespread use. Until the early 20th century, Literary Chinese was used in Vietnam for all official and scholarly writing. Around the 13th century the Nôm script was developed to record folk literature in the Vietnamese language. The script used Chinese characters to represent both borrowed Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and native words with similar pronunciation or meaning. In addition thousands of new compound characters were created to write Vietnamese words. This process resulted in a highly complex system that was never mastered by more than 5% of the population. Both Literary Chinese and Nôm were replaced in the early 20th century by Vietnamese written with the Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet.

Question: What is now limited to ceremonial uses?
Answer: Chinese characters in Vietnam

Question: What were once in widespread use?
Answer: Chinese characters in Vietnam

Question: What was used in schooling?
Answer: Literary Chinese
Chinese_characters

After Kim Jong Il, the second ruler of North Korea, died in December 2011, Kim Jong Un stepped up and began mandating the use of Hanja as a source of definition for the Korean language. Currently, it is said that North Korea teaches around 3,000 Hanja characters to North Korean students, and in some cases, the characters appear within advertisements and newspapers. However, it is also said that the authorities implore students not to use the characters in public. Due to North Korea's strict isolationism, accurate reports about hanja use in North Korea are hard to obtain.

Question: When did the second ruler of North Korea pass away?
Answer: December 2011

Question: Who stepped up after 2011?
Answer: Kim Jong Un

Question: Who began moderating the use of Hanja?
Answer: Kim Jong Un
Chinese_characters

When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a particular hanja. For example, the name for the hanja 水 is 물 수 (mul-su) in which 물 (mul) is the native Korean pronunciation for "water", while 수 (su) is the Sino-Korean pronunciation of the character. The naming of hanja is similar to if "water" were named "water-aqua", "horse-equus", or "gold-aurum" based on a hybridization of both the English and the Latin names. Other examples include 사람 인 (saram-in) for 人 "person/people", 큰 대 (keun-dae) for 大 "big/large//great", 작을 소 (jakeul-so) for 小 "small/little", 아래 하 (arae-ha) for 下 "underneath/below/low", 아비 부 (abi-bu) for 父 "father", and 나라이름 한 (naraimreum-han) for 韓 "Han/Korea".

Question: What are students taught to memorize?
Answer: native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning

Question: What is name of the hanja?
Answer: mul-su

Question: What is the Korean pronunciation of water?
Answer: mul
Chinese_characters

There is a clear trend toward the exclusive use of hangul in day-to-day South Korean society. Hanja are still used to some extent, particularly in newspapers, weddings, place names and calligraphy (although it is nowhere near the extent of kanji use in day-to-day Japanese society). Hanja is also extensively used in situations where ambiguity must be avoided,[citation needed] such as academic papers, high-level corporate reports, government documents, and newspapers; this is due to the large number of homonyms that have resulted from extensive borrowing of Chinese words.

Question: What is still being used according to experts?
Answer: Hanja

Question: What is used in situations where ambiguity must be avoided?
Answer: Hanja

Question: What is considered a location with a high level of ambiguity?
Answer: weddings
Chinese_characters

In times past, until the 15th century, in Korea, Literary Chinese was the dominant form of written communication, prior to the creation of hangul, the Korean alphabet. Much of the vocabulary, especially in the realms of science and sociology, comes directly from Chinese, comparable to Latin or Greek root words in European languages. However, due to the lack of tones in Korean,[citation needed] as the words were imported from Chinese, many dissimilar characters took on identical sounds, and subsequently identical spelling in hangul.[citation needed] Chinese characters are sometimes used to this day for either clarification in a practical manner, or to give a distinguished appearance, as knowledge of Chinese characters is considered a high class attribute and an indispensable part of a classical education.[citation needed] It is also observed that the preference for Chinese characters is treated as being conservative and Confucian.

Question: What was the dominant form of written communication?
Answer: Literary Chinese

Question: What is treated as being conservative and confucian?
Answer: Chinese characters

Question: What comes directly from China?
Answer: science and sociology
Chinese_characters

Written Japanese also includes a pair of syllabaries known as kana, derived by simplifying Chinese characters selected to represent syllables of Japanese. The syllabaries differ because they sometimes selected different characters for a syllable, and because they used different strategies to reduce these characters for easy writing: the angular katakana were obtained by selecting a part of each character, while hiragana were derived from the cursive forms of whole characters. Modern Japanese writing uses a composite system, using kanji for word stems, hiragana for inflexional endings and grammatical words, and katakana to transcribe non-Chinese loanwords as well as serve as a method to emphasize native words (similar to how italics are used in Romance languages).

Question: What also includes a pair of syllabaries?
Answer: Written Japanese

Question: Why do the syllabaries differ?
Answer: they sometimes selected different characters for a syllable

Question: What uses a composite system?
Answer: Modern Japanese writing
Chinese_characters

Although most of the simplified Chinese characters in use today are the result of the works moderated by the government of the People's Republic of China in the 1950s and 60s, character simplification predates the republic's formation in 1949. One of the earliest proponents of character simplification was Lufei Kui, who proposed in 1909 that simplified characters should be used in education. In the years following the May Fourth Movement in 1919, many anti-imperialist Chinese intellectuals sought ways to modernise China. In the 1930s and 1940s, discussions on character simplification took place within the Kuomintang government, and many Chinese intellectuals and writers have long maintained that character simplification would help boost literacy in China. In many world languages, literacy has been promoted as a justification for spelling reforms. The People's Republic of China issued its first round of official character simplifications in two documents, the first in 1956 and the second in 1964. In the 1950s and 1960s, while confusion about simplified characters was still rampant, transitional characters that mixed simplified parts with yet-to-be simplified parts of characters together appeared briefly, then disappeared.

Question: What has been promoted as a justification for spelling reforms?
Answer: literacy

Question: Character simplification predated the republic's formation in what year?
Answer: 1949

Question: Who issued the first round of official characters?
Answer: The People's Republic of China
Bermuda

The first known European explorer to reach Bermuda was Spanish sea captain Juan de Bermúdez in 1503, after whom the islands are named. He claimed the apparently uninhabited islands for the Spanish Empire. Paying two visits to the archipelago, Bermúdez never landed on the islands, but did create a recognisable map of the archipelago. Shipwrecked Portuguese mariners are now thought to have been responsible for the 1543 inscription in Portuguese Rock (previously called Spanish Rock). Subsequent Spanish or other European parties are believed to have released pigs there, which had become feral and abundant on the island by the time European settlement began. In 1609, the English Virginia Company, which had established Jamestown in Virginia (a term originally applied to all of the North American continent) two years earlier, permanently settled Bermuda in the aftermath of a hurricane, when the crew and passengers of the Sea Venture steered the ship onto the surrounding reef to prevent its sinking, then landed ashore.

Question: The first known European explorer to reach Bermuda was of what nationality?
Answer: Spanish

Question: What is the name of the first European explorer to reach Bermuda?
Answer: Juan de Bermúdez

Question: What animal did the Spaniards or other Europeans bring to the island that then became wild inhabitants?
Answer: pigs

Question: What company permanently settled Bermuda?
Answer: the English Virginia Company

Question: Who was the first known European explorer to reach Bermuda?
Answer: Juan de Bermúdez

Question: In what year did Jaun de Bermudez first reach Bermuda?
Answer: 1503

Question: How many times did Bermudez visit the archipelago?
Answer: two

Question: What animal are European parties responsible for releasing in Bermuda?
Answer: pigs

Question: In what year did the English Virginia Company settle permanently in Bermuda?
Answer: 1609

Question: Who first reached Bermuda in 1305?

Question: Who landed on the archipelago in 1503?

Question: Who was responsible for the 1534 inscription in Portuguese Rock?

Question: Who settled in Bermuda in 1690?

Question: Who settled in Jamestown in 1609?
Bermuda

The island was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614. Its spin-off, the Somers Isles Company, took over in 1615 and managed the colony until 1684. At that time, the company's charter was revoked, and the English Crown took over administration. The islands became a British colony following the 1707 unification of the parliaments of Scotland and England, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. After 1949, when Newfoundland became part of Canada, Bermuda was automatically ranked as the oldest remaining British Overseas Territory. Since the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997, it is the most populous Territory. Its first capital, St. George's, was established in 1612 and is the oldest continuously inhabited English town in the New World.

Question: What is the capital of Bermuda?
Answer: St. George's

Question: What spin-off company took over operations in Bermuda in 1615?
Answer: Somers Isles Company

Question: In what year did Bermuda enter British rule?
Answer: 1707

Question: What is the name of the company that managed the colony from 1615-1684?
Answer: the Somers Isles Company

Question: In what year did the islands become a British colony?
Answer: 1707

Question: What event occured that automatically ranked Bermuda as the oldest remaining British Overseas Territory?
Answer: Newfoundland became part of Canada

Question: What was Bermuda's first capital?
Answer: St. George

Question: What company was the spin-off of Somers Isles Company?

Question: Who took over the colony from Virginia in 1614?

Question: Who managed the colony until 1648?

Question: What happened in 1770?

Question: When was China returned to Hong Kong?
Bermuda

Bermuda's economy is based on offshore insurance and reinsurance, and tourism, the two largest economic sectors. Bermuda had one of the world's highest GDP per capita for most of the 20th century and several years beyond. Recently, its economic status has been affected by the global recession. It has a subtropical climate. Bermuda is the northernmost point of the Bermuda Triangle, a region of sea in which, according to legend, a number of aircraft and surface vessels have disappeared under supposedly unexplained or mysterious circumstances. The island is in the hurricane belt and prone to severe weather. However, it is somewhat protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island.

Question: What two business drive Bermuda's economy?
Answer: offshore insurance and reinsurance, and tourism

Question: What type of climate does Bermuda have?
Answer: subtropical

Question: Bermuda stands as a northern point in what susposed area of strange activity and disappearances?
Answer: Bermuda Triangle

Question: What protects the island from storms?
Answer: coral reef that surrounds the island

Question: What are Bermuda's largest economic sectors?
Answer: insurance and reinsurance, and tourism

Question: What occurance is the greatest factor affecting Bermuda's economy?
Answer: global recession

Question: Why is the Bermuda Triangle an area of interest?
Answer: a number of aircraft and surface vessels have disappeared under supposedly unexplained or mysterious circumstances.

Question: Why is the island safe from full hurricane devastation?
Answer: protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island.

Question: What is the climate of Bermuda?
Answer: subtropical

Question: Who had the highest GDP per capita during the 20th century?

Question: What is the Bermuda Triangle the northernmost point of?

Question: What is the legend associated with Bermuda?

Question: What is Bermuda's economy based on in addition to offshore tourism?
Bermuda

Bermuda is a group of low-forming volcanoes located in the Atlantic Ocean, near the western edge of the Sargasso Sea, roughly 578 nautical miles (1,070 km (665 mi)) east-southeast of Cape Hatteras on the Outer Banks of North Carolina and about 594 nautical miles (1,100 km (684 mi)) southeast of Martha's Vineyard of Massachusetts. It is 898 nautical miles (1,664 km (1,034 mi)) northeast of Miami, Florida, and 667 nautical miles (1,236 km (768 mi)) from Cape Sable Island, in Nova Scotia, Canada. The islands lie due east of Fripp Island, South Carolina, west of Portugal and north of Puerto Rico.

Question: Bermuda is located in what ocean?
Answer: Atlantic Ocean

Question: Bermuda is on the western fringe of what Sea?
Answer: Sargasso Sea

Question: Travel from Puerto Rico to Bermuda would be in which direction?
Answer: north

Question: Travel from Portugal to Bermuda would be in which direction?
Answer: west

Question: Travel from South Carolina to Bermuda would be in which direction?
Answer: due east

Question: What natural features compose Bermuda?
Answer: low-forming volcanoes

Question: In what major ocean is Bermuda located?
Answer: Atlantic Ocean

Question: Bermuda is located 898 nautical miles from what US city?
Answer: Miami

Question: Bermuda is closest (in nautical miles) to which US state?
Answer: North Carolina

Question: What ocean formed Bermuda?

Question: What sea does Bermuda lie in?

Question: How many nautical kilomteters is Bermuda from Cape Hatteras?

Question: How many nautical kilometers is Bermuda from Miami, Florida?

Question: What do the islands lie due west of?
Bermuda

The archipelago is formed by high points on the rim of the caldera of a submarine volcano that forms a seamount. The volcano is one part of a range that was formed as part of the same process that formed the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete submergence, during which its limestone cap was formed by marine organisms, and during the Ice Ages the entire caldera was above sea level, forming an island of approximately two hundred square miles.

Question: What is the limestone cap of the seamount made from?
Answer: marine organisms

Question: During the ice age, what area of land was above water?
Answer: approximately two hundred square miles

Question: Has the seamount always been above sealevel?
Answer: The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete submergence

Question: What type of volcano forms the archipelago?
Answer: a submarine volcano

Question: Why is the top of the seamount formed by marine organisms?
Answer: periods of complete submergence,

Question: What was the result of the whole cladera being above sea level during the Ice Ages?
Answer: an island

Question: The submarine volcano was formed as part of the same proces as what two things?
Answer: the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question: When was the caldera partially above sea level?

Question: What is the volcano part of?

Question: What did the Mid-Atlantic Ridge form?

Question: What does the seamount form?
Bermuda

Despite the small land mass, place names are repeated; there are, for example, two islands named Long Island, three bays named Long Bay (on Somerset, Main, and Cooper's islands), two Horseshoe Bays (one in Southampton, on the Main Island, the other at Morgan's Point, formerly Tucker's Island), there are two roads through cuttings called Khyber Pass (one in Warwick, the other in St. George's Parish), and St George's Town is located on St George's Island within St George's Parish (each known as St George's). There is a Hamilton Parish in addition to the City of Hamilton (which is in Pembroke Parish).

Question: In the Bermuda land mass, how many islands are named "Long Island"?
Answer: two

Question: In the Bermuda land mass, how many bays are named "Horseshoe Bay"?
Answer: two

Question: In the Bermuda land mass, how many bays are named "Long Bay"?
Answer: three

Question: Where can St. George's Town be found?
Answer: St George's Island within St George's Parish

Question: What are three of the bays named?
Answer: Long Bay

Question: What name do the bays in Southampton and Morgan's Point share?
Answer: Horseshoe

Question: St. George's Town, St. George's Island and St. George's Parish are all referred to as what?
Answer: St George's

Question: What is the name of the Parish located in the City of Hamilton?
Answer: Hamilton Parish

Question: How many islands are named Bay Island?

Question: How many bays are named Island Bay?

Question: How many bays are named Khyber Bay?

Question: How many roads are named Horseshoe Pass?
Bermuda

Bermuda's pink sand beaches and clear, cerulean blue ocean waters are popular with tourists. Many of Bermuda's hotels are located along the south shore of the island. In addition to its beaches, there are a number of sightseeing attractions. Historic St George's is a designated World Heritage Site. Scuba divers can explore numerous wrecks and coral reefs in relatively shallow water (typically 30–40 ft or 9–12 m in depth), with virtually unlimited visibility. Many nearby reefs are readily accessible from shore by snorkellers, especially at Church Bay.

Question: What directional shore of Bermuda is home to the majority of its hotels?
Answer: the south shore of the island

Question: Bermuda's coral reefs, shipwrecks, and shallow waters are great for what activity in particular?
Answer: Scuba

Question: Historic St. George's has been given what distinction?
Answer: World Heritage Site

Question: What odd color of sand draws tourists to Bermuda's beaches?
Answer: pink

Question: What makes Bermuda a popular tourist destination?
Answer: pink sand beaches and clear, cerulean blue ocean waters

Question: Where are the majority of Bermuda's hotels?
Answer: south shore of the island

Question: What has St. George been designated as?
Answer: World Heritage Site

Question: Why are divers attracted to Bermuda?
Answer: numerous wrecks and coral reefs in relatively shallow water

Question: Why is Bermuda a great place for snorkellers?
Answer: Many nearby reefs are readily accessible from shore

Question: What are located along the shore of the coral reefs?

Question: What is Bermuda designated as?

Question: What can be explored in 9-12 ft of water?

Question: What can be explored in 30-40 m of water?
Bermuda

The only indigenous mammals of Bermuda are five species of bats, all of which are also found in the eastern United States: Lasionycteris noctivagans, Lasiurus borealis, Lasiurus cinereus, Lasiurus seminolus and Perimyotis subflavus. Other commonly known fauna of Bermuda include its national bird, the Bermuda petrel or cahow. It was rediscovered in 1951 after having been thought extinct since the 1620s. It is important as an example of a Lazarus species. The government has a programme to protect it, including restoration of a habitat area. The Bermuda rock skink was long thought to have been the only indigenous land vertebrate of Bermuda, discounting the marine turtles that lay their eggs on its beaches. Recently through genetic DNA studies, scientists have discovered that a species of turtle, the diamondback terrapin, previously thought to have been introduced, pre-dated the arrival of humans in the archipelago. As this species spends most of its time in brackish ponds, some question whether it should be classified as a land vertebrate to compete with the skink's unique status.

Question: The only indigenous mammals of Bermuda are five species of what animal?
Answer: bats

Question: What is the national bird of Bermuda?
Answer: Bermuda petrel or cahow

Question: What animal was believe to be the only land vertebrate of Bermuda?
Answer: Bermuda rock skink

Question: What animal was found, through DNA testing, to pre-date the arrival of humans to the archipelago?
Answer: diamondback terrapin

Question: What are the only native mammals found in Bermuda?
Answer: bats

Question: What is the national bird of Bermuda?
Answer: Bermuda petrel or cahow

Question: Why is the National bird of importance?
Answer: example of a Lazarus species

Question: What animal has held the title of Bermuda's only native land vertabrate?
Answer: Bermuda rock skink

Question: Why is there a debate as to dubbing the diamondback terrapin the oldest indigenous land vertebrate?
Answer: this species spends most of its time in brackish ponds

Question: What is one of five indigenous mammals of Bermuda?

Question: What portion of Bermuda are bats found?

Question: When was Bermuda's national bird first discovered?

Question: What went extinct in 1620?

Question: What species of turtle was introduced in Bermuda?
Bermuda

The island experienced large-scale immigration over the 20th century, especially after the Second World War. Bermuda has a diverse population including both those with relatively deep roots in Bermuda extending back for centuries, and newer communities whose ancestry results from recent immigration, especially from Britain, North America, the West Indies, and the Portuguese Atlantic islands (especially the Azores), although these groups are steadily merging. About 46% of the population identified themselves with Bermudian ancestry in 2010, which was a decrease from the 51% who did so in the 2000 census. Those identifying with British ancestry dropped by 1% to 11% (although those born in Britain remain the largest non-native group at 3,942 persons). The number of people born in Canada declined by 13%. Those who reported West Indian ancestry were 13%. The number of people born in the West Indies actually increased by 538. A significant segment of the population is of Portuguese ancestry (10%), the result of immigration over the past 160 years, of whom 79% have residency status.

Question: When did Bermuda have a large amount of people immigrating to it?
Answer: 20th century, especially after the Second World War.

Question: Where are the largest group of non-native people in Bermuda from?
Answer: Britain

Question: According to census result, there was the greatest decline in people claiming what ancestry?
Answer: Bermudian

Question: Which cultural group can claim 79% residency?
Answer: Portuguese

Question: During what century was the diverse immigration?

Question: What did 46% of the population identify as in 2000?

Question: What did 51% of the population identify as in 2010?

Question: What group has 3,924 persons?

Question: What group of people increased by 583?
Bermuda

The deeper ancestral demography of Bermuda's population has been obscured by the ethnic homogenisation of the last four centuries. There is effectively no ethnic distinction between black and white Bermudians, other than those characterising recent immigrant communities. In the 17th century, this was not so. For the first hundred years of settlement, white Protestants of English heritage were the distinct majority, with white minorities of Irish (the native language of many of whom can be assumed to have been Gaelic) and Scots sent to Bermuda after the English invasions of their homelands that followed the English Civil War. Non-white minorities included Spanish-speaking, free (indentured) blacks from the West Indies, black chattel slaves primarily captured from Spanish and Portuguese ships by Bermudian privateers, and Native Americans, primarily from the Algonquian and other tribes of the Atlantic seaboard, but possibly from as far away as Mexico. By the 19th century, the white ethnically-English Bermudians had lost their numerical advantage. Despite the banning of the importation of Irish, and the repeated attempts to force free blacks to emigrate and the owners of black slaves to export them, the merging of the various minority groups, along with some of the white English, had resulted in a new demographic group, "coloured" (which term, in Bermuda, referred to anyone not wholly of European ancestry) Bermudians, gaining a slight majority. Any child born before or since then to one coloured and one white parent has been added to the coloured statistic. Most of those historically described as "coloured" are today described as "black", or "of African heritage", which obscures their non-African heritage (those previously described as "coloured" who were not of African ancestry had been very few, though the numbers of South Asians, particularly, is now growing. The number of persons born in Asian countries doubled between the 2000 and the 2010 censuses), blacks have remained in the majority, with new white immigration from Portugal, Britain and elsewhere countered by black immigration from the West Indies.

Question: There is no distinction between what two ethnicities of Bermudians?
Answer: black and white

Question: Which ethnicity claimed the majority in Bermuda during the 17th century?
Answer: white Protestants of English heritage

Question: Anyone in Bermuda that is not considered 100% of European heritage is referred to as what?
Answer: coloured

Question: Why is it problematic that the "coloured" population of Bermuda is now referred to as "black" or "African heritage"?
Answer: obscures their non-African heritage

Question: There has been a double in the population of people born in which country?
Answer: Asian

Question: What groups of Bermudians is there an ethnic distinction between?

Question: Who was the distinct majority for the first 17 years of the settlement?

Question: Who was the minority for the first 17 years of the settlement?

Question: Who lost their numerical advantage by the 17th century?

Question: What group of people doubled in population in the year 2000?