Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Throughout most of his career, Athanasius had many detractors. Classical scholar Timothy Barnes relates contemporary allegations against Athanasius: from defiling an altar, to selling Church grain that had been meant to feed the poor for his own personal gain, and even violence and murder to suppress dissent. Athanasius used "Arian" to describe both followers of Arius, and as a derogatory polemical term for Christians who disagreed with his formulation of the Trinity. Athanasius called many of his opponents "Arian", except for Miletus.

Question: Was Athanasius well liked by everyone?
Answer: many detractors

Question: What was he accused of doing to a church?
Answer: defiling an altar

Question: He was accused of selling grain for what reason?
Answer: his own personal gain

Question: What did he call his detractors?
Answer: Arian

Question: What did the term Arian mean to him?
Answer: Christians who disagreed with his formulation

Question: Who liked Athanasius?

Question:  What was he accused of doing to a mosque?

Question:  What did he not call his detractors?

Question:  What did the term Arian not mean to him?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Nonetheless, within a few years of his death, Gregory of Nazianzus called him the "Pillar of the Church". His writings were well regarded by all Church fathers who followed, in both the West and the East, who noted their rich devotion to the Word-become-man, great pastoral concern, and profound interest in monasticism. Athanasius is counted as one of the four great Eastern Doctors of the Church in the Roman Catholic Church. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, he is labeled the "Father of Orthodoxy". Some Protestants label him "Father of the Canon". Athanasius is venerated as a Christian saint, whose feast day is 2 May in Western Christianity, 15 May in the Coptic Orthodox Church, and 18 January in the other Eastern Orthodox Churches. He is venerated by the Oriental and Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Roman Catholic Church, the Lutherans, and the Anglican Communion.

Question: What was he known as soon after he died?
Answer: Pillar of the Church

Question: How does the Eastern Orthodox Church refer to him?
Answer: Father of Orthodoxy

Question: What do the Protestants call him?
Answer: Father of the Canon

Question: What is his feast day in Western Christianity?
Answer: 2 May

Question: What day is he celebrated in the Eastern Orthodox Church?
Answer: 18 January

Question: On what day did Gregory of Nazianzus call Athanasius the "Pillar of the Church"?

Question: When was Gregory of Nazianzus counted as one of the four great Eastern Doctors of the Church in the Roman Catholic Church?

Question: What is Gregory of Nazianzus feast day in the Coptic Orthodox Church?

Question: What is Gregory of Nazianzus feast day in Western Christianity?

Question: What is Gregory of Nazianzus feast day in the other Eastern Orthodox Churches?

Question: What was he known as soon after he was born?

Question: How does the Eastern Orthodox Church never refer to him?

Question:  What do the Catholics call him?

Question:  What is his feast day in Northern Christianity?

Question: What day is he celebrated in the Southern Orthodox Church?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Alexandria was the most important trade center in the whole empire during Athanasius's boyhood. Intellectually, morally, and politically—it epitomized the ethnically diverse Graeco-Roman world, even more than Rome or Constantinople, Antioch or Marseilles. Its famous catechetical school, while sacrificing none of its famous passion for orthodoxy since the days of Pantaenus, Clement of Alexandria, Origen of Alexandria, Dionysius and Theognostus, had begun to take on an almost secular character in the comprehensiveness of its interests, and had counted influential pagans among its serious auditors.

Question: What was Alexandria known for?
Answer: important trade center

Question: Was the famous school in Alexandria religious only?
Answer: secular character

Question: Did only Christians attend the school?
Answer: influential pagans

Question: Was Alexandria welcoming to other cultures?
Answer: ethnically diverse

Question: What was Rome known for?

Question: What was the name of the city where Athanasius went to catechetical school?

Question: Where did Athanasius meet pagans?

Question: Where were the pagans from?

Question: What was Alexandria not known for?

Question: What epitomized the ethnically uniform world?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

However Cornelius Clifford places his birth no earlier than 296 and no later than 298, based on the fact that Athanasius indicates no first hand recollection of the Maximian persecution of 303, which he suggests Athanasius would have remembered if he had been ten years old at the time. Secondly, the Festal Epistles state that the Arians had accused Athanasius, among other charges, of not having yet attained the canonical age (30) and thus could not have been properly ordained as Patriarch of Alexandria in 328. The accusation must have seemed plausible. The Orthodox Church places his year of birth around 297.

Question: What famous event happened in 303?
Answer: Maximian persecution

Question: What writing mentions the Arian accusation that Athanasius was under aged?
Answer: the Festal Epistles

Question: At what age was a man eligible to be ordained at Patriarch of Alexandria?
Answer: canonical age (30)

Question: When was Cornelius Clifford born?

Question: What year did Cornelius Clifford attend the Maximian persecution?

Question: When was Cornelius Clifford ordained as Patriarch of Alexandria?

Question: What church does Cornelius Clifford belong to?

Question: How old was Cornelius Clifford when he joined The Orthodox Church?

Question: What famous event happened in 305?

Question: What writing denies that the Arian accusation that Athanasius was under aged?

Question: At what age was a woman eligible to be ordained at Patriarch of Alexandria?

Question: What is the age of 20 called?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Athanasius's first problem lay with Meletius of Lycopolis and his followers, who had failed to abide by the First Council of Nicaea. That council also anathematized Arius. Accused of mistreating Arians and Meletians, Athanasius answered those charges at a gathering of bishops in Tyre, the First Synod of Tyre, in 335. There, Eusebius of Nicomedia and other supporters of Arius deposed Athanasius. On 6 November, both sides of the dispute met with Emperor Constantine I in Constantinople. At that meeting, the Arians claimed Athanasius would try to cut off essential Egyptian grain supplies to Constantinople. He was found guilty, and sent into exile to Augusta Treverorum in Gaul (now Trier in Germany).

Question: Did the followers of Meletius obey the guidelines of Nicaea?
Answer: failed to abide

Question: What was Athanasius accused of planning against the Arians?
Answer: cut off essential Egyptian grain

Question: What was the verdict of the accusation?
Answer: was found guilty

Question: What was his punishment?
Answer: anathematized

Question: Who was he accused of harming?
Answer: Arians and Meletians

Question: Who did obey the guidelines of Nicaea?

Question: Who claimed Constantinople would cut off grain supplies?

Question: Constantinople was afraid they wouldn't receive grains from whom?

Question: What exile is in modern day France?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Athanasius knew Greek and admitted not knowing Hebrew [see, e.g., the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan.]. The Old Testament passages he quotes frequently come from the Septuagint Greek translation. Only rarely did he use other Greek versions (to Aquila once in the Ecthesis, to other versions once or twice on the Psalms), and his knowledge of the Old Testament was limited to the Septuagint. Nonetheless, during his later exile, with no access to a copy of the Scriptures, Athanasius could quote from memory every verse in the Old Testament with a supposed reference to the Trinity without missing any.[citation needed] The combination of Scriptural study and of Greek learning was characteristic of the famous Alexandrian School.

Question: Did Athanasius speak Greek?
Answer: knew Greek

Question: Did he understand Hebrew?
Answer: not knowing Hebrew

Question: Did he know all of the Old Testament?
Answer: limited to the Septuagint

Question: What did students learn in the school in Alexandria?
Answer: Scriptural study and of Greek

Question: What translation of the Old Testament did he study?
Answer: Septuagint Greek

Question: What is the name of the school where Athanasius learned Hebrew?

Question: Where did Athanasius obtain a Septuagint from?

Question: Where did Athanasius obtain a Hebrew Septuagint from?

Question: What letter did Athanasius write in Hebrew?

Question: What part of the Old Testament did he not know?

Question:  What did teachers learn in the school in Alexandria?

Question: What copy of the scriptures did he have in exile?

Question: What was not a characteristic of the school?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

After the death of the replacement bishop Gregory in 345, Constans used his influence to allow Athanasius to return to Alexandria in October 345, amidst the enthusiastic demonstrations of the populace. This began a "golden decade" of peace and prosperity, during which time Athanasius assembled several documents relating to his exiles and returns from exile in the Apology Against the Arians. However, upon Constans's death in 350, another civil war broke out, which left pro-Arian Constantius as sole emperor. An Alexandria local council in 350 replaced (or reaffirmed) Athanasius in his see.

Question: Who did he have to thank for his ability to come back to Alexandria in 345?
Answer: Constans

Question: Were the people glad to have him home?
Answer: enthusiastic demonstrations

Question: In what writing did he recount his time in exiles?
Answer: Apology Against the Arians

Question: What happened when Constans died?
Answer: civil war

Question: Did the new emperor agree or disagree with the Arians?
Answer: pro-Arian

Question: Who was not thanked for letting him back in Alexandria?

Question: What happened in 346?

Question: When did the uncivil war happen?

Question: When was Constan born?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Frances A. M. Forbes writes that when the Patriarch Alexander was on his death-bed he called Athanasius, who fled fearing he would be constrained to be made Bishop. "When the Bishops of the Church assembled to elect their new Patriarch, the whole Catholic population surrounded the church, holding up their hands to Heaven and crying; "Give us Athanasius!" The Bishops had nothing better. Athanasius was thus elected, as Gregory tells us..." (Pope Gregory I, would have full access to the Vatican Archives).

Question: What did Athanasius do to avoid speaking to Alexander on his deathbed?
Answer: fled

Question: Who did the Alexandrian people want to be their Bishop?
Answer: Give us Athanasius

Question: Did the Bishops have someone else in mind?
Answer: Bishops had nothing better

Question: Who did Alexander ask for when he was dieing?
Answer: called Athanasius

Question: What did Athanasius do to avoid speaking to Alexander at lunch?

Question:  Who did the Alexandrian people want to be their pope?

Question: Who did the bishops want to be their bishop?

Question:  Who did Alexander deny talking to when he was dying?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Constantius, ordered Liberius into exile in 356 giving him, then, three days to comply. He was ordered into banishment to Beroea, in Thrace; Beroea (Thrace). He sent expensive presents, too, if he were to accept the Arian position but were refused. He sent him, indeed, five hundred pieces of gold "to bear his charges" but Liberius refused them, saying, he might bestow them on his flatters; as he did also a like present from the empress, bidding the messenger learn to believe in Christ, and not to persecute the Church of God. Attempts were made to leave the presents in The Church, but Liberius threw them out. Constantius hereupon sent for him under a strict guard to Milan, where, in a conference recorded by Theodoret, he boldly told Constantius that Athanasius had been acquitted at Sardica, and his enemies proved calumniators (see: "calumny") and impostors, and that it was unjust to condemn a person who could not be legally convicted of any crime. The emperor was reduced to silence on every article, but being the more out of patience, ordered him into banishment. Liberius went into exile. Constantius, after two years went to Rome to celebrate the twentieth year of his reign. The ladies joined in a petition to him that he would restore Liberius. He assented, upon condition that he should comply with the bishops, then, at court. He subscribed the condemnation of Athanasius, and a confession or creed which had been framed by the Arians at Sirmium. And he no sooner had recovered his see that he declared himself for the Creed of Niceae, as Theodoret testifies. (Theodoret, Hist. lib. ii. c. 17.). The Emperor knew what he wanted people to believe. So did the bishops at his court. Athanasius stuck by the orthodox creed. Constantius was an avowed Arian, became sole ruler in 350, at the death of his brother, Constans.

Question: How much warning was Liberius given before his exile?
Answer: three days

Question: Where did Liberius go?
Answer: Beroea

Question: Did bribery work in convincing Liberius to believe the Arians?
Answer: were refused

Question: Who tried to bribe Liberius?
Answer: Constantius

Question: What did Liberius have to promise to do in order to return?
Answer: comply with the bishops

Question: How much warning was Liberius given before his freedom?

Question: What happened in 355?

Question:  Where did Liberius come from?

Question:  Who tried to convince Liberius?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

When Emperor Constantine I died, Athanasius was allowed to return to his See of Alexandria. Shortly thereafter, however, Constantine's son, the new Roman Emperor Constantius II, renewed the order for Athanasius's banishment in 338. Athanasius went to Rome, where he was under the protection of Constans, the Emperor of the West. During this time, Gregory of Cappadocia was installed as the Patriarch of Alexandria, usurping the absent Athanasius. Athanasius did, however, remain in contact with his people through his annual Festal Letters, in which he also announced on which date Easter would be celebrated that year.

Question: At what point could Athanasius return to Alexandria?
Answer: When Emperor Constantine I died

Question: Who provided for his protection while he was in Rome?
Answer: Constans

Question: Who became Patriarch in Alexandria while Athanasius was away?
Answer: Gregory of Cappadocia

Question: How did the people of Alexandria know when to celebrate Easter?
Answer: Festal Letters

Question: Who declared Athanasius to be exiled again?
Answer: Constantius II

Question:  At what point could Athanasius leave Alexandria?

Question:  Who provided for his judgement while he was in Rome?

Question:  Who became Patriarch in Alexandria while Athanasius was present?

Question:  Who declared Athanasius to be freed again?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

T. Gilmartin, (Professor of History, Maynooth, 1890), writes in Church History, Vol. 1, Ch XVII: By Constantius's order, the sole ruler of The Roman Empire at the death of his brother Constans, the Council of Arles in 353, was held, which was presided over by Vincent, Bishop of Capua, in the name of Pope Liberius. The fathers terrified of the threats of the Emperor, an avowed Arian, they consented to the condemnation of Athanasius. The Pope refused to accept their decision, and requested the Emperor to hold another Council, in which the charges against Athanasius could be freely investigated. To this Constantius consented, for he felt able to control it, at Milan. Milan was named as the place, here three hundred bishops assembled, most from the West, only a few from the East, in 355. They met in the Church of Milan. Shortly, the Emperor ordered them to a hall in the Imperial Palace, thus ending any free debate. He presented an Arian formula of faith for their acceptance. He threatened any who refused with exile and death. All, with the exception of Dionysius (bishop of Milan), and the two Papal Legates, viz., Eusebius of Vercelli and Lucifer of Cagliari, consented to the Arian Creed and the condemnation of Athanasius. Those who refused were sent into exile. The decrees were forwarded to the Pope for approval, but were rejected, because of the violence to which the bishops were subjected.

Question: Why did the Bishops condemn Athanasius?
Answer: threats of the Emperor

Question: Did the Pope agree with this order?
Answer: Pope refused to accept

Question: Did the Emperor agree to a new trial for Athanasius?
Answer: Constantius consented

Question: What oath did the Bishops have to take at the trial?
Answer: Arian formula of faith

Question: What happened to the Bishops who did not take the oath?
Answer: sent into exile

Question: Why didn't the Bishops condemn Athanasius?

Question: Who agreed with the order?

Question: Who did not consent to a new trial?

Question: What oath was not taken at the trial?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity, even if they differed on matters of terminology. This prepared the groundwork for his definition of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. However, the council also was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and Christ's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those heretic bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies.

Question: What happened to Bishop George?
Answer: murder

Question: What happened to Bishop leaders who did not agree with the doctrine?
Answer: severe penance

Question: When did Athanasius return to his position as Patriarch?
Answer: after the death of Emperor Constantius

Question: Who joined him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?
Answer: Eusebius of Vercelli

Question: What happened in 362?

Question: What happened to Bishop leaders who agreed with the doctrine?

Question:  When did Athanasius return to his position as pope?

Question: Who left him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Two years later, the Emperor Valens, who favored the Arian position, in his turn exiled Athanasius. This time however, Athanasius simply left for the outskirts of Alexandria, where he stayed for only a few months before the local authorities convinced Valens to retract his order of exile. Some early reports state that Athanasius spent this period of exile at his family's ancestral tomb in a Christian cemetery. It was during this period, the final exile, that he is said to have spent four months in hiding in his father's tomb. (Soz., "Hist. Eccl.", VI, xii; Soc., "Hist. Eccl.", IV, xii).

Question: What Christian beliefs did Emperor Valens adhere to?
Answer: Arian

Question: Where did Athanasius during his latest exile?
Answer: outskirts of Alexandria

Question: For how long was he exiled this time?
Answer: few months

Question: Where did he hide during this time?
Answer: his father's tomb

Question: Who convinced Valens to let him return to Alexandria?
Answer: local authorities

Question: What Catholic beliefs did Emperor Valens adhere to?

Question:  Where did Athanasius go during his first exile?

Question: How many years was he exiled?

Question:  Who didn't convince Valens to let him return to Alexandria?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Athanasius is the first person to identify the same 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today. Up until then, various similar lists of works to be read in churches were in use. Athanasius compiled the list to resolve questions about such texts as The Epistle of Barnabas. Athanasius includes the Book of Baruch and the Letter of Jeremiah and places the Book of Esther among the "7 books not in the canon but to be read" along with the Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Judith, Tobit, the Didache, and the Shepherd of Hermas.

Question: Who standardized the books of the New Testament?
Answer: Athanasius

Question: What books were used before his decision to standardize?
Answer: various

Question: How many books are listed that should be included but were not?
Answer: 7 books

Question: How many books are in the New Testament?
Answer: 27 books

Question: Have those books changed over time?
Answer: in use today

Question: Who standardized the books of the Old Testament?

Question: What books were used after his decision to standardize?

Question:  How many books are listed that shouldn't be included?

Question:  How many books are in the old Testament?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Perhaps, his most notable letter was his Festal Letter, written to his Church in Alexandria when he was in exile, as he could not be in their presence. This letter shows clearly his stand that accepting Jesus is the Divine Son of God is not optional but necessary; "I know moreover that not only this thing saddens you, but also the fact that while others have obtained the churches by violence, you are meanwhile cast out from your places. For they hold the places, but you the Apostolic Faith. They are, it is true, in the places, but outside of the true Faith; while you are outside the places indeed, but the Faith, within you. Let us consider whether is the greater, the place or the Faith. Clearly the true Faith. Who then has lost more, or who possesses more? He who holds the place, or he who holds the Faith?

Question: Did Athanasius feel that it was important to believe that Jesus was the Son of God?
Answer: not optional but necessary

Question: Did his place more value on his Faith or where he was living?
Answer: the true Faith

Question: Did he think that the people that had exiled him were true believers?
Answer: outside of the true Faith

Question: Where did Athanasius think Faith resides?
Answer: within you

Question: Who was the Festal Letter written for?
Answer: his Church in Alexandria

Question: What did Athanasius feel was optional?

Question:  Where didn't Athanasius think Faith resides?

Question:  Who was the Festal book written for?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Alban Butler, writes on the subject: "Five months after this great Council, Nicae, St Alexander lying on his death-bed, recommended to his clergy and people the choice of Athanasius for his successor, thrice repeating his name. In consequence of his recommendation, the bishops of all Egypt assembled at Alexandria, and finding the people and clergy unanimous in their choice of Athanasius for patriarch, they confirmed the election about the middle of year 326. He seems, then, to have been about thirty years of age. "

Question: How did the people  know that Alexander had chosen Athanasius as his successor?
Answer: thrice repeating his name

Question: How old was Athanasius when he was chosen as Patriarch?
Answer: thirty years

Question: Who came to Alexandria to confirm the choice?
Answer: bishops of all Egypt

Question: Did all the people want him as Patriarch?
Answer: unanimous in their choice

Question: How long after the Council of Nicae did Alexander die?
Answer: Five months

Question: How did the people know that Alexander had chosen Athanasius as his predecesor?

Question:  How old was Athanasius when he was chosen as Pope?

Question:  How long after the Council of Nicae was Alexander born?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

The Gospel of John and particularly the first chapter demonstrates the Divinity of Jesus. This Gospel in itself is the greatest support of Athanasius's stand. The Gospel of John's first chapter began to be said at the end of Mass, we believe as a result of Athanasius, and his life's stand, but quietly. The Last Gospel of The Mass, The Eucharist, St John[1:1–14], together with the prayer; "Placeat tibi", the Blessing, are all private devotions that have been gradually absorbed by the liturgical service. The beginning of John's Gospel was much used as an object of special devotion throughout the Middle Ages. Nevertheless, the practice of saying it at the altar grew; eventually Pius V made this practice universal for the Roman Rite in his edition of the Missal (1570). It became a firm custom with exceptions in using an other Gospel in use from 1920. So the Missals showed different last Gospel for certain Feast days. A Prayer Card for the St John's Gospel. Also:

Question: Which of the Gospels most agrees with Athanasius?
Answer: Gospel of John

Question: What does this Gospel show that Athanasius also believed?
Answer: the Divinity of Jesus

Question: Why is the Gospel of John said at the end of Catholic Mass?
Answer: a result of Athanasius

Question: Where was this Gospel said?
Answer: at the altar

Question: When are different Gospels said?
Answer: certain Feast days

Question:  Which of the Gospels most disagrees with Athanasius?

Question:  What does this Gospel show that Athanasius also didn't believe?

Question:  Why is the Gospel of John said at the end of Christian Mass?

Question:  Where was this Gospel never said?
Athanasius_of_Alexandria

Scholars now believe that the Arian Party was not monolithic, but held drastically different theological views that spanned the early Christian theological spectrum. They supported the tenets of Origenist thought and theology, but had little else in common. Moreover, many labelled "Arian" did not consider themselves followers of Arius. In addition, non-Homoousian bishops disagreed with being labeled as followers of Arius, since Arius was merely a presbyter, while they were fully ordained bishops. However, others point to the Council of Nicaea as proof in and of itself that Arianism was a real theological ideology.[citation needed]

Question: Did all Arians believe the same things?
Answer: different theological views

Question: Were Arians also Origenists?
Answer: supported the tenets

Question: Did the bishops consider themselves Arians?
Answer: bishops disagreed

Question: What did the Council of Nicaea decide about Arianism?
Answer: a real theological ideology

Question: Did Arians have one set of beliefs?
Answer: not monolithic

Question: What party was monolithic?

Question: What did Homoousian bishops disagree with?

Question: What council wasn't used as proof?
Seattle

Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. By 1910, Seattle was one of the 25 largest cities in the country. However, the Great Depression severely damaged the city's economy. Growth returned during and after World War II, due partially to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed as a technology center beginning in the 1980s, with companies like Microsoft becoming established in the region. In 1994 the Internet retail giant Amazon was founded in Seattle. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, which increased the city's population by almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000.

Question: To what golden event was Seattle the portal?
Answer: Klondike Gold Rush

Question: In what area was the Klondike Gold Rush located?
Answer: Alaska

Question: What was Seattle's first primary money maker?
Answer: Logging

Question: What was the airplane company that helped Seattle return to economic stability? 
Answer: Boeing

Question: Which large technology giant established its home base in Seattle?
Answer: Microsoft
Seattle

Seattle (i/siˈætəl/) is a West Coast seaport city and the seat of King County. With an estimated 662,400 residents as of 2015[update], Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013 it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States, and remained in the top five in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. The Seattle metropolitan area of around 3.6 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 miles (160 km) south of the Canada–United States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the third largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015.

Question: Of which Washington county is Seattle the center?
Answer: King County

Question: By 2015 what was Seattle's population?
Answer: 662,400

Question: By what time was Seattle the most rapidly growing city in the US?
Answer: July 2013

Question: How far away is the Canadian border from Seattle?
Answer: 100 miles

Question: What is Seattle's ranking in North America in terms of container processing? 
Answer: third largest
Seattle

After a difficult winter, most of the Denny Party relocated across Elliott Bay and claimed land a second time at the site of present-day Pioneer Square. Charles Terry and John Low remained at the original landing location and reestablished their old land claim and called it "New York", but renamed "New York Alki" in April 1853, from a Chinook word meaning, roughly, "by and by" or "someday". For the next few years, New York Alki and Duwamps competed for dominance, but in time Alki was abandoned and its residents moved across the bay to join the rest of the settlers.

Question: What group of settlers established a site at Pioneer Square?
Answer: Denny Party

Question: by what name did Charles Terry and John Low first name their settlement?
Answer: New York

Question: What was the Chinook enhanced name of Terry and Low's settlement?
Answer: New York Alki

Question: What site was eventually abandoned when the settlers moved back in with Denny?
Answer: New York Alki

Question: When was New York Alki established?
Answer: April 1853
Seattle

The name "Seattle" appears on official Washington Territory papers dated May 23, 1853, when the first plats for the village were filed. In 1855, nominal land settlements were established. On January 14, 1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of trustees managing the city. The town of Seattle was disincorporated January 18, 1867 and remained a mere precinct of King County until late 1869, when a new petition was filed and the city was re-incorporated December 2, 1869 with a Mayor-council government. The corporate seal of the City of Seattle carries the date "1869" and a likeness of Chief Sealth in left profile.

Question: At what date did the name Seattle first appear on official papers?
Answer: May 23, 1853

Question: When were the first land allocations made in Seattle?
Answer: May 23, 1853

Question: At what date was Seattle incorporated as a town?
Answer: January 14, 1865

Question: What type of governing body did Seattle have in 1869?
Answer: Mayor-council

Question: What famous Indian appears on the seal of Seattle?
Answer: Chief Sealth
Seattle

The first such boom, covering the early years of the city, rode on the lumber industry. (During this period the road now known as Yesler Way won the nickname "Skid Road", supposedly after the timber skidding down the hill to Henry Yesler's sawmill. The later dereliction of the area may be a possible origin for the term which later entered the wider American lexicon as Skid Row.) Like much of the American West, Seattle saw numerous conflicts between labor and management, as well as ethnic tensions that culminated in the anti-Chinese riots of 1885–1886. This violence originated with unemployed whites who were determined to drive the Chinese from Seattle (anti-Chinese riots also occurred in Tacoma). In 1900, Asians were 4.2% of the population. Authorities declared martial law and federal troops arrived to put down the disorder.

Question: What was the industry source that produced Seattle's first financial vigor?
Answer: lumber

Question: What name was given to the street Yesler Way?
Answer: Skid Road

Question: After Yesler Way fell into ill refute, what was the term generally used for this type of decline?
Answer: Skid Row

Question: What events occurred in 1885-1886 due to racial disputes?
Answer: anti-Chinese riots

Question: What percentage of the Seattle population was Asian in 1900?
Answer: 4.2%
Seattle

Seattle remained the corporate headquarters of Boeing until 2001, when the company separated its headquarters from its major production facilities; the headquarters were moved to Chicago. The Seattle area is still home to Boeing's Renton narrow-body plant (where the 707, 720, 727, and 757 were assembled, and the 737 is assembled today) and Everett wide-body plant (assembly plant for the 747, 767, 777, and 787). The company's credit union for employees, BECU, remains based in the Seattle area, though it is now open to all residents of Washington.

Question: When did Boeing move its headquarters to Chicago?
Answer: 2001

Question: What did Boeing separate from its headquarters facilities?
Answer: production facilities

Question: Besides the Renton plant, where else are airplanes made for Boeing?
Answer: Everett

Question: To whom is the Boeing credit union open?
Answer: all residents

Question: Before 2001, where was Boeing headquartered?
Answer: Seattle
Seattle

A shipbuilding boom in the early part of the 20th century became massive during World War I, making Seattle somewhat of a company town; the subsequent retrenchment led to the Seattle General Strike of 1919, the first general strike in the country. A 1912 city development plan by Virgil Bogue went largely unused. Seattle was mildly prosperous in the 1920s but was particularly hard hit in the Great Depression, experiencing some of the country's harshest labor strife in that era. Violence during the Maritime Strike of 1934 cost Seattle much of its maritime traffic, which was rerouted to the Port of Los Angeles.

Question: When was ship building the economic master in Seattle?
Answer: World War I

Question: What was the first general labor strike in the 20th century?
Answer: Seattle General Strike

Question: When did the General Strike happen in Seattle?
Answer: 1919

Question: What major strike in 1934 damaged Seattle's maritime economy?
Answer: Maritime Strike

Question: What city profited by Seattle's Maritime Strike?
Answer: Port of Los Angeles.
Seattle

Seattle in this period attracted widespread attention as home to these many companies, but also by hosting the 1990 Goodwill Games and the APEC leaders conference in 1993, as well as through the worldwide popularity of grunge, a sound that had developed in Seattle's independent music scene. Another bid for worldwide attention—hosting the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999—garnered visibility, but not in the way its sponsors desired, as related protest activity and police reactions to those protests overshadowed the conference itself. The city was further shaken by the Mardi Gras Riots in 2001, and then literally shaken the following day by the Nisqually earthquake.

Question: What sporting event did Seattle sponsor in 1990?
Answer: Goodwill Games

Question: What is Seattle's musical genre developed in the 1990s? 
Answer: grunge

Question: When did Seattle offer the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference?
Answer: 1999

Question: What caused bad press during the conference protests in Seattle?
Answer: police reactions

Question: What was the geologic event that followed the Mardi Gras Riots in2001?
Answer: Nisqually earthquake
Seattle

Seattle is located between the saltwater Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) to the west and Lake Washington to the east. The city's chief harbor, Elliott Bay, is part of Puget Sound, which makes the city an oceanic port. To the west, beyond Puget Sound, are the Kitsap Peninsula and Olympic Mountains on the Olympic Peninsula; to the east, beyond Lake Washington and the eastside suburbs, are Lake Sammamish and the Cascade Range. Lake Washington's waters flow to Puget Sound through the Lake Washington Ship Canal (consisting of two man-made canals, Lake Union, and the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks at Salmon Bay, ending in Shilshole Bay on Puget Sound).

Question: What water mass is located west of Seattle?
Answer: Puget Sound

Question: What lake is to the east of Seattle?
Answer: Lake Washington

Question: Where is Seattle's prime harbor?
Answer: Elliott Bay

Question: Because Elliott Bay is salt water, what kind of port is Seattle?
Answer: oceanic port

Question: What land area is west of Puget Sound?
Answer: Olympic Peninsula
Seattle

Yet another boom began as the city emerged from the Great Recession. Amazon.com moved its headquarters from North Beacon Hill to South Lake Union and began a rapid expansion. For the five years beginning in 2010, Seattle gained an average of 14,511 residents per year, with the growth strongly skewed toward the center of the city, as unemployment dropped from roughly 9 percent to 3.6 percent. The city has found itself "bursting at the seams," with over 45,000 households spending more than half their income on housing and at least 2,800 people homeless, and with the country's sixth-worst rush hour traffic.

Question: What large company moved its headquarters to South Lake Union in Seattle?
Answer: Amazon.com

Question: When did Amazon begin its latest expansion?
Answer: 2010

Question: How many new people move to Seattle each year?
Answer: 14,511

Question: How much of their income do half of Seattle's population have to spend on housing?
Answer: more than half

Question: Where does Seattle rank in rush hour traffic?
Answer: sixth-worst
Seattle

Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone. On February 28, 2001, the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually earthquake did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused only one fatality. Other strong quakes occurred on January 26, 1700 (estimated at 9 magnitude), December 14, 1872 (7.3 or 7.4), April 13, 1949 (7.1), and April 29, 1965 (6.5). The 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly, and one more by heart failure. Although the Seattle Fault passes just south of the city center, neither it nor the Cascadia subduction zone has caused an earthquake since the city's founding. The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or greater, capable of seriously damaging the city and collapsing many buildings, especially in zones built on fill.

Question: What hazardous geologic area does Seattle inhabit?
Answer: Pacific Ring of Fire

Question: What was the magnitude of the Nisqually quake?
Answer: 6.8

Question: On what date did the Nisqually earthquake occur that damaged the Pioneer Square area?
Answer: February 28, 2001

Question: What is the amount of magnitude possible on the Cascadia subduction zone?
Answer: 9.0 or greater

Question: What type of land area is at most risk of earthquake damage?
Answer: reclaimed land
Seattle

From 1981 to 2010, the average annual precipitation measured at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport was 37.49 inches (952 mm). Annual precipitation has ranged from 23.78 in (604 mm) in 1952 to 55.14 in (1,401 mm) in 1950; for water year (October 1 – September 30) precipitation, the range is 23.16 in (588 mm) in 1976–77 to 51.82 in (1,316 mm) in 1996–97. Due to local variations in microclimate, Seattle also receives significantly lower precipitation than some other locations west of the Cascades. Around 80 mi (129 km) to the west, the Hoh Rain Forest in Olympic National Park on the western flank of the Olympic Mountains receives an annual average precipitation of 142 in (3.61 m). Sixty miles to the south of Seattle, the state capital Olympia, which is out of the Olympic Mountains' rain shadow, receives an annual average precipitation of 50 in (1,270 mm). The city of Bremerton, about 15 mi (24 km) west of downtown Seattle, receives 56.4 in (1,430 mm) of precipitation annually.

Question: What is the average rainfall in Seattle? 
Answer: 37.49 inches

Question: Where on the Olympic Peninsula does the rainfall average 142 inches a year?
Answer: Hoh Rain Forest

Question: What weather factor produces a great variance in local climates in the Seattle area?
Answer: variations in microclimate

Question: What is the capital of the state of Washington?
Answer: Olympia

Question: What mountain range is the cause of the variance in rainfall?
Answer: Olympic Mountains
Seattle

Temperature extremes are moderated by the adjacent Puget Sound, greater Pacific Ocean, and Lake Washington. The region is largely shielded from Pacific storms by the Olympic Mountains and from Arctic air by the Cascade Range. Despite being on the margin of the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains, the city has a reputation for frequent rain. This reputation stems from the frequency of light precipitation in the fall, winter, and spring. In an average year, at least 0.01 inches (0.25 mm) of precipitation falls on 150 days, more than nearly all U.S. cities east of the Rocky Mountains. It is cloudy 201 days out of the year and partly cloudy 93 days. Official weather and climatic data is collected at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, located about 19 km (12 mi) south of downtown in the city of SeaTac, which is at a higher elevation, and records more cloudy days and fewer partly cloudy days per year.

Question: What does the local water ways regulate in the Seattle area?
Answer: Temperature extremes

Question: What land mass protects Seattle from Pacific caused weather?
Answer: Olympic Mountains

Question: What geologic feature protects Seattle from the Arctic cold winds?
Answer: Cascade Range

Question: What type of rain fall does Seattle most often experience?
Answer: light precipitation

Question: At what location is most weather data collected for the Seattle area?
Answer: Seattle–Tacoma International Airport
Seattle

Seattle experiences its heaviest rainfall during the months of November, December and January, receiving roughly half of its annual rainfall (by volume) during this period. In late fall and early winter, atmospheric rivers (also known as "Pineapple Express" systems), strong frontal systems, and Pacific low pressure systems are common. Light rain & drizzle are the predominant forms of precipitation during the remainder of the year; for instance, on average, less than 1.6 in (41 mm) of rain falls in July and August combined when rain is rare. On occasion, Seattle experiences somewhat more significant weather events. One such event occurred on December 2–4, 2007, when sustained hurricane-force winds and widespread heavy rainfall associated with a strong Pineapple Express event occurred in the greater Puget Sound area and the western parts of Washington and Oregon. Precipitation totals exceeded 13.8 in (350 mm) in some areas with winds topping out at 209 km/h (130 mph) along coastal Oregon. It became the second wettest event in Seattle history when a little over 130 mm (5.1 in) of rain fell on Seattle in a 24-hour period. Lack of adaptation to the heavy rain contributed to five deaths and widespread flooding and damage.

Question: What type of weather does Seattle have in the winter months?
Answer: heaviest rainfall

Question: What quantity of yearly rainfall does Seattle have during the winter?
Answer: half

Question: What are atmospheric rivers called  in the Seattle area?
Answer: Pineapple Express

Question: When did Seattle have hurricane type winds and heavy rains?
Answer: December 2–4, 2007

Question: How many deaths occurred during the 2007  heavy rains?
Answer: five deaths
Seattle

In recent years, the city has experienced steady population growth, and has been faced with the issue of accommodating more residents. In 2006, after growing by 4,000 citizens per year for the previous 16 years, regional planners expected the population of Seattle to grow by 200,000 people by 2040. However, former mayor Greg Nickels supported plans that would increase the population by 60%, or 350,000 people, by 2040 and worked on ways to accommodate this growth while keeping Seattle's single-family housing zoning laws. The Seattle City Council later voted to relax height limits on buildings in the greater part of Downtown, partly with the aim to increase residential density in the city centre. As a sign of increasing inner-city growth, the downtown population crested to over 60,000 in 2009, up 77% since 1990.

Question: How many more people does Seattle expect to have by 2040?
Answer: 200,000

Question: Who wanted to grow Seattle by 60% by 2040?
Answer: Greg Nickels

Question: How much increase in population has the inner Seattle city had since 1990?
Answer: 77%

Question: What was the downtown Seattle population in 2009?
Answer: 60,000

Question: What change in building heights did Seattle make to increase population density in its downtown ?
Answer: height limits
Seattle

Seattle's foreign-born population grew 40% between the 1990 and 2000 censuses. The Chinese population in the Seattle area has origins in mainland China, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia, and Taiwan. The earliest Chinese-Americans that came in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were almost entirely from Guangdong province. The Seattle area is also home to a large Vietnamese population of more than 55,000 residents, as well as over 30,000 Somali immigrants. The Seattle-Tacoma area is also home to one of the largest Cambodian communities in the United States, numbering about 19,000 Cambodian Americans, and one of the largest Samoan communities in the mainland U.S., with over 15,000 people having Samoan ancestry. Additionally, the Seattle area had the highest percentage of self-identified mixed-race people of any large metropolitan area in the United States, according to the 2000 United States Census Bureau. According to a 2012 HistoryLink study, Seattle's 98118 ZIP code (in the Columbia City neighborhood) was one of the most diverse ZIP Code Tabulation Areas in the United States.

Question: How much did Seattle's foreign born population expand between 1990-2000?
Answer: 40%

Question: From where in China did most of the first immigrants come?
Answer: Guangdong province

Question: How many Vietnamese residents are there in Seattle? 
Answer: 55,000

Question: What is the population of Cambodian immigrants in Seattle?
Answer: 19,000

Question: What other group of people does Seattle have the largest percentage of in the US?
Answer: self-identified mixed-race
Seattle

Seattle's population historically has been predominantly white. The 2010 census showed that Seattle was one of the whitest big cities in the country, although its proportion of white residents has been gradually declining. In 1960, whites comprised 91.6% of the city's population, while in 2010 they comprised 69.5%. According to the 2006–2008 American Community Survey, approximately 78.9% of residents over the age of five spoke only English at home. Those who spoke Asian languages other than Indo-European languages made up 10.2% of the population, Spanish was spoken by 4.5% of the population, speakers of other Indo-European languages made up 3.9%, and speakers of other languages made up 2.5%.

Question: In 1960, what was the percentage of whites in the Seattle area?
Answer: 91.6%

Question: According to the 2010 census, what was the white population in Seattle?
Answer: 69.5%

Question: In 2006-2008, how many people in Seattle spoke English at home?
Answer: 78.9%

Question: What is the percentage of Asian speakers in Seattle?
Answer: 10.2%

Question: What is the basic race of most people in Seattle?
Answer: white