Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Marshall_Islands

Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recognition of Britain's rights in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. On October 13, 1885, SMS Nautilus under Captain Rötger brought German emissaries to Jaluit. They signed a treaty with Kabua, whom the Germans had earlier recognized as "King of the Ralik Islands," on October 15.

Question: What nation had a claim on the Marshall Islands as of 1874?
Answer: the Spanish Empire

Question: What nation formed a protectorate over the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the German Empire

Question: What nation asserted their rights over the Gilbert and Ellice islands?
Answer: Britain

Question: On what ship did German ambassadors arrive in the Marshall Islands?
Answer: SMS Nautilus

Question: What title did the Germans give to Kabua?
Answer: King of the Ralik Islands
Marshall_Islands

Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation.

Question: On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans?
Answer: November 1

Question: What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany?
Answer: Imperial German Protectorate

Question: What nation had control of the Carolines?
Answer: Spain

Question: What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands?
Answer: copra

Question: In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain?
Answer: 1884
Marshall_Islands

A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea.

Question: What company ran the Marshall Islands in the late 19th century?
Answer: the Jaluit Gesellschaft

Question: When did the Jaluit Gesellschaft's administration of the islands end?
Answer: 1905

Question: What document was signed in 1899?
Answer: the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899

Question: Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899?
Answer: the Carolines

Question: What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions?
Answer: the governor of German New Guinea
Marshall_Islands

Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Father H. Linckens, another missionary from the Sacred Heart of Jesu Society visited the Marshall Islands in 1904 and 1911 for several weeks. He published a small work in 1912 about the Catholic mission activities and the people of the Marshall Islands.

Question: What Catholic group was Father Erdland a part of?
Answer: the Sacred Heart Jesu Society

Question: In what year did Father Erdland leave the Marshall Islands?
Answer: 1914

Question: In what year was Father Linckens' last visit to the Marshalls?
Answer: 1911

Question: When was Father Linckens' book published?
Answer: 1912

Question: In what year did Father Linckens first travel to the Marshalls?
Answer: 1904
Marshall_Islands

Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military power in East Asia.

Question: What notable historical event occurred in Japan in 1868?
Answer: the Meiji Restoration

Question: In what region did the Japanese attempt to build up their power after 1868?
Answer: East Asia

Question: Along with fishermen, what sort of Japanese people visited the Marshalls?
Answer: traders
Marshall_Islands

In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed (under protest) the Treaty of Versailles. It renounced all of its Pacific possessions, including the Marshall Islands. On December 17, 1920, the Council of the League of Nations approved the South Pacific Mandate for Japan to take over all former German colonies in the Pacific Ocean located north of the Equator. The Administrative Centre of the Marshall Islands archipelago remained Jaluit.

Question: On what date did the Japanese land on Enewetak?
Answer: September 29, 1914

Question: What military alliance did the Japanese join in the First World War?
Answer: the Entente

Question: What did the Japanese occupy on September 30, 1914?
Answer: the Jaluit Atoll

Question: On what date was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
Answer: June 28, 1919

Question: When was the South Pacific Mandate for Japan approved?
Answer: December 17, 1920
Marshall_Islands

The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau.

Question: About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony?
Answer: 1,000

Question: What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands?
Answer: economic

Question: What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands?
Answer: land

Question: Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants?
Answer: Palau
Marshall_Islands

The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II.

Question: What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders?
Answer: Matrilineality

Question: What system of social organization was used in Japan?
Answer: the Japanese Patriarchal system

Question: On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations?
Answer: March 27, 1933

Question: What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration?
Answer: Japanese

Question: Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls?
Answer: Catholic
Marshall_Islands

In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit.

Question: During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshall Islands?
Answer: World War II

Question: What was the name of the campaign in which the US occupied the Marshalls?
Answer: the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign

Question: In what year did the United States occupy the Marshalls?
Answer: 1944

Question: How many months did it take for the US to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak?
Answer: one

Question: Along with Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit, what parts of the Marshall Islands were not occupied in the first three months of the American campaign?
Answer: Wotje
Marshall_Islands

The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945.

Question: In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin?
Answer: 1943

Question: How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili?
Answer: 5,100

Question: What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger?
Answer: half

Question: Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders?
Answer: lack of food
Marshall_Islands

Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 21.

Question: During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshalls?
Answer: World War II

Question: What resolution of the UN Security Council gave the United States control over the Marshalls?
Answer: Security Council Resolution 21

Question: In what year was the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands created?
Answer: 1947

Question: What is the name of the broader region that the Marshall Islands are a part of?
Answer: Micronesia
Marshall_Islands

During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II." With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named "Ivy Mike," the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as "by far the most contaminated place in the world."

Question: In what year did the Cold War begin?
Answer: 1946

Question: How many nuclear weapons were tested in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958?
Answer: 67

Question: What was the name of the United States' largest atmospheric nuclear test?
Answer: Castle Bravo

Question: What was the yield of the Castle Bravo bombs in kilotons?
Answer: 108,496

Question: Which of the Marshall Islands was destroyed in a United States hydrogen bomb test?
Answer: Elugelab
Marshall_Islands

Nuclear claims between the U.S. and the Marshall Islands are ongoing, and health effects from these nuclear tests linger. Project 4.1 was a medical study conducted by the United States of those residents of the Bikini Atoll exposed to radioactive fallout. From 1956 to August 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the Marshallese Islanders in compensation for their exposure to U.S. nuclear weapon testing.

Question: What was the name of the US study of nuclear fallout on Bikini Atoll?
Answer: Project 4.1

Question: When did the United States begin to pay compensation to Marshall Islanders for nuclear weapon exposure?
Answer: 1956

Question: In millions of dollars, how much money did the United States pay out in nuclear testing compensation to Marshall Island residents between 1956 and 1998?
Answer: 759
Marshall_Islands

In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independence procedure was formally completed under international law in 1990, when the UN officially ended the Trusteeship status pursuant to Security Council Resolution 683.

Question: What document granted sovereignty to the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the Compact of Free Association

Question: In what year did the Marshall Islands receive sovereignty?
Answer: 1986

Question: Where in the Marshall Islands does the United States have a missile testing range?
Answer: Kwajalein Atoll

Question: When did UN Trusteeship over the Marshall Islands end?
Answer: 1990

Question: What Security Council Resolution ended UN Trusteeship over the Marshalls?
Answer: Security Council Resolution 683
Marshall_Islands

In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.

Question: What is the capital of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: Majuro

Question: On what day in 2008 did the Marshall Island government declare a state of emergency?
Answer: Christmas

Question: In meters, how high were the 2008 floods?
Answer: 0.91

Question: What caused the 2008 floods?
Answer: extreme waves and high tides

Question: In what year did waves overcome the walls of the capital city?
Answer: 2013
Marshall_Islands

In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted in the United States President declaring an emergency in the islands. This declaration activated support from US government agencies under the Republic's "free association" status with the United States, which provides humanitarian and other vital support.

Question: What part of the Marshall Islands experienced drought in 2013?
Answer: the northern atolls

Question: How many people were stricken by drought in 2013?
Answer: 6,000

Question: In the drought stricken areas, how many litres of water did residents consume each day?
Answer: 1

Question: Along with pink eye and influenza, what other health issue was caused by the drought?
Answer: diarrhea

Question: What official declared a state of emergency in the Marshall Islands in response to the drought?
Answer: the United States President
Marshall_Islands

Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disasters from battering his country and other similarly vulnerable countries. In September 2013, the Marshall Islands hosted the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit. De Brum proposed a Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership to galvanize concrete action on climate change.

Question: As of 2013, who was the Marshall Islands Minister of Foreign Affairs?
Answer: Tony de Brum

Question: In what month and year did the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit take place?
Answer: September 2013

Question: What document did Foreign Minister de Brum present at the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit?
Answer: Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership

Question: What environmental issue did the Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership address?
Answer: climate change

Question: Who encouraged de Brum to address climate issues?
Answer: the Obama administration
Marshall_Islands

The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators) to the lower house of RMI's unicameral legislature, the Nitijela. (Majuro, the capital atoll, elects five senators.) The President, who is head of state as well as head of government, is elected by the 33 senators of the Nitijela. Four of the five Marshallese presidents who have been elected since the Constitution was adopted in 1979 have been traditional paramount chiefs.

Question: What is the governing system of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: parliamentary-presidential system

Question: How old must a citizen of the Marshall Islands be to vote?
Answer: 18

Question: How often are elections held in the Marshall Islands?
Answer: every four years

Question: What is the name of the Marshall Islands legislature?
Answer: Nitijela

Question: When was the most recent constitution of the Marshall Islands adopted?
Answer: 1979
Marshall_Islands

Legislative power lies with the Nitijela. The upper house of Parliament, called the Council of Iroij, is an advisory body comprising twelve tribal chiefs. The executive branch consists of the President and the Presidential Cabinet, which consists of ten ministers appointed by the President with the approval of the Nitijela. The twenty-four electoral districts into which the country is divided correspond to the inhabited islands and atolls. There are currently four political parties in the Marshall Islands: Aelon̄ Kein Ad (AKA), United People's Party (UPP), Kien Eo Am (KEA) and United Democratic Party (UDP). Rule is shared by the AKA and the UDP. The following senators are in the legislative body:

Question: What is the name of the upper house of the Marshall Islands Parliament?
Answer: the Council of Iroij

Question: Who comprises the upper house of the Marshall Islands Parliament?
Answer: twelve tribal chiefs

Question: How many ministers are in the Presidential Cabinet?
Answer: ten

Question: Along with the United Democratic Party, what party currently rules the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the AKA

Question: How many electoral districts exist in the Marshall Islands?
Answer: twenty-four
Marshall_Islands

The Compact of Free Association with the United States gives the U.S. sole responsibility for international defense of the Marshall Islands. It allows islanders to live and work in the United States and establishes economic and technical aid programs.

Question: What document governs the defense of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: Compact of Free Association

Question: What nation is responsible for the defense of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the U.S.

Question: Along with economic aid, what assistance does the Compact of Free Association provide?
Answer: technical aid
Marshall_Islands

The Marshall Islands was admitted to the United Nations based on the Security Council's recommendation on August 9, 1991, in Resolution 704 and the General Assembly's approval on September 17, 1991, in Resolution 46/3. In international politics within the United Nations, the Marshall Islands has often voted consistently with the United States with respect to General Assembly resolutions.

Question: When did the UN Security Council recommend that the Marshall Islands be allowed to join the UN?
Answer: August 9, 1991

Question: When did the UN General Assembly approve the Marshall Islands joining the UN?
Answer: September 17, 1991

Question: What nation does the Marshall Islands vote similarly to in the General Assembly?
Answer: the United States

Question: What Security Council Resolution recommended that the Marshall Islands be allowed to join the UN?
Answer: Resolution 704
Marshall_Islands

On 28 April 2015, the Iranian navy seized the Marshall Island-flagged MV Maersk Tigris near the Strait of Hormuz. The ship had been chartered by Germany's Rickmers Ship Management, which stated that the ship contained no special cargo and no military weapons. The ship was reported to be under the control of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard according to the Pentagon. Tensions escallated in the region due to the intensifying of Saudi-led coalition attacks in Yemen. The Pentagon reported that the destroyer USS Farragut and a maritime reconnaissance aircraft were dispatched upon receiving a distress call from the ship Tigris and it was also reported that all 34 crew members were detained. US defense officials have said that they would review U.S. defense obligations to the Government of the Marshall Islands in the wake of recent events and also condemned the shots fired at the bridge as "inappropriate". It was reported in May 2015 that Tehran would release the ship after it paid a penalty.

Question: On what date did the Iranian Navy capture a Marshall Islands ship?
Answer: 28 April 2015

Question: What was the name of the Marshall Islands ship seized by Iran?
Answer: MV Maersk Tigris

Question: Who chartered the captured Marshall Islands ship?
Answer: Rickmers Ship Management

Question: How many crew members were on the MV Maersk Tigris?
Answer: 34

Question: Near what body of water was the Maersk Tigris seized?
Answer: the Strait of Hormuz
Marshall_Islands

The islands are located about halfway between Hawaii and Australia, north of Nauru and Kiribati, east of the Federated States of Micronesia, and south of the U.S. territory of Wake Island, to which it lays claim. The atolls and islands form two groups: the Ratak (sunrise) and the Ralik (sunset). The two island chains lie approximately parallel to one another, running northwest to southeast, comprising about 750,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) of ocean but only about 70 square miles (180 km2) of land mass. Each includes 15 to 18 islands and atolls. The country consists of a total of 29 atolls and five isolated islands.

Question: What nation lies to the west of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the Federated States of Micronesia

Question: What United States territory does the Marshall Islands claim?
Answer: Wake Island

Question: How many square kilometers of ocean do the Marshall Islands cover?
Answer: 1,900,000

Question: How many square kilometers of land do the Marshall Islands cover?
Answer: 180

Question: How many atolls are part of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: 29
Marshall_Islands

The Marshall Islands also lays claim to Wake Island. While Wake has been administered by the United States since 1899, the Marshallese government refers to it by the name Enen-kio.

Question: What island do the Marshall Islands claim?
Answer: Wake Island

Question: Who controls Wake Island?
Answer: the United States

Question: In what year did the US take control of Wake Island?
Answer: 1899

Question: What does the Marshall Islands government call Wake Island?
Answer: Enen-kio
Marshall_Islands

The climate is hot and humid, with a wet season from May to November. Many Pacific typhoons begin as tropical storms in the Marshall Islands region, and grow stronger as they move west toward the Mariana Islands and the Philippines.

Question: When does the wet season in the Marshalls begin?
Answer: May

Question: In what month does the Marshall Islands wet season end?
Answer: November

Question: Typhoons sometimes begin as what whether event in the Marshalls?
Answer: tropical storms

Question: Along with the Marianas, where do typhoons that begin in the Marshalls sometimes terminate?
Answer: the Philippines
Marshall_Islands

Due to its very low elevation, the Marshall Islands are threatened by the potential effects of sea level rise. According to the president of Nauru, the Marshall Islands are the most endangered nation in the world due to flooding from climate change.

Question: What feature makes the Marshalls susceptible to harm due to rising sea levels?
Answer: its very low elevation

Question: Who said that the Marshalls are the most endangered nation in the world?
Answer: the president of Nauru

Question: Why are the Marshall Islands the most endangered nation on Earth?
Answer: flooding from climate change
Marshall_Islands

Population has outstripped the supply of freshwater, usually from rainfall. The northern atolls get 50 inches (1,300 mm) of rainfall annually; the southern atolls about twice that. The threat of drought is commonplace throughout the island chains.

Question: How many millimeters of rain do the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands receive?
Answer: 1,300

Question: What is the main source of fresh water for the Marshall Islands?
Answer: rainfall

Question: What is the Marshall Islands often threatened with?
Answer: drought

Question: How much more rain do the southern atolls get compared to the northern?
Answer: twice
Marshall_Islands

In 2007, the Marshall Islands joined the International Labour Organization, which means its labour laws will comply with international benchmarks. This may impact business conditions in the islands.

Question: What body did the Marshall Islands join in 2007?
Answer: the International Labour Organization

Question: What is the significance of the Marshall Islands joining the International Labour Organization?
Answer: its labour laws will comply with international benchmarks

Question: What may see benefits from the Marshalls joining the International Labour Organization?
Answer: business conditions
Marshall_Islands

United States government assistance is the mainstay of the economy. Under terms of the Amended Compact of Free Association, the U.S. is committed to provide US$57.7 million per year in assistance to the Marshall Islands (RMI) through 2013, and then US$62.7 million through 2023, at which time a trust fund, made up of U.S. and RMI contributions, will begin perpetual annual payouts.

Question: How much money did the Marshall Islands receive yearly from the United States until 2013?
Answer: US$57.7 million

Question: How much money will the United States give the Marshal Islands every year until 2023?
Answer: US$62.7 million

Question: What document defines how much money is transferred from the United States to the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the Amended Compact of Free Association

Question: What will be established in 2023?
Answer: a trust fund
Marshall_Islands

The United States Army maintains the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site on Kwajalein Atoll. Marshallese land owners receive rent for the base.

Question: On what atoll is a missile test facility based?
Answer: Kwajalein Atoll

Question: Who is the missile test facility named after?
Answer: Ronald Reagan

Question: What is the official name of the missile test facility?
Answer: Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site

Question: What organization operates the missile test site?
Answer: United States Army
Marshall_Islands

Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms.[citation needed] The most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit.[citation needed]

Question: Along with coconuts, tomatoes and melons, what crops are notably grown in the Marshalls?
Answer: breadfruit

Question: Where does most agricultural production take place?
Answer: small farms
Marshall_Islands

In 1999, a private company built a tuna loining plant with more than 400 employees, mostly women. But the plant closed in 2005 after a failed attempt to convert it to produce tuna steaks, a process that requires half as many employees. Operating costs exceeded revenue, and the plant's owners tried to partner with the government to prevent closure. But government officials personally interested in an economic stake in the plant refused to help. After the plant closed, it was taken over by the government, which had been the guarantor of a $2 million loan to the business.[citation needed]

Question: In what year was a tuna loining plant constructed?
Answer: 1999

Question: How many people worked at the tuna loining plant?
Answer: 400

Question: In what year did the tuna loining plant shut down?
Answer: 2005

Question: Before it shut down, what was the tuna loining plant attempting to produce?
Answer: tuna steaks

Question: What was the amount of the loan to the tuna loining plant that the Marshall Islands government was responsible for?
Answer: $2 million
Marshall_Islands

On September 15, 2007, Witon Barry (of the Tobolar Copra processing plant in the Marshall Islands capital of Majuro) said power authorities, private companies, and entrepreneurs had been experimenting with coconut oil as alternative to diesel fuel for vehicles, power generators, and ships. Coconut trees abound in the Pacific's tropical islands. Copra, the meat of the coconut, yields coconut oil (1 liter for every 6 to 10 coconuts). In 2009, a 57 kW solar power plant was installed, the largest in the Pacific at the time, including New Zealand. It is estimated that 330 kW of solar and 450 kW of wind power would be required to make the College of the Marshall Islands energy self-sufficient. Marshalls Energy Company (MEC), a government entity, provides the islands with electricity. In 2008, 420 solar home systems of 200 Wp each were installed on Ailinglaplap Atoll, sufficient for limited electricity use.

Question: Who did Witon Barry work for?
Answer: the Tobolar Copra processing plant

Question: Where was the Tobolar Copra plant located?
Answer: Majuro

Question: What is copra?
Answer: the meat of the coconut

Question: How many coconuts are required to produce 1 liter of coconut oil?
Answer: 6 to 10

Question: How many kilowatts of power are produced by the solar plant built in 2009?
Answer: 57
Marshall_Islands

Historical population figures are unknown. In 1862, the population was estimated at about 10,000. In 1960, the entire population was about 15,000. In July 2011, the number of island residents was estimated to number about 72,191. Over two-thirds of the population live in the capital, Majuro and Ebeye, the secondary urban center, located in Kwajalein Atoll. This excludes many who have relocated elsewhere, primarily to the United States. The Compact of Free Association allows them to freely relocate to the United States and obtain work there. A large concentration of about 4,300 Marshall Islanders have relocated to Springdale, Arkansas, the largest population concentration of natives outside their island home.

Question: About how many people lived in the Marshall Islands in 1862?
Answer: 10,000

Question: How many people lived in the Marshall Islands in 1960?
Answer: 15,000

Question: As of July 2011, how many people resided on the Marshall Islands?
Answer: 72,191

Question: On what atoll is Ebeye located?
Answer: Kwajalein Atoll

Question: What town hosts the largest number of Marshall Islanders outside the Marshall Islands?
Answer: Springdale, Arkansas
Marshall_Islands

Most of the residents are Marshallese, who are of Micronesian origin and migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. A minority of Marshallese have some recent Asian ancestry, mainly Japanese. About one-half of the nation's population lives on Majuro, the capital, and Ebeye, a densely populated island. The outer islands are sparsely populated due to lack of employment opportunities and economic development. Life on the outer atolls is generally traditional.

Question: What is the ethnicity of most Marshall Islands residents?
Answer: Marshallese

Question: From what continent did the Marshallese originate?
Answer: Asia

Question: What fraction of the population lives on Majuro or Ebeye?
Answer: one-half

Question: What recent Asian ancestry do some Marshall Island residents have?
Answer: Japanese

Question: From when did the Marshallese migrate from the Asian continent?
Answer: several thousand years ago
Marshall_Islands

Major religious groups in the Republic of the Marshall Islands include the United Church of Christ (formerly Congregational), with 51.5% of the population; the Assemblies of God, 24.2%; the Roman Catholic Church, 8.4%; and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), 8.3%; Also represented are Bukot Nan Jesus (also known as Assembly of God Part Two), 2.2%; Baptist, 1.0%; Seventh-day Adventists, 0.9%; Full Gospel, 0.7%; and the Baha'i Faith, 0.6%; Persons without any religious affiliation account for a very small percentage of the population. There is also a small community of Ahmadiyya Muslims based in Majuro, with the first mosque opening in the capital in September 2012.

Question: What was the previous name of the United Church of Christ?
Answer: Congregational

Question: What percentage of Marshall Islanders belong to the Assemblies of God?
Answer: 24.2%

Question: What percentage of Marshall Islands residents are Mormons?
Answer: 8.3%

Question: What percentage of Marshall Islanders worship at the Assembly of God Part Two?
Answer: 2.2%

Question: When did the first mosque in Majuro open?
Answer: September 2012
Marshall_Islands

The Marshall Islands are served by the Marshall Islands International Airport in Majuro, the Bucholz Army Airfield in Kwajalein, and other small airports and airstrips.

Question: Where is the Marshall Islands International Airport located?
Answer: Majuro

Question: What airfield operates in Kwajalein?
Answer: Bucholz Army Airfield
Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro (Classical Latin: [ˈpuː.blɪ.ʊs wɛrˈɡɪ.lɪ.ʊs ˈma.roː]; October 15, 70 BC – September 21, 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil /ˈvɜːrdʒᵻl/ in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He is known for three major works of Latin literature, the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid. A number of minor poems, collected in the Appendix Vergiliana, are sometimes attributed to him.

Question: During which period was Vigil a poet?
Answer: Augustan

Question: How many major works of literature is Virgil known for?
Answer: three

Question: Which major Latin epic is Virgil known for?
Answer: Aeneid

Question: What is Virgil's full name?
Answer: Publius Vergilius Maro

Question: Which collection of minor poems are sometimes attributed to Virgil?
Answer: Appendix Vergiliana

Question: What work did Virgil write first?

Question: What date did Virgil finish the Aeneid?

Question: When did the Augustan period start?

Question: How many poems by Virgil still exist today?

Question: What is Virgil's most famous work?

Question: How many chapters are in the Aeneid?

Question: What is Virgil's least famous work?

Question: When did Virgil publish his last poem?

Question: What is Virgil's longest book?

Question: What was the first language the Aeneid was translated into?
Virgil

Virgil is traditionally ranked as one of Rome's greatest poets. His Aeneid has been considered the national epic of ancient Rome from the time of its composition to the present day. Modeled after Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, the Aeneid follows the Trojan refugee Aeneas as he struggles to fulfill his destiny and arrive on the shores of Italy—in Roman mythology the founding act of Rome. Virgil's work has had wide and deep influence on Western literature, most notably Dante's Divine Comedy, in which Virgil appears as Dante's guide through hell and purgatory.

Question: Which of Virgil's works is considered the national epic of ancient Rome?
Answer: Aeneid

Question: Which works did Virgil model the Aeneid after?
Answer: Iliad and Odyssey

Question: Who is the main character in the Aeneid?
Answer: Aeneas

Question: What was Aeneas trying to accomplish in the Aeneid?
Answer: fulfill his destiny and arrive on the shores of Italy

Question: Who appears as Dante's guide through hell and purgatory in the Divine Comedy?
Answer: Virgil

Question: Where was Dante born?

Question: What is Dante's goal in the Divine Comedy?

Question: What era did Dante write The Divine Comedy in?

Question: What is the name of Homer's most famous epic?

Question: Where was Virgil born?

Question: Which of Homer's works is longer, the Iliad or Odyssey?

Question: Where did Virgil write his works?

Question: What was Dante's nationality?

Question: What is the Iliad about?
Virgil

Virgil's biographical tradition is thought to depend on a lost biography by Varius, Virgil's editor, which was incorporated into the biography by Suetonius and the commentaries of Servius and Donatus, the two great commentators on Virgil's poetry. Although the commentaries no doubt record much factual information about Virgil, some of their evidence can be shown to rely on inferences made from his poetry and allegorizing; thus, Virgil's biographical tradition remains problematic.

Question: Who was Virgil's editor?
Answer: Varius

Question: Whose two commentaries were incorporated into Virgil's biography by Suetonius?
Answer: Servius and Donatus

Question: What do the comentaries rely on for some of their information about Virgil?
Answer: inferences made from his poetry and allegorizing

Question: Is Virgil's biographical tradition easily researched or is it problematic?
Answer: problematic

Question: Who edited Donatus' commentaries?

Question: How many people did Virgil write biographies about?

Question: What was Varius most famous for?

Question: Who wrote a biography of Servius?

Question: Who wrote the most about Virgil?
Virgil

The tradition holds that Virgil was born in the village of Andes, near Mantua in Cisalpine Gaul. Analysis of his name has led to beliefs that he descended from earlier Roman colonists. Modern speculation ultimately is not supported by narrative evidence either from his own writings or his later biographers. Macrobius says that Virgil's father was of a humble background; however, scholars generally believe that Virgil was from an equestrian landowning family which could afford to give him an education. He attended schools in Cremona, Mediolanum, Rome and Naples. After considering briefly a career in rhetoric and law, the young Virgil turned his talents to poetry.

Question: In which village does tradition believe Virgil was born?
Answer: Andes

Question: In which cities did Virgil attend schools?
Answer: Cremona, Mediolanum, Rome and Naples

Question: What other career did Virgil consider?
Answer: rhetoric and law

Question: Which type of family do scholars generally believe Virgil belonged to?
Answer: equestrian landowning

Question: Does Macrobius believe Virgil's father came from a distinguished or humble background?
Answer: humble

Question: Where was Virgil's father born?

Question: What kind of family did Macrobius have?

Question: What city did Virgil live the longest in?

Question: Where was Macrobius born?

Question: What career did Virgil's father have?
Virgil

According to the commentators, Virgil received his first education when he was five years old and he later went to Cremona, Milan, and finally Rome to study rhetoric, medicine, and astronomy, which he soon abandoned for philosophy. From Virgil's admiring references to the neoteric writers Pollio and Cinna, it has been inferred that he was, for a time, associated with Catullus' neoteric circle. However schoolmates considered Virgil extremely shy and reserved, according to Servius, and he was nicknamed "Parthenias" or "maiden" because of his social aloofness. Virgil seems to have suffered bad health throughout his life and in some ways lived the life of an invalid. According to the Catalepton, while in the Epicurean school of Siro the Epicurean at Naples, he began to write poetry. A group of small works attributed to the youthful Virgil by the commentators survive collected under the title Appendix Vergiliana, but are largely considered spurious by scholars. One, the Catalepton, consists of fourteen short poems, some of which may be Virgil's, and another, a short narrative poem titled the Culex ("The Gnat"), was attributed to Virgil as early as the 1st century AD.

Question: Which three studies did Virgil abandon for philosophy?
Answer: rhetoric, medicine, and astronomy

Question: How was Virgil regarded socially by his schoolmates?
Answer: extremely shy and reserved

Question: What was Virgil's nickname?
Answer: Parthenias

Question: How did Virgil earn his nickname "Parthenias" or "maiden"?
Answer: social aloofness

Question: Which short narrative poem was attributed to Virgil as early as the 1st century AD?
Answer: the Culex

Question: What did Cinna study?

Question: What did his friends think Catullus was like?

Question: What problem did Servius have?

Question: How many stanzas are in the poem the Culex?

Question: Where did Pollio live?
Virgil

Sometime after the publication of the Eclogues (probably before 37 BC), Virgil became part of the circle of Maecenas, Octavian's capable agent d'affaires who sought to counter sympathy for Antony among the leading families by rallying Roman literary figures to Octavian's side. Virgil came to know many of the other leading literary figures of the time, including Horace, in whose poetry he is often mentioned, and Varius Rufus, who later helped finish the Aeneid.

Question: Who helped finish the Aeneid?
Answer: Varius Rufus

Question: When where the Eclogues likely published?
Answer: before 37 BC

Question: What were Octavian' s agent d'affaires called?
Answer: Maecenas

Question: Which leading literary figure often mentioned Virgin in his poetry?
Answer: Horace

Question: Who invited Virgil to become part of the circle of Maecenas?

Question: Which Roman figure of the time was the most prolific writer?

Question: What was Octavian's favorite hobby?

Question: What work was Virgil the most proud of?

Question: How many poems did Horace write?
Virgil

At Maecenas' insistence (according to the tradition) Virgil spent the ensuing years (perhaps 37–29 BC) on the long didactic hexameter poem called the Georgics (from Greek, "On Working the Earth") which he dedicated to Maecenas. The ostensible theme of the Georgics is instruction in the methods of running a farm. In handling this theme, Virgil follows in the didactic ("how to") tradition of the Greek poet Hesiod's Works and Days and several works of the later Hellenistic poets. The four books of the Georgics focus respectively on raising crops and trees (1 and 2), livestock and horses (3), and beekeeping and the qualities of bees (4). Well-known passages include the beloved Laus Italiae of Book 2, the prologue description of the temple in Book 3, and the description of the plague at the end of Book 3. Book 4 concludes with a long mythological narrative, in the form of an epyllion which describes vividly the discovery of beekeeping by Aristaeus and the story of Orpheus' journey to the underworld. Ancient scholars, such as Servius, conjectured that the Aristaeus episode replaced, at the emperor's request, a long section in praise of Virgil's friend, the poet Gallus, who was disgraced by Augustus, and who committed suicide in 26 BC.

Question: Which long didactic hexameter poem did Virgil work on for several years?
Answer: Georgics

Question: To whom was Georgics dedicated to?
Answer: Maecenas

Question: The theme of Georgics is instruction in the methods of what?
Answer: running a farm

Question: Which of Virgil's poet friends committed suicide in 26 BC?
Answer: Gallus

Question: Who was Gallus disgraced by?
Answer: Augustus

Question: Who discovered how to raise crops?

Question: How many poems did Hesiod write?

Question: What did the poet Gallus write about most?

Question: What was Maecenas' profession?

Question: What kind of poems did Hesiod write?
Virgil

The Georgics' tone wavers between optimism and pessimism, sparking critical debate on the poet's intentions, but the work lays the foundations for later didactic poetry. Virgil and Maecenas are said to have taken turns reading the Georgics to Octavian upon his return from defeating Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.

Question: Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra at which battle?
Answer: Battle of Actium

Question: When did Octavian return from the Battle of Actium?
Answer: 31 BC

Question: Who took turns with Virgil to read the Georgics to Octavian?
Answer: Maecenas

Question: When were the Georgics published?

Question: Who wrote the Georgics?

Question: Where were the Georgics written?

Question: What did most of Virgil's writing compose of?

Question: Who funded the writing of the Georgics?
Virgil

The Aeneid is widely considered Virgil's finest work and one of the most important poems in the history of western literature. Virgil worked on the Aeneid during the last eleven years of his life (29–19 BC), commissioned, according to Propertius, by Augustus. The epic poem consists of 12 books in dactylic hexameter verse which describe the journey of Aeneas, a warrior fleeing the sack of Troy, to Italy, his battle with the Italian prince Turnus, and the foundation of a city from which Rome would emerge. The Aeneid's first six books describe the journey of Aeneas from Troy to Rome. Virgil made use of several models in the composition of his epic; Homer, the preeminent author of classical epic, is everywhere present, but Virgil also makes special use of the Latin poet Ennius and the Hellenistic poet Apollonius of Rhodes among the various other writers to which he alludes. Although the Aeneid casts itself firmly into the epic mode, it often seeks to expand the genre by including elements of other genres such as tragedy and aetiological poetry. Ancient commentators noted that Virgil seems to divide the Aeneid into two sections based on the poetry of Homer; the first six books were viewed as employing the Odyssey as a model while the last six were connected to the Iliad.

Question: Which of Virgil's works is widely considered his finest?
Answer: The Aeneid

Question: Who commissioned the Aeneid according to Propertius?
Answer: Augustus

Question: How many books are included in The Aeneid?
Answer: 12

Question: Which of Homer's works did the first six books of the Aeneid model after?
Answer: Odyssey

Question: Which of Homer's works did the last six books of the Aeneid connect to?
Answer: Iliad

Question: How old was Virgil when he died?

Question: Which poet published the most work?

Question: Who commissioned the Iliad?

Question: Which of Homer's works was longer, the Iliad or the Odyssey?