Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.

Question: Which official name was Russia given at the start of 1918?
Answer: the Soviet Russian Republic

Question: To which country did Russia give land during World War I?
Answer: Germany

Question: Which treaty did Russia sign in order to give land and gain peace during World War I?
Answer: the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Question: What war resulted in Russia shrinking further during 1918?
Answer: the Russian Civil War

Question: What numbered meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets occurred on January 25, 1918?
Answer: third

Question: On January 25, 1918, what was the official name given to the Soviet state?
Answer: the Soviet Russian Republic

Question: What did Russia receive in return for signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Answer: peace in World War I

Question: On what date was the country renamed the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic?
Answer: July 10, 1918

Question: During what 1918 conflict did states secede from Russia?
Answer: the Russian Civil War

Question: Which unofficial name was Russia given at the start of 1918?

Question: To which country did Russia give land during World War II?

Question: Which treaty did Russia sign in order to give land and gain peace during World War II?

Question: What war resulted in Russia growing further during 1918?

Question: What numbered meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets occurred on January 25, 1981?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

In 1943, Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved by Joseph Stalin, when the Karachays were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans and territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR.

Question: Which oblast was broken up in 1943?
Answer: Karachay Autonomous Oblast

Question: Where were the Karachays sent after their oblast was broken up?
Answer: Central Asia

Question: Which SSR received the land of the Karachays' oblast?
Answer: the Georgian SSR

Question: Who broke up the Karachays' oblast?
Answer: Joseph Stalin

Question: Who eliminated the Karachay Autonomous Oblast?
Answer: Joseph Stalin

Question: When was the Karachay Autonomous Oblast ended?
Answer: 1943

Question: To where were the Karachays exiled?
Answer: Central Asia

Question: Why were the Karachays exiled?
Answer: alleged collaboration with the Germans

Question: What republic was the territory of the Karachay Autonomous Oblast transferred to?
Answer: Georgian SSR

Question: Which oblast was kept together in 1943?

Question: Where were the Karachays not sent after their oblast was broken up?

Question: Which SSR rejected the land of the Karachays' oblast?

Question: Who didn't break up the Karachays' oblast?

Question: When was the Karachay Autonomous Oblast not ended?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

The RSFSR was established on November 7, 1917 (October Revolution) as a sovereign state. The first Constitution was adopted in 1918. In 1922 the Russian SFSR signed the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR.

Question: On what date was the RSFSR established?
Answer: November 7, 1917

Question: What event led to the establishment of the RSFSR?
Answer: October Revolution

Question: In what year was the Constitution adopted?
Answer: 1918

Question: The Treaty on the Creation of the USSR was signed in what year?
Answer: 1922

Question: On what date was the RSFSR abolished?

Question: What event led to the abolishment of the RSFSR?

Question: In what year was the Constitution rejected?

Question: The Treaty on the Creation of the USSR was not signed in what year?

Question: What year was the first Constitution not adopted?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR. It was, by 1961, the third largest producer of petroleum due to new discoveries in the Volga-Urals region and Siberia, trailing only the United States and Saudi Arabia. In 1974, there were 475 institutes of higher education in the republic providing education in 47 languages to some 23,941,000 students. A network of territorially-organized public-health services provided health care. After 1985, the restructuring policies of the Gorbachev administration relatively liberalised the economy, which had become stagnant since the late 1970s, with the introduction of non-state owned enterprises such as cooperatives. The effects of market policies led to the failure of many enterprises and total instability by 1990.

Question: How much of the USSR's electricity was produced in the RSFSR?
Answer: two-thirds

Question: What two countries produced more petroleum than Russia in 1961?
Answer: the United States and Saudi Arabia

Question: How many students were in institutions of higher education in Russia in 1974?
Answer: 23,941,000

Question: How many institutions of higher education did Russia possess in 1974?
Answer: 475

Question: In how many languages were students in institutions of higher education being educated in 1974?
Answer: 47

Question: How much of the USSR's electricity was delayed in the RSFSR?

Question: What two countries produced less petroleum than Russia in 1961?

Question: How many students were in institutions of lower education in Russia in 1974?

Question: How many institutions of high school did Russia possess in 1974?

Question: In how many languages were students in institutions of high school being educated in 1974?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states (i.e. denunciation of 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the CIS. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Russian Parliament, therefore Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR.

Question: On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty adopted?
Answer: June 12, 1990

Question: Who became president on June 12, 1991?
Answer: Boris Yeltsin

Question: On what date were the Belavezha Accords signed?
Answer: December 8, 1991

Question: When did the Russian Parliament ratify the Belavezha Accords?
Answer: December 12

Question: What agreement did the Belavezha Accords supersede?
Answer: 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR

Question: On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty rejected?

Question: Who became prime minister on June 12, 1991?

Question: On what date were the Belavezha Accords rejected?

Question: When did the Russian Parliament reject the Belavezha Accords?

Question: What agreement did the Belavezha Accords superimpose?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On December 25, 1991, the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation. On December 26, 1991, the USSR was self-dissolved by the Soviet of Nationalities, which by that time was the only functioning house of the Supreme Soviet (the other house, Soviet of the Union, had already lost the quorum after recall of its members by the union republics). After dissolution of the USSR, Russia declared that it assumed the rights and obligations of the dissolved central Soviet government, including UN membership.

Question: What was the new name given to the RSFSR on December 25, 1991?
Answer: Russian Federation

Question: On what date was the USSR dissolved?
Answer: December 26, 1991

Question: What body was responsible for the dissolution of the USSR?
Answer: Soviet of Nationalities

Question: What house of the Supreme Soviet was not functioning as of December 26, 1991?
Answer: Soviet of the Union

Question: What was one right of the Soviet government that the government of Russia assumed?
Answer: UN membership

Question: What was the new name given to the RSFSR on November 25, 1991

Question: On what date was the USSR resolved?

Question: What body was responsible for the solution of the USSR?

Question: What house of the Supreme Soviet was functioning as of December 26, 1991?

Question: What was one right of the Soviet government that the citizens of Russia assumed?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On January 25, 1918 the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets renamed the unrecognized state the Soviet Russian Republic. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on March 3, 1918, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany in exchange for peace during the rest of World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.

Question: On what date was the state named the Soviet Russian Republic?
Answer: January 25, 1918

Question: What body renamed the state the Soviet Russian Republic?
Answer: All-Russian Congress of Soviets

Question: When was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed?
Answer: March 3, 1918

Question: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ceded land to what state?
Answer: Germany

Question: What document renamed the state the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic?
Answer: Russian Constitution of 1918

Question: On what date was the state named the Soviet Communist Republic?

Question: What head renamed the state the Soviet Russian Republic?

Question: When was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk rejected?

Question: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk took land from what state?

Question: What person renamed the state the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

Internationally, in 1920, the RSFSR was recognized as an independent state only by Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania in the Treaty of Tartu and by the short-lived Irish Republic.

Question: What treaty resulted in the recognition of the RSFSR by Latvia and other states?
Answer: Treaty of Tartu

Question: Along with Estonia, Latvia, Finland and Lithuania, what state recognized the RSFSR in 1920?
Answer: Irish Republic

Question: What treaty resulted in the nonrecognition of the RSFSR by Latvia and other states?

Question: Along with Estonia, Latvia, Finland and Lithuania, what state went didn't recognize the RSFSR in 1920?

Question: What year was the RSFSW nor recognized as an independent state?

Question: What didn't happen in 1920?

Question: Which countries refused to recognize the RSFSR?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

For most of the Soviet Union's existence, it was commonly referred to as "Russia," even though technically "Russia" was only one republic within the larger union—albeit by far the largest, most powerful and most highly developed.

Question: What was the common name of the Soviet Union?
Answer: Russia

Question: Technically, what type of state was Russia?
Answer: republic

Question: What was the largest republic in the Soviet Union?
Answer: Russia

Question: What was the uncommon name of the Soviet Union?

Question: Technically, what type of state wasn't Russia?

Question: What was the smallest republic in the Soviet Union?

Question: Which republic was the least developed?

Question: Which republic was the least powerful?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

Roughly 70% of the area in the RSFSR consisted of broad plains, with mountainous tundra regions mainly concentrated in the east. The area is rich in mineral resources, including petroleum, natural gas, and iron ore.

Question: What percentage of the RSFSR was made up of plains?
Answer: 70%

Question: In what part of the RSFSR did tundra mainly exist?
Answer: the east

Question: Along with petroleum and iron ore, what resource was abundant in the RSFSR?
Answer: natural gas

Question: What percentage of the RSFSR wasn't made up of plains?

Question: In what part of the RSFSR did tundra mainly not exist?

Question: Along with petroleum and iron ore, what resource was depleted in the RSFSR?

Question: What scarce resources are there?

Question: Where are the desert regions mainly concentrated?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On December 30, 1922, the First Congress of the Soviets of the USSR approved the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, by which Russia was united with the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, and Transcaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic into a single federal state, the Soviet Union. Later treaty was included in the 1924 Soviet Constitution,[clarification needed] adopted on January 31, 1924 by the Second Congress of Soviets of the USSR.

Question: On what date was the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR passed?
Answer: December 30, 1922

Question: What body passed the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR?
Answer: First Congress of the Soviets of the USSR

Question: Along with the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, what state joined Russia to form the Soviet Union?
Answer: Transcaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic

Question: On what date was the 1924 Soviet Constitution adopted?
Answer: January 31, 1924

Question: What body adopted the 1924 Soviet Constitution?
Answer: the Second Congress of Soviets of the USSR

Question: On what date was the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR rejected?

Question: What body rejected the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR?

Question: Along with the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, what state didn't join Russia to form the Soviet Union?

Question: On what date was the 1942 Soviet Constitution adopted?

Question: What body rejected the 1924 Soviet Constitution?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

Many regions in Russia were affected by the Soviet famine of 1932–1933: Volga; Central Black Soil Region; North Caucasus; the Urals; the Crimea; part of Western Siberia; and the Kazak ASSR. With the adoption of the 1936 Soviet Constitution on December 5, 1936, the size of the RSFSR was significantly reduced. The Kazakh ASSR and Kirghiz ASSR were transformed into the Kazakh and Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republics. The Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic was transferred to the Uzbek SSR.

Question: During what span was there a famine in the Soviet Union?
Answer: 1932–1933

Question: What document was ratified on December 5, 1936?
Answer: the 1936 Soviet Constitution

Question: What were the Kazakh ASSR and Kirghiz ASSR renamed per the 1936 Soviet Constitution?
Answer: the Kazakh and Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republics

Question: What republic did the Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic become a part of?
Answer: the Uzbek SSR

Question: What effect did the 1936 Soviet Constitution have on the size of the Russia?
Answer: reduced

Question: During what span was there a feast in the Soviet Union?

Question: What document was rejected on December 5, 1936?

Question: What were the Kazakh ASSR and Kirghiz ASSR not named per the 1936 Soviet Constitution?

Question: What republic did the Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic cease being a part of?

Question: What effect did the 1963 Soviet Constitution have on the size of the Russia?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

The final name for the republic during the Soviet era was adopted by the Russian Constitution of 1937, which renamed it the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

Question: What was Soviet Russia called as of 1937?
Answer: the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

Question: What document changed the name of Russia in 1937?
Answer: the Russian Constitution of 1937

Question: What was Soviet Russia not called as of 1937?

Question: What was Soviet Russia called as of 1973?

Question: What document changed the name of Russia in 1973?

Question: What document kept the name of Russia in 1937?

Question: The final name for the republic during the Soviet era was rejected by the Russian Constitution of 1937
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On March 3, 1944, on the orders of Stalin, the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was disbanded and its population forcibly deported upon the accusations of collaboration with the invaders and separatism. The territory of the ASSR was divided between other administrative unit of Russian SFSR and the Georgian SSR.

Question: What state was dissolved on March 3, 1944?
Answer: the Chechen-Ingush ASSR

Question: Who ordered the deportation of the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR?
Answer: Stalin

Question: Why were the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR deported?
Answer: accusations of collaboration with the invaders and separatism

Question: Along with the RSFSR, what republic received territory from the former Chechen-Ingush ASSR?
Answer: Georgian SSR

Question: What state was created on March 3, 1944?

Question: Who ordered the naturalization of the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR?

Question: Why were the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR not deported?

Question: Along with the RSFSR, what republic didn't receive territory from the former Chechen-Ingush ASSR?

Question: What state was dissolved on March 4, 1943?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On October 11, 1944, the Tuvan People's Republic joined the Russian SFSR as the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast, in 1961 becoming an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

Question: What was the Tuvan People's Republic renamed when it joined the RSFSR?
Answer: Tuvan Autonomous Oblast

Question: On what date did the Tuvan People's Republic join the Russian SFSR?
Answer: October 11, 1944

Question: What did the former Tuvan People's Republic become in 1961?
Answer: an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

Question: What was the Tuvan People's Republic renamed when it exited the RSFSR?

Question: On what date did the Tuvan People's Republic leave the Russian SFSR?

Question: What did the former Tuvan People's Republic become in 1916?

Question: What happened on October 11, 1941?

Question: What wasn't renamed to Tuvan Autonomous Oblast?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

After reconquering Estonia and Latvia in 1944, the Russian SFSR annexed their easternmost territories around Ivangorod and within the modern Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts in 1944-1945.

Question: Along with Estonia, what country was taken over by the Russian SFSR in 1944?
Answer: Latvia

Question: What modern districts of Estonia and Latvia were annexed by the RSFSR in 1944?
Answer: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts

Question: Near what town did the RSFSR annex territory in 1944?
Answer: Ivangorod

Question: Along with Estonia, what country was left alone by the Russian SFSR in 1944?

Question: What modern districts of Estonia and Latvia were annexed by the RSFSR in 1934?

Question: Near what town did the RSFSR leave territory in 1944?

Question: What happened to Estonia and Latvia in 1494?

Question: Along with Latvia, what country was traded over by the Russian SFSR in 1944?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

At the end of World War II Soviet troops occupied southern Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands, making them part of the RSFSR. The status of the southernmost Kurils remains in dispute with Japan.

Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were occupied by the Soviets after the Second World War?
Answer: Kuril Islands

Question: What administrative division did Sakhalin Island become a part of?
Answer: the RSFSR

Question: The ownership of what islands are disputed with Japan?
Answer: the southernmost Kurils

Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were occupied by the Soviets after the First World War?

Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were not occupied by the Soviets after the Second World War?

Question: What administrative division did Sakhalin Island not become a part of?

Question: What military division did Sakhalin Island become a part of?

Question: The ownership of what islands are not disputed with Japan?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On April 17, 1946, the Kaliningrad Oblast — the northern portion of the former German province of East Prussia—was annexed by the Soviet Union and made part of the Russian SFSR.

Question: On what date was Kaliningrad Oblast annexed?
Answer: April 17, 1946

Question: What province of Germany did Kaliningrad Oblast form a part of?
Answer: East Prussia

Question: What administrative division did Kaliningrad Oblast become a part of?
Answer: the Russian SFSR

Question: On what date was Kaliningrad Oblast trade away?

Question: On what date was Kaliningrad Ozarks annexed?

Question: What state of Germany did Kaliningrad Oblast form a part of?

Question: What province of Germany did Kaliningrad Oblast cease to be a part of?

Question: What administrative division did Kaliningrad Oblast leave?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On February 8, 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion.

Question: Who was demoted on February 8, 1955?
Answer: Malenkov

Question: To what position was Malenkov demoted?
Answer: deputy Prime Minister

Question: What position was held by Nikita Khrushchev?
Answer: First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party

Question: Who benefited from the demotion of Malenkov?
Answer: Nikita Khrushchev

Question: Who was promoted on February 8, 1955?

Question: Who was demoted on February 8, 1945?

Question: To what position was Malenkov promoted?

Question: What position wasn't held by Nikita Khrushchev?

Question: Who benefited from the promotion of Malenkov?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR.

Question: When was the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic transferred from the Georgian SSR?
Answer: January 9, 1957

Question: What territory was transferred along with the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic?
Answer: Karachay Autonomous Oblast

Question: Who transferred the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1957?
Answer: Khrushchev

Question: To what republic was the Karachay Autonomous Oblast transferred in 1957?
Answer: the Russian SFSR

Question: What republic had the Karachay Autonomous Oblast previously been a part of?
Answer: the Georgian SSR

Question: When was the Chechen-Irish Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic transferred from the Georgian SSR?

Question: What territory was kept along with the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic?

Question: Who transferred the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1975?

Question: To what republic was the Karachay Autonomous Oblast kept from in 1957?

Question: What republic had the Karachay Autonomous Oblast previously not been a part of?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

In 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorbachev took power and introduced liberal reforms in Soviet society.

Question: Who lost power in 1964?
Answer: Nikita Khrushchev

Question: Who assumed a position of power in 1964?
Answer: Leonid Brezhnev

Question: When did Leonid Brezhnev die?
Answer: 1982

Question: Whose assumption of power ended the era of stagnation?
Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev

Question: How did Mikhail Gorbachev end the era of stagnation?
Answer: introduced liberal reforms in Soviet society

Question: Who lost power in 1946?

Question: Who assumed a position of power in 1946?

Question: When did Leonard Brezhnev die?

Question: Whose assumption of power continued the era of stagnation?

Question: How did Mikhail Gorbachev begin the era of stagnation?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR, which was the beginning of the "War of Laws", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republics.

Question: On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR adopted?
Answer: June 12, 1990

Question: What body passed the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR?
Answer: the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic

Question: What was the name of the period inaugurated by the passage of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR?
Answer: the "War of Laws"

Question: What government was the Russian Federation fighting against during this period?
Answer: the Soviet Union

Question: On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR rejected?

Question: What body rejected the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR?

Question: What was the name of the period ended by the passage of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR?

Question: What government was the Russian Federation fighting alongside during this period?

Question: What government was the Russian Federation not fighting against during this period?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev.

Question: On what date was the office of President of the RSFSR created?
Answer: March 17, 1991

Question: Who was the first President of the RSFSR?
Answer: Boris Yeltsin

Question: Who was the President of the Soviet Union in 1991?
Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev

Question: On what date did the first election for President of the RSFSR occur?
Answer: June 12

Question: During what period was there an attempted coup in Moscow?
Answer: August 19–21, 1991

Question: On what date was the office of President of the RSFSR not created?

Question: Who wasn't the first President of the RSFSR?

Question: Who was the President of the Soviet Union in 1919?

Question: On what date did the second election for President of the RSFSR occur?

Question: During what period was there an attempted coup in Kiev?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR and the RSFSR from the territory of the RSFSR.

Question: On what date was the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR suspended?
Answer: August 23

Question: Who signed the decree suspending the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?
Answer: Yeltsin

Question: On what date was the Communist Parties of the USSR banned from operating in the RSFSR?
Answer: November 6

Question: Aside from Yeltsin, what notable figure was present at the signing of the August 23 decree?
Answer: Gorbachev

Question: On what date was the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR upheld?

Question: Who didn't sign the decree suspending the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?

Question: Who signed the decree upholding the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?

Question: On what date was the Socialist Parties of the USSR banned from operating in the RSFSR?

Question: Aside from Yeltsin, what notable figure was present at the signing of the August 3 decree?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the "Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). The document, consisting of a preamble and fourteen articles, stated that the Soviet Union ceased to exist as a subject of international law and geopolitical reality. However, based on the historical community of peoples, relations between them, given the bilateral treaties, the desire for a democratic rule of law, the intention to develop their relations based on mutual recognition and respect for state sovereignty, the parties agreed to the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR by an overwhelming majority: 188 votes for, 6 against, 7 abstentions. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and recalled all Russian deputies from the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The legality of this act is the subject of discussions because, according to the 1978 Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian SFSR, the Russian Supreme Soviet had no right to do so. However, by this time the Soviet government had been rendered more or less impotent, and was in no position to object. Although the December 12 vote is sometimes reckoned as the moment that the RSFSR seceded from the collapsing Soviet Union, this is not the case. It appears that the RSFSR took the line that it was not possible to secede from an entity that no longer existed.

Question: In what country is Viskuli located?
Answer: Belarus

Question: On what date was the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States signed?
Answer: December 8, 1991

Question: What is another name for the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States?
Answer: Belavezha Accords

Question: What body ratified the Belavezha Accords on December 12?
Answer: the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR

Question: The Belavezha Accords consisted of how many articles?
Answer: fourteen

Question: In what country is Viskuli not located?

Question: On what date was the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States rejected?

Question: What isn't another name for the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States?

Question: What body ratified the Belavezha Accords on December 21?

Question: What body rejected the Belavezha Accords on December 12?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

On December 24, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including permanent membership in the UN Security Council). Thus, Russia is considered to be an original member of the UN (since October 24, 1945) along with Ukraine (Ukrainian SSR) and Belarus (Byelorussian SSR). On December 25—just hours after Gorbachev resigned as president of the Soviet Union—the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation (Russia), reflecting that it was now a sovereign state with Yeltsin assuming the Presidency. The change was originally published on January 6, 1992 (Rossiyskaya Gazeta). According to law, during 1992, it was allowed to use the old name of the RSFSR for official business (forms, seals and stamps). The Russian Federation's Constitution (Fundamental Law) of 1978, though with the 1991–1992 Amendements, remained in effect until the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis.

Question: When did the Russian Federation assume the Soviet Union's membership in the UN?
Answer: December 24

Question: On what day did Gorbachev give up the presidency of the Soviet Union?
Answer: December 25

Question: What was the new name given to the Russian SFSR after the resignation of Gorbachev?
Answer: the Russian Federation

Question: Who was the first president of the Russian Federation?
Answer: Yeltsin

Question: In what periodical was the new sovereign status of the Russian Federation first published?
Answer: Rossiyskaya Gazeta

Question: When did the Russian Federation reject the Soviet Union's membership in the UN?

Question: On what day did Gorbachev keep the presidency of the Soviet Union?

Question: What was the new name given to the Russian SFSR after the killing of Gorbachev?

Question: Who wasn't the first president of the Russian Federation?

Question: In what periodical was the new sovereign status of the Russian Federation last published?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

The Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as "Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR" and the last by Boris Yeltsin as both head of government and head of state under the title "President".

Question: What was the government of the RSFSR called up to 1946?
Answer: the Council of People's Commissars

Question: What was the RSFSR government called starting in 1946?
Answer: Council of Ministers

Question: When the Soviet Union ended in 1991, what was the RSFSR government called?
Answer: Council of Ministers–Government

Question: Who led the first government of the RSFSR?
Answer: Vladimir Lenin

Question: Who led the final government of the RSFSR?
Answer: Boris Yeltsin

Question: What was the government of the RSFSR called up to 1964?

Question: What was the RSFSR government called starting in 1964?

Question: When the Soviet Union started in 1991, what was the RSFSR government called?

Question: Who rejected the first government of the RSFSR?

Question: Who rejected the final government of the RSFSR?
Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

The Russian SFSR was controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, until the abortive 1991 August coup, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

Question: What political organization controlled the RSFSR up to 1991?
Answer: the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Question: What event prompted the end to the control of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the RSFSR?
Answer: the abortive 1991 August coup

Question: Who suspended the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic?
Answer: Yeltsin

Question: What political organization controlled the RSFSR up to 1919?

Question: What political organization didn't control the RSFSR up to 1991?

Question: What event prompted the start of the control of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the RSFSR?

Question: Who didn't suspend the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic?

Question: Who suspended the Socialist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic?
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born[N 3] scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone.

Question: What is Bell most famous for inventing?
Answer: telephone

Question: What year did Bell die?
Answer: 1922

Question: What was special about his telephone?
Answer: practical

Question: What is Bell's full name?
Answer: Alexander Graham Bell

Question: What is Bell famous for inventing?
Answer: telephone
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.[N 4] Bell considered his most famous invention an intrusion on his real work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in his study.[N 5]

Question: What were his relatives known for working on?
Answer: elocution and speech

Question: What was interesting about his mother and wife?
Answer: deaf

Question: What year did Bell get the patent for his telephone?
Answer: 1876

Question: In what country did Bell patent his telephone?
Answer: U.S.

Question: What did Bell never put in his study?
Answer: telephone
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Many other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second president from January 7, 1898 until 1903.

Question: How many people started the National Geographic Society?
Answer: 33

Question: Bell was the second president of what magazine?
Answer: National Geographic Society

Question: What field did Bell later work in, apart from optical telecommunications and aeronautics?
Answer: hydrofoils

Question: What year did Bell become President of the National Geographic magazine?
Answer: 1898
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Alexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of whom would die of tuberculosis. His father was Professor Alexander Melville Bell, a phonetician, and his mother was Eliza Grace (née Symonds). Born as just "Alexander Bell", at age 10 he made a plea to his father to have a middle name like his two brothers.[N 6] For his 11th birthday, his father acquiesced and allowed him to adopt the name "Graham", chosen out of respect for Alexander Graham, a Canadian being treated by his father who had become a family friend. To close relatives and friends he remained "Aleck".

Question: What city was Bell born in?
Answer: Edinburgh

Question: What material marks Bells family  home as his birthplace?
Answer: stone

Question: What disease did his two brothers die of?
Answer: tuberculosis

Question: At what age did Bell ask for a middle name?
Answer: 10

Question: What did those close to him call Bell?
Answer: Aleck
Alexander_Graham_Bell

As a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what needed to be done at the mill. He was told wheat had to be dehusked through a laborious process and at the age of 12, Bell built a homemade device that combined rotating paddles with sets of nail brushes, creating a simple dehusking machine that was put into operation and used steadily for a number of years. In return, John Herdman gave both boys the run of a small workshop in which to "invent".

Question: What sort of things did Bell collect as a child?
Answer: botanical specimens

Question: Who was Bell's closest friend as a child?
Answer: Ben Herdman

Question: What sort of mill did Bell's neighbors run?
Answer: flour

Question: Bell's dehusking machine combined what with nail brushes?
Answer: rotating paddles

Question: What was Bell's reward for his dehusking machine?
Answer: small workshop
Alexander_Graham_Bell

From his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and "voice tricks" akin to ventriloquism that continually entertained family guests during their occasional visits. Bell was also deeply affected by his mother's gradual deafness, (she began to lose her hearing when he was 12) and learned a manual finger language so he could sit at her side and tap out silently the conversations swirling around the family parlour. He also developed a technique of speaking in clear, modulated tones directly into his mother's forehead wherein she would hear him with reasonable clarity. Bell's preoccupation with his mother's deafness led him to study acoustics.

Question: Bell was gifted at art, poetry, and what?
Answer: music

Question: What did Bell succeed at without being taught?
Answer: piano

Question: How old was Bell when his mom started to go deaf?
Answer: 12

Question: What part of his mom's head would Bell talk into?
Answer: forehead

Question: What did Bell research because of his mom's deafness?
Answer: acoustics
Alexander_Graham_Bell

His family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially his The Standard Elocutionist (1860), which appeared in Edinburgh in 1868. The Standard Elocutionist appeared in 168 British editions and sold over a quarter of a million copies in the United States alone. In this treatise, his father explains his methods of how to instruct deaf-mutes (as they were then known) to articulate words and read other people's lip movements to decipher meaning. Bell's father taught him and his brothers not only to write Visible Speech but to identify any symbol and its accompanying sound. Bell became so proficient that he became a part of his father's public demonstrations and astounded audiences with his abilities. He could decipher Visible Speech representing virtually every language, including Latin, Scottish Gaelic, and even Sanskrit, accurately reciting written tracts without any prior knowledge of their pronunciation.

Question: Where did Bell's uncle live?
Answer: Dublin

Question: What was Bell's father most famous for publishing?
Answer: The Standard Elocutionist

Question: Bell learned to accurately read lips even without knowing what?
Answer: pronunciation

Question: The Standard Elocutionist was printed how many times?
Answer: 168
Alexander_Graham_Bell

As a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, marked by absenteeism and lacklustre grades. His main interest remained in the sciences, especially biology, while he treated other school subjects with indifference, to the dismay of his demanding father. Upon leaving school, Bell travelled to London to live with his grandfather, Alexander Bell. During the year he spent with his grandfather, a love of learning was born, with long hours spent in serious discussion and study. The elder Bell took great efforts to have his young pupil learn to speak clearly and with conviction, the attributes that his pupil would need to become a teacher himself. At age 16, Bell secured a position as a "pupil-teacher" of elocution and music, in Weston House Academy, at Elgin, Moray, Scotland. Although he was enrolled as a student in Latin and Greek, he instructed classes himself in return for board and £10 per session. The following year, he attended the University of Edinburgh; joining his older brother Melville who had enrolled there the previous year. In 1868, not long before he departed for Canada with his family, Bell completed his matriculation exams and was accepted for admission to the University of London.

Question: Who taught Bell when he was very young?
Answer: father

Question: What school did Bell leave at 15?
Answer: Royal High School

Question: What was Bell's favorite subject?
Answer: biology

Question: How old was Bell when he became a "pupil-teacher"?
Answer: 16
Alexander_Graham_Bell

His father encouraged Bell's interest in speech and, in 1863, took his sons to see a unique automaton, developed by Sir Charles Wheatstone based on the earlier work of Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen. The rudimentary "mechanical man" simulated a human voice. Bell was fascinated by the machine and after he obtained a copy of von Kempelen's book, published in German, and had laboriously translated it, he and his older brother Melville built their own automaton head. Their father, highly interested in their project, offered to pay for any supplies and spurred the boys on with the enticement of a "big prize" if they were successful. While his brother constructed the throat and larynx, Bell tackled the more difficult task of recreating a realistic skull. His efforts resulted in a remarkably lifelike head that could "speak", albeit only a few words. The boys would carefully adjust the "lips" and when a bellows forced air through the windpipe, a very recognizable "Mama" ensued, to the delight of neighbors who came to see the Bell invention.

Question: In what year did Bell's father take him to see an automaton?
Answer: 1863

Question: Who created the automaton Bell saw?
Answer: Sir Charles Wheatstone

Question: What did the automaton mimic?
Answer: human voice

Question: Bell built his own automaton with who?
Answer: Melville

Question: What part of the automaton did Bell create?
Answer: skull
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Intrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, "Trouve". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding "Ow ah oo ga ma ma". With little convincing, visitors believed his dog could articulate "How are you grandma?" More indicative of his playful nature, his experiments convinced onlookers that they saw a "talking dog". However, these initial forays into experimentation with sound led Bell to undertake his first serious work on the transmission of sound, using tuning forks to explore resonance.

Question: What living thing did Bell use in his research?
Answer: Skye Terrier

Question: What was Bell's pet's name?
Answer: Trouve

Question: What phrase did people believe Bell's dog could say?
Answer: How are you grandma?

Question: Bell investigated resonance using what?
Answer: tuning forks

Question: What did Bell  instruct his dog to do?
Answer: growl continuously
Alexander_Graham_Bell

At the age of 19, he wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in Germany, and also lent Bell a copy of Hermann von Helmholtz's work, The Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music.

Question: Who did Bell get to read his work?
Answer: Alexander Ellis

Question: What country was doing work similar to Bell's?
Answer: Germany

Question: Who wrote The Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music?
Answer: Hermann von Helmholtz

Question: How old was Bell when he wrote his paper?
Answer: 19

Question: What fictional character is based on Alexander Ellis?
Answer: Professor Henry Higgins