Divyanshu67/squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Military_history_of_the_United_States

Ongoing political tensions between Great Britain and the thirteen colonies reached a crisis in 1774 when the British placed the province of Massachusetts under martial law after the Patriots protested taxes they regarded as a violation of their constitutional rights as Englishmen. When shooting began at Lexington and Concord in April 1775, militia units from across New England rushed to Boston and bottled up the British in the city. The Continental Congress appointed George Washington as commander-in-chief of the newly created Continental Army, which was augmented throughout the war by colonial militia. He drove the British out of Boston but in late summer 1776 they returned to New York and nearly captured Washington's army. Meanwhile, the revolutionaries expelled British officials from the 13 states, and declared themselves an independent nation on July 4, 1776.

Question: When did Britain declare martial law in a North American colony?
Answer: 1774

Question: What colony was placed under martial law?
Answer: Massachusetts

Question: What were the first conflicts of the American Revolution?
Answer: Lexington and Concord

Question: Who appointed Washington to serve as commander in chief?
Answer: The Continental Congress

Question: When did the colonies declare independence?
Answer: July 4, 1776

Question: When did Britain declare martial law in a South American colony?

Question: What colony wasn't placed under martial law?

Question:  What were the second conflicts of the American Revolution?

Question:  Who rejected Washington to serve as commander in chief?

Question:  When did the colonies declare dependence?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

Following the American Revolutionary War, the United States faced potential military conflict on the high seas as well as on the western frontier. The United States was a minor military power during this time, having only a modest army, Marine corps, and navy. A traditional distrust of standing armies, combined with faith in the abilities of local militia, precluded the development of well-trained units and a professional officer corps. Jeffersonian leaders preferred a small army and navy, fearing that a large military establishment would involve the United States in excessive foreign wars, and potentially allow a domestic tyrant to seize power.

Question: What quality made the US only a minor military power after the Revolutionary War?
Answer: having only a modest army

Question: Why was the US military so small initially?
Answer: A traditional distrust of standing armies

Question: The founding fathers had faith in what military groups?
Answer: local militia

Question: What did early American leaders worry a large standing army would involve America in?
Answer: foreign wars

Question: Early leaders also feared a large army would allow what internal conflict to take place?
Answer: a domestic tyrant to seize power

Question: What quality made the US a major military power after the Revolutionary War?

Question:  Why was the US military so large initially?

Question:  The founding fathers had no faith in what military groups?

Question:  What did early American leaders worry a large standing army would involve Africa in?

Question:  Early leaders also feared a small army would allow what internal conflict to take place?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

After the Civil War, population expansion, railroad construction, and the disappearance of the buffalo herds heightened military tensions on the Great Plains. Several tribes, especially the Sioux and Comanche, fiercely resisted confinement to reservations. The main role of the Army was to keep indigenous peoples on reservations and to end their wars against settlers and each other, William Tecumseh Sherman and Philip Sheridan were in charge. A famous victory for the Plains Nations was the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, when Col. George Armstrong Custer and two hundred plus members of the 7th Cavalry were killed by a force consisting of Native Americans from the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho nations. The last significant conflict came in 1891.

Question: What two tribes particularly resisted being confined to reservations?
Answer: the Sioux and Comanche

Question: What caused a spike in difficulties between settlers and indigenous peoples on the western plains after the Civil War?
Answer: population expansion, railroad construction, and the disappearance of the buffalo herds

Question: Who were two of the military leaders tasked with overseeing American policy of putting Indians on reservations?
Answer: William Tecumseh Sherman and Philip Sheridan

Question: When was the Battle of Little Big Horn fought?
Answer: 1876

Question: What US officer led the troops who were destroyed at Little Big Horn?
Answer: Col. George Armstrong Custer

Question: What two tribes particularly resisted being not confined to reservations?

Question: What caused a spike in difficulties between settlers and indigenous peoples on the eastern plains after the Civil War?

Question:  Who were two of the military leaders tasked with overseeing African policy of putting Indians on reservations?

Question:  When was the Battle of Big Little Horn fought?

Question: hat US officer led the troops who were destroyed at Big Little Horn?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

Rear Admiral Bradley A. Fiske was at the vanguard of new technology in naval guns and gunnery, thanks to his innovations in fire control 1890–1910. He immediately grasped the potential for air power, and called for the development of a torpedo plane. Fiske, as aide for operations in 1913–15 to Assistant Secretary Franklin D. Roosevelt, proposed a radical reorganization of the Navy to make it a war-fighting instrument. Fiske wanted to centralize authority in a chief of naval operations and an expert staff that would develop new strategies, oversee the construction of a larger fleet, coordinate war planning including force structure, mobilization plans, and industrial base, and ensure that the US Navy possessed the best possible war machines. Eventually, the Navy adopted his reforms and by 1915 started to reorganize for possible involvement in the World War then underway.

Question: What naval officer developed new doctrines for gunnery at the turn of the 20th Century?
Answer: Rear Admiral Bradley A. Fiske

Question: What aircraft did Fiske call for the development of?
Answer: torpedo plane

Question: What assistant naval secretary did Fiske serve under?
Answer: Franklin D. Roosevelt

Question: When did Fiske propose his reforms to the way the Navy operated?
Answer: 1913–15

Question: What naval officer developed old doctrines for gunnery at the turn of the 21st Century?

Question:  What aircraft did Fiske call for the dissolvement of?

Question:  What assistant naval secretary did Fiske serve over?

Question:  When did Fiske propose his reforms to the way the Army operated?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or "doughboys" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offensives. The German Navy and home front then revolted and a new German government signed a conditional surrender, the Armistice, ending the war against the western front on November 11, 1918.

Question: What was the name given to American soldiers in Europe in 1918?
Answer: doughboys

Question: What was the official name of the American army that went to fight in Europe in 1918?
Answer: American Expeditionary Forces

Question: Who had overall command of the American forces in Europe?
Answer: John J. Pershing

Question: When did fighting on the western front end?
Answer: November 11, 1918

Question: What was the name of the conditional surrender that ended fighting on the western front?
Answer: the Armistice

Question: What was the name given to African soldiers in Europe in 1918?

Question: What was the official name of the American army that went to fight in Asia in 1918?

Question:  Who had overall command of the African forces in Europe?

Question:  When did fighting on the eastern front end?

Question:  What was the name of the conditional surrender that ended fighting on the eastern front?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

Starting in 1940 (18 months before Pearl Harbor), the nation mobilized, giving high priority to air power. American involvement in World War II in 1940–41 was limited to providing war material and financial support to Britain, the Soviet Union, and the Republic of China. The U.S. entered officially on 8 December 1941 following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japanese forces soon seized American, Dutch, and British possessions across the Pacific and Southeast Asia, except for Australia, which became a main American forward base along with Hawaii.

Question: What was the American priority in mobilization prior to entering World War II?
Answer: air power

Question: When did the US officially enter World War II?
Answer: 8 December 1941

Question: What event led to America entering the war?
Answer: the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

Question: At the start of the conflict with the Allies, what did Japan do?
Answer: seized American, Dutch, and British possessions across the Pacific and Southeast Asia

Question: What country served as an American forward base to wage war with Japan?
Answer: Australia

Question: What was the American priority in mobilization prior to entering World War I?

Question:  When did the US officially enter World War I?

Question:  What event led to Africa entering the war?

Question:  At the start of the conflict with the Allies, what did England do?

Question:  What country served as an African forward base to wage war with Japan?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

The Vietnam War was a war fought between 1959 and 1975 on the ground in South Vietnam and bordering areas of Cambodia and Laos (see Secret War) and in the strategic bombing (see Operation Rolling Thunder) of North Vietnam. American advisors came in the late 1950s to help the RVN (Republic of Vietnam) combat Communist insurgents known as "Viet Cong." Major American military involvement began in 1964, after Congress provided President Lyndon B. Johnson with blanket approval for presidential use of force in the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.

Question: When was the Vietnam War fought?
Answer: between 1959 and 1975

Question: Besides Vietnam, what other countries saw fighting in this war?
Answer: Cambodia and Laos

Question: What was the name of the strategic bombing of North Vietnam?
Answer: Operation Rolling Thunder

Question: When did American military involvement ramp up in Vietnam?
Answer: 1964

Question: What congressional declaration gave President Johnson authority to send troops to Vietnam?
Answer: the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Question:  When was the Chinese War fought?

Question:  Besides China, what other countries saw fighting in this war?

Question:  What was the name of the bombing of South Korea?

Question:  When did American military involvement ramp up in China?

Question:  What congressional declaration gave President Johnson authority to send troops to China?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

Before the war, many observers believed the US and its allies could win but might suffer substantial casualties (certainly more than any conflict since Vietnam), and that the tank battles across the harsh desert might rival those of North Africa during World War II. After nearly 50 years of proxy wars, and constant fears of another war in Europe between NATO and the Warsaw Pact, some thought the Persian Gulf War might finally answer the question of which military philosophy would have reigned supreme. Iraqi forces were battle-hardened after 8 years of war with Iran, and they were well equipped with late model Soviet tanks and jet fighters, but the antiaircraft weapons were crippled; in comparison, the US had no large-scale combat experience since its withdrawal from Vietnam nearly 20 years earlier, and major changes in US doctrine, equipment and technology since then had never been tested under fire.

Question: Some observers thought that the Persian Gulf War would have tank battles similar to what war?
Answer: North Africa during World War II

Question: What conflict was supposed to have provided Iraqi forces with battle experience?
Answer: 8 years of war with Iran

Question: What equipment did the Iraqi army possess?
Answer: late model Soviet tanks and jet fighters

Question: Prior to the Persian Gulf War, where and when was the last major American military conflict?
Answer: Vietnam nearly 20 years earlier

Question: What problem did the Iraqi forces have?
Answer: the antiaircraft weapons were crippled

Question: ome observers thought that the Chinese Gulf War would have tank battles similar to what war?

Question: What conflict was supposed to have provided Iranian forces with battle experience?

Question:  What equipment did the Iranian army possess?

Question: Prior to the Persian Gulf War, where and when was the last major African military conflict?

Question:  What problem did the Iranian forces have?
Military_history_of_the_United_States

With the emergence of ISIL and its capture of large areas of Iraq and Syria, a number of crises resulted that sparked international attention. ISIL had perpetrated sectarian killings and war crimes in both Iraq and Syria. Gains made in the Iraq war were rolled back as Iraqi army units abandoned their posts. Cities were taken over by the terrorist group which enforced its brand of Sharia law. The kidnapping and decapitation of numerous Western journalists and aid-workers also garnered interest and outrage among Western powers. The US intervened with airstrikes in Iraq over ISIL held territories and assets in August, and in September a coalition of US and Middle Eastern powers initiated a bombing campaign in Syria aimed at degrading and destroying ISIL and Al-Nusra-held territory.

Question: What organization captured significant segments of Iraq and Syria?
Answer: ISIL

Question: What legal ethos does ISIL operate under?
Answer: Sharia law

Question: What actions did ISIL take against Western journalists and aid workers?
Answer: kidnapping and decapitation

Question: How did the US intervene against ISIL?
Answer: airstrikes in Iraq over ISIL held territories

Question: What was the goal of US and coalition airstrikes in Syria?
Answer: degrading and destroying ISIL and Al-Nusra-held territory

Question:  What organization captured significant segments of Iran and Syria?

Question:  What illegal ethos does ISIL operate under?

Question: What actions did ISIL take against Eastern journalists and aid workers?

Question:  How did the UK intervene against ISIL?

Question:  What was the goal of UK and coalition airstrikes in Syria?
Hard_rock

Groups that emerged from the American psychedelic scene about the same time included Iron Butterfly, MC5, Blue Cheer and Vanilla Fudge. San Francisco band Blue Cheer released a crude and distorted cover of Eddie Cochran's classic "Summertime Blues", from their 1968 debut album Vincebus Eruptum, that outlined much of the later hard rock and heavy metal sound. The same month, Steppenwolf released its self-titled debut album, including "Born to Be Wild", which contained the first lyrical reference to heavy metal and helped popularise the style when it was used in the film Easy Rider (1969). Iron Butterfly's In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida (1968), with its 17-minute-long title track, using organs and with a lengthy drum solo, also prefigured later elements of the sound.

Question: Where was the band Blue Cheer from?
Answer: San Francisco

Question: What classic song did Blue Cheer cover?
Answer: "Summertime Blues"

Question: What was the hit off Steppenwolf's self-titled debut lp?
Answer: "Born to Be Wild"

Question: What movie featured that Steppenwolf single?
Answer: Easy Rider

Question: The lyrics to "Born To Be Wild" contain the first reference to what hard rock style?
Answer: heavy metal

Question: What Blue Cheer classic was duplicated by Eddie Cochran?

Question: What song was not included in the 1968 debut album Vincebus Eruptum?

Question: What LA based band released a distorted cover of Summertime Blues?

Question: When did Vanilla Fudge release Born to be Wild?

Question: What song was used in the film Easy Rider in 1965?
Hard_rock

From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.

Question: The band Rush is what nationality?
Answer: Canadian

Question: What are the first three Rush albums?
Answer: Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel

Question: What nationality was Thin Lizzy?
Answer: Irish

Question: What was Thin Lizzy's hit single?
Answer: "The Boys Are Back in Town"

Question: The Scorpions hailed from what country?
Answer: Germany

Question: What British band released the album Rush in 1974?

Question: What sound did the band Rush move toward in the 1976 album Caress of Steel?

Question: When did the American band Lizzy moved to Ireland?

Question: Which song by Lizzy reached number 8 on the US charts in 1976?

Question: Who did Iron Maiden work with to re-introduce blues into hard rock music?
Hard_rock

Bon Jovi's third album, Slippery When Wet (1986), mixed hard rock with a pop sensitivity and spent a total of 8 weeks at the top of the Billboard 200 album chart, selling 12 million copies in the US while becoming the first hard rock album to spawn three top 10 singles — two of which reached number one. The album has been credited with widening the audiences for the genre, particularly by appealing to women as well as the traditional male dominated audience, and opening the door to MTV and commercial success for other bands at the end of the decade. The anthemic The Final Countdown (1986) by Swedish group Europe was an international hit, reaching number eight on the US charts while hitting the top 10 in nine other countries. This era also saw more glam-infused American hard rock bands come to the forefront, with both Poison and Cinderella releasing their multi-platinum début albums in 1986. Van Halen released 5150 (1986), their first album with Sammy Hagar on lead vocals, which was number one in the US for three weeks and sold over 6 million copies. By the second half of the decade, hard rock had become the most reliable form of commercial popular music in the United States.

Question: What is the title of Bon Jovi's third lp?
Answer: Slippery When Wet

Question: How many copies did this record sell?
Answer: 12 million

Question: What was the band Europe's international hit?
Answer: The Final Countdown

Question: What was Van Halen's 1986 album called?
Answer: 5150

Question: Who was the new lead singer for Van Halen on 5150?
Answer: Sammy Hagar

Question: What was Bon Jovi's second album?

Question: Which Bon Jovi album spent 10 weeks on top of the Billboard 200 charts?

Question: What group from England released The Final Countdown in 1986?

Question: What album by Europe reached number nine in ten countries besides the US?

Question: Which album did Van Halen release in 1986 which was the second album to feature Sammy Hagar as lead vocal singer?
Hard_rock

Some established acts continued to enjoy commercial success, such as Aerosmith, with their number one multi-platinum albums: Get a Grip (1993), which produced four Top 40 singles and became the band's best-selling album worldwide (going on to sell over 10 million copies), and Nine Lives (1997). In 1998, Aerosmith released the number one hit "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing", which remains the only single by a hard rock band to debut at number one. AC/DC produced the double platinum Ballbreaker (1995). Bon Jovi appealed to their hard rock audience with songs such as "Keep the Faith" (1992), but also achieved success in adult contemporary radio, with the Top 10 ballads "Bed of Roses" (1993) and "Always" (1994). Bon Jovi's 1995 album These Days was a bigger hit in Europe than it was in the United States, spawning four Top 10 singles on the UK Singles Chart. Metallica's Load (1996) and ReLoad (1997) each sold in excess of 4 million copies in the US and saw the band develop a more melodic and blues rock sound. As the initial impetus of grunge bands faltered in the middle years of the decade, post-grunge bands emerged. They emulated the attitudes and music of grunge, particularly thick, distorted guitars, but with a more radio-friendly commercially oriented sound that drew more directly on traditional hard rock. Among the most successful acts were the Foo Fighters, Candlebox, Live, Collective Soul, Australia's Silverchair and England's Bush, who all cemented post-grunge as one of the most commercially viable subgenres by the late 1990s. Similarly, some post-Britpop bands that followed in the wake of Oasis, including Feeder and Stereophonics, adopted a hard rock or "pop-metal" sound.

Question: What Aerosmith ballad debuted at number one on the charts?
Answer: "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing"

Question: What was the title of AC/DC's 1995 double lp?
Answer: Ballbreaker

Question: Bon Jovi's 1995 album was called what?
Answer: These Days

Question: What commercially successful sub-genre emerged from the grunge movement?
Answer: post-grunge

Question: When did Aerosmith's album Get A Grip come out?
Answer: 1993

Question: What Aerosmith album did not succeed in 1993?

Question: When did AC/DC release their number one hit I don't Want to Miss a Thing?

Question: What AC/DC album in 1995 became a muti-platinum seller?

Question: Which Bon Jovi 1995 album was a bigger hit in the US than in Europe?

Question: Who emulated the attitudes of punk bands?
Hard_rock

Hard rock developed into a major form of popular music in the 1970s, with bands such as Led Zeppelin, The Who, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC and Van Halen. During the 1980s, some hard rock bands moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock, while others began to return to a hard rock sound. Established bands made a comeback in the mid-1980s and it reached a commercial peak in the 1980s, with glam metal bands like Bon Jovi and Def Leppard and the rawer sounds of Guns N' Roses, which followed up with great success in the later part of that decade. Hard rock began losing popularity with the commercial success of grunge and later Britpop in the 1990s.

Question: What are two examples of glam metal bands?
Answer: Bon Jovi and Def Leppard

Question: What two genres cut into hard rock's popularity at the end of the 1980s and early 1990s?
Answer: grunge and later Britpop

Question: What were some hard rock bands of the 1970s?
Answer: Led Zeppelin, The Who, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC and Van Halen

Question: What style did some hard rock bands embrace in the 1980s?
Answer: pop rock

Question: When did soft rock become a major form of popular music?

Question: Which band became popular in the 1960s?

Question: When did some bands move from pop rock to hard rock?

Question: What band made a come back in the mid-1990s?

Question: When did hard rock replace grunge and Britpop?
Hard_rock

The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).

Question: What genre laid the roots for hard rock?
Answer: electric blues

Question: Who recorded "Rumble"?
Answer: Link Wray

Question: When was "Rumble" released?
Answer: 1958

Question: What were two of Dick Dale's better known songs?
Answer: "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962)

Question: What city's blues style produced hard rock precursors in electric blues?
Answer: Memphis

Question: What type of music known as the roots of hard rock was started in the 1940s?

Question: What is a key element that hard rock used to lay roots for electric blues music?

Question: What did the electric blues guitarists avoid using from the hard rock genre?

Question: Who was the Memphis hard rock guitarist known for using power chords?

Question: Who wrote "Misirlou" in 1961?
Hard_rock

In the early 1970s the Rolling Stones developed their hard rock sound with Exile on Main St. (1972). Initially receiving mixed reviews, according to critic Steve Erlewine it is now "generally regarded as the Rolling Stones' finest album". They continued to pursue the riff-heavy sound on albums including It's Only Rock 'n' Roll (1974) and Black and Blue (1976). Led Zeppelin began to mix elements of world and folk music into their hard rock from Led Zeppelin III (1970) and Led Zeppelin IV (1971). The latter included the track "Stairway to Heaven", which would become the most played song in the history of album-oriented radio. Deep Purple continued to define hard rock, particularly with their album Machine Head (1972), which included the tracks "Highway Star" and "Smoke on the Water". In 1975 guitarist Ritchie Blackmore left, going on to form Rainbow and after the break-up of the band the next year, vocalist David Coverdale formed Whitesnake. 1970 saw The Who release Live at Leeds, often seen as the archetypal hard rock live album, and the following year they released their highly acclaimed album Who's Next, which mixed heavy rock with extensive use of synthesizers. Subsequent albums, including Quadrophenia (1973), built on this sound before Who Are You (1978), their last album before the death of pioneering rock drummer Keith Moon later that year.

Question: What was the landmark hard rock album recorded by the Rolling Stones in 1972?
Answer: Exile on Main St.

Question: Which Led Zeppelin album featured the hit "Stairway to Heaven"?
Answer: Led Zeppelin IV

Question: What two hard rock songs are featured on Deep Purple's Machine Head album?
Answer: "Highway Star" and "Smoke on the Water"

Question: Who was Deep Purple's guitarist?
Answer: Ritchie Blackmore

Question: Who was the drummer for The Who?
Answer: Keith Moon

Question: What Rolling Stones album got rave reviews in 1972?

Question: Who said of the album Exile on Main St.; it was not the Rolling Stones finest album?

Question: What year did Led Zeppelin move to folk music to get away from hard rock?

Question: What year was the song Stairway to Heaven by Deep Purple produced?

Question: When did David Coverdale form the band Rainbow?
Hard_rock

The opening years of the 1980s saw a number of changes in personnel and direction of established hard rock acts, including the deaths of Bon Scott, the lead singer of AC/DC, and John Bonham, drummer with Led Zeppelin. Whereas Zeppelin broke up almost immediately afterwards, AC/DC pressed on, recording the album Back in Black (1980) with their new lead singer, Brian Johnson. It became the fifth-highest-selling album of all time in the US and the second-highest-selling album in the world. Black Sabbath had split with original singer Ozzy Osbourne in 1979 and replaced him with Ronnie James Dio, formerly of Rainbow, giving the band a new sound and a period of creativity and popularity beginning with Heaven and Hell (1980). Osbourne embarked on a solo career with Blizzard of Ozz (1980), featuring American guitarist Randy Rhoads. Some bands, such as Queen, moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock, while others, including Rush with Moving Pictures (1981), began to return to a hard rock sound. The creation of thrash metal, which mixed heavy metal with elements of hardcore punk from about 1982, particularly by Metallica, Anthrax, Megadeth and Slayer, helped to create extreme metal and further remove the style from hard rock, although a number of these bands or their members would continue to record some songs closer to a hard rock sound. Kiss moved away from their hard rock roots toward pop metal: firstly removing their makeup in 1983 for their Lick It Up album, and then adopting the visual and sound of glam metal for their 1984 release, Animalize, both of which marked a return to commercial success. Pat Benatar was one of the first women to achieve commercial success in hard rock, with three successive Top 5 albums between 1980 and 1982.

Question: Who was the original lead singer of AC/DC who died?
Answer: Bon Scott

Question: Who was the Led Zeppelin drummer who passed away?
Answer: John Bonham

Question: What singer replaced Ozzy Osbourne in Black Sabbath?
Answer: Ronnie James Dio

Question: What was Ozzy Osbourne's first solo album?
Answer: Blizzard of Ozz

Question: What are some thrash metal bands?
Answer: Metallica, Anthrax, Megadeth and Slayer

Question: When was Bon Scott born?

Question: What band was lead singer John Bonham from?

Question: Who quit the band Led Zeppelin to move to another band?

Question: What AC/DC album became the fifth highest selling album in the US?

Question: What solo album did Randy Rhoads release in 1980?
Hard_rock

Hard rock entered the 1990s as one of the dominant forms of commercial music. The multi-platinum releases of AC/DC's The Razors Edge (1990), Guns N' Roses' Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II (both in 1991), Ozzy Osbourne's No More Tears (1991), and Van Halen's For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge (1991) showcased this popularity. Additionally, The Black Crowes released their debut album, Shake Your Money Maker (1990), which contained a bluesy classic rock sound and sold five million copies. In 1992, Def Leppard followed up 1987's Hysteria with Adrenalize, which went multi-platinum, spawned four Top 40 singles and held the number one spot on the US album chart for five weeks.

Question: Guns N Roses released both Use Your Illusion albums in what year?
Answer: 1991

Question: What band's debut was titled Shake Your Money Maker?
Answer: The Black Crowes

Question: What was the title of Def Leppard's 1992 album?
Answer: Adrenalize

Question: Adrenalize followed what 1987 Def Leppard record?
Answer: Hysteria

Question: Adrenalize topped US album charts for how long?
Answer: five weeks

Question: In which decade did hard rock see a decline of dominance in commercial music?

Question: What year did Ozzy Osbourne release Unlawful Carnal Knowledge?

Question: What was The Black Crowes second album?

Question: Which Def Leppard 1987 album held the number one spot in the British charts for five weeks?

Question: Which 1990 Def Leppard album sold five million copies in 1990?
Hard_rock

The term "retro-metal" has been applied to such bands as Texas based The Sword, California's High on Fire, Sweden's Witchcraft and Australia's Wolfmother. Wolfmother's self-titled 2005 debut album combined elements of the sounds of Deep Purple and Led Zeppelin. Fellow Australians Airbourne's début album Runnin' Wild (2007) followed in the hard riffing tradition of AC/DC. England's The Darkness' Permission to Land (2003), described as an "eerily realistic simulation of '80s metal and '70s glam", topped the UK charts, going quintuple platinum. The follow-up, One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back (2005), reached number 11, before the band broke up in 2006. Los Angeles band Steel Panther managed to gain a following by sending up 80s glam metal. A more serious attempt to revive glam metal was made by bands of the sleaze metal movement in Sweden, including Vains of Jenna, Hardcore Superstar and Crashdïet.

Question: When did the band The Darkness break up?
Answer: 2006

Question: The Sword, High on Fire, Witchcraft and Wolfmother are all examples of what hard rock sub-genre?
Answer: retro-metal

Question: What is the title of Airbourne's debut lp?
Answer: Runnin' Wild

Question: Glam metal band Steel Panther is from what city?
Answer: Los Angeles

Question: What are some Swedish sleaze metal revivalist bands?
Answer: Vains of Jenna, Hardcore Superstar and Crashdïet

Question: What type of hard rock music is based in Texas and California?

Question: Which band that debut in 2005 sang songs written by Deep Purple and Led Zeppelin?

Question: What album did AC/DC produce in 2007 that displayed their hard riffing tradition?

Question: What album from 2003 was described as a simulation of 70s metal and 80s glam?

Question: What country was a serious attempt to revive punk rock attempted?
Hard_rock

In the 1960s, American and British blues and rock bands began to modify rock and roll by adding harder sounds, heavier guitar riffs, bombastic drumming, and louder vocals, from electric blues. Early forms of hard rock can be heard in the work of Chicago blues musicians Elmore James, Muddy Waters, and Howlin' Wolf, The Kingsmen's version of "Louie Louie" (1963) which made it a garage rock standard, and the songs of rhythm and blues influenced British Invasion acts, including "You Really Got Me" by The Kinks (1964), "My Generation" by The Who (1965), "Shapes of Things" (1966) by The Yardbirds and "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" (1965) by The Rolling Stones. From the late 1960s, it became common to divide mainstream rock music that emerged from psychedelia into soft and hard rock. Soft rock was often derived from folk rock, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody and harmonies. In contrast, hard rock was most often derived from blues rock and was played louder and with more intensity.

Question: Who were three Chicago blues players who influenced hard rock?
Answer: Elmore James, Muddy Waters, and Howlin' Wolf

Question: Who recorded "You Really Got Me"?
Answer: The Kinks

Question: "Shapes of Things" was a 1966 single by what band?
Answer: The Yardbirds

Question: What garage rock classic was recorded by The Kingsmen?
Answer: "Louie Louie"

Question: When did the Rolling Stones release "(I Can't Get No" Satisfaction"?
Answer: 1965

Question: When did rock bands began to modify rock by using softer sounds?

Question: When did Muddy Waters record the song Louie Louie?

Question: When did The Yardbirds record the song You Really Got Me?

Question: What song did The Kinks record in 1965?

Question: Who was a Chicago blues player who had very little influence on hard rock?
Hard_rock

Emerging British acts included Free, who released their signature song "All Right Now" (1970), which has received extensive radio airplay in both the UK and US. After the breakup of the band in 1973, vocalist Paul Rodgers joined supergroup Bad Company, whose eponymous first album (1974) was an international hit. The mixture of hard rock and progressive rock, evident in the works of Deep Purple, was pursued more directly by bands like Uriah Heep and Argent. Scottish band Nazareth released their self-titled début album in 1971, producing a blend of hard rock and pop that would culminate in their best selling, Hair of the Dog (1975), which contained the proto-power ballad "Love Hurts". Having enjoyed some national success in the early 1970s, Queen, after the release of Sheer Heart Attack (1974) and A Night at the Opera (1975), gained international recognition with a sound that used layered vocals and guitars and mixed hard rock with heavy metal, progressive rock, and even opera. The latter featured the single "Bohemian Rhapsody", which stayed at number one in the UK charts for nine weeks.

Question: When did Free break up?
Answer: 1973

Question: What band did Free lead singer Paul Rodgers help form?
Answer: Bad Company

Question: Bad Company's self titled debut album was released in what year?
Answer: 1974

Question: What nationality was the band Nazareth?
Answer: Scottish

Question: What was Queen's massive 1975 hit single called?
Answer: "Bohemian Rhapsody"

Question: What American act released the song All Right Now?

Question: Which 1970 song by the band Free received no radio airplay in the US?

Question: What 1974 album by Bad Company was an international flop?

Question: What American band released Nazareth in 1971?

Question: What band had the single Bohemian Rhapsody at number one on the US charts for nine weeks?
Hard_rock

Often categorised with the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, in 1981 Def Leppard released their second album High 'n' Dry, mixing glam-rock with heavy metal, and helping to define the sound of hard rock for the decade. The follow-up Pyromania (1983), reached number two on the American charts and the singles "Photograph", "Rock of Ages" and "Foolin'", helped by the emergence of MTV, all reached the Top 40. It was widely emulated, particularly by the emerging Californian glam metal scene. This was followed by US acts like Mötley Crüe, with their albums Too Fast for Love (1981) and Shout at the Devil (1983) and, as the style grew, the arrival of bands such as Ratt, White Lion, Twisted Sister and Quiet Riot. Quiet Riot's album Metal Health (1983) was the first glam metal album, and arguably the first heavy metal album of any kind, to reach number one in the Billboard music charts and helped open the doors for mainstream success by subsequent bands.

Question: What sub-genre of hard rock does Def Leppard belong to?
Answer: the New Wave of British Heavy Metal

Question: What was Def Leppard's second album called?
Answer: High 'n' Dry

Question: What were the three Top 40 singles from Def Leppard's Pyromania album?
Answer: "Photograph", "Rock of Ages" and "Foolin'"

Question: What band had the first glam metal album to hit number one on the Billboard charts?
Answer: Quiet Riot

Question: When did Motley Crue's album Shout At The Devil come out?
Answer: 1983

Question: Who is often categorized with the New Wave of American Heavy Metal?

Question: What is the first album released by Def Leppard?

Question: What Def Leppard album reached number two on the British music charts?

Question: When did the band Ratt release their Too Fast for Love album?

Question: What was the name of the 1983 Twisted Sister album that reached number one on the Billboard music charts?
Hard_rock

While these few hard rock bands managed to maintain success and popularity in the early part of the decade, alternative forms of hard rock achieved mainstream success in the form of grunge in the US and Britpop in the UK. This was particularly evident after the success of Nirvana's Nevermind (1991), which combined elements of hardcore punk and heavy metal into a "dirty" sound that made use of heavy guitar distortion, fuzz and feedback, along with darker lyrical themes than their "hair band" predecessors. Although most grunge bands had a sound that sharply contrasted mainstream hard rock, several, including Pearl Jam, Alice in Chains, Mother Love Bone and Soundgarden, were more strongly influenced by 1970s and 1980s rock and metal, while Stone Temple Pilots managed to turn alternative rock into a form of stadium rock. However, all grunge bands shunned the macho, anthemic and fashion-focused aesthetics particularly associated with glam metal. In the UK, Oasis were unusual among the Britpop bands of the mid-1990s in incorporating a hard rock sound.

Question: What was the title of Nirvana's 1991 album?
Answer: Nevermind

Question: What was the hard rock style that emerged in the early 1990s?
Answer: grunge

Question: What are some grunge bands with a strong 1970s influence?
Answer: Pearl Jam, Alice in Chains, Mother Love Bone and Soundgarden

Question: What 1990s hard rock band had a big stadium rock sound?
Answer: Stone Temple Pilots

Question: What element made Oasis unique among 1990s Britpop bands?
Answer: a hard rock sound

Question: Who had success with the soft rock song Nevermind in 1991?

Question: What form of music combined the clean sound of heavy guitar to produce feedback?

Question: What kind of bands were consistent with mainstream hard rock?

Question: What form of music did Stone Temple Pilots turn into mainstream hard rock?

Question: What aesthetics did all grunge bands embrace?
Hard_rock

Although Foo Fighters continued to be one of the most successful rock acts, with albums like In Your Honor (2005) reaching number two in the US and UK, many of the first wave of post-grunge bands began to fade in popularity. Acts like Creed, Staind, Puddle of Mudd and Nickelback took the genre into the 2000s with considerable commercial success, abandoning most of the angst and anger of the original movement for more conventional anthems, narratives and romantic songs. They were followed in this vein by new acts including Shinedown and Seether. Acts with more conventional hard rock sounds included Andrew W.K., Beautiful Creatures and Buckcherry, whose breakthrough album 15 (2006) went platinum and spawned the single "Sorry" (2007), which made the Top 10 of the Billboard 100. These were joined by bands with hard rock leanings that emerged in the mid-2000s from the garage rock or post punk revival, including Black Rebel Motorcycle Club and Kings of Leon, and Queens of the Stone Age from the US, Three Days Grace from Canada, Jet from Australia and The Datsuns from New Zealand. In 2009 Them Crooked Vultures, a supergroup that brought together Foo Fighters' Dave Grohl, Queens of the Stone Age's Josh Homme and Led Zeppelin bass player John Paul Jones attracted attention as a live act and released a self-titled debut album that reached the top 20 in the US and UK and the top ten in several other countries.

Question: When did the Foo Fighters album In Your Honor come out?
Answer: 2005

Question: Three Days Grace is from what country?
Answer: Canada

Question: The band Jet is from what country?
Answer: Australia

Question: What supergroup featured members of Foo Fighters, Queens of the Stone Age and Led Zeppelin?
Answer: Them Crooked Vultures

Question: What was the title of Buckcherry's 2007 hit single?
Answer: "Sorry"

Question: What 2005 Foo Fighters album reached number one in both the US and UK?

Question: What year did post-grunge bands began to become popular?

Question: What band had considerable commercial success by producing angst and anger?

Question: What Andrew W.K. album went platinum and spawned the single Sorry?

Question: What year did Them Crooked Vultures release a self-titled debut album featuring Jet?
Hard_rock

Hard rock is a form of loud, aggressive rock music. The electric guitar is often emphasised, used with distortion and other effects, both as a rhythm instrument using repetitive riffs with a varying degree of complexity, and as a solo lead instrument. Drumming characteristically focuses on driving rhythms, strong bass drum and a backbeat on snare, sometimes using cymbals for emphasis. The bass guitar works in conjunction with the drums, occasionally playing riffs, but usually providing a backing for the rhythm and lead guitars. Vocals are often growling, raspy, or involve screaming or wailing, sometimes in a high range, or even falsetto voice.

Question: What instrument is usually at the center of a hard rock sound?
Answer: The electric guitar

Question: Rhythm guitar in hard rock usually plays what?
Answer: repetitive riffs with a varying degree of complexity

Question: In hard rock, an electric guitar can also be used for what?
Answer: a solo lead instrument

Question: What carries the backbeat in hard rock drumming?
Answer: snare

Question: What instrument works in tandem with the drums to provide hard rock rhythms?
Answer: The bass guitar

Question: What instrument is often used in soft rock music?

Question: What is played to keep the music from becoming repetitive?

Question: Which bass drum is used to drive rhythms?

Question: What instrument is used without the drums for hard rock rhythms?

Question: What do the vocals of rock songs try to avoid?
Hard_rock

Blues rock acts that pioneered the sound included Cream, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, and The Jeff Beck Group. Cream, in songs like "I Feel Free" (1966) combined blues rock with pop and psychedelia, particularly in the riffs and guitar solos of Eric Clapton. Jimi Hendrix produced a form of blues-influenced psychedelic rock, which combined elements of jazz, blues and rock and roll. From 1967 Jeff Beck brought lead guitar to new heights of technical virtuosity and moved blues rock in the direction of heavy rock with his band, The Jeff Beck Group. Dave Davies of The Kinks, Keith Richards of The Rolling Stones, Pete Townshend of The Who, Hendrix, Clapton and Beck all pioneered the use of new guitar effects like phasing, feedback and distortion. The Beatles began producing songs in the new hard rock style beginning with the White Album in 1968 and, with the track "Helter Skelter", attempted to create a greater level of noise than the Who. Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic has described the "proto-metal roar" of "Helter Skelter," while Ian MacDonald argued that "their attempts at emulating the heavy style were without exception embarrassing."

Question: Who was the guitarist for the band Cream?
Answer: Eric Clapton

Question: Who was the guitarist in the Kinks?
Answer: Dave Davies

Question: Who played guitar in The Who?
Answer: Pete Townshend

Question: When did The White Album come out?
Answer: 1968

Question: Keith Richards is the guitarist of what band?
Answer: The Rolling Stones

Question: Who was a hard rock act that pioneered the blues sound?

Question: When did The Jeff Beck Group record I Feel Free?

Question: Which artist combined blues rock and psychedelia leaving out elements of jazz?

Question: Who produced a form of psychedelic-influenced blues?

Question: What artist avoided the use of distortion and pioneered new guitar effects?