Chapter 2

section_number: 4
section_name: Punishments.
explanation: IPCSection53
The punishments to which offenders are liable under the provisions of this Sanhita are:Death;Imprisonment for life, that is to say, imprisonment for remainder of a person’s natural life;Imprisonment, which is of two descriptions, namely:Rigorous, that is, with hard labour;Simple;Forfeiture of property;Fine;Community Service.


section_number: 5
section_name: Commutation of sentence.
explanation: The appropriate Government may, without the consent of the offender, commute any punishment under this Sanhita to any other punishment in accordance with section 474 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023.Explanations:For the purposes of this section the expression “appropriate Government” means,in cases where the sentence is a sentence of death or is for an offence against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the Union extends, the Central Government; andin cases where the sentence (whether of death or not) is for an offence against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the State extends, the Government of the State within which the offender is sentenced.


section_number: 6
section_name: Fractions of terms of punishment.
explanation: In calculating fractions of terms of punishment, imprisonment for life shall be reckoned as equivalent to imprisonment for twenty years unless otherwise provided.


section_number: 7
section_name: Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple.
explanation: In every case in which an offender is punishable with imprisonment which may be of either description, it shall be competent to the Court which sentences such offender to direct in the sentence that such imprisonment shall be wholly rigorous, or that such imprisonment shall be wholly simple, or that any part of such imprisonment shall be rigorous and the rest simple.


section_number: 8
section_name: Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc.
explanation: IPCSection63,64,65,66,67,68,69&70


section_number: 9
section_name: Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences.
explanation: Where anything which is an offence is made up of parts, any of which parts is itself an offence, the offender shall not be punished with the punishment of more than one of such his offences, unless it be so expressly provided.—Where anything is an offence falling within two or more separate definitions of any law in force for the time being by which offences are defined or punished; orWhere several acts, of which one or more than one would by itself or themselves constitute an offence, constitute, when combined, a different offence, the offender shall not be punished with a more severe punishment than the Court which tries him could award for any one of such offences.

section_number: 10
section_name: Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, the judgment stating that it is doubtful of which.
explanation: In all cases in which judgment is given that a person is guilty of one of several offences specified in the judgment, but that it is doubtful of which of these offences he is guilty, the offender shall be punished for the offence for which the lowest punishment is provided if the same punishment is not provided for all.


section_number: 11
section_name: Solitary confinement.
explanation: Whenever any person is convicted of an offence for which under this Sanhita the Court has power to sentence him to rigorous imprisonment, the Court may, by its sentence, order that the offender shall be kept in solitary confinement for any portion or portions of the imprisonment to which he is sentenced, not exceeding three months in the whole, according to the following scale, namely:a time not exceeding one month if the term of imprisonment shall not exceed six months;a time not exceeding two months if the term of imprisonment shall exceed six months and shall not exceed one year;a time not exceeding three months if the term of imprisonment shall exceed one year.


section_number: 12
section_name: Limit of solitary confinement.
explanation: In executing a sentence of solitary confinement, such confinement shall in no case exceed fourteen days at a time, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of not less duration than such periods; and when the imprisonment awarded shall exceed three months, the solitary confinement shall not exceed seven days in any one month of the whole imprisonment awarded, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of not less duration than such periods.


section_number: 13
section_name: Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction.
explanation: Whoever, having been convicted by a Court in India, of an offence punishable under Chapters X or ChapterXVIIof this Sanhita with imprisonment of either description for a term of three years or upwards, shall be guilty of any offence punishable under either of those Chapters with like imprisonment for the like term, shall be subject for every such subsequent offence to imprisonment for life, or to imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years.