DigitalUmuganda/NMT_Rwandan-Gazette_parallel_data_en_kin huggingface dataset:
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 7: ibindi bigenerwa division manager n’umujyanama w’umuyobozi mukuru wa rgb bari ku rwego rwa “2.iii”
English: Article 7: fringe benefits for a division manager and advisor to the chief executive officer of rgb on “2.iii” job level
Kinyarwanda: Polisi y’u rwanda ifata icyemezo cya ngombwa ku nyamaswa idafite uyicunga cyangwa isanze mu mwanya utarabigenewe
English: Rwanda national police takes a necessary decision with respect to a stray animal or an animal found in an inappropriate place, in
Kinyarwanda: 2° gusesengura mu buryo bwa gihanga ibimenyetso byakenerwa mu butabera;
English: 2° to conduct a scientific analysis of evidences for judicial purposes;
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 22: isenywa ry’ibiyobyabwenge n’indi miti ikoreshwa nka byo
English: Article 22: destruction des stupéfiants et des substances psychotropes
Kinyarwanda: 6º uruhare abanyagihugu bazabigiramo : amanota 5 kugeza ku 10 ( iyo bibaye ngombwa).
English: 6º participation of nationals: 5 to 10 points (where required).
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 215: ikusanya n’ibara ry’amajwi anyuzwa mu iposita
English: Article 215: collecting and counting postal votes
Kinyarwanda: Umuyobozi wanze kubahiriza ibyategetswe mu rubanza ashobora, bisabwe n’ umuburanyi ubifitemo inyungu, guhamagarwa mu rukiko rwafashe icyemezo, kugira ngo yisobanure ku mpamvu zamubujije kubyubahiriza.
English: An administrative authority that fails to execute a court judgement may, upon application by an interested party, be summoned to the court that issued the decision to justify reasons of the non- compliance.
Kinyarwanda: Umutwe w’abadepite, mu nama yawo yo ku wa 31
English: The chamber of deputies, in its session of 31
Kinyarwanda: Minisitiri, afatanyije n’izindi minisiteri n’ibindi bigo bya leta bireba, yorohereza, uko bishoboka, iyinjira ryihuse ry’agateganyo mu rwanda ry’inzobere hamwe n’indege zose, ibikoresho bikoreshwa ku ndege n’ibikoresho bikenewe mu gukora iperereza ku mpanuka y’indege cyangwa mu gushakisha indege y’ikindi gihugu yagize impanuka cyangwa  yabuze.
English: The minister, in collaboration with other ministries and relevant public institutions, without delay, facilitates as far as possible, the entry into rwanda on a temporary basis of experts and all aircraft, tools, spare parts and equipment required in the aircraft accident investigations or in search of an aircraft that had an accident or got lost.
Kinyarwanda: 2° “gutanga ibirango by’ubuziranenge”: guha umuntu icyemezo cyanditse, nyuma yo gukora isesengura n’isuzuma, kigaragaza ko ibintu n’uburyo ibyo bintu bikorwamo byujuje ibisabwa;
English: 2° “certification”: issue of a written statement based on analysis and testing, specifying that products, processes or systems have fulfilled specified requirements;
Kinyarwanda: 3° isuzuma ry’umwirondoro: uburyo butuma utanga serivisi zo kwishyurana abona uko asuzuma umwirondoro w’umukiriya ;
English: 3° authentication: a procedure that allows the psp to verify a customer’s identity;
Kinyarwanda: 5° kugena amafaranga agomba kwishyurwa mu kwiyandikisha ku rutonde rw’urugaga buri mwaka;
English: 5° to decide on the annual registration fee;
Kinyarwanda: Umuryango nyarwanda udaharanira inyungu new hope homes amategeko shingiro umutwe wa mbere izina, intebe, igihe n‟intego
English: Non profit local organisation new hope homes statutes section one: name, headquaters, period and objectives
Kinyarwanda: Inyandikomvugo z‟inama z‟inteko rusange, iz‟inama y‟ubuyobozi, n‟iz‟inama y‟ubugenzuzi n‟iz‟urwego rushinzwe gukemura amakimbirane zibikwa ku cyicaro cy‟impuzamiryango.
English: Minutes of meetings of the general assembly, executive committee,  the supervising council and those of the organs in charge with conflict resolution are kept at the headquarter of the umbrella.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 23: igenzura ry’isuku y’ibikomoka ku burobyi no ku bworozi bwo mu mazi
English: Article 23:  hygiene control of aquaculture and fishery products
Kinyarwanda: Icyiciro cya ii: kwita mu buryo bwihariye ku muguzi wa serivisi y’imari udasanzwe
English: Section ii: special treatment of special financial service consumer
Kinyarwanda: Umunyeshuri wo muri ilpd ni umuntu wese wemerewe n’iryo shuri gukurikirana inyigisho ritanga mu rwego rwa gahunda zisanzwe cyangwa zihariye.
English: A student of ildp shall be any person meeting its admission requirements for ordinary or special academic programs.
Kinyarwanda: 3° amezi atanu (5) y’umushahara ku mwarimu umaze nibura imyaka icumi (10) ariko ataruzuza imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) y’uburambe mu kazi;
English: 3° five (5 ) months salary for a teacher with at least ten (10) years but less than fifteen (15) years of experience;
Kinyarwanda: Umugenzuzi w’amakuru amenyesha nyir’ubwite mu nyandiko impamvu y’ayo makuru, impamvu ashakwa, akusanywa, atunganywa akanabikwa.
English: The data controller discloses in writing to the data subject the specific purpose for which any personal information is being requested, collected, processed or stored.
Kinyarwanda: Abapolisi bakora akazi kavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki bagenwa na komiseri mukuru wa polisi y‟igihugu , bakemezwa na minisitiri ufite polisi y‟igihugu  mu nshingano ze.
English: The police officers doing the jobs mentioned in the above paragraph are put in place by commissioner general of police, and are confirmed by the minister in charge of national police.
Kinyarwanda: A. kunoza no kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ufasha kwihaza mu biribwa;
English: A. modernising, intensifying and diversifying agriculture and livestock production in order to ensure food security;
Kinyarwanda: (e) imitunganyirize y’akazi;
English: (e) l'organisation du travail;
Kinyarwanda: Amafaranga atangwa ku mahugurwa y‘abakozi amafaranga atangwa ku bahanga mu mibare y‘ubwishingizi
English: Contribution to staff pension scheme
Kinyarwanda: 10º ibikoresho azakoresha mu bworozi bwo mu mazi.
English: 10º equipments to use in aquaculture.
Kinyarwanda: Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ubworozi n’ibikomoka ku matungo mu rwanda (rarda), kigomba kugenzura ku buryo nyabwo kandi buhoraho indwara z’ibyorezo. mu gihe bibaye ngombwa, ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ubworozi n’ibikomoka ku matungo mu rwanda (rarda),  gifata ibyemezo bikwiye mu buryo bwihuse kugira ngo gikumire ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo.
English: The rwanda animal ressources development authority (rarda) shall ensure permanent and continuous and active epidemic control. whenever necessary, the rwanda animal ressources development authority (rarda) shall take quick and necessary measures to curb the spreading of the epidemics.
Kinyarwanda: Uwatanze inyandiko nsobanurakirego cyangwa uwayigobotsemo ashobora, mu gihe hari ibyahindutse, gutanga ikirego gisaba umucamanza wafashe icyo cyemezo kugira ibyo ahindura cyangwa akura ku byo yari yemeje mbere, ariko bitabangamira uburenganzira bw’abandi ku byo bahawe n’icyo cyemezo.
English: The applicant or intervening party may, if circumstances have changed, file an application for modification or revocation of the order to the judge who issued it, provided the third party`s rights are secured.
Kinyarwanda: 2° gukurikirana uko umutungo utimukanwa w’ishuri ucungwa no kubitangaho inama;
English: 2° to monitor the management of the school property and provide  advice thereon;
Kinyarwanda: (b) gusobanura insanganyamatsiko nkuru mu buryo buri ku murongo;
English: (c) to divide a compound sentence;
Kinyarwanda: Icyiciro cya mbere: ishingwa ry’umutwe wa politiki organic law n° 10/2013/0l of 11/07/2013
English: Section one: establishment of a political organization loi organique n° 10/2013/0l du 11/07/2013  portant organisation des formations politiques et des politiciens
Kinyarwanda: 3° iyo bigaragaye ko abagize komite y’ubutaka bose batagishoboye kuzuza inshingano za komite y’ubutaka;
English: 3° if it is evident that all members of the land committee are no longer able to accomplish its responsibilities;
Kinyarwanda: 4° rushyira mu gaciro, nta marangamutima kandi nta kubogama;
English: 4º deal fairly, objectively and impartially;
Kinyarwanda: Umutwe wa v: ubugenzuzi bw’imari
English: Chapter v: financial management
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 29: aya mategeko ashobora guhindurwa byemejwe
English: Article 29: drafting of these statutes
Kinyarwanda: Ihereye ku iteka rya minisitiri n°03/08.11 ryo kuwa 4 gashyantare 2010 ryemera ihindurwa ry‟amategeko agenga umuryango “universite catholique de kabgayi” (uck);
English: Th , 2010 approving alterations made to the statutes of the association “universite catholique de kabgayi” (uck);
Kinyarwanda: 2° umukozi uhagarariye abakozi bo mu cyiciro cy’imirimo ya tekiniki utorwa na bagenzi be.
English: 2° a public servant from the category of support staff elected by his/her peers.
Kinyarwanda: Itariki ntarengwa yo gutanga raporo zivugwa mu article 19: reporting period
English: Th day of the article 19 : période de reportage
Kinyarwanda: Iyo bigenze bityo, ubwo bwumvikane bugomba kuba bwubahirije amategeko, byasuzumwe hashingiwe ku bisanzwe bisabwa mu gukorana ubucuruzi kandi bigasobanurwa bihagije ndetse bikemezwa n‟inama y‟ubuyobozi  cyangwa urundi ruhande rwigenga.
English: If transacted, such dealings should be in full compliance with the law, judged on normal business criteria basis and fully documented and duly authorized by the board of directors or any other independent party.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 10: uburyo bushingiye ku giciro cyo kugurisha icyaguzwe
English: Article 10: resale price method
Kinyarwanda: Ishami rishinzwe ingengo y‟imari muri minisiteri risuzuma ubusabe bw‟inzego ku bijyanye n‟ingengo y‟imari zikeneye, rigategura imyanzuro y‟isesengura ryakoze rukayishyikiriza minisitiri.
English: The national budget department of the ministry shall review the submitted budget requests and formulate recommendations and submit them to the minister.
Kinyarwanda: Umutwe wa ii: ubwoko bw‟inyamaswa zirinzwe
English: Chapter ii : protected animal species
Kinyarwanda: 4° kugira uruhare mu igenamigambi n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba zo gukumira indwara;
English: 4° to participate in activity planning and implementation of preventive measures;
Kinyarwanda: 1° umurimo wakozwe n’umugenzuzi w’imari;
English: 1° the work done by the auditor;
Kinyarwanda: 3° ataye cyangwa yangije igikoresho cy’akazi gifite agaciro kangana cyangwa kari munsi y’amafaranga y’u rwanda ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 frw) iyo hagaragaye ibimenyetso by’uko yagize uburangare.
English: 3° loses or causes damage to service equipment whose value is equal to or less than five hundred thousand rwandan francs (frw 500,000) when there has been evidence of his or her carelessness.
Kinyarwanda: 1°  ingengo y’imari cdf  igenerwa na leta igizwe nibura n’amafaranga angana n’icumi ku ijana (10%)  by’amafaranga yinjira mu isanduku ya leta aturutse imbere mu gihugu, abarwa  uhereye ku  ngengo y’imari ya leta y’umwaka ushize;
English: 1° budget allocated by the state comprising of at least ten (10%) percent of domestic revenues calculated from the budget of the previous fiscal year;
Kinyarwanda: 3° kwemeza ko hakurwamo ibigomba kwishyurwa, ikiguzi n’ibindi byatanzwe babona ko bikwiye;
English: 3° allow deductions for duties, costs, charges and expenses which they may deem reasonable; ce bien.
Kinyarwanda: Umuyobozi mukuru, abayobozi bakuru bungirije, n‟umuyobozi ushinzwe imirimo rusange bitabira inama z‟inama z‟ubuyobozi bakayitangamo ibitekerezo, ariko ntibatora mu gihe cy‟ifata ry‟ibyemezo.
English: The director general, the deputy directors general and the head of corporate services division participate in board’s meeting with consultative purpose without voting right.
Kinyarwanda: Umuntu usanzwe ukora isuzuma ku bidukikije mu buryo bwemewe akomeza gukora kandi agomba kuba yubahirije ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko mu gihe kitarenze amezi cumi n’abiri (12) uhereye umunsi iri tegeko ritangarijweho mu igazeti ya leta ya repubulika y’u rwanda.
English: Any existing practitioner who practices in an official capacity as an environmental assessment practitioner continues practicing and must comply with provisions of this law within twelve (12) months from the date of publication of this law in the official gazette of the republic of rwanda.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 15: kwemererwa umusoro ku kiranguzo
English: Article 15: allowance of input tax
Kinyarwanda: 4° gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza n’ibyemezo by’inama nkuru y’ubuyobozi;
English: 4 º to implement instructions and decisions of the governing body;
Kinyarwanda: Inama itumizwa mu nyandiko hasigaye nibura mu minsi irindwi (7), mbere y’uko iterana. icyakora iyo byihutirwa icyo gihe nticyubahirizwa. inyandiko itumiza inama igomba kuba iherekejwe na gahunda y’ibiri ku murongo w’ibyigwa. inama nkuru y’urugaga iterana iyo hari nibura bibiri bya gatatu (2/3) by’abayigize kandi ibyemezo byayo bifatwa k’ubwiganze busesuye bw’amajwi y’abahari.
English: The meeting shall be convened in writing at least seven (7) days before the meeting, except in case of emergency. the notice to the meeting must be accompanied by its agenda. the national council board shall be validly held if at least two thirds (2/3) of its members are present and its decisions taken by absolute majority of the votes of members present.
Kinyarwanda: Uwahawe uruhushya ukomeza gukoresha umuyoboro w’itumanaho koranabuhanga cyangwa gutanga serivisi z’itumanaho koranabuhanga kandi uruhushya rutarongerewe igihe nk’uko biteganywa n’iri tegeko ahanishwa ihazabu yo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi iri hagati y’amafaranga y’u rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000) na miliyoni mirongo ine n’eshanu (45.000.000).
English: Any licensee that continues to operate an electronic communications network and/or provide an electronic communications service without renewing its license in accordance with provisions of this law is liable to an administrative fine of between five million (5,000,000) and forty- five million (45,000,000) rwanda francs.
Kinyarwanda: Umutwe wa ii: kwandikisha isosiyeti igena ibipimo by’ubushobozi bwo kwishyura, amakuru amenyekanishwa n’isosiyete mu gihe cyo kwiyandikisha n’igihe atangirwa
English: Chapter ii: registration of credit rating agency, information disclosed during registration and time frame for disclosure
Kinyarwanda: 15° kwandika no gucunga ubutaka bwose bwa leta hagamijwe kubucunga neza no kubwongerera agaciro;
English: 15º to register and manage all state lands to ensure their efficient management and value addition;
Kinyarwanda: 1° kwemeza amategeko ngengamikorere y’urugaga n’amategeko agenga umwuga;
English: 1° to ensure the implementation of labour policies and laws;
Kinyarwanda: - imisoro yakwa ikurikije ubushobozi bw'imodoka           113.400.000
English: - axle tax             113,400,000
Kinyarwanda: Batorerwa imyaka itanu (5). bashobora kongera gutorwa. bashobora kandi kuvanwaho n‟abagize inama y‟inteko y‟umudugudu byemejwe na bitatu bya gatanu ( 3/5) by‟abayigize.
English: They shall be elected for a five (5) year renewable term of office. they can be relieved of their functions by the members of the village assembly upon a decision of a three – fifths (3/5) majority of its members.
Kinyarwanda: Iyo ishyirahamwe risheshwe, umutungo waryo ushyikirizwa irindi shyirahamwe rifite intego zimwe. nta kintu na kimwe cyo mu mutungo w’umuryango kigomba kugurishwa. nyuma yo kwishyura imyenda umuryango ufite, umutungo usigaye wegurirwa ishyirahamwe rimwe cyangwa menshi akorera mu rwanda afite intego nk’izaryo cyangwa akora ibikorwa by’ubugiraneza.
English: In the case of dissolution, its patrimony is sent to another association pursuing the same similar goals. no asset  of the patrimony of the association has to be sold. after satisfaction of debts and liabilities, it determines the property’s destination to one or several associations working in rwanda pursuing similar or philanthropic goals.
Kinyarwanda: Minisiteri ifite umutungo kamere w’amazi mu nshingano zayo itanga ibikenerwa byose kugira ngo inama ngishwanama ishinzwe amazi ku rwego rw’igihugu irangize inshingano zayo neza.
English: The ministry in charge of water resources shall provide the national water consultative commission with the necessary logistical requirements to enable it to effectively fulfil its responsibilities.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 7: inyandikomvugo z’inama inyandikomvugo z’inama zishyirwaho umukono na perezida n’umunyamabanga b’inama. ariko mbere yo kuzisinya, zohererezwa abagize inama bitabiriye iyo nama kugira ngo bagire icyo bazivugaho. inyandikomvugo zisinye zohererezwa minisitiri ufite imari mu nshingano ze.
English: Article 7: minutes of the meetings minutes of the council meetings shall be signed by the chairperson and the secretary of the meeting. but before signing the minutes, they shall be sent to all members who attended the meeting for comments. signed minutes of the council meetings shall thereafter be sent to the minister in charge of finance.
Kinyarwanda: Iha urwo ruhushya wabisabye urusha abandi ubushobozi usimbura uwari wahawe uruhushya hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’itegeko rigenga za zone n’amateka arishyira mu bikorwa igatangaza iryo hinduka mu igazeti ya leta. mu gihe sezar ibona ko mu basabye guhabwa uruhushya rwo gusimbura uwari wahawe uruhushya warwambuwe nta wujuje ibisabwa, mu minsi ijana na mirongo inani (180) nyuma yo gutanga itangazo rivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngino, sezar ifatanya n’abubaka, abacunga, n’abakorera muri zone abo ari bo bose hashakishwa igisubizo gikwiye kugira ngo ibikorwa bya zone bireba bikomeze.
English: In cases in which there is no eligible applicant to substitute for the revoked licensee within one hundred and eighty (180) calendar days after the publication of the notice provided for by paragraph one of this article, sezar shall coordinate with any developers or operators, and zone users of the affected zone to arrive at a practical solution to continue the operation of the concerned zone.
Kinyarwanda: - kwigisha urubyiruko imyuga ituma bibonera imirimo; - gukangurira abaturage kwirinda no kurwanya sida n‟izindi ndwara z‟ibyorezo; - kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry‟igihugu hashingwa amashuri y‟ingeri zose n‟ibigo nderabuzima, - gushinga amatorero mashya;
English: -to teach professions to the youth so as to create jobs for themselves -to sensitize the population against hiv/aids and other pandemics. -to contribute to national developments by constructing schools at all levels and health centers;
Kinyarwanda: 6° urwego rwa 6: umwarimu wa tvet w’inzobere.
English: 6º category 6: master tvet teacher.
Kinyarwanda: Kugira ngo umunyamuryango ahabwe inshingano z’uhagarariye minisiteriya imbere y’amategeko, agomba:
English: To be appointed legal representative, an applicant must:
Kinyarwanda: Nadimac ishobora gutumira mu nama yayo undi muntu cyangwa urundi rwego bitewe n’ibiri ku murongo w’ibyigwa, ariko ntiyemerewe gutora.
English: Depending on the agenda, nadimatec may invite in its meeting any other person or institution, but without the right to vote.
Kinyarwanda: 29° “umutungo w’ikigega”: umutungo w‟ikigega uvugwa muri iri tegeko, ugizwe n‟igiteranyo cy‟imari yose yashowe n‟abashoye imari mu kigega. uwo mutungo utandukanywa n‟umutungo w‟abayobora ikigega kandi
English: 29° “scheme assets”: the pool of assets of a scheme referred to under this law, which is formed by the aggregation of the investments of the scheme‟s investors. such assets shall be segregated with that of the scheme governors and be held by a custodian;
Kinyarwanda: 9° guteza imbere ubufatanye hagati y’ibigo byose bigira uruhare rugaragara mu buryo bw’ihererekanyamakuru ku myenda mu rwanda no mu mahanga;
English: 9° to promote cooperation of all institutions participating actively in credit reporting system in rwanda and abroad;
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 8: ibindi bigenerwa director general, chief digital officer, advisor to the minister, analyst na senior developer bari ku rwego rw’umurimo rwa “2.iii”
English: Article 8: avantages alloués aux director general, chief digital officer, advisor to the minister, analyst et senior developer au poste de niveau d’emploi “2.iii”
Kinyarwanda: - atumira kandi akayobora sinode ya diyoseze n‟inama ya diyoseze. iyo adahari bitewe n‟impamvu nk‟uburwayi, urupfu, gusezera ku murimo n‟ibindi, icyo gihe izo nzego zitumirwa kandi zikayoborwa n‟umwepisikopi mukuru wa provensi y‟itorero angilikani mu rwanda. igihe nawe adahari, izo nzego zitumizwa kandi zikayoborwa na duwaye wa provensi. mu gihe abo bombi badahari cyangwa banze kuzitumiza, inama y‟abepisikopi basigaye muri provensi y‟itorero angilikani mu rwanda, itumijwe n‟umwepisikopi ukuriye abandi mu bwepisikopi bwa diyoseze, igena ukuntu inzego nkuru z‟umuryango zatumirwa zikanayoborwa.
English: Council. -to call for and chair the meetings of the diocesan synod and the diocesan council. when the legal representative of the organization is absent due to reasons such as sickness, death, resignation, and others, these meetings are called for and chaired by the archbishop of the province of the anglican church of rwanda. when the archbishop is absent, these meetings are called for and chaired by the dean of theprovince. when both the archbishop and the dean are absent or refuse to call these meetings, the house of bishops present in the province of the anglican church of rwanda, called for by the bishop with longer diocesan service, determines how the councils of the organization are called for and chaired.
Kinyarwanda: Abisabye, umukozi ahabwa n’umukoresha we urupapuro rw’umushahara wa buri kwezi rugomba kwerekana umushahara w’ibanze, ibindi bihembo agenerwa, amafaranga akurwaho n’umushahara ahabwa.
English: At worker’s request, employer delivers to him/her an individual monthly payroll which must detail the basic salary, other various allowances and bonuses, withholding taxes and the net salary.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 206 :
English: Article 206 :
Kinyarwanda: A) gukumira no guhana icyaha cya jenoside, kurwanya ihakana n’ipfobya bya jenoside no kurandura burundu ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside n’ibyo igaragariramo byose;
English: A) prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide, fighting against denial and revisionism of genocide as well as eradication of genocide ideology and all its manifestations;
Kinyarwanda: (1) utanga serivisi zo kwishyurana agomba kubahiriza amategeko n’amabwiriza rusange ajyanye no kurwanya iyezandonke no gutera inkunga iterabwoba no gukemura ingorane zijyanye n’urwo rwego afata ingamba zikwiye zigamije guca intege ikoreshwa ry’urwo rwego nk’inzira inyuzwamo amafaranga atemewe no gutahura ibikorwa by’iyezandonke no gutera inkunga iterabwoba no kubimenyesha ikigo gishinzwe iperereza ku mari.
English: (1) payment service provider must comply with the relevant aml/cft laws and regulations and address money laundering and terrorist financing risks through appropriate preventive measures to deter abuse of the sector as a conduit for illicit funds, and detect money laundering and terrorist financing activities and report any suspicious transactions to the financial intelligence centre.
Kinyarwanda: 5° kuba abarizwa mu kagari cyangwa mu murenge komite y’ubutaka agiye kubera umwe mu bayigize ikoreramo;
English: 5° live in a cell or sector of operation of the land committee of which he or she is proposed to be a member;
Kinyarwanda: Komite ishinzwe ibyishingirwa binini ifite inshingano zikurikira:
English: The large risk committee has the following responsibilities:
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 91: imiterere y’igihimba
English: Article 91 : structure du corps
Kinyarwanda: (1) ibigo by’imari iciriritse byakira amafaranga abitswa bigomba kugena agaciro k’inguzanyo zigomba byanze bikunze gutangirwa ingwate.
English: (1) deposit-taking microfinance institutions shall determine the value of loan that compulsorily need to be provided for a collateral.
Kinyarwanda: Icyemezo cya banki nkuru ntigishobora kubangamira igihano nshinjacyaha.
English: The decision of the central bank shall not obstruct a criminal penalty.
Kinyarwanda: Ushinzwe isaka ashobora gufata ikintu cyose abonye mu gikorwa cy‟iterabwoba kandi afitiye ibimenyetso bituma akeka ko cyakoreshwa ibikorwa by‟iterabwoba akagishyikiriza sitasiyo ya polisi imwegereye.
English: A person responsible for a search may, with sufficient grounds, seize any object seen in terrorist act that can be an exhibition that the person may commit an act of terrorism and shall hand over to the nearest police station.
Kinyarwanda: Icyakora, kwiyemerera bishobora gukorwa mu magambo iyo nta ngaruka zikomeye byagira k’ukorerwaho ubushakashatsi kandi bitangiwe uburenganzira na rnec.
English: However, the consent can be given orally if the research participant does not incur serious consequences and upon authorisation from the rnec.
Kinyarwanda: 8° gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’iri tegeko n’andi mabwiriza, by’umwihariko urubuga rwa interineti rufite izina ndangarubuga “.rw”;
English: 8° to establish procedures for ensuring follow up and monitoring of compliance with this law and other regulations, specifically “.rw” domain name space;
Kinyarwanda: 10° umuyobozi muri minisiteri ifite ubuzima mu nshingano zayo;
English: 10° a director in the ministry in charge of health;
Kinyarwanda: Abapiganwa batanga ibiciro bakoresheje uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bukoreshwa mu kurangiza inyandikompesha.
English: Bidders offer prices through the electronic system of execution of enforcement orders.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 136: impaka ku mushinga w’itegeko wakorewe ubugororangingo
English: Article 136: deliberation
Kinyarwanda: Bwana ruhazi bizi tony yemerewe kwegura ku bushake ku mwanya w’umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’ibanze. prime minister’s order n˚88/03 of 21/06/2017 on a deliberate resignation of a prosecutor at primary level
English: Mr. ruhazi bizi tony is granted a deliberate resignation from the post of  prosecutor at primary level. arrete du premier ministre n˚88/03 du 21/06/2017 portant demission volontaire d’un officier de poursuite judiciaire au niveau de base
Kinyarwanda: Icyiciro cya mbere: gutanga serivisi za ecd
English: Section one: ecd services delivery
Kinyarwanda: Harimo inyungu zitishyuwe, na konti yishingiwe neza.;
English: Account, including unpaid interest, a well-secured account;
Kinyarwanda: Abantu bakurikira bagize inama y’abakomiseri muri komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe abana:
English: The following persons are hereby appointed members of the board of commissioners  of the national commission for children:
Kinyarwanda: Umunoteri yemeza ukurimpamo kw’amasezerano itegeko risaba ko agomba kuba mpamo mu gihe yakorwaga. iyo impande zagiranye amasezerano zibisabye, amasezerano ashobora kwemezwa ko ari mpamo n’umunoteri kabone n’iyo itegeko ritabiteganya.
English: A notary shall authenticate contracts that the law requires to have the authentic status at the time of their signature. upon request by contracting parties, contracts can be authenticated by a notary although such an authentication is not provided for by law.
Kinyarwanda: Mugaragaro ipeti cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by’urwego atarimo cyangwa wagize icyo abikoresha, aba akoze icyaha. iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’ukwezi kumwe (1) ariko kitageze ku mezi atandatu (6) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u rwanda atari munsi y’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000
English: Documents, books or property of the cooperative society but refuses to provide such information, shall be liable to a term of imprisonment of at least one (1) month but less than six (6) months and a fine of one hundred thousand (100,000) to five hundred thousand (500,000) rwandan francs or one of these penalties.
Kinyarwanda: 3° inkunga y’ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga;
English: 3° grants from foreign countries and  international organisations;
Kinyarwanda: Igihe habayeho isubiracyaha, ibihano byikuba inshuro ebyiri (2).
English: In case of recidivism, the penalty is doubled.
Kinyarwanda: 3. kwishyura umwenda wihariye wafashwe mbere y‟uko hafatwa icyemezo cy'iseswa;
English: 3. settlement of a specific debt contracted before the liquidation procedure;
Kinyarwanda: Icyakora, umuhuzabikorwa w’inama y’igihugu y’abagore ku rwego rw’akarere agomba kuba nibura afite impamyabumenyi yemewe na leta y’icyiciro cya mbere cy’ishuri rikuru.
English: However, the coordinator at district level, must hold at least a bachelor’s degree recognized by the state from an institution of higher learning.
Kinyarwanda: Iteka rya minisitiri n o 46/11 ryo kuwa 09/04/2008 riha ubuzimagatozi umuryango “mamaru kicukiro karate-do” kandi ryemera abavugizi bawo
English: Ministerial order n o 46 /11 of 09/04/ 2008 granting legal status to the association“mamaru kicukiro karate-do” and approving its legal representatives
Kinyarwanda: Madamu kaligirwa yvette, utuye mu kagari ka akamahoro, umurenge wa muhima, akarere ka nyarugenge, umujyi wa kigali, ahawe uburenganzira bwo guhindura amazina ya kaligirwa yvette yongerwamo izina rya nadine kugira ngo ahinduke kaligirwa yvette nadine mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere kirimo inyandiko ye y’ivuka. pursuant to ministerial order n o 019/17 of 5/12/2001, modifying ministerial order n o 097/05
English: Mr. kaligirwa yvette, domiciled at akamahoro cell, muhima sector, nyarugenge district, kigali city, is hereby authorized to alter the names kaligirwa yvette by adding the name nadine to become kaligirwa yvette nadine in the register of civil status containing her birth certificate. considérant l’arrêté ministériel n o 019/17 du 05/12/2001 modifiant l’ arrêté ministériel n o
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya mbere: imenyekanisha ry’umusoro ku nyongeragaciro
English: Article one: income tax exemption
Kinyarwanda: 17 º igikorwa kinyuranyije n’amategeko:igikorwa cyakozwe cyangwa cyageragejwe gukorwa hagamijwe guhungabanya umutekano w’indege za gisivili;
English: 17º unlawful act: any   act or attempted act to jeopardise the security of civil aviation;
Kinyarwanda: 3º abafatanyabikorwa bafite uburyozwe budahinnye bemeranyije ku bwiganze ko basesa ubufatanye mu bucuruzi bufite uburyozwe buhinnye n’ubudahinnye, iyo nta gihe cyo kubaho cy’ubufatanye mu bucuruzi cyagenwe;
English: 3º the general partners agree by majority to dissolve the limited partnership in case no duration is of its existence was fixed;
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 30: imikorere ya fic n’imikoranire yayo n’izindi nzego
English: Article 30: functioning of fic and its collaboration with other organs
Kinyarwanda: Inama njyanama ishobora gusaba abagize ubuyobozi nshingwabikorwa hamwe/ cyangwa umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe gucunga imari ya leta kuyitaba bagatanga ibisobanuro kuri politiki, gahunda n‟uko amafaranga azakoreshwa, byose bijyanye n‟ingengo y‟imari y‟urwego rw‟ibanze.
English: The council may summon members of the executive authority and/or a chief budget manager to appear and explain policies, programs, and expenditures in connection with the budget of the decentralized entity.
Kinyarwanda: (a) uretse iyo iri tegeko ribiteganya ukundi, agaciro gasoreshwa ku kintu cyangwa kuri serivisi ni ikiguzi cyishyuwe n’uwahawe ikintu cyangwa kuri serivisi mu mafaranga;
English: (a) unless this law provides otherwise, the taxable value on goods or services is the consideration paid in money by the recipient on that good or service;
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 137: inkurikizi zo gushyiraho ushinzwe iyegeranya n’igabagabanya ry’umutungo w’ubufatanye mu bucuruzi w’agateganyo
English: Article 137: effects of appointment of a provisional liquidator of a partnership
Kinyarwanda: Hashyizweho komite mpuzabikorwa  y’igihugu ishinzwe gushakisha no gutabara.
English: A national search and rescue coordination committee is established.
Kinyarwanda: 3 º ibiro by‟ubushinjacyaha;
English: 3 º prosecution offices;
Kinyarwanda: 21° gukorana n‟ibindi bigo n‟imiryango mpuzamahanga ifite aho ihuriye n‟ibikorwa bijyanye n‟imicungire n‟imikoreshereze y‟ubutaka;
English: 21°to cooperate with other agencies and international organizations which have a close relationship with land use and management practices;
Kinyarwanda: Asubiye ku  iteka rya minisitiri w’intebe nº 003/03 ryo ku wa 30/01/2017 rigena intego n’inshingano, imbonerahamwe n’incamake y’imyanya y’imirimo bya minisiteri y’imari n’igenamigambi;
English: Having reviewed prime minister’s order nº 003/03 of 30/01/2017 determining the mission and functions, organizational structure and summary of job positions of the ministry of finance and economic planning;
Kinyarwanda: 6° komite: komite ishinzwe gukemura ibibazo by’abaguzi ba serivisi z’imari.
English: 6° committee: committee responsible for resolving financial services
Kinyarwanda: Amabwiriza y’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’ubumenyi bw’ikirere;
English: Within the guideline of the world meteorological organization;
Kinyarwanda: 3° inyandiko igaragaza cyangwa ishyiraho inshingano kuri fondasiyo.
English: 3° a document evidencing or creating a legal obligation of the foundation.
Kinyarwanda: Mu ngingo ikurikira iyi.
English: The next article.
Kinyarwanda: Wese uri mu nama y‟ubutegetsi y‟isosiyete mu migabane yose irebwa n‟iryo tangwa ry‟imigabane;
English: Accorded to every member of the board of directors with regard to all those shares concerned with the issuing of shares;
Kinyarwanda: 5° andi makuru, igihe bibaye ngombwa, atuma hasobanurwa uburyo bwakoreshejwe mu kugena amafaranga y’ingoboka.
English: 5° other information as appropriate to provide a description of the method used to determine technical provisions.
Kinyarwanda: Icyiciro cya 2: biro ya cnlg n’inshingano zayo
English: Section 2: bureau of cnlg and its responsibilities
Kinyarwanda: Article 12 : l'assemblée générale se réunit une fois par an en session ordinaire. les invitations contenant 1'ordre du jour sont remises aux membres au moins 30 jours. les débats ne portent que sur les questions inscrites a 1'ordre du jour. cependant, le président est tenu d’y ajouter tout autre point proposé par la majorité absolue des ingingo ya 12 . inteko rusange iterana rimwe mu mwaka mu nama isanzwe. inzandiko z'ubutumire zikubiyemo ibiri ku murongo w'ibyigwa zishykirizwa abanyamuryango nibura mbere y'iminsi 30. impaka zigibwa gusa ku bibazo byateganyijwe ku murongo w'ibyigwa. ariko, perezida agomba kongera ku murongo w’ibyigwa ikindi kibazo cyose gitanzwe article 12 : it is convened once a year in ordinary session. invitation letters will contain the meeting agenda and distributed to all members 30 days before. the debates will only concern about questions planned on the agenda but the president is obliged to add any suggested point by the majority of the effective members present in the official gazette n° special of 23/11/2010
English: Article 23: the general assembly shall legally convene in the presence of at least two thirds (2/3) of the effective members. in case the quorum is not realized, the meeting shall be adjourned and reconvened within 15 days from that date. at that time, the meeting shall take place regardless of the number of members present. sub-section 2: special general assembly article 24: the special general assembly meeting is held whenever deemed necessary to deliberate on any urgent issue. it is convened in the same way as the ordinary general assembly, but the notice article 22: la convocation est donnée 30 jours avant la date de la réunion par une lettre adressée à chacun des membres ou un autre moyen approprié déterminé par l‟assemblée générale. article 23: l‟assemblée générale se réunit valablement quand au moins deux-tiers (2/3) des membres effectifs sont présents. si le quorum n‟est pas atteint, la réunion est convoquée de nouveau dans les prochains 15 jours à partir de cette date. a ce moment, la réunion se tient valablement peu importe le nombre de membres présents. sous-section 2: assemblée générale extraordinaire article 24: l‟assemblée générale extraordinaire se tient chaque fois que le besoin se fait sentir pour étudier un problème urgent. elle est convoquée dans les mêmes conditions que l‟assemblée générale official gazette n°08 of 22/02/2010
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 27: ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu yemererwe kwiyamamariza umwanya muri komite nyobozi y’umudugudu
English: Article 27: requirements for presentation of candidature for a post in the village executive committee
Kinyarwanda: Iteka rya perezida rishyiraho ikigo cy’ubuvuzi no kwigisha ku rwego rwa kaminuza cya kigali ………………………………………………………………………...………………28
English: Presidential order establishing the university teaching hospital of kigali……...…………..28
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 114: ibibujijwe umukoresha
English: Article 114: prohibitions to the employer
Kinyarwanda: Inzego z’ akarere zivugwa mu gika cya kabiri cy’iyi ngingo zimenyesha ibiro by’ubutaka imisoro n’ amahoro bikomoka  ku butaka  yakiriwe bitarenze tariki ya 5 ya buri kwezi.
English: The district department referred to in the second paragraph of this article shall inform the land bureau about the land tax and revenue collected, not later than the fifth (5th) day of each month.
Kinyarwanda: Umuntu wese ukora umurimo ujyanye no kubika, gukora, guhindura, kugurisha cyangwa kugura ibicuruzwa muri epz cyangwa muri ftz agomba gukora ibarura ry’ibicuruzwa ku buryo bwemewe na gasutamo. ibicuruzwa bigomba kwandikwa ku mafishi y’ububiko bikigera mu mazu y’uwo muntu. amafishi y’ububiko agomba gufasha gasutamo kumenya uko ibicuruzwa byinjira cyangwa bisohoka.
English: All persons carrying out an activity involving the storage, working or processing, or sale or purchase of goods in an epz or ftz, must keep stock records in a form approved by customs.  goods must be entered in the stock records as soon as they are brought into the premises of such persons.  the stock records must enable customs to identify the goods, and must record their movements.
Kinyarwanda: Iyo uwaciwe ihazabu yo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi atishyuye iyo hazabu mu gihe cy’iminsi irindwi (7), acibwa ibihano by’inyongera by’ubukererwe ku buryo bukurikira:
English: The deadline for payment of an administrative fine should not exceed seven (7) working days beyond which an additional penalty for late payment is imposed as follows:
Kinyarwanda: Izindi nzego z’isosiyete y’ubucuruzi ya leta zishobora gushyirwaho hakurikijwe amategeko ayigenga.
English: Other organs of a state-owned company may be established in accordance with laws governing that company.
Kinyarwanda: 4. uburyo ibiteganywa gukorwa bizahuzwa n’ibiriho mu gihugu, mu karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga [mu kugaragaza uburyo ibiteganywa gukorwa bizahuzwa n’ibiriho mu gihugu mu karere, no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ubushakashatsi butanga ibisobanuro kuri ibi bikurikira:]
English: 4. statement on aligning the proposed actions with national, regional, and international context [while making a statement on aligning the proposed actions with national, regional, and international context, the research should address the following:]
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 15:  gukoresha imbaraga cyangwa gukangisha gukoresha imbaraga ku kibuga cy’indege
English: Article 15: use of force or threaten to use force at the airport
Kinyarwanda: Iteka rya minisitiri nº70/11 ryo kuwa 08/12/2008 riha ubuzimagatozi umuryango « itorero rikirisitu ry’urumuri muri afurika ( i.r.u.a )» kandi ryemera abavugizi bawo. minisitiri w'ubutabera/ intumwa nkuru ya leta, ashingiye ku itegeko nshinga rya repubulika y'u rwanda ryo ku wa 04 kamena 2003, nk‟uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, cyane cyane mu ngingo zaryo iya 120 n‟iya 121 ; ashingiye ku itegeko nº 20/2000 ryo ku wa 26/07/2000
English: Ministerial order n°106/11 of 11/08/2008 granting legal status to the association « we-actx for hope» and approving its legal representatives the minister of justice/ attorney general, pursuant to the constitution of the republic of rwanda of 4 june 2003 as amended to date, especially in article 120 and 121;
Kinyarwanda: B. gutanga amafaranga yo gukora, kugura, gutunga, gutunganya, kohereza, gupakurura no gupakira, kugurira undi, gutunda, kwikorera, kubika intwaro za kirimbuzi, izihumanya, iz’uburozi cyangwa izica ibinyabuzima, cyangwa ibyifashishwa mu ikoreshwa ryazo n’ibikoresho bifitanye isano na zo;
English: B. providing funds for the manufacture, acquisition, possession, development, export, trans-shipment, brokering, transport, transfer, stockpiling of nuclear, chemical or biological weapons or their means of delivery and related materials;
Kinyarwanda: Umurenge ushobora gushyirwa mu cyiciro cy’umurenge w’umujyi. iteka rya minisitiri w’intebe rigena  iyo mirenge n’imicungire yayo yihariye.
English: A sector may be classified in the category of urban sector. an order of the prime minister determines such sectors and their specific management.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 2: abashinzwe kubahiriza iri teka minisitiri w’intebe na minisitiri w’umutungo kamere basabwe kubahiriza iri teka.
English: Article 2: authorities responsible for the implementation of this order the prime minister and the minister of natural resources are entrusted with the implementation of this order. article 3: repealing provision
Kinyarwanda: 1° guteza imbere, kumenyekanisha no guhuza ishyirwa mu bikorwa  rya politiki, ingamba na gahunda z’ubuzima ibinyujije mu:
English: 1° developing,  disseminating  and coordinating the implementation of   health  policies, strategies and programs through:
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 34: urwego rukemura amakimbirane
English: Article 34: the organ of conflict resolution
Kinyarwanda: 1° raporo y’uko imari y’ikigo cy’ubwishingizi ihagaze nk’uko bimeze ku itariki y’ishusho y’umutungo wacyo;
English: 1° statement of the financial position of the insurer as at its reporting date;
Kinyarwanda: Minisitiri w’urubyiruko, umuco na siporo na minisitiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, imiyoborere myiza, amajyambere rusange n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage bashinzwe kubahiriza iri teka.
English: The minister of youth, culture and sports and the minister of local government, good governance, community development and social affairs are responsible for the implementation of this order.
Kinyarwanda: Inyandikomvugo y’inama y’inteko rusange y’umuryango nyarwanda utari uwa leta “dss humura psycho-health promotion”.
English: Statut de l’o.n.g. nationale « dss humura psycho-health promotion”
Kinyarwanda: Kugira ngo ugere ku nshingano zawo.
English: To their competences.
Kinyarwanda: 2º gukora igenamigambi ryo kubyaza umusaruro ubutaka bwa leta ifatanyije n’inzego za leta bireba;
English: 2º designing plans of exploitation of state land in collaboration with concerned state organs;
Kinyarwanda: Ubusabe bw’igihugu cy’amahanga bwo kohererezwa umuntu ufungiye mu rwanda by’igihe gito hagamijwe gukora iperereza cyangwa kwitaba nk’umutangabuhamya mu rukiko rwo mu gihugu cy’amahanga bushyikirizwa urwego rubifitiye ububasha.
English: A request from a foreign state for the temporary transfer of a person in custody in rwanda for the purposes of investigation or appearance as a witness before a court in a foreign state is to be made to the competent authority.
Kinyarwanda: Icyaha cyose gikorewe mu ifasi y‟u rwanda cyakorwa n‟umunyarwanda cyangwa n‟umunyamahanga gihanishwa itegeko ry‟u rwanda, keretse abafite ubudahungabanywa bwemejwe n‟amasezerano mpuzamahanga u rwanda rwemeje burundu cyangwa umuco amahanga yose ahuriyeho.
English: Any offence committed on the rwandan territory by either a rwandan or a foreigner shall be punished by the rwandan law, except in cases of diplomatic immunity guaranteed by international conventions ratified by rwanda or international customs.
Kinyarwanda: Buri wese mu bagize dasso abujijwe:
English: Any dasso member shall be prohibited to:
Kinyarwanda: Buri muyobozi mukuru ushinzwe gucunga imari ya leta atanga ibisobanuro birambuye kuri konti zose zifitwe n‟urwego muri raporo y‟imari.
English: Each chief budget manager shall provide in a financial report details of all bank accounts an entity holds.
Kinyarwanda: Isosiyete y’inyamahanga ifite amasosiyete ayishamikiyeho mu rwanda, ishobora gushyiraho abagenzura ibikorwa by’imirimo y’ayo masosiyete, bikamenyeshwa umwanditsi mukuru. article 280 statements made during the investigation and considered as evidence in legal proceedings
English: A foreign company with subsidiary companies in rwanda may appoint inspectors for such subsidiary companies and the registrar general shall be notified thereof. article 280: éléments de l’inspection comme preuve lors d’une procédure judiciaire
Kinyarwanda: 3° ikiguzi cyo kuvura indwara runaka harimo ikiguzi gitangwa ku ndwara idakira, ikiguzi gitangwa ku buvuzi bw’igikomere, bw’uburwayi cyangwa ibindi bibazo bikomoka ku burwayi, hakuwemo ikiguzi giteganyijwe mu gihe nta buvuzi butanzwe n’amafaranga akomoka ahandi nko muri leta cyangwa ku bafatanyabikorwa mu iterambere;
English: 3° the cost of treatment for a typical case that includes the cost associated with a chronic disease, the cost incurred for treatment of injury, illness or resulting complications, minus the expected cost if treatment is not provided and the financing from other sources such as government and development partners;
Kinyarwanda: 12 º ucunga ububiko bw’ibicuruzwa: umuntu ukora ubucuruzi bwo kubika ibicuruzwa by’ibanze hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko;
English: 12 º warehouse operator: a person engaged in the business of storing commodities in accordance with this law;
Kinyarwanda: (2) haseguriwe ibiteganywa mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo, ikigo cy’imari kigomba gushyikiriza banki nkuru ibi bikurikira:
English: (2) subject to provisions of paragraph (1) of this article, the financial institution shall submit to the central bank the following:
Kinyarwanda: Urutonde rw’ibikomoka ku butabire n’ibindi bihumanya bitemewe
English: Determining the list of chemicals and other polluting substances that are not permitted
Kinyarwanda: Igihe imihango y’umugoroba wo kwibuka mu gihe cy’iminsi ijana (100) itangirira bigenwa n’urwego rw’ibanze rw’aho iyo mihango ibera.
English: The starting time of ceremonies of an evening of commemoration during the period of one hundred (100) days is determined by the local authority of the place where the ceremonies are held.
Kinyarwanda: 6° undi muntu cyangwa ikigo ufite  amakuru akenewe kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma rinoze ry’ubushobozi bwa nyir’amakuru bwo kwishyura.
English: 6° any other person or entity holding information deemed necessary for the adequate evaluation of credit worthiness of data subjects.
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo ya 205: ihindura ry’ibirango bya telefoni zigendanwa
English: Article 205: changing mobile telephone equipment identity
Kinyarwanda: Bwana kayumba isaac agizwe umuyobozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza y‟abaturage muri perezidansi ya repubulika.
English: Mr. kayumba isaac is hereby appointed director of social affairs in the office of the president.