Case: Dhagamwar Narsingh Vs. S. S. Grewal

Sarkar, J. 1. On September 25, 1947, the appellant was appointed by respondent No. 2, the Tata Iron and Steel Co. Ltd., (hereafter called the Company) as the Chief Labour Officer of its collieries of which it appears to have a few, and he worked under the Company till the latter terminated his services by a notice dated December 5, 1955. On such discharge, the appellant, claiming to be a Welfare Officer of a mine within R. 74(2) of the Mines Rules, 1955, which rule we shall later set out, filed an appeal before respondent No. 1, the Chief Inspector of Mines in India, under that rule questioning the validity of his discharge by the Company. The Chief Inspector held that the appellant was not a Welfare Officer within that rule and refused to entertain his appeal. 2. The appellant then moved the High Court at Patna under Art. 226 of the Constitution for an appropriate writ directing the Chief Inspector to decide the appeal. The High Court dismissed the appellants petition agreeing substantially with the view taken by the Chief Inspector. The appellant has now appealed to this Court against the judgment of the High Court. 3. The Mines Rules, 1955 were framed under the Mines Act, 1952, and came into force on July 2, 1955. We are principally concerned with the proviso to R. 74(2) but this has to be read with R. 72. The relevant portions of these rules are set out below:- Rule 72. (1) In every mine wherein 500 or more persons are ordinarily employed there shall be appointed at least one Welfare Officer :- Provided that if the number of persons ordinarily employed exceeds 2000, there shall be appointed additional Welfare Officers on a scale of one for every 2000 persons or fractions thereof. (2) No person shall act as a Welfare Officer of a mine unless he possesses- (Here certain qualifications are specified) Provided that in case of a person already in service as a Welfare Officer in a mine the above qualifications may, with the approval of the Chief Inspector be relaxed. (3) ........ ....... ....... ........ (4) A written notice of every such appointment. . . . . . . . and of the date thereof shall be sent by the owner, agent or manager to the Chief Inspector within 7 days from the date of such appointment..... Rule 73. Duties of Welfare Officers: ........ ....... ....... ................ (Here certain duties are prescribed) Rule 74. (1). .. . . . . . .. . . . . . .......... (2) The conditions of service of a Welfare Officer shall be the same as of other members of the staff of corresponding status in the mine; Provided that, in the case of discharge or dismissal, the Welfare Officer, shall have a right of appeal to the Chief Inspector whose decision thereon shall be final and binding upon the owner, agent or manager of the mine as the case may be. The Chief Inspector mentioned in these Rules is the Chief Inspector of Mines in India. 4. If the appellant was not a Welfare Officer within the proviso to R. 74(2) as the Company contends, then, of course, no appeal by him lay under it. He would then clearly not be entitled to the writ he asked. The question therefore is whether the appellant was a Welfare Officer within the rule and is really one of construction of it. 5. We desire now to point out certain facts as to which there is no controversy. First, both the Act and the Rules came into force long after the appellant had been appointed by the Company. Secondly, no relaxation of qualifications had been sought from or granted by the Chief Inspector with respect to the appellant under the proviso to sub-r. (2) of R. 72 after the Rules came into force. Thirdly, no notice as contemplated in R. 72 (4) had been given concerning the appellant. It appears that the Chief Inspector found that the appellant "was performing duties akin to those of Welfare Officers contemplated by R. 73 and he was qualified to work as a Welfare Officer." We propose to deal with this appeal on the basis of these findings. 6. Dealing with the contention noticed by the Chief Inspector and the High Court that a Welfare Officer under R. 74 (2) is one who is appointed after the Rules came into force. Mr. Sen for the appellant said that a person like the appellant who had the requisite qualifications and was discharging the duties prescribed for Welfare Officer from before the Rules came into force, would be a Welfare Officer within them. He pointed out that the proviso to sub-r. (2) of R. 72 clearly contemplated the continuance of the service of such a person as a Welfare Officer with relaxation where such was necessary and was granted. He also said that sub-r. (4) of R. 72 was inapplicable to such a person because he had been appointed long ago and because the proviso to R. 72 (2) indicated that its application was not intended. We do not it necessary to pronounce on this question in the present case. In our view, the appeal must fail even if Mr. Sens contention is right and that for another reason. 7. We observe that the Rules do not define the term "Welfare Officer. But we think it is beyond doubt-and indeed the contrary has not been contended-that the Welfare Officer mentioned in the proviso to R. 74(2) is the same officer as is mentioned in sub-r. (1) of R. 72. Now it is, in our view, perfectly plain that the Welfare Officer contemplated by R. 72 (1) is such an officer of one mine. The rule says that there shall be at least one Welfare Officer for every mine employing between 500 and 2000 persons and this makes any other view impossible. As we understood Mr. Sen, he also accepted that the Welfare Officer contemplated is one appointed in respect of one mine. Now, the appellant was, on his own case, the Welfare Officer of several mines of the Company and not of one of such mines only. Therefore, we think that he was not a Welfare Officer within R. 72(1) and hence not within the proviso to R. 74(2). 8. But Mr. Sen contends that the appellant might be considered as having been severally and independently appointed the Welfare Officer of each of the Companys several collieries in his charge. We this that that would be an impossible view to take. One appointment cannot be treated as several appointments and it is not in dispute that the appellant had only one appointment for all the Companys collieries.

Decision:
0[ds]5. We desire now to point out certain facts as to which there is no controversy. First, both the Act and the Rules came into force long after the appellant had been appointed by the Company. Secondly, no relaxation of qualifications had been sought from or granted by the Chief Inspector with respect to the appellant under the proviso to sub-r. (2) of R. 72 after the Rules came into force. Thirdly, no notice as contemplated in R. 72 (4) had been given concerning the appellant. It appears that the Chief Inspector found that the appellant "was performing duties akin to those of Welfare Officers contemplated by R. 73 and he was qualified to work as a Welfare Officer." We propose to deal with this appeal on the basis of these findingsWe do not it necessary to pronounce on this question in the present case. In our view, the appeal must fail even if Mr. Sens contention is right and that for another reason7. We observe that the Rules do not define the term "Welfare Officer. But we think it is beyond doubt-and indeed the contrary has not been contended-that the Welfare Officer mentioned in the proviso to R. 74(2) is the same officer as is mentioned in sub-r. (1) of R. 72. Now it is, in our view, perfectly plain that the Welfare Officer contemplated by R. 72 (1) is such an officer of one mine. The rule says that there shall be at least one Welfare Officer for every mine employing between 500 and 2000 persons and this makes any other view impossible. As we understood Mr. Sen, he also accepted that the Welfare Officer contemplated is one appointed in respect of one mine. Now, the appellant was, on his own case, the Welfare Officer of several mines of the Company and not of one of such mines only. Therefore, we think that he was not a Welfare Officer within R. 72(1) and hence not within the proviso to R. 74(2)We this that that would be an impossible view to take. One appointment cannot be treated as several appointments and it is not in dispute that the appellant had only one appointment for all the Companys collieries