Case: S.K.G. Sugar Limited Vs. State of Bihar and Others

1. These two appeals arise from the judgment of the Division Bench of the Patna High Court, made on November 13, 19 84 in Order No.11 and Review Order arising thereunder in CWJC No. 2370/84. 2. The admitted position is that the appellant factory had a reserved area under Section 31 of the Bihar Sugarcane (Regulation of Supply and Purchase) Act, 1981 (for short, the Supply Act) and had the sugarcane supplied by the growers. The Central Government, exercising the power under Clause 3 of the Sugarcane (Control) Order, 1986 (for short, the Order) determined the minimum price for sugarcane at Rs. 13.9 2 per quintal. The State Government announced on March 31, 1983 the Price of Sugarcane at Rs. 20.50 per quintal. The cane growers supplied the sugarcane to the appellant, but the appellant admittedly had paid the minimum price determined under the Order but the difference between the price fixed under the order and the price announced the State Government was not paid. As a consequence, the Collector gave a certificate of dues for realisation under the Revenue Recovery Act. Cal ling those proceedings in question, the writ petition came to be filed. The contention raised in the High Court as well as in this Court is that the Central Government having determined the price of the sugarcane at Rs. 13.92 per quintal, the Stat e Government was devoid of power of fix the price at Rs. 20.50 per quintal and, therefore, the Collector has no power is issue the certificate of arrears; since what is due is the price fixed under the Order which has already been paid, there is no due in accordance with law. 3. She Y.V. Giri, learned counsel for the appellant, has contended that Section 42 of the Supply Act prescribes only the power for fixation of the price in respect of the unites, namely, Khandasari Unit or any un it manufacturing sugar under open pan process. Under the proviso, the Government have no power to fix higher price of sugarcane supplied to sugar factory that is fixed for the Khandasari units. The fixation of the price at Rs. 20.50 per quintal is without any authority of law or jurisdiction. For a certificate proceeding what is required to be proceeded is the due in accordance with law but not in accordance with any order passed by the State Government., The dues in accordance with the price fixed under Clause 3 of the Order haveing been paid, the appellant is not due of any sugarcane price payable to the cane growers and, therefore, the view taken by the High Court is not correct in law. Even if there are dues, the same could be recovered in a suit by the growers. We find no force in the contentions. Sub-clause (1) of Clause 3 of the order provides thus: "The Central Governemnt may, after consultation with such authorities, bodies of associations as it may deem fit, by notifiction is the Official Gazette, from time to time, fix the minimum Price of sugarcane to be paid by producers of sugar of their agents for the sugarcane pruchased by them, having regard to... Provided that the Central Governemnt or, with the approval of the Central Government, the State Government, may, in such circumstances and subject to such condition as it may specify, allow a suitable rebate in the price so fixed." * 4. It is seen that what is postulated under Clause 3 of the order is the fixation of the minimum price payable to the cane growers for the sugarcane supplied by them and purchased by a sugar factory or its agents. Equally, Clasuse 5A prescribes payment of additional price consistent withg the returns had by the factory. Clause 3A equally provides rebates that can be given in respect of the price for sugarcane. A reading of these relevant Clause in the Order does not show that there is any prohibition on the factory or the association of the factories entering into an agreement to pay higher price than the minimum price prescribed under the Oder. The object of the Orde r is to ensure that the cane growers should not be compelled to sell their sugarcane at a price minimum to the price prescribed by the Central Government under Clause 3 of the Order. In State of Madhya Pradesh vs. Jaora Sugar Mills Ltd. &Ors. etc. [CA No. 1811-14/96] decided on October 10, 1996 by a Bench of two judges, to which two of us (K.ramaswamy and G.B.Pattanaik, JJ.) were members, considered the similar question and held thus: "Rule 3[3] determines "where a producer of sugar pruchases any sugarcane from a grower of sugarcane or froma sugarcane from a growr of sugrance or from a sugarcane growrs co-operative society, the producer shall, unless there is an agreement in writing to the contrary between the parties, pay within fourteen days from thedate of delivery of the sugarcane to the seller or tender to him the price of the cane sold at the rate agreed to between the producer and the sugarcane grower of sugarcane growers co-operative society or that fixed under sub- clause (1), as the case may be, either at the gate of the factory or at the cane collection centre or transfer or deposit the necessary amount in the Bank Account of the seller or the co-opoerative society, as the case may be".Clause (3A) to Rule 3 ws introduced by way of an amendment made in GSR 62(E), dated 2.2.1978. For payment of the price within 15 days with interest on the delayed payment at the rate of 15% per annum for the period of such delay beyond 14 days has been introduced. Earlier, it was covered by the Ac t. Clause (1) of Rule 3 fixes the minimum price of sugar payable by the purchaser of the sugarcane as fixed by the Central Governemnt in the manner indicated therein, Clasue (2) of Rule 3 is relevant for the purpose of this case which shows that "no person shall sell or agree to sell sugarcane to a producer of sugar or his agent, and no such producer or agent shall purchase or agree to puchase sugarcane, at a price lower than that fixed under sub-clasuse (1)". Section 23(3) of the Act, also couched in similar language, enables to novate by contract the minimum price fixed by the Central Government in respect of cess payable to Government. This would clearly indicate that despite the fixation of minimum price under clause (1) of Rule 3, by agreement between the sugarcane grower and the purchase of the sugarcane, they would be at liberty to agree to sell or purchase the sugarcane at a higher price that that was fixed by the Central Government under clause (1) of Rule 3. Only for postponement of payment bey9nd 14 days, there should be an agr eemtnt in writing between the parties obviously with the concurrence of the Central Government or authoriesed authority in that behalf. Thus, there is no statutory prohibition in that behalf to pa y higher price. That would be further clear by Rule 3(2) which speaks of the contract between the parties for payment of higher price of sugarcane fixed under clause (1) of Rule 3 pursuant to the agreement or pursuant to the minimum price fixed by the Central Government under Rule 3(1) of the Order.Under Rule 3(1) and additional price fixed under Rule 5A, it was within the domain of the contract between the sugarcane growers and the factories who could agree to pay price higher than the minimum price fixed under the order. What sub-rule (2) of Rule 3 prohibits is the purchase or sale or agreement in that behalf, for bargain to pay price lesser that the minimum price fixed by the Central Government. In other words, the sugarcane growers should not be compelled to sell the sugarcane at a price lesser that what was prescribed by the Order. Thus, we hold that there was no statutory prohibition at the relevant time to agree to pay higher price than was fixed under the order." 5. There is, thus, no prohibition on payment of higher price. it is seen and it is not disputed that there was an agreement by the sugar factory Owners Association with growers of sugarcane entered hn January 1983 wjereom tje [roce tp tje sigarcame at Rs. 20.50 per quintal was agreed to be paid. It is stated in the judgment of the High Court that this was fixed after the agreement between the Millers Association and the farmers at a meeting convened by the Stte Government and the agreement was notified by the State Government. The High Court has also stated that the appellant had played prominent part in fixation of the price and it acted upon it till Mrach 31, 1983. What was contended in the High Court was that though the agreement was there, since the company is an independent entity in the eye of law, it is not bound by such an agreement and, therefore, the appellant is entitled to resile from the agreement with the farmers at that meeting convened by the State Government. In Jaoras case this court had held thus: "The question is; whether such a higher price has been agreed to be paid to the sugarcane growers, the contract has come into existence between the respondents and the cane growers with the aegis of the appellants? As a facts. except kaluram, all representatives of other factories were present at the time to the agreement dated march 21, 1976. As far as Kaluram is concerned, on the first occasion he was present, but on the second occasion when the meeting was adjorned, he was not present. it has been averred in the counter- affidavit that the Sercretary of the sugracene factories owners Association had contracteed him when he was in the hospital and thereafter, the agreement was entered into. Though, subsequently, an attempt was made by the Secretary to wriggle out form it, the Government have stated that and the sugarcane growers have also agreed for the same, we are of the considered view that he was consenting party and there was consensue ad idem to pay higher price of sugarcane than the minimum price fixed by the Central Government and they acted upon it. There was no prohibition for oral agreement between growers and owners through the service of the Cane Commissioner, a statutory authority to effect such agreement.It would thus be clear that the Cane Commissioner having power to compel the cane growers to supply cane to the factory khandsari unit, he has incidental power and duty bound to ensure payment of the price of the sugarcane supplied by the sugarcane grower. The price fixed or agreed is a statutory price and bears the stamp of statutory first charge on the sugar and assets of the factory over any other contracted liabilities to recover the price of the sugarcane supplied to the factory of Khandsari unit. Thus, it would be seen that the Act regulates the recovery as arrears of land revenue. Accordingly, demand has been for payment of the amount n a sum of Rs. 6, 34, 166/- in CA No. 1813/80, Rs.13, 40, 700/- in CA No. 1814 and Rs. 2, 71, 000/- in CA No.1812/80. Thus, the demands issued against the respondents are in accordance with the provisions of the Act and they are liable to pay the same". 6. It is not in dispute that under Section 31 of the Supply Act, the State Government has power to fix the reserved area, in other words, zone was carved out for the appellant for the supply of sugarcane to the factory. All the farmers who are cultifating the sugarcane within that zone ar bopund the State action to supply sugarcane to the factories within that reserved area. Consequently, the factory also is bound by the actions of the State Government. Obviously, pursuant to the obligation had by the State under the supply Act, the meeting was convened by the state Government whereat the factory owners Association and farmers participated and agreed to fixed the price at Rs.20.50 per quintal of sugarcane. As a consequence, both the cane growers as well as the owners of the factory are bound by the decision. This having been agreed upon, the price fixed by the State Government in excess of the minimum price fixed by the Central Government under Clause 3 of the Order would be the price fixed for upply of sugarcane and the Governemnt would beentitled to enforce the liablity. As a consequence, the Collector was empowered and duty bound to issue a vcertrificate of the dues as arrears of land revenue for recoery under the Revenue Recorvery Act. The certificate obviously relates to the difference between the minimum price fixed by the Central government, i.e., Rs. 13.92 per quintal and the price of Rs.20.50 determined by the agreement between the parties. Under the circumstances, there need not be any sparte agreement to be entered into between the cane growers in the reserved area and the appellants factory to be enforceable. We hold that the cerfificate issued by the Collector is vaild in law. As held earlier, the State Government acted in their statutory capacity to fix the increased price of the sugarcane. There is no need for the growers to file separate suit to recover the difference of the price. The recovery proceedings are the appropriate course of action rightly adopted by the State Government.Shri Giri next sought to contened that the appelahnt - factory was notified to be taken over and denotified for dvestment and in the interretgum sales and purchases have taken place and the consequence thereof requires to be considered. The appellant had crushed the sugarcane though vacuum pan process in producing sugar in the relevant period. So it alone is liable to pay the cane price. We find that the question in this case of sharing the liablity by the State Government does not arise. Therefore, it is unnecessary for us to go into the question in these appeals. 7. By order dated February 29, 1996 passed by this Court, the State Government was directed to work out the amount due and payable to the cane growers in terms of the undertaking given to this court at the time of passing the interim order. Pursuanat thereto, it appears and it is not in dispute that the Government has worked out the dues at Rs. 62, 90, 398.72 and made a demand on March 22, 1996 and in furtherance thereof, the appellant has deposited the amount on April 3, 1996. In view of the above, if there is any other demand than what was directed, the respondents are at liberty to proceed in accordance with law and if there is no demand and the demand has already been satisfied, than it is needless to mention that the respondents may not take any further steps in that behalf. 8.

Decision:
0[ds]By order dated February 29, 1996 passed by this Court, the State Government was directed to work out the amount due and payable to the cane growers in terms of the undertaking given to this court at the time of passing the interim order. Pursuanat thereto, it appears and it is not in dispute that the Government has worked out the dues at Rs. 62, 90, 398.72 and made a demand on March 22, 1996 and in furtherance thereof, the appellant has deposited the amount on April 3, 1996. In view of the above, if there is any other demand than what was directed, the respondents are at liberty to proceed in accordance with law and if there is no demand and the demand has already been satisfied, than it is needless to mention that the respondents may not take any further steps in that behalf.