DevLan/vispubs huggingface dataset:
Unsteady phenomena, hypersonic flows and co-operative flow visualization in aerospace research
Authors: Hans-Georg Pagendarm
Published at Vis, 1993

Some techniques developed recently at DLR's Institute of Theoretical Fluid Mechanics in order to cope with the demands arising from today's work in aerodynamics are illustrated. Such new demands arise from new aerodynamical problems like the hypersonic flow field around re-entry vehicles, the study of unsteady phenomena which comes more and more within reach due to the increased availability of computing power and the tendency towards enhanced international cooperation especially within Europe which calls for the use of co-operative systems on wide area networks.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Virtual input devices for 3D systems
Authors: Taosong He, Arie E. Kaufman
Published at Vis, 1993

The device unified interface is a generalized and easily expandable protocol for the communication between applications and input devices. The key idea is to unify various device data into the parameters of a so-called "virtual input device." The device information-base, which includes device dependent information, is also incorporated into the virtual input device. Using the device unified interface, system builders are able to design their applications independent of the input devices as well as utilize the capabilities of several devices in the same application.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visual feedback in querying large databases
Authors: Daniel A. Keim, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Thomas Seidl 0001
Published at Vis, 1993

In this paper, we describe a database query system that provides visual relevance feedback in querying large databases. The goal of our system is to support the query specification process by using each pixel of the display to represent one data item of the database. By arranging and coloring the pixels according to their relevance for the query, the user gets a visual impression of the resulting data set. Using sliders for each condition of the query, the user may change the query dynamically and receives immediate feedback by the visual representation of the resulting data set. By using multiple windows for different parts of a complex query, the user gets visual feedback for each part of the query and, therefore, will easier understand the overall result. The system may be used to query any database that contains tens of thousands to millions of data items, but it is especially helpful to explore large data sets with an unknown distribution of values and to find the interesting hot spots in huge amounts of data. The direct feedback allows to visually display the influence of incremental query refinements and, therefore, allows a better, easier and faster query specification.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualization and modeling of geophysical data
Authors: George Celniker, Indranil Chakravarty, Jan Moorman
Published at Vis, 1993

We present the visualization and modeling techniques used in a case study to build feature-based computational models from geophysical data. Visualization was used to inspect the quality of the interpretation of the geophysical data. We describe the geophysical data graphical representation used to support rapid rendering and to enhance the perception differences between the interpretation of the data and the data itself. In addition, we present the modeling techniques used to convert the geophysical data into a feature-based computational model suitable for use by a numerical simulation package.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualization of acoustic lens data
Authors: Anthony J. Bladek
Published at Vis, 1993

3-dimensional data visualization from any input source involves the study and understanding of several steps. These steps include data acquisition, signal processing, image processing and image generation. Using a forward-looking high frequency sonar system (which focuses sound much like the eye focuses light), standard and non-standard data processing algorithms, and industry "standard" visualization algorithms, this project produced accurate 3-dimensional representations of several underwater objects.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualization of oil reservoirs over a large range of scales as a catalyst for multi-disciplinary integration
Authors: S. Tyson, B. Williams
Published at Vis, 1993

We discuss a system which provides a single, unified model of oil and gas reservoirs that is used across a range of disciplines from geologists to reservoir engineers. It has to store, manipulate and display reservoir phenomena which are observed over several orders of magnitude from 1 mm to 10 km. We propose that the current capabilities of visualization, over this range of scales, can remove perception barriers that have existed between disciplines and provide clear insights into the problems of modeling reservoirs from geological and engineering perspectives.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualization of stratospheric ozone depletion and the polar vortex
Authors: Lloyd Treinish
Published at Vis, 1993

Direct analysis of spacecraft observations of stratospheric ozone yields information about the morphology of annual austral depletion. Visual correlation of ozone with other atmospheric data illustrates the diurnal dynamics of the polar vortex and contributions from the upper troposphere, including the formation and breakup of the depletion region each spring. These data require care in their presentation to minimize the introduction of visualization artifacts that are erroneously interpreted as data features. Non-geographically registered data of differing mesh structures can be visually correlated via cartographic warping of underlying geometries without interpolation. Since this approach is independent of realization technique, it provides a framework for experimenting with different visualization strategies. This methodology preserves the fidelity of the original data sets in a coordinate system suitable for three-dimensional, dynamic examination of upper atmospheric phenomena.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualization of time-dependent flow fields
Authors: David A. Lane
Published at Vis, 1993

Presently, there are very few visualization systems available for time-dependent flow fields. Although existing visualization systems for instantaneous flow fields may be used to view time-dependent flow fields at discrete points in time, the time variable is usually not considered in the visualization technique. We present a simple and effective approach for visualizing time-dependent flow fields using streaklines. A system was developed to demonstrate this approach. The system can process many time frames of flow fields without requiring that all the data be in memory simultaneously, and it also handles flow fields with moving grids. We have used the system to visualize streaklines from several large 3-D time-dependent flow fields with moving grids. The system was able to provide useful insights to the physical phenomena in the flow fields.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualization of turbulent flow with particles
Authors: Andrea J. S. Hin, Frits H. Post
Published at Vis, 1993

In this work a new method for visualization of three-dimensional turbulent flow using particle motion animation is presented. The method is based on Reynolds decomposition of a turbulent flow field into a convective and a turbulent motion. At each step of particle path generation a stochastic perturbation is added, resulting in random-walk motions of particles. A physical relation is established between the perturbations and the eddy-diffusivity, which is calculated in a turbulent flow simulation. The flow data used is a mean velocity field, and an eddy-diffusivity field. The erratic particle motions are more than just a visual effect, but represent a real physical phenomenon. An implementation of the method is described, and an example of a turbulent channel flow is given, which clearly shows the random particle motions in their context of general fluid motion patterns.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Visualizing results of transient flow simulations
Authors: Harald F. Mayer, Behnam Tabatabai
Published at Vis, 1993

This work briefly describes our approach to visualize results of transient flow simulations in the application areas of groundwater flow and pollutant transport as well as compressible fluid flow in engine parts. The simulations use finite element data structures and can have geometries which change over time. We designed a client-server model to handle the huge amount of data that can be obtained either directly from the simulation process or from files on disk. As standard visualization packages are not able to cope with transient unstructured data, we implemented streamlines, stream surfaces and particle systems as our main visualization methods. Our experiences and results with these techniques are discussed in this paper.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Volume sampled voxelization of geometric primitives
Authors: Sidney W. Wang, Arie E. Kaufman
Published at Vis, 1993

We present a 3-D antialiasing algorithm for voxel-based geometric models. The technique band-limits the continuous object before sampling it at the desired 3-D raster resolution. By precomputing tables of filter values for different types and sizes of geometric objects, the algorithm is very efficient and has a complexity that is linear with the number of voxels generated. The algorithm not only creates voxel models which are free from object space aliasing, but it also incorporates the image space antialiasing information as part of the view independent voxel model. The resulting alias-free voxel models have been used to model synthetic scenes, for discrete ray tracing applications. The discrete ray-traced image is superior in quality to the image generated with a conventional surface-based ray tracer, since silhouettes of objects, shadows, and reflections appear smooth (jaggy-less). In addition, the alias-free models are also suitable for intermixing with sampled datasets, since they can be treated uniformly as one common data representation.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A space based model for user interaction in shared synthetic environments
Authors: Lennart E. Fahlén, Charles Grant Brown, Olov Ståhl, Christer Carlsson
Published at CHI, 1993

In a distributed shared synthetic environment with provisions for high quality 3D visualization and interaction, it is possible to implement a powerful variant of a rooms/space metaphor based on the concept of presence or proximity between participants in 3D space. This kind of model can be used as an interface between the user and the computer, for overview and control of applications, file systems, networks and other computer resources, as well as for communication and collaboration with other users in the networked environment. We model proximity with a geometric volume of the immediate surroundings, the aura, of the participant's representation in the synthetic environment. This proximity, or aura, is used to establish presence at meetings, to establish communication channels and to provide interaction.
A synergistic approach to specifying simple number independent layouts by example
Authors: Scott E. Hudson, Chen-Ning Hsi
Published at CHI, 1993

A grid-based technique to specify simple number independent layouts by example is described. This technique was originally developed to support layout specification for a parallel program visualization system but can be applied to aid other simple graphical layout tasks as well. The technique works by allowing the user to construct an example layout using a grid-based interaction technique. This example can then be generalized into a layout algorithm which can be applied to create layouts of any size. However, rather than simply choosing the “best” generalization, the system described here takes a synergistic approach. New examples from a set of alternative generalizations are presented to the user so that they can guide and control the generalization process. This provides more understanding and control of the generalization to be constructed from only one small example.
Automatic structure visualization for video editing
Authors: Hirotada Ueda, Takafumi Miyatake, Shigeo Sumino, Akio Nagasaka
Published at CHI, 1993

We developed intelligent functions for the automatic description of video structure, and visualization methods for temporal-spatial video structures obtained by these functions as well as for the functions. The functions offer descriptions of cut separations, motion of the camera and filmed objects, tracts and contour lines of objects, existence of objects, and periods of existence. Furthermore, identical objects are automatically linked. Thus the visualization methods supported by object-links allow users to freely browse and directly manipulate the structure including descriptions and raw video data.
Beyond interface builders: model-based interface tools
Authors: Pedro A. Szekely, Ping Luo, Robert Neches
Published at CHI, 1993

Interface builders only support the construction of the menus and dialogue boxes of an application. They do not support the construction of interfaces of many application classes (visualization, simulation, command and control, domain-specific editors) because of the dynamic and complex information that these applications process. HUMANOID is a model-based interface design and construction tool where interfaces are specifkd by building a declarative description (model) of their presentation and behavior. HUMANOID’S modeling language provides simple abstraction, iteration and conditional constructs to model the interface features of these application classes. HUMANOID provides an easy-touse designer’s interface that lets designers build complex interfaces without programming.
Fish tank virtual reality
Authors: Colin Ware, Kevin Arthur, Kellogg S. Booth
Published at CHI, 1993

The defining characteristics of what we call “Fish Tank Virtual Reality” are a stereo image of a three dimensional (3D) scene viewed on a monitor using a perspective projection coupled to the head position of the observer. We discuss some of the relative merits of this mode of viewing as compared to head mounted stereo displays. In addition, we report the experimental investigation of the following variables: 1) whether or not the perspective view is coupled to the actual viewpoint of the observer, 2) whether stereopsis is employed. Experiment 1 involved the subjective comparison of pairs of viewing conditions and the results suggest that head coupling may be more important than stereo in yielding a strong impression of three dimensionality. Experiment 2 involved subjects tracing a path from a leaf of a 3D tree to the correct root (there were two trees intermeshed). The error rates ranged from 22% in the pictorial display, to 1.3% in the head coupled stereo display. The error rates for stereo alone and head coupling alone were 14.7% and 3.2% respectively. We conclude that head coupling is probably more important than stereo in 3D visualization and that head coupling and stereo combined provide an important enhancement to monitor based computer graphics.
High interaction data visualization using Seesoft to visualize program change history (abstract)
Authors: Joseph L. Steffen, Stephen G. Eick
Published at CHI, 1993

A problem in developing large software systems is understanding the source code. This problem is difficult because of the volume of code. The listing for a moderately sized system with 100,000 lines, printed 50 lines per page, would run 2,000 pa~s. This video shows a new software tool, Seesoft , that applies scientific visualization techniques to visualizing code. The visualization approach is to represent files in a directoty in columns and the source code lines as rows of colored pixels. The indentation and length of each row of pixe18 corresponds to the actual code. The color of each row of pixels is determined by a statistic such as the age, programmer, or type of line, that we obtain from the change management system. The visual impression is that of a miniature picture of the source code with the indentation showing the usual C controls structure and the color showing the spatial distribution of the statistic. A user may adjust the display using direct manipulation techniques to discover interesting patterns in the code. Software engineering concepts such as complexity and bug fix on fix density can be visualized. The main interest of this work to the human factors community is the use of graphical user interface for selecting and combining statistics from a database, the effective use of hundreds of colors to display a mass of data, and the reduction of the point-and-click direct manipulation metaphor to just pointing, e.g. something of interest will occur where ever the mouse points to on the display.
IMPACT (abstract): interactive motion picture authoring system for creative talent
Authors: Hirotada Ueda, Takafumi Miyatake, Satoshi Yoshizawa
Published at CHI, 1993

INTRODUCTION We are developing a multimedia authoring system, called IMPACT [1]. It is not easy for non-professionaf users to get good quality motion pictures and to edit them, for instance, in order to create multimedia presentations that express their concepts. To make this kind of tasks feasible for everyone, image-recognition technology is applied. Visualization of the structure of motion pictures is also very important [2]. A couple of visualization technique are developed for time axis editing.
A 3-D streamline tracking algorithm using dual stream functions
Authors: David N. Kenwright, Gordon D. Mallison
Published at Vis, 1992

A methodology has been developed for constructing streamlines and particle paths in numerically generated fluid velocity fields. A graphical technique is used to convert the discretely defined flow within a cell into one represented by two three-dimensional stream functions. Streamlines are calculated by tracking constant values of each stream function, a process which corresponds to finding the intersection of two stream surfaces. The tracking process is mass conservative and does not use a time stepping method for integration, thus eliminating a computationally intensive part of traditional tracking algorithms. The method can be applied generally to any three-dimensional compressible or incompressible steady flow. Results presented compare the performance of the new method to the most commonly used scheme and show that calculation times can be reduced by an order of magnitude.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A characterization of the scientific data analysis process
Authors: R. R. Springmeyer, Meera Blattner, Nelson L. Max
Published at Vis, 1992

It is shown how data visualization fits into the broader process of scientific data analysis. Scientists from several disciplines were observed while they analyzed their own data. Examination of the observations exposed process elements outside conventional image viewing. For example, analysts queried for quantitative information, made a variety of comparisons, applied math, managed data, and kept records. The characterization of scientific data analysis reveals activity beyond that traditionally supported by computer. It offers an understanding which has the potential to be applied to many future designs, and suggests specific recommendations for improving the support of this important aspect of scientific computing.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A scientific visualization renderer
Authors: Bruce Lucas
Published at Vis, 1992

While scientific visualization systems share many requirements with other graphical applications, they also have special requirements that make solutions based on standard rendering hardware or software not entirely satisfactory. Those requirements are illustrated by describing the renderer used in a production scientific visualization system, Data Explorer. The requirements for a visualization renderer are discussed. Implementation techniques used to meet the requirements of parallelism, volume rendering of irregular data, clipping, and integration of rendering modalities are described. The renderer described is a software renderer, but it is hoped that the requirements and implementation presented might influence the design of future generations of rendering hardware.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A voxel-based, forward projection algorithm for rendering surface and volumetric data
Authors: John R. Wright, Julia C. Hsieh
Published at Vis, 1992

A voxel-based, forward projection algorithm with a pipeline architecture for real-time applications is presented. The multisensor capabilities (electrooptical, or visual, and infrared) currently implemented in software have also been applied to non-real-time imaging applications on workstations and minicomputers. Most suited for terrain-based applications, the system features haze, imbedded targets, moving objects, smooth shading, and specular reflections.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
An architecture for a scientific visualization system
Authors: Bruce Lucas, G. D. Abrams, Nancy S. Collins, D. A. Epstien, Donna L. Gresh, Kevin P. McAuliffe
Published at Vis, 1992

The architecture of the Data Explorer, a scientific visualization system, is described. Data Explorer supports the visualization of a wide variety of data by means of a flexible set of visualization modules. A single powerful data model common to all modules allows a wide range of data types to be imported and passed between modules. There is integral support for parallelism, affecting the data model and the execution model. The visualization modules are highly interoperable, due in part to the common data model, and exemplified by the renderer. An execution model facilitates parallelization of modules and incorporates optimizations such as caching. The two-process client-server system structure consists of a user interface that communicates with an executive via a dataflow language.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
An efficient range search algorithm for visualizing extrema of volume data
Authors: Xiaolin Wu, Yonggang Fang
Published at Vis, 1992

A fast range search algorithm for visualizing extrema of d-dimensional volume data in real time as the user interactively moves the query range is presented. The algorithm is based on an efficient data structure, called index heap, which needs only O(N/log N) space and O(d2/sup d/N) preprocessing time to be set up, where N is the size of the d-dimensional data volume. The algorithm can answer an extremum query in O(4/sup d/) expected time, and its worst-case time complexity is O(2/sup d/ log N) per query. For dimensions two and three, the range search for extrema is effected in average O(1) time per query independently of the size of query range. Unlike previous range query algorithms in the computational geometry literature, the proposed algorithm is very simple and can be easily implemented.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Anatomical atlases based on volume visualization
Authors: Karl Heinz Höhne, Andreas Pommert, Martin Riemer, Thomas Schiemann, Rainer Schubert, Ulf Tiede, Werner Lierse
Published at Vis, 1992

A framework for the generation of atlases of the human body based on the linkage of volume data to a knowledge base is presented. The model has a two layer structure. The lower level is a volume model with a set of semantic attributes belonging to each voxel. Its spatial representation is derived from data sets of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography. The semantic attributes are assigned by an anatomist using a volume editor. The upper level is a set of relations between these attributes which are also specified by the expert. Interactive visualization tools, such as multiple surface display, transparent rendering, and cutting, are provided. It is shown that the combination of this object-oriented data structure with advanced volume visualization tools provides the look and feel of a real dissection.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;