DevLan/vispubs huggingface dataset:
A data model for scientific visualization with provisions for regular and irregular grids
Authors: Robert B. Haber, Bruce Lucas, Nancy S. Collins
Published at Vis, 1991

A mathematical data model for scientific visualization that is based on the mathematics of fiber bundles is presented. Previous results are extended to the case of piecewise field representations (associated with grid-based data representations), and a general mathematical model for piecewise representations of fields on irregular grids is presented. The various types of regularity that can be found in computational grids and techniques for compact field representation based on each form of regularity are discussed. These techniques can be combined to obtain efficient methods for representing fields on grids with various regular or partially regular structures.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A fast ray tracing casting algorithm using adaptive isotriangular subdivision
Authors: Renben Shu, Alan Liu
Published at Vis, 1991

The use of ray casting in volume rendering and its uses and advantages over surface rendering algorithms are discussed. Various adaptive algorithms that attempt to overcome its problem of high computational cost by taking advantage of image coherency and the bandlimited nature of volume data are described. A method of subdividing the image plane with isosceles triangles, instead of quadrants as is usually done is proposed. It results in fewer rays being fired without sacrificing image quality. A brief theoretical analysis of the algorithm in comparison with other methods is given.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A scientific visualization synthesizer
Authors: Roger Crawfis, M. J. Allison
Published at Vis, 1991

Methods for displaying scientific data using textures and raster operations rather than geometric techniques are described. The flexibility and simplicity of raster operations allow a greater choice of visualization techniques with only a small set of basic operations. In addition, texture mapping techniques that allow the representation of several variables simultaneously, without a high degree of clutter, are shown. The combination of traditional geometric techniques, image composition techniques, and image rendering techniques can be integrated into a single framework for the display of scientific data. A system for generating and operating on textures and images for the purposes of scientific visualization is presented. To illustrate its advantage, the development of bump maps for vector filters and contour lines is demonstrated.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
A tool for visualizing the topology of three-dimensional vector fields
Authors: Al Globus, Creon Levit, T. Lasinski
Published at Vis, 1991

A description is given of a software system, TOPO, that numerically analyzes and graphically displays topological aspects of a three-dimensional vector field, v, to produce a single, relatively simple picture that characterizes v. The topology of v considered consists of its critical points (where v=0), their invariant manifolds, and the integral curves connecting these invariant manifolds. The field in the neighborhood of each critical point is approximated by the Taylor expansion. The coefficients of the first nonzero term of the Taylor expansion around a critical point are the 3*3 matrix Delta v. Critical points are classified by examining Delta v's eigenvalues. The eigenvectors of Delta v span the invariant manifolds of the linearized field around a critical point. Curves integrated from initial points on the eigenvectors a small distance from a critical point connect with other critical points (or the boundary) to complete the topology. One class of critical surfaces that is important in computational fluid dynamics is analyzed.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Achieving direct volume visualization with interactive semantic region selection
Authors: Terry S. Yoo, Ulrich Neumann, Henry Fuchs, Stephen M. Pizer, Tim J. Cullip, John Rhoades, Ross T. Whitaker
Published at Vis, 1991

The authors have achieved rates as high as 15 frames per second for interactive direct visualization of 3D data by trading some function for speed, while volume rendering with a full complement of ramp classification capabilities is performed at 1.4 frames per second. These speeds have made the combination of region selection with volume rendering practical for the first time. Semantic-driven selection, rather than geometric clipping, has proved to be a natural means of interacting with 3D data. Internal organs in medical data or other regions of interest can be built from preprocessed region primitives. The resulting combined system has been applied to real 3D medical data with encouraging results.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Acoustic imaging: the reconstruction of underwater objects
Authors: Lawrence J. Rosenblum, Behzad Kamgar-Parsi, Edward O. Belcher, Ola Engelsen
Published at Vis, 1991

Reconstruction of 3D scenes using data from an acoustic imaging sonar is addressed. The acoustic lens is described, and issues concerning underwater 3D scene reconstruction from the lens data are examined. Two methods for visualizing objects in an acoustic snapshot of the ocean are discussed: mathematical morphology and a synthesis of 3D digital imaging with volume rendering.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Advanced visualization on desktop workstations
Authors: Steve M. Legensky
Published at Vis, 1991

The author explores some of the primary problems that face designers of hardware and software for visualization who are attempting to create tools that will be used and widely accepted. He describes possible solutions to some of these challenges that have been incorporated into Fieldview, a commercial tool for increasing engineering productivity in computational fluid dynamics (CFD).&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Applying 3D visualization techniques to finite element analysis
Authors: Richard S. Gallagher, Robert B. Haber, Gordon Ferguson, David Parker, Douglas W. Stillman, James Winget
Published at Vis, 1991

Addresses 3D visualization techniques now being developed that are specific to coarse, irregular grid fields such as finite-element models. These include direct-generation of isovalues from finite elements, display of 3D gradient and tensor quantities, and the display of multiple states of behavior, items common to general 3D visualization, but with specific algorithmic and implementation issues in finite element analysis.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Color icons: merging color and texture perception for integrated visualization of multiple parameters
Authors: Haim Levkowitz
Published at Vis, 1991

A technique that harnesses color and texture perception to create integrated displays of 2D image-like multiparameter distributions is presented. The power of the technique is demonstrated by an example of a synthesized dataset and compared with several other proposed techniques. The nature of studies that are required to measure objectively and accurately the effectiveness of such displays is discussed.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Color vs. black-and-white in visualization
Authors: Haim Levkowitz, Richard A. Holub, Gary W. Meyer, Philip K. Robertson
Published at Vis, 1991

Addresses the issue of the use of color, as compared to monochromatic displays, in visualization. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of color displays, and those of monochromic displays, identifies situations where color can improve the representation, those where it will degrade it, and suggest guidelines on how (and when) to use color.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Computer assisted sphere packing in higher dimensions
Authors: Nelson L. Max
Published at Vis, 1991

A computer was used to help study the packing of equal spheres in dimension four and higher. A candidate of the densest packing in 4-space is described. The configuration of 24 spheres touching a central sphere in this packing is shown to be rigid, unlike the analog in 3-space, in which the spheres can slide past each other. A system for interactively manipulating and visualizing such configurations is described. The Voronoi cell for a sphere is the set of points closer to its center than to any other sphere center in the packing. The packing density is the ratio of a sphere's volume to the average of the volumes of the Voronoi cells. A method of constructing Voronoi cells and computing their volumes that works in any dimension is presented. Examples of Voronoi cell volumes are given.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Cooperative, computer-aided design of scientific visualizations
Authors: Sandeep Kochhar, Mark Friedell, Mark Vincent LaPolla
Published at Vis, 1991

Partial automation of the task of designing graphical displays that effectively depict the data to be visualized through cooperative computer-aided design (CCAD) is described. This paradigm combines the strengths of manual and automated design by interspersing guiding design operations by the human user with the exploration of design alternatives by the computer. The approach is demonstrated in the context of the IVE design system, a CCAD environment for the design of scientific visualizations using a set of design rules that combine primitive visualization components in different ways. These alternatives are presented graphically to the user, who can browse through them, select the most promising visualization, and refine it manually.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Deixis and the future of visualization excellence
Authors: William C. Hill, James D. Hollan
Published at Vis, 1991

The authors maintain that of particular importance for visualization excellence is an understanding of effective deictic facilities, especially new techniques made possible by computation. They explain what deixis is and why it is fundamental to visualization and they analyze some of the requirements for effective deixis in the context of emergent visualization technology.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Designing a distributed scientific visualization tool
Authors: L. van der Sluis
Published at Vis, 1991

The benefits of using a distributed scientific visualization tool in the field of acoustic modeling are demonstrated. A user-friendly interface was developed under SunView. A Remote Procedure Call was used for transparent data transfer between a CRAY X-MP/28 and Sun 4 workstation. PV-WAVE, a high-level graphics package, was used to visualize the results.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Distributed visualization using workstations, supercomputers, and high speed networks
Authors: David W. Robertson, Van L. Jacobson, William E. Johnston, Stewart C. Loken, Edward H. Theil, Brian L. Tieney
Published at Vis, 1991

A collaboration designed to demonstrate the possibilities of access to supercomputers via the high-speed wide-area networks in order to carry out sophisticated, interactive visualization on local workstations is described. The test case was visualization of 3D magnetic resonance imaging data, with a Vray performing surface reconstruction to generate a set of triangles. The resulting geometric data was sent to a local workstation to be rendered, with minor enhancements to current network protocols enabling effective utilization of the 45 Mb bandwidth of a T3-based network.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Enhanced visualization of multi-dimensional structures. Applications in positron emission tomography and climate data
Authors: Nahum D. Gershon
Published at Vis, 1991

An algorithm based on mathematical morphology, image processing, and volume rendering has been developed to enhance the visual perception of definite and abstract structures embedded in multidimensional data undergoing visualization. This erosion procedure enhances the depth and shape perception of structures present in the data beyond the perception facilitated by shading and contrasting colors alone. The utility of this algorithm is demonstrated for medical imaging (positron emission tomography) and climate (sea surface temperature) data. The resulting information is displayed in stereo.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Experiments with interdisciplinary projects and scientific visualization applications at the undergraduate level
Authors: Nan C. Schaller
Published at Vis, 1991

The author describes the interaction between computer graphics students from the computer science department at Rochester Institute of technology and faculty from various disciplines, in their attempts to utilize state-of-the-art computer graphics techniques for the visualization of physical systems. The structure of a computer graphics course designed to act as the vehicle for this interaction is also described.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Fast rotation of volume data on parallel architectures
Authors: Peter Schröder, James B. Salem
Published at Vis, 1991

An algorithm for rendering of orthographic views of volume data on data-parallel computer architectures is described. In particular, the problem or rotating the volume in regard to the communication overhead associated with finely distributed memory is analyzed. An earlier technique (shear decomposition) is extended to 3D, and it is shown how this can be mapped onto a data-parallel architecture using only grid communication during the resampling associated with the rotation. The rendering uses efficient parallel computation constructs that allow one to use sophisticated shading models and still maintain high-speed throughout. This algorithm has been implemented on the connection machine and is used in an interactive volume-rendering application, with multiple frames-per-second performance.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Golf green visualization
Authors: William E. Lorensen, Boris Yamrom
Published at Vis, 1991

Television coverage of golf fails to bring the viewer an appreciation of the complex topography of a golf green and how that topography affects the putting of golf balls. A computer graphics simulation that enhances the viewer's perception of these features using shaded polygonal models of the actual golf green used in tournaments is presented. Mathematical modeling of the golf ball's trajectory on its way toward the hole further enhances viewer understanding. A putting difficulty map assesses the relative difficulty of putting from each location on the green to a given pin position. The object-oriented system is written in C and runs on a variety of 3D graphics workstations. As an experiment, the system was used at a professional golf tournament and correctly simulated all putts during the final round.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Gray scale diagrams as business charts
Authors: W. R. Feeney
Published at Vis, 1991

Gray-scale diagrams, which can present large amounts of quantitative information in a compact format, are considered as a candidate for business charts. Hundreds of data points can easily be represented in one diagram, using small gray-scale squares (or tiles), without visually overloading a viewer. An experiment was done to compare the subjects' responses to questions from three types of charts, traditional column and line charts and gray-scale tile charts. The results showed that questions were answered more correctly and more quickly using gray-scale tile charts than using traditional charts. However, subjects reported they experienced more strain using gray-scale charts.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
How shall we connect our software tools?
Authors: Eric Grosse
Published at Vis, 1991

Software tools are traditionally connected using human-readable files, an approach that buys flexibility and understandability at some cost in performance relative to binary file formats. The possibility of using shared-memory functions to retain most of the existing style while leapfrogging the speed of reading binary files, at least in some environments and for some applications, is explored. Results of a benchmarking experiment confirm the benefits of this alternative.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
How visualization applications drive tool selection: one product can't do it all
Authors: D. Prawel, M. Brown, C. Harris, R. Kriz, M. Vigil
Published at Vis, 1991

This paper looks at the role visualization and visual data analysis play in the technical community. It focuses on the premise that the wide variety of applications of visualization mandate a need for a variety of visualization software packages.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Image handling in a multi-vendor environment
Authors: David R. Nadeau, T. Todd Elvins, Michael J. Bailey
Published at Vis, 1991

Software developed to deal with differing image file formats, mismatched byte order and word sizes, and confusing hardcopy device interfaces is described. The SDSC Image Tool suite provides a simple, extensible, and portable mechanism for the support of a variety of common image formats so that tool-writers can concentrate on the task in hand, rather than on the quirks of a particular image file format. Users of such tools are able to work with images generated from a variety of sources, without being restricted to an arbitrary standard format. The SDSC Visualization Printing suite creates a unified view of hardcopy devices.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
In vivo blood flow visualization with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Guang-Zhong Yang, Peter Burger, Philip J. Kilner, Raad Mohiaddin
Published at Vis, 1991

Blood movement investigated by magnetic resonance (MR) velocity mapping is generally presented in the form of velocity components in one or more chosen velocity encoding directions. By viewing these components separately, it is difficult for MR practitioners to conceptualize and comprehend the underlying flow structures, especially when the image data have strong background noise. A flow visualization technique that adapts the idea of particle tracing used in classical fluid dynamics for visualizing flow is presented. The flow image processing relies on the strong correlation between the principal flow direction estimated from the distribution of the modulus of the velocity field and the direction derived from the raw image data. By correlation calculation, severe background noise can be eliminated. Flow pattern rendering and animation provide an efficient way for representing internal flow structures.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Integration of visualization and scientific calculation in a software system
Authors: Ulrich Lang 0002, Ruth E. Lang, Roland Rühle
Published at Vis, 1991

The problems and advantages of integrating scientific computations and visualization into one common program system are examined. An important point is the direct feedback of information from the visualization into an ongoing simulation. Some strong and weak points of the varying approaches in different software packages are shown. The visualization component of the authors' program system and the advantages of its integration into the overall system are explained. The weak points in their system and the work remaining to deal with them are described.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Interactive data exploration with a supercomputer
Authors: Stuart Smith, Georges G. Grinstein, R. Daniel Bergeron
Published at Vis, 1991

An experiment in exploratory data visualization using a massively parallel processor is described. In exploratory data visualization, it is typically not known what is being looked for: instead, the data are explored with a variety of visualization techniques that can illuminate its nature by demonstrating patterns in it. With this approach, the authors were able to find new features in some of their oldest datasets and to create more vivid presentations of familiar features in these datasets. Their experience has also led to a better understanding of the nature of the exploratory visualization and has resulted in some formal representations of the interaction process in this environment.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Interactive data visualization using focusing and linking
Authors: Andreas Buja, John Alan McDonald, J. Michalak, Werner Stuetzle
Published at Vis, 1991

Two basic principles for interactive visualization of high-dimensional data-focusing and linking-are discussed. Focusing techniques may involve selecting subsets, dimension reduction, or some more general manipulation of the layout information on the page or screen. A consequent of focusing is that each view only conveys partial information about the data and needs to be linked so that the information contained in individual views can be integrated into a coherent image of the data as a whole. Examples are given of how graphical data analysis methods based on focusing and linking are used in applications including linguistics, geographic information systems, time series analysis, and the analysis of multi-channel images arising in radiology and remote sensing.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Multi-valued volumetric visualization
Authors: Thomas A. Foley, David A. Lane
Published at Vis, 1991

Effective methods for visualizing several sets of volumetric data simultaneously are presented. The methods involve the composition of multiple volumetric rendering techniques. These techniques include contour curves, color-blended contour regions, projection graphs on surfaces, isovalue surface construction, and hypersurface projection graphs.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Multidimensional real time visualization on personal computers
Authors: Quentin E. Dolecek
Published at Vis, 1991

A low-cost, high-performance visualization tool based on the IBM PC is described. Characteristics of scientific and engineering visualization and requirements for real time analysis are discussed. Application programming without coding by use of flowgraphs is also presented.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Multimedia environments for scientists
Authors: Meera M. Blattner, Georges Grinstein, Ephraim P. Glinert, William Hill, Creon Levit, Stuart Smith
Published at Vis, 1991

This paper addresses the question of how the work of the scientist will change in the new multimedia environments. Scenarios for the process of simulating and analyzing data in such environments are constructed, and some of the underlying models used in their construction are examined.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
NetV: an experimental network-based volume visualization system
Authors: T. Todd Elvins, David R. Nadeau
Published at Vis, 1991

An experimental volume visualization system, NetV, that distributes volume imaging tasks to appropriate network resources is described. NetV gives offsite scientists easy access to high-end volume imaging software and hardware. The system allows a user to submit volume imaging jobs to an imaging spooler on a visualization-server. Remote high-power compute engines process rendering tasks, while local workstations run the user-interface. The time required to submit a job, render the job on a mini-supercomputer-class machine, and return the volume imaging to the offsite scientist is far less than the time it would take to create a similar image on a local workstation-class machine.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Realistic volume imaging
Authors: Roni Yagel, Arie E. Kaufman, Qiang Zhang
Published at Vis, 1991

A set of volume visualization tools that are based on the use of recursive ray tracing as the primary vehicle for realistic volume imaging is presented. The tools include shadows, mirrors, specularity, and constructive solid geometry. The underlying representation for the ray tracer is a 3-D raster of voxels that holds the discrete form of the scene. Unlike traditional volume rendering techniques, the discrete recursive ray tracer models many illumination phenomena by traversing discrete rays in voxel space. The approach provides true ray tracing of sampled or computed datasets, as well as ray tracing of hybrid scenes where sampled or computed data are intermixed with geometric models and enhances the understanding of complex biomedical datasets.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;
Remote visualization: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Guru M. Parulkar, Jack Bowie, Hans-Werner Braun, Roch Guerin, Daniel Stevenson
Published at Vis, 1991

This paper emphasizes the need for and importance of remote visualization. The potential impact of remote visualization on application algorithms, communication protocols, and underlying networks is assessed. Opportunities for research and development to support remote visualization in the context of the National Research and Education network are outlined.&lt;&lt;ETX&gt;&gt;