Question: What magazine did Norman publish his work in?
Answer: Scribner's Magazine

Question: Who were liberators of oppressed Balkan states?
Answer: The Russians

Question: Who did Norman say "turned her back"?
Answer: England

Question: What does Norman mean in the article when saying "Near East"?
Answer: the countries where "the eastern question" applied

Question: What is the rest of the Ottoman domain demoted to?
Answer: just "the east."

Question: "The East" refers to what?
Answer: The rest of the Ottoman domain

Question: What was William Miller's life span?
Answer: 1864–1945

Question: What was William Miller an expert on?
Answer: the Near East

Question: So to speak, what did William Miller do?
Answer: signed the death warrant, so to speak, of the Age of Empires

Question: Where did Miller attend school?
Answer: Oxford

Question: Miller's words were considered what?
Answer: fighting words

Question: It was considered Europe needed what country?
Answer: Turkey

Question: What was Miller citing?
Answer: the "collective wisdom" of Europe

Question: The Ottoman Empire had no choice but to develop their relationship with what country?
Answer: Austro-Hungarian Empire

Question: Who supported the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
Answer: the German Empire

Question: Who did the British Empire side with?
Answer: the Russian Empire

Question: The formation of the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance partly caused what?
Answer: World War I

Question: By what year were three empires gone? 
Answer: 1918

Question: What year was Arnold J toynbee becoming metaphysical about the Near East?
Answer: 1916

Question: Who was the Hegelesque historian of civilization?
Answer: Arnold J. Toynbee

Question: Arnold J Toynbee believed what?
Answer: Geography alone was not a sufficient explanation of the terms

Question: What was able to rise from the death of the Near East?
Answer: new nations

Question: What notable nation was able to rise from the ashes of the Near East?
Answer: the Republic of Turkey

Question: How did the Republic of Turkey align themselves?
Answer: with the west

Question: Who was the founder of the Republic of Turkey?
Answer: Mustafa Kemal

Question: Who was a former Ottoman high-ranking officer?
Answer: Mustafa Kemal

Question: When was the term middle east common as a noun and adjective?
Answer: the 19th century

Question: The middle east was not common in diplomacy and what other context?
Answer: archaeology

Question: Where did the "Far East" derive from? 
Answer: Ptolemy's "India Beyond the Ganges."

Question: Where did the Ottoman Empire end?
Answer: the eastern border of Iraq

Question: Why did archaeologists count Iran as "The Near East"?
Answer: because Old Persian cuneiform had been found there

Question: Where did the use of the term Middle East as a region of international affairs begin?
Answer: in British and American diplomatic circles

Question: What was Iran known as to the west?
Answer: Persia

Question: When did Thomas Edward Gordon publish "The Problem of the Middle East"?
Answer: 1900

Question: What article did Thomas Edward Gordon publish?
Answer: The Problem of the Middle East

Question: The problem of the Middle East was published by who?
Answer: Thomas Edward Gordon

Question: What threat caused Gordon to publish his article?
Answer: resumption of work on a railway

Question: Who was a diplomat and military officer?
Answer: Gordon

Question: Who had not used the term middle east previously in publications?
Answer: Gordon

Question: Who was a member of American diplomatic and military circles?
Answer: Alfred Thayer Mahan

Question: What was Alfred Thayer Mahan concerned about?
Answer: the naval vulnerability of the trade routes

Question: When did Alfred Thayer Mahan comment on the trade routes?
Answer: 1902

Question: Who did not connect with the soldier?
Answer: the sailor

Question: What did Mahan believe he was innovating?
Answer: the term Middle East

Question: What had already been there to be seen?
Answer: the term Middle East

Question: The Near East and the Middle East coexisted until what period?
Answer: the period following World War I

Question: Who was the colonial officer killed in China?
Answer: Bertram Lenox Simpson

Question: Who wrote the 1910 book 'The Conflict of Color'?
Answer: Bertram Lenox Simpson

Question: What was Simpson's pen-name?
Answer: Weale

Question: What is the basis of Simpson's unity?
Answer: color and colonial subjection

Question: The great whites were appearing as late as what time?
Answer: the 1920s

Question: In whose works were the great whites appearing?
Answer: James Henry Breasted

Question: What was mainly of interest in America?
Answer: A red wavelength

Question: These regions were occupied by who?
Answer: the brown men

Question: Where where the yellow?
Answer: the Far East

Question: Where were the black?
Answer: Africa

Question: When did Kenya become independent?
Answer: 1963

Question: The color issue was not settled until when?
Answer: Kenya became independent

Question: The Ottomans were portrayed as what?
Answer: the slavers

Question: Who is known as the saint of all British colonial officers?
Answer: Charles George Gordon

Question: What did Charles George Gordon spend his time between?
Answer: assignments living among the poor and donating his salary

Question: When did he win Ottoman confidence?
Answer: as a junior officer in the Crimean War

Question: What did he become in his later career?
Answer: a high official in the Ottoman Empire

Question: When did the term "Near and Middle East" hold stage?
Answer: a few years before World War I

Question: What proved to be less acceptable to a colonial point of view?
Answer: The term "Near and Middle East,"

Question: When did Captain T.C. Fowle write of a trip he had taken from Karachi to Syria?
Answer: 1916

Question: Who were the 40th Pathans?
Answer: (troops of British India

Question: In the book Fowle wrote, what is the entire region considered?
Answer: "the Middle East.

Question: What prevailed with the disgrace of "Near East"?
Answer: "Middle East"

Question: What continues in some circles at the discretion of the defining agency or academic department?
Answer: Near East

Question: What term was disgraced in diplomatic and military circles?
Answer: Near East

Question: What sentiment persists even though racial and colonial definitions of the Middle East are no longer ideologically sound?
Answer: sentiment of unity

Question: What definitions of the Middle East are no longer ideologically sound?
Answer: racial and colonial definitions

Question: What are racial and colonial definitions of the Middle East considered?
Answer: no longer considered ideologically sound

Question: When were terms such as "Near East", "Far East", and "Middle East" relegated to the experts?
Answer: the 20th century

Question: Where did the new wave of diplomats often come from?
Answer: the new field of political science

Question: Where did archaeology on the international scene fall into?
Answer: the shadow of international relations

Question: What replaced the fallen empires of the 19th century?
Answer: independent republics

Question: What is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East?
Answer: The United States

Question: What has the state department been most influential in promulgating?
Answer: the Near Eastern regional system

Question: Who has abandoned the term Near East?
Answer: The countries of the former empires of the 19th century

Question: The Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs is a division of what?
Answer: the United States Department of State

Question: What is perhaps the most influential agency to still use the term Near East?
Answer: The Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs

Question: Secretary Clinton also calls the implementation of official diplomacy of the United States what?
Answer: statecraft