Question: In heavy metal, riffs typically form what element of a song?
Answer: stand-alone melodies

Question: Led Zeppelin's first two albums both came out in what year?
Answer: 1969

Question: What was the title of Deep Purple's hard rock 1970 album?
Answer: In Rock

Question: Black Sabbath's lyrics contained references to what cultural touchstones?
Answer: occult and elements of Gothic horror

Question: What is the title of Black Sabbath's 1970 album?
Answer: Paranoid

Question: What is one band directly influenced by Black Sabbath?
Answer: Judas Priest

Question: What two genres made inroads on hard rock in the 1970s?
Answer: disco in the US and punk rock in the UK

Question: What punk band's songs rarely exceeded two minutes in length?
Answer: The Ramones

Question: What were three midwestern hard rock bands?
Answer: Kansas, REO Speedwagon and Styx

Question: What city was Van Halen originally from?
Answer: Los Angeles

Question: Which Van Halen instrumental showcased the guitar mastery of Eddie Van Halen?
Answer: "Eruption"

Question: How many copies did Whitesnake's 1987 self title album sell?
Answer: 17 million

Question: What was the title of Aerosmith's 1987 comeback album?
Answer: Permanent Vacation

Question: Def Leppard's album Hysteria churned out how many hit singles?
Answer: seven

Question: What Guns N Roses album was the second best selling debut of all time?
Answer: Appetite for Destruction

Question: What Guns N Roses song became a number one single?
Answer: "Sweet Child O' Mine"

Question: What hard rock supergroup contained members of Soundgarden and Rage Against the Machine?
Answer: Audioslave

Question: What was the title of Bon Jovi's 2000 hit single?
Answer: "It's My Life"

Question: What band released an album called Stiff Upper Lip in 2000?
Answer: AC/DC

Question: Who was the lead singer of Stone Temple Pilots?
Answer: Scott Weiland

Question: What was Guns N Roses long delayed 2008 album called?
Answer: Chinese Democracy

Question: what is the name of the region east of the Rocky Mountains?
Answer: "Great Plains

Question: who brought the term great plains into widespread usage?
Answer: Nevin Fenneman's

Question: what year was Nevin Fenneman's study?
Answer: 1916

Question: what was theregion called before "the great plans"? 
Answer: the High Plains

Question: what type of land is much of the great plans?
Answer: open range

Question: when did ranchers usually have a cattle round up?
Answer: spring and fall

Question: in a cattle round up, what did ranchers do to the new calves?
Answer: branded

Question: from 1866-95 about how many cattle did cowboys herd?
Answer: 10 million

Question: who was the spanish conquistador who had encounters with europeans and native americans?
Answer: Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

Question: who crossed a section of oklahoma and texas?
Answer: Hernando de Soto

Question: what is the section of oklahoma and texas that  Hernando de Soto traveled?
Answer: the De Soto Trail

Question: who thought the great plains were the locations of Quivira and Cíbola?
Answer: The Spanish

Question: what did the spanish think the cities of Quivira and Cíbola were rich in?
Answer: gold

Question: what is the name of the line that divides the great plains?
Answer: The 100th meridian

Question: about how much rainfall does the great plains get per year?
Answer: 20 inches

Question: what do high winds in the area sometimes cause?
Answer: dust storms

Question: what type of climate does the eastern great plains fall into?
Answer: humid subtropical climate

Question: after about what year did railroads bring hunters to the great plains?
Answer: 1870

Question: what animal did hunters kill off for their hides?
Answer: bison

Question: what farmers rushed in to settle the land with the help of the railroads?
Answer: European farmers

Question: what did the railroads offer the farmers that rushed in to settle the area?
Answer: packages of land and transportation

Question: how much of the population have the rural plains lost since 1920? 
Answer: a third

Question: who declated the American frontier "closed" in 1893?
Answer: Frederick Jackson Turner

Question: how many ghost towns are in the state of Kansas?
Answer: more than 6,000

Question: how much prarie land does the "Buffalo Commons" want to return?
Answer: 139,000 square miles

Question: who usually organized shared meals and potluck events?
Answer: Women

Question: around when did the great plains become productive for crop growing
Answer: 1950s

Question: what is the large underground layer of water in the great plains called?
Answer: Ogallala Aquifer

Question: what type of irrigation is used in the great plains?
Answer: Center pivot irrigation

Question: what is the great plains?
Answer: broad expanse of flat land

Question: where does the great plains lie?
Answer: west of the Mississippi River

Question: what is the region known for?
Answer: extensive cattle ranching

Question: who is the North American Environmental Atlas made by?
Answer: Commission for Environmental Cooperation

Question: what countries is the Commission for Environmental Cooperation made up of?
Answer: Mexican, American, and Canadian governments

Question: what mainly opened the great plains for settlement?
Answer: railroads

Question: what did the railroads make it easy to do?
Answer: ship wheat and other crops

Question: who did the railroads sell cheap lands to?
Answer: immigrants

Question: who two new technologies were introducted in the 1930s?
Answer: sewing and washing machines

Question: about how long ago did the climate become favorable?
Answer: about 25 million years ago

Question: what animals did the grasslands provide a new home for?
Answer: mammals

Question: what diet did the mammals switch to from browsing diets?
Answer: grazing diets

Question: the spread of grasslands and what have been strongly linked?
Answer: development of grazers

Question: when did the US pass the Homestead ACt?
Answer: 1862

Question: how much land did the Homestead Act allow a person to claim?
Answer: up to 160 acres

Question: how long did the person have to live on the land?
Answer: five years

Question: when was the Kinkaid Act brought about? 
Answer: 1904

Question: the dominion act was passed in what year
Answer: 1871

Question: What technology is used by night-vision devices?
Answer: active near-infrared illumination

Question: What discipline uses infrared telescopes to see through molecular clouds?
Answer: Infrared astronomy

Question: What color shift indicates that space objects date from the early days of the universe?
Answer: red

Question: What devices are used to observe insulated system heat loss?
Answer: Infrared thermal-imaging cameras

Question: Along with industrial and medical, in what applications is infrared radiation used?
Answer: scientific

Question: At what wavelength does the human eye become significantly less sensitive to light?
Answer: 700 nm

Question: What sort of light is generated by IR lasers?
Answer: near-IR

Question: Up to what wavelength does the human eye perceive IR LED sources as red?
Answer: 780 nm

Question: Up to what wavelength does the human eye perceive certain intense lights as being dull red in color?
Answer: 1050 nm

Question: What objects are notably bright in near IR?
Answer: Leaves

Question: What is the term for the property that describes how a surface's thermal emissions deviate from the ideal of a black body?
Answer: emissivity

Question: How will the infrared image of an object with a higher emissivity appear in relation to one with lower emissivity?
Answer: hotter

Question: Along with pyrometers, what devices can receive inaccurate results if emissivity is not set correctly?
Answer: infrared cameras

Question: What is the technique that analyzes the constituent bonds of molecules to identify them?
Answer: Infrared vibrational spectroscopy