Question: What US court dismissed the Puerto Rican case for information crucial to their own investigation of Filiberto Ojeda Ríos's killing?
Answer: Supreme Court

Question: Adolescene is viewed as what?
Answer: a transitional period between childhood and adulthood

Question: A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on what?
Answer: information from various perspectives, including psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology.

Question: What is the purpose of adolescence?
Answer: preparation of children for adult roles.

Question: What is the cultural purpose of adolescence?
Answer: preparation of children for adult roles

Question: What is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood viewed as?
Answer: adolescence

Question: Is adolescence a period of one transition or multiple transitions?
Answer: multiple transitions

Question: What transitions occur during puberty in addition to living circumstances?
Answer: education, training, employment and unemployment

Question: Puberty causes what to happen in boys?
Answer: a deeper voice and larger adam's apple

Question: What releases testosterone?
Answer: The testes

Question: What releases estrogen?
Answer: the ovaries

Question: What causes gynecomastia?
Answer: obesity.

Question: What causes puberty? 
Answer: a surge in hormone production

Question: A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?
Answer: Puberty

Question: Which gland secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream?
Answer: pituitary

Question: Which part of the body releases testosterone in males?
Answer: testes

Question: Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?
Answer: ovaries

Question: An imbalance in sex hormones, tissue responsiveness, or obesity can cause what in boys?
Answer: gynecomastia

Question: How do a person's heart and lungs change during puberty?
Answer: increase in both size and capacity

Question: Increased size and capacity of the heart and lungs result in what changes to the body?
Answer: increased strength and tolerance for exercise

Question: Which sex tends to develop larger hearts and lungs?
Answer: males

Question: Which sex tends to have more red blood cells than the other?
Answer: males

Question: Which body system are a person's lungs a major proponent of?
Answer: respiratory

Question: Is a person's brain fully developed by the time they reach puberty?
Answer: not

Question: The biggest changes in the brain during puberty occur in the parts of the cortex that process what kinds of information?
Answer: cognitive and emotional

Question: The brain reaches 90% of its adult size by the time a person reaches what year of age?
Answer: six

Question: What parts of the brain continue to become more complex into the late teens?
Answer: creases

Question: The brain reaches what percentage of its adult size by the time a person is six years old?
Answer: 90%

Question: Which neuromodulator is involved in regulation of mood and behavior?
Answer: Serotonin

Question: Are the effects of serotonin limited to the limbic system?
Answer: not

Question: Serotonin is a neuromodulator that is involved in regulation of what?
Answer: mood and behavior

Question: Which system in the brain determines rewards and punishments, emotional experiences, and social information?
Answer: limbic

Question: Which two neurotransmitters cause adolescents to be more emotional and more responsive to rewards and stresses?
Answer: dopamine and serotonin

Question: Deductive reasoning leads to the development of what type of thinking?
Answer: hypothetical

Question: Are adolescents or children more bound to concrete events?
Answer: children

Question: What type of thinking provides the ability to plan ahead and makes adolescents more skilled debaters?
Answer: hypothetical

Question: Adolescents develop a more sophisticated understanding of what mathematical concept thanks to their increased hypothetical thinking abilties?
Answer: probability

Question: Are sexual actvity and risky behaviors more likely in boys that mature early or later?
Answer: early

Question: Increased aggresiveness and early sexual maturation in adolescent boys are due to a surge of what?
Answer: hormones

Question: Are early or late maturing boys generally taller and stronger than their friends?
Answer: Early

Question: What is one reason a late maturing boy may be less confident when comparing himself to others?
Answer: poor body image

Question: How is wisdom defined?
Answer: capacity for insight and judgment that is developed through experience

Question: Wisdom increases between age fourteen and what?
Answer: twenty-five

Question: Is wisdom the same thing as intelligence?
Answer: not

Question: Do adolescents perform significantly better on IQ tests than other age groups?
Answer: not

Question: What word is defined as the capacity for insight and judgement that is developed through experience?
Answer: Wisdom

Question: How is adolescence defined biologically?
Answer: the physical transition marked by the onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth

Question: How is adolescence defined cognitively?
Answer: changes in the ability to think abstractly and multi-dimensionally

Question: How is adolescence defined socially?
Answer: a period of preparation for adult roles

Question: Changes to sex organs, height, weight, and muscle mass are examples of which type of change?
Answer: biological

Question: Increases in knowledge and the ability to think abstractly are examples of which kind of change?
Answer: Cognitive

Question: Who founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institude of Human Development?
Answer: Jean Macfarlane

Question: What year was the University of California, Berkeley's Instutute of Human Development founded?
Answer: 1927

Question: What was the Univerity of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development formerly called?
Answer: Institute of Child Welfare

Question: What year was the Oakland Growth Study initiated?
Answer: 1931

Question: What year did data for the Oakland Growth Study stop being collected?
Answer: 1981

Question: What is a male's major landmark of puberty?
Answer: first ejaculation

Question: At what average age does a male's first ejaculation occur?
Answer: 13

Question: What is a female's major landmark of puberty?
Answer: menstruation

Question: Besides heredity, what other factors contribute to when menustration begins?
Answer: diet and lifestyle

Question: Do girls who are malnourished start menustrating earlier or later than those with high-fat diets?
Answer: later

Question: How can the ideal self be described in terms of the adolescent?
Answer: who the adolescent wishes to be

Question: How can the feared self be described in terms of the adolescent?
Answer: who the adolescent does not want to be

Question: Do adolescents demonstrate intended behavior moving towards the ideal or feared self?
Answer: ideal

Question: What term is the beginning of menstruation given?
Answer: Menarche

Question: How many years does regular ovulation follow menarche?
Answer: two years

Question: What are two areas of the reproductive system that experience growth in females during puberty?
Answer: uterus, vagina

Question: Do males or females appear physically mature before they are capable of reproduction?
Answer: females

Question: What activity often results in a boy's first ejaculation?
Answer: masturbation

Question: What are primary sex characteristics?
Answer: those directly related to the sex organs

Question: What does the first stage of puberty involve for males?
Answer: growth of the testes and scrotum

Question: After growth of the testes and scrotum, while male body part experiences growth next?
Answer: penis

Question: Which male body parts enlarge and develop at the same time as the penis?
Answer: seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland