Question: What ocean does Portugal border?
Answer: Atlantic Ocean

Question: What is the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union?
Answer: Portugal–Spain

Question: Who were the first inhabitants of Portugal?
Answer: The Celts and the Romans

Question: Which two groups followed the first inhabitants?
Answer: Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples

Question: By what year had Portugal established itself as an independent kingdom?
Answer: 1139

Question: What age did Portugal pioneer?
Answer: Age of Discovery

Question: In which centuries did Portugal establish the first global empire?
Answer: 15th and 16th centuries

Question: In Portugal, which city was destroyed in the 1755 earthquake?
Answer: Lisbon

Question: In which year did Brazel become independent?
Answer: 1822

Question: In which year was the Portugal monarchy deposed?
Answer: 1910

Question: Which Portugese colony was lost to China in 1999?
Answer: Macau

Question: How many Portugese speakers are there today?
Answer: 250 million

Question: From what name is Portugal derived?
Answer: Portus Cale

Question: By what group was the Portugal region settled?
Answer: Pre-Celts and Celts

Question: To what four peoples did the settlement of Portugal give rise?
Answer: Gallaeci, Lusitanians, Celtici and Cynetes

Question: During what years was the Portugal region incorporated in the Roman Republic?
Answer: 45 BC until 298 AD

Question: From what old Germanic word is Alenquer originate?
Answer: Alankerk

Question: In what year did Lusitania become a Roman province?
Answer: 27 BC

Question: What was the Northern province of Lusitania known as?
Answer: Gallaecia

Question: What are two large Roman sites that still exist today in Portugal?
Answer: Conímbriga and Mirobriga

Question: What are castros?
Answer: hill forts

Question: How far apart are Conimbriga and Coimbra?
Answer: 16 km

Question: How long did it take the Umayyad Caliphate to defeat the Visigoths?
Answer: a few months

Question: In what year did Portugal become a part of Umayyad Caliphate's empire?
Answer: 711

Question: In which year did Umayyad Caliphate's empire collapse?
Answer: 750

Question: Under whom did the Western part of Umayyad Caliphate's empire gain its independence?
Answer: Abd-ar-Rahman

Question: How long did it take the Emirate to become the Caliphate of Codoba?
Answer: almost two centuries

Question: What were the governors of the taifas called?
Answer: Emir

Question: Which which kingdoms did the taifas establish diplomatic relations?
Answer: the Christian kingdoms of the north

Question: To which taifa did most of Portugal fall into?
Answer: Taifa of Badajoz

Question: In which year did the taifa period end?
Answer: 1086

Question: Which battle took place in 1147?
Answer: Battle of Sagrajas

Question: What are converts to Islam called?
Answer: Muwallad or Muladi

Question: Who did the Arabs principally consist of?
Answer: noblemen from Oman

Question: Where were the Berbers originally from?
Answer: Atlas mountains and Rif mountains of North Africa

Question: In which region of Portugal did the Muslim population stay?
Answer: Algarve region, and south of the Tagus

Question: How many modern Portugese words have Arabic origins?
Answer: 800

Question: Who was the eldest son of Alfonso III and what did he become king of?
Answer: García, became king of León

Question: Who was the second son of Alfonso III and what did he become king of?
Answer: Ordoño, reigned in Galicia

Question: Who was Alfonso III's third son and what area did he receive?
Answer: Fruela, received Asturias with Oviedo as his capital

Question: In which year did Alfonso III likely die?
Answer: 910

Question: In which year was the Kingdom of Castile formed?
Answer: 1230

Question: Which years were plagued by the Black Death?
Answer: 1348 and 1349

Question: In 1373, Portugal made an alliance with which country?
Answer: England

Question: What is the longest standing alliance in the world?
Answer: Portugal made an alliance with England

Question: The Portugal-English alliance served as the predecessor to what?
Answer: NATO

Question: In which Portugese region is there still visible English influence?
Answer: Oporto region

Question: What European age did Portugal spearhead?
Answer: the Age of Discovery

Question: Who was the Father of Prince Henry the Navigator?
Answer: King João I

Question: Which three Atlantic archipelagos did Portugal discover?
Answer: Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde

Question: By which path did Portugal discover a route to India?
Answer: Cape of Good Hope

Question: What South American country did Portugal discover?
Answer: Brazil

Question: Did the King's confidence in de Melo increase or decrease?
Answer: increased

Question: What title was given to de Melo in 1755?
Answer: Prime Minister

Question: With whose economic success was de Melo impressed with?
Answer: British

Question: Who abolished slavery in Portugal?
Answer: Sebastião de Melo

Question: Who ended discrimination against difference Christian sects in Portugal?
Answer: Sebastião de Melo

Question: What were de Melo's greatest reforms?
Answer: economic and financial

Question: Why did e Melo demarcate the region for production of Port?
Answer: to ensure the wine's quality

Question: Among which class did de Melo's reforms gain him the most enemies?
Answer: especially among the high nobility

Question: Who was the first person to try to ensure the wine's quality in Portugal?
Answer: Sebastião de Melo

Question: Did de Melo impose strict laws only on one class of people?
Answer: upon all classes of Portuguese society from the high nobility to the poorest working class

Question: Until when did the Portuguese government resist decolonization of their overseas territories?
Answer: April 1974

Question: What was the Carnation Revolution?
Answer: left-wing military coup in Lisbon

Question: By what was the PREC characterized by?
Answer: social turmoil and power disputes between left- and right-wing political forces

Question: What entity governed Portugal until 1976?
Answer: Junta de Salvação Nacional

Question: Which party won the Portuguese election in 1976?
Answer: Socialist Party

Question: Who became the Prime Minister of Portugal in 1976?
Answer: Mário Soares

Question: Through what years was Mario Soares the Portuguese Prime Minister?
Answer: 1976 to 1978 and again from 1983 to 1985

Question: Between which two political ideals did Portugal bounce between?
Answer: socialism and adherence to the neoliberal model

Question: In what year was the Portuguese Constitution approved?
Answer: 1976

Question: For what reasons were the Portuguese Constitution rewritten?
Answer: to accommodate socialist and communist principles

Question: What type of climate does Portugal have?
Answer: Mediterranean

Question: In the mountainous interior north of Portugal, between what degrees is the average temperature?
Answer: 8–12 °C (46.4–53.6 °F)

Question: In the south of Portugal and on the Guadiana river basin, between what degrees does the average temperature fluctuate?
Answer: 16–19 °C (60.8–66.2 °F)

Question: How high do the mountains between Algarve and the Alentejo region reach?
Answer: 900 metres (3,000 ft)

Question: What type of climate do the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have?
Answer: subtropical

Question: What makes weather predictions difficult in the archipelago region?
Answer: rough topography

Question: What type of climate does the island of the Azores have?
Answer: Mediterranean

Question: What two types of forests can be found in Geres?
Answer: deciduous and coniferous

Question: To what period does the laurissilva forest date back to?
Answer: the Tertiary period

Question: What type of oak tree is colonizing many abandoned areas in Portugal?
Answer: Pyrenean

Question: What wild animal was recently found roaming urban areas in Portugal?
Answer: Boars

Question: How many national parks does Portugal have?
Answer: 12