Question: Which vitamin are the bacteria present in the gut responsible for producing?
Answer: vitamin B12

Question: What role specifically in digestion do bacteria in the gut have?
Answer: breaking down and aiding in the absorption of otherwise indigestible food

Question: Where could one find a large population of gut flora?
Answer: Animal intestines

Question: Heart disease and obesity are examples of what kind of disease?
Answer: "Western" diseases

Question: In which country was a study about the presence of cancer and heart disease in different regions done?
Answer: China

Question: How much of an increase in presence of "Western" diseases was there in communities that primarily had animal - based diets as opposed to vegetable diets?
Answer: 100-fold

Question: Other than meat, what else is lacking from the people in China's diet compared to diets from the Western world?
Answer: dairy

Question: What disease was said to possibly be the result of diets that are high in meat and dairy products?
Answer: cancers

Question: Who released a guideline that recommends that people follow a whole plant food diet?
Answer: United Healthcare/Pacificare

Question: Which magazine also recommended that people follow a whole plant food diet?
Answer: National Geographic

Question: In which year was there a cover article on the National Geographic regarding diet recommendations?
Answer: 2005

Question: How many populations were studied and surveyed for the cover article?
Answer: three

Question: Other than fruits and vegetables, what other product was highly recommended to be a part of a healthy diet?
Answer: whole grains

Question: Other than nitrogen, what other element varies greatly between a carnivore and herbivore diet?
Answer: carbon

Question: What percentage of nitrogen content is generally found in fungi?
Answer: 5% to 10%

Question: What process of breaking down cellulose do herbivores rely on for their essential nutrients?
Answer: bacterial fermentation

Question: Other than sugar and fiber, what else are carbohydrates consisted of?
Answer: starch

Question: Where can fatty acids be found?
Answer: lipids

Question: Through what part of the body are nutrients transported to feed cells?
Answer: bloodstream

Question: In which specific circumstance is the digestive system not the first system involved in nutrient processing?
Answer: unborn fetus

Question: What is able to break bonds in ingested molecules?
Answer: Digestive juices

Question: Molecules that are released from ingested foods are done so through which process?
Answer: digestive processes

Question: Through which manner are unabsorbed matter and waste products excreted?
Answer: feces

Question: What needs to be compared to the waste products from humans to determine what is absorbed in the body?
Answer: food

Question: It is important to examine both the feces and what other excrement when studying absorption?
Answer: urine

Question: Other than time consuming, what else are nutritional studies due to their length and variable count?
Answer: expensive

Question: At which rate is the science behind nutrition continuing to evolve?
Answer: slowly

Question: How do plants absorb essential elements that are present in the soil?
Answer: through their roots

Question: Having leaves allows plants to absorb nutrients through which medium?
Answer: air

Question: What is the process that plants undergo in order to obtain carbohydrates?
Answer: photosynthesis

Question: What is the process called in which plants gather nutrients from the soil around their roots?
Answer: cation exchange

Question: What part of the leaf in a plant takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen?
Answer: stomata

Question: What can environmental depletion lead to?
Answer: crucial nutrition-related health problems

Question: Other than malnutrition and a spread of disease, what is an example of a health problem that arose due to environmental depletion?
Answer: contamination

Question: Other than industrial chemicals, what other industry discharges chemicals that can contaminate the environment?
Answer: agricultural

Question: The release and contamination of the environment affects what important system other than the human race?
Answer: the ecosystem

Question: If people's nutritional status and health changes, what could this affect in their daily routine?
Answer: diet habits

Question: What is the abbreviation for licensed dietitians in the US?
Answer: LD

Question: Who do dietitians have to register with other than the American Dietetic Association in order to be recognized as such in the US?
Answer: Commission for Dietetic Registration

Question: Which specific term is unregulated but still oft associated with professionals when it comes to food and diets?
Answer: nutritionist

Question: Which state has started to regulate the word "nutritionist"?
Answer: Florida

Question: What are restaurants and food manufacturers required to follow in order to assist consumers looking to follow dietary guidelines?
Answer: disclosure/labeling requirements

Question: Nutritional standards and recommendations are produced by a joint effort between the US Department of Agriculture and which other department?
Answer: US Department of Health and Human Services

Question: Who releases guidelines that revolve around diet and physical activity recommendations?
Answer: USDA

Question: What is the name of the concept that has replaced the food pyramid?
Answer: MyPlate

Question: The USDA's effort sand actions are overseen by which governmental committee?
Answer: Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Committee

Question: On which channel are committee meetings often shown?
Answer: C-SPAN

Question: What is the goal of Smart Bodies?
Answer: to promote nutrition literacy

Question: Smart Bodies is an example of an initiative that was started by what level of government?
Answer: state

Question: The Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Foundation joined together with which University to help develop Smart Bodies?
Answer: Louisiana State Agricultural Center

Question: When was the Smart Bodies initiative first released?
Answer: 2005

Question: What does the initiative specifically target?
Answer: childhood obesity

Question: In England and which other country is there a curricula that revolves around nutritional education?
Answer: Wales

Question: What is the official name of the curricula that promotes nutritional education in schools?
Answer: Personal and Social Education and Food Technology curricula

Question: What does FCS stand for?
Answer: Family and Consumer Science

Question: Aside from dieting and general nutritional information, what else does the curricula in England and Wales aim to teach students?
Answer: how to read nutrition labels on packaging

Question: In which type of school are kids required to take a number of health related courses?
Answer: American

Question: In which country were there no specific nutritional literacy studies on a national level that could be found?
Answer: U.S.

Question: What does the abbreviation NAAL represent?
Answer: National Assessment of Adult Literacy

Question: How many Americans were found to have intermediate health literacy?
Answer: 44%

Question: What percentage of Americans fell below the basics of health literacy?
Answer: 14

Question: People who had a lower health literacy rate were found to be living below what standard?
Answer: level of poverty

Question: What percentage of people were were found to have a high likelihood of low literacy skills in the Mississippi Delta region?
Answer: 52

Question: What primary difference was there between the NAAL and Delta study that made comparisons difficult?
Answer: methodological differences

Question: Who was the main author of the study that suggested that the Mississippi Delta study identified a problem of health literacy?
Answer: Zoellner