Question: What are groups other than blacks considered to be?
Answer: less threatening to whites

Question: Who says genetic tests can't tell the difference between different Native American nations?
Answer: Geneticists

Question: What are geneticists looking for?
Answer: the pattern of markers

Question: What is there genetic evidence of?
Answer: three major migrations into North America

Question: How do some mixed raced people feel?
Answer: marginalized by U.S. society

Question: How many racial choices are there on standardized tests?
Answer: Typically, about five race choices

Question: How many race choices may someone check?
Answer: only one

Question: What does the "other" box do?
Answer: groups together individuals of many different multiracial types

Question: When do mixed race individuals feel marginalized?
Answer: when applying to schools or for a job

Question: What usually played a larger role than laws regarding a person's race?
Answer: social acceptance

Question: Where did people not ask about racial background?
Answer: frontier areas

Question: What were the hallmarks of free citizens?
Answer: they served in the militia and voted

Question: Whos acceptance decided inheritance issues?
Answer: neighbors

Question: The President's father is from what country?
Answer: Kenya

Question: What community still has some effects of slavery?
Answer: American slave descendant community

Question: What must Africans who recently immigrated do?
Answer: recognize their own unique ancestral backgrounds

Question: Who argue for a term other than African American to describe recent immigrants?
Answer: some black writers

Question: When did multiracial people start to organize for more inclusive racial identifiers?
Answer: In the 1980s

Question: What was the response to the idea of identifying people as biracial or multiracial?
Answer: mostly negative

Question: What could have cause loss of power via the use of the term biracial and multiracial?
Answer: if African Americans reduced their numbers by self-identification

Question: Who are some of the opponents of biracial and multiracial as identifiers?
Answer: Congresswoman Diane Watson and Congressman Augustus Hawkins

Question: What determined a child's social identity?
Answer: the tribe's kinship system

Question: What heritage system do Southeast tribes use?
Answer: matrilineal

Question: What were multiracial children with a tribal mother considered to be in tribes of the Southeast?
Answer: Indian

Question: What race did the Omaha view a multiracial child with a white father to be?
Answer: white

Question: How could a white child be considered a member of the Omaha tribe?
Answer: if adopted by a man

Question: Who was a doctor?
Answer: Charles Eastman

Question: Who did the relative of the doctor marry?
Answer: Sioux woman

Question: Who was the doctor related to?
Answer: Seth Eastman

Question: Who met their husbands at the Hampton institute?
Answer: three European-American middle-class female teachers

Question: What tribe was Eastman related to?
Answer: Sioux

Question: Who said many African Americans have NAtive American heritage?
Answer: Sherrel W. Stewart

Question: Who disproved Sherrel's hypothesis?
Answer: genetic researchers who have done extensive population mapping studies

Question: Who hosts a TV series on the genetic history of African Americans?
Answer: Henry Louis Gates

Question: What jobs did the earliest Europeans who mingled with natives hold?
Answer: explorers and soldiers

Question: Who started marrying or having unions with native women after settlment increased?
Answer: traders and fur trappers

Question: Why did Chesapeake Bay colonists begin to buy slaves?
Answer: a continuing, critical labor shortage

Question: Who first imported slaves to New York?
Answer: the Dutch

Question: Who freed some of the early slaves?
Answer: their masters

Question: President Thomas Jefferson had a relationship with who?
Answer: Sally Hemings

Question: What was the name of the Smithsonian-Monticello exhibit that discussed their relationship?
Answer: Slavery at Monticello: The Paradox of Liberty

Question: How long were Jefferson and Hemmings in a relationship?
Answer: nearly 40 years

Question: Which child of Jefferson identified as black?
Answer: Madison Hemings

Question: How much of the children of Jefferson and Hemmings were white?
Answer: Seven-eighths

Question: As an example, whose status was downgraded after the civil war?
Answer: traditionally free people of color in Louisiana

Question: Who were increasingly included as African Americans in the 20th century?
Answer: people of any portion of African descent

Question: Where did most Chinese men enter the US?
Answer: primarily on the West Coast and in western territories

Question: Who imported Chinese laborers?
Answer: white planters

Question: What cause wives to be unable to move to the US with their Chinese husbands after 1882?
Answer: the Chinese Exclusion Act

Question: What did racial bias generally mean for Chinese people?
Answer: they did not take white spouses

Question: What did Chinese laborers do after they left that line of work?
Answer: set up groceries in small towns throughout the South

Question: What office is responsible for the census form changes?
Answer: the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

Question: When did the OMB change racial guidelines for the census form?
Answer: 1997

Question: What did the OMB vote to allow on the 2000 census?
Answer: participants to select more than one of the six available categories

Question: When were the OMB racial directive made mandatory for every government form?
Answer: 2003

Question: What was the result of a child having an African mother?
Answer: born into slavery

Question: What is the rule that allows children with white fathers to be slaves?
Answer: partus sequitur ventrem

Question: Who was the first African American to gradute from Vassar College?
Answer: Anita Florence Hemmings

Question: What makes a person mulatto?
Answer: parents were black and white

Question: What does a person have to have to be an octoroon?
Answer: one black great-grandparent and the remainder white

Question: Why did Steele think people were not attacking Barrack Obama?
Answer: Because he has no slave blood in him

Question: What does Condoleeza Rice prefer to term people as?
Answer: "black" or "white"

Question: What did President Sarkozy think Secretary of State Rice was?
Answer: recent American immigrant

Question: Who is Charles Kenzie Steele Jr?
Answer: CEO of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Question: Why did Steele say what he did?
Answer: to be "provocative"

Question: When was the wedding of Rolfe and Pocahontas?
Answer: April 5, 1614

Question: What did English laws not exclude people with some native blood from being?
Answer: considered English or white

Question: Who married Indigenous women early on?
Answer: male settlers

Question: Where did Rolfe marry Pocahontas?
Answer: present-day Virginia

Question: Who was an ancestor of the First Families of Virginia?
Answer: Thomas Rolfe

Question: What has helped geneologists researching slaves?
Answer: Colonial records of French and Spanish slave ships and sales, and plantation records in all the former colonies

Question: What were slaves usually not allowed to do?
Answer: learn to read and write

Question: What replaced written records for black families?
Answer: oral histories

Question: Who caused the Census Burea to drop the terms free people of color and mulatto?
Answer: Southern Congressional bloc

Question: When were the terms mulatto and free people of color taken off the census?
Answer: 1930

Question: Who did colonists ask for help in returning runaway slaves?
Answer: Indigenous American tribes

Question: When was a treaty with the Iroquis made to return slaves?
Answer: 1726