Question: What is the rate of subsidies of cotton growers in the US?
Answer: $2 billion per year

Question: What country provides the highest rate of support for cotton growers?
Answer: China

Question: Which former colonies still have tight monopolies on cotton brokering?
Answer: French

Question: Where in Africa is it possible to buy out brokerages in cotton?
Answer: former British colonies

Question: What was Brazil's argument against the US cotton industry?
Answer: heavily subsidized

Question: What are the African countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Mali referred to as in the cotton industry?
Answer: Cotton-4

Question: What has the Cotton-4 been in regards to the US cotton subsidies?
Answer: leading protagonist

Question: What could the US do that would please the foreign cotton industry concerning cotton subsidies?
Answer: reduction

Question: What organization has Brazil tried to use to curb US cotton subsidies?
Answer: WTO's Dispute Settlement Mechanism

Question: What type of labor have some countries come under fire for employing?
Answer: child

Question: What usage that causes worker damage have some countries been reported doing? 
Answer: exposure to pesticides

Question: What country has been accused of forced child and adult labor?
Answer: Uzbekistan

Question: Where does Uzbekistan rank as a cotton exporter?
Answer: third largest

Question: What system was started in 2005 to deal with organic and ethically produced products?
Answer: fair trade

Question: What is the final sequencing goal of sequencing diploid cotton genomes first ?
Answer: tetraploid cotton

Question: What type of cotton has two separate genomes within its nucleus? 
Answer: Tetraploid

Question: When did a group of researchers decide to sequence the genomic structure of tetraploid cotton?
Answer: 2007

Question: What type of genome must be sequenced first to prevent confusion before the tetraploid form?
Answer: diploid

Question: In order to understand the tetraploid forms, what must be used as a comparison in cotton gene sequencing?
Answer: diploid counterparts

Question: What companies finished much of the sequencing of the D genome?
Answer: Monsanto and Illumina

Question: When was the sequencing of D genome of G.  raimondii mostly completed?
Answer: 2010

Question: What did Monsanto and Illumina say they would do with the research?
Answer: donate

Question: What is the seeming result of donating genetic cotton sequencing to the public?
Answer: public relations

Question: What plants are the goal of sequencing wild forms of cotton?
Answer: cultivated varieties

Question: What involves encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation?
Answer: data compression

Question: What can be either lossy or lossless?
Answer: Compression

Question: What reduces bits by identifying and eliminating statistical redundancy? 
Answer: Lossless compression

Question: What is the process called of reducing the size of a data file?
Answer: data compression

Question: What is the process called of encoding at the source of the data before it's processed?
Answer: source coding

Question: What helps reduce resource usage?
Answer: Compression

Question: What must be decompressed? 
Answer: compressed data

Question: What is subject to a space-time complexity trade off? 
Answer: Data compression

Question: What type of scheme involves trade offs among other things?
Answer: data compression

Question: What usually exploits statistical redundancy?
Answer: Lossless data compression algorithms

Question: What represents statistical redundancy?
Answer: Lossless compression

Question: What may have colors that do not change over several pixels?
Answer: an image

Question: What compression methods are among the most popular?
Answer: Lempel–Ziv (LZ)

Question: What is used in PKZIP, Gzip and PNG?
Answer: DEFLATE

Question: What serves as the basis of the Zip method?
Answer: LZR

Question: What is a current LZ based coding scheme that does well?
Answer: Brotli

Question: What is used in Microsoft's CAB format?
Answer: LZX

Question: What can be paired with an algorithm called arithmetic coding?
Answer: statistical estimates

Question: What can achieve superior compression?
Answer: Arithmetic coding

Question: What uses an internal memory state?
Answer: Huffman algorithm

Question: What type of data compression is the converse of lossless date data compression?
Answer: Lossy

Question: What can save storage space?
Answer: Dropping nonessential detail from the data source

Question: What helps by eliminating off nonessential bits of information?
Answer: JPEG image compression

Question: What is used for CD ripping?
Answer: audio compression

Question: What methods are used to remove non-audible components of audio signals?
Answer: psychoacoustics

Question: What compression is usually performed with even more specialized techniques?
Answer: human speech

Question: What is used in internet telephony? 
Answer: Voice compression

Question: What is encoded by audio players?
Answer: audio compression

Question: What is Machine learning closely related to?
Answer: compression

Question: What type of compressor can be used for prediction?
Answer: optimal

Question: What has been used as a benchmark for "general intelligence"?
Answer: data compression

Question: What can be looked at as a special case of data differencing? 
Answer: Data compression

Question: What is made up of producing a difference given a source and a target?
Answer: Data differencing

Question: What can classified as data differencing with empty source data?
Answer: data compression

Question: What has the potential to reduce the transmission bandwidth and storage requirements of audio data?
Answer: Audio data compression

Question: What is inserted in software as audio codecs?
Answer: Audio compression algorithms

Question: What compression algorithms provide higher compression at the cost of fidelity?
Answer: Lossy

Question: What produces a representation of digital data that decompresses?
Answer: Lossless audio compression

Question: What compression cannot attain high compression ratios?
Answer: Lossless

Question: What are around 50-60% of the original size?
Answer: Compression ratios

Question: What compression is used in a lot of applications?
Answer: Lossy

Question: What is used in most video DVDs?
Answer: digitally compressed audio streams

Question: What compression usually achieves far greater compression then lossless? 
Answer: Lossy

Question: What may be used to weight the importance of components?
Answer: Equal-loudness contours

Question: What are often called psychoacoustic models?
Answer: Models of the human ear-brain

Question: What is the process called when a signal is masked by another signal separated by time?
Answer: temporal masking

Question: What is the coding called that is used with speech?
Answer: linear predictive coding

Question: What is thought of as a basic perceptual coding technique?
Answer: linear predictive coding

Question: What uses a model of the sound's generator? 
Answer: source-based coders

Question: What results from methods used to encode and decode data?
Answer: Latency

Question: What analyzes a statement of data to boost performance?
Answer: codecs

Question: What creates segments called a "frame"?
Answer: codecs

Question: What refers to the number of samples that must be analysed before a block of audio is processed?
Answer: latency

Question: What has zero samples in a minimum case?
Answer: latency

Question: What often has low latencies?
Answer: LPC

Question: What varies with time?
Answer: voltage

Question: What has to be compressed in order to perform properly? 
Answer: data

Question: What does "A/D" stand for?
Answer: analog-to-digital

Question: What was published in the IEEE Journal in 1988?
Answer: literature compendium

Question: What did the literature compendium document?
Answer: finished, working audio coders