Question: Who did Richard II of England marry?
Answer: Anne of Bohemia

Question: Whose teachings did Jan Hus base his own on?
Answer: John Wycliffe

Question: What were the followers of Jan Hus called?
Answer: Hussites

Question: What conflict resulted from death of Jan Hus?
Answer: Hussite Wars

Question: Into what language did Martin Luther translate the Bible?
Answer: German

Question: What did Martin Luther post on the castle church of Wittenberg?
Answer: 95 theses

Question: In what year did Martin Luther post his 95 theses?
Answer: 1517

Question: What was Martin Luther's response when challenged to recant his heresy?
Answer: he refused

Question: Who acted as protector to Martin Luther when he was under the ban of the Empire?
Answer: Frederick the Wise

Question: What new form of accounting was created during the late 13th and early 14th centuries?
Answer: double-entry bookkeeping

Question: In which country did the so-called 'commercial revolution' primarily take place?
Answer: Italy

Question: What was the main benefit of the creation of new forms of partnerships during the commercial revolution?
Answer: reducing the risk of commercial ventures

Question: Laws against what lending practice were addressed by the creation of bills of exchange?
Answer: usury

Question: What were the benefits of the new system of double-entry bookkeeping?
Answer: better oversight and accuracy

Question: What privilege was granted to companies on a national level?
Answer: monopolies

Question: Which families financed the wars of kings?
Answer: the Fuggers in Germany, the Medicis in Italy, the de la Poles in England

Question: Which economic associations gained power in the towns?
Answer: guilds

Question: Where was Jacques Couer from?
Answer: France

Question: What caused the decrease in commerce and production in the 14th century?
Answer: demographic crisis

Question: What is the alternative to the theory that the Renaissance was a time of great opulence?
Answer: depression of the Renaissance

Question: What type of evidence is too incomplete for a decision to be made between the two theories of the Renaissance?
Answer: statistical

Question: What is posited as the cause of increased artistic output during the Renaissance?
Answer: greater opulence

Question: Which philosophy attempted to reconcile Aristotelian teachings and Christian theology in the 13th century?
Answer: Thomistic

Question: Where was the Condemnation of 1277 enacted?
Answer: University of Paris

Question: Which philosopher believed that reason and faith were to be kept separate?
Answer: William of Ockham

Question: What is the common name for William of Ockham's principle of parsimony?
Answer: Occam's razor

Question: On what types of ideas did the Condemnation of 1277 place restrictions?
Answer: heretical

Question: What did Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles?
Answer: the theory of impetus

Question: What school of scientific thought was challenged by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme?
Answer: Aristotelian

Question: What scientist is most associated with the heliocentric worldview?
Answer: Nicolaus Copernicus

Question: Which scholars made great advances in the theories of motion?
Answer: Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators

Question: Buridan's theory of impetus led to what modern concept?
Answer: inertia

Question: Who invented the movable printing press?
Answer: Gutenberg

Question: What religious movement was spurred by the invention of the printing press?
Answer: the Reformation

Question: Which inventions of the period had a great impact on everyday life?
Answer: eyeglasses and the weight-driven clock

Question: Which invention with military applications helped bring about the nation state?
Answer: gunpowder

Question: Advances in what construction trade helped to increase global navigation?
Answer: shipbuilding

Question: Who championed the scientific study of anatomy for the benefit of art?
Answer: Donatello

Question: Which artistic principle was innovated by Brunelleschi?
Answer: linear perspective

Question: Along with da Vinci, who were two other artists regarded as masters of the High Renaissance?
Answer: Michelangelo and Raphael

Question: What was achieved though the use of the scientific study of anatomy in the field of art?
Answer: Greater realism

Question: What did Donatello study that inspired sculptures?
Answer: classical models

Question: What was the focus of paintings in Italy?
Answer: idealized compositions

Question: Where was the focus of paintings on textures and surfaces?
Answer: the Netherlands

Question: What painter was an early champion of oil as a medium in painting?
Answer: Jan van Eyck

Question: Jan van Eyck's paintings are known for what characteristics?
Answer: great realism and minute detail

Question: Who wrote the Divine Comedy?
Answer: Dante Alighieri

Question: In what languages did Dante and Boccaccio create their works?
Answer: Latin as well as Italian

Question: Which dialect became the norm for the modern Italian language?
Answer: Tuscan

Question: What is one of Boccaccio's works that helped promote the Italian language?
Answer: Decameron

Question: Whose work, Canzoniere, is considered to be the first example of modern lyric poetry?
Answer: Petrarch

Question: What style of sacred musical form emerged in the 1330s?
Answer: polyphonic

Question: Polyphony was common in the secular music of which French region?
Answer: Provençal

Question: What is the term for the four subjects that comprised the liberal arts in medieval universities?
Answer: the quadrivium

Question: What was the dominant sacred musical form in the early 13th century?
Answer: the motet

Question: Who introduced a system of musical notation used in the Balkans in the 14th century?
Answer: John Kukuzelis

Question: What was the name of the new musical style introduced in the Late Middle Ages?
Answer: ars nova

Question: Which musical style did ars nova replace in the 14th century?
Answer: ars antiqua

Question: Who were the leading composers of the trecento period?
Answer: Giovanni da Cascia, Jacopo da Bologna and Francesco Landini

Question: Kukuzelis reformed the music of which religion?
Answer: Orthodox Church

Question: What is the most famous morality play from the medieval period?
Answer: Everyman

Question: Which dramatic form was created around 1400?
Answer: Morality plays

Question: What goes to the grave with Everyman in the morality play?
Answer: Good Deeds

Question: Which morality play depicted mankind's progress from birth to death?
Answer: The Castle of Perseverance

Question: In the morality play, who summoned Everyman?
Answer: Death

Question: Which Late Middle Age English kings kept their own troupes of professional actors?
Answer: Richard III and Henry VII

Question: Who performed the seasonal Christmas plays?
Answer: Mummers

Question: In what year did Henry VIII establish an Office of Revels?
Answer: 1545

Question: What did Henry VIII build in 1545 for the benefit of the theatrical arts?
Answer: House of Revels

Question: In what part of a nobleman's house were plays performed?
Answer: the Great Hall

Question: What was banned that led to the demise of medieval drama?
Answer: religious plays

Question: In what year did Elizabeth I ban religious plays?
Answer: 1558

Question: In what year were religious plays banned in the Netherlands?
Answer: 1539

Question: What types of subjects did dramatists turn to when religious plays were banned?
Answer: secular

Question: Where were religious plays banned in 1548?
Answer: Paris

Question: Along with the invention of printing, and the associated dissemination of the printed word, what other factor is believed to have led to the Protestant Reformation?
Answer: democratized learning

Question: Which continents did Vasco da Gama circumnavigate in 1498?
Answer: Africa and India