Question: When did the Gregorian mission travel to Britain?
Answer: 597

Question: When did Columbanus die?
Answer: 615

Question: What religious lifestyle arose in the Early Middle Ages?
Answer: monasticism

Question: Who was the pioneer of cenobitism?
Answer: Pachomius

Question: Who composed the Benedictine Rule?
Answer: Benedict of Nursia

Question: From what part of England did Bede come?
Answer: northern

Question: What was the title of the leader of a monastery?
Answer: abbot

Question: Along with Austrasia and Neustria, what kingdom was originally part of the Frankish kingdom?
Answer: Burgundy

Question: What dynasty ruled Neustria?
Answer: Merovingian

Question: From whom did the rulers of the Merovingian dynasty trace their ancestry?
Answer: Clovis

Question: What was the title of Pippin?
Answer: Mayor of the Palace

Question: What leader was victorious at the Battle of Poitiers?
Answer: Charles Martel

Question: What dynasty consisted of descendants of Charles Martel?
Answer: Carolingian

Question: In what year did the Carolingians take over Neustria?
Answer: 753

Question: Who led the coup that gained control over Austrasia?
Answer: Pippin III

Question: When did Stephen II become pope?
Answer: 752

Question: Along with Charles, who was the son of Pippin?
Answer: Carloman

Question: On what date did Charlemagne assume the imperial title?
Answer: Christmas Day 800

Question: Of what class were most inhabitants of the Carolingian Empire?
Answer: peasants

Question: About how many counts existed in the Carolingian Empire?
Answer: 300

Question: In what settlements did most inhabitants of the Carolingian Empire live?
Answer: small farms

Question: Along with the British Isles, with what land did the Carolingians trade?
Answer: Scandinavia

Question: Where was Charlemagne's court based?
Answer: Aachen

Question: What is the name of the cultural revival associated with Charlemagne?
Answer: Carolingian Renaissance

Question: Of what ethnicity was Alcuin?
Answer: English

Question: In what year did Alcuin die?
Answer: 804

Question: What was the Latin of Charlemagne's era later known as?
Answer: Medieval Latin

Question: Who was Charlemagne's only living son in 813?
Answer: Louis the Pious

Question: How long did Louis the Pious reign?
Answer: 26 years

Question: When did the reign of Louis the Pious end?
Answer: 840

Question: Who ruled Italy after Louis the Pious?
Answer: Lothair I

Question: Who was the middle son of Louis the Pious?
Answer: Louis the German

Question: How many years did the civil war after the death of Louis the Pious last?
Answer: three

Question: Between what two rivers did Lothair receive a kingdom?
Answer: the Rhine and Rhone

Question: In what modern country were Louis the German's lands?
Answer: Germany

Question: In what modern country were Charles the Bald's lands?
Answer: France

Question: When did Louis the Child die?
Answer: 911

Question: What group settled in Iceland during this period?
Answer: the Vikings

Question: Who was king of the Franks in 899?
Answer: Charles the Simple

Question: In what region of modern-day France did the Vikings settle?
Answer: Normandy

Question: What group was defeated at the Battle of Lechfeld?
Answer: Magyar

Question: In what year did the Battle of Lechfeld occur?
Answer: 955

Question: When did Alfred the Great begin his reign?
Answer: 871

Question: What was the kingdom of Kenneth MacAlpin?
Answer: the Kingdom of Alba

Question: Of what dynasty was Otto I a member?
Answer: Ottonian dynasty

Question: What group did Otto I defeat?
Answer: Magyars

Question: In what year did Otto I become Holy Roman Emperor?
Answer: 962

Question: Along with Sweden and Norway, what country saw missionary activity in the 9th and 10th centuries?
Answer: Denmark

Question: Along with 860, in what year did Swedish raiders attempt to conquer Constantinople?
Answer: 907

Question: Along with the kingdom of León, what Spanish kingdom was established during this period?
Answer: Asturias

Question: Along with Iceland, Normandy, Ireland and England, what other area did Scandinavians colonize during this period?
Answer: Russia

Question: Of what dynasty was Leo VI a member?
Answer: Macedonian

Question: During what period did Constantine VII reign?
Answer: 913–959

Question: When did Basil I's rule begin?
Answer: 867

Question: During what century did John Geometres flourish?
Answer: 10th

Question: In approximately what year was Bulgaria founded?
Answer: 680

Question: When were the Constantinian basilicas built?
Answer: 4th century

Question: In what part of the church was the monumental entrance typically placed?
Answer: the west end

Question: What type of architecture did the Carolingian Empire bring back into use?
Answer: the basilica

Question: What is a notable architectural feature of the basilica?
Answer: transept

Question: How is the transept positioned in relation to the nave?
Answer: perpendicular

Question: What was the primary military arm of Anglo-Saxon armies?
Answer: infantry

Question: What military arm did the Visigoths have a large amount of?
Answer: cavalry

Question: What Scythian weapon was used during this era?
Answer: composite bow

Question: What weapon replaced the Scythian composite bow?
Answer: Hunnic composite bow

Question: Along with lamellar armor, what armor replaced scale armor?
Answer: mail

Question: Along with carved ivories, what religious works of the Early Middle Ages were common?
Answer: illuminated manuscripts

Question: What is a notable cross made during this era?
Answer: the Cross of Lothair

Question: Where was a notable hoard found near the former lands of the Byzantine Empire?
Answer: Nagyszentmiklós

Question: What is a notable decorated book with a binding of jewel-encrusted gold?
Answer: Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram

Question: Where was a hoard from Visigothic Spain found?
Answer: Guarrazar

Question: The importance of what military arm increased during the Carolingian era?
Answer: heavy cavalry

Question: What region raised a militia army called the fyrd?
Answer: Anglo-Saxon England

Question: What Roman weapon began to be used again in the Early Middle Ages?
Answer: the crossbow

Question: Along with the horseshoe, what invention important for cavalry emerged in this period?
Answer: the stirrup

Question: Along with light cavalry, what military arm declined in importance during the Early Middle Ages?
Answer: infantry

Question: What was the approximate population of Europe in 1347?
Answer: 80 million

Question: About how many millions of people lived in Europe in the year 1000?
Answer: 35

Question: During the High Middle Ages, what percentage of the European population consisted of rural peasants?
Answer: 90

Question: Along with manors, where did peasants in the High Middle Ages often live?
Answer: villages

Question: What was the term for the practice of giving incentives to peasants to cultivate new lands?
Answer: assarting

Question: In what centuries did fiefs become hereditary?
Answer: 11th and 12th

Question: In this period, who usually inherited fiefs?
Answer: the eldest son

Question: What were castles originally built out of?
Answer: wood

Question: What group constituted the lowest nobility?
Answer: Knights

Question: In what century were castles first built?
Answer: 9th

Question: What group constituted the clergy along with the regular clergy?
Answer: the secular clergy

Question: What type of clergy were monks?
Answer: regular clergy

Question: What percentage of the European population consisted of monks?
Answer: less than one per cent

Question: What social class did many members of the regular clergy come from?
Answer: the nobility

Question: From what class were many parish priests?
Answer: the peasant class

Question: In what type of settlement did most Jews live?
Answer: cities

Question: In what centuries did a Jewish community develop in England?
Answer: the 11th and 12th