Question: Where does facial hair first present during puberty?
Answer: corners of the upper lip

Question: Do males or females experience growth spurts first?
Answer: females

Question: How much later on average do males experience their growth spurt?
Answer: two years later

Question: What is the growth rate during peak height velocity for a male adolescent?
Answer: 4 inches (10.3 cm) a year

Question: What is the growth rate during peak height velocity for a female adolescent?
Answer: 3.5 inches (9 cm)

Question: Growth rates during adolescent are comparible to those of what other life stage?
Answer: toddler

Question: Does the amount of white matter in the brain increase or decrease over the course of adolescence?
Answer: increases

Question: Does the amount of grey matter in the brain increase linearly or follow an inverted-U pattern over the course of adolescence?
Answer: inverted-U pattern

Question: During which process are unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain eliminated?
Answer: synaptic pruning

Question: Does the brain become more or less efficient as a result of synaptic pruning?
Answer: more efficient

Question: Who describes adolescence as the stage of life in which the individual's thoughts start taking more of an abstract form?
Answer: Piaget

Question: What is another term for congitive skills that enable the control and coordination of thoughts and behavior?
Answer: executive functions

Question: Which cortex is commonly associated with the coordination of thoughts and behavior?
Answer: prefrontal cortex

Question: Does Piaget believe that egocentric thoughts decrease or increase during adolescence?
Answer: decrease

Question: Do adolescents or children understand puns, proverbs, metaphors, and analogies most effectively?
Answer: adolescents

Question: Children under what age often cannot comprehend sarcasm?
Answer: nine

Question: Are puns, proverbs, metaphors, and analogies lower-order or higher-order logic?
Answer: higher-order

Question: The appearance of more systematic, abstract thinking is a notable aspect of what type of development during adolescence?
Answer: cognitive

Question: Most injuries sustained by adolescents are related to what?
Answer: risky behavior

Question: Do adolescents, adults, or both weight the potential rewards and consequences of an action?
Answer: both

Question: Do adolescents or adults seem to give more weight to rewards?
Answer: adolescents

Question: Which theory proposes that adults and adolescents both weigh the potential rewards and consequences of an action?
Answer: behavioral decision-making theory

Question: When does differentiation appear fully developed?
Answer: by mid-adolescence

Question: Does the recognition of inconsistent content in one's self-concept typically bring distress or peace to an adolescent?
Answer: distress

Question: When adolescents begin to qualify their traits, what are they demonstrating?
Answer: differentiation

Question: In what year did Troiden propose a four-stage model for the development of homosexual sexual identity?
Answer: 1989

Question: What is Troiden's first stage of development known as?
Answer: sensitization

Question: When does sensitization usually start?
Answer: childhood

Question: In what stage is youth overwhelmed by feelings of inner turmoil regarding their sexual orientation?
Answer: identity confusion

Question: Troiden's second stage is referred to as what?
Answer: identity confusion

Question: Does intimacy between same-sex siblings increase or decrease during adolescence?
Answer: increases

Question: When siblings act as peers, what positive effects are possible?
Answer: increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth

Question: At what stage to mixed-sex siblings generally experience an increase in intimacy?
Answer: middle adolescence

Question: Do adolescents associate with "cliques" on a large or small scale?
Answer: small

Question: What are the positive effects that cliques may have on an adolescent?
Answer: help adolescents become socially acclimated and form a stronger sense of identity

Question: How are cliques defined?
Answer: exclusive, single-sex groups of peers with whom they are particularly close

Question: Do adolescents associate with "crowds" on a large or small scale?
Answer: larger

Question: What percentage of adolescents reporting having experienced physical violence in a relationship?
Answer: 10-45%

Question: What percentage of adolescents reported experiencing psychological aggression?
Answer: a quarter to a third

Question: Hitting, throwing objects, and slaps are examples of what type of aggression?
Answer: Physical

Question: In heterosexual adolescent couples, is there a significant difference in the rates of male and female aggressors?
Answer: no

Question: Does physical aggression decline or increase during high-school, college, and early adulthood?
Answer: decline

Question: Does adolescent participation in family work and routines have a positive or negative influence on feelings of self-worth, care, and concern for others?
Answer: positive

Question: How are household chores frequently divided?
Answer: self-care tasks and family-care tasks

Question: What is one large determining factor in normative adolescent behavior?
Answer: The extent to which an adolescent is expected to share family responsibilities

Question: Through what means does an adolescent develop a unique belief system?
Answer: interaction with social, familial, and cultural environments

Question: The active seeking of new ideas rather than the unquestioning acceptance of adult authority is known as what stage of development?
Answer: Adolescence

Question: What things are youth responsible for forming a set of beliefs about during adolescence?
Answer: themselves, the world around them, and whatever higher powers they may or may not believe in

Question: Ceremonies, rituals, and confirmations are examples of what?
Answer: cultural traditions that intend to provide a meaningful transition to adulthood

Question: What percentage of adolescent homes have access to the internet?
Answer: more than three-quarters

Question: What percentage of adolescents use the internet at least occasionally?
Answer: 90%

Question: In the last decade, has the amount oftime adolescents spend on the computer increased or dereased?
Answer: greatly increased

Question: What percentage of adolescents report using social networking sites?
Answer: (65%)

Question: What online activity has the largest number of reported adolescent particpation?
Answer: video games

Question: What is DIS?
Answer: a fusion of the literature of both developmental and intervention sciences

Question: What are some of the negative things adolescents are susceptible to?
Answer: drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities

Question: What does the DIS focus on in adolescents?
Answer: risky and inappropriate behaviors

Question: What does the alcohol and illegal drug habits of teens tend to be shaped by?
Answer: the substance use of friends and other classmates

Question: What is one possible reasoning behind many students choosing to continue their smoking habits from middle school into late adolescence?
Answer: addictive nature of cigarettes

Question: Do peer acceptance and social norms have a greater or lesser effect on behavior at the onset of adolescence?
Answer: significantly greater

Question: What is the range of consentual age variance between jurisdictions?
Answer: 12 to 20 years

Question: Is the age that peope are allowed to marry universally decided upon?
Answer: No

Question: What are other areas in which legal societal age varies?
Answer: enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with parental advisory labels

Question: What type of land is Antarctica considered to be?
Answer: desert