Question: What are self-contained pieces in longer works called?
Answer: movements

Question: How many movements are symphonies written in the Classical period usually divided into?
Answer: four

Question: What, typically, is the speed of the second movement in a classical piece?
Answer: slow

Question: A movement broken up further is called what?
Answer: sections

Question: The final movement of a classical piece is usually called what?
Answer: Allegro

Question: What period was from 500-1400?
Answer: Medieval

Question: What years dictate the Baroque period?
Answer: 1600–1750

Question: How have periods been reckoned Since 1900?
Answer: by calendar century

Question: What era has the 21st century has been characterized by?
Answer: the contemporary/postmodern musical era

Question: The years 1804-1910 marked what era?
Answer: Romantic

Question: What composer continued the counterpoint and fugue?
Answer: Haydn

Question: Haydn is classified as typical of what era?
Answer: Classical

Question: Who is described as a founder of the Romantic era?
Answer: Beethoven

Question: Who is classified as Romantic, but also uses counterpoint and fugue?
Answer: Brahms

Question: Some authorities reverse terminologies to refer to the common practice period as a what?
Answer: era

Question: A Contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era is described with what prefix?
Answer: neo

Question: What century were Neoclassical compositions written in?
Answer: 20th-century

Question: Who wrote Pulcinella?
Answer: Stravinsky's

Question: What era is Pulcinella similar to?
Answer: Classical

Question: When does the Egyptian orchestra date to?
Answer: 2695 BC

Question: Who suggested that Western classical music is rooted to ancient Egyptian art music?
Answer: Burgh

Question: What music followed ancient Egyptian art music?
Answer: early Christian liturgical music,

Question: Which ancient society developed individual tones and scales?
Answer: ancient Greeks

Question: Who helped codify musical notation?
Answer: Pythagoras

Question: The Medieval period begins with the fall of what city?
Answer: Rome

Question: What can Plainsong or Gregorian chant also be called?
Answer: Monophonic chant

Question: What does Polyphonic mean? 
Answer: multi-voiced

Question: When did Monophonic chant stop being the dominant form?
Answer: 1100

Question: Polyphonic music included more complex voicing of what?
Answer: motets

Question: When was the Renaissance era?
Answer: from 1400 to 1600

Question: What era was from 1400 to 1600? 
Answer: Renaissance

Question: The use of the first ass instruments occurred in what era?
Answer: Renaissance

Question: What became widespread in the Renaissance era?
Answer: Social dancing

Question: Musical forms for dance began to standardize during what era?
Answer: Renaissance

Question: The notation of music on a what began to take shape at this time?
Answer: staff

Question: How was music transmitted before the invention of musical notation?
Answer: oral

Question: What was oral music subject to every time is was transmitted?
Answer: change

Question: What can a musical scored be performed without?
Answer: the composer's presence

Question: When was the movable-type printing press invented?
Answer: the 15th century

Question: The record is part of what wind family?
Answer: the flute family

Question: The sahwm was an early family member of what instrument?
Answer: the oboe

Question: Where were the first pipe organs confined to?
Answer: churches

Question: When had the viol emerged by?
Answer: the 16th century

Question: What enabled descriptions and specification of instruments?
Answer: Printing

Question: When did many of the ideas that make up western classical music take shape?
Answer: The common practice period

Question: What began with the Baroque era?
Answer: The common practice period

Question: What era did the classical era follow?
Answer: Baroque era

Question: When did the classical era end?
Answer: around 1820

Question: When did the romantic era end?
Answer: about 1910

Question: Basso continuo and complex tonal counterpoint characterize what type of music? 
Answer: Baroque

Question: What does basso continuo mean? 
Answer: a continuous bass line

Question: What did music become during the Baroque era  in comparison with earlier periods?
Answer: more complex

Question: What form began to take shape during the Baroque era? 
Answer: the sonata form

Question: Major and minor what are means for managing dissonance and chromaticism?
Answer: tonalities

Question: Keyboard music became popular during what era?
Answer: Baroque

Question: The violin family is what type of instrument?
Answer: stringed

Question: Opera began to differentiate itself from earlier forms as what?
Answer: staged musical drama

Question: What became more common during the Baroque era?
Answer: vocal forms

Question: What did vocalist add to melodies beginning in the Baroque era?
Answer: embellishments

Question: What theories began to be put in wider practice?
Answer: equal temperament

Question: What does equal temperament enabled in hard to tune keyboard instruments?
Answer: a wider range of chromatic possibilities

Question: What did Bach not use?
Answer: equal temperament

Question: A modern piano is generally what?
Answer: tuned

Question: What system of temperaments was common during Bach's time?
Answer: meantone

Question: When was the Classical era?
Answer: 1750 to 1820

Question: What instrument became the predominant keyboard during the classical era?
Answer: the piano

Question: What became more standardized during the classical era?
Answer: The basic forces required for an orchestra

Question: How many muscians, at most, could make up a chamber ensemble during the classical period?
Answer: 10

Question: What is an opera buffa?
Answer: a form of comic opera

Question: What type of instrument became more refined during the classical era?
Answer: Wind

Question: What is the single reed family called?
Answer: the clarinet family

Question: What type of instrument was somewhat standardized int eh Baroque era?
Answer: double reeded

Question: Who expanded the single reeds role?
Answer: Mozart

Question: Increased attention to extended melodic lines characterized what era?
Answer: Romantic

Question: When did the Romantic era end?
Answer: the early 20th century

Question: Free-form pieces like nocturnes and preludes were a break from what era?
Answer: Classical

Question: Tensions about what increased during the Romantic era?
Answer: key signatures

Question: What is a name for an art song?
Answer: Lied

Question: Who controlled musical institutions before the 19th century?
Answer: wealthy patrons

Question: Composers and musicians began to construct lives independent of what in the 19th century?
Answer: the nobility

Question: What class increased it's interest in music during the 19th century?
Answer: middle classes

Question: What instrument became widely popular in the middle class in the 19th century?
Answer: The piano

Question: The 19th century marks the foundation of many what?
Answer: symphony orchestras

Question: To what number did the size of the orchestra grow to?
Answer: 100

Question: What size of choirs have performed Gustav Mahler's 1906 Symphony No. 8?
Answer: over 400

Question: What size orchestras have performed Gustav Mahler's 1906 Symphony No. 8?
Answer: over 150

Question: What allowed Brass instruments to play a wider range of notes?
Answer: rotary valves

Question: What array of instrument grew wider?
Answer: percussion

Question: What did European cultural ideas follow?
Answer: colonial expansion

Question: What type of music rose toward the end of the era?
Answer: nationalism

Question: What did nationalism in music sometime echo?
Answer: political sentiments of the time

Question: Edvard Grieg and Antonin Dvorak used what kind of music in their compositions?
Answer: traditional music of their homelands