Question: How many schools offer polytechnics?
Answer: Erfurt (4,500 students), Jena (5,000 students), Nordhausen (2,500 students) and Schmalkalden

Question: What is the focus of Thuringia's research center, Jena?
Answer: life sciences and optics

Question: Which universities are known for their historic and cultural aspects?
Answer: Weimar and Gotha

Question: How is most research in Thuringia funded?
Answer: publicly funded

Question:   What is one company that is able to get investments from large companies?
Answer: the optics sector at Jena.

Question: When was Thuringia's first railway built?
Answer: the 1840s

Question: When were most of the branch lines of the railway abandoned? 
Answer: Between 1950 and 2000

Question: When will the new high speed train be open? 
Answer: In 2017, a new high speed line will be opened,

Question: What must a species do in order to be classified as a predator?
Answer: direct impact on the prey population

Question: How would you describe a predator that primarily eats plants?
Answer: herbivory

Question: A predator must do what to the prey after it is killed? 
Answer: absorption of the prey's tissue through consumption

Question: A species that uses a host body to survive and reproduce is classified as a what?
Answer: parasitic species

Question: How would you describe a diet of a species that eats primarily dead organic material? 
Answer: detritivory

Question: What does an herbivore eat?
Answer: plants

Question: Do detritivores have a direct impact on "donor" organisms?
Answer: no

Question: What term is given to an organism that is being hunted?
Answer: prey

Question: What term is given to the biological interaction where a predator feeds upon prey?
Answer: predation

Question: What is the key characteristic of predation?
Answer: the predator's direct impact on the prey population

Question: What do detritivores eat?
Answer: dead organic material

Question: What is the key characteristic of predation?
Answer: predator's direct impact on the prey population

Question: How many synergetic qualities are there in the predator-prey mechanism? 
Answer: Two factors

Question: Proximity and the ending of life is called? 
Answer: true predation

Question: If the prey is not killed the predator-prey interaction is called? 
Answer: parasitoidism

Question: Instead of what predators eat, how else can they be classified?
Answer: the way in which they eat

Question: Certain death is involved with true predation and what other classification?
Answer: parasitoidism

Question: The study in which ecologists examine the way predators interact with their prey is called what?
Answer: predation

Question: What do household animals prey upon? 
Answer: large and small prey

Question: Name an exemplar of an predator that uses digestion to kill and gain nutrients from it's prey.
Answer: Baleen whales

Question: To be classified as a predator, what action must be performed?
Answer: harm their prey in some way

Question: What requirement must a true predator fulfill?
Answer: kills and eats another living thing

Question: What is different about a true predator?
Answer: Whereas other types of predator all harm their prey in some way, this form kills them

Question: All types of predators do what?
Answer: harm their prey in some way

Question: How do ambush predators hunt?
Answer: sit and wait for prey to approach within striking distance

Question: What do box jellyfish use to hunt their pray?
Answer: venom

Question: Animals that consume parts of their prey are considered to be
Answer: Grazing organisms

Question: Prey that can regrow leaves or arms have learned to deal with what?
Answer: browsing pressure

Question: Give an example of a predator that specializes in eating autotrophic species
Answer: zooplankton

Question: Give an example of an animal that feeds off of other animals for reproduction? 
Answer: mosquitos

Question: What is an organism that grazes upon other animals?
Answer: female mosquitos

Question: What is an organism that can regrow lost arms?
Answer: Starfish

Question: Do grazing organisms often kill their prey?
Answer: seldom

Question: How do grass and kelp deal with being grazed upon?
Answer: regrows at the base

Question: Species that rely on few or a single prey are called?
Answer: Parasites

Question: Predator and prey relationships that improve fitness for both species are classified as this type of relationship.
Answer: mutualism

Question: Give an example of an animal that will travel several miles in a single day.
Answer: elephant

Question: What plant associated with kissing during the holidays is also parasitic? 
Answer: mistletoe

Question: How are parasites distiguished from grazers?
Answer: close association with their host species

Question: How many hosts do parasites typically have?
Answer: one or at most a few in their lifetime

Question: How should parasite classification be viewed instead of as four isolated forms?
Answer: a continuum

Question: What does the term symbiosis mean?
Answer: living together

Question: This species relies on other species to provide a reproductive host for their offspring.
Answer: ichneumon wasps

Question: It is believed that parasitoids account for what percentage of the total insect population? 
Answer: 10%

Question: During a parasitoid-host interaction what will happen to the host?
Answer: death

Question: What is the term given to organisms living and feeding on their host?
Answer: Parasitoids

Question: How many organisms in the insect species are Diptera or Cleoptera parasitoids?
Answer: 10%

Question: Which type of wasp is a well-known example of a parasitoid?
Answer: ichneumon

Question: How do the larvae of the parasitoid wasps kill their prey?
Answer: devouring the internal organs until finally destroying the nervous system

Question: Species that aren't considered specialized are called what? 
Answer: opportunistic

Question: Predator and prey interactions that involve specialization result in a balance called?
Answer: equilibrium

Question: When a specialized species resorts to foraging and eating other diets, it's like because it's primary food source is?
Answer: scarce

Question: What do specialized predators and prey rely on to get the upper hand? 
Answer: evolution

Question: What are some predators that will kill and eat nearly anything?
Answer: humans, leopards, dogs and alligators

Question: What term is used for predators and prey being well suited to hunt and evade each other?
Answer: evolutionary arms race

Question: What is the purpose of an evolutionary arms race?
Answer: keep the populations of both species in equilibrium

Question: If scavengers' food becomes scarce, they may turn to what type of diet?
Answer: herbivorous

Question: What is the the strata of predator prey interaction called?
Answer: trophic level

Question: What is the top predator in an environment called? 
Answer: apex predator

Question: When a new apex predator moves into an area this changes. 
Answer: trophic pyramid

Question: What limits the size of a trophic pyramid? 
Answer: energy

Question: Which organisms are known as primary consumers?
Answer: Organisms that feed on autotrophs

Question: What makes an organism a secondary consumer?
Answer: feed on heterotrophs

Question: What is an organism at the top of the food chain called?
Answer: apex predator

Question: How many levels does a predatory pyramid or heirarchy typically climb?
Answer: five or six levels

Question: In what pyramid position is an organism not preyed upon by any other predators?
Answer: the top

Question: Dead animals that died as a result of natural causes or non-fatal injuries are called?
Answer: carrion

Question: Why are species can be difficult to classify because they?
Answer: eat from multiple levels of the food chain

Question: What are plants that eat both living species and consume sunlight for energy called? 
Answer: Carnivorous plants