Question: What happens to a molecule if an oscillation results in a dipole being changed?
Answer: it will absorb a photon that has the same frequency

Question: What do the vibrational frequencies of molecules usually correspond to?
Answer: the frequencies of infrared light

Question: What is the term for light radiation in the 4000–400 cm−1 spectrum?
Answer: the mid-infrared

Question: What is used in infrared photography to capture the near-infrared spectrum?
Answer: infrared filters

Question: What devices are often equipped with infrared blockers?
Answer: Digital cameras

Question: What is the technique that involves imaging with terahertz radiation?
Answer: 'T-ray' imaging

Question: What is another name for terahertz radiation?
Answer: far-infrared

Question: What is a notable recent development in T-ray imaging?
Answer: terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Question: What technique is used in art to examine underlying layers of a painting without damaging it?
Answer: Infrared reflectography

Question: What shows up particularly well in reflectograms?
Answer: carbon black

Question: What is the term for differences in the painting and underdrawing made by the original artist?
Answer: pentimenti

Question: Who discovered infrared radiation?
Answer: William Herschel

Question: To whom did Herschel present his work on infrared radiation?
Answer: the Royal Society of London

Question: In what year did Herschel publish his work on infrared radiation?
Answer: 1800

Question: What device did Herschel use to discover the infrared?
Answer: a prism

Question: What did Herschel call the infrared spectrum?
Answer: Calorific Rays

Question: What is a commonly used term for infrared radiation?
Answer: heat radiation

Question: What percentage of the Earth's heat is derived from the Sun's infrared light?
Answer: 49%

Question: What is the common range of emitted radiation of room temperature objects, in micrometers? 
Answer: 8 to 25

Question: Other than infrared light, what type of light is responsible for heating the Earth?
Answer: visible

Question: What is another term for infrared homing?
Answer: Infrared tracking

Question: What devices make use of infrared homing?
Answer: Missiles

Question: What is a common name for missiles that make use of infrared seeking?
Answer: heat-seekers

Question: Along with aircraft and people, what objects notably create and retain heat?
Answer: vehicle engines

Question: What does IR stand for?
Answer: infrared

Question: Along with Cirrus, what types of clouds are cold and high?
Answer: Cumulonimbus

Question: What color do Cirrus clouds appear in infrared?
Answer: white

Question: Along with Stratus, what clouds are lower and warmer?
Answer: Stratocumulus

Question: What color are Strarus clouds in infrared?
Answer: grey

Question: What is the range of the near-infrared channel in micrometers?
Answer: 1.58–1.64

Question: What limits the sensitivity of infrared telescopes on Earth?
Answer: water vapor in the atmosphere

Question: To somewhat avoid the water vapor in the atmosphere, where can an observatory be sited?
Answer: at a high altitude

Question: Along with aircraft, what object can be used to carry a telescope aloft?
Answer: balloon

Question: What sorts of telescopes completely avoid water vapor in Earth's atmosphere?
Answer: Space telescopes

Question: What is the nearest wavelength to the radiation that a human eye can see?
Answer: Near-infrared

Question: Along with the emission peaks and vs. bands mechanisms, what other physical mechanism is used to define near-infrared?
Answer: water absorption

Question: In micrometers, when do common silicon detectors cease to be sensitive?
Answer: 1,050

Question: What is the lowest level of sensitivity, in micrometers, for InGaAs?
Answer: 950

Question: What is the term for transit energy flowing as a result of differences in temperature?
Answer: Heat

Question: What type of heat transmission can propagate through a vacuum?
Answer: thermal radiation

Question: What object emits thermal radiation in the X-ray spectrum?
Answer: the solar corona

Question: The visible, ultraviolet and X-ray spectra are all above what spectrum?
Answer: infrared

Question: What is the range of the electromagnetic spectrum in micrometers?
Answer: 0.9–14

Question: In nanometers, what is the electromagnetic spectrum's range?
Answer: 900–14,000

Question: What law states that infrared radiation is emitted by objects based on temperature?
Answer: the black body radiation law

Question: What happens to the amount of radiation an object emits as temperature increases?
Answer: increases

Question: What type of cameras see infrared radiation?
Answer: Thermographic

Question: What irradiates clouds of gas in the galaxy and makes them glow?
Answer: imbedded stars

Question: What can be detected via infrared prior to their emitting visible light?
Answer: protostars

Question: What objects emit less of their energy as infrared light versus visible light?
Answer: Stars

Question: What sort of equipment uses the infrared spectrum in the absence of sufficient visible light?
Answer: night vision

Question: What do night vision devices convert ambient light photons into?
Answer: electrons

Question: Along with a chemical process, what type of process is used by night vision devices to convert infrared into visible light?
Answer: electrical

Question: What is the IrDA?
Answer: the Infrared Data Association

Question: What does the acronym LEDs stand for?
Answer: light-emitting diodes

Question: What is a term for when something is switched on and off?
Answer: modulated

Question: What device is used to transform infrared radiation into an electric current?
Answer: silicon photodiode

Question: Why does infrared not cause trouble for devices in adjacent rooms?
Answer: IR does not penetrate walls

Question: What letter represents the index of refraction?
Answer: n

Question: What letter represents the extinction Coefficient?
Answer: k

Question: What equations are used to figure out the index of refraction and extinction Coefficient?
Answer: Forouhi-Bloomer dispersion

Question: Along with critical dimension and depth, what can the infrared light reflectance be used to determine in regard to high aspect ratio trench structures?
Answer: sidewall angle

Question: What reflectance is measured from a semiconductor wafer's surface to determine the index of refraction?
Answer: light

Question: What is the name of the technique used in scanners to minimize the effects of dust and scratches?
Answer: Infrared cleaning

Question: Along with red and blue, what is the third visible color channel?
Answer: green

Question: Along with replacement via inpainting, what procedure is used in infrared cleaning to remove the effect of scratches and dust?
Answer: scaling

Question: Along with the visible light channels, what channel is used to locate scratches and dust in scanners?
Answer: infrared

Question: Along with the surface of the Earth, what objects absorb radiation from the sun?
Answer: clouds

Question: After Earth surface's absorbs radiation, in what spectrum is much of it re-emitted?
Answer: infrared

Question: Along with water vapor, what atmospheric substance primarily absorbs the infrared emitted by the Earth?
Answer: cloud droplets

Question: What notable warming effect does the presence of infrared absorbers contribute to?
Answer: greenhouse

Question: What term refers to  the variety and variability of life on Earth?
Answer: Biodiversity

Question: What types of variations does Biodiversity refer to?
Answer: genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation

Question: What type of biodiversity happens near the equator?
Answer: Terrestrial biodiversity

Question: Where on Earth is biodiversity the most abundnant?
Answer: It is richest in the tropics.

Question: Where is sea surface temperature the highest?
Answer: along coasts in the Western Pacific