Question: On what date was the encirclement of Paris complete?
Answer: 20 September

Question: Bismarck and Favre met on what date?
Answer: 18 September

Question: What was the location of Bismarck and Favre's meeting?
Answer: the Château de Ferrières

Question: Bismarck demanded the surrender of Strasbourg and what fortress city?
Answer: Toul

Question: By late afternoon, what were the Prussian southern attacks at risk of?
Answer: breaking up

Question: Which Prussian general commanded the attack against the French at St. Privat?
Answer: General Canrobert

Question: What factor immobilised the Prussian Guard?
Answer: lethal French gunfire

Question: By nightfall a major component of the VII and VII Corps withdrew towards what Prussian position?
Answer: Rezonville

Question: What did the Prussian Army hold in Paris on 17 February?
Answer: a brief victory parade

Question: Under what provision was the Prussian Army permitted to have a victory parade?
Answer: the terms of the armistice

Question: To hounour the armistice, Bismarck allowed train loads of what into Paris?
Answer: food

Question: France had to consent to pay how much in war indemnity?
Answer: five billion franc

Question: An ensuing mass exodus from Paris saw how many people head for the countryside?
Answer: 200,000

Question: Whose surrender hit Paris as big news?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: Which empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in Paris?
Answer: the Second Empire

Question: The uprising forced a proclamation of what?
Answer: Provisional Government and a Third Republic

Question: How did the new government refer to itself?
Answer: Government of National Defence

Question: Bismarck desired an early piece but lacked what in the negotiation process?
Answer: a legitimate French authority

Question: A series of Prussian and German victories took place in what part of France?
Answer: eastern France

Question: What seige did these victories lead to?
Answer: Siege of Metz

Question: What battle was a result of the Prussian and German victories in eastern France?
Answer: Battle of Sedan

Question: Which army definitively defeated Napolean III?
Answer: the army of the Second Empire

Question: On what date did the Government of National Defence declare the the Third Republic in Paris?
Answer: 4 September

Question: Some historians counter that Napolean III sought what?
Answer: war

Question: Napoleon III belived he would win the Astro-Prussian war and win a conflict with what country?
Answer: Prussia

Question: It is also argued that Napoleon III thought a war would resolve the growing issue of what?
Answer: domestic political problems

Question: Before the war, French voters overwhelming supported what program of Napoleon III?
Answer: a national plebiscite

Question: Who proposed that Emperor needed no war to increase his public appeal?
Answer: Milza

Question: What did Napoleon III plan to relieve pressure from an expected German attack?
Answer: invasion of northern Germany

Question: What country were the French hoping to be allied with?
Answer: Denmark

Question: What military strength could Denmark to France in a war?
Answer: the Royal Danish Navy

Question: What had Prussia been discovered building around big north German ports?
Answer: defences

Question: What did the French navy lack in engaging coastal defenses?
Answer: heavy guns

Question: What was the Prussian Army composed of, instead of regulars?
Answer: conscripts

Question: Service was mandatory for all men sharing which feature?
Answer: of military age

Question: Together, Prussia and Germany expected to amass how many soldiers?
Answer: 1,000,000

Question: What is an example of a German encirclement battle?
Answer: Cannae

Question: German tactics relied on what type of battle strategy?
Answer: encirclement battles

Question: What Prussian system was superior to the French example?
Answer: military education

Question: Prussian military officers were trained to exude what type thinking?
Answer: independent thinking

Question: What commander of the General Staff held the expectaion of independent thinking in his officers?
Answer: Moltke

Question: What did the French dearth of an education and promotion system stifle?
Answer: intellectual development

Question: Which military historian criticized the French system as being defective?
Answer: Dallas Irvine

Question: What aspect of the Chassepot was superior to the German needle gun?
Answer: longer range

Question: What French weapon was considered a rough prototype of the first machine gun? 
Answer: the mitrailleuse

Question: How many barrels did the mitrailleuse feature?
Answer: thirty-seven barrels

Question: What was the range of the mitrailleuse?
Answer: 1,200 yd (1,100 m)

Question: Treating the mitrailleuse like what rendered it far less effective
Answer: artillery

Question: The French Marines and naval infantry were dispatched to reinforce what?
Answer: French Army of Châlons

Question: The French navy fell captive where?
Answer: at Sedan

Question: Who also was captured at Sedan?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: The autumn storms of what sea forced the return of yet more French ships?
Answer: the North Sea

Question: On which rough date did the French navy abandon their blockade?
Answer: September 1870

Question: Which marshal was closest to Wissembourg?
Answer: Marshal MacMahon

Question: How many divisions did MacMahon command?
Answer: four divisions

Question: Over how many miles did MacMahon's divisions cover?
Answer: 20 miles

Question: Whose conduct made a bad situation worse?
Answer: General Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot

Question: What group did General Ducrot command?
Answer: the 1st Division

Question: What became highly politicised during the war?
Answer: Paris National Guard

Question: In what type of neighborhoods did the occur especially?
Answer: working-class neighbourhoods

Question: What did the National Guard refuse to wear?
Answer: uniforms

Question: What did the National Guard refuse to obey?
Answer: commands from the national government

Question: On which dates did La Semaine Sanglante occur in Paris?
Answer: 21–28 May

Question: Who commanded the French army at the battle of Worth?
Answer: General MacMahon

Question: Which German divisison did MacMahon engage?
Answer: German 3rd Army

Question: Who commanded the German 1st Army?
Answer: Steinmetz

Question: What did a German patrol spot that led them to believe that Frossard had retreated?
Answer: decoy fires

Question: Whose plan did German armies ignore in attacking Frossard?
Answer: Moltke's

Question: Who were the casualties especially terrible for?
Answer: the attacking Prussian forces

Question: What was the grand total of German casualties and those missing in action?
Answer: 20,163

Question: What were the number of French killed and wounded?
Answer: 7,855

Question: What was the number of French prisoners?
Answer: 4,420

Question: What did most Prussians fall under?
Answer: French Chassepot rifles

Question: What was the republican government amenable to?
Answer: war reparations

Question: Who declared that France would not yield "an inch of its territory?"
Answer: Favre

Question: Who was Favre speaking on behalf of?
Answer: Government of National Defense

Question: When did Favre make the declaration concerning colonial territories?
Answer: 6 September

Question: What did this cause the Republic to renew?
Answer: declaration of war

Question: Who was the Prussian Minister of War?
Answer: Albrecht von Roon

Question: What was the time span that von Roon acted as minister?
Answer: 1859 to 1873

Question: He instituted a series of what regarding the Prussian military?
Answer: reforms

Question: What was the first step in the reforms?
Answer: a reorganization of the army

Question: What was the second reform?
Answer: the conscription of every male

Question: What type of artillery were the French equipped with?
Answer: bronze, rifled muzzle-loading