Question: Who split the leadership roles in the Qing dynasty?
Answer: Han Chinese and Manchus

Question: Where did the Qing find their officials?
Answer: imperial examination system

Question: How many ranks were there in civil service in the Qing dynasty?
Answer: nine

Question: Who was the main leader of the Qing?
Answer: Emperor

Question: Which ethnicities made up the Qing government?
Answer: Manchu noblemen and Han officials

Question: What happened to the Grand Secretariat?
Answer: evolved into an imperial chancery

Question: Who controlled the "Inner Court"?
Answer: imperial family and Manchu nobility

Question: Where was the Inner Court?
Answer: Forbidden City

Question: What was the Grand Council?
Answer: core institution of the inner court

Question: What shape of emblem signified a Han official?
Answer: square emblem

Question: What shape of emblam signified members of the royal family?
Answer: circular

Question: Which two ethnicities made up each position in government?
Answer: Manchu and a Han Chinese

Question: Who governed the areas of Tibet and Mongolia?
Answer: Lifan Yuan

Question: Who administered the minority groups?
Answer: Lifan Yuan

Question: How many boards were there in the Qing government?
Answer: six

Question: What was the foreign service called?
Answer: Zongli Yamen

Question: Who performed the tasks of the Zongli Yamen before it was created?
Answer: Board of Rites and Lifan Yuan

Question: What was the war called fought between the British and French against the Qing?
Answer: Second Opium War

Question: Which emperor followed Shunzhi?
Answer: Kangxi

Question: Where were textile factories located?
Answer: Jiangnan region

Question: What did China trade with Tibet and Mongolia?
Answer: jade, ginseng, salt, furs

Question: What century did Qing China stretch to its largest?
Answer: 18th century

Question: How many kilometers was Qing China at its height?
Answer: 13 million km2

Question: How many provinces were there at the height of Qing China?
Answer: 22

Question: When did Japan take over Taiwan?
Answer: 1895

Question: How did the Japanese win Taiwan?
Answer: First Sino-Japanese

Question: What two provinces were formed from Huguang?
Answer: Hubei and Hunan

Question: What was the name of the highest ranking official in a province?
Answer: governor

Question: What were provinces broken up into?
Answer: prefectures

Question: What is another name for the main 18 provinces?
Answer: China proper

Question: How many viceroys were there in China Proper?
Answer: eight

Question: When did Tibet become part of Qing China?
Answer: mid-18th century

Question: What was the main government entity that ran the territories like Tibet?
Answer: Lifan Yuan

Question: What is another name for Chinese Turkestan?
Answer: Xinjiang

Question: Which emperor allowed Han migration to Dzungaria?
Answer: Qianlong

Question: Who first ran Manchuria?
Answer: military generals

Question: What title did the emperor hold in Mongolia?
Answer: khan

Question: Who ruled Kashgaria?
Answer: Yaqub Beg

Question: Who supported Beg?
Answer: British

Question: When did the British invade Tibet?
Answer: early 20th century

Question: What was the name of the agreement between Britain and the Chinese that kept the British out of Tibet?
Answer: 1906 Anglo-Chinese Convention

Question: Who created the Eight Banners?
Answer: Nurhaci

Question: How were the 8 banners recognized?
Answer: color

Question: What were the banners called that were under direct leadership of the emperor?
Answer: Upper Three Banners

Question: What ethnicity made up the Upper Three Banners?
Answer: Manchus

Question: What were the rest of the banners called?
Answer: Lower Five Banners

Question: How were Banner's organized?
Answer: along ethnic lines

Question: Which two ethnicities made up the majority of the Banner Armies?
Answer: Manchu and Mongol

Question: Which ethnicity dominated the army in the reigns of Shunzhi and Kangxi?
Answer: Han Bannermen

Question: When did Manchu ethnicity become important again in the Eight Banners?
Answer: Qianlong's reign

Question: What did the Europeans call Han Bannermen?
Answer: "Tartarized Chinese" or "Tartarified Chinese"

Question: What caused the Qing armies to lose many battles?
Answer: Taiping Rebellion

Question: What city did the Qing lose in 1853?
Answer: Nanjing

Question: What was Zeng Guofan?
Answer: Xiang Army

Question: Who created a new type of army to thwart the Taiping rebels?
Answer: Zeng Guofan

Question: What was the Xiang Army named after?
Answer: Hunan region where it was raised

Question: Who inspired Zeng Guofan in creating his army?
Answer: Qi Jiguang

Question: What did Qi Jiguang's private army do?
Answer: repel raiding Japanese pirates

Question: What was the original plan for the Xiang Army?
Answer: eradicate the Taiping rebels

Question: What entity became the main Qing troops?
Answer: Yongying corps

Question: Who paid for the Yongying?
Answer: provincial coffers

Question: Who led the Yongying?
Answer: regional commanders

Question: When was the Second Opium War?
Answer: 1860

Question: How big was the French-British army?
Answer: 25,000

Question: What was the Qing governments attempt to create a modern socity called?
Answer: Self-Strengthening Movement

Question: What happened to the Summer Palace?
Answer: sacked

Question: Who beat the Chinese in the First Sino-Japanese War?
Answer: Japan

Question: Which fleet did the Japanese destroy?
Answer: Beiyang Fleet

Question: When did the Qing decide to modernize their military?
Answer: 1894

Question: What was the new modern army called?
Answer: the New Army

Question: Who became the President of the Republic of China?
Answer: General Yuan Shikai

Question: What happened in early and middle Qing history?
Answer: population growth

Question: How much did the population grow during the 18th century?
Answer: doubled

Question: What were the 2 types of migration during the 18th century?
Answer: permanent migration for resettlement, and relocation conceived by the party (in theory at least) as a temporary sojourn

Question: How many estates were there in Qing society?
Answer: five

Question: What 2 groups were normal Chinese broken into?
Answer: the good "commoner" people, the other "mean" people

Question: What was the legal term for commoner?
Answer: liangmin

Question: What did China export?
Answer: tea, silk and manufactures

Question: What did the Chinese get paid for their goods?
Answer: silver

Question: When did the Chinese economy finally recover after the wars with the Mings?
Answer: end of the 17th century

Question: What did the Qing do to reform land ownership?
Answer: reduced the tax burden

Question: What happened to the price of rice during the 18th century?
Answer: rise slowly and smoothly

Question: What was the Great Divergence?
Answer: Western world overtook China economically

Question: What was China's population at the end of the 18th century?
Answer: 300 million

Question: What were the reasons for the population explosion during the 18th century?
Answer: peace and stability in the 18th century and the import of new crops

Question: What crops were imported?
Answer: peanuts, sweet potatoes and maize. New species of rice

Question: What arts were the Qing emperors good at?
Answer: poetry and often skilled in painting

Question: What was the rhyme dictionary called that was published by Kangxi?
Answer: Peiwen Yunfu

Question: When was the Kangxi Dictionary published?
Answer: 1716

Question: When was the Siku Quanshu finished?
Answer: 1782

Question: Name three painters?
Answer: Four Wangs and the individualists Bada Shanren (1626–1705) and Shitao (1641–1707)

Question: What two schools of art were created in the 19th century?
Answer: Shanghai School and the Lingnan School

Question: Name two arts of the Four Arts?
Answer: Calligraphy and painting

Question: What was the sign of a gentleman?
Answer: Poetry