Question: What years did the Tsangpa start and end?
Answer: 1565–1642

Question: What year did the Jianwen Emperor reign start and end?
Answer: 1398–1402

Question: Who aided the Yongle Emperor?
Answer: the Buddhist monk Yao Guangxiao

Question: Who was Yongle Emperor's father?
Answer: the Hongwu Emperor

Question: When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court?
Answer: March 10, 1403

Question: Who did the Yongle Emperor send to Tibet?
Answer: Hou Xian and the Buddhist monk Zhi Guang

Question: Why did the Yongle Emperor send Hou Xian and Zhi Guang to Tibet?
Answer: to seek out the Karmapa

Question: When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing?
Answer: 1407

Question: Where did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang travel through on their way to the Karmapa?
Answer: through Qinghai or via the Silk Road to Khotan

Question: When did Deshin Shekpa travels start?
Answer: 1403

Question: Where did the Yongle Emperor greet the Karmapa?
Answer: Nanjing

Question: Who did the Emperor give the place of honor at his left to?
Answer: the Karmapa

Question: Who sat on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric?
Answer: Kublai

Question: Who showed a great amount of respect to Deshin Shekpa?
Answer: the Yongle Emperor

Question: At what temple did the ceremonies for the Yongle Emperor's deceased parents take place?
Answer: Linggu Temple

Question: Where was the Linggu Temple located?
Answer: Nanjing

Question: What title was Deshin Shekpa given at Nanjing?
Answer: Great Treasure Prince of Dharma

Question: Who did Deshin Shekpa persuade the Yongle Emperor to give the title to?
Answer: religious leaders of other Tibetan Buddhist sects

Question: Who imposed on the military might on Tibet in the past? 
Answer: the Mongols

Question: Hok-Lam Chan states that Deshin Skekpa was only invited for what purpose? 
Answer: religious purposes

Question: What was said to be the  Yongle Emperor plans?
Answer: to send a military force into Tibet

Question: Why was the Yongle Emperor said to have been planning to send military forces into Tibet?
Answer: to forcibly give the Karmapa authority over all the Tibetan Buddhist schools

Question: Who convinced the Yongle emperor not to send military forces into Tibet?
Answer: Deshin Shekpa

Question: Who did the Yongle Emperor have a conflict with?
Answer: Jianwen Emperor

Question: Who aided the legitimacy of the Yongle Emperor's rule?
Answer: Deshin Shekpa

Question: What served as a legitimizing tool for the emperor's succession to the throne?
Answer: Deshin Shekpa's miracles

Question: According to Norbu who failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship?
Answer: Chinese Communist historians

Question: What were the items of tribute?
Answer: Buddhist artifacts

Question: Who believe that the Ming dynasty did not exercise any direct political control over Tibet?
Answer: Josef Kolmaš

Question: What years did the Zhengtong Emperor reign?
Answer: 1435–1449

Question: Who maintains an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor?
Answer: The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC

Question: Who was the edict addressed to? 
Answer: the Karmapa

Question: Who had a message delivered to them by Zhengtong?
Answer: Great Treasure Prince of Dharma

Question: When was the edict written?
Answer: after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court

Question: Who did the Ming cut off all relations with?
Answer: the Karmapa hierarchs

Question: What year did the Ming cut off the Karmapa hierarchs?
Answer: 1446

Question: When did  Deshin Shekpa  die?
Answer: 1415

Question: Who did the Ming court think the representatives were sent by?
Answer: the Karmapa

Question: Why did Yongle order the construction?
Answer: to facilitate trade with Tibet

Question: What did Yongle want to trade with Tibet?
Answer: tea, horses, and salt

Question: where did the trade route pass through?
Answer: through Sichuan and crossed Shangri-La County in Yunnan

Question: Why does Van Praag believe the Ming court set up a diplomatic delegation with Tibet?
Answer: to secure urgently needed horses

Question: What shops were catered to the Tibetan market?
Answer: Silk workshops

Question: What visual images and symbols were on furnishings from the silk workshops?
Answer: Tibetan Buddhist

Question: who were the Tibetan areas were ruled by?
Answer: the Ming

Question: Wang and Nyima believed horses were collected from Tibet as what kind of tax?
Answer: a mandatory "corvée" tax

Question: Who did the Ming trade horses with?
Answer: Tibet

Question: Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols?
Answer: Altan Khan

Question: Who did Altan Khan overthrow?
Answer: the Oirat Mongol confederation's hegemony

Question: Who did Altan Khan make peace with?
Answer: the Ming dynasty

Question: Who convinced the Ming to reopen their border markets in 1573?
Answer: Altan Khan

Question: When did the Hongwu Emperor use military force in Tibet?
Answer: the 14th century

Question: When was the Marquis Mu Ying commissioned to quell?
Answer: November 1378

Question: How many Tibetan prisoners did Mu Ying capture?
Answer: 30,000

Question: How many animals did Mu Ying capture?
Answer: 200,000

Question: Who was ordered to force a Tibetan assault into Sichuan?
Answer: Ming general Qu Neng

Question: What did the mid Ming dynasty discussion focus mainly on?
Answer: recovery of the Ordos region

Question: Who used the the Ordos region as a place to stage raids? 
Answer: the Mongols

Question: Where were the Mongols trying to raise? 
Answer: Ming China

Question: Why did P. Christiaan Klieger believe that the Ming court supported high Tibetan lamas?
Answer: to help stabilize border regions and protect trade routes

Question: What policy does Luciano Petech and Sato Hisashi claim the Ming held towards the Tibet?
Answer: divide-and-rule

Question: When did the Ming hold the divide and rule policy?
Answer: after the Sakya regime had fallen

Question: Who did Yongle Emperor fail to build a solid relationship with?
Answer: fifth Karmapa

Question: Who did the Yongle Emperor give patronage to?
Answer: many different Tibetan lamas

Question: Who were the Rinpungpa leaders related to?
Answer: the Phagmodrupa

Question: When did the the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa?
Answer: 1498

Question: What was the most important event to the Gelug?
Answer: New Years ceremonies and prayers

Question: When was Gelug was given the right to conduct the New Years prayer?
Answer: 1518

Question: When did the Zhengde Emperor rule? 
Answer: 1505–1521

Question: Who's company did the Zhengde Emperor enjoy?
Answer: the company of lamas

Question: Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama?
Answer: Mikyö Dorje

Question: Who said Tibet  wasn't an integral part of of China?
Answer: Chinese writers of the early 20th century

Question: What does Sperling claim did not have any control over Tibet?
Answer: China's intervening Ming dynasty

Question: Since what century has Sperling described Ming and Tibet's relation being problematic for China? 
Answer: the 13th century

Question: When was the Manchu Qing dynasty invasion?
Answer: the 18th century

Question: During Which dynasty does Josef Kolmaš claim Tibet was considered an organic part of China?
Answer: the Qing dynasty

Question: Josef Kolmaš  states that Tibet became subject to what government? 
Answer: the Chinese central government

Question: Who does P. Christiaan Klieger claim to have had a mutual role of religious prelate?
Answer: the Tibetan lamas and Mongol khans

Question: Who does P. Christiaan Klieger believe undertook the former imperial tributaries?
Answer: the Republic of China and its Communist successors

Question: Where does P. Christiaan Klieger work?
Answer: the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco

Question: Who was the  vice royalty of the Sakya regime established by?
Answer: the Mongols