Question: What tribes migranted en masse to the Iranian plateau in the 10th Century?
Answer: Turkic tribes

Question: Where did these Turkic tribes come from before the migrated into Iran in the 10th Century?
Answer: Central Asia

Question: The Abbasid army replaced Iranian and Arabic men with Turkic tribesmen as what element in their army?
Answer: mamluks (slave-warriors)

Question: In what year did the Ghaznavids briefly control large portions of Iran?
Answer: 999

Question: How were the Ghaznavids different from the original Turkics that migrated into Iran?
Answer: These Turks had been Persianized and had adopted Persian models of administration and rulership

Question: Who established an Ilkhanate in Iran after the break up of the Mongol Empire in 1256?
Answer: Hulagu Khan

Question: Timur established the Timurid Empire in Iran in what year?
Answer: 1370

Question: How long did the Timurid empire last in Iran?
Answer: 156 years

Question: The Ilkhans and Tumrids had what type of culture when ruling Iran?
Answer: a culture that was distinctively Iranian

Question: How many citizens were massacred in Isfahan by Timur in 1387?
Answer: 70,000 citizens

Question: Who established the Safavid Dynasty?
Answer: Ismail I from Ardabil

Question: What was the capital of the Safavid Dynasty?
Answer: Tabriz

Question: Ismail I forced a conversion to what Islamic branch?
Answer: Shia Islam

Question: What country is currently the only official Shia nation of the world?
Answer: Iran

Question: What Empire neighbored and had a rivalry with Safavid Iran?
Answer: Ottoman Empire

Question: Safavid Iran peaked during whose reign?
Answer: Abbas the Great

Question: When did the Safavid Empire peak?
Answer: 1587–1629

Question: Who ended Safavid power in Iran in 1722?
Answer: Pashtun rebels

Question: Who was the last Safavid ruler who was defeated in 1722 by the Pashtuns in Isfahan?
Answer: Soltan Hosein

Question: Who drove out the Pashtuns from Iran in 1729?
Answer: Nader Shah

Question: Nader Shah expanded Iranian power to its highest peak since what Empire?
Answer: the Sassanid Empire

Question: Nader Shah took back what territories that were annexed by the Ottomans and the Russians?
Answer: Caucasian territories

Question: Where was Nader Shan from?
Answer: Khorasan

Question: In what year were the Pashtuns defeated and driven out of Iran?
Answer: 1729

Question: Whose death in 1779 led to a civil war in Iran?
Answer: Karim Khan

Question: Who founded the following Qajar Empire in 1794?
Answer: Aqa Mohammad Khan

Question: The Qajars drove the Russians out of what entire region?
Answer: the entire Caucasus

Question: The Qajars defeated the Russians at what battle to take over Tblisi?
Answer: Battle of Krtsanisi

Question: Iran lost territory in the Caucasus during what wars in the early 1800s?
Answer: Russo-Persian wars

Question: What wars resulted in Iran losing control of the Caucasus to the Russians?
Answer: the 19th century Russo-Persian wars

Question: What region consisting of Dagestan, Georgia, Armenia, & Azerbaijan did Iran lose control of to the Russians?
Answer: the Caucasus

Question: What century did Iran lose the Caucasus to Russia?
Answer: the 19th century

Question: The Gulistan and Turkmenchay treaties between Iran and Russia confirmed what?
Answer: Iran irrevocably lost control over its integral territories in the region

Question: When did a series of protests over foreign concessions sales in Iran occur?
Answer: Between 1872 and 1905

Question: What resulted from the series of protests in Iran over foreign concessions sales?
Answer: the Iranian Constitutional Revolution

Question: The first national parliament of Iran was founded in what year?
Answer: in 1906

Question: The first Constitution of Iran was founded in what year?
Answer: in 1906

Question: The Iranian Constitution did what for Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians in Iran?
Answer: official recognition of Iran's three religious minorities

Question: The constitutional movement in Iran lasted from 1906 until what year?
Answer: until 1911

Question: The British occupied Western Iran from World War 1 until finally withdrawing in what year?
Answer: 1921

Question: Who was defeated and forced to abdicate at the end of the Iranian constitutional movement?
Answer: Mohammad Ali Shah

Question: In 1911, Russians occupied Northern Iran under what pretext?
Answer: restoring order

Question: Who massacred many Assyrian Iranians around Urmia during World War 1?
Answer: Ottoman armies

Question: When was Reza Shah forced to abdicate in Iran?
Answer: 1941

Question: Who succeeded Reza Shah after his abdication?
Answer: his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Question: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi established what enormous supply route during World War 2?
Answer: the Persian Corridor

Question: Who backed two puppet regimes in/around Iran during WWII?
Answer: the Soviet Union

Question: What happened which ended in two puppet states dissolving and Soviet withdrawal out of Iran after WWII?
Answer: the Iran crisis of 1946

Question: What year did oil price spikes in Iran lead to inflation?
Answer: 1973

Question: What caused inflation to Iran's economy during the oil price spike in 1973?
Answer: economy of Iran was flooded with foreign currency

Question: Iran's inflation led to what in 1975-1976?
Answer: an economic recession

Question: Why did millions of youth migrate to the urban areas of Iran in the mid 1970s?
Answer: construction jobs

Question: Due to increased unemployment, who mainly opposed the Shah's regime?
Answer: millions of youth who had migrated to the cities

Question: The new Iranian government following the Shah's downfall dealt with the Kurdish rebellion in what year?
Answer: 1979

Question: How did the new Iranian government handle the rebellions and uprisings following their rise to power?
Answer: in a violent manner

Question: The new Iranian government purged itself of what political opposition?
Answer: non-Islamist

Question: What happened to the nationalists and Marxists that had helped the Islamic ruling government to depose the Shah?
Answer: were executed

Question: Who seized the US Embassy in Iran in 1979?
Answer: a group of students

Question: When was the US Embassy in Iran seized?
Answer: November 4, 1979

Question: ALl of the hostages were completely freed as the result of what treaty?
Answer: Algiers Accords

Question: Who won the 1980 US Presidential Elections after President Carter's repeated failed attempts to resolve the US Iranian Embassy situation? 
Answer: Ronald Reagan

Question: How many hostages were taken in the US Embassy seizure?
Answer: 52 personnel and citizens

Question: Who invaded Iran in 1980?
Answer: the Iraqi army

Question: When did the Iranian army push the Iraqis back into Iraq? 
Answer: mid 1982

Question: Who mediated the truce which ended the Iran-Iraq War?
Answer: the UN

Question: When did the Iran-Iraq War finally end?
Answer: 1988

Question: How many civilians in Iran were killed during the Iran-Iraq War?
Answer: 11,000–16,000

Question: What latitudes does Iran lie between?
Answer: 24° and 40° N

Question: What is the size of Iran?
Answer: 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi)

Question: Where does Iran border the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman?
Answer: to the south

Question: What longitudes does Iran lie between?
Answer: 44° and 64° E

Question: What does Iran border with to its north?
Answer: the Caspian Sea

Question: Iran's landscape is dominated by what geographical feature?
Answer: rugged mountain ranges

Question: What is Iran's highest mountain?
Answer: Mount Damavand

Question: How tall is Mount Damavand?
Answer: 5,610 m (18,406 ft)

Question: Mount Damavand is located in what range?
Answer: Alborz Mountains

Question: Iran's climate along its Capsian coast and northen forests is?
Answer: subtropical

Question: During what season does Iran's northern region's temperatures never go higher than 29c?
Answer: Summer