Question: What did Brandenburg use the recording to refine?
Answer: the MP3 compression algorithm

Question: What word describes the nature of the song used?
Answer: monophonic

Question: As a result of her song being used, Suzanne Vega is sometimes referred to as what?
Answer: The mother of MP3

Question: Excerpts were taken from which reference compact disc to assess the subjective quality of the MPEG audio formats?
Answer: EBU V3/SQAM

Question: Who developed the reference simulation software?
Answer: the ISO MPEG Audio committee

Question: Which language was the reference simulation software written in?
Answer: C

Question: When was the reference software approved?
Answer: March 1994

Question: When did the reference software become an international standard?
Answer: 1998

Question: What could the reference software demonstrate?
Answer: real time hardware decoding

Question: When was the first software MP3 encoder released?
Answer: 7 July 1994

Question: What was the name of the first software MP3 encoder?
Answer: l3enc

Question: What was the filename extension?
Answer: .mp3

Question: What was the name of the first real-time software MP3 player?
Answer: WinPlay3

Question: What was the average high end hard drive size?
Answer: 1000 MB

Question: What was Jonathan Sterne's profession?
Answer: sound scholar

Question: Which nationality was the hacker who acquired I3enc?
Answer: Australian

Question: What did the hacker use to acquire the software?
Answer: stolen credit card

Question: The hacker re-wrote which element of the program?
Answer: user interface

Question: How much did the new released program by the hacker cost?
Answer: free

Question: Where did MP3s begin to spread?
Answer: the Internet

Question: Which audio player was released in 1997?
Answer: Winamp

Question: Who released the audio player?
Answer: Nullsoft

Question: What was the name of the first portable solid state digital audio player?
Answer: MPMan

Question: In which country was the first portable audio player developed?
Answer: South Korea

Question: Which website offered MP3s for free?
Answer: mp3.com

Question: How many MP3s were offered for free by the website?
Answer: thousands

Question: What kind of file sharing became popular due to the file sizes of MP3s?
Answer: peer-to-peer

Question: How did people come into possession of MP3s?
Answer: ripped from CDs

Question: Which network was the first large peer to peer file sharing network?
Answer: Napster

Question: What kind of infringement resulted from sharing MP3s?
Answer: copyright

Question: What name did the record companies associate with MP3 file sharing?
Answer: music piracy

Question: Who was the target of the record companies?
Answer: Napster

Question: What happened to Napster?
Answer: shut down and later sold

Question: What kind of MP3 file sharing continues on?
Answer: Unauthorized

Question: Beatport, Bleep and Juno records are examples of what kind of service?
Answer: authorized

Question: What kind of music is sold by these companies?
Answer: unrestricted

Question: Which format is used by the companies that sell the music legally?
Answer: MP3

Question: A header and data block together make up what?
Answer: MP3 frames

Question: What is a sequence of MP3 frames called?
Answer: elementary stream

Question: What is used to identify the begining of a valid frame of an MP3 header?
Answer: dard

Question: How many bits are needed to indicate that layer 3 is used?
Answer: two

Question: MP3 files today contain what kind of metadeta?
Answer: ID3

Question: Which standard does not include a specification for an MP3 encoder?
Answer: MPEG-1

Question: Example psychoacoustic models and rate loops can be foundin which part of the original standard?
Answer: non-normative

Question: What were implementers of the standard supposed to devise?
Answer: their own algorithms

Question: It is easy for a prospective user of an encoder to research the best choice because of what factor?
Answer: Comparisons are widely available

Question: An encoder that is proficient at encoding at higher bit rates might be worse at what?
Answer: lower bit rates

Question: How many domain samples are taken during encoding?
Answer: 576

Question: Domain samples are transformed into what?
Answer: frequency-domain samples

Question: When are 192 samples taken instead of 576?
Answer: there is a transient

Question: When 192 samples are taken instead of 576, it is done in an effort to limit what?
Answer: temporal spread

Question: What accompanies a transient?
Answer: quantization noise

Question: What kind of structure does a filter bank have?
Answer: tree

Question: Due to a specific kind of structure, what kind of problems are made worse?
Answer: pre-echo problems

Question: What kind of resolution are the filter banks unable to provide an optimal solution for?
Answer: time/frequency

Question: Combining two filter banks' outputs creates what kind of problem?
Answer: aliasing

Question: The need to code excess energy in the frequency domain decreases what kind of efficiency?
Answer: coding

Question: What is carefully defined in the standard?
Answer: Decoding

Question: What are most decoders?
Answer: bitstream compliant

Question: The ISO/IEC high standard document states that the decompressed output produced from a given MP3 file will be the same within what standards?
Answer: specified degree of rounding tolerance

Question: Decoders are usually compared by examining which factor?
Answer: computationally efficient

Question: The efficiency of decoders is examined by seeing how much memory and what other process they use in the decoding process?
Answer: CPU time

Question: What is there no official provision for?
Answer: gapless playback

Question: What is an example of an encoder that can attach additional metadeta?
Answer: LAME

Question: Adding additional metadata allows players to handle gapless playback and deliver what?
Answer: seamless playback

Question: For encoders and decoders, what is not defined?
Answer: overall delay

Question: A typical trade off when creating an MP3 file is between the amount of space used and what other factor?
Answer: sound quality of the result

Question: What would an example of lossy audio encoding be?
Answer: creating an MP3 file

Question: Who gets to set the bit rate for an MP3 file?
Answer: the creator

Question: What does the bit rate of the file actually mean?
Answer: how many kilobits the file may use per second of audio

Question: If the bit rate is higher, the size of the compressed file will be what?
Answer: larger

Question: If the bit rate is too low, what might be audible in the reproduction?
Answer: compression artifacts

Question: Sounds that were not in the original recording are referred to as what?
Answer: compression artifacts

Question: Randomness and sharp attacks are two reasons that may make it harder to to do what to an audio file?
Answer: compress

Question: Other than pre - echo, what is another example of what can happen when audio is compressed?
Answer: ringing

Question: What kind of sample can display a good example of compression artifacts?
Answer: A sample of applause

Question: Other than the bit rate and the difficulty of the signal, what can also affect the quality of an MP3 file?
Answer: quality of the encoder

Question: The MP3 standard allows encoders to have a lot of freedom with which aspect of encoding?
Answer: encoding algorithms

Question: As a result of the freedom, different encoders can result in different quality even if which aspect of the file is the same?
Answer: bit rates

Question: An example shown has a low range quality score of what value?
Answer: 2.22

Question: To compare qualities, sound files are evaluated on a scale that ranges from 1 to what?
Answer: 5

Question: How many bit rates does the simplest type of MP3 file use?
Answer: one

Question: What does CBR stand for?
Answer: Constant Bit Rate