Question: What factor was credited to the large number of German casualties?
Answer: effectiveness of the chassepot rifle

Question: What outcome surprised the Germans the following day?
Answer: Frossard had abandoned his position

Question: On which date was the Battle of Gravelotte?
Answer: 18 August

Question: Which battle was considered the biggest in the war?
Answer: The Battle of Gravelotte

Question: Where was the location of the Battle of Gravelotte? 
Answer: 6 miles (9.7 km) west of Metz

Question: Under which Field Marshall were the combined German forces commanded?
Answer: Count Helmuth von Moltke

Question: Who commanded the French Army of the Rhine?
Answer: Marshal François-Achille Bazaine

Question: What factor forced the French to retreat to Metz?
Answer: the defeat of Marshal Bazaine's Army

Question: At Metz, what was the approximate number of Prussian troops?
Answer: over 150,000

Question: Who formed the new French Army of Chalons?
Answer: Napoleon III and MacMahon

Question: Along with the Army of the Meuse, what other army did Moltke march north with?
Answer: the Prussian Third Army

Question: How many casualties did Moltke suffer at Beaumont?
Answer: 5,000 men

Question: At the start of the war, which country did European public opinion champion?
Answer: the Germans

Question: In which city did many Italians attempt to proffer their services to the Prussian embassy?
Answer: Florence

Question: What caused a dramatic shift in Italian sentiment toward the war?
Answer: Bismarck's demand for the return of Alsace

Question: To whom is the quote, "Rescue the French Republic by every means" attributed?
Answer: Garibaldi

Question: What army did Garibaldi gain command of in France?
Answer: the Army of the Vosges

Question: On which date did hostilities between the German and French troops begin near Orleans?
Answer: 10 October

Question: Which side was initially successful at the Battle of Coulmiers?
Answer: the Germans

Question: On which date did the French triump over the Germans at the Battle of Coulmiers?
Answer: 9 November

Question: On which date were the French forced to abandon Orleans?
Answer: 4 December

Question: Of the three battles that occured north of Paris, which was the first that forced the French army to retreat?
Answer: Battle of Amiens

Question: What was public opinion in Paris strongly opposed to?
Answer: any form of surrender

Question: On what date did president Trochu resign?
Answer: 25 January

Question: Who replaced President Trochu?
Answer: Favre

Question: In which French city was the surrender made official?
Answer: Versailles

Question: Who disregarded the surrender and launched a failed attack on the Germans?
Answer: Gambetta

Question: What stunned neutral observers about the end of the war?
Answer: The quick German victory

Question: What outcome had most people expected from the war?
Answer: French victory

Question: Whose strategic advantages were not appreciated until after the war over?
Answer: the Germans

Question: What German advantages were discerned by other countries in the aftermath? 
Answer: their military system

Question: What is at least one German innovation that other countries would later adopt in other wars?
Answer: highly detailed mobilization systems

Question: The effect of German victory and ensuing influence stems back to what factor?
Answer: pre-war preparations

Question: What was the Prussian General staff quick to utilize at the onset of the war?
Answer: detailed mobilization plans using the railway system

Question: What was one factor behind the inefficiency of the French railway system?
Answer: multiple competing companies

Question: What factor especially affected travel to the front in Alsace and Lorraine?
Answer: frequent changes between trains

Question: Who was responsible for dealing with chaotic train yards and unloaded wagons?
Answer: nobody

Question: Who commanded the Prussian 12 Cavalry Brigade?
Answer: General Adalbert von Bredow

Question: What did General von Bredow lead a charge against at the Battle of Mars-la-Tour?
Answer: a French artillery battery

Question: What did von Bredow's Pyrrhic victory become known as?
Answer: von Bredow's Death Ride

Question: What military tactic proved to be unsuccessful on the 1914 battlefields?
Answer: Use of traditional cavalry

Question: What was one of two factors that led von Bredow's narrow success on the battlefield?
Answer: favorable terrain that masked his approach

Question: In which Prussian province did a large Polish population reside?
Answer: Posen

Question: What was there strong support of in Posen?
Answer: the French

Question: What calls were made for the Polish recruits?
Answer: to desert from the Prussian Army

Question: On what date did Bismarkck receive the disturbing report on the Posen situation?
Answer: 16 August 1870

Question: What significant consequence was a result of German-Polish relations?
Answer: prolonged period of repressive measures

Question: What are the causes of the Franco-Prussian War deeply rooted in?
Answer: the unification of Germany

Question: In the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian war, formed what group?
Answer: North German Confederation

Question: What was the effect of that new group on the European balance of power?
Answer: new power destabilized

Question: What established the European balance of power in 1815?
Answer: the Congress of Vienna

Question: As Prussia sought to incorporated several German kingdoms, what stance did France assume?
Answer: strongly opposed to any further alliance of German states

Question: In peacetime, what the approximate number of French soldiers?
Answer: 400,000

Question: Veterans of the French Army had prviously fought in which war in Italy?
Answer: the Franco-Austrian War

Question: The "Seven Weeks War" was between which two countries?
Answer: Prussia and Austria

Question: Who reformed the low numbers of troops by implementing universal conscription?
Answer: Marshal Adolphe Niel

Question: If a citizen was for some reason not conscripted, in what militia were they were registered?
Answer: the Garde Mobile

Question: What entity controlled the Prussian army?
Answer: the General Staff

Question: Who commanded the General Staff?
Answer: Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke

Question: What was the unique purpose of the Prussian Army during peacetime?
Answer: to prepare the overall war strategy

Question: The officers of the General Staff were hand-selected from which place?
Answer: Prussian Kriegsakademie (War Academy)

Question: What new technologies in particular were courted by Moltke?
Answer: the railroad and telegraph

Question: On which date did Frossard's and Bazaines's troops cross the German border?
Answer: 2 August

Question: What proved its worth against the Dreyse rifle?
Answer: The Chassepot rifle

Question: Which regiment did their respective corps force from the town of Saarbrucken?
Answer: the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division

Question: How many casualties did the French suffer at Saarbrucken?
Answer: 86 casualties

Question: How many casualties did the Prussians suffer at Saarbrucken?
Answer: 83 casualties

Question: A dispatch was edited about a meeting between the French ambassador and what Prussian king?
Answer: King William

Question: What was the purpose of editing the dispatch?
Answer: to make it appear that the French had been insulted

Question: On which date did the French parliament vote to declare war on Prussia?
Answer: 16 July 1870

Question: What diplomatic crisis was Bismarck credited with skillfully creating? 
Answer: succession to the Spanish throne

Question: Where did the quickly mobilised troops first invade in France?
Answer: northeastern France

Question: Which town's people surrendered to the Germans?
Answer: Wissembourg

Question: In which direction did the French troops who did not surrender head?
Answer: westward

Question: How many dead troops leave behind?
Answer: 1,000 dead