Question: When did Centers for Medicine & Medicaid Services have to start collecting information?
Answer: starting in 2013

Question: The Physician Financial Transparency Reports was part of what other act?
Answer: Sunshine Act

Question: In what year were Medicaid and Medicare required to disclose information about their relationships with doctors and hospitals?
Answer: 2013

Question: Where can financial relationships between Medicaid, Medicare and pharmaceutical companies be found?
Answer: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services website

Question: What is expected when the relationships are made public?
Answer: relationship between doctors and Pharmaceutical industry will become fully transparent

Question: What disease had the biggest decline of deaths?
Answer: tuberculosis

Question: What was responsible for the decline in spreading diseases?
Answer: use of antibiotics, early diagnosis, and other factors

Question: What period was the report issued in 1958 cover?
Answer: 1946-1955

Question: Who issued the report in 1958?
Answer: Federal Trade Commission

Question: What were eight diseases examined for?
Answer: mortality rates

Question: How much did the mortality rate of common bacterial infections decline between 1946-1955?
Answer: 56%

Question: How much did the mortality rate of tuberculosis drop between 1946-1955?
Answer: 75%

Question: Who issued a report describing the effects of antibiotic developments?
Answer: Federal Trade Commission

Question: In what year was the FTC's report issued?
Answer: 1958

Question: How much did treatment for each patient in Africa cost?
Answer: 10,000 and 15,000 USD per patient per year

Question: Who backed the South African government which caused the case to be dropped?
Answer: The Netherlands, Germany, France, and later the US

Question: Who brought litigation to South Africa?
Answer: 40 multi-national pharmaceutical companies

Question: How many signatures were collected by MSF?
Answer: 250,000 signatures

Question: When was litigation brought to South Africa?
Answer: March 2001

Question: How many companies sued South Africa for its Medicines Act?
Answer: 40

Question: South Africa's Medicines Act allowed for the generic production of what kind of drugs?
Answer: antiretroviral

Question: How much did ARV drugs cost patients yearly?
Answer: between 10,000 and 15,000 USD

Question: How many signatures were collected supporting public health rights?
Answer: 250,000

Question: What Act forbade misbranded drugs?
Answer: Pure Food and Drugs Act

Question: What caused a Tetanus outbreak?
Answer: contaminated smallpox vaccine and diphtheria antitoxin

Question: What act allowed premarket approval for drugs?
Answer: The Biologics Control Act of 1902

Question: When did the Pure Food and Drugs Act get implemented?
Answer: 1906

Question: Who restricted the federal government's enforcement powers?
Answer: Supreme Court

Question: What was the name of the law that required premarket approval for producing drugs?
Answer: Biologics Control Act of 1902

Question: What law banned the interstate distribution of mislabeled food and drugs? 
Answer: Pure Food and Drugs Act

Question: In what year was the Pure Food and Drugs Act passed?
Answer: 1906

Question: Who adopted the Doha Declaration?
Answer: World Trade Organization

Question: What did the TRIPS agreement accomplish?
Answer: countries must allow pharmaceutical products to be patented

Question: Why are patents criticized?
Answer: thought to reduce access to existing medicines

Question: What did the Doha Declaration do?
Answer: indicates that the TRIPS agreement should be read with the goals of public health in mind, and allows some methods for circumventing pharmaceutical monopolies

Question: When was the Doha Declaration adopted?
Answer: 2001

Question: What has been accused of reducing access to medicines in developing countries?
Answer: Patents

Question: The Doha Declaration allows for what ways for monopolies to be bypassed?
Answer: compulsory licensing or parallel imports

Question: When did the World Trade Organization adopt the Doha Declaration?
Answer: 2001

Question: How much money was recovered through the False Claims?
Answer: $2.5 billion

Question: What are some of the schemes used to defraud the health care system?
Answer: Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Violations, Off Label Marketing, Best Price Fraud, CME Fraud, Medicaid Price Reporting, and Manufactured Compound Drugs.

Question: What is pharmaceutical fraud?
Answer: deceptions which bring financial gain to a pharmaceutical company

Question: Who had the biggest fraud case settlement?
Answer: GlaxoSmithKline

Question: What provision rewards "whistle-blowers"?
Answer: qui tam

Question: What kind of fraud financially benefits a drug company?
Answer: Pharmaceutical fraud

Question: Who is affected by pharmaceutical fraud?
Answer: individuals and public and private insurers

Question: How much money lost to pharmaceutical fraud was recovered in 2010?
Answer: $2.5 billion

Question: Which act allows whistleblowers to recover money lost from pharmaceutical fraud?
Answer: False Claims Act

Question: What drugs reduce the risk of death and other events in people with high blood pressure?
Answer: thiazide antihypertensive drugs

Question: Who conducted the review on Thiazide Antihypertensive drugs?
Answer: Cochrane

Question: What were Thiazide Antihypertensive drugs used with?
Answer: combination therapy

Question: What do ACE inhibitors do?
Answer: reduce the risk of new onset kidney disease [RR 0.71] and death [RR 0.84] in diabetic patients

Question: In what year did Cochrane release the report?
Answer: 2009

Question: What reduces the risk of new onset kidney diseases and death?
Answer: ACE inhibitors

Question: What type of drugs reduced the risk of strokes and heart disease for people with high blood pressure?
Answer: thiazide antihypertensive drugs

Question: In what year was thiazide antihypertensive drugs shown to help those with heart problems?
Answer: 2009

Question: Who put out a report in 2012?
Answer: President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology

Question: What has been argued restricted innovation?
Answer: excessive regulation

Question: What was a recommendations brought about from the report?
Answer: expanding the FDA's use of accelerated approval processes

Question: What is one thing excessive regulations causes?
Answer: therapeutic innovation

Question: What can be used to evaluate new approval processes?
Answer: pilot projects

Question: What is excessive drug regulation said to suppress?
Answer: therapeutic innovation

Question: In what year was a report made to reduce the burdens of drug development?
Answer: 2012

Question: What was argued to be holding back new knowledge for treating diseases?
Answer: current cost of regulator-required clinical trials

Question: Who discovered Hydralazine?
Answer: researchers at Ciba

Question: Why were the researchers recognized in 1975?
Answer: the saving of untold thousands of lives and the alleviation of the suffering of millions of victims of hypertension

Question: Who developed Chlorothiazide?
Answer: Karl H. Beyer, James M. Sprague, John E. Baer, and Frederick C. Novello of Merck and Co

Question: What is  Chlorothiazide used to treat?
Answer: hypertension

Question: What was the main shortcoming in the drug Hydralazine?
Answer: lost its effectiveness over time

Question: What was the name of the first oral vasodilator?
Answer: hydralazine

Question: What is the most used antihypertensive drug today?
Answer: chlorothiazide

Question: Beyer, Sprague, Baer, and Novello received what award in 1975?
Answer: Public Health Lasker Award

Question: In what year was hydralazine discovered?
Answer: 1952

Question: Chlorothiazide helped reduce the mortality rate among those with what disease?
Answer: hypertension

Question: What act needed provisions?
Answer: FD&C