Question: What principle made the Bible the one source for teaching?
Answer: sola scriptura

Question: What did reformers considered their beliefs to be, in terms of focus?
Answer: Christocentric

Question: What is the second principle of Protestantism?
Answer: sola fide (by faith alone)

Question: Faith can bring what eternal benefit?
Answer: salvation

Question: When did Protestantism begin to split?
Answer: the mid-to-late 16th century

Question: What was one of the main causes of the split in Protestantism?
Answer: controversy over the Eucharist

Question: What Catholic belief did early Protestants not agree with?
Answer: transubstantiation

Question: What two substances are used in a Catholic Mass?
Answer: bread and wine

Question: Whose body and blood is considered present in Holy Communion?
Answer: Christ

Question: Who was one of the first to try to reform the Catholic Church?
Answer: Arnold of Brescia

Question: When were the Waldensians created?
Answer: the early 1170s

Question: In what year were the Waldensians labeled as heretics?
Answer: 1215

Question: Where does the Waldensian movement still exist currently?
Answer: Italy

Question: What teachings originated with Arnold of Brescia?
Answer: apostolic poverty

Question: Who started the Hussite movement?
Answer: Jan Hus

Question: Whose words were an inspiration for Jan Hus?
Answer: John Wycliffe

Question: How many crusades were waged against the Hussites?
Answer: five

Question: Who called the crusades against the Hussites?
Answer: the Pope

Question: When did Martin Luther attach his 95 theses on the door of the church?
Answer: 31 October 1517

Question: What did the theses argue against selling?
Answer: indulgences

Question: What Catholic devotion would Martin Luther write about after the 95 theses/
Answer: Virgin Mary

Question: Where was All Saints' Church?
Answer: Wittenberg

Question: Who did Martin Luther criticize in the 95 theses?
Answer: the Church and the papacy

Question: Who condemned the Reformation?
Answer: the Pope

Question: Who wrote the Ordinances of 1541?
Answer: John Calvin

Question: What city became the unofficial capital of the Protestant movement?
Answer: Geneva

Question: When did John Calvin die?
Answer: 1563

Question: What type of missionaries were taught in Geneva?
Answer: Calvinist

Question: What was the nickname for French Protestants?
Answer: Huguenots

Question: What did the French find alienating about Catholicism?
Answer: the obduracy and the complacency of the Catholic establishment

Question: When were French nobles converted to Protestantism?
Answer: the 1550s

Question: When was the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
Answer: August 1572

Question: Whose death caused an increase in the French civil wars?
Answer: Henry II

Question: Who began the Protestant movement in Switzerland?
Answer: Huldrych Zwingli

Question: Which two areas had a long history of resentment?
Answer: the German states and the Swiss Confederation

Question: What was the name of the meeting to make an alliance between Zwingli and Luther?
Answer: the Colloquy of Marburg

Question: What Prince hosted the Colloquy of Marburg?
Answer: Prince Philip of Hesse

Question: What did the Colloquy of Marburg become infamous for?
Answer: its failure

Question: Under whose reign did the Church of England part from Rome?
Answer: Henry VIII

Question: When was the Act of Supremacy passed?
Answer: 1534

Question: What made Anglicanism into a more distinct tradition?
Answer: The Elizabethan Religious Settlement

Question: In what years were the Dissolution of the Monasteries carried out?
Answer: Between 1535 and 1540

Question: Who was made the Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1534?
Answer: King Henry

Question: The growth of Puritanism happened during what age?
Answer: the Elizabethan Age

Question: What did the Puritans want the Church of England to emulate?
Answer: the Protestant churches of Europe

Question: The Puritan movement worked on reforming what church?
Answer: the Church of England

Question: What was another name for the later Puritan movement?
Answer: dissenters and nonconformists

Question: What did the later Puritan movement create?
Answer: various Reformed denominations

Question: When was the Scottish Reformation?
Answer: 1560

Question: The Scottish Reformation decreased what country's influence?
Answer: France

Question: Who was the leader of the Scottish Reformation?
Answer: John Knox

Question: Whose regime made possible the Scottish Reformation?
Answer: Mary of Guise

Question: When was the Papal Jurisdiction Act passed?
Answer: 1560

Question: When was the German Peasants' War?
Answer: 1524–25

Question: What war was waged from 1618 to 1648?
Answer: the Thirty Years' War

Question: How much was the German population reduced during the Thirty Years' War?
Answer: between 25% and 40%

Question: What treaty ended the Thirty Years' War?
Answer: the Peace of Westphalia

Question: Where was the German Peasants' War?
Answer: the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities

Question: What movement occurred during the 1730's and 1740's?
Answer: The First Great Awakening

Question: What movement made a permanent mark on Protestantism in the U.S.?
Answer: The First Great Awakening

Question: When did the Second Great Awakening start?
Answer: around 1790

Question: Which congregations joined the Second Great Awakening the most after 1820?
Answer: Baptist and Methodist

Question: When did the Second Great Awakening lose momentum?
Answer: by the late 1840s

Question: What did the Second Great Awakening create?
Answer: the formation of new denominations

Question: What was the Second Great Awakening a reaction against?
Answer: skepticism, deism, and rationalism

Question: When was the Third Great Awakening?
Answer: the late 1850s to the early 20th century

Question: What denominations did the Third Great Awakening affect?
Answer: pietistic Protestant denominations

Question: What other movement gained its force from the Third Great Awakening?
Answer: the worldwide missionary movement

Question: What movement was affiliated with the Third Great Awakening?
Answer: the Social Gospel Movement

Question: What new groups were formed as a result of the Third Great Awakening?
Answer: the Holiness, Nazarene, and Christian Science movements

Question: What modern movement began in the 20th century?
Answer: the modern Pentecostal movement

Question: What were the roots of the modern Pentecostal movement?
Answer: Methodist and Wesleyan

Question: What movement did Pentecostalism create?
Answer: the Charismatic movement

Question: In what city did the modern Pentecostal movement begin?
Answer: Los Angeles

Question: What type of mission was the birthplace of the modern Pentecostal movement?
Answer: urban

Question: Where has there been a rise in evangelical Protestantism?
Answer: In the United States and elsewhere in the world

Question: What type of churches have declined?
Answer: mainstream liberal churches

Question: When did Liberal Christianity increase?
Answer: In the post–World War I era

Question: When did conservative churches start to increase?
Answer: In the post–World War II era

Question: What type of evangelical churches are the most popular?
Answer: those that are more exclusively evangelical

Question: What direction has Europe moved towards?
Answer: secularism

Question: What caused the spread of secularism?
Answer: The Enlightenment

Question: What areas have a higher rate of Christian observance?
Answer: North America, South America and Australia

Question: When did South America show an increase in Evangelicals?
Answer: the 20th and 21st centuries

Question: What country is more religious than other developed nations?
Answer: United States

Question: Which reformation was seen as not being effective enough?
Answer: the Magisterial Reformation

Question: What did Karlstadt call Lutheran theologians?
Answer: new papists