Question: What are two organisms that have more non-repetitive than repetitive DNA?
Answer: C. elegans and fruit fly

Question: What is the percentage of non-repetitive DNA in some plant and amphibian genomes?
Answer: 20%

Question: What are two types of repetitive DNA found in genomes?
Answer: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats

Question: What is found by dividing size of repetitive DNA by length of total genome?
Answer: proportion of repetitive DNA

Question: Unequal crossing over can create what type of repetitive DNA?
Answer: Tandem repeats

Question: What are two examples of tandem repeats in DNA?
Answer: satellite DNA and microsatellites

Question: What is the most common type of repetitive DNA in mammals?
Answer: interspersed repeats.

Question: What is the main source of interspersed repeats?
Answer: Transposable elements

Question: What do researchers think transposable elements are key factors in when considering higher eukaryotes?
Answer: genome evolution

Question: What are the constituents of Class 1 transposable elements?
Answer: retrotransposons

Question: What are the constituents of Class 2 transposable elements?
Answer: DNA transposons

Question: What kind of genetic material can be produced from retrotransposons?
Answer: RNA

Question: What is a term that can describe how DNA transposons move?
Answer: cut and paste

Question: DNA transposons do not use which genetic material used by Class 1 TEs?
Answer: RNA

Question: What is another word for the total count of chromosomes?
Answer: karyotype

Question: Aside from karyotype, what are other genomic traits studied by scientists?
Answer: genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content

Question: What type of generation of genetic material has a big part in making the genome what it is?
Answer: Duplications

Question: What is a possible product of duplications?
Answer: genetic novelty

Question: What is an explanation for the resemblance between disparate parts of the genome?
Answer: Horizontal gene transfer

Question: In which organisms does horizontal gene transfer appear to occur commonly?
Answer: microbes

Question: Parts of which organelle genomes are thought to have ended up in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells via transfer?
Answer: chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes

Question: What kind of school does not base its admissions on academic merit?
Answer: comprehensive school

Question: What kind of school system uses academic success to judge admissions?
Answer: selective school system

Question: What countries used comprehensive schools extensively?
Answer: England and Wales

Question: How many secondary school students attend comprehensive schools in England?
Answer: 90%

Question: What is the German analogue of the comprehensive school?
Answer: Gesamtschule

Question: What are some areas of learning in comprehensive schools that were not found often in grammar schools?
Answer: design and technology and vocational learning

Question: What two kinds of schools were developed in response to the costs of post-16 comprehensive school education?
Answer: Sixth Form colleges and Further Education Colleges

Question: Which types of school projects have called the model of comprehensive schools into question?
Answer: City Technology Colleges and Specialist schools programmes

Question: How many selective grammar schools are still currently functioning in England and Wales?
Answer: 164

Question: In what year were comprehensive schools first created?
Answer: 1965

Question: What is a word that can be used to describe the scope of a comprehensive school's intake?
Answer: neighbourhood

Question: What are some new initiatives that may impact the concept of comprehensive schools?
Answer: Academies Programme, Free Schools and University Technical Colleges

Question: In what decade did Finland begin employing comprehensive schools?
Answer: 1970s

Question: What age ranges does Finnish comprehensive school cover?
Answer: 7 to 16

Question: What type of school is the Gesamtschule?
Answer: comprehensive

Question: What kinds of courses are offered to students who are not experiencing academic success?
Answer: remedial

Question: What are the different kinds of certificates that Gesamtschule students can earn?
Answer: the Hauptschulabschluss, the Realschulabschluss or the Abitur

Question: What percentage of Brandenburg students went to a Gesamtschule in 2007?
Answer: 50%

Question: What percentage of Bavarian students went to a Gesamtschule in 2007?
Answer: less than 1%

Question: What was the combination of Hauptschulen with Realschulen and Gesamtschulen called in Hamburg?
Answer: Stadtteilschule

Question: What was the combination of Hauptschulen with Realschulen and Gesamtschulen called in Berlin?
Answer: Sekundarschule

Question: In what school year were Hauptschulen first combined with Realschulen and Gesamtschulen?
Answer: 2010/2011

Question: What kind of classes are not offered in Mittelschule?
Answer: college preparatory classes

Question: What certificate is not available to Mittelschule students?
Answer: Abitur

Question: What kind of school is not available in some parts of Germany?
Answer: Hauptschule

Question: What type of misconduct have comprehensive schools been alleged of engaging in?
Answer: grade inflation

Question: Which German minister criticized comprehensive schools' ability to help students succeed?
Answer: Barbara Sommer

Question: Which German politician defended comprehensive schools?
Answer: Sigrid Beer

Question: Which party does Barbara Sommer belong to?
Answer: Christian Democratic Union

Question: Which party does Sigrid Beer belong to?
Answer: Alliance '90/The Greens

Question: Who could be made vulnerable by the Gasemtschulen?
Answer: bright working class students

Question: From what group does an achievement gap separate working class students at comprehensive schools?
Answer: middle class peers

Question: At which school do students achieve the least success?
Answer: Hauptschule

Question: Who conducted a study on comprehensive schools?
Answer: Helmut Fend

Question: To which system did Fend compare comprehensive school alumni?
Answer: tripartite system

Question: When was the first comprehensive school opened in Gibraltar?
Answer: 1972

Question: Where can students go after finishing comprehensive school in Gibraltar?
Answer: sixth form

Question: What examinations do students prepare for in the sixth form?
Answer: A-levels

Question: When did Ireland first open comprehensive schools?
Answer: 1966

Question: Who was responsible for creating comprehensive schools in Ireland?
Answer: Patrick Hillery

Question: What was the only state-run educational system in Ireland prior to comprehensive schools?
Answer: vocational school system

Question: What type of school has surpassed comprehensive schools in Ireland?
Answer: community school

Question: In what decade were community schools conceived?
Answer: 1970s

Question: Who owns the land on which Irish comprehensive schools are found?
Answer: The state

Question: What did the community school system remove from the comprehensive school model?
Answer: the denominational basis of the schools

Question: What is a term for a grouping of local schools that cannot exist independently?
Answer: Community colleges

Question: In what year was the Walworth School established?
Answer: 1946

Question: Who established the Walworth School?
Answer: London County Council

Question: What comprehensive school was established in Anglesey?
Answer: Holyhead County School

Question: When was Holyhead County School established?
Answer: 1949

Question: Which comprehensive school openend in coventry?
Answer: Woodlands Boys School

Question: Who was responsible for the proliferation of comprehensive schools in 1965?
Answer: Anthony Crosland

Question: what was Anthony Crosland's role in government?
Answer: Secretary of State for Education