Question: What were formed worldwide that incorporated the mandolin famiy of instruments and other instruments as well?
Answer: Mandolin orchestras

Question: When was the second decline of mandolin popularity?
Answer: early 20th century,

Question: Why was the second decline in popularity not a strong as the first?
Answer: Thousands of people had learned to play the instrument

Question: Who created the rasonator mandolin?
Answer: Luthiers

Question: What are two types of new mandolins the Luthiers created?
Answer: mandolin-banjo and the electric mandolin

Question: What types of music did musicians begin to play the mandolins in?
Answer: Celtic, Bluegrass, Jazz and Rock-n-Roll styles — and Classical too.

Question: What happens to mandolin notes when plucked? 
Answer: decay to silence

Question: Do mandolin notes decay faster or slower than larger string instruments?
Answer: faster

Question: What is tremolo?
Answer: rapid picking of one or more pairs of strings

Question: What parts of the mandolin faciliate the tremolo technique?
Answer: paired strings

Question: What is a plectrum?
Answer: pick

Question: What kind of style does the Neapolitan mandolin have?
Answer: almond-shaped body resembling a bowl, constructed from curved strips of wood

Question: How many strings does the Neapolitan mandolin have?
Answer: 8

Question: What are the Neapolitan mandolin made of?
Answer: metal strings

Question: What sits on top or is flush with the sound table of the Mandolin?
Answer: hardwood fingerboard

Question: How long is the scale commonly used on European roundbacks? 
Answer: 13-inch scale

Question: Where did the Lombardic family of bowlback mandolins come from?
Answer: Milan and Lombardy

Question: What do the Lombardic mandolins resemble more than modern mandolins?
Answer: mandolino or mandore

Question: What differences do the Lombardic mandolins have from the Neapolitan mandolin?
Answer: They are shorter and wider

Question: How many strings do the Lombardic mandolins have?
Answer: 6 strings

Question: Who was the developer of the Milanese mandolin?
Answer: Antonio Monzino

Question: Who described the Lombardi mandolin as wider and shorter than the Neoapolitan mandolin?
Answer: Samuel Adelstein

Question: How many strings do the regular mandolin's have?
Answer: 4

Question: What was the Lombardi Mandolin tuned to?
Answer: C, D, A, E, B, G.

Question: How many frets did the Lombardi have?
Answer: 20 frets

Question: How many octaves did the Lombardi cover?
Answer: three octaves

Question: Who popularised the Cremonese Mandolin?
Answer: Bartolomeo Bortolazzi

Question: What was Bartolomeo Bortolazzi's popular mandolin method?
Answer: Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi

Question: How many strings did the Cremonese Mandolin have?
Answer: four single-strings

Question: Did Bortolazzi like playing the new wire strung mandolins? 
Answer: uncomfortable to play

Question: What did Bortolazzi say about the sound? 
Answer: less pleasing...hard, zither-like tone

Question: When was a new sytle of carved top and back construction mandolins created?
Answer: end of the 19th century

Question: What was the new sytle of mandolins inspired from?
Answer: violin family instruments

Question: What sytle did the new style of mandolins supplant?
Answer: European-style bowl-back

Question: Who founded the Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Manufacturing Co, Limited? 
Answer: Orville Gibson

Question: What shape sounds holes do these styles of mandolins have? 
Answer: two f-shaped soundholes like a violin (F-5 and A-5), or an oval sound hole (F-4 and A-4 and lower models)

Question: Where are the soundholes located?
Answer: directly under the strings

Question: What mandolin is associate with Bluegrass music?
Answer: Gibson F-hole F-5 mandolins

Question: What style is associate with other types of music?
Answer: A-style

Question: Why is the F-5 mandolin more expensive?
Answer: complicated woodwork

Question: What style of Gisbon Mandolin was largely replicated?
Answer: Gibson F-5

Question: When was the Gibson F-5 largely replicated?
Answer: early 1920s

Question: Who supervised the Gibson F-5's replication? 
Answer: Gibson acoustician Lloyd Loar

Question: Who are the other makers from the Loar period? 
Answer: Lyon and Healy, Vega and Larson Brothers

Question: Who were notable modern American mandolin manufacturers? 
Answer: Kay, Gibson, Weber, Monteleone and Collings.

Question: What instrument does the mandolin share the same tuning of?  
Answer: violin

Question: Where was the mandolin primarily used? 
Answer: classical tradition with Mandolin orchestras

Question: When was the mandolin considered a fad?
Answer: early 20th century

Question: Who contributed to the idea that the mandolin was a fad? 
Answer: Giuseppe Pettine, Raffaele Calace and Silvio Ranieri

Question: When did the mandolin craze end?
Answer: 1930s

Question: Who played a key role Australian mandolin movement? 
Answer: Phil Skinner

Question: When did the Australian mandolin movement begin?
Answer: 20th century

Question: When was Phil Skinner awarded an MBE? 
Answer: 1979

Question: What was Phil Skinner's birth name? 
Answer: Harry Skinner

Question: At what age did Phil Skinner begin playing music? 
Answer: 10

Question: Who is the director of the Sydney Mandolins?
Answer: Adrian Hooper

Question: How many commisions of Sydney Mandolins have their been?
Answer: over 200 works

Question: On what media was most of these work released?
Answer: Compact Disks

Question: What radio stations can they be heard on? 
Answer: ABC and MBS networks

Question: Who has had many Concertos written for him? 
Answer: mandolin virtuoso Paul Hooper

Question: What is an Etsudiantinas? 
Answer: mandolin orchestras

Question: Where were the Estudiantinas active in during the early 20th century?
Answer: Belgium

Question: What groups remain today? 
Answer: Royal Estudiantina la Napolitaine (founded in 1904) in Antwerp, Brasschaats mandoline orkest in Brasschaat and an orchestra in Mons (Bergen).

Question: Where is Gerda Abts well know in? 
Answer: Belgium

Question: Where is Gerda Abst a professor mandolin?
Answer: Koninklijk Conservatorium Artesis Hogeschool Antwerpen

Question: Prior to what age did France have a history with the mandolin?
Answer: Golden Age of Mandolins

Question: Where in France did the mandolinists play?
Answer: Paris

Question: When did the mandolinists stop playing in Paris?
Answer: Napoleonic Wars.

Question: Who were the players and composers during this time?
Answer: Giovanni Fouchetti, Eduardo Mezzacapo, Gabriele Leon, and Gervasio

Question: What years was considered the Golden Age of Mandolins?
Answer: 1880s-1920s

Question: What Island is the mandolin a main instrument in Cretan Music? 
Answer: island of Crete

Question: When did the mandolin appears on Crete?
Answer: around the time of the Venetian rule of the island.

Question: What was one of the variants of the mandolin that was used?
Answer: mantola

Question: Who reported that the mandolin and the mpoulgari were used to accompany the lyria? 
Answer: Stelios Foustalierakis

Question: The mandolin was reported to be popular among what sex? 
Answer: woman

Question: Many adaptations of the instruments were done to cater to what type of music? 
Answer: Indian Carnatic

Question: What is the mandolin usually tuned to for Indian music?
Answer: E-B-E-B.

Question: There is no concept of what in Indian music? 
Answer: absolute pitch

Question: What is another popular madonlin tuning? 
Answer: C-G-C-G

Question: These mandolin are used in a popular dance music called? 
Answer: Bhangra

Question: What types of instruments do irish player prefer?
Answer: might be adequate for Irish traditional music, virtually all Irish players prefer flat-backed instruments with oval sound holes

Question: Why is it said that the Italian style can't hold their own session? 
Answer: too soft-toned