Question: How many Jews live in Europe?
Answer: 1.4 million

Question: How many Jews live in Canada?
Answer: 0.4 million

Question: What is one reason the world population of Jews difficult to determine?
Answer: issues with census methodology

Question: What is the origin of the word Yiddish?
Answer: Jude

Question: What is another word to describe a Jew?
Answer: Ebreo

Question: What is a Russian word used to describe a Jew?
Answer: Еврей, Yevrey

Question: Ebreo is an Italian word derivation of what word?
Answer: Hebrew

Question: Name one person that Jewish ancestry traced back to?
Answer: Abraham

Question: Where did Jacob and his family migrate to?
Answer: Ancient Egypt

Question: Who led the Exodus?
Answer: Moses

Question: Who was Jacob's son?
Answer: Joseph

Question: Who was Joseph's father?
Answer: Jacob

Question: Which culture was largely Canaanite in nature?
Answer: Israelite

Question: What is one of the Ancient Canaanite deities?
Answer: Yahweh

Question: The period of time from 1200 to 1000 BCE is known as what?
Answer: Iron Age

Question: What group was divided into Twelve Tribes?
Answer: Israelites

Question: When was the Kingdom of Israel conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire?
Answer: after the 720s BCE

Question: From where do the Jews derive their ethonynm?
Answer: Israelite tribes of Judah

Question: How many times did Israelites have political independence in ancient history? 
Answer: twice

Question: From where did the term Jews originate?
Answer: Roman "Judean

Question: When was land divided into Israel and Judah?
Answer: After the fall of the United Monarchy

Question: Inhabitants of Judah are known as what?
Answer: Jews

Question: When did the Babylonian exile end?
Answer: 539 BCE

Question: Genetic studies show that Jews bear their strongest resemblance to the peoples of where?
Answer: Fertile Crescent

Question: How far back does the Jews' shared common genetic pool date?
Answer: 4,000 years

Question: Most Jews share a common genetic heritage that originates from what place?
Answer: Middle East

Question: What book is considered a religious interpretation of the traditions and early national history of the Jews?
Answer: The Hebrew Bible

Question: What religions are now practiced by 54% of the world?
Answer: Abrahamic religions

Question: What is the Hebrew Bible?
Answer: a religious interpretation of the traditions and early national history of the Jews

Question: In modern secular usage Jews include how many groups?
Answer: three

Question: What makes the definition of a Jew vary slightly? 
Answer: whether a religious or national approach to identity is used

Question: Which religion shares some characteristics of a nation, an ethnicity, a religion and a culture?
Answer: Judaism

Question: What have historical definitions of Jewish identity been based on?
Answer: halakhic definitions of matrilineal descent, and halakhic conversions

Question: Historical definitions of who a Jew is dates back to what year?
Answer: 200 CE

Question: What is used as a warning against intermarriage between Jews and Canaanites?
Answer: Jewish sages

Question: Who believed the status of the offspring of mixed marriages was determined patrilineally in the Bible?
Answer: Shaye J. D. Cohen

Question: What dictated that when a parent could not contract a legal marriage, offspring would follow the mother?
Answer: Roman law

Question: What is one explanation for the change in Mishnaic times?
Answer: the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures

Question: Where did Jews migrate to after the Babylonian conquest?
Answer: Babylonia

Question: Between what years did Jews increase to an estimated 2 million?
Answer: 200 CE – 500 CE

Question: Name one thing that has accounted for Jewish population growth?
Answer: conversion

Question: What is a tax imposed on Jews in 70 CE?
Answer: The Fiscus Judaicus

Question: When did the FIscus Judaicus relax to exclude Christians?
Answer: 96 CE

Question: Name one reason historians believe the conversion during the Roman era was limited in number and did not account for much of the Jewish population growth?
Answer: illegality of male conversion to Judaism

Question: What resulted in effective and long-term isolation of Jewish communities?
Answer: An array of Jewish communities was established by Jewish settlers in various places around the Old World, often at great distances from one another

Question: Name one way Jewish cultural expressions differ in each community?
Answer: religious interpretations

Question: Name another way Jewish cultural expressions differ in each community?
Answer: culinary preferences

Question: Name one major group that Jews are often identified as belonging to.
Answer: Ashkenazim

Question: Name another major group that Jews are often identified as belonging to?
Answer: Sephardim

Question: What does Ashkenaz mean in Hebrew?
Answer: Germany

Question: What is the more common term in Israel for many of those broadly called Sephardim?
Answer: Mizrahim

Question: What does Mizrach mean in Hebrew?
Answer: East

Question: In modern usage, why is Mizrahim sometimes termed Sephardi?
Answer: due to similar styles of liturgy

Question: When did the expulsion of Jews from Spain and Portugal occur?
Answer: the 1490s

Question: Where are the Teimanim from?
Answer: Yemen

Question: What group of Jews represent the bulk of modern Jewry?
Answer: Ashkenazi Jews

Question: Which group represents at least 70% of Jews worldwide?
Answer: Ashkenazi Jews

Question: Why does Ashkenazim represent the overwhelming majority of Jews in the New World continents?
Answer: As a result of their emigration from Europe

Question: In what country does the immigration of Jews from Algeria (Sephardim) has led them to outnumber the Ashkenazim?
Answer: France

Question: What is the liturgical language of Judaism?
Answer: Hebrew

Question: What is also termed lason ha-kodesh, "the holy tongue?"
Answer: Hebrew

Question: What are the two languages of the Babylonian Talmud?
Answer: Hebrew and Aramaic

Question: What are the Hebrew scriptures called?
Answer: Tanakh

Question: What is a closely related tongue to Hebrew?
Answer: Aramaic

Question: What is the Judaeo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe?
Answer: Yiddish

Question: What is the Judaeo-Spanish language developed by Sephardic Jews who migrated to the Iberian peninsula?
Answer: Ladino

Question: Name one reason the ancient and distinct Jewish languages have largely fallen out of use?
Answer: Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries

Question: What language is spoken by more Jews in history than any other language?
Answer: Yiddish

Question: North Africans continue to use what language as their mother tongue?
Answer: North Africans

Question: What are the three most commonly spoken languages among Jews today?
Answer: Hebrew, English, and Russian

Question: South African Jews adopted which language?
Answer: English

Question: Which language has by and far superseded most Jewish vernaculars?
Answer: English

Question: Ashkenazi Jews share more common paternal lineages with what group?
Answer: Jewish and Middle Eastern groups

Question: Jewish traditions place most Jewish paternal origins in which region?
Answer: Middle East

Question: Which lineages are generally more heterogeneous?
Answer: maternal lineages

Question: What looks at the entire DNA mixture?
Answer: autosomal DNA

Question: What has become increasingly important as the technology deveops?
Answer: autosomal DNA

Question: Mizrahi Jews show evidence of admixture with whom?
Answer: Middle Eastern populations and Sub-Saharan Africans

Question: What are Sephardic Bnei Anusim?
Answer: descendants of the "anusim" forced converts to Catholicism

Question: Who are descendants of the "anusim" forced converts to Catholicism?
Answer: Sephardic Bnei Anusim