Question: Who was the first President of the Somali Republic?
Answer: Aden Abdullah Osman Daar

Question: On what date was Abdirashid Ali Shermarke assassinated?
Answer: 15 October 1969

Question: Who assassinated Abdirashid Ali Shermarke?
Answer: one of his own bodyguards

Question: On what day, the day after the funeral of Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, did a coup occur?
Answer: 21 October 1969

Question: Who was the commander of the army when the coup occurred?
Answer: Mohamed Siad Barre

Question: What was Mohamed Siad Barre's rank?
Answer: Major General

Question: Along with Jama Korshel, who led the Supreme Revolutionary Council?
Answer: Salaad Gabeyre Kediye

Question: What was Jama Korshel's title?
Answer: Chief of Police

Question: What was the military rank of Salaad Gabeyre Kediye?
Answer: Lieutenant Colonel

Question: What name did the Supreme Revolutionary Council give to Somalia?
Answer: the Somali Democratic Republic

Question: Along with dissolving the Supreme Court and parliament, what action did the Supreme Revolutionary Council take?
Answer: suspended the constitution

Question: What did the new government nationalize along with land?
Answer: industry

Question: What international body did the new government join?
Answer: the Arab League

Question: In what year did the new government enter the Arab League?
Answer: 1974

Question: What organization would the Organization of African Unity later become?
Answer: the African Union

Question: What rate did the new government's programs significantly increase?
Answer: literacy

Question: Along with Kenya, Djibouti and Somalia, in what Horn of Africa country do Somali people live?
Answer: Ethiopia

Question: In what geographic portion of Kenya can Somali people be found?
Answer: northeastern

Question: What is the name of the idea that believes all ethnic Somalis should live in the same country?
Answer: Pan-Somalism

Question: Along with the Soviet Union, what country supported Ethiopia in its war against Somalia?
Answer: Cuba

Question: What was the name of the conflict between Somalia and the Soviet Union, Cuba and Ethiopia?
Answer: the Ogaden War

Question: In what year did Sanchez publish his study on Somali ethnicity?
Answer: 2005

Question: What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to?
Answer: Afro-Asiatic

Question: What haplogroup is present in a significant number of Somalis?
Answer: E1b1b1a

Question: Based on the presence of the M78 subclade, where do some researchers think Somalis originated?
Answer: Egypt/Libya

Question: What percentage of Somali males had DNA containing the M78 subclade of E1b1b?
Answer: 77%

Question: When did Richards publish his mtDNA research?
Answer: 2006

Question: Along with Egyptians, Algerians and Somalis, what people commonly possess the M1 haplogroup?
Answer: Ethiopians

Question: On what continent is the M1 haplogroup believed to have originated?
Answer: Asia

Question: Who authored an mtDNA study in 2005?
Answer: Holden

Question: What family of languages is the M1 haplogroup associated with?
Answer: Afro-Asiatic

Question: When did Hodgson publish his DNA study?
Answer: 2014

Question: According to Hodgson, what ancestral people spread the Afro-Asiatic languages?
Answer: Ethio-Somali

Question: According to Hodgson, what people is mostly descended from Ethio-Somalis?
Answer: Somalis

Question: According to Hodgson, how long ago did the Ethio-Somalis diverge from other non-African ancestries?
Answer: at least 23,000 years ago

Question: According to Hodgson, where did the Ethio-Somalis originate?
Answer: the Near East

Question: In what year did Mahamoud publish his research?
Answer: 2006

Question: In what geographic part of Somalia is Zeila located?
Answer: northern

Question: From whom were the early Muslims fleeing?
Answer: the Quraysh

Question: Along with the Shafi'i, to what sect of Islam do most Somalis belong?
Answer: Sunni

Question: What is the majority religion in Somalia?
Answer: Islam

Question: A small minority of Somalis belong to what branch of Islam?
Answer: Shia

Question: What is another name for a Qur'anic school?
Answer: dugsi

Question: What percentage of students at Qur'anic schools are female?
Answer: 40

Question: What government body regulates Qur'anic education?
Answer: the Ministry of Endowment and Islamic Affairs

Question: Along with Minneapolis, London and Birmingham, what city contains a notable population of Somalis?
Answer: Toronto

Question: What is the name of the mosque under construction in Minneapolis?
Answer: the Abuubakar-As-Saddique Mosque

Question: Along with floods, what natural disaster often spurs Islamic fundraising?
Answer: droughts

Question: Along with universities, the construction of what educational buildings are sometimes the focus of Islamic fundraising?
Answer: schools

Question: Along with the Horn of Africa, what is a notable location where Somali Islamic figures have been influential?
Answer: the Arabian Peninsula

Question: What is a basic social unit of Somali society?
Answer: clan

Question: In what geographical portion of Somalia is the tomb of the founder of the Dir clan located?
Answer: northern

Question: Of what clan is the Abgaal a sub-clan?
Answer: Hawiye

Question: What practice is often used to bind different clans together?
Answer: marriage

Question: According to a recent study, how many men of the Dhulbahante clan married women from the Hawiye clan?
Answer: 3

Question: According to a recent study, how many Dhulbahante men married women of a different Dhulbahante sub-clan?
Answer: 55

Question: To what clan family do the Ogaden belong?
Answer: Darod

Question: What percentage of Dhulbahante men married women of the Majerteen or Ogaden?
Answer: 4.3%

Question: What law gave Somali husbands and wives equal rights over personal property?
Answer: 1975 Somali Family Law

Question: What was the official name of the country in which the 1975 Somali Family Law was passed?
Answer: the Somali Democratic Republic

Question: In addition to giving spouses equal rights over their personal property during marriage, what did the Somali Family Law give them?
Answer: equal division of property between the husband and wife upon divorce

Question: What is the biggest ethnic group in Somalia?
Answer: Somalis

Question: What percentage of Somalians are ethnic Somalis?
Answer: 85%

Question: During what century did the nomad lifestyle decline among Somalis?
Answer: 20th

Question: Why do many Somalis live in South Asia and Europe?
Answer: their seafaring tradition

Question: Along with Djibouti and Ethiopia, in what African country outside Somalia can Somalis be found?
Answer: Kenya

Question: What led to an increase in the number of Somalis leaving the country?
Answer: Civil strife

Question: Along with the Middle East and North America, to what continent did the Somali diaspora go in the 1990s?
Answer: Europe

Question: Along with Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Winnipeg, Hamilton and Vancouver, what Canadian city has a significant Somali population?
Answer: Toronto

Question: As of 2006, where did Somalis rank in terms of population by ethnicity in Canada?
Answer: 69th

Question: About how many Somalis live in the UK?
Answer: 108,000

Question: What percentage of Somalis living in Britain reside in London?
Answer: 78%

Question: As of 2014, how many Somalis lived in Sweden?
Answer: 57,906

Question: In 2014, how many Somalis resided in Norway?
Answer: 38,413

Question: How many Somalis lived in Finland as of 2014?
Answer: 16,721

Question: What country is Cedar Rapids located in?
Answer: the United States

Question: Along with Saint Paul, what city constitutes the Twin Cities?
Answer: Minneapolis

Question: About how many Somalis moved to Minnesota ten years ago?
Answer: 20,000

Question: What area of Minneapolis contains a notable number of Somalis?
Answer: Cedar-Riverside

Question: What is hawala?
Answer: money transfer services