Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants.

Bacterial colonisation of the respiratory tract is associated with intubation and may increase the risk of acquiring infection. This may prolong the need for mechanical ventilation and increase the risk of chronic lung disease. The use of prophylactic antibiotics has been advocated for all mechanically ventilated newborns in order to reduce the risk of colonisation and acquired infection. Countering this is the possibility that harm may outweigh benefit.