Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer.

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a serious complication of malignancies and can result in renal failure or death. Preliminary reports suggest that urate oxidase is effective in reducing serum uric acid, the build-up of which causes TLS. It is uncertain whether high-quality evidence exists to support its routine use in children with malignancies.