SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; AMENDMENT OF 1986 CODE.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Targeted Marriage 
Tax Penalty Relief Act of 2001''.
    (b) Amendment of 1986 Code.--Except as otherwise expressly 
provided, whenever in this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in 
terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, 
the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or other 
provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
    (c) Section 15 Not To Apply.--No amendment made by section 2 shall 
be treated as a change in a rate of tax for purposes of section 15 of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 .

SEC. 2. DUAL-EARNER CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Subpart A of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
(relating to nonrefundable personal credits) is amended by inserting 
after section 25A the following new section:

``SEC. 25B. DUAL-EARNER CREDIT.

    ``(a) Allowance of Credit.--In the case of a joint return under 
section 6013, there shall be allowed as a credit against the tax 
imposed by this chapter for the taxable year an amount equal to the 
lesser of the amount determined under subsection (b) or (c) for the 
taxable year.
    ``(b) Amount Under Subsection (b).--For purposes of subsection (a), 
the amount under this subsection for any taxable year with respect to a 
taxpayer is determined in accordance with the following table:

``Taxable year:                                                 Amount:
    2002..........................................                $500 
    2003..........................................                $750 
    2004..........................................              $1,000 
    2005 and thereafter...........................              $1,500.
    ``(c) Determination of Amount.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a), the 
        amount determined under this subsection for any taxable year 
        with respect to a taxpayer is equal to the excess (if any) of--
                    ``(A) the joint tentative tax of such taxpayer for 
                such year, over
                    ``(B) the combined tentative tax of such taxpayer 
                for such year.
            ``(2) Joint tentative tax.--For purposes of paragraph 
        (1)(A)--
                    ``(A) In general.--The joint tentative tax of a 
                taxpayer for any taxable year is equal to the tax 
                determined in accordance with the table contained in 
                section 1(a) on the joint tentative taxable income of 
                the taxpayer for such year.
                    ``(B) Joint tentative taxable income.--For purposes 
                of subparagraph (A), the joint tentative taxable income 
                of a taxpayer for any taxable year is equal to the 
                excess of--
                            ``(i) the earned income (as defined in 
                        section 32(c)(2)), and any taxable income 
                        received as a pension or annuity which arises 
                        from an employer-employee relationship 
                        (including any social security benefit (as 
                        defined in section 86(d)(1)), of such taxpayer 
                        for such year, over
                            ``(ii) the sum of--
                                    ``(I) either--
                                            ``(aa) the standard 
                                        deduction determined under 
                                        section 63(c)(2)(A)(i) for such 
                                        taxpayer for such year, or
                                            ``(bb) in the case of an 
                                        election under section 63(e), 
                                        the total itemized deductions 
                                        determined under section 63(d) 
                                        for such taxpayer for such 
                                        year, and
                                    ``(II) the total exemption amount 
                                for such taxpayer for such year 
                                determined under section 151.
            ``(3) Combined tentative tax.--For purposes of paragraph 
        (1)(A)--
                    ``(A) In general.--The combined tentative tax of a 
                taxpayer for any taxable year is equal to the sum of 
                the taxes determined in accordance with the table 
                contained in section 1(c) on the individual tentative 
                taxable income of each spouse for such year.
                    ``(B) Individual tentative taxable income.--For 
                purposes of subparagraph (A), the individual tentative 
                taxable income of a spouse for any taxable year is 
                equal to the excess of--
                            ``(i) the earned income (as defined in 
                        section 32(c)(2)), and any taxable income 
                        received as a pension or annuity which arises 
                        from an employer-employee relationship 
                        (including any social security benefit (as 
                        defined in section 86(d)(1)), of such spouse 
                        for such year, over
                            ``(ii) the sum of--
                                    ``(I) either--
                                            ``(aa) the standard 
                                        deduction determined under 
                                        section 63(c)(2)(C) for such 
                                        spouse for such year, or
                                            ``(bb) in the case of an 
                                        election under section 63(e), 
                                        one-half of the total itemized 
                                        deductions determined under 
                                        paragraph (2)(B)(ii)(I)(bb) for 
                                        such spouse for such year, and
                                    ``(II) one-half of the total 
                                exemption amount determined under 
                                paragraph (2)(B)(ii)(II) for such 
                                year.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart A of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 25A the following new item:

                              ``Sec. 25B. Dual-earner credit.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2001.

SEC. 3. MARRIAGE PENALTY RELIEF FOR EARNED INCOME CREDIT.

    (a) Reduced Phaseout Percentage.--Section 32(b)(1) (relating to 
percentages) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Percentages.--The credit'' and all that 
        follows through ``1995:'' in subparagraph (A) thereof and 
        inserting ``Percentages.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                credit percentage and the phaseout percentage shall be 
                determined as follows:'', and
            (2) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and inserting the 
        following new subparagraph:
                    ``(B) Joint returns.--In the case of a joint return 
                filed by an eligible individual and such individual's 
                spouse, the earned income of each of whom exceeds the 
                exemption amount under section 151, the phaseout 
                percentage determined under subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) in the case of an eligible individual 
                        with 1 qualifying child shall be decreased by 
                        2.33 percentage points, and
                            ``(ii) in the case of an eligible 
                        individual with 2 or more qualifying children 
                        shall be decreased by 2.51 percentage 
                        points.''.
    (b) Increased Phaseout Amount.--Section 32(b)(2) (relating to 
amounts) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Amounts.--The earned'' and inserting 
        ``Amounts.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                earned'', and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(B) Joint returns.--In the case of a joint return 
                filed by an eligible individual and such individual's 
                spouse, the earned income of each of whom exceeds the 
                exemption amount under section 151, the phaseout amount 
                determined under subparagraph (A) shall be increased by 
                $2,500.''.
    (c) Inflation Adjustment.--Paragraph (1)(B) of section 32(j) 
(relating to inflation adjustments) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(B) the cost-of-living adjustment determined 
                under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year in which 
                the taxable year begins, determined--
                            ``(i) in the case of amounts in subsections 
                        (b)(2)(A) and (i)(1), by substituting `calendar 
                        year 1995' for `calendar year 1992' in 
                        subparagraph (B) thereof, and
                            ``(ii) in the case of the $2,500 amount in 
                        subsection (b)(2)(B), by substituting `calendar 
                        year 2001' for `calendar year 1992' in 
                        subparagraph (B) of such section 1.''.
    (d) Rounding.--Section 32(j)(2)(A) (relating to rounding) is 
amended by striking ``subsection (b)(2)'' and inserting ``subsection 
(b)(2)(A) (after being increased under subparagraph (B) thereof)''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2001.
Targeted Marriage Tax Penalty Relief Act of 2001 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow, on joint returns, a limited credit.Provides for a decreased phaseout percentage of the earned income credit (thereby increasing the benefits of such credit) for individuals with qualifying children.
A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to reduce the marriage penalty by providing a nonrefundable dual-earner credit and adjustment to the earned income credit.