Native Health Access Improvement Act of 2017

Summary: Native Health Access Improvement Act of 2017 This bill amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Indian Health Service (IHS) to award grants to Indian health facilities for the prevention and treatment of mental health and substance use disorders. The IHS must establish a technical assistance center for grantees. In addition, this bill amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act to define &ldquo;Indian&rdquo; for purposes of health insurance reform, exchanges, and subsidies. The definition includes individuals of Indian descent who are members of an Indian community served by the IHS and individuals considered by the Department of Health and Human Services to be Indian for purposes of eligibility for Indian health care services. Individuals included in the definition are eligible for special monthly enrollment periods on health insurance exchanges and elimination of cost sharing under individual health coverage for those whose income is not more than 300% of the poverty line. Under current law, only members of Indian tribes are eligible for these benefits. The bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to exempt Indians, as defined by this bill, from the requirement to maintain minimum essential health coverage.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Native Health Access Improvement Act 
of 2017''.

SEC. 2. SPECIAL BEHAVIORAL HEALTH PROGRAM FOR INDIANS.

    Part A of title V of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 290aa 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 506B. SPECIAL BEHAVIORAL HEALTH PROGRAM FOR INDIANS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director of the Indian Health Service, in 
coordination with the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and 
Substance Use, shall award grants for providing services in accordance 
with subsection (b) for the prevention and treatment of mental health 
and substance use disorders.
    ``(b) Services Through Indian Health Facilities.--For purposes of 
subsection (a), services are provided in accordance with this 
subsection if the services are provided through any of the following 
entities:
            ``(1) The Indian Health Service.
            ``(2) An Indian health program operated by an Indian tribe 
        or tribal organization pursuant to a contract, grant, 
        cooperative agreement, or compact with the Indian Health 
        Service pursuant to the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
        Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.).
            ``(3) An urban Indian health program operated by an urban 
        Indian organization pursuant to a grant or contract with the 
        Indian Health Service pursuant to title V of the Indian Health 
        Care Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1651 et seq.).
    ``(c) Reports.--Each grantee under this section shall submit 
reports at such time, in such manner, and containing such information 
as the Director of the Indian Health Service may require.
    ``(d) Technical Assistance Center.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Director of the Indian Health 
        Service, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary for 
        Mental Health and Substance Use, shall establish a technical 
        assistance center (directly or by contract or cooperative 
        agreement)--
                    ``(A) to provide technical assistance to grantees 
                under this section; and
                    ``(B) to collect and evaluate information on the 
                program carried out under this section.
            ``(2) Consultation.--The technical assistance center shall 
        consult with grantees under this section for purposes of 
        developing evaluation measures and data submission requirements 
        for purposes of the collection and evaluation of information 
        under paragraph (1)(B).
            ``(3) Data submission.--As a condition on receipt of a 
        grant under this section, an applicant shall agree to submit 
        data consistent with the data submission requirements developed 
        under paragraph (2).
    ``(e) Funding.--
            ``(1) In general.--For the purpose of making grants under 
        this section, there is authorized to be appropriated, and there 
        is appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise 
        appropriated, $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 
        through 2022.
            ``(2) Technical assistance center.--Of the amount made 
        available to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 
        2018 through 2022, the Director of the Indian Health Service 
        shall allocate a percentage of such amount, to be determined by 
        the Director in consultation with Indian tribes, for the 
        technical assistance center under subsection (d).
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Indian health program.--The term `Indian health 
        program' has the meaning given that term in section 4 of the 
        Indian Health Care Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603).
            ``(2) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 4 of the Indian Health Care 
        Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603).
            ``(3) Tribal organization.--The term `tribal organization' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 4 of the Indian 
        Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
        5304).
            ``(4) Urban indian organization.--The term `urban Indian 
        organization' has the meaning given the term `Urban Indian 
        organization' in section 4 of the Indian Health Care 
        Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603).''.

SEC. 3. INDIAN DEFINED IN PPACA.

    (a) Definition of Indian.--Section 1304 of the Patient Protection 
and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18024) is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subsection:
    ``(f) Indian.--
            ``(1) In general.--In this title, the term `Indian' means 
        any individual--
                    ``(A) described in paragraph (13) or (28) of 
                section 4 of the Indian Health Care Improvement Act (25 
                U.S.C. 1603);
                    ``(B) who is eligible for health services provided 
                by the Indian Health Service under section 809 of the 
                Indian Health Care Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1679);
                    ``(C) who is of Indian descent and belongs to the 
                Indian community served by the local facilities and 
                program of the Indian Health Service; or
                    ``(D) who is described in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Included individuals.--For purposes of this title, 
        the following individuals shall be considered to be an 
        `Indian':
                    ``(A) A member of a federally recognized Indian 
                tribe.
                    ``(B) A resident of an urban center who meets one 
                or more of the following four criteria:
                            ``(i) Membership in a Tribe, band, or other 
                        organized group of Indians, including those 
                        Tribes, bands, or groups terminated since 1940 
                        and those recognized as of the date of the 
                        enactment of the Health Equity and 
                        Accountability Act of 2016 or later by the 
                        State in which they reside, or being a 
                        descendant, in the first or second degree, of 
                        any such member.
                            ``(ii) Is an Eskimo or Aleut or other 
                        Alaska Native.
                            ``(iii) Is considered by the Secretary of 
                        the Interior to be an Indian for any purpose.
                            ``(iv) Is determined to be an Indian under 
                        regulations promulgated by the Secretary.
                    ``(C) An individual who is considered by the 
                Secretary of the Interior to be an Indian for any 
                purpose.
                    ``(D) An individual who is considered by the 
                Secretary to be an Indian for purposes of eligibility 
                for Indian health care services, including as a 
                California Indian, Eskimo, Aleut, or other Alaska 
                Native.''.
    (b) Technical Amendments.--Section 4 of the Indian Health Care 
Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ``as defined in 
        subsection (d) hereof'' and inserting ``as defined in paragraph 
        (14)''; and
            (2) in paragraph (28)--
                    (A) by striking ``as defined in subsection (g) 
                hereof'' and inserting ``as defined in paragraph 
                (27)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (c)(1) through (4)'' 
                and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) through (D) of 
                paragraph (13)''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Affordable choices health benefit plans.--Section 
        1311(c)(6)(D) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 18031(c)(6)(D)) is amended by striking ``section 4 
        of the Indian Health Care Improvement Act'' and inserting 
        ``section 1304(f)''.
            (2) Reduced cost-sharing for individuals enrolling in 
        qualified health plans.--Section 1402(d) of the Patient 
        Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18071(d)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking ``section 4(d) of the 
                Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act 
                (25 U.S.C. 450b(d))'' and inserting ``section 
                1304(f)''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking ``(as so defined)'' and 
                inserting ``(as defined in section 1304(f))''.
            (3) Exemption from penalty for not maintaining minimum 
        essential coverage.--Section 5000A(e) of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 is amended by striking paragraph (3) and inserting 
        the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) Indians.--Any applicable individual who is an Indian 
        (as defined in section 1304(f) of the Patient Protection and 
        Affordable Care Act).''.