Environmental and Economic Benefits Restoration Act of 2016

Summary: Environmental and Economic Benefits Restoration Act of 2016 This bill amends the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 to direct the Department of Agriculture (USDA) to establish a landscape-scale restoration program to provide financial and technical assistance for landscape-scale restoration projects on state, political subdivision, and private forest lands that maintain or improve benefits from trees and forests on such lands. The program shall:   address the national private forest conservation priorities specified under the Act; and  enhance public benefits from trees and forests, as identified in a state-wide assessment and a long-term state-wide forest resource strategy under the Act.  The program shall also have one or more objectives, including to:  protect or improve water quality or quantity; reduce wildfire risk; protect or enhance wildlife habitat, consistent with wildlife objectives established by the applicable state fish and wildlife agency; improve forest health, including addressing native, nonnative, and invasive pests; or enhance opportunities for new and existing markets in which the production and use of wood products strengthens local and regional economies.   USDA shall establish a measurement system to measure the results of landscape-scale restoration projects assisted under this bill. USDA shall allocate from the amounts made available under this bill:  50% for the competitive process for distributing funds for landscape-scale restoration projects; and 50% proportionally to states to maximize the achievement of the restoration program's objectives and to address the highest national priorities, as identified in state-wide assessments and long-term state-wide forest resource strategies.  The bill amends the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 to allocate funds and use specified authorities of the USDA or of the Department of the Interior, as appropriate, to assist cross-boundary hazardous fuel reduction and wildfire mitigation programs. 

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Environmental and Economic Benefits 
Restoration Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. STATE AND PRIVATE FOREST LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 13A of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2109a) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 13A. STATE AND PRIVATE FOREST LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to establish a 
landscape-scale restoration program to support landscape-scale 
restoration and management that results in measurable improvements to 
public benefits derived from State and private forest land, as 
identified in--
            ``(1) a State-wide assessment described in section 
        2A(a)(1); and
            ``(2) a long-term State-wide forest resource strategy 
        described in section 2A(a)(2).
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Private forest land.--The term `private forest land' 
        means land that--
                    ``(A)(i) has existing tree cover; or
                    ``(ii) is suitable for growing trees; and
                    ``(B) is owned by--
                            ``(i) an Indian tribe (as defined in 
                        section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
                        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)); or
                            ``(ii) any private individual or entity.
            ``(2) Regional.--The term `regional' means of any region of 
        the National Association of State Foresters.
            ``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.
            ``(4) State forester.--The term `State Forester' means a 
        State Forester or equivalent State official.
    ``(c) Establishment.--The Secretary, in consultation with State 
Foresters, shall establish a landscape-scale restoration program to 
provide financial and technical assistance for landscape-scale 
restoration projects on State, political subdivision, or private forest 
land that maintain or improve benefits from trees and forests on the 
land.
    ``(d) Requirements.--The landscape-scale restoration program 
established under subsection (c) shall--
            ``(1) measurably address the national private forest 
        conservation priorities described in section 2(c);
            ``(2) enhance public benefits from trees and forests, as 
        identified in--
                    ``(A) a State-wide assessment described in section 
                2A(a)(1); and
                    ``(B) a long-term State-wide forest resource 
                strategy described in section 2A(a)(2); and
            ``(3) in accordance with the purposes described in section 
        2(b), have 1 or more objectives including--
                    ``(A) protecting or improving water quality or 
                quantity;
                    ``(B) reducing wildfire risk;
                    ``(C) protecting or enhancing wildlife habitat, 
                consistent with wildlife objectives established by the 
                applicable State fish and wildlife agency;
                    ``(D) improving forest health, including addressing 
                native, nonnative, and invasive pests; or
                    ``(E) enhancing opportunities for new and existing 
                markets in which the production and use of wood 
                products strengthens local and regional economies.
    ``(e) Measurement.--The Secretary, in consultation with State 
Foresters, shall establish a measurement system, including measurement 
tools, that--
            ``(1) consistently measures the results of landscape-scale 
        restoration projects described in subsection (c); and
            ``(2) is consistent with the measurement systems of other 
        Federal programs delivered by State Foresters.
    ``(f) Use of Amounts.--
            ``(1) Allocation.--Of amounts made available for the 
        landscape-scale restoration program established under 
        subsection (c), the Secretary shall allocate--
                    ``(A) 50 percent for the competitive process in 
                accordance with subsection (g); and
                    ``(B) 50 percent proportionally to States, in 
                consultation with State Foresters--
                            ``(i) to maximize the achievement of the 
                        objectives described in subsection (d)(3); and
                            ``(ii) to address the highest national 
                        priorities, as identified in--
                                    ``(I) State-wide assessments 
                                described in section 2A(a)(1); and
                                    ``(II) long-term State-wide forest 
                                resource strategies described in 
                                section 2A(a)(2).
            ``(2) Multiyear projects.--The Secretary may provide 
        amounts under this section for multiyear projects.
    ``(g) Competitive Process.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall distribute amounts 
        described in subsection (f)(1)(A) through a competitive process 
        for landscape-scale restoration projects described in 
        subsection (c) to maximize the achievement of the objectives 
        described in subsection (d)(3).
            ``(2) Eligibility.--To be eligible for funding through the 
        competitive process described in paragraph (1), a State 
        Forester, or another entity on approval of the State Forester, 
        shall submit to the Secretary 1 or more landscape-scale 
        restoration proposals that--
                    ``(A) in accordance with paragraph (3), include 
                priorities identified in--
                            ``(i) State-wide assessments described in 
                        section 2A(a)(1); and
                            ``(ii) long-term State-wide forest resource 
                        strategies described in section 2A(a)(2);
                    ``(B) identify 1 or more measurable results to be 
                achieved through the project;
                    ``(C) to the maximum extent practicable, include 
                activities on all land necessary to accomplish the 
                measurable results in the applicable landscape;
                    ``(D) to the maximum extent practicable, are 
                developed in collaboration with other public and 
                private sector organizations and local communities; and
                    ``(E) derive not less than 50 percent of the 
                funding for the project from non-Federal sources, 
                unless the Secretary determines--
                            ``(i) the applicant is unable to derive not 
                        less than 50 percent of the funding for the 
                        project from non-Federal sources; and
                            ``(ii) the benefits of the project justify 
                        pursuing the project.
            ``(3) Prioritization.--The Secretary shall give priority to 
        projects that, as determined by the Secretary, best carry out 
        priorities identified in State-wide assessments described in 
        section 2A(a)(1) and long-term State-wide forest resource 
        strategies described in section 2A(a)(2), including--
                    ``(A) involvement of public and private 
                partnerships;
                    ``(B) inclusion of cross-boundary activities on 
                Federal, State, local, or private forest land;
                    ``(C) involvement of areas also identified for 
                cost-share funding by the Natural Resources 
                Conservation Service or any other relevant Federal 
                agency;
                    ``(D) protection or improvement of water quality or 
                quantity;
                    ``(E) reduction of wildfire risk;
                    ``(F) protection or enhancement of wildlife 
                habitat, consistent with wildlife objectives 
                established by the applicable State fish and wildlife 
                agency;
                    ``(G) improvement of forest health, including 
                addressing native, nonnative, and invasive pests;
                    ``(H) enhancement of opportunities for new and 
                existing markets in which the production and use of 
                wood products strengthens local and regional economies; 
                and
                    ``(I) otherwise addressing the national private 
                forest conservation priorities described in section 
                2(c).
            ``(4) Proposal review.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
                process for the review of proposals submitted under 
                paragraph (2) that ranks each proposal based on--
                            ``(i) the extent to which the proposal 
                        would achieve the requirements described in 
                        subsection (d); and
                            ``(ii) the priorities described in 
                        paragraph (3).
                    ``(B) Regional review.--The Secretary may carry out 
                the process described in subparagraph (A) at a regional 
                level.
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary for the landscape-scale restoration 
program established under subsection (c) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2016 through 2020, to remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 3. PROMOTING CROSS-BOUNDARY WILDFIRE MITIGATION.

    Section 103 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6513) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Cross-boundary considerations.--For any fiscal year 
        for which the amount appropriated for hazardous fuels reduction 
        is in excess of $300,000,000, the Secretary--
                    ``(A) is encouraged to use the excess amounts for 
                projects that include cross-boundary consideration; and
                    ``(B) of that excess amount, may use, through 
                grants to State Foresters, to support hazardous fuel 
                reduction projects on non-Federal land in accordance 
                with subsection (e) an amount equal to the greater of--
                            ``(i) 20 percent; and
                            ``(ii) $20,000,000.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Cross-Boundary Fuels Reduction Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable, the 
        Secretary shall use the funds described in subsection (d)(3) to 
        support hazardous fuel reduction projects that incorporate 
        treatments in landscapes across ownership boundaries on 
        Federal, State, county, or tribal land, private land, and other 
        non-Federal land, particularly in areas identified as 
        priorities in applicable State-wide forest resource assessments 
        or strategies under section 2A(a) of the Cooperative Forestry 
        Assistance Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2101a(a)), as mutually agreed 
        to by the State Forester and the Regional Forester.
            ``(2) Land treatments.--To conduct and fund treatments for 
        projects that include Federal and non-Federal land, the 
        Secretary may--
                    ``(A) use the authorities of the Secretary relating 
                to cooperation and technical and financial assistance, 
                including the good neighbor authority under--
                            ``(i) section 8206 of the Agricultural Act 
                        of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a); and
                            ``(ii) section 331 of the Department of the 
                        Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations 
                        Act, 2001 (16 U.S.C. 1011 note; Public Law 106-
                        291); and
                    ``(B) allocate cross-boundary wildfire mitigation 
                funds, in accordance with subsection (d)(3) and 
                paragraph (1), for projects carried out pursuant to 
                that section (16 U.S.C. 2113a).
            ``(3) Cooperation.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        State Forester, in consultation with the Secretary (or a 
        designee)--
                    ``(A) shall consult with the owners of State, 
                county, tribal, and private land and other non-Federal 
                land with respect to hazardous fuels reduction 
                projects; and
                    ``(B) shall not implement any project on non-
                Federal land without the consent of the owner of the 
                non-Federal land.
            ``(4) Existing laws.--Regardless of the individual or 
        entity implementing a project on non-Federal land under this 
        subsection, only the laws and regulations that apply to non-
        Federal land shall be applicable with respect to the 
        project.''.