To provide equitable means for ensuring that damages for injuries are efficiently secured, and for other purposes.

Summary: Omnibus Right to Equitable Means of Ensuring Damages for Injuries are Efficiently Secured Act of 2010 or the REMEDIES Act - Amends the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to: (1) increase (doubling, in most cases) the limits on the total of the liability of, and the removal costs incurred by or on behalf of, the party responsible for a vessel or facility from which oil is discharged into or upon navigable waters, adjoining shorelines, or the exclusive economic zone; and (2) require the President to pay any person to whom a responsible party is liable under such Act the amount of such liability that is not recoverable from the responsible party because of such limitations. Requires the President to pay such amounts: (1) first from the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund up to a specified limit for any incident; and (2) then from amounts that may be received by the United States as a levy on persons in the oil industry to recover the remaining amount of such liability.

Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) increase from $2 billion to $10 billion the level of the unobligated balance in such Fund at which the Fund financing rate becomes applicable; (2) increase the per incident limit on expenditures from the Fund from $1 billion to $10 billion for cleanup of oil spills and from $500 million to $5 billion for natural resource damage assessments and claims; and (3) increase and make permanent the Fund financing rate.

 Applies the Jones Act to individuals employed on an offshore facility and authorizes such an individual or a seaman injured in the course of employment, or such person's surviving spouse, parent, child, sibling, or dependent relative, to bring an action against the employer or any person whose act or omission was a cause of the injury or death.

Amend the Deaths on the High Seas Act to revise provisions concerning civil actions to allow for recovery by the decedent's surviving spouse, parent, child, sibling, or dependent relative of: (1) punitive damages in cases of gross negligence or willful misconduct; (2) nonpecuniary damages; and (3) compensation for the decedent's pain and suffering. Restricts recovery by noncitizens and nonresident alien workers for incidents arising during international voyages of foreign vessels.

Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (commonly known as the Clean Water Act) to require vessel and facility response plans for responding to a worst case discharge of oil or a hazardous substance to: (1) include redundancies that specify response actions that will be taken if other actions specified in the plan fail; and (2) be vetted by impartial experts.

Amends the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act to: (1) prohibit the Secretary of the Interior from issuing any license or permit authorizing drilling for oil and gas on the outer Continental Shelf unless the applicant has such a response plan approved for the vessel or facility that will conduct such drilling; and (2) authorize the suspension or temporary prohibition of operations under any license or permit if five or more violations of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 or other safety laws or regulations occur in such operations within one year.

Authorizes the Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) to require any entity that is liable for damages under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 to establish an independent claims system for all claims in regard to the same incident.

Requires the President to: (1) establish an emergency oil spill coordination team; (2) appoint a research and development team to review and recommend new technologies that prevent oil spills, especially deep water drilling oil spills; and (3) issue regulations that establish limitations on liability under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 that are substantially similar to the limitations established by the Price-Anderson Act.

Requires: (1) the oil industry to establish a $1 billion research and development fund to develop the latest technologies related to oil spill recovery, remediation, and cleanup; (2) the DHS Secretary to make extensive post-traumatic stress disorder counseling available to victims of significant oil spill disasters; and (3) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish a panel of experts to evaluate the long-term environmental impacts of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico resulting from the explosion on and sinking of Deepwater Horizon.

Makes this Act effective on April 15, 2010.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Omnibus Right to Equitable Means of 
Ensuring Damages for Injuries are Efficiently Secured Act of 2010'', 
also known as the ``REMEDIES Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) the Deepwater Horizon explosion and its collapse in the 
        Gulf of Mexico resulted in the largest environmental disaster 
        in United States History;
            (2) the incident led to 11 deaths, 17 serious injuries, 
        permanent damage and injury to wildlife and the environment, 
        and greatly impaired the tourism, fishing, shrimping, 
        oystering, and oil industries in Gulf Coast communities;
            (3) in the 72 days since the explosion, over 80,000,000 
        gallons of crude oil has leaked into the Gulf;
            (4) the full extent of the material, economic, and 
        environmental damage caused by the Gulf Coast oil spill 
        incident is expected to total in the tens of billions of 
        dollars;
            (5) under current law, many of the victims may not be able 
        to receive full and complete compensation for the loss of their 
        loved ones, their livelihoods, or the damage to our natural 
        resources;
            (6) lax permitting standards on the part of Federal 
        agencies enabled such disaster; and
            (7) the independent compensation apparatus set up by BP plc 
        has been inadequate.

SEC. 3. LIABILITY UNDER OIL POLLUTION ACT OF 1990.

    (a) Increase in Liability Limitations Under Oil Pollution Act of 
1990.--Section 1004(a) of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 
2704(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(A) by striking ``$3,000'' and 
        inserting ``$6,000'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)(B) by striking ``$1,900'' and 
        inserting ``$3,800'';
            (3) in paragraph (1)(C)(i)(I) by striking ``$22,000,000'' 
        and inserting ``$44,000,000'';
            (4) in paragraph (1)(C)(i)(II) by striking ``$16,000,000'' 
        and inserting ``$32,000,000'';
            (5) in paragraph (1)(C)(ii)(I) by striking ``$6,000,000'' 
        and inserting ``$12,000,000'';
            (6) in paragraph (1)(C)(ii)(II) by striking ``$4,000,000'' 
        and inserting ``$8,000,000'';
            (7) in paragraph (2) by striking ``$800,000'' and inserting 
        ``$1,600,000'';
            (8) in paragraph (3) by striking ``$75,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$300,000,000''; and
            (9) in paragraph (4) by striking ``$75,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$150,000,000''.
    (b) Tiered Liability.--Section 1004 of the Oil Pollution Act of 
1990 (33 U.S.C. 2704) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Excess Liability.--
            ``(1) In general.--The President shall pay to any person to 
        whom a responsible party is liable under this Act the amount of 
        any such liability that is not recoverable from the responsible 
        party because of the application of the limitations under 
        subsection (a).
            ``(2) Payment from trust fund.--The President shall pay the 
        amount referred to in paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) first from the Trust Fund, except that the 
                amount paid under this subparagraph shall not exceed 
                $10,300,000,000 for any incident; and
                    ``(B) after payment under subparagraph (A), from 
                amounts received by the United States as a levy under 
                paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Imposition of levy.--The President may establish, 
        assess, and collect from persons in the oil industry a levy to 
        recover the amount of liability to be paid under paragraph 
        (2)(B) for an incident.''.
    (c) This section will not be retroactive.

SEC. 4. AMENDMENTS RELATING TO OIL SPILL LIABILITY TRUST FUND.

    (a) Increase in Size of the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund.--
Paragraph (1) of section 4611(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
is amended by striking ``$2,000,000,000'' and inserting 
``$10,000,000,000''.
    (b) Increase in Per-Incident Cleanup Cap.--Subparagraph (A) of 
section 9509(c)(2) of such Code is amended--
            (1) by striking ``$1,000,000,000'' both places it appears 
        in the heading and text and inserting ``$10,000,000,000'', and
            (2) in clause (ii) by striking ``$500,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$5,000,000,000''.
    (c) Increase in Tax.--Subparagraph (B) of section 4611(c)(2) of 
such Code is amended--
            (1) in clause (i) by striking ``8 cents'' and inserting 
        ``30 cents'', and
            (2) in clause (ii) by striking ``9 cents'' and inserting 
        ``40 cents''.
    (d) Repeal of Sunset of Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund Financing 
Rate.--Section 4611(f) of such Code is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (2), and
            (2) by striking ``(1) In general.--Except'' and inserting 
        ``Except''.
    (e) Update Expenditures From Trust Fund.--Subsection (f) of section 
9509 of such Code is amended by striking ``the date of the enactment of 
this subsection'' and inserting ``the date of the enactment of the 
Omnibus Right to Equitable Means of Ensuring Damages for Injuries are 
Efficiently Secured Act of 2010''.
    (f) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act, and these amendments 
will not be retroactive.

SEC. 5. AMENDMENT TO JONES ACT.

    (a) In General.--Section 30104 of title 46, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``seamen'' 
        inserting ``covered maritime employees'';
            (2) by striking ``seaman'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``covered maritime employee'';
            (3) by striking ``personal representative of'' and 
        inserting ``spouse, parent, child, sibling, or dependent 
        relative of'';
            (4) by inserting ``or any person whose act or omission was 
        a cause of the injury or death'' after ``the employer'';
            (5) by inserting ``(a) In General'' before the first 
        sentence; and
            (6) by adding at the end of the section the following:
    ``(b) Covered Maritime Employee Defined.--In this section the term 
`covered maritime employee' means--
            ``(1) a seaman; or
            ``(2) an individual employed on an offshore facility (as 
        that term is defined in section 1001 of the Oil Pollution Act 
        of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 2701)) or a mobile offshore drilling 
        unit.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The chapter analysis at the beginning of 
chapter 301 of title 46, United States Code, is amended by striking the 
item relating to such section and inserting the following:

``30104. Personal injury or death of covered maritime employee.''.

SEC. 6. AMENDMENTS TO DEATH ON THE HIGH SEAS ACT.

    The Death on the High Seas Act (chapter 303 of title 46, United 
States Code), is amended--
            (1) by striking ``personal representative'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``spouse, parent, child, sibling, or 
        dependent relative'';
            (2) in section 30303--
                    (A) by inserting ``and nonpecuniary loss'' after 
                ``pecuniary loss'';
                    (B) by striking ``by'' and all that follows through 
                the end, and inserting ``, plus a fair compensation for 
                the decedent's pain and suffering, and may include 
                punitive damages if the death resulted from gross 
                negligence or willful misconduct of the defendant.''; 
                and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following: ``In this 
                section, the term `nonpecuniary loss' means loss of 
                care, comfort, and companionship.''; and
            (3) in section 30306, by inserting ``(a)'' before the first 
        sentence, and by adding at the end of the section the 
        following:
    ``(b) Restriction on Recovery by Noncitizen and Nonresident Alien 
Workers for Incidents Arising During International Voyages of Foreign 
Vessels.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        civil action for maintenance and cure for damages for personal 
        injury or death may not be brought under a maritime law of the 
        United States if--
                    ``(A) the individual suffering the injury or death 
                was not a citizen or permanent resident alien of the 
                United States at the time of the incident giving rise 
                to the action; and
                    ``(B) the incident occurred during an international 
                voyage of a vessel, duly registered under the laws of a 
                foreign nation, upon which the individual suffering the 
                injury or death was employed.
            ``(2) Nonapplication.--Paragraph (1) does not apply if the 
        individual bringing the action establishes that a remedy is not 
        available under the laws of--
                    ``(A) the country in which the vessel is 
                registered; or
                    ``(B) the country in which the individual suffering 
                the injury or death maintained citizenship or residency 
                at the time of the incident.''.

SEC. 7. REQUIREMENT FOR REDUNDANCY IN RESPONSE PLANS.

    (a) Requirement.--Section 311(j)(5)(D) of the Federal Water 
Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1331(j)(5)(D)) is amended by 
redesignating clauses (v) and (vi) as clauses (vii) and (viii), and by 
inserting after clause (iv) the following new clauses:
                            ``(v) include redundancies that specify 
                        response actions that will be taken if other 
                        response actions specified in the plan fail;
                            ``(vi) be vetted by impartial experts;''.
    (b) Condition of Permit.--The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 
U.S.C. 1331 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
section:

``SEC. 32. RESPONSE PLAN REQUIRED FOR PERMIT OR LICENSE AUTHORIZING 
              DRILLING FOR OIL AND GAS.

    ``The Secretary may not issue any license or permit authorizing 
drilling for oil and gas on the outer Continental Shelf unless the 
applicant for the license or permit has a response plan approved under 
section 311(j)(5)(D) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
U.S.C. 1331(j)(5)(D)) for the vessel or facility that will be used to 
conduct such drilling.''.

SEC. 8. SUSPENSION OF DRILLING PERMIT FOR EXCESSIVE OSHA OR OTHER 
              SAFETY VIOLATIONS.

    Section 5(a)(1)(B) of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 
U.S.C. 1334(a)(1)(B)) is amended by inserting after ``human 
environment'' the following: ``, including in any case in which 5 or 
more violations of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 
U.S.C. 651 et seq.), the regulations under that Act, or other safety 
laws or regulations occur in operations under the lease or permit 
within a 1-year period''.

SEC. 9. PROCESSING OF CLAIMS BY RESPONSIBLE PARTIES.

    Section 1013 of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 2713) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Processing of Claims by Responsible Parties.--In processing 
claims under this section for loss of income, a responsible party 
shall--
            ``(1) consider claims for loss of income according to 
        categories of business of the claimants;
            ``(2) make determinations based on the unique practices 
        within each category; and
            ``(3) treat fisherman as a separate category.''.

SEC. 10. CLASS ACTION FAIRNESS ACT.

    Title 28, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in section 1711(2), by inserting ``, but does not 
        include an action brought by a State or subdivision of a State 
        on behalf of its citizens'' before the period; and
            (2) in section 1332(d)(1)(B), by inserting ``, but does not 
        include an action brought by a State or subdivision of a State 
        on behalf of its citizens'' before the semicolon.

SEC. 11. MULTI-PARTY LITIGATION.

    Section 1407 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(i) This section does not apply to any action--
            ``(1) under chapter 301 of title 46, United States Code 
        (commonly called the Jones Act);
            ``(2) under the Death on the High Seas Act (chapter 303 of 
        title 46, United States Code); or
            ``(3) brought by a State or a subdivision of a State on 
        behalf of its citizens.''.

SEC. 12. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS SYSTEM.

    The Secretary of Homeland Security shall have the authority to 
require any entity that is liable for damages under the Oil Pollution 
Act of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.) to establish an independent claims 
system for all claims under that Act and for any other claims against 
such entity in regard to the same incident that gave rise to that 
liability. Such system shall include a categorization of claimants 
according to the type of loss for which the claim is made and 
guidelines for the type of proof necessary based on the category 
involved.

SEC. 13. EMERGENCY OIL SPILL COORDINATION TEAM.

    The President shall establish an emergency oil spill coordination 
team that includes the Commandant of the Coast Guard, the Administrator 
of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Energy, the 
Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of the Interior, and chief of the 
Army Corps of Engineers, to respond to oil spills in the United States. 
In addition, the President shall establish the chain of command for 
such team.

SEC. 14. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TEAM.

    The President shall appoint a research and development team to 
review and recommend new technologies that prevent oil spills, 
especially deep water drilling oil spills. The oil industry shall 
establish a $1,000,000,000 research and development fund to develop the 
latest technologies related to oil spill recovery, remediation, and 
cleanup. The team shall be comprised of representatives of government, 
industry, research, and academia who have expertise in research and 
development activities regarding deep water oil drilling.

SEC. 15. PTSD COUNSELING.

    The Secretary of Homeland Security shall make extensive post-
traumatic stress disorder counseling available to victims of 
significant oil spill disasters, including indirect victims suffering 
severe economic damages.

SEC. 16. PANEL OF EXPERTS TO ASSESS AND EVALUATE THE LONG-TERM 
              ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE GULF OIL SPILL.

    The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall 
establish a panel of experts to assess and evaluate the long-term 
environmental impacts of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico resulting 
from the explosion on and sinking of the mobile offshore drilling unit 
Deepwater Horizon.

SEC. 17. ESTABLISHMENT OF A LIABILITY STRUCTURE.

    The President shall issue regulations that establish limitations on 
liability under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 that are substantially 
similar to the limitations established by section 170 of the Act of 
August 1, 1946 (ch. 724; 42 U.S.C. 2210), popularly known as the Price-
Anderson Act. Such regulations shall apply with respect to such 
liability in lieu of any limitation on liability established by the Oil 
Pollution Act of 1990. This section shall not be retroactive.

SEC. 18. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act shall take effect April 15, 2010.