To amend the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005.

Summary: Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Reauthorization Act of 2010 - (Sec. 2) Amends the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005 to revise provisions related to the National Cord Blood Inventory (the Inventory), including to establish an inventory goal of at least 150,000 new units of cord blood to be made available under the C.W. Bill Young Cell Transplantation Program (the Program). (Currently, the number of units of cord blood is capped at 150,000.)

Revises application requirements for cord blood banks participating in the Inventory to require such banks to: (1) make assurances that cord blood units will be available for direct transplantation until it is released for transplantation for a first degree relative; (2) participate in the Program for a period of at least ten years, beginning on the last date on which the recipient receives federal funds under a contract; (3) provide a plan to increase cord blood unit collections at collection sites that exist at the time of application, assist with the establishment of new collection sites, or contract with new collection sites; and (4) annually provide to the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) a plan for, and demonstrate, ongoing measurable progress toward achieving self-sufficiency of cord blood unit collection and banking operations.

Revises the requirements for a contract extension to make a qualified cord blood bank eligible for a five-year extension if the bank demonstrates a superior ability to satisfy the requirements of the contract and achieve the overall goals for which the contract was awarded.

Redefines the term "first-degree relative" to exclude a parent.

Authorizes appropriations for FY2011-FY2015 for the Inventory.

Amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Program to support and expand studies and demonstration and outreach projects that focus on: (1) remote collection of cord blood units; and (2) novel approaches or incentives to encourage innovative technological advances that could be used to collect cord blood units. Defines "remote collection" to mean the collection of cord blood units at locations that do not have written contracts with cord blood banks for collection support.

Requires the Secretary to: (1) set an annual goal of increasing collections of high quality cord blood units; (2) identify at least one demonstration or outreach project to replicate and expand nationwide, as appropriate; and (3) submit a plan for meeting such goal to the relevant congressional committees if no such project can be identified.

Revises privacy requirements to protect the identity and privacy of patients and donors in accordance with federal and state law.

Requires the Secretary to submit an interim report to Congress within 180 days of enactment of this Act describing: (1) the methods to distribute federal funds to cord blood banks; (2) how cord blood banks contract with collection sites for the collection of cord blood units; and (3) recommendations for improving the methods to distribute federal funds to encourage the efficient collection of high-quality and diverse cord blood units. Directs the Advisory Council on Blood Stem Cell Transplantation to submit recommendations to the Secretary with respect to remote collection of cord blood units.

Authorizes appropriations for FY2011-FY2015 to carry out the Program.

Directs the Comptroller General to submit to the relevant congressional committees and the Secretary a report reviewing studies, demonstration programs, and outreach efforts for the purpose of increasing cord blood unit donation and collection for the Inventory to ensure a high-quality and genetically diverse inventory of cord blood units.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research 
Reauthorization Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS TO THE STEM CELL THERAPEUTIC AND RESEARCH ACT OF 
              2005.

    (a) Cord Blood Inventory.--Section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic 
and Research Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 274k note) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``the inventory goal of 
        at least'' before ``150,000'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or is 
                transferred'' and all that follows through the period 
                and inserting ``for a first-degree relative.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``150,000'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``beginning on 
                the last date on which the recipient of a contract 
                under this section receives Federal funds under this 
                section'' after ``10 years'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting ``;'';
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (5); and
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) will provide a plan to increase cord blood unit 
        collections at collection sites that exist at the time of 
        application, assist with the establishment of new collection 
        sites, or contract with new collection sites;
            ``(4) will annually provide to the Secretary a plan for, 
        and demonstrate, ongoing measurable progress toward achieving 
        self-sufficiency of cord blood unit collection and banking 
        operations; and'';
            (4) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``10 years'' and inserting 
                        ``a period of at least 10 years beginning on 
                        the last date on which the recipient of a 
                        contract under this section receives Federal 
                        funds under this section''; and
                            (ii) by striking the second sentence and 
                        inserting ``The Secretary shall ensure that no 
                        Federal funds shall be obligated under any such 
                        contract after the date that is 5 years after 
                        the date on which the contract is entered into, 
                        except as provided in paragraphs (2) and 
                        (3).'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``Subject to 
                                paragraph (1)(B), the'' and inserting 
                                ``The''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``3'' and 
                                inserting ``5'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
                        ``150,000'' and all that follows through 
                        ``and'' at the end and inserting ``the 
                        inventory goal described in subsection (a) has 
                        not yet been met;'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``meeting the 
                                requirements under subsection (d)'' 
                                after ``receive an application for a 
                                contract under this section''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``or the 
                                Secretary'' and all that follows 
                                through the period at the end and 
                                inserting ``; or''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) the Secretary determines that the outstanding 
                inventory need cannot be met by the qualified cord 
                blood banks under contract under this section.''; and
                    (C) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(3) Extension eligibility.--A qualified cord blood bank 
        shall be eligible for a 5-year extension of a contract awarded 
        under this section, as described in paragraph (2), provided 
        that the qualified cord blood bank--
                    ``(A) demonstrates a superior ability to satisfy 
                the requirements described in subsection (b) and 
                achieves the overall goals for which the contract was 
                awarded;
                    ``(B) provides a plan for how the qualified cord 
                blood bank will increase cord blood unit collections at 
                collection sites that exist at the time of 
                consideration for such extension of a contract, assist 
                with the establishment of new collection sites, or 
                contract with new collection sites; and
                    ``(C) annually provides to the Secretary a plan 
                for, and demonstrates, ongoing measurable progress 
                toward achieving self-sufficiency of cord blood unit 
                collection and banking operations.'';
            (5) in subsection (g)(4), by striking ``or parent''; and
            (6) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
        program under this section $23,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2011 through 2014 and $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2015.'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (2); and
                    (C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``in each of fiscal years 2007 through 2009'' 
                and inserting ``for each of fiscal years 2011 through 
                2015''.
    (b) National Program.--Section 379 of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 274k) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a)(6) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(6) The Secretary, acting through the Administrator of 
        the Health Resources and Services Administration, shall submit 
        to Congress an annual report on the activities carried out 
        under this section.'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``With respect to cord blood, 
                        the Program shall--'' and inserting the 
                        following:
                    ``(A) In general.--With respect to cord blood, the 
                Program shall--'';
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
                        through (H) as clauses (i) through (viii) 
                        respectively (with appropriate indentation);
                            (iii) by striking clause (iv), as so 
                        redesignated, and inserting the following:
                            ``(iv) support and expand new and existing 
                        studies and demonstration and outreach projects 
                        for the purpose of increasing cord blood unit 
                        donation and collection from a genetically 
                        diverse population and expanding the number of 
                        cord blood unit collection sites partnering 
                        with cord blood banks receiving a contract 
                        under the National Cord Blood Inventory program 
                        under section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic 
                        and Research Act of 2005, including such 
                        studies and projects that focus on--
                                    ``(I) remote collection of cord 
                                blood units, consistent with the 
                                requirements under the Program and the 
                                National Cord Blood Inventory program 
                                goal described in section 2(a) of the 
                                Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act 
                                of 2005; and
                                    ``(II) exploring novel approaches 
                                or incentives to encourage innovative 
                                technological advances that could be 
                                used to collect cord blood units, 
                                consistent with the requirements under 
                                the Program and such National Cord 
                                Blood Inventory program goal;''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Efforts to increase collection of high 
                quality cord blood units.--In carrying out subparagraph 
                (A)(iv), not later than 1 year after the date of 
                enactment of the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 and annually thereafter, 
                the Secretary shall set an annual goal of increasing 
                collections of high quality cord blood units, 
                consistent with the inventory goal described in section 
                2(a) of the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 
                2005 (referred to in this subparagraph as the 
                `inventory goal'), and shall identify at least one 
                project under subparagraph (A)(iv) to replicate and 
                expand nationwide, as appropriate. If the Secretary 
                cannot identify a project as described in the preceding 
                sentence, the Secretary shall submit a plan, not later 
                than 180 days after the date on which the Secretary was 
                required to identify such a project, to the Committee 
                on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate 
                and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House 
                of Representatives for expanding remote collection of 
                high quality cord blood units, consistent with the 
                requirements under the National Cord Blood Inventory 
                program under section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic 
                and Research Act of 2005 and the inventory goal. Each 
                such plan shall be made available to the public.
                    ``(C) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term 
                `remote collection' means the collection of cord blood 
                units at locations that do not have written contracts 
                with cord blood banks for collection support.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)(A), by striking ``(2)(A)'' and 
                inserting ``(2)(A)(i)''; and
            (3) by striking subsection (f)(5)(A) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) require the establishment of a system of 
                strict confidentiality to protect the identity and 
                privacy of patients and donors in accordance with 
                Federal and State law; and''.
    (c) Additional Reports.--
            (1) Interim report.--In addition to the annual report 
        required under section 379(a)(6) of the Public Health Service 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 274k(a)(6)), the Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services (referred to in this subsection as the ``Secretary''), 
        in consultation with the Advisory Council established under 
        such section 379, shall submit to Congress an interim report 
        not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act 
        describing--
                    (A) the methods to distribute Federal funds to cord 
                blood banks used at the time of submission of the 
                report;
                    (B) how cord blood banks contract with collection 
                sites for the collection of cord blood units; and
                    (C) recommendations for improving the methods to 
                distribute Federal funds described in subparagraph (A) 
                in order to encourage the efficient collection of high-
                quality and diverse cord blood units.
            (2) Recommendations.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Advisory Council shall submit 
        recommendations to the Secretary with respect to--
                    (A) whether models for remote collection of cord 
                blood units should be allowed only with limited, 
                scientifically-justified safety protections; and
                    (B) whether the Secretary should allow for cord 
                blood unit collection from routine deliveries without 
                temperature or humidity monitoring of delivery rooms in 
                hospitals approved by the Joint Commission.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 379B of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 274m) is amended by striking 
``$34,000,000'' and all that follows through the period at the end, and 
inserting ``$30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2011 through 2014 and 
$33,000,000 for fiscal year 2015.''.
    (e) Report on Cord Blood Unit Donation and Collection.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
        States shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, 
        Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the 
        Secretary of Health and Human Services a report reviewing 
        studies, demonstration programs, and outreach efforts for the 
        purpose of increasing cord blood unit donation and collection 
        for the National Cord Blood Inventory to ensure a high-quality 
        and genetically diverse inventory of cord blood units.
            (2) Contents.--The report described in paragraph (1) shall 
        include a review of such studies, demonstration programs, and 
        outreach efforts under section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic 
        and Research Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 274k note) (as amended by 
        this Act) and section 379 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 274k) (as amended by this Act), including--
                    (A) a description of the challenges and barriers to 
                expanding the number of cord blood unit collection 
                sites, including cost, the cash flow requirements and 
                operations of awarding contracts, the methods by which 
                funds are distributed through contracts, the impact of 
                regulatory and administrative requirements, and the 
                capacity of cord blood banks to maintain high-quality 
                units;
                    (B) remote collection or other innovative 
                technological advances that could be used to collect 
                cord blood units;
                    (C) appropriate methods for improving provider 
                education about collecting cord blood units for the 
                national inventory and participation in such collection 
                activities;
                    (D) estimates of the number of cord blood unit 
                collection sites necessary to meet the outstanding 
                national inventory need and the characteristics of such 
                collection sites that would help increase the genetic 
                diversity and enhance the quality of cord blood units 
                collected;
                    (E) best practices for establishing and sustaining 
                partnerships for cord blood unit collection at medical 
                facilities with a high number of minority births;
                    (F) potential and proven incentives to encourage 
                hospitals to become cord blood unit collection sites 
                and partner with cord blood banks participating in the 
                National Cord Blood Inventory under section 2 of the 
                Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005 and to 
                assist cord blood banks in expanding the number of cord 
                blood unit collection sites with which such cord blood 
                banks partner;
                    (G) recommendations about methods cord blood banks 
                and collection sites could use to lower costs and 
                improve efficiency of cord blood unit collection 
                without decreasing the quality of the cord blood units 
                collected; and
                    (H) a description of the methods used prior to the 
                date of enactment of this Act to distribute funds to 
                cord blood banks and recommendations for how to improve 
                such methods to encourage the efficient collection of 
                high-quality and diverse cord blood units, consistent 
                with the requirements of the C.W. Bill Young Cell 
                Transplantation Program and the National Cord Blood 
                Inventory program under section 2 of the Stem Cell 
                Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005.
    (f) Definition.--In this Act, the term ``remote collection'' has 
the meaning given such term in section 379(d)(2)(C) of the Public 
Health Service Act.