A bill to reaffirm and amend the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010, and for other purposes.

Summary: Space Exploration Sustainability Act - Amends the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 to make it: (1) a long-term goal for the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) to sustainably expand permanent human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and to expand economic activity in space, and (2) a key objective of the United States to expand throughout cis-lunar space (the region of space from the Earth out to and including the region around the surface of the Moon) and beyond.

Requires the Administrator of NASA to submit to Congress a strategy for achieving the long-term goal of sustainably expanding a human presence beyond low-Earth orbit through robust use of cis-lunar space. Instructs NASA to proceed with the utilization of the International Space Station, technology development, and follow-on transportation systems, including the space launch system and the multi-purpose crew vehicle.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Space Exploration Sustainability 
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) A robust and balanced space program enhances the United 
        States long-term national and economic security by--
                    (A) inspiring students to pursue disciplines in 
                science, technology, engineering, and mathematics;
                    (B) stimulating development of advanced 
                technologies with widespread applications;
                    (C) increasing the United States technological 
                competitiveness; and
                    (D) enhancing global prosperity and security 
                through cooperation in shared interests, such as 
                advancement of science, understanding of Earth and the 
                universe, and protection from space borne threats, such 
                as asteroids.
            (2) The Nation's space program should include endeavors 
        that balance--
                    (A) national security space and civil space;
                    (B) robotic and human exploration;
                    (C) advancement of scientific knowledge and 
                engagement of the general public;
                    (D) U.S. Government led launch capability 
                development, including the Space Launch System and 
                multi-purpose crew vehicle, and partnerships with 
                commercial and international entities;
                    (E) advancement of the space frontier and 
                stimulation of commerce within Earth Orbit; and
                    (F) peering outward to further understanding of the 
                universe and observing Earth to expand knowledge of our 
                home planet.
            (3) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18301 et seq.) provides 
        for a robust and balanced national space program.

SEC. 3. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES.

    Section 202 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18312) is amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) Long-Term Goal.--The long-term goal of the human space flight 
and exploration efforts of NASA shall be to sustainably expand 
permanent human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and to do so, where 
practical, in a manner involving international partners and expanding 
economic activity in space.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(2), by inserting ``and expanding 
        throughout cis-lunar space and beyond'' after 
        ``infrastructure''.

SEC. 4. REPORT ON CIS-LUNAR SPACE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration shall submit to Congress a strategy to achieve 
the long-term goal of sustainably expanding a human presence beyond 
low-Earth orbit under section 202(a) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18312(a)) 
through robust utilization of cis-lunar space.
    (b) Requirements.--The strategy shall include a discussion of--
            (1) the utility of an expanded permanent human presence in 
        cis-lunar space to enable missions to the lunar surface, 
        asteroids, the Mars system, and other destinations of interest 
        for future human exploration;
            (2) the utility of an expanded permanent human presence in 
        cis-lunar space to economic, scientific, and technological 
        advances;
            (3) the opportunities for--
                    (A) international partner collaboration toward the 
                establishment and continuance of an expanded permanent 
                human presence in cis-lunar space;
                    (B) international partner contributions to the 
                missions listed under paragraph (1) that are uniquely 
                enabled by mission architectures that make use of an 
                expanded and persistent human presence in cis-lunar 
                space;
                    (C) commercial industry participation toward the 
                expansion and continuance of permanent human presence 
                in cis-lunar space;
                    (D) commercial industry contributions to the 
                missions listed under paragraph (1) that are uniquely 
                enabled by mission architectures that make use of an 
                expanded and persistent human presence in cis-lunar 
                space; and
                    (E) commercial ventures that result from an 
                expanded and persistent human presence in cis-lunar 
                space;
            (4) the opportunities and uses for the National Aeronautics 
        and Space Administration managed allocation of the 
        International Space Station National Laboratory, including a 
        specific discussion of high priority scientific and 
        technological developments that use the International Space 
        Station toward expanding and sustaining a human presence in 
        cis-lunar space; and
            (5) a range of exploration mission architectures for the 
        missions listed under paragraph (1).
    (c) Comparison of Architectures.--
            (1) In general.--The strategy shall include a comparison of 
        architectures that use an expanded and persistent human 
        presence in cis-lunar space and architectures that do not, with 
        a primary objective of identifying the architectures and 
        approaches that--
                    (A) best support the long-term goal under section 
                202(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
                18312(a)); and
                    (B) are enabled by the transportation capabilities 
                developed under titles III and IV of the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
                of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18301 et seq.).
            (2) Factors.--Factors to be considered in the comparison 
        shall include recurring and non-recurring cost, safety, 
        sustainability, opportunities for international collaboration, 
        enabling of new markets and opportunities for commercial 
        industry, compelling scientific opportunities, flexibility of 
        the architecture to adjust to evolving technologies, and 
        leadership and priorities over time.
    (d) Implementation Plan.--The strategy shall include a plan that 
establishes a method and schedule for implementation of the strategy. 
The implementation plan shall include--
            (1) proposed Program Formulation events;
            (2) Program Critical Design Reviews;
            (3) System Integration Reviews;
            (4) Systems Assembly, Integration and Test milestones; and
            (5) schedules of planned test launches and events, up to 
        and including initial missions.

SEC. 5. ASSURANCE OF CORE CAPABILITIES.

    Section 203 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18313) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(c) Assurance of Core Capabilities.--The Administrator shall 
proceed with the utilization of the ISS, technology development, and 
follow-on transportation systems, including the Space Launch System, 
multi-purpose crew vehicle, and commercial crew and cargo 
transportation capabilities authorized by this Act in a manner that 
ensures--
            ``(1) that these capabilities remain inherently 
        complimentary and interrelated;
            ``(2) a balance of the development, sustainment, and use of 
        each of these capacities, which are of critical importance to 
        the viability and sustainability of the U.S. space program; and
            ``(3) that resources required to support the timely and 
        sustainable development of these capabilities are not derived 
        from a reduction in resources from one capability as a means of 
        increasing resources to support another capability.''.

SEC. 6. EXTENSION OF CERTAIN SPACE LAUNCH LIABILITY PROVISIONS.

    Section 50915(f) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``December 31, 2012'' and inserting ``December 31, 2014''.

SEC. 7. EXEMPTION FROM INKSNA.

    Section 7(1) of the Iran, North Korea, and Syria Nonproliferation 
Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(1) Extraordinary payments in connection with the 
        international space station.--The term `extraordinary payments 
        in connection with the International Space Station' means 
        payments in cash or in-kind made or to be made by the United 
        States Government for work on the International Space Station 
        which the Russian Government pledged at any time to provide at 
        its expense.''.