DATA Act of 2013

Summary: Disaster Assistance Transparency and Accountability Act of 2013 or the DATA Act of 2013 - Requires the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to submit to Congress a report that specifies: (1) the amount obligated by the federal government for disaster assistance, by each agency and program thereof, for each of the preceding 10 fiscal years; and (2) the amount projected to be obligated for disaster assistance by each agency and program for the fiscal year in which the report is submitted. Requires the Director to submit to Congress, in conjunction with the President's annual budget submission, a report that specifies: (1) the amount projected to be obligated in the upcoming fiscal year for disaster assistance by each federal agency and program, (2) the amount obligated during the most-recently concluded fiscal year for disaster assistance by each federal agency and program, and (3) any corrections to previous reports. Directs the Comptroller General to report to the House and Senate appropriations and budget committees every two years on: (1) an evaluation of federal disaster assistance spending, including the identification of areas of potential duplication, waste, fraud, or abuse; (2) recommendations on how federal agencies can improve transparency in, and better account for, disaster assistance spending to ensure that funds are spent in an effective and efficient manner; and (3) an evaluation of the effectiveness and equity of the current system of cost-sharing with respect to disaster assistance spending, including the system's effectiveness in reducing the federal cost of disaster assistance and promoting non-federal investment in disaster recovery, mitigation, and preparedness.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Disaster Assistance Transparency and 
Accountability Act of 2013'' or the ``DATA Act of 2013''.

SEC. 2. DISASTER ASSISTANCE REPORTS.

    (a) Disaster Assistance Spending Report.--
            (1) Initial report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of 
        Management and Budget shall submit to Congress a report that 
        specifies--
                    (A) for each of the 10 fiscal years most recently 
                concluded before submission of the report, the amount 
                obligated by the Federal Government for disaster 
                assistance, including the amount obligated for disaster 
                assistance--
                            (i) by each Federal department or agency 
                        that made an obligation relating to disaster 
                        assistance; and
                            (ii) under each relevant program, project, 
                        or activity of such department or agency; and
                    (B) for the fiscal year in which the report is 
                submitted, the amount projected to be obligated by the 
                Federal Government for disaster assistance, including 
                the amount projected to be obligated for disaster 
                assistance--
                            (i) by each Federal department or agency 
                        that has made or may make an obligation 
                        relating to disaster assistance; and
                            (ii) under each relevant program, project, 
                        or activity of such department or agency.
            (2) Annual report.--Each year in conjunction with the 
        President's annual budget submission to Congress under section 
        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Director of the 
        Office of Management and Budget shall submit to Congress a 
        report that specifies--
                    (A) for the fiscal year for which the budget is 
                submitted, the amount projected to be obligated for 
                disaster assistance by--
                            (i) each Federal department or agency that 
                        may make an obligation relating to disaster 
                        assistance; and
                            (ii) each relevant program, project, or 
                        activity of such department or agency;
                    (B) for the fiscal year in which the budget is 
                submitted, the amount projected to be obligated for 
                disaster assistance by--
                            (i) each Federal department or agency that 
                        has made or may make an obligation relating to 
                        disaster assistance; and
                            (ii) each relevant program, project, or 
                        activity of such department or agency;
                    (C) for the most-recently concluded fiscal year, 
                the amount obligated for disaster assistance by--
                            (i) each Federal department or agency that 
                        made an obligation relating to disaster 
                        assistance; and
                            (ii) each relevant program, project, or 
                        activity of such department or agency; and
                    (D) any corrections to reports previously submitted 
                under this subsection.
    (b) Biennial Report Evaluating Effectiveness of Disaster Assistance 
Spending.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which the report 
under subsection (a)(1) is submitted, and every 2 years thereafter, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Committee 
on Appropriations and the Committee on the Budget of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee 
on the Budget of the Senate a report that provides--
            (1) an evaluation of Federal disaster assistance spending, 
        including the identification of areas of potential duplication, 
        waste, fraud, or abuse;
            (2) recommendations on how Federal departments and agencies 
        can improve transparency in and better account for disaster 
        assistance spending to ensure that funds are spent in an 
        effective and efficient manner; and
            (3) an evaluation of the effectiveness and equity of the 
        current system of cost-sharing with respect to disaster 
        assistance spending, including the system's effectiveness in 
        reducing the Federal cost of disaster assistance and promoting 
        non-Federal investment in disaster recovery, mitigation, and 
        preparedness.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply:
            (1) Disaster.--The term ``disaster'' means any natural, 
        accidental, or manmade catastrophe in any part of the United 
        States, including a territory or possession of the United 
        States, which causes, or which may cause, substantial damage or 
        injury, without regard to whether such catastrophe results in a 
        declaration of a major disaster or emergency under the Robert 
        T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 
        U.S.C. 5121 et seq.).
            (2) Disaster assistance.--The term ``disaster assistance'' 
        means any Federal activity, including the provision of 
        financial assistance, carried out to assist a public or private 
        entity affected by the occurrence of a disaster.