To amend title 23, United States Code, to improve roadway safety for motor vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians and workers in proximity to vehicle traffic.

Summary: Amends Federal highway provisions to include within the definition of "safety improvement project" a project that installs or maintains fluorescent, yellow-green signs at pedestrian or bicycle crossings or school zones.Authorizes the payment from apportioned funds for the entire cost of construction projects involving the maintenance of protective devices at railway-highway crossings. Makes specified sums available for each fiscal year for that purpose.Provides for biennial (currently, annual) reports by each State to the Secretary of Transportation on progress being made to implement the railway-highway crossings program.Requires each State to identify roadway safety improvement needs for hazardous locations, sections, and elements which may constitute a danger to motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Authorizes the Secretary to approve as a project under the hazard elimination program any safety improvement project that reduces the likelihood of crashes involving road departures, intersections, pedestrians, bicycles, older drivers, or construction work zones. Makes funds available for: (1) police assistance for traffic and speed management in construction work zones; or (2) compilation and analysis of data.Directs the Secretary to: (1) transmit to specified congressional committees biennial reports on the results of the hazard elimination program; and (2) issue regulations to decrease the likelihood of worker injury and maintain the free flow of vehicular traffic by requiring workers whose duties place them on or in close proximity to a Federal-aid highway to wear high visibility garments. Authorizes such regulations to require other worker-safety measures.

SECTION 1. ELIMINATION OF HAZARDS RELATED TO HIGHWAY FACILITIES.

    (a) Definition of Safety Improvement Project.--Section 101(a)(30) 
of title 23, United States Code, is amended by inserting ``installs or 
maintains fluorescent, yellow-green signs at pedestrian or bicycle 
crossings or school zones,'' after ``call boxes,''.
    (b) Railway-Highway Crossings.--
            (1) Eligible projects.--The first sentence of section 
        130(a) of such title is amended by inserting ``maintenance of 
        protective devices,'' after ``structures,''.
            (2) Funds for protective devices.--Section 130(e) of such 
        title is amended by striking ``At least \1/2\'' and inserting 
        ``For each fiscal year, at least $150,000,000''.
            (3) Biennial reports to congress.--The third sentence of 
        section 130(g) of such title is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``not later than April 1 of each 
                year'' and inserting ``every other year'';
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The 
                Secretary shall combine this report with the 
                Secretary's report under section 152(h).''.
            (4) Expenditure of funds.--Section 130 of such title is 
        further amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Expenditure of Funds.--Funds made available to carry out this 
section shall be available for expenditure on compilation and analysis 
of data in support of activities carried out under subsection (g).''.
    (c) Availability of Surface Transportation Program Funds.--The 
second sentence of section 133(d)(1) of such title is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``equal'' after ``year an''; and
            (2) by striking ``which is'' and all that follows before 
        the period.
    (d) Hazard Elimination Program.--
            (1) Purposes.--Section 152(a)(1) of such title is amended 
        by inserting after ``pedestrians,'' the following: ``identify 
        roadway safety improvement needs for such locations, sections, 
        and elements,''.
            (2) Approval of projects.--Section 152(b) of such title is 
        amended by inserting before the period at the end the 
        following: ``, that reduces the likelihood of crashes involving 
        road departures, intersections, pedestrians, bicycles, older 
        drivers, or construction work zones''.
            (3) Expenditure of funds.--Section 152(c) of such title is 
        amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (2) by striking ``or'' at the end;
                    (B) in paragraph (3) by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) police assistance for traffic and speed management in 
        construction work zones; or
            ``(5) compilation and analysis of data under subsections 
        (f) and (g).''.
            (4) Conforming amendment.--Section 152(g) of such title is 
        amended by striking the third sentence and all that follows 
        through the period at the end of the section.
            (5) Biennial report to congress.--Section 152 of such title 
        is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection 
                (i); and
                    (B) by inserting after subsection (g) the 
                following:
    ``(h) Biennial Reports to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this subsection, and every 2 years thereafter, 
the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the results of 
the program under this section. The report shall include, at a minimum, 
the following:
            ``(1) A summary of State projects completed under this 
        section categorized by the types of hazards described in 
        subsection (b) and a statement of the cost of such projects.
            ``(2) An analysis of the effectiveness of such projects in 
        reducing the number and severity of crashes at high hazard 
        locations.
            ``(3) An assessment of the adequacy of authorized funding 
        for the program and State use of such funding to address the 
        national need for such projects.
            ``(4) Recommendations for funding and program improvements 
        to reduce the number of high hazard locations.''.

SEC. 2. WORKER INJURY PREVENTION AND FREE FLOW OF VEHICULAR TRAFFIC.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Transportation shall issue regulations to decrease the 
likelihood of worker injury and maintain the free flow of vehicular 
traffic by requiring workers whose duties place them on or in close 
proximity to a Federal-aid highway (as defined in section 101 of title 
23, United States Code) to wear high visibility garments. Such 
regulations may also require such other worker-safety measures for 
workers with those duties as the Secretary determines appropriate.