True Cost of War Act of 2013

Summary: True Cost of War Act of 2013 - Directs the President, with contributions from the Secretary of Defense (DOD), the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of Veterans Affairs (VA), to provide Congress with an estimate of the long-term costs of Operation New Dawn (the successor contingency operation to Operation Iraqi Freedom) and Operation Enduring Freedom based on current contingency operation and withdrawal plans, that takes into account expected force levels and the expected length of time that members of the Armed Forces will be deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom.  Requires the President, in preparing such report, to make estimates and projections through at least FY2023, and to take into account specified cost factors.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``True Cost of War Act of 2013''.

SEC. 2. REPORT ON LONG-TERM COSTS OF OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM AND 
              OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States has been engaged in military 
        operations in Afghanistan since October 2001 as Operation 
        Enduring Freedom and in military operations in Iraq since March 
        2003 as Operation Iraqi Freedom and its successor contingency 
        operation, Operation New Dawn.
            (2) According to the Congressional Research Service, 
        through fiscal year 2013, Congress has appropriated 
        $1,500,000,000,000 for the Department of Defense, for the State 
        Department, and for medical costs paid by the Department of 
        Veterans Affairs. This amount includes $821,000,000,000 related 
        to operations in Iraq and $645,000,000,000 related to 
        operations in Afghanistan.
            (3) Over 90 percent of the funds appropriated for the 
        Department of Defense for operations in Iraq and Afghanistan 
        have been provided as supplemental or additional appropriations 
        and designated as an emergency funding requirement.
            (4) The Congressional Budget Office and the Congressional 
        Research Service have stated that future costs for operations 
        in Iraq and Afghanistan are difficult to estimate because the 
        Department of Defense provides little information on costs 
        incurred to date and actual expenditure for operations in Iraq 
        and Afghanistan (because war and baseline funds are mixed in 
        the same accounts) and because of a lack of information from 
        the Department of Defense on many of the key factors that 
        determine costs, including personnel levels and the pace of 
        operations.
            (5) Over 2,400,000 members of the United States Armed 
        Forces have served in Afghanistan and Iraq since the beginning 
        of the conflicts.
            (6) Over 4,400 members of the Armed Forces and Department 
        of Defense civilian personnel have been killed in Operation 
        Iraqi Freedom, and over 2,100 members of the Armed Forces and 
        Department of Defense civilian personnel have been killed in 
        Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.
            (7) Over 1,715 members of the Armed Forces have suffered 
        amputations as a result of wounds or other injuries incurred in 
        Afghanistan or Iraq.
            (8) More than 250,000 veterans of military service in Iraq 
        and Afghanistan have been treated for mental health conditions, 
        more than 100,000 of these veterans have been diagnosed with 
        post-traumatic stress disorder, and approximately 253,330 of 
        these veterans have a confirmed traumatic brain injury 
        diagnosis.
            (9) Approximately 54 percent of veterans of military 
        service in Iraq and Afghanistan have sought treatment at a 
        Department of Veterans Affairs hospital or medical clinic.
            (10) The Independent Review Group on Rehabilitative Care 
        and Administrative Processes at Walter Reed Army Medical Center 
        and National Naval Medical Center identified traumatic brain 
        injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, increased survival of 
        severe burns, and traumatic amputations as the four signature 
        wounds of the current conflicts, and the Independent Review 
        Group report states that the recovery process ``can take months 
        or years and must accommodate recurring or delayed 
        manifestations of symptoms, extended rehabilitation and all the 
        life complications that emerge over time from such trauma''.
    (b) Report Requirement.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President, with contributions from the 
Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of 
Veterans Affairs, shall submit to Congress a report containing an 
estimate of previous costs of Operation New Dawn (the successor 
contingency operation to Operation Iraqi Freedom) and the long-term 
costs of Operation Enduring Freedom for a scenario, determined by the 
President and based on current contingency operation and withdrawal 
plans, that takes into account expected force levels and the expected 
length of time that members of the Armed Forces will be deployed in 
support of Operation Enduring Freedom.
    (c) Estimates To Be Used in Preparation of Report.--In preparing 
the report required by subsection (b), the President shall make 
estimates and projections through at least fiscal year 2023, adjust any 
dollar amounts appropriately for inflation, and take into account and 
specify each of the following:
            (1) The total number of members of the Armed Forces 
        expected to be deployed in support of Operation Enduring 
        Freedom, including--
                    (A) the number of members of the Armed Forces 
                actually deployed in Southwest Asia in support of 
                Operation Enduring Freedom;
                    (B) the number of members of reserve components of 
                the Armed Forces called or ordered to active duty in 
                the United States for the purpose of training for 
                eventual deployment in Southwest Asia, backfilling for 
                deployed troops, or supporting other Department of 
                Defense missions directly or indirectly related to 
                Operation Enduring Freedom; and
                    (C) the break-down of deployments of members of the 
                regular and reserve components and activation of 
                members of the reserve components.
            (2) The number of members of the Armed Forces, including 
        members of the reserve components, who have previously served 
        in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or 
        Operation Enduring Freedom and who are expected to serve 
        multiple deployments.
            (3) The number of contractors and private military security 
        firms that have been used and are expected to be used during 
        the course of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and 
        Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (4) The number of veterans currently suffering and expected 
        to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain 
        injury, or other mental injuries.
            (5) The number of veterans currently in need of and 
        expected to be in need of prosthetic care and treatment because 
        of amputations incurred during service in support of Operation 
        Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or Operation Enduring 
        Freedom.
            (6) The current number of pending Department of Veterans 
        Affairs claims from veterans of military service in Iraq and 
        Afghanistan, and the total number of such veterans expected to 
        seek disability compensation from the Department of Veterans 
        Affairs.
            (7) The total number of members of the Armed Forces who 
        have been killed or wounded in Iraq or Afghanistan, including 
        noncombat casualties, the total number of members expected to 
        suffer injuries in Afghanistan, and the total number of members 
        expected to be killed in Afghanistan, including noncombat 
        casualties.
            (8) The amount of funds previously appropriated for the 
        Department of Defense, the Department of State, and the 
        Department of Veterans Affairs for costs related to Operation 
        Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation Enduring 
        Freedom, including an account of the amount of funding from 
        regular Department of Defense, Department of State, and 
        Department of Veterans Affairs budgets that has gone and will 
        go to costs associated with such operations.
            (9) Previous, current, and future operational expenditures 
        associated with Operation Enduring Freedom and, when 
        applicable, Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn, 
        including--
                    (A) funding for combat operations;
                    (B) deploying, transporting, feeding, and housing 
                members of the Armed Forces (including fuel costs);
                    (C) activation and deployment of members of the 
                reserve components of the Armed Forces;
                    (D) equipping and training of Iraqi and Afghani 
                forces;
                    (E) purchasing, upgrading, and repairing weapons, 
                munitions, and other equipment consumed or used in 
                Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or 
                Operation Enduring Freedom; and
                    (F) payments to other countries for logistical 
                assistance in support of such operations.
            (10) Past, current, and future costs of entering into 
        contracts with private military security firms and other 
        contractors for the provision of goods and services associated 
        with Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation 
        Enduring Freedom.
            (11) Average annual cost for each member of the Armed 
        Forces deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom, 
        including room and board, equipment and body armor, 
        transportation of troops and equipment (including fuel costs), 
        and operational costs.
            (12) Current and future cost of combat-related special pays 
        and benefits, including reenlistment bonuses.
            (13) Current and future cost of calling or ordering members 
        of the reserve components to active duty in support of 
        Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (14) Current and future cost for reconstruction, embassy 
        operations and construction, and foreign aid programs for Iraq 
        and Afghanistan.
            (15) Current and future cost of bases and other 
        infrastructure to support members of the Armed Forces serving 
        in Afghanistan.
            (16) Current and future cost of providing health care for 
        veterans who served in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, 
        Operation New Dawn, or Operation Enduring Freedom, including--
                    (A) the cost of mental health treatment for 
                veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder 
                and traumatic brain injury, and other mental problems 
                as a result of such service; and
                    (B) the cost of lifetime prosthetics care and 
                treatment for veterans suffering from amputations as a 
                result of such service.
            (17) Current and future cost of providing Department of 
        Veterans Affairs disability benefits for the lifetime of 
        veterans who incur disabilities while serving in support of 
        Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or Operation 
        Enduring Freedom.
            (18) Current and future cost of providing survivors' 
        benefits to survivors of members of the Armed Forces killed 
        while serving in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation 
        New Dawn, or Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (19) Cost of bringing members of the Armed Forces and 
        equipment back to the United States upon the conclusion of 
        Operation Enduring Freedom, including the cost of 
        demobilization, transportation costs (including fuel costs), 
        providing transition services for members of the Armed Forces 
        transitioning from active duty to veteran status, transporting 
        equipment, weapons, and munitions (including fuel costs), and 
        an estimate of the value of equipment that will be left behind.
            (20) Cost to restore the military and military equipment, 
        including the equipment of the reserve components, to full 
        strength after the conclusion of Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (21) Amount of money borrowed to pay for Operation Iraqi 
        Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation Enduring Freedom, 
        and the sources of that money.
            (22) Interest on money borrowed, including interest for 
        money already borrowed and anticipated interest payments on 
        future borrowing, for Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New 
        Dawn, and Operation Enduring Freedom.