Getting Results through Enhanced Accountability and Transparency Act of 2016

Summary: Getting Results through Enhanced Accountability and Transparency Act of 2016 (Sec. 3) This bill requires that the Government Accountability Office's (GAO's) annual report on its routine investigations to identify programs, agencies, offices, and initiatives with unnecessarily duplicative goals and activities aggregate separately estimates of related costs for instances of actual and potential unnecessary duplication and other potential cost savings and revenue collection. (Sec. 4) When executive agencies (with certain exceptions) conduct their systemic review of operations on a continuing basis, the purpose of their reviews must include: (1) improving agency performance toward their mission, (2) informing learning and decision-making processes, (3) assessing opportunities to improve coordination within the agency and with other agencies, and (4) identifying employees who cause their units to be outstanding toward achieving the agency's mission.  Chief operating officers' responsibilities are expanded to include: (1) improving evaluation and risk management; (2) addressing crosscutting program and management issues, including opportunities to improve coordination and address unnecessary duplication, using an enterprise risk management approach; (3) overseeing agency-specific efforts to improve management of mission-oriented components and units; and (4) coordinating with mission-related components, units, and support functions at their agency and the major components of their agency.  The Office of Management and Budget's (OMB's) federal government performance plan submitted with each budget must provide plans to address management challenges concerning unnecessary duplication. Agency performance plans for each program activity set forth in the budget must include planned actions and performance goals for resolving such challenges.  The OMB's federal government priority goals must include mission support for financial, human capital, information technology, procurement, and real estate management. The OMB must consider GAO recommendations when developing or adjusting such goals. Performance improvement officers must collaborate with the heads of agency components and mission support functions when they advise on strategic planning. Their advice must include performance evaluation and risk management.  The Performance Improvement Council's (PIC's) functions are expanded to include: (1) resolving government-wide issues relating to coordination and unnecessary duplication; (2) facilitating the exchange of performance improvement practices with state and local governments and other nonfederal stakeholders; and (3) coordinating with interagency mission support councils. PIC must also publish annual reports describing its structure, budgets, funding, staffing, and activities.  The chief operating officers of agencies must publish all of the plans and reports produced for Congress with citations to the relevant statutory requirements.  Agencies must submit to Congress statements regarding the actions they have taken in response to recommendations in the GAO's: (1) annual report on unnecessarily duplicative goals and activities; and (2) High Risk list of fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement. 

entitled ``Joint Resolution 
increasing the statutory limit on the public debt'' (Public Law 111-
139; 31 U.S.C. 712 note) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 21. IDENTIFICATION, CONSOLIDATION, AND ELIMINATION OF 
              UNNECESSARILY DUPLICATIVE GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
shall--
            ``(1) conduct routine investigations to identify programs, 
        agencies, offices, and initiatives with unnecessarily 
        duplicative goals and activities within departments and 
        agencies and Governmentwide; and
            ``(2) submit to Congress an annual report on the findings 
        of the investigations under paragraph (1).
    ``(b) Contents of Reports.--Reports submitted under subsection 
(a)(2) shall, to the extent possible--
            ``(1) include--
                    ``(A) information from available reports estimating 
                the cost of unnecessary duplication identified under 
                subsection (a)(1); and
                    ``(B) recommendations for consolidation, 
                coordination, and elimination to reduce unnecessary 
                duplication, which shall identify specific rescissions; 
                and
            ``(2) aggregate separately--
                    ``(A) estimates of related costs reported by the 
                Comptroller General for instances of actual and 
                potential unnecessary duplication; and
                    ``(B) estimates of other potential cost savings and 
                revenue collection reported by the Comptroller General 
                during the period covered by the report.''.

SEC. 4. IMPROVEMENTS TO ELIMINATION OF UNNECESSARY DUPLICATION.

    (a) Systematic Agency Review of Operations.--Section 305(c) of 
title 5, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, and ways in which 
        the agency might improve its performance toward its mission'' 
        before the semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
        (4) and (5), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) informing the processes of the agency for learning 
        and decisionmaking;
            ``(3) assessing potential opportunities to improve 
        coordination within the agency and with other agencies, and to 
        address actual and potential unnecessary duplication;''; and
            (4) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated, by inserting 
        ``and performance toward achieving the mission of the agency'' 
        before the period.
    (b) Chief Operating Officers.--Section 1123(b) of title 31, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``evaluation,'' after 
                ``measurement,''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``risk management,'' after 
                ``progress,'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) as 
        paragraphs (3), (4), and (5), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) address crosscutting program and management issues, 
        including opportunities to improve coordination and address 
        unnecessary duplication, within and external to the agency 
        using an enterprise risk management approach;'';
            (4) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by inserting ``of 
        mission-oriented components and units and mission support'' 
        after ``management''; and
            (5) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated--
                    (A) by striking ``such as the Chief'' and inserting 
                the following: ``such as--
                    ``(A) the heads of mission-related components and 
                units at the agency and the major components of the 
                agency; and
                    ``(B) the Chief''.
                    (B) by striking ``other line of business'' and all 
                that follows and inserting ``heads of mission support 
                functions at the agency and at the major components of 
                the agency.''.
    (c) Federal Government and Agency Performance Plans.--Section 1115 
of title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(6), by inserting ``, including actual 
        or potential unnecessary duplication,'' after ``crosscutting in 
        nature'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(9), in the matter preceding 
        subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, including actual or 
        potential unnecessary duplication,'' after ``agency faces''; 
        and
            (3) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (12) as 
                paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) `enterprise risk management' means the processes that 
        are used to address the full spectrum of risks across multiple 
        programs and organizations that are located within a larger 
        entity or initiative, placing the risks into an integrated and 
        interrelated portfolio, and prioritizing their mitigation;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (12), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (D) in paragraph (13), as so redesignated, by 
                striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(14) `risk' means the possibility of--
                    ``(A) an adverse event or phenomenon occurring; or
                    ``(B) a beneficial opportunity remaining 
                unexploited; and
            ``(15) `risk management' means the processes that are used 
        to identify, assess, prioritize, monitor, mitigate, and report 
        on risks to achieving the missions, goals, and objectives of a 
        department, agency, or program, or group thereof, using 
        resources and processes appropriate to the nature of the risks 
        and resources available.''.
    (d) Federal Government and Agency Priority Goals.--Section 1120 of 
title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                        inserting ``and mission support'' after 
                        ``management''; and
                            (ii) in clause (v), by striking the 
                        semicolon and inserting a period; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
                        through (G) as clauses (i) through (vii) and 
                        adjusting the margin accordingly;
                            (ii) by striking ``shall consult'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``shall--
                    ``(A) consider recommendations of the Government 
                Accountability Office in--
                            ``(i) the annual report submitted under 
                        section 21 of the Joint Resolution entitled 
                        `Joint Resolution increasing the statutory 
                        limit on the public debt' (Public Law 111-139; 
                        31 U.S.C. 712 note); or
                            ``(ii) the High Risk list; and
                    ``(B) consult''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B)(vii), as so 
                        redesignated, by striking the semicolon and 
                        inserting a period; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(1)(A), by inserting ``biennial'' 
        before ``consultations''.
    (e) Performance Improvement Officers and the Performance 
Improvement Council.--Section 1124 of title 31, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)(A)--
                    (A) by inserting ``, in collaboration with heads of 
                agency components and mission support functions,'' 
                after ``Officer'';
                    (B) by inserting ``evaluation,'' after 
                ``measurement,''; and
                    (C) by inserting ``risk management,'' after 
                ``progress,''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``including 
                issues relating to coordination and unnecessary 
                duplication,'' after ``issues,'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ``and with 
                non-Federal stakeholders, including States and local 
                governments,'' after ``exchange among agencies'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (F), by inserting ``and mission 
                support'' after ``management'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (I), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (E) in subparagraph (J), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (F) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(K) establish a public website; and
                    ``(L) place annually and archive on the website a 
                detailed annual report describing the Performance 
                Improvement Council's--
                            ``(i) structure (including any committees 
                        or task forces);
                            ``(ii) budget and relevant sources of 
                        funds;
                            ``(iii) staffing, on a full-time equivalent 
                        basis (including an accounting of details from 
                        agencies); and
                            ``(iv) past, current, and planned 
                        activities.''.
    (f) Elimination of Unnecessary Agency Reporting.--Section 
1125(a)(1) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``reports;'' and inserting the following: ``reports, and place the list 
on a public website, which shall include, for each plan or report--
                    ``(A) a citation to the relevant statutory 
                requirement or direction in a congressional report; and
                    ``(B) an indication of whether and how the agency 
                is complying with the requirement to produce the plan 
                or report, including a citation to the means through 
                which the agency submits the plan or report;''.
    (g) Agency Reports.--Section 720(b) of title 31, United States 
Code, is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
``, including the annual report on unnecessarily duplicative goals and 
activities within departments and governmentwide required under section 
21 of the joint resolution entitled `A joint resolution increasing the 
statutory limit on the public debt' (Public Law 111-139; 31 U.S.C. 712 
note) and the High Risk list of the Government Accountability Office,'' 
after ``makes a report''.