Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act

Summary: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act This bill amends the federal criminal code to require any health care practitioner who is present when a child is born alive following an abortion or attempted abortion to: (1) exercise the same degree of care as reasonably provided to any other child born alive at the same gestational age, and (2) ensure that such child is immediately admitted to a hospital. The term &quot;born alive&quot; means the complete expulsion or extraction from his or her mother, at any stage of development, who after such expulsion or extraction breathes or has a beating heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntary muscles, regardless of whether the umbilical cord has been cut. Also, a health care practitioner or other employee who has knowledge of a failure to comply with these requirements must immediately report such failure to an appropriate law enforcement agency.  An individual who violates the provisions of this Act is subject to a criminal fine, up to five years in prison, or both.  An individual who commits an overt act that kills a child born alive is subject to criminal prosecution for murder. The legislation bars the criminal prosecution of a mother of a child born alive for conspiracy to violate the provisions of this Act, for being an accessory after the fact, or for concealment of felony.  A woman who undergoes an abortion or attempted abortion may file a civil action for damages against an individual who violates this Act.  

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Born-Alive Abortion Survivors 
Protection Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds as follows:
            (1) If an abortion results in the live birth of an infant, 
        the infant is a legal person for all purposes under the laws of 
        the United States, and entitled to all the protections of such 
        laws.
            (2) Any infant born alive after an abortion or within a 
        hospital, clinic, or other facility has the same claim to the 
        protection of the law that would arise for any newborn, or for 
        any person who comes to a hospital, clinic, or other facility 
        for screening and treatment or otherwise becomes a patient 
        within its care.

SEC. 3. BORN-ALIVE INFANTS PROTECTION.

    (a) Requirements Pertaining to Born-Alive Abortion Survivors.--
Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
after section 1531 the following:
``Sec. 1532. Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors
    ``(a) Requirements for Health Care Practitioners.--In the case of 
an abortion or attempted abortion that results in a child born alive 
(as defined in section 8 of title 1, United States Code (commonly known 
as the `Born-Alive Infants Protection Act')):
            ``(1) Degree of care required; immediate admission to a 
        hospital.--Any health care practitioner present at the time the 
        child is born alive shall--
                    ``(A) exercise the same degree of professional 
                skill, care, and diligence to preserve the life and 
                health of the child as a reasonably diligent and 
                conscientious health care practitioner would render to 
                any other child born alive at the same gestational age; 
                and
                    ``(B) following the exercise of skill, care, and 
                diligence required under subparagraph (A), ensure that 
                the child born alive is immediately transported and 
                admitted to a hospital.
            ``(2) Mandatory reporting of violations.--A health care 
        practitioner or any employee of a hospital, a physician's 
        office, or an abortion clinic who has knowledge of a failure to 
        comply with the requirements of paragraph (1) shall immediately 
        report the failure to an appropriate State or Federal law 
        enforcement agency, or to both.
    ``(b) Penalties.--
            ``(1) In general.--Whoever violates subsection (a) shall be 
        fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, 
        or both.
            ``(2) Intentional killing of child born alive.--Whoever 
        intentionally performs or attempts to perform an overt act that 
        kills a child born alive described under subsection (a), shall 
        be punished as under section 1111 of this title for 
        intentionally killing or attempting to kill a human being.
    ``(c) Bar to Prosecution.--The mother of a child born alive 
described under subsection (a) may not be prosecuted under this 
section, for conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense 
under section 3 or 4 of this title based on such a violation.
    ``(d) Civil Remedies.--
            ``(1) Civil action by a woman on whom an abortion is 
        performed.--If a child is born alive and there is a violation 
        of subsection (a), the woman upon whom the abortion was 
        performed or attempted may, in a civil action against any 
        person who committed the violation, obtain appropriate relief.
            ``(2) Appropriate relief.--Appropriate relief in a civil 
        action under this subsection includes--
                    ``(A) objectively verifiable money damage for all 
                injuries, psychological and physical, occasioned by the 
                violation of subsection (a);
                    ``(B) statutory damages equal to 3 times the cost 
                of the abortion or attempted abortion; and
                    ``(C) punitive damages.
            ``(3) Attorney's fee for plaintiff.--The court shall award 
        a reasonable attorney's fee to a prevailing plaintiff in a 
        civil action under this subsection.
            ``(4) Attorney's fee for defendant.--If a defendant in a 
        civil action under this subsection prevails and the court finds 
        that the plaintiff's suit was frivolous, the court shall award 
        a reasonable attorney's fee in favor of the defendant against 
        the plaintiff.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this section the following definitions 
apply:
            ``(1) Abortion.--The term `abortion' means the use or 
        prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other 
        substance or device--
                    ``(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a 
                woman known to be pregnant; or
                    ``(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a 
                woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other 
                than--
                            ``(i) after viability, to produce a live 
                        birth and preserve the life and health of the 
                        child born alive; or
                            ``(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.
            ``(2) Attempt.--The term `attempt', with respect to an 
        abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the 
        actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a 
        course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an 
        abortion.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 74 of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
pertaining to section 1531 the following:

``1532. Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors.''.