To provide that Cambodia's debt to the United States may not be reduced or forgiven, and textile and apparel articles that are the product of Cambodia and imported into the United States may not be extended duty free treatment.

Summary: Cambodian Trade Act of 2010 - Declares it is U.S. policy to: (1) support and encourage countries that comply with international agreements, respect human rights and the protection of refugee populations, and value and protect minority populations seeking asylum and protection from oppressive governments and regimes; and (2) assist refugees and minority populations seeking asylum and protection from oppressive governments and regimes.

Prohibits the United States from reducing or forgiving a debt owed by Cambodia to the United States.

Prohibits the extension of duty-free treatment to Cambodian textile or apparel articles imported into the United States.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Cambodian Trade Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States Department of State has recognized 
        and documented repeated human rights abuses of the Uighur 
        people by the Government of the People's Republic of China.
            (2) The United States Commission on International Religious 
        Freedom has recognized and documented the repeated human rights 
        abuses of the Uighur people by the Government of the People's 
        Republic of China.
            (3) The House of Representatives has and continues to 
        recognize that the authorities in the People's Republic of 
        China have manipulated the strategic objectives of the 
        international ``war on terror'' to increase their cultural and 
        religious oppression of the Uighur people.
            (4) In early July 2009, ethnic unrest developed in the 
        Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China, resulting in the 
        unfortunate death of both Han Chinese and Uighurs.
            (5) In the aftermath of this unrest, authorities in the 
        People's Republic of China allegedly detained hundreds of 
        Uighurs and, according to Human Rights Watch, 43 Uighur men 
        have disappeared.
            (6) Following the ethnic unrest, the People's Republic of 
        China arrested a number of Uighurs and Han Chinese and charged 
        21 individuals with murder, arson, robbery, and property 
        damage.
            (7) Human Rights Watch found the trials of the 21 
        individuals did not meet minimum international standards of due 
        process and fair trials. Despite this, the Government of the 
        People's Republic of China handed down death sentences, and 9 
        of the individuals were executed in November 2009.
            (8) In late November and early December 2009, 22 Uighurs, 
        including 3 children, fled China to Cambodia to seek refugee 
        status. There the Uighurs worked with the United Nations High 
        Commissioner on Refugees (UNHCR) and the Cambodian Government 
        to follow international refugee law and convention.
            (9) The Government of Cambodia made assurances to UNHCR 
        that the 22 Uighurs could follow UNHCR procedures so refugee 
        status could be determined before repatriation to China.
            (10) Despite assurances and agreements with UNHCR, the 
        Government of Cambodia sent the 20 Uighur refugees back to 
        China before a refugee determination could be made. Two of the 
        refugees were able to escape Cambodian custody before 
        deportation.
            (11) Before their deportation, the Uighur refugees told 
        UNHCR that they had fears of imprisonment, torture, and death 
        in China.
            (12) Since arriving in China, media reports suggest that 
        the 20 Uighurs may have been put on trial. No further 
        information about the Uighurs, including the children, has been 
        made available.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to--
            (1) support and encourage countries that comply with 
        international conventions, agreements, and understandings;
            (2) support and encourage countries that respect human 
        rights and the protection of refugee populations;
            (3) assist refugees and minority populations seeking asylum 
        and protection from oppressive governments and regimes; and
            (4) support and encourage countries that value and protect 
        minority populations seeking asylum and protection from 
        oppressive governments and regimes.

SEC. 4. LOAN FORGIVENESS.

    Notwithstanding part V of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(relating to debt reduction for developing countries with tropical 
forests; 22 U.S.C. 2431 et seq.) or any other provision of law 
providing for the reduction or forgiveness of the debt of a foreign 
country, the United States may not reduce or forgive any debt owed by 
Cambodia to the United States.

SEC. 5. TREATMENT OF TEXTILE AND APPAREL ARTICLES OF CAMBODIA.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding title V of the Trade Act of 1974 
(19 U.S.C. 2461 et seq.) or any other provision of law providing duty 
free treatment, no textile or apparel article that is the product of 
Cambodia may be extended duty-free treatment when entered into the 
customs territory of the United States.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section, the term ``textile or apparel 
article'' means--
            (1) any apparel article classified under any chapter of 
        section XII of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
        States;
            (2) any textiles classified under any such chapter from 
        which apparel articles can be produced; and
            (3) any footwear article classified under chapter 64 of 
        such Schedule.

SEC. 6. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act takes effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.