To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide fairness in tax collection procedures.

Summary: Fairness in Tax Collections Act of 2002 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to permit the IRS to enter into installment agreements with taxpayers that do not provide for full payment of liabilities. Requires the IRS to review partial payment installment agreements at least every two years.Extends from nine months to two years the period in which proceeds errantly acquired by the IRS may be returned.Authorizes a taxpayer to deposit money in an IRA without regard to the normally applicable limits on IRA contributions and rollovers if the IRS has sent back the money being deposited due to a wrongful levy and it originally came from an IRA. Requires the contribution to be to the same type of IRA from which the amounts were withdrawn. Stipulates that in such a scenario any tax on the withdrawal from the IRA is abated. Considers interest paid by the IRS to the taxpayer part of the original payment and is not counted as gross income.Modifies the suspension date of the statute of limitations for taxpayers suffering significant hardship by applying it only if the date of the decision by the National Taxpayer Advocate is at least seven days after the date of the taxpayer's application.Directs the Secretary to study IRS practices concerning liens and levies.Increases the allocations for low-income taxpayer clinics, from the current $6 million annually, to $15 million annually by 2003.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; ETC.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Fairness in Tax 
Collections Act of 2002''.
    (b) Amendment of 1986 Code.--Except as otherwise expressly 
provided, whenever in this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in 
terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, 
the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or other 
provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
    (c) Table of Contents.--

Sec. 1. Short title; etc.
Sec. 2. Partial payment of tax liability in installment agreements.
Sec. 3. Extension of time for return of property.
Sec. 4. Individuals held harmless on wrongful levy, etc. on individual 
                            retirement plan.
Sec. 5. Seven-day threshold on tolling of statute of limitations during 
                            tax review.
Sec. 6. Study of liens and levies.
Sec. 7. Low-income taxpayer clinics.

SEC. 2. PARTIAL PAYMENT OF TAX LIABILITY IN INSTALLMENT AGREEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Section 6159(a) (relating to authorization of 
        agreements) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``satisfy liability for payment 
                of'' and inserting ``make payment on'', and
                    (B) by inserting ``full or partial'' after 
                ``facilitate''.
            (2) Section 6159(c) (relating to Secretary required to 
        enter into installment agreements in certain cases) is amended 
        in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by inserting ``full'' 
        before ``payment''.
    (b) Requirement To Review Partial Payment Agreements Every Two 
Years.--Section 6159 is amended by redesignating subsections (d) and 
(e) as subsections (e) and (f), respectively, and inserting after 
subsection (c) the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Secretary Required To Review Installment Agreements for 
Partial Collection Every Two Years.--In the case of an agreement 
entered into by the Secretary under subsection (a) for partial 
collection of a tax liability, the Secretary shall review the agreement 
at least once every 2 years.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to agreements entered into on or after the date of the enactment 
of this Act.

SEC. 3. EXTENSION OF TIME FOR RETURN OF PROPERTY.

    (a) Extension of Time for Return of Property Subject to Levy.--
Subsection (b) of section 6343 (relating to return of property) is 
amended by striking ``9 months'' and inserting ``2 years''.
    (b) Period of Limitation on Suits.--Subsection (c) of section 6532 
(relating to suits by persons other than taxpayers) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``9 months'' and inserting 
        ``2 years'', and
            (2) in paragraph (2) by striking ``9-month'' and inserting 
        ``2-year''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to--
            (1) levies made after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, and
            (2) levies made on or before such date if the 9-month 
        period has not expired under section 6343(b) of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986 (without regard to this section) as of 
        such date.

SEC. 4. INDIVIDUALS HELD HARMLESS ON WRONGFUL LEVY, ETC., ON INDIVIDUAL 
              RETIREMENT PLAN.

    (a) In General.--Section 6343 (relating to authority to release 
levy and return property) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new subsection:
    ``(f) Individuals Held Harmless on Wrongful Levy, etc., on 
Individual Retirement Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--If the Secretary determines that an 
        individual retirement plan has been levied upon in a case to 
        which subsection (b) or (d)(2)(A) applies, an amount equal to 
        the sum of--
                    ``(A) the amount of money returned by the Secretary 
                on account of such levy, and
                    ``(B) interest paid under subsection (c) on such 
                amount of money,
        may be deposited into an individual retirement plan (other than 
        an endowment contract) to which a rollover from the plan levied 
        upon is permitted.
            ``(2) Treatment as rollover.--The distribution on account 
        of the levy and any deposit under paragraph (1) with respect to 
        such distribution shall be treated for purposes of this title 
        as if such distribution and deposit were part of a rollover 
        described in section 408(d)(3)(A)(i); except that--
                    ``(A) interest paid under subsection (c) shall be 
                treated as part of such distribution and as not 
                includible in gross income,
                    ``(B) the 60-day requirement in such section shall 
                be treated as met if the deposit is made not later than 
                the 60th day after the day on which the individual 
                receives an amount under paragraph (1) from the 
                Secretary, and
                    ``(C) such deposit shall not be taken into account 
                under section 408(d)(3)(B).
            ``(3) Refund, etc., of income tax on levy.--If any amount 
        is includible in gross income for a taxable year by reason of a 
        levy referred to in paragraph (1) and any portion of such 
        amount is treated as a rollover under paragraph (2), any tax 
        imposed by chapter 1 on such portion shall not be assessed, and 
        if assessed shall be abated, and if collected shall be credited 
        or refunded as an overpayment made on the due date for filing 
        the return of tax for such taxable year.
            ``(4) Interest.--Notwithstanding subsection (d), interest 
        shall be allowed under subsection (c) in a case in which the 
        Secretary makes a determination described in subsection 
        (d)(2)(A) with respect to a levy upon an individual retirement 
        plan.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply 
to amounts paid under subsections (b), (c), and (d)(2)(A) of section 
6343 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 after December 31, 2002.

SEC. 5. SEVEN-DAY THRESHOLD ON TOLLING OF STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS DURING 
              TAX REVIEW.

    (a) In General.--Section 7811(d)(1) (relating to suspension of 
running of period of limitation) is amended by inserting after 
``application,'' the following: ``but only if the date of such decision 
is at least 7 days after the date of the taxpayer's application''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply 
to applications filed after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 6. STUDY OF LIENS AND LEVIES.

    The Secretary of the Treasury, or the Secretary's delegate, shall 
conduct a study of the practices of the Internal Revenue Service 
concerning liens and levies. The study shall examine--
            (1) the declining use of liens and levies by the Internal 
        Revenue Service, and
            (2) the practicality of recording liens and levying against 
        property in cases in which the cost of such actions exceeds the 
        amount to be realized from such property.
Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall submit such study to the Committee on Ways and Means of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the 
Senate.

SEC. 7. LOW-INCOME TAXPAYER CLINICS.

    (a) Limitation on Amount of Grants.--Paragraph (1) of section 
7526(c) (relating to special rules and limitations) is amended by 
striking ``$6,000,000 per year'' and inserting ``$9,000,000 for 2002, 
$12,000,000 for 2003, and $15,000,000 for each year thereafter''.
    (b) Limitation on Use of Clinics for Tax Return Preparation.--
Subparagraph (A) of section 7526(b)(1) is amended by adding at the end 
the following flush language:
                ``The term does not include a clinic that provides 
                routine tax return preparation. The preceding sentence 
                shall not apply to return preparation in connection 
                with a controversy with the Internal Revenue 
                Service.''.
    (c) Promotion of Clinics.--Section 7526(c) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Promotion of clinics.--The Secretary is authorized to 
        promote the benefits of and encourage the use of low-income 
        taxpayer clinics through the use of mass communications, 
        referrals, and other means.''.