DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: What rules does the method rely on?
Evidence: Nowadays, a large amount of information is produced and shared in unstructured form, mostly unstructured text BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 . This information can be exploited in decision making processes but, to be useful, it should be transformed and presented in ways that make its intrinsic knowledge more readily intelligible. For that, we need efficient methods and tools that quickly extract useful information from unstructured text collections. Such demand can be observed, for instance, in Biology, where researchers, in order to be abreast of all developments, need to analyse new biomedical literature on a daily basis BIBREF2 . Another application is on fraud and corruption studies where the network information — the set of actors and their relationships — is implicitly stored in unstructured natural-language documents BIBREF3 . Hence, text mining and information extraction are required to pre-process the texts in order to extract the entities and the relations between them.
Information extraction is a challenging task mainly due to the ambiguous features of natural-language. Moreover, most tools need to be adapted to different human languages and to different domains BIBREF4 . In fact, the language of the processed texts is still the decisive factor when choosing among existing information extraction technologies. This is also true for the task of entity extraction (Named Entity Recognition - NER).
For several reasons, text mining tools are typically first developed for English and only afterwards extended to other languages. Thus, there are still relatively few text mining tools for Portuguese and even less that are freely accessible. In particular, for the named entities recognition task in Portuguese texts, we find three extractors available: Alchemy, Zemanta and Rembrandt BIBREF5 . We also find some studies where the measures ( INLINEFORM0 , INLINEFORM1 and INLINEFORM2 ) for those extractors are computed and compared BIBREF6 , but their comparative effectiveness remains domain and final purpose dependent.
In this work, we present PAMPO (PAttern Matching and POs tagging based algorithm for NER), a new method to automatically extract named entities from unstructured texts, applicable to the Portuguese language but potentially adaptable to other languages as well. The method relies on flexible pattern matching, part-of-speech tagging and lexical-based rules. All steps are implemented using free software and taking advantage of various existing packages.
The process has been developed using as case-study a specific book written in Portuguese, but it has since been used in other applications and successfully tested in different text collections. In this paper, we describe the evaluation procedures on independent textual collections, and produce a comparative study of PAMPO with other existing tools for NER.
The method relies on flexible pattern matching, part-of-speech tagging and lexical-based rules. All steps are implemented using free software and taking advantage of various existing packages.
Answer: Flexible pattern matching, part-of-speech tagging and lexical-based rules.
Question: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Justman?
Answer: Benedict I Justman, known also as Benedict Rivers, Benedict the Bold, and Benedict the Just
Question: Running a business is tough and there will always be problems in the market.  Make the case to a skeptical colleague as to why private sector managers should devote attention and energy to being a steward of the institutions of capitalism. Please include citations for Jonathan Haidt.
Answer: To steward means to take care of, to guide, and it implies a sense of responsibility. I agree with 
the notion that, in addition to stories about capitalism prevailing as either an extractor or savior, a third story can be written of “prosperity with problems” in which participants are grateful for 
accomplishments yet pursuing improvements (Haidt, J.) Putting that together, then, who is responsible for writing this story? I believe that answer to be business leaders themselves -- or else be beholden to government regulation to steward the institution in the direction that benefits not just owners and shareholders, but all stakeholders including employees and the environment.

But why should business leaders steward the market? Private managers hold a moral obligation to 
those relying on capitalism for work and health insurance to create sustainable jobs. As individuals count on business leaders to respond to our world’s most prevalent issues, business leaders also hold a social obligation to do so with care. This response also assigns the appropriate accountability to 
whomever is responsible for perpetuating a system – if business leaders want to reap the rewards of 
profit, they must assume responsibility for the very conditions which benefit them.

As alluded to above, private interests sometimes conflict horribly with what society and individuals need, so government regulators must be 
stewards alongside business leaders. Additionally, business leaders can take a step away from their day-to-day and learn from those who have dedicated their lives to research.
Question: How do I make great espresso?
Answer: Making great espresso requires a few elements. Firstly, you need to start with freshly roasted, high quality coffee that's ground and brewed immediately thereafter. You need a burr grinder that's able to consistently grind coffee finely, with minimal heat and retention. Finally, you'll need to brew your coffee in an espresso machine, ideally one that has good temperature stability, uniform dispersion of water and the ability to extract at 9 bar of pressure.
Question: What text classification task is considered?
Evidence: We trained word embeddings and a uni-directional GRU connected to a dense layer end-to-end for text classification on a set of scraped tweets using cross-entropy as the loss function. End-to-end training was selected to impose as few heuristic constraints on the system as possible. Each tweet was tokenized using NLTK TweetTokenizer and classified as one of 10 potential accounts from which it may have originated. The accounts were chosen based on the distinct topics each is known to typically tweet about. Tokens that occurred fewer than 5 times were disregarded in the model. The model was trained on 22106 tweets over 10 epochs, while 5526 were reserved for validation and testing sets (2763 each). The network demonstrated an insensitivity to the initialization of the hidden state, so, for algebraic considerations, INLINEFORM0 was chosen for hidden dimension of INLINEFORM1 . A graph of the network is shown in Fig.( FIGREF13 ).
Each tweet was tokenized using NLTK TweetTokenizer and classified as one of 10 potential accounts from which it may have originated. The accounts were chosen based on the distinct topics each is known to typically tweet about.
Answer: To classify a text as belonging to one of the ten possible classes.
Question: Write a recipe for making garlic mashed potatoes which goes through step by step.
Answer: 1) Wash and peel the potatoes
2) Chop the potatoes into inch size pieces
3) Fill a pot with enough water to cover the potatoes
4) Bring the water to boil
5) Boil until potatoes are soft and fall apart when pressed with a fork
6) Drain potatoes
7) Add cream, butter and crushed garlic to the potatoes
8) Mash the potatoes until creamy, adding cream to reach desired textured
Question: What factors are identified as contributing to growth and development in early childhood?
Answer: Many factors are identified as contributing to growth and development in early childhood, such as nutrition, parents’ behaviors, parenting, social and cultural practices, and environment.  Nutrition is important for young children because a child's body needs the right amount of nutrients to build and repair itself. A balanced diet is rich in vitamins, minerals, protein, carbohydrates, and facts to support young children's brain and body development. Child abuse and neglect have long-term consequences. It can negatively affect a child's brain and cause psychological problems. Exposure to violence can harm a child's emotional, psychological, and even physical development. As a child care provider, I want to share this knowledge with parents through different means such as newsletters, posters, and flyers, and by sharing with them some of the recognized online resources.
Question: How was the Iraqi embassy in Beirut destroyed?
Evidence: 1981 Iraqi embassy bombing in Beirut

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Iraqi embassy bombing in Beirut
Part of Lebanese Civil War and spillover of the Iran–Iraq War
Location	Beirut, Lebanon
Coordinates	33°52′31″N 35°29′03″ECoordinates: 33°52′31″N 35°29′03″E
Date	December 15, 1981; 41 years ago
Attack type	Suicide car bomb
Deaths	61
Injured	100+
Perpetrator	Al-Dawa
vte
Lebanese Civil War
vte
Iran–Iraq War
On December 15, 1981, the Iraqi Shi'a Islamist group al-Dawa carried out a suicide car bombing targeting the Iraqi embassy in Beirut, Lebanon. The explosion leveled the embassy and killed 61 people, including Iraq's ambassador to Lebanon, and injured at least 100 others.

The attack is considered by some to be the second modern suicide bombing, preceded by the 1927 Bath School bombings and presaged the 1983 United States embassy bombing and the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings.

Background
Emboldened by the success of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, the anti-Baathist Shi'a Islamist group al-Dawa, with financial and military assistance from the Islamic Republic of Iran, began to employ violence in its struggle against the Iraqi government. In 1979 and 1980, al-Dawa assassinated a number of "senior but low-profile" Baathist officials in Iraq. In response to a failed assassination attempt on Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Aziz in April 1980 by al-Dawa, the Iraqi government launched a severe crackdown on the group, which included the execution of al-Dawa spiritual leader Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr.

The remaining al-Dawa leadership fled to Iran and the group became an "effective proxy" for the Iranian government against Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War, which broke out in September 1980.

Bombing
On December 15, 1981, a car filled with approximately 100 kilograms of explosives was driven into Iraq's embassy building in Beirut by a suicide bomber. The ensuing explosion devastated the embassy, killed 61 people, including the Iraq ambassador, Abdul Razzak Lafta, and injured more than 100 others. Balqis al-Rawi, the Iraqi wife of Syrian poet Nizar Qabbani, who worked for the embassy's cultural section, was also killed in the attack.

Impact
The attack, which presaged the 1983 United States embassy bombing and the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing, is considered by some to be the first modern suicide bombing, though others nominate earlier attacks.
Answer: On December 15, 1981, a car filled with approximately 100 kilograms of explosives was driven into Iraq's embassy building in Beirut by a suicide bomber. The ensuing explosion devastated the embassy, killed 61 people, including the Iraq ambassador, Abdul Razzak Lafta, and injured more than 100 others.
Question: What was the "X.Y.Z. fever"?
Evidence: The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the presidency of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to the Quasi-War. The name derives from the substitution of the letters X, Y, and Z for the names of French diplomats Jean-Conrad Hottinguer (X), Pierre Bellamy (Y), and Lucien Hauteval (Z) in documents released by the Adams administration.
Answer: The "X.Y.Z. fevor" is a reference to a diplomatic incident that occurred during the administration of the second President of the United Status, John Adams.   Adams sent a diplomatic delegation to France to negotiate a resolution of issues that were threatening to lead to war.  The French foreign minister, Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (Talleyrand) demanded a bribe and a loan to begin the negotiations.   President Adams refused Tallyrand's request and reported the solicitation to Congress.  The Senate printed President Adam's report which referred to the three French diplomats involved, Jean-Conrad Hottinguer, Pierre Bellamy, and Lucien Hauteval as "X,Y, and Z" respectively.   
The populace supported Adams decision to refuse Tallyrand's bribe request.  Vice-President Thomas Jefferson referred to the outpouring of support for Adam's political party that followed  as "X.Y.Z. fevor".
Question: Who is Daniel Ricciardo?
Answer: Daniel Joseph Ricciardo is an Italian-Australian racing driver who last raced in Formula One driving for McLaren, under the Australian flag. He is currently the third driver for Redbull F1 team. He is considered to be one of the best overtakers in F1 history.
Question: What is Biryani?
Evidence: Biryani is a mixed rice dish originating among the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. It is made with Indian spices, rice, and usually some type of meat (chicken, beef, goat, lamb, prawn, and fish), or in some cases without any meat, and sometimes, in addition, eggs and potatoes.

Biryani is one of the most popular dishes in South Asia, as well as among the diaspora from the region. Similar dishes are also prepared in other parts of the world such as in Iraq, Myanmar, Thailand, and Malaysia. Biryani is the single most-ordered dish on Indian online food ordering and delivery services and has been labeled as the most popular dish overall in India.
Answer: The term biryani comes from the Farsi phrase birinj biriyan, “fried rice.” Rice is fried separately until about half-cooked, usually in oil or ghee, and then placed in a pot along with marinated meat or vegetables and spices. Biryani was first recorded in India in the Deccan region of the south, suggesting that it was brought there by merchants via a sea route. Biryani has since spread to all parts of the Indian subcontinent, with numerous local and regional variations. Varieties of biryani are also found in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, and Oman.
Question: From the passage identify the domains in which Hermes is considered a God. Display the results in a comma separated format.
Evidence: Hermes (Ἑρμῆς, Hērmês)

God of boundaries, travel, trade, communication, language, writing, cunning and thieves. Hermes was also responsible for protecting livestock and presided over the spheres associated with fertility, music, luck, and deception. The son of Zeus and Maia, Hermes is the messenger of the gods, and a psychopomp who leads the souls of the dead into the afterlife. He was depicted either as a handsome and athletic beardless youth, or as an older bearded man. His attributes include the herald's wand or caduceus, winged sandals, and a traveler's cap. His sacred animals include the tortoise. His Roman counterpart is Mercury.
Answer: boundaries, travel, trade, communication, language, writing, cunning,thieves
Question: As a Manager, how can I use Clifford's Strengthsfinder?
Answer: Strengthsfinder is a tool that has been used by 30 million people worldwide.  It's an assessment that measures one's strengths across 34 potential strengths. There is no strength better than the other. It's more a matter how much you actually leverage the strength that you have. 

As a manager, here is how you can use it: 
- Use it in 1:1s with your team members: For career development, or provide stretch assignments to focus on 1-2 strengths
- Develop a team aggregate: Where are we strong as a team? What strengths are missing? Who is strong in a particular area and can be the expert? 
- Use it for team building: During a team meeting have team members present their top 5 strengths. People will get to know each other under a different light. 
- Integrate new team members 
- Develop new managers: How can they use their strengths? How can the strengths hold them back?
Question: Is double checked locking safe?
Evidence: In software engineering, double-checked locking (also known as "double-checked locking optimization") is a software design pattern used to reduce the overhead of acquiring a lock by testing the locking criterion (the "lock hint") before acquiring the lock. Locking occurs only if the locking criterion check indicates that locking is required.

The pattern, when implemented in some language/hardware combinations, can be unsafe. At times, it can be considered an anti-pattern.

It is typically used to reduce locking overhead when implementing "lazy initialization" in a multi-threaded environment, especially as part of the Singleton pattern. Lazy initialization avoids initializing a value until the first time it is accessed.
Answer: Double checked locking can be unsafe in some situations and is sometimes considered an anti-pattern. However, it can be implemented in a safe way.
Question: What are some good places to go on a surf trip?
Answer: Some favorite spots for a surf trip include:
-Hawaii
-Southern California
-Baja California
-Bali, Indonesia,
-Tamarindo, Costa Rica
-Sydney, Australia
Question: Do the baseline features outperform the pre-trained features for sarcasm detection?
Evidence: Our experimental results show that the baseline features outperform the pre-trained features for sarcasm detection. However, the combination of pre-trained features and baseline features beats both of themselves alone. It is counterintuitive, since experimental results prove that both of those features learn almost the same global and contextual features. In particular, baseline network dominates over pre-trained network as the former learns most of the features learned by the latter. Nonetheless, the combination of baseline and pre-trained classifiers improves the overall performance and generalizability, hence proving their effectiveness in sarcasm detection. Experimental results show that sentiment and emotion features are the most useful features, besides baseline features (Figure FIGREF36 ). Therefore, in order to reach a better understanding of the relation between personality features among themselves and with other pre-trained features, we carried out Spearman correlation testing. Results, displayed in Table TABREF39 , show that those features are highly correlated with each other.
Our experimental results show that the baseline features outperform the pre-trained features for sarcasm detection.
Answer: Yes.
Question: Is a vitamin d supplement good for you?
Answer: When taken on a regular basis Vitamin D helps support immune health and cellular activity.  It has also been show to support cardiovascular function is some people and can reduce your risk for multiple sclerosis.  You can also get Vitamin D by spending plenty of time in sun.  You can absorb Vitamin D from a healthy dose of sunshine through your skin too.
Question: What are the advantages of a progressive consumption tax?
Answer: A progressive consumption tax would be a good substitute for a progressive income tax because it would produce greater economic efficiencies by promoting investment and savings while eliminating the income tax's disincentivizing of work. Unlike a sales tax imposed at the point of sale, a consumption tax could be structured to be progressive rather than regressive, by using a year end tax return to calculate 'net consumption' during a given tax year, with the return summing all sales of qualified investments and then subtracting all purchases of new qualified investments. The tax return then apply a progressive tax rate to the total net investment. Much of the complexity of the current tax code would be eliminated. There would no longer be a need for complex calculations relating to capital gains, based on the concept of 'tax basis' and other arcane notions. Complexities relating to tax beneficial retirement-related savings accounts would also become unnecessary. Investors would no longer be penalized for efficiency-driven portfolio rebalancing. Billionaires would not be taxed significantly if they live frugally, but they could be taxed at very high rates for substantial consumption. A billionaire who buys large yachts, multiple mega-mansions, etc. would pay high taxes. A billionaire who lives modestly would not. But the latter billionaire is keeping her money invested in the economy, providing resources that will further economic growth. Opponents of a consumption tax cite the fact that most consumption taxes are thought to be regressive. However, as perviously mentioned, the consumption tax could be structured to be progressive, and in fact could be structured to be even more progressive than the current income tax. The progressive rates could be based on wealth rather than the amount of annual consumption or income. It would even be possible to tax consumption at over 100% in the case of billionaires. For example, if someone had a net worth of over $10 billion, we could tax that person's consumption at 150%. Regressiveness concerns can also be addressed by exempting a large portion of consumption. Annual consumption under a certain level, say $30,000 per year, could be tax free, or taxed at a low sales-tax-like rate of, say, 5%. Most economists agree that a consumption tax would promote economic growth.
Question: Classify each of the following colors as primary or secondary: orange, red, blue, green, purple, yellow.
Answer: Red, yellow and blue are primary colors. Orange, green and purple are secondary colors.
Question: They collected tweets based on what?
Evidence: We first collected tweets based on a list of job loss-related keywords. We then randomly selected a set of sample tweets and had these tweets annotated (i.e., whether the tweet is a job loss event) using the Amazon MTurk platform. With these annotated tweets, we then evaluated 4 different active learning strategies (i.e., least confi-dent, entropy, vote entropy, and Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence) through simulations.
We first collected tweets based on a list of job loss-related keywords.
Answer: A list of job loss-related keywords.
Question: How many languages are spoken in the country of Nigeria?
Answer: There are over 500 native languages spoken in Nigeria. The official language is English - the language of colonial Nigeria. However, the three national languages are Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa. Nigeria is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world.
Question: Give me a list of all the office main and recurring characters from the first season.
Answer: The main and recurring characters in the show The Office in the first season were Michael Scott, Dwight Schrute, Jim Halpert, Pam Beesly, Ryan Howard, Jan Levinson-Gould, Roy Anderson, Stanley Hudson, Kevin Malone, Creed Bratton, Meridith Palmer, Kelly Kapoor, Angela Martin, Toby Flenderson, Oscar Martinez, Darryl Philbin, Phyllis Lapin, and Devon White.
Question: How long did World War 2 last?
Answer: World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. The Axis included Germany, Italy, and Japan as the main combatants, while the Allies consisted of France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to some extent, China.
Question: What is the best way to get your kid to become a better sleeper?
Answer: Having a kid that is a good sleeper is oftentimes something that you can not fully control as each kid is going to be different. However, with the state of technology today, there are a number of tools and resources out there today that  attempt to help your kid become a better sleeper. Apparatuses like the snoo can simulate a parent rocking your kid to sleep without fully waking the child. The thing that matters most for most babies is establishing a routine. Starting at an early age, routines can be implemented that can help "condition" a kid that bedtime approaches. Following the same routine and time schedule established a sense of familiarity for the baby. Stick to this and your kid should become a much better sleeper.