DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: How many sentences does the dataset consist of?
Evidence: Legal documents are a rather heterogeneous class, which also manifests in their linguistic properties, including the use of named entities and references. Their type and frequency varies significantly, depending on the text type. Texts belonging to specific text type, which are to be selected for inclusion in a corpus must contain enough different named entities and references and they need to be freely available. When comparing legal documents such as laws, court decisions or administrative regulations, decisions are the best option. In laws and administrative regulations, the frequencies of person, location and organization are not high enough for NER experiments. Court decisions, on the other hand, include person, location, organization, references to law, other decision and regulation.
Court decisions from 2017 and 2018 were selected for the dataset, published online by the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection. The documents originate from seven federal courts: Federal Labour Court (BAG), Federal Fiscal Court (BFH), Federal Court of Justice (BGH), Federal Patent Court (BPatG), Federal Social Court (BSG), Federal Constitutional Court (BVerfG) and Federal Administrative Court (BVerwG).
From the table of contents, 107 documents from each court were selected (see Table ). The data was collected from the XML documents, i. e., it was extracted from the XML elements Mitwirkung, Titelzeile, Leitsatz, Tenor, Tatbestand, Entscheidungsgründe, Gründen, abweichende Meinung, and sonstiger Titel. The metadata at the beginning of the documents (name of court, date of decision, file number, European Case Law Identifier, document type, laws) and those that belonged to previous legal proceedings was deleted. Paragraph numbers were removed. The extracted data was split into sentences, tokenised using SoMaJo BIBREF16 and manually annotated in WebAnno BIBREF17.
The annotated documents are available in CoNNL-2002. The information originally represented by and through the XML markup was lost in the conversion process. We decided to use CoNNL-2002 because our primary focus was on the NER task and experiments. CoNNL is one of the best practice formats for NER datasets. All relevant tools support CoNNL, including WebAnno for manual annotation. Nevertheless, it is possible, of course, to re-insert the annotated information back into the XML documents.
The dataset consists of 66,723 sentences with 2,157,048 tokens (incl. punctuation), see Table 1. The sizes of the seven court-specific datasets varies between 5,858 and 12,791 sentences, and 177,835 to 404,041 tokens.
Answer: There are 66,723 sentences with 2,157,048 tokens.
Question: Given a reference text about a red letter day, provide an explanation of what it means.
Evidence: A red letter day (sometimes hyphenated as red-letter day) is any day of special significance or opportunity. Its roots are in classical antiquity; for instance, important days are indicated in red in a calendar dating from the Roman Republic (509–27 BC).

In medieval manuscripts, initial capitals and highlighted words (known as rubrics) were written in red ink. The practice was continued after the invention of the printing press, including in Catholic liturgical books. Many calendars still indicate special dates, festivals and holidays in red instead of black.

In the universities of the UK, scarlet days are when doctors may wear their scarlet 'festal' or full dress gowns instead of their undress ('black') gown.

In Norway, Sweden, Hong Kong, South Korea, Indonesia and some Latin American countries, a public holiday is sometimes referred to as "red day" (rød dag, röd dag, 빨간 날, 紅日, tanggal merah), as it is printed in red in calendars
Answer: A red letter day is any day of special significance or opportunity such as holidays and festivals.
Question: How to investigate the appropriateness of possible strategies in this paper?
Evidence: Ethical challenges related to dialogue systems and conversational agents raise novel research questions, such as learning from biased data sets BIBREF0, and how to handle verbal abuse from the user's side BIBREF1, BIBREF2, BIBREF3, BIBREF4. As highlighted by a recent UNESCO report BIBREF5, appropriate responses to abusive queries are vital to prevent harmful gender biases: the often submissive and flirty responses by the female-gendered systems reinforce ideas of women as subservient. In this paper, we investigate the appropriateness of possible strategies by gathering responses from current state-of-the-art systems and ask crowd-workers to rate them.
In this paper, we investigate the appropriateness of possible strategies by gathering responses from current state-of-the-art systems and ask crowd-workers to rate them.
Answer: The authors investigate the appropriateness of possible strategies by gathering responses from current state-of-the-art systems and ask crowd-workers to rate them.
Question: What is a herbivore?
Evidence: A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding. Horses and other herbivores have wide flat teeth that are adapted to grinding grass, tree bark, and other tough plant material.
Answer: A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.
Question: Can you tell me something interesting about Bald Head Island?
Answer: Bald Head Island is a small island located at the mouth of the cape fear river just south of Wilmington, North Carolina. The island is a popular vacation destination. Two unique aspects of the island are that the island is only accessible via ferry from Southport, North Carolina, and that all visitors and residents use electric golf carts to move throughout the island. While the island is a popular tourist destination, there are no resorts on the island.  If you wish to spend your vacation here you can rent one of the many island vacation homes. While on Bald Head Island, make use of the many walking and bike trails and visit one of the quaint restaurants and shops.
Question: Where is the mountain pass Pen-y-Pass
Answer: Pen-y-Pass is a mountain pass in Snowdonia, Gwynedd, north-west Wales. It is a popular location from which to walk up Snowdon, as three of the popular routes (the Miners Track, the Pyg Track and the ascent via Crib Goch) can be started here. Glyder Fawr, to the north, is also accessible from here.

Situated at the high point of the Llanberis Pass at an elevation of 359 metres (1,178 ft) – about a third of the height of Snowdon – the road was built in the 1830s to allow ore from the mines on Snowdon to be transported to Llanberis. It would be taken down the Miners Track to a store-house at Pen-y-Pass first. Previously, the miners had had to move the ore over the Snowdon summit and down to Beddgelert, which is located at around a third the height of Snowdon.
Question: Given the following paragraph about the nutrition profile of peanut butter, what minerals is peanut butter rich in?
Evidence: In a 100 gram amount, smooth peanut butter supplies 597 Calories and is composed of 51% fat, 22% protein, 22% carbohydrates (including 5% dietary fiber), and 1% water (table). Both crunchy and smooth peanut butter are sources of saturated and monounsaturated fats (mainly oleic acid) as 25% of total serving amount, and polyunsaturated fat (12% of total), primarily as linoleic acid).

Peanut butter is a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of dietary fiber, vitamin E, pantothenic acid, folate, niacin, and vitamin B6 (table, USDA FoodData Central). Also high in content are the dietary minerals manganese, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, and sodium (added as salt during manufacturing). Peanut butter is a moderate source (10–19% DV) of thiamin, riboflavin, iron, and potassium (table).
Answer: Minerals that peanut butter is rich in include manganese, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, and sodium.
Question: List the six episode titles from the last season of "Game of Thrones" in broadcast order.
Answer: Winterfell, A Night of the Seven Kingdoms, The Long Night, The Last of the Starks, The Bells, The Iron Throne
Question: What is the distance between the bases in professional baseball?
Answer: Each base is separated by 90 feet in professional baseball.
Question: Tell me which of these are main characters from The X-Files: Fox Mulder, Mitch Pileggi, Dana Scully, Mully & Sculder, Frank Black, Peter Watts.
Answer: Fox Mulder and Dana Scully are characters from Chris Carter's show The X-Files. Mitch Pileggi played Assistant Director Walter skinner on The X-Files, Mully & Sculder is the name of a synth-pop duo from Canada, and Frank Black and Peter Watts are characters from Chris Carter's other sci-fi show called Millennium. Frank Black made a cameo on The X-Files after Millennium was canceled, but is not considered a main character on the former.
Question: Which of the following months has 31 days? January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December
Answer: January, March, May, July, August, October and December have 31 days.
Question: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Seaworth?
Answer: Davos Seaworth is the founder of House Seaworth, a knighthood that was granted after Robert's Rebellion
Question: What is the difference between football and soccer?
Answer: Whilst some believe that football and soccer are different sports they are in fact exactly the same game and simply differ in naming conventions. In England fans are passionate about the fact it should only be called by its historic original name. In North America however, where 'American Football' is a bigger sport and soccer is developing at pace, soccer is the go to name.
Question: Which baselines are they using?
Evidence: We compared our models with the following state-of-the-art baselines:
Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq): A simple encoder-decoder model which concatenates four sentences to a long sentence with an attention mechanism BIBREF31 .
Hierarchical LSTM (HLSTM): The story context is represented by a hierarchical LSTM: a word-level LSTM for each sentence and a sentence-level LSTM connecting the four sentences BIBREF29 . A hierarchical attention mechanism is applied, which attends to the states of the two LSTMs respectively.
HLSTM+Copy: The copy mechanism BIBREF32 is applied to hierarchical states to copy the words in the story context for generation.
HLSTM+Graph Attention(GA): We applied multi-source attention HLSTM where commonsense knowledge is encoded by graph attention.
HLSTM+Contextual Attention(CA): Contextual attention is applied to represent commonsense knowledge.
We compared our models with the following state-of-the-art baselines:

Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq): A simple encoder-decoder model which concatenates four sentences to a long sentence with an attention mechanism BIBREF31 .

Hierarchical LSTM (HLSTM): The story context is represented by a hierarchical LSTM: a word-level LSTM for each sentence and a sentence-level LSTM connecting the four sentences BIBREF29 . A hierarchical attention mechanism is applied, which attends to the states of the two LSTMs respectively.

HLSTM+Copy: The copy mechanism BIBREF32 is applied to hierarchical states to copy the words in the story context for generation.

HLSTM+Graph Attention(GA): We applied multi-source attention HLSTM where commonsense knowledge is encoded by graph attention.

HLSTM+Contextual Attention(CA): Contextual attention is applied to represent commonsense knowledge.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* Seq2Seq
* HLSTM
* HLSTM+Copy
* HLSTM+Graph Attention
* HLSTM+Contextual Attention
Question: When was Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj born?
Evidence: Shivaji Shivaji Bhosale (19 February 1630 – 3 April 1680), popularly known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj , was an Indian king and founder of the Maratha Empire .  Shivaraya carved out his own independent kingdom from the decaying Adilshahi of Bijapur and established the Maratha Empire. A.D. He was formally enthroned as Chhatrapati in 1674 at Raigad Fort . 

During his reign, Shivaji Maharaj had both alliances and enmity with the Mughal Empire , the Qutub Shahi of Gowalkonda , the Adil Shahi of Bijapur and the European colonial powers. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj built a powerful and progressive state on the strength of a disciplined army and a well-organized administrative system. Apart from repairing the forts in the coastal and interior regions, he also built many new forts.  Shivarai established a competent and progressive civil government with disciplined administrative organizations. He revived the ancient Hindu political traditions, court conventions.

With his excellent knowledge of the terrain, amazing speed of movement and the technique of guerilla poetry , he successfully fought the mighty Mughal and Adil Shahi forces with a small force. He encouraged the use of Marathi and Sanskrit languages ​​instead of Parsi , which was the norm at that time, in governance .  In the Indian freedom struggle, nationalist leaders used Shivaji Maharaj's heroic stories to rally people and boost their morale. 


This portrait of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is from the British Museum in London . h 1680-1687
Shivaji Maharaj's legacy varied with observers and time. But nearly two centuries after his death, he began to gain more prominence with the rise of the Indian independence movement as many Indian freedom fighters considered him a proto-nationalist and Hindu hero. Shivaji Maharaj has a great influence in the social and political history of Maharashtra . Shivaji Maharaj is an integral part of the identity of the Marathi people .  Shivaji Maharaj's birthday is celebrated as Shiv Jayanti . 
Answer: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was born on 19, February 1630
Question: How long do I need to work before I retire?
Answer: Typically you need to work until the age of 65 before you can retire.  Some jobs may offer you a 401k if you work at the job for an extended period of time which you have access to at the age of 65.  You might be able to retire sooner than the age of 65 if you own your own business, and it makes enough money to support your current lifestyle.  Important things to consider before you retire is whether you have enough money to sustain your lifestyle plus account for yearly inflation, and whether you will want to work part time or do consulting work in retirement to keep yourself busy and give you sense of purpose.