DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: Why are windows not attached directly to the studs of a house?
Answer: When installing windows, it is important to remember that houses move over time. Whether from foundation settling, or swaying in the wind, houses are not totally stationary. As a consequence, if you were to attach a new window rigidly to wooden framing, the glass in the window, which is rigid and brittle, might experience cracking or warping. Additionally, the components of the window, such as the seals and hardware that allows the window to open and close, might break down. Window installers will use a combination of shims and flexible sealing materials such as caulk, along with proper flashing, vapor barriers, and siding to make sure windows are water and air tight, and will operate properly for many years into the future.
Question: What plants and animals are native to Arches National Park
Evidence: An abundance of wildlife occurs in Arches National Park, including spadefoot toads, antelope squirrels, scrub jays, peregrine falcons, many kinds of sparrows, red foxes, desert bighorn sheep, kangaroo rats, mule deers, cougars, midget faded rattlesnakes, yucca moths, western rattlesnakes, and collared lizards.

A number of plant species are common in the park, including prickly pear cactus, Indian ricegrass, bunch grasses, cheatgrass, moss, liverworts, Utah juniper, Mormon tea, blackbrush, cliffrose, four-winged saltbrush, pinyon pine, evening primrose, sand verbena, yucca, and sacred datura.

Biological soil crust consisting of cyanobacteria, lichen, mosses, green algae, and microfungi is found throughout southeastern Utah. The fibrous growths help keep soil particles together, creating a layer that is more resistant to erosion. The living soil layer readily absorbs and stores water, allowing more complex forms of plant life to grow in places with low precipitation levels.
Answer: Spadefoot toads, antelope squirrels, scrub jays, peregrine falcons, many kinds of sparrows, red foxes, desert bighorn sheep, kangaroo rats, mule deers, cougars, midget faded rattlesnakes, yucca moths, western rattlesnakes, and collared lizards are native animals to Arches National Park.
Prickly pear cactus, Indian ricegrass, bunch grasses, cheatgrass, moss, liverworts, Utah juniper, Mormon tea, blackbrush, cliffrose, four-winged saltbrush, pinyon pine, evening primrose, sand verbena, yucca, and sacred datura are common plant species in Arches National Park
Question: Given the reference text about "The New Deal", what are the "3 R's" historians refer to about the program.
Evidence: The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. Major federal programs and agencies included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA). They provided support for farmers, the unemployed, youth, and the elderly. The New Deal included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and efforts to re-inflate the economy after prices had fallen sharply. New Deal programs included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The programs focused on what historians refer to as the "3 R's": relief for the unemployed and for the poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression. The New Deal produced a political realignment, making the Democratic Party the majority (as well as the party that held the White House for seven out of the nine presidential terms from 1933 to 1969) with its base in progressive ideas, the South, big city machines and the newly empowered labor unions, and various ethnic groups. The Republicans were split, with progressive Republicans in support but conservatives opposing the entire New Deal as hostile to business and economic growth. The realignment crystallized into the New Deal coalition that dominated presidential elections into the 1960s while the opposing conservative coalition largely controlled Congress in domestic affairs from 1937 to 1964.
Answer: The "3 R's" historians refer to are the following:
- Relief for the unemployed and for the poor
- Recovery of the economy back to normal levels
- Reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression
Question: Classify the following numbers as 'prime' or 'composite' - 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
Answer: 'prime', 'prime', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'composite', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'prime', 'composite', 'composite', 'composite'.
Question: Extract the different ways to refer to the Amazon rainforest present in the passage. Separate them by a comma.
Evidence: The Amazon rainforest, also called Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 km2 (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 km2 (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest. This region includes territory belonging to nine nations and 3,344 formally acknowledged indigenous territories.

The majority of the forest, 60%, is in Brazil, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Four nations have "Amazonas" as the name of one of their first-level administrative regions, and France uses the name "Guiana Amazonian Park" for French Guiana's protected rainforest area. The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees in about 16,000 species.

More than 30 million people of 350 different ethnic groups live in the Amazon, which are subdivided into 9 different national political systems and 3,344 formally acknowledged indigenous territories. Indigenous peoples make up 9% of the total population, and 60 of the groups remain largely isolated
Answer: Amazon rainforest, Amazon jungle, Amazonia, Amazonas, Amazon
Question: What country has the 2nd highest bungie jump in the world?
Answer: The Nevis bungie jump in Queestown, New Zealand is the seconds highest bungie jump in the world. It is considered world famous because travelers, including celebrities have taken the plunge.  You freefall 134 meters in a canyon which offers about 5 - 7 seconds of freefall.  The entire Lord of Rings cast has also done the Nevis bungie jump when they were filming the movie series in New Zealand.  The Nevis bungie jump has an amazing safety track record and 0 deaths from the extreme sport they offer.
Question: On which task does do model do worst?
Evidence: N-GrAM ranked first in all cases except for the language variety task. In this case, the baseline was the top-ranked system, and ours was second by a small margin. Our system significantly out-performed the baseline on the joint task, as the baseline scored significantly lower for the gender task than for the variety task.
N-GrAM ranked first in all cases except for the language variety task. In this case, the baseline was the top-ranked system, and ours was second by a small margin. Our system significantly out-performed the baseline on the joint task, as the baseline scored significantly lower for the gender task than for the variety task.


Answer: Gender prediction task
Question: Can you tell me about different types of hot water kettles?
Answer: I'd be happy to tell you about hot water kettles. Hot water kettles are used to heat up water for beverages like tea or coffee. There are a few different kinds:
 - Stove-top kettles, which are placed on a stove and make a sound when the water is boiling.
 - Electric water kettles, which heat up using electricity rather than a stove. These can have many controls and contain thermostats to control the target water heat.
 - Gooseneck kettles, which can be electric or stovetop but feature a thin spout which is useful for making pour-over coffee.
Question: What is the ranking of poker hands from strongest to weakest that you can make with a regular deck of 52 cards and five cards total?
Answer: The ranking of poker hands with 52 regular playing cards is:

1) A Royal Flush - this hand consists of ten, jack, queen, king and ace of a single suit (e.g. ten, jack, queen, king, ace, all of spades)
2) A Straight Flush - this hand consists of five consecutive cards in a single suit. The ace counts as either the highest or lowest, but not both at the same time. (e.g. five, six, seven, eight, nine, all of hearts)
3) Four-of-a-kind - this hand contains four of the same card (e.g. four tens)
4) Full house - Three-of-a-kind of the same card, and a pair of a different card. (e.g. three sevens and two jacks)
5) Flush - Five cards of the same suits (e.g. five spades)
6) Straight - Five consecutive cards, where the ace can count as either the highest or lowest card, but not both at the same time (e.g. ace, two, three, four, five). 
7) Three-of-a-kind - this hand contains three of the same card (e.g. three sevens)
8) Two pair - this hand contains two sets of two cards that are the same (e.g. two fives and two queens)
9) One pair - this hand contains one set of two cards that are the same (e.g. two tens)
10) High card - this hand contains none of the other options, and just has a high card.

For all poker hands, if they are of the same ranking, then one has to look at the height of the cards themselves to determine the strongest hand. A full house of three aces and two tens is stronger than a full house of three kings and two tens. At the same time, three kings and two tens beats three tens and two aces, because the kings are stronger.
Question: Which of the following are things you would commonly pack for a camping trip: freeze dried meals, sleeping bags, curling iron, lantern, axe, tent, high heels, hiking boots, mirrors, vintage trunk, antique lamp, swiss army knife
Answer: freeze dried meals, sleeping bags, lantern, axe, tent, hiking boots, swiss army knife
Question: How many strings does a cello have?
Evidence: The cello (/ˈtʃɛloʊ/ CHEL-oh), properly violoncello (/ˌvaɪələnˈtʃɛloʊ/ VY-ə-lən-CHEL-oh, Italian pronunciation: [vjolonˈtʃɛllo]), is a bowed (sometimes plucked and occasionally hit) string instrument of the violin family. Its four strings are usually tuned in perfect fifths: from low to high, C2, G2, D3 and A3. The viola's four strings are each an octave higher. Music for the cello is generally written in the bass clef, with tenor clef, and treble clef used for higher-range passages.
Answer: A cello has four strings
Question: What are some ways to help someone fall asleep?
Answer: Sleepiness is affected by light, so it is considered good sleep hygiene to dim the lights and stop using screens before bedtime. Additionally making sure that the bedroom is quiet and cool can greatly assist with sleep.
Question: Which is the odd one out? Silver, Gold, Mercury, Phosphorous, Copper, Zinc
Answer: Phosphorus is the odd one out. The rest are metals.
Question: How long is a marathon?
Answer: A marathon is 26.2 miles and 42.195 kilometers
Question: Was the sentence-level task easier?
Evidence: We have described the NLP4IF@EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019 shared task on fine-grained propaganda identification. We received 25 and 12 submissions on the test set for the sentence-level classification and the fragment-level classification tasks, respectively. Overall, the sentence-level task was easier and most submitted systems managed to outperform the baseline. The fragment-level task proved to be much more challenging, with lower absolute scores, but most teams still managed to outperform the baseline.
We plan to make the schema and the dataset publicly available to be used beyond NLP4IF. We hope that the corpus would raise interest outside of the community of researchers studying propaganda: the techniques related to fallacies and the ones relying on emotions might provide a novel setting for researchers interested in Argumentation and Sentiment Analysis.
As a kind of advertisement, Task 11 at SemEval 2020 is a follow up of this shared task. It features two complimentary tasks:
Given a free-text article, identify the propagandist text spans.
Given a text span already flagged as propagandist and its context, identify the specific propaganda technique it contains.
This setting would allow participants to focus their efforts on binary sequence labeling for Task 1 and on multi-class classification for Task 2.
Overall, the sentence-level task was easier and most submitted systems managed to outperform the baseline.
Answer: Yes.
Question: Why do Jews eat matza on Passover?
Answer: The book of Exodus commands the Jews to eat matza. The bible says that at the time of the exodus, the Jews left Egypt in such a hurry that their dough did not have time to rise. To commemorate this, they eat unleavened bread, or matza, every Passover.

Many Jews eat matza today, even if they do not believe that they obeying a divine command. They may eat matza as a means of connecting with their Jewish heritage, or because they are participating in a seder, the traditional Passover meal, or just because they like the taste.
Question: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Cello, Danso
Answer: Cello is string, Danso is woodwind.
Question: Please provided me some context in form of bullet points on Open Doors organisation
Evidence: Open Doors is a non-denominational mission supporting persecuted Christians in the world. They work with local partners to distribute Bibles and Christian literature, give discipleship training and provide practical support, such as emergency relief aid. Open Doors' stated aims are to raise awareness of global persecution, mobilising prayer, support and action among Christians from around the world. It is based in Ermelo, The Netherlands. Open Doors is also a member of the Forum of Bible Agencies International.
Answer: 1. Open Doors is a nondenominational organisation that helps Christians who are persecuted throughout the world.
2. They collaborate with local partners to spread Bibles and Christian literature, provide discipleship training, and offer practical assistance like immediate aid in times of need.
3. The stated goals of Open Doors are to increase awareness of international persecution and to encourage Christians all across the world to pray, support, and take action.
4. Its headquarters are in Ermelo, Netherlands.
5. Open Doors is a part of the International Forum of Bible Agencies.
Question: What about the use of a better clustering technique?
Evidence: In this section, Figure 6 demonstrate that the discriminating performance of MANDERA when hierarchical clustering and Gaussian mixture models are used in-place of K-means for FASHIONMNIST data set remain robust.****Proof. According to Theorem 1, 2 and Corollary 1, when both N∗ and p are large enough, with probability 1 there exist (eb, vb), (em, vm) and δ > 0 such that ||(eb, vb) − (em, vm)||2 > δ, and ||(ei , vi) − (eb, vb)||2 ≤ δ 2 for ∀ i ∈ Ib and ||(ei , vi) − (em, vm)||2 ≤ δ 2 for ∀ i ∈ Im. Therefore, with a reasonable clustering algorithm such as K-mean with K = 2, we would expect Iˆb = Ib with probability 1. Because we can always find a ∆ > 0 such that ||Mi,: − Mj,: ||2 ≤ ∆ for any node pair (i, j) in a fixed dataset with a finite number of nodes, and mˆ b,: = mb,: when Iˆ b = Ib, we have E||mˆ b,: − mb,: ||2 ≤ ∆ · P(Iˆ b ≠ Ib), and thus lim N∗→∞ limp→∞ E||mˆ b,: − mb,: ||2 = 0. It completes the proof.
Answer: To provide an answer to your question “What about the use of a better clustering technique?”, we have performed an evaluation to replace the K-means algorithm in the current setting with other clustering methods, including hierarchical clustering and Gaussian mixture models. We found that performance of MANDERA is quite robust to different choices of the clustering methods. We have included these additional comparisons in Appendix E.
Question: Given this information about the players championship tournament, what were the weather conditions on March 20th 1977?
Evidence: The 1977 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 17–20 at Sawgrass Country Club in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville. The fourth Tournament Players Championship, it was the first of five consecutive at Sawgrass, which had agreed a multi-year with the PGA Tour in 1976.

Mark Hayes was the champion in windy conditions at 289 (+1), two strokes ahead of runner-up Mike McCullough. McCullough and Tom Watson were the co-leaders after the third round, with Hayes a stroke back. Defending champion Jack Nicklaus finished four strokes back, in a tie for fifth place.

Bob Menne set the tour's 72-hole record for fewest putts with 99, but tied for 47th at 303 (+15). The record had been 102 putts, by Bert Yancey in 1966 at his victory in the final Portland Open Invitational.
Answer: It was windy
Question: What is an interception in American football? Write your response as if you are American explaining it to a coworker from another country.
Answer: The player that is under center is called the quarterback. His job is to throw or handoff the football to an eligible member of this own team. Usually, the ball is given to the running back, wide receiver, or tide end. An interception occurs when the quarterback throws the football to his intended team mate and a member of the opposing team catches the football instead. When this occurs, the opposing team gains possession of the football and their offense goes out into the field and they have an opportunity to drive the football down the field with the goal of scoring a touchdown or field goal.
Question: Rick was asked, Suppose your mother has four sons, named East, West, and South. What's the fourth son's name?
Answer: Well, I hope you didn't expect me to say North? Because the question was asked to Rick, who is also the son of his mom, the answer would be his own name, Rick.
Question: What could be the reasons for errors committed by the team's system?
Evidence: Errors committed by our system arise from multiple factors, starting from limitations of the eye-tracker hardware to errors committed by linguistic tools and resources. Also, aggregating various eye-tracking parameters to extract the cognitive features may have caused information loss in the regular classification setting.
Errors committed by our system arise from multiple factors, starting from limitations of the eye-tracker hardware to errors committed by linguistic tools and resources. Also, aggregating various eye-tracking parameters to extract the cognitive features may have caused information loss in the regular classification setting.
Answer: Limitations of the eye-tracker hardware, errors committed by linguistic tools and resources, and aggregating various eye-tracking parameters to extract the cognitive features.
Question: What components are identified as core components for training VQA models?
Evidence: In this study we observed the actual impact of several components within VQA models. We have shown that transformer-based encoders together with GRU models provide the best performance for question representation. Notably, we demonstrated that using pre-trained text representations provide consistent performance improvements across several hyper-parameter configurations. We have also shown that using an object detector fine-tuned with external data provides large improvements in accuracy. Our experiments have demonstrated that even simple fusion strategies can achieve performance on par with the state-of-the-art. Moreover, we have shown that attention mechanisms are paramount for learning top performing networks, once they allow producing question-aware image representations that are capable of encoding spatial relations. It became clear that Top-Down is the preferred attention method, given its results with ReLU activation. It is is now clear that some configurations used in some architectures (e.g., additional RNN layers) are actually irrelevant and can be removed altogether without harming accuracy. For future work, we expect to expand this study in two main ways: (i) cover additional datasets, such as Visual Genome BIBREF37; and (ii) study in an exhaustive fashion how distinct components interact with each other, instead of observing their impact alone on the classification performance.
We have shown that transformer-based encoders together with GRU models provide the best performance for question representation. Notably, we demonstrated that using pre-trained text representations provide consistent performance improvements across several hyper-parameter configurations. We have also shown that using an object detector fine-tuned with external data provides large improvements in accuracy.
Moreover, we have shown that attention mechanisms are paramount for learning top performing networks, once they allow producing question-aware image representations that are capable of encoding spatial relations. It became clear that Top-Down is the preferred attention method, given its results with ReLU activation.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* pre-trained text representations
* transformer-based encoders together with GRU models
* attention mechanisms are paramount for learning top performing networks
* Top-Down is the preferred attention method
Question: What is the best seasoning to use on steak?
Answer: The best seasoning combination for any steak is the classic Garlic, Pepper, and Salt combination. Salt will draw the water out of the meat, the water will dissolve the salt, and the moisture will then get reabsorbed back, breaking down protein, and ultimately tenderizing the meat. Garlic and Pepper pair very well with Salt and meat, crafting the best possible seasoning experience.