DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: Which multitask annotated corpus is used?
Evidence: Due to the semi-supervised nature of the proposed Multitask DCGAN model, we utilize both labeled and unlabeled data. For the unlabeled data, we use audio from the AMI BIBREF8 and IEMOCAP BIBREF7 datasets. For the labeled data, we use audio from the IEMOCAP dataset, which comes with labels for activation and valence, both measured on a 5-point Likert scale from three distinct annotators. Although IEMOCAP provides per-word activation and valence labels, in practice these labels do not generally change over time in a given audio file, and so for simplicity we label each audio clip with the average valence and activation. Since valence and activation are both measured on a 5-point scale, the labels are encoded in 5-element one-hot vectors. For instance, a valence of 5 is represented with the vector INLINEFORM0 . The one-hot encoding can be thought of as a probability distribution representing the likelihood of the correct label being some particular value. Thus, in cases where the annotators disagree on the valence or activation label, this can be represented by assigning probabilities to multiple positions in the label vector. For instance, a label of 4.5 conceptually means that the “correct” valence is either 4 or 5 with equal probability, so the corresponding vector would be INLINEFORM1 . These “fuzzy labels” have been shown to improve classification performance in a number of applications BIBREF14 , BIBREF15 . It should be noted here that we had generally greater success with this fuzzy label method than training the neural network model on the valence label directly, i.e. classification task vs. regression.
For the labeled data, we use audio from the IEMOCAP dataset, which comes with labels for activation and valence, both measured on a 5-point Likert scale from three distinct annotators.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* IEMOCAP
Question: What is the best-selling single worldwide?
Evidence: According to Guinness World Records, Irving Berlin's "White Christmas" (1942) as performed by Bing Crosby is the best-selling single worldwide, with estimated sales of over 50 million copies. The song, recognized as "the best-selling single of all time", was released before the pop/rock singles-chart era and "was listed as the world's best-selling single in the first-ever Guinness Book of Records (published in 1955) and—remarkably—still retains the title more than 50 years later".
Answer: The best-selling single worldwide, according to Guinness World Records, is Irving Berlin's "White Christmas", which was performed by Bing Crosby in 1942 with over 50 million copies sold.
Question: What is combinatorial optimisation?
Answer: Combinatorial optimisation is a field of applied mathematics, combining techniques from combinatorics, linear programming, and the theory of algorithms, to solve discrete optimisation problems. It is usually used as an alias of discrete optimisation. A combinatorial optimisation problem can generally be drawn as a triple (S, f, C), where S is a given search space, f is the objective function, which should be either maximised or minimised, and C is the set of constraints that have to be fulfilled to obtain feasible solutions. The goal is to find a globally optimal solution, meaning a solution s' that belongs to S, with either the highest or lowest objective value in the case of maximisation or minimisation, each under the restriction of constraints.
Question: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Panduri, Zurna
Answer: Zurna is woodwind, Panduri is string.
Question: Who Invented the Zamboni
Answer: A zamboni is also known as an ice resurfacer.   It was invented in 1949 in California, by Frank Zamboni.  Zamboni was an American inventor and engineer.   His inspiration came from the fact that he owned an ice skating rink in California and the process to resurface the ice was very time consuming.   Through his refrigeration background during the years of 1941-1947 he began working on the first prototype.
Question: Who was Yoshikazu Shirakawa?
Evidence: Yoshikazu Shirakawa was a Japanese photographer. He is particularly well known for his book Himalayas, published by Harry N. Abrams in 1971.
Answer: Yoshikazu Shirakawa was a Japanese photographer. He is particularly well known for his book Himalayas, published by Harry N. Abrams in 1971. He also wrote The Alps, translated by Max A. Wyss.
Question: Which of the following instruments have keys: harp, piano, cello, guitar, spinet, mandolin, bagpipe, bongo, clavinet, accordion, flute, bass, marimba, synthesizer, recorder, organ, melodica, sitar
Answer: The following instruments have keys: piano, spinet, clavinet, accordion, synthesizer, organ, and melodica
Question: Write a brief advertisement for a rentable property near a lake in the mountains. The target audience should be older adults looking for a quiet retreat.  There should be several stipulations discouraging parties, teenagers, and noisy guests. Begin with an eye-catching summary statement. The property name is "The Misty Lake Overlook"
Answer: Enjoy eye-popping views, picturesque landscapes, quiet solitude, luxurious accommodations - and more!! - at The Misty Lake Overlook.
The Misty Lake Overlook - your home-away-from-home - is nestled in a quiet corner of a idyllic mountain clearing, just above Misty Lake.  A show-stopper great room greets you upon entry with a open-concept kitchen and living space.  Stay warm through the cool evenings with a newly renovated fireplace.  Eat, play, and relax on the lavish outdoor patio, fully equipped with dining areas, charcoal grill, hot tub, and games for young children.  The private dock is only a 5-10 minute walk down the mountain and comes with a water slide, kayaks, and a fishing pier.
Please note, guests of the Misty Lake Overlook must adhere to all Misty Lake rules: Quiet hours are between 10pm-7am; no horseplay in the lake; life jackets must be worn at all times near the water.  Additional rental notes and requirements: the average guest age must be 30+; there will be a $1000 refundable service deposit to cover any damage or mess; there is only parking space for 2 cars; absolutely no parties allowed.
Question: Are The Smiths a good band?
Answer: The Smiths were one of the most critically acclaimed bands to come from England in the 1980s. Typically classified as an "indie rock" band, the band released 4 albums from 1984 until their breakup in 1987. The band members, notably Morrissey and Johnny Marr, would go on to accomplish successful solo careers.
Question: I'm a 12-year-old girl and I want to have my own cellphone because everyone else in my class have one. I just want to be part of the group and join their conversations. My mother did not refuse my request, but she asked me how to solve her concerns about the potential harm to me. What should I do to convince her to give me a cellphone? Here are here concerns:
1. Using cellphone too much would harm your eye sight. Especially for teenagers, whose eyes are still growing, it's very easy to have near-sight pretty quickly.
2. Using cellphone too much would take too much of your time, and you would spend less time reading books, doing exercises, playing outside, talking to people, which harms your overall development. Adults like me already ready lots of books, did lots of exercises, and talked to a lot of people when I was a teenager, so I already developed those skills.
3. Using cellphone too much would make you feel hard to focus on one thing. The scattered information would stimulate your attention, and make you feel excited at superficial contents, and don't think deeply.
4. You might accidentally lost your cellphone, and you will feel sad about it. Teenagers usually are more likely to lost things than adults in general.
Answer: Hi mom, I think I can handle the problems you mentioned properly. I will control myself and won't use the cellphone too much, and I promise to not losing the cellphone. Please give a cellphone, thank you mom!
Question: Why is the F-15EX Eagle II an ideal aircraft not an ideal aircraft for conducting modern offensive war fighting?
Evidence: In 2018, the United States Air Force (USAF) and Boeing discussed the F-15X or Advanced F-15, a proposed single-seat variant based on the F-15QA to replace USAF F-15C/Ds. Improvements included the AMBER weapons rack to carry up to 22 air-to-air missiles, infrared search and track, advanced avionics and electronic warfare equipment, AESA radar, and revised structure with a service life of 20,000 hours. Single and two-seat variants were proposed, called F-15CX and F-15EX respectively, with identical capabilities. The USAF opted for the two-seat variant, which can be flown either by a single pilot or by a pilot and WSO for complex missions and, someday, controlling collaborative combat aircraft. One reason for this decision is that only two–seat F-15 models remained in production.

The USAF bought the F-15EX to maintain fleet size as F-22 production ended, the F-35 was delayed, and its F-15Cs aged. Although it is not expected to survive against modern air defenses by 2028, the F-15EX can perform homeland and airbase defense, enforce no-fly zones against limited air defenses, and deploy standoff munitions. In July 2020, the U.S. Defense Department ordered eight F-15EXs over three years for $1.2 billion. In August 2020, the USAF announced plans to replace F-15Cs in the Florida and Oregon Air National Guards with F-15EXs. The F-15EX made its maiden flight on 2 February 2021. The first F-15EX was delivered to the USAF in March 2021, and was flown to Eglin Air Force Base in Florida for further testing.

On 7 April 2021, its official name Eagle II was announced. The FY2021 defense appropriations bill funded F-15EX procurement at $1.23 billion for 12 aircraft, bringing total orders to 20 aircraft. By May 2022, the USAF had ordered 144 F-15EXs. It has proposed reducing its orders to 80. The first operational F-15EXs are not to receive conformal fuel tanks. The Air Force's proposed budget for fiscal 2024 includes funds to buy 24 more F-15EXs, which would bring the planned fleet up to 104 aircraft.
Answer: The Boeing F-15EX Eagle II is not expected to survive against modern air defenses by 2028.  Due to the long time horizon for military hardware acquisition this does not make this aircraft suitable for many offensive war fighting missions over the coming years.
Question: Why is the sky blue?
Answer: Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth's atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky most of the time.
Question: When has the movie The Ride been released
Answer: The Ride is a 2018 independent film about a child who is fostered by an interracial couple, starring Shane Graham, Ludacris, and Sasha Alexander.

It was released in North America in 2020 on Amazon Prime.
Question: What are some ideas to keep the mind active as I get older?
Answer: It is important to keep the mind active, and many ways to do so. Board games are a great way to engage the mind, especially games such as Scrabble and chess. Alternatively there are many mobile applications that have solo games such as Wordle and Sudoku that are good for daily mental exercises. And don't forget that reading and conversing daily is a great way to keep the mind engaged.
Question: Based on the reference text, how did the United States implement separation of powers?
Evidence: Separation of powers is a political doctrine originating in the writings of Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws, in which he argued for a constitutional government with three separate branches, each of which would have defined abilities to check the powers of the others. This philosophy heavily influenced the drafting of the United States Constitution, according to which the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches of the United States government are kept distinct in order to prevent abuse of power. The American form of separation of powers is associated with a system of checks and balances.

During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as Montesquieu advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the Founding Fathers of the United States, such as Alexander Hamilton, who participated in the Constitutional Convention of 1787 which drafted the Constitution.

Some U.S. states did not observe a strict separation of powers in the 18th century. In New Jersey, the governor also functioned as a member of the state's highest court and as the presiding officer of one house of the New Jersey Legislature. The president of Delaware was a member of the Court of Appeals; the presiding officers of the two houses of the state legislature also served in the executive department as vice presidents. In both Delaware and Pennsylvania, members of the executive council served at the same time as judges. On the other hand, many southern states explicitly required separation of powers. Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia all kept the branches of government "separate and distinct."
Answer: The United states implemented separation of powers by creating three distinct branches of government in the United States Constitution. The three branches of government are the Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches.
Question: Is the current author's model the most advanced model for Thai sentence segmentation?
Evidence: For the Thai sentence segmentation task, our model is superior to all the baselines on both Thai sentence segmentation datasets, as shown in Table TABREF45 . On the Orchid dataset, the supervised model that includes both local and distant representation was adopted for comparison to the baseline model. Our model improves the F1 score achieved by CRF-ngram, which is the state-of-the-art model for Thai sentence segmentation in Orchid, from 91.9% (row (d)) to 92.5% (row (g)). Meanwhile, in the UGWC dataset, our CVT model (row (h)) achieves an F1 score of 88.9%, which is higher than the F1 score of both the baselines (CRF-ngram and Bi-LSTM-CRF (rows d and e, respectively)). Thus, our model is now the state-of-the-art model for Thai sentence segmentation on both the Orchid and UGWC datasets.
Our model outperforms all the sequence tagging models. T-BRNN-pre (row (c)) is the current state-of-the-art model, as shown in Table TABREF47 . The CVT model improves the overall F1 score from the 64.4% of T-BRNN-pre to 65.3% (row (h)), despite the fact that T-BRNN-pre integrates a pretrained word vector. Moreover, our model also achieves a 2-class F1 score 1.3% higher than that of Bi-LSTM-CRF (row (e)).
Thus, our model is now the state-of-the-art model for Thai sentence segmentation on both the Orchid and UGWC datasets.
Answer: Yes.
Question: Which epic poem discussed the Trojan Horse?
Evidence: The Trojan Horse was a wooden horse said to have been used by the Greeks during the Trojan War to enter the city of Troy and win the war. The Trojan Horse is not mentioned in Homer's Iliad, with the poem ending before the war is concluded, and it is only briefly mentioned in the Odyssey. But in the Aeneid by Virgil, after a fruitless 10-year siege, the Greeks constructed a huge wooden horse at the behest of Odysseus, and hid a select force of men inside, including Odysseus himself. The Greeks pretended to sail away, and the Trojans pulled the horse into their city as a victory trophy. That night, the Greek force crept out of the horse and opened the gates for the rest of the Greek army, which had sailed back under the cover of darkness. The Greeks entered and destroyed the city, ending the war.
Answer: Odyssey
Question: Given this paragraph about Twitter, how can programmers connect to Twitter when building custom applications?
Evidence: Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post or reply to texts, images and videos known as "tweets". Registered users can tweet, like, "retweet" tweets and direct message (DM), while unregistered users only have the ability to view public tweets. Users interact with Twitter through browser or mobile frontend software, or programmatically via its APIs.
Answer: Programmers can connect to Twitter when building custom applications by using Twitter APIs.
Question: How do you make a simple green salsa?
Answer: Blend the following ingredients in a blender:
  
8 Jalapeños or 4 Serrano Peppers (your heat pref)
4 Tomatillos
½ Small Onion
1 Garlic Clove
½ Bunch of Cilantro
1 Big Avocado 

After it's blended well pour the salsa into a bowl and mix with a spoon. Next mix one lime or lemon and salt to taste. Save the pit of the Avocado and insert it into the salsa to preserve its freshness.
Question: Tell me whether these are cheese or bread: Gouda, Focaccia, Brie, Baguette, Pecorino, Romano, Cheddar, Brioche, Ciabatta, Manchego, Smoked Gouda, Pita, Sourdough
Answer: Gouda is a type of cheese.
Focaccia is a type of bread.
Brie is a type of cheese.
Baguette is a type of bread.
Pecorino Romano is a type of cheese.
Cheddar is a type of cheese.
Brioche is a type of bread.
Ciabatta is a type of bread.
Manchego is a type of cheese.
Smoked Gouda is a type of cheese.
Pita is a type of bread.
Sourdough is a type of bread.
Question: What is Paris-Brest named after?
Evidence: The round pastry, in the form of a wheel, was created in 1910 by Louis Durand, pâtissier of Maisons-Laffitte, at the request of Pierre Giffard, to commemorate the Paris–Brest–Paris bicycle race he had initiated in 1891. Its circular shape is representative of a wheel. It became popular with riders on the Paris–Brest–Paris cycle race, partly because of its energizing, high-calorie value and its intriguing name, and is now found in pâtisseries all over France.
Answer: Paris-Brest is a round french pastry, usually prepared as a choux pastry with a cream filling. The pastry is shaped like a circle with a hole in the middle, meant to represent a bicycle wheel in honor of a famous bicycle race between the French cities of Paris and Brest.
Question: Are the following titles TV shows or movies: Seinfeld, Mash, Hogans Heroes, The Wizards of Waverly Place, and Friends.
Answer: These titles are all TV shows.
Question: How was the dataset collected?
Evidence: To develop the dataset, we extracted 200 sentences from Sorani Kurdish books of grades one to three of the primary school in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. We randomly created 2000 sentences from the extracted sentences.
To develop the dataset, we extracted 200 sentences from Sorani Kurdish books of grades one to three of the primary school in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. We randomly created 2000 sentences from the extracted sentences.
Answer: extracted text from Sorani Kurdish books of primary school and randomly created sentences
Question: what were the baselines?
Evidence: Generally, the above work is summarized in Table TABREF2 . Considering motivation, our work is most closely related to the work of BIBREF14 Fitzgerald2015, which also tackles span and dependency SRL in a uniform fashion. The essential difference is that their model employs the syntactic features and takes pre-identified predicates as inputs, while our model puts syntax aside and jointly learns and predicts predicates and arguments.
FLOAT SELECTED: Table 1: A chronicle of related work for span and dependency SRL. SA represents syntax-aware system (no + indicates syntaxagnostic system) and ST indicates sequence tagging model. F1 is the result of single model on official test set.
Generally, the above work is summarized in Table TABREF2 . Considering motivation, our work is most closely related to the work of BIBREF14 Fitzgerald2015, which also tackles span and dependency SRL in a uniform fashion. The essential difference is that their model employs the syntactic features and takes pre-identified predicates as inputs, while our model puts syntax aside and jointly learns and predicts predicates and arguments.
FLOAT SELECTED: Table 1: A chronicle of related work for span and dependency SRL. SA represents syntax-aware system (no + indicates syntaxagnostic system) and ST indicates sequence tagging model. F1 is the result of single model on official test set.
Answer: 2008 Punyakanok et al. 
2009 Zhao et al. + ME 
2008 Toutanova et al. 
2010 Bjorkelund et al.  
2015 FitzGerald et al. 
2015 Zhou and Xu 
2016 Roth and Lapata 
2017 He et al. 
2017 Marcheggiani et al.
2017 Marcheggiani and Titov 
2018 Tan et al. 
2018 He et al. 
2018 Strubell et al. 
2018 Cai et al. 
2018 He et al. 
2018 Li et al.
Question: Do they train their own RE model?
Evidence: First we compare our neural network English RE models with the state-of-the-art RE models on the ACE05 English data. The ACE05 English data can be divided to 6 different domains: broadcast conversation (bc), broadcast news (bn), telephone conversation (cts), newswire (nw), usenet (un) and webblogs (wl). We apply the same data split in BIBREF31, BIBREF30, BIBREF6, which uses news (the union of bn and nw) as the training set, a half of bc as the development set and the remaining data as the test set.
We learn the model parameters using Adam BIBREF32. We apply dropout BIBREF33 to the hidden layers to reduce overfitting. The development set is used for tuning the model hyperparameters and for early stopping.
We apply model ensemble to further improve the accuracy of the Bi-LSTM model. We train 5 Bi-LSTM English RE models initiated with different random seeds, apply the 5 models on the target languages, and combine the outputs by selecting the relation type labels with the highest probabilities among the 5 models. This Ensemble approach improves the single model by 0.6-1.9 $F_1$ points, except for Arabic.
We apply the same data split in BIBREF31, BIBREF30, BIBREF6, which uses news (the union of bn and nw) as the training set, a half of bc as the development set and the remaining data as the test set.

We learn the model parameters using Adam BIBREF32. We apply dropout BIBREF33 to the hidden layers to reduce overfitting. The development set is used for tuning the model hyperparameters and for early stopping.
We train 5 Bi-LSTM English RE models initiated with different random seeds, apply the 5 models on the target languages, and combine the outputs by selecting the relation type labels with the highest probabilities among the 5 models.
Answer: Yes.
Question: What group is known for introducing wine growing to California?
Answer: Spanish Jesuit missionaries established California's wine-making history in 1680 when they planted Mediterranean vines so that they could grow grapes to make wine for religious services.
Question: What type of Pokemon is Charizard?
Evidence: Whereas its pre-evolutions Charmander and Charmeleon are ground-bound lizard like creatures, Charizard's design is inspired by dragons, more specifically European dragons. Even though Charizard gains the Flying secondary type instead of the Dragon type upon evolving, it belongs to the Dragon Egg Group, learns Dragon moves like Dragon Claw, and has its Flying type replaced by Dragon in its "Mega Charizard X" form. Authors Tracey West and Katherine Noll called Charizard the "best Fire type Pokémon" and the "third best Pokémon overall".
Answer: Charizard is a Fire/Flying type Pokemon