DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: What were the variables in the ablation study?
Evidence: To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the additional task-specific BiRNN layers in our architecture, we conducted an ablation study using the CoNLL04 dataset. We trained and evaluated in the same manner described above, using the same hyperparameters, with the following exceptions:
We used either (i) zero NER-specific BiRNN layers, (ii) zero RE-specific BiRNN layers, or (iii) zero task-specific BiRNN layers of any kind.
We increased the number of shared BiRNN layers to keep the total number of model parameters consistent with the number of parameters in the baseline model.
We average the results for each set of hyperparameter across three trials with random weight initializations.
To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the additional task-specific BiRNN layers in our architecture, we conducted an ablation study using the CoNLL04 dataset. We trained and evaluated in the same manner described above, using the same hyperparameters, with the following exceptions:

We used either (i) zero NER-specific BiRNN layers, (ii) zero RE-specific BiRNN layers, or (iii) zero task-specific BiRNN layers of any kind.

We increased the number of shared BiRNN layers to keep the total number of model parameters consistent with the number of parameters in the baseline model.

We average the results for each set of hyperparameter across three trials with random weight initializations.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* (i) zero NER-specific BiRNN layers, (ii) zero RE-specific BiRNN layers, or (iii) zero task-specific BiRNN layers of any kind
Question: Which is the best place to have Masala Dosa in Bangalore
Answer: The top 5 best places to have Masala Dosa in Bangalore are
1. Dose Adda near Devegowda Petrol Bunk, Padmanabhanagar
2. Rameshwaram Cafe, multiple outlets across Bangalore
3. Samrat Cafe, Near MG Road
4. Vidyarthi Bhavan, Gandhi Bazar
5. Chikkanna Dose, Jayanagar 3rd Block
Question: How does Windows Fast Startup Work?
Answer: Fast Startup is a Windows feature that allows you to boot your computer in a few seconds rather than a minute. Rather than going through the cold boot path, Fast Startup uses a minimal hiberfile to resume the system. When the feature is enabled, selecting “Shutdown” in the Windows UI doesn’t actually shutdown the system. Instead, it closes all user applications, logs the current user out, and then creates a hiberfile. Because this hiberfile only includes the kernel, device drivers and a subset of applications, it is small and can be reloaded quickly. 

Alternatively, the cold boot path requires loading the kernel and drivers from disk, initializing the kernel and drivers, and launching various user mode applications. This can be especially slow on computers that use spinning hard drives.
Question: If the sky is the ocean then what is a bird?
Answer: In that analogy a bird would be a fish.  There are a lot of similarities between birds and fish.  They both have vertebrates and are part of the animal kingdom and belong to the phylum Chordata.  They both consume nutrients to survive.
Question: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Sounding stone, Cobza
Answer: Cobza is string, Sounding stone is percussion.
Question: Extract the beginning and ending term of António de Serpa Pimentel from the following text
Evidence: António de Serpa Pimentel (1825 in Coimbra – 1900) was Prime Minister of Portugal from 14 January to 11 October 1890. His term in office began as a reaction to the British ultimatum concerning Portuguese colonial policy in southeast Africa. The signing of the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty later that year, which was intended as a step to resolve the crisis, was viewed as further appeasement of a powerful Britain. This led to his resignation and the fall of his government.
Answer: António de Serpa Pimentel was the Prime Minister of Portugal from 14 January 1890 to 11 October 1890
Question: How would you book the cheapest rental car in a foreign country?
Answer: To book the cheapest and best rental car you could start using popular aggregator websites such as Kayak and Expedia to find the best prices from large domestic car rental companies with foreign operations. Next, you can make a search for local car rental companies in the area you are travelling to, and make calls or visit their website. This may require you to speak a local language. Finally, you can utilize alternative car rental companies such as Turo if they are available in the region you are travelling to.
Question: How old is Boo Boo Bear?
Evidence: Boo-Boo Bear is a Hanna-Barbera cartoon character on The Yogi Bear Show. Boo-Boo is an anthropomorphic dwarf bear who wears a blue bowtie. Boo-Boo is Yogi Bear's constant companion (not his son, as sometimes believed), and often acts as his conscience. He tries (usually unsuccessfully) to keep Yogi from doing things he should not do, and also to keep Yogi from getting into trouble with Ranger Smith – often saying, "Mr. Ranger isn't gonna like this, Yogi." It is not readily apparent whether Boo-Boo is a juvenile bear with a precocious intellect, or simply an adult bear who is short of stature.
Answer: It is unclear how old Boo Boo Bear is. He may be an adolescent or just a short adult.
Question: What is Tableau?
Answer: Tableau software is a company based in America.  They offer visualization and dashboarding software that connects to a company's data in their systems of records.  They have a strong presence in the Business Intelligence community as a leader in the visualization space, and they were found in 2003.  Now SalesForce owns Tableau as of 2019 and they paid around 16 billion dollars to acquire Tableau.
Question: How does SPNet utilize additional speaker role, semantic slot and dialog domain annotations?
Evidence: Our encoder-decoder framework employs separate encoding for different speakers in the dialog. User utterances $x_t^{usr}$ and system utterances $x_t^{sys}$ are fed into a user encoder and a system encoder separately to obtain encoder hidden states $h_{i}^{usr}$ and $h_{i}^{sys}$ . The attention distributions and context vectors are calculated as described in section SECREF1. In order to merge these two encoders in our framework, the decoder's hidden state $s_0$ is initialized as:
We integrate semantic slot scaffold by performing delexicalization on original dialogs. Delexicalization is a common pre-processing step in dialog modeling. Specifically, delexicalization replaces the slot values with its semantic slot name(e.g. replace 18:00 with [time]). It is easier for the language modeling to process delexicalized texts, as they have a reduced vocabulary size. But these generated sentences lack the semantic information due to the delexicalization. Some previous dialog system research ignored this issue BIBREF30 or completed single delexicalized utterance BIBREF31 as generated response. We propose to perform delexicalization in dialog summary, since delexicalized utterances can simplify dialog modeling. We fill the generated templates with slots with the copy and pointing mechanism.
We integrate dialog domain scaffold through a multi-task framework. Dialog domain indicates different conversation task content, for example, booking hotel, restaurant and taxi in MultiWOZ dataset. Generally, the content in different domains varies so multi-domain task summarization is more difficult than single-domain. We include domain classification as the auxiliary task to incorporate the prior that different domains have different content. Feedback from the domain classification task provides domain specific information for the encoder to learn better representations. For domain classification, we feed the concatenated encoder hidden state through a binary classifier with two linear layers, producing domain probability $d$. The $i^{th}$ element $d_i$ in $d$ represents the probability of the $i^{th}$ domain:
Our encoder-decoder framework employs separate encoding for different speakers in the dialog. User utterances $x_t^{usr}$ and system utterances $x_t^{sys}$ are fed into a user encoder and a system encoder separately to obtain encoder hidden states $h_{i}^{usr}$ and $h_{i}^{sys}$ .
We integrate semantic slot scaffold by performing delexicalization on original dialogs. Delexicalization is a common pre-processing step in dialog modeling.
We integrate dialog domain scaffold through a multi-task framework. Dialog domain indicates different conversation task content, for example, booking hotel, restaurant and taxi in MultiWOZ dataset.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* Our encoder-decoder framework employs separate encoding for different speakers in the dialog.
* We integrate semantic slot scaffold by performing delexicalization on original dialogs.
* We integrate dialog domain scaffold through a multi-task framework.
Question: From the passage provided, extract the alternative name of Lætitia Sadier.
Evidence: Lætitia Sadier (born 6 May 1968, sometimes known as Seaya Sadier) is a French musician, best known as a founding member of the London-based avant-pop band Stereolab. In 1996, while Stereolab was still active, she formed the side project Monade. In 2009 – the same year Stereolab became inactive – she ended the Monade project and began to perform solo work under her own name; her current band is known as the Lætitia Sadier Source Ensemble. She has frequently performed guest vocals and collaborations with other artists.
Answer: Lætitia Sadier also goes by Seaya Sadier.
Question: what lexical features did they experiment with?
Evidence: General lexical features are often used in natural language processing as they are somewhat task-independent and reasonably effective in terms of classification accuracy. In our experiments, we used TF.IDF-based features over the title and over the content of the article we wanted to classify. We had these features twice – once for the title and once for the the content of the article, as we wanted to have two different representations of the same article. Thus, we used a total of 1,100 TF.IDF-weighted features (800 content + 300 title), limiting the vocabulary to the top 800 and 300 words, respectively (which occurred in more than five articles). We should note that TF.IDF features should be used with caution as they may not remain relevant over time or in different contexts without retraining.
In our experiments, we used TF.IDF-based features over the title and over the content of the article we wanted to classify. We had these features twice – once for the title and once for the the content of the article, as we wanted to have two different representations of the same article. Thus, we used a total of 1,100 TF.IDF-weighted features (800 content + 300 title), limiting the vocabulary to the top 800 and 300 words, respectively (which occurred in more than five articles).
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* TF.IDF-based features
Question: How many rounds are played in a professional golf tournament?
Answer: Four rounds are played in a professional golf tournament.
Question: Given a reference text about the 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night, tell me who won the best actor award.
Evidence: The 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night was held on May 6, 1988 at the Manila Hotel Fiesta Pavilion in the Philippines, honoring the best films of 1987.

Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig won the most awards with four wins including the most coveted FAMAS Award for Best Picture Three people were elevated to the "Hall Of Fame" status after winning their respective categories five times. They were Fernando Poe Jr. for best actor, Augusto Salvador for editing and George Canseco for musical score. This is the second time for Canseco who was earlier inducted to the Hall of Fame for winning five time in the Theme Song Category.
Answer: Fernando Poe Jr. won the best actor award at the 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night.
Question: Which regions of the United States do they consider?
Evidence: FLOAT SELECTED: Fig 5. (A) The average verb regularization fraction by county for the lower 48 states, along with (B) residuals and (C) Gi� z-score. A higher Gi� z-score means a county has a greater regularization fraction than expected. Counties colored black did not have enough data. We used the dataset in row (IV) of Table 1.
FLOAT SELECTED: Fig 5. (A) The average verb regularization fraction by county for the lower 48 states, along with (B) residuals and (C) Gi� z-score. A higher Gi� z-score means a county has a greater regularization fraction than expected. Counties colored black did not have enough data. We used the dataset in row (IV) of Table 1.
Answer: all regions except those that are colored black
Question: Over which datasets/corpora is this work evaluated?
Evidence: We conduct our experiments on $\sim $ 8.7M annotated anonymised user utterances. They are annotated and derived from requests across 23 domains.
We conduct our experiments on $\sim $ 8.7M annotated anonymised user utterances. They are annotated and derived from requests across 23 domains.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* $\sim $ 8.7M annotated anonymised user utterances
Question: Which player has scored the most world cup goals?
Answer: After playing in four different World Cup editions, Germany's Miroslav Klose currently holds the record for most goals scored in the competition's history. Klos scored 16 times across the 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014 tournaments combined, at an average of 0.67 goals per game.
Question: How do I get better at bouldering?
Answer: Usually the best way at getting better at bouldering is to boulder as much as you can. You can check out youtube videos of some techniques to practice while on the wall and trying routes above your current grade for fun.
Question: Classify these as things you need to peel in order to eat or things that you don't need to peel: orange, apple, oats, banana, potato
Answer: orange: peel, apple: don't peel, oats: don't peel, banana: peel, potato: don't peel
Question: How does the method measure the impact of the event on market prices?
Evidence: We also did a qualitative study on the Starbucks (SBUX) stock movement during this event. Figure FIGREF12 is the daily percentage change of SBUX and NASDAQ index between April 11th and April 20th. SBUX did not follow the upward trend of the whole market before April 17th, and then its change on April 20th, INLINEFORM0 , is quite significant from historical norms. We collected the historical 52 week stock prices prior to this event and calculated the daily stock price change. The distribution of the daily price change of the previous 52 weeks is Figure FIGREF13 with a mean INLINEFORM1 and standard deviation INLINEFORM2 . The INLINEFORM3 down almost equals to two standard deviations below the mean. Our observation is that plausibly, there was a negative aftereffect from the event of the notable decline in Starbucks stock price due to the major public relations crisis.
We also did a qualitative study on the Starbucks (SBUX) stock movement during this event. Figure FIGREF12 is the daily percentage change of SBUX and NASDAQ index between April 11th and April 20th. SBUX did not follow the upward trend of the whole market before April 17th, and then its change on April 20th, INLINEFORM0 , is quite significant from historical norms. We collected the historical 52 week stock prices prior to this event and calculated the daily stock price change. The distribution of the daily price change of the previous 52 weeks is Figure FIGREF13 with a mean INLINEFORM1 and standard deviation INLINEFORM2 . 
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* We collected the historical 52 week stock prices prior to this event and calculated the daily stock price change. The distribution of the daily price change of the previous 52 weeks is Figure FIGREF13 with a mean INLINEFORM1 and standard deviation INLINEFORM2 .
Question: How many full-length "The X-Files" movies are there?
Answer: Two: "The X-Files: Fight the Future" and "The X-Files: I Want to Believe"
Question: From the passage provided, extract the names of the co-founders of Hadoop. Separate them with a comma.
Evidence: According to its co-founders, Doug Cutting and Mike Cafarella, the genesis of Hadoop was the Google File System paper that was published in October 2003. This paper spawned another one from Google – "MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters". Development started on the Apache Nutch project, but was moved to the new Hadoop subproject in January 2006. Doug Cutting, who was working at Yahoo! at the time, named it after his son's toy elephant. The initial code that was factored out of Nutch consisted of about 5,000 lines of code for HDFS and about 6,000 lines of code for MapReduce.

In March 2006, Owen O'Malley was the first committer to add to the Hadoop project; Hadoop 0.1.0 was released in April 2006. It continues to evolve through contributions that are being made to the project. The very first design document for the Hadoop Distributed File System was written by Dhruba Borthakur in 2007.
Answer: Doug Cutting, Mike Cafarella
Question: What is Schalke 04 famous for?
Evidence: Fußballclub Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V., commonly known as FC Schalke 04 (German: [ɛf tseː ˈʃalkə nʊl fiːɐ̯] (listen)), Schalke 04 (German: [ˌʃalkə nʊl ˈfiːɐ̯] (listen)), or abbreviated as S04 (German: [ˈɛs nʊl fiːɐ̯] (listen)), is a professional German football and multi-sports club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The "04" in the club's name derives from its formation in 1904. Schalke have been one of the most popular professional football teams in Germany, even though the club's heyday was in the 1930s and 1940s. Schalke have played in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system, since 2022, following promotion from the 2. Bundesliga in 2021–22. As of 2022, the club has 160,000 members, making it the second-largest football club in Germany and the fourth-largest club in the world in terms of membership. Other activities offered by the club include athletics, basketball, handball, table tennis, winter sports and eSports.
Answer: FC Schalke 04 (full name Fußballclub Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V. ) is a German football and multi-sports club that was founded in 1904 in Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The club won seven times the German Championship, five times the German Cup / DFB-Pokal and 1997 the UEFA-CUP, when it beat Inter Milan in the finals. The club receives from football fans all over the world renown for its youth academy, which constantly develops famous players. Benedikt Höwedes, Manuel Neuer and Mesut Özil, who won the World Cup with Germany in 2014, were formed in the Schalke 04 youth academy. Since 2011 the youth academy is called Knappenschmiede in reference to the mining industry that was very strong in the past in the area of Western Germany. A Knappe is a miner after completion of his apprenticeship.
Question: What's the input representation of OpenIE tuples into the model?
Evidence: Our training method in sec:ours could potentially be used with any probabilistic open IE model, since we make no assumptions about the model and only the likelihood of the extraction is required for iterative rank-aware learning. As a concrete instantiation in our experiments, we use RnnOIE BIBREF3 , BIBREF9 , a stacked BiLSTM with highway connections BIBREF10 , BIBREF11 and recurrent dropout BIBREF12 . Input of the model is the concatenation of word embedding and another embedding indicating whether this word is predicate: $ \mathbf {x}_t = [\mathbf {W}_{\text{emb}}(w_t), \mathbf {W}_{\text{mask}}(w_t = v)]. $
Input of the model is the concatenation of word embedding and another embedding indicating whether this word is predicate: $ \mathbf {x}_t = [\mathbf {W}_{\text{emb}}(w_t), \mathbf {W}_{\text{mask}}(w_t = v)]. $
Answer: word embeddings
Question: Based on this paragraph, who was Donald Trump's physician during 2018 to 2021?
Evidence: Sean Patrick Conley (born 1980) is an American physician and United States Navy officer who served as the Physician to the President from 2018 to 2021. Conley served as physician to president Donald Trump during the COVID-19 pandemic, often serving as the president's medical advisor, and treating the president when he tested positive for COVID-19.
Answer: Sean Patrick Conley
Question: Categorize each of the following as a golf term or soccer term: slice, nutmeg, goal, stroke, putt, drive, tackle, striker.
Answer: Golf: slice, stroke, putt, drive
Soccer: nutmeg, goal, tackle, striker
Question: What was Lieutenant Columbo's catch phrase on his TV show?
Answer: Columbo frequently said "just one more thing" in episodes of the show.
Question: Classify each tree as an evergreen or fruit tree: Blue Spruce, Jack Pine, Sweet Cherry, Coconut, Mountain Hemlock.
Answer: Blue Spruce, Jack Pine, and Mountain Hemlock are all evergreen trees. Sweet Cherry and Coconut trees are fruit trees.
Question: From the passage provided, extract the year Apache Software Foundation was incorporated on.
Evidence: The Apache Software Foundation /əˈpætʃi/ (ASF) is an American nonprofit corporation (classified as a 501(c)(3) organization in the United States) to support a number of open source software projects. The ASF was formed from a group of developers of the Apache HTTP Server, and incorporated on March 25, 1999. As of 2021, it includes approximately 1000 members.

The Apache Software Foundation is a decentralized open source community of developers. The software they produce is distributed under the terms of the Apache License, a permissive open-source license for free and open-source software (FOSS). The Apache projects are characterized by a collaborative, consensus-based development process and an open and pragmatic software license, which is to say that it allows developers who receive the software freely, to re-distribute it under nonfree terms. Each project is managed by a self-selected team of technical experts who are active contributors to the project. The ASF is a meritocracy, implying that membership of the foundation is granted only to volunteers who have actively contributed to Apache projects. The ASF is considered a second generation open-source organization,[citation needed] in that commercial support is provided without the risk of platform lock-in.

Among the ASF's objectives are: to provide legal protection to volunteers working on Apache projects; to prevent the Apache brand name from being used by other organizations without permission.

The ASF also holds several ApacheCon conferences each year, highlighting Apache projects and related technology.
Answer: Apache Software Foundation was incorporated on March 25, 1999
Question: Create an itinerary for 3 days in Park City Utah that is good for children and adults. Include hotels, food options, one day of skiing and activities.
Answer: Ok, here are three days for a family trip to Park city.

Day one:

- Go grocery shopping at Whole Food Market to pick up snacks, and food for lunches.
- Pick up rental skiing at Christy's for all adults and children whole are skiing.
- Eat dinner at River Horse Tavern on Main street.

Day two:
- Go skiing at Park City Resort. Purchase day passes in person or pre-purchase Epic passes online.
- Stop with the kids at Rocky Mountain Chocolate Company for a treat.
- Eat dinner at High Saloon on Park Avenue.

Day three:
- Go to Park City Library which has a kids' section.
- Shop at galleries, thrift stores, or gift shops on Main Street.
- Eat dinner at Butcher House Chops and Grill.