DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: How do I learn how to code?
Answer: Starting to code can be easy and fun. A common path is to enroll into a higher education institution which often have rigorous curricula which will equip you with the fundamentals. 

University education may be inaccessible to some, so online learning is also a good choice. An example step-by-step guide:

1. Try to identify why you want to learn. Do you want to build a mobile app? Or a website? Learn how to do data analysis? Or just general curiousity. 
2. Depending on your answer you should pick a starter programming language. Popular starting programming languages include: 
    * Java (useful if you're interested in mobile apps)
    * Python (excellent for data analysis and a good general purpose language)
    * JavaScript (great for website building)
3. Find an online starter tutorial for your language of choice. A quick internet search should come up with a few. A good alternative are so-called MOOCs (massive open online course). Some examples of this are Georgia Tech, CalTech, CodeAcademy's courses, Coursera and many others.
4. Once completed, consider your goal from step 1. Search for a course that focuses on the practical applications which interest you the most.
5. Look for books or online sources for your application of choice. O'Reilly Publishing has a great set of books on all matter of technical subjects.
6. Once you've completed the basics - try out a side project.
7. After this you should have a good grasp on the basics in your area of choice. Consider exploring and going broader or looking into more advanced topics.
Question: Pulitzer Prize 2022 was given for the coverage of the
Answer: Covid-19 crisis in India
Question: What other solutions do they compare to?
Evidence: We evaluate the performance of our proposed method based on two evaluation criteria EM and F1 for the MC tasks. We compare our model with other strong competitive methods on the SQuAD leaderboard and TriviaQA leaderboard.
We compare our model with other strong competitive methods on the SQuAD leaderboard and TriviaQA leaderboard.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
*  strong competitive methods on the SQuAD leaderboard and TriviaQA leaderboard
Question: Extract all the different ways to describe dolls from these passages
Evidence: Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyed giving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy dolls were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company. He was unenthusiastic about the idea, as were Mattel's directors.

During a trip to Europe in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across a German toy doll called Bild Lilli. The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Bild. Lilli was a blonde bombshell, a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became popular with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately.
Answer: paper dolls, infants, adult-bodied doll, adult-figured doll
Question: Given a reference text about the Battle of Baghaur, tell me who was in the battle and who won.
Evidence: The Battle of Baghaur was fought between the Sikh forces led by Guru Gobind Singh and the Baghaur forces led by Shiv Partap at Rajasthan.

Background
Daya Singh and Dharam Singh were sent to the embassy of Aurangzeb to send a letter written by Guru Gobind Singh called the Zafarnama. Aurangzeb was moved by the letter and invited the Guru. At Baghaur in Rajasthan, Daya Singh and Dharam Singh met the guru. There he also heard the news that Aurangzeb had died in his camp at Ahmadnagar. The residents were, for some unknown reason, scared from the Guru and planned to attack him. They were mainly terrified of the Guru's caravan which is what made the Guru store it somewhere for a few days. A few days had passed and the Sikhs went on to check the caravan camels. They had gone missing. They had consumed orchard trees, which made a gardener confiscate them. He further beat up the camel driver and took him hostage.

Battle
After the camel incident, 15 Sikhs went in and attempted to negotiate the release of the camels and the driver. The gardener refused and the Sikhs fought. This led to state soldiers launching a counterattack and a battle ensued which lasted 2 days long. Many casualties occurred during this period of time. The Sikhs had successfully plundered the city but the fort still remained. As the fight entered the third day, Dharam Singh with the Sikhs made a dash and kept fighting and killing everyone. Peace was proclaimed but on the day the Raja arrived, the hostilities continued. Dharam Singh killed the rajas command-in-chief while the guru finished the raja himself. The Raja's force made a complete surrender which resulted in a Sikh victory.
Answer: The Sikh forces defeated Baghaur forces in the Battle of Baghaur.
Question: Who invented SQL?
Answer: SQL was invented by Don Chamberlain at IBM early in the 1970s. It was originally named SEQUEL, which is why to this day, SQL is generally pronounced as "sequel".
Question: What does yoga do to your body?
Answer: Yoga is a sophisticated system of self empowerment that is capable of harnessing and activating inner energies in such a way that our body and mind function in optimal capacity.  It is a means to create inner situations exactly the way you want them, turning you into architect of your own joy. A person who  practice yoga regularly lives in an expansive state.
Question: What is the size of the second dataset?
Evidence: The two datasets used for the challenge are Friends and EmotionPush, part of the EmotionLines corpus BIBREF4. The datasets contain English-language dialogues of varying lengths. For the competition, we provided 1,000 labeled dialogues from each dataset for training, and 240 unlabeled dialogues from each dataset for evaluation. The Friends dialogues are scripts taken from the American TV sitcom (1994-2004). The EmotionPush dialogues are from Facebook Messenger chats by real users which have been anonymized to ensure user privacy. For both datasets, dialogue lengths range from 5 to 24 lines each. A breakdown of the lengths of the dialogues is shown in Table .
For the competition, we provided 1,000 labeled dialogues from each dataset for training, and 240 unlabeled dialogues from each dataset for evaluation. 
Answer: 1 000 labeled dialogues for training and 240 unlabeled dialogues for evaluation
Question: What accuracy do they approach with their proposed method?
Evidence: Accordingly to the Table 2 , 43% of testing questions from VQA dataset cannot find the proper basic questions from VQA training and validation datasets, and there are some failed examples about this case in Table 6 . We also discover that a lot of questions in VQA training and validation datasets are almost the same. This issue reduces the diversity of basic question dataset. Although we only have 57% of testing questions can benefit from the basic questions, our method still can improve the state-of-the-art accuracy BIBREF7 from 60.32% to 60.34%, referring to Table 4 and 5 . Then, we have 142093 testing questions, so that means the number of correctly answering questions of our method is more than state-of-the-art method 28 questions. In other words, if we have well enough basic question dataset, we can increase accuracy more, especially in the counting-type question, referring to Table 4 and 5 . Because the Co-Attention Mechanism is good at localizing, the counting-type question is improved more than others. So, based on our experiment, we can conclude that basic question can help accuracy obviously.
our method still can improve the state-of-the-art accuracy BIBREF7 from 60.32% to 60.34%
Although we only have 57% of testing questions can benefit from the basic questions, our method still can improve the state-of-the-art accuracy BIBREF7 from 60.32% to 60.34%, 
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* our method still can improve the state-of-the-art accuracy BIBREF7 from 60.32% to 60.34%
Question: List down some key points about jewel diamond from given text
Evidence: Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon at room temperature and pressure, but diamond is metastable and converts to it at a negligible rate under those conditions. Diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any natural material, properties that are used in major industrial applications such as cutting and polishing tools. They are also the reason that diamond anvil cells can subject materials to pressures found deep in the Earth.
Answer: 1.	With its atoms grouped in what is known as a diamond cubic crystal structure, diamond is a solid form of the element carbon.
2.	The chemically stable form of carbon at room temperature and pressure is another solid form of carbon known as graphite, but diamond is metastable and only slightly converts to it under those conditions.
3.	Because of its superior hardness and thermal conductivity compared to other natural materials, diamond is frequently employed in high-tech industrial products like cutting and polishing equipment.
4.	They also allow materials to be subjected to pressures observed at great depths in the Earth in diamond anvil cells.
Question: What *isn't* the meaning of life?
Answer: There are many philosophies around what the meaning of life is, and isn't. There is no right or wrong answer, and the answers that exist will vary widely across people and cultures. That said, it's often said that life isn't about becoming famous or amassing wealth.
Question: Which community of users on Twitter has the most 8-dollar-a-month verification?
Answer: From my limited experience, it's the bitcoin bros who are the most willing to pay Elon Musk 8 dollars a month for the useless verification blue check mark. What a double whammy!
Question: What are the three extractors available they find?
Evidence: Nowadays, a large amount of information is produced and shared in unstructured form, mostly unstructured text BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 . This information can be exploited in decision making processes but, to be useful, it should be transformed and presented in ways that make its intrinsic knowledge more readily intelligible. For that, we need efficient methods and tools that quickly extract useful information from unstructured text collections. Such demand can be observed, for instance, in Biology, where researchers, in order to be abreast of all developments, need to analyse new biomedical literature on a daily basis BIBREF2 . Another application is on fraud and corruption studies where the network information — the set of actors and their relationships — is implicitly stored in unstructured natural-language documents BIBREF3 . Hence, text mining and information extraction are required to pre-process the texts in order to extract the entities and the relations between them.
Information extraction is a challenging task mainly due to the ambiguous features of natural-language. Moreover, most tools need to be adapted to different human languages and to different domains BIBREF4 . In fact, the language of the processed texts is still the decisive factor when choosing among existing information extraction technologies. This is also true for the task of entity extraction (Named Entity Recognition - NER).
For several reasons, text mining tools are typically first developed for English and only afterwards extended to other languages. Thus, there are still relatively few text mining tools for Portuguese and even less that are freely accessible. In particular, for the named entities recognition task in Portuguese texts, we find three extractors available: Alchemy, Zemanta and Rembrandt BIBREF5 . We also find some studies where the measures ( INLINEFORM0 , INLINEFORM1 and INLINEFORM2 ) for those extractors are computed and compared BIBREF6 , but their comparative effectiveness remains domain and final purpose dependent.
In this work, we present PAMPO (PAttern Matching and POs tagging based algorithm for NER), a new method to automatically extract named entities from unstructured texts, applicable to the Portuguese language but potentially adaptable to other languages as well. The method relies on flexible pattern matching, part-of-speech tagging and lexical-based rules. All steps are implemented using free software and taking advantage of various existing packages.
The process has been developed using as case-study a specific book written in Portuguese, but it has since been used in other applications and successfully tested in different text collections. In this paper, we describe the evaluation procedures on independent textual collections, and produce a comparative study of PAMPO with other existing tools for NER.
In particular, for the named entities recognition task in Portuguese texts, we find three extractors available: Alchemy, Zemanta and Rembrandt .
Answer: Alchemy, Zemanta and Rembrandt.
Question: What models does their probabilistic model contain?
Evidence: This section introduces our probabilistic model that infers keyword expectation and trains the target model simultaneously. We start by formalizing the problem and introducing our model, before describing the model learning method.
Problem Formalization. We consider the problem at iteration $t$ where the corresponding keyword is $w^{(t)}$. In the current iteration, let $\mathcal {U}^{(t)} \subset \mathcal {U}$ denote the set of all microposts containing the keyword and $\mathcal {M}^{(t)}= \lbrace x_{m}\rbrace _{m=1}^M\subset \mathcal {U}^{(t)}$ be the randomly selected subset of $M$ microposts labeled by $N$ crowd workers $\mathcal {C} = \lbrace c_n\rbrace _{n=1}^N$. The annotations form a matrix $\mathbf {A}\in \mathbb {R}^{M\times N}$ where $\mathbf {A}_{mn}$ is the label for the micropost $x_m$ contributed by crowd worker $c_n$. Our goal is to infer the keyword-specific expectation $e^{(t)}$ and train the target model by learning the model parameter $\theta ^{(t)}$. An additional parameter of our probabilistic model is the reliability of crowd workers, which is essential when involving crowdsourcing. Following Dawid and Skene BIBREF14, BIBREF16, we represent the annotation reliability of worker $c_n$ by a latent confusion matrix $\pi ^{(n)}$, where the $rs$-th element $\pi _{rs}^{(n)}$ denotes the probability of $c_n$ labeling a micropost as class $r$ given the true class $s$.
Our proposed probabilistic model contains the target model (on the left) and the generative model for crowdcontributed labels (on the right), connected by keywordspecific expectation.
Answer: The target model (on the left) and the generative model for crowdcontributed labels (on the right).
Question: What is Area 51 and what makes it famous?
Evidence: Area 51 is the common name of a highly classified United States Air Force (USAF) facility within the Nevada Test and Training Range. A remote detachment administered by Edwards Air Force Base, the facility is officially called Homey Airport (ICAO: KXTA, FAA LID: XTA) or Groom Lake (after the salt flat next to its airfield). Details of its operations are not made public, but the USAF says that it is an open training range, and it is commonly thought to support the development and testing of experimental aircraft and weapons systems. The intense secrecy surrounding the base has made it the frequent subject of conspiracy theories and a central component of unidentified flying object (UFO) folklore.
Answer: Area 51 is a facility in Nevada operated by the United States government. The origin of the name is unknown. It's believed its primary purpose is to develop and test aircraft and weapons. However, in recent years and decades, Area 51 has become famous and synonymous in pop culture with conspiracy theories, especially ones involving UFOs. It requires extremely high levels of government clearance to access Area 51. Thus, the mystery of its operations still remains.
Question: Which two U.S. states don’t observe Daylight Saving Time?
Answer: Arizona and Hawaii.
Question: What is the most likely solution to fermi's paradox
Answer: This is highly debatable topic and there are several solutions to the Fermi's paradox.However the great filter seems to be the one which has high probabilities than other. in the Great Filter scenario, something occurs to civilization at some point of their lifetime that cause termination and extinction. it is not clear so far what that event could be, and whether it is man-made or form outside.
Question: What is High-functioning autism?
Evidence: High-functioning autism (HFA) is an autism classification where a person exhibits no intellectual disability but may show deficits in communication, emotion recognition and expression, and social interaction.HFA is not included in the American Psychological Association's DSM-5 or the World Health Organization's ICD-10, subdividing autism based on intellectual capabilities. High-functioning autism is characterised by features similar to those of Asperger syndrome. The defining characteristic psychologists recognise there is a significant delay in developing early speech and language skills before three years. The diagnostic criteria of Asperger syndrome exclude a general language delay.

Other differences in features of people with high-functioning autism from those with Asperger syndrome include the following:

Lower verbal reasoning ability
Better visual/spatial skills (Being uniquely artistically talented)
Less deviating locomotion (e.g. clumsiness)
Problems functioning independently
Curiosity and interest in many different things
Not as good at empathising with other people
Male to female ratio (4:1) is much smaller

As of 2013, Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism are no longer terms the American Psychological Association uses and have been merged into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As of 2021, the World Health Organization also retired the terms and merged them into autism spectrum disorder.
Answer: High-functioning autism (HFA) is an autism classification where a person exhibits no intellectual disability but may show deficits in communication, emotion recognition and expression, and social interaction. High-functioning autism is characterised by features similar to those of Asperger syndrome. The defining characteristic psychologists recognise there is a significant delay in developing early speech and language skills before three years. The diagnostic criteria of Asperger syndrome exclude a general language delay.
Question: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Procoptodon, Polar Bear
Answer: Polar Bear is alive, Procoptodon is extinct.
Question: What are 3 things to consider when picking a mountain to ski at?
Answer: Here are 3 things you should consider when picking a mountain visit: 
* Skill level - some mountains have runs that are better suited toward beginners or experts.
* Conditions - some mountains might have gotten better or worse snow throughout the season. Weather can vary widely as well on any given day, so be sure to check ahead of time. 
* Budget - the prices of ski lift tickets and ski gear can vary widely, check to see if each mountain fits your criteria to have a good day on the slopes.
Question: Name 5 movies directed by Quentin Tarantino
Answer: Reservoir Dogs
Pulp Fiction
Kill Bill
Inglourious Basterds
Django Unchained
Question: What is the latest paper covered by this survey?
Evidence: FLOAT SELECTED: Table 2: Existing NQG models with their best-reported performance on SQuAD. Legend: QW: question word generation, PC: paragraph-level context, CP: copying mechanism, LF: linguistic features, PG: policy gradient.
FLOAT SELECTED: Table 2: Existing NQG models with their best-reported performance on SQuAD. Legend: QW: question word generation, PC: paragraph-level context, CP: copying mechanism, LF: linguistic features, PG: policy gradient.
Answer: Kim et al. (2019)
Question: From this paragraph, what are indicators that Singapore's healthcare system performs well?
Evidence: Singapore has a generally efficient healthcare system, even though health expenditures are relatively low for developed countries. The World Health Organisation ranks Singapore's healthcare system as 6th overall in the world in its World Health Report. Singapore has had the lowest infant mortality rates in the world for the past two decades. In 2019, Singaporeans had the longest life expectancy of any country at 84.8 years. Women can expect to live an average of 87.6 years with 75.8 years in good health. The averages are lower for men. Singapore is ranked 1st on the Global Food Security Index.
Answer: For the last two decades, Singapore has had the world's lowest infant mortality rates. Additionally, in 2019, Singapore had the world's longest life expectancy.
Question: How can a technical expert identify a business use case?
Answer: Often enterprises need help when a business user and technical expert try to define a business use case.  A technical expert, in-house or vendor, considers it an engineering problem, while a business user needs it to have a business impact.  Multiple frameworks can help build consensus.  However, an ideal approach will go through these steps.
1. Identify a business outcome.  This is a very high-level outcome that is industry aligned and has no technical description.  An example from the healthcare industry is a 'better patient experience.'
2. List strategies defined by an organisation to deliver these outcomes.  To our example in step 1, one approach is reducing patient wait time when attending a hospital.'
3. Clarify the KPIs and measurements listed in these strategies.  In this example, it can be 'Max patient wait time of 20 mins'. 
4. List business capabilities that can deliver results towards these KPIs.  Here we can think of ways patients can register their details electronically on their own or hospital devices vs paper forms.  Each entry will initiate an automated process to assign the right staff and resources to address patient needs.
5. Build technical capabilities that will deliver above listed business capabilities.  An online form integrated with AI Bot service and workflow automation can reduce time and manual intervention.

These technical capabilities that deliver a business capability towards a business outcome should be considered a 'Business Use Case'.
Question: The music room contains the following instruments: Drums, Violin, Cello, Gong, Viola, Xylophone, Guitar, Ukelele and Piano. You need to put percussion on the left hand side and strings on the right. First, group the instruments into percussion and strings.
Answer: Violin, Cello, Viola, Guitar, Ukelele are string instruments. Piano, Xylophone, Drums, Gong are percussion instruments.
Question: What is TIDB
Evidence: TiDB (/’taɪdiːbi:/, "Ti" stands for Titanium) is an open-source NewSQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional and Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and can provide horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability. It is developed and supported primarily by PingCAP, Inc. and licensed under Apache 2.0. TiDB drew its initial design inspiration from Google's Spanner
Answer: Database developed by PingCap for hybrid transactional and analytical processing