DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: What is the best skill in judo?
Answer: Judo is a martial art, consistency, and dedication should be your doctrine if you want to succeed. In Japan, you could stay white belt for ten years before reaching the first dan grade, which stands for black belt level 1. This could be a bit disappointing for common standards, so in the rest of the world, to encourage practitioners and demonstrate progress, a belt colors system has been created.

Anyone can practice, at any age. Strength is important in competition, but the real spirit would be to rely on using the strength of the opponent, breaking balance with swift movements, and using your body to block, push, rotate, and endless combinations of posture to conclude the movement by a clean and controlled projection.
Question: How are discourse embeddings analyzed?
Evidence: To further study the information encoded in the discourse embeddings, we perform t-SNE clustering BIBREF20 on them, using the best performing model CNN2-DE (global). We examine the closest neighbors of each embedding, and observe that similar discourse relations tend to go together (e.g., explanation and interpretation; consequence and result). Some examples are given in Table TABREF29 . However, it is unclear how this pattern helps improve classification performance. We intend to investigate this question in future work.
To further study the information encoded in the discourse embeddings, we perform t-SNE clustering BIBREF20 on them, using the best performing model CNN2-DE (global).
Answer: They perform t-SNE clustering to analyze discourse embeddings
Question: What is the project management approach that have a serious of distinct steps?
Evidence: There are five phases to a project lifecycle; known as process groups. Each process group represents a series of inter-related processes to manage the work through a series of distinct steps to be completed. This type of project approach is often referred to as "traditional" or "waterfall". The five process groups are:

Typical development phases of an engineering project
Initiating
Planning
Executing
Monitoring and Controlling
Closing

Some industries may use variations of these project stages and rename them to better suit the organization. For example, when working on a brick-and-mortar design and construction, projects will typically progress through stages like pre-planning, conceptual design, schematic design, design development, construction drawings (or contract documents), and construction administration.

While the phased approach works well for small, well-defined projects, it often results in challenge or failure on larger projects, or those that are more complex or have more ambiguities, issues, and risks
Answer: The waterfall, sometimes called traditional, approach is the project management approach that has a series of related processes.
Question: What kind of publisher is the American Fantasy Press
Evidence: American Fantasy Press is a science fiction/fantasy/horror specialty press owned and operated by Robert T. Garcia and Nancy Garcia. Located in Woodstock, Illinois, the press has published: The first U.S. hardcover edition of Dennis Etchison's Darkside (A 10th anniversary edition); the chapbook edition of The Man on the Ceiling by Steve Rasnic and Melanie Tem, the chapbook of A Walking Tour of the Shambles by Neil Gaiman and Gene Wolfe, the first U.S. hardcover edition of Michael Moorcock's The Dreamthief's Daughter (a signed, limited edition), the chapbook The Broecker Sampler, featuring the artwork of Randy Broecker, a broadsheet of Jo Fletcher's poem Midnight Monster illustrated by Gahan Wilson, and the first hardcover edition of the Mary Frances Zambreno's short story collection Invisible Pleasures. It published the fantasy short story collection by Mike Resnick, Stalking the Zombie which features his hard-boiled detective John J. Mallory in an alternate Manhattan. In 2015, the press published The Collectors' Book of Virgil Finlay, by Robert Weinberg, Douglas Ellis and AF publisher Robert Garcia.
Answer: American Fantasy Press is a science fiction/fantasy/horror specialty press owned and operated by Robert T. Garcia and Nancy Garcia. 

Located in Woodstock, Illinois, the press has published: The first U.S. hardcover edition of Dennis Etchison's Darkside (A 10th anniversary edition); the chapbook edition of The Man on the Ceiling by Steve Rasnic and Melanie Tem, the chapbook of A Walking Tour of the Shambles by Neil Gaiman and Gene Wolfe, the first U.S. hardcover edition of Michael Moorcock's The Dreamthief's Daughter (a signed, limited edition), the chapbook The Broecker Sampler, featuring the artwork of Randy Broecker, a broadsheet of Jo Fletcher's poem Midnight Monster illustrated by Gahan Wilson, and the first hardcover edition of the Mary Frances Zambreno's short story collection Invisible Pleasures. 

It published the fantasy short story collection by Mike Resnick, Stalking the Zombie which features his hard-boiled detective John J. Mallory in an alternate Manhattan. In 2015, the press published The Collectors' Book of Virgil Finlay, by Robert Weinberg, Douglas Ellis and AF publisher Robert Garcia.
Question: How many languages are involved in the training of the LangID-Adapted and NoLangID-Adapted models?
Evidence: We train the LangID and NoLangID versions of our model each on three subsets of the Wiktionary data:
LangID-High and NoLangID-High: Trained on data from the 85 languages for which BIBREF13 used non-adapted wFST models.
LangID-Adapted and NoLangID-Adapted: Trained on data from any of the 229 languages for which they built adapted models. Because many of these languages had no training data at all, the model is actually only trained on data in 157 languages. As is noted above, the Adapted set omits 23 languages which are in the High test set.
LangID-All and NoLangID-All: Trained on data in all 311 languages in the Wiktionary training corpus.
In order to ease comparison to Deri and Knight's system, we limited our use of the training corpus to 10,000 words per language. We set aside 10 percent of the data in each language for validation, so the maximum number of training words for any language is 9000 for our systems.
LangID-Adapted and NoLangID-Adapted: Trained on data from any of the 229 languages for which they built adapted models. Because many of these languages had no training data at all, the model is actually only trained on data in 157 languages. As is noted above, the Adapted set omits 23 languages which are in the High test set.
Answer: 157 languages.
Question: What happens when you bring flammable objects closer to a fire source or extreme heat?
Answer: Flammable objects can become inflamed when placed on or near a fire source or extreme heat.  Its recommended to keep flammable objects far away from heat sources.
Question: Give me a list of 3 hobbies that are good for your health and inexpensive
Answer: 1. Long-distance running - Long-distance running is good for heart health and also mental health.

2. Hiking - Going for a hike can be a great way to clear your head and improve your fitness. Hiking is almost always free, but some parks can have an entry fee.

3. Walking - Not only is walking good for your heart, it can also help you to manage stress
Question: Where are the images relating to sports from?
Evidence: This section demonstrates how we constructed our new Vietnamese dataset. The dataset consists of 3,850 images relating to sports played with balls from 2017 edition of Microsoft COCO. Similar to most Image Captioning datasets, we provide five Vietnamese captions for each image, summing up to 19,250 captions in total.
The dataset consists of 3,850 images relating to sports played with balls from 2017 edition of Microsoft COCO.
Answer: They are from 2017 edition of Microsoft COCO.
Question: What is Forest Park (Springfield, MA)?
Evidence: Forest Park in Springfield, Massachusetts, is one of the largest urban, municipal parks in the United States, covering 735 acres (297 ha) of land overlooking the Connecticut River. Forest Park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, and outdoor amphitheater, in addition to design elements like winding wooded trails, and surprising, expansive views. The site of America's first public, municipal swimming pool, currently, during the holiday months Forest Park hosts a popular high-tech lighting display, known as Bright Nights. Contrary to popular belief, the park was not designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.
Answer: Forest Park is an urban park in Springfield, MA.  It covers 735 acres and overlooks the Connecticut River.  The park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, an outdoor amphitheater, as well as winding wooded trails and expansive views.  Forest Park is the site of the first public municipal swimming pool in the US.  During holiday months it hosts a high-tech lighting display known as Bright Nights.
Question: What is the difference between a refractor telescope and a reflector telescope?
Answer: A refractor telescope uses lenses to focus the light into an image where a reflector telescope uses mirrors. Reflector telescopes are generally better for visual viewing of brighter celestial objects like the moon or planets and can collect more light due to their larger apertures. Refractor telescopes provide better contrast and image quality but collect less light which makes them more suitable for astrophotography where exposure time can be adjusted to compensate.
Question: Is caffeine good for mental health?
Answer: Anything less than 400 mg of caffeine is reasonably good. Over consumption may lead to insomnia, shakiness and palpitations in excessive consumption scenarios. There are many neuro scientists promoting and encouraging 150 mg of caffeine consumption in a day.
Question: What additional features are proposed for future work?
Evidence: Our current feature set for training a machine learning classifier is relatively small, consisting of paragraph domain scores, bag-of-words, length of stay, and number of previous admissions, but we intend to factor in many additional features that extend beyond the scope of the present study. These include a deeper analysis of clinical narratives in EHRs: our next task will be to extend our EHR data pipeline by distinguishing between clinically positive and negative phenomena within each risk factor domain. This will involve a series of annotation tasks that will allow us to generate lexicon-based and corpus-based sentiment analysis tools. We can then use these clinical sentiment scores to generate a gradient of patient improvement or deterioration over time.
Our current feature set for training a machine learning classifier is relatively small, consisting of paragraph domain scores, bag-of-words, length of stay, and number of previous admissions, but we intend to factor in many additional features that extend beyond the scope of the present study. These include a deeper analysis of clinical narratives in EHRs: our next task will be to extend our EHR data pipeline by distinguishing between clinically positive and negative phenomena within each risk factor domain. This will involve a series of annotation tasks that will allow us to generate lexicon-based and corpus-based sentiment analysis tools. We can then use these clinical sentiment scores to generate a gradient of patient improvement or deterioration over time.
Answer: distinguishing between clinically positive and negative phenomena within each risk factor domain and accounting for structured data collected on the target cohort
Question: What's the difference between a wolf and a dog?
Answer: A dog is a domesticated pet, while a wolf is a wild animal. They both are part of the same species, and share a lot of physical similarities, but at the same time display very different behaviour.
Question: What framework do they exploit?
Evidence: We exploit the nonparametric Bayesian AUD framework in BIBREF10 based on variational inference, rather than the maximum likelihood training in BIBREF4 which may oversimplify the parameter estimations, nor the Gibbs Sampling training in BIBREF17 which is not amenable to large scale applications. Specifically, a phone-loop model is formulated where each phoneme-like unit is modeled as an HMM with a Gaussian mixture model of output densities (GMM-HMM). Under the Dirichlet process framework, we consider the phone loop as an infinite mixture of GMM-HMMs, and the mixture weights are based on the stick-breaking construction of Dirichlet process. The infinite number of units in the mixture is truncated in practice, giving zero mixture weight to any unit beyond some large count. We treat such mixture of GMM-HMMs as a single unified HMM and thus the segmentation of the data is performed using standard forward-backward algorithm. Training is fully unsupervised and parallelized; after a fixed number of training iterations, we use Viterbi decoding algorithm to obtain acoustic unit tokenizations of the data.
We exploit the nonparametric Bayesian AUD framework in [11] based on variational inference, rather than the maximum likelihood training in [5] which may oversimplify the parameter estimations, nor the Gibbs Sampling training in [19] which is not amenable to large scale applications.
Answer: The nonparametric Bayesian AUD framework.
Question: What are the top 7 cities to ride a bicycle?
Answer: Based on the Global Bicycle Index, the top 7 cities for riding a bike are: 
1. Utrecht, Netherlands
2. Munster, Germany
3. Antwerp, Belgium
4. Copenhagen, Denmark
5. Amsterdam, Netherlands
6. Malmö, Sweden
7. Hangzhou, China
Question: Give me a list of the best TV shows that I must watch.
Answer: Everyone has a different taste when it comes to TV shows, but here are some that you should watch:

- Planet Earth (2006)
- Breaking Bad (2008)
- Band of Brothers (2001)
- Chernobyl (2019)
- The Sopranos (1999)
- Game of Thrones (2011)
- Rick and Morty (2013)
- The Office (2005)
- The Last of Us (2023)
- Curb Your Enthusiasm (2000)
- Narcos (2015)
- Dragon Ball Z (1989)
- Rome (2005)
- The Mandalorian (2019)
- Mr. Bean (1990)
- The Queen's Gambit (2020)
Question: Extract all unique clubs Suyash played for from the below text as a bulleted list.
Evidence: Suyash Prabhudessai (born 6 December 1997), is an Indian cricketer from Goa who plays for Goa in domestic matches and for the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League (IPL). He made his List A debut for Goa in the 2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 28 February 2017. He made his first-class debut for Goa in the 2018–19 Ranji Trophy on 20 November 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Goa in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 22 February 2019.

In February 2021, Prabhudessai was bought by the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the IPL auction ahead of the 2021 Indian Premier League. In February 2022, he was bought by the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the auction for the 2022 Indian Premier League tournament.
Answer: * Goa
* Royal Challengers Bangalore
Question: Give an example of places where astronauts are trained?
Evidence: Meteor Crater is a popular tourist destination with roughly 270,000 visitors per year. The crater is owned by a family company, the Barringer Crater Company. Meteor Crater is an important educational and research site. It was used to train Apollo astronauts and continues to be an active training site for astronauts. The Meteor Crater Visitor Center sits on the north rim of the crater. It features interactive exhibits and displays about meteorites and asteroids, space, the Solar System, and comets including the American Astronaut Wall of Fame and such artifacts on display as an Apollo boilerplate command module (BP-29), a 1,406 lb (638 kg) meteorite found in the area, and meteorite specimens from Meteor Crater that can be touched. Formerly known as the Museum of Astrogeology, the Visitor Center includes a Discovery Center & Space Museum, a movie theater, a gift shop, and observation areas with views inside the rim of the crater. Guided tours of the rim are offered daily, weather permitting.
Answer: Meteor Crater a tourist destination is one of the places where astronauts are trained.
Question: Think of a bunch of ways that you could clean a house.
Answer: You can use a Vacuum or bring in a rug cleaner.   You could dust extensively.  You could powerwash the outside of the house.  You could clean the bathrooms with bleach.  You could scrub down all of the kitchen with cleaning supplies.  You could paint the walls.
Question: Is it better to discuss the influence of the number of layers on the performance of the model？
Evidence: We use the PyHessian library (Yao et al., 2020) to calculate the Hessian eigenvalues and the Hessian
Eigen Spectral Density. All the calculations are performed using 50% of the source data at the last
checkpoint. Only the source class loss is used for calculating to clearly illustrate our point. The
partition was selected randomly, and the same partition was used across all the runs. We also made
sure to use the same environment to run all the Hessian experiments. A subset of the data was used
for Hessian calculation mainly because the hessian calculation is computationally expensive (Yao
et al., 2020). This is commonly done in hessian experiments. For example, (Chen et al., 2021) (refer
Appendix D) uses 10% of training data for Hessian Eigenvalue calculation The PyHessian library
uses Lanczos algorithm (Ghorbani et al., 2019) for calculating the Eigen Spectral density of the
Hessian and uses the Hutchinson method to calculate the trace of the Hessian efficiently
Answer: We conduct a sensitivity analysis for the number of layers on the political blogs dataset in Appendix D, and the performance of our method continuously increasing until the layers exceeding four.
Question: Tell me whether these London tourist attractions are free or paid:  The National Gallery, The London Eye, Royal Academy of Arts', Tower of London, St. Dunstan in the East
Answer: The National Gallery - free
The London Eye - paid
Royal Academy of Arts' - free
Tower of London - paid
St. Dunstan in the East - free
Victoria and Albert Museum - free
Science Gallery London - free
Barbican Conservatory - free
Madame Tussauds London - paid
Harry Potter Studios - paid
London Zoo - paid
Question: Which golf tournaments are considered majors in the PGA?
Answer: The Masters, The U.S. Open, The Open Championship and the PGA Championship
Question: List of American films of the 1890s
Answer: List of American films of the 1890s:

1890
- Monkeyshines No. 1
- Monkeyshines No. 2
- Monkeyshines, No. 3
1891
- Dickson Greeting
- Newark Athlete
1893
- Blacksmith Scene
1894
- The Dickson Experimental Sound Film 
- The Barbershop
1896
- Rip's Twenty Years' Sleep
- Dancing Darkies
- McKinley at Home, Canton, Ohio
- The Kiss
1897
- The Corbett-Fitzsimmons Fight
- Peeping Tom
1899
- How Would You Like to Be the Ice Man?
Question: What type of relation sequence representation is commonly used in previous work?
Evidence: Previous research BIBREF4 , BIBREF20 formulates KB relation detection as a sequence matching problem. However, while the questions are natural word sequences, how to represent relations as sequences remains a challenging problem. Here we give an overview of two types of relation sequence representations commonly used in previous work.
(1) Relation Name as a Single Token (relation-level). In this case, each relation name is treated as a unique token. The problem with this approach is that it suffers from the low relation coverage due to limited amount of training data, thus cannot generalize well to large number of open-domain relations. For example, in Figure 1 , when treating relation names as single tokens, it will be difficult to match the questions to relation names “episodes_written” and “starring_roles” if these names do not appear in training data – their relation embeddings $\mathbf {h}^r$ s will be random vectors thus are not comparable to question embeddings $\mathbf {h}^q$ s.
(2) Relation as Word Sequence (word-level). In this case, the relation is treated as a sequence of words from the tokenized relation name. It has better generalization, but suffers from the lack of global information from the original relation names. For example in Figure 1 (b), when doing only word-level matching, it is difficult to rank the target relation “starring_roles” higher compared to the incorrect relation “plays_produced”. This is because the incorrect relation contains word “plays”, which is more similar to the question (containing word “play”) in the embedding space. On the other hand, if the target relation co-occurs with questions related to “tv appearance” in training, by treating the whole relation as a token (i.e. relation id), we could better learn the correspondence between this token and phrases like “tv show” and “play on”.
The two types of relation representation contain different levels of abstraction. As shown in Table 1 , the word-level focuses more on local information (words and short phrases), and the relation-level focus more on global information (long phrases and skip-grams) but suffer from data sparsity. Since both these levels of granularity have their own pros and cons, we propose a hierarchical matching approach for KB relation detection: for a candidate relation, our approach matches the input question to both word-level and relation-level representations to get the final ranking score. Section "Improved KB Relation Detection" gives the details of our proposed approach.
Here we give an overview of two types of relation sequence representations commonly used in previous work. (1)Relation Name as a Single Token (relation_x001f_-level). ****(2)Relation as Word Sequence (word-level).
Answer: Usually there are two: Relation Name as a Single Token (relation-level) and Relation as Word Sequence (word-level).
Question: What is magic the gathering?
Answer: Magic the gathering is a tabletop digital and collectable card game released in 1993 by Wizards of the Coast.
Question: Given this paragraph about bull sharks, how long are adult female adult sharks in feet?
Evidence: Bull sharks are large and stout, with females being larger than males. The bull shark can be up to 81 cm (2 ft 8 in) in length at birth. Adult female bull sharks average 2.4 m (8 ft) long and typically weigh 130 kg (290 lb), whereas the slightly smaller adult male averages 2.25 m (7 ft) and 95 kg (209 lb). While a maximum size of 3.5 m (11 ft) is commonly reported, a single record exists of a female specimen of exactly 4.0 m (13 ft). A 3.25 m (10.7 ft) long pregnant individual reached 450 kg (990 lb). Bull sharks are wider and heavier than other requiem sharks of comparable length, and are grey on top and white below. The second dorsal fin is smaller than the first. The bull shark's caudal fin is longer and lower than that of the larger sharks, and it has a small snout, and lacks an interdorsal ridge.
Answer: Adult female bull sharks average 8 feet long.
Question: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Daf, Bandura
Answer: Bandura is string, Daf is percussion.
Question: Why are gaming conferences fun for everyone?
Answer: Gaming conferences can be fun for everyone because they are interactive and immersive experiences that go on for days.  Gaming conferences allow you to meet new people from all walks of life and ages.  People enjoy gaming with family, friends, and colleagues.  There are creative people selling new gaming ideas, competitive people trying to beat their opponents with strategy and luck, and outgoing people who just like to talk and interact with others.