DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: What is a Roth 401(k)?
Evidence: In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks, and may be matched by the employer. This legal option is what makes 401(k) plans attractive to employees, and many employers offer this option to their (full-time) workers.

There are two types: traditional and Roth 401(k). For Roth accounts, contributions and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. For traditional accounts, contributions may be deducted from taxable income and withdrawals are added to taxable income. There are limits to contributions, rules governing withdrawals and possible penalties.

The benefit of the Roth account is from tax-free capital gains. The net benefit of the traditional account is the sum of (1) a possible bonus (or penalty) from withdrawals at tax rates lower (or higher) than at contribution, and (2) the impact on qualification for other income-tested programs from contributions and withdrawals reducing and adding to taxable income, minus the consequences of capital gains being taxed at regular income rates.
Answer: Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) where accounts, contributions, and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. The benefit of the Roth account is that the capital gains are tax-free.

In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks and may be matched by the employer.
Question: Summarize the following text into a sentence of 20 words or less:

U.S. Justice Department and FBI investigators have amassed new evidence indicating possible obstruction by former President Donald Trump in the probe into classified documents found at his Florida estate, the Washington Post reported on Sunday, citing sources.

FBI agents seized thousands of government records, some marked as highly classified, from Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in August. The investigation is one of two criminal inquiries into the former president being led by Special Counsel Jack Smith.

Trump, who was indicted on Thursday in a separate inquiry in New York, has denied any wrongdoing in the cases and describes them as politically motivated.

After his advisers received a subpoena in May demanding the return of the classified records, Trump looked through some of the boxes of government documents in his home out of an apparent desire to keep certain things in his possession, the Post reported, citing people familiar with the investigation.

Investigators also have evidence indicating Trump told others to mislead government officials in early 2022, before the subpoena, when the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration was working to recover documents from Trump's time as president, the Post reported.

The FBI referred questions to the Justice Department, which did not immediately respond to a request for comment. 

In a statement to the Post, Trump spokesman Steven Cheung said that the "witch-hunts against President Trump have no basis in facts or law," and accused Special Counsel Smith and the Justice Department of leaking information to manipulate public opinion.

Smith's investigations are among a growing number of legal worries for Trump, who in November launched a campaign seeking the 2024 Republican presidential nomination.
In addition to the New York probe, Trump faces a Georgia inquiry over whether he tried to overturn his 2020 election defeat in the state.
Answer: Following a historic first of an indictment of a former president, Trump also faces increased activity across 3 other investigations.
Question: What is the difference between income tax and capital gains tax in the USA?
Answer: Income tax are taxes levied on earned income from employment. Capital gains taxes are levied on gains made from investment sales.
Question: What did people do before the invention of money?
Answer: They bartered/traded.
Question: Tell me if these are cities or countries: Spain, Paris, Rome and Germany
Answer: Spain and Germany are countries, while Paris and Rome are cities. They are all in Europe.
Question: Give me a list of popular current artists in the EDM category.
Answer: Currently popular musicians in the EDM, or electronic dance music, genre of music include Illenium, 3LAU, Calvin Harris, Kaskade, and Dimitri Vegas.
Question: Who is Steven Spielberg?
Evidence: Steven Allan Spielberg KBE (/ˈspiːlbɜːrɡ/; born December 18, 1946) is an American film director, writer and producer. A major figure of the New Hollywood era and pioneer of the modern blockbuster, he is the most commercially successful director of all time. He is the recipient of various accolades, including three Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards, and four Directors Guild of America Awards, as well as the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1995, the Kennedy Center Honor in 2006, the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2009 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015. Seven of his films have been inducted into the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant".
Answer: Steven Spielberg is a celebrated American film director, writer and producer.
Question: Why are emotions important when day trading?
Answer: Emotions play a critical role when day trading.  It's important to learn how to respond to your emotions.  If a trade works out and you earn and tidy profit, don't get overly excited.  If a trade doesn't work it, don't get too upset.  Doing your best to keep an even keel will help you remain unbiased and follow your own rules.  It ultimately comes down to risk management.  If you respond too harshly to your emotions, you might let a losing trade run too long and lose even more than you intended.  If you let a winning trade run too long you might miss your opportunity to capture profits.  Simply let your trading rules and the charts be your guide.
Question: How are the models optimized in training？
Evidence: The objective function was the negative log-likelihood and computed by: 
$$\textbf {F}(\theta ) = -\sum _{t=1}^{T}\textbf {y}_{t}^{\top }\log {\textbf {p}_{t}}$$   (Eq. 27) 
where: $\textbf {y}_{t}$ is the ground truth token distribution, $\textbf {p}_{t}$ is the predicted token distribution, $T$ is length of the input sentence. The proposed generators were trained by treating each sentence as a mini-batch with $l_{2}$ regularization added to the objective function for every 5 training examples. The models were initialized with a pretrained Glove word embedding vectors BIBREF28 and optimized by using stochastic gradient descent and back propagation through time BIBREF29 . Early stopping mechanism was implemented to prevent over-fitting by using a validation set as suggested in BIBREF30 .
The models were initialized with a pretrained Glove word embedding vectors (Pennington et al., 2014) and optimized by using stochastic gradient descent and back propagation through time (Werbos, 1990).
Answer: The models were optimized by using stochastic gradient descent and back propagation through time .
Question: What type of errors were produced by the BLSTM-CNN-CRF system?
Evidence: Step 2: Based on the best results (BLSTM-CNN-CRF), error analysis is performed based on five types of errors (No extraction, No annotation, Wrong range, Wrong tag, Wrong range and tag), in a way similar to BIBREF10, but we analyze on both gold labels and predicted labels (more detail in figure 1 and 2).
Based on the best results (BLSTM-CNN-CRF), error analysis is performed based on five types of errors (No extraction, No annotation, Wrong range, Wrong tag, Wrong range and tag), in a way similar to BIBREF10, but we analyze on both gold labels and predicted labels (more detail in figure 1 and 2).
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* No extraction, No annotation, Wrong range, Wrong tag, Wrong range and tag
Question: What awards did Tendulkar receive based on the above passage? Use the format ‘Award name (year)’ in a comma separated list to present the result.
Evidence: Tendulkar has received several awards from the government of India: the Arjuna Award (1994), the Khel Ratna Award (1997), the Padma Shri (1998), and the Padma Vibhushan (2008). After Tendulkar played his last match in November 2013, the Prime Minister's Office announced the decision to award him the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award. He was the first sportsperson to receive the reward, and as of 2021, he is the youngest recipient and was the first sportsperson to receive the award. In 2012, Tendulkar was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.

In 2010, Time included Tendulkar in its annual list of the most influential people in the world. Tendulkar was awarded the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy for cricketer of the year at the 2010 International Cricket Council (ICC) Awards.

Having retired from ODI cricket in 2012, he retired from all forms of cricket in November 2013 after playing his 200th Test match. Tendulkar played 664 international cricket matches in total, scoring 34,357 runs. In 2013, Tendulkar was included in an all-time Test World XI to mark the 150th anniversary of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, and he was the only specialist batsman of the post–World War II era, along with Viv Richards, to get featured in the team. In 2019, he was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.
Answer: Arjuna Award (1994), Khel Ratna Award (1997), Padma Shri (1998), Padma Vibhushan (2008), Bharat Ratna, Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy (2010)
Question: Which parts of India were largely affected by the cyclone Bulbul?
Answer: West Bengal & Odhisha
Question: What options does the 911 Carrera T include
Evidence: In October 2017, Porsche announced the 911 Carrera T (Touring), offering the base Carrera drivetrain but with shorter rear axle ratio, mechanical differential lock, PASM Sport lowered suspension, Sport Chrono package and sports exhaust as standard. Additional features include a reduced sound insulation, light-weight glass side/rear windows, Sport-Tex seats, a shortened shift lever, deletion of the rear seats and communication system (with their re-addition available as a no-cost option), Carrera S wheels, as well as optional rear-wheel steering, PDK transmission and bucket seats.
Answer: The 911 Carrera T offers:
- Base drivetrain with shorter rear axle ratio
- mechanical differential lock
- PASM Sport lowered suspension
- Sport Chrono package
- Sports exhaust
- Reduced sound insulation
- light-weight glass for side and rear windows
- Sport-Tex seats
- Shortened shift lever
- deletion of rear seats and communication system
- Carrera S wheels
Question: What is the name of Special Agent Dana Scully's daughter?
Answer: Dana Scully's daughter was Emily Sim. That was the name given to her by her adoptive parents.
Question: What direction did Italy Avenue go in Uruguay per this block of text?
Evidence: Italy Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Italia) is a major thoroughfare in Montevideo, Uruguay. Its name honors the country from whose immigrants about 40% of Uruguayans descend. It runs almost parallel to that of Gral Rivera Avenue, the Rambla and Camino Carrasco, constituting the main arterial road of the city, since it connects with the network of highways that lead to the east of the country.

It extends through several neighborhoods heading east, and ends with the intersection with Avenida Luis Giannattasio (which runs through Ciudad de la Costa and Avenida de las Américas (which leads to the Carrasco International Airport and the Interbalnearia and 101 routes), in the Canelones Department.

In 2017, a project was presented for the construction of a tunnel for Avenida Italia, extended below Centenario Ave. On March 18, 2021, the uneven passage of Italia and Centenario avenues was officially operational, on the path that goes to the Center (westbound). This is the third tunnel in the city, after the one on 8 de Octubre Ave and the City Hall.
Answer: east to west
Question: What is the highest mountain peak in Kosovo?
Answer: The highest mountain peak in Kosovo has been Gjeravica with 2,656m/alt, but now a new mountain peak in question is  Rudoka 2658m/alt.
Question: Which measures are commonly used for NER systems evaluation?
Evidence: NER involves identifying both entity boundaries and entity types. With “exact-match evaluation”, a named entity is considered correctly recognized only if both the boundaries and type match the ground truth BIBREF8 , BIBREF17 , BIBREF18 . Precision, Recall, and F-1 scores are computed on the number of true positives (TP), false positives (FP), and false negatives (FN). Their formal definitions are as follows:
True Positive (TP): entities that are recognized by NER and match the ground truth.
False Positive (FP): entities that are recognized by NER but do not match the ground truth.
False Negative (FN): entities annotated in the ground which that are not recognized by NER.
Precision measures the ability of a NER system to present only correct entities, and Recall measures the ability of a NER system to recognize all entities in a corpus. DISPLAYFORM0 
The F-1 score is the harmonic mean of precision and recall, and the balanced F-1 score is the variant which is most commonly used. This is defined as: DISPLAYFORM0 
Since most NER systems involve multiple entity types, it is often required to assess the performance across all entity classes. Two measures are commonly used for this purpose: the macro-averaged F-1 score and the micro-averaged F-1 score. The macro-averaged F-1 score computes the F-1 score independently for each entity type, then takes the average (hence treating all entity types equally). The micro-averaged F-1 score aggregates the contributions of entities from all classes to compute the average (treating all entities equally). We use the micro-averaged F-1 in our study since this accounts for label imbalances in the evaluation data and therefore a more meaningful statistic.
Since most NER systems involve multiple entity types, it is often required to assess the performance across all entity classes.  Two measures are commonly used for this purpose: the macro averaged F-1 score and the micro-averaged F-1 score.
Answer: The macro averaged F-1 score and the micro-averaged F-1 score.
Question: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Hyaenodon, Humphead Wrasse
Answer: Hyaenodon is extinct, Humphead Wrasse is alive.
Question: Why was the iPhone such a successful product?
Evidence: Apple rejected the "design by committee" approach that had yielded the Motorola ROKR E1, a largely unsuccessful "iTunes phone" made in collaboration with Motorola. Among other deficiencies, the ROKR E1's firmware limited storage to only 100 iTunes songs to avoid competing with Apple's iPod nano. Cingular gave Apple the liberty to develop the iPhone's hardware and software in-house, a rare practice at the time, and paid Apple a fraction of its monthly service revenue (until the iPhone 3G), in exchange for four years of exclusive U.S. sales, until 2011.

The iPhone was the first mobile phone with multi-touch technology. Since the iPhone's launch, it gained larger screen sizes, video-recording, waterproofing, and many accessibility features. Up to iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, iPhones had a single button on the front panel with the Touch ID fingerprint sensor. Since iPhone X, iPhone models have switched to a nearly bezel-less front screen design with Face ID facial recognition, and app switching activated by gestures. Touch ID is still used for the budget iPhone SE series.
Answer: The iPhone did away with physical keyboards and instead introduced a multi-touch screen which didn't require a stylus. The iPhone software, iOS, was developed to take advantage of all hardware and design capabilities of the phone, including the touchscreen. Each application presented its customized input options on the touch screen. In addition, the iOS was flexible and expandable through the App Store, giving the iPhone  user a wide choice of third-party apps which were not known before. iPhone hardware quality was also a nice surprise to the users.
Question: What is a standing wheelchair?
Evidence: A standing wheelchair (also known as a standing chair, a wheeled stander or a stander) is assistive technology, similar to a standing frame, that allows a wheelchair user to raise the chair from a seated to a standing position. The standing wheelchair supports the person in a standing position and enables interaction with people and objects at eye level.

Types and function
Standing wheelchairs can be either manually operated, have power-operated wheels but manual lifting mechanisms or be fully powered with, for example, hydraulic lifting mechanisms. They are used both to achieve regular mobility and to stand the person up using hydraulics or other power sources. Some standing wheelchairs may be driven from the standing position, however there is some medical concern of an increased risk of long bone fractures while driving due to the legs being under a heavy load.
Answer: A standing wheelchair is assistive technology that allows a wheelchair user to riase the char from a seated to a standing position.
Question: Which Formula 1 teams has Fernando Alonso raced for?
Evidence: Fernando Alonso Díaz (born 29 July 1981) is a Spanish racing driver currently competing for Aston Martin in Formula One. He won the series' World Drivers' Championship in 2005 and 2006 with Renault, and has also driven for McLaren, Ferrari, and Minardi. With Toyota, Alonso won the 24 Hours of Le Mans twice, in 2018 and 2019, and the FIA World Endurance Championship in 2018–19. He also won the 24 Hours of Daytona with Wayne Taylor Racing in 2019.
Answer: Fernando Alonso has raced for Aston Martin, Renault, McLaren, Ferrari and Minardi.
Question: Do they report results only on English data?
Evidence: In this paper, we use three data sets from the literature to train and evaluate our own classifier. Although all address the category of hateful speech, they used different strategies of labeling the collected data. Table TABREF5 shows the characteristics of the datasets.
Data collected by BIBREF3 , which we term the Sexist/Racist (SR) data set, was collected using an initial Twitter search followed by analysis and filtering by the authors and their team who identified 17 common phrases, hashtags, and users that were indicative of abusive speech. BIBREF4 collected the HATE dataset by searching for tweets using a lexicon provided by Hatebase.org. The final data set we used, which we call HAR, was collected by BIBREF9 ; we removed all retweets reducing the dataset to 20,000 tweets. Tweets were labeled as “Harrassing” or “Non-Harrassing”; hate speech was not explicitly labeled, but treated as an unlabeled subset of the broader “Harrassing” category BIBREF9 .
Many of the false negatives we see are specific references to characters in the TV show “My Kitchen Rules”, rather than something about women in general. Such examples may be innocuous in isolation but could potentially be sexist or racist in context. While this may be a limitation of considering only the content of the tweet, it could also be a mislabel.
Debra are now my most hated team on #mkr after least night's ep. Snakes in the grass those two.
Along these lines, we also see correct predictions of innocuous speech, but find data mislabeled as hate speech:
@LoveAndLonging ...how is that example "sexism"?
@amberhasalamb ...in what way?
In this paper, we use three data sets from the literature to train and evaluate our own classifier.
Data collected by BIBREF3 , which we term the Sexist/Racist (SR) data set, was collected using an initial Twitter search followed by analysis and filtering by the authors and their team who identified 17 common phrases, hashtags, and users that were indicative of abusive speech. BIBREF4 collected the HATE dataset by searching for tweets using a lexicon provided by Hatebase.org. The final data set we used, which we call HAR, was collected by BIBREF9 ; we removed all retweets reducing the dataset to 20,000 tweets. Tweets were labeled as “Harrassing” or “Non-Harrassing”; hate speech was not explicitly labeled, but treated as an unlabeled subset of the broader “Harrassing” category BIBREF9 .
Many of the false negatives we see are specific references to characters in the TV show “My Kitchen Rules”, rather than something about women in general. 
While this may be a limitation of considering only the content of the tweet, it could also be a mislabel.

Debra are now my most hated team on #mkr after least night's ep. Snakes in the grass those two.

Along these lines, we also see correct predictions of innocuous speech, but find data mislabeled as hate speech:

@LoveAndLonging ...how is that example "sexism"?

@amberhasalamb ...in what way?
Answer: Yes.
Question: how important is workflow integration in obtaining value from AI?
Answer: While data and AI are the key to delivering a modern online customer experience, grand insights and precise predictions mean nothing if the business cannot act upon them. As we see more and more organizations, especially those engaged in online commerce, fold data-driven capabilities into their operational workflows, moving from insight to action often entails the deployment of real-time capabilities, capable of sensing and responding to opportunities in the moment.
Question: What is Hadoop?
Answer: The Apache Hadoop software library is a framework that allows for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers using simple programming models. It is designed to scale up from single servers to thousands of machines, each offering local computation and storage.
Question: Name some of the well-known supervillains of Marvel Comics as per the passage.
Evidence: Marvel Comics is an American comic book publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a division of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, Magazine Management/Atlas Comics in 1951 and its predecessor, Marvel Mystery Comics, the Marvel Comics title/name/brand was first used in June 1961.

Marvel was started in 1939 by Martin Goodman as Timely Comics, and by 1951 had generally become known as Atlas Comics. The Marvel era began in June 1961 with the launch of The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. The Marvel brand, which had been used over the years and decades, was solidified as the company's primary brand.

Marvel counts among its characters such well-known superheroes as Spider-Man, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, Doctor Strange, Hulk, Daredevil, Wolverine, Black Panther and Captain Marvel, as well as popular superhero teams such as the Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, and Guardians of the Galaxy. Its stable of well-known supervillains includes the likes of Doctor Doom, Magneto, Ultron, Thanos, Kang the Conqueror, Green Goblin, Galactus, Loki, and Kingpin. Most of Marvel's fictional characters operate in a single reality known as the Marvel Universe, with most locations mirroring real-life places; many major characters are based in New York City, New York, United States. Additionally, Marvel has published several licensed properties from other companies. This includes Star Wars comics twice from 1977 to 1986 and again since 2015.
Answer: Doctor Doom, Magneto, Ultron, Thanos, Kang the Conqueror, Green Goblin, Galactus, Loki, and Kingpin.