DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: What is Xenohormone normally used for?
Evidence: Xenohormones are found in a variety of different consumer products, agricultural products, and chemicals. Common sources of Xenohormones include:

Contraceptives and Hormone Therapies
Xenohormones and xenoestrogens are commonly used in oral contraceptives such as birth control pills and hormone replacement therapies due to their similarities to natural hormones.

Agriculture
Synthetic estrogenic drugs such as the bovine growth hormone (BVG) are commonly used to increase the size of cattle and maximize the amount of meat and dairy product that can come from them. Xenohormones are also found in certain pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides.

Plastics
Xenohormones are found in almost all plastics, and they appear in many consumer products that use plastic elements or plastic packaging. Common xenohormones in plastics and other industrial compounds include BPA, Phthalates, PVC, and PCBs. These can be found in several household items, including plastic dishes and utensils, Styrofoam, cling wrap, flooring, toys, and other items containing plastic or plasticizers. In 2000, the FDA banned the use of phthalates in baby toys due to health concerns.

Cleaning and Cosmetic Products
Many household products can contain certain xenohormones, including laundry detergent, fabric softeners, soap, shampoo, toothpaste, makeup and cosmetic products, feminine hygiene products
Answer: Xenohormone is widely used for different applications, including: Contraceptives and Hormone Therapies, Agriculture, Plastics, and Cleaning and Cosmetic Products.
Question: Which company designed SoundBridge?
Evidence: SoundBridge is a hardware device from Roku, Inc. designed to play internet radio or digital audio streamed across a home network, over either Wi-Fi or ethernet. SoundBridge devices directly browsed the Radio Roku guide. As of 2008 all Roku SoundBridge products were discontinued; Roku focused on IPTV. As of January 2012, the SoundBridge was no longer available from Roku. As of May 2018, internet radio functionality was no longer supported by Roku.

The music is made available by a streaming server, usually a PC running media software. The SoundBridge had a high resolution vacuum fluorescent display and was compatible with various media servers, namely servers using Apple Computer's Digital Audio Access Protocol; popular servers are iTunes, or mt-daapd, Windows Media Connect, Rhapsody, SlimServer and UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) compatible servers such as TwonkyVision. Some of these servers run not only on PCs, but also on NAS devices like the Linksys NSLU2, so a SoundBridge could be operated without a PC.
Answer: The company that designed SoundBridge is Roku, Inc.
Question: What baselines non-adaptive baselines are used?
Evidence: All baselines are Transformer models in their base configuration BIBREF11, using 6 encoder and decoder layers, with model and hidden dimensions of 512 and 2048 respectively, and 8 heads for all attention layers. For initial multi-task experiments, all model parameters were shared BIBREF12, but performance was down by multiple BLEU points compared to the baselines. As the source language pair is the same for both tasks, in subsequent experiments, only the encoder is shared BIBREF5. For En-Fr, 10% dropout is applied as in BIBREF11. After observing severe overfitting on En-De in early experiments, the rate is increased to 25% for this lower-resource task. All models are trained on 16 GPUs, using Adam optimizer with a learning rate schedule (inverse square root BIBREF11) and warmup.
All baselines are Transformer models in their base configuration BIBREF11, using 6 encoder and decoder layers, with model and hidden dimensions of 512 and 2048 respectively, and 8 heads for all attention layers. For initial multi-task experiments, all model parameters were shared BIBREF12, but performance was down by multiple BLEU points compared to the baselines.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* Transformer models in their base configuration BIBREF11, using 6 encoder and decoder layers, with model and hidden dimensions of 512 and 2048 respectively, and 8 heads for all attention layers
Question: Which of the following are real vs. mythical animals: dove, unicorn, Komodo dragon, Sasquatch, cockatrice, snipe
Answer: Real: dove, Komodo dragon, snipe
Mythical: unicorn, Sasquatch, cockatrice

Note that asking someone to go on a 'snipe hunt' to trick them into searching for something that does not exist. So 'snipe' in this context is something that is not real, but there is in fact a real snipe family of birds
Question: What is the largest country in the world?
Answer: There are multiple ways that large can be defined. By area, Russia is the largest country in the world alternatively by Population, China is the worlds most populated country.
Question: How is interest paid on a series I bond?
Answer: Interest is paid through compounding effect. Unlike most bonds which pay "coupons" that are attached to the bond, series I bonds will pay via compounding interest accrued.
Question: How do I run faster?
Answer: Running faster requires a lot of practice and a good baseline of fitness. You can develop the baseline of fitness by building a regular habit of long slow running for up to an hour. You can then improve your speed by including Tempo and Interval workouts in your regular training plan. It may be helpful to work with a coach or use a training platform like TrainingPeaks to build a plan which meets your needs.
Question: Why did they choose WER as evaluation metric?
Evidence: A low WER would indicate that a model-generated question is similar to the reference question, while a high WER means that the generated question differs significantly from the reference question. It should be noted that a high WER does not necessarily invalidate the generated question, as different questions can have the same answers, and there could be various ways of phrasing the same question. On the other hand, a situation with low WER of 1 could be due to the question missing a pertinent word to convey the correct idea. Despite these shortcomings in using WER as a metric of success, the WER can reflect our model's effectiveness in generating questions that are similar to those of SQuAD based on the given reading passage and answer. WER can be used for initial analyses that can lead to deeper insights as discussed further below.
Despite these shortcomings in using WER as a metric of success, the WER can reflect our model's effectiveness in generating questions that are similar to those of SQuAD based on the given reading passage and answer. WER can be used for initial analyses that can lead to deeper insights as discussed further below.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* WER can reflect our model's effectiveness in generating questions that are similar to those of SQuAD
* WER can be used for initial analyses
Question: How to predict the characterization of each individual ERP?
Evidence: Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings of brain activity taken while participants read or listen to language are widely used within the cognitive neuroscience and psycholinguistics communities as a tool to study language comprehension. Several time-locked stereotyped EEG responses to word-presentations -- known collectively as event-related potentials (ERPs) -- are thought to be markers for semantic or syntactic processes that take place during comprehension. However, the characterization of each individual ERP in terms of what features of a stream of language trigger the response remains controversial. Improving this characterization would make ERPs a more useful tool for studying language comprehension. We take a step towards better understanding the ERPs by fine-tuning a language model to predict them. This new approach to analysis shows for the first time that all of the ERPs are predictable from embeddings of a stream of language. Prior work has only found two of the ERPs to be predictable. In addition to this analysis, we examine which ERPs benefit from sharing parameters during joint training. We find that two pairs of ERPs previously identified in the literature as being related to each other benefit from joint training, while several other pairs of ERPs that benefit from joint training are suggestive of potential relationships. Extensions of this analysis that further examine what kinds of information in the model embeddings relate to each ERP have the potential to elucidate the processes involved in human language comprehension.
However, the characterization of each individual ERP in terms of what features of a stream of language trigger the response remains controversial. Improving this characterization would make ERPs a more useful tool for studying language comprehension. We take a step towards better understanding the ERPs by fine-tuning a language model to predict them.
Answer: By fine-tuning a language model.
Question: Why many people do not like pigeons?
Answer: Like most wild animals pigeons might spread disease that people are susceptible to. In addition pigeons droppings might significantly pollute the city and be a cause of infection. As the pigeon population increases through out the years these concerns becoming important.
Question: Name some popular American beer brands.
Answer: Rogue, Widmer, Budweiser, Coors, Michelob, Blue Moon
Question: Which is the well-known sport in India?
Answer: while India as a country has followers for many sports, Cricket has been the most popular game of all time. In recent times there has been a great following for Football however the popularity is still with Cricket
Question: What were the 'Big Four' railway companies in the UK before nationalisation
Answer: The Big Four were London, Midland and Scotland (LMS), London and North Eastern Railway (LNER), Great Western Railway (GWR) and Southern Railway (SR)
Question: Name some Hip-Hop duos.
Answer: Hip-Hop has seen many duos, apart from rappers who frequently collaborate there are some which form a duo under a separate name some of these are:

Run the Jewels (El-P and Killer Mike)
Mob Depp (Prodigy and Havoc)
Black Starr (Talib Kweli and Mos Def)
Kids See Ghosts (Kanye West and Kid Cudi)
Bad meets Evil (Eminem and Royce da 5'9")
OutKast (Andre 3000 and Big Boi)
Question: List five items you would need to survive in the wilderness.
Answer: Water, food, Knife,  First Aid Kit, Lighter or Matches,
Question: What is palmitoylation
Answer: Palmitoylation is the covalent attachment of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, to cysteine (S-palmitoylation) and less frequently to serine and threonine (O-palmitoylation) residues of proteins, which are typically membrane proteins. The precise function of palmitoylation depends on the particular protein being considered. Palmitoylation enhances the hydrophobicity of proteins and contributes to their membrane association. Palmitoylation also appears to play a significant role in subcellular trafficking of proteins between membrane compartments, as well as in modulating protein–protein interactions. In contrast to prenylation and myristoylation, palmitoylation is usually reversible (because the bond between palmitic acid and protein is often a thioester bond). The reverse reaction in mammalian cells is catalyzed by acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs) in the cytosol and palmitoyl protein thioesterases in lysosomes. Because palmitoylation is a dynamic, post-translational process, it is believed to be employed by the cell to alter the subcellular localization, protein–protein interactions, or binding capacities of a protein.

An example of a protein that undergoes palmitoylation is hemagglutinin, a membrane glycoprotein used by influenza to attach to host cell receptors. The palmitoylation cycles of a wide array of enzymes have been characterized in the past few years, including H-Ras, Gsα, the β2-adrenergic receptor, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In signal transduction via G protein, palmitoylation of the α subunit, prenylation of the γ subunit, and myristoylation is involved in tethering the G protein to the inner surface of the plasma membrane so that the G protein can interact with its receptor.
Question: Who discovered the harmonic distribution?
Evidence: In probability theory and statistics, the harmonic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. It was discovered by Étienne Halphen, who had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. His practical experience in data analysis motivated him to pioneer a new system of distributions that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. Halphen restricted his search to distributions whose parameters could be estimated using simple statistical approaches.
Answer: Étienne Halphen
Question: Using the following text, list the top 4 drugs by revenue for Pfizer in 2022?
Evidence: Pfizer Inc. (/ˈfaɪzər/ FY-zər) is an American multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology corporation headquartered on 42nd Street in Manhattan, New York City. The company was established in 1849 in New York by two German entrepreneurs, Charles Pfizer (1824–1906) and his cousin Charles F. Erhart (1821–1891).

Pfizer develops and produces medicines and vaccines for immunology, oncology, cardiology, endocrinology, and neurology. The company's largest products by sales are the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine ($37 billion in 2022 revenues), Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir ($18 billion in 2022 revenues), Apixaban ($6 billion in 2022 revenues), a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ($6 billion in 2022 revenues), and Palbociclib ($5 billion in 2022 revenues). In 2022, 42% of the company's revenues came from the United States, 8% came from Japan, and 50% came from other countries.

Pfizer was a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average stock market index from 2004 to August 2020. The company ranks 43rd on the Fortune 500 and 43rd on the Forbes Global 2000.
Answer: 1. Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
2. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir 
3. Apixaban 
4. Palbociclib
Question: What's the population of Mattim Birta?
Evidence: Mattim Birta is a town and Village Development Committee in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,021 persons residing in 899 individual households.
Answer: The population of Mattim Birta in Nepal is 5,021 people.
Question: Tell me another joke
Answer: Well, if you didn't like the last joke, you won't like this either but here goes...

A pony with a cough is just a little hoarse
Question: What evidence do they present that the model attends to shallow context clues?
Evidence: One way to analyze the model is to compute model gradients with respect to input features BIBREF26, BIBREF25. Figure FIGREF37 shows that in this particular example, the most important model inputs are verbs possibly associated with the entity butter, in addition to the entity's mentions themselves. It further shows that the model learns to extract shallow clues of identifying actions exerted upon only the entity being tracked, regardless of other entities, by leveraging verb semantics.
One way to analyze the model is to compute model gradients with respect to input features BIBREF26, BIBREF25. Figure FIGREF37 shows that in this particular example, the most important model inputs are verbs possibly associated with the entity butter, in addition to the entity's mentions themselves. It further shows that the model learns to extract shallow clues of identifying actions exerted upon only the entity being tracked, regardless of other entities, by leveraging verb semantics.
Answer: Using model gradients with respect to input features they presented that the most important model inputs are verbs associated with entities which shows that the model attends to shallow context clues
Question: What are some of the natural materials used in construction?
Evidence: Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, wood, and even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic. The manufacturing of building materials is an established industry in many countries and the use of these materials is typically segmented into specific specialty trades, such as carpentry, insulation, plumbing, and roofing work. They provide the make-up of habitats and structures including homes.
Answer: Clay, rocks, sand and wood are some of the common natural materials used in construction.
Question: What trends are found in musical preferences?
Evidence: How the music taste of the audience of popular music changed in the last century? The trend lines of the MUSIC model features, reported in figure FIGREF12, reveal that audiences wanted products more and more contemporary, intense and a little bit novel or sophisticated, but less and less mellow and (surprisingly) unpretentious. In other words, the audiences of popular music are getting more demanding as the quality and variety of the music products increases.
How the music taste of the audience of popular music changed in the last century? The trend lines of the MUSIC model features, reported in figure FIGREF12, reveal that audiences wanted products more and more contemporary, intense and a little bit novel or sophisticated, but less and less mellow and (surprisingly) unpretentious. In other words, the audiences of popular music are getting more demanding as the quality and variety of the music products increases.
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* audiences wanted products more and more contemporary, intense and a little bit novel or sophisticated, but less and less mellow and (surprisingly) unpretentious
Question: Which two parallel corpora does the author use?
Evidence: We used two parallel corpora: Asian Scientific Paper Excerpt Corpus (ASPEC) BIBREF0 and NTCIR PatentMT Parallel Corpus BIBREF1 . Regarding the training data of ASPEC, we used only the first 1 million sentences sorted by sentence-alignment similarity. Japanese sentences were segmented by the morphological analyzer MeCab (version 0.996, IPADIC), and English sentences were tokenized by tokenizer.perl of Moses. Table TABREF14 shows the numbers of the sentences in each corpus. Note that sentences with more than 40 words were excluded from the training data.
We used two parallel corpora: Asian Scientific Paper Excerpt Corpus (ASPEC) (Nakazawa et al., 2016) and NTCIR PatentMT Parallel Corpus (Goto et al., 2013).
Answer: Asian Scientific Paper Excerpt Corpus (ASPEC) and NTCIR PatentMT Parallel Corpus.
Question: How do airplanes fly?
Answer: Planes fly because of two forces - thrust and lift. 
Thrust is generated by the engines and moves the plane forward. 
When the wind passes the wings, there is a pressure differential created by the shape of the wings such that there is lift
Question: How can you tell the difference between a dromedary and a camel?
Answer: The most notable difference between dromedaries and camels is their number of humps: a dromedary has one hump while camels have two humps.
Question: List the three first books written by Dan Brown, in chronological order and bullet point, using the format {book title} ({year published})
Answer: - Digital Fortress (1998)
- Angels & Demons (2000)
- Deception Point (2001)
Question: Categorize these movies that came out in 1999 as cartoons or live-action: The Matrix, Stuart Little, Cruel Intentions, The Iron Giant, The Blair Witch Project, South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut, The Sixth Sense
Answer: Cartoons: Stuart Little, The Iron Giant, South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut
Live action: The Matrix, Cruel Intentions, The Blair Witch Project, The Sixth Sense
Question: Does their neural network predict a single offset in a recording?
Evidence: Given a pair of ultrasound and audio segments we can calculate the distance between them using our model. To predict the synchronisation offset for an utterance, we consider a discretised set of candidate offsets, calculate the average distance for each across utterance segments, and select the one with the minimum average distance. The candidate set is independent of the model, and is chosen based on task knowledge (Section SECREF5 ).
Given a pair of ultrasound and audio segments we can calculate the distance between them using our model. To predict the synchronisation offset for an utterance, we consider a discretised set of candidate offsets, calculate the average distance for each across utterance segments, and select the one with the minimum average distance. 
Answer: Yes.
Question: Has Thailand been part in the ABU TV Song Festival
Evidence: The participation of Thailand in the ABU TV Song Festival has occurred twice since the inaugural ABU TV Song Festival began in 2012. Since their début in 2013, the Thai entry has been organised by the national broadcaster Thai Public Broadcasting Service (TPBS). In 2015, Thailand withdrew from the festival.
Answer: Indeed, Thailand has been participating in the ABU TV Song Festival. It has occurred twice since the inaugural ABU TV Song Festival began in 2012. Since their début in 2013, the Thai entry has been organised by the national broadcaster Thai Public Broadcasting Service (TPBS). In 2015, Thailand withdrew from the festival.
Question: Is such bias caused by bad annotation?
Evidence: Natural Language Inference (NLI) is often used to gauge a model's ability to understand a relationship between two texts BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 . In NLI, a model is tasked with determining whether a hypothesis (a woman is sleeping) would likely be inferred from a premise (a woman is talking on the phone). The development of new large-scale datasets has led to a flurry of various neural network architectures for solving NLI. However, recent work has found that many NLI datasets contain biases, or annotation artifacts, i.e., features present in hypotheses that enable models to perform surprisingly well using only the hypothesis, without learning the relationship between two texts BIBREF2 , BIBREF3 , BIBREF4 . For instance, in some datasets, negation words like “not” and “nobody” are often associated with a relationship of contradiction. As a ramification of such biases, models may not generalize well to other datasets that contain different or no such biases.
However, recent work has found that many NLI datasets contain biases, or annotation artifacts, i.e., features present in hypotheses that enable models to perform surprisingly well using only the hypothesis, without learning the relationship between two texts BIBREF2 , BIBREF3 , BIBREF4 . For instance, in some datasets, negation words like “not” and “nobody” are often associated with a relationship of contradiction. As a ramification of such biases, models may not generalize well to other datasets that contain different or no such biases.
Answer: No.
Question: What high school did Washington Governer Jay Inslee attend?
Answer: Ingraham High School
Question: When does baby start crawling?
Answer: There is a wide range in terms of when babies reach this development milestone. At 6 months old, they may start to rock back and forth on hands and knees, and by 9 months, they start to creep and crawl. However, each baby has their own timelines, and it's not uncommon to see babies skip crawling all together.