DataHammer/scimrc huggingface dataset:
Question: What were the sizes of the test sets?
Evidence: Each drug label is a collection of sections (e.g., DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION, CONTRAINDICATIONS, and WARNINGS) where each section contains one or more sentences. Each sentence is annotated with a list of zero or more mentions and interactions. The training data released for this task contains 22 drug labels, referred to as Training-22, with gold standard annotations. Two test sets of 57 and 66 drug labels, referred to as Test Set 1 and 2 respectively, with gold standard annotations are used to evaluate participating systems. As Training-22 is a relatively small dataset, we additionally utilize an external dataset with 180 annotated drug labels dubbed NLM-180 BIBREF5 (more later). We provide summary statistics about these datasets in Table TABREF3 . Test Set 1 closely resembles Training-22 with respect to the sections that are annotated. However, Test Set 1 is more sparse in the sense that there are more sentences per drug label (144 vs. 27), with a smaller proportion of those sentences having gold annotations (23% vs. 51%). Test Set 2 is unique in that it contains annotations from only two sections, namely DRUG INTERACTIONS and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, the latter of which is not represented in Training-22 (nor Test Set 1). Lastly, Training-22, Test Set 1, and Test Set 2 all vary with respect to the distribution of interaction types, with Training-22, Test Set 1, and Test Set 2 containing a higher proportion of PD, UN, and PK interactions respectively.
FLOAT SELECTED: Table 1: Characteristics of datasets
Two test sets of 57 and 66 drug labels, referred to as Test Set 1 and 2 respectively, with gold standard annotations are used to evaluate participating systems.
We provide summary statistics about these datasets in Table TABREF3 . 
FLOAT SELECTED: Table 1: Characteristics of datasets
Answer: Test set 1 contained 57 drug labels and 8208 sentences and test set 2 contained 66 drug labels and 4224 sentences
Question: Tell me if these are TV shows or Movies: Breaking Bad, Dexter, Game of thrones, Fight Club.
Answer: TV Shows: Breaking Bad, Dexter, Game of thrones
Movies: Fight Club
Question: You and your friends are discussing the best tier ratings of common London-based football teams. You are trying to determine whether Chelsea F.C., Arsenal F.C., Tottenham Hotspur F.C., West Ham United F.C., Fulham F.C. and Crystal Palace F.C. are considered by fans to be the 'best', 'ok' and 'worst'.
Answer: best: Tottenham Hotspur F.C.
ok: Chelsea F.C., West Ham United F.C., Fulham F.C. and Crystal Palace F.C.
worst: Arsenal F.C.
Question: What is a group of bunnies called?
Answer: A group of bunnies is called a fluffle.
Question: Provide a list of the best places to fresh water fish in San Diego
Answer: 1. San Vicente Resevoir 
2. El Capitan Resevoir 
3. Loveland Lake
4. Lake Jennings
5. Lake Hodges
6. Lake Barrett
7. Santee Lakes
8. Otay Lakes
9. Sweet Water Resevoir 
10. Lake Southernland
Question: Are iodized salt and kosher salt the same?
Answer: No, they are two different types of salt.  Iodized salt has additives and is processed into smaller uniform grains meant to be free-flowing, typically for use in salt shakers, it’s also commonly referred to as table salt.  Kosher salt is generally used during cooking or for brining and curing food, and has a larger grain size then iodized salt.
Question: How to prevent the extinction of the human species?
Answer: Humans are vulnerable to many different cataclysmic events. 
One way is to migrate and reside in other planets, solar systems and even galaxies. Earth is a single point of failure. 
Another consideration is to merge with AI and exist in virtual reality as a non-biological species. 
Preserving human genetic material in doomsday vaults, so that humans can be revived/resurrected in the future.
Question: Given this paragraph about hedgehogs, why are they different from porcupines?
Evidence: Hedgehogs are easily recognized by their spines, which are hollow hairs made stiff with keratin.Their spines are not poisonous or barbed and, unlike the quills of a porcupine, do not easily detach from their bodies. However, the immature animal's spines normally fall out as they are replaced with adult spines. This is called "quilling". Spines can also shed when the animal is diseased or under extreme stress. Hedgehogs are usually brown, with pale tips to the spines, though blonde hedgehogs are found on the Channel Island of Alderney.
Answer: Hedgehog spines do not easily detach rom their bodies like porcupines.
Question: What do people mean when they say a meeting could have been an email?
Answer: When people say a meeting could have been an email, they are stating that the information shared in the meeting did not substantiate the time taken for the meeting and the information could have just as easily been disseminated via email. This is a slang-type phrase used in the corporate world. People often use the phrase when they think that the time taken for the meeting was a waste or the information shared was basic and did not require heavy discussion.
Question: Who was Edmund Converse Pierce II?
Evidence: Edmund Converse Peirce II (October 9, 1917 – August 8, 2003) was an American physician who was professor and director of hyperbaric medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in Manhattan, New York City from 1966 to 1991. During his career, Peirce published over 150 research articles and is notable for his well-regarded contributions to the refinement of artificial circulatory technologies including the membrane oxygenator.
Answer: Edmund Converse Pierce II was an American physician and professor and director of hyperbaric medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. He was well-regarded for his contributions to the improvement of artificial circulatory technologies.
Question: What are some good places to visit in and around Austin?
Answer: Austin by itself is a mid size city in Central Texas. From a college town it has elevated itself to be a technology hub in the country in 2010s. Apart from a vibrant, musical feel and decent sized downtown area, there are some great places to visit, hangout and eat at. The Domain is a chic urban living area just north of downtown. Lake travis and the shoreline offer ample parks and hiking choices, and a must visit eat/drink location, The Oasis. West of Austin offers a peak at hill country, and Balcon Canyonlands, an open area for ample hiking opportunities. Mount Bonnell, a great short hike, and a beautiful view of sunset over colorado river. Barton Creek and Bee Cave also has a lot of activities going on. In the middle of downtown one can walk or bike on the boardwalk over ladybird lake, or just go chill at Zilker park.
Question: What is the primary information in this paragraph?
Evidence: Racial categories have historically been used as a way to enable an oppressive figure or group to discriminate against other groups or individuals which were seen as different from that of the oppressor. In nineteenth and early twentieth century Europe, artwork was a common form of racialization which targeted countries in the Middle East and Asia. The artwork, predominantly paintings, were portrayed in order to instill prejudice in the Western populations through sexualizing and manipulating images. One of the most prominent examples of Orientalist work in art is a piece by Eugène Delacroix titled Women of Algiers in their Apartment. Dating back to 1834, it portrays three women resting in a harem in exotic clothing while an African woman is dressed in plain clothing, depicting her role as a servant. Fine textiles, hookahs, and other paraphernalia adorn the room, which represents a European fantasy of an exotic scene. Attempts to portray these cultures as strange, foreign and exotic through Orientalism led to intolerance towards the Arab and Asian communities in Europe and the United States. Others argue that Delacroix, who travelled in North Africa sketching extensively, was depicting a realistic scene of the era based on his first-hand knowledge and experience. In such an interpretation the clothing, for example, is consistent with the times, as Arab North Africans dressed differently from Europeans, and kept black slaves who would not have been treated as equals.
Answer: The paragraph discussed racial manipulation in the 19th to 20th centuries. It considers Europeans to be discriminative against people from the Middle East, Asia and North Africa, and uses artist expressions to communicate and manipulate these prejudice to their general population.
Question: What are the author's plans for his future work?
Evidence: In this paper, we challenged the difficult task of Ja INLINEFORM0 Ru news domain translation in an extremely low-resource setting. We empirically confirmed the limited success of well-established solutions when restricted to in-domain data. Then, to incorporate out-of-domain data, we proposed a multilingual multistage fine-tuning approach and observed that it substantially improves Ja INLINEFORM1 Ru translation by over 3.7 BLEU points compared to a strong baseline, as summarized in Table TABREF53 . This paper contains an empirical comparison of several existing approaches and hence we hope that our paper can act as a guideline to researchers attempting to tackle extremely low-resource translation.
In the future, we plan to confirm further fine-tuning for each of specific translation directions. We will also explore the way to exploit out-of-domain pseudo-parallel data, better domain-adaptation approaches, and additional challenging language pairs.
In the future, we plan to confirm further finetuning for each of specific translation directions. We will also explore the way to exploit outof-domain pseudo-parallel data, better domainadaptation approaches, and additional challenging language pairs.
Answer: In the future, they plan to confirm further finetuning for each of specific translation directions. they will also explore the way to exploit outof-domain pseudo-parallel data, better domainadaptation approaches, and additional challenging language pairs.
Question: Given this table of train services, how many trains are there between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day? Explain your math.
Evidence: Train services
Route	Service type	Operator	Notes
Zwolle – Meppel – Groningen	Local ("Sprinters")	NS	2x per hour – On Sundays, this train operates 1x per hour until 15:00, then 2x per hour after
Leeuwarden – Heerenveen – Meppel – Zwolle – Amersfoort – Utrecht – Gouda – Rotterdam	Express ("Intercity")	NS	1x per hour
Leeuwarden – Heerenveen – Meppel – Zwolle – Lelystad – Almere – Amsterdam – Schiphol – Leiden – Den Haag	Express ("Intercity")	NS	1x per hour
Leeuwarden – Heerenveen – Meppel	Local ("Sprinter")	NS	2x per hour – 1x per hour after 20:00 and on weekends
Answer: There are 48 trains between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day. The trains from Leeuwarden to Rotterdam travel once an hour, and the trains from Leeuwarden to Den Haag travel once an hour. Since there are 24 hours in a day, and two routes, the total number of daily trains between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day is 48. If the train service shuts down at night, as is common, there may be fewer than 48 trains between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day. However, that information is not included in the provided table.
Question: Given this paragraph about Arlington Virginia, how many elementary schools are there in the county's public education system?
Evidence: Arlington Public Schools operates the county's public K-12 education system of 22 elementary schools; 6 middle schools (Dorothy Hamm Middle School, Gunston Middle School, Kenmore Middle School, Swanson Middle School, Thomas Jefferson Middle School, and Williamsburg Middle School); and 3 public high schools (Wakefield High School, Washington-Liberty High School, and Yorktown High School). H-B Woodlawn and Arlington Tech are alternative public schools. Arlington County spends about half of its local revenues on education. For the FY2013 budget, 83 percent of funding was from local revenues, and 12 percent from the state. Per pupil expenditures are expected to average $18,700, well above its neighbors, Fairfax County ($13,600) and Montgomery County ($14,900).
Answer: There are 22 elementary schools in the Arlington public education system.
Question: Queen Elizabeth II coffin rested on a raised platform called a catafalque at
Answer: Westminster Hall
Question: What is the BiLSTM model trained for？
Evidence: Since, we there was no publicly available standard Nepali NER dataset and did not receive any dataset from the previous researchers, we had to create our own dataset. This dataset contains the sentences collected from daily newspaper of the year 2015-2016. This dataset has three major classes Person (PER), Location (LOC) and Organization (ORG). Pre-processing was performed on the text before creation of the dataset, for example all punctuations and numbers besides ',', '-', '|' and '.' were removed. Currently, the dataset is in standard CoNLL-2003 IO formatBIBREF25.
Since, this dataset is not lemmatized originally, we lemmatized only the post-positions like Ek, kO, l, mA, m, my, jF, sg, aEG which are just the few examples among 299 post positions in Nepali language. We obtained these post-positions from sanjaalcorps and added few more to match our dataset. We will be releasing this list in our github repository. We found out that lemmatizing the post-positions boosted the F1 score by almost 10%.
In order to label our dataset with POS-tags, we first created POS annotated dataset of 6946 sentences and 16225 unique words extracted from POS-tagged Nepali National Corpus and trained a BiLSTM model with 95.14% accuracy which was used to create POS-tags for our dataset.
The dataset released in our github repository contains each word in newline with space separated POS-tags and Entity-tags. The sentences are separated by empty newline. A sample sentence from the dataset is presented in table FIGREF13.
In order to label our dataset with POS-tags, we first created POS annotated dataset of 6946 sentences and 16225 unique words extracted from POS-tagged Nepali National Corpus and trained a BiLSTM model with 95.14% accuracy which was used to create POS-tags for our dataset.
Answer: It was trained to label their dataset with POS-tags,
Question: Come up with short road trips from Berkeley that I can drive to within two hours.
Answer: From Berkeley, some destinations within a 2 hours drive include Napa, San Francisco, Sacramento, and Marin.
Question: What datasets did they use?
Evidence: We test our proposed approach on three public short text datasets. The summary statistics and semantic topics of these datasets are described in Table TABREF24 and Table TABREF25 .
SearchSnippets. This dataset was selected from the results of web search transaction using predefined phrases of 8 different domains by Phan et al. BIBREF41 .
StackOverflow. We use the challenge data published in Kaggle.com. The raw dataset consists 3,370,528 samples through July 31st, 2012 to August 14, 2012. In our experiments, we randomly select 20,000 question titles from 20 different tags as in Table TABREF25 .
Biomedical. We use the challenge data published in BioASQ's official website. In our experiments, we randomly select 20, 000 paper titles from 20 different MeSH major topics as in Table TABREF25 . As described in Table TABREF24 , the max length of selected paper titles is 53.
We test our proposed approach on three public short text datasets. 
SearchSnippets. This dataset was selected from the results of web search transaction using predefined phrases of 8 different domains by Phan et al. BIBREF41 .
StackOverflow. We use the challenge data published in Kaggle.com. 
Biomedical. We use the challenge data published in BioASQ's official website. 
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* SearchSnippets
* StackOverflow
* Biomedical
Question: Classify each of the following as either a sports car or family car: porsche cayman, subaru brz, toyota camry?
Answer: porsche cayman: sports car
subaru brz: sports car
toyota camry: family car
Question: What are some things that would cause the velocity of money within an economy to increase?
Answer: The velocity of money is a macro economics term referring to the speed with which money changes hands, which can be determined by dividing the annual aggregate economic output (also called gross domestic product) of a country by the applicable money supply. The velocity of money can be impacted by many things. Growing optimism and confidence among consumers and businesses can increase velocity, whereas a decline in velocity can occur when people and companies become gloomier or more uncertain of their financial futures. Enhancements in technology that make transactions more efficient can also increase velocity.
Question: What is the capital of the united kingdom?
Answer: London is the capital of the united kingdom.
Question: What are common metrics used to measure the market value of a company?
Answer: Common metrics used to measure the market value of a company are:
1. Revenue
2. Free cash flow
3. Net income
4. Revenue growth rate
5. Free cash flow growth rate
6. Operating margin
Question: What is taken as input in this model?
Evidence: Figure FIGREF6 summarizes the proposed model architecture. The model takes character sequence as input and captures contextual features using BERT. A CRF layer is applied to extract entities from the sentence. To effectively transmit information between entity recognition and relation extraction, soft label embedding is built on the top of CRF logits. To solve the problem that one entity belongs to multiple triplets, a multi-sigmoid layer is applied. We find that adding an auxiliary global relation prediction task also improve the performance.
The model takes character sequence as input and captures contextual features using BERT.
Answer: The model takes character sequence as input.
Question: What is CJIS?
Answer: CJIS stands for Criminal Justice Information Services, which is a division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The CJIS division maintains, supports, and promulgates requirements for the access to criminal justice information.
Question: What languages do they experiment on?
Evidence: Our in-house dataset includes manually annotated RE data for 6 languages: English, German, Spanish, Italian, Japanese and Portuguese. It defines 56 entity types (e.g., Person, Organization, Geo-Political Entity, Location, Facility, Time, Event_Violence, etc.) and 53 relation types between the entities (e.g., AgentOf, LocatedAt, PartOf, TimeOf, AffectedBy, etc.).
The ACE05 dataset includes manually annotated RE data for 3 languages: English, Arabic and Chinese. It defines 7 entity types (Person, Organization, Geo-Political Entity, Location, Facility, Weapon, Vehicle) and 6 relation types between the entities (Agent-Artifact, General-Affiliation, ORG-Affiliation, Part-Whole, Personal-Social, Physical).
Our in-house dataset includes manually annotated RE data for 6 languages: English, German, Spanish, Italian, Japanese and Portuguese. 
The ACE05 dataset includes manually annotated RE data for 3 languages: English, Arabic and Chinese. It defines 7 entity types (Person, Organization, Geo-Political Entity, Location, Facility, Weapon, Vehicle) and 6 relation types between the entities (Agent-Artifact, General-Affiliation, ORG-Affiliation, Part-Whole, Personal-Social, Physical).
Answer: The answers are shown as follows:
* English, German, Spanish, Italian, Japanese and Portuguese
*  English, Arabic and Chinese
Question: What started World War 1?
Answer: Many historians consider the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria the start of World War 1. Soon after the assassination Austria declared war on Serbia. Within four weeks their allies declared war on one another.
Question: Given this text about Major League Baseball, how many games do teams play in the regular season and how many games are played in the World Series.
Evidence: Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world.[B] MLB is composed of 30 teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. Formed in 1876 and 1901 respectively, the NL and AL cemented their cooperation with the National Agreement in 1903. They remained legally separate entities until 2000, when they merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball. MLB is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan. It is considered one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. 

Each team plays 162 games per season, and six teams in each league advance to a four-round postseason tournament that culminates in the World Series, a best-of-seven championship series between the two league champions first played in 1903. The New York Yankees have the most championships: 27. The reigning champions are the Houston Astros, who defeated the Philadelphia Phillies, 4–2, in the 2022 World Series.
Answer: Each team will play 162 games per regular season, with the two top teams playing a best of seven in the World Series Championship.
Question: Where can I go to workout?
Answer: There are lots of places to go to workout. You can go for a run in the outdoors. You can go to a gym, such as Planet Fitness, LA Fitness, 24 hour fitness, or Equinox. You can also workout at home, with dumbbells or body weight exercises.
Question: What are sample counts and the priors used to do?
Evidence: The inference problem consists of predicting the role labels and CLVs (the hidden variables) given the predicate, its voice, and syntactic features of all the identified arguments (the visible variables). We use a collapsed Gibbs-sampling based approach to generate samples for the hidden variables (model parameters are integrated out). The sample counts and the priors are then used to calculate the MAP estimate of the model parameters.
For the monolingual model, the role at a given position is sampled as:
 DISPLAYFORM0 
 where the subscript INLINEFORM0 refers to all the variables except at position INLINEFORM1 , INLINEFORM2 refers to the variables in all the training instances except the current one, and INLINEFORM3 refers to all the model parameters. The above integral has a closed form solution due to Dirichlet-multinomial conjugacy.
For sampling roles in the multilingual model, we also need to consider the probabilities of roles being generated by the CLVs:
 DISPLAYFORM0 
For sampling CLVs, we need to consider three factors: two corresponding to probabilities of generating the aligned roles, and the third one corresponding to selecting the CLV according to CRP.
 DISPLAYFORM0 
 where the aligned roles INLINEFORM0 and INLINEFORM1 are connected to INLINEFORM2 , and INLINEFORM3 refers to all the variables except INLINEFORM4 , INLINEFORM5 , and INLINEFORM6 .
We use the trained parameters to parse the monolingual data using the monolingual model. The crosslingual parameters are ignored even if they were used during training. Thus, the information coming from the CLVs acts as a regularizer for the monolingual models.
The sample counts and the priors are then used to calculate the MAP estimate of the model parameters.
Answer: To calculate the MAP estimate of the model parameters.
Question: Do dogs reciprocate based on how you treat them?
Answer: Yes, dogs are wonderful pets and they make the best human companion. They also understand how to reciprocate based on how you treat them. You constantly scold and be harsh at them and they tend to avoid your company. You constantly love them and they want to be in your company. This is true about dogs even tif he person who was harsh carries their favourite treat. At the end everyone wants to be loved and a dog is no different.